NC0003573_Application Addendum_20211122

The Chemours Company
Chemours-
Fayetteville Works
22828 NC Highway 87 W
Fayetteville,NC 28306
7017 1450 0002 3902 3846
CERTIFIED MAIL ARTICLE NUMBER
RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED
November 16, 2021
Sergei Chernikov
NCDEQ Division of Water Resources
NPDES Unit
1617Mail Service Center
Raleigh,North Carolina 27699-1679
RE: Chemours Fayetteville Works Cooling Water Intake System NPDES Permit Application
Addendum
Dear Mr. Chernikov
The Chemours Company Fayetteville Works is submitting a Cooling Water Intake System
(CWIS)National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System(NPDES)Addendum to the North
Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) for the above reference facility. The
Cooling Water Intake System Best Technology Available (BTA) chosen by Chemours is the
"modified traveling screens". Chemours intends to replace the full intake screen mechanism
along with a fish return. It is planned to design and procure the modified traveling screens in
2022 with the installation of the screen system and fish return during a subsequent site
maintenance outage to be completed by year end 2024.
If you have any questions or need additional information,please contact Christel Compton at
[phone].
Sincerely,
419"1:77*„...
Dawn Hughes
Plant Manager
Chemours -Fayetteville Works
Enclosures

RECEIVED
• N( v 2 2 2021
NCDEQ/DWR/NPDtS
Chemours Fayetteville Cooling Water Intake
Structure NPDES Permit Application Addendum
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November 16, 2021
1

Fayetteville Works NPDES Permit Application Addendum
Introduction
The National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)application requirements for
facilities with cooling water intake structures(CWIS): Section 40 CFR 122.21(r)(1)(ii)of the
federal regulations states that all existing facilities must submit to the director for review the
information required under paragraphs(r)(2)and(3),and applicable provisions of(r)(4),(5),(6),
(7)and(8)of 122.21.This information consists of physical,biological and operational data for each
cooling water source,CWIS,and cooling water systems utilized at the facility.
The Chemours Company-Fayetteville Works withdraws less than 22 million gallons per day;
therefore,the site is not required to submit information under paragraphs(r)(9),(10),(11),(12)and
(13)or 122.21.Also,the facility does not have a new unit; thus,the site is not required to submit
information under paragraph(r)(14)of 122.21.
The Section 40 CFR 122.21(r)(1)(ii)of the federal regulations permit application requirements are
stated in italics with Chemours response in bolded non-italics script.
(r)(1)(ii)Existing facilities. (A)All existing facilities. The owner or operator of an existing facility defined
at 40 CFR 125.92(k) must submit to the Director for review the information required under paragraphs
(r)(2)and(3) of this section and applicable provisions of paragraphs (r)(4), (5), (6), (7), and(8) of this
section.
The information required under(r)(1)(ii)is provided below.
(r)(2)Source Water Physical Data. These include:
(r)(2)(i)A narrative description and scaled drawings showing the physical configuration of all source
water bodies used by your facility, including areal dimensions, depths, salinity and temperature regimes,
and other documentation that supports your determination of the water body type where each cooling
water intake structure is located;
(r)(2)(ii)Identification and characterization of the source waterbody's hydrological and
geomorphological features, as well as the methods you used to conduct any physical studies to determine
your intake's area of influence within the waterbody and the results of such studies;
(r)(2)(iii)Locational maps;and
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(r)(2)(iv)For new offshore oil and gas facilities that are not fixed facilities, a narrative description
and/or locational maps providing information on predicted locations within the waterbody during the
permit term in sufficient detail for the Director to determine the appropriateness of additional
impingement requirements under§125.134(b)(4).
The(r)(2)Source Water Physical data is provided in Appendix A,AECOM Report Titled
"40 CFR§122.21(r)(2)and(4)NPDES Application Requirements for Facilities with
Cooling Water Intake Structures."
(r)(3) Cooling water intake structure data. These include:
(r)(3)(i)A narrative description of the configuration of each of your cooling water intake structures and
where it is located in the water body and in the water column;
Fayetteville Works has one water intake structure. Raw intake water is supplied from the
Cape Fear River through a 180-foot intake canal that flows perpendicular to the riverbank
and feeds a triangular shoreline intake structure.The concrete triangular structure
includes a removable grate(with 3-inch x 3/8-inch vertical flat bars with pipe spares and 1-
inch diameter through-bolts at 2 feet-6 inches on center)that is 16 feet wide by 10.5 feet
high.Upstream of the removable grate(on the river side of the grate),the intake channel
has a trapezoidal configuration.Downstream of the removable grate,water is directed
through a 6-foot diameter,approximately 100-foot-long,reinforced concrete pipe(RCP)
intake tunnel to the on-shore water intake structure,which includes a traveling water
screen and a pumphouse.
Per the design drawings,elevation of the bottom of the intake structure is 3.0 feet. Low
water depth is 11.0 feet,normal water depth is 28.9 feet,and flood depth is 72.5 feet.The
center line of the 6-foot diameter transfer pipe is 11 feet.The ground level operating
platform is 75.0 feet.Please see appendix C for intake drawings.
The following intake locational maps are provided in Appendix A,AECOM Report Titled
"40 CFR§122.21(r) (2)and (4)NPDES Application Requirements for Facilities with
Cooling Water Intake Structures."
• Google Maps.2019.Chemours Fayetteville Works Plant,aerial view of the general
location.
• Provided by Chemours as an attachment to the July 1,2019 Request for Proposal.
Google Maps.2019. Chemours Fayetteville Works Plant,aerial view indicating
cooling water intake structure and outfall structure locations.Provided by
Chemours as an attachment to the July 1,2019 Request for Proposal.
• Google Maps.2019. Chemours Fayetteville Works Plant,close-up aerial view of the
cooling water intake structure.Provided by Chemours as an attachment to the July
1,2019 Request for Proposal.
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• United States Geological Survey.2016.US Topo Map,Duart Quadrangle.
• United States Army Corps of Engineers Wilmington District.2016.Hydrographic
Survey Map,Cape Fear Above Mile 94-97.Cape Fear River,North Carolina.
•
(r)(3)(ii)Latitude and longitude in degrees, minutes, and seconds for each of your cooling water intake
structures; 34°50' 58"N 78°50' 38"W
(r)(3)(iii)A narrative description of the operation of each of your cooling water intake structures,
including design intake flows, daily hours of operation, number of days of the year in operation and
seasonal changes, if applicable;
The original design intake flow is 30.2 MGD. Due to infrastructure limitations(electrical,
pumps,traveling screens,transfer pipe),the usable maximum capacity is 22.0 MGD.Based
on 2020 data,the maximum daily intake was 21.4 MGD and the annual average was
15.3MGD.
There is one traveling screen at the intake,made by Link Belt. The screen removes debris
from the river water,and the water is then pumped to the operating areas.Three river
water pumps are utilized.(One 10,000 gpm fixed rate,one 10,000 gpm variable rate,and
one 5,000 gpm fixed rate). Typically,the 10,000 gpm variable rate pump and the 5,000 gpm
fixed rate pumps are used to supply the Plant.The variable flow pump is adjusted to
regulate flow based on demand. A bypass that directs excess flow to the outfall is used
during low cooling water demands or when both large pumps are operating due to
maintenance requirements on the small pump.The Chemours Fayetteville Plant operates
24 hours a day,7 days a week. Once every 1-2 years,a complete plant shutdown takes
place,during this time,all river water pumps are shut down.
There are seasonal changes to the quality and temperature of the river water. In the peak
of the summer,water temperature is recorded in the 80's°F while in the peak of the winter
season,water temperature is recorded in the 40's°F. The amount of the river water intake
also depends on other factors,such as production level.
(r)(3)(iv)A flow distribution and water balance diagram that includes all sources of water to the facility,
recirculating flows, and discharges; and
A water balance addressing the sources of water,recirculating flows,and discharges is
attached in Appendix B. The Cape Fear River is the only source for cooling water,and
water is discharged back to the Cape Fear River though Outfall 002 under NPDES Permit
NC0003573.
(r)(3)(v)Engineering drawings of the cooling water intake structure.
See Appendix C for the intake structure engineering drawings.
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(r)(4)Source water baseline biological characterization data. This information is required to
characterize the biological community in the vicinity of the cooling water intake structure and to
characterize the operation of the cooling water intake structures. The Director may also use this
information in subsequent permit renewal proceedings to determine if your Design and Construction
Technology Plan as required in $125.86(b)(4) or $125.136(b)(3) of this chapter should be revised. This
supporting information must include existing data(if they are available). However,you may supplement
the data using newly conducted field studies if you choose to do so. The information you submit must
include:
(r)(4)(i)A list of the data in paragraphs (r)(4)(ii) through (vi) of this section that are not available and
efforts made to identO,sources of the data;
(r)(4)(ii)A list of species (or relevant taxa)for all life stages and their relative abundance in the vicinity
of the cooling water intake structure;
(r)(4)(iii)Identification of the species and life stages that would be most susceptible to impingement and
entrainment. Species evaluated should include the forage base as well as those most important in terms of
significance to commercial and recreational fisheries;
(r)(4)(iv)Identification and evaluation of the primary period of reproduction, larval recruitment, and
period of peak abundance for relevant taxa;
(r)(4)(v)Data representative of the seasonal and daily activities(e.g.,feeding and water column
migration) of biological organisms in the vicinity of the cooling water intake structure;
(r)(4)(vi)Identification of all threatened, endangered, and other protected species that might be
susceptible to impingement and entrainment at your cooling water intake structures;
(r)(4)(vii)Documentation of any public participation or consultation with Federal or State agencies
undertaken in development of the plan;and
(r)(4)(viii)If you supplement the information requested in paragraph (r)(4)(i) of this section with data
collected using field studies, supporting documentation for the Source Water Baseline Biological
Characterization must include a description of all methods and quality assurance procedures for
sampling, and data analysis including a description of the study area; taxonomic identification of
sampled and evaluated biological assemblages (including all life stages offish and shellfish);and
sampling and data analysis methods. The sampling and/or data analysis methods you use must be
appropriate for a quantitative survey and based on consideration of methods used in other biological
studies performed within the same source water body. The study area should include, at a minimum, the
area of influence of the cooling water intake structure.
(r)(4)(ix)In the case of the owner or operator of an existing facility or new unit at an existing facility, the
Source Water Baseline Biological Characterization Data is the information in paragraphs (r)(4)(i)
through (xii) of this section.
(r)(4)(x)For the owner or operator of an existing facility, identification of protective measures and
stabilization activities that have been implemented, and a description of how these measures and
activities affected the baseline water condition in the vicinity of the intake.
5

(r)(4)(xi)For the owner or operator of an existing facility, a list offragile species, as defined at 40 CFR
125.92(m), at the facility. The applicant need only identib,those species not already identified as fragile
at 40 CFR 125.92(m). New units at an existing facility are not required to resubmit this information if the
cooling water withdrawals for the operation of the new unit are from an existing intake.
(r)(4)(xii)For the owner or operator of an existing facility that has obtained incidental take exemption or
authorization for its cooling water intake structures)from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service or the
National Marine Fisheries Service, any information submitted in order to obtain that exemption or
authorization may be used to satisfy the permit application information requirement of paragraph 40
CFR 125.95(f) if included in the application.
The(r)(4)Source water baseline biological characterization data. Source Water Physical
data is provided in Appendix A,AECOM Report Titled"40 CFR§122.21(r)(2)and(4)
NPDES Application Requirements for Facilities with Cooling Water Intake Structures."
(r)(5) Cooling Water System Data. The owner or operator of an existing facility must submit the following
information for each cooling water intake structure used or intended to be used:
(r)(5)(i)A narrative description of the operation of the cooling water system and its relationship to
cooling water intake structures; the proportion of the design intake flow that is used in the system; the
number of days of the year the cooling water system is in operation and seasonal changes in the
operation of the system, if applicable; the proportion of design intake flow for contact cooling, non-
contact cooling, and process uses; a distribution of water reuse to include cooling water reused as
process water,process water reused or cooling, and the use o waterfor cooling; a description
.f f gray P of
reductions in total water withdrawals including cooling water intake flow reductions already achieved
through minimized process water withdrawals; a description of any cooling water that is used in a
manufacturing process either before or after it is used for cooling, including other recycled process water
flows; the proportion of the source waterbody withdrawn (on a monthly basis);
The intake water from the Cape Fear River is mainly used for non-contact cooling with the
remained used for steam generation and demineralized water production. There are a total
of three river water pumps,two 10,000 gallon per minute and one 5,000 gallon per minute.
Typically,one large pump and the small pump are running at any time. If maintenance is
being performed on the small pump,the two large pumps will be run. Excess flow is
controlled by 1) reducing pump output via a variable frequency motor on one big pump
and/or 2)opening a bypass valve that discharges to Outfall 002. A 36-inch pipe connects the
river water pumps to the operating areas. The Fayetteville Plant operates 24 hours a day,7
days a week. There are seasonal changes to the quality and temperature of the river water.
In the peak of the summer,water temperature is recorded in the 80's°F while in the peak of
the winter season,water temperature is recorded in the 40's°F. The amount of the river
water intake also depends on other factors,such as production level.
92.7% of the intake water is used as non-contact cooling water,5.6% is converted into
filtered water and primarily used as non-contact cooling water,0.3% is lost in the filtered
water process,and 1.4% is converted into demineralized water for use in steam generation
and process uses.There is no process water reused for cooling,no cooling water reused for
process water,and no gray water for cooling.
(r)(5)(ii)Design and engineering calculations prepared by a qualified professional and supporting data
to support the description required by paragraph(r)(5)(i) of this section;
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All calculations and data are documented in Appendix D
(r)(5)(iii)Description of existing impingement and entrainment technologies or operational measures and
a summary of their performance, including but not limited to reductions in impingement mortality and
entrainment due to intake location and reductions in total water withdrawals and usage.
There are no existing impingement and entrainment technologies,or operational measures
deployed at the intake structure.
(r)(6) Chosen Method(s) of Compliance with Impingement Mortality Standard. The owner or operator of
the facility must identify the chosen compliance method for the entire facility;alternatively, the applicant
must identi the chosen compliance method or each coolingwater intake structure at its facility. The
.f' P .f f ty
applicant must identify any intake structure for which a BTA determination for Impingement Mortality
under 40 CFR 125.94(c)(11) or(12) is requested. In addition, the owner or operator that chooses to
comply via 40 CFR 125.94(c)(5) or.(0j must also submit an impingement technology performance
optimization study as described below:
(r)(6)(i)If the applicant chooses to comply with 40 CFR 125.94(c)(5), subject to the flexibility for timing
provided in 40 CFR 125.95(a)(2), the impingement technology performance optimization study must
include two years of biological data collection measuring the reduction in impingement mortality
achieved by the modified traveling screens as defined at 40 CFR 125.92(s)and demonstrating that the
operation has been optimized to minimize impingement mortality.A complete description of the modified
traveling screens and associated equipment must be included, including,for example, type of mesh, mesh
slot size,pressure sprays and f fish return mechanisms.A description of any biological data collection and
data collection approach used in measuring impingement mortality must be included:
(r)(6)(i)(A) Collecting data no less frequently than monthly. The Director may establish more frequent
data collection;
(r)(6)(i)(B)Biological data collection representative of the impingement and the impingement mortality at
the intakes subject to this provision;
(r)(6)(i)(C)A taxonomic identification to the lowest taxon possible of all organisms collected;
(r)(6)(i)(D) The method in which naturally moribund organisms are identified and taken into account;
(r)(6)(i)(E) The method in which mortality due to holding times is taken into account;
(r)(6)(i)(F)If the facility entraps fish or shellfish, a count of entrapment, as defined at 40 CFR 125.92(j),
as impingement mortality;and
(r)(6)(i)(G) The percent impingement mortality reflecting optimized operation of the modified traveling
screen and all supporting calculations.
The Fayetteville Plant intends to comply with 40 CFR 125.94(c)(5).A new traveling screen
will be installed which includes a fish return mechanism that meet the BTA requirements.
The proposed system will meet the 40 CFR 125.94(c)(5)"modified traveling screen". In
general,the design of"modified traveling screen"will consist of:
7

• Near rear fish and debris troughs,
• New Extended head section and framework,
• New dual fish spray headers and auxiliary fish heads
o Dual fish—176 GPM @ 15 psi
o Auxiliary—70 gpm @ 7 psi
• New high strength fish baskets,adding non-metallic seal plates between the baskets
and chain and seal across of the boot section.
This is how the proposed traveling screen works: fish and debris removal functions of the
traveling water screen are separated with dedicated spray heads and troughs for each. Fish
is removed on the upper rear descending side of the screen. The fish is lifted to the
operating floor level in a watertight fish bucket which is integral with bottom member of
each screen basket. The fish is discharged by sliding off the basket,aided by a low-pressure
spray which should gently flush the fish from the tray into a trough for sluicing to the
source water. Troughing is used to send fish from the screen discharge back to the water
source.Chemours is also evaluating the possibility of replacing the current water intake
screen structure incorporating the above BTA requirements.
A two-year biological data collection measuring the reduction in impingement mortality
achieved by the proposed traveling screen and demonstrating that the operation has been
optimized to minimize impingement mortality will be conducted as part of the installation.
The Chemours Fayetteville Plant proposes to install the new traveling screen within 3 years
after the new NPDES Permit is issued,and the biological data collection will be initiated
after the installation is complete.
(r)(6)(ii)If the applicant chooses to comply with 40 CFR 125.94(c)(6), the impingement technology
performance optimization study must include biological data measuring the reduction in impingement
mortality achieved by operation of the system of technologies, operational measures and best
management practices, and demonstrating that operation of the system has been optimized to minimize
impingement mortality. This system of technologies, operational measures and best management
practices may include flow reductions, seasonal operation, unit closure, credit for intake location, and
behavioral deterrent systems. The applicant must document how each system element contributes to the
system's performance. The applicant must include a minimum of two years of biological data measuring
the reduction in impingement mortality achieved by the system. The applicant must also include a
description of any sampling or data collection approach used in measuring the rate of impingement,
impingement mortality, or flow reductions
The Chemours Fayetteville Plant chooses to comply with 40 CFR 125.949(C)(5); therefore,
this paragraph is not applicable.
(r)(6)(ii)(A)Rate of Impingement. If the demonstration relies in part on a credit for reductions in the rate
of impingement in the system, the applicant must provide an estimate of those reductions to be used as
credit towards reducing impingement mortality, and any relevant supporting documentation, including
previously collected biological data,performance reviews, and previously conducted performance studies
not already submitted to the Director. The submission of studies more than 10 years old must include an
explanation of why the data are still relevant and representative of conditions at the facility and explain
how the data should be interpreted using the definitions of impingement and entrapment at 40 CFR
125.92(n)and fa, respectively. The estimated reductions in rate of impingement must be based on a
comparison of the system to a once-through cooling system with a traveling screen whose point of
withdrawal from the surface water source is located at the shoreline of the source waterbody. For
8

impoundments that are waters of the United States in whole or in part, the facility's rate of impingement
must be measured at a location within the cooling water intake system that the Director deems
appropriate. In addition, the applicant must include two years of biological data collection demonstrating
the rate of impingement resulting from the system. For this demonstration, the applicant must collect data
no less frequently than monthly. The Director may establish more frequent data collection.
(r)(6)(ii)(B)Impingement Mortality. If the demonstration relies in part on a credit for reductions in
impingement mortality already obtained at the facility, the applicant must include two years of biological
data collection demonstrating the level of impingement mortality the system is capable of achieving. The
applicant must submit any relevant supporting documentation, including previously collected biological
data,performance reviews, and previously conducted performance studies not already submitted to the
Director. The applicant must provide a description of any sampling or data collection approach used in
measuring impingement mortality. In addition,for this demonstration the applicant must:
(r)(6)(ii)(B)(1) Collect data no less frequently than monthly. The Director may establish more frequent
data collection;
(r)(6)(ii)(B)(2) Conduct biological data collection that is representative of the impingement and the
impingement mortality at an intake subject to this provision. In addition, the applicant must describe how
the location of the cooling water intake structure in the waterbody and the water column are accounted
for in the of data collection;
points
(r)(6)(ii)(B)(3)Include a taxonomic identification to the lowest taxon possible of all organisms to be
collected;
(r)(6)(ii)(B)(4)Describe the method in which naturally moribund organisms are identified and taken into
account;
(r)(6)(ii)(B)(5)Describe the method in which mortality due to holding times is taken into account;and
(r)(6)(ii)(B)(6)If the facility entraps fish or shellfish, a count of the entrapment, as defined at 40 CFR
125.92(1), as impingement mortality.
(r)(6)(ii)(C)Flow reduction. If the demonstration relies in part on flow reduction to reduce impingement,
the applicant must include two years of intake flows, measured daily, as part of the demonstration, and
describe the extent to which flow reductions are seasonal or intermittent. The applicant must document
how the flow reduction results in reduced impingement. In addition, the applicant must describe how the
reduction in impingement has reduced impingement mortality.
(r)(6)(ii)(D) Total system performance. The applicant must document the percent impingement mortality
reflecting optimized operation of the total system of technologies, operational measures, and best
management practices and all supporting calculations. The total system performance is the combination
of the impingement mortality performance reflected in paragraphs (r)(6)(ii)(A), (B), and(C) of this
section.
(r)(8) Operational Status. The owner or operator of an existing facility must submit a description of the
operational status of each generating,production, or process unit that uses cooling water, including but
not limited to:
9

(r)(8)(i)For power production or steam generation, descriptions of individual unit operating status
including age of each unit, capacity utilization rate (or equivalent)for the previous 5 years, including any
extended or unusual outages that significantly affect current data for flow, impingement, entrainment, or
other factors, including identification of any operating unit with a capacity utilization rate of less than 8
percent averaged over a 24-month block contiguous period, and any major upgrades completed within
the last 15 years, including but not limited to boiler replacement, condenser replacement, turbine
replacement, or changes to fuel type;
Less than 1% of the water drawn from the Cape Fear River is used in steam generation.
Seasonal swings in steam usage do not affect current data for flow,impingement,
entrainment,or other factors listed above.
Description of steam generation units:
• Boiler 1: The boiler is an 0 type,two drum(upper steam drum and lower mud
drum)package boiler built by Erie City Iron Works in 1969.It has a maximum
design pressure of 350 psi and a saturated steam generation capacity of 113,000
lbs/hr at a header pressure of 270 psi.The Boiler burn natural gas for vaporizing
water into steam.
• Boiler 2: The boiler is an 0 type,two drum(upper steam drum and lower mud
drum)package boiler built by Zurn Industries in 1982.It has a maximum design
pressure of 350 psi and a saturated steam generation capacity of 70,000 lbs/hr at a
header pressure of 270 psi.The boiler burns natural gas for vaporizing water into
steam.
Description of Utilization: Combined capacity is 183,000 lbs/hr of steam generation.
Average Annual Steam Production and Utilization by boiler by year:
Average Steam Production
Year 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016
(Jan-Sept)
Boiler 1 (kpph) 35.34 46.89 47.55 55.12 66.85 61.30
-Utilization 31% 41% 42% 49% 59% 54%
Boiler 2(kpph) 18.93 8.79 9.97 5.30 3.94 6.61
-Utilization 27% 13% 14% 8% 6% 9%
Overall steam production has declined over the past two years due to reduced consumption
by an on-site tenant.Steam demand is significantly reduced during the summer months
resulting in low demand for Boiler 2 during the 2016 through 2018 time periods. Boiler fuel
was changed from fuel oil to natural gas in 2012.
10

(r)(8)(ii)Descriptions of completed, approved, or scheduled uprates and Nuclear Regulatory Commission
relicensing status of each unit at nuclear facilities;
Not Applicable
(r)(8)(iii)For process units at your facility that use cooling water other than for power production or
steam generation, if you intend to use reductions in flow or changes in operations to meet the
requirements of 40 CFR 125.94(c), descriptions of individual production processes and product lines,
operating status including age of each line, seasonal operation, including any extended or unusual
outages that significantly affect current data for flow, impingement, entrainment, or other factors, any
major upgrades completed within the last 15 years, and plans or schedules for decommissioning or
replacement of process units or production processes and product lines;
Not applicable
(r)(8)(v)For all manufacturing facilities, descriptions of current and future production schedules; and
The Fayetteville Plant manufactures a variety of intermediates and products and hosts two
tenants who also produce intermediates and products. The manufacturing plants operate
24 hours a day,7 days a week and are expected to maintain this schedule in the future.
About once every 1-2 years,the entire plant is shutdown to conduct plantwide maintenance.
(r)(8)(v)Descriptions of plans or schedules for any new units planned within the next 5 years.
As of this writing,additional Chemours manufacturing units that would require additional
cooling water capability are in the study stage.
11

Appendix A
See separate document:
AECOM Report Titled"40 CFR§122.21(r)(2)and(4)NPDES Application Requirements
for Facilities with Cooling Water Intake Structures."
12

Appendix B
13

Chemours Company- Fayetteville Works NPDES Permit tdo. 1/0003573
FORM 2C SECTION 2:LINE DRAWING ATTACHMENT B.1
WATER BALANCE(Revised 12.15.2020j NPOES PERMIT RENEWAL APPLICATION
Chemours Company•Fayetteville Works
Flow Units,Gallons per Day NPDES Permit No.NC0003573
The overall flow basis was based on site flows from Dec 2017•May 2020.Chemours is proposing additional wastewater to the discharged to the wastewater treatment plant
and KurarayTrosifiW. has changed its manufacturing operations from a wet process to a dry process which reduced cooling water river flows and wastewater flow
to the wastewater treatment plant.In addition DuPont plans to increase production with an increase in wastewater flow to the wastewater treatment plant.
In add Rion some small changes to other flow rates were made
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18

Appendix D
19

Intake Water Temperature (2020)
1/31/2020 9:15:04 PM 7/22/2020 11.53:17 AMj
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Name Data Source Map Description Value Level Status ALA Plot Mu, Plot Max Units Shift TZ Type Period Method
875TT FARS7 PMCAnalogt RIVER N20 TEMP 46.78 Good Good ; :.' 25.00 120,00 DEG F 0 0:00:C Average 1 Day Value
20

Daily Inflow and Outflow (2020 mg/d)
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Day In Flow Outflow In Flow Outflow In Flow Outflow In Flow Outflow In Flow Outflow In Flow Outflow In Flow Outflow In Flow Outflow In Flow Outflow In Flow Outflow In Flow Outflow In Flow Outflow
1 21.461 21.811 15.600 21.811 14.997 21.709 17.846 22.982 16.791 22.325 19.354 23.921 17.194 21.196 16.493 20.433 16.646 16.645_ 16.189 15.939 10.924 8.431 15.089 16.598
2 21.412 22.722 15.563 22.722 14.918 22.454 17.736 22.466 16.501 22.582 19.325 23.614 17.496 21.976 16.454 20.088 16.058 15.946 16.033 15.761 10.867 8.094 14.971 16.686
3 20.841 23.525 15.440 23.525 14.791 21.827 17.677 23.416 16.748 20.614 19.427 23.74 17.114 22.07 16.403 27.079 16.099 15.708 15.964 15.679 10.878 8.11 14.850 16.886
4 20.794 22.282 15.489 22.282 14.851 22.802 17.594 22.626 17.169 22.528 19.344 23.581 16.813 18.766 16.262_ 20.674 16.289 15.658 16.099 14.393 10.896 8.391 14.735 17.066
5 20.788 23.387 15.360 23.387 14.982 22.888 17.489 22.854 17.011 24.084 19.273 25.982 16.880 20.784 15.815 19.997 16.571 15.557 15.876 15.223 11.237 9.084 14.830 16.612
6 16.291 31.991 15.453 31.991 15.118 21.727 17.334 22.55 17.155 21.839 19.255 23.854 16.803 20.647 15.876 20.799 16.697 16.149 15.798 15.438 11.192 9.84 14.822 16.564
7 15.360 24.978 16.069 24.978 14.885 21.558 17.547 22.251 16.872 22.586 17.691 22.702 17.095 21.053 16.033 22.227 16.378 16.258 15.779 15.074 11.622 9.058 14.909 16.56
8 15.447 22.708 16.448 22.708 14.894 21.698 17.065 22.535 16.784 20.685 17.361 22.000 17.011 21.107 15.753 18.82 16.355 14.265 17.565 16.72 11.807 10.099 14.858 16.764
9 15.381 22.855 16.500 22.855 14.638 22.174 16.378 22.628 16.809 22.515 17.524 20.037 16.808 20.989 16.824 20.229 16.548 16.692 17.316 16.199 11.918 11.512 14.811 16.742
10 15.324 25.086 16.377 25.086 14.674 21.797 16.322 22.003 17.068 21.806 17.787 22.095 16.852 25.966 17.081 23.917 16.365 15.813 4.22 11.808 9.663 14.789 16.589
11 15.150 21.303 15.964 21.303 14.717 21.803 16.318 21.474 17.880 22.404 17.900 29.834 17.108 20.115 16.306 19.847 16.429 16.289 0.97 11.828 28.955 14.722 17.33
12 15.089 23.221 15.684 23.221 14.968 22.318 16.261 20.858 17.331 22.772 17.857 23.388 17.134 20.723 16.364 19.13 16.416 15.823 0 13.195 31.564 14.904 16.572
13 14.893 22.81 15.703 22.81 15.050 23.675 16.219 20.83 17.064 22.161 17.996 22.917 16.226 21.029 16.778 19.975 16.417 14.896 0 13.602 12.077 14.902 16.568
14 14.977 23.009 15.755 23.009 15.079 21.694 16.227 22.766 17.744 22.607 18.035 22.104 16.213 20.617 16.582 20.095 16.156 15.426 0 13.524 12.664 14.750 17.28
15 15.817 23.333 15.857 23.333 15.056 21.542 16.197 21.398 17.794 22.857 17.488 36.533 16.109 20.512 16.579 20.136 16.011 15.521 River 0 13.538 11.14 14.797 16.776
Water
16 16.189 22.194 15.792 22.194 14.908 22.264 16.110 20.716 16.564 22.975 16.735 21.459 16.274 20.054 16.015 17.735 16.012 16.078 Pumps 0 13.286 9.922 14.774 17.496
17 16.137 23.639 15.323 23.639 14.915 21.811 16.050 21.805 16.358 20.315 16.955 20.796 16.727 21.364 17.090 21.825 15.983 22.1 Down 0 13.547 11.687 14.808 16.611
18 15.928 22.211 15.068 22.211 14.859 21.674 16.337 21.658 16.070 22.378 16.975 21.407 16.561 20.953 16.959 19.64 15.942 15.331 0 13.353 9.87 14.766 17.094
19 15.775 21.819 15.186 21.819 14.923 23.36 16.719 21.646 16.059 21.358 16.918 22.566 16.272 20.164 17.059 19.621 15.813 14.621 5.670 13.308 9.97 14.779 18.61
20 15.772 25.239 16.924 25.239 14.943 23.36 16.780 22.78 15.763 26.532 17.148 21.639 16.598 22.121 17.436 20.281 16.354 17.148 9.774 14.466 15.061 14.800 18.881
21 15.679 22.608 16.486 22.608 14.941 20.68 16.859 21.726 16.478 22.4 17.311 20.486 17.235 22.056 16.645 18.596 16.272 15.578 7.220 14.969 17.103 14.815 13.142
22 15.529 22.955 15.551 22.955 14.985 22.367 16.963 21.898 17.345 22.957 17.087 23.588 17.092 20.991 16.591 16.591 16.236 15.769 10.562 14.831 20.381 14.589 16.779
23 15.545 22.029 15.332 22.029 16.876 21.897 16.851 22.074 17.421 22.551 17.272 19.439 17.150 22.59 16.720 17.841 16.254 16.155 11.333 14.829 11.412 14.693 17.368
H istori
24 15.458 22.894 15.261 22.894 16.870 24.259 17.082 22.289 17.745 22.763 17.418 21.248 16.785 20.816 16.633 18.292 16.157 15.875 an 11.729 14.800 19.034 14.380 21.238
25 15.484 22.16 15.167 22.16 16.749 22.396 16.980 21.89 17.914 21.133 17.358 13.213 16.651 20.59 16.817 18.609 16.132 24.287 Down 10.736 15.064 16.964 14.439 16.834
26 15.660 22.136 15.155 22.136 16.872 22.751 16.951 21.694 17.856 22.767 17.521 17.967 16.618 21.138 16.918 18.153 16.164 16.309 11.121 15.152 17.811 14.435 18.475
27 15.828 22.28 15.222 22.28 17.917 23.518 17.036 22.293 17.645 23.804 17.552 34.555 16.652 20.93 17.231 19.213 16.058 16.984 9.076 10.383 15.008 16.463 14.391 14.162
28 16.681 22.771 15.176 22.771 17.370 22.553 16.888 22.158 17.793 23.34 17.709 20.82 16.655 21.214 17.401 21.374 16.043 16.852. 9.569 8.059 15.030 16.903 13.859 15.241
29 15.506 22.079 15.162 22.079 17.297 22.247 17.107 24.192 16.987 23.97 17.805 21.335 16.607 20.435 17.095_ 16.417 15.408 22.32 9.835 8.841 15.071 18.29 14.463 17.162
30 15.537 18.243 22.985 16.751 25.267 17.678 22.461 17.459 21.977 16.489 21.322 16.817 16.948 16.139 16.25 10.141 8.243 15.118 17.026 14.536 16.588
31 15.599 18.054 23.089 17.575 22.366 16.716 20.364 16.710 16.842 10.789 9.154 14.488 18.689
21

RECEIVED� ED
^nV222021
NCDEQ/DVVFt1N'LtS
40 CFR §122.21(r) (2) and (4)
NPDES APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS FOR
FACILITIES WITH COOLING WATER INTAKE
STRUCTURES
for
Chemours Fayetteville Works
Fayetteville, North Carolina
Technical Consultants:
AECOM
February 28, 2020

Table of Contents
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
2.0 §122.21(R)(2)—SOURCE WATER PHYSICAL DATA 2
2.1 Source Waterbody Narrative Description 2
2.2 Hydrological and Geomorphological Features 3
2.2.1 Hydrology and Geomorphology 3
2.2.2 Area of Influence 4
2.3 Locational Maps 5
2.4 New Offshore Oil and Gas Facilities 5
3.0 §122.21(RX4)—SOURCE WATER BASELINE BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION DATA 6
3.1 Unavailable Data 6
3.2 Taxa in the Vicinity of the CWIS 6
3.3 Species and Life Stages Susceptible to Impingement&Entrainment 7
3.4 Periods of Reproduction, Recruitment, and Peak Abundance 8
3.5 Seasonal and Daily Activities 10
3.6 Threatened,Endangered, and Other Protected Species 12
3.6.1 Federally Protected Species 12
3.6.2 State-Protected Species 12
3.7 Public Participation and Agency Consultation 14
3.8 Supplemental Field Studies 14
3.9 Regulatory Requirement 14
3.10 Protective Measures and Stabilization Activities Near the Intake 14
3.11 Fragile Species 14
3.12 Incidental Take Exemption or Authorization 15
4.0 REFERENCES 16
5.0 ATTACHMENTS 19
Pagel

List of Tables
Table 2-1: Average Water Quality Measurements from the Cape Fear River near the
CWIS 2
Table 3-1: Fish Species Collected in the Cape Fear River near the Fayetteville Works
CWIS 6
Table 3-2: Factors Affecting Susceptibility to Impingement and Entrainment 7
Table 3-3: State-listed Endangered, Threatened, and Special Concern Aquatic
Species in Cumberland and Bladen Counties 12
List of Figures
Figure 2-1: Cape Fear River Annual Average Discharge at USGS station 02105500 4
List of Attachments
Attachment A:Locational Maps
Attachment B:Threatened and Endangered Species Information

1.0 INTRODUCTION
The Chemours Company Fayetteville Works Plant(Fayetteville Works)is located in Fayetteville, Bladen
County, North Carolina and is owned and operated by The Chemours Company FC LLC (Chemours).
Fayetteville Works is a manufacturing facility that resides on a 2,150-acre site that produces
fluoropolymers,NafionT"' membranes, and intermediates used in the production of VitonT"',Teflon`"',and
KrytoxTM (Chemours 2019). Chemours operates a cooling water intake structure (CWIS) in Cumberland
County to withdraw non-contact cooling water from the Cape Fear River for use in the Chemours
manufacturing process.
The facility has a North Carolina Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit (NC0003573) that
regulates intake and discharge of waters used for non-contact cooling. It is also subject to the National
Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Final Regulations to Establish Requirements for Cooling Water
Intake Structures at Existing Facilities and Amend Requirements at Phase I Facilities(Existing Facilities
Rule)requirements at 40 CFR§122.21(r)for facilities with CWISs since it meets the following three criteria
stated in§125.91(a):
• The facility is a point source;
• The facility uses or proposes to use one or more CWISs with a cumulative design intake flow(DIF)
of greater than 2 million gallons per day (MGD) to withdraw water from waters of the United
States; and
• Twenty-five percent or more of the water the facility withdraws on an actual intake flow (AIF)
basis is used exclusively for cooling purposes.
The Fayetteville Works CWIS includes #14 size and 304 stainless steel wire with narrow-slot(0.25-inch)
openings on vertical traveling screen panels, each panel 2-feet wide and 5-feet long. Water is drawn into
the facility at a design intake flow of up to 21.6 MGD(actual intake flow is 17.3 MGD[Chemours 2020]).
Source water physical and baseline biological data are provided for the CWIS in the following sections.
This document is intended to:
• Fulfill the regulatory requirement for submittal of§122.21(r)(2)and(4)information for Fayetteville
Works,an existing facility subject to the 2014 Existing Facilities Rule;and
• Be submitted to fulfill Fayetteville Works Plant NPDES Permit NC0003573 Section D—316(b)
Intake Requirements.
Page I 1

2.0 §122.21(r)(2) -SOURCE WATER PHYSICAL DATA
2.1 SOURCE WATERBODY NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION
Regulatory requirement at §122.21(r)(2)(i): "A narrative description and scaled drawings showing the
physical configuration of all source water bodies used by your facility, including areal dimensions, depths,
salinity and temperature regimes, and other documentation that supports your determination of the
waterbody type where each cooling water intake structure is located."
The Cape Fear River is a Coastal Plain river formed at the confluence of the Deep and Haw Rivers at the
Chatham-Lee County line in North Carolina and flows southeast,where it empties into the Atlantic Ocean
in Bald Head Island,North Carolina(NCDENR 2004).
The United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) operates three navigational Lock and Dams (L/D)
along the Cape Fear River:L/D No. 1 upstream of Wilmington,L/D No.2 near Elizabethtown,and William
O. Huske L/D No. 3 downstream of Fayetteville(USACE 2019).The upstream limit of tidal influence in
the river is L/D No. 1 (Giese et al. 1985).The Fayetteville Works CWIS is located about one mile upstream
of the William O.Huske L/D No.3,which is approximately 17 miles south-southeast of Fayetteville,North
Carolina in the non-tidal freshwater portion of the river.
The Cape Fear River basin is highly urbanized and industrialized around the cities of Greensboro, High
Point,Burlington, Chapel Hill, and Durham in the upper part of the watershed and around Fayetteville and
Wilmington in the middle and lower parts (NCDENR 2004). The Cape Fear River is approximately 200
miles long and has been used for commercial navigation, recreation,and other industrial purposes(NCEE
undated).
Water quality data are monitored and collected through the North Carolina Department of Environmental
Quality(NCDEQ)Monitoring Coalition Program and the data are available online from the National Water
Quality Monitoring Council(NWQMC)Water Quality Portal.Dissolved oxygen,pH,specific conductance,
water temperature,total suspended solids, and turbidity are measured at the Fayetteville Work CWIS'and
data from 1998 through 2013 were available from the Water Quality Portal(Table 2-1).
Table 2-1: Avera l e Water I nali Measurements from the Ca•e Fear River near the CWIS
Dissolved Specific Water Total
Year Oxygen pH Conductance Temperature Suspended Turbidity
(mg/L) (uS/cm) (°C) Solids(mg/L) (NTU)
1998 8.6 7.7 146 24.2 6.6 7.3
1999 9.1 7.2 124 20.7 9.4 12.7
2000 8.8 7.1 112 21.2 10.9 13.0
2001 7.1 7.1 142 20.8 11.5 12.2
2002 7.6 7.4 178 21.8 10.1 10.1
2003 7.5 6.5 85 18.7 18.0 22.0
2004 6.9 6.9 124 22.4 13.4 9.5
2005 8.0 7.0 132 20.5 15.7 16.2
2006 7.5 7.0 121 20.2 46.1 28.7
2007 7.6 7.1 141 21.1 9.6 11.2
2008 7.0 6.8 119 20.5 9.5 10.8
2009 7.7 6.6 123 20.4 16.3 15.9
2010 8.3 6.7 132 20.6 12.1 10.1
2011 7.9 6.7 151 20.5 8.7 8.4
2012 7.3 6.9 141 20.7 7.6 8.0
'Monitoring Location:Cape Fear River at Dupont Water Intake upstream Lock and Dam 3(B8290000).
Page 12

Dissolved Specific Water Total
Year Oxygen pH Conductance Temperature Suspended Turbidity
(mg/L) (uS/cm) (°C) Solids(mg/L) (NTU)
2013 7.2 6.8 113 19.7 16.8 16.8
Source:NWQMC(2019)
mg/L—milligrams per liter; µS/cm —microSiemens per centimeter; °C —degrees Celsius; NTU - Nephelometric
Turbidity Units
2.2 HYDROLOGICAL AND GEOMORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES
Regulatory requirement at §122.21(r)(2)(ii): "Identification and characterization of the source
waterbody's hydrological and geomorphological features, as well as the methods you used to conduct any
physical studies to determine your intake's area of influence within the waterbody and the results of such
studies."
2.2.1 HYDROLOGY AND GEOMORPHOLOGY
The Cape Fear River drainage basin is the largest in North Carolina, encompassing portions of 24 counties,
with a total drainage area of 9,149 square miles(mi2).The drainage area of the mainstem Cape Fear River
is approximately 6,065 mil(NCDENR 2004). The Fayetteville Works CWIS is located within the middle
portion of the basin above the limit of tidal influence. The predominant land use/land cover types near the
Fayetteville Works CWIS in 2006 were cultivated crops, evergreen forest, and woody wetland (Alford
2014). Willis Creek discharges to the Cape Fear River immediately upstream of the CWIS.
USGS Station 02105500(Cape Fear River at William O. Huske Lock near Tarheel,NC)is located 100 feet
upstream of the lock and approximately one mile downstream of the CWIS. USGS (2019)annual average
discharges from 1990 through 2018 (calendar years)ranged from 1,797 cubic feet per second(cfs)in 2011
to 8,655 cfs in 2003 (Figure 2-1). The mean monthly discharges during this period indicate a seasonal
character to flow with typically lower flows during the summer months and higher flows during the winter
and early spring. The maximum flow for the period of record (October 1937 —present) is 87,400 cfs on
September 19, 2018.
Page 13

USGS 02105500 CAPE FEAR R AT WILM 0 HUSKE LOCK NR TARHEEL, NC
90000
c
I
10888 f
lee
30 —
1991 1994 1997 2999 2003 2806 2089 2912 2015 2018
Figure 2-1: Cape Fear River Annual Average Discharge at USGS station 02105500
Hydrographic surveys of the river channel conducted in August and September of 2016 by the Wilmington
District of the USACE show the Cape Fear River at the CWIS to have an asymmetric cross-sectional profile
(USACE 2016;Attachment A).The depths of the 125 to 150-foot wide river channel adjacent to the intake
canal were 20-21 feet(datum is mean low water elevation)and 14-15 feet on the opposite bank.The bank-
to-bank width of the river here is estimated from aerial images to be about 225-250 feet.
2.2.2 AREA OF INFLUENCE
No physical studies were performed to determine the area of influence at the Fayetteville Works CWIS
within the waterbody.A desktop analysis was performed to define the approximate area of influence within
the 0.5 feet per second (fps) velocity contour. The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(USEPA) considers this velocity to be protective of most fish because most species have the swimming
ability to overcome this velocity and avoid impingement(79 FR 48336).
The design intake flow(DIF)for the Fayetteville Works intake is 21.6 MGD(Chemours 2020)and the AIF
is 17.3 MGD(Chemours 2020).Raw intake water is supplied from the Cape Fear River through a 180-foot
intake canal that flows perpendicular to the river bank and feeds a triangular shoreline intake structure.The
concrete triangular structure includes a removable grate(with 3-inch x 3/8-inch vertical flat bars with pipe
spares and 1-inch diameter through-bolts at 2 feet-6 inch on center)that is 16 feet wide by 10.5 feet high.
Upstream of the removable grate (on the river side of the grate), the intake channel has a trapezoidal
configuration. Downstream of the removable grate, water is directed through a 6-foot diameter reinforced
concrete pipe (RCP) intake tunnel to the on-shore water intake structure, which includes traveling water
screens and a pumphouse.
At the DIF,velocity in the 6-foot diameter intake tunnel is approximately 1.82 fps at the normal river water
elevation (assuming that the intake tunnel is completely submerged). The velocity at the face of the
Page 14

shoreline intake tunnel grating is 0.21 fps at the normal river water elevation. However, at low river
elevation and water depth of 4 feet, the velocity at the face of the shoreline intake tunnel grating is
approximately 0.60 fps. Using the 0.5 fps contour to define the area of influence, the hydraulic area of
influence does not extend more than about 1 foot beyond the river-side face of the intake tunnel grating and
does not extend to the shoreline of the Cape Fear River.
2.3 LOCATIONAL MAPS
Regulatory requirement at§122.21(r)(2)(iii): "Locational maps."
Locational maps identifying the Fayetteville Works intake structure are provided in Attachment A.
2.4 NEW OFFSHORE OIL AND GAS FACILITIES
Regulatory requirement at§122.21(r)(2)(iv): "For new offshore oil and gas facilities that are not fixed
facilities, a narrative description and/or locational maps providing information on predicted locations
within the waterbody during the permit term in sufficient detail for the Director to determine the
appropriateness of additional impingement requirements under§125.134(b)(4)."
This section is not applicable to Fayetteville Works.
Page 15

3.0 §122.21(r)(4) -SOURCE WATER BASELINE BIOLOGICAL
CHARACTERIZATION DATA
3.1 UNAVAILABLE DATA
Regulatory requirement at§122.21(r)(4)(i): "A list of the data in paragraphs (r)(4)(ii) through (vi)of this
section that are not available and efforts made to identO,sources of the data."
No impingement or entrainment studies have been conducted at Fayetteville Works and no major water
users with impingement or entrainment data nearby were identified. To identify taxa most susceptible to
impingement and entrainment at Fayetteville Works, the most common species collected in the Cape Fear
River, in the vicinity of the CWIS, and upstream of William O. Huske L/D No. 3 were reviewed for life
history characteristics making them vulnerable.
3.2 TAXA IN THE VICINITY OF THE CWIS
Regulatory requirement at 0122.21(r)(4)(ii): "A list of species(or relevant taxa)for all life stages and their
1 relative abundance in the vicinity of the cooling water intake structure."
Various fisheries monitoring studies have been conducted within the Cape Fear River Basin. Surveys
performed by the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission(NCWRC)were most recently completed
in June of 2015 and 2016 from Lock and Dam #3 to the I-295 overpass in Fayetteville, North Carolina.
Over the course of the two-year survey, 19 species were identified(Table 3-1;NCWRC 2019a).However,
sampling at the most downstream site, approximately 5.5 miles upstream of the Fayetteville Works CWIS,
collected only catfish(blue, channel,and flathead).
Table 3-1: Fish S i ecies Collected in the Ca s e Fear River near the Fa etteville Works CWIS
Common Name Latin Name 2015 2016 Total
Blue Catfish lctalurus furcatus 36 4 40
Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus 97 74 171
Bowfin Amia calva 1 1
Channel Catfish lctalurus punctatus 60 23 83
Common Carp Cyprinus carpio 4 10 14
Dollar Sunfish Lepomis marginatus 12 - 12
Flathead Catfish Pylodictis olivaris 26 15 41
Gizzard Shad Dorosoma cepedianum - 1 1
Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides 6 8 14
Longnose Gar Lepisosteus osseus 4 4 8
Notchlip Redhorse Moxostoma collapsum 1 - 1
Pumpkinseed Lepomis gibbosus - 1 1
Redbreast Sunfish Lepomis auritus 22 12 34
Redear Sunfish Lepomis microlophus 6 1 7
Satinfin Shiners Cyprinella 1 - 1
Spotted Bass Micropterus punctulatus 7 9 16
Spotted Sucker Minytrema melanops 5 8 13
Whitefin Shiner Cyprinellanive 12 1 13
Yellow Perch Perca flavescens 1 - 1
Grand Total 300 172 472
Data source:NCWRC(2019a)
Page 16

Cape Fear River Fisheries Reports are logged multiple times each spring, including sampling data,
biologists' observations, and creel survey (NCWRC 2019b). Entries for L/D No. 3 from March through
May 2019 indicated:
• American shad and striped bass spawning migrations peaked in April;
• Juvenile striped bass that were collected in early April were likely fish stocked in Jordan Lake that
were displaced during flood releases;
• A single hickory shad was collected in early April;
• White perch were also seen; and
• Recreational fishermen targeted blue and flathead catfish,American shad,striped bass,largemouth
bass,and multiple species of sunfish(NCWRC 2019b).
The Cape Fear River near Fayetteville Works is deep and slow moving with limited natural diversity due
to stress from flow extremes(NCDENR 2004).However,other species noted in the Cape Fear River in the
vicinity of L/D No. 3 include American eel, threadfin shad, black crappie, chain pickerel, and warmouth
(NCWRC 2019a).
L/D Nos. 1,2,and 3 do allow some passage of migratory fish species and a rock arch ramp was installed at
L/D No. 1 in 2012 to allow fish passage(NCWRC 2016).
3.3 SPECIES AND LIFE STAGES SUSCEPTIBLE TO IMPINGEMENT& ENTRAINMENT
Regulatory requirement at§122.21(r)(4)(iii): "Identification of the species and life stages that would be
most susceptible to impingement and entrainment.Species evaluated should include the forage base as well
as those most important in terms of significance to commercial and recreational fisheries."
No recent impingement or entrainment studies have been conducted at Fayetteville Works. However,
susceptibility to impingement or entrainment is dependent on a number of biotic and abiotic factors, as
shown in Table 3-2.
Table 3-2: Factors Affectinl Susce i tibili to Im•in lement and Entrainment
Category Factor Type Factors Source
Abiotic Water temperature,dissolved oxygen,turbidity, Baker(2007)
Impingement CWIS design,and intake velocity
Biotic Swimming ability,body shape,size,diel ad seasonal Baker(2007)
movements,and health of the organism
Intake location,water volume used for cooling, Ferry-Graham et al.
Abiotic velocity at intake,and screen mesh size (2008)
Entrainment Organism size,swimming ability,swimming Ferry Graham et al.
Biotic behavior(pelagic or benthic),diurnal behavior,and
spawning habitat (2008)
In general, impingement is often dominated by herring species and freshwater drum (King et al. 2010).
Most fish impinged are juvenile or age-1 specimens, or adults of smaller species. Impingement of certain
taxa correlates with environmental conditions such as high discharge, low water levels, low dissolved
oxygen, and both high and low water temperatures(Saalfeld 2006). Additionally, high populations do not
necessarily correlate to high probability of impingement,or vice versa.Life history traits that may result in
the increased likelihood of impingement include nearshore spawning and pelagic behavior during early life
stages(Saalfeld 2006). Demersal species or those associated with covered habitats rather than open waters
are less susceptible to impingement(King et al.2010).Taxa most susceptible to entrainment are those with
pelagic lifestages and have little to no swimming ability(Ferry-Graham et al. 2008).
Page 17

Based on the fish community data presented in Section 3.2 and life history parameters described below in
Section 3.4,the taxa most susceptible to impingement at Fayetteville Works include:
• Family Ictaluridae (blue, channel, and flathead catfish) because these species were the only one
collected at the 2015-2016 fishery survey location nearest the CWIS, and
• Family Centrarchidae(sunfishes)because bluegill (along with channel catfish)constituted more than
50%of the fish collected in 2015-2016 and redbreast sunfish was the only other non-catfish taxon that
was more than 5%of the total catch.
Although these catfish and sunfish species may be spawning near the intake structure, early life stages are
not likely entrained because they spawn in nests, their eggs are demersal, and the fry tend to stay near the
nest. Because American shad and striped bass are found near the William O. Huske L/D No. 3 (NCWRC
2019b)and they are broadcast spawners with buoyant or semi-buoyant eggs and pelagic larvae, early life
stages of these species are more likely to be entrained at the intake.
Information on the freshwater mussel population near the Fayetteville Works CWIS was not found.
However, mussels are not typically at risk of impingement or entrainment directly, as a result of their
benthic nature. Unionid mussels could be susceptible to impacts from impingement of the host fish due to
a parasitic stage in their life cycle.The parasitic larval stage(glochidia)must attach to a host fish to survive.
Fish hosts are often species specific,meaning a species of mussel may require a specific species of fish as
a glochidia host. Once the glochidia reach a certain size,they release from the host fish and burrow into the
sediments. Host species' movements often determine the mussel species' distribution. If a host fish is
impinged, the mussel population could be affected if glochidia hosts were impinged in large numbers,
especially if the host fish is generally rare.
3.4 PERIODS OF REPRODUCTION, RECRUITMENT,AND PEAK ABUNDANCE
Regulatory requirement at §122.21(r)(4)(iv): "Identification and evaluation of the primary period of
reproduction, larval recruitment, and period of peak abundance for relevant taxa."
Life history of the species most likely subjected to impingement and entrainment at Fayetteville Works are
presented below(see Section 3.3).
Bluegill
Bluegill spawning occurs in water temperatures
ranging from 65.3°F-77°F (Wang and
41114
Kernehan 1979).Generally, spawning peaks in
June and can continue into August, but will
cease when temperatures exceed 80°F
(Mecozzi 2008). Males build nests in shallow
water near the shoreline over sand or gravel
substrates but may also build nests over mud
substrates that are covered in debris(Wang and
Kernehan 1979). Nests may occur in colonies
up to 40 or 50 nests (Mecozzi 2008). Eggs are Source:Etnier and Starnes(2001)
demersal and adhesive(Wang and Kernehan 1979).Fecundity can reach as high as 25,000 eggs but averages
approximately 12,000 eggs(Mecozzi 2008).Eggs hatch in 2-3 days(Wang and Kernehan 1979).The male
will remain at the nest to guard the eggs and larvae several days after hatching (Mecozzi 2008). Larvae
remain demersal until after the yolk-sac is absorbed. After the yolk-sac is fully absorbed, larvae begin to
school above the nest. Larvae are free swimming approximately four days after hatching. Juveniles will
disperse from the school and utilize shallow shoreline habitat as a nursery.Juveniles will move into deeper
habitats as they grow(Wang and Kernehan 1979).
Page 18

Channel catfish
Channel catfish spawn between May and July(Wang
and Kernehan 1979). Spawning occurs at water
temperatures between 69.8°F and 86°F (McMahon
and Terrel 1982). It takes place in a nest that is built
by the male within a cavity of a submerged object or r �'
shoreline. Immediately after mating,the male chases
the female away from the nest, but she remains
nearby to protect the nest from predators at a distance Source:Etnier and Starnes(2001)
(McMahon and Terrel 1982). Fecundity is as high as
20,000 eggs per female(Pool 2007).Eggs are demersal and very adhesive(Wang and Kernehan 1979),and
hatch in 6-7 days at 80.6°F (McMahon and Terrel 1982). Larvae remain in the nest for 7-8 days, and then
disperse into shallow water areas with cover(McMahon and Terrel 1982). Young channel catfish schools
and frequents shoreline waters (Wang and Kernehan 1979). Larvae concentrate in slow flowing (<15
centimeters/second or approximately 0.5 fps) areas near rocky riffles, debris-covered gravel, sand bars in
clear streams, or in shallow mud or sand substrate edges of flowing channels in turbid rivers and bayous
(McMahon and Terrel 1982). Larvae avoid vegetation due to high predation by centrarchids. Larvae
overwinter under boulders in riffles or move into cover within deeper water. Juveniles reside in similar
habitat to larvae(McMahon and Terrel 1982).
Flathead catfish
This species of catfish spawns in June and July in
secluded and obscure areas of lakes and rivers.Nests
are built under logs, stumps or brush piles.Eggs may
be deposited in holes dug in a clay bank or saucer-
shaped depression excavated near submerged
objects. Eggs are demersal, adhesive, and adhere Source: Etnier and Starnes(2001)
together in a single mass when deposited (Page and
Burr 1991).
Blue catfish
The spawning habits of blue catfish are relatively unknown but
are believed to be similar to channel catfish (Graham 1999).
They are cavity nesters, seeking protected areas behind rocks,
roots , undercut streambanks, or any other area with minimal
current. Egg size is approximately 0.1 inches in diameter and
hatch in 7-8 days in waters 70°F-75°F.Fecundity is estimated
to be 900-1,350 eggs per kilogram of body weight. The male Source:Etnier and Starnes(2001)
guards the eggs and fry(Graham 1999).
Striped bass
Spawning occurs in fresh and oligohaline waters from
early April through mid-June, and occasionally into July
(Wang and Kernehan 1979). Spawning is triggered when ••-
' - ": �
water temperatures reach 50°F and continues until they
exceed 68°F, with peak spawning at 59°F. In most North
Carolina river systems, males mature during their second
year,while females are mature between two to three years Source:Etnier and Starnes(2001)
old (NCDEQ 2019). Fecundity is correlated to weight,
age,and length and ranges from 15,000 eggs in an 18-inch female to 40,507,500 eggs in a 13-year old, 32-
Page 19

pound female(Fay et al. 1983). Spawning occurs at the surface during the night and early morning(Wang
and Kernehan 1979). Eggs are somewhat demersal and sink slowly in the water column (Wang and
Kernehan 1979). Currents greater than 1 fps will keep eggs suspended in the water column, but eggs will
be concentrated in midwater and bottom depths. Eggs hatch in 29 to 80 hours(Fay et al. 1983). Larvae are
initially planktonic,then become demersal as they develop(Fay et al. 1983). Larvae demonstrate positive
phototaxis and horizontal swimming behavior initially, but require enough current to avoid settling to the
benthos where they are smothered and die. Post-yolk sac larvae orient to the mid-channel and are found in
the highest concentrations near the bottom(Fay et al., 1989).Larger larvae and juveniles move into shallow
waters with low currents over sand or gravel substrates.The striped bass population in the Cape Fear River
system is part of Central Southern Management Area stocks and is considered entirely riverine and will not
migrate to the ocean within their life cycle(NCDEQ 2019).
American Shad
Spawning occurs in the early spring to early summer(two
to three months) when water temperatures reach around
54°F-70°F. In North Carolina, American shad will migrate
up to 450 miles spawn at night in the freshwater reaches of
coastal rivers. American shad become sexually mature
during their second year (Greene et al. 2009). Spawning
activity is driven by light cycle and occurs near the surface ;d
at night or during the day on cloudy days. Females deposit Source: Chesapeake Bay Program 2019
on average 100,000 eggs in fast current of the main stem of
rivers in riffle and pool habitat over gravel and cobble substrate in depths up to 11.5 feet (Greene et al.
2009). Eggs are non-adhesive and semi-buoyant, typically travelling 15-115 feet in fast current before
settling in the bottom substrate. Eggs hatch in 60 to 72 hours. Yolk sac larvae are demersal and semi-
buoyant, occupying the deep-water, mid-channel habitat of the river and moving towards the shallow
margins as the yolk sac absorbs. Post-yolk sac larvae are found in the slower margins of the riverine
environment near the surface. Some larvae may use the current to drift back toward brackish reaches of the
estuary before the juvenile stage, while most individuals remain in freshwater nursery habitat within the
system through juvenile development,migrating toward the more saline zones in the late summer and early
fall(Greene et al. 2009).
3.5 SEASONAL AND DAILY ACTIVITIES
Regulatory requirement at§122.21(r)(4)(v): "Data representative of the seasonal and daily activities(e.g.,
feeding and water column migration) of biological organisms in the vicinity of the cooling water intake
structure."
Similar to Section 3.4, the taxa below are the most likely species to be subjected to impingement and/or
entrainment at Fayetteville Works.Expected activity on a daily and/or seasonal basis is described for each
respective taxon. Behavior includes feeding habits, common habitat, diel behavior, migratory behavior,
seasonal behavior, etc.
Bluegill
Bluegill prefer warm water in temperatures ranging between 85°F-88°F and can tolerate temperatures of
up to 95°F(Mecozzi 2008).They prefer warm,shallow waters,and tend to be attracted to areas of industrial
discharges during the winter.During the spring,bluegill may move into slow flowing tributaries or channels
that warm up faster than the main body of water. Bluegills congregate into schools of 10-20 fish. Schools
may even mix with other sunfish or minnows.They tend to remain in a small home range and do not migrate
long distances. Forage consists of a diverse diet including algae, aquatic vegetation, zooplankton, insects,
insect larvae,fish eggs,and occasionally minnows and small fish.Feeding activity occurs primarily at dusk
Page 110

and dawn, but bluegill will feed throughout the day.Bluegill move closer inshore at night but will swim in
open waters during the day.Bluegills are very intolerant of low dissolved oxygen levels(Mecozzi 2008).
Channel Catfish
Channel catfish is native east of the Appalachian Mountains but has been introduced throughout the Atlantic
drainages and the 48 contiguous states (McMahon and Terrell 1982). All life stages of channel catfish
concentrate in the warmest sections of rivers and reservoirs. It strongly seeks cover, residing in cavities,
boulders,and areas of debris in low velocity waters. Optimum habitats are deep pools and littoral areas less
than 16 feet deep with more than 40% suitable cover. Cover may not be necessary in waters with high
turbidity(McMahon and Terrell 1982). It prefers sand,gravel, or rubble bottoms, but will occur over mud
(Wellborn 1988).
Channel catfish is a nocturnal forager (Pool 2007). At night, channel catfish leave its cover to feed along
riffles, runs, tributaries, and shorelines (McMahon and Terrell 1982). Young catfish primarily feeds on
aquatic insects, while adults feed on insects, snails, crawfish, green algae, aquatic plants, seeds, and small
fish. Fish are important for their diet once they reach 18 inches long and will constitute as much as 75%of
their diet(Wellborn 1988).Young fish move much more extensively than adults,which rarely migrate from
one area to another(McMahon and Terrell 1982).
Blue catfish
Blue catfish prefer turbid,open water habitats of channels backwaters of rivers (Graham 1999).They often
occur in deep, swift channels or flowing pools. Preferred substrates are mud and silt. They are the most
migratory ictalurid. Movement is based on water temperature. They will move downstream in the fall to
find warmer waters, and upstream in the spring. Movement tends to be greatest in the spring. They are
opportunistic and omnivorous feeders.Fish under 4 inches primarily forage on small invertebrates. Larger
individuals forage primarily on fish,particularly gizzard and threadfin shad.Most feeding occurs on or near
bottom, and occasionally mid-water. They are also known to reside in the tailwaters below hydroelectric
dams, and feed on wounded shad after passage through dam's turbines. Growth is rapid especially after
blue catfish become primarily piscivorous(Graham 1999).
Striped bass
Striped bass are anadromous fish that range in the North Atlantic from the St. Lawrence River, Canada to
the St Johns River, Florida (Fay et al. 1989). Striped bass from North Carolina to New England, age-2
through 4, exit their natal rivers and estuaries into the Atlantic Ocean. However, the population within the
Cape Fear River is entirely riverine and exhibits a limited range, seasonally migrating between spawning
grounds and lower reaches of the upper estuary (NCDEQ 2019). No diel movements have been found.
Striped bass as large as approximately 10 pounds demonstrate schooling behavior, while larger fish are
independent or appear in small schools. School movements are primarily based on prey fish movements.
Adult striped bass diet is 95.5%piscivorous(Fay et al. 1983).
American Shad
American shad are anadromous fish that range from St. Lawrence River, Canada to the St Johns River,
Florida(Greene et al. 2009).American shad migrate from coastal and ocean waters upriver to spawn up to
five times within the span of their sexual maturity, from two to seven years old. Spawning adults occupy
fast current zones within the river often resting towards the bottom in deep pools or on along the edge of
current behind debris or other structure. Adults feed throughout the migration before spawning; leading to
higher survival rates among returning spent adult fish than other migratory herrings or shads. American
shad spawn during periods of low light,at night and during cloudy days,congregating at the surface in fast
current to broadcast eggs and milt. Spent adult American shad return to estuary mouths upon the completion
of spawning.Juveniles occupy freshwater nursery habitat throughout the late spring and summer and return
to more saline waters in the late summer through the middle of fall. Seasonal and daily movement of larvae
Page 111

is associated with seasonal and daily abundance of riverine zooplankton. Larvae have been more often
observed distributed towards the surface and throughout the water column rather oriented towards the
bottom. Larvae and juveniles display diel migration patterns around feeding behaviors, becoming more
active throughout the daylight hours within the freshwater nursery habitat mirroring the diel movement
patterns of zooplankton(Greene et al.2009).
3.6 THREATENED, ENDANGERED,AND OTHER PROTECTED SPECIES
Regulatory requirement at §122.21(r)(4)(vi): "Identification of all threatened, endangered, and other
protected species that might be susceptible to impingement and entrainment at your cooling water intake
structures."
3.6.1 FEDERALLY PROTECTED SPECIES
A review of United States Fish and Wildlife Service(USFWS) Information for Planning and Consultation
(IPaC)databases indicated that no federally protected aquatic species under the jurisdiction of the USFWS
occur within the Cape Fear River in the vicinity of the Fayetteville Works intake (USFWS 2019a;
Attachment B). Neither does any Critical Habitat, National Wildlife Refuge lands, or fish hatcheries
(USFWS 2019a; Attachment B).
The USFWS (2019b) Raleigh Ecological Services Field Office lists protected species by county and
identified Cape Fear shiner(Notropis mekistocholas),a federally endangered fish,in Cumberland County.
The Atlantic pigtoe(Fusconaia masoni), an 'At Risk Species' proposed as threatened, was listed in both
Cumberland and Bladen Counties. However, it is not likely that that either species would be impacted by
impingement or entrainment at Fayetteville Works because range maps for both indicate this fish and
mussel are not found within 10 miles of the intake, and the Atlantic pigtoe is only known from historic
records(USFWS 2019b).Additionally,mussels are not typically susceptible to impingement or entrainment
(see Section 3.3).
3.6.2 STATE-PROTECTED SPECIES
North Carolina Natural Heritage Program(NCNHP)lists of state endangered,threatened,or special concern
species by county identified five freshwater bivalves and three freshwater fish in Cumberland County,and
seven bivalves and six fish in Bladen County(Table 3-3; NCNHP 2019). Atlantic pigtoe and thinlip chub
are known only from historical records in both counties, and therefore not likely to be affected by
Fayetteville Works. Similarly, yellow lampmussel, shortnose sturgeon, and Atlantic highfin carpsucker
have not been found recently in Bladen County, nor has pod lance and Cape Fear spike in Cumberland
County(NCNHP 2019).
Table 3-3: State-listed Endangered,Threatened,and Special Concern Aquatic Species in
Cumberland and Bladen Counties
NC
Common Name Scientific Name Status County Habitat Comment
Freshwater Bivalves
Barrel Floater Anodonta couperiana E B Cape Fear drainage
Cape Fear,Lumber,and Yadkin-Pee Dee
Pod Lance Elliptio folliculata SC B/C drainages
Cape Fear Spike Elliptio marsupiobesa SC B/C Cape Fear and Neuse drainages(endemic to
North Carolina)
Roanoke Elliptio roanokensis(syn. SC B/C Roanoke,Tar,Neuse,White Oak,Cape Fear,
Slabshell Elliptio judithae) Lumber,and Yadkin-Pee Dee drainages
Page 112

NC."
Common Name Scientific Name Sta County Habitat Comment
Atlantic Pigtoe* Fusconaia masoni E B&C Roanoke,Tar,Neuse, Cape Fear,Yadkin Pee
Dee drainages
Yellow Lampsilis cariosa E B&C Chowan,Roanoke,Neuse,Tar,Cape Fear,
Lampmussel Lumber,Yadkin-Pee Dee drainages
Eastern Lampsilis radiata T g Chowan, Roanoke,Tar, Neuse,Cape Fear,
Lampmussel Yadkin-Pee Dee drainages
Freshwater Fish
Shortnose* Acipenserbrevirostrum E g brackish water of large rivers and estuaries;
Sturgeon spawns in freshwater areas
Atlantic Acipenser oxyrinchus
Sturgeon** oxyrinchus E B coastal waters,estuaries,large rivers
Atlantic Highfin
Carpiodes sp.cf.velifer SC B
Carpsucker Catawba,Pee Dee,and Cape Fear rivers
Thinlip Chub Cyprinella sp.1(syn. SC B&C
Cyprinella sp.cf.zanema) Cape Fear,Lumber,and Pee Dee drainages
Pinewoods
o s Etheostoma mariae SC g streams of Lumber drainage,mainly in the
Darter sandhills;and Little Pee Dee drainage
Broadtail Noturus sp.2(syn.Noturus sp. Cape Fear,Waccamaw,and Lumber
Madtom cf.leptacanthus) SC B&C drainages
Sandhills Chub Semotilus lumbee SC C Sandhills streams in the Cape Fear, Lumber,
and Yadkin-Pee Dee drainages
Data source:NCNHP(2019)
*Federal status=proposed threatened
**Federal status=endangered
NC Status:E=endangered;T=threatened;SC=Special Concern
County:B=Blanden;C=Cumberland
Habitat preference, local population information, and life history suggest that the other state-protected
species (i.e., those recorded recently in Bladen or Cumberland Counties) are not likely susceptible to
impingement or entrainment, as such:
• Barrel floater is found in ponds and slow-flowing streams(NCWRC 2019c).
• Roanoke slabshell is a mussel that would only be vulnerable during its glochidia stage. Strong
populations exist in rivers downstream from the last major dam within the river basin suggesting their
fish hosts are anadromous(NCWRC 2019c).The Fayetteville Works CWIS is located upstream of the
third dam in a series of three and therefore few fish hosts are available.
• Eastern lampmussel records are from Black River in Bladen County(NCWRC 2019c).
• Atlantic sturgeon require clean,deep,swiftly flowing freshwater over hard,rocky bottom for spawning,
which is not likely available near the CWIS. Their eggs are adhesive, therefore not susceptible to
entrainment. Although spawning and nursery sites are not well known in North Carolina, records have
been in Roanoke River(Ashley and Wynne undated).
• Pinewoods darter are found in the Lumber and Little Pee Dee drainages(NCNHP 2019).
• Recorded locations of broadtail madtom do not include the Cape Fear River near Fayetteville Works
and this species prefers small to medium-sized streams with good flow(Tracy 2014).
• The sandhills chub is found in the sandhills streams and the closest record to Fayetteville Works is at
the northern border of Cumberland County, upstream of the City of Fayetteville (NCNHP 2019;
NCFishes 2019).
Page 113

3.7 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND AGENCY CONSULTATION
Regulatory requirement at§122.21(r)(4)(vii): "Documentation of any public participation or consultation
with Federal or State agencies undertaken in development of the plan."
No public participation with Federal or State agencies related to CWA Section 316(b) were undertaken
during the development of the §122.21(r) reports. Consultation was limited to IPaC reports generated by
USFWS.
3.8 SUPPLEMENTAL FIELD STUDIES
Regulatory requirement at§122.21(r)(4)(viii): "If you supplement the information requested in paragraph
(r)(4)(i) of this section with data collected using field studies, supporting documentation for the Source
Water Baseline Biological Characterization must include a description of all methods and quality
assurance procedures for sampling, and data analysis including a description of the study area;taxonomic
identification of sampled and evaluated biological assemblages (including all life stages of fish and
shellfish); and sampling and data analysis methods. The sampling and/or data analysis methods you use
must be appropriate for a quantitative survey and based on consideration of methods used in other
biological studies performed within the same source water body. The study area should include, at a
minimum, the area of influence of the cooling water intake structure."
Not Applicable — No supplemental field studies have been performed, or are proposed, as part of this
§122.21(r)(4)Source Water Baseline Biological Characterization report.
3.9 REGULATORY REQUIREMENT
Regulatory requirement at§122.21(r)(4)(ix): "In the case of the owner or operator of an existing facility
or new unit at an existing facility, the Source Water Baseline Biological Characterization Data is the
information in paragraphs(r)(4)(i) through(xii) of this section."
Regulatory requirement cited for informational purposes only.No response necessary.
3.10 PROTECTIVE MEASURES AND STABILIZATION ACTIVITIES NEAR THE INTAKE
Regulatory requirement at §122.21(r)(4)(x): "For the owner or operator of an existing facility,
identification of protective measures and stabilization activities that have been implemented, and a
description of how these measures and activities affected the baseline water condition in the vicinity of the
intake."
No protective measures or stabilization activities have been implemented at the Fayetteville Works intake.
The CWIS is located approximately 180 feet inland from the Cape Fear River bank, at the end of a
naturalized intake canal. The baseline water condition near Fayetteville Works, as well as most of the
Middle Cape Fear River Basin, is primarily affected by the lock and dam system. The three L/Ds in the
middle basin were built by the United States Army Corps of Engineers in the early 1900s to facilitate
navigation, but now are primarily used to maintain pools for municipal and industrial water supply
withdrawals (CFRP 2019). By building the L/Ds and creating these pools, the river's habitat was
significantly altered.
3.11 FRAGILE SPECIES
Regulatory requirement at§122.21(r)(4)(xi): "For the owner or operator of an existing facility, a list of
fragile species, as defined at 40 CFR 125.92(m), at the facility. The applicant need only identdy those
species not already identified as fragile at 40 CFR 125.92(m). New units at an existing facility are not
Page I 14

required to resubmit this information if the cooling water withdrawals for the operation of the new unit are
from an existing intake."
Fragile species are defined in 40 CFR§125.92(m)as...
...a species of fish or shellfish that has an impingement survival rate of less than 30 percent
even when the BTA technology of modified traveling screens are in operation.
The fragile species listed in the Rule includes, but is not limited to: alewife, American shad, Atlantic
herring,Atlantic long-finned squid,Atlantic menhaden,bay anchovy,blueback herring,bluefish,butterfish,
gizzard shad,grey snapper, hickory shad, menhaden,rainbow smelt,round herring,and silver anchovy(79
FR 48432,August 15,2014).
The species occurring near Fayetteville Works that are identified in the Rule as a "fragile species" are
American shad, gizzard shad, and hickory shad. Although not directly listed, threadfin shad are closely
related to gizzard shad and therefore likely fragile,too. The other species identified in the Cape Fear River
near the Fayetteville Works CWIS are mostly catfish, sunfish and shiners, which are included in the
USEPA's(2014)list of"non-fragile"species or are closely related to taxa on the list.
3.12 INCIDENTAL TAKE EXEMPTION OR AUTHORIZATION
Regulatory requirement at§122.21(r)(4)(xii): "For the owner or operator of an existing facility that has
obtained incidental take exemption or authorization for its cooling water intake structure(s)from the U.S
Fish and Wildlife Service or the National Marine Fisheries Service, any information submitted in order to
obtain that exemption or authorization may be used to satisfy the permit application information
requirement of paragraph 40 CFR 125.95(1) if included in the application."
Fayetteville Works has not obtained an incidental take exemption or authorization for its CWIS from the
USFWS or National Marine Fisheries Service.No response is necessary.
Page 1 15

4.0 REFERENCES
Alford,J. B.2014. Land-Use/Land-Cover and Water Quality in the Cape Fear River Basin,North
Carolina: Spatial-Temporal Relationships.(2014)A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of The
Graduate School at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro in Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy,Directed by Dr. Keith Debbage and Dr. Zhi-
Jun Liu. 195 pp.
Ashley,K.and B. Wynne. Undated. Atlantic Sturgeon,North Carolina Wildlife Profiles. Produced by the
North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission,Division of Wildlife Education. Available on-
line at: https://www.ncwildlife.org/Learning/Species/Fish/Atlantic-Sturgeon#10378548-
overview. Site last accessed November 26,2019.
Baker,J.L.2007.Health of Fish Impinged On Cooling-Water Intake Screens.Auburn University.
Auburn,AL. May 2007.
Cape Fear River Partnership(CFRP).2019.Fish Passage.Available on-line at:
https://capefearriverpartnership.com/fish-passage/. Site last accessed November 26,2019.
Chemours. undated. Calcs Made 15`Draft 316(b)rule.Provided electronically as FW CWIS
Calculations.pdf.
Chemours.2019.Request for Proposal,Chemours Fayetteville Plant 316(b)Cooling Water Source Water
Characterization Data Collection.
Chemours 2020. RE:Action Item:Chemours Fayetteville Works 40 CFR§122.21(2)and(4)Report.
Data provided via email from J. B.Ruiter of Chemours dated February 18,2020.
Chesapeake Bay Program,2019. American Shad,Alosa sapidissima. Retrieved November 25, 2019,from
https://www.chesapeakebay.net/discover/field-guide/entry/american shad
DuPont Chemicals&Fluoroproducts. 2015.Letter to NCDENR Division of Water Resources dated
March 4, 2015 re: 316(b)Preliminary Determination NPDES Permit No.NC0003573.
Etnier,D.A and W.C. Starnes. 2001.The Fishes of Tennessee. University of Tennessee Press. Knoxville,
TN.
Fay,C.W.,R.J.Neves,and G.B.Pardue. 1983. Species profiles: life histories and environmental
requirements of coastal fishes and invertebrates(Mid-Atlantic)—striped bass. U.S.Fish and
Wildlife Service,Division of Biological Services, FWS/OBS-82/11.8. U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers,TR EL-82-4.36 p.
Ferry-Graham,L.F.,M.Dorin, and P. Lin. 2008. Understanding Entrainment at Coastal Power Plants:
Informing a Program to Study Impacts and Their Reduction. Prepared for California Energy
Commission. CEC-500-2007-120.March 2008.
Giese,G.L.,H.B. Wilder,and G.G.Parker,Jr. 1985.Hydrology of Major Estuaries and Sounds of
North Carolina. United States Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2221. 108p.
Graham,K. 1999.A Review of the Biology and Management of Blue Catfish. American Fisheries
Society Symposium, Vol 24,pp.37-49.
Greene, K.E.,J.L.Zimmerman, R.W. Laney, and J.C.Thomas-Blate. 2009.Atlantic coast diadromous
fish habitat:A review of utilization,threats,recommendations for conservation,and research
needs.Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission Habitat Management Series No.2,
Washington, D.C.
King, R.G.,G. Seegert, and J. Vondruska. 2010.Factors Influencing Impingement at 15 Ohio River
Power Plants.North American Journal of Fisheries Management 30:1149-1175, 2010.
Page I16

McMahon, T. E. and J. W. Terrell. 1982. Habitat suitability index models:Channel catfish. U.S.D.I.
Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.2. 29 pp.
Mecozzi, M. 2008. Bluegill(Lepomis macrochirus). Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources.
Bureau of Fisheries Management. PUBL-FM-711 08, September 2008.Available on-line at:
http://dnr.wi.gov/topic/fishing/documents/species/bluegill.pdf. Site last accessed November 26,
2019.
National Water Quality Monitoring Council(NWQMC).2019. Water Quality Portal.Available on-line at:
https://www.waterqualitydata.us/portal/. Site last accessed November 27, 2019.
NCFishes. 2019. Fishes of North Carolina, Cyprinidae.Range map available on-line at:
http://www.ncfishes.com/families/cyprinidae/. Site last accessed November 26,2019.
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Quality
(NCDENR). 2004. Basinwide Assessment Report-Cape Fear River Basin-August.
NCDENR.2009a.Cape Fear River Basin Ambient Monitoring System Report, January 1,2004 through
December 31,2008.August. AMS-1.
NCDENR.2009b. Cape Fear River Basin Water Supply Plan,March 2009 Draft.
North Carolina Environmental Education(NCEE). Undated. Cape Fear River Basin brochure. Available
on-line at:https://www.eenorthcarolina.org/documents/cape-fear-river-basin. Site last accessed
November 22,2019.
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality(NCDEQ).2019.Estuarine Striped Bass, Morone
saxatilis.Estuarine:Central Southern Management Area.(n.d.). Available on-line at:
http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/mf/striped-bassestuarine-csma#Research. Site last accessed
November 25,2019.
North Carolina National Heritage Program(NCNHP).2019. Species/Community Search. Available on-
line at:https://www.ncnhp.org/data/species-community-search. Site last updated October 29,
2019 with 2019-10 data set. Site last accessed November 25,2019.
North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission(NCWRC).2016. Fisheries Research Fact Sheet.
Assessing Spawning Activity of Anadromous Species in the Cape Fear River. May.
NCWRC.2019a.RE: [External] Biological Data Request. Data provided via email from NC Wildlife
Resources Commission dated October 31,2019.
NCWRC.2019b.Cape Fear River Fisheries Report.Available on-line at:
https://www.ncwildlife.org/Fishing/Learn-Resources/Fisheries-Reports/C oastal-Rivers-Fisheries-
Reports/Cape-Fear-River-Fisheries-Report. Site last accessed November 25, 2019.
NCWRC.2019c.Learning> Species database. Available on-line at:
https://www.ncwildlife.org/Learning/Species. Site last accessed November 26,2019.
Page, L.M. and B.M.Burr. 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico.
The Peterson Field Guide Series,volume 42. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, MA.
Pool,T.K. 2007. Channel Catfish Review:Life-History,Distribution, Invasion Dynamics and Current
Management Strategies in the Pacific Northwest University of Washington. November, 2007.
http://depts.washington.edu/oldenlab/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Ictalurus-
punctatus Pool.pdf.
Saalfeld, D.T.2006. Variables Influencing Fish Impingement at Five Alabama Power Steam Plants.
Thesis submitted to Auburn University. May 11,2006.
Page 117

Tracy. B.H. 2014.A Summary of the 2010 Reevaluation of Status Listings for Jeopardized Freshwater
Fishes in North Carolina.North Carolina Division of Water Resources,North Carolina
Department of Environment and Natural Resources. Submitted On behalf of the NCWRC's
Scientific Council of Fishes.November 1,2014.
United States Environmental Protection Agency(USEPA).2014. Technical Development Document for
the Final Section 316(b)Existing Facilities Rule. EPA-821-R-14-002.May 2014.
United States Army Corps of Engineers(USACE), Wilmington District.2019.Cape Fear Locks and
Dams.Available on-line at:https://www.saw.usace.army.mil/Location/District-Lakes-and-
Dams/Cape-Fear-Locks-and-Dams/. Site last accessed November 22, 2019.
USACE.2016.Hydrographic Survey. Cape Fear Above Mile 94-97. Cape Fear River above Wilmington
Lock and Dam 2 to Lock and Dam 3. Available on-line at:
https://www.saw.usace.army.mi l/Missions/Navigation/Hydrographic-Surveys/River-Projects/.
Site last accessed November 26, 2019.
United States Fish and Wildlife Service(USFWS). 2019a.Environmental Conservation Online System
ECOS)Information for Planning and Consultation(IPaC).Available on-line at:
https://ecos.fws.gov/ipac/. Site last accessed November 25,2019.
USFWS. 2019b.Endangered and Threatened Species and Species of Concern by County for North
Carolina. Available on-line at:https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/cntylist/nc counties.html.
Site last accessed November 25, 2019.
United States Geological Survey(USGS). 2019.National Water Information System:Web Interface.
USGS 02105500 CAPE FEAR R AT WILM 0 HUSKE LOCK NR TARHEEL,NC.Available
on-line at:https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory/?site no=02105500&agency cd=USGS.
Site last accessed November 27, 2019.
Wang,J.C.S.,and R.J.`Kernehan. 1979. Fishes of the Delaware Estuaries:A guide to the early life
histories. EA Communications. Ecological Analysts, Inc.
Wellborn,T.L. 1988. Channel Catfish Life History and Biology. Southern Regional Aquaculture Center
(SRAC). L-2402. SRAC Publication No. 180. December, 1980.
Page I18

5.0 ATTACHMENTS
Attachment A—Locational Maps
• Google Maps.2019.Chemours Fayetteville Works Plant,aerial view of the general location.
Provided by Chemours as an attachment to the July 1,2019 Request for Proposal.
• Google Maps.2019.Chemours Fayetteville Works Plant,aerial view indicating cooling water
intake structure and outfall structure locations. Provided by Chemours as an attachment to the
July 1, 2019 Request for Proposal.
• Google Maps.2019.Chemours Fayetteville Works Plant,close-up aerial view of the cooling
water intake structure.Provided by Chemours as an attachment to the July 1,2019 Request for
Proposal.
• United States Geological Survey. 2016. US Topo Map,Duart Quadrangle.
• United States Army Corps of Engineers Wilmington District.2016.Hydrographic Survey Map,
Cape Fear Above Mile 94-97. Cape Fear River,North Carolina.
Attachment B—Threatened and Endangered Species Information
• USFWS IPaC Resource List. Generated November 25, 2019.
• USFWS Raleigh Field Office.Endangered Species, Threatened Species,Federal Species of
Concern, and Candidate Species,Cumberland County,North Carolina.
• USFWS Raleigh Field Office. Endangered Species, Threatened Species,Federal Species of
Concern, and Candidate Species,Bladen County,North Carolina
Page I19

Attachment A
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Attachment B
Threatened and Endangered Species Information

11/25/2019 IPaC:Resources
IPaC U.S. Fish &Wildlife Service
IPaC resource list
This report is an automatically generated list of species and other resources such as critical habitat
(collectively referred to as trust resources) under the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's (USFWS)
jurisdiction that are known or expected to be on or near the project area referenced below. The list
may also include trust resources that occur outside of the project area, but that could potentially be
directly or indirectly affected by activities in the project area. However, determining the likelihood
and extent of effects a project may have on trust resources typically requires gathering additional
site-specific(e.g., vegetation/species surveys) and project-specific (e.g., magnitude and timing of
proposed activities) information.
Below is a summary of the project information you provided and contact information for the USFWS
office(s)with jurisdiction in the defined project area. Please read the introduction to each section
that follows(Endangered Species, Migratory Birds, USFWS Facilities, and NWI Wetlands)for
additional information applicable to the trust resources addressed in that section.
Project information
NAME
Fayetteville Works CWIS
LOCATION
Bladen and Cumberland counties, North Carolina
N,n
DESCRIPTION
CWA Section 316(b) Reporting
Local office
Raleigh Ecological Services Field Office
t. [phone]
l® [phone]
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11/2572019 IPaC:Resources
MAILING ADDRESS
Post Office Box 33726
Raleigh, NC 27636-3726
PHYSICAL ADDRESS
551 Pylon Drive, Suite F
Raleigh, NC 27606-1487
4,0 N4•010c 011/444111114\11'
114114‘
IcidC114b GP
\40
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11/25/2019 IPaC:Resources
Endangered species
This resource list is for informational purposes only and does not constitute an analysis of
project level impacts.
The primary information used to generate this list is the known or expected range of each species.
Additional areas of influence (AOI)for species are also considered. An AOI includes areas outside of
the species range if the species could be indirectly affected by activities in that area (e.g., placing a
dam upstream of a fish population, even if that fish does not occur at the dam site, may indirectly
impact the species by reducing or eliminating water flow downstream). Because species can move,
and site conditions can change, the species on this list are not guaranteed to be found on or near
the project area.To fully determine any potential effects to species, additional site-specific and
project-specific information is often required.
Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act requires Federal agencies to "request of the Secretary
information whether any species which is listed or proposed to be listed may be present in the area
of such proposed action" for any project that is conducted, permitted, funded,or licensed by any
Federal agency.A letter from the local office and a species list which fulfills this requirement can
only be obtained by requesting an official species list from either the Regulatory Review section in
IPaC(see directions below)or from the local field office directly.
For project evaluations that require USFWS concurrence/review, please return to the IPaC website
and request an official species list by doing the following:
1. Log in to IPaC.
2. Go to your My Projects list.
3. Click PROJECT HOME for this project.
4. Click REQUEST SPECIES LIST.
Listed species1 and their critical habitats are managed by the Ecological Services Program of the U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service(USFWS)and the fisheries division of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA Fisheries2).
Species and critical habitats under the sole responsibility of NOAA Fisheries are not shown on this
list. Please contact NOAA Fisheries for species under their jurisdiction.
1. Species listed under the Endangered Species Act are threatened or endangered; IPaC also shows
species that are candidates, or proposed, for listing. See the listing status page for more
information.
2. NOAA Fisheries, also known as the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), is an office of the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration within the Department of Commerce.
The following species are potentially affected by activities in this location:
Mammals
NAME STATUS
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Northern Long-eared Bat Myotis septentrionalis Threatened
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/9045
Birds
NAME STATUS
Red-cockaded Woodpecker Picoides borealis Endangered
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/7614
Wood Stork Mycteria americana Threatened
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/8477
Reptiles
NAME STATUS
American Alligator Alligator mississippiensis SAT
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
baps://ecos.fws.gov/ecpjpecies/776
Insects
NAME STATUS
Saint Francis' Satyr Butterfly N onympha mitchellii francisci Endangered
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecpL .pecies/5419
Flowering Plants
NAME STATUS
American Chaffseed Schwalbea americana Endangered
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/1286
Michaux's Sumac Rhus michauxii Endangered
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/5217
Pondberry Lindera melissifolia Endangered
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/1279
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Rough-leaved Loosestrife Lysimachia asperulaefolia Endangered
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/2747
Critical habitats
Potential effects to critical habitat(s) in this location must be analyzed along with the endangered
species themselves.
THERE ARE NO CRITICAL HABITATS AT THIS LOCATION.
Migratory birds
Certain birds are protected under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act'and the Bald and Golden Eagle
Protection Actz.
Any person or organization who plans or conducts activities that may result in impacts to migratory
birds, eagles, and their habitats should follow appropriate regulations and consider implementing
appropriate conservation measures, as described below.
1. The Migratory Birds Treaty Act of 1918.
2. The Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act of 1940.
Additional information can be found using the following links:
• Birds of Conservation Concern http://www.fws.gov/birds/management/managed-species/
birds-of-conservation-concern.phF R
• Measures for avoiding and minimizing impacts to birds
hit.p://www.fws,gov/birds/management/project-assessment-tools-and-guidance/
conservation-measures.OR
• Nationwide conservation measures for birds
h_ttp://www,fws,gov/migratorybirds/pdf/management/nationwidestandardconservationmeasures.pdf
The birds listed below are birds of particular concern either because they occur on the USFWS Birds
of Conservation Concern (BCC) list or warrant special attention in your project location. To learn
more about the levels of concern for birds on your list and how this list is generated, see the FAQ
below. This is not a list of every bird you may find in this location, nor a guarantee that every bird on
this list will be found in your project area. To see exact locations of where birders and the general
public have sighted birds in and around your project area, visit the E-bird data mapping tool (Tip:
enter your location, desired date range and a species on your list). For projects that occur off the
Atlantic Coast, additional maps and models detailing the relative occurrence and abundance of bird
species on your list are available. Links to additional information about Atlantic Coast birds, and
other important information about your migratory bird list, including how to properly interpret and
use your migratory bird report, can be found below.
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- For guidance on when to schedule activities or implement avoidance and minimization measures to
reduce impacts to migratory birds on your list, click on the PROBABILITY OF PRESENCE SUMMARY at
the top of your list to see when these birds are most likely to be present and breeding in your
project area.
NAME BREEDING SEASON (IF A
BREEDING SEASON IS INDICATED
FOR A BIRD ON YOUR LIST,THE
BIRD MAY BREED IN YOUR
PROJECT AREA SOMETIME WITHIN
THE TIMEFRAME SPECIFIED,
WHICH IS A VERY LIBERAL
ESTIMATE OF THE DATES INSIDE
WHICH THE BIRD BREEDS
ACROSS ITS ENTIRE RANGE.
"BREEDS ELSEWHERE"ft'(! „• S 4
THAT THE BIRD P• OT :" ELY
BREED INktO • 'RO ECT AREA)
American Kestrel Falco sparverius paulus Breeds Apr 1 to Aug 31
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern(BCC)only in particular Bird
Conservation Regions(BCRs)in the continental USA
Prairie Warbler Dendroica discolor Breeds May 1 to Jul 31
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern(BCC)throughout its range in
the continental USA and Alaska.
Prothonotary Warbler Protonotaria:citrea Breeds Apr 1 to Jul 31
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern(BCC)throughout its range in
the continental USA and Alaska.
Red-headed Woodpecker Melanerpes erythrocephalus Breeds May 10 to Sep 10
Thisis a Bird of Conservation Concern(BCC)throughout its range in
the continental USA and Alaska.
Wood Thrush Hylocichla mustelina Breeds May 10 to Aug 31
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern(BCC)throughout its range in
the continental USA and Alaska.
Probability of Presence Summary
The graphs below provide our best understanding of when birds of concern are most likely to be
present in your project area. This information can be used to tailor and schedule your project
activities to avoid or minimize impacts to birds. Please make sure you read and understand the FAQ
"Proper Interpretation and Use of Your Migratory Bird Report" before usingor attempting to
p P g Y p P g
interpret this report.
Probability of Presence ( )
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Each green bar represents the bird's relative probability of presence in the 10km grid cell(s)your
project overlaps during a particular week of the year. (A year is represented as 12 4-week months.) A
taller bar indicates a higher probability of species presence. The survey effort(see below) can be
used to establish a level of confidence in the presence score. One can have higher confidence in the
presence score if the corresponding survey effort is also high.
How is the probability of presence score calculated?The calculation is done in three steps:
1. The probability of presence for each week is calculated as the number of survey events in the
week where the species was detected divided by the total number of survey events for that
week. For example, if in week 12 there were 20 survey events and the Spotted Towhee was
found in 5 of them, the probability of presence of the Spotted Towhee in week 12 is 0.25.
2. To properly present the pattern of presence across the year, the relative probability of presence
is calculated. This is the probability of presence divided by the maximum probability of presence
across all weeks. For example, imagine the probability of presence in week 20 for the Spotted
Towhee is 0.05, and that the probability of presence at week 12(0.25) is the maximum of any
week of the year.The relative probability of presence on week 12 is 0.25/0.25 = 1; at week 20 it is
0.05/0.25 = 0.2.
3.The relative probability of presence calculated in the previous step undergoes a statistical
conversion so that all possible values fall between 0 and 10, inclusive. This is the probability of
presence score.
To see a bar's probability of presence score, simply hover your mouse cursor over the bar.
Breeding Season ( )
Yellow bars denote a very liberal estimate of the time-frame inside which the bird breeds across its
entire range. If there are no yellow bars shown for a bird, it does not breed in your project area.
Survey Effort(I)
Vertical black lines superimposed on probability of presence bars indicate the number of surveys
performed for that species in the 10km grid cell(s)your project area overlaps.The number of
surveys is expressed as a range, for example, 33 to 64 surveys.
To see a bar's survey effort range, simply hover your mouse cursor over the bar.
No Data(-)
A week is marked as having no data if there were no survey events for that week.
Survey Timeframe
Surveys from only the last 10 years are used in order to ensure delivery of currently relevant
information. The exception to this is areas off the Atlantic coast, where bird returns are based on all
years of available data, since data in these areas is currently much more sparse.
probability of presence breeding season I survey effort —no data
SPECIES JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
American Kestrel
BCC-BCR(This is a
Bird of Conservation
Concern(BCC)only in
particular Bird
Conservation Regions
(BCRs)in the
continental USA)
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1 1/2 5120 1 9 IPaC:Resources
• Prairie Warbler
BCC Rangewide
(CON)(This is a Bird
of Conservation
Concern(BCC)
throughout its range
in the continental
USA and Alaska.)
Prothonotary
----- ---- ---- ----
Warbler
BCC Rangewide
(CON)(This is a Bird
of Conservation
Concern(BCC)
throughout its range
in the continental
USA and Alaska.)
;.r
Red-headed _ _
Woodpecker _ JR lil t4$
BCC Rangewide
(CON)(This is a Bird
of Conservation
Concern(BCC)
throughout its range
in the continental
USA and Alaska.)
Wood Thrush
BCC Rangewide
(CON)(This is a Bird
of Conservation
Concern(BCC)
throughout Its range
in the continental
USA and Alaska.)
Tell me more about conservation measures I can implement to avoid or minimize impacts to migratory birds.
Nationwide Conservation Measures describes measures that can help avoid and minimize impacts to all birds at
any location year round.Implementation of these measures is particularly important when birds are most likely to
occur in the project area.When birds may be breeding in the area,identifying the locations of any active nests and
avoiding their destruction is a very helpful impact minimization measure.To see when birds are most likely to
occur and be breeding in your project area,view the Probability of Presence Summary.Additional measures and/or
permits may be advisable depending on the type of activity you are conducting and the type of infrastructure or
bird spies present on your project site.
What does IPaC use to generate the migratory birds potentially occurring in my specified location?
The Migratory Bird Resource List is comprised of USFWS Birds of Conservation Concern (BCC)and other species
that may warrant special attention in your project location.
The migratory bird list generated for your project is derived from data provided by the Avian Knowledge Network
(AKN).The AKN data is based on a growing collection of survey, banding,and citizen science datasets and is
queried and filtered to return a list of those birds reported as occurring in the 10km grid cell(s)which your project
intersects,and that have been identified as warranting special attention because they are a BCC species in that
area,an eagle(Eagle Act requirements may apply), or a species that has a particular vulnerability to offshore
activities or development.
Again,the Migratory Bird Resource list includes only a subset of birds that may occur in your project area. It is not
representative of all birds that may occur in your project area.To get a list of all birds potentially present in your
project area, please visit the AKN Phenology Tool.
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11/25/2019 IPaC:Resources
What does IPaC use to generate the probability of presence graphs for the migratory birds potentially
occurring in my specified location?
The probability of presence graphs associated with your migratory bird list are based on data provided by the
Avian Knowledge Network(AKN).This data is derived from a growing collection of survey, banding,and citizen
science datasets.
Probability of presence data is continuously being updated as new and better information becomes available.To
learn more about how the probability of presence graphs are produced and how to interpret them,go the
Probability of Presence Summary and then click on the "Tell me about these graphs" link.
How do I know if a bird is breeding,wintering, migrating or present year-round in my project area?
To see what part of a particular bird's range your project area falls within(i.e. breeding,wintering, migrating or
year-round),you may refer to the following resources:The Cornell Lab of Ornithology All About Birds Bird Guide, or
(if you are unsuccessful in locating the bird of interest there),the Cornell Lab of Ornithology Neotropical Birds
guide. If a bird on your migratory bird species list has a breeding season associated with it,if that bird does occur
in your project area,there may be nests present at some point within the timeframe specified. If"Breeds
elsewhere"is indicated,then the bird likely does not breed in your project area.
What are the levels of concern for migratory birds?
Migratory birds delivered through IPaC fall into the following distinct categories of concern:
1. "BCC Rangewide"birds are Birds of Conservation Concern(BCC)that are of concern throughout their range
anywhere within the USA(including Hawaii,the Pacific Islands,Puerto Rico,and the Virgin Islands);
2. "BCC-BCR"birds are BCCs that are of concern only in particular Bird Conservation Regions(BCRs)in the
continental USA;and
3. "Non-BCC-Vulnerable"birds are not BCC species in your project area, but appear on your list either because of
the Eagle Act requirements(for eagles)or(for non-eagles)potential susceptibilities in offshore areas from
certain types of development or activities(e.g.offshore energy development or longline fishing).
Although it is important to try to avoid and minimize impacts to all birds,efforts should be made,in particular,to
avoid and minimize impacts tO the birds on this list,especially eagles and BCC species of rangewide concern. For
more information on conservation measures you can implement to help avoid and minimize migratory bird
impacts and requirements for eagles, please see the FAQs for these topics.
Details about birds that are potentially affected by offshore projects
For additional details about the relative occurrence and abundance of both individual bird species and groups of
bird species within your project area off the Atlantic Coast,please visit the Northeast Ocean Data Portal.The Portal
also offers data and information about other taxa besides birds that may be helpful to you in your project review.
Alternately,you may download the bird model results files underlying the portal maps through the NOAA NCCOS
Integrative Statistical Modeling and Predictive Mapping of Marine Bird Distributions and Abundance on the Atlantic
Outer Continental Shelf project webpage.
Bird tracking data can also provide additional details about occurrence and habitat use throughout the year,
including migration. Models relying on survey data may not include this information. For additional information on
marine bird tracking data, see the Diving Bird Study and the nanotag studies or contact Caleb Spiegel or Pam
Loring.
What if I have eagles on my list?
If your project has the potential to disturb or kill eagles,you may need to obtain a permit to avoid violating the
Eagle Act should such impacts occur.
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1 1/2 51201 9 IPaC:Resources
. Proper Interpretation and Use of Your Migratory Bird Report
The migratory bird list generated is not a list of all birds in your project area, only a subset of birds of priority
concern.To learn more about how your list is generated, and see options for identifying what other birds may be in
your project area, please see the FAQ"What does IPaC use to generate the migratory birds potentially occurring in
my specified location". Please be aware this report provides the"probability of presence"of birds within the 10 km
grid cell(s)that overlap your project; not your exact project footprint. On the graphs provided, please also look
carefully at the survey effort(indicated by the black vertical bar)and for the existence of the"no data"indicator(a
red horizontal bar).A high survey effort is the key component. If the survey effort is high,then the probability of
presence score can be viewed as more dependable. In contrast, a low survey effort bar or no data bar means a lack
of data and,therefore,a lack of certainty about presence of the species.This list is not perfect; it is simply a starting
point for identifying what birds of concern have the potential to be in your project area,when they might be there,
and if they might be breeding(which means nests might be present).The list helps you know what to look for to
confirm presence, and helps guide you in knowing when to implement conservation measures to avoid or minimize
potential impacts from your project activities,should presence be confirmed.To learn more about conservation
measures,visit the FAQ"Tell me about conservation measures I can implement to avoid or minimize impacts to
migratory birds"at the bottom of your migratory bird trust resources page.
Facilities
National Wildlife Refuge lands
Any activity proposed on lands managed by the National Wildlife Refuge system must undergo a
'Compatibility Determination'conducted by the Refuge. Please contact the individual Refuges to
discuss any questions or concerns.
THERE ARE NO REFUGE LANDS AT THIS LOCATION.
Fish hatcheries
THESE ARE NO FISH HATCHERIES AT THIS LOCATION.
Wetlands in the National Wetlands Inventory
Impacts to NWI wetlands and other aquatic habitats may be subject to regulation under Section 404
of the Clean Water Act, or other State/Federal statutes.
For more information please contact the Regulatory Program of the local U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers District.
Please note that the NWI data being shown may be out of date. We are currently working to update
our NWI data set. We recommend you verify these results with a site visit to determine the actual
extent of wetlands on site.
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This location overlaps the following wetlands: •
FRESHWATER FORESTED/SHRUB WETLAND
PFO1C
P FO 1/2F
LAKE
L1 UBHh
RIVERINE
R5UBH
A full description for each wetland code can be found at the National Wetlands Inventory website
Data limitations
The Service's objective of mapping wetlands and deepwater habitats is to produce reconnaissance level
information on the location,type and size of these resources.The maps are prepared from the analysis of high
altitude imagery.Wetlands are identified based on vegetation,visible hydrology and geography.A margin of error
is inherent in the use of imagery;thus, detailed on-the-ground inspection of any particular site may result in
revision of the wetland boundaries or classification established through image analysis.
The accuracy of image interpretation depends on the qualityof the imagery,the experience of the image analysts,
the amount and quality of the collateral data and the amount of ground truth verification work conducted.
Metadata should be consulted to determine the date of the source imagery used and any mapping problems.
Wetlands or other mapped features may have changed since the date of the imagery or field work.There may be
occasional differences in polygon boundaries or classifications between the information depicted on the map and
the actual conditions on site.
Data exclusions
Certain wetland habitats are excluded from the National mapping program because of the limitations of aerial
imagery as the primary data source used to detect wetlands.These habitats include seagrasses or submerged
aquatic vegetation that are found in the intertidal and subtidal zones of estuaries and nearshore coastal waters.
Some deepwater reef communities(coral or tuberficid worm reefs)have also been excluded from the inventory.
These habitats,because of their depth,go undetected by aerial imagery.
Data precautions
Federal,state,and local regulatory agencies with jurisdiction over wetlands may define and describe wetlands in a
different manner than that used in this inventory.There is no attempt, in either the design or products of this
inventory,to define the limits of proprietary jurisdiction of any Federal,state,or local government or to establish
the geographical scope of the regulatory programs of government agencies. Persons intending to engage in
activities involving modifications within or adjacent to wetland areas should seek the advice of appropriate federal,
state, or local agencies concerning specified agency regulatory programs and proprietary jurisdictions that may
affect such activities.
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11/25Y2019 Bladen County Endangered Species,Threatened Species,Federal Species of Concern,and Candidate Species
• L;
121
Endangered Species, Threatened Species,Federal Species of Concern,
and Candidate Species,
Bladen County, North Carolina
r��1. 4� ■u g IMPS'p elmaif
to
lle
Note:Marine Threatened and Endangered Species information can be found at the National Marine Fiseries
Service(NMFS) Endangered and Threatened Species website
Updated: 06-27-2018
Common Name Scientific name Federal Record Status
Status
Vertebrate:
American alligator Alligator mississippiensis T (S/A) Current
Bald eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus BGPA Current
Carolina gopher frog Rana capito capito ARS Current
Northern long-eared bat Myotis septentrionalis T Current
Red-cockaded woodpecker Picoides borealis E Current
Southern hognose snake Heterodon simus ARS Current
Wood stork Mycteria americana T Current
Invertebrate:
Atlantic pigtoe Range by Basin Fusconaia masoni ARS Current
Variegated clubtail Progomphus bellei ARS Current
Vascular Plant:
American chaffseed Schwalbea americana E Historic
Boykin's lobelia Lobelia boykinii ARS Historic
Carolina bogmint Macbridea caroliniana ARS Current
Pon dberry_ Lindera melissifolia E Historic
Rough-leaved loosestrife Lysimachia asperulaefolia E Current
Venus' fly-trap Dionaea muscipula ARS Current
Nonvascular Plant:
Lichen:
Definitions of Federal Status Codes:
E = endangered. A taxon "in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range."
T=threatened. A taxon "likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a
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11/25/2019 Bladen County Endangered Species,Threatened Species,Federal Species of Concern,and Candidate Species
significant portion of its range." •
C=candidate. A taxon under consideration for official listing for which there is sufficient information to support
listing. (Formerly "Cl" candidate species.)
BGPA=Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act. See below.
ARS=At Risk Species. Species that are Petitioned, Candidates or Proposed for Listing under the Endangered
Species Act. Consultation under Section 7(a)(2)of the ESA is not required for Candidate or Proposed species;
although a Conference, as described under Section 7(a)(4) of the ESA is recommended for actions affecting
species proposed for listing.
FSC=Federal Species of Concern. FSC is an informal term. It is not defined in the federal Endangered Species
Act. In North Carolina,the Asheville and Raleigh Field Offices of the US Fish and Wildlife Service(Service)
define Federal Species of Concern as those species that appear to be in decline or otherwise in need of
conservation and are under consideration for listing or for which there is insufficient information to support
listing at this time.Subsumed under the term "FSC" are all species petitioned by outside parties and other
selected focal species identified in Service strategic plans, State Wildlife Action Plans,or Natural Heritage
Program Lists.
T(S/A)=threatened due to similarity of appearance. A taxon that is threatened due to similarity of appearance
with another listed species and is listed for its protection. Taxa listed as T(S/A)are not biologically endangered
or threatened and are not subject to Section 7 consultation. See below.
EXP=experimental population. A taxon listed as experimental (either essential or nonessential). Experimental,
nonessential populations of endangered species (e.g.,red wolf) are treated as threatened species on public land,
for consultation purposes, and as species proposed for listing on private land.
P=proposed. Taxa proposed for official listing as endangered or threatened will be noted as "PE" or"PT",
respectively.
Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act(BGPA):
In the July 9, 2007 Federal Register( 72:37346-37372),the bald eagle was declared recovered, and removed(de-
listed) from the Federal List of Threatened and Endangered wildlife. This delisting took effect August 8,2007.
After delisting,the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act(Eagle Act) (16 U.S.C. 668-668d)becomes the
primary law protecting bald eagles. The Eagle Act prohibits take of bald and golden eagles and provides a
statutory definition of"take" that includes "disturb". The USFWS has developed National Bald Eagle
Management Guidelines to provide guidance to land managers, landowners,and others as to how to avoid
disturbing bald eagles. For mor information,visit http://www.fws.gov/migratorybirds/baldeagle.htm
Threatened due to similarity of appearance(T(SS/A))_
In the November 4, 1997 Federal Register(55822-55825),the northern population of the bog turtle(from New
York south to Maryland)was listed as T(threatened), and the southern population(from Virginia south to
Georgia)was listed as T(S/A) (threatened due to similarity of appearance). The T(S/A)designation bans the
collection and interstate and international commercial trade of bog turtles from the southern population. The
T(S/A)designation has no effect on land management activities by private landowners in North Carolina,part of
the southern population of the species. In addition to its official status as T(S/A), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service considers the southern population of the bog turtle as a Federal species of concern due to habitat loss.
Definitions of Record Status:
Current-the species has been observed in the county within the last 50 years.
Historic -the species was last observed in the county more than 50 years ago.
Obscure-the date and/or location of observation is uncertain.
Incidental/migrant-the species was observed outside of its normal range or habitat.
Probable/potential-the species is considered likely to occur in this county based on the proximity of known
records (in adjacent counties), the presence of potentially suitable habitat, or both.
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11/2512019 Cumberland County Endangered Species,Threatened Species,Federal Species of Concern,and Candidate Species
eet.;
Endangered Species, Threatened Species,Federal Species of Concern,
and Candidate Species,
Cumberland County, North Carolina
■-tea F mat
siggilastRommot 110.01
alit,4411„
Updated: 06-27-2018
Common Name Scientific name Federal Record Status
Status
Vertebrate:
American alligator Alligator mississippiensis T(S/A) Current
Cape Fear shiner Range by Basin Notropis mekistocholas E Current
Carolina gopher frog Rana capito capito ARS Current
Red-cockaded woodpecker Picoides borealis E Current
Southern hognose snake Heterodon simus ARS Obscure
Invertebrate:
Atlantic pigtoe Range by Basin Fusconaia masoni ARS Historic
Saint Francis' satyr butterfly Neonympha mitchellii francisci E Current
Vascular Plant:
American chaffseed Schwalbea americana E Current
Bog spicebush Lindera subcoriacea ARS Current
Boykin's lobelia Lobelia boykinii ARS Current
Georgia lead-plant Amorpha georgiana var.georgiana ARS Current
Michaux's sumac Rhus michauxii E Current
Pondberry_ Lindera melissifolia E Current
Rough-leaved loosestrife Lysimachia asperulaefolia E Current
Venus' fly-trap Dionaea muscipula ARS Current
Nonvascular Plant:
Lichen:
Definitions of Federal Status Codes:
E=endangered.A taxon "in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range."
T=threatened. A taxon "likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a
significant portion of its range."
C=candidate. A taxon under consideration for official listing for which there is sufficient information to support
listing. (Formerly"Cl" candidate species.)
https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/cntylist/cumberland.html 1/2

11/25/2019 Cumberland County Endangered Species,Threatened Species,Federal Species of Concern,and Candidate Species
BGPA=Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act. See below. •
ARS=At Risk Species. Species that are Petitioned, Candidates or Proposed for Listing under the Endangered
Species Act. Consultation under Section 7(a)(2)of the ESA is not required for Candidate or Proposed species;
although a Conference,as described under Section 7(a)(4)of the ESA is recommended for actions affecting
species proposed for listing.
FSC=Federal Species of Concern. FSC is an informal term. It is not defined in the federal Endangered Species
Act. In North Carolina,the Asheville and Raleigh Field Offices of the US Fish and Wildlife Service(Service)
define Federal Species of Concern as those species that appear to be in decline or otherwise in need of
conservation and are under consideration for listing or for which there is insufficient information to support
listing at this time.Subsumed under the term "FSC" are all species petitioned by outside parties and other
selected focal species identified in Service strategic plans, State Wildlife Action Plans, or Natural Heritage
Program Lists.
T(S/A)=threatened due to similarity of appearance. A taxon that is threatened due to similarity of appearance
with another listed species and is listed for its protection. Taxa listed as T(S/A)are not biologically endangered
or threatened and are not subject to Section 7 consultation. See below.
EXP=experimental population.A taxon listed as experimental(either essential or nonessential). Experimental,
nonessential populations of endangered species(e.g., red wolf)are treated as threatened species on public land,
for consultation purposes,and as species proposed for listing on private land.
P=proposed. Taxa proposed for official listing as endangered or threatened will be noted as "PE" or"PT",
respectively.
Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act(BGPA):
In the July 9,2007 Federal Register( 72:37346-37372), the bald eagle was declared recovered,and removed(de-
listed)from the Federal List of Threatened and Endangered wildlife. This delisting took effect August 8,2007.
After delisting, the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act(Eagle Act) (16 U.S.C. 668-668d)becomes the
primary law protecting bald eagles. The Eagle Act prohibits take of bald and golden eagles and provides a
statutory definition of"take" that includes "disturb". The USFWS has developed National Bald Eagle
Management Guidelines to provide guidance to land managers, landowners, and others as to how to avoid
disturbing bald eagles. For mor information,visit h�tp://www.fws.gov/migratorybirds/baldeagle.htm
Threatened due to similarity of appearance(T(SS/A))_
In the November 4, 1997 Federal Register(55822-55825),the northern population of the bog turtle(from New
York south to Maryland)was listed as T(threatened), and the southern population(from Virginia south to
Georgia)was listed as T(S/A) (threatened due to similarity of appearance). The T(S/A) designation bans the
collection and interstate and international commercial trade of bog turtles from the southern population. The
T(S/A) designation has no effect on land management activities by private landowners in North Carolina,part of
the southern population of the species. In addition to its official status as T(S/A), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service considers the southern population of the bog turtle as a Federal species of concern due to habitat loss.
Definitions of Record Status:
Current-the species has been observed in the county within the last 50 years.
Historic-the species was last observed in the county more than 50 years ago.
Obscure-the date and/or location of observation is uncertain.
Incidental/migrant-the species was observed outside of its normal range or habitat.
Probable/potential-the species is considered likely to occur in this county based on the proximity of known
records (in adjacent counties),the presence of potentially suitable habitat, or both.
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