HomeMy WebLinkAbout20131282 Ver 1_Application_20131212
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
PAT L. MCCRORY ANTHONY J. TATA
GOVERNOR SECRETARY
December 11, 2013
U. S. Army Corps of Engineers
Raleigh Regulatory Field Office
3331 Heritage Trade Drive, Suite 105
Wake Forest, NC 27587
ATTN: Mr. Eric Alsmeyer
NCDOT Division 5 Project Coordinator
SUBJECT: Application for Section 404 Individual Permit, Section 401 Water Quality
Certification, North Carolina State General Permit for Impacts to Isolated
and Other Non-404 Jurisdictional Wetlands and Waters, and Neuse River
Riparian Buffer Authorization for the proposed East End Connector from NC
147 (Durham Freeway/Buck Dean Expressway) to north of NC 98 (Holloway
Street) in Durham, Durham County, North Carolina, Division 5. Federal Aid
Project No. NHF–76–1(2), TIP No. U-0071.
Debit $570.00 from WBS Element No. 34745.1.1
Dear Sir:
The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) proposes to construct the East End
Connector from NC 147 (Durham Freeway/Buck Dean Expressway) to north of NC 98
(Holloway Street) in Durham. The project will link NC 147 and US 70 and will be a controlled-
access facility. Proposed interchanges include freeway-to-freeway junctions between the East
End Connector and NC 147 adjacent to where NC 147 crosses over SR 1171 (Ellis Road) and
between the East End Connector and US 70 near the existing US 70/East End Avenue at-grade
intersection. An interchange is also proposed along the proposed facility at Carr Road and the
existing interchange between US 70 and NC 98 will be reconfigured. The proposed project will
also upgrade US 70 to a freeway from NC 98 to SR 1815 (Pleasant Drive). The project will be
comprised of three continuous lanes in each direction, plus auxiliary lanes as needed, with a 26-
foot wide median, 12-foot inside shoulders, and 14-foot outside shoulders. A portion of the
project will be on new location. In addition to work associated with the L-line construction,
additional work is also proposed on several Y-lines along US 70.
MAILING ADDRESS:
NC DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
PROJECT DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ANALYSIS
NATURAL ENVIRONMENT SECTION
1598 MAIL SERVICE CENTER
RALEIGH NC 27699-1598
TELEPHONE: 919-707-6100
FAX: 919-212-5785
WEBSITE: WWW.NCDOT.ORG
PHYSICAL ADDRESS:
Century Center - Building B
1020 Birch Ridge Dr
Raleigh, NC 27610-4328
In addition to this cover letter, please find enclosed the ENG Form 4345, the North Carolina
Ecosystem Enhancement Program (NCEEP) Mitigation Acceptance Letter, October 18, 1995
memorandum from the North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources regarding
archaeological surveys, Interagency Hydraulic Design Review Concurrence Points (CP) 4B and
4C meeting minutes, Stormwater Management Plan, permit drawings, buffer drawings, utility
permit drawings, and roadway plans associated with the subject project.
PROJECT SCHEDULE
The proposed let date for this project is April 15, 2014, with a let review date of February 25,
2014. However, the let date may advance as additional funds become available.
PURPOSE AND NEED
The purpose of the proposed East End Connector is to improve capacity on both NC 147 and US
70 and improve connectivity between these high speed routes, which provide direct access to
Interstate 40 (I-40) to the south and Interstate 85 (I-85) to the north. The proposed improvement
will offer a number of secondary benefits to travelers and residents in East Durham, including
improving access to major employment centers, particularly the Research Triangle Park;
enhancing connectivity between suburban areas to the north and east of downtown Durham; and
diverting through traffic away from local surface streets, such as Magnum Street and US 15/501
Business (Roxboro Street).
NEPA DOCUMENT STATUS
A Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) and Section 4(f) Statement was originally
completed for this project in January 1982. A Draft Re-evaluation of the FEIS was completed in
1998. An Environmental Assessment (EA) was approved in December 2009 and a Finding of No
Significant Impact (FONSI) was approved in December 2011. All documents have been provided
to regulatory review agencies. The EA and FONSI are available on the NCDOT Website at
https://connect.ncdot.gov/resources/Environmental/Pages/default.aspx, under Quick Links >
Environmental Documents.
INDEPENDENT UTILITY
The subject project is in compliance with 23 CFR Part 771.111(f), which lists the Federal
Highway Administration (FHWA) characteristics of independent utility of a project:
(1) The project connects logical termini and is of sufficient length to address environmental
matters on a broad scope;
(2) The project is usable and a reasonable expenditure due to both sections being constructed at
the same time;
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(3) The project does not restrict consideration of alternatives for other reasonably foreseeable
transportation improvements.
RESOURCE STATUS
Wetland delineations for the U-0071 construction footprint followed the field delineation method
outlined in the 1987 Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual (Environmental
Laboratory, 1987) and the subsequent Regional Supplement to the Corps of Engineers
Delineation Manual: Eastern Mountains and Piedmont Region (U.S Army Corps of Engineers
[USACE]; Interim Version [2010], Version 2.0 [2012]). The regional supplement was only used
on wetlands either added or modified after the supplement was released. Stream identification
and classification followed the Identification Methods for the Origins of Intermittent and
Perennial Streams (North Carolina Division of Water Quality [NCDWQ], Versions 3.0 – 4.1.1).
Within the U-0071 construction footprint for the preferred alternative, 17 streams, 10 wetlands,
and two ponds were identified.
Jurisdictional features associated within the original project study area and the proposed
alternatives within it were verified by USACE Regulatory Specialist Eric Alsmeyer under a
Notification of Jurisdictional Determination (JD), dated February 17, 2005 (Action ID No.
200420005). Additionally, previously un-verified jurisdictional features within areas added to the
project study area were verified by Mr. Alsmeyer via an on-site field visit on November 2, 2006.
No written JD tear sheet was received for the verification of these added features.
Since the original JD was set to expire, a re-verification of jurisdictional features associated with
the project was pursued in 2011. Jurisdictional features within the construction footprint
presented at CP 4B (features that were previously verified, plus modified and/or added features)
were verified by Mr. Alsmeyer under an Approved Notification of JD, dated July 20, 2011
(Action ID No. SAW-2011-00796). Additionally, an area containing previously un-verified
jurisdictional features was added to the construction footprint during the permitting process.
These features were verified by Mr. Alsmeyer on a separate Preliminary Notification of JD tear
sheet, dated May 2, 2013, but were included under the same Action ID No. as the 2011 re-
verification.
NCDWQ issued an On-Site Determination for Subjectivity to the Neuse River Riparian Area
Protection Rules on August 19, 2004 for buffer determinations made by Regulatory Specialist
Steven Mitchell within the original project study area. An On-Site Determination for
Applicability to the Neuse River Basin Buffer Rules was issued on June 15, 2005 for additional
buffer determinations made within the original project study area by Regulatory Specialists John
Hennessy and Nicole Thomson. Regulatory Specialist Rob Ridings attended the above-
referenced November 2, 2006 on-site field visit and made calls on features within the added
portions of the study area. A written verification was not received for the 2006 calls.
A JD request packet was sent to Mr. Ridings for the 2011 verification of features within the CP
4B construction footprint. Mr. Ridings did not attend, but stated that he would agree with the
calls made by Mr. Alsmeyer and NCDOT and the calls previously made by NCDWQ. Mr.
Ridings was also sent a JD request packet for the features added during the permitting process
and deferred to the calls made by Mr. Alsmeyer and NCDOT.
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The study area lies within the Piedmont physiographic province of North Carolina. Jurisdictional
features with the project footprint are located within both the Neuse River Basin (Hydrologic
Unit [HUC] 03020201) and the Cape Fear River Basin (HUC 03030002) in Durham County.
Jurisdictional streams within the Neuse Basin that will be impacted by this project include three
Unnamed Tributaries (UT) of Goose Creek (North Carolina Division of Water Resources
[NCDWR] Classification WS-IV NSW; NCDWR Index No. 27-5-1) and 11 UTs of Little Lick
Creek (NCDWR Classification WS-IV NSW; NCDWR Index No. 27-9-[0.5]). Jurisdictional
streams within the Cape Fear Basin that will be impacted by this project include three UTs of
Northeast Creek (NCDWR Classification WS-V NSW; NCDWR Index No. 16-41-1-17-[0.3]).
There are no designated Outstanding Resource Waters (ORW), High Quality Waters (HQW),
Water Supply I (WS-I), or Water Supply II (WS-II) waters within 1.0 mile of the project. Within
1.0 mile of the construction footprint, Little Lick Creek (NCDWR Index No. 27-9-[0.5]), UT2 of
Little Lick Creek (NCDWR Index No. 27-9-[0.5]ut2), and Third Fork Creek (NCDWR Index
No. 16-41-1-12-[1]) are listed on the 2012 303(d) List of Impaired Waters of North Carolina.
Little Lick Creek is listed for impaired aquatic life due to low dissolved oxygen and turbidity;
UT2 of Little Lick Creek is listed for impaired aquatic life due to low dissolved oxygen; and
Third Fork Creek is listed for impaired aquatic life due to copper, zinc, and low dissolved
oxygen.
IMPACTS TO WATERS OF THE UNITED STATES
Surface Waters
Neuse River Basin
Total jurisdictional stream impacts within the Neuse River Basin (HUC 03020101) include 5,447
linear feet of permanent stream impacts, which includes bank stabilization, and 568 linear feet of
temporary stream impacts. Of those impacts, a total of 419 linear feet of permanent stream
impacts, which includes bank stabilization, and 15 linear feet of temporary stream impacts will
occur along Stream S-26, which is an isolated stream. The jurisdictional stream impacts for this
basin are summarized below in Table 1. In addition to stream impacts, there will be 0.78 acres of
surface water impacts to jurisdictional Pond W-8 (Site 13) and 0.19 acres of surface water
impacts to jurisdictional Pond W-12 (Site 18) in this basin.
Utilities
Of the 5,447 linear feet of permanent stream impacts listed above, a total of 20 linear feet are
bank stabilization impacts associated with utility work at Wetland and Stream Utility Permit Site
U-1. Temporary dewatering and trenching will also occur at this site to allow for the placement
of an 8-inch sewer pipe across Stream S-25; however, these temporary impacts will occur within
the same footprint as the permanent bank stabilization impacts. The pipe will be completely
buried.
Jurisdictional stream impacts resulting from utility work will occur at two additional locations;
however, these impacts are within the right-of-way (ROW) limits, where roadway-related stream
impacts have already been calculated. These utility impacts include:
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(1) On Plan Sheet No. 6, an 8-inch sewer line will be installed. Temporary utility stream impacts
will occur where the line crosses Stream S-A. However, at that location, permanent stream
impacts related to roadway construction will also occur, which supersede the temporary
utility impacts. The permanent impacts are accounted for as part of Permit Site No. 2.
(2) On Plan Sheet No. 11, a 16-inch sewer line will be installed. Temporary utility stream
impacts will occur where the line crosses Stream S-6. However, at that location, temporary
stream impacts related to culvert construction will also occur; therefore, temporary stream
impacts where there is overlap are accounted for as part of Permit Site No. 17.
Table 1. Surface Water Impacts within the Neuse River Basin (HUC 03020201)
Permit
Site
No.
Stream
Name
Stream
ID1
Intermittent
/Perennial
Impact
Type
Impacts
(lin. ft.)
Impacts
Requiring
USACE
mitigation
(lin. ft.)
USACE
Mitigation
Ratio
Impacts
Requiring
1:1 DWR
mitigation
(lin. ft.)
1 UT of Goose
Creek S-B Intermittent Perm.
Fill 412 02 03
2 UT of Goose
Creek S-A Intermittent
Temp.
Fill 14 0 0
Perm.
Fill 673 02 03
Bank
Stabil. 20 05 03
3 UT of Goose
Creek S-35 Intermittent Perm.
Fill 410 02 03
4 UT of Little
Lick Creek S-26 Intermittent
(Isolated)
Temp.
Fill 15 0 0
Perm.
Fill 349 04 03
Bank
Stabil. 70 04 03
6 UT of Little
Lick Creek S-25 Intermittent Temp.
Fill 15 0 0
7 UT of Little
Lick Creek S-18 Perennial
Temp.
Fill 110 0 0
Perm.
Fill 665 665 2:1 665
Bank
Stabil. 250 05 250
8 UT of Little
Lick Creek S-19 Intermittent Perm.
Fill 443 02 03
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Table 1. Surface Water Impacts within the Neuse River Basin (HUC 03020201) (Continued)
Permit
Site
No.
Stream
Name
Stream
ID1
Intermittent
/Perennial
Impact
Type
Impacts
(lin. ft.)
Impacts
Requiring
USACE
mitigation
(lin. ft.)
USACE
Mitigation
Ratio
Impacts
Requiring
1:1 DWR
mitigation
(lin. ft.)
9 UT of Little
Lick Creek S-24 Intermittent
Perm.
Fill 29 02 03
Bank
Stabil. 43 05 03
12 UT of Little
Lick Creek S-16 Intermittent
Temp.
Fill 132 0 0
Perm.
Fill 705 02 03
Bank
Stabil. 42 05 03
17 UT of Little
Lick Creek S-6 Perennial
Temp.
Fill 39 0 0
Perm.
Fill 479 479 2:1 479
Bank
Stabil. 61 05 61
17A UT of Little
Lick Creek S-12 Intermittent Temp.
Fill 56 0 0
17B UT of Little
Lick Creek S-14 Intermittent Temp.
Fill 7 0 0
23 UT of Little
Lick Creek S-6 Perennial
Temp.
Fill 124 0 0
Perm.
Fill 280 280 2:1 280
Bank
Stabil. 79 05 79
24 UT of Little
Lick Creek S-7 Intermittent
Temp.
Fill 23 0 0
Perm.
Fill 104 02 03
25 UT of Little
Lick Creek S-2 Intermittent
Temp.
Fill 10 0 0
Perm.
Fill 168 02 03
Bank
Stabil. 35 05 03
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Table 1. Surface Water Impacts within the Neuse River Basin (HUC 03020201) (Continued)
1Stream IDs are from the JD re-verification packet, dated April 7, 2011.
2Per USACE, no compensatory mitigation is required for permanent impacts (including bank stabilization) to USACE-regulated intermittent
streams associated with this project. 3 Per the NCDWQ Public Memorandum dated August 14, 2009, any NCDOT project within the Merger 01 process that has reached CP 4A
prior to the effective date of October 16, 2009 is not subject to the NCDWR Intermittent Stream Mitigation Policy. This project
reached CP 4A on December 13, 2007 and is not subject to this policy. Therefore, no compensatory mitigation for permanent
impacts along intermittent streams is required by NCDWR for this project. 4Isolated streams are not regulated by USACE.
5Per USACE, bank stabilization impacts do not require compensatory mitigation.
6Although this Site does not individually exceed the 150 linear foot threshold set by NCDWR for requiring compensatory mitigation, when
combined with other Sites along the same stream, the cumulative impact to the stream exceeds that threshold.
Permit
Site
No.
Stream
Name
Stream
ID1
Intermittent
/Perennial
Impact
Type
Impacts
(lin. ft.)
Impacts
Requiring
USACE
mitigation
(lin. ft.)
USACE
Mitigation
Ratio
Impacts
Requiring
1:1 DWR
mitigation
(lin. ft.)
26 UT of Little
Lick Creek S-2 Intermittent
Temp.
Fill 23 0 0
Perm.
Fill 50 02 03
Bank
Stabil. 50 05 03
27 UT of Little
Lick Creek S-6 Perennial Bank
Stabil. 10 05 106
U-1 UT of Little
Lick Creek S-25 Intermittent
Utility/
Bank
Stabil.
20 05 03
Temporary Fill Impacts (Non-isolated) 553 0 0
Temporary Fill Impacts (Isolated) 15 0 0
Permanent Fill Impacts (Non-isolated) 4,418 1,424 1,424
Permanent Fill Impacts (Isolated) 349 04 0
Bank Stabilization Impacts (Non-isolated) 610 0 400
Bank Stabilization Impacts (Isolated) 70 04 0
TOTAL TEMPORARY IMPACTS 568 0 0
TOTAL PERMANENT IMPACTS 5,447 1,424 1,824
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Cape Fear River Basin
Total jurisdictional stream impacts within the Cape Fear River Basin (HUC 03030002) include
501 linear feet of permanent stream impacts, which includes bank stabilization, and 68 linear feet
of temporary stream impacts. The jurisdictional stream impacts within this basin are summarized
below in Table 2.
Due to an error in the Location and Surveys file, which listed ephemeral channels on the
upstream end of S-30/S-P as jurisdictional that were not, impacts were mistakenly calculated in
the CP 4C drawings upstream of current Site 20. This area was listed as part of Site 22 in the CP
4C drawings and showed impacts along the main ephemeral channel as well as an ephemeral
channel spur. Since this area is actually non-jurisdictional beyond the point shown on the current
drawings, these impacts were removed. In the initial draft of the final permit drawings, this area
was still included as Site 19; although the impacts have been removed, the site is still listed on
the impact summary sheet (with no impacts) as a place holder to identify that there are no longer
impacts at that location, since a significant amount of stream impacts were shown in that area in
the 4C drawings.
Utilities
No utility impacts associated with this project will occur in this basin.
Table 2. Surface Water Impacts within the Cape Fear River Basin (HUC 03030002)
Permit
Site
No.
Stream
Name
Stream
ID1 Intermittent
/Perennial
Impact
Type
Impacts
(lin. ft.)
Impacts
Requiring
USACE
mitigation
(lin. ft.)
USACE
Mitigation
Ratio
Impacts
Requiring
1:1 DWR
mitigation
(lin. ft.)
20
UT of
Northeast
Creek
S-30/
S-P Perennial
Temp.
Fill 17 0 0
Perm.
Fill 218 218 2:1 218
21
UT of
Northeast
Creek
S-30/
S-P Perennial Perm.
Fill 28 28 2:1 283
22
UT of
Northeast
Creek
S-30/
S-P Perennial Perm.
Fill 23 23 2:1 233
28
UT of
Northeast
Creek
S-R Perennial
Temp.
Fill 20 0 0
Perm.
Fill 121 121 2:1 0
29
UT of
Northeast
Creek
S-30/
S-P Perennial Perm.
Fill 40 40 2:1 403
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Table 2. Surface Water Impacts within the Cape Fear River Basin (HUC 03030002) (Continued)
1Stream IDs are from the JD re-verification packet, dated April 7, 2011.
2Per USACE, bank stabilization impacts fewer than 500 linear feet on a single stream (perennial streams, for this project) do not require
compensatory mitigation. 3Although this Site does not individually exceed the 150 linear foot threshold set by NCDWR for requiring compensatory mitigation, when
combined with other Sites along the same stream, the cumulative impact to the stream exceeds that `threshold.
Wetlands
Neuse River Basin
There will be a total of 0.46 acres of permanent wetland impacts and 0.01 acres of temporary
wetland impacts within the Neuse River Basin (HUC 03020101). A total of 0.38 acres of the
permanent wetland impacts are to riparian wetlands, which includes 0.19 acres of permanent
impacts to isolated wetlands. The remaining 0.08 acres of permanent impacts are to non-riparian
wetlands, all of which are isolated. These impacts are summarized in Table 3.
Utilities
Jurisdictional wetland impacts resulting from the installation of an 8-inch sewer line will occur in
Wetland W-B on Plan Sheet No. 6. However, these impacts are within the ROW limits and in an
area that overlaps with roadway-related wetland impacts. The area where there is overlap is
considered a roadway-related wetland impact and is accounted for as part of Permit Site No. 2.
Permit
Site
No.
Stream
Name
Stream
ID1 Intermittent
/Perennial
Impact
Type
Impacts
(lin. ft.)
Impacts
Requiring
USACE
mitigation
(lin. ft.)
USACE
Mitigation
Ratio
Impacts
Requiring
1:1 DWR
mitigation
(lin. ft.)
30
UT of
Northeast
Creek
S-30/
S-P Perennial Perm.
Fill 10 10 2:1 103
31
UT of
Northeast
Creek
S-30/
S-P Perennial
Temp.
Fill 22 0 0
Bank
Stabil. 61 02 613
32
UT of
Northeast
Creek
S-G Intermittent Temp.
Fill 9 0 0
Temporary Fill Impacts 68 0 0
Permanent Fill Impacts 440 440 319
Bank Stabilization Impacts 61 0 61
TOTAL TEMPORARY IMPACTS 68 0 0
TOTAL PERMANENT IMPACTS 501 440 380
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Table 3. Wetland Impacts within the Neuse River Basin (HUC 03020201)
Permit
Site No. Wetland ID Wetland
Type
Impact
Type
Permanent
Impacts (ac.)
Impacts
Requiring
USACE
mitigation (ac.)1
Temporary
Impacts
(ac.)
2 W-B Riparian Fill 0.08 0.08 0
3 W-30 Riparian Fill 0.06 0.06 0
4 W-29 Riparian
(Isolated) Fill 0.05 02 0
5 W-39 Riparian
(Isolated) Fill 0.06 02 0
8 W-28 Riparian Fill 0.04 0.04 0
10 W-25 Riparian Fill 0.01 0.01 0.01
11 W-24 Riparian Mechanized
Clearing <0.01 <0.01 0
14 W-10A Riparian
(Isolated) Fill 0.08 02 0
15 W-PX
Non-
Riparian
(Isolated)
Fill 0.03 02 0
16 W-11
Non-
Riparian
(Isolated)
Fill 0.05 02 0
Riparian, Non-Isolated Impacts 0.19 0.19 0.01
Riparian, Isolated Impacts 0.19 02 0
Non-Riparian, Isolated Impacts 0.08 02 0
TOTAL IMPACTS 0.463 0.193 0.01
1 Mitigation ratio for all applicable wetland sites is 2:1. 2 Isolated wetlands are not regulated by the USACE. Additionally, NCDOT does not anticipate compensatory mitigation being required
by NCDWR for isolated wetlands because total wetland impacts for the project do not exceed 1.0 acre. 3Rounded total is based on the sum of the actual impacts.
Cape Fear River Basin
There are no wetland impacts (roadway or utility) within this basin.
Buffers
Neuse River Basin
Within the Neuse River Basin (HUC 03020101), there will be a total of 46,609 square feet of
Allowable buffer impacts associated with project, with 28,259 square feet occurring in buffer
Zone 1 and 18,350 square feet occurring in buffer Zone 2. Additionally, there will be a total of
594,470 square feet of Mitigable buffer impacts, with 352,197 square feet occurring in Zone 1
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and 242,273 square feet occurring in Zone 2. These impacts are summarized in Table 4. Please
refer to the Wetland Impact Summary Sheet and Wetlands in Buffer Sheet for site-by-site
impacts.
Utilities
Of the Allowable riparian buffer impacts mentioned above, a total of 4,559 square feet are
associated with utility work, with 2,599 square feet occurring in buffer Zone 1 and 1,960 square
feet occurring in buffer Zone 2. Additionally, of the above-mentioned Mitigable riparian buffer
impacts, a total of 329 square feet are associated with utility work, all of which occur in Zone 1.
At Utility Buffer Site U-2, additional utility work will occur that is not accounted for within the
utility impacts listed for that site. This is due to the fact that some of the utility-related impacts at
this location will occur within an existing, cleared City of Durham sewer easement. This portion
of the impact was considered to be occurring within existing use rather than as a new impact.
At Utility Buffer Site No. U-3, additional buffer impacts will occur that are not accounted for
within the utility totals listed for that site. This is due to the fact that some of the utility-related
buffer impacts at this location will occur within the project right-of-way (ROW), where roadway-
related buffer impacts will also occur. Impacts in the area where this overlap occurs inside of the
ROW limits were accounted for as roadway impacts as part of Buffer Permit Site No. 17. The
remaining impacts at this site outside of the ROW limits were accounted for as part of Utility
Buffer Site No. U-3.
Utility-related riparian buffer impacts will occur at three additional locations where the utility
buffer impacts are completely overlapped by the roadway buffer impacts within the ROW limits.
At these locations, buffer impacts were accounted for as roadway-related buffer impacts. These
areas include:
(1) On Plan Sheet No. 6, an 8-inch sewer line will be installed within the buffer of Stream S-A.
The area where there is overlap between utility buffer impacts and roadway buffer impacts
has been accounted for as part of Buffer Permit Site No. 1.
(2) On Plan Sheet No. 9, a 12-inch sewer line will be installed within the buffer of Stream S-16.
The area where there is overlap between utility buffer impacts and roadway buffer impacts
has been accounted for as part of Buffer Permit Site No. 6.
(3) On Plan Sheet No. 20, a 16-inch sewer line will be installed within the buffer of Stream S-6.
The area where there is overlap between utility buffer impacts and roadway buffer impacts
has been accounted for as part of Buffer Permit Site No. 13.
At two additional locations, one on Plan Sheet No. 11 and one on Plan Sheet No. 20, utility work
in the form of manhole cover installation will be performed within 50 feet of buffered streams.
However, both areas are within existing, cleared City of Durham sewer easements and are,
therefore, considered to be occurring within existing use rather than as new buffer impacts.
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Table 4. Riparian Buffer Impacts within the Neuse River Basin (HUC 03020101)
1See Buffer Impact Summary Sheet in the attached buffer drawings for site-by-site impacts.
Cape Fear River Basin
Per the memorandum from NCDOT to NCDWQ dated August 20, 2010, this project is
grandfathered from the Jordan Lake Riparian Buffer Rules. Therefore, buffer impacts will not be
considered for either roadway or utility work in the Jordan Lake Watershed (HUC 03030002) in
this permit application.
MITIGATION OPTIONS
The USACE has adopted, through the Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ), a wetland
mitigation policy that embraces the concept of “no net loss of wetlands” and sequencing. The
purpose of this policy is to restore and maintain the chemical, biological, and physical integrity of
the waters of the United States. CEQ has defined mitigation of wetland and surface water
impacts to include: avoiding impacts, minimizing impacts, rectifying impacts, reducing impacts
over time, and compensating for impacts (40 CFR 1508.20).
The NCDOT is committed to incorporating all reasonable and practicable design features to
avoid and minimize jurisdictional impacts, and to provide full compensatory mitigation of all
Impact Type1 Zone 1 Impacts
(sq. ft.) Zone 2 Impacts
(sq. ft.) Buffer Impact
Total (sq. ft.)
Allowable Stormwater Management Impacts 5,584 3,789 9,373
Allowable Utility Impacts 2,599 1,960 4,559
Allowable Road Crossing Impacts 20,076 12,601 32,677
Mitigable Utility Impacts 329 0 329
Mitigable Parallel Impacts 5,317 7,867 13,184
Mitigable Road Crossing Impacts 346,551 234,406 580,957
Total Allowable Impacts 28,259 18,350 46,609
Total Mitigable Impacts 352,197 242,273 594,470
Wetlands in Buffer Within Mitigable Impacts 6,999 2,335 9,334
Total Mitigable Impacts, Minus Wetlands In Buffer 345,198 239,938 585,136
TOTAL IMPACTS 380,456 260,623 641,079
TOTAL WETLANDS IN BUFFER 6,999 2,335 9,334
TOTAL IMPACTS, MINUS WETLANDS IN
BUFFER 373,457 258,288 631,745
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remaining, unavoidable jurisdictional impacts. Avoidance measures were taken during the
planning phase and minimization measures were incorporated as part of the project design.
Minimization includes the examination of appropriate and practicable steps to reduce the adverse
impacts.
Avoidance and Minimization
Avoidance and minimization has been employed in the project area to the maximum extent
practicable. Listed below are some of the measures implemented on the project:
• NCDOT’s Best Management Practices (BMPs) for the Protection of Surface Waters will be
enforced.
• Design Standards in Sensitive Watersheds will be employed on portions of the project within
the Neuse River Basin.
EA/CP 4A Meeting Minutes
• The proposed East End Connector was shifted to avoid stream S-11. It also was shifted to a
90-degree skew to cross stream S-6. The proposed alignment also avoids wetland W-40, and
ponds 41 and 42. Additionally, the narrowest median that meets design standards was
selected for the corridor.
• The Rowena Avenue Extension was eliminated. Instead, access was provided along East End
Avenue Extension. As a result, impacts to wetland W-26, Pond 23 (W-23) and streams S-18
and S-24 were avoided (at that location).
• The northbound NC 147 flyover ramp was replaced with a left exit off the East End
Connector, reducing the impact to stream S-30 (at that location).
• The Miami Boulevard northbound exit ramp was shifted closer to US 70, reducing the length
of impact to S-18 (at that location).
• Jurisdictional impacts were further minimized by adding guardrail, which allows fill slope
limits to be reduced at stream and wetland crossings.
Stormwater Management Plan
• Where possible, open roadway shoulders with roadway ditches and rip rap pads at pipe
outlets were employed.
• Where possible, the following stormwater conveyances were also employed: lateral “V”
ditches, lateral base ditches, lateral “V” diversion ditches, lateral base diversion ditches,
special cut ditches, standard base ditches, special base ditches, tail ditches, and tail base
ditches.
• Sixteen grassed swales will be constructed along the project to convey and treat stormwater
and reduce stormwater velocities. Swales were a very practical BMP for this project because
there was available pervious area along the linear highway corridor and they can easily be
substituted for ditches. Grassed swales were designed in areas where appropriate slopes could
be graded out and required length could be met. Rock checks were added to some of the
swales to slow velocities.
• Seventeen pre-formed scour holes (PSH) will be constructed along the project at pipe outlets
and will function as stormwater energy dissipators.
• Four dry detention basins will be constructed at the following locations: –L– STA. 56+00
RT, –Y5– STA. 22+04 LT, –L– STA. 121+98 LT, and –L– STA. 129+75 LT. The function
U-0071 Individual Permit Application
13
of these basins will be stormwater catchment, treatment, and discharge. The basin located at –
L– STA. 56+00 RT required a larger water quality volume than 3:1 slopes would allow with
the location’s surface area constraints. Thus, the basin was designed with 2:1 slopes and with
stabilization requirements.
• One level spreader with a rip rap-lined tail ditch will be installed at –US70FLY– STA. 43+30
LT and will function as a stormwater energy dissipator. The tail ditch will allow for some
treatment while the level spreader effectively diffuses flow.
• Two special trapezoidal grassed swales with rock berms will be constructed from –Y4– STA.
15+83 to STA. 18+56 LT and from –Y4– STA. 20+38 to STA. 27+00 LT. These swales are
located in a large grade-separated interchange (directly over Stream S-18 on Plan Sheet 9)
that presented difficulty in treating the stormwater runoff. On the north side of the
interchange the alignments of –L– and –Y4– resulted in a large void area between them split
by Stream S-18. The void areas are receiving areas for 8 point outfalls, two on the north side
of S-18 and 6 on the south side of S-18. PSH’s were initially considered at this location, but
they were replaced with the special grassed swale over concerns that the flow from numerous
PSH’s might re-concentrate before the flow reached the stream because the cumulative runoff
encompasses a large area. The entire area between the fills on each side of the stream can be
graded out to create an expanded grassed swale feature with large rock check dams
perpendicularly covering the bottom of the swale every 100 linear feet. Though
unconventional, flow is subdued and the runoff enters the buffered areas on both sides of the
stream with acceptable velocities.
The EA document estimated a total of 5,711 linear feet of stream impacts and 1.13 acres of pond
impacts, while the FONSI estimated 5,890 linear feet of stream impacts and 1.06 acres of pond
impacts. The increase in stream impacts between the EA and FONSI was a result of the Carr
Road interchange being added to the proposed project. After final design, permanent stream
impacts increased to 5,948 linear feet, which is an increase of 58 linear feet when compared to
the FONSI. This increase is due to changes in the project design. Pond impacts decreased to 0.97
acres after final design.
The EA document estimated a total of 0.29 acres of wetland impacts, while the FONSI estimated
0.41 acres of wetland impacts. The increase in wetland impacts between the EA and FONSI was,
again, a result of the addition of the Carr Road interchange, as well as the identification of a new
wetland (Wetland W-10A) within the proposed project footprint. After final design, permanent
wetland impacts are 0.46 acres. This is a slight increase from the FONSI. Although impacts to
Wetland W-31 were eliminated from the project (0.07 acres) between the FONSI and the final
design, four wetlands were impacted by the final design that were not addressed in the FONSI
(Wetlands W-24, W-29, W-30, and W-PX [identified after the FONSI]). Impacts to these new
wetlands totaled 0.14 acres of impacts; that increase, plus modifications made between the
preliminary and final designs in areas where previously-impacted wetlands were located, resulted
in the 0.05-acre overall increase.
The EA document estimated a total of 7.19 acres (313,194 square feet) of Zone 1 buffer impacts
and 4.81 acres (209,522 square feet) of Zone 2 buffer impacts within the Neuse River Basin,
while the FONSI estimated 7.34 acres (319,728 square feet) of Zone 1 buffer impacts and 4.91
acres (213,878 square feet) of Zone 2 buffer impacts within the Neuse Basin. The increase in
buffer impacts between the EA and FONSI, again, was a result of modifications to the Carr Road
interchange being added to the proposed project. After final design, total buffer impacts
(Allowable and Mitigable combined) are 380,456 square feet of Zone 1 impacts and 260,623
U-0071 Individual Permit Application
14
square feet of Zone 2 impacts. This increase between the FONSI and the final design is due to
changes in the project design.
Compensatory Mitigation
Neuse River Basin
Compensatory mitigation requirements for permanent stream, wetland, and buffer impacts
associated with U-0071 within the Neuse River Basin (HUC 03020101) are summarized below
in Table 5.
Stream and Wetland Impacts
A total of 5,447 linear feet of permanent warm water stream impacts will occur within the Neuse
Basin. Of that total, 400 linear feet are bank stabilization impacts along perennial streams, which
do not require compensatory mitigation per USACE; 3,204 linear feet are permanent impacts to
intermittent streams (including 210 linear feet of bank stabilization) that do not require
mitigation per USACE (this designation is project-specific); and 419 linear feet (including 70
linear feet of bank stabilization) are along isolated Stream S-26, which is not regulated by
USACE. This results in a total of 1,424 linear feet of permanent warm water stream impacts that
will require compensatory mitigation per the USACE at a 2:1 ratio.
NCDWR-mandated compensatory mitigation is not required for any permanent impacts along
intermittent streams (including bank stabilization) per the NCDWQ Public Memorandum dated
August 14, 2009, which states that any NCDOT project within the Merger 01 process that has
reached CP 4A prior to the effective date of October 16, 2009 is not subject to the NCDWR
Intermittent Stream Mitigation Policy. This project reached CP 4A on December 13, 2007 and is,
therefore, not subject to this policy. Additionally, mitigation is not required on impacts to
isolated stream S-26 because it is an intermittent stream. However, NCDWR does require
mitigation along perennial streams if the total permanent impacts along a given stream, including
bank stabilization, exceed 150 linear feet. Therefore, NCDWR will require compensatory
mitigation for 1,824 linear feet of permanent warm water stream impacts at a 1:1 ratio.
The total USACE mitigation requirement exceeds the NCDWR mitigation requirement; therefore
NCDOT will request that NCEEP provide compensatory mitigation for 1,424 linear feet of
stream impact at a 2:1 ratio for this basin. NCEEP will also provide mitigation for the 0.19 acres
(2:1 ratio) of permanent riparian, non-isolated wetland impacts resulting from roadway fill and
mechanized clearing.
Buffers
A total of 641,079 square feet of permanent buffer impacts are associated with this project in the
Neuse Basin, with 9,334 square feet being wetlands in buffers. Of the remaining 631,745 square
feet of permanent buffer impacts, 373,457 square feet occur in Buffer Zone 1 and 258,288 square
feet occur in Buffer Zone 2. Of those impacts, 345,198 square feet of Zone 1 impacts and
239,938 square feet of Zone 2 impacts are Mitigable. NCEEP will provide compensatory
mitigation for the Mitigable Zone 1 buffer impacts at a 3:1 ratio and the Mitigable Zone 2 buffer
impacts at a 1.5:1 ratio.
U-0071 Individual Permit Application
15
Table 5. Neuse River Basin Compensatory Mitigation Summary
Stream Impacts
(lin. ft.)
Riparian
Wetland
Impacts (ac.)
Mitigable
Zone 1 Buffer
Impacts
(sq. ft.)
Mitigable
Zone 2 Buffer
Impacts
sq. (ft.)
Impacts Requiring
Mitigation 1,424 0.19 345,198 239,938
Mitigation Ratio 2:1 2:1 3:1 1.5:1
Total NCEEP
Mitigation
Required
2,848 0.38 1,035,594 359,907
Cape Fear River Basin
A total of 501 linear feet of permanent warm water stream impacts will occur within the Cape
Fear River Basin (HUC 03030002), 61 linear feet of which are bank stabilization impacts that do
not require compensatory mitigation per USACE. This results in a total of 440 linear feet of
stream impacts requiring compensatory mitigation per the USACE at a 2:1 ratio.
NCDWR requires mitigation on perennial streams if the total permanent impacts along a given
stream, including bank stabilization, exceed 150 linear feet. Therefore, NCDWR will require
compensatory mitigation for 380 linear feet of permanent stream impacts at a 1:1 ratio.
The total USACE mitigation requirement exceeds the NCDWR mitigation requirement; therefore
NCDOT will request that NCEEP provide compensatory mitigation for 440 linear feet of stream
impact at a 2:1 ratio for this basin. Compensatory mitigation requirements for permanent stream
impacts associated with U-0071 within this basin are summarized below in Table 6. There are no
wetland impacts and this project is grandfathered from the Jordan Lake Riparian Buffer Rules
within this basin.
Table 6. Cape Fear River Basin Compensatory Mitigation Summary
Stream Impacts
(lin. ft.)
Impacts Requiring Mitigation 440
Mitigation Ratio 2:1
Total NCEEP Mitigation Required 880
U-0071 Individual Permit Application
16
FEDERALLY PROTECTED SPECIES
Plants and animals with a Federal classification of Endangered (E) or Threatened (T) are
protected under provisions of Section 7 and Section 9 of the Endangered Species Act (ESA) of
1973, as amended. As of December 26, 2012, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) lists
two federally protected species for Durham County: Michaux’s sumac (Rhus michauxii) and
smooth coneflower (Echinacea laevigata). The Biological Conclusion listed for each species in
both the EA and FONSI was “No Effect”. Re-surveys were performed by NCDOT biologists for
each species on June 19, 2012. Suitable habitat was present; however, no individuals of either
species were observed. Additionally, a review of North Carolina Natural Heritage Program
(NCNHP) GIS data (most recently on October 14, 2013) revealed no known occurrences of either
species within 1.0 mile of the construction footprint. Therefore, the Biological Conclusions of
“No Effect” remain valid.
CULTURAL RESOURCES
In a memorandum dated October 18, 1995, The North Carolina Department of Cultural
Resources, State Historic Preservation Office (HPO) stated that archaeological surveys would not
be recommended. This memorandum is included in the permit application packet. Additionally,
HPO conducted a review of the project and, in a memorandum dated August 14, 2006, stated that
they are not aware of any historic resources that would be affected by the project and had no
comment. This memorandum is located in Appendix A of the EA. Per personal communication
with the NCDOT Human Environment Section – Archaeology Group on December 6, 2013, it
was confirmed that the decisions made in these two memorandums remain valid.
FEMA COMPLIANCE
There are streams within the project limits that are within Federal Emergency Management
Agency (FEMA)-designated flood zones. Coordination between the NCDOT Hydraulics Unit
and FEMA will occur prior to Let to ensure that NCDOT is in full compliance with applicable
floodplain ordinances.
INDIRECT AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS
An assessment of the Indirect and Cumulative Effects of U-0071 was provided to the NCDOT in
a 2007 report, and summarized in the 2009 Environmental Assessment. Additional copies of
those documents are available upon request. While it is acknowledged that the East End
Connector has the potential to have a moderate effect on land use development patterns, it is also
acknowledged that development will not occur without supportive local land use policies, local
development incentives, availability of developable and a good investment climate.
Land use changes in the project study area are guided by the land use and growth management
plans of the City-County government of Durham and regional planning authorities. These plans
and their implementation will determine to a large extent the future land use patterns and
intensities of development that will occur in Durham County with, or without, the proposed
U-0071 Individual Permit Application
17
project. The proposed East End Connector project is supported by, and consistent with, the local
land use plans and policies.
The potential development that may occur is expected to be primarily industrial and commercial
uses along with some in-fill and increased density of residential uses, which is consistent with the
local land use and growth management plans. Due to the urbanizing character of the southern
portion of the study area, local planning authorities anticipate that increased development will
continue in the southern portion of the County regardless of whether the proposed project is
constructed. Further, the primary function of the East End Connector facility is not to promote
development but to provide increased capacity and connectivity for freeway travel within the
southeastern region of Durham.
Corridor management plans help to preserve the overall function and intent of the highway
corridor and provide the greatest safety and operational benefits of the facility. The Durham City-
County governments have adopted land use policies and guidelines and zoning ordinances to
control the densities and types of development that are permitted to occur within the study area
and the County. The Urban Growth Area (UGA) was established to reflect limitations as to the
areas that will be provided with utility services and extensions in an effort to restrict
development within water supply watersheds. The Unified Development Ordinance (UDO) for
the Durham area contains the various development and permitting standards by which the zoning
regulations and development policies of the Durham Comprehensive Plan are implemented. The
UDO also specifies the environmental protection standards and permit regulations for the City
and County. The State Development Zone designation qualifies businesses for tax or franchise
tax credits. Most of the East End Connector study area located east of Angier Avenue and north
of Pleasant Drive is located within the State Development Zone.
WILD AND SCENIC RIVERS
This project will not impact any designated Wild and Scenic Rivers or any rivers included in the
list of study rivers (Public Law 90-542, as amended) or North Carolina Natural and Scenic
Rivers.
ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT
The project will not impact any essential fish habitat afforded protection under the
Magnuson-Stevens Act of 1996 (16 U.S.C 1801 et seq.).
REGULATORY APPROVALS
Application is hereby made for a Department of the Army Section 404 Individual Permit as
required for the above-described activities for the proposed T.I.P. Project U-0071.
We are also hereby requesting a Section 401 Water Quality Certification, North Carolina State
General Permit for Impacts to Isolated and Other Non-404 Jurisdictional Wetlands and Waters,
and a Neuse River Riparian Buffer Authorization from NCDWR. In compliance with Section
143-215.3D (e) of the NCAC, we will provide $570.00 to act as payment for processing the
U-0071 Individual Permit Application
18
Subject: Minutes from the Interagency 4B Hydraulic Design Review Meeting on
March 17, 2011 for U-0071 in Durham County
Team Members:
Eric Alsmeyer-USACE (present)
Gary Jordan-USFWS (absent)
Travis Wilson-NCWRC (present)
Rob Ridings-NCDWQ (present)
Chris Militscher- EPA (absent)
Felix Davila-FHWA (present)
Rachelle Beauregard-NEU (present)
Liza Mundt-PDEA (present)
Dennis Jernigan-Division 5 (absent)
The general introduction was initiated by Marshall Clawson. Introductions were made
by all in attendance.
Sheets 4 -8
No comments
Sheets 9
Investigate moving pipe outlet near STA 26+50 Right from discharging directly into the
wetlands (topography may not permit).
Sheets 10
Stream on parcel 184 Left of Y2 is disconnected/not continuous. There is concern that the
disconnected stream segment in a post construction environment may be a less favorable
scenario than mitigating any impacts for showing a proposed connection on the design. A
follow up field visit will be done by the CORP before 4C to determine the possibility of
reconnecting the channels.
For the Pond at –L S TA 123+00 (Parcels 82 & 84) some additional wetland limits have
been identified just upstream of the pond due to beaver activity. Site is considered an
isolated wetland.
Participants:
Wally Bowman, NCDOT Division 5
Marshall Clawson, NCDOT Hydraulics
Vincent Rivers, NCDOT Hydraulics
Mark Staley, NCDOT REU
Phil Harris, NCDOT NEU
Ron McCollum, NCDOT RDU
David Scheffel, NCDOT RDU
David Clodgo, NCDOT Roadway
Theo Beach, NCDOT Structures
Betsy Cox, NCDOT Structures
Julie Bollinger, NCDOT TPB
Monroe Brown, NCDOT Utilities
Roger Weadon, MA Engineering
Arvin Maniktala, MA Engineering
Bobby Porter, MA Engineering
Burke Evans, MA Engineering
Gail Kogut, MA Engineering
Sheet 11
An additional isolated wetland has been identified that will be impacted by the proposed
roadway fill (Note site is located within the existing power line easement near –L- STA
131+50).
Sheets 12-25
No comments
Meeting Adjourned
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6
9
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6
Water Supply V (WS-V)
Pr
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j
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N
o
.
:
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D
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.
:
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:
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)
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(
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US
7
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:
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half; 4 lane undivided highway w/ varying
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1
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:
4 lane divided highway w/ 10' shoulders
Ne
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No
n
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NC
D
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o
.
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p
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(
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v
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r
s
(
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S
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)
Nutrient Sensitive Waters (NSW)
Pr
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y
:
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t
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(
i
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)
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(F
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1
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1
3
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1
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2
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2
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R
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2
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1
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1
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)
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27
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l
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)
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s
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o
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(D
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l
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t
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f
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r
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s
e
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r
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v
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t
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r
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6
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m
99
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t
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t
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n
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9N
e
u
s
e
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r
e
a
m
St
r
e
a
m
Bu
f
f
e
r
In
t
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e
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t
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l
v
e
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t
27
-
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-
(
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)
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l
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di
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l
v
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x
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g
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n
(D
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UT
t
o
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i
t
t
l
e
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i
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k
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r
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e
k
9
27
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SwaleN/A
27
-
9
-
(
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UT
t
o
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t
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e
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c
k
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k
N/A
No
r
t
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C
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l
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p
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g
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m
27
-
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)
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s
s
o
l
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e
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x
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n
(D
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l
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t
27
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)
27
-
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)
27
-
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(D
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)
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t
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t
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k
Proposed SCM Swale N/APFSH N/AN/A
Fi
l
l
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4
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s
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27
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27
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27
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s
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(D
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De
s
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M
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f
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Bu
f
f
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r
27
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-
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27
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UT
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5
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9
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UT
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In
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In
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2
6
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4
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S-
1
8
S-
2
6
S-
2
6
S-
2
4
S-
1
8
S-
1
8
UT
t
o
L
i
t
t
l
e
L
i
c
k
C
r
e
e
k
(V
e
r
s
i
o
n
1
.
2
;
R
e
l
e
a
s
e
d
J
u
l
y
2
0
1
2
)
U-
0
0
7
1
Co
u
n
t
y
(
i
e
s
)
:
Du
r
h
a
m
Pa
g
e
3
o
f
7
Sh
e
e
t
No
.
St
a
t
i
o
n
(F
r
o
m
/
T
o
)
Fe
a
t
u
r
e
Im
p
a
c
t
e
d
Wa
t
e
r
/
W
e
t
l
a
n
d
/
Bu
f
f
e
r
T
y
p
e
Re
c
e
i
v
i
n
g
S
u
r
f
a
c
e
Wa
t
e
r
N
a
m
e
NR
T
R
M
a
p
ID
NC
D
W
Q
S
t
r
e
a
m
In
d
e
x
NC
D
W
Q
S
u
r
f
a
c
e
Wa
t
e
r
C
l
a
s
s
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
30
3
(
d
)
Im
p
a
i
r
m
e
n
t
s
Ty
p
e
o
f
Im
p
a
c
t
Existing SCM
Y7
R
P
A
2
2
+
3
4
RT
Y7
R
P
A
2
1
+
7
9
RT
Y6
1
7
+
0
0
R
T
Y6
1
7
+
5
7
R
T
Y4
2
0
+
2
7
L
T
Y4
2
2
+
3
1
L
T
Y6
2
1
+
5
0
R
T
Y6
2
2
+
2
7
R
T
Y4
2
4
+
4
0
R
T
Y4
2
5
+
5
9
R
T
Y2
2
8
+
5
0
L
T
Y2
2
7
+
9
5
L
T
Y2
2
6
+
6
9
R
T
Y2
2
7
+
8
7
L
T
Y4
3
5
+
0
0
R
T
Y4
3
5
+
9
1
L
T
Y4
3
6
+
1
8
R
T
Y4
3
4
+
8
3
R
T
L
1
1
0
+
0
1
R
T
Y4
3
5
+
5
1
L
T
L
1
2
2
+
9
3
R
T
L
1
2
3
+
0
4
L
T
L
1
3
3
+
0
4
L
T
L
1
3
3
+
6
3
L
T
L
1
3
3
+
6
2
R
T
L
1
3
3
+
2
0
L
T
L
1
3
2
+
1
4
R
T
L
1
3
2
+
5
0
R
T
L
1
3
1
+
9
5
L
T
L
1
3
2
+
3
8
L
T
DF
L
W
3
5
+
2
0
RT
DF
L
W
3
7
+
0
5
LT
DF
E
B
6
7
+
6
5
R
T
DF
L
W
5
2
+
6
6
L
T
S
T
O
R
M
W
A
T
E
R
M
A
N
A
G
E
M
E
N
T
P
L
A
N
FO
R
L
I
N
E
A
R
R
O
A
D
W
A
Y
P
R
O
J
E
C
T
S
27
-
9
-
(
.
5
)
N/A Dry Detention BasinProposed SCM
Ne
u
s
e
N/AN/A
27
-
9
-
(
.
5
)
27
-
9
-
(
.
5
)
10
Bu
f
f
e
r
Swale
Ne
u
s
e
N/A N/A
di
s
s
o
l
v
e
d
o
x
y
g
e
n
(D
O
)
27
-
9
-
(
.
5
)
Cu
l
v
e
r
t
Swale
12
S
t
r
e
a
m
P
e
r
e
n
n
i
a
l
We
t
l
a
n
d
10 10
W
e
t
l
a
n
d
10 11
Ne
u
s
e
We
t
l
a
n
d
Bu
f
f
e
r
N
e
u
s
e
Bu
f
f
e
r
We
t
l
a
n
d
St
r
e
a
m
I
n
t
e
r
m
i
t
t
e
n
t
Ne
u
s
e
Bu
f
f
e
r
di
s
s
o
l
v
e
d
o
x
y
g
e
n
(D
O
)
Fi
l
l
St
r
e
a
m
di
s
s
o
l
v
e
d
o
x
y
g
e
n
(D
O
)
27
-
9
-
(
.
5
)
Cu
l
v
e
r
t
N/A
*
L
i
s
t
a
l
l
s
t
r
e
a
m
a
n
d
s
u
r
f
a
c
e
w
a
t
e
r
i
m
p
a
c
t
l
o
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
r
e
g
a
r
d
l
e
s
s
o
f
j
u
r
i
s
d
i
c
t
i
o
n
o
r
s
i
z
e
.
10 10 11
U
n
k
n
o
w
n
di
s
s
o
l
v
e
d
o
x
y
g
e
n
(D
O
)
N/A
di
s
s
o
l
v
e
d
o
x
y
g
e
n
(D
O
)
In
t
e
r
m
i
t
t
e
n
t
N/A
Fi
l
l
9
di
s
s
o
l
v
e
d
o
x
y
g
e
n
(D
O
)
N/A Energy Dissipation N/A
27
-
9
-
(
.
5
)
27
-
9
-
(
.
5
)
Fi
l
l
di
s
s
o
l
v
e
d
o
x
y
g
e
n
(D
O
)
Su
r
f
a
c
e
W
a
t
e
r
I
m
p
a
c
t
s
Energy Dissipation
27
-
9
-
(
.
5
)
In
t
e
r
m
i
t
t
e
n
t
N/A N/A
UT
t
o
L
i
t
t
l
e
L
i
c
k
C
r
e
e
k
S
-
1
9
Swale
Fi
l
l
di
s
s
o
l
v
e
d
o
x
y
g
e
n
(D
O
)
27
-
9
-
(
.
5
)
Hi
g
h
w
a
y
S
t
o
r
m
w
a
t
e
r
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
9
27
-
9
-
(
.
5
)
di
s
s
o
l
v
e
d
o
x
y
g
e
n
(D
O
)
Cu
l
v
e
r
t
Un
k
n
o
w
n
2
7
-
9
-
(
.
5
)
Cu
l
v
e
r
t
WS
-
I
V
,
N
S
W
WS
-
I
V
,
N
S
W
WS
-
I
V
,
N
S
W
Pr
o
j
e
c
t
/
T
I
P
N
o
.
:
St
r
e
a
m
Swale
Fi
l
l
di
s
s
o
l
v
e
d
o
x
y
g
e
n
(D
O
)
WS
-
I
V
,
N
S
W
Fi
l
l
di
s
s
o
l
v
e
d
o
x
y
g
e
n
(D
O
)
UT
t
o
L
i
t
t
l
e
L
i
c
k
C
r
e
e
k
11
N/A
11
S
t
r
e
a
m
P
e
r
e
n
n
i
a
l
di
s
s
o
l
v
e
d
o
x
y
g
e
n
(D
O
)
9
Pr
o
j
e
c
t
E
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
S
u
m
m
a
r
y
N/A
WS
-
I
V
,
N
S
W
9
Bu
f
f
e
r
N
e
u
s
e
UT
t
o
L
i
t
t
l
e
L
i
c
k
C
r
e
e
k
S
-
1
9
WS
-
I
V
,
N
S
W
WS
-
I
V
,
N
S
W
WS
-
I
V
,
N
S
W
N/A
We
t
l
a
n
d
Fi
l
l
He
a
d
w
a
t
e
r
W
e
t
l
a
n
d
Bu
f
f
e
r
W-
2
8
Un
k
n
o
w
n
di
s
s
o
l
v
e
d
o
x
y
g
e
n
(D
O
)
27
-
9
-
(
.
5
)
27
-
9
-
(
.
5
)
F
i
l
l
Fi
l
l
WS
-
I
V
,
N
S
W
di
s
s
o
l
v
e
d
o
x
y
g
e
n
(D
O
)
A
l
l
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
S
C
M
s
l
i
s
t
e
d
m
u
s
t
a
l
s
o
b
e
l
i
s
t
e
d
u
n
d
e
r
S
w
a
l
e
s
,
P
r
e
f
o
r
m
e
d
S
o
u
r
H
o
l
e
s
a
n
d
o
t
h
e
r
E
n
e
r
g
y
D
i
s
s
i
p
a
t
o
r
s
,
o
r
O
t
h
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
w
at
e
r
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
M
e
a
s
u
r
e
s
.
13
16
-
4
1
-
1
-
1
7
-
(
.
3
)
N/A
27
-
9
-
(
.
5
)
Pe
r
e
n
n
i
a
l
WS
-
I
V
,
N
S
W
WS
-
V
,
N
S
W
UT
t
o
N
o
r
t
h
e
a
s
t
C
r
e
e
k
S
-
R
Un
k
n
o
w
n
2
7
-
9
-
(
.
5
)
N/A
di
s
s
o
l
v
e
d
o
x
y
g
e
n
(D
O
)
Fi
l
l
UT
t
o
L
i
t
t
l
e
L
i
c
k
C
r
e
e
k
W
-
P
X
UT
t
o
L
i
t
t
l
e
L
i
c
k
C
r
e
e
k
S
-
3
0
E
q
u
a
l
i
z
e
r
P
i
p
e
s
t
o
b
e
n
o
t
e
d
a
s
a
m
i
n
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
i
m
p
a
c
t
s
.
Fi
l
l
Cu
l
v
e
r
t
27
-
9
-
(
.
5
)
di
s
s
o
l
v
e
d
o
x
y
g
e
n
(D
O
)
No
n
e
WS
-
I
V
,
N
S
W
De
s
c
r
i
p
t
i
o
n
o
f
M
i
n
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
I
m
p
a
c
t
s
o
r
M
i
t
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
Re
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
s
WS
-
I
V
,
N
S
W
WS
-
I
V
,
N
S
W
WS
-
I
V
,
N
S
W
WS
-
I
V
,
N
S
W
WS
-
I
V
,
N
S
W
UT
t
o
L
i
t
t
l
e
L
i
c
k
C
r
e
e
k
S
-
1
8
UT
t
o
L
i
t
t
l
e
L
i
c
k
C
r
e
e
k
S
-
1
8
No
r
t
h
C
a
r
o
l
i
n
a
D
e
p
a
r
t
m
e
n
t
o
f
T
r
a
n
s
p
o
r
t
a
t
i
o
n
9
Fi
l
l
UT
t
o
L
i
t
t
l
e
L
i
c
k
C
r
e
e
k
S
-
1
6
UT
t
o
L
i
t
t
l
e
L
i
c
k
C
r
e
e
k
S
-
1
6
UT
t
o
L
i
t
t
l
e
L
i
c
k
C
r
e
e
k
S
-
1
6
UT
t
o
L
i
t
t
l
e
L
i
c
k
C
r
e
e
k
S
-
1
6
UT
t
o
L
i
t
t
l
e
L
i
c
k
C
r
e
e
k
W
-
8
W
-
1
0
a
UT
t
o
L
i
t
t
l
e
L
i
c
k
C
r
e
e
k
S
-
6
UT
t
o
L
i
t
t
l
e
L
i
c
k
C
r
e
e
k
S
-
6
UT
t
o
L
i
t
t
l
e
L
i
c
k
C
r
e
e
k
W
-
1
1
UT
t
o
L
i
t
t
l
e
L
i
c
k
C
r
e
e
k
St
r
e
a
m
(V
e
r
s
i
o
n
1
.
2
;
R
e
l
e
a
s
e
d
J
u
l
y
2
0
1
2
)
U-
0
0
7
1
Co
u
n
t
y
(
i
e
s
)
:
Du
r
h
a
m
Pa
g
e
4
o
f
7
Sh
e
e
t
No
.
St
a
t
i
o
n
(F
r
o
m
/
T
o
)
Fe
a
t
u
r
e
Im
p
a
c
t
e
d
Wa
t
e
r
/
W
e
t
l
a
n
d
/
Bu
f
f
e
r
T
y
p
e
Re
c
e
i
v
i
n
g
S
u
r
f
a
c
e
Wa
t
e
r
N
a
m
e
NR
T
R
M
a
p
ID
NC
D
W
Q
S
t
r
e
a
m
In
d
e
x
NC
D
W
Q
S
u
r
f
a
c
e
Wa
t
e
r
C
l
a
s
s
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
30
3
(
d
)
Im
p
a
i
r
m
e
n
t
s
Ty
p
e
o
f
Im
p
a
c
t
Existing SCM
US
7
0
F
L
Y
4
1
+
6
8
RT
US
7
0
F
L
Y
4
1
+
4
8
LT
US
7
0
F
L
Y
4
3
+
3
5
LT
US
7
0
F
L
Y
4
2
+
8
7
LT
EE
C
7
0
E
3
1
+
1
5
RT
US
7
0
F
L
Y
4
5
+
4
8
LT
US
7
0
F
L
Y
46
+
9
3
L
T
EE
C
7
0
E
3
0
+
5
6
RT
EE
C
7
0
E
3
1
+
0
9
RT
Y3
3
9
+
8
6
R
T
Y3
4
0
+
7
3
R
T
Y3
5
7
+
1
5
R
T
Y3
5
7
+
6
3
R
T
Y3
5
8
+
2
2
R
T
Y3
5
7
+
7
1
R
T
Y3
5
7
+
6
8
R
T
Y3
5
7
+
7
4
L
T
Y3
5
8
+
4
6
R
T
Y3
5
7
+
7
4
L
T
Y9
2
6
+
8
7
R
T
Y9
2
7
+
9
3
L
T
Y9
2
7
+
0
0
L
T
Y
9
2
7
+
9
3
L
T
S
T
O
R
M
W
A
T
E
R
M
A
N
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9/30/2013