20201292 Ver 1_Final Draft Mitigation Plan_2021_20211108

ID#* 20201292
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Erin Davis
Initial Review Completed Date 11/08/2021
Mitigation Project Submittal - 11/8/2021
Version* 1
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Stream Wetlands Buffer Nutrient Offset
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Jeremiah Dow
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ID#:* 20201292
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• DMS Mitigation Bank
Crane Mitigation Site
Lee
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Mitigation Plans
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FINAL DRAFT MITIGATION PLAN
CRANE MITIGATION SITE
Lee County, North Carolina
DMS Project ID No. 100165
Full Delivery Contract No. 0302-01
USACE Action ID No. SAW-2020-01401
DWR Project No. 20201292
RFP No. 16-20190302
Cape Fear River Basin
Cataloging Unit 03030004
Prepared for:
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
DIVISION OF MITIGATION SERVICES
1652 MAIL SERVICE CENTER
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27699-1652
October 2021

FINAL DRAFT MITIGATION PLAN
CRANE MITIGATION SITE
Lee County, North Carolina
DMS Project ID No. 100165
Full Delivery Contract No. 0302-01
USACE Action ID No. SAW-2020-01401
DWR Project No. 20201292
RFP No. 16-20190302
Cape Fear River Basin
Cataloging Unit 03030004
Prepared for:
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
DIVISION OF MITIGATION SERVICES
1652 MAIL SERVICE CENTER
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27699-1652
Restoration Systems, LLC
1101 Haynes Street, Suite 211
Raleigh, North Carolina 27604
Contact: Raymond Holz
919-755-9490 (phone)
919-755-9492 (fax)
Prepared by:
And
October 2021
Axiom Environmental, Inc.
Axiom Environmental, Inc.
218 Snow Avenue
Raleigh, North Carolina 27603
Contact: Grant Lewis
919-215-1693 (phone)
This mitigation plan has been written in conformance with the requirements of the following:
• Federal rule for compensatory mitigation project sites as described in the Federal Register Title
33 Navigation and Navigable Waters Volume 3 Chapter 2 Section § 332.8 paragraphs (c)(2)
through (c)(14).
• NCDEQ Division of Mitigation Services In -Lieu Fee Instrument signed and dated July 28, 2010
These documents govern NCDMS operations and procedures for the delivery of compensatory mitigation.
This document was assembled using the June 2017 DMS Stream and Wetland Mitigation Plan Template
and Guidance and the October 24, 2016 NC Interagency Review Team Wilmington District Stream and
Wetland Compensatory Mitigation Update.

DMS Comments with Responses
1. Table of Contents — There is not a Table 5 or 12. List of tables goes from Table 4 (p. 4) to Table 6
(p. 7) and Table 11 (p.22) to Table 13 (p.23). This may be related to Table numbers being off in
the report as detailed in comment #4 below.
Table numbers have been corrected in the Table of Contents and throughout the
document.
2. Section 1.3
On page 1 of Section 1.3 "Physiography and Land Use" the first sentence of the second
paragraph states "The site provides water quality functions to watersheds ...". Please
explain how the site provides water quality function.
The site currently provides little water quality function. The sentence was changed to,
"Site watershed sizes range from approximately 0.02 square miles (12.2 acres) on UT3
to 0.15 square miles (97.5 acres) on UT 1 at the outfall (Figure 4, Appendix A)."
3rd paragraph — A "ditch network" is described here. Is this referring to the ditched
jurisdictional stream channels or an actual separate ditching network? If the latter these
features should be included in the mapping. If the former, it should be made clear that
the jurisdictional stream features were ditched. Please clarify.
The wording was changed to clarify that the majority of site jurisdictional streams have
been ditched.
3. Table 1— Please state the width of the easement break in the Comments column of the Table in
the row for UT1 Reach 2.
"60 foot easement break for crossing" was added to the comments column.
4. Table 4
a. Post project length for UT 1 is listed as 2,529 If, but summing the numbers in Table 1
returns 2,429 If.
The UT1 length in table 4 was revised to 2429 ft.
b. The second part of Table 4 on page 5 is incorrectly labeled Table 5. This has made nearly
all Table references throughout the mitigation plan to be off. Please correct and ensure
all Table numbers and references in the text throughout the document are correct.
Table numbers have been corrected in the Table of Contents and throughout the
document.
c. Project name in table header is written as Crane Restoration Site. Please change to
Crane Mitigation Site.
The table header w�
d. Please correct the Regulatory Considerations section as neither the 404 or 401 permits
have been resolved.
This was corrected.
5. Section 2 —The 5th bullet point says the "Site received nonpoint source of inputs from municipal
sludge application." Is this accurate, and if so, will the practice continue on the property? If it
does continue, will the property owner ensure that there is a buffer between the easement
boundary and sludge application?
This is inaccurate and has been removed form the document.

6. Table -7 — Was UT1 broken in half in this table? If possible, or for future reference, it would be
less confusing and more useful to catalog the restoration reaches separately from the
Enhancement reaches.
UT 1 was broken at the confluence with UT5. It has now been combined into one reach.
7. Section 3.4, UT5 — 3rd paragraph states that "The vegetative community in the upper reaches of
UT 5 is similar to UT 1 and was probably a Sandhills streamhead swamp or Coastal Plain small
stream swamp." To clarify, is this referring to the upper part of UT5 or the area between the top
of UT5 and the pond?
This is referring to the area upstream from the origin point. The paragraph was revised
to clarify this.
8. Table 97
a. Report Contributing Drainage Area in acres.
The drainage area values have been revised to acres instead of square miles.
b. There are discrepancies between Table 8 and Table 131. The table shows the design
discharge for UT1 is three times larger than the existing discharge and design discharge
changing, in some cases dramatically, between existing and proposed. Please check all
data reported in this Table because there seem to be numerous errors.
The discharge values in Table 7 (previously mislabeled as Table 8) have been corrected.
9. Section 3.5.1
a. Please ensure acreage of wetlands matches Table 1, i.e., reestablishment wetlands are
shown here as 8.816 acres and 8.815 acres in Table 1 and rehabilitation wetlands show
0.684 versus 0.683.
These acreages have been corrected to match Table 1.
b. 3rd paragraph —What is meant by the "requested annual monitoring growing season
length"?
The word "requested" has been replaced with "expected" to clarify.
10. Section 4 — The drainage areas of two reference reaches selected for the project seem to be
much larger than the drainage areas of U2, UT3, and UT4. Please discuss why no similar drainage
area reference reaches were selected for those smaller reaches.
Reference measurements allow for establishment of dimensionless ratios which can be
used for design of stream channels of all dimensions. Therefore, it was determined that
the two reference reaches would be adequate for determining proposed channel
dimension, regardless of drainage area. This is particularly true because the Crane
reference reach is immediately downstream from the site on UT 1.
11. Section 4.1.1.4 and 4.1.2.4 — second paragraph of both sections reference Section 3.5 for a more
detailed discussion on bankfull verification. This should be Section 5.2.
This reference has been corrected.
12. Table 10 (there are two tables labeled Table 10, this is referencing the stream power table) —
The existing discharge and design discharge listed in this table are different compared to what is
listed in Table 8. Please make changes where necessary.
The bankfull discharges and all other affected variables were updated.
13. Section 5.2 — Last sentence of second paragraph indicates discharge for Hall and Crane using the
piedmont curve is 18 and 20.5 cfs respectively. What coefficients and power functions are being
used for discharge in the piedmont curve? Please provide a plot of the data used in the analysis.

The regional curves for the piedmont were developed in 1999 and have been used for
over a decade reliably. Curve data plots can be found in Harman 1999. The discharge
formula for the piedmont curves is: Q = 89.039(DAo.7113)
14. Table 11
a. The column labeled "Discharge (cfs)" appear to be incorrect, i.e., couple of paragraphs
above says Hall and Crane bankfull discharge based on Piedmont regional curve are 18
and 20.5 cfs respectively. This Table lists 5.1 cfs and 7.4 cfs respectively. Are these cross
sectional areas in the Table? Please clarify.
The table has been edited to include the actual predicted discharges. Additionally, a
column was added to indicate the percentage of the regional curves.
b. This Table is one of two tables listed as Table 11 and is not included in the table of
contents.
Table numbering has been corrected.
15. Section 7.7 — Please include easement break width in discussion.
The width of the easement break (60 feet) was included in this discussion.
16. Section 8.1.1— While bridges can be constructed above the ordinary high water mark (OHWM)
and not trigger 404/401 permitting, this section discusses placing riprap for stabilization, and
presumably much of that riprap will be placed below the OHWM, triggering the need for
permitting. With the bridge slated to be designed at a later date, can RS adequately assess
stream impacts associated with the bridge for permitting? Will the entire length of the
easement break be stabilized with riprap?
Less than one cubic yard of rip -rap will be placed below the OHWM (certainly less than
a pipe or forded crossing). Bridge crossing details will be included in construction/
permit drawings.
17. Section 8.1.2 — Please remove this section. There is no E1 on this project.
This section has been removed.
18. Section 8.1.3 —This section mentions fencing. Will there be fencing on this project? If so, a
fencing plan will need to be included in the preliminary construction drawings. If not, please
remove references to fencing.
As livestock activity is expected to continue outside the easement, fencing will be
constructed. A fencing plan has been included in the preliminary construction drawings
see Sheets L2.00 — L2.04.
19. Table 16
a. UT4 says "Install a marsh treatment area immediately up -valley from the upper reaches
of the jurisdictional stream." Is this saying up -slope along the upper parts of UT4 or
above the jurisdictional extent of UT4 which extends to the conservation easement
boundary? Please show the marsh treatment area on Figure 10 and in the construction
plan sheets in Appendix L (Sheet C5.12).
Due to the proximity of the easement boundary and an upstream landowner crossing,
no marsh treatment area will be necessary upstream from UT 4.
b. Every reach has the phrase "Remove livestock from the property." UT1 is the only reach
to list fencing. Is this accurate? Please clarify and update the Table as needed, whether
fencing is being installed or livestock are being removed all together, or a combination
of the two.

The entire site will be fenced. This was added to each reach description in Table 16.
20. Section 8.3
Please clarify why the first sentence starts with "Alternatives for..."
The sentence was revised for clarity, and the phrase "alternatives for" was removed.
b. Reestablishment and rehabilitation acreage should match Table 1.
The acreages have been revised to match Table 1.
c. This section (and Table 14) mention the removal of drain tiles. Please show the drain tile
network on Figure 5 in Appendix A.
There is no known drain tile on site. This has been removed from the Wetland
Reestablishment discussion in section 8.3 and Table 14.
21. Table 21
a. DMS is now requesting a single growing season for the monitoring phase of the project
be established; this may be modified from the WETS documented growing season, and if
so, data to include bud burst and soil temperature must be submitted to verify
proposed dates. There should not be different growing seasons for each monitoring
year. The note at the bottom of the Table is somewhat unclear as to whether the
growing season would be fluid or fixed.
Growing season will begin on March 1 and confirmed by soil temperatures >41' F along
with documented bud bursts of two species. The modified growing season start date is
justified by observations of soil temperature and bud bursts at the NCDMS Arabia Bay
Site in nearby Hoke County. As the beginning of the growing season is modified the end
of the growing season will be modified by using the most recent 30-year (1991-2020)
temperature data from the nearest WETS station (Sanford 8 NE, NC) with historic data
available. This WETS station has the growing season ending on November 81" when
evaluating the 50% probability of air temperatures being >28° F from 1991-2020. A
growing season from March Is'— November 81" results in a 253-day growing season.
The note at the bottom of Table 20 has been updated to include this information and
proposed modified growing season.
b. Recommend merging the Number/Extent for hydrology. If each reach will have a
continuous stage recorder it can monitor for both baseflow and overbank events. For
clarity, recommend not using the term crest gauge since there will be continuous stage
recorders. Figure 13 should reflect this as well.
The "Number/Extent" cells were merged for Stream Hydrology and Bankfull Events.
Additionally, Figure 13 was revised to show only continuous stage surface water gauges,
rather than flow gauges and crest gauges.
22. Table 22 — Please note that volunteer stems included on the approved planting list can only be
counted toward success after they have been in the ground for 2 years.
This was noted in Table 22.
23. Appendix A
a. Figure 10 — Incorrectly says a forded stream crossing will be installed on UT-1, Reach 2.
This text was changed to indicate a bridge crossing.

b. Figure 12 — It appears that the legend has the Coastal Plain Bottomland Hardwood
Forest and Coastal Plain Small Stream Swamp planting zones mixed up. Currently the
map contradicts text in Section 3.4 and Section 4.2.
The legend was corrected to indicate the correct planting zones.
24. Appendix L —Construction Plan Sheets
a. If fencing is proposed, a fencing plan should be included in the proposed construction
drawings.
A fencing plan has been included in the preliminary construction drawings see Sheets
L2.00 — L2.04.
b. Sheet C1.01— Legend shows graphic for Proposed Log Sill, however no log sills are
proposed in the plans and a typical was not included.
Log sills are proposed at UT3 station 0+00 and UT5 station 0+00. Log sills will be set bed
grade at the upstream end of the restoration reach where the existing channel will be
partially filled. A detail has been added to the plan set (sheet C8.05).
c. Sheet C5.12 — Please include location of marsh treatment area here or on the
appropriate plan sheet if different.
Marsh treatment area detail has been removed from the preliminary construction
drawings.
d. Sheet L2.00 — Same issue as Figure 12 in that it appears that the legend has the Coastal
Plain Bottomland Hardwood Forest and Coastal Plain Small Stream Swamp planting
zones mixed up.
The planting plan legend is now L5.00 (previously sheet L2.00) and has been updated to
reflect the correct planting zones.
e. Every structure proposed for the project (with the exception of one riffle at the start of
UT1, R2) is a pool structure. Will woody debris be added to riffles? If so, please add a
discussion in Section 8.1.1. Will any other work occur within constructed riffle sections?
We are not proposing any work in riffle sections outside of normal stream bed and
bank grading activities. In our experience, adding woody debris to a newly -constructed
system of this gradient does more harm to the stream bed than good. Woody debris is
expected to be introduced naturally from willow stakes and other planted woody
vegetation as the system stabilizes. Also, as this is a sand bed system, no additional
riffle bed material will be necessary. Sand is expected to establish naturally through the
system post -construction from nearby sediment sources.
Digital Files
1. Thank you for using the Stream and Wetland Asset Tool, DMS appreciates this very much.
We are happy to implement a new tool.
2. Note that there were errors included in the StreamAsset and WetlandAsset error tables,
outlined below:
a. The SubReachlD_Unique error is being thrown because the Subreach ID's are not unique
across the project. The best way to avoid this is to specify a Subreach ID sequentially, in
this case from 1-10. Please update this field so that there are no more
SubReachlDUnique errors and verify that the asset table's reach names correspond.
Subreach ID's have been renamed sequentially (1-9).
b. Both the credit generating valley length feature and the stream alignment for UT1_1
were included in the StreamAssets feature class. In the future, only credit generating

features need to be included in the submission. You'll want to re -run the tool so that the
MitPlanCSV excludes the non -creditable feature or delete this row from the CSV.
The non -creditable feature was removed from the submission template prior to re-
running the tool.
c. There are errors for Station Length, which are being generated by differences between
the Station Length field and the GIS Length field. Most of these errors are being caused
by a difference of 1 ft., aside from the difference caused by the valley length feature and
the 3 ft. difference for UT5. We understand some of these errors may be caused by
rounding, but is there any other indication of what may be causing these and the 3 ft.
difference at UT5? Are these differences resolvable? DMS will expect an error to occur
for the valley length feature.
Most stationing differences were caused by rounding. Corrections in stationing labels
have been made where applicable throughout the construction plans.
d. The errors in the WetlandAsset ErrorTable are caused by the lack of an overlap with a
PreJD feature. If possible, please include pre -jurisdictional wetland features in the tool.
The pre -jurisdictional wetland features were included in the latest output.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 PROJECT INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................... 1
1.1
Directions to Site......................................................................................................................................1
1.2
USGS Hydrologic Unit Code and NCDWR River Basin Designation..........................................................1
1.3
Physiography and Land Use.....................................................................................................................1
1A
Project Components and Structure..........................................................................................................2
2 WATERSHED APPROACH AND SITE SELECTION.........................................................................................
6
3 BASELINE AND EXISTING CONDITIONS.....................................................................................................
7
3,1
Soils and Land Form.................................................................................................................................7
3,2
Sediment Model.......................................................................................................................................8
33
Nutrient Model.........................................................................................................................................8
3.4
Project Site Streams.................................................................................................................................9
3.4.1 Existing Conditions Survey.....................................................................................................13
3.4.2 Channel Classification and Morphology................................................................................13
3.4.3 Channel Evolution..................................................................................................................13
3.4.4 Valley Classification...............................................................................................................13
3.4.5 Discharge...............................................................................................................................13
3,5
Project Site Wetlands.............................................................................................................................15
3.5.1 Hydrological Characterization...............................................................................................15
3.5.2 Soil Characterization..............................................................................................................15
4 REFERENCE STUDIES...............................................................................................................................16
4.1 Reference Streams.................................................................................................................................16
4.1.1 Hall Reference Reach.............................................................................................................16
4.1.2 Crane Reference Reach.........................................................................................................17
4.2 Reference Forest Ecosystem..................................................................................................................18
4.3 Freshwater Marsh..................................................................................................................................19
5 CHANNEL ASSESSMENTS........................................................................................................................19
5.1
Channel Stability Assessment.................................................................................................................19
5.2
Bankfull Verification...............................................................................................................................21
6 FUNCTIONAL UPLIFT AND PROJECT GOALS/OBJECTIVES..........................................................................22
7 SITE
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION CONSTRAINTS...............................................................................25
7,1
Threatened & Endangered Species........................................................................................................25
7.2
Cultural Resources.................................................................................................................................26
73
North Carolina Natural Heritage Elements............................................................................................26
7.4
FEMA......................................................................................................................................................26
7.5
Utilities...................................................................................................................................................26
7.6
Air Transport Facilities...........................................................................................................................26
7.7
Easement Breaks....................................................................................................................................26
8 DESIGN APPROACH AND MITIGATION WORK PLAN................................................................................26
81 Stream Design........................................................................................................................................26
8.1.1 Stream Restoration................................................................................................................27
8.1.2 Stream Enhancement (Level II)..............................................................................................27
8.2 Individual Reach Discussions..................................................................................................................27
8.3 Wetland Enhancement, Reestablishment, and Rehabilitation
..............................................................29
8ASoil Restoration......................................................................................................................................29
8.5 Natural Plant Community Restoration...................................................................................................29
8.5.1 Planting Plan..........................................................................................................................30
8.5.2 Nuisance Species Management.............................................................................................33
9 MONITORING AND SUCCESS CRITERIA....................................................................................................33
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165)
Table of Contents page i
Crane Mitigation Site
Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina
October 2021

9.1 Success Criteria......................................................................................................................................35
9.2 Contingency...........................................................................................................................................35
9.2.1 Stream Contingency..............................................................................................................35
9.2.2 Wetland Contingency............................................................................................................36
9.2.3 Vegetation Contingency........................................................................................................37
9.3 Compatibility with Project Goals............................................................................................................37
10 ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT PLAN.............................................................................................................39
11 LONG-TERM MANAGEMENT PLAN..........................................................................................................39
12 REFERENCES...........................................................................................................................................39
TABLES
Table 1. Project Components and Mitigation Credits....................................................................................................3
Table 2. Project Activity and Reporting History.............................................................................................................4
Table3. Project Contacts Table.....................................................................................................................................4
Table 4. Project Attribute Table.....................................................................................................................................4
Table 5. Web Soil Survey Soils Mapped within the Site................................................................................................7
Table 6. BEHI and NBS Modeling Summary...................................................................................................................8
Table 7. Essential Morphology Parameters.................................................................................................................14
Table 8. Representative Soil Profile Descriptions........................................................................................................16
Table 9. Reference Forest Ecosystem..........................................................................................................................19
Table 10. Stream Power (Q) and Shear Stress (i) Values............................................................................................20
Table 11. Reference Reach Bankfull Discharge Analysis..............................................................................................21
Table12. NC SAM Summary........................................................................................................................................22
Table13. NC WAM Summary......................................................................................................................................23
Table 14. Targeted Functions, Goals, Objectives, and Uplift Evaluation.....................................................................24
Table 15. Endangered Species Act Determinations.....................................................................................................25
Table 16. Individual Reach Descriptions and Functional Uplift...................................................................................28
Table17. Planting Plan................................................................................................................................................31
Table18. Seed Mix.......................................................................................................................................................32
Table19. Monitoring Schedule....................................................................................................................................33
Table20. Monitoring Summary...................................................................................................................................34
Table21. Success Criteria............................................................................................................................................35
Table 22. Compatibility of Performance Criteria to Project Goals and Objectives......................................................38
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A. FIGURES
Figure 1.
Site Location
Figure 2.
Reference Site Location
Figure 3.
Hydrologic Unit Map
Figure 4.
Topography and Drainage Area
Figure 5.
Existing Conditions and Soils
Figure 6.
Historic Photos
Figure 7.
Soil Borings
Figure 8.
Lidar
Figure 9.
Reference Site Dimension, Pattern, and Profile
Figure 10.
Restoration Plan
Figure 11.
Proposed Dimension, Pattern, and Profile
Figure 12.
Planting Plan
Figure 13.
Monitoring Plan
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165)
Crane Mitigation Site
Lee County, North Carolina
Table of Contents page ii
Restoration Systems, LLC
October 2021

APPENDICES CONTINUED
APPENDIX B. EXISTING STREAM & WETLAND DATA
Table B1. Crane Morphological Stream Characteristics
Figure B1. Cross Section Locations
Existing Stream Cross-section Data
NC SAM Forms
NC WAM Forms
BEHI/NBS Data
Soil Boring Logs
Pre -Construction Groundwater Gauge Graphs
Antecedent Precipitation Data
APPENDIXC. FLOOD FREQUENCY ANALYSIS DATA
APPENDIX D. JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION INFORMATION
APPENDIX E. NC NHP LETTER AND CATEGORICAL EXCLUSION DOCUMENT
APPENDIX F. FEMA COORDINATION
APPENDIXG. FINANCIAL ASSURANCE
APPENDIX H. SITE PROTECTION INSTRUMENT
APPENDIX I. CREDIT RELEASE SCHEDULE
APPENDIXJ. MAINTENANCE PLAN
APPENDIX K. IRT POST VISIT NOTES
APPENDIX L. CONSTRUCTION PLANS
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) Table of Contents page iii
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

I PROJECT INTRODUCTION
The Crane Mitigation Site (hereafter referred to as the "Site") encompasses 27.7 acres of disturbed forest
and livestock pasture along headwater tributaries to Little Crane Creek. The Site is located approximately
two miles southwest of Lemon Springs, eight miles southwest of Sanford, and west of Rocky Fork Church
Road (SR 1179) (Figures 1 and 2, Appendix A).
1.1 Directions to Site
Directions to the Site from Raleigh, North Carolina.
➢ Follow US-1 South for 47 miles,
➢ Turn left onto Rocky Fork Church Road,
➢ After 3.5 miles, the Site is on the right.
o Site Latitude, Longitude
35.365072° N,-79.219292° W (WGS84)
1.2 USGS Hydrologic Unit Code and NCDWR River Basin Designation
The Site is located within Targeted Local Watershed (TLW) 03030004070010 (North Carolina Division of
Water Resources [NCDWR] subbasin number 03-06-14. The Site is also located within a Local Watershed
Planning (LWP) area, Hydrology Targeted Resource Area (TRA), and Water Quality TRA due to
modifications/stressors in the watershed (Figure 3, Appendix A). Site hydrology drains to unnamed
tributaries to Little Crane Creek (Stream Index Number 18-23-16-4), assigned a Best Usage Classification
of WS-III (NCDWR 2021). Little Crane Creek is not listed on the NCDENR draft 2018 or final 2016 303(d)
lists (NCDEQ 2018a, NCDEQ 2018b).
1.3 Physiography and Land Use
The Site is in the Sand Hills portion of the Southeastern Plains ecoregion of North Carolina. Regional
physiography is characterized by dissected irregular plains, moderate to steep side slopes, and low to
moderate gradient sandy -bottomed streams. Seepage and groundwater support steady stream flows and
some small, saturated wetlands (Griffith et al. 2002). Onsite elevations range from a high of 460 feet
National Geodetic Vertical Datum (NGVD) at the upper reaches to a low of approximately 395 feet NGVD
at the Site outfall (USGS Murchisontown, North Carolina 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle) (Figure 1,
Appendix A).
Site watershed sizes range from approximately 0.02 square miles (12.2 acres) on UT3 to 0.15 square miles
(97.5 acres) on UT 1 at the outfall (Figure 4, Appendix A). The watershed is dominated by agricultural land,
forest, and sparse residential development. Impervious surfaces account for less than two percent of the
upstream watershed land surface.
Land use at the Site is characterized by active livestock pasture and disturbed forest (Figure 5, Appendix
A). Pastures are underlain by hydric soils and during wet years are often characterized by livestock mires,
springheads, and coalescing seepages. Headwaters of the Site were recently timbered and have
developed into shrub scrub vegetation. Much of the timbered land is underlain by hydric soils; however,
non-hydric, sandy ridges dissect some of the wetland slopes. An extensive network of ditched
jurisdictional streams crosses the Site, with ditching extending up each topographic crenulation. Ditched
streams are relatively deep in places reaching approximately four feet in depth. Streams were ditched to
expedite flow from natural tributaries through the Site and remove groundwater from adjacent wetlands.
The ditched stream network converges at the downstream portion of the Site, where the channels braid
across the floodplain through a sediment deposition area.
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165)
Crane Mitigation Site
Lee County, North Carolina
page 1
Restoration Systems, LLC
October 2021

Historic photography dating from 1961 to 1989 indicates the Site was forested with the northern and
eastern margins cleared for grazing. The photos are not clear enough to discern channel presence or
location. Between 1989 and 1993, the Site appears to have cleared for agriculture. By 1993, forest
vegetation was removed from the Site except for the headwater areas and the lower half of UT 1. The
property has been maintained as agriculture use to present day, with grasses planted for livestock and
regular maintenance.
1.4 Project Components and Structure
The Site encompasses 27.66 acres of disturbed forest and livestock pasture along unnamed tributaries to
Little Crane Creek. In its current state, the Site includes 3,696 linear feet of degraded stream channel
(based on the approved PJD — Appendix D), 11.6 acres of degraded wetlands, 9.2 acres of drained or
otherwise impacted hydric soils (Figure 5, Appendix A).
Proposed Site restoration activities include the construction of meandering, E/C-type stream channel
resulting in 3,167 linear feet of stream restoration, 915 linear feet of stream enhancement (Level II), 8.815
acres of riparian wetland re-establishment, 0.683 acres of riparian wetland rehabilitation, and 10.646
acres of riparian wetland enhancement (Table 1).
Completed project activities, reporting history, completion dates, project contacts, and background
information are summarized in Tables 1-4.
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Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) page 2
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

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Table 2. Project Activity and Reporting History
Crane Mitigation Site
Activity or Deliverable
Data Collection
Complete
Completion
or Delivery
Technical Proposal (RFP#: 16-20190302)
March 2020
March 2020
Institution Date
--
July 30, 2020
Mitigation Plan
August 2021
September 2021
Construction Plans (100%)
--
January 2022
Table 3. Project Contacts Table
Crane Mitigation Site
Role
Firm
Role
Firm
The John R. McAdams
Restoration Systems
Company, Inc.
Full Delivery Provider,
1101 Haynes Street, Suite 211
2905 Meridian Parkway
Planting Contractor,
Raleigh, North Carolina 27604
Engineer
General Contractor
Worth Creech
Durham, NC 27713
Rebecca Stubbs
919-755-9490
336-339-1648
Axiom Environmental, Inc.
k2 Design Group
218 Snow Avenue
5688 U.S. Hwy. 70 East
Designer
Raleigh, NC 27603
Surveyor
Goldsboro, NC 27534
Kenan Jernigan
John Rudolph (L-4194)
919-215-1693
919-394-2547
Table 4. Project Attribute Table
Crane Mitigation Site
Project Information
Project Name
Crane Mitigation Site
Project County
Lee County, North Carolina
Project Area (acres)
27.66
Project Coordinates (latitude & latitude)
35.367351,-79.222369
Planted Area (acres)
26.2
Project Watershed Summary Information
Physiographic Province
Sand Hills
Project River Basin
Cape Fear
USGS HUC for Project (14-digit)
03030004070010
NCDWR Sub -basin for Project
03-06-14
Project Drainage Area (acres)
120.1
Percentage of Project Drainage Area that is Impervious
<2%
CGIA Land Use Classification
Managed Herbaceous Cover & Hardwood Swamps
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165)
Crane Mitigation Site
Lee County, North Carolina
page 4
Restoration Systems, LLC
October 2021

Table 4. Project Attribute Table (Continued)
Crane Mitigation Site
Reach Summary Information
Parameters
UT 1
UT 2
UT 3
UT 4
UT 5
Pre -project length of reach
(linear feet)
2170
489
345
373
319
Post -project length of reach
(linear feet)
2429
525
463
421
243
Valley Classification &
Rosgen Type
Rosgen Type
Rosgen Type
Rosgen Type
Rosgen Type VIII
Confinement
VIII and III
VIII and III
VIII
VIII
Drainage Area (acres)
97.5
22.6
12.2
13.2
47.4
NCDWR Stream ID Score
31
26
27
26.5
29.5
Perennial, Intermittent,
Intermittent/
Perennial
Intermittent
Intermittent
Intermittent
Ephemeral
Perennial
NCDWR Water Quality
Classification
WS III
Existing Morphological
Description (Rosgen 1996)
Eg 5
G 5
Eg 5
Eg 5
Ge 5
Proposed Stream
Classification (Rosgen 1996)
Ce 5
Ce 5
Ce 5
Ce 5
Ce 5
Existing Evolutionary Stage
III/IV
IV
IV
II/III
IV
(Simon and Hupp 1986)
Underlying Mapped Soils
Wehadkee Soils
Drainage Class
Poorly drained
Hydric Soil Status
Hydric
Valley Slope
0.0184
0.0158
0.0290
0.0146
0.0150
FEMA Classification
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Native Vegetation
Coastal Plain Bottomland Hardwoods (Brownwater Subtype) and Coastal Plain Small
Community
Stream Swamp (Brownwater Subtype)
Watershed Land Use/Land
70% agriculture land, 10% disturbed swamp forest, 19% forest, <1% low density
Cover (Site)
residential/impervious surface
Watershed Land Use/Land
Crane - 70% agriculture land, 10% disturbed swamp forest, 19% forest, <1% low density
Cover (Hall and Crane
residential/impervious surface
Reference Channel)
Hall - 50% agriculture, 48% forest, 2% low density residential/impervious surface
Percent Composition of
<5%
Exotic Invasive Vegetation
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165)
Crane Mitigation Site
Lee County, North Carolina
page 5
Restoration Systems, LLC
October 2021

Table 4. Project Attribute Table (continued)
Crane Mitigation Site
Wetland Summary Information
Parameters
Wetlands
Pre -project (acres)
11.330
Post -project (acres)
20.146
Wetland Type
Riparian riverine
Mapped Soil Series
Wehadkee
Drainage Class
Poorly drained
Hydric Soil Status
Hydric
Source of Hydrology
Groundwater, stream overbank
Hydrologic Impairment
Incised streams, compacted soils, livestock, ditches
Native Vegetation Community
Coastal Plain Bottomland Hardwoods (Brownwater Subtype)
and Coastal Plain Small Stream Swamp (Brownwater Subtype)
% Composition of Exotic Invasive Vegetation
<5%
Restoration Method
Hydrologic, vegetative, livestock
Enhancement Method
Vegetative, livestock
Regulatory Considerations
Regulation
Applicable?
Resolved?
Supporting Documentation
Waters of the United States -Section 401
Yes
No
Section 401 Certification
Waters of the United States -Section 404
Yes
No
Section 404 Permit
Endangered Species Act
Yes
Yes
CE Document (App E)
Historic Preservation Act
Yes
Yes
CE Document (App E)
Coastal Zone Management Act
No
--
NA
FEMA Floodplain Compliance
Yes
Yes
FEMA Mapping (App F)
Essential Fisheries Habitat
No
--
NA
2 WATERSHED APPROACH AND SITE SELECTION
Primary considerations for Site selection included the potential for improvement of water quality within
a region of North Carolina under livestock/agricultural pressure. More specifically, considerations
included: desired aquatic resource functions, hydrologic conditions, soil characteristics, aquatic habitat
diversity, habitat connectivity, compatibility with adjacent land uses, reasonably foreseeable effects the
mitigation project will have on ecologically important aquatic and terrestrial resources, and potential
development trends and land -use changes.
Currently, the proposed Site is characterized by disturbed forest and livestock pasture. A summary of
existing Site characteristics in favor of proposed stream and wetland activities includes the following;
• Streams and wetlands are accessible by livestock,
• Streams and wetlands subject to ditching/dredging and incision,
• Streams and wetlands have been cleared of forest vegetation,
• Site receives nonpoint source inputs, including agricultural chemicals and livestock waste,
• Wetland soils have been compacted by livestock and agricultural equipment, and
• Wetland hydrology has been removed by stream channel entrenchment.
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165)
Crane Mitigation Site
Lee County, North Carolina
page 6
Restoration Systems, LLC
October 2021

In addition to the opportunity for ecological improvements at the Site, the use of the particular mitigation
activities and methods proposed in the Design Approach & Mitigation Work Plan (Section 8.0) are
expected to produce naturalized stream and wetland resources that will be ecologically self-sustaining,
requiring minimal long-term management (Long-term Management Plan [Section 11.0]).
The Cape Fear River Basin Restoration Priorities 2009 (RBRP) report (NCEEP 2009) documents restoration
goals developed for the Cape Fear River Basin. The RBRP report documents restoration goals for the
03030004 catalog unit include reducing and controlling sediment and nutrient runoff and
protect/augment designated natural heritage areas. Site -specific mitigation goals and objectives have
been developed through the use of the North Carolina Stream Assessment Method (NC SAM), the North
Carolina Wetland Assessment Method (NC WAM), and Site observations/measurements which are
discussed further in Section 6.0 (Functional Uplift and Project Goals/Objectives).
3 BASELINE AND EXISTING CONDITIONS
3.1 Soils and Land Form
Table 5 describes soils that occur within the Site (Web Soil Survey, USDA 2020).
Table 5. Web Soil Survey Soils Mapped within the Site
Map Unit
Map Unit Name
Hydric Status
Description
Symbol
(Classification)
This series consists of well -drained soils found on convex low
BaB
Blaney loamy sand
Non-hydric
hills with 2-8 percent slopes. The parent material is sandy and
(Arenic Hapludults)
loamy marine deposits. The depth to the water table and the
restrictive features is more than 80 inches.
This series consists of moderately well -drained soils found on
Gilead loamy sand
Non-hydric
convex low hills with 2-8 percent slopes. The parent material
GhB
(Aquic Hapludults)
(may include
is loamy and clayey marine deposits. Depth to the water table
hydric inclusions)
is 18-30 inches, and depth to the restrictive features is more
than 80 inches.
Wehadkee fine sandy
This series consists of frequently flooded; poorly drained soils
loam
found on 0-2 percent slopes in depressions on floodplains. The
Wn
(Fluvaquentic
Hydric
parent material is loamy alluvium. Depth to the water table is
Endoaquepts)
0-12, and depth to the restrictive features is more than 80
inches.
The Web Soil Survey (USDA 2020) indicates the Site is mapped as Wehadkee soils with Gilead soils in
headwater areas and Blaney soils on the Side slopes. Wehadkee soils form along streams and are formed
from loamy, alluvial sediments. Detailed soil profiles collected by a licensed soil scientist confirm Site soils
are hydric in nature and is characterized by the F3 (Depleted Matrix) hydric soil indicators (Figure 7,
Appendix A). The F3 indicator includes soils with 60 percent or more chroma 2 or less within the upper 6
inches or starting within the upper 10 inches of the soil profile.
Headwater areas and interfluves are mapped by the NRCS as Gilead loamy sand, which is a non-hydric soil
with inclusions of Bibb or Johnston soils. Based on the soils investigation, which identified the presence
of organic material, the Site contains inclusions of Johnston soils, as denoted by the Al2 (Thick Dark
Surface) hydric indicator. Conversely, Bibb soils are characterized by a lack of muck and a thinner in the
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165)
Crane Mitigation Site
Lee County, North Carolina
page i
Restoration Systems, LLC
October 2021

soil surface horizon which does not fit the soils found onsite. Johnston soils occur along streams and
floodplains, draws, and depressions in uplands. Johnston soils are characterized by a higher concentration
of Mucky material in the surface horizon relative to Wehadkee soils. Detailed soil profiles observed in the
headwater areas confirm that the soil is hydric and characterized by additional hydric indicators including
S5 (Sandy Redox) and S6 (Stripped Matrix). The Al2 indicator includes soils with a layer at least 6 inches
thick with a depleted or gleyed matrix that has 60 percent or more chroma of 2 or less starting below 12
inches of the surface. The layer(s) above the depleted or gleyed matrix and starting at a depth <6 inches
from the soil surface must have value of 2.5 or less and chroma of 1 or less to a depth of at least 12 inches
and value of 3 or less and chroma of 1 or less in any remaining layers above the depleted or gleyed matrix.
Sandy redox includes soils with a layer starting 6 inches from the soil surface with 60 percent or more
chroma 2 or less and 2 percent or more distinct or prominent redox concentrations. Stripped matrix
includes a layer starting within 6 inches of the soil surface in which iron oxides and/or organic matter have
been stripped from the matrix, and the primary base color of the soil matrix has been exposed.
3.2 Sediment Model
Sediment load modeling was performed using methodologies outlined in A Practical Method of Computing
Streambank Erosion Rate (Rosgen 2009) along with Estimating Sediment Loads using the Bank Assessment
of Non -point Sources Consequences of Sediment (Rosgen 2011). These models provide a quantitative
prediction of streambank erosions by calculating Bank Erosion Hazard Index (BEHI) and Near -Bank Stress
(NBS) of each Site reach. The resulting BEHI and NBS values are compared to streambank erodibilitygraphs
prepared for North Carolina by the NC Stream Restoration Institute and NC Sea Grant.
Streambank characteristics involve measurements of bank height, angles, materials, presence of layers,
rooting depth, rooting density, and percent of the bank protected by rocks, logs, roots, or vegetation. Site
reaches have been measured for each BEHI and NBS characteristic and predicted lateral erosion rate,
height, and length to calculate a cubic volume of sediment contributed by the reach each year. Data forms
for the analysis are available upon request, and the data output is presented in Appendix B. Results of the
model are shown in Table 6.
Table 6. BEHI and NBS Modeling Summary
Stream Reach
Proposed Mitigation Treatment
Predicted Sediment
Contribution (tons/year)
UT 1
Restoration and Enhancement (Level II)
83.4
UT 2
Restoration
11.6
UT 3
Restoration
4.31
UT 4
Restoration
6.15
UT 5
Restoration
14.23
Total Sediment Contribution (tons/year)
119.7
Based on this analysis, mitigation of Site streams will reduce streambank erosion and subsequent
pollution of receiving waters.
3.3 Nutrient Model
Nutrient modeling was conducted using a method developed by the North Carolina Division of Mitigation
Services (NCDMS) (NCDMS 2016). The model determines nutrient and fecal coliform reductions from the
exclusion of livestock from the buffer.
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165)
Crane Mitigation Site
Lee County, North Carolina
page 8
Restoration Systems, LLC
October 2021

The equation for nutrient reduction for this model includes the following:
TN reduction (Ibs/yr) = 51.04 (Ibs/ac/yr) x Area (ac)
TP reduction (Ibs/yr) = 4.23 (Ibs/ac/yr) x Area (ac)
Where:
TN = total nitrogen;
TP = total phosphorus; and
Area = total area of restored riparian buffers inside of livestock exclusion fences
Equations for fecal coliform reduction for this model include the following.
Fecal coliform reduction (col) = 2.2 x 1011 (col/AU/day) x AU x 0.085
Where:
Col = quantities of Fecal Coliform bacteria
AU = animal unit (1000 Ibs of livestock)
Results of the NCDMS analysis indicate the entirety of the 27.66-acre easement is grazed by livestock,
which contributes 1413.8 Ibs/yr of nitrogen, 117.2 Ibs/yr of phosphorus, and 4.7 x 1011 col of fecal
coliform/day that will be reduced due to the exclusion of livestock from the easement area. Fecal coliform
values have been based on 25 head of cattle.
3.4 Project Site Streams
Streams targeted for restoration include unnamed tributaries to Little Crane Creek, which have been
cleared, dredged, straightened, trampled by livestock, eroded vertically and laterally, and receive
extensive sediment and nutrient inputs from agriculture activities. Approximately 58 percent of the
existing stream channels are degraded from mechanical processes, including the ditching of streams and
vegetation clearing, contributing to sediment export from the Site. In addition, streamside wetlands have
been cleared and drained by channel downcutting and degraded by land use (cattle). Current Site
conditions have resulted in degraded water quality, a loss of aquatic habitat, reduced nutrient and
sediment retention, and unstable channel characteristics (loss of horizontal flow vectors that maintain
pools and an increase in erosive forces to channel bed and banks). Site restoration activities, including re-
establishing buffers, excluding livestock, and restoring stream channels, will restore riffle -pool
morphology, aid in energy dissipation, increase aquatic habitat, stabilize channel banks, and significantly
reduce sediment loss from channel banks.
Reach Descriptions — Individual reach descriptions are as follows.
UT 1 — The main receiving stream within the Site begins just offsite as a braided, headwater system that
meanders through a recent cutover. At one time, the stream was ditched and moved to the edge of the
floodplain. Disturbance (likely from timber activities) has resulted in the ditch filling and hydrology
braiding through the cutover headwater reach. This area is underlain by soils of the Johnston series, which
are typically found in floodplains and swamps of the Coastal Plain. Johnston soils are characterized by a
high concentration of organic matter from extensive wetness and a lack of organic matter oxidation.
Before timber harvest, this portion of the Site was likely characterized as a Sandhills streamhead swamp
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165)
Crane Mitigation Site
Lee County, North Carolina
page 9
Restoration Systems, LLC
October 2021

or Coastal Plain small stream swamp. However, the
area has been timbered and all that remains are a
few saplings of red maple (Acer rubrum), water oak
(Quercus nigra), pond pine (Pinus palustris),
American holly (Ilex opaca), titi (Cyrilla racemiflora)
with herbaceous vegetation including sedges (Carex
sp.), rushes (Juncus effuses), and broom sedge
(Andropogon gerardii).
UT 1 leaves the upper headwater timbered area and
is immediately captured within a man-made ditch
approximately 3 or 4 feet in depth. The ditch crosses
active pasture, which was planted with grasses for
livestock grazing and hay production. The ditched
channel varies in depth across the remainder of the
Site ranging from 1.0 to 2.1 feet in depth. Overall, the
stream is classified as an Eg-type channel with bank -
height -ratios ranging from 1.0 to 2.8. A general trend
of this portion of UT 1 is that the channel gets more
incised as it descends the valley until its lower reach,
where a delta -like deposition area occurs (and a
damaged culvert capturing sediment at its upstream
end). The delta -like setting results from numerous
issues, including lower slopes, high bedload from
stream channel erosion/agriculture field runoff, high livestock trampling impacts as it is shaded and serves
as a summer refuge. This portion of UT 1 is underlain by Wehadkee soils that are regularly saturated or
inundated.
UT 1 substrate is predominantly sand. The
lower reaches are devoid of woody
vegetation on both banks throughout the
Site. Vegetation is predominantly pasture
grass, including fescue (Festuca sp.) and
coastal Bermuda (Cynodon sp.). Fields are
not regularly maintained, and a significant
amount of opportunistic species have
colonized, including broom sedge, dog
fennel (Eupatorium capillifolium), rough
cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium),
pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus), and other
species common to overgrazed areas.
Several seepage areas and mires exist and
are primarily composed of rushes, sedges,
and smartweed (Poygonum spp).
r".
1*1
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) page 10
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

UT 2 — Upstream from the Site, the
tributary extends to and along Rocky
Fork Church Rd. The channel originates
near the road and coalesces into a
swampy area partially impounded by an
agriculture crossing at the Site
boundary. As the stream enters the
Site, a headcut has incised the channel
to approximately 4.4 feet. Headcut
migration has been hindered by the
agriculture crossing. Once into the Site,
it is difficult to discern if the channel
was excavated or incised to a point that
sinuosity was lost. As UT 2 continues
downstream, it shallows until it enters
the delta -like setting, similar to UT 1.
UT 2 is mapped by the NRCS as Wehadkee, which occurs on floodplains and steams. Similar to UT 1, the
channel is characterized by pasture. As the channel reaches the delta -like formation, more trees begin to
occur, primarily red maple. These trees are frequently inundated and are buttressing from exposure to
standing water. Livestock has access to the entirety of the reach, and farm debris commonly occurs in and
around the channel. Channel substrate is predominantly sand.
UT 3 — Originates within the Site at a
springhead seep. The entire reach of
UT 3 has been ditched and
straightened and ranges in depth
from 4.3 feet in the upper reaches to
1.4 feet in the lower reaches before
converging with UT 1. UT 3 has been
directed around its historic
floodplain to direct drainage quickly
through the Site. Currently, the low
floodplain occurs adjacent to the
existing channel and is
characterized by thick Juncus mats
and ponded conditions.
UT 3 is underlain by soils of the
Wehadkee series, which occur
beneath streams and floodplains.
This portion of the Site likely supported Coastal Plain bottomland hardwood forest before clearing for
pasture. Seepage slopes ring the margins of the UT 3 floodplain, and UT 3 originates at an active seepage
zone. These seepages may have also had areas of Coastal Plain small stream swamp and/or Coastal Plain
semipermanent impoundment. Similar to UT 1 and UT 2, livestock has access to the entirety of the reach.
The riparian area along the reach is devoid of woody vegetation, and like other Site reaches, the channel
substrate is predominantly sand.
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165)
Crane Mitigation Site
Lee County, North Carolina
page 11
Restoration Systems, LLC
October 2021

UT 4 — Originates offsite as a ditch
draining seepages and ponded
pockets of rushes. The ditch
traverses pasture, enters the Site,
and becomes a jurisdictional stream
(based on an approved PJD) above
an existing agricultural crossing.
Livestock access the stream and
have wallowed out the stream
channel upstream of the crossing to
form a shallow pool that is teaming
with fish and tadpoles. UT 4 crosses
through a failing pipe and continues
as a ditched stream for a short
distance (373 ft) before converging
with UT 1. Although the channel is
not extensively incised, the bank -
height -ratios range from 1.1 to 1.6.
As with other Site tributaries, UT 4 is underlain by Wehadkee soils that have been cleared and are
impacted by livestock. The channel substrate is sand.
UT 5 — Despite UT 5 having a large drainage area
(47 acres), the channel doesn't develop a
jurisdictional channel until low in the alluvial
valley, approximately 320 feet from its
convergence with UT 1. The channel is 3 to 4
feet in depth and erodes laterally from incision
due to a lack of deep-rooted vegetation and
livestock trampling. The topographic
crenulation for UT 5 extends upstream to a
pond. The pond discharges into the timbered
headwaters and flows overground into the
pasture. Ultimately a knickpoint in the pasture
serves as the origination point for UT 5. At this
point, UT 5 is characterized by pasture grasses
with pockets of rushes and sedges.
UT 5 is mapped by the NRCS as Wehadkee soils
all the way to the pond. Aerial photography
collected by a licensed drone pilot indicates
that surface hydrology extends up the valley for
a significant distance. This reach was likely a
braided tributary before disturbance from
timber harvest and livestock trampling.
PIF
The vegetative community above the origin point of UT 5 is similar to the upper reach of UT 1 and was
probably a Sandhills streamhead swamp or Coastal Plain small stream swamp. Lower down the valley, a
transition to Coastal Plain bottomland hardwoods likely occurred.
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) page 12
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

As UT 5 was only classified as a jurisdictional stream in its lower reaches, project construction will be
initiated in the downstream jurisdictional reach; however, observations of channel formation will occur
in the upper reaches for information gathering purposes.
3.4.1 Existing Conditions Survey
Site stream dimension, pattern, and profile were measured to characterize existing channel conditions.
Locations of existing stream reaches are depicted in Figure 5 (Appendix A). Stream geometry
measurements under existing conditions are summarized in Table 7 (Essential Morphology Parameters)
and presented in detail in Table B1 (Appendix B).
3.4.2 Channel Classification and Morphology
Stream geometry and substrate data have been evaluated to classify existing stream conditions based on
a classification utilizing fluvial geomorphic principles (Rosgen 1996). Existing Site reaches are classified as
unstable Eg-, Ge-, and G-type streams with variable sinuosity. Existing Site reaches are characterized by
sand substrate.
3.4.3 Channel Evolution
Site streams targeted for restoration have been cleared of forest vegetation and channelized, resulting
primarily in channels classified as channelized (Class III), degraded (Class IV), and aggraded and widened
(Class V) channels throughout the Site (Simon and Hupp 1986).
3.4.4 Valley Classification
Site streams are characterized by moderately sized, first order, narrow, and sloped alluvial valleys with
approximately 50- to 100-foot floodplain valley widths. The Site is characterized by two distinct valley
types based on the Rosgen classification system (Rosgen 1996) and includes Valley Type VIII and Valley
Type III.
Valley Type VIII is most readily identified by the presence of multiple river terraces positioned laterally
along broad valleys with gentle, down -valley elevation relief. Alluvial terraces and floodplains are the
predominant depositional landforms that produce a relatively high sediment supply. Valley Type VIII
describes most of the Site's valleys except for the lower, downstream reaches of UT 1 and UT 2, which are
characterized by Valley Type III and depositional in nature with characteristic alluvial fan landforms.
Valley slopes are typical for a headwater system in the Sand Hills region and range from 0.0146 to 0.0290.
3.4.5 Discharge
This hydro-physiographic region is characterized by moderate rainfall with precipitation averaging
approximately 48.2 inches per year (USDA 1989). Drainage basin sizes range from a 0.02-square mile on
UT 3 and UT 4 and 0.15 square mile on UT 1 at the Site outfall.
The Site's discharge is dominated by a combination of upstream basin catchment, groundwater flow, and
precipitation. Based on indicators of bankfull at reference reaches and on -Site, the designed channel will
equal the channel size indicated by Piedmont regional curves (Harman et al. 1999); this is discussed in
Section 5.2 (Bankfull Verification). Based on bankfull studies, the bankfull discharge ranges from 4.2-19.0
cubic feet per second for UT 3 and UT 1 at the Site outfall, respectively.
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165)
Crane Mitigation Site
Lee County, North Carolina
page 13
Restoration Systems, LLC
October 2021

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3.5 Project Site Wetlands
Jurisdictional wetlands/hydric soils within the Site were delineated in the field following guidelines set forth in
the Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual and subsequent regional supplements and located using
GPS technology with reported submeter accuracy (Environmental Laboratory 1987). A jurisdictional wetland
delineation was completed and approved by United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) representative
James Lastinger during a field meeting on February 25, 2021. Documentation of the delineation has been
included in Appendix D. Existing jurisdictional wetlands are depicted in light blue, and drained hydric soils are
depicted in a black cross -hatch (Figure 5, Appendix A).
3.5.1 Hydrological Characterization
Construction activities are expected to reestablish approximately 8.815 acres of drained/impacted riparian
hydric soils, rehabilitate 0.683 acres of riparian wetlands, and enhance 10.646 acres of cleared riparian
wetlands. Areas of the Site targeted for riparian wetlands will receive hydrological inputs from periodic overbank
flooding of restored tributaries, groundwater migration into wetlands, upland/stormwater runoff, and, to a
lesser extent, direct precipitation. Hydrological impairment in drained soils has resulted from lateral draw -down
of the water table adjacent to existing, incised stream channels and ditches.
Wetlands impacted by drainage features (incised channels or ditches) were monitored by groundwater gauges
before mitigation alterations. Three groundwater gauges were installed to catalog the existing hydrology of
these wetland areas. Seven additional gauges were installed in areas of drained hydric soils that are proposed
for wetland reestablishment. The preconstruction gauge locations are depicted in Figure 5 (Appendix A), and
the data is provided in Appendix B.
Overall, the gauges within jurisdictional wetlands (as determined in the PJD) appeared to have water within 12
inches of the ground surface for between 44 days and 57 days of the growing season. For this analysis, the
growing season is defined as occurring between March 1 and October 24. Although no ground temperature data
was collected, the March 1 growing season start is being used for consistency with expected annual monitoring
growing season length, verified by soil temperatures and bud burst.
It should be noted that the months leading up to the 2021 growing season were unusually wet. This is depicted
in the USACE Antecedent Precipitation Tool output, which states March 1 and April 1, 2021, had drought indices
of "Severe Wetness" and "Moderate Wetness" respectively (Appendix B).
Six of the seven groundwater gauges installed in drained hydric soils exhibited little to no hydrology during the
monitoring period. Gauge 5 appeared to have groundwater within 12 inches of the ground surface for 42 days.
The area surrounding gauge 5 was determined to be non -jurisdictional in the PJD, and its hydrology was likely
boosted by the severely wet conditions early in the growing season.
3.5.2 Soil Characterization
Detailed soil mapping conducted by North Carolina Licensed Soil Scientists (NCLSS) in late 2020 indicated the
Site is currently underlain by hydric soils of the Wehadkee series and Johnston series (Figure 7, Appendix A).
Soils have been disturbed by livestock grazing, vegetation clearing, and conversion to pastureland. Hydric soils
have been drained by ditching and channel incision. A portion of these soils have been effectively drained;
however, seeps and springs (and areas of compacted soils) pockmark the area and are expected to have
hydrology enhanced by proposed activities.
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) page 15
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

Onsite hydric soils are grey to gley in color and are predominantly associated with the Al2 (Thick Dark Surface),
F3 (Depleted Matrix), S5 (Sandy Redox), and S6 (Stripped Matrix) hydric soil field indicators. Six detailed soil
profiles conducted by NCLSS were collected at the Site. Profile locations are depicted in Figure 7, Appendix A,
with profile descriptions included in Appendix B. A few representative profiles are included below in Table 8.
Table 8. Representative Soil Profile Descriptions
Location
Mitigation
Depth (inches)
Color
Texture
Approach
0-4
10 YR 2/1
Sandy Loam
10YR 3/4 mottles
10 YR 4/1
Soil Profile E (located
in a downstream
Enhancement
4-7
10 YR 5/8 mottles
Sandy Clay Loam
floodplain near Site
10 YR 3/6 mottles
outfall)
10 YR 6/1
7 —12+
10 YR 6/8 mottles
Sandy Clay Loam
10YR 3/6 mottles
10 YR 2/1
Soil Profile B (located
0-8
5 YR 3/4 mottles
Sandy Loam
10 YR 3/1
in the upper reaches of
Reestablishment
agriculture fields)
8 —15+
2.5 Y 3/2 concentrations
Clay Loam
Soil Profile G (located
0-7
10 YR 2/1
Sandy Loam
10 YR 4/1
in disturbed forest
Enhancement
headwaters)
7 —15+
10 YR 6/1 depletions
Loamy Sand
10 YR 4/4 mottles
4 REFERENCE STUDIES
4.1 Reference Streams
Distinct bankfull indicators were present within the reference stream channels. In addition, dimension, pattern,
and profile variables had not been significantly altered or degraded, allowing for the calculation of restoration
reach parameters. For this project, two reference reaches were measured, including the Hall reference site and
Crane reference site. The Hall reference site was measured in 2004 for a NCDMS mitigation project, Hall Branch
Mitigation Site, that has successfully closed out. The Crane reference site is located immediately downstream
from the Site and was measured specifically for this project. Reference Site locations are provided in Figure 2,
Appendix A.
4.1.1 Hall Reference Reach
4.1.1.1 Watershed Characterization
The Hall Reference Site is located in northeastern Richmond County within the same physiographic province,
geologic unit, and landscape position as the Site. The reference reach is approximately 36 miles southwest of
the Site in a topographic crenulation flowing to a similar -sized stream as the Site (0.12 square mile drainage
area). Alterations, development, and impervious surfaces within the watershed are minimal.
4.1.1.2 Channel Classification
Stream geometry and substrate data have been evaluated to classify the reference reach based on a
classification utilizing fluvial geomorphic principles (Rosgen 1996). This classification stratifies streams into
comparable groups based on pattern, dimension, profile, and substrate characteristics. The reference reach is
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) page 16
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

characterized as an E-type, moderately sinuous (1.20) channel with a sand -dominated substrate. Reference
reaches that are characterized by E-type channels typically have a dense herbaceous understory that resists
erosive forces associated with deep, sinuous channels.
4.1.1.3 Discharge
The reference stream has an approximately 0.12-square mile watershed and a bankfull discharge of 18.0 cubic
feet per second based on bankfull indicators.
4.1.1.4 Channel Morphology
Stream cross -sections and profiles were measured along the reference stream. The stream reach is transporting
its sediment supply while maintaining stable dimension, pattern, and profile. Stream geometry measurements
for the reference stream are summarized in the Morphological Stream Characteristics Table (Table B1, Appendix
B).
Dimension: Data collected at the reference reach indicates a bankfull cross -sectional area of 4.8 square feet, a
bankfull width of 6.6 feet, a bankfull depth of 0.8 feet, and a width -to -depth ratio of 9.2. Regional curves predict
that the stream should exhibit a bankfull cross -sectional area of approximately 5.1 square feet for the
approximate 0.12-square mile watershed (Harman et al. 1999). For a more detailed discussion on bankfull
verification, see Section 5.2 (Bankfull Verification).
The reference reach exhibits a bank -height ratio averaging 1.1. In addition, the width of the flood -prone area is
approximately 115 feet giving the channel an entrenchment ratio of 13.6 to 20.8, typical of a stable E-type
channel.
Pattern: In -field measurements of the reference reach have yielded an average sinuosity of 1.20 (thalweg
distance/straight-line distance). Other channel pattern attributes include an average pool -to -pool spacing ratio
(Lp_p/Wbkf) of 3.0, a meander wavelength ratio (Lm/Wbkf) of 2.2 and a radius of curvature ratio (Rc/Wbkf) of 1.5.
These variables were measured within a stable, forested reach, which did not exhibit any indications of pattern
instability such as shoot cutoffs, abandoned channels, or oxbows.
Profile: Based on a elevational profile surveys, the reference reach is characterized by a valley slope of 0.0160
(rise/run). Ratios of the reference reach riffle, run, pool and glide slopes to average water surface slope are 1.0,
1.1, 0.8, and 0.5, respectively.
Substrate: The channel is characterized by a channel substrate dominated by sand -sized particles.
4.1.2 Crane Reference Reach
4.1.2.1 Watershed Characterization
The Crane reference reach is located immediately downstream of the Site in southern Lee County. Similar to the
Hall reference reach, the Crane reference reach is located in the same physiographic province, geologic unit,
and landscape setting. The reference reach provides a perfect opportunity to determine design parameters
within the same drainage basin and setting.
4.1.2.2 Channel Classification
The reference reach is characterized as an E-type, moderately sinuous (1.17) channel with a sand -dominated
substrate.
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) page 17
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

4.1.2.3 Discharge
The reference stream has an approximately 0.21-square mile watershed and a bankfull discharge of 20.5 cubic
feet per second based on bankfull indicators.
4.1.2.4 Channel Morphology
Stream cross -sections and profiles were measured along the reference stream. The stream reach is transporting
its sediment supply while maintaining stable dimension, pattern, and profile. Stream geometry measurements
for the reference stream are depicted in Figure 7 (Appendix A) and summarized in the Morphological Stream
Characteristics Table (Table B1, Appendix B).
Dimension: Data collected at the reference reach indicates a bankfull cross -sectional area of 5.3 square feet, a
bankfull width of 7.0 feet, a bankfull depth of 0.8 feet, and a width -to -depth ratio of 8.7. Regional curves predict
that the stream should exhibit a bankfull cross -sectional area of approximately 7.3 square feet for the
approximate 0.21-square mile watershed (Harman et al. 1999), below the 5.3-square feet displayed by channel
bankfull indicators identified in the field. Low bankfull cross -sectional area may result from high bedload and
low slope conditions for the Site; however, these conditions appear to be in equilibrium as the channel width -
to -depth ratio is typical for the area. For a more detailed discussion on bankfull verification, see Section 5.2
(Bankfull Verification).
The reference reach exhibits a bank -height ratio of 1.0, which is representative of a stable E-type channel. In
addition, the width of the flood -prone area is approximately 50 feet giving the channel an entrenchment ratio
of 6.9-7.5, typical of a stable E-type channel.
Pattern: In -field measurements of the reference reach have yielded an average sinuosity of 1.17 (thalweg
distance/straight-line distance). Other channel pattern attributes include an average pool -to -pool spacing ratio
(Lp-p/Wbkf) of 4.0, a meander wavelength ratio (L,,/Wbkf) of 6.7 and a radius of curvature ratio (Rc/Wbkf) of 1.9-
These variables were measured within a stable, forested reach, which did not exhibit any indications of pattern
instability such as shoot cutoffs, abandoned channels, or oxbows.
Profile: Based on elevational profile surveys, the reference reach is characterized by a valley slope of 0.0073
(rise/run). Ratios of the reference reach riffle, run, pool and glide slopes to average water surface slope are 0.32,
0.12, 0.45, and 0.25, respectively. These numbers are below what would be expected for the reach. The numbers
are low due to a series of grade control features (primarily roots and debris) that provided steps and pools,
thereby flattening average facet features. However, the run slope maximum was 11 times the average water
surface slope, as measured in various steps.
Substrate: The channel is characterized by a channel substrate dominated by sand -sized particles.
4.2 Reference Forest Ecosystem
A Reference Forest Ecosystem (RFE) is a forested area used to model restoration efforts at the Site in relation
to soils and vegetation. RFEs should be ecologically stable climax communities and should represent the Site as
it likely existed before human disturbances. Data describing plant community composition and structure should
be collected at the RFEs and subsequently applied as reference data to emulate a natural climax community.
The RFE for this project is located on the downstream Crane reference reach. The RFE supports plant community
and landform characteristics that restoration efforts will attempt to emulate. Tree and shrub species identified
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) page 18
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

within the reference forest (outlined in Table 9) will be used along with other relevant species in the appropriate
Schafale and Weakley (1990, 2012) community descriptions.
Table 9. Reference Forest Ecosystem
Coastal Plain Bottomland Hardwood Forest
(Brownwater Subtype)
Scientific Name
Common Name
Indicator Status
Acer rubrum
Red maple
FAC
Liquidambar styraciflua
Sweetgum
FAC
Quercus alba
White oak
FACU
Quercus nigra
Water oak
FAC
Quercus laurifolia
Laurel oak
FACW
IlexOpaca
American holly
FAC
Magnolia virginiana
Sweetbay
FACW
Vaccinium corymbosum
Highbush blueberry
FACW
Nyssa sylvatica
Black gum
FAC
Several species identified in the reference forest (Magnolia virginiana, Vaccinium corymbosum, and Nyssa
sylvatica) are more characteristic of a Coastal Plain Small Stream Swamp (Brownwater Subtype) community,
which is likely intermixed within the bottomland hardwood forest. The upper headwater reaches will likely be
the wettest portion of the Site and include species such as Taxodium distichum (Cypress), Nyssa aquatica (Water
tupelo), various bays such as Persea palustris (Red bay), as well as species listed above.
The Coastal Plain Bottomland Hardwood Forest vegetative community is distinguished from Small Stream
Swamps community by their occurrence on river floodplains with well -developed alluvial landforms. The
boundary is relatively arbitrary and difficult to delineate. Significant overlap in these two communities should
not pose a problem, as species in both communities may be planted in each planting zone.
4.3 Freshwater Marsh
Some portions of the Site are expected to be dominated by an open, herbaceous vegetative community
characteristic of a Coastal Plain Semi -Permanent Impoundment as described in Schafale and Weakley (1990,
2012). Overbank flooding appears to occur and may result in extended periods of open water and emergent
vegetation. A local freshwater marsh reference was not available, so planting will reflect native species currently
found onsite and/or known to occur regionally.
5 CHANNEL ASSESSMENTS
5.1 Channel Stability Assessment
Channel degradation or aggradation occurs when hydraulic forces exceed or do not approach the resisting forces
in the channel. The amount of degradation or aggradation is a function of the relative magnitude of these forces
over time. The interaction of flow within the boundary of open channels is only imperfectly understood.
Adequate analytical expressions describing this interaction have yet to be developed for conditions in natural
channels. Thus, means of characterizing these processes rely heavily upon empirical formulas.
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) page 19
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

Traditional approaches for characterizing stability can be placed in two categories: 1) maximum permissible
velocity and 2) tractive force, or stream power and shear stress. The former is advantageous in that velocity can
be measured directly. Shear stress and stream power cannot be measured directly and must be computed from
various flow parameters. However, stream power and shear stress are generally better measures of fluid force
on the channel boundary than velocity.
Stream power and shear stress were estimated for 1) existing dredged and straightened reaches, 2) the
reference reaches, and 3) proposed Site conditions. Average stream velocity and bankfull discharge values were
calculated for the existing Site stream reaches, the reference reach, and proposed conditions. Important input
values and output results (including stream power, shear stress, and per unit shear power and shear stress) are
presented in Table 10.
To maintain sediment transport functions of a stable stream system, the proposed channel should exhibit
stream power and shear stress values, so the channel is neither aggrading nor degrading. Results of the analysis
indicate the proposed channel reaches are expected to maintain stream power as a function of width values of
approximately 0.22-2.36 and shear stress values of approximately 0.10-0.52 (Table 10).
Table 10. Stream Power (Q) and Shear Stress (,r) Values
Bankfull
Discharge (ft3/s)
Water surface
Slope (ft/ft)
Total Stream
Power (S2)
W
Hydraulic
Radius
Shear
Stress Ur)
Velocity
(v)
v
emax
Existing
Conditions
UT1
19
0.0179
21.22
3.17
1.94
2.17
0.95
2.06
3.25
UT2
6.6
0.0145
5.97
1.81
2.36
2.13
0.53
1.13
3.20
UT3
4.2
0.0287
7.52
2.21
4.52
8.10
0.22
1.79
12.15
UT4
4.5
0.0077
2.16
0.66
0.93
0.45
1.13
0.50
0.67
UT5
11.3
0.0077
5.43
1.32
3.09
1.49
0.66
0.99
2.23
Reference Conditions
Hall
18
0.0133
14.94
2.26
0.59
0.49
3.75
1.82
0.73
Crane
20.5
0.0062
7.93
1.13
0.62
0.24
3.87
0.92
0.36
Proposed Conditions
UT1
19
0.0167
19.80
2.36
0.50
0.52
3.80
1.98
0.78
UT2
6.6
0.0144
5.93
1.14
0.31
0.28
3.47
0.96
0.41
UT3
4.2
0.0264
6.92
1.69
0.26
0.42
3.50
1.47
0.63
UT4
4.5
0.0039
1.10
0.25
0.27
0.06
3.46
0.22
0.10
UT5
11.3
0.0039
2.75
0.42
0.41
0.10
3.65
0.36
0.15
Hall reference reach values for stream power and shear stress are similar to proposed values for reaches with
steeper valley and water surface slopes resulting in higher stream power and shear stress values. Crane
reference reach values for stream power and shear stress are more similar to reaches with flatter valley and
water surface slopes resulting in slightly lower stream power and shear stress values. However, this reference
reach has a much larger drainage area compared to Site reaches with flatter slopes.
Existing, Site streams are characterized by a wide range of water surface slopes and varying degrees of
degradation. In general, stream power values of existing streams are elevated compared to proposed values.
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) page 20
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

Shear stress values of existing streams are significantly elevated as compared to proposed and reference reach
values. Proposed stream power and shear stress values appear adequate to mobilize and transport sediment
through the Site without aggradation or erosion on proposed stream banks.
5.2 Bankfull Verification
Discharge estimates for the Site utilize an assumed definition of "bankfull" and the return interval associated
with that bankfull discharge. For this study, the bankfull channel is defined as the channel dimensions designed
to support the "channel forming" or "dominant" discharge (Gordon et al. 1992). Current research also estimates
a bankfull discharge would be expected to occur approximately every 1.3 to 1.5 years (Rosgen 1996, Leopold
1994).
Although the Sand Hills are in the Coastal Plain, it was determined that the Site more readily matches the
Piedmont regional curves. This was determined by measuring two reference stream reaches and plotting the
bankfull cross -sectional area/discharge on each of the curves. Reference stream cross -sectional areas plotted
significantly higher on the Coastal Plain regional curves (2.4 times higher for the Hall reference reach and 1.8
times higher for the Crane reference reach). However, the reference streams plotted very closely to the
Piedmont regional curves, averaging approximately 83 percent of the cross -sectional area predicted by the
curves. Using the Piedmont regional curve, the predicted bankfull discharge for the Hall and Crane Reference
Reaches is 18.0 and 20.5 cubic feet per second (cfs).
The USGS regional regression equation for the Piedmont region indicates that bankfull discharge at a 1.3-1.5
year return interval averages approximately 19.8-22.8 and 28.9-33.4 cfs, respectively (USGS 2011); similar to
predicted bankfull indicators.
Based on the above analysis of methods to determine bankfull discharge, proposed conditions at the Site will
be based on 83% of the bankfull cross -sectional area predicted by the Piedmont regional curves. Table 11
summarizes all methods analyzed for estimating bankfull discharge.
Table 11. Reference Reach Bankfull Discharge Analysis
Watershed Area
Return Interval
Discharge
% Predicted
Method
(square miles)
(years)
(cfs)
by Curves
Hall Reference Reach
Piedmont Regional Curves
0.12
1.3-1.5
19.3
o
100/
(Harman et. al. 1999)
Piedmont Regional Regression Model
(USGS 2011)
0.12
1.3-1.5
19.8-22.8
o
103-118/
Field Indicators of Bankfull
0.12
1.3-1.5
18.0
94%
Crane Reference Reach
Piedmont Regional Curves
0.21
1.3-1.5
28.5
o
100/
(Harman et. al. 1999)
Piedmont Regional Regression Model
(USGS 2011)
0.21
1.3-1.5
28.9-33.4
o
101-117/
Field Indicators of Bankfull
0.21
1.3-1.5
20.5
72%
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) page 21
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

6 FUNCTIONAL UPLIFT AND PROJECT GOALS/OBJECTIVES
Project goals are based on the Cape Fear River Basin Restoration Priorities (RBRP) report (NCEEP 2009) and on -
site data collection of channel morphology and function observed during field investigations. The Site is located
within Targeted Local Watershed (TLW) 03030004070010 (Figure 2, Appendix A). The RBRP report documents
restoration goals for the 03030004 cataloging unit include promoting low -impact development, stormwater
management, restoration, and buffer protection in urbanizing areas and preservation elsewhere. The LWP for
Crane's Creek lists key watershed stressors as excess sedimentation, stormwater runoff, inadequate riparian
buffer, streambank erosion, and nutrient enrichment.
Site -specific mitigation goals and objectives have been academically developed through the use of North
Carolina Stream Assessment Method (NC SAM), North Carolina Wetland Assessment Method (NC WAM)
analyses of existing and reference stream systems at the Site, and NC DMS October 2020 guidance (NC SFAT
2015 and NC WFAT 2010). NC SAM and NC WAM rate functional metrics for streams and wetlands as high,
medium, or low based on field data collected on forms and transferred into a rating calculator. Using Boolean
logic, the rating calculator assigns a high, medium, or low value for each metric and overall function. Site
functional assessment data forms are included in Appendix B.
Tables 12 through 14 summarize NC SAM and NC WAM metrics academically targeted for functional uplift and
the corresponding mitigation activities proposed to provide functional uplift. NC SAM and NC WAM metrics are
not to be used to prove mitigation success; however, these functions have been academically determined as
uplift within the Site. Metrics academically targeted to meet the Site's goals and objectives are depicted in bold.
Table 12. NC SAM Summary
NC SAM Function Class Rating
Summary
SAM 1*
UT 1 (Upstream)
SAM 2
UT 1 (Downstream)
SAM 3
UT 2
(1) HYDROLOGY
HIGH
LOW
LOW
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Flood Flow
HIGH
LOW
LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation
HIGH
LOW
LOW
(4) Floodplain Access
HIGH
LOW
LOW
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer
LOW
LOW
LOW
(4) Microtopography
HIGH
LOW
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
HIGH
LOW
LOW
(4) Channel Stability
HIGH
LOW
LOW
(4) Sediment Transport
LOW
LOW
LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology
HIGH
LOW
MEDIUM
(1) WATER QUALITY
MEDIUM
LOW
LOW
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
HIGH
(2) Stream -side Area Vegetation
HIGH
LOW
LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration
HIGH
LOW
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
MEDIUM
LOW
LOW
(2) Indicators of Stressors
YES
YES
YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) page 22
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

Table 12. NC SAM Summary (Continued)
(1) HABITAT
LOW
LOW
LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat
LOW
LOW
LOW
(3) Baseflow
HIGH
HIGH
HIGH
(3) Substrate
LOW
LOW
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
HIGH
LOW
LOW
(3) In -Stream Habitat
LOW
LOW
LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat
MEDIUM
LOW
LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat
MEDIUM
LOW
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
MEDIUM
LOW
LOW
OVERALL
MEDIUM
OW
LOW
*Stream is proposed for Enhancement Level II.
Based on NC SAM output, all three primary stream functional metrics (Hydrology, Water Quality, and Habitat),
as well as 20 sub -metrics are under -performing as exhibited by a LOW metric rating (see Figure 5, Appendix A
for NC SAM data reaches). LOW performing metrics are to be academically targeted for functional uplift through
mitigation activities.
Table 13. NC WAM Summary
NC WAM Sub -function Rating Summary
WAM 1
WAM 2
WAM 3
Wetland Type
Headwater Forest
Headwater Forest
Headwater Forest
(1) HYDROLOGY
LOW
HIGH
MEDIUM
(2) Surface Storage & Retention
LOW
HIGH
LOW
(2) Sub -surface Storage and Retention
LOW
HIGH
HIGH
(1) WATER QUALITY
LOW
HIGH
LOW
(2) Pathogen change
MEDIUM
HIGH
LOW
(2) Particulate Change
LOW
MEDIUM
HIGH
(2) Soluble change
LOW
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
(2) Physical Change
MEDIUM
HIGH
LOW
(1) HABITAT
LOW
LOW
LOW
(2) Physical Structure
LOW
LOW
LOW
(2) Landscape Patch Structure
LOW
LOW
LOW
(2) Vegetative Composition
LOW
LOW
LOW
OVERALL I
LOW
HIGH
LOW
NC WAM forms were filled out at three locations in the Site: one on a side -slope, one in the lower reaches, and
one in the headwaters of the Site. Typically, NC WAM forms are not filled out in wetland restoration areas.
However, the primary functional uplift to wetlands will occur in these areas. Therefore, NC WAM forms were
filled out using best professional judgment concerning several sub -functions.
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) page 23
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

Table 14 outlines stream and wetland functions identified in NC DMS 2020 guidance targeted for functional
uplift, restoration goals, and success criteria.
Table 14. Targeted Functions, Goals, Objectives, and Uplift Evaluation
Cumulative
Goal
Objective/Treatment
Likely Functional Uplift
Performance
Measurement
Monitoring
Criteria
Results
Reconstruct stream
channels with
Dispersion of high flows
Reconnect
appropriate bankfull
on the floodplain, an
2 Crest gauges
channels with
dimensions and
increase in
Four bankfull
(pressure
floodplains and
events and within
To be
depth relative to the
biogeochemical cycling
transducers)
riparian wetlands
the monitoring
determined
existing floodplain.
within the system, and
on UT 1 and
to allow a natural
period.
Remove overburden
recharging of riparian
UT 2
flooding regime.
to reconnect with
wetlands.
adjacent wetlands.
Bank height ratios
Construct stream
Reduction in sediment
remain below 1.2
channels that will
inputs from bank
over the
Improve y
Im rove stability of
maintain stable
erosion reduction of
monitoring
g period.
Cross -
To be
stream channels.
cross -sections,
shear stress, and
Visual assessments
section
se
determined
patterns, and profiles
improved overall
showing
surveys
over time.
hydraulic function.
progression
towards stability.
Reduction in floodplain
A survival rate of
Plant native tree and
Restore and
sediment inputs from
320 stems per acre
understory species in
enhance native
runoff, increased bank
at MY3 260
riparian zones and
To be
floodplain and
stability, increased
planted stems per
23 veg plots
plant appropriate
determined
streambank
LWD and organic
acre at MY5, and
vegetation.
species on
material in streams,
210 stems per acre
streambanks.
increased
at MY7.
Groundwater
Particulate and
saturation within
Restore and
Reduce channel
pollution conversion,
12 inches of the
enhance
depth in incised
groundwater storage
soil surface for 12
groundwater
stream reaches, fill
and reduced
% of the growing
15
To be
hydrology to
drainage ditches, and
downstream flooding,
season for
groundwater
determined
drained or
alleviate soil
habitat diversification,
reestablishment
gauges
impacted hydric
compaction from
and vegetative
and improvement
soil areas.
agriculture activities.
composition
of hydrology in
conversion.
rehabilitation
areas.
Note: Soil temperature at the beginning of each monitoring period to verify the start of the growing season, groundwater
and rain data for each monitoring period.
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) page 24
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

7 SITE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION CONSTRAINTS
The presence of conditions or characteristics that could hinder restoration activities on the Site was
evaluated. The evaluation focused primarily on the presence of hazardous materials, utilities and
restrictive easements, rare/threatened/endangered species or critical habitats, and the potential for
hydrologic trespass. Existing information regarding Site constraints was acquired and reviewed. In
addition, any Site conditions that could restrict the restoration design and implementation were
documented during the field investigation.
No known Site constraints that may hinder proposed mitigation activities were identified during field
surveys. Potential constraints reviewed include the following.
7.1 Threatened & Endangered Species
Four federally protected species are listed as occurring in Lee County as of January 11, 2021(USFWS 2021);
Table 15 summarizes potential habitat and a preliminary biological conclusion.
Table 15. Endangered Species Act Determinations
Potential
Biological
Species
Habitat
Habitat
Conclusion
at Site
Bald eagle
Bald eagles typically nest in tall, living trees in a conspicuous
No eagle act
(Haliaeetus
location near open water. Eagles forage over large bodies of
Yes
permit
leucocephalus)
water and utilize adjacent trees for perching.
required
The red -cockaded woodpecker (RCW) typically occupies open,
Red -cockaded
mature stands of southern pines, particularly longleaf pine (Pinus
woodpecker
palustris), for foraging and nesting/roosting habitat. The RCW
(Piexcavates
es borealis)
cavities for nesting and roosting in living pine trees,
No
No effect
Endgered
Endangered
aged 60 years or older, which are contiguous with pine stands at
least 30 years of age to provide foraging habitat. The foraging
range of the RCW is normally no more than 0.5 miles.
The Cape Fear shiner is known only from the Cape Fear River
watershed. In general, habitat occurs in streams with clean
gravel, cobble, or boulder substrates. It is most often observed
Cape Fear shiner
inhabiting slow pools, riffles, and slow runs associated with water
(Notropis
willow (Justicia americana) beds, which it uses for cover.
No
No Effect
mekistocholas)
Juveniles can be found inhabiting slackwater, among large rock
outcrops and in flooded side channels and pools. Spawning
occurs May through June when water temperatures reach 66
degrees Fahrenheit.
Harperella
Harperella in North Carolina typically occurs on rocky or gravel
(Ptilimnium
shoals and sandbars and along the margins of clear, swift -flowing
No
No Effect
nodosum)
stream sections
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165)
Crane Mitigation Site
Lee County, North Carolina
page 25
Restoration Systems, LLC
October 2021

7.2 Cultural Resources
The term "cultural resources" refers to prehistoric or historic archaeological sites, structures, or artifact
deposits over 50 years old. "Significant" cultural resources are those that are eligible or potentially eligible
for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places. Evaluations of site significance are made with
reference to the eligibility criteria of the National Register (36 CFR 60) and in consultation with the North
Carolina State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO).
Field visits were conducted at the Site in December 2020 and January 2021 to ascertain the presence of
structures or other features that may be eligible for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places.
No structures were identified within proposed easement boundaries; however, coordination with SHPO
will occur prior to construction activities to determine if any significant cultural resources are present.
7.3 North Carolina Natural Heritage Elements
A query of the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) database indicates there are no records
for rare species, important natural communities, natural areas, or conservation/managed areas within
the proposed project boundary. Within a one -mile radius of the project boundary, NCNHP lists red -
cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis) (Element Occurrence 3992 located approximately 0.3 miles west
of the Site), the Seaboard Longleaf Pine Stand natural area (located east of Rocky Fork Church Road
opposite the Site), an NCDOT Mitigation Site (located adjacent to US Highway 1 approximately 0.5-miles
west-northwest of the Site), and several additional element occurrences including state -listed species and
natural communities (Appendix Q.
7.4 FEMA
Inspection of the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map 3710953800J, Panel 9538, effective September 6, 2006,
indicates that Site streams are not located in a Special Flood Hazard Area. Therefore, the project should
not alter FEMA flood zones, and a "Conditional Letter of Map Revision" (CLOMR) is unnecessary for this
Site.
7.5 Utilities
No utilities are located within the project boundaries that would affect the project.
7.6 Air Transport Facilities
No air transport facilities are located within 5 miles of the Site.
7.7 Easement Breaks
Easement breaks were evaluated as a potential project constraint as they fragment the Site and reduce
the potential functional uplift. This project includes one (1) easement break (60') for a crossing that is 20'
feet in width. Therefore, easement breaks do not significantly reduce functional uplift of the Site and are
not considered a project constraint.
8 DESIGN APPROACH AND MITIGATION WORK PLAN
8.1 Stream Design
Onsite streams targeted for restoration have endured significant disturbance from land use activities such
as land clearing, livestock grazing, straightening and rerouting of channels, ditching within the floodplain,
and other anthropogenic maintenance. Site streams will be restored to emulate historical conditions at
the Site utilizing parameters from nearby, relatively undisturbed reference streams (see Section 4.1
Reference Streams).
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165)
Crane Mitigation Site
Lee County, North Carolina
page 26
Restoration Systems, LLC
October 2021

Primary activities designed to restore Site streams include 1) stream restoration, 2) stream enhancement
(Level 11), 3) wetland reestablishment, 4) wetland rehabilitation, 5) wetland enhancement, and 6)
vegetation planting (Figures 10 and 12, Appendix A).
8.1.1 Stream Restoration
Stream restoration efforts are designed to restore a stable stream that approximates hydrodynamics,
stream geometry, and local microtopography relative to reference conditions. Restoration at the Site will
be a combination of Priority I and II restoration. Bankfull elevations will be raised to meet the adjacent
valley floodplain elevation as soon as tie-in elevations are achieved.
Stream restoration is expected to entail 1) channel excavation, 2) channel stabilization, 3) channel
diversion, and 4) channel backfill.
In -stream Structures
In -stream structures will be used for grade control, habitat, and to elevate local water surface profiles in
the channel, flattening the water -energy slope or gradient and directing stream energy into the center of
the channel and away from banks. The structures will consist of log cross -vanes or log j-hook vanes;
however, at the Engineer's discretion, rock cross -vanes or rockj-hook vanes may be substituted if dictated
by field conditions. In addition, the structures will be placed in relatively straight reaches to provide
secondary (perpendicular) flow cells during bankfull events.
Bridge Crossing
Landowner constraints will necessitate the installation of a bridge crossing to allow access to portions of
the property isolated by stream restoration activities Figure 10 (Appendix A). The crossing will be
constructed with suitable dimensions to allow for stormwater flows, with adjacent floodplain pipes to
allow overflow discharge onto the floodplain. Materials will include hydraulically stable rip -rap or suitable
rock. The crossing will be large enough to handle anticipated farm and livestock use. Approach grades to
the crossing will be at an approximate 10:1 slope and constructed of hard, scour -resistant crushed rock
or other permeable material free of fines. Fencing will be installed to restrict livestock access to Site
waters.
8.1.2 Stream Enhancement (Level II)
Stream enhancement (level 11) will entail the installation of easement markers and fencing to restrict
livestock and planting riparian buffers with native forest vegetation to facilitate stream recovery and
prevent further degradation of the stream.
8.2 Individual Reach Discussions
Mitigation strategies proposed for each reach are presented in Table 16.
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165)
Crane Mitigation Site
Lee County, North Carolina
page 27
Restoration Systems, LLC
October 2021

Table 16. Individual Reach Descriptions and Functional Uplift
Individual
Mitigation Activities
Functional Uplift Provided for
Reach
Identified Stressors
• Initiate Enhancement II at the upstream property boundary by
treating invasive species, planting appropriate species, and
. Non-functioning riparian
fencing livestock.
buffer/wetland vegetation
• Tie to the lower Enhancement reach and initiate P1 stream
. Nutrients
restoration at the historic floodplain elevation.
• Install grade control/habitat structures.
• Fecal Coliform
UT 1
• Hydrate adjacent wetlands by backfilling incised, ditched stream
• Peak Flows
channels.
• Artificial Barriers
• Install a stream bridge crossing in the lower reaches of UT 1.
• Ditching/Draining
• Remove and fence livestock from the property.
• Habitat Fragmentation
• Plant a vegetative buffer within the entire floodplain.
• Limited Bedform Diversity
• Tie into the downstream reach of the channel before discharging
• Absence of Large Woody Debris
the stream from the Site.
• Non-functioning riparian
• Tie into the upper, offsite reaches of UT 2 and initiate a
buffer/wetland vegetation
combination of P1 and P2 stream restoration.
• Nutrients
• Install a forded crossing at the upper reaches to replace a failed
• Fecal Coliform
piped crossing and fix the grade, this is outside the easement.
UT 2
• Install grade control/habitat structures.
• Peak Flows
• Remove and fence livestock from the property.
• Artificial Barriers
• Ditching/Draining
• Plant a vegetative buffer within the entire floodplain.
• Tie into the downstream reach of the channel before discharging
. Habitat Fragmentation
the stream from the Site.
• Limited Bedform Diversity
• Absence of Large Woody Debris
•
Non-functioning riparian
• Tie to seepage area and initiate P1 stream restoration in the
buffer/wetland vegetation
lowest elevation portion of the valley.
• Install grade control/habitat structures.
• Nutrients
• Hydrate adjacent wetlands by backfilling incised, ditched stream
• Fecal Coliform
UT 3
channels.
• Peak Flows
• Tie into UT 1 across and inner bend at the appropriate elevation.
• Ditching/Draining
• Remove and fence livestock from the property.
• Habitat Fragmentation
Fragmentation
• Plant a vegetative buffer within the entire floodplain.
• Limited Bedform Diversity
. Absence of Large Woody Debris
• Initiate P1 stream restoration at the historic floodplain
• Non-functioning riparian
elevation.
buffer/wetland vegetation
• Install grade control/habitat structures.
• Nutrients
• Hydrate adjacent wetlands by backfilling incised, ditched stream
• Fecal Coliform
UT 4
channels.
• Peak Flows
• Tie the lower reaches of the channel into UT 1 across an inner
• Ditching/Draining
bend.
• Habitat Fragmentation
• Remove and fence livestock from the property.
• Limited Bedform Diversity
• Plant a vegetative buffer within the entire floodplain.
• Absence of Large Woody Debris
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165)
Crane Mitigation Site
Lee County, North Carolina
page 28
Restoration Systems, LLC
October 2021

Table 16. Individual Reach Descriptions and Functional Uplift (Continued)
• Tie to seepage area and initiate P1 stream restoration in the • Non-functioning riparian
lowest elevation portion of the valley. buffer/wetland vegetation
• Install grade control/habitat structures. • Nutrients
• Hydrate adjacent wetlands by backfilling incised, ditched stream • Fecal Coliform
UT 5 channels. • Peak Flows
• Tie into UT 1 across and inner bend at the appropriate • Ditching/Draining
elevation. • Habitat Fragmentation
• Remove and fence livestock from the property. • Limited Bedform Diversity
• Plant a vegetative buffer within the entire floodplain. • Absence of Large Woody Debris
8.3 Wetland Enhancement, Reestablishment, and Rehabilitation
Wetland enhancement, reestablishment, and rehabilitation are designed to restore a fully functioning
wetland system to provide surface water storage, nutrient cycling, removal of imported elements and
compounds, and create a variety and abundance of wildlife habitat.
Wetland Enhancement
Wetland enhancement includes areas of existing wetlands (based on the approved PJD) that have been
subject to timber harvest, cleared of forest vegetation, or are pasture for livestock grazing. These areas
will be planted with native forest vegetation and will have livestock removed/fenced from the area.
Planting and livestock removal will enhance 10.646 acres of existing wetland within the Site boundaries.
Wetland Reestablishment
Portions of the Site underlain by hydric soils have been impacted by stream dredging, vegetative clearing,
agriculture grazing, and other land disturbances associated with land use management. Wetland
reestablishment will focus on restoring vegetative communities, restoring stream corridors and historic
groundwater tables, and reestablishing soil structure and microtopographic variations. These activities
will result in the reestablishment of approximately 8.815 acres of jurisdictional riparian riverine wetlands.
Wetland Rehabilitation
Wetland Rehabilitation will occur in areas of the Site that are currently jurisdictional; however,
groundwater drawdown is presently affected by ditches and channel incision. These areas had
preconstruction groundwater gauges installed in Early February 2021 (Appendix B). The location of
groundwater gauges is depicted in Figure 5 (Appendix A). Wetland rehabilitation areas should show an
improvement in hydrology, including increased hydroperiod during normal climatic conditions and/or
increased stream connectivity from stream overbank flooding. Wetland rehabilitation activities will result
in approximately 0.683 acres of improved jurisdiction riparian wetlands. Groundwater gauge data will be
included in annual monitoring reports for comparison to preconstruction gauge data.
8.4 Soil Restoration
Soil grading will occur during stream restoration activities. Topsoil will be stockpiled during construction
activities and spread on the soil surface once the critical subgrade has been established. The replaced
topsoil will serve as a viable growing medium for community restoration to provide nutrients and aid in
the survival of planted species, as well as volunteer desirable native species which exist in the seed bank.
8.5 Natural Plant Community Restoration
Restoration of floodplain forest and stream -side habitat allows for the development and expansion of
characteristic species across the landscape. Ecotonal changes between community types contribute to
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165)
Crane Mitigation Site
Lee County, North Carolina
page 29
Restoration Systems, LLC
October 2021

the diversity and provide secondary benefits, such as enhanced feeding and nesting opportunities for
mammals, birds, amphibians, and other wildlife. Reference Forest Ecosystem (RFE) data, onsite
observations, and community descriptions from Classification of the Natural Communities of North
Carolina (Schafale and Weakley 1990, 2012) were used to develop the primary plant community
associations that will be promoted during community restoration activities.
8.5.1 Planting Plan
Stream -side trees and shrubs include species with high value for sediment stabilization, rapid growth rate,
and the ability to withstand hydraulic forces associated with bankfull flow and overbank flood events.
Stream -side trees and shrubs will be planted within 15 feet of the channel top of bank throughout the
meander belt -width. In addition, shrub elements will be planted along the reconstructed stream banks,
concentrated along outer bends. Coastal Plain Bottomland Hardwood Forest (Brownwater Subtype) is the
target community for the lower floodplain portions of the Site with Coastal Plain Small Stream Swamp
(Brownwater Subtype), and possibly Sandhills Streamhead Swamp targeted for headwater portions of the
Site. Significant overlap in species for each planting community allows for a broad fringe between the
ecological zones.
Table 17 depicts the total number of stems and species distribution within each vegetation association
(Figure 12, Appendix A). Planting will be performed between December 1 and March 15 to allow plants to
stabilize during the dormant period and set root during the spring season.
Due to floodplain soils being of the Wehadkee and Johnston series, scattered openings dominated by
herbs and shrubs are likely to develop over time. These areas are each expected to be less than an acre in
size and encompass less than 20% of the Site. As the wetland matures, poorly drained soils will make
conditions favorable for species like those described in a Coastal Plain Semipermanent Impoundment to
thrive. Several species included in the seed mix are expected to do well in this community type, but much
of the impoundment vegetation is expected to establish from the existing seedbank as the planted woody
species fade out.
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) page 30
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

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8.5.2 Nuisance Species Management
Invasive plant species will be observed and controlled mechanically and/or chemically as part of this
project. No other nuisance species controls are proposed at this time. Inspections for beaver and other
potential nuisance species will occur throughout the monitoring period. Appropriate actions may be taken
to ameliorate any negative impacts regarding vegetation development and/or water management on an
as -needed basis. The presences of nuisance species will be monitored over the course of the monitoring
period. Appropriate actions will be taken to ameliorate any negative impacts regarding vegetation
development and/or water management on an as -needed basis.
9 MONITORING AND SUCCESS CRITERIA
Monitoring will be conducted by Axiom Environmental, Inc based on the schedule in Table 19. A summary
of monitoring is outlined in Table 20 (Figure 13, Appendix A). Annual monitoring reports will be submitted
to the NCDMS by Restoration Systems no later than December 31 of each monitoring year data is
collected.
Table 19. Monitoring Schedule
Resource
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Year 5
Year 6
Year 7
Streams
x
x
x
x
x
Wetlands
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
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x
x
x
x
x
Visual Assessment
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Report Submittal
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
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Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) page 33
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

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9.1 Success Criteria
Monitoring and success criteria for stream restoration should relate to project goals and objectives
identified from on -site NC SAM and NC WAM data collection. Several of the goals and objectives are
assumed to be functionally elevated by restoration activities without direct measurement from a
mitigation perspective. Other goals and objectives will be considered successful upon achieving success
criteria. Table 21 summarizes Site success criteria.
Table 21. Success Criteria
Streams
• All streams must maintain an Ordinary High -Water Mark (OHWM), per RGL 05-05.
• Bank height ratio (BHR) cannot exceed 1.2 at any measured cross-section.
• BHR at any measure riffle cross-section should not change by more than 10% from baseline condition during
any given monitoring period.
• The stream project shall remain stable, and all other performance standards shall be met through four
separate bankfull events, occurring in individual years, during the monitoring years 1-7.
• Intermittent streams will demonstrate at least 30-days of consecutive flow.
Wetland Hydrology
• Saturation or inundation within the upper 12 inches of the soil surface for, at a minimum, 12 percent of the
growing season, during average climatic conditions.
Vegetation
• Within planted portions of the site, a minimum of 320 stems per acre must be present at year 3; a minimum
of 260 stems per acre must be present at year 5; and a minimum of 210 stems per acre must be present at
year 7.
• Trees must average 7 feet in height at year 5 and 10 feet in height at year 7 in each plot.
• Planted and volunteer stems are counted, provided they are included in the approved planting list for the
site; natural recruits not on the planting list may be considered by the IRT on a case -by -case basis. Natural
recruits can only be counted toward success after they have been in the ground for 2 years.
9.2 Contingency
If stream success criteria are not fulfilled, a mechanism for contingency will be implemented.
9.2.1 Stream Contingency
Stream contingency may include but may not be limited to 1) structure repair and/or installation; 2) repair
of dimension, pattern, and/or profile variables; and 3) bank stabilization. The contingency method is
expected to be dependent upon stream variables that are not in compliance with success criteria. Primary
concerns, which may jeopardize stream success, include 1) structure failure, 2) headcut migration through
the Site, and/or 3) bank erosion.
Structure Failure
In the event structures are compromised, the affected structure will be repaired, maintained, or replaced.
Once the structure is repaired or replaced, it must function to stabilize adjacent stream banks and/or
maintain grade control within the channel. Structures that remain intact, but exhibit flow around,
beneath, or through the header/footer will be repaired by excavating a trench on the upstream side of
the structure and reinstalling filter fabric in front of the pilings. Structures that have been compromised,
resulting in shifting or collapse of a header/footer, will be removed and replaced with a structure suitable
for Site flows.
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165)
Crane Mitigation Site
Lee County, North Carolina
page 35
Restoration Systems, LLC
October 2021

Headcut Migration Through the Site
If a headcut occurs within the Site (identified visually or through measurements [i.e., bank -height ratios
exceeding 1.4]), provisions for impeding headcut migration and repairing damage caused by the headcut
will be implemented. Headcut migration may be impeded by installing in -stream grade control structures
(rip -rap sill and/or log cross -vane weir) and/or restoring stream geometry variables until channel stability
is achieved. Channel repairs to stream geometry may include channel backfill with coarse material and
stabilizing the material with erosion control matting, vegetative transplants, and/or willow stakes.
Bank Erosion
If severe bank erosion occurs within the Site, resulting in the incision, lateral instability, and/or elevated
width -to -depth ratios (locally or systemically), contingency measures to reduce bank erosion and the
width -to -depth ratio will be implemented. Bank erosion contingency measures may include the
installation of log -vane weirs and/or other bank stabilization measures. In addition, if the resultant bank
erosion induces shoot cutoffs or channel abandonment, a channel may be excavated to reduce shear
stress to stable values.
Beaver and other Invasive Species
Indications of beaver establishment will be monitored throughout the 7-year monitoring period. If
beaver(s) are identified in the Site, the location of the dam (if any) will be depicted on CCPV mapping, and
the beaver will be trapped during the following fall/winter. Once beaver(s) have been trapped, the dam
(if any) will be removed. Removal of the dam is expected to occur by hand to minimized disturbance to
the adjacent mitigation areas.
When invasive species controls are required by the IRT, species such as multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora),
Russian olive (Eleagnus angustifolium), Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense), and tree of heaven (Ailanthus
altissima) will be treated by cutting and directly treating the stump with Garlon 4A (or other similar
materials) to minimize re -sprouting. Appropriate actions to ameliorate any negative impacts regarding
vegetation development and/or water management will occur on an as -needed basis. Additional
monitoring or other contingency measures will be determined by consultation with the IRT.
Road/Bridge/Culvert Maintenance
Observation of road crossing/bridge/culverts will occur during regular monitoring visits conducted at the
Site. Bridge/culverts will be monitored primarily for blockage; however, if erosion is occurring it will also
be noted. Roadbeds, culverts, and the bridge will be monitored for the seven-year monitoring period to
ensure that no additional sediment deposition is occurring within the Site. Once the seven-year
monitoring period has expired, maintenance of these crossing features will be the responsibility of the
landowner.
Development/Logging
The Site is located in a region that is not expected to experience extensive development. In addition, the
Site encompasses a significant portion of the headwater watershed, which should protect the Site from
erosion resulting from development and/or logging.
9.2.2 Wetland Contingency
Hydrological contingency will require consultation with hydrologists and regulatory agencies if wetland
hydrology enhancement is not achieved. Floodplain surface modifications, including the construction of
ephemeral pools, represent a likely mechanism to increase the floodplain area supporting jurisdictional
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165)
Crane Mitigation Site
Lee County, North Carolina
page 36
Restoration Systems, LLC
October 2021

wetlands. Recommendations for a contingency to establish wetland hydrology will be implemented and
monitored until Hydrology Success Criteria are achieved. IRT consultation and approval will be necessary
if future earthwork is proposed. In addition, if the depth of ephemeral pools exceeds 1 foot, the credit
ratio may be changed to reflect wetland creation.
9.2.3 Vegetation Contingency
If vegetation success criteria are not achieved, supplemental planting may be performed with tree species
approved by regulatory agencies. Supplemental planting will be completed as needed until the
achievement of vegetation success criteria.
9.3 Compatibility with Project Goals
Table 22 outlines the compatibility of Site performance criteria described above to Site goals and
objectives that will be utilized to evaluate if Site goals and objectives are achieved.
Space purposefully left blank
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) page 37
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

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10 ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT PLAN
If the mitigation Site or a specific component of the mitigation Site fails to achieve the necessary
performance standards as specified in the mitigation plan, the Sponsor shall notify DMS and work with
the IRT to develop contingency plans and remedial actions.
11 LONG-TERM MANAGEMENT PLAN
The Site will be transferred to the NCDEQ Stewardship Program. This party shall serve as conservation
easement holder and long-term steward for the property and will conduct periodic inspections of the Site
to ensure that restrictions required in the conservation easement are upheld. Funding will be supplied by
the responsible party on a yearly basis until such time an endowment is established. The NCDEQ
Stewardship Program is developing an endowment system within the non -reverting, interest -bearing
Conservation Lands Conservation Fund Account. The use of funds from the Endowment Account will be
governed by North Carolina General Statute GS 113A-232(d)(3). Interest gained by the endowment fund
may be used for the purpose of stewardship, monitoring, stewardship administration, and land
transaction costs, if applicable.
12 REFERENCES
Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual. Technical Report Y-
87-1. United States Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Mississippi.
Gordon, N.D., T.A. McMahon, and B.L. Finlayson. 1992. Stream Hydrology: an Introduction for Ecologists.
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. West Sussex, England.
Griffith, G.E., J.M. Omernik, J.A. Comstock, M.P. Schafale, W.H. McNab, D.R. Lenat, T.F. MacPherson, J.B.
Glover, and V.B. Shelbourne. 2002. Ecoregions of North Carolina and South Carolina. U.S.
Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
Harman, W.A., G.D. Jennings, J.M. Patterson, D.R. Clinton, L.A. O'Hara, A. Jessup, R. Everhart. 1999.
Bankfull Hydraulic Geometry Relationships for North Carolina Streams. N.C. State University,
Raleigh, North Carolina.
Lee, M.T., R.K. Peet, S.D. Roberts, and T.R. Wentworth. 2008. CVS-EEP Protocol for Recording
Vegetation. Version 4.2. North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources,
Ecosystem Enhancement Program. Raleigh, North Carolina.
Leopold, L.B. 1994. A View of the River. Harvard University Press. Cambridge, MA. 298 pp.
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ). 2018a. Final 2016 Category 5
Assessments-303(d) List (online). Available:
https://files.nc.gov/ncdeq/Water%20Quality/Planning/TMDL/303d/2016/2016_NC_Category_5
_303d_list.pdf (February 4, 2019).
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165)
Crane Mitigation Site
Lee County, North Carolina
page 39
Restoration Systems, LLC
October 2021

North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ). 2018b. Draft 2018 North Carolina 303(d)
List (online). Available:
https://files.nc.gov/ncdeq/Water%20Quality/Planning/TM DL/303d/2018/2018-DRAFT-NC-303-
d--ListwCover.pdf (February 4, 2019).
North Carolina Division of Mitigation Services (NCDMS). 2016. Quantifying Benefits to Water Quality
from Livestock Exclusion and Riparian Buffer Establishment for Stream Restoration. June 15,
2016. North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality, Raleigh, North Carolina.
North Carolina Division of Water Resources (NCDWR). 2021. River Basin Classification Schedule: Cape
Fear River Basin (online). Available:
https://files.nc.gov/ncdeq/Water%20Quality/Planning/CSU/Su rface%20Water/River%20Basin%
20Water%2OQu al ity%20CIassifications%20as%20of%2O Dec%209%202013/CapeFear_Hydro_ord
er.pdf (January 26, 2021).
North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program (NCEEP 2009). Cape Fear River Basin Restoration
Priorities 2009 (online). Available :
http://porta1.ncdenr.org/c/docu ment_li bra ry/get_fi le?u u id=864e82e8-725c-415e-8ed9-
c72dfcb55012&grou p Id=60329
North Carolina Stream Functional Assessment Team. (NC SFAT 2015). N.C. Stream Assessment Method
(NC SAM) User Manual. Version 2.1.
North Carolina Wetland Functional Assessment Team. (NC WFAT 2010). N.C. Wetland Assessment
Method (NC WAM) User Manual. Version 4.1.
Rosgen, D. 1996. Applied River Morphology. Wildland Hydrology (Publisher). Pagosa Springs, Colorado
Rosgen, D. 2009. A Practical Method of Computing Streambank Erosion Rate (online). Available:
http://www.u-s-c.org/htmI/documents/Erosionrates.pdf.
Rosgen, D. 2011. Estimating Sediment Loads using the Bank Assessment of Non -point source
Consequences of Sediment (BANCS). Watershed Assessment of River Stability and Sediment
Supply (WARSSS). Hagerstown, Maryland.
Schafale, M.P. and A.S. Weakley. 1990. Classification of the Natural Communities of North Carolina:
Third Approximation. North Carolina Natural Heritage Program, Division of Parks and
Recreation, North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources. Raleigh,
North Carolina.
Schafale, M.P., 2012. GUIDE TO THE NATURAL COMMUNITIES OF NORTH CAROLINA FOURTH
APPROXIMATION March 2012. North Carolina Natural Heritage Program, Department of
Environment and Natural Resources.
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165)
Crane Mitigation Site
Lee County, North Carolina
page 40
Restoration Systems, LLC
October 2021

Simon A, Hupp CR. 1986. Geomorphic and Vegetative Recovery Processes Along Modified Tennessee
Streams: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Disturbed Fluvial Systems. Forest Hydrology and
Watershed Management. IAHS-AISH Publ.167.
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). 2020. Web Soil Survey (online). Available:
https://websoiIsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/App/HomePage.htm [February 10, 2020]. United States
Department of Agriculture.
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). 1989. Soil Survey of Lee County, North Carolina. Soil
Conservation Service.
United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2018. Endangered Species, Threatened Species, Federal
Species of Concern, and Candidate Species, Robeson County, North Carolina (online). Available:
https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/cntylist/alamance.html [January 11, 2021].
United States Geological Survey (USGS). 2011. Estimating the Magnitude and Frequency of Floods in
Rural Basins of North Carolina — Recompiled. USGS Water -Resources Investigations Report 01-
4207. Raleigh, North Carolina.
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) page 41
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

APPENDIX A. FIGURES
Figure 1.
Site Location
Figure 2.
Reference Site Location
Figure 3.
Hydrologic Unit Map
Figure 4.
Topography and Drainage Area
Figure 5.
Existing Conditions and Soils
Figure 6.
Historic Photos
Figure 7.
Soil Borings
Figure 8. Lidar
Figure 9. Reference Site Dimension, Pattern, and Profile
Figure 10. Restoration Plan
Figure 11. Proposed Dimension, Pattern, and Profile
Figure 12. Planting Plan
Figure 13. Monitoring Plan
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) Appendices
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

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APPENDIX B. EXISTING STREAM & WETLAND DATA
Table B1. Crane Morphological Stream Characteristics
Figure B1. Cross Section Locations
Existing Stream Cross-section Data
NC SAM Forms
NC WAM Forms
BEHI/NBS Data
Soil Boring Logs
Pre -Construction Groundwater Gauge Graphs
Antecedent Precipitation Data
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) Appendices
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

Table 131. Crane Site Mornholoaical Stream Characteristics
Variables
REFERENCE -HALL
REFERENCE -CRANE
Stream Type
E5
E5
Drainage Area(,k)
0.12
021
BankDll Discharge (cfs)
18.0
20 5
Dimension Variables
BankNll CrossSectional Area (4,)
4.8
53
Existing CmssSectional Area (Amsmg)
59-72
5355
Bankfull Want (A,I)
Mean.
6.6
Mean'.
].0
Range.
59-72
Range.
6.7-72
Bankfull Mean Depth Q,)
Mean'.
0.8
Mean'.
0.8
Range.
0.7-08
Range.
0.8-08
Mean'.
12
Mean'.
1 2
Bankfull Maximum Depth ((aax)
Range.
1 1-1 2
Range.
11-12
Mean.
102
Mean.
81
Pool Wdth NOaooi)
Ra'g.
IRa,g..
61-0 5
Maximum Pool Depth (rah,)
Mean
16
Mean
15
Range.
Range.
1 4-1 5
W dth of Floodprone Area (Vt�a)
Mean
115
Mean
50.0
Range.
8-150
Range.
Dimension Ratios
Entre nchment Pat" (A) ,Harr)
Mean
174
Mean
12
Range.
13.6-208
Range.
6 9-7 5
Wdth/ Depth Ratio(A,WDarr)
Mean
92
Mean
8]
Range.
14-109
Range.
84-90
Max. err/Darr Ratio
Mean
16
Mean
14
Range.
14-1 1
Range.
14-15
Low Bank Height/Max. Q,Ratio
Mean
11
Mean
10
Range.
1 1-1 2
Range.
Maxi mum Pool Depth /Bankfull
Mean
21
Mean
18
Mean Depth (L}ooi/Dar,)
Range.
Range.
1.8-19
Pool Wdth/Bankfull
Mean
1.6
Mean
12
Wath (WpoOiNVarr)
Range.
Range.
1.0-14
Pool Area/Bankfull
Mean
1.6
Mean
14
Cross Sectional Area
Range.
Range.
1 3-1 5
Variables
REFERENCE -HALL
REFERENCE -CRANE
Pattern
Variables
Pool to Pool Spaang (I,,)
Mod.
Range.
20.1
12-55
Mod.
Range.
211
17-49
Meander Length it,
Mod.
Range.
322
16-73
Mod.
Range.
46.8
30-64
Belt Want(VUaair)
Mod.
Range.
144
110-20.0
Mod.
Range.
184
116-25.7
Radius of Curvature (B)
Med.
Range.
10.1
43949.0
Mod.
Range.
129
]3-215
Sinuosity (Sin)
1 20
1.1
Pattern Ratios
Pool to Pool Spaang/
Mod.
3.0
Med.
4.0
Bankfull Watt it,IMarr)
Range.
1.8-03
Range.
25-70
Meander Length/
Mod.
49
Med.
6.1
Bankfull Want (l,,,WVakr)
Range.
24-11.1
Range.
43-02
Meander Wdth Ratio
Mod.
22
Med.
2.7
(WaairNVai;r)
Range.
17-30
Range.
17-37
Radius of Curvature/
Mod.
15
Med.
19
Bankfull Wdth(RdWarr)
Range.
0.642
Range.
1.1-31
Profile Variables
Average Water Surface Slope (Sva)
0.0133
0.0062
Valley Slop.(S,,,)
0.0160
0.0073
Riffle Slope ($,ma)
Mean
0.0138
Mean
0.0020
Range.
0.0019-00305
Range.
0.00034
Pool Slope(Eoo)
Mean
0.0145
Mean
0.0008
Range.
0-0.0472
Range.
000046
Run Slope (5,,,,)
Mean
0.0102
Mean
0.0028
Range.
0-0.0402
Range.
0.00685
Glide Slope ($iiaa)
Mean
0.0063
Mean
0.0016
Range.
0-0.0246
Range.
0.00125
Profile Ratios
Riffle Slope/Water Sun-
Mean
1.0
Mean
032
Slope (S,-/Saga)
Range.
0.1-23
Range.
0-054
Pool SlopeWVater Surface
Mean
1.1
Mean
0.12
Slope(Spooiks-)
Range.
0-35
Range.
0-073
Run Sl opeWVater Surface
Mean
0.8
Mean
045
Slope (S, „/Saga)
Range.
0-3.0
Range.
0-11.0
Glide SlopeMater Surface
Mean
05
Mean
025
Slope(Sgiia,,S-)
Range.
0-19
Range.
0-20
Dim.n.i.i, Rill
Bird-
Vilriilbl..
EMId
11 1
Mesita.
Mod
20 1
Pang. 16 7 to 418
10 3 to
25 8
Bird-
Rill
P,.fil. Rill
and pools due to hannel indsion
and pools due to hannel indsion

Table 131 (Continued). Crane Site Mornholoaical Stream Characteristics
Vinables
REFERENCE -HALL
REFERENCE -CRANE
Stream Type
E5
E5
Drainage Area(,k)
0.12
021
BankDll Discharge (cfs)
18.0
20 5
Dimension Variables
BankNll CrossSectional Area (4,)
4.8
53
Existing CmssSectional Area (Amsmg)
59-72
5355
Bankfull Wdth (Akr)
Mean.
6.6
Mean'.
].0
Range.
59-72
Range.
6.7-72
Bankfull Mean Depth Q,)
Mean'.
0.8
Mean'.
0.8
Range.
0.7-08
Range.
0.8-08
Mean '.
1 2
Mean.
1 2
Bankfull Maximum Depth (�aj
Range.
1 1-1 2
Range.
11-12
Mean
102
Mean
81
Pool Wdth NOaom)
Ra'g.
IRa,g..
61-0 5
Mean
16
Mean
15
Maximum Pool Depth (4.,)
Range.
Range.
1 4-1 5
W dth of Floodprone Area (Vt�a)
Mean
115
Mean
50.0
Range.
8-150
Range.
Dimension Ratios
Entre nchment Pat" (A) fflekl)
Mean
174
Mean
12
Range.
13.6-208
Range.
6 9-7 5
Wdth/ Depth Ratio(A,WDekr)
Mean
92
Mean
8]
Range.
14-109
Range.
84-90
Max. err/Dekr Ratio
Mean
16
Mean
14
Range.
14-1 1
Range.
14-15
Low Bank Height/Max. Q, Ratio
Mean
11
Mean
10
Range.
1 1-1 2
Range.
Maxi mum Pool Depth /Bankfull
Mean
21
Mean
18
Mean Depth (Lbom/Dekr)
Range.
Range.
1.8-19
Pool Wdth/Bankfull
Mean
1.6
Mean
12
Wath (WpooiNVekr)
Range.
Range.
1.0-14
Pool Area/Bankfull
Mean
1.6
Mean
14
Cross Sectional Area
Range.
Range.
1 3-1 5
Vinables
REFERENCE -HALL
REFERENCE -CRANE
Pattern
Variables
Pool to Pool Spaang (I,,)
Mod.
Range.
20.1
12-55
Mod.
Range.
28.1
17-49
Meander Length it,
Mod.
Rarage.
322
16-73
Med.
Range.
46.8
30-64
Belt Want(Wair)
Mod.
Range.
144
44155.0
Mod.
Range.
184
116-25.7
Radius of Curvature
Med.
Range.
10.1
43949.0
Mod.
Range.
129
]3-215
Sinuosity (Sin)
1 20
1.17
Pattern Ratios
Pool to Pool Spaang/
Mod.
3.0
Med.
4.0
Bankfull Watt it,IMe„r)
Range.
1.8-03
Range.
25-]0
Me an der Length/
Mod.
49
Med.
6.7
Bankfull Want(l,,,M1,I)
Range.
24-11.1
Range.
43-02
M Bander Wdth Ratio
Mod.
22
Med.
2.7
(Weair/We„r)
Range.
17-30
Range.
1]-3]
Radius of Curvature/
Mod.
1 5
Mod.
1 9
Bankfull Wdth (RdVV'tikr)
Range.
0.642
Range.
1.1-31
Profile Variables
Average Water Surid,R Slope (Fv,)
0.0133
0.0062
Valley Slop.(S,,,)
0.0160
0.00]3
Riffle Slope (Sio')
Mean
0.0138
Mean
0.0020
Range.
0.0019-00305
Range.
0.00034
Pool Slope(Eo_)
Mean
0.0145
Mean
0.0008
Range.
0-0.0472
Range.
0-00046
Run Slope (5,,,,)
Mean
0.0102
Mean
0.0028
Range.
0-0.0402
Range.
0.00685
Glide Slope (Sims)
Mean
0.0063
Mean
0.0016
Range.
0-0.0246
Range.
0.00125
Profile Ratios
Riffle Slope/Water Surtace
Mean
1.0
Mean
032
Slope(S,-/S-)
Range.
0.1-23
Range.
0.054
Pool SlopeWater Surface
Mean
1.1
Mean
0.12
Sl ope(Spooi/s-)
Range.
0-35
Range.
0-0 ]3
Run Sl opeWater Surtace
Mean
0.8
Mean
045
Slope (S, „/S-)
Range.
0-3.0
Range.
0-11.0
Glide SlopeMater Surface
Mean
05
Mean
025
Slope(Sgim,eS-)
Range.
0-19
Range.
0
Dinn-mr, Rill
Existing(UT 3)
Prop osetl(UT
3)
Ex istin g(UT 4)
Prop osetl(UT
4)
Pattern
Variables
No distinct repetitive pattern of raffles
and pools
Mod.
Range.
123
16 4
to
24.6
No distinct repetitive patter ofnffles
and pools
Mod.
Range.
12.8
11.1
to
25.6
Med. 24.6
Ra rage. 20 5 to 32.8
Med. 25.6
Range. 21 3 to
34.1
Med. 123
Range. 82 to 164
Med. 12.8
Range. 85 to
11.1
Med. 123
Range. 82 to 205
Med. 12.8
Range. 85 to
213
1.01
1.10
1.01
1.10
Pattern
Ratios
Mod.
4.0
Med.
4.0
Ra nge.
3.0
to
6.0
Range'.
3.0
to
6.0
Mod.
6.0
Med.
6.0
No distinct repetitive pattern of riffles
Range.
5.0
to
8.0
No distinct repetitive patter ofriffles
Range.
5.0
to
8.0
Med.
3.0
Med.
3.0
and pools
and pools
Range.
2.0
to
4.0
Range'.
2.0
to
4.0
Med.
3.0
Med.
3.0
Range.
2.0
to
5.0
Range'.
2.0
to
5.0
265
P,.fil. Rill

Table 131 (Continued). Crane Site Mornholoaical Stream Characteristics
Variables
REFERENCE -HALL
REFERENCE -CRANE
Stream Type
E5
E5
Drainage Area(,k)
0.12
021
Bankfull Discharge (cfs)
18.0
20 5
Dimension Variables
BankNll CrossSectional Area
4.8
53
Existing CmssSecti onal Area (Amsmg)
59-72
5355
Bankfull Wdth (Akr)
Mean.
6.6
Mean'.
].0
Range.
59-72
Range.
6.7-72
Bankfull Mean Depth Q,)
Mean'.
0.8
Mean'.
0.8
Rarage.
0.7-08
Range.
0.8-08
Mean'.
1 2
Mean.
1 2
Bankfull Maximum Depth (�aj
Range.
1.1-12
Range.
1.1-12
Mean
102
Mean
81
Pool Width NVpom)
Range
lRange.
6.1-05
me
1.6
Mean
15
Maximum Pool Depth (4,)
ngean
Rae.
Range.
14-15
Width o f Floodp,,ne Area(V\6)
Mean
115
Mean
50.0
Rarage.
80-150
Rarage.
Dimension Ratios
Entrenchment Ratio (V),aNVekr)
Mean
174
Mean
12
Range.
13.6-208
Range.
6 9-7 5
Wdth/ Depth Ratio(A,WDekr)
Mean
92
Mean
8.]
Range.
14-109
Range.
84-00
Max. DkI/De„r Rat10
Mean
1.6
Mean
14
Range.
1 4-1 7
Range.
1 4-1 5
Low Bank Height/Max. Q, Ratio
Mean
1.1
Mean
1.0
Range.
1.1-12
Range.
Maxi mum Pool Depth/Bankfull
Mean
2.1
Mean
1.8
Mean Depth (L4m/Di
Range.
Range.
1.8-19
Pool Wdth/Bankfull
Mean
1.6
Mean
12
Watt(WpooiNVekr)
Range.
Range.
1.0-14
Pool Area/Bankfull
Mean
1.6
Mean
14
Cross Sectional Area
Range.
Range.
13-15
Variables
REFERENCE - HALL
REFERENCE -CRANE
Pattern
Variables
Pool to Pool Spaang (I,,)
Mod.
Range.
20.1
12-55
Mod.
Range.
28.1
17-49
Meander Length it,
Mod.
Range.
322
16-73
Mod.
Range.
46.8
30-64
Belt Want(Wair)
Mod.
Range.
144
44155.0
Mod.
Range.
184
116-25.7
Radius of Curvature
Med.
Range.
10.1
43949.0
Mod.
Range.
129
]3-215
Sinuosity (Sin)
1
1 20
11.n
Pattern Ratios
Pool to Pool Spaang/
Mod.
3.0
Med.
4.0
Bankfull Watt it,IMe„r)
Range.
1.8-03
Range.
25-]0
Meander Length/
Mod.
49
Med.
6.7
Bankfull Want(lWVekr)
Range.
24-11.1
Range.
43-02
Meander Wdth Ratio
Mod.
22
Med.
2.7
(Weair/We„r)
Range.
17-30
Range.
1]-3]
Radius of Curvature/
Med.
15
Med.
19
Bankfull Width (RdVV'tikr)
Range.
0.642
Range.
1.1-31
Profile Variables
Average Water Surface Slope (Fv,)
0.0133
0.0062
Valley Slope(S,,,)
0.0160
0.00]3
Riffle Slope ($i,a)
Mean
0.0138
Mean
0.0020
Range.
0.0019-00305
Range.
0.00034
Pool Slope(Eo_)
Mean
0.0145
Mean
0.0008
Range.
0-0.0472
Range.
0-00046
Run Slope (5,,,,)
Mean
0.0102
Mean
0.0028
Range.
0-0.0402
Range.
0_00685
Glide Slope (Sims)
Mean
0.0063
Mean
0.0016
Range.
0-0.0246
Range.
000125
Profile Ratios
Riffle Slope/Water Sun -Mean
1.0
Mean
032
Slope (S,-/S-)
Range.
0.1-23
Range.
0.054
Pool SlopeMater Surface
Mean
1.1
Mean
0.12
Sl ope(Spooi/S-)
Range.
0-35
Range.
2-0]3
Run Sl opeWVater Surtace
Mean
0.8
Mean
045
Slope is „/S-)
Range.
0-3.0
Range.
0-11.0
Glide SlopeMater Surtace
Mean
05
Mean
025
Slope(Sgim,eS-)
Range.
0-19
Range,.
0.20
Existing(UT 5)
Prop osetl(UT
5)
Pattern
Variables
No distinct repetitive patter of raffles
and pools
Mod
Range.
19.8
264
to
39 5
Med 39 5
Range. 329 to
52 ]
Med. 19.8
Range. 132 to
264
Med 19 8
Range. 132 to
329
101
110
Pattern Ratios
Mod
40
Range.
3.0
to
6.0
Med
60
No distinct repetitive patter of riffles
Range.
5.0
to
8.0
and pools
Med.
3.0
Range.
2.0
to
4.0
Med
30
Range.
2.0
to
5.0

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NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the "Notes/Sketch" section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Crane Site - UT1
3. Applicant/owner name: Restoration Systems
5. County: Lee
2. Date of evaluation: August 8, 2018
4. Assessor name/organization: G. Lewis/Axiom Env.
6. Nearest named water body
7. River basin: Cape Fear on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Crane Creek
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach): 35.366392,-79.222888
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): UT-1 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 400
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 3.5 ❑Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): 5 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? ❑Yes ®No
14. Feature type: ®Perennial flow ❑Intermittent flow ❑Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: ❑ Mountains (M) ❑ Piedmont (P) ® Inner Coastal Plain (1) ❑ Outer Coastal Plain (0)
16. Estimated geomorphic NAB J El
valley shape (skip for
Tidal Marsh Stream): (more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip ®Size 1 (< 0.1 mi2) ❑Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mil) ❑Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 mil) ❑Size 4 (>_ 5 mil)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑Section 10 water ❑Classified Trout Waters ®Water Supply Watershed (❑l ❑II ®III ❑IV ❑V)
❑Essential Fish Habitat ❑Primary Nursery Area ❑ High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
❑Publicly owned property ❑NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect ❑Nutrient Sensitive Waters
❑Anadromous fish ❑303(d) List ❑CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
❑Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
❑Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in "Notes/Sketch" section or attached? ❑Yes ®No
1. Channel Water - assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
®A Water throughout assessment reach.
❑B No flow, water in pools only.
❑C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction - assessment reach metric
❑A At least 10% of assessment reach in -stream habitat or riffle -pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates, debris jams,
beaver dams).
®B Not
3. Feature Pattern - assessment reach metric
®A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
❑B Not
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile - assessment reach metric
®A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
❑B Not
5. Signs of Active Instability - assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down -cutting (head -cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
❑A < 10% of channel unstable
❑B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
®C > 25% of channel unstable

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the "Notes/Sketch" section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Crane Site - UT1 upstream 2. Date of evaluation: August 8, 2018
3. Applicant/owner name: Restoration Systems 4. Assessor name/organization: G. Lewis/Axiom Env.
5. County: Lee 6. Nearest named water body
7. River basin: Cape Fear on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Crane Creek
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach): 35.368175,-79.222984
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): UT-1 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 500
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 0.5 ❑Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): 3.5 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? ❑Yes ®No
14. Feature type: ®Perennial flow ❑Intermittent flow ❑Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: ❑ Mountains (M) ❑ Piedmont (P) ® Inner Coastal Plain (1) ❑ Outer Coastal Plain (0)
16. Estimated geomorphic NAB J El
valley shape (skip for
Tidal Marsh Stream): (more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip ®Size 1 (< 0.1 mi2) ❑Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mil) ❑Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 mil) ❑Size 4 (>_ 5 mil)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑Section 10 water ❑Classified Trout Waters ®Water Supply Watershed (❑l ❑II ®III ❑IV ❑V)
❑Essential Fish Habitat ❑Primary Nursery Area ❑ High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
❑Publicly owned property ❑NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect ❑Nutrient Sensitive Waters
❑Anadromous fish ❑303(d) List ❑CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
❑Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
❑Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in "Notes/Sketch" section or attached? ❑Yes ®No
1. Channel Water - assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
®A Water throughout assessment reach.
❑B No flow, water in pools only.
❑C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction - assessment reach metric
❑A At least 10% of assessment reach in -stream habitat or riffle -pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates, debris jams,
beaver dams).
®B Not
3. Feature Pattern - assessment reach metric
❑A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
®B Not
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile - assessment reach metric
❑A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
®B Not
5. Signs of Active Instability - assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down -cutting (head -cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
®A < 10% of channel unstable
❑B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
❑C > 25% of channel unstable

Streamside Area Interaction — streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
®A ®A Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
❑B ❑B Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access, disruption of flood flows through streamside area, leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
❑C ❑C Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads, retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
Water Quality Stressors — assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
❑A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
❑B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
❑D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
❑E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in "Notes/Sketch"
section.
®F Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
❑G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
❑H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
❑I Other: (explain in "Notes/Sketch" section)
❑J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather — watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
❑A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
®C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream — assessment reach metric
❑Yes ®No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In -stream Habitat Types — assessment reach metric
10a. ❑Yes ®No Degraded in -stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in -stream hardening [for example, rip -rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
❑A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses F, W ❑F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats) 2 E ❑G Submerged aquatic vegetation
❑B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent o w ❑H Low -tide refugia (pools)
vegetation Y U)C ❑I Sand bottom
❑C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees) r ❑J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
❑D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots ❑K Little or no habitat
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
®E Little or no habitat
***************************** 'REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate —assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11a. ❑Yes ❑No Is assessment reach in a natural sand -bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
❑A Riffle -run section (evaluate 11c)
❑B Pool -glide section (evaluate 11d)
®C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11 c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach — whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) _ > 10-40%, Abundant (A) _ > 40-70%, Predominant (P) _ > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Bedrock/saprolite
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Boulder (256 — 4096 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Cobble (64 — 256 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Gravel (2 — 64 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Sand (.062 — 2 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Detritus
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Artificial (rip -rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. ❑Yes ❑No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

12. Aquatic Life — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. ®Yes ❑No Was an in -stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. ❑No Water ❑Other:
12b. ®Yes ❑No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to "individuals" for Size 1 and 2 streams and "taxa" for Size 3 and 4 streams.
❑ ❑Adult frogs
❑ ❑Aquatic reptiles
❑ ❑Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
® ❑Beetles
❑ ❑Caddisfly larvae (T)
❑ ❑Asian clam (Corbicula)
❑ ®Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
® ❑Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
❑ ❑Dipterans
❑ ❑Mayfly larvae (E)
❑ ❑Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
❑ ❑Midges/mosquito larvae
❑ ❑Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
❑ ❑Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
❑ ❑Other fish
❑ ❑Salamanders/tadpoles
❑ ❑Snails
❑ ❑Stonefly larvae (P)
❑ ❑Tipulid larvae
❑ ❑Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
®A ®A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑B ❑B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑C ❑C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage — streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
®A ®A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water >_ 6 inches deep
❑B ❑B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑C ❑C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
®Y ®Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
❑N ❑N
16. Baseflow Contributors — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
®A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
❑B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
❑C Obstruction passing flow during low -flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
®D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
®E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
❑F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors — assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
❑A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
❑B Obstruction not passing flow during low -flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
❑C Urban stream (>_ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
❑D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
❑E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
®F None of the above
18. Shading — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider "leaf -on" condition.
❑A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
®B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
❑C Stream shading is gone or largely absent

19. Buffer Width — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider "vegetated buffer" and "wooded buffer" separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB
RB
®A ®A ❑A
❑A >_ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
❑B ❑B ❑B
❑B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
❑C ❑C ❑C
❑C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
❑D ❑D ®D
®D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
❑E ❑E ❑E
❑E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Vegetated" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Mature forest
®B ®B
Non -mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
❑C ❑C
Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
❑D ❑D
Maintained shrubs
❑E ❑E
Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22: ❑
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A Row crops
❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B Maintained turf
❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D ®D ❑D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Wooded" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A Medium to high stem density
®B ®B Low stem density
❑C ❑C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
®A ®A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
❑B ❑B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
❑C ❑C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
®B ®B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
❑C ❑C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non -characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity— assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. ❑Yes ®No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. ❑No Water ®Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
❑A < 46 ❑B 46 to < 67 ❑C 67 to < 79 ❑D 79 to < 230 ❑E >_ 230
Notes/Sketch

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Crane Site - UT1 Date of Assessment August 8, 2018
Stream Category la1 Assessor Name/Organization G. Lewis/Axiom Env.
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
YES
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
Function Class Rating Summary
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology
HIGH
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
(2) Flood Flow
HIGH
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation
HIGH
(4) Floodplain Access
HIGH
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer
LOW
(4) Microtopography
HIGH
(3) Stream Stability
HIGH
(4) Channel Stability
HIGH
(4) Sediment Transport
LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology
HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction
NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow
NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
(1) Water Quality
MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation
HIGH
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration
HIGH
(3) Thermoregulation
MEDIUM
(2) Indicators of Stressors
YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance
MEDIUM
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration
NA
(1) Habitat
LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat
LOW
(3) Baseflow
HIGH
(3) Substrate
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
HIGH
(3) In -stream Habitat
LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat
MEDIUM
(3) Stream -side Habitat
MEDIUM
(3) Thermoregulation
MEDIUM
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
(3) Flow Restriction
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone
NA
Overall
MEDIUM

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
USACE AID #: NCDWR #:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map, and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the "Notes/Sketch" section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA (do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name (if any): Crane Site - UT2
3. Applicant/owner name: Restoration Systems
5. County: Lee
2. Date of evaluation: August 8, 2018
4. Assessor name/organization: G. Lewis/Axiom Env.
6. Nearest named water body
7. River basin: Cape Fear on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Crane Creek
8. Site coordinates (decimal degrees, at lower end of assessment reach): 35.364002,-79.223224
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number (show on attached map): UT-2 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 400
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present) to top of bank (feet): 2 ❑Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank (feet): 4 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? ❑Yes ®No
14. Feature type: ®Perennial flow ❑Intermittent flow ❑Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: ❑ Mountains (M) ❑ Piedmont (P) ® Inner Coastal Plain (1) ❑ Outer Coastal Plain (0)
16. Estimated geomorphic NAB J El
valley shape (skip for
Tidal Marsh Stream): (more sinuous stream, flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream, steeper valley slope)
17. Watershed size: (skip ®Size 1 (< 0.1 mi2) ❑Size 2 (0.1 to < 0.5 mil) ❑Size 3 (0.5 to < 5 mil) ❑Size 4 (>_ 5 mil)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18. Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑Section 10 water ❑Classified Trout Waters ®Water Supply Watershed (❑l ❑II ®III ❑IV ❑V)
❑Essential Fish Habitat ❑Primary Nursery Area ❑ High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
❑Publicly owned property ❑NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect ❑Nutrient Sensitive Waters
❑Anadromous fish ❑303(d) List ❑CAMA Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)
❑Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
❑Designated Critical Habitat (list species)
19. Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in "Notes/Sketch" section or attached? ❑Yes ®No
1. Channel Water - assessment reach metric (skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
®A Water throughout assessment reach.
❑B No flow, water in pools only.
❑C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction - assessment reach metric
❑A At least 10% of assessment reach in -stream habitat or riffle -pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts, causeways that constrict the channel, tidal gates, debris jams,
beaver dams).
®B Not
3. Feature Pattern - assessment reach metric
❑A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples: straightening, modification above or below culvert).
®B Not
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile - assessment reach metric
®A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile (examples: channel down -cutting, existing damming, over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
❑B Not
5. Signs of Active Instability - assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down -cutting (head -cut), active widening, and artificial hardening (such as concrete, gabion, rip -rap).
❑A < 10% of channel unstable
❑B 10 to 25% of channel unstable
®C > 25% of channel unstable

Streamside Area Interaction — streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
❑A ❑A Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
❑B ❑B Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access, disruption of flood flows through streamside area, leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
®C ®C Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads, retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
Water Quality Stressors — assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
❑A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
❑B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
❑D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
❑E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in "Notes/Sketch"
section.
®F Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
❑G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
❑H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
❑I Other: (explain in "Notes/Sketch" section)
❑J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather — watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
❑A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
®C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream — assessment reach metric
❑Yes ®No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In -stream Habitat Types — assessment reach metric
10a. ®Yes ❑No Degraded in -stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in -stream hardening [for example, rip -rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
❑A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses F, W ❑F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats) 2 E ❑G Submerged aquatic vegetation
❑B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent o w ❑H Low -tide refugia (pools)
vegetation Y U)C ❑I Sand bottom
❑C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees) r ❑J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
❑D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots ❑K Little or no habitat
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
®E Little or no habitat
***************************** 'REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate —assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11a. ❑Yes ❑No Is assessment reach in a natural sand -bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
❑A Riffle -run section (evaluate 11c)
❑B Pool -glide section (evaluate 11d)
®C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11 c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach — whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) _ > 10-40%, Abundant (A) _ > 40-70%, Predominant (P) _ > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Bedrock/saprolite
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Boulder (256 — 4096 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Cobble (64 — 256 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Gravel (2 — 64 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Sand (.062 — 2 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Detritus
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Artificial (rip -rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. ❑Yes ❑No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

12. Aquatic Life — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. ®Yes ❑No Was an in -stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. ❑No Water ❑Other:
12b. ®Yes ❑No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to "individuals" for Size 1 and 2 streams and "taxa" for Size 3 and 4 streams.
❑ ❑Adult frogs
❑ ❑Aquatic reptiles
❑ ❑Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
❑ ®Beetles
❑ ❑Caddisfly larvae (T)
❑ ❑Asian clam (Corbicula)
❑ ❑Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
❑ ❑Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
❑ ❑Dipterans
® ❑Mayfly larvae (E)
❑ ❑Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
❑ ❑Midges/mosquito larvae
❑ ❑Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
❑ ❑Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
❑ ❑Other fish
❑ ❑Salamanders/tadpoles
❑ ❑Snails
❑ ❑Stonefly larvae (P)
❑ ❑Tipulid larvae
❑ ❑Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑B ❑B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
®C ®C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage — streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water >_ 6 inches deep
®B ®B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑C ❑C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
®Y ®Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
❑N ❑N
16. Baseflow Contributors — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
®A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
❑B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
❑C Obstruction passing flow during low -flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
®D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
®E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
❑F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors — assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
❑A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
❑B Obstruction not passing flow during low -flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
❑C Urban stream (>_ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
❑D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
❑E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
®F None of the above
18. Shading — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider "leaf -on" condition.
❑A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
❑B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
®C Stream shading is gone or largely absent

19. Buffer Width — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider "vegetated buffer" and "wooded buffer" separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB
RB
®A ®A ❑A
❑A >_ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
❑B ❑B ❑B
❑B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
❑C ❑C ❑C
❑C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
❑D ❑D ❑D
❑D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
❑E ❑E ®E
®E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Vegetated" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Mature forest
❑B ❑B
Non -mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
®C ®C
Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
❑D ❑D
Maintained shrubs
❑E ❑E
Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22: ❑
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A Row crops
❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B Maintained turf
❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
®D ®D ®D ®D ®D ®D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Wooded" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A Medium to high stem density
❑B ❑B Low stem density
®C ®C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
®A ®A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
❑B ❑B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
❑C ❑C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
❑B ❑B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
®C ®C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non -characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity— assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. ❑Yes ®No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. ❑No Water ®Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
❑A < 46 ❑B 46 to < 67 ❑C 67 to < 79 ❑D 79 to < 230 ❑E >_ 230
Notes/Sketch

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Crane Site - UT2 Date of Assessment
August 8, 2018
Stream Category la1 Assessor Name/Organization
G. Lewis/Axiom Env.
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
YES
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
Function Class Rating Summary All
Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology
LOW
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
(2) Flood Flow
LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation
LOW
(4) Floodplain Access
LOW
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer
LOW
(4) Microtopography
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
LOW
(4) Channel Stability
LOW
(4) Sediment Transport
LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology
MEDIUM
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction
NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow
NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
(1) Water Quality
LOW
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation
LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
LOW
(2) Indicators of Stressors
YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance
MEDIUM
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration
NA
(1) Habitat
LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat
LOW
(3) Baseflow
HIGH
(3) Substrate
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
LOW
(3) In -stream Habitat
LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
(3) Flow Restriction
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone
NA
Overall
LOW

Streamside Area Interaction — streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB).
LB RB
❑A ❑A Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
❑B ❑B Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down -cutting, aggradation, dredging) that adversely affect
reference interaction (examples: limited streamside area access, disruption of flood flows through streamside area, leaky
or intermittent bulkheads, causeways with floodplain constriction, minor ditching [including mosquito ditching])
®C ®C Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction, bulkheads, retaining walls, fill, stream incision, disruption
of flood flows through streamside area] or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access [examples: impoundments, intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
Water Quality Stressors — assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
❑A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone (milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration, oil sheen, stream foam)
❑B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
❑D Odor (not including natural sulfide odors)
❑E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in "Notes/Sketch"
section.
®F Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
❑G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
❑H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone (removal, burning, regular mowing, destruction, etc)
❑I Other: (explain in "Notes/Sketch" section)
❑J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather — watershed metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought; for Size 3 or 4 streams, D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
❑A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
®C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream — assessment reach metric
❑Yes ®No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes, skip to Metric 13 (Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In -stream Habitat Types — assessment reach metric
10a. ®Yes ❑No Degraded in -stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in -stream hardening [for example, rip -rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only, then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur (occurs if > 5% coverage of assessment reach) (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
❑A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses F, W ❑F 5% oysters or other natural hard bottoms
(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats) 2 E ❑G Submerged aquatic vegetation
❑B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent o w ❑H Low -tide refugia (pools)
vegetation Y U)C ❑I Sand bottom
❑C Multiple snags and logs (including lap trees) r ❑J 5% vertical bank along the marsh
❑D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots ❑K Little or no habitat
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
®E Little or no habitat
***************************** 'REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate —assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11a. ❑Yes ❑No Is assessment reach in a natural sand -bed stream? (skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
❑A Riffle -run section (evaluate 11c)
❑B Pool -glide section (evaluate 11d)
®C Natural bedform absent (skip to Metric 12, Aquatic Life)
11 c. In riffle sections, check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach — whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present (NP) = absent, Rare
(R) = present but < 10%, Common (C) _ > 10-40%, Abundant (A) _ > 40-70%, Predominant (P) _ > 70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100% for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Bedrock/saprolite
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Boulder (256 — 4096 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Cobble (64 — 256 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Gravel (2 — 64 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Sand (.062 — 2 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Silt/clay (< 0.062 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Detritus
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Artificial (rip -rap, concrete, etc.)
11d. ❑Yes ❑No Are pools filled with sediment? (skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

12. Aquatic Life — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. ®Yes ❑No Was an in -stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No, select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. ❑No Water ❑Other:
12b. ®Yes ❑No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No, skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to "individuals" for Size 1 and 2 streams and "taxa" for Size 3 and 4 streams.
❑ ❑Adult frogs
❑ ❑Aquatic reptiles
❑ ❑Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses (include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
® ❑Beetles
❑ ❑Caddisfly larvae (T)
❑ ❑Asian clam (Corbicula)
❑ ®Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
❑ ❑Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
❑ ❑Dipterans
❑ ❑Mayfly larvae (E)
❑ ❑Megaloptera (alderfly, fishfly, dobsonfly larvae)
❑ ❑Midges/mosquito larvae
❑ ❑Mosquito fish (Gambusia) or mud minnows (Umbra pygmaea)
❑ ❑Mussels/Clams (not Corbicula)
❑ ❑Other fish
❑ ❑Salamanders/tadpoles
❑ ❑Snails
❑ ❑Stonefly larvae (P)
❑ ❑Tipulid larvae
❑ ❑Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑B ❑B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
®C ®C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area (examples: ditches, fill, soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees, drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage — streamside area metric (skip for Size 1 streams, Tidal Marsh Streams, and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB) of the streamside area.
LB RB
❑A ®A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water >_ 6 inches deep
®B ❑B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑C ❑C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank (LB) and the Right Bank (RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
®Y ®Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
❑N ❑N
16. Baseflow Contributors — assessment reach metric (skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
®A Streams and/or springs (jurisdictional discharges)
®B Ponds (include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
❑C Obstruction passing flow during low -flow periods within the assessment area (beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom -release dam, weir)
®D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
®E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
❑F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors — assessment area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
❑A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
❑B Obstruction not passing flow during low -flow periods affecting the assessment reach (ex: watertight dam, sediment deposit)
❑C Urban stream (>_ 24% impervious surface for watershed)
❑D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
❑E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
®F None of the above
18. Shading — assessment reach metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider "leaf -on" condition.
❑A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category (may include gaps associated with natural processes)
❑B Degraded (example: scattered trees)
®C Stream shading is gone or largely absent

19. Buffer Width — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider "vegetated buffer" and "wooded buffer" separately for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB
RB
®A ®A ❑A
❑A >_ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
❑B ❑B ❑B
❑B From 50 to < 100 feet wide
❑C ❑C ❑C
❑C From 30 to < 50 feet wide
❑D ❑D ❑D
❑D From 10 to < 30 feet wide
❑E ❑E ®E
®E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Vegetated" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A
Mature forest
❑B ❑B
Non -mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
®C ®C
Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees < 10 feet wide
❑D ❑D
Maintained shrubs
❑E ❑E
Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts), does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream (< 30 feet), or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream (30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank, check here and skip to Metric 22: ❑
Abuts < 30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A Row crops
❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B Maintained turf
❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C Pasture (no livestock)/commercial horticulture
®D ®D ®D ®D ®D ®D Pasture (active livestock use)
22. Stem Density — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank (LB) and right bank (RB) for Metric 19 ("Wooded" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A Medium to high stem density
❑B ❑B Low stem density
®C ®C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream (parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
®A ®A The total length of buffer breaks is < 25 percent.
❑B ❑B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
❑C ❑C The total length of buffer breaks is > 50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition — streamside area metric (skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first) as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
❑B ❑B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear -cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
®C ®C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non -characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity— assessment reach metric (skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. ❑Yes ®No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No, select one of the following reasons. ❑No Water ®Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement (units of microsiemens per centimeter).
❑A < 46 ❑B 46 to < 67 ❑C 67 to < 79 ❑D 79 to < 230 ❑E >_ 230
Notes/Sketch

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Crane Site - UT1 Date of Assessment
August 8, 2018
Stream Category la1 Assessor Name/Organization
G. Lewis/Axiom Env.
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
YES
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NO
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
Function Class Rating Summary All
Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology
LOW
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
(2) Flood Flow
LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation
LOW
(4) Floodplain Access
LOW
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer
LOW
(4) Microtopography
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
LOW
(4) Channel Stability
LOW
(4) Sediment Transport
LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology
LOW
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction
NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow
NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
(1) Water Quality
LOW
(2) Baseflow
HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation
LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
LOW
(2) Indicators of Stressors
YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance
MEDIUM
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration
NA
(1) Habitat
LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat
LOW
(3) Baseflow
HIGH
(3) Substrate
LOW
(3) Stream Stability
LOW
(3) In -stream Habitat
LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat
LOW
(3) Thermoregulation
LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
(3) Flow Restriction
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability
NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology
NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat
NA
(2) Intertidal Zone
NA
Overall
LOW

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies user ivianuai version om
USACE AID #
NCDWR#
Project Name
Crane Mitigation Site
Date of Evaluation
December 17, 2020
Applicant/Owner Name
Restoration Systems
Wetland Site Name
Crane #1
Wetland Type
Headwater Forest
Assessor Name/Organization
Jernigan/Axiom
Level III Ecoregion
Southeastern Plains
Nearest Named Water Body
Crane Creek
River Basin
Cape Fear
USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit
03030004
County
Lee
NCDWR Region
Raleigh
F1 Yes M No
Precipitation within 48 hrs?
Latitude/Lonaitude (deci-dearees)
35.367468.-79.223893
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area (may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past (for instance, within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications (examples: ditches, dams, beaver dams, dikes, berms, ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub -surface discharges into the wetland (examples: discharges containing obvious pollutants, presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks (USTs), hog lagoons, etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress (examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage, disease, storm damage, salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration (examples: mowing, clear -cutting, exotics, etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ® Yes ❑ No
Regulatory Considerations - Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
® NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area (PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) (including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW, ORW, or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any? (check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal, check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
1. Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition —assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface (GS) in the assessment area and vegetation structure (VS) in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable (see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable, then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
❑A ❑A Not severely altered
®B ®B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area (ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks, excessive
sedimentation, fire -plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance, herbicides, salt intrusion [where appropriate], exotic species, grazing, less
diversity [if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
Surface and Sub -Surface Storage Capacity and Duration — assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration (Surf) and sub -surface storage capacity and duration (Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <_ 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only, while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub -surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime, if applicable.
Surf Sub
❑A ❑A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
❑B ❑B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially (typically, not sufficient to change vegetation).
®C ®C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples: draining, flooding, soil compaction, filling, excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
Water Storage/Surface Relief — assessment area/wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water > 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
®C ®C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑D ❑D Depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
❑B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
®C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
®B Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features (concentrations, depletions, or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ®A Soil ribbon < 1 inch
❑B Soil ribbon >_ 1 inch
4c. ®A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
Discharge into Wetland — opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges (Surf) and sub -surface pollutants or discharges (Sub). Examples
of sub -surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank, underground storage tank (UST), etc.
Surf Sub
❑A ®A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
®B ❑B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges (pathogen, particulate, or soluble) entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation, excessive
sedimentation, odor)
Land Use — opportunity metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply (at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS), within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10% impervious surfaces
❑B ❑B ❑B Confined animal operations (or other local, concentrated source of pollutants
®C ®C ®C >_ 20% coverage of pasture
❑D ❑D ❑D >_ 20% coverage of agricultural land (regularly plowed land)
❑E ❑E ❑E >_ 20% coverage of maintained grass/herb
®F ❑F ❑F >_ 20% coverage of clear-cut land
❑G ❑G ❑G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer —assessment area/wetland complex condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 7b. If No, skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
❑A >_ 50 feet
®B From 30 to < 50 feet
❑C From 15 to < 30 feet
❑D From 5 to < 15 feet
❑E < 5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed, combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
®<_ 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water (no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
®Yes ❑No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
®Sheltered — adjacent open water with width < 2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed — adjacent open water with width >_ 2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric (evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area (WT) and
the wetland complex at the assessment area (WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
®B ®B From 80 to < 100 feet
❑C ❑C From 50 to < 80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to < 50 feet
❑E ❑E From 30 to < 40 feet
❑F ❑F From 15 to < 30 feet
❑G ❑G From 5 to < 15 feet
❑H ❑H < 5 feet

9. Inundation Duration — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
❑A Evidence of short -duration inundation (< 7 consecutive days)
®B Evidence of saturation, without evidence of inundation
❑C Evidence of long -duration inundation or very long -duration inundation (7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only (no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut, select "K" for the FW column.
WT WC FW (if applicable)
❑A ❑A ❑A >_ 500 acres
❑B ❑B ❑B From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C ❑C ❑C From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D ❑D ❑D From 25 to < 50 acres
❑E ❑E ❑E From 10 to < 25 acres
❑F ❑F ❑F From 5 to < 10 acres
❑G ❑G ❑G From 1 to < 5 acres
❑H ❑H ❑H From 0.5 to < 1 acre
❑I ❑I ❑I From 0.1 to < 0.5 acre
❑J ❑J ❑J From 0.01 to < 0.1 acre
®K ®K ®K < 0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness — wetland type condition metric (evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent (>_ 90%) of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is < 90% of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas — landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely) to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water (if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four -lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four -lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water > 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
From 10 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
< 10 acres
®F
®F
Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
❑Yes ❑No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non -forested areas >_ 40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear -cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option "C."
❑A 0
❑B 1 to 4
®C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species, with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
❑B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata.
®C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non -
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for Non -tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species (< 10% cover of exotics).
❑B Vegetation diversity is low or has > 10% to 50% cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species (> 50 % cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure — assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 17b. If No, skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non -marsh wetlands.
❑A >_ 25% coverage of vegetation
❑B < 25% coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non -marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT) separately.
AA WT
o ❑A ❑A Canopy closed, or nearly closed, with natural gaps associated with natural processes
m ❑B ❑B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
CU ®C ®C Canopy sparse or absent
❑A
❑A
Dense mid-story/sapling layer
❑B
❑B
Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
®C
®C
Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
❑A
❑A
Dense shrub layer
Moderate density layer
1E ❑B
❑B
shrub
U) ®C
®C
Shrub layer sparse or absent
-0 ®A
®A
Dense herb layer
_ ❑B
❑B
Moderate density herb layer
❑C
❑C
Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags —wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches DBH, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
19. Diameter Class Distribution —wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems > 6 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH); many large trees (> 12 inches DBH) are
present.
❑B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH, few are > 12 inch DBH.
®C Majority of canopy trees are < 6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man -placed natural debris.
❑A Large logs (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches in diameter, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion — wetland type/open water condition metric (evaluate for Non -Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas, while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ❑D
22. Hydrologic Connectivity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching, fill, sedimentation, channelization, diversion,
man-made berms, beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C, or D.
❑A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
®B Overbankflow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Crane #1
Wetland Type Headwater Forest
December 17,
Date of Assessment 2020
Assessor Name/Organization Jernigan/Axiom
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N) NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) YES
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N) YES
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N) YES
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N) NO
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N) NO
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N) NO
Sub -function Ratina Summa
Function Sub -function Metrics Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention Condition LOW
Sub -surface Storage and
Retention Condition LOW
Water Quality Pathogen Change
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Particulate Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Soluble Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Physical Change
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Pollution Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Habitat Physical Structure
Condition
LOW
Landscape Patch Structure
Condition
LOW
Vegetation Composition
Condition
LOW
Function Ratina Summa
Function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology
Condition
LOW
Water Quality
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NO
Habitat
Condition
LOW
Overall Wetland Rating LOW

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies user ivianuai version om
USACE AID #
NCDWR#
Project Name
Crane Mitigation Site
Date of Evaluation
December 17, 2020
Applicant/Owner Name
Restoration Systems
Wetland Site Name
Crane #2
Wetland Type
Headwater Forest
Assessor Name/Organization
Jernigan/Axiom
Level III Ecoregion
Southeastern Plains
Nearest Named Water Body
Crane Creek
River Basin
Cape Fear
USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit
03030004
County
Lee
NCDWR Region
Raleigh
F1 Yes M No
Precipitation within 48 hrs?
Latitude/Lonaitude (deci-dearees)
35.364544.-79.224269
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area (may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past (for instance, within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications (examples: ditches, dams, beaver dams, dikes, berms, ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub -surface discharges into the wetland (examples: discharges containing obvious pollutants, presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks (USTs), hog lagoons, etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress (examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage, disease, storm damage, salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration (examples: mowing, clear -cutting, exotics, etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ® Yes ❑ No
Regulatory Considerations - Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
® NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area (PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) (including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW, ORW, or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any? (check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal, check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ® Yes ❑ No
1. Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition —assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface (GS) in the assessment area and vegetation structure (VS) in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable (see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable, then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
®A ❑A Not severely altered
❑B ®B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area (ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks, excessive
sedimentation, fire -plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance, herbicides, salt intrusion [where appropriate], exotic species, grazing, less
diversity [if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
Surface and Sub -Surface Storage Capacity and Duration — assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration (Surf) and sub -surface storage capacity and duration (Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <_ 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only, while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub -surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime, if applicable.
Surf Sub
❑A ®A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
®B ❑B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially (typically, not sufficient to change vegetation).
❑C ❑C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples: draining, flooding, soil compaction, filling, excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
Water Storage/Surface Relief — assessment area/wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water > 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
®C ®C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑D ❑D Depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
❑B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
®C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
®B Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features (concentrations, depletions, or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ®A Soil ribbon < 1 inch
❑B Soil ribbon >_ 1 inch
4c. ®A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
Discharge into Wetland — opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges (Surf) and sub -surface pollutants or discharges (Sub). Examples
of sub -surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank, underground storage tank (UST), etc.
Surf Sub
❑A ®A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
®B ❑B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges (pathogen, particulate, or soluble) entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation, excessive
sedimentation, odor)
Land Use — opportunity metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply (at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS), within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10% impervious surfaces
❑B ❑B ❑B Confined animal operations (or other local, concentrated source of pollutants
®C ®C ®C >_ 20% coverage of pasture
❑D ❑D ❑D >_ 20% coverage of agricultural land (regularly plowed land)
❑E ❑E ❑E >_ 20% coverage of maintained grass/herb
®F ❑F ❑F >_ 20% coverage of clear-cut land
❑G ❑G ❑G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer —assessment area/wetland complex condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 7b. If No, skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
®A >_ 50 feet
❑B From 30 to < 50 feet
❑C From 15 to < 30 feet
❑D From 5 to < 15 feet
❑E < 5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed, combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
®<_ 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water (no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
®Yes ❑No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
®Sheltered — adjacent open water with width < 2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed — adjacent open water with width >_ 2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric (evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area (WT) and
the wetland complex at the assessment area (WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
❑B ❑B From 80 to < 100 feet
®C ®C From 50 to < 80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to < 50 feet
❑E ❑E From 30 to < 40 feet
❑F ❑F From 15 to < 30 feet
❑G ❑G From 5 to < 15 feet
❑H ❑H < 5 feet

9. Inundation Duration — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
®A Evidence of short -duration inundation (< 7 consecutive days)
❑B Evidence of saturation, without evidence of inundation
❑C Evidence of long -duration inundation or very long -duration inundation (7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only (no plant growth since deposition).
❑A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
®B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut, select "K" for the FW column.
WT WC FW (if applicable)
❑A ❑A ❑A >_ 500 acres
❑B ❑B ❑B From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C ❑C ❑C From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D ❑D ❑D From 25 to < 50 acres
❑E ❑E ❑E From 10 to < 25 acres
❑F ❑F ❑F From 5 to < 10 acres
❑G ❑G ❑G From 1 to < 5 acres
®H ®H ®H From 0.5 to < 1 acre
❑I ❑I ❑I From 0.1 to < 0.5 acre
❑J ❑J ❑J From 0.01 to < 0.1 acre
❑K ❑K ❑K < 0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness — wetland type condition metric (evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent (>_ 90%) of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is < 90% of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas — landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely) to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water (if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four -lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four -lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water > 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
®D
❑D
From 10 to < 50 acres
❑E
❑E
< 10 acres
❑F
❑F
Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
❑Yes ❑No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non -forested areas >_ 40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear -cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option "C."
❑A 0
®B 1 to 4
❑C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species, with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
❑B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata.
®C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non -
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for Non -tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species (< 10% cover of exotics).
❑B Vegetation diversity is low or has > 10% to 50% cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species (> 50 % cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure — assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 17b. If No, skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non -marsh wetlands.
❑A >_ 25% coverage of vegetation
❑B < 25% coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non -marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT) separately.
AA WT
o ®A ®A Canopy closed, or nearly closed, with natural gaps associated with natural processes
m ❑B ❑B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U ❑C ❑C Canopy sparse or absent
®A
®A
Dense mid-story/sapling layer
❑B
❑B
Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
❑C
❑C
Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
❑A
❑A
Dense shrub layer
Moderate density layer
1E ❑B
❑B
shrub
U) ®C
®C
Shrub layer sparse or absent
-0 ❑A
❑A
Dense herb layer
_ ❑B
❑B
Moderate density herb layer
®C
®C
Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags —wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches DBH, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
19. Diameter Class Distribution —wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems > 6 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH); many large trees (> 12 inches DBH) are
present.
®B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH, few are > 12 inch DBH.
❑C Majority of canopy trees are < 6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man -placed natural debris.
®A Large logs (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches in diameter, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
❑B Not
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion — wetland type/open water condition metric (evaluate for Non -Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas, while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ❑D
22. Hydrologic Connectivity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching, fill, sedimentation, channelization, diversion,
man-made berms, beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C, or D.
®A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
❑B Overbankflow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Crane #2
Wetland Type Headwater Forest
December 17,
Date of Assessment 2020
Assessor Name/Organization Jernigan/Axiom
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N) NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) YES
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N) YES
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N) YES
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N) NO
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N) YES
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N) NO
Sub -function Ratina Summa
Function Sub -function Metrics Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention Condition HIGH
Sub -surface Storage and
Retention Condition HIGH
Water Quality Pathogen Change
Condition
HIGH
Condition/Opportunity
HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
YES
Particulate Change
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Soluble Change
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
YES
Physical Change
Condition
HIGH
Condition/Opportunity
HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
YES
Pollution Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Habitat Physical Structure
Condition
LOW
Landscape Patch Structure
Condition
LOW
Vegetation Composition
Condition
LOW
Function Ratina Summa
Function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology
Condition
HIGH
Water Quality
Condition
HIGH
Condition/Opportunity
HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
YES
Habitat
Condition
LOW
Overall Wetland Rating HIGH

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Accompanies user ivianuai version om
USACE AID #
NCDWR#
Project Name
Crane Mitigation Site
Date of Evaluation
December 17, 2020
Applicant/Owner Name
Restoration Systems
Wetland Site Name
Crane #3
Wetland Type
Headwater Forest
Assessor Name/Organization
Jernigan/Axiom
Level III Ecoregion
Southeastern Plains
Nearest Named Water Body
Crane Creek
River Basin
Cape Fear
USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit
03030004
County
Lee
NCDWR Region
Raleigh
F1 Yes M No
Precipitation within 48 hrs?
Latitude/Lonaitude (deci-dearees)
35.367422.-79.220482
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area (may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past (for instance, within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications (examples: ditches, dams, beaver dams, dikes, berms, ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub -surface discharges into the wetland (examples: discharges containing obvious pollutants, presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks (USTs), hog lagoons, etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress (examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage, disease, storm damage, salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration (examples: mowing, clear -cutting, exotics, etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ® Yes ❑ No
Regulatory Considerations - Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ❑No If Yes, check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
® NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area (PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) (including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW, ORW, or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any? (check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal, check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
1. Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition —assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface (GS) in the assessment area and vegetation structure (VS) in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable (see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable, then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
❑A ❑A Not severely altered
®B ®B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area (ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks, excessive
sedimentation, fire -plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance, herbicides, salt intrusion [where appropriate], exotic species, grazing, less
diversity [if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
Surface and Sub -Surface Storage Capacity and Duration — assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration (Surf) and sub -surface storage capacity and duration (Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <_ 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only, while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub -surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime, if applicable.
Surf Sub
❑A ®A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
❑B ❑B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially (typically, not sufficient to change vegetation).
®C ❑C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples: draining, flooding, soil compaction, filling, excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
Water Storage/Surface Relief — assessment area/wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water > 1 deep
®B ®B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
❑C ❑C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑D ❑D Depressions able to pond water < 3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
®B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
❑C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
®B Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features (concentrations, depletions, or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ®A Soil ribbon < 1 inch
❑B Soil ribbon >_ 1 inch
4c. ®A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
Discharge into Wetland — opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges (Surf) and sub -surface pollutants or discharges (Sub). Examples
of sub -surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank, underground storage tank (UST), etc.
Surf Sub
❑A ®A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
®B ❑B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges (pathogen, particulate, or soluble) entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation, excessive
sedimentation, odor)
Land Use — opportunity metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply (at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS), within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10% impervious surfaces
❑B ❑B ❑B Confined animal operations (or other local, concentrated source of pollutants
®C ®C ®C >_ 20% coverage of pasture
❑D ❑D ❑D >_ 20% coverage of agricultural land (regularly plowed land)
❑E ❑E ❑E >_ 20% coverage of maintained grass/herb
®F ❑F ❑F >_ 20% coverage of clear-cut land
❑G ❑G ❑G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer —assessment area/wetland complex condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
❑Yes ®No If Yes, continue to 7b. If No, skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
❑A >_ 50 feet
❑B From 30 to < 50 feet
❑C From 15 to < 30 feet
❑D From 5 to < 15 feet
❑E < 5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed, combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
❑<_ 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water (no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
❑Yes ❑No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
❑Sheltered — adjacent open water with width < 2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed — adjacent open water with width >_ 2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric (evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area (WT) and
the wetland complex at the assessment area (WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
®A ®A >_ 100 feet
❑B ❑B From 80 to < 100 feet
❑C ❑C From 50 to < 80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to < 50 feet
❑E ❑E From 30 to < 40 feet
❑F ❑F From 15 to < 30 feet
❑G ❑G From 5 to < 15 feet
❑H ❑H < 5 feet

9. Inundation Duration — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
❑A Evidence of short -duration inundation (< 7 consecutive days)
❑B Evidence of saturation, without evidence of inundation
®C Evidence of long -duration inundation or very long -duration inundation (7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition — assessment area condition metric (skip for non -riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only (no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size — wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut, select "K" for the FW column.
WT WC FW (if applicable)
❑A ❑A ❑A >_ 500 acres
❑B ❑B ❑B From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C ❑C ❑C From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D ❑D ❑D From 25 to < 50 acres
❑E ❑E ❑E From 10 to < 25 acres
❑F ❑F ❑F From 5 to < 10 acres
❑G ❑G ❑G From 1 to < 5 acres
❑H ❑H ❑H From 0.5 to < 1 acre
❑I ❑I ❑I From 0.1 to < 0.5 acre
❑J ❑J ❑J From 0.01 to < 0.1 acre
®K ®K ®K < 0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness — wetland type condition metric (evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent (>_ 90%) of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is < 90% of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas — landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely) to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water (if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four -lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four -lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water > 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A
❑A
>_ 500 acres
❑B
❑B
From 100 to < 500 acres
❑C
❑C
From 50 to < 100 acres
❑D
❑D
From 10 to < 50 acres
❑E
®E
< 10 acres
❑F
❑F
Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
❑Yes ❑No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non -forested areas >_ 40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear -cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option "C."
❑A 0
❑B 1 to 4
®C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition — assessment area condition metric (skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species, with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
❑B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata.
®C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non -
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for Non -tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species (< 10% cover of exotics).
❑B Vegetation diversity is low or has > 10% to 50% cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species (> 50 % cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure — assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes, continue to 17b. If No, skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non -marsh wetlands.
❑A >_ 25% coverage of vegetation
❑B < 25% coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non -marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA) and the wetland type (WT) separately.
AA WT
o ❑A ❑A Canopy closed, or nearly closed, with natural gaps associated with natural processes
m ❑B ❑B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
CU ®C ®C Canopy sparse or absent
❑A
❑A
Dense mid-story/sapling layer
❑B
❑B
Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
®C
®C
Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
❑A
❑A
Dense shrub layer
Moderate density layer
1E ®B
®B
shrub
U) ❑C
❑C
Shrub layer sparse or absent
-0 ®A
®A
Dense herb layer
_ ❑B
❑B
Moderate density herb layer
❑C
❑C
Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags —wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches DBH, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B Not
19. Diameter Class Distribution —wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems > 6 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH); many large trees (> 12 inches DBH) are
present.
❑B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH, few are > 12 inch DBH.
®C Majority of canopy trees are < 6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris — wetland type condition metric (skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man -placed natural debris.
®A Large logs (more than one) are visible (> 12 inches in diameter, or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
❑B Not
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion — wetland type/open water condition metric (evaluate for Non -Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas, while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ❑D
22. Hydrologic Connectivity — assessment area condition metric (evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching, fill, sedimentation, channelization, diversion,
man-made berms, beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C, or D.
®A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
❑B Overbankflow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Crane #3
Wetland Type Headwater Forest
December 17,
Date of Assessment 2020
Assessor Name/Organization Jernigan/Axiom
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N) NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) YES
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N) YES
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N) NO
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N) NO
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N) NO
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N) NO
Sub -function Ratina Summa
Function Sub -function Metrics Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention Condition LOW
Sub -surface Storage and
Retention Condition HIGH
Water Quality Pathogen Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
YES
Particulate Change
Condition
HIGH
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Soluble Change
Condition
MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity
HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
YES
Physical Change
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
YES
Pollution Change
Condition
NA
Condition/Opportunity
NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
NA
Habitat Physical Structure
Condition
LOW
Landscape Patch Structure
Condition
LOW
Vegetation Composition
Condition
LOW
Function Ratina Summa
Function
Metrics
Rating
Hydrology
Condition
MEDIUM
Water Quality
Condition
LOW
Condition/Opportunity
MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N)
YES
Habitat
Condition
LOW
Overall Wetland Rating LOW

Site
Crane Stream Mitigation Site
Stream
UT 1 (right bank)
Bank Length
2410
Observers
KJ
Date
8-Aug-18
Station
Bank
BEHI
NBS
Erosion Rate
Length
Bank Height
Erosion
1
625
right
Low
Low
0
625
1
0.0
2
1175
right
High
High
0.2
550
3
330.0
3
1220
right
Low
Low
0
45
1
0.0
4
1 1235
right
Mod
Mod
0.05
15
2
1.5
5
1320
right
High
High
0.2
85
3
51.0
6
1355
right
High
High
0.2
35
4
28.0
7
1400
right
High
High
0.2
45
3
27.0
8
1700
right
High
High
0.2
300
4
240.0
9
1790
right
High
High
0.2
90
2.5
45.0
10
1845
right
Mod
Mod
0.05
55
2.5
6.9
11
1925
right
Low
Low
0
80
1.5
0.0
12
2150
right
High
High
0.2
225
3
135.0
13
2190
right
Mod
Low
0.02
40
2
1.6
14
2410
right
Low
Low
0
220
1
0.0
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Sum erosion sub -totals for each BEHI/NBS
Total Erosion (ft3/yr)
866.0
Divide total erosion (ft3) by 27
Total Erosion (yd/yr)
32.1
Multiply Total erosion (yard3) by 1.3
Total Erosion (tons/yr)
41.7
Erosion per unit length
Total Erosion (Tons/yr/ft)
0.017

Site
Crane Stream Mitigation Site
Stream
UT 1 (left bank)
Bank Length
2410
Observers
KJ
Date
8-Aug-18
Station
Bank
BEHI
NBS
Erosion Rate
Length
Bank Height
Erosion
1
625
left
Low
Low
0
625
1
0.0
2
1175
left
High
High
0.2
550
3
330.0
3
1220
left
Low
Low
0
45
1
0.0
4
1 1235
left
I Mod
Mod
0.05
15
2
1.5
5
1320
left
High
High
0.2
85
3
51.0
6
1355
left
High
High
0.2
35
4
28.0
7
1400
left
High
High
0.2
45
3
27.0
8
1700
left
High
High
0.2
300
4
240.0
9
1790
left
High
High
0.2
90
2.5
45.0
10
1845
left
Mod
Mod
0.05
55
2.5
6.9
11
1925
left
Low
Low
0
80
1.5
0.0
12
2150
left
High
High
0.2
225
3
135.0
13
2190
left
Mod
Low
0.02
40
2
1.6
14
2410
left
Low
Low
0
220
1
0.0
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Sum erosion sub -totals for each BEHI/NBS
Total Erosion (ft3/yr)
866.0
Divide total erosion (ft3) by 27
Total Erosion (yd/yr)
32.1
Multiply Total erosion (yard3) by 1.3
Total Erosion (tons/yr)
41.7
Erosion per unit length
Total Erosion (Tons/yr/ft)
0.017

Site
Crane Stream Mitigation Site
Stream
UT 2
Bank Length
1070
Observers
WGL
Date
8-Aug-18
Station
Bank
BEHI
NBS
Erosion Rate
Length
Bank Height
Erosion
1
75
left
Low
Low
0
75
0.4
0.0
2
185
left
Mod
Mod
0.05
110
1
5.5
3
235
left
High
High
0.2
50
2
20.0
4
1 425
left
High
High
0.2
190
2.5
95.0
5
535
left
Low
Low
0
110
1
0.0
6
7
8
9
75
right
Low
Low
0
75
0.4
0.0
10
185
right
Mod
Mod
0.05
110
1
5.5
11
235
right
High
High
0.2
50
2
20.0
12
425
right
High
High
0.2
190
2.5
95.0
13
535
right
Low
Low
0
110
1
0.0
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Sum erosion sub -totals for each BEHI/NBS
Total Erosion (ft3/yr)
241.0
Divide total erosion (ft3) by 27
Total Erosion (yd/yr)
8.9
Multiply Total erosion (yard3) by 1.3
Total Erosion (tons/yr)
11.6
Erosion per unit length
lTotal Erosion (Tons/yr/ft)
1 0.011

Site
Crane Stream Mitigation Site
Stream
UT 3
Bank Length
650
Observers
KJ
Date
8-Aug-18
Station
Bank
BEHI
NBS
Erosion Rate
Length
Bank Height
Erosion
1
85
left
High
Low
0.1
85
4
34.0
2
265
left
Mod
Low
0.02
180
3
10.8
3
325
left
Low
Low
0
60
2
0.0
4
5
85
right
High
Low
0.1
85
4
34.0
6
265
right
Mod
Low
0.02
180
3
10.8
7
325
right
Low
Low
0
60
2
0.0
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Sum erosion sub -totals for each BEHI/NBS
Total Erosion (ft3/yr)
89.6
Divide total erosion (ft3) by 27
Total Erosion (yd/yr)
3.3
Multiply Total erosion (yard3) by 1.3
Total Erosion (tons/yr)
4.3
Erosion per unit length
Total Erosion (Tons/yr/ft)
0.007

Site
Crane Stream Mitigation Site
Stream
UT 4
Bank Length
1610
Observers
KJ
Date
8-Aug-18
Station
Bank
BEHI
NBS
Erosion Rate
Length
Bank Height
Erosion
1
185
left
High
Low
0.1
185
3
55.5
2
275
left
Mod
Low
0.02
90
2
3.6
3
315
left
High
Low
0.02
40
2
1.6
4
1 805
left
Low
Low
0
490
1
0.0
5
6
185
right
High
Low
0.1
185
3
55.5
7
275
right
Mod
Low
0.02
90
2
3.6
8
315
right
High
Low
0.1
40
2
8.0
9
805
right
Low
Low
0
490
1
0.0
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Sum erosion sub -totals for each BEHI/NBS
Total Erosion (ft3/yr)
127.8
Divide total erosion (ft3) by 27
Total Erosion (yd/yr)
4.7
Multiply Total erosion (yard3) by 1.3
Total Erosion (tons/yr)
6.2
Erosion per unit length
lTotal Erosion (Tons/yr/ft)
0.004

Site
Crane Stream Mitigation Site
Stream
UT 5
Bank Length
616
Observers
KJ
Date
8-Aug-18
Station
Bank
BEHI
NBS
Erosion Rate
Length
Bank Height
Erosion
1
74
left
Mod
Mod
0.05
74
2
7.4
2
308
left
High
High
0.2
234
3
140.4
3
4
5
6
74
right
Mod
Mod
0.05
74
2
7.4
7
308
right
High
High
0.2
234
3
140.4
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Sum erosion sub -totals for each BEHI/NBS
Total Erosion (ft3/yr)
295.6
Divide total erosion (ft3) by 27
Total Erosion (yd/yr)
10.9
Multiply Total erosion (yard3) by 1.3
Total Erosion (tons/yr)
14.2
Erosion per unit length
Total Erosion (Tons/yr/ft)
0.023

BEHIMBS Summary
Stream Reach
Erosion Rate
(tons/year)
UT 1
83.39
UT 2
11.60
UT 3
4.31
UT 4
6.15
UT 5
14.23
Total
119.7

AXIOM ENVIRONMENTAL, INC
218 Snow Avenue
Raleigh, North Carolina 27603
919-215-1693
SOIL BORING LOG
Date: 1/28/2020
Project/Site: Crane Mitigation Site
County, State: Lee County, NC
Sampling Point/
Coordinates: Soil Profile A (35.36606,-79.22333)
Investigator: W. Grant Lewis
Soil Series: Wehadkee Variant
Axiom Environmental, Inc.
Notes: Location is shown on
Figure 4.
Depth
Type: C=Concentration, D=Depletion, RM=Reduced Matrix, MS=Masked Sand Grains. Locaction: PL=Pore Lining, M=Matrix.
North Carolina Licensed Soil Scientist
Number: 1233
Signature:
Name/Print: W. Grant Lewis
Type: C=Concentration, D=Depletion, RM=Reduced Matrix, MS=Masked Sand Grains. Locaction: PL=Pore Lining, M=Matrix.
North Carolina Licensed Soil Scientist
Number: 1233
Signature:
Name/Print: W. Grant Lewis

AXIOM ENVIRONMENTAL, INC
218 Snow Avenue
Raleigh, North Carolina 27603
919-215-1693
SOIL BORING LOG
Date: 1/28/2020
Project/Site: Crane Mitigation Site
County, State: Lee County, NC
Sampling Point/
Coordinates: Soil Profile B (35.36657,-79.22229)
Investigator: W. Grant Lewis
Soil Series: Wehadkee Variant
Axiom Environmental, Inc.
Notes: Location is shown on
Figure 4.
Depth
Type: C=Concentration, D=Depletion, RM=Reduced Matrix, MS=Masked Sand Grains. Locaction: PL=Pore Lining, M=Matrix.
North Carolina Licensed Soil Scientist
Number: 1233
Signature:
Name/Print: W. Grant Lewis
Type: C=Concentration, D=Depletion, RM=Reduced Matrix, MS=Masked Sand Grains. Locaction: PL=Pore Lining, M=Matrix.
North Carolina Licensed Soil Scientist
Number: 1233
Signature:
Name/Print: W. Grant Lewis

AXIOM ENVIRONMENTAL, INC
218 Snow Avenue
Raleigh, North Carolina 27603
919-215-1693
SOIL BORING LOG
Date: 1/28/2020
Project/Site: Crane Mitigation Site
County, State: Lee County, NC
Sampling Point/
Coordinates: Soil Profile C (35.36684,-79.22311)
Investigator: W. Grant Lewis
Soil Series: Wehadkee Variant
Axiom Environmental, Inc.
Notes: Location is shown on
Figure 4.
Depth (inches)
Matrix
Mottling
Texture
Color
%
Color
%
Type
Location
0-6
10 YR 2/1
98
7.5 YR 4/6
2
C
PL
sandy loam
6-15+
2.5 Y 6/2
85
10 YR 4/6
5
C
M
sand
10 YR 5/1
10
D
M
Type: C=Concentration, D=Depletion, RM=Reduced Matrix, MS=Masked Sand Grains. Locaction: PL=Pore Lining, M=Matrix.
North Carolina Licensed Soil Scientist
Number: 1233
Signature:
Name/Print: W. Grant Lewis

AXIOM ENVIRONMENTAL, INC
218 Snow Avenue
Raleigh, North Carolina 27603
919-215-1693
SOIL BORING LOG
Date: 1/28/2020
Project/Site: Crane Mitigation Site
County, State: Lee County, NC
Sampling Point/
Coordinates: Soil Profile D (35.36674,-79.22365)
Investigator: W. Grant Lewis
Soil Series: Wehadkee Variant
Axiom Environmental, Inc.
Notes: Location is shown on
Figure 4.
Depth (inches)
Matrix
Mottling
Texture
Color
%
Color
%
Type
Location
0-3
10 YR 2/1
90
7.5 YR 4/6
5
C
PL
sandy loam
10 YR 5/1
5
D
M
3-9
10 YR 3/1
85
7.5 YR 4/6
15
C
PL
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9-15+
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80
7.5 YR 4/6
5
C
PL
sandy clay loam
10 YR 5/2
15
D
M
Type: C=Concentration, D=Depletion, RM=Reduced Matrix, MS=Masked Sand Grains. Locaction: PL=Pore Lining, M=Matrix.
North Carolina Licensed Soil Scientist
Number: 1233
Signature:
Name/Print: W. Grant Lewis

AXIOM ENVIRONMENTAL, INC
218 Snow Avenue
Raleigh, North Carolina 27603
919-215-1693
SOIL BORING LOG
Date: 8/8/2018
Project/Site: Crane Creek Mitigation Site
County, State: Lee County, NC
Sampling Point/
Coordinates: Soil Profile # E (35.364325,-79.224043)
Investigator:
Soil Series:
W. Grant Lewis
Wehadkee
Axiom Environmental, Inc.
Notes: Location is shown on
Figure 4.
Depth (inches)
Matrix
Mottlin@
Texture
Color
%
Color
%
0-4
10 YR 2/1
90
10 YR 3/4
10
sandy loam
4-7
10 YR 4/1
85
10 YR 5/8
10
sandy clay loam
10 YR 3/6
5
7-12+
10 YR 6/1
80
10 YR 6/8
10
sandy clay loam
10 YR 4/6
5
North Carolina Licensed Soil Scientist
Number: 1233
Signature: 60 ' �' �"ta
Name/Print: W. Grant Lewis

AXIOM ENVIRONMENTAL, INC
218 Snow Avenue
Raleigh, North Carolina 27603
919-215-1693
SOIL BORING LOG
Date: 8/8/2018
Project/Site: Crane Creek Mitigation Site
County, State: Lee County, NC
Sampling Point/
Coordinates: Soil Profile # F (35.367764,-79.222953)
Investigator:
Soil Series:
W. Grant Lewis
Gilead Loam
Axiom Environmental, Inc.
Notes: Location is shown on
Figure 4.
Depth (inches)
Matrix
Mottlin@
Texture
Color
%
Color
%
0-10
10 YR 2/1
90
10 YR 3/4
5
sandy loam
10YR4/1
5
10-18+
10 YR 3/1
95
10 YR 6/1
5
sandy clay loam
North Carolina Licensed Soil Scientist
Number: 1233
Signature: 60 ' �' �"ta
Name/Print: W. Grant Lewis

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APPENDIX C. FLOOD FREQUENCY ANALYSIS DATA
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) Appendices
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

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APPENDIX D. JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION INFO
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) Appendices
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS
WILMINGTON DISTRICT
Action Id. SAW-2020-01401 County: Lee U.S.G.S. Quad: NC- Murchisontown
NOTIFICATION OF JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION
Requestor: Axiom Environmental
Grant Lewis
Address: 218 Snow Ave
Raleigh, NC 27603
Telephone Number: 919-215-1693
E-mail: glewis(&axiomenvironmental.org
Size (acres) 28 Nearest Town Sanford
Nearest Waterway Little Crane Creek River Basin Cape Fear
USGS HUC 03030004 Coordinates Latitude: 35.3666
Longitude:-79.2229
Location description: The project site is approximately 28 acres located adjacent to Rocky Fork Church Road, near the town of
Sanford, Lee County, North Carolina.
Indicate Which of the Following Apply:
A. Preliminary Determination
® There appear to be waters, including wetlands on the above described project area/property, that may be subject to Section 404
of the Clean Water Act (CWA)(33 USC § 1344) and/or Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act (RHA) (33 USC § 403). The
waters, including wetlands have been delineated, and the delineation has been verified by the Corps to be sufficiently accurate
and reliable. The approximate boundaries of these waters are shown on the enclosed delineation map dated 2/25/2021. Therefore
this preliminary jurisdiction determination may be used in the permit evaluation process, including determining compensatory
mitigation. For purposes of computation of impacts, compensatory mitigation requirements, and other resource protection
measures, a permit decision made on the basis of a preliminary JD will treat all waters and wetlands that would be affected in any
way by the permitted activity on the site as if they are jurisdictional waters of the U.S. This preliminary determination is not an
appealable action under the Regulatory Program Administrative Appeal Process (Reference 33 CFR Part 331). However, you may
request an approved JD, which is an appealable action, by contacting the Corps district for further instruction.
❑ There appear to be waters, including wetlands on the above described project area/property, that may be subject to Section 404
of the Clean Water Act (CWA)(33 USC § 1344) and/or Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act (RHA) (33 USC § 403).
However, since the waters, including wetlands have not been properly delineated, this preliminary jurisdiction determination
may not be used in the permit evaluation process. Without a verified wetland delineation, this preliminary determination is
merely an effective presumption of CWA/RHA jurisdiction over all of the waters, including wetlands at the project area, which
is not sufficiently accurate and reliable to support an enforceable permit decision. We recommend that you have the waters,
including wetlands on your project area/property delineated. As the Corps may not be able to accomplish this wetland
delineation in a timely manner, you may wish to obtain a consultant to conduct a delineation that can be verified by the Corps.
B. Approved Determination
❑ There are Navigable Waters of the United States within the above described project area/property subject to the permit
requirements of Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act (RHA) (33 USC § 403) and Section 404 of the Clean Water Act
(CWA)(33 USC § 1344). Unless there is a change in law or our published regulations, this determination may be relied upon for
a period not to exceed five years from the date of this notification.
❑ There are waters, including wetlandson the above described project area/property subject to the permit requirements of Section
404 of the Clean Water Act (CWA) (33 USC § 1344). Unless there is a change in the law or our published regulations, this
determination may be relied upon for a period not to exceed five years from the date of this notification.
❑ We recommend you have the waters, including wetlands on your project area/property delineated. As the Corps may not be
able to accomplish this wetland delineation in a timely manner, you may wish to obtain a consultant to conduct a delineation that
can be verified by the Corps.
❑ The waters, including wetlands on your project area/property have been delineated and the delineation has been verified by
the Corps. The approximate boundaries of these waters are shown on the enclosed delineation map dated DATE. We strongly
suggest you have this delineation surveyed. Upon completion, this survey should be reviewed and verified by the Corps. Once

SAW-2020-01401
verified, this survey will provide an accurate depiction of all areas subject to CWA jurisdiction on your property which, provided
there is no change in the law or our published regulations, may be relied upon for a period not to exceed five years.
❑ The waters, including wetlands have been delineated and surveyed and are accurately depicted on the plat signed by the
Corps Regulatory Official identified below onDATE. Unless there is a change in the law or our published regulations, this
determination may be relied upon for a period not to exceed five years from the date of this notification.
❑ There are no waters of the U.S., to include wetlands, present on the above described project area/property which are subject to the
permit requirements of Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (33 USC 1344). Unless there is a change in the law or our published
regulations, this determination may be relied upon for a period not to exceed five years from the date of this notification.
❑ The property is located in one of the 20 Coastal Counties subject to regulation under the Coastal Area Management Act (CAMA).
You should contact the Division of Coastal Management in Morehead City, NC, at [phone] to determine their
requirements.
Placement of dredged or fill material within waters of the US, including wetlands, without a Department of the Army permit may
constitute a violation of Section 301 of the Clean Water Act (33 USC § 1311). Placement of dredged or fill material, construction or
placement of structures, or work within navigable waters of the United States without a Department of the Army permit may
constitute a violation of Sections 9 and/or 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act (33 USC § 401 and/or 403). If you have any questions
regarding this determination and/or the Corps regulatory program, please contact James Lastinger at 919-554-4884 ext 32 or
James.C.Lastint!er(&usace.armv.mil.
C. Basis For Determination: Basis For Determination: See the preliminary jurisdictional determination
form dated 03/02/2021.
D. Remarks: None.
E. Attention USDA Program Participants
This delineation/determination has been conducted to identify the limits of Corps' Clean Water Act jurisdiction for the particular site
identified in this request. The delineation/determination may not be valid for the wetland conservation provisions of the Food Security
Act of 1985. If you or your tenant are USDA Program participants, or anticipate participation in USDA programs, you should request
a certified wetland determination from the local office of the Natural Resources Conservation Service, prior to starting work.
F. Appeals Information (This information applies only to approved jurisdictional determinations as indicated in B.
above)
This correspondence constitutes an approved jurisdictional determination for the above described site. If you object to this
determination, you may request an administrative appeal under Corps regulations at 33 CFR Part 331. Enclosed you will find a
Notification of Appeal Process (NAP) fact sheet and request for appeal (RFA) form. If you request to appeal this determination you
must submit a completed RFA form to the following address:
US Army Corps of Engineers
South Atlantic Division
Attn: Phillip Shannin, Review Officer
60 Forsyth Street SW, Room 10M15
Atlanta, Georgia 30303-8801
In order for an RFA to be accepted by the Corps, the Corps must determine that it is complete, that it meets the criteria for appeal
under 33 CFR part 331.5, and that it has been received by the Division Office within 60 days of the date of the NAP. Should you
decide to submit an RFA form, it must be received at the above address by Not applicable.
**It is not necessary to submit an RFA form to the ivision Office if you do not object to the determination in this correspondence.**
Corps Regulatory Official: 411 --'`•"''�
Date of JD: 03/02/2021 - Expiration Date of JD: Not applicable

SAW-2020-01401
The Wilmington District is committed to providing the highest level of support to the public. To help us ensure we
continue to do so, please complete the Customer Satisfaction Survey located at
http://corpsmapu.usace.army.mil/cm_apex/f?p=136:4:0
Copy furnished:

NOTIFICATION OF ADMINISTRATIVE APPEAL OPTIONS AND PROCESS AND
REQUEST FOR APPEAL
A licant: Axiom Environmental, Grant Lewis File Number: SAW-2020-01401 Date: 03/02/2021
Attached is:
See Section below
INITIAL PROFFERED PERMIT (Standard Permit or Letter of permission)
A
PROFFERED PERMIT (Standard Permit or Letter of permission)
B
PERMIT DENIAL
C
APPROVED JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION
D
❑X
PRELIMINARY JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION
E
SECTION I - The following identifies your rights and options regarding an administrative appeal of the above decision.
Additional information may be found at or http://www.usace.army.mit/Missions/CivilWorks/RegulatoryProgramandPermits.asi)
or the Corps regulations at.33 CFR Part 331.
A: INITIAL PROFFERED PERMIT: You may accept or object to the permit.
• ACCEPT: If you received a Standard Permit, you may sign the permit document and return it to the district engineer for final
authorization. If you received a Letter of Permission (LOP), you may accept the LOP and your work is authorized. Your
signature on the Standard Permit or acceptance of the LOP means that you accept the permit in its entirety, and waive all
rights to appeal the permit, including its terms and conditions, and approved jurisdictional determinations associated with the
permit.
• OBJECT: If you object to the permit (Standard or LOP) because of certain terms and conditions therein, you may request
that the permit be modified accordingly. You must complete Section II of this form and return the form to the district
engineer. Your objections must be received by the district engineer withi 60 days of the date of this notice, or you will
forfeit your right to appeal the permit in the future. Upon receipt of your letter, the district engineer will evaluate your
objections and may: (a) modify the permit to address all of your concerns, (b) modify the permit to address some of your
objections, or (c) not modify the permit having determined that the permit should be issued as previously written. After
evaluating your objections, the district engineer will send you a proffered permit for your reconsideration, as indicated in
Section B below.
B: PROFFERED PERMIT: You may accept or appeal the permit
• ACCEPT: If you received a Standard Permit, you may sign the permit document and return it to the district engineer for final
authorization. If you received a Letter of Permission (LOP), you may accept the LOP and your work is authorized. Your
signature on the Standard Permit or acceptance of the LOP means that you accept the permit in its entirety, and waive all
rights to appeal the permit, including its terms and conditions, and approved jurisdictional determinations associated with the
permit.
• APPEAL: If you choose to decline the proffered permit (Standard or LOP) because of certain terms and conditions therein,
you may appeal the declined permit under the Corps of Engineers Admilstrative Appeal Process by completing Section II of
this form and sending the form to the division engineer. This form must be received by the division engineer within 60 days
of the date of this notice.
C: PERMIT DENIAL: You may appeal the denial of a permit under the Corps of Engineers Admimistrativc Appeal Process by
completing Section II of this form and sending the form to the division engineer. This form must be received by the division
engineer within 60 days of the date of this notice.
D: APPROVED JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION: You may accept or appeal the approved JD or provide new
information.
• ACCEPT: You do not need to notify the Corps to accept an approved JD. Failure to notify the Corps within 60 days of the
date of this notice, means that you accept the approved JD in its entirety, and waive all rights to appeal the approved JD.
• APPEAL: If you disagree with the approved JD, you may appeal the approved JD under the Corps of Engineers
Administrative Appeal Process by completing Section II of this form and sending the form to the district engineer. This form
must be received by the division engineer within 60 days of the date of this notice.

E: PRELIMINARY JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION: You do not need to respond to the Corps regarding the
preliminary JD. The Preliminary JD is not appealable. If you wish, you may request an approved JD (which may be appealed),
by contacting the Corps district for further instruction. Also you may provide new information for further consideration by the
Corps to reevaluate the JD.
SECTION II - REQUEST FOR APPEAL or OBJECTIONS TO AN INITIAL PROFFERED PERMIT
REASONS FOR APPEAL OR OBJECTIONS: (Describe your reasons for appealing the decision or your objections to an initial
proffered permit in clear concise statements. You may attach additional information to this form to clarify where your reasons or
objections are addressed in the administrative record.)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: The appeal is limited to a review of the administrative record, the Corps memorandum for the
record of the appeal conference or meeting, and any supplemental information that the review officer has determined is needed to
clarify the administrative record. Neither the appellant nor the Corps may add new information or analyses to the record.
However, you may provide additional information to clarify the location of information that is already in the administrative
record.
POINT OF CONTACT FOR QUESTIONS OR INFORMATION:
If you have questions regarding this decision and/or the
If you only have questions regarding the appeal process you may
appeal process you may contact:
also contact:
District Engineer, Wilmington Regulatory Division
Mr. Phillip Shannin, Administrative Appeal Review Officer
Attn: James Lastinger
CESAD-PDO
Raleigh Regulatory Office
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, South Atlantic Division
U.S Army Corps of Engineers
60 Forsyth Street, Room 1OM15
3331 Heritage Trade Drive, Suite 105
Atlanta, Georgia 30303-8801
Wake Forest, North Carolina 27587
Phone: [phone]
RIGHT OF ENTRY: Your signature below grants the right of entry to Corps of Engineers personnel, and any government
consultants, to conduct investigations of the project site during the course of the appeal process. You will be provided a 15-day
notice of any site investigation, and will have the opportunit to participate in all site my-csti ations.
Date:
Telephone number:
Signature of appellant or agent.
For appeals on Initial Proffered Permits send this form to:
District Engineer, Wilmington Regulatory Division, Attn: James Lastinger, , 69 Darlington Avenue, Wilmington, North
Carolina 28403
For Permit denials, Proffered Permits and Approved Jurisdictional Determinations send this form to:
Division Engineer, Commander, U.S. Army Engineer Division, South Atlantic, Attn: Mr. Phillip Shannin, Administrative
Appeal Officer, CESAD-PDO, 60 Forsyth Street, Room 1OM15, Atlanta, Georgia 30303-8801
Phone: [phone]

PRELIMINARY JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION (PJD) FORM
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
A. REPORT COMPLETION DATE FOR PJD: 03/02/2021
B. NAME AND ADDRESS OF PERSON REQUESTING PJD: Axiom Environmental, Grant Lewis, 218
Snow Ave, Raleigh, NC 27603
C. DISTRICT OFFICE, FILE NAME, AND NUMBER: Wilmington District, Crane Stream and Wetland
Mitigation site, SAW-2020-01401
D. PROJECT LOCATION(S) AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION: The project site is approximately 28
acres located adjacent to Rocky Fork Church Road, near the town of Sanford, Lee County, North Carolina.
(USE THE TABLE BELOW TO DOCUMENT MULTIPLE AQUATIC RESOURCES
AND/OR AQUATIC RESOURCES AT DIFFERENT SITES)
State: NC County: Lee City: Sanford
Center coordinates of site (lat/long in degree decimal format): Latitude: 35.3666 Longitude:-79.2229
Universal Transverse Mercator:
Name of nearest waterbody: Little Crane Creek
E. REVIEW PERFORMED FOR SITE EVALUATION (CHECK ALL THAT APPLY):
❑ Office (Desk) Determination. Date:
® Field Determination. Date(s): February 25, 2021
TABLE OF AQUATIC RESOURCES IN REVIEWAREA WHICH "MAY BE" SUBJECT TO
REGULATORY JURISDICTION
Site Number
Latitude
(decimal
degrees)
Longitude
(decimal
degrees)
Estimated
amount of
aquatic
resources in
review area
(acreage and
linear feet, if
applicable
Type of aquatic
resources (i.e.,
wetland vs.
non -wetland
waters)
Geographic authority to
which the aquatic
resource "may be"
subject (i.e., Section 404
or Section 10/404)
UT-1
35.36723200
-79.22294300
2170 LF
Non wetland
Section 404
UT-2
35.36409200
-79.22369700
489 LF
Non wetland
Section 404
UT-3
35.36641400
-79.22387800
345 LF
Non wetland
Section 404
UT-4
35.36527100
-79.22382100
373 LF
Non wetland
Section 404
UT-5
35.36670300
-79.22237800
319 LF
Non wetland
Section 404
Wetland GA
35.36453800
-79.22432900
0.356 acre
Wetland
Section 404
Wetland GE
35.36624000
-79.22421200
0.031 acre
Wetland
Section 404
Wetland GD
35.36712000
-79.22414600
0.018 acre
Wetland
Section 404
Wetland GC
35.36725900
-79.22367000
0.13 acre
Wetland
Section 404
Wetland KX
35.36861500
-79.22288700
0.087 acre
Wetland
Section 404
Wetland KY
35.36712500
-79.22108100
0.757 acre
Wetland
Section 404
Wetland JZ
35.36604100
-79.22317000
14.512 acres
Wetland
Section 404

1. The Corps of Engineers believes that there may be jurisdictional aquatic resources in the
review area, and the requestor of this PJD is hereby advised of his or her option to request
and obtain an approved JD (AJD) for that review area based on an informed decision after
having discussed the various types of JDs and their characteristics and circumstances when
they may be appropriate.
2. In any circumstance where a permit applicant obtains an individual permit, or a Nationwide
General Permit (NWP) or other general permit verification requiring "pre- construction
notification" (PCN), or requests verification for a non -reporting NWP or other general
permit, and the permit applicant has not requested an AID for the activity, the permit
applicant is hereby made aware that: (1) the permit applicant has elected to seek a permit
authorization based on a PJD, which does not make an official determination of
jurisdictional aquatic resources; (2) the applicant has the option to request an AJD before
accepting the terms and conditions of the permit authorization, and that basing a permit
authorization on an AJD could possibly result in less compensatory mitigation being
required or different special conditions; (3) the applicant has the right to request an
individual permit rather than accepting the terms and conditions of the NWP or other
general permit authorization; (4) the applicant can accept a permit authorization and
thereby agree to comply with all the terms and conditions of that permit, including
whatever mitigation requirements the Corps has determined to be necessary; (5)
undertaking any activity in reliance upon the subject permit authorization without
requesting an AJD constitutes the applicant's acceptance of the use of the PJD; (6)
accepting a permit authorization (e.g., signing a proffered individual permit) or undertaking
any activity in reliance on any form of Corps permit authorization based on a PJD
constitutes agreement that all aquatic resources in the review area affected in any way by
that activity will be treated as jurisdictional, and waives any challenge to such jurisdiction
in any administrative or judicial compliance or enforcement action, or in any administrative
appeal or in any Federal court; and (7) whether the applicant elects to use either an AJD or
a PJD, the JD will be processed as soon as practicable. Further, an AJD, a proffered
individual permit (and all terms and conditions contained therein), or individual permit
denial can be administratively appealed pursuant to 33 C.F.R. Part 331. If, during an
administrative appeal, it becomes appropriate to make an official determination whether
geographic jurisdiction exists over aquatic resources in the review area, or to provide an
official delineation of jurisdictional aquatic resources in the review area, the Corps will
provide an AJD to accomplish that result, as soon as is practicable. This PJD finds that
there "may be" waters of the U.S. and/or that there "may be" navigable waters of the U.S.
on the subject review area, and identifies all aquatic features in the review area that could
be affected by the proposed activity, based on the following information:

SUPPORTING DATA. Data reviewed for PJD (check all that apply) Checked items are included in the administrative
record and are appropriately cited:
® Maps, plans, plots or plat submitted by or on behalf of the PJD requestor:
Map: attached dated February 2021
®Data sheets prepared/submitted by or on behalf of the PJD requestor. Datasheets:
® Office concurs with data sheets/delineation report.
❑ Office does not concur with data sheets/delineation report. Rationale:
❑ Data sheets prepared by the Corps:
❑Corps navigable waters' study:
®U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas:
®USGS NHD data:
❑USGS 8 and 12 digit HUC maps:
® U.S. Geological Survey map(s). Cite scale & quad name: Murchisontown
®Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Survey. Citation: USFWS
® National wetlands inventory map(s). Cite name: Lee County, 1989
❑ State/local wetland inventory map(s):
❑ FEMA/FIRM maps:
❑ 100-year Floodplain Elevation is:
® Photographs: ® Aerial (Name & Date): 2017
or ❑ Other (Name & Date):
(National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929)
El Previous determination(s). File no. and date of response letter:
❑ Other information (please specify):
IMPORTANT NOTE: The information recorded on this form has not necessarily been verified by the Corps
and should not be relied upon for later Jurisdictional determinations.
Signature and date of Regulatory
staff member completing PJD
03/02/2021
Signature and date of person requesting PJD
(REQUIRED, unless obtaining the signature is
impracticable)1
1 Districts may establish timeframes for requester to return signed PJD forms. If the requester does not respond within the established
time frame, the district may presume concurrence and no additional follow up is necessary prior to finalizing an action.

APPENDIX E. NC NHP LETTER AND CATEGORICAL EXCLUSION DOCUMENT
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) Appendices
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

New Roy Cooper, Governor
•� mm NC DEPARTMENT OF Susi Hamilton, Secretary
■�,-t m NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES
a ■ox Walter Clark, Director, Land and Water Stewardship
NCNHDE-10440
October 10. 2019
Allison Keith
Axiom Environmental
218 Snow Ave
Raleigh, NC 27603
RE: Crane Site: 18-002
Dear Allison Keith:
The North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) appreciates the opportunity to provide
information about natural heritage resources for the project referenced above.
Based on the project area mapped with your request, a query of the NCNHP database indicates that
there are no records for rare species, important natural communities, natural areas, and/or
conservation/managed areas within the proposed project boundary. Please note that although there
may be no documentation of natural heritage elements within the project boundary, it does not
imply or confirm their absence; the area may not have been surveyed. The results of this query
should not be substituted for field surveys where suitable habitat exists. In the event that rare
species are found within the project area, please contact the NCNHP so that we may update our
records.
The attached `Potential Occurrences' table summarizes rare species and natural communities that
have been documented within a one -mile radius of the property boundary. The proximity of these
records suggests that these natural heritage elements may potentially be present in the project area
if suitable habitat exists. Tables of natural areas and conservation/managed areas within a one -mile
radius of the project area, if any, are also included in this report.
If a Federally -listed species is found within the project area or is indicated within a one -mile radius of
the project area, the NCNHP recommends contacting the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) for
guidance. Contact information for USFWS offices in North Carolina is found here:
httr)s://www.fws.aov/offices/Directory/ListOffices.cfm?statecode=37.
Please note that natural heritage element data are maintained for the purposes of conservation
planning, project review, and scientific research, and are not intended for use as the primary criteria
for regulatory decisions. Information provided by the NCNHP database may not be published
without prior written notification to the NCNHP, and the NCNHP must be credited as an information
source in these publications. Maps of NCNHP data may not be redistributed without permission.
The NC Natural Heritage Program may follow this letter with additional correspondence if a
Dedicated Nature Preserve, Registered Heritage Area, Clean Water Management Trust Fund
easement, or Federally -listed species are documented near the project area.
If you have questions regarding the information provided in this letter or need additional assistance,
please contact Rodney A. Butler at rod ney.butlerCo�ncdcr.aov or 919-707-8603.
Sincerely,
NC Natural Heritage Program
DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES
121 W JON S STREET, RALEIGI I_ NC 27603 - 16Sl MAOL SERVICE CENTER. PALEIGW. rkc 276�0
OFC 919.707,9120 • FAK 919.707.9121

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CRANE STREAM AND WETLAND MITIGATION SITE
Lee County, North Carolina
DMS Project No. 100165
Categorical Exclusion/ERTR
Prepared for:
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Mitigation Services
1652 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1652
December 2020

Appendix A
Categorical Exclusion Form for Division of Mitigation Services Projects
Version 2
Part 1: General Project Information
Name: Crane Mitigation Site
Count Name: Lee
DMS Number: 100165
Project Sponsor: Restoration Systems,
LLC
Project Contact Name: Worth Creech
Project Contact Address: 1101 Haynes tr t
t. 211 R I i h NC 27604
Project Contact E-mail: worth restorations stems.com
DMS Project Mana er: Jeremiah Dow
Project Description
The Site occurs within 14-digit Cataloging Unit and Targeted Local Watershed 03030004070010 along warm water,
unnamed tributaries to Little Crane Creek. The Site is included within the Cranes Creek Local Watershed Planning
(LWP) area and a Hydrology Targeted Resource Area (TRA) and Water Quality (TRA) due to mod ifications/stressors
in the watershed. The Site is located approximately 2 miles southwest
of Lemon Springs, 8 miles southwest of
Sanford, and west of Rocky Fork Church Road (SR 1179).
For Official Use Only
Reviewed By:
Date
DOS Project Manager
Conditional Approved By:
Date
For Division Administrator
FHWA
❑ Check this box if there are outstanding issues
Final Approval By:
Date
For Division Administrator
FHWA

2: All Projects
Regulation/QuestionPart
p.
Coastal Zone Management Act CZMA
1. Is the project located in a CAMA county?
❑ Yes
Lj No
2. Does the project involve ground -disturbing activities within a CAMA Area of
❑ Yes
Environmental Concern (AEC)?
❑ No
Lj N/A
3. Has a CAMA permit been secured?
❑ Yes
E]jNo
N/A
4. Has NCDCM agreed that the project is consistent with the NC Coastal Management
❑ Yes
Program?
Fl.No
N/A
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liabilit Act CER
A
1. Is this a "full -delivery" project?
M Yes
❑ No
2. Has the zoning/land use of the subject property and adjacent properties ever been
❑ es
designated as commercial or industrial?
o
❑ N/A
3. As a result of a limited Phase I Site Assessment, are there known or potential
2,yes
hazardous waste sites within or adjacent to the project area?
VNo
❑ N/A
4. As a result of a Phase I Site Assessment, are there known or potential hazardous
❑ Yes
waste sites within or adjacent to the project area?
❑ No
❑ N/A
5. As a result of a Phase 11 Site Assessment, are there known or potential hazardous
❑ Yes
waste sites within the project area?
❑ No
Lj N/A
6. Is there an approved hazardous mitigation plan?
❑ Yes
❑ No
D N/A
National Historic Preservation Act Section 106
1. Are there properties listed on, or eligible for listing on, the National Register of
❑ Yes
Historic Places in the project area?
Lj No
2. Does the project affect such properties and does the SHPO/THPO concur?
❑ Yes
❑ No
D N/A
3. If the effects are adverse, have they been resolved?
❑ Yes
❑ No
L� N/A
Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act Uniform
Act
1. Is this a "full -delivery" project?
E Yes
❑ No
2. Does the project require the acquisition of real estate?
Yes
❑ No
❑ N/A
3. Was the property acquisition completed prior to the intent to use federal funds?
Yes
No
/A
4. Has the owner of the property been informed:
Yes
* prior to making an offer that the agency does not have condemnation authority; and
❑ No
* what the fair market value is believed to be?
❑ N/A

3: Ground -Disturbing Activities
Regulation/QuestionPart
..
American Indian Religious Freedom Act AIRFA
1. Is the project located in a county claimed as "territory" by the Eastern Band of
❑ Yes
Cherokee Indians?
U No
2. Is the site of religious importance to American Indians?
❑ Yes
❑ No
U N/A
3. Is the project listed on, or eligible for listing on, the National Register of Historic
❑ Yes
Places?
❑ No
U N/A
4. Have the effects of the project on this site been considered?
❑ Yes
❑ No
U N/A
Antiquities Act AA
1. Is the project located on Federal lands?
❑ Yes
V No
2. Will there be loss or destruction of historic or prehistoric ruins, monuments or objects
❑ Yes
of antiquity?
EJPo
N/A
3. Will a permit from the appropriate Federal agency be required?
❑ Yes
0
N/A
4. Has a permit been obtained?
❑ Yes
EI.No
Sf N/A
Archaeological Resources Protection Act ARPA
1. Is the project located on federal or Indian lands (reservation)?
Yes
We
2. Will there be a loss or destruction of archaeological resources?
❑ Yes
E]pNo
N/A
3. Will a permit from the appropriate Federal agency be required?
❑ Yes
VNIA
4. Has a permit been obtained?
❑ Yes
❑ No
U N/A
Endangered Species Act ESA
1. Are federal Threatened and Endangered species and/or Designated Critical Habitat
U Yes
listed for the county?
❑ No
2. Is Designated Critical Habitat or suitable habitat present for listed species?
❑ Yes
U No
❑ N/A
3. Are T&E species present or is the project being conducted in Designated Critical
❑ Yes
Habitat?
U No
❑ N/A
4. Is the project "likely to adversely affect" the specie and/or "likely to adversely modify"
❑ Yes
Designated Critical Habitat?
❑ No
U N/A
5. Does the USFWS/NOAA-Fisheries concur in the effects determination?
❑ Yes
❑ No
U N/A
6. Has the USFWS/NOAA-Fisheries rendered a "jeopardy" determination?
❑ Yes
❑ No
LJ N/A

Executive Order 13007 Indian Sacred Sites
1. Is the project located on Federal lands that are within a county claimed as "territory"
[I Yes
by the EBCI?
U No
2. Has the EBCI indicated that Indian sacred sites may be impacted by the proposed
❑ Yes
project?
❑ 0
VN/A
3. Have accommodations been made for access to and ceremonial use of Indian sacred
❑ Yes
sites?
�❑ o
4N /A
Farmland Protection Policy Act FPPA
1. Will real estate be acquired?
MYes
❑ .NO
2. Has NRCS determined that the project contains prime, unique, statewide or locally
fqYes
important farmland?
❑ No
❑ N/A
3. Has the completed Form AD-1006 been submitted to NRCS?
D Yes
❑ No
❑ N/A
Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act FWCA
1. Will the project impound, divert, channel deepen, or otherwise control/modify any
JZ Yes
water body?
o
2. Have the USFWS and the NCWRC been consulted?
SFYes
❑ No
❑ N/A
Land and Water Conservation Fund Act Section 6 f
1. Will the project require the conversion of such property to a use other than public,
UFyes
outdoor recreation?
No
2. Has the NPS approved of the conversion?
❑ Yes
E]ONo
Ig N/A
Magnuson -Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish
Habitat
1. Is the project located in an estuarine system?
❑ Yes
❑i No
2. Is suitable habitat present for EFH-protected species?
❑ Yes
❑ No
U N/A
3. Is sufficient design information available to make a determination of the effect of the
❑ Yes
project on EFH?
❑ No
U N/A
4. Will the project adversely affect EFH?
❑ Yes
❑ No
LJ N/A
5. Has consultation with NOAA-Fisheries occurred?
❑ Yes
0
N/A
Migratory Bird Treat Act MBTA
1. Does the USFWS have any recommendations with the project relative to the MBTA?
IF
Yes
JM
No
2. Have the USFWS recommendations been incorporated?
❑ Yes
0
N/A
Wilderness Act
1. Is the project in a Wilderness area?
Uryes
IM
No
2. Has a special use permit and/or easement been obtained from the maintaining
❑ Yes
federal agency?
❑ 0
VN/A

Crane Stream and Wetland Mitigation Site
NC DMS Contract # 0302-01 RFP # 16-20190302 DMS/Project # 100165
TASK 1 W Categorical Exclusion Summary:
Part 1: General Project Information (Attached)
Part 2: All Projects Regulation/Questions
Coastal Zone Management Act
No issue — project is not located within a CAMA county.
CERCLA
No issue within project boundaries — please seethe attached Executive Summary from a Limited
Phase 1 Site Assessment performed by Environmental Data Resources, Inc. on December 3 d,
2020.
National Historic Preservation Act (Section 106
No Issue — please see attached letter from Ramona M. Bartos, State of the Historic Preservation
Office.
l lnifnrm Art
Please see the attached letters, sent to the landowners December 1t", 2020.
Part 3: Ground -Disturbing Activates Regulation/Questions
American Indian Religious Freedom Act (AIRFA)
Not applicable — project is not located in a county claimed as "territory" by the Eastern Band of
Cherokee Indians.
Antiauities Act (AA
Not applicable — project is not located on Federal land.
Archaeological Resources Protection Act (ARPA)
Not applicable — project is not located on Federal or Indian lands.
Endangered Species Act (ESA)
Project activities are not likely to affect critical habitat for Endangered or Threatened Species.
The proposed projectwill occur in existing agricultural fields which are intensively managed for
cattle production. A biological survey included in the 9-step online compliance process found
"no effect" based on no suitable habitat present as the land is currently in agriculture production
and does not propose the removal of trees. A Self -certification letter was submitted on
December 1st, 2020 and no recommendations following the 30-day review period. Receipt of
the self -certification letter is attached.
Executive Order 13007 (Indian Sacred Sites)
Not applicable — project is not located in a county claimed as "territory" by the Eastern Band of
Cherokee Indians.
Farmland Protection Policy Act (FPPA)
Please find the attached Form AD-1006 and email from Milton Cortes of the NRCS.
Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act (FWCA)
Project will impound, divert, channel deepen, or otherwise control/modify a water body and
the USFWS and the NCWRC have been consulted. Correspondence attached.

Crane Stream and Wetland Mitigation Site
NC DMS Contract # 0302-01 RFP # 16-20190302 DMS/Project # 100165
Land & Water Conservation Fund Act (Section 6(f))
Not applicable
Magnuson -Stevens Fishery Conservation and management Act (Essential Fish Habitat)
Not applicable — project is not located within an estuarine system
Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA)
USFWS provided no recommendations for the project relative to the MBTA, please see attached
letter sent to John Ellis (USFWS— Raleigh Regional Field Office) on Feb. 13, 2020.
Wilderness Act
Not applicable —the project is not located within a Wilderness area.

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Crane Mitigation Site
3646 ROCKY FORK CHURCH RD
Sanford, NC 27332
Inquiry Number: 6288552.2s
December 03, 2020
6 Armstrong Road, 4th floor
Shelton, CT 06484
CEDR . Toll Free: 800.352.0050
www.edrnet.com
FORM-LBD-CCA

TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION
PAGE
Executive Summary-------------------------------------------------------
ES1
Overview Map
2
Detail Map
3
Map Findings Summary----------------------------------------------------
4
Map Findings
8
OrphanSummary---------------------------------------------------------
9
Government Records Searched/Data Currency Tracking
GR-1
GEOCHECK ADDENDUM
Physical Setting Source Addendum------------------------------------------
A-1
Physical Setting Source Summary-------------------------------------------.
A-2
Physical Setting SSURGO Soil Map-------------------------------------------
A-5
Physical Setting Source Map
A-13
Physical Setting Source Map Findings----------------------------------------
A-15
Physical Setting Source Records Searched------------------------------------.
PSGRA
Thank you for your business.
Please contact EDR at 1-800-352-0050
with any questions or comments.
Disclaimer - Copyright and Trademark Notice
This Report contains certain information obtained from a variety of public and other sources reasonably available to Environmental Data
Resources, Inc. It cannot be concluded from this Report that coverage information for the target and surrounding properties does not exist from
other sources. NO WARRANTY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, IS MADE WHATSOEVER IN CONNECTION WITH THIS REPORT. ENVIRONMENTAL
DATA RESOURCES, INC. SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE MAKING OF ANY SUCH WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION,
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE OR PURPOSE. ALL RISK IS ASSUMED BY THE USER. IN NO EVENT SHALL
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA RESOURCES, INC. BE LIABLE TO ANYONE, WHETHER ARISING OUT OF ERRORS OR OMISSIONS, NEGLIGENCE,
ACCIDENT OR ANY OTHER CAUSE, FOR ANY LOSS OF DAMAGE, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL,
CONSEQUENTIAL, OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES. ANY LIABILITY ON THE PART OF ENVIRONMENTAL DATA RESOURCES, INC. IS STRICTLY
LIMITED TO A REFUND OF THE AMOUNT PAID FOR THIS REPORT. Purchaser accepts this Report "AS IS". Any analyses, estimates, ratings,
environmental risk levels or risk codes provided in this Report are provided for illustrative purposes only, and are not intended to provide, nor
should they be interpreted as providing any facts regarding, or prediction or forecast of, any environmental risk for any property. Only a Phase I
Environmental Site Assessment performed by an environmental professional can provide information regarding the environmental risk for any
property. Additionally, the information provided in this Report is not to be construed as legal advice.
Copyright 2020 by Environmental Data Resources, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction in any media or format, in whole
or in part, of any report or map of Environmental Data Resources, Inc., or its affiliates, is prohibited without prior written permission.
EDR and its logos (including Sanborn and Sanborn Map) are trademarks of Environmental Data Resources, Inc. or its affiliates. All other
trademarks used herein are the property of their respective owners.
TC6288552.2s Page 1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
A search of available environmental records was conducted by Environmental Data Resources, Inc (EDR).
The report was designed to assist parties seeking to meet the search requirements of EPA's Standards
and Practices for All Appropriate Inquiries (40 CFR Part 312), the ASTM Standard Practice for
Environmental Site Assessments (E 1527-13), the ASTM Standard Practice for Environmental Site
Assessments for Forestland or Rural Property (E 2247-16), the ASTM Standard Practice for Limited
Environmental Due Diligence: Transaction Screen Process (E 1528-14) or custom requirements developed
for the evaluation of environmental risk associated with a parcel of real estate.
TARGET PROPERTY INFORMATION
ADDRESS
3646 ROCKY FORK CHURCH RD
SANFORD, NC 27332
COORDINATES
Latitude (North):
Longitude (West):
Universal Tranverse Mercator
UTM X (Meters):
UTM Y (Meters):
Elevation:
35.3663110 - 35' 21' 58.71"
79.2234540 - 79' 13' 24.43"
Zone 17
661399.4
3914916.8
447 ft. above sea level
USGS TOPOGRAPHIC MAP ASSOCIATED WITH TARGET PROPERTY
Target Property Map:
Version Date:
North Map:
Version Date:
AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY IN THIS REPORT
5945557 MURCHISONTOWN, NC
2013
5945581 SANFORD, NC
2013
Portions of Photo from: 20140619
Source: USDA
TC6288552.2s EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1

F- MAPPED SITES SUMMARY
Target Property Address:
3646 ROCKY FORK CHURCH RD
SANFORD, NC 27332
Click on Map ID to see full detail.
MAP
ID SITE NAME ADDRESS
NO MAPPED SITES FOUND
DATABASE ACRONYMS
RELATIVE DIST (ft. & mi.)
ELEVATION DIRECTION
6288552.2s Page 2

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
TARGET PROPERTY SEARCH RESULTS
The target property was not listed in any of the databases searched by EDR.
DATABASES WITH NO MAPPED SITES
No mapped sites were found in EDR's search of available ("reasonably ascertainable ") government
records either on the target property or within the search radius around the target property for the
following databases:
STANDARD ENVIRONMENTAL RECORDS
Federal NPL site list
NPL___________________________ National Priority List
Proposed NPL________________ Proposed National Priority List Sites
NPL LIENS -------------------- Federal Superfund Liens
Federal Delisted NPL site list
Delisted NPL__________________ National Priority List Deletions
Federal CERCLIS list
FEDERAL FACILITY__________ Federal Facility Site Information listing
SEMS_________________________ Superfund Enterprise Management System
Federal CERCLIS NFRAP site list
SEMS-ARCHIVE-------------- Superfund Enterprise Management System Archive
Federal RCRA CORRACTS facilities list
CORRACTS------------------ Corrective Action Report
Federal RCRA non-CORRACTS TSD facilities list
RCRA-TSDF------------------ RCRA- Treatment, Storage and Disposal
Federal RCRA generators list
RCRA-LQG------------------- RCRA- Large Quantity Generators
RCRA-SQG------------------- RCRA - Small Quantity Generators
RCRA-VSQG----------------- RCRA - Very Small Quantity Generators (Formerly Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity
Generators)
Federal institutional controls / engineering controls registries
LUCIS_________________________ Land Use Control Information System
TC6288552.2s EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
US ENG CONTROLS_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Engineering Controls Sites List
US INST CONTROLS_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. Institutional Controls Sites List
Federal ERNS list
ERNS_________________________ Emergency Response Notification System
State- and tribal - equivalent NPL
NC HSDS_____________________ Hazardous Substance Disposal Site
State- and tribal - equivalent CERCLIS
SHWS------------------------- Inactive Hazardous Sites Inventory
State and tribal landfill and/or solid waste disposal site lists
SWF/LF_______________________ List of Solid Waste Facilities
DEBRIS_______________________ Solid Waste Active Disaster Debris Sites Listing
OLI____________________________ Old Landfill Inventory
LCID__________________________ Land -Clearing and Inert Debris (LCID) Landfill Notifications
State and tribal leaking storage tank lists
LUST -------------------------- Regional UST Database
LAST__________________________ Leaking Aboveground Storage Tanks
INDIAN LUST_________________ Leaking Underground Storage Tanks on Indian Land
LUST TRUST_________________ State Trust Fund Database
State and tribal registered storage tank lists
FEMA UST____________________ Underground Storage Tank Listing
UST___________________________ Petroleum Underground Storage Tank Database
AST___________________________ AST Database
INDIAN UST__________________ Underground Storage Tanks on Indian Land
State and tribal institutional control / engineering control registries
INST CONTROL_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ No Further Action Sites With Land Use Restrictions Monitoring
State and tribal voluntary cleanup sites
INDIAN VCP__________________ Voluntary Cleanup Priority Listing
VCP___________________________ Responsible Party Voluntary Action Sites
State and tribal Brownfields sites
BROWNFIELDS______________ Brownfields Projects Inventory
ADDITIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RECORDS
Local Brownfield lists
US BROWNFIELDS----------- A Listing of Brownfields Sites
TC6288552.2s EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Local Lists of Landfill / Solid Waste Disposal Sites
SWRCY_______________________
Recycling Center Listing
HIST LF_______________________
Solid Waste Facility Listing
INDIAN ODI___________________
Report on the Status of Open Dumps on Indian Lands
DEBRIS REGION 9-----------
Torres Martinez Reservation Illegal Dump Site Locations
ODI___________________________
Open Dump Inventory
IHS OPEN DUMPS___________
Open Dumps on Indian Land
Local Lists of Hazardous waste / Contaminated Sites
US HIST CDL_________________ Delisted National Clandestine Laboratory Register
US CDL_______________________ National Clandestine Laboratory Register
Local Land Records
LIENS 2_______________________ CERCLA Lien Information
Records of Emergency Release Reports
HMIRS________________________
Hazardous Materials Information Reporting System
SPILLS________________________
Spills Incident Listing
IMD___________________________
Incident Management Database
SPILLS 90____________________
SPILLS 90 data from FirstSearch
SPILLS 80____________________
SPILLS 80 data from FirstSearch
Other Ascertainable Records
RCRA NonGen / NLR _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ RCRA - Non Generators / No Longer Regulated
FUDS_________________________
Formerly Used Defense Sites
DOD__________________________
Department of Defense Sites
SCRD DRYCLEANERS_______
State Coalition for Remediation of Drycleaners Listing
US FIN ASSUR_______________
Financial Assurance Information
EPA WATCH LIST____________
EPA WATCH LIST
2020 COR ACTION_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ 2020 Corrective Action Program List
TSCA_________________________
Toxic Substances Control Act
TRIS__________________________
Toxic Chemical Release Inventory System
SSTS--------------------------
Section 7 Tracking Systems
ROD__________________________
Records Of Decision
RMP__________________________
Risk Management Plans
RAATS________________________
RCRA Administrative Action Tracking System
PRP___________________________
Potentially Responsible Parties
PADS_________________________
PCB Activity Database System
ICIS___________________________
Integrated Compliance Information System
FTTS__________________________
FIFRA/ TSCA Tracking System - FIFRA (Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, & Rodenticide
Act)/TSCA (Toxic Substances Control Act)
MLTS_________________________
Material Licensing Tracking System
COAL ASH DOE_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ Steam -Electric Plant Operation Data
COAL ASH EPA______________
Coal Combustion Residues Surface Impoundments List
PCB TRANSFORMER _ _ _ _
_ _ _ PCB Transformer Registration Database
RADINFO ---------------------
Radiation Information Database
HIST FTTS____________________
FIFRA/TSCA Tracking System Administrative Case Listing
DOT OPS_____________________
Incident and Accident Data
CONSENT____________________
Superfund (CERCLA) Consent Decrees
TC6288552.2s EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
INDIAN RESERV_____________
Indian Reservations
FUSRAP______________________
Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program
UMTRA_______________________
Uranium Mill Tailings Sites
LEAD SMELTERS____________
Lead Smelter Sites
US AIRS______________________
Aerometric Information Retrieval System Facility Subsystem
US MINES____________________
Mines Master Index File
ABANDONED MINES ---------
Abandoned Mines
FINDS -------------------------
Facility Index System/Facility Registry System
UXO ---------------------------
Unexploded Ordnance Sites
DOCKET HWC----------------
Hazardous Waste Compliance Docket Listing
ECHO -------------------------
Enforcement & Compliance History Information
FUELS PROGRAM___________
EPA Fuels Program Registered Listing
AIRS__________________________
Air Quality Permit Listing
ASBESTOS___________________
ASBESTOS
COAL ASH____________________
Coal Ash Disposal Sites
DRYCLEANERS______________
Drycleaning Sites
Financial Assurance -----------
Financial Assurance Information Listing
NPDES------------------------
NPDES Facility Location Listing
UIC----------------------------
Underground Injection Wells Listing
AOP---------------------------
Animal Operation Permits Listing
PCSRP------------------------
Petroleum -Contaminated Soil Remediation Permits
SEPT HAULERS______________
Permitted Septage Haulers Listing
MINES MRDS-----------------
Mineral Resources Data System
CCB___________________________
Coal Ash Structural Fills (CCB) Listing
EDR HIGH RISK HISTORICAL RECORDS
EDR Exclusive Records
EDR MGP_____________________ EDR Proprietary Manufactured Gas Plants
EDR Hist Auto ----------------- EDR Exclusive Historical Auto Stations
EDR Hist Cleaner_____________ EDR Exclusive Historical Cleaners
EDR RECOVERED GOVERNMENT ARCHIVES
Exclusive Recovered Govt. Archives
RGA HWS____________________ Recovered Government Archive State Hazardous Waste Facilities List
RGA LF_______________________ Recovered Government Archive Solid Waste Facilities List
RGA LUST____________________ Recovered Government Archive Leaking Underground Storage Tank
R1117Y0DPU71ki[ej&iIII 11*15I&Wn1Ya7I&I
Surrounding sites were not identified.
Unmappable (orphan) sites are not considered in the foregoing analysis.
TC6288552.2s EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Due to poor or inadequate address information, the following sites were not mapped. Count: 1 records.
Site Name
LEE COUNTY LF
Database(s)
M
TC6288552.2s EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 7

OVERVIEW MAP - 6288552.2S
Target Property
A
Sites at elevations higher than
or equal to the target property
♦
Sites at elevations lower than
the target property
1
Manufactured Gas Plants
National Priority List Sites
Dept. Defense Sites
0 1/4 1/2 1 Mlles
Indian Reservations BIA Hazardous Substance
0V Pipelines Disposal Sites
M Special Flood Hazard Area (1%)
El0.2% Annual Chance Flood Hazard
ElNational Wetland Inventory
El State Wetlands
This report includes Interactive Map Layers to
display and/or hide map information. The
legend includes only those icons for the
default map view.
SITE NAME: Crane Mitigation Site
CLIENT: Restoration Systems, LLC
ADDRESS: 3646 ROCKY FORK CHURCH RD
CONTACT: JD Hamby
Sanford NC 27332
INQUIRY #: 6288552.2s
LAT/LONG: 35.366311 / 79.223454
DATE: December 03, 2020 2:15 pm
Copyright �o 2020 EDR, Inc. (,) 2015 TonnTom Rai. 2015.

DETAIL MAP - 6288552.2S
Target Property
A
Sites at elevations higher than
or equal to the target property
♦
Sites at elevations lower than
the target property
1
Manufactured Gas Plants
i
Sensitive Receptors
National Priority List Sites
Dept. Defense Sites
0 1 /16 1 /B 1 /4 Mlles
Indian Reservations BIA Hazardous Substance
d \i Pipelines Disposal Sites
ElNational Wetland Inventory
El State Wetlands
This report includes Interactive Map Layers to
display and/or hide map information. The
legend includes only those icons for the
default map view.
SITE NAME: Crane Mitigation Site
CLIENT: Restoration Systems, LLC
ADDRESS: 3646 ROCKY FORK CHURCH RD
CONTACT: JD Hamby
Sanford NC 27332
INQUIRY #: 6288552.2s
LAT/LONG: 35.366311 / 79.223454
DATE: December 03, 2020 2:16 pm
Copyright �o 2020 EDR, Inc.(,) 2015 Tom Tom Rel. 2015.

® NORTH CAROLINA WILDLIFE RESOURCES COMMISSION
Cameron Ingram, Executive Director
December 9, 2020
Mr. JD Hamby
Restoration Systems, Inc.
1101 Haynes Street, Suite 211
Raleigh, NC 27604
Subject: Request for Environmental Information for Cane Stream and Wetland Mitigation Project, Lee
County, North Carolina.
Dear Mr. Hamby,
Biologists with the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission (NCWRC) have reviewed the
proposed project description. Comments are provided in accordance with certain provisions of the Clean
Water Act of 1977 (as amended), Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act (48 Stat. 401, as amended; 16
U. S. C. 661-667e) and North Carolina General Statutes (G. S. 113 -131 et seq. ).
Restoration Systems, Inc. has developed the Cane Stream and Wetland Mitigation Site. The project will
restore stream channels and riparian wetlands in existing cattle pastures and forested areas. The project
footprint is 16.2 acres. The prof ect area is located along Rocky Fork Church Road, northeast of its
intersection with US Highway 1, southwest of Sanford.
The project area drains to Little Cane Creek in the Cape Fear River basin. Stream restoration projects
often improve water quality and aquatic habitat. Establishing native, forested buffers in riparian areas
will improve both aquatic and terrestrial habitats and provide a travel corridor for wildlife species.
In addition to stringent best management practices for erosion and sediment control during construction,
the NCWRC recommends the use of biodegradable and wildlife -friendly sediment and erosion control
devices. Silt fencing, fiber rolls and/or other products should have loose -weave netting that is made of
natural fiber materials with movable joints between the vertical and horizontal twines. Silt fencing and
similar products that have been reinforced with plastic or metal mesh should be avoided as they impede
the movement of terrestrial wildlife species. Excessive silt and sediment loads can have detrimental
effects on aquatic resources including destruction of spawning habitat, suffocation of eggs and clogging
of gills. Any invasive plant species found onsite should be removed.
Thank you for the opportunity to review and comment on this project. If I can be of further assistance,
please contact me at [phone] or gabriela.garrison(a(ncwildlife.org.
Mailing Address: N.C. Wildlife Resources Commission • 1701 Mail Service Center • Raleigh, NC 27699-1701
Telephone: [phone] • ncwildlife.org

Page 2
December9,2020
ScopingCane Creek Mitigation Site
Sincerely,
Gabriela Garrison
Eastern Piedmont Habitat Conservation Coordinator
Habitat Conservation Program

� STH7� 4
North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources
State Historic Preservation Office
Ramona M. Bartos, Administrator
Governor Roy Cooper
Secretary Susi H. Hamilton
September 29, 2020
Office of Archives and History
Deputy Secretary Kevin Cherry
John Hamby [e-mail]
Restoration Systems, LLC
1101 Haynes Street, Suite 211
Raleigh, NC 27604
Re: Crane stream and wetland mitigation project, 6200 Rocky Fork Church Road, Sanford, Lee County,
ER 20-1889
Dear Mr. Hamby:
Thank you for your letter of August 26, 2020, regarding the above -referenced undertaking. We have
reviewed the submittal and offer the following comments.
We have conducted a review of the project and are aware of no historic resources which would be affected
by the project. Therefore, we have no comment on the project as proposed.
The above comments are made pursuant to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and the
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation's Regulations for Compliance with Section 106 codified at 36
CFR Part 800.
Thank you for your cooperation and consideration. If you have questions concerning the above comment,
contact Renee Gledhill -Earley, environmental review coordinator, at 919-814-6579
or [e-mail]. In all future communication concerning this project, please cite the
above referenced tracking number.
Sincerely,
Ramona Bartos, Deputy
State Historic Preservation Officer
Location: 109 East Jones Street, Raleigh NC 27601 Mailing Address: 4617 Mail Service Center, Raleigh NC 27699-4617 Telephone/Fax [phone]-6598

December V, 2020
William Cole
3646 Rocky Fork Church Rd.
Sanford, NC 27332
Dear Mr. Cole:
The purpose of this letter is to notify you that Restoration Systems, LLC, in offering to
purchase your property in Lee County, North Carolina, does not have the power to acquire it by
eminent domain. Also, Restoration Systems' offer to purchase your property is based on what we
believe to be its fair market.
If you have any questions, please feel free to call me at 919-274-2419.
Sincerely,
W A, �`
JD Hamby
Project Manager

ex
hSai k 4YYFJiYJft
United States Department of the Interior AWMWT
FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
Raleigh Ecological Services Field Office
Post Office Box 33726
Raleigh, NC 27636-3726
Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone]
In Reply Refer To: December 08, 2020
Consultation Code: 04EN2000-2020-SLI-1737
Event Code: 04EN2000-2021-E-00724
Project Name: Crane
Subject: Updated list of threatened and endangered species that may occur in your proposed
project location, and/or may be affected by your proposed project
To Whom It May Concern:
The species list generated pursuant to the information you provided identifies threatened,
endangered, proposed and candidate species, as well as proposed and final designated critical
habitat, that may occur within the boundary of your proposed project and/or may be affected by
your proposed project. The species list fulfills the requirements of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service (Service) under section 7(c) of the Endangered Species Act (Act) of 1973, as amended
(16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.).
New information based on updated surveys, changes in the abundance and distribution of
species, changed habitat conditions, or other factors could change this list. Please feel free to
contact us if you need more current information or assistance regarding the potential impacts to
federally proposed, listed, and candidate species and federally designated and proposed critical
habitat. Please note that under 50 CFR 402.12(e) of the regulations implementing section 7 of the
Act, the accuracy of this species list should be verified after 90 days. This verification can be
completed formally or informally as desired. The Service recommends that verification be
completed by visiting the ECOS-IPaC website at regular intervals during project planning and
implementation for updates to species lists and information. An updated list may be requested
through the ECOS-IPaC system by completing the same process used to receive the enclosed list.
Section 7 of the Act requires that all federal agencies (or their designated non-federal
representative), in consultation with the Service, insure that any action federally authorized,
funded, or carried out by such agencies is not likely to jeopardize the continued existence of any
federally -listed endangered or threatened species. A biological assessment or evaluation may be
prepared to fulfill that requirement and in determining whether additional consultation with the
Service is necessary. In addition to the federally -protected species list, information on the
species' life histories and habitats and information on completing a biological assessment or

12/08/2020 Event Code: 04EN2000-2021-E-00724
evaluation and can be found on our web page at http://www.fws.gov/raleigh. Please check the
web site often for updated information or changes
If your project contains suitable habitat for any of the federally -listed species known to be
present within the county where your project occurs, the proposed action has the potential to
adversely affect those species. As such, we recommend that surveys be conducted to determine
the species' presence or absence within the project area. The use of North Carolina Natural
Heritage program data should not be substituted for actual field surveys.
If you determine that the proposed action may affect (i.e., likely to adversely affect or not likely
to adversely affect) a federally -protected species, you should notify this office with your
determination, the results of your surveys, survey methodologies, and an analysis of the effects
of the action on listed species, including consideration of direct, indirect, and cumulative effects,
before conducting any activities that might affect the species. If you determine that the proposed
action will have no effect (i.e., no beneficial or adverse, direct or indirect effect) on federally
listed species, then you are not required to contact our office for concurrence (unless an
Environmental Impact Statement is prepared). However, you should maintain a complete record
of the assessment, including steps leading to your determination of effect, the qualified personnel
conducting the assessment, habitat conditions, site photographs, and any other related articles.
Please be aware that bald and golden eagles are protected under the Bald and Golden Eagle
Protection Act (16 U.S.C. 668 et seq.), and projects affecting these species may require
development of an eagle conservation plan (http://www.fws.gov/windenergy/
eagle_guidance.html). Additionally, wind energy projects should follow the wind energy
guidelines (http://www.fws.gov/windenergy/) for minimizing impacts to migratory birds and
bats.
Guidance for minimizing impacts to migratory birds for projects including communications
towers (e.g., cellular, digital television, radio, and emergency broadcast) can be found at: http://
www.fws.gov/migratorybirds/CurrentBirdlssues/Hazards/towers/towers.htm; http://
www.towerkill.com; and http://www.fws.gov/migratory birds/CurrentBirdlssues/Hazards/towers/
comtow.html.
Not all Threatened and Endangered Species that occur in North Carolina are subject to section 7
consultation with the U.S Fish and Wildlife Service. Atlantic and shortnose sturgeon, sea
turtles,when in the water, and certain marine mammals are under purview of the National Marine
Fisheries Service. If your project occurs in marine, estuarine, or coastal river systems you should
also contact the National Marine Fisheries Service, http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/
We appreciate your concern for threatened and endangered species. The Service encourages
Federal agencies to include conservation of threatened and endangered species into their project
planning to further the purposes of the Act. Please include the Consultation Tracking Number in
the header of this letter with any request for consultation or correspondence about your project
that you submit to our office. If you have any questions or comments, please contact John Ellis
of this office at [e-mail].

12/08/2020 Event Code: 04EN2000-2021-E-00724
Attachment(s):
• Official Species List

12/08/2020 Event Code: 04EN2000-2021-E-00724
Official Species List
This list is provided pursuant to Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act, and fulfills the
requirement for Federal agencies to "request of the Secretary of the Interior information whether
any species which is listed or proposed to be listed may be present in the area of a proposed
action".
This species list is provided by:
Raleigh Ecological Services Field Office
Post Office Box 33726
Raleigh, NC 27636-3726
[phone]

12/08/2020 Event Code: 04EN2000-2021-E-00724 2
Project Summary
Consultation Code: 04EN2000-2020-SLI-1737
Event Code: 04EN2000-2021-E-00724
Project Name: Crane
Project Type: LAND - RESTORATION / ENHANCEMENT
Project Description: Stream and wetland restoration project in the Cape Fear 04
Project Location:
Approximate location of the project can be viewed in Google Maps: https:
www.google.com/maps/place/35.36772340480005N79.22330072907249W
xJA er
Counties: Lee, NC

12/08/2020 Event Code: 04EN2000-2021-E-00724 3
Endangered Species Act Species
There is a total of 1 threatened, endangered, or candidate species on this species list.
Species on this list should be considered in an effects analysis for your project and could include
species that exist in another geographic area. For example, certain fish may appear on the species
list because a project could affect downstream species.
IPaC does not display listed species or critical habitats under the sole jurisdiction of NOAA
Fisheriesi, as USFWS does not have the authority to speak on behalf of NOAA and the
Department of Commerce.
See the "Critical habitats" section below for those critical habitats that lie wholly or partially
within your project area under this office's jurisdiction. Please contact the designated FWS office
if you have questions.
NOAA Fisheries, also known as the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), is an
office of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration within the Department of
Commerce.
Flowering Plants
NAM L STATUS
Harperella Ptilimnium nodosum Endangered
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
Species profile: https:Hecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/3739
Critical habitats
THERE ARE NO CRITICAL HABITATS WITHIN YOUR PROJECT AREA UNDER THIS OFFICE'S
JURISDICTION.

United States Department of the
FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
Raleigh Field Office
P.O. Box 33726
Raleigh, NC 27636-3726
Date: 1 2/1 /2020
Self -Certification Letter
Project Name
Crane
Dear Applicant:
Fasu a w><�nurc
Si:HV I('E
Interior
i
Thank you for using the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) Raleigh Ecological
Services online project review process. By printing this letter in conjunction with your
project review package, you are certifying that you have completed the online project
review process for the project named above in accordance with all instructions
provided, using the best available information to reach your conclusions. This letter,
and the enclosed project review package, completes the review of your project in
accordance with the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531-1544, 87 Stat.
884), as amended (ESA), and the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (16 U.S.C.
668-668c, 54 Stat. 250), as amended (Eagle Act). This letter also provides
information for your project review under the National Environmental Policy Act of
1969 (P.L. 91-190, 42 U.S.C. 4321-4347, 83 Stat. 852), as amended. A copy of this
letter and the project review package must be submitted to this office for this
certification to be valid. This letter and the project review package will be maintained
in our records.
The species conclusions table in the enclosed project review package summarizes
your ESA and Eagle Act conclusions. Based on your analysis, mark all the
determinations that apply:
❑,.no effect" determinations for proposed/listed species and/or
✓ proposed/designated critical habitat; and/or
❑ "may affect, not likely to adversely affect" determinations for proposed/listed
species and/or proposed/designated critical habitat; and/or
❑ "may affect, likely to adversely affect" determination for the Northern long-
eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis) and relying on the findings of the January 5,
2016, Programmatic Biological Opinion for the Final 4(d) Rule on the
Northern long-eared bat;
0 "no Eagle Act permit required" determinations for eagles.

Applicant Page 2
We certify that use of the online project review process in strict accordance with the
instructions provided as documented in the enclosed project review package results in
reaching the appropriate determinations. Therefore, we concur with the "no effect" or
,.not likely to adversely affect" determinations for proposed and listed species and
proposed and designated critical habitat; the "may affect" determination for Northern
long-eared bat; and/or the "no Eagle Act permit required" determinations for eagles.
Additional coordination with this office is not needed. Candidate species are not
legally protected pursuant to the ESA. However, the Service encourages consideration
of these species by avoiding adverse impacts to them. Please contact this office for
additional coordination if your project action area contains candidate species.
Should project plans change or if additional information on the distribution of
proposed or listed species, proposed or designated critical habitat, or bald eagles
becomes available, this determination may be reconsidered. This certification letter is
valid for 1 year. Information about the online project review process including
instructions, species information, and other information regarding project reviews
within North Carolina is available at our website http://www.fws.gov/raleigh/pp.html.
If you have any questions, you can write to us at RaleighAfws.gov or please contact
Leigh Mann of this office at 919-856-4520, ext. 10.
Sincerely,
/s/Pete Benjamin
Pete Benjamin
Field Supervisor
Raleigh Ecological Services
Enclosures - project review package

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From:
Wells, Emily N
To:
John Hamby
Cc:
Mann. Leiah
Subject:
Re: DUE DATE: JANUARY 7, 2021 Fw: [EXTERNAL] Crane Mitigation Site
Date:
Monday, December 14, 2020 12:41:25 PM
Hi John,
We do not have any further comments and would concur with your self -certification.
Thank you,
Emily
Please note that our Office Phone System is currently not functional, and will not be until
replaced. Email is the best way to reach me.
Thank you!
Emily Wells
USFWS Fish and Wildlife Biologist
Raleigh Ecological Services Field Office
551-F Pylon Drive
Raleigh, North Carolina 27606
Office # 919-856-4520 x25
Fax # [phone]
Mailing Address:
P.O. Box 33726
Raleigh, North Carolina 27636-3726
From: Mann, Leigh <[e-mail]> on behalf of Raleigh, FW4 <[e-mail]>
Sent: Monday, December 14, 2020 10:43 AM
To: Wells, Emily N <[e-mail]>
Subject: DUE DATE: JANUARY 7, 2021 Fw: [EXTERNAL] Crane Mitigation Site
From: John Hamby <[e-mail]>
Sent: Wednesday, December 9, 2020 3:26 PM
To: Raleigh, FW4 <[e-mail]>
Subject: [EXTERNAL] Crane Mitigation Site
I I This email has been received from outside of DOI - Use caution before clicking on I I

United States Department of the Interior
FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
Raleigh ES Field Office
551-F Pylon Drive
Raleigh, North Carolina 27606
October 19, 2020
Kim Browning
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Wilmington District
Mitigation Field Office
3331 Heritage Trade Drive, Suite 105
Wake Forest, NC 27587
Re: NCDMS Crane Mitigation Site / SAW-2020-01401/ Lee County
Dear Mrs. Browning:
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) has reviewed the project advertised in the above
referenced Public Notice. The project, as advertised in the Public Notice, is expected to have
minimal adverse impacts to fish and wildlife resources. Therefore, we have no objection to the
activity as described in the permit application.
In accordance with the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended, (ESA) and based on the
information provided, and other available information, it appears the action is not likely to
adversely affect federally listed species or their critical habitat as defined by the ESA. We believe
that the requirements of section 7 (a)(2) of the ESA have been satisfied for this project. Please
remember that obligations under the ESA must be reconsidered if: (1) new information identifies
impacts of this action that may affect listed species or critical habitat in a manner not previously
considered; (2) this action is modified in a manner that was not considered in this review; or, (3) a
new species is listed or critical habitat determined that may be affected by the identified action.
For your convenience a list of all federally protected endangered and threatened species in North
Carolina is now available on our website at <http://www.fws.gov/raleigh>. Our web page contains
a complete and updated list of federally protected species, and a list of federal species of concern
known to occur in each county in North Carolina.
The Service appreciates the opportunity to review and provide comments on the proposed action.
Should you have any questions regarding the project, please contact Emily Wells at [phone],
extension 25.
Sincerely,
For Pete Benjamin,
Field Supervisor
cc: NMFS, Beaufort, NC
EPA, Atlanta, GA
WRC, Raleigh

From:
Cortes, Milton - NRCS, Raleigh, NC
To:
John Hambv
Subject:
RE: AD-1006 Form
Date:
Tuesday, November 24, 2020 2:37:24 PM
Attachments:
imaae005.pna
imaae002.pna
AD-1006 Crane Mitigation Site.odf
Importance:
High
Ok John
Thank you for the map.
Please, find attached the Farmland conversion Impact Rating evaluation for the Crane
Mitigation Site, Lee county, NC.
If I cane be of further assistance please let me know.
Best regards
Milton Cortes
State Soil Scientist
Raleigh, North Carolina State Office
Natural Resources Conservation Service
United States Department of Agriculture
Office: 919-873-2171
Cell: 984-365-2201
Milton. Cortes&usda.gov
USDA.
1
NRCS NC: https://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/site/nc/home/
Web Soil Survey: https://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov/app/
NRCS Mission —We deliver conservation solutions so agricultural producers can protect natural
resources and feed a growing world.
NRCS Vision — A world of clean and abundant water, healthy soils, resilient landscapes, and thriving
communities through voluntary conservation.
From: John Hamby <[e-mail]>
Sent: Tuesday, November 24, 2020 2:16 PM
To: Cortes, Milton - NRCS, Raleigh, NC <[e-mail]>
Subject: RE: AD-1006 Form
Milton,
Thank you for bring that to my attention. I used the Web Soil Survey Tool to create the map and
acres inventory that is attached as a PDF.

U.S. Department of Agriculture
FARMLAND CONVERSION IMPACT RATING
PART I (To be completed by Federal Agency) Date Of Land Evaluation Request 9/18/20
Name Of Project Crane Mitigation Site Federal Agency Involved Federal Highway Administration
Proposed Land Use Stream and Wetland Restoration County And State Lee County, NC
PART II (To be completed by NRCS) Date Request Received By NRCS
Does the site contain prime, unique, statewide or local important farmland? Yes No
(If no, the FPPA does not apply -- do not complete additional parts of this form). 0 ❑
Acres Irrigated
none
Average Farm Size
159 acres
Major Crop(s)
CORN
Farmable Land In Govt. Jurisdiction
Acres: 129,310 acres % 78
Amount Of Farmland As Defined in FPPA
Acres: 110,418 acres % 71
Name Of Land Evaluation System Used
Lee County, NC LESA
Name Of Local Site Assessment System
N/A
Date Land Evaluation Returned By NRCS
November 24, 2020 by eMail
PART III (To be completed by Federal Agency)
Alternative Site Rating
Site A
Site B
Site C
Site D
A. Total Acres To Be Converted Directly
19.8
B. Total Acres To Be Converted Indirectly
0.3
C. Total Acres In Site
20.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
PART IV (To be completed by NRCS) Land Evaluation Information
A. Total Acres Prime And Unique Farmland
11.8
B. Total Acres Statewide And Local Important Farmland
0.8
C. Percentage Of Farmland In County Or Local Govt. Unit To Be Converted
0.0114
D. Percentage Of Farmland In Govt. Jurisdiction With Same Or Higher Relative Value
73.6
PART V (To be completed by NRCS) Land Evaluation Criterion
Relative Value Of Farmland To Be Converted (Scale of 0 to 100 Points)
48
0
0
0
PART VI (To be completed by Federal Agency)
Site Assessment Criteria (These criteria are explained in 7 CFR 658.5(b)
Maximum
Points
1. Area In Nonurban Use
15
15
2. Perimeter In Nonurban Use
10
10
3. Percent Of Site Being Farmed
20
19
4. Protection Provided By State And Local Government
20
0
5. Distance From Urban Builtup Area
15
15
6. Distance To Urban Support Services
15
9
7. Size Of Present Farm Unit Compared To Average
10
5
8. Creation Of Nonfarmable Farmland
10
0
9. Availability Of Farm Support Services
5
5
10. On -Farm Investments
20
5
11. Effects Of Conversion On Farm Support Services
10
0
12. Compatibility With Existing Agricultural Use
10
1
TOTAL SITE ASSESSMENT POINTS
160
84
0
0
0
PART VII (To be completed by Federal Agency)
Relative Value Of Farmland (From Part V)
100
48
0
0
0
Total Site Assessment (From Part VI above or a local
site assessment)
160
84
0
0
0
TOTAL POINTS (Total of above 2lines)
260
132
0
0
0
Site Selected:
7DateOf Selection
Was A Local Site Assessment Used?
Yes ❑ No E3
Reason For Selection:
(See Instructions on reverse side) Form AD-1006 (10-83)
This form was electronically produced by National Production Services Staff

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Custom Soil Resource Report
Map Unit Legend
Map Unit Symbol
Map Unit Name
Acres in AOI
Percent of AOI
BaB
Blaney loamy sand, 2 to 8
percent slopes
0.8
4.2%
GhB
Gilead loamy sand, 2 to 8
percent slopes
11.8
59.2%
Wn
Wehadkee fine sandy loam, 0
to 2 percent slopes,
frequently flooded
7.3
36.6%
Totals for Area of Interest
19.9
100.0%
Map Unit Descriptions
The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps in a soil survey represent the
soils or miscellaneous areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions, along
with the maps, can be used to determine the composition and properties of a unit.
A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an area dominated by one or more
major kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and named
according to the taxonomic classification of the dominant soils. Within a taxonomic
class there are precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils. On the
landscape, however, the soils are natural phenomena, and they have the
characteristic variability of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of some
observed properties may extend beyond the limits defined for a taxonomic class.
Areas of soils of a single taxonomic class rarely, if ever, can be mapped without
including areas of other taxonomic classes. Consequently, every map unit is made
up of the soils or miscellaneous areas for which it is named and some minor
components that belong to taxonomic classes other than those of the major soils.
Most minor soils have properties similar to those of the dominant soil or soils in the
map unit, and thus they do not affect use and management. These are called
noncontrasting, or similar, components. They may or may not be mentioned in a
particular map unit description. Other minor components, however, have properties
and behavioral characteristics divergent enough to affect use or to require different
management. These are called contrasting, or dissimilar, components. They
generally are in small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the
scale used. Some small areas of strongly contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas
are identified by a special symbol on the maps. If included in the database for a
given area, the contrasting minor components are identified in the map unit
descriptions along with some characteristics of each. A few areas of minor
components may not have been observed, and consequently they are not
mentioned in the descriptions, especially where the pattern was so complex that it
was impractical to make enough observations to identify all the soils and
miscellaneous areas on the landscape.
The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the
usefulness or accuracy of the data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate
pure taxonomic classes but rather to separate the landscape into landforms or
11

Custom Soil Resource Report
landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. The
delineation of such segments on the map provides sufficient information for the
development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, however,
onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous
areas.
An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions.
Each description includes general facts about the unit and gives important soil
properties and qualities.
Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. Except for
differences in texture of the surface layer, all the soils of a series have major
horizons that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement.
Soils of one series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, stoniness,
salinity, degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use. On the
basis of such differences, a soil series is divided into soil phases. Most of the areas
shown on the detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The name of a soil phase
commonly indicates a feature that affects use or management. For example, Alpha
silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is a phase of the Alpha series.
Some map units are made up of two or more major soils or miscellaneous areas.
These map units are complexes, associations, or undifferentiated groups.
A complex consists of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate
pattern or in such small areas that they cannot be shown separately on the maps.
The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar
in all areas. Alpha -Beta complex, 0 to 6 percent slopes, is an example.
An association is made up of two or more geographically associated soils or
miscellaneous areas that are shown as one unit on the maps. Because of present
or anticipated uses of the map units in the survey area, it was not considered
practical or necessary to map the soils or miscellaneous areas separately. The
pattern and relative proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat
similar. Alpha -Beta association, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example.
An undifferentiated group is made up of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas
that could be mapped individually but are mapped as one unit because similar
interpretations can be made for use and management. The pattern and proportion
of the soils or miscellaneous areas in a mapped area are not uniform. An area can
be made up of only one of the major soils or miscellaneous areas, or it can be made
up of all of them. Alpha and Beta soils, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example.
Some surveys include miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil
material and support little or no vegetation. Rock outcrop is an example.
12

Custom Soil Resource Report
Lee County, North Carolina
BaB—Blaney loamy sand, 2 to 8 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: 3t5n
Elevation: 160 to 660 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 38 to 52 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 61 to 70 degrees F
Frost -free period: 210 to 245 days
Farmland classification: Farmland of statewide importance
Map Unit Composition
Blaney and similar soils: 90 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Blaney
Setting
Landform: Low hills
Landform position (two-dimensional): Summit
Landform position (three-dimensional): Crest
Down -slope shape: Convex
Across -slope shape: Convex
Parent material: Sandy and loamy marine deposits
Typical profile
A - 0 to 4 inches: loamy sand
E - 4 to 25 inches: loamy sand
Bt - 25 to 62 inches: sandy clay loam
C - 62 to 80 inches: loamy coarse sand
Properties and qualities
Slope: 2 to 8 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: Medium
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high (0.20
to 0.57 in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water capacity: Low (about 4.0 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 3s
Hydrologic Soil Group: C
Ecological site: F137XY002GA - Loamy Summit Woodland - PROVISIONAL
Hydric soil rating: No
13

Custom Soil Resource Report
GhB—Gilead loamy sand, 2 to 8 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol. 3t62
Elevation: 160 to 660 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 38 to 52 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 61 to 70 degrees F
Frost -free period: 210 to 245 days
Farmland classification: All areas are prime farmland
Map Unit Composition
Gilead and similar soils: 90 percent
Minor components: 5 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Gilead
Setting
Landform: Low hills
Landform position (two-dimensional): Summit
Landform position (three-dimensional): Crest
Down -slope shape: Convex
Across -slope shape: Convex
Parent material: Loamy and clayey marine deposits
Typical profile
Ap - 0 to 5 inches: loamy sand
Bt1 - 5 to 8 inches: sandy loam
Bt2 - 8 to 42 inches: sandy clay
Bt3 - 42 to 52 inches: sandy clay loam
C1 - 52 to 76 inches: clay
C2 - 76 to 80 inches: gravelly sand
Properties and qualities
Slope: 2 to 8 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Moderately well drained
Runoff class: Medium
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Very low to moderately
high (0.00 to 0.57 in/hr)
Depth to water table: About 18 to 30 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water capacity: Moderate (about 7.9 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 2e
Hydrologic Soil Group: C
Hydric soil rating: No
14

Custom Soil Resource Report
Minor Components
Bibb, undrained
Percent of map unit: 3 percent
Landform: Flood plains
Landform position (two-dimensional): Toeslope
Down -slope shape: Concave
Across -slope shape: Linear
Hydric soil rating: Yes
Johnston, undrained
Percent of map unit: 2 percent
Landform: Flood plains
Down -slope shape: Concave
Across -slope shape: Linear
Hydric soil rating: Yes
Wn—Wehadkee fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently
flooded
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: 2mz42
Elevation: 160 to 660 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 38 to 52 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 61 to 70 degrees F
Frost -free period: 210 to 245 days
Farmland classification: Not prime farmland
Map Unit Composition
Wehadkee, undrained, and similar soils: 80 percent
Wehadkee, drained, and similar soils: 10 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Wehadkee, Undrained
Setting
Landform: Depressions on flood plains
Down -slope shape: Concave
Across -slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Loamy alluvium
Typical profile
A - 0 to 7 inches: fine sandy loam
Bg - 7 to 58 inches: loam
Cg - 58 to 84 inches: sandy loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 0 to 2 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Poorly drained
15

Custom Soil Resource Report
Runoff class: Very high
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high
(0.57 to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: About 0 to 12 inches
Frequency of flooding: FrequentNone
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water capacity: High (about 10.4 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 6w
Hydrologic Soil Group: B/D
Hydric soil rating: Yes
Description of Wehadkee, Drained
Setting
Landform: Depressions on flood plains
Down -slope shape: Concave
Across -slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Loamy alluvium
Typical profile
A - 0 to 7 inches: fine sandy loam
Bg - 7 to 58 inches: loam
Cg - 58 to 84 inches: sandy loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 0 to 2 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Poorly drained
Runoff class: Very high
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high
(0.57 to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: About 0 to 12 inches
Frequency of flooding: FrequentNone
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water capacity: High (about 10.4 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 4w
Hydrologic Soil Group: B/D
Hydric soil rating: Yes
it.

APPENDIX F. FEMA COORDINATION
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) Appendices
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

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APPENDIX G. FINANCIAL ASSURANCES
Pursuant to Section IV H and Appendix III of the NCDEQ DMS (formerly Ecosystem Enhancement Program)
In -Lieu Fee Instrument dated July 28, 2010, the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
(NCDEQ) has provided the USACE-Wilmington District with a formal commitment to fund projects to
satisfy mitigation requirements assumed by NCDEQ DMS. This commitment provides financial assurance
for all mitigation projects implemented by the program.
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) Appendices
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

APPENDIX H. SITE PROTECTION INSTRUMENT
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) Appendices
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

BK 1634 PG 0665
Excise Tax $1,107.00
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
LEE COUNTY
SPO File Number: 53-AA
DMS Project Number: 100165
Prepared by: Office of the Attorney General
Property Control Section
Return to: NC Department of Administration
State Property Office
1321 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1321
FILED ELECTRONICALLY
LEE COUNTY NC
PAMELA G. BRITT
REGISTER OF DEEDS
----------------------
----------------------
FILED Jun 22, 2021
AT 12:16:50 PM
BOOK 01634
START PAGE 0665
END PAGE 0676
INSTRUMENT # 05082
EXCISE TAX $1,107.00
DEED OF CONSERVATION EASEMENT
AND RIGHT OF ACCESS PROVIDED
PURSUANT TO
FULL DELIVERY
MITIGATION CONTRACT
THIS DEED OF CONSERVATION EASEMENT AND RIGHT OF ACCESS, made
this '27 day of June, 2021, by William E. Cole, and wife, Joyce T. Cole (collectively
"Grantor"), whose mailing address is 3646 Rocky Fork Church Road, Sanford, NC 27330, to the
State of North Carolina, ("Grantee"), whose mailing address is State of North Carolina,
Department of Administration, State Property Office, 1321 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC
27699-1321. The designations of Grantor and Grantee as used herein shall include said parties,
their heirs, successors, and assigns, and shall include singular, plural, masculine, feminine, or
neuter as required by context.
WHEREAS, pursuant to the provisions of N.C. Gen. Stat. § 143-214.8 et seq,. the State of
North Carolina has established the Division of Mitigation Services (formerly known as the
Ecosystem Enhancement Program and Wetlands Restoration Program) within the Department of
Environmental Quality (formerly Department of Environment and Natural Resources), for the
purposes of acquiring, maintaining, restoring, enhancing, creating and preserving wetland and
riparian resources that contribute to the protection and improvement of water quality, flood
prevention, fisheries, aquatic habitat, wildlife habitat, and recreational opportunities; and
NCDMS Full Delivery Conservation Easement Template AG reviewed 11 May 2017
submitted electronically by "Manning Fulton & skinner, P.A."
3460& in compliance with North Carolina statutes governing recordable documents
and the terms of the submitter agreement with the Lee county Register of Deeds.

BK 1634 PG 0666
WHEREAS, this Conservation Easement from Grantor to Grantee has been negotiated,
arranged and provided for as a condition of a full delivery contract between Restoration Systems,
LLC, a North Carolina limited liability company, 1101 Hayes Street, Suite 211, Raleigh, NC
27604, and the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality, to provide stream, wetland
and/or buffer mitigation pursuant to the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
Purchase and Services Contract Number 0302-01.
WHEREAS, The State of North Carolina is qualified to be the Grantee of a Conservation
Easement pursuant to N.C. Gen. Stat. § 121-35; and
WHEREAS, the Department of Environment and Natural Resources and the United States
Army Corps of Engineers, Wilmington District entered into a Memorandum of Understanding,
(MOU) duly executed by all parties on November 4, 1998. This MOU recognized that the
Wetlands Restoration Program was to provide effective compensatory mitigation for authorized
impacts to wetlands, streams and other aquatic resources by restoring, enhancing and preserving
the wetland and riparian areas of the State; and
WHEREAS, the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, the North Carolina
Department of Transportation and the United States Army Corps of Engineers, Wilmington
District entered into a Memorandum of Agreement, (MOA) duly executed by all parties in
Greensboro, NC on July 22, 2003, which recognizes that the Division of Mitigation Services
(formerly Ecosystem Enhancement Program) is to provide for compensatory mitigation by
effective protection of the land, water and natural resources of the State by restoring, enhancing
and preserving ecosystem functions; and
WHEREAS, the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, the U.S. Army Corps
of Engineers, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the
North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, the North Carolina Division of Water Quality,
the North Carolina Division of Coastal Management, and the National Marine Fisheries Service
entered into an agreement to continue the In -Lieu Fee operations of the North Carolina Department
of Natural Resources' Division of Mitigation Services (formerly Ecosystem Enhancement
Program) with an effective date of 28 July, 2010, which supersedes and replaces the previously
effective MOA and MOU referenced above; and
WHEREAS, the acceptance of this instrument for and on behalf of the State of North
Carolina was granted to the Department of Administration by resolution as approved by the
Governor and Council of State adopted at a meeting held in the City of Raleigh, North Carolina,
on the 81h day of February 2000; and
WHEREAS, the Division of Mitigation Services in the Department of Environmental
Quality (formerly Department of Environment and Natural Resources), which has been delegated
the authority authorized by the Governor and Council of State to the Department of
Administration, has approved acceptance of this instrument; and
NCDMS Full Delivery Conservation Easement Template AG reviewed 11 May 2017
Page 2 of 12
3460859v4.MMB.26275.T29428

BK 1634 PG 0667
WHEREAS, Grantor owns in fee simple certain real property situated, lying, and being in
Greenwood Township, Lee County, North Carolina (the "Property"), and being more particularly
described as that certain parcel of land containing approximately 79.33 acres and being conveyed
to the Grantor by deeds as recorded in Deed Book 3751 at Page 751, Deed Book 286 at Page
532, and Deed Book 707 at Page 831 of the Lee County Registry, North Carolina; and
WHEREAS, Grantor is willing to grant a Conservation Easement and Right of Access
over the herein described areas of the Property, thereby restricting and limiting the use of the areas
of the Property subject to the Conservation Easement to the terms and conditions and purposes
hereinafter set forth, and Grantee is willing to accept said Easement and Access Rights. The
Conservation Easement shall be for the protection and benefit of the waters of Little Crane Creek.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants, terms, conditions, and
restrictions hereinafter set forth, Grantor unconditionally and irrevocably hereby grants and
conveys unto Grantee, its successors and assigns, forever and in perpetuity, a Conservation
Easement and Right of Access together with an access easement to and from the Conservation
Easement Area described below.
The Conservation Easement Area consists of the following:
BEING ALL of Conservation Easement Area 1 containing a total of approximately 23.34 acres
and Conservation Easement Area 2 containing approximately 4.32 acres for a total of 27.66 acres,
as shown on plat of survey titled "Conservation Easement for the State of North Carolina Division
of Mitigation Services, over a Portion of the Lands of William E. Cole and Wife, Joyce T. Cole,
Current Owners per D.B. 3751, Pg. 741, D.B. 286, Pg. 532, and D.B. 707, Pg. 831 (PIN Numbers
9538-37-3891, 9538-38-9217 & 9538-48-0960), DMS Project ID #100165, SPO Number 53-AA,
Crane, Greenwood Township, Lee County, North Carolina dated May 28, 2021, by John A.
Rudolph, PLS Number L-4194, K2 Design Group, and recorded in Plat Book 2021, Page 104,
Lee County Register of Deeds.
See attached "Exhibit A", Legal Description of area of the Property hereinafter referred to as the
"Conservation Easement Area"
The purposes of this Conservation Easement are to maintain, restore, enhance, construct,
create and preserve wetland and/or riparian resources in the Conservation Easement Area that
contribute to the protection and improvement of water quality, flood prevention, fisheries, aquatic
habitat, wildlife habitat, and recreational opportunities; to maintain permanently the Conservation
Easement Area in its natural condition, consistent with these purposes; and to prevent any use of
the Easement Area that will significantly impair or interfere with these purposes. To achieve these
purposes, the following conditions and restrictions are set forth:
I. DURATION OF EASEMENT
Pursuant to law, including the above referenced statutes, this Conservation Easement and
Right of Access shall be perpetual and it shall run with, and be a continuing restriction upon the
NCDMS Full Delivery Conservation Easement Template AG reviewed 11 May 2017
Page 3 of 12
3460859v4AMB.26275.T29428

BK 1634 PG 0668
use of, the Property, and it shall be enforceable by the Grantee against the Grantor and against
Grantor's heirs, successors and assigns, personal representatives, agents, lessees, and licensees.
II. ACCESS EASEMENT
Grantor hereby grants and conveys unto Grantee, its employees, agents, successors and assigns, a
perpetual, non-exclusive easement for ingress and egress over and upon the Property at all
reasonable times and at the location more particularly described on Exhibit A ("Access
Easement") attached hereto and incorporated herein by this reference, to access the Conservation
Easement Area for the purposes set forth herein. This grant of easement shall not vest any rights
in the public and shall not be construed as a public dedication of the Access Easement. Grantor
covenants, represents and warrants that it is the sole owner of and is seized of the property in fee
simple and has the right to grant and convey this Access Easement.
III. GRANTOR RESERVED USES AND RESTRICTED ACTIVITIES
The Conservation Easement Area shall be restricted from any development or usage that
would impair or interfere with the purposes of this Conservation Easement. Unless expressly
reserved as a compatible use herein, any activity in, or use of, the Conservation Easement Area by
the Grantor is prohibited as inconsistent with the purposes of this Conservation Easement. Any
rights not expressly reserved hereunder by the Grantor have been acquired by the Grantee. Any
rights not expressly reserved hereunder by the Grantor, including the rights to all mitigation
credits, including, but not limited to, stream, wetland, and riparian buffer mitigation units, derived
from each site within the area of the Conservation Easement, are conveyed to and belong to the
Grantee. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the following specific uses are
prohibited, restricted, or reserved as indicated:
A. Recreational Uses. Grantor expressly reserves the right to undeveloped recreational uses,
including hiking, bird watching, hunting and fishing, and access to the Conservation Easement
Area for the purposes thereof.
B. Motorized Vehicle Use. Motorized vehicle use in the Conservation Easement Area is
prohibited except within a Crossing Area(s) or Road or Trail as shown on the recorded survey plat.
C. Educational Uses. The Grantor reserves the right to engage in and permit others to engage
in educational uses in the Conservation Easement Area not inconsistent with this Conservation
Easement, and the right of access to the Conservation Easement Area for such purposes including
organized educational activities such as site visits and observations. Educational uses of the
property shall not alter vegetation, hydrology or topography of the site.
D. Damage to Vegetation. Except within Crossing Area(s) as shown on the recorded survey
plat and as related to the removal of non-native plants, diseased or damaged trees, or vegetation
that destabilizes or renders unsafe the Conservation Easement Area to persons or natural habitat,
all cutting, removal, mowing, harming, or destruction of any trees and vegetation in the
Conservation Easement Area is prohibited.
NCDMS Full Delivery Conservation Easement Template AG reviewed I I May 2017
Page 4 of 12
3460859v4.MMB.26275.T29428

BK 1634 PG 0669
E. Industrial, Residential and Commercial Uses. All industrial, residential and commercial
uses are prohibited in the Conservation Easement Area.
F. Agricultural Use. All agricultural uses are prohibited within the Conservation Easement
Area including any use for cropland, waste lagoons, or pastureland.
G. New Construction. There shall be no building, facility, mobile home, antenna, utility
pole, tower, or other structure constructed or placed in the Conservation Easement Area.
H. Roads and Trails. There shall be no construction or maintenance of new roads, trails,
walkways, or paving in the Conservation Easement.
All existing roads, trails and crossings within the Conservation Easement Area shall be shown on
the recorded survey plat.
I. Signs. No signs shall be permitted in the Conservation Easement Area except interpretive
signs describing restoration activities and the conservation values of the Conservation Easement
Area, signs identifying the owner of the Property and the holder of the Conservation Easement,
signs giving directions, or signs prescribing rules and regulations for the use of the Conservation
Easement Area.
J. Dumping or Storing. Dumping or storage of soil, trash, ashes, garbage, waste, abandoned
vehicles, appliances, machinery, or any other material in the Conservation Easement Area is
prohibited.
K. Grading, Mineral Use, Excavation, Dredging. There shall be no grading, filling,
excavation, dredging, mining, drilling, hydraulic fracturing; removal of topsoil, sand, gravel, rock,
peat, minerals, or other materials.
L. Water Quality and Drainage Patterns. There shall be no diking, draining, dredging,
channeling, filling, leveling, pumping, impounding or diverting, causing, allowing or permitting
the diversion of surface or underground water in the Conservation Easement Area. No altering or
tampering with water control structures or devices, or disruption or alteration of the restored,
enhanced, or created drainage patterns is allowed. All removal of wetlands, polluting or
discharging into waters, springs, seeps, or wetlands, or use of pesticide or biocides in the
Conservation Easement Area is prohibited. In the event of an emergency interruption or shortage
of all other water sources, water from within the Conservation Easement Area may temporarily be
withdrawn for good cause shown as needed for the survival of livestock on the Property.
M. Subdivision and Conveyance. Grantor voluntarily agrees that no further subdivision,
partitioning, or dividing of the Conservation Easement Area portion of the Property owned by the
Grantor in fee simple ("fee") that is subject to this Conservation Easement is allowed. Any future
transfer of the Property shall be subject to this Conservation Easement and Right of Access and to the
Grantee's right of unlimited and repeated ingress and egress over and across the Property to the
Conservation Easement Area for the purposes set forth herein.
NCDMS Full Delivery Conservation Easement Template AG reviewed 11 May 2017
Page 5 of 12
3460859v4.M54S.26275.T29428

BK 1634 PG 0670
N. Development Rights. All development rights are permanently removed from the
Conservation Easement Area and are non-transferrable.
O. Disturbance of Natural Features. Any change, disturbance, alteration or impairment of
the natural features of the Conservation Easement Area or any intentional introduction of non-
native plants, trees and/or animal species by Grantor is prohibited.
The Grantor may request permission to vary from the above restrictions for good cause
shown, provided that any such request is not inconsistent with the purposes of this Conservation
Easement, and the Grantor obtains advance written approval from the Division of Mitigation
Services, 1652 Mail Services Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1652.
IV. GRANTEE RESERVED USES
A. Right of Access, Construction, and Inspection. The Grantee, its employees, agents,
successors and assigns, shall have a perpetual Right of Access over and upon the Conservation
Easement Area to undertake or engage in any activities necessary to construct, maintain, manage,
enhance, repair, restore, protect, monitor and inspect the stream, wetland and any other riparian
resources in the Conservation Easement Area for the purposes set forth herein or any long-term
management plan for the Conservation Easement Area developed pursuant to this Conservation
Easement.
B. Restoration Activities. These activities include planting of trees, shrubs and herbaceous
vegetation, installation of monitoring wells, utilization of heavy equipment to grade, fill, and
prepare the soil, modification of the hydrology of the site, and installation of natural and manmade
materials as needed to direct in -stream, above ground, and subterraneous water flow.
C. Signs. The Grantee, its employees and agents, successors or assigns, shall be permitted to
place signs and witness posts on the Property to include any or all of the following describe the
project, prohibited activities within the Conservation Easement, or identify the project boundaries
and the holder of the Conservation Easement.
D. Fences. Conservation Easements are purchased to protect the investments by the State
(Grantee) in natural resources. Livestock within conservations easements damages the investment
and can result in reductions in natural resource value and mitigation credits which would cause
financial harm to the State. Therefore, Landowners (Grantor) with livestock are required to restrict
livestock access to the Conservation Easement area. Repeated failure to do so may result in the
State (Grantee) repairing or installing livestock exclusion devices (fences) within the conservation
area for the purpose of restricting livestock access. In such cases, the landowner (Grantor) must
provide access to the State (Grantee) to make repairs.
E. Crossing Area(s). The Grantee is not responsible for maintenance of crossing area(s),
however, the Grantee, its employees and agents, successors or assigns, reserve the right to repair
crossing area(s), at its sole discretion and to recover the cost of such repairs from the Grantor if
such repairs are needed as a result of activities of the Grantor, his successors or assigns.
NCDMS Full Delivery Conservation Easement Template AG reviewed 11 May 2017
Page 6 of 12
3460859v4.MMB.26275.T29428

BK 1634 PG 0671
V. ENFORCEMENT AND REMEDIES
A. Enforcement. To accomplish the purposes of this Conservation Easement, Grantee is
allowed to prevent any activity within the Conservation Easement Area that is inconsistent with
the purposes of this Conservation Easement and to require the restoration of such areas or features
in the Conservation Easement Area that may have been damaged by such unauthorized activity or
use. Upon any breach of the terms of this Conservation Easement by Grantor, the Grantee shall,
except as provided below, notify the Grantor in writing of such breach and the Grantor shall have
ninety (90) days after receipt of such notice to correct the damage caused by such breach. If the
breach and damage remains uncured after ninety (90) days, the Grantee may enforce this
Conservation Easement by bringing appropriate legal proceedings including an action to recover
damages, as well as injunctive and other relief. The Grantee shall also have the power and
authority, consistent with its statutory authority: (a) to prevent any impairment of the Conservation
Easement Area by acts which may be unlawful or in violation of this Conservation Easement; (b)
to otherwise preserve or protect its interest in the Property; or (c) to seek damages from any
appropriate person or entity. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Grantee reserves the immediate
right, without notice, to obtain a temporary restraining order, injunctive or other appropriate relief,
if the breach is or would irreversibly or otherwise materially impair the benefits to be derived from
this Conservation Easement, and the Grantor and Grantee acknowledge that the damage would be
irreparable and remedies at law inadequate. The rights and remedies of the Grantee provided
hereunder shall be in addition to, and not in lieu of, all other rights and remedies available to
Grantee in connection with this Conservation Easement.
B. Inspection. The Grantee, its employees and agents, successors and assigns, have the right,
with reasonable notice, to enter the Conservation Easement Area over the Property at reasonable
times for the purpose of inspection to determine whether the Grantor is complying with the terms,
conditions and restrictions of this Conservation Easement.
C. Acts Beyond Grantor's Control. Nothing contained in this Conservation Easement shall
be construed to entitle Grantee to bring any action against Grantor for any injury or change in the
Conservation Easement Area caused by third parties, resulting from causes beyond the Grantor's
control, including, without limitation, fire, flood, storm, and earth movement, or from any prudent
action taken in good faith by the Grantor under emergency conditions to prevent, abate, or mitigate
significant injury to life or damage to the Property resulting from such causes.
D. Costs of Enforcement. Beyond regular and typical monitoring expenses, any costs
incurred by Grantee in enforcing the terms of this Conservation Easement against Grantor,
including, without limitation, any costs of restoration necessitated by Grantor's acts or omissions
in violation of the terms of this Conservation Easement, shall be borne by Grantor.
E. No Waiver. Enforcement of this Easement shall be at the discretion of the Grantee and
any forbearance, delay or omission by Grantee to exercise its rights hereunder in the event of any
breach of any term set forth herein shall not be construed to be a waiver by Grantee.
NCDMS Full Delivery Conservation Easement Template AG reviewed 11 May 2017
Page 7 of 12
3460859v4.MMB.26275.T29428

BK 1634 PG 0672
VI. MISCELLANEOUS
A. This instrument sets forth the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the
Conservation Easement and supersedes all prior discussions, negotiations, understandings or
agreements relating to the Conservation Easement. If any provision is found to be invalid, the
remainder of the provisions of the Conservation Easement, and the application of such provision
to persons or circumstances other than those as to which it is found to be invalid, shall not be
affected thereby.
B. Grantor is responsible for any real estate taxes, assessments, fees, or charges levied upon
the Property. Grantee shall not be responsible for any costs or liability of any kind related to the
ownership, operation, insurance, upkeep, or maintenance of the Property, except as expressly
provided herein. Upkeep of any constructed bridges, fences, or other amenities on the Property are
the sole responsibility of the Grantor. Nothing herein shall relieve the Grantor of the obligation to
comply with federal, state or local laws, regulations and permits that may apply to the exercise of
the Reserved Rights.
C. Any notices shall be sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested to the
parties at their addresses shown herein or to other addresses as either party establishes in writing
upon notification to the other.
D. Grantor shall notify Grantee in writing of the name and address and any party to whom the
Property or any part thereof is to be transferred at or prior to the time said transfer is made. Grantor
further agrees that any subsequent lease, deed, or other legal instrument by which any interest in
the Property is conveyed is subject to the Conservation Easement herein created.
E. The Grantor and Grantee agree that the terms of this Conservation Easement shall survive
any merger of the fee and easement interests in the Property or any portion thereof.
F. This Conservation Easement and Right of Access may be amended, but only in writing
signed by all parties hereto, or their successors or assigns, if such amendment does not affect the
qualification of this Conservation Easement or the status of the Grantee under any applicable laws,
and is consistent with the purposes of the Conservation Easement. The owner of the Property shall
notify the State Property Office and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in writing sixty (60) days
prior to the initiation of any transfer of all or any part of the Property or of any request to void or
modify this Conservation Easement. Such notifications and modification requests shall be
addressed to:
Division of Mitigation Services Program Manager
NC State Property Office
1321 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1321
and
NCDMS Full Delivery Conservation Easement Template AG reviewed 11 May 2017
Page 8 of 12
34608SM MMB.26275,T29428

BK 1634 PG 0673
General Counsel
US Army Corps of Engineers
fig Darlington Avenue
Wilmington, NC 28403
G. The parties recognize and agree that the benefits of this Conservation Easement are in gross
and assignable provided, however, that the Grantee hereby covenants and agrees, that in the event
it transfers or assigns this Conservation Easement, the organization receiving the interest will be a
qualified holder under N.C. Gen. Stat. § 121-34 et seq. and § 170(h) of the Internal Revenue Code,
and the Grantee further covenants and agrees that the terms of the transfer or assignment will be
such that the transferee or assignee will be required to continue in perpetuity the conservation
purposes described in this document.
VII. QUIET ENJOYMENT
Grantor reserves all remaining rights accruing from ownership of the Property, including
the right to engage in or permit or invite others to engage in only those uses of the Conservation
Easement Area that are expressly reserved herein, not prohibited or restricted herein, and are not
inconsistent with the purposes of this Conservation Easement. Without limiting the generality of
the foregoing, the Grantor expressly reserves to the Grantor, and the Grantor's invitees and
licensees, the right of access to the Conservation Easement Area, and the right of quiet enjoyment
of the Conservation Easement Area,
TO HAVE AND TO HOLD, the said rights and easements perpetually unto the State of
North Carolina for the aforesaid purposes,
AND Grantor covenants that Grantor is seized of the Property in fee and has the right to
convey the permanent Conservation Easement herein granted; that the same is free from
encumbrances and that Grantor will warrant and defend title to the same against the claims of all
persons whomsoever.
NCDMS Full Delivery Conservation Easement Template AG reviewed 11 May 2017
Page 9 of 12
3464859v4.MMB.26275.T29428

BK 1634 PG 0674
IN TESTIMONY, WHEREOF, the Grantor has hereunto set his hand and seal, the day
and year first above written.
(SEAL)
illiam E. Cole
-f. (SEAL)
Joyc T./Cole
NORTH CAROLINA
COUNTY OF WAKE
I, �+;s2� �'v �` , a Notary Public in and for the County and State aforesaid,
do hereby ertify that William E. Cole and Joyce T. Cole, Grantor, personally appeared before me
this day and acknowledged the execution of the foregoing instrument.
IN WITNESS, WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand and Notary Seal this the fk
day of
June 021
otary Public
My commission expires:
Zd 23
NCDMS Full Delivery Conservation Easement Template
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Page 10 of 12
346085 4v4.MMB.26275.T29428

BK 1634 PG 0675
Exhibit A
Conservation Easement Area 1
BEING ALL OF Conservation Easement Area 1 of the Crane Site over a portion of the land of the
William E. Cole and wife, Joyce T. Cale (PIN No. 9538-37-3891, 9538-38-9217 & 9538-48-0960),
lying and being situated in Greenwood Township, Lee County, North Carolina and particularly
described as follows (all distances are ground distances unless otherwise noted):
Beginning at an iron stake (Point of Beginning) labeled as Point No. 4 and being a Southeastern
corner of the Conservation Easement Area 1 and being located North 11'51' l9" West 250.03 feet
from an iron stake with a blue cap (Point No. 101) with N.C. Grid Coordinates N=588,051.4748',
E=1,934,363.0374' (NAD '83, 2011).
Thence from the Point of Beginning (Point No.4), North 50°09'39" West 132.15' to an iron stake;
thence South 83°31'37" West 186.03' to an iron stake; thence North 80°16'22" West 250.49' to an
iron stare; thence South 57°53'00" West 530.46' to an iron stake; thence South 89°32'28" West
203.78' to an iron stake; thence North 22Q55'55" West 128.47' to an iron stake; thence North
00°48'05" East 99.32' to an iron stake; thence North 56°54'55" East 109.4l' to an iron stake; thence
North 02°22'31 " East 97.39' to an iron stake; thence North 16° 17'39" West 146.96' to an iron stake;
thence North 48°48'14" West 86.16' to an iron stake; thence North 35°37'46" East 450.53' to an
iron stake; thence North 35°23' 10" East 587.12' to an iron pipe; thence South 52°22'32" East 84.25'
to an iron stake; thence South 06°38'58" East 143.63' to an iron stake; thence South 08°52'30"
West 195.08' to an iron stake; thence South 54°17'31" East 332.63' to an iron stake; thence South
28° 13' 13" East 218.52' to an iron stake; thence North 60°56'43" East 187.68' to an iron stake;
thence South 73°32'24" East 119.48' to an iron stake; thence South 50°08'11" East 211.83' to an
iron stake; thence South 50'08'11" East 44.76' to an iron stake; thence South 18°08'02" East 80.75'
to an iron stake; thence South 45° 14' 16" West 400.81' to an iron stake; which is the point of
beginning (Point No.4), having an area of 23.34 acres, more or less.
Conservation Easement Area 2
BEING ALL OF Conservation Easement Area 2 of the Crane Site over a portion of the land of the
William E. Cole and wife, Joyce T. Cole (PIN No. 9538-37-3891), lying and being situated in
Greenwood Township, Lee County, North Carolina and particularly described as follows (all
distances are ground distances unless otherwise noted):
Beginning at an iron stake (Point of Beginning) labeled as Point No. 36 and being the most
Southern corner of the Conservation Easement Area 2 and being located South 53°52'33" West
1172.92 feet from an iron stake with a blue cap (Point No. 101) with N.C. Grid Coordinates
N=588,051.4748', E=1,934,363.0374' (NAD'83, 2011).
3458874v3.J B B.26275. T29428

BK 1634 PG 0676
Thence from the Point of Beginning (Point No. 36), North 52° 14'10" West 600.82' to an iron stake;
thence North 45°50'34" East 168.09' to an iron stake; thence North 11'44'45" East 217.90' to an
iron stake; thence North 89°32'28" East 337.03' to an iron stake; thence South 36°52'12" East
89.89' to an iron stake; thence South 16°20'24" West 70.71' to an iron stake; thence South
84°59'13" West 124.17' to an iron stake; thence South 35°15'05" West 176.72' to an iron stake;
thence South 01 ° 15'44" West 110.99' to an iron stake; thence South 459654" East 115.40' to an
iron stake; thence South 83°50'59" East 202.55' to an iron stake; thence South 58°42'25" East
51.81' to an iron stake; thence South 419654" West 81.11' to an iron stake; thence South
74°51'28" West 13.03' to an iron stake; thence South 42°53'25" West 138.95' to an iron stake;
which is the point of beginning, (Point No. 36) having an area of 4.32 acres, more or less.
BOTH OF THE FOREGOING CONSERVATION EASEMENT AREAS as shown on plat of
survey titled "Conservation Easement for the State of North Carolina Division of Mitigation
Services, over a Portion of the Lands of William E. Cole and Wife, Joyce T. Cole, Current Owners
per D.B. 3751, Pg. 741, D.B. 286, Pg. 532, and D.B. 707, Pg. 831 (PIN Numbers 9538-37-3891,
9538-38-9217 & 9538-48-0960), DMS Project ID #100165, SPO Number 53-AA, Crane,
Greenwood Township, Lee County, North Carolina" dated May 28, 2021, by John A. Rudolph,
PLS Number L-4194, K2 Design Group, and recorded in Plat Book 2021, Page 104, Lee County
Register of Deeds.
AND SUCH CONSERVATION EASEMENT AREAS TOGETHER WITH (1) a new ten (10')
feet -wide access easement that runs from NCSR 1179 (Rocky Fork Church Road) to the foregoing
Conservation Easement Area 1, the outer boundaries for which run along (and are the same as) the
tie downs depicted for the new thirty feet (30') wide nonexclusive access easement labeled as
"ACCESS EASEMENT I" as shown on the foregoing plat of survey recorded in Plat Book 2021,
Page 104, Lee County Register of Deeds, with such ten feet (10') wide access easement running
entirely within the thirty feet (30') wide non-exclusive access easement labeled as "ACCESS
EASEMENT 1" as shown on the foregoing plat of survey, but rather than running for a width of
thirty feet (30'), the easement runs for a width of ten feet (10') (notwithstanding that a thirty feet
[30'] wide access easement is shown on the plat), and (2) that certain new sixty feet (60') wide
non-exclusive access easement labeled as "ACCESS EASEMENT 2" for ingress, egress, and
regress and as shown on the foregoing plat of survey recorded in Plat Book 2021, Page 104, Lee
County Register of Deeds.
3458874v3.J B B.2 6275.T29428

APPENDIX I. CREDIT RELEASE SCHEDULE
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) Appendices
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

The schedules below list the updated credit release schedules for stream and wetland mitigation projects
developed by the ILF/NCDMS in North Carolina:
Credit Release Schedule and Milestones for Wetlands
Credit
ILF/NCDMS
Release
Release Activity
Milestone
Interim
Total
Release
Released
1
Site Establishment (includes all required criteria stated above)
0%
0%
Completion of all initial physical and biological improvements
2
made pursuant to the Mitigation Plan
30%
30%
Year 1 monitoring report demonstrates that interim
3
performance standards have been met
10%
40%
Year 2 monitoring report demonstrates that interim
4
performance standards have been met
10%
50%
Year 3 monitoring report demonstrates that interim
5
performance standards have been met
15%
65%
Year 4 monitoring report demonstrates that interim
6*
performance standards have been met
5%
70%
Year 5 monitoring report demonstrates that interim
7
15%
85%
performance standards have been met
*
Year 6 monitoring report demonstrates that interim
8
performance standards have been met
o
5/0
0
90%
Year 7 monitoring report demonstrates that performance
9
10%
100%
standards have been met
*Please note that vegetation plot data may not be required with monitoring reports submitted during these
monitoring years unless otherwise required by the Mitigation Plan or directed by the NCIRT.
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165)
Crane Mitigation Site
Lee County, North Carolina
Appendices
Restoration Systems, LLC
October 2021

Credit Release Schedule and Milestones for Streams
Credit
ILF/NCDMS
Release
Release Activity
Interim
Total
Milestone
Release
Released
Site Establishment (includes all required criteria
1
stated above)
0%
0%
Completion of all initial physical and biological improvements
2
made pursuant to the Mitigation Plan
30%
30%
Year 1 monitoring report demonstrates that channels are
3
stable and interim performance standards have been met
10%
40%
Year 2 monitoring report demonstrates that channels are
4
stable and interim performance standards have been met
10%
50%
Year 3 monitoring report demonstrates that channels are
5
stable and interim performance standards have been met
10%
60%
6*
Year 4 monitoring report demonstrates that channels are
5%
65% (75%**)
stable and interim performance standards have been met
7
Year 5 monitoring report demonstrates that channels are
10%
75% (85%**)
stable and interim performance standards have been met
8*
Year 6 monitoring report demonstrates that channels are
5%
80% (90%**)
stable and interim performance standards have been met
9
Year 7 monitoring report demonstrates that channels are
10%
90% (100%**)
stable, performance standards have been met
*Please note that vegetation data may not be required with monitoring reports submitted during these
monitoring years unless otherwise required by the Mitigation Plan or directed by the NCIRT.
**10% reserve of credits to be held back until the bankfull event performance standard has been met.
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) Appendices
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

APPENDIX J. MAINTENANCE PLAN
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) Appendices
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

Maintenance
Plan
The Site shall be monitored on a regular basis and a physical inspection of the site shall be conducted
a minimum of once per year throughout the post -construction monitoring period until performance
standards are met. These site inspections may identify site components and features that require
routine maintenance. Routine maintenance should be expected most often in the first two years
following site construction and may include thefollowing:
Component/Feature
Maintenance through project close-out
Routine channel maintenance and repair activities may include securing of loose coir
Stream
matting and supplemental installations of live stakes and other target vegetation along
the channel. Areas where stormwater and floodplain flows interceptthe channel may also
require maintenance to prevent bank failures and head -cutting.
Vegetation shall be maintained to ensure the health and vigor of the targeted plant
community. Routine vegetation maintenance and repair activities may include
Vegetation
supplemental planting, pruning, mulching, and fertilizing. Exotic invasive plant species
shall be controlled by mechanical and/or chemical methods. Any vegetation control
requiring herbicide application will be performed in accordance with NC Department of
Agriculture (NCDA) rules and regulations.
Beaver
Beaver and associated dams are to be removed as they colonize and until the project is
closed.
Site boundaries shall be identified in the field to ensure clear distinction between the
mitigation site and adjacent properties. Boundaries may be identified by fence, marker,
Site Boundary
bollard, post, tree- blazing, or other means as allowed by site conditions and/or
conservation easement. Boundary markers disturbed, damaged, or destroyed will be
repaired and/or replaced on an as needed basis.
Road Crossing
Road crossings within the site may be maintained only as allowed by Conservation
Easement or existing easement, deed restrictions, rights of way, or corridor agreements.
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) Appendices
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

APPENDIX K. IRT SITE VISIT NOTES
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) Appendices
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

Crane Mitigation Site
Post Contract Award IRT Site Visit: 9-29-2020
NCDMS Contract # 0302-01 RFP# 16-20190302 DMS Project # 100165
Task 1 a.) Inter -Agency Post Contract Site Visit: Site Visit Notes
As specified within RFP #16-20190302, an on -site meeting with regulatory agencies and DMS staff was
conducted on September 29, 2020. Below is a list of attendees and general site visit notes.
Attendees:
USACE:
- Todd Tugwell NC DWR:
- Erin Davis
NC WRC:
Travis Wilson
Restoration Systems:
- Worth Creech
NC DMS:
- Jeremiah Dow
Axiom Environmental
- Lindsay Crocker
- Grant Lewis
- Tim Baumgartner
Site Visit Notes:
- Overall, the project was well received by the IRT
Wetlands:
- Preconstruction groundwater gauges are encouraged in several areas within the Site to document
existing groundwater table elevations and durations. Areas for preconstruction groundwater
gauges include the following.
Between Reestablishment and Enhancement zones
Between Reestablishment and upland zones
In Rehabilitation zones
In Reestablishment zones
Streams:
General:
- Tributaries 2, 3, and 4 will require stream flow gauges.
- A single, corrugated pipe will be used in the channel at all crossings. Crossings can have floodplain
pipes.
1of2

Crane Mitigation Site
Post Contract Award IRT Site Visit: 9-29-2020
UT1:
NCDMS Contract # 0302-01 RFP# 16-20190302 DMS Project # 100165
The upper reaches of UT 1 are proposed to be credited as Enhancement Level II with a 2.5:1
mitigation ratio. The IRT agreed to this ratio due to wider buffers and containerized supplemental
planting adjacent to the stream channel. This area appears to be a cypress/gum swamp and
appropriate species will be planted including Titi (Cyrilla racemiflora), bays (Magnolia virginiana
and Persea palustris), as well as other species identified in a reference forest. This area will be
included in the vegetation monitoring.
- The upper reaches of UT 1 are to be calculated on down valley length.
UT2:
An existing piped crossing is located at the upstream extent of UT 2. This piped crossing is to be
upgraded as part of the mitigation project to ensure proper stability and aquatic life passage.
- Drainage around the barn/shed will be directed to a marsh treatment area, if feasible.
2of2

APPENDIX L. CONSTRUCTION PLANS
Mitigation Plan (Project No. 100165) Appendices
Crane Mitigation Site Restoration Systems, LLC
Lee County, North Carolina October 2021

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