20051457 Ver 1_RE Cleveland County Alternatives (UNCLASSIFIED) 2.msg_20120312

Strickland, Bev
From: Keith Webb [ keith.webb @mcgillengineers.com]
Sent: Monday, March 12, 2012 8:19 PM
To: 'Wicker, Henry M JR SAW'
Cc: RPugh @arcadis- us.com; manager @ccsdwater.com; tom.reeder @ncdenr.gov; Jim.Mead @ncdenr.gov
Subject: RE: Cleveland County Alternatives (UNCLASSIFIED)
Attachments: alternatives analysis 13dec10.pdf
Attached is a copy of the latest alternatives analysis (in pdf format) for the Cleveland
County Water (CCW) First Broad River Reservoir I have in my files.
Keith Webb, PE
Vice President
McGill Associates, P.A.
38 Orange Street I Asheville, NC 28801
Phone: [phone] Mobile: [phone] Fax: [phone]
Email: keith.webb(@mcgillengineers.com I Website: www.mcgillengineers.com
- - - -- Original Message---- -
From: Wicker, Henry M 7R SAW [mailto: Henry .M.Wicker.]R(@usace.army.mil]
Sent: Monday, March 12, 2012 1:36 PM
To: Keith Webb
Subject: FW: Cleveland County Alternatives (UNCLASSIFIED)
Classification: UNCLASSIFIED
Caveats: NONE
Keith and Robin,
Could please provide Tom your latest version of the purpose and need and alternatives
analysis. Please water mark them as draft.
Thanks,
Henry
- - - -- Original Message---- -
From: Reeder, Tom [mailto:tom.reeder(@ncdenr.gov]
Sent: Thursday, March 08, 2012 4:20 PM
To: Wicker, Henry M 7R SAW
Subject: Cleveland County Alternatives
Henry - Could you send me the latest list of viable alternatives that are
still on the table for Cleveland County. Thanks.
Tom Reeder
Director, NC Division of Water Resources
1

Phone: 919 - 707 -9027
email: tom.reeder(@ncdenr.gov
E -mail correspondence to and from this address may be subject to the North Carolina Public
Records Law and may be disclosed to third parties.
Classification: UNCLASSIFIED
Caveats: NONE
Classification: UNCLASSIFIED
Caveats: NONE
N

Chapter 2 Alternatives
: ®
� � 7
«

2.1 Development of Preliminary Study Alternatives
The identification and selection of alternatives for analysis in the DEIS is an iterative
process that begins with the project scoping. A number of alternatives have been
developed on the basis of the project's "purpose and need," objectives, and their
reasonability as described in Section 1. Each of the study alternatives must meet the
purpose of and need for the project, adhere to the project's goals and objectives, and be
reasonable.
The alternatives identified in this document conform to the requirements of Council on
Environmental Quality (CEQ) regulations, which provide 1 direction regarding
implementation of the procedural provisions of National EnvioY le"t"hal Policy Act
(NEPA). It is anticipated that any build alternative selec�, `" it , rrequire U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers (USACE) permits; therefore, the USA`C ]1as been designated as
the lead agency for the DEIS. The regulations pro iulgate' by the CEQ for the
implementation of the NEPA process require an objOctivv'' aluation of "all reasonable
r
alternatives." The USACE regulations for progessing' of Department of the Army
permits (33CFR Part 325) describe reasonable altetatives as "those that are feasible
and such feasibility must focus on the acco'i " fiment of the underlying purpose and
,,7 »„<,,
need (of the applicant or the public) tl ,#I wbuld be satisfied by the proposed Federal
action (permit issuance)." An imtial,f" w for reasonability provides an appropriate
level of detail to proceed with the process. Additional information obtained at
any time in the NEPA praiep may cause elimination of an alternative if that
alternative is found not to `9� reasonable or feasible in the future.
r.
B. Background, Intbrmation and First Broad River Capacity
`t
Cleveland Cou "", Water (CCW) currently utilizes the First Broad River as their raw
water supply source. An intake and raw water pumping station is located at the
confluence of the First Broad River and Knob Creek. The intake has a drainage area of
approximately 181 square miles. CCW has permission for the withdrawal of up to 10.0
MGD from the First Broad River from the NCDENR, Division of Water Resources
(DWR). However it should be pointed out that the current operational permit for the
water treatment plant issued by the NCDENR, Public Water Supply Section (PWS) is
only for 6.0 MGD which is the capacity of the water treatment plant. Withdrawals at
the existing intake are constrained by the normal flows of the First Broad River.

Historically "safe yield" for run -of river type intakes is dependent upon the 7Q10 flow
of the subject stream. The 7QI0 flow is defined as the average low flow that occurs
over seven (7) consecutive days with a recurrence interval of once every 10 years. The
United States Geological Survey (USGS) has estimated the 7QI0 flow at the CCW
intake to be 42.54 MGD.
The NCDENR, Division of Water Resources (DWR) has historically allowed water
withdrawals to a maximum of twenty percent (20 %) of the 7Q10 flow without the need
for additional site specific studies including in -stream habitat. Mr. Tom Reeder,
Director of the NCDENR, DWR stated in his December 9, 2010 letter "If the requested
withdrawal amount (total instantaneous withdrawal rate) is less than 20% of the 7Q10
flow established for a specific intake location, then no additional studge' "" , re required to
determine minimum in -stream flows (flow -bys) below the tpt e. �'�'his policy is
codified in NC Administrative Code under 15A (2) (b). If the
withdrawal capacity is less than the 7QI0 flow, a public water supply can withdraw
water at any given river flow condition up to their alSpred capacity. This includes
periods when flows in the river are below the 7Q10. Onmental review documents
r
(EA or EIS) would still need to be prepared fbKolanyYhew or added capacity that is
greater than or equal to 1.0 MGD, and consul;{'ati6n with the NC Division of Water
4,4 ssS377U s ,r,
Quality would be required to determine if axf `downstream wastewater dischargers
z�3
would be affected by the upstream withgv1° (Reeder, 2010).
While CCW has approval to withctfa p to 10.0 MGD from the First Broad River at
the current intake CCW becb concerned with the ability to actually withdraw this
amount of water during c�'i pglf't periods. During the 2002 drought there were days
when at withdrawal re' „f 3�0 MGD to 3.5 MGD the in- stream flows downstream of
J
the intake (flow -by %rt bre "`virtually non - existent. Similar conditions were repeated
during the 20(� „�, :n�d��, 08 droughts. Based upon these observed conditions CCW
believes that the �I'rst Broad River does not have the ability to meet future projected
demands and t de for some acceptable level of in- stream flow downstream of the
intake.
C. First Broad River Hydrology Model
To address the severity of low stream flow conditions a hydrology model of the First
Broad River utilizing historical stream flow data available from the USGS for the
period of 1940 to 2009 has been completed as a part of the DEIS. The model has been
utilized for a number of items associated with the DEIS. One of these items was to
determine the percentage of time, or number of days, over the period of record when

flows in the First Broad River are insufficient to meet the projected demands of CCW
as well as any projected in- stream flow requirements.
The key element associated with the modeling is the minimum flow -by requirement, or
in -stream flow, required in the First Broad River. The Division of Water Resources at
the request of CCW completed an update of the stream habitat model for the First
Broad River. Utilizing the habitat model and in consultation with various resources
agencies, DWR has established a desired goal for a minimum in- stream flow of 71.6
cfs downstream of the CCW intake should the proposed First Broad River Reservoir be
constructed. This minimum in -stream flow may be reduced to 36.4 cfs during low flow
periods provided CCW implements water restrictions for the customers of the water
system. �� #
A
Utilizing this in- stream flow the hydrology model was run %d`'t,,,6Niine the percentage
of time, if any, that the demands of CCW and the required it- stream flow conditions
could not be met from the First Broad River. Model resufr�over the 25,051 day model
period (68 years) indicates that 6.5% of the time (1,62v, u" of 25,051 days) both the in-
stream flow of 71.6 cfs and CCW demands cannot be ret. This percentage drops to
0.7% (180 out of 25,051 days) when the in stream ow is dropped to 36.4 cfs.
tilll} f'
7
Based upon the modeling results it appears t}af CCW can not meet the projected future
demands for the water system 100 %,6f £Ehe time utilizing the existing run -of -the -river
intake and assuming a future regula'fec d' wnstream flow requirement.
D. Alternatives Co'asidered
r
A list of initial „ltrnt es to be considered was compiled after review of previously
documentedaoncp from various sources. Those that do not meet the purpose and
need, the ob.ec” 6s, and the reasonability of the option will be eliminated from further
consideration. In addition, any alternatives that were considered to have a higher
magnitude of adverse impacts will also be eliminated from further consideration.
D -1 No- Action Alternative
Under the No- Action Alternative, CCW would continue to withdraw water from the
current run -of the river intake on the First Broad River. Under this alternative, there
would be no changes to the existing conditions within the project area and water flow
fluctuations in the river would continue to affect the dependability of the First Broad
River as an uninterruptable water supply for the CCW service area. The No- Action
3

Alternative would result in periods when the CCW would be unable to meet water
system demands during periods of drought and low stream flow from the CCW water
treatment plant.
The lack of an adequate water supply will restrict population growth and development
in Cleveland County, as well as portions of adjacent counties, and would not address
water supply during drought conditions.
A No- Action Alternative is required by NEPA, but does not meet the purpose of and
need for the project. Because the No Action Alternative would avoid any adverse
environmental impacts, it provides a basis for comparing the potential impacts and
benefits of the partial -build and build alternatives.
al!
D -2 Conserve Water '`'k, %r
The conservation of water and a resulting decrease In „per it water consumption has
the potential to decrease the projected future water defds of CCW. Per capita water
usage could possibly be decreased through the iiM, plementation of a more aggressive
water conservation program. CCW currently', a voluntary water conservation
ttii s38r, s,
program and enforces a mandatory programs o water conservation during periods of
drought. A Water Shortage Response I s6lution was adopted by CCW in February
2003. (See Appendix B.) The resgl'di1 stipulates conservation measures for both
voluntary and mandatory conseryatilh phases. These measures address indoor
k,
residential use, outdoor resid c4til i s and industrial use. While an aggressive water
conservation plan could fi� a impact of decreasing the average daily demand for
CCW the program wp” trI i n0 satisfy the requirements of the purpose and need and
provide for an adequ 'te water supply to meet future demands utilizing only the First
Broad River a,,e }sour °ire of supply in the event that some level of minimum in -stream
flow conditi6it is A andated to protect aquatic habitat.
According to CCW management, an aggressive water conservation plan will not
negate the demand for an additional water supply in the future. In addition, the
Conserve Water Alternative would not meet the project's purpose and need because it
would not ensure a dependable water supply.
D -3 Utilize Groundwater
Smaller community water systems and single family residences with lower water
demands have historically been served by groundwater supply wells. However,
groundwater has not been a dependable source of water with adequate capacity and
E

quality to meet the projected higher demands of CCW. There are no defined aquifers of
large enough capacity to serve large municipal systems in the Cleveland County area.
The North Carolina Division of Environmental Health estimates that it is very unlikely
that wells with the pumping capacity needed to meet CCW demands can be found in
Cleveland County (Setzer 2007).
Water quality is also a problem. In some areas of the county, both recharge and
discharge areas display high concentrations of iron and manganese in the groundwater.
Water treatment for these metals is necessary (North Carolina Division of Water
Resources 1989). In addition, lithium has been detected in groundwater in the
Cherryville and Bessemer City vicinity of Gaston County, adjacent to Cleveland
County. Additional treatment can potentially be a significant expens' gtzer 2007).
Due to the shortage of groundwater and water quality c,}crrf� the alternative to
utilize groundwater, either from individual wells or large mtfficipal wells, does not
meet the project's purpose and need.
D -4 Increase Withdrawal at Existing Intake, Site
111,, o�U`�irrrl s
Withdrawals at the existing CCW intake sire constrained by normal flows of the
First Broad River and any future requiredd, i� ,tlstream flow requirements established by
the North Carolina Division of Water, °Resources. The calculated safe yield of the First
Broad River at the existing CCW tit " °' based upon previously published 7Q10 flows
is 10.0 MGD. However, dr i 002 drought the available supply dropped to less
than 4.0 MGD. As a partof the preparation of the EIS for the First Broad River
Reservoir additional ,0 11118 of the river has been completed to determine the
available water supf,ron the First Broad River. This modeling shows that based
upon historicaltttg for the First Broad River that the required 7.78 MGD future
demand for ' =C not available 6.50% of the time given the requirement to provide
an in- stream flo *'of 71.6 cfs below the CCW intake.
In the absence of some type of raw water storage capacity, this alternative would not
provide an adequate supply during drought conditions, is not considered dependable,
and does not meet the project's purpose and need.
D -5 Reservoir on the First Broad River, Site 1
This alternative consists of the construction of a reservoir on the main stem of the First
Broad River with a dam located just upstream of the CCW water treatment plant, and
downstream of the confluence of Crooked Run Creek. The proposed dam location is
5

approximately 5,800 feet upstream of the confluence of the First Broad River and
Knob Creek and the existing raw water intake. The reservoir site has a total drainage
area of approximately 146 square miles and would impound areas below 856 -feet msl
and create a 1.300 acre reservoir. .
The hydrology model for the First Broad River previously discussed was utilized to
estimate the safe yield of this main stem of the First Broad River reservoir. The model
included normal releases for downstream in- stream flows of 71.6 cfs under normal
demand conditions. As the reservoir levels drop to projected trigger points it has been
assumed that CCW would implement voluntary conservation measures and that the
minimum release is then reduced to 54 cfs. If the lake level continues to drop a second
model trigger point elevation requires CCW to implement mandXor„ conservation
,t
measures and that the minimum release is then reduced to 36,1 1 °'�h" estimated safe
yield of this alternative is 26.0 MGD. Lake pool level will oprt�Cr „elevation 849.5 msl
on time during the 68 year modeling period and the CCw `demands has met 100% of
it fy
the time with this alternative.
�ttttt4). is
Initial feasibility estimates indicate that the dam uldbe approximately 83 feet high
and 1,245 feet wide at the base. The associated” "emergency spillway, located south of
the dam, would be approximately 1,000 felt 'e The dam would create a reservoir
" "', n,
with a surface area of approximately 1,29 6 S.
3.2.7 Side Steam (Pumped Storog'` eservoir
Over the past 10 to 20 ye ath use of side stream or pumped storage reservoirs has
gained much favor f6i, othwater supply and power production. Various resource
agencies as well as,,,, have indicated that alternatives for a "side stream"
reservoir be i a part of the DEIS. Side stream reservoirs often have the
advantage o bavpg less environmental impact and therefore less regulatory agency
feedback and o action. In many cases the side stream reservoir can be sited such as
there are no impacts to "perennial" streams. Perennial streams are defined as those
streams that have flow at all times.
Typically the operation of a "side stream" reservoir includes the use of pumps to pump
water from the source water into the reservoir during periods of normal or high flow.
The water is then withdrawn from the reservoir to meet water supply demands.
To develop this alternative topographic information available for Cleveland County in
the vicinity of the Cleveland County Water (CCW) water treatment plant and the
existing intake from USGS quadrangle maps was analyzed. It has been assumed that an
C~

off - stream reservoir site would need to be within approximately a 7 to 10 mile radius of
the existing CCW raw water intake. The 7 to 10 mile radius was selected due to the
cost to install new raw water transmission lines from the existing intake to the reservoir
site and a transmission line from the reservoir to the existing water treatment plant. At
a cost of approximately $600,000 per mile for a raw water line of adequate size to
convey the required flow the 10 mile maximum distance ($10 to $12 million dollars)
appears to be reasonable. The existing CCW raw water intake and pump station could
be used as the pump station to pump water from the First Broad River into the side
stream reservoir. Through the analysis two potential sites on Crooked Run Creek were
identified.
Crooked Run Creek is a small tributary of the First Broad River vit a confluence
approximately 2.1 miles upstream of the existing CCW raw water' e "located at the
confluence of the First Broad River and Knob Creek and s {,JrfEaf "drainage area of
6.9 square miles (4,416 acres).
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The construction of a side stream reservoir on Knob Creek was also considered.
(A) Upper Crooked Run Creek
The first Crooked Run Creek site identified is the "Upper Crooked Run Creek"
site. This alternative site would have a dam just upstream of Kistler Road. The dam
would be approximately 3,600 feet long with a height of 65 feet and a top elevation
of 960' MSL. The full pool elevation will be 940' MSL and forms a reservoir with
a surface area of approximately 650 acres at full pool. The reservoir has the
potential to impact approximately 40,200 LF of perennial stream. The Upper
Crooked Run Creek reservoir site is shown on figure UCC -1.
k,ASSSS ttrrr 'ti,,
(B) Lower Crooked Run Creek
^iii31
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The second potential Crooked Run Cr ek r serir site is identified as the "Lower
Crooked Run Creek" site. This al mrvr would have a dam just upstream of
Mooney Road. The dam would be 1 ately 1,700 feet long with a height of
90 feet and a top elevation of 890' e reservoir full pool elevation will be
a> �, s
880' MSL and forms a reservoir wife a surface area of approximately 220 acres at
full pool. The reservoix,t'h 4 potential to impact approximately 18,000 LF of
perennial stream. Figu3, L C -1 depicts the Lower Crooked Run Creek reservoir
site.
Once the tw6 po4ufal sites were identified stage /storage curves were developed for
each potential reservoirs utilizing topographic information from USGS quadrangle
maps. The stage /storage curves provide the relationship between pool elevation and
total storage and have been used in the safe yield model for each reservoir site.
For the purpose of modeling the safe yield of each site a computer model was
developed for the First Broad River by HydroLogics, Inc.. The model utilizes historical
flow information for the First Broad River from the USGS gauging station located at
Casar and other USGS gauging stations. The period of simulation for the model covers
68 years from 1940 to 2008.
0

Assumptions for the model were developed as to minimum in- stream flow protocol for
the First Broad River at the CCW raw water intake. Based upon consultation with the
North Carolina Division of Water Resources, North Carolina Wildlife Resources
Commission, US Fish & Wildlife Services and others the following minimum in-
stream flow has been input into the model:
• Maintain a minimum in -stream flow downstream of the intake equal to 71.6
cfs when the reservoir is at full pool or other acceptable levels and CCW is
under normal water use protocol.
• Maintain a minimum in -stream flow downstream of the int 6)equal to 54 cfs
when the reservoir is below full pool level and CCW is i1'hde "xvdluntary water
use restriction protocol.
k r /1lq�af'
• Maintain a minimum in -stream now downsMaiq , &f the intake equal to 36 cfs
when the reservoir is below full pool level ands
"CCW is under mandatory water
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use restriction protocol.
Two scenarios where modeled for each ,`;

Broad River and Crooked Run Creek is always the first priority prior to meeting the
water demands of CCW.
The final input parameter for the modeling effort is the projected demands of CCW.
Work associated with the "Purpose and Need Report" has projected the 2060 CCW
average daily water demand to be 6.23 MGD with a peak daily demand of 7.78 MGD.
The average daily demand of 6.23 MGD has been used as initial input for the model.
To account for the potential for reduced demand as a result of water conservation
efforts the average daily demand has been decreased to 5.61 MGD (a 10% reduction)
when CCW imposes voluntary water conservation measures. This flow reduction is
triggered in the model by a specific reservoir level and also triggers ,a reduction in the
minimum releases from the side stream reservoir and the minimii�n Yji-stream flow
requirement for the First Broad River.
rst
t,
The flow is once again reduced to 5.05 MGD (an ad itiOn 1,111,11, 1% reduction) when
CCW implements mandatory water restrictions. As with dw voluntary restrictions this
reduction is triggered in the model by a specific fe0ir level and also triggers a
reduction in the minimum releases from the side stream° eservoir and the minimum in-
stream flow requirement for the First Broad Rive'.
Once the various input parameters w,'' es "tailished various runs of the model were
conducted to determine the "safe yiel �each scenario. The "safe yield" is defined as
the flow from the reservoir for the pubse of water supply that results in the reservoir
level dropping to the failure pq� (mnimum low level) one time during the modeling
period (over 68 years). The`'foll(Aving results were obtained from the modeling:
r.
• Lower Crookedt , 6,n Creek scenario with a pump rate of 10.0 MGD results in
a safe yield" 0 x.60 MGD.
• Lower Crooked Run Creek scenario with a pump rate of 15.0 MGD results in
a safe yield of 8.50 MGD.
• Upper Crooked Run Creek scenario with a pump rate of 10.0 MGD results in a
safe yield of 10.70 MGD.
• Upper Crooked Run Creek scenario with a pump rate of 15.0 MGD results in a
safe yield of 12.00 MGD.
10

The model results indicate that there are a total of 1,673 days during the model
simulation period when the river flow of the First Broad River drops below the
established threshold and no water is withdrawn from the First Broad River. This
equates to 0.075% of the total days. The CCW demand of 6.23 MGD is met every
single day of the simulation period, either from direct withdrawals from the First Broad
River or from the Crooked Run Creek Reservoir, or a combination of withdrawals
from both.
(C) Knob Creek Side Stream Reservoir
This alternative consists of the construction of a reservoir on Knob Creek. Knob Creek
currently serves as a tributary to the CCW raw water intake wits,, ti'r intake being
located at the confluence of Knob Creek and the First Broad, , Riva-The reservoir
would be formed by constructing a dam across Knob Creek4�,p�o}mately 3,500 linear
feet upstream of the confluence with the First Broad iiver.the dam would be
approximately 2,000 feet in length with a height of fee�and forms a 498 acre
reservoir at the full pool elevation of 860' msl.h'fnage area of the proposed
Knob Creek Reservoir is approximately 35 squarel,tmiles,=
'A'
The hydrology model discussed previc
been used to estimate the "safe yield"
have been analyzed. Scenario 41 ass
5
reservoir functions only with inflow
that 10 MGD is pumped from Ein
Finally scenario 43 increaa" thpump
,ly fbr "th'& Crooked Run Creek alternatives has
11 .knob Creek alternative. Three scenarios
that there is no pumped storage and that the
m Knob Creek. The second scenario assumes
Broad River whenever flow conditions allow.
R rate to 15 MGD.
r
To account for in- strc,� rhAbw needs it has been assumed that 17 cfs will be released
from the Knob„ fir" 64 reservoir under normal flow conditions. The 17 cfs was
......
established ass rao of drainage area with the First Broad River and the in -stream flow
demands estabshed by DWR. The minimum release is decreased to 13 cfs with
voluntary conservation measures being implemented by CCW and again to 9 cfs with
mandatory conservation measures.
The proposed Knob Creek Reservoir will impact approximately 48,000 linear feet of
stream and some 3.1 miles of secondary roads.
The project will include a new raw water line would convey water from the reservoir to
the existing water treatment plant.
11

The various input parameters for Knob Creek were established and various runs of the
model were conducted to determine the "safe yield" of each scenario. The following
results were obtained from the modeling:
• Knob Creek scenario as a run of the river and no pumped storage results in a
safe yield of 7.80 MGD.
• Knob Creek scenario with a pump rate of 10.0 MGD results in a safe yield of
9.60 MGD.
ltlfl /Iji
• Knob Creek scenario with a pump rate of 15.0 MGD restilts fa safe yield of
9.80 MGD.
3.2.4 Purchase Water from other Sources
Under this alternative, additional water required to future demands of CCW
over and above that amount available on an unintgrrupted basis from the First Broad
River would be purchased on a wholesale basi.. from an existing municipal source.
Municipal sources that are located in the pixii` of CCW that can possibly meet the
demands of CCW are the City of Shel, ;tic Town of Kings Mountain, the Broad
River Water Authority (BRWA), the of Forest City, and /or the City of Hickory.
A description of each of these alternyes and the logistical components necessary to
t,
connect the two water systems is "de tibed in more detail in the following sections.
1
(A) City of $hplby
The City of Shelby depends on the First Broad River as the primary raw water
supply for t water system. A raw water intake located just north of West
1,
Grover Str eet tf e northwestern part of the City supplies water to the city's water
treatment plant. Treatment facilities include three (3) off - stream raw water reservoirs
for the storage of water prior to treatment. Shelby's water treatment plant has a design
capacity of 12.0 MGD with current average daily water demands being 4.2 MGD. The
City of Shelby also has a contract to provide up to 1.0 MGD of finished potable water
on a wholesale basis to the Town of Boiling Springs.
Based on the City of Shelby's 2002 Water Supply Plan, average daily water demands
for the city's service area are projected to be 8.7 MGD by 2050, including the contract
sales of 1.0 MGD. Assuming an average day to peak day multiplier of 1.25,
approximately 10.88 MGD would be needed in 2050. The City of Shelby has
permission and an agreement on record by the NCDENR, DWR to withdraw up to 18.0
12

MGD from the First Broad River once the water treatment plant is upgraded and
expanded, provided stream flows are adequate to permit the 18.0 MGD withdrawal and
also maintain a downstream flow of 25 cfs in the First Broad River. (McGill 2004).
To prepare for and address future drought conditions and to assure an uninterruptable
water supply for its customers, the City of Shelby completed the construction of a 30-
inch raw water line from the Grover Street Water Treatment Plant to the Broad River
in 2003. The 30 -inch raw water line terminates at the site of a future raw water intake
and pump station at the Broad River, approximately 1.5 miles downstream of the NC
Highway 150 bridge, south of the Town of Boiling Springs. The raw water intake and
pump station have not been constructed to date. Until such time as a permanent intake
is constructed and to provide raw water in the event of an emer e40,y the City of
t
Shelby intends to install diesel driven pumps which are rented (tt a' "Monthly basis.
These pumps are sized to convey water to the Grover Streel ptapNuhng those periods
when low stream flows in the First Broad River dictate the 'need to utilize this
additional source.
35�
The Broad River has been reclassified for futurg, use, as a raw water source and is
currently classified as WS IV by the NCDENRbk. The estimated available supply
%
at the City of Shelby proposed Broad River ihfa%e location based upon 20% of the
end
7Q10 flow is 42.8 MGD. '}
CCW has an agreement and meterO ed nections in place with the City of Shelby that
44} rll
allow for the purchase of finn§hd; water on an as need basis and under emergency
conditions. The current a14 x nt does not define the maximum amount of water
available on a daily basi 1 CCW may purchase. The volume of water available to
CCW may be limite4,,,epends upon the current demands of the City of Shelby
system and theme ail" e water supply.
l�(f
A number omponents are necessary to ensure that this alternative is feasible
including the purchase of treatment plant capacity and the establishment of a fixed
price for finished potable water purchased from the City of Shelby. Both the purchase
of treatment plant capacity and the price for finished water would be established by a
binding agreement between CCW and the City of Shelby and must be an agreement
that cannot be terminated by either parry.
As previously mentioned a hydrology model of the First Broad River has been
completed as a part of the DEIS. Based upon model results and actual operational data
from the 2003, 2007 and 2008 droughts it has been assumed that CCW can safely
withdraw 3.50 MGD to 4.0 MGD from the First Broad River under all stream flow
13

conditions. For the purpose of determining the capacity of additional water needed it
has been assumed that CCW will need to purchase up to four million gallons of water
per day (4.0 MGD) from the City of Shelby to meet future demands. This alternative
assumes that peak daily demand will be met through system storage and the
implementation of conservation measures during future drought conditions.
For the purpose of the evaluation of this alternative and for this alternative to be
acceptable it has been assumed that CCW will purchase 4.0 MGD of treatment plant
capacity from the City of Shelby, assuring that this amount of water will always be
available to CCW. The cost for future water purchases will then be based upon the
actual cost to treat and deliver finished water to CCW and be established by a binding
contract between the two parties.
For this alternative to be feasible the City of Shelby must, ,gn§,tru�t a permanent raw
water intake and pumping station on the Broad River. This D"urnping station would
convey raw water to the Shelby Water Treatment Plan rocessing and treatment to
1tits55
supplement the available supply from the First Broad 6r:
4/l/
While the CCW and Shelby distribution systems "are currently interconnected with two
(2) metered connections for the purchase of �fer on an emergency, wholesale basis
the CCW distribution system is unde fed, in the vicinity of these connections to
efficiently transport the needed 4.0 1VIG purchase from the City of Shelby into the
CCW distribution system. Improve e#f8 to the CCW distribution system are therefore
required to allow for the pure and distribution of water from the City of Shelby
into the CCW system in an � 'cffidcnt manner.
r.
The CCW distributiptj system is currently divided into two fairly independent service
zones. One zoo „rv'e'`the western part of Cleveland County to the west of the First
11
Broad River' he ' tribution system in this area is served from the existing Polkville
tank which isIled from the water treatment plant by the dedicated Polkville high
service pumps. Under current development density approximately 1 /31d of the CCW
water supply demands exist in this western section of the system.
The other service zone lies to the east of the First Broad River and is served from the
Belwood tank. Similar to the Polkville service zone water for the Belwood zone is
pumped from the water treatment plant to the Belwood tank by dedicated high service
pumps. The distribution system then conveys water to the other sections of the zone
with additional storage tanks and booster pump stations providing for the demands
throughout this zone. Approximately 2 /3rds of the CCW demand is in this zone.
14

Those customers in the northern part of Cleveland County at the higher service
elevations are also served from the Belwood zone. Service to these higher elevations is
provided by the Upper Bald and Lower Bald Mountain tanks. These tanks are filled
from the Belwood tank by two booster pump stations.
Service to the southeastern section of the CCW service area along Highway 18 and
south of US 74 is provided from the Belwood tank and the Highway 18 tank. The
Highway 18 tanks serves as the main hub of the distribution system serving the
southeastern section of the CCW service area and provides service to the eastern and
southern parts of the system in the Waco, Patterson Springs and Mid Pines area.
Significant distribution system improvements are required to the distribution
system in order to transmit water efficiently from the Shelby �S�Sxri' "`into the CCW
distribution system. The Shelby water treatment plant is loe`c,ot the western side of
the city on West Grover Street. To efficiently convey pure "as ed beater from the City of
Shelby into the CCW distribution system it is propose"d . . " xn "ake a number of major
improvements to the CCW distribution system in fh Jc ity of Mooresboro. These
improvements are as follows:�'
• Replace the existing 350,00Q " ',g41I6n Mooresboro stand pipe with a 500,000
gallon elevated tank with a� ,trflow elevation of 1090 msl.
• Installation of 14,8QO
Q'16" water line from the Mooresboro tank along
NC 120 to US 741 siiess (Ellenboro Road) and then along Ellenboro Road
to Mooresboro oa �(,8 1327) and along Mooresboro Road to a connection
point with an g 6" water line.
• Construction new booster pump station on Mooresboro Road designed
to tr rt f "N'v e to the Polkville tank.
• New 'n tired connection with City of Shelby on Plato Lee Road (SR 1315)
near U }'F` 74.
• Construction of a new booster pump station on Plato Lee Road near US 74
designed to transfer water from the City of Shelby to the Mooresboro tank.
• Installation of 13,400 LF of 12" water line from the new Plato Lee Pump
Station along Beaverdam Church Road (SR 1158) to Skinner Road (SR
1159).
• Installation of 25,500 LF of 12" water line from Beaverdam Church Road
(SR 1158) northwest along Skinner Road (SR 1159) to US 74 business and
then along US 74 business to Mooresboro Road (SR 1327).
• Installation of 21,600 LF of 12" water line from Beaverdam Church Road
(SR 1158) south along Skinner Road (SR 1159) to NC 150 and then along
NC 150 to Burke Road (SR 1148).
15

• Construction of a new booster pump station on Burke Road near NC 150
designed to pump water to the Patterson Springs tank.
• Installation of 37,000 LF of 12" water line from Burke Road (SR 1148)
along to Sinai Church Road (SR 1140) southward to NC 150 and connect to
an existing water line at Davis Road (SR 1107).
• New metered connection with City of Shelby on Highway 18 near NC 150.
• Installation of 20,000 LF of 12" water line along NC 18 to Christopher Road
(SR 1105) and then to Sulphur Springs Road (SR 1100) to increase supply to
the Mid Pines tank.
The improvements to the CCW distribution system described above (, ee figure 1) are
required to efficiently transport water purchased from the City of h8by jnto the CCW
distribution system and convey water to both the western and eastern sections of the
distribution system.
The preliminary cost estimate for this alternative in table S -1. Cost for the
purchase of treatment plant capacity from the Cit� 'of Shelby as well as CCW
participation in the Shelby Broad River raw wa�cr intate and pump station have been
included in the project cost along with a�ynce for improvements to the CCW
distribution system to distribute water purq,}ia from Shelby throughout the system.
CCW must also purchase the exc; water needed from Shelby in the event of a
drought. A cost of $1.85 per .11{((l' gallons has been assumed for the purchase of
water.
{ {{ q 4
jJt
The annual operation',di,,xnaintenance cost for the proposed alternative is shown in
table 2.
TABLE S -2
PURCHASE WATER FROM CITY OF SHELBY ALTERNATIVE
ANNUAL OPERATING & MAINTENANCE COSTS
ITEM
DESCRIPTION
QUANTITY
UNIT
UNIT
PRICE
TOTAL
1
Electrical Cost
323,400
Kw -hr
$0.12
$38,800
(pumping)
2
Water Purchases
108,000
1,000
$1.85
$199,800
gallons
3
Repairs /replacements
1
LS
$300,000
$300,000
4
Miscellaneous repairs
1
LS
$125,000
$125,000
16

Total Annual O& M
To compare each alternative the present worth value of each will be determined. The
present worth value takes into account both the estimated project cost and the
anticipated annual operation and maintenance cost. A twenty (20) year planning period
has been utilized for the comparison of alternatives. The present worth value of this
alternative is based on a 20 year period, at a discount rate of 2.8%
(http: / /www.whitehouse.gov /omb/ circulars /a094 /a94_appx- c.html) .
i7t &fJ
The 20 -year present worth cost for this alternative is therefore`'
rJ,t
$26,211,500 + 663,600 * 15.589 = $41,645,560.
t IDJI�
J rr,
111 })
Purchase Water From Shelby Present Worth Co 556,360
0
1t }� iYitA
it
(8) Kings Mountain
John Henry Moss Lake provides th ra* water supply for the City of Kings Mountain.
ss
The City of Kings Mount ",a, an 8.0 (MGD) water treatment plant adjacent to
the lake to meet the demand o "'the city's water system. The city provides water only
within its corporate 1 anc to its single municipal customer, the Town of Grover.
CCW entered into an% ent with Kings Mountain dated June 26, 2007 to purchase
finished potab \tq,,rr at�r This agreement states that the metered connections may be
used only d,'&nergency" conditions. The agreement stipulates "that if in the
event of an emergency situation or need for conservation of the water resources by the
City, the City does reserve the right to refuse to supply water to CCW, during such
emergency or conservation situation.
John Henry Moss Lake reservoir was formed in 1973 by impounding Buffalo Creek
and has a total drainage area of 67.5 square miles. The 2002 Kings Mountain Water
Supply Plan reports the safe yield of Moss Lake as 37.60 MGD. However in a letter
dated January 15, 2009 to CCW the City indicates that "the City of Kings Mountain is
currently refining the safe yield of John Henry Moss Lake in support of a permit
modification to withdraw more than their permitted amount from Moss Lake"
(Murphrey 2009) . The letter goes on to indicate that Kings Mountain has adequate
$663,600
17

water capacity to sell up to 5.0 MGD of finished water to CCW today and in the near
future, but that regional demands make it difficult for Kings Mountain to commit to a
long term arrangement and that Kings Mountain sees the need to develop additional
regional water supplies.
The drought conditions experienced during the past decade have demonstrated the
vulnerability of Moss Lake and verify Kings Mountain's need to redefine the safe
yield. For example in the 2002 drought the water level of Moss Lake dropped by
approximately 8 feet below the normal pool level and dropped to approximately 3 feet
again in the 2008 drought.
As a part of the evaluation of alternatives for additional water suppl}r thy, City of Kings
Mountain has initiated preliminary studies as to the feasibility,,cqfAih struction of a
second water supply reservoir on Muddy Creek to supp119m,0111 t he available water
supply from Moss Lake.
fyJ.
Given the fact that the City of Kings Mountain will' arantee that water will be
available to meet the projected long term demand�.),of C C W and that Kings Mountain is
actively pursuing an additional supply of raw w,atef this alternative is not considered a
dependable alternative and does not meet'e` project's purpose and need. This
alternative will therefore not be carried 'for additional consideration.
(C) Broad River Water Aitfrity
ttttttt,,,,,,,,,' °,,,,,, ,
In adjacent Rutherford Co,the Broad River Water Authority (BRWA) serves the
towns of Ruth, Ruthe)r` hhfdtoif an indale; and rural areas of Rutherford County.
The BRWA utilize&,, the "'$road River as its water source with an intake near
Rutherfordton,,1 e'ti ss confluence of the Green River. BRWAcurrently operates an
8.0 MGD weer tatinent plant. BRWA has indicated that many of the components
are in place for" lhe expansion of the WTP to a capacity of 12.0 MGD. The estimated
safe yield of the Broad River at the BRWA intake is 13.0 MGD. (The Broad River is
shown in Figure 1.) CCW has an emergency use agreement and pipeline connection in
place with the BRWA.
BRWA has made and continues to enter into agreements for the wholesale of water to
a number of regional customers. They have an agreement with Grassy Pond Water
Corporation in South Carolina for the sale of 0.50 MGD of finished water and an
agreement with Inman - Campobello Water District in South Carolina and with Polk
County, North Carolina for the sale of approximately 4.0 MGD of finished potable
18

water. These contracts as well as the predicted growth of BRWA will approach the
available safe yield of the BRWA source during the planning period.
Therefore, it is not likely that the BRWA could meet the future daily needs of the
BRWA and CCW in the absence of an additional source of raw water. Therefore, this
alternative is not considered to be a reasonable alternative. This alternative will
therefore not be carried forward for additional consideration.
(D) Town of Forest City
This alternative is similar to alternative A (purchase of water from the City of Shelby)
previously discussed and consists of the purchase of treatment Ja4 capacity and
Yh,
finished potable water from the Town of Forest City to suppler„e,,,nt t,, ater produced
from the CCW First Broad River water treatment plailtYV, °�kd alternative A this
alternative assumes that CCW will purchase 4.0 MGD of treatment plant capacity from
the Town of Forest City and will enter into a long term d' eei'i'ment for the purchase of
finished water on an as need basis.3;{'`
n77, ptD�
Y1}
The Town of Forest City currently utilizes the Sedond Broad River as its raw water
source with an intake located north of the t e existing water treatment plant has
a permitted design capacity of 8.0 MqP, The plant underwent a major upgraded in
2003 and the majority of the treatmei�t 'lant components were designed and sized to
Y ,mss
allow for the expansion of the WTE fo a`'capacity of 12.0 MGD.
Forest City is permitted to ithcaw up to 12.0 MGD from the Second Broad River by
the NCDENR, DWQ "„we er, li ke CCW, the Town of Forest City was severely
impacted by the drou f 2002, 2007 and 2008 and came to realize that adequate
water may not „b.4va41able from the Second Broad River to meet future water supply
demands durin 'Ot conditions.
Forest City has been planning for alternatives to meet future water supply needs for
more than a decade. The Broad River has been identified as the most attractive
alternative for a potential source to meet these future demands. The Town has
negotiated the rights to a 50 acre tract of property located adjacent to the Broad River
in southern Rutherford County for the use as a future raw water intake site and possible
WTP site. Environmental planning and permitting has been completed for the
construction of a new raw water intake and pump station at the site. The pump station
will be designed to deliver up to 12.0 MGD of raw water to the Town of Forest City
Vance Street WTP.
19

In conjunction with this planning effort the Broad River has been re- classified by the
NCDENR, DWQ as a WS -IV Water Supply and the re- classification has been
supported and implemented by both Rutherford County and Polk County. The location
of the proposed Forest City raw water intake is an excellent location with only a
limited number of small point source discharges located above the intake location. The
three largest point source discharges are the Town of Lake Lure WWTP (0.99 MGD),
Town of Rutherfordton WWTP (3.0 MGD), and the Town of Columbus WWTP (0.8
MGD).
The Town of Forest City has completed an Environmental Assessment (EA) for the
construction of the new raw water intake, pump station and raw water line to convey
raw water to the Forest City Vance Street WTP. The EA i- emJ i6d the need to
1
withdraw up to 12.0 MGD of raw water from the Broad River. >I A" "Finding of No
Significant Impact (FONSI) has been issued for the proje}�,£d d ie project has been
approved by all agencies. Plans for the proposed improvement 7 ave been completed
by the Town and an Authorization to Construct (A to 11)jts been issued by the North
s. ,
Carolina Public Water Supply Section.
A
N,;
CCW does not currently have a connection in pac with the Town of Forest City. In
i�1� t, rr;
order to connect the two water systems an iitexonnection will be required. The Forest
City distribution system in the area of osed interconnection is served from the
Trade Street tank with an overflow eli aeon of 1118 msl (mean sea level). This tank
produces an operating hydraulic r'e'ne of approximately 1000 msl at the proposed
rr,
connection point. The existing,,, ` Mooresboro standpipe has an overflow elevation
of 1041 msl. The stand pipe "'elevation is not adequate to properly serve the surrounding
service area. N" tl,))„
{
t} ,
In addition to ,c$' ofruction of an interconnection between the CCW and Town of
Forest City ter'yStems there are also significant distribution system improvements
required to theGW distribution system in order to transmit water efficiently from the
Forest City system into the CCW distribution system. To efficiently convey purchased
water from the Town of Forest City into the CCW distribution system it is proposed to
make a number of major improvements to the CCW distribution system in the vicinity
of Mooresboro. These improvements are as follows:
New metered connection with Town of Forest City on US 74 business
(Ellenboro Road) near Bostic Road.
20

• Construction of a new booster pump station on US 74 business near the new
metered connection designed to transfer water from the Town of Forest City
to the Mooresboro tank.
• Installation of 43,400 LF of 16" water line from the new Forest City master
meter along US 74 business to Oak Grove Church Road, then along Oak
Grove Church Road to Bugger Hollow Road and then Webb Road to the
CCW Mooresboro tank.
• Replace the existing 350,000 gallon Mooresboro stand pipe with a 500,000
gallon elevated tank with an overflow elevation of 1090 msl.
• Installation of 14,800 LF of 16" water line from the Mooresboro tank along
NC 120 to US 74 business (Ellenboro Road) and then along Ellenboro Road
to Mooresboro Road (SR 1327) and along Mooresboro Road to a connection
s....
point with an existing 6 water line.
• Construction of a new booster pump station on Moorps s r " "koad designed
to transfer water to the Polkville tank.
• Installation of 25,500 LF of 12" water line al6n VS 74 business from
Mooresboro Road (SR 1327) to Skinner Ro45,S 159) then southeast
along Skinner Road to Beaverdam Churchi1a },(R 1158).
• Installation of 21,600 LF of 12" water line frbm Beaverdam Church Road
(SR 1158) south along Skinner Road .(,'_ 1159) to NC 150 and then along
NC 150 to Burke Road (SR 1148)x,,
• Construction of a new booster pump 'station on Burke Road near NC 150
designed to pump water to the Ed fSon Springs tank.
• Installation of 37,000 LF a�. �� water line from Burke Road (SR 1148)
along to Sinai Church R, (2 1140) southward to NC 150 and connect to
an existing water 11n fil iJ)a is Road (SR 1107).
• New metered conrictio with City of Shelby on Highway 18 near NC 150.
• Installation of"20 00\ of 12" water line along NC 18 to Christopher Road
(SR 1105) an then to Sulphur Springs Road (SR 1100) to increase supply to
the Mid Plnb §,tank.
I°
The improvements to the CCW distribution system described above (see figure 1) are
required to efficiently transport water purchased from the City of Shelby into the CCW
distribution system and convey water to both the western and eastern sections of the
distribution system.
The preliminary cost estimate for this alternative and is shown in table FC -1. Cost for
the purchase of treatment plant capacity from the Town of Forest City as well as CCW
participation in the Forest City raw water intake, pump station and raw water line have
been included in the project cost along with an allowance for improvements to the
CCW distribution system to distribute water purchased from Forest City throughout the
21

system. The CCW ƒR65uo system i p o eme G include two new b m%£
pumping Rao 6
: ®
� � 7
22

The implementation of this alternative requires the construction of a booster pump
station to transfer water from the Forest City system to the CCW system. An analysis
23
TABLE FC -1
PURCHASE WATER
FROM FOREST CITY ALTERNATIVE
ESTIMATED PROJECT COSTS
ITEM
DESCRIPTION
QUANTITY
UNIT
UNIT PRICE
TOTAL
1
Mobilization
1
LS
$125,000
$125,000
2
16" DIP
45,200
LF
$110
$4,972,000
3
Roadway /Creek Crossings
1,200
LF
$300
$360,000
4
New Duplex 2,800 gpm pump
1
LS
$450,000
$450,000
station
5
300,000 gallon elevated tank
1
LS
t!t
$550,000
$550,000
6
Pavement Repairs
30,000
LF A` �`'_�
$40
$1,200,000
7
16" Gate Valves
15
a
$7,500
$112,500
8
Air Release Valve
8 Eath
$4,500
$36,000
9
Fire Hydrant Assembly
45
ach
$3,200
$144,000
10
Pump and SCADA Improvements
1 �,ty -`
Each
$225,000
$225,000
11
CCW Booster Pump station
2 o,
llit
N%
Each
$450,000
$900,000
12
CCW Water Distribution System
��
LF
$75
$1,875,000
Improvements (12" water line) 0
13
Master Meter Vault
Each
$25,000
$50,000
strr,:.
'''
sub-total >��
$10,999,500
>,r1 ��,,,,,.
Contingencies „t
$1,200,000
,,
r,
Engineering , ,
$1,600,000
t
Construction AdiYistration
$950,000
sub -tota o! }t
$14,749,500
'l
Purcha��4 MGD Treatment Plant
4,000,000
Per Gallon
$3.50
$14,000,000
Capacity from Forest City
Purchase 33% of the Forest City
0.33
Project
$15,500,000
$5,115,000
Broad River Raw Water Intake
Cost
facilities
$33,864,500
TOTAL
The implementation of this alternative requires the construction of a booster pump
station to transfer water from the Forest City system to the CCW system. An analysis
23

of the two systems indicates that 75 horsepower pumps will be required to deliver the
proposed 2800 gpm flow.
CCW must also purchase the excess water needed from the Town of Forest City in the
event of a drought. A cost of $1.85 per 1,000 gallons has been assumed for the
purchase of water.
The annual operation and maintenance cost for the proposed alternative is shown in
table 2.
rug;,
To compare each te� e the present worth value of each will be determined. The
present word " �he �1'takes into account both the estimated project cost and the
anticipated anYt at' peration and maintenance cost. A twenty (20) year planning period
has been utilized for the comparison of alternatives. The present worth value of this
alternative is based on a 20 year period, at a discount rate of 2.8%
(http: / /www.whitehouse.gov /omb/ circulars /a094 /a94_appx- c.html).
The 20 -year present worth cost for this alternative is therefore:
$33,864,500 + 663,600 * 15.589 = $41,645,560.
Purchase Water From Forest City Present Worth Cost = $44,209,360
24
TABLE FC -2
PURCHASE WATER FROM FOREST QtY ALTERNATIVE
ANNUAL OPERATING & MAIN, iNAN E COSTS
UNIT
ITEM
DESCRIPTION
QUANTITY
UN t..�,,,
PRICE
TOTAL
1
Electrical Cost 323,400
KW- rr,, "''� «�,- $0.12 $38,800
(pumping)
2
Water Purchases 108,000 "'A"""""'000
$1.85 $199,800
hllons
3
Repairs /replacements 1 °`r;
LS $300,000 $300,000
4
Miscellaneous repairs 1
LS $125,000 $125,000
7
Total Annual O& M
$663,600
,1111
rug;,
To compare each te� e the present worth value of each will be determined. The
present word " �he �1'takes into account both the estimated project cost and the
anticipated anYt at' peration and maintenance cost. A twenty (20) year planning period
has been utilized for the comparison of alternatives. The present worth value of this
alternative is based on a 20 year period, at a discount rate of 2.8%
(http: / /www.whitehouse.gov /omb/ circulars /a094 /a94_appx- c.html).
The 20 -year present worth cost for this alternative is therefore:
$33,864,500 + 663,600 * 15.589 = $41,645,560.
Purchase Water From Forest City Present Worth Cost = $44,209,360
24

(E) Hickory
The City of Hickory uses the Catawba River (Lake Hickory) as a raw water supply.
The city currently has available excess capacity. In addition to costs of transporting the
quantity of water needed by CCW, this alternative would require permission from the
North Carolina Environmental Management Commission (EMC) to transfer the
required amount of flow from the Catawba River basin to the Broad River basin.
The Cabarrus County cities of Kannapolis and Concord have an inter -basin transfer
certificate, approved in January 20007, to transfer 10 MGD from the Catawba River
basin and 10 MGD from the Yadkin River basin to the Rocky River basin. The cities
requested a transfer of up to 36.0 MGD from the Catawba River bassi; however up to
10.0 MGD was approved. The City of Hickory, as well as an n *b r "of towns and
counties in the Catawba River basin, passed resolutions ipj� },9 " ogition to the transfer.
Some of the reasons given for opposing the transfer of water from the Catawba River
basin are:
35�
• permanent removal of water from the Cat `�vbaRiver will reduce lake levels in
all 11 Catawba River lakes including Lie ickory;
1111 trJ�, s,
• aquatic life would lose water during irtcal summer low flow conditions;
i
• reduced water levels in the-, would result in additional conservation
measures during drought , , "-
• the transfer would "r "'o §y}1tvih reduced revenues needed to operate the public
water and sewer sysforn inside the basin; and
• cities and couri e§� *ithin the Catawba River Basin would lose water resources
for future ipc /6#0mic and population growth.
rf
l
A consorti Catawba River basin local governments, joined by the Catawba River
Foundation, appealed the decision by the North Carolina Environmental Management
Commission to grant the inter -basin transfer certificate. In addition, a bill is pending in
the North Carolina General Assembly that would change the laws governing the
transfer of water from one river basin to another. This legislation may make future
transfers an impossibility and could inhibit regional and intergovernmental
cooperation, according to the North Carolina Association of County Commissioners
(North Carolina Association of County Commissioners 2007).
At present, Charlotte - Mecklenburg Utilities also has an interbasin transfer certificate
(March 2002) to transfer water (33 MGD) from the Catawba River basin to the Rocky
River basin.
25

Given the opposition expressed by the City of Hickory to the inter -basin transfer
request, it is unlikely that the city would support such a request by the CCSD. Because
of potential legal issues and costs associated with implementation, this is not
considered to be a reasonable alternative. This alternative will therefore not be carried
forward for additional consideration.
3.2.8 New Water Treatment Plant on Broad River
In adjacent Rutherford County, the Broad River is the raw water source for the BRWA
and will be utilized by the Town of Forest City in the near future. e °City of Shelby
recently constructed a temporary emergency intake on the BroaA, River for use in
emergencies and a portion of the river and watershed wer,,,e'�asifed to WS N for
use as a water supply. Several other municipalities have expressed interest in future
utilization of the Broad River for water supply.
This alternative would consist of construction of 4,�newt lun -of -river type intake on the
Broad River and the utilization of the river for "d T w water supply in addition to the
111 ;ttrt se
First Broad River. Both the City of Shell, and the Town of Forest City have
documents plans for the future use of ad River as an alternative water source.
The safe yield of the Broad River is "eslixnated to be between 25.0 MGD and 42.0
a>
MGD depending upon the proposed ixtf ke location and based upon a withdrawal of 20
percent of low flow.
s,
{
t
26

1. References
ARCADIS. 2007. Purpose and Need Report, First Broad River Reservoir, Cleveland
County, NC. October 18.
Catawba Riverkeepers Foundation. No date. http : / /www.catawbariverkeeper.org /.
Accessed October 2007.
City of Hickory. 2007. http:// www .hickorygov.com/hickoryitb.html Accessed
October 8.
City of Kings Mountain and Cleveland County Sanitary Di, jrl . Contract for
Purchasing of Water. June 26.
City of Shelby. 2006. Shelby Water Supply Plan N(? ision of Water Resources
Review Draft. September 6.
tcw
tlh srJ7,r �,
Forest City. No date. http: / /www.townoffoit °fy.com /waterdept.html. Accessed
October 2007. �}
McGill Associates. May 2004. En, lg l ental Assessment for the Proposed First
Broad River Reservoir ,,-V w, t, ell d County, NC. Asheville, NC.
North Carolina Associ46' o ounty Commissioners. 2007. Legislative Bulletin
407 -25. July 11r
t
North Carol' D ion of Water Resources ( NCDWR). April 1989. Cleveland
County ''I'll, r Supply Survey.
Setzer, Britt. 2007. NCDENR Division of Environmental Health, Public Water
Supply Section. Personal communication with B. Smith (CCSD) [E -mail] on
October 4.
Murphrey, Rick. City of Kings Mountain. Letter dated January 15, 2009 to Clyde E.
Smith, Jr., Manager, Cleveland County Water.
27

DRAFT
IaII Naellmyl1i!10Z1*4ill1:14 at] :41
FIRST BROAD RIVER RESERVOIR
CLEVELAND COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
May 2011

DRAFT
Purpose and Need Report
First Broad River Reservoir
Cleveland County, NC
Prepared for.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Cleveland County Water
Prepared by
ARCADIS G &M of North Carolina, Inc.
801 Corporate Center Drive
Suite 300
Raleigh
North Carolina 27607
Tel [phone]
Fax [phone]
Prepared in cooperation with:
McGill Associates, Inc.
Fish and Wildlife Associates
Our Rel.
N C606005.0006. DEI S 9
Date:
May 2011

1
3.
Introduction
1
1.1
Proposed Action
1
1.2
Summary of Need for the Proposed Action
1
1.3
Purpose of the Proposed Action
2
1.4
Project Objectives
3
1.5
Project Setting
3
1.6
Water Resources
3
1.6.1 Sub -Basin 03 -08 -04
4
1.6.2 Sub -Basin 03 -08 -05
4
1.7
Project History
5
Cleveland County Water
6
2.1
Background
6
2.1.1 Sanitary Districts in Forth Carolina
6
2.1.2 History of Cleveland County Water
6
2.2
Facilities
7
2,2.1 Existing Facilities
7
2.2.2 Planned Facilities
7
2.3
Service Area
8
2.3.1 Existing Service Area
8
2.3.2 Future Service Area
8
2.4
Water Supply and Availability
9
2.4.1 Available Raw Water Supply
9
2.4.2 Issues Affecting Water Supply
10
Other Area Water Sources
13
3.1
John H. Moss Reservoir
13
3.2
First Broad River
13
3.3
Groundwater
14
3.3.1 Municipal Systems
15
DRAFT
Table of Contents

DRAFT
Table of Contents
3.3.2 Private Wells
15
3.4 Broad River
16
4. Water Demand
16
4.1 Population and Demographic Trends
17
4,11 Population Growth
€7
4.1.2 Housing
17
4.1.3 Population Projections
18
4.2 Economic Characteristics
19
4.2.1 Economic Base
19
4.2.2 Employment Centers and Major Employers
19
4.3 Land Use and Development
20
4.4 Water Demand Projections
21
4.4.1 Historical Water Demand
21
4.4.2 Water Supply Needs
22
4.4.3 No Build Modeling
23
5. Summary
23
6. References
24
Tables
1. NC Public Water Systems Serving Populations Over 40,000
2. Water Supply Source and Gage Data
3. Annual Discharge of First Broad River near Casar
4. Monthly Mean Discharge of First Broad River near Casar
5. Water Sources and Providers for Cleveland County
6. 50 -Year Population Growth for Cleveland County
7. Population Growth 1990 — 2000 by State, County, Municipality
8. Population Growth 1990 — 2000 by Census Tract
9. Housing Units 1990 — 2000 by State, County, Municipality
10. Projected Population Growth by State and County through 2030

DRAFT
Table of Contents
11, Projected Population Growth by County through 2060
12. Employment and Growth by Industry for Cleveland County 1995 - 2005
13. Cleveland County Top Industries
14. Water Usage Summary for Cleveland County Water, 1999 -2002
15. Water Usage Summary for Cleveland County Water, 2003 -2007
16. Residential and Non - residential Water Usage for Cleveland County Water,
1999 -20007
17. Daily Water Usage for Cleveland County Water (mgd), 2003 -2007
18. Water Demand for Cleveland County Water
Figures
1. Vicinity Map
2. Broad River Basin in North Carolina
3. Service Area
4. Census Tracts
5, Future Land Use
Appendix A
Proclamations and Resolutions

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1. Introduction
In accordance with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1969, as
amended, a planning, environmental, and engineering study is underway to increase
the water supply for Cleveland County Water. An Environmental Impact Statement
(EIS) will be prepared to describe and evaluate potential impacts to the natural, cultural
and human environments associated with the proposed action. This Purpose and
Need Statement will comprise the first chapter of the EIS.
The content of this document conforms to the requirements of Council on
Environmental Quality (CEQ) regulations, which provide direction regarding
implementation of the procedural provisions of NEPA. It is anticipated that any build
alternative selected will require U.S. Army Corps of Engineers ( USACE) permits;
therefore, the USACE is the lead agency for the EIS. The EIS will be prepared by a
third party in conformance with 33 CFR Part 325.
1.1 Proposed Action
The proposed action is to construct a water supply reservoir in the First Broad River
basin near 1_awndale in Cleveland County, North Carolina.
1.2 Summary of Need for the Proposed Action
It is projected that Cleveland County Water will need 7.91 million gallons per day (mgd)
of raw water by 2060 to meet average day demands and 11.51 mgd to meet maximum
day demands (see Section 4.4.2). At the Cleveland County Water intake on the First
Broad River, the estimated available raw water supply under low flow conditions is
5.94 mgd (see Section 2.4.1).
Historical records from 1940 through 2008 were used to assess the ability of
Cleveland County Water's existing run -of -river intake to supply future raw water
needs. Assuming a 70 cfs minimum flow requirement, the future average day
demand of 7.91 mgd would not be met on 9.7 percent of the days (2,434 out of
25,051 days). Of these, as many as 110 days would be consecutive. Water
shortages lasting at least 10 consecutive days would occur 4 percent of the time (see
Section 4.4.3).

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The First Broad River is insufficient to meet projected demands, based on the following
conditions:
• Fluctuations in the normal stream flow of the First Broad River vary widely and
affect water availability at the Cleveland County Water intake on a daily basis.
Cleveland County suffered a severe drought that peaked in 2002. The county
experienced another drought in 2008 and is susceptible to future droughts. A long-
term solution is needed to ensure adequate drinking water, especially during
drought conditions.
• Groundwater is not a reliable source of water in the Cleveland County area, as
wells either run dry or have low water levels. Water quality is also a concern. It is
estimated that approximately 8,000 housing units (approximately 20,240 persons)
rely on individual groundwater wells as the sole source of potable water. It is
expected that most of these residences will become Cleveland County Water
customers through the planning period (2060).
The population of Cleveland County Water's current service area is projected to
increase by approximately 6,000 persons by 2060. It is expected that these new
residents will be Cleveland County Water customers.
Based on continuing requests for service connections, it is evident that the need
for a dependable source of potable water does not stop at the county line.
Cleveland County Water already serves approximately 500 customers in Gaston,
Lincoln and Rutherford counties. Cleveland County Water plans to expand its
service area in areas that can be more easily and economically served by
Cleveland County Water rather than existing water systems in these counties.
1.3 Purpose of the Proposed Action
The purpose of the proposed action is to ensure a dependable water supply for
Cleveland County Water that meets projected long -term (2060) needs. A "dependable"
water supply will provide the district's needs and maintain required instream flows
(assuming water conservation measures are implemented in accordance with an
approved drought management plan).

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1.4 Project Objectives
Key project objectives, applicable to the Cleveland County Water service area, include
the following:
• develop an effective and efficient water supply system;
provide adequate water infrastructure that supports population growth and
economic development;
• maintain sufficient instream flow to support aquatic habitat and other uses;
• sustain required flow levels for downstream users; and
• respond to the needs of existing and future water customers.
1.5 Project Setting
Cleveland County is located in the southwestern Piedmont of North Carolina in the
foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains. Cleveland County is bordered by Gaston and
Lincoln counties on the east, Burke County on the north, Rutherford County on the
west, and South Carolina to the south. The primary transportation route is US 74,
which traverses the county in an east -west direction, connecting Interstates 85 and 26.
Interstate 85 traverses the southeastern corner of Cleveland County.
Shelby, the largest municipality in the county, is the county seat. Other municipalities
include Kings Mountain, Boiling Springs, Belwood, Casar, Earl, Fallston, Grover,
Kingstown, Lattimore, Lawndale, Mocresboro, Patterson Springs, Polkville, and Waco
(see Figure 1). The largest cities or towns, Shelby, Kings Mountain, and Boiling
Springs, are concentrated on or near the US 74 corridor. Despite the number of
incorporated towns, Cleveland County remains relatively rural overall. In 2000, most of
these municipalities had a population below 1,000 according to U.S. Census data.
(See Population and Demographic Trends, Section 4. 1.)
1.6 Water Resources
Most of Cleveland County is located in the Broad River Basin. A small area of eastern
Cleveland County is in the Catawba River Basin (see Figure 2). In North Carolina, the
Broad River Basin encompasses a 1,513 square mile watershed with headwaters in

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the mountains. The First Broad, Second Broad, and Green rivers are the major
tributaries of the Broad River. The First Broad River originates in Rutherford County
and flows into the Broad River in Cleveland County, just north of the South Carolina
border. The Broad River flows southeast into South Carolina, eventually flowing into
the Atlantic Ocean as the Cooper River at Charleston, South Carolina.
1.6.1 Sub -Basin 03 -08 -04
The Broad River Sub -basin (03 -08 -04) includes approximately 240 square miles and
encompasses the project area and approximately two- thirds of Cleveland County.
Land within this sub -basin is the transitional zone between the mountain and piedmont
eco- regions. According to the 2006 Basinwide Assessment Report for the Broad
River, land cover in this sub -basin is primarily forested (63 percent forest/wetland) and
pasture (31.2 percent pasture/managed herbaceous). Urbanized areas account for 2.7
percent of the land area in the sub - basin, while cultivated cropland includes 2.0 percent
of the land area in the sub - basin.
The North Carolina Division of Water Quality (NCDWQ) reports that water quality in
this sub -basin is good overall. Benthic macroinvertebrate data from three sites on the
First Broad River resulted in "Good" bioclassifications. None of the surface waters in
this sub -basin are considered to be impaired.
1.6.2 Sub -Basin 03 -08 -05
The Broad River Sub -basin (03- 08 -05) includes approximately 181 square miles and
encompasses most of eastern Cleveland County. This area is considered to be in the
piedmont eco - region, although some streams in the northern portion of the watershed
exhibit some mountain characteristics. Land use is dominated by forest and
agricultural activities (48.5 percent forest/wetland and 40.5 percent pasture/managed
herbaceous). While urban uses account for only 5.1 percent of total land cover, residential
development is increasing. Kings Mountain is the largest urban area in the sub - basin.
The NCDWQ reports that water quality in this sub -basin is good overall. None of the
surface waters in this sub -basin are considered to be impaired, although some water
quality issues have been documented.

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1.7 Project History
In 1989, the North Carolina Division of Water Resources (NCDWR) prepared the
Cleveland County Water Supply Study, at the request of the Cleveland County Board
of Commissioners. The study was prepared, in part, to project future water needs and
determine if future water needs (2030) will exceed existing supplies. The study
determined that existing systems were adequate to meet 2020 needs, with the
exception of the Town of Boiling Springs' well system. The town is now connected to
the City of Shelby's system. The study suggested that raw water supply availability
may be increased through capital improvements, such as reservoirs and offstream
storage.
The possibility of an impoundment on the First Broad River has been explored for a
number of years. The USACB studied a potential reservoir on the First Broad River in
1990. It was determined that a reservoir was not feasible for flood control purposes;
however, a reservoir might be feasible for water supply purposes (USAGE 1990).
The 1995 Cleveland County Land Use Plan, adopted by the Cleveland County Board
of Commissioners in November 1995, included the following recommendation:
"Support the development of a 50 million gallon raw water reservoir for the Cleveland
County Sanitary District."
A feasibility study for the First Broad River Reservoir was completed by McGill
Associates in 1997. The study concluded that a reservoir would be needed by 2029
and recommended an impoundment on the First Broad River (McGill 1997).
The water shortages experienced during the 2002 drought demonstrated the need for
a more dependable water supply. Since that time, Cleveland County Water has
continued to work towards this goal. Additional information about drought conditions is
provided in Section 2.4.2.3.
The adopted 2005 Cleveland County Land Use Plan notes that a reservoir site has
been chosen and the project is in the environmental permitting stage. The 2005 plan's
Land Use Plan Map shows a reservoir site.

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2. Cleveland County Water
2.1 Background
2.1.1 Sanitary Districts in North Carolina
Cleveland County Water was established under North Carolina statutes as a sanitary
district. In North Carolina, a sanitary district is a special governmental unit created for
the purpose of preserving and promoting the public health and welfare. A sanitary
district is formed with the consent of a majority of property owners in the proposed
district. The North Carolina Commission for Public Health and the Board of
Commissioners of the county (or counties) where the proposed district is located create
the sanitary district by adopting an ordinance setting the corporate boundaries of the
district. According to North Carolina general statutes (G.S.), a sanitary district may be
established without regard for county, township or municipal lines. (However, approval
by a municipality is required before including any part of a municipality in the sanitary
district.)
A sanitary district has the power to acquire, construct, maintain and operate water
supply systems and water purification or treatment plants and other utilities "within and
outside the corporate limits of the district, as may be necessary for the preservation of
the public health and sanitary welfare outside the corporate limits of the district, within
reasonable limitation" (G.S. 130A -55). Corporate powers set by North Carolina
statutes also include the power to levy taxes on property within the district; to acquire
by purchase or condemnation, property, easements, and rights -of -way inside or
outside the district; to negotiate and enter into agreements with other water suppliers in
order to carry out the purpose of the sanitary district. A sanitary district has the
authority to levy taxes only within its corporate boundaries but the sanitary district may
set a different rate for customers inside and outside the corporate boundaries of the
district. The statutes also set provisions for expanding the corporate boundaries of a
sanitary district. A complete list of corporate powers of a sanitary district is included in
G.S. 130A -55.
21.2 History of Cleveland County Water
Cleveland County Water was established in accordance with state statutes as the
Upper Cleveland County Sanitary District in 1980. In 1984, the Upper Cleveland
County Sanitary District started supplying water to 1,200 customers. By the late
1980s, the Piedmont Metropolitan Water District had formed in southern Cleveland

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County to address dry wells and poor water quality in the southern portion of the
county. The two districts merged in 1989 to form the Cleveland County Sanitary
District. By 1990, the sanitary district was serving 16,800 customers with 5,600
meters. In February 2008 upon approval of the North Carolina Commission for Health
Services, the Cleveland County Sanitary District changed its name to Cleveland
County Water.
In July 2008, Cleveland County Water was providing water to approximately 45,155
residential customers with 18,374 active meters. With approximately 3,000 inactive
meters also on the system, the total number of residential customers could increase to
over 52,700. Cleveland County Water covers approximately 80 percent of the
geographic area of the county and is one of the fastest growing water providers in
North Carolina. Cleveland County Water has averaged 520 new taps per year since
1999 and this trend is expected to continue over the next 5 years.
2.2 Facilities
2.2.1 Existing Facilities
Cleveland County Water uses the First Broad River as the source for a 6.0 mgd water
plant. Cleveland County Water operates raw water intakes and a pump station at the
confluence of the First Broad River and Knob Creek. The raw water intake facility can
withdraw a maximum of 10 mgd from the First Broad River and Knob Creek. The
current average daily withdrawal is 3.70 mgd. The distribution system includes
approximately 1,000 miles of water lines and several finished water storage tanks. In
addition, Cleveland County Water has emergency connections with Kings Mountain;
Shelby; the Broad River Water Authority; and Grassy Pond, a small system in southern
Cleveland County.
2.2.2 Planned Facilities
Cleveland County Water plans to expand its water treatment plant capacity in
anticipation of system growth. As the first phase of water treatment plant expansion,
Cleveland County Water plans to build off - stream storage sized to accommodate a 10
mgd water treatment plant. This off - stream storage is required by state code in order
to provide an unpolluted storage reserve in the event of contaminant spills. With a
capacity of 50 million gallons, the off - stream storage will provide a 5 -day supply of
water. The storage facility has been permitted by the USACE (permit number
200531774) and will be operational in 2011. Future expansion may also include

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expansion of the filters to 8 mgd, expansion of the distribution pumps to 10 mgd, and
upgrading the water treatment plant capacity to 10 mgd.
2.3 Service Area
2.3.1 Existing Service Area
Cleveland County Water provides water to most rural areas of the county; the towns of
Belwood, Casar, Earl, Kingstown, Lattimore, Mooresboro, Patterson Springs, Polkville,
and Waco; and on a contract basis to the town of Fallston. Cleveland County Water
also has lines extending into Gaston, Lincoln, and Rutherford counties. Cleveland
County Water has connections extending to Boiling Springs, Fallston, and Lawndale for
emergency use. The Cleveland County Water service area boundary is based on
topography and the hydraulic grade line of the distribution system, which includes
existing finished water storage tanks. Cleveland County Water's service area is shown
in Figure 3.
2.3.2 Future Service Area
As evidenced by the existing service area and requests from property owners, the
need for water does not stop at the Cleveland County line. Cleveland County Water
plans to continue to expand its distribution system into areas of Rutherford, Lincoln,
and Gaston counties which can be more easily and economically served by Cleveland
County Water rather than existing water systems in these counties. Future service
area is shown on Figure 3.
Cleveland County Water owns a water storage tank in northern Cleveland County near
Casar, as well as a smaller water storage tank on Moriah School Road near the
Rutherford County line. These tank locations allow for service into the northern part of
Rutherford County. Near the Polkville area of Cleveland County, Cleveland County
Water owns a tank which provides water service to the areas of Cleveland County west
of the First Broad River. The location of this Polkville tank and the hydraulic service
area provided from the tank also permits economical service into the eastern part of
Rutherford County.
The boundary for the Rutherford County future service area is based on topography
and resulting hydraulic constraints and existing service areas for other water providers
in the county. For example, in the northern part of Rutherford County, Cherry
Mountain, located southwest of NC 226, provides a natural drainage boundary

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between the First Broad River to the east and the Second Broad River to the west.
This natural geographic boundary makes the provision of water service farther
westward uneconomical due to hydraulic constraints.
Generally, the Rutherford County expansion area stretches from just north of the First
Broad River to the Second Broad River to the south. The western boundary follows
ridge lines and property lines. Future water service to the east of this boundary is not
feasible and water service to the west of the boundary will be provided by existing
water systems located in Rutherford County, either the BRWA, the Town of Ellenboro
or the Town of Forest City.
Future service to the east of Cleveland County by Cleveland County Water into Lincoln
and Gaston counties is limited by system hydraulics similar to those described above.
The eastern service area boundary in Lincoln County and Gaston County as shown on
the "Service Area" map (Figure 3) is the ridge line between the Broad River Basin and
the Catawba River basins. Future service into these two adjoining counties is
proposed entirely within the Broad River Basin and outside the Cherryville city limits.
2.4 Water Supply and Availability
2.4.1 Available Raw Water Supply
An updated 7Q10 was used as a basis for determining available raw water supply.
According to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), informal low -flow analysis completed
for the gage station on the First Broad River at Casar indicates a 7Q10 of 15.4 cfs. At
a drainage area of 60.5 square miles, the 7Q10 is the equivalent of 0.25 cfs per square
mile (cfsm). [Note: The period of record for this analysis is the 1959 through 2007
climatic years, ending March 31, 2008.] At the Cleveland County Water intake site,
with a drainage area of 181 square miles, the 7Q10 was estimated to be 46.07 cfs.
Based on the new 7Q10 calculation, the available raw water supply from the First
Broad River at the Cleveland County Water intake is estimated to be 9.21 cfs or 5.94
mgd. This is based on minimum criteria under the North Carolina State Environmental
Policy Act that limit withdrawals to no more than 20 percent of the 7Q10 flow in the
absence of an instream flow study of aquatic habitat showing that larger withdrawals
are acceptable.

2.4.2 Issues Affecting Water Supply
The river's capacity to supply water to Cleveland County Water is substantially affected
by other demands on the river and by fluctuations in the normal stream flow.
Downstream from the Cleveland County Water intake, the City of Shelby also relies on
the First Broad River for water; therefore, downstream conveyance to the city's intake
is a concern. The First Broad River receives wastewater treatment plant discharges,
mainly from the City of Shelby, and is used for agricultural irrigation purposes. An
instream flow regime is also required to sustain the aquatic community within the river.
Other instream uses for water can include water quality maintenance and prevention of
sediment build -up.
2.4.2.1 Aquatic Habitat
The NCDWR determines flow requirements for streams to ensure aquatic habitat
protection. The aquatic habitat target flow' was determined to be 70 cfs (45.16 mgd) at
the previous Cleveland County Water intake (Sutherland 1992). Cleveland County
Water was allowed to take 5 mgd without instream flow limits, but could take an
additional amount up to a total of 6 mgd if a flow of 70 cfs was maintained immediately
downstream of the intake. At the current intake location, no minimum flow or
withdrawal constraint is required (Sutherland 1997).
2.4.2.2 National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
Point source dischargers located throughout North Carolina are regulated through the
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) program. The NPDES
program was established to control point - source discharges of water pollution.
Dischargers are required by law to register for a permit. The permitting process
includes determining the quality and quantity of treated wastewater that the receiving
' According to the Cleveland County Water Supply Survey (NCDWR 1989), instream target
flows are based on maintaining one dominant instream use or a combination of uses. During
those times when natural flows are below the target flow, projects capable of flow augmentation
should maintain the target flow, while others without flow augmentation should use the naturally
occurring flow as the temporary target.
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stream can assimilate, incorporating input from stream modeling, collaborating with
NCDWQ Regional Office staff, and evaluation of the discharger's location.
According to NCDWQ, there are eleven permitted dischargers within the 03 -08 -04 sub -
basin, three of which are considered major dischargers. Of the eleven dischargers, the
City of Shelby Waste Water Treatment Plant (major), the City of Shelby Water
Treatment Plan (minor), Cleveland County Water (minor), and an industrial facility
(major) discharge to the First Broad River. The First Broad River plays an important
role as a receiving stream for treated wastewater.
2.4.2.3 Drought Conditions
Water systems such as Cleveland County Water that rely on run -of -river type intakes
are particularly susceptible to water shortages during drought conditions. The drought
that Cleveland County experienced from 1999 to 2002 highlighted the need for a more
dependable water source. The drought was so severe that Governor Michael Easley
declared a State of Disaster and State of Emergency existed in the Cleveland County
Water service area and the City of Shelby. Cherryville, located in Gaston County to the
east, was also named in the proclamation. In addition, local proclamations were issued
by Cleveland County, excluding the City of Kings Mountain, and by the City of Shelby.
In July and August of 2002 the flow at the Cleveland County Water intake dropped to
3.0 mgd (McGill 2004). Also during that time, the available supply at the City of Shelby
water intake dropped to less that 1.50 mgd (McGill 2004). As a result, water
restrictions were imposed and Cleveland County Water and the City of Shelby were
forced to find alternative means to provide water to their customers. To provide some
relief, the Broad River Water Authority ,al lowed an emergency connection to the
Cleveland County Water system. However, this connection could only supply water to
approximately 200 customers because of the six -inch pipe size and the difference in
elevation of the two systems' tanks.
Even during drought conditions, Moss Lake provided a more than adequate supply of
water to the Kings Mountain service area. The City of Kings Mountain was able to
provide water to Shelby customers through an emergency connection with the City of
Shelby water system. This connection is to provide water only during periods of a
declared emergency. Shelby also pumped water from a small privately owned lake,
and implemented water restrictions in order to continue to supply water to their
customers during the drought (McGill 2004). To prepare for future drought conditions,
the City of Shelby and Cleveland County Water installed an emergency 30 -inch water
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line to the Broad River after the 2002 drought. It should be noted that the Broad River
may also be at risk during drought conditions and the location of the intake requires
water to be pumped. However, USGS gage data indicates that during the 2002 and
2008 droughts there was sufficient water in the Broad River to meet water supply
needs. As the demand for water in the Cleveland County Water and City of Shelby
service areas increases, Moss Lake will not be sufficient to supply these areas during
drought.
Droughts also occurred in the area in 1977 and 1986 (Cawthon 2005) and the area
was also in drought in 2008. According to the U.S. Drought Monitor, Cleveland County
experienced exceptional drought in August 2008. While the area did not experience
the degree of water shortage experienced during the drought that peaked in 2002,
water levels werea cause for concern. Such concerns are documented in news
articles published in the Shelby Star in the summers of 2005 (Cawthon 2005) and 2006
(DeLea 2006), and again in June 2008 (Wilson 2008). Large amounts of rainfall that
occur in relatively short periods of time are not helpful towards easing drought
conditions because there are no provisions for capturing water. Steady rains over a
longer period of time are needed to restore the water table and increase stream flows.
2,4,2.4 Run -of Riverintake
Of the 32 water providers in North Carolina serving a population of 40,000 or more, 16
depend on reservoirs as their primary water source, while three depend on
groundwater. The remaining 13 water providers, including Cleveland County Water,
depend on run -of -river type intakes for water supply (see Table 1.) These intakes are
located on the Cape Fear River (Fayetteville, Wilmington, Harnett County, Brunswick
County, Sanford), Yadkin River (Davidson, Salisbury), Tar River (Greenville), Neuse
River (Johnston County), Catawba River (Union County), and the First Broad River
(Cleveland County). With the exception of the First Broad River, these are considered
major rivers in North Carolina. Table 2 compares the size of watersheds and river
volume for these water systems. Based on data from the gage at Casar, the First
Broad River in proximity to the Cleveland County Water intake has the lowest mean
and median flow.
Even in non- drought conditions, fluctuations in the normal stream flow can vary widely
and affect available water on a daily basis. The USGS maintains a surface water
gaging station on the First Broad River near Casar. For illustrative purposes, annual
discharge data beginning in 1960 is included in Table 3. As the table indicates, annua
discharge during the 45 -year period varied from a high of 139.3 cfs (89.9 mgd) in 1960
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and 1975, to a low of 26.8 cfs (17.3 mgd) in 2002. A breakdown of this data by month
further illustrates the variation in flows of the First Broad River (see Table 4.) Daily
flows are recorded by the Casar gage beginning March 1, 1959. Daily records are
available on the USGS website: http: / /waterdata.usgs.gov /nwis.
3. Other Area Water Sources
The existing sources of potable water in Cleveland County are Moss Lake, the First
Broad River, and groundwater. The Broad River is a source of limited drinking water
during emergencies. Water sources and providers for Cleveland County are shown in
Table 5.
3.1 John H. Moss Reservoir
The John H. Moss Reservoir (Moss Lake), an impoundment on Buffalo Creek, is the
raw water supply for the City of Kings Mountain and the Town of Grover. Moss Lake
has a total drainage area of approximately 68 square miles in eastern Cleveland
County. The City of Kings Mountain operates an 8.0 mgd water treatment plant
adjacent to the lake. The city provides water only within its corporate limits and to its
municipal customer, the Town of Grover. However, the city permitted the construction
of an emergency connection with the City of Shelby water system during the 2002
drought to provide water only for emergency purposes. According to the city, the water
provided by Moss Lake is sufficient to meet demands of its service area through 2050
and beyond. In 2007 Kings Mountain permitted the construction of an emergency
connection with Cleveland County Water.
3.2 First Broad River
In addition to Cleveland County Water, the f=irst Broad River is also the water source
for the City of Shelby, the Town of Boiling Springs. (Boiling Springs purchases water
from Shelby.)
The City of Shelby has a raw water intake on the First Broad River which supplies
water to the city's water treatment plant. Treatment facilities include three off - stream
raw water reservoirs. The intake location has a drainage area of approximately 226
square miles. Shelby's water treatment plant has a capacity of 12.0 mgd and current
average daily water treated is 4.2 mgd. Demand has decreased in recent years as
several manufacturing plants in the city have closed. Peak demand (2005) is
approximately 6 mgd compared to 8 to 9 mgd in past years (City of Shelby Strategic
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Growth Plan 2005). The City of Shelby provides water on a wholesale basis to the
Town of Boiling Springs. The contract amount in 2002 was 1.0 mgd (Shelby Water
Supply Plan 2002).
The City of Shelby Water and Wastewater Planning Report sets a future water service
area boundary that extends beyond the current city limits. Shelby's water system is
encircled by the Cleveland County Water service area, which limits the ability of the city
to expand its water system. Expansion of Shelby's water service area and annexation
in areas already served by Cleveland County Water could affect the district's customer
base to some degree.
According to the city's Strategic Growth Plan, "when the city annexes new areas, it
cannot take these annexed homes and businesses into its water system customer
base." However, according to Brad Cornwell, Shelby Public Utilities Director, "the city
can require connection to the public water system if the building or structure is within
300 feet of such public water main and the property abuts a street where a public water
main is available" (Cornwell 2007). There is no city policy to specifically address
annexation of areas served by Cleveland County Water. In the past, the city has
chosen not to provide water in most cases where the annexed area is already served
by Cleveland County Water, but reserves the right in the future to construct water
facilities if it is feasible (Cornwell 2007). At a minimum, the city is required to provide
increased flows for fire protection to these annexed areas.
Based on the City of Shelby's 2002 Water Supply Plan, average daily water demands
for the city's service area are projected to be 8.7 mgd by 2050, including contract sales
of 1.0 mgd. Assuming an average day to maximum day multiplier of 1.5,
approximately 13 mgd would be needed in 2050.
3.3 Groundwater
In Cleveland County, the primary problem associated with dependence on
groundwater as a source for potable water is a natural shortage in water, with either
very low water levels in wells or wells running dry. It is sometimes necessary to drill
several wells before finding water (North Carolina Division of Water Resources 1989).
Property owners have to assume the risk and cost of drilling dry wells in their search for
a suitable yielding well. It is more cost effective to connect to a water system if
available.
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Water quality is also a problem. For example, residents of the Town of Mooresboro
relied on wells as their source for potable water prior to 2005. Many residents had to
bleach their well water to sanitize it, and in 2003 E. coli bacteria were discovered in 6 of
11 wells tested (Scott 2004). Also, some wells ran dry during the 2002 drought. The
town was connected to the Cleveland County Water system in 2005.
In some areas of the county, both recharge and discharge areas display high
concentrations of iron and manganese in the groundwater. Water treatment for these
metals is necessary (North Carolina Division of Water Resources 1989). Where iron or
manganese is not a problem, the groundwater may require chlorination. In addition,
lithium has been detected in groundwater in the Cherryville and Bessemer City vicinity
of Gaston County. (Cleveland County Water already has nearly 100 customers in
Gaston County.) Costs associated with water treatment, whether for a municipal
system or individual well, are ultimately borne by the end user. Additional treatment
can potentially be a significant expense (Selzer 2007).
3.3.1 Municipal Systems
The towns of Lawndale and Fallston rely on groundwater for their primary water supply.
Lawndale draws its water supply from two wells with a combined average daily
withdrawal of 0.058 mgd for 287 connections (Lawndale Water Supply Plan 2002). In
the Town of Fallston, three wells provide an average daily withdrawal of 0.046 mgd.
l allston supplements this supply with water purchases from Cleveland County Water.
In 2002, the average daily amount provided to Fallston was 0.001 mgd, with a contract
amount of 0.002 mgd, according to the draft 2002 Fallston water supply plan.
3.3.2 Private Wells
Groundwater is the water source for numerous residences throughout rural Cleveland
County. However, very little data is available regarding private wells in the county.
Until recently, Cleveland County did not require permits for private wells and the county
Health Department inspected wells only upon request. In July 2006, the state of North
Carolina mandated that all counties adopt drinking water well regulations. House Bill
2873 requires all North Carolina counties to implement a private drinking water well
permitting, inspection, and testing program. As a result, Cleveland County adopted
"Rules Governing the construction, Inspection, Repair, Abandonment, and Water
Quality Testing of Private Drinking Water Wells in Cleveland County." The ordinance
was effective July 1, 2007.
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It is estimated that approximately 8,000 housing units in Cleveland County rely on
groundwater for potable water. A number of these have a metered connection to the
Cleveland County Water system; however, the meter is inactive. In 1992, the county
began requiring new residences to tie on to Cleveland County Water lines if they were
available (McCarter 2006).
3.4 Broad River
In Cleveland County, the Broad River is not currently used as a water source for
everyday use. The City of Shelby and Cleveland County Water have a 30 -inch raw
water line from the Broad River to the Shelby water treatment plant. The raw water
line and a pumping station were constructed as a result of the 2002 drought, as
mentioned in Section 2.4.2.3. Cleveland County Water is also equipped to obtain
small quantities of water from the Broad River in emergencies.
In Rutherford County, the Broad River is the primary water source for the Broad River
Water Authority. Several municipalities, including Forest City and some in South
Carolina, plan to use the Broad River as a water source.
4. Water Demand
Increases in future water supply needs for Cleveland County Water will be affected by
new customers in the existing service area and service area expansion into adjacent
counties. Within the existing service area (Figure 3), new metered connections are
expected due primarily to well conversions and population growth. As discussed in
Section 2.2.3, groundwater is not expected to be a reliable source of potable water in
Cleveland County. Groundwater quality and drought conditions (wells drying up) will
likely result in increased demand for water from Cleveland County Water. Population
trends and economic conditions that may affect population growth in the county and
the type of users (e.g., commercial and industrial users) are discussed in the following
sections. (Note: This information is provided primarily to describe existing
socioeconomic conditions in Cleveland County and was not directly used in the
population projections. The North Carolina State Demographics Unit (Office of State
Management and Budget) provided population projections through 2029.)
Cleveland County Water's service area and future demand will also be influenced, but
to a lesser degree, by annexation and government policies. For example, as
discussed in Section 2.2.1, it is the policy of the City of Kings Mountain not to provide
water outside its corporate limits (other than to the Town of Grover.) In addition, recent
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state legislation requiring county well inspection programs could result in more
requests to connect to Cleveland County Water's system.
As previously noted, Cleveland County Water provides water to some customers in
adjacent counties. The sanitary district plans to continue to expand its service area
into these counties as requested. Demand in these areas will also be largely based on
population growth and problems with groundwater. Cleveland County Water's future
service area expansion in adjacent counties is shown in Figure 3.
4.1 Population and Demographic Trends
4.1.1 Population Growth
Cleveland County experienced moderate population growth of approximately 14
percent from 1990 to 2000. Historical population data indicate similar growth rates in
the 1960s and 1970s, but a substantially lower growth rate in the 1980s of less than 2
percent (see Table 6). While U.S. Census data indicate substantial growth in municipal
population from 1990 to 2000, some of that growth is due to expansion of corporate
limits. Shelby, in particular, can attribute most of its population gain during that period
to an aggressive annexation program. An examination of population growth by census
tract indicates that the highest population growth occurred in the southern and eastern
areas of the county, with population declines in the central areas of Shelby and Kings
Mountain. A breakdown of 1990 to 2000 population growth by municipality and census
tract is provided in Tables 7 and 8, respectively. Census tracts are shown on Figure 4.
From 1990 to 2000, approximately 4,066 county residents were added to the
Cleveland County Water service area. Population growth in the service area was
estimated by excluding population in Shelby, Soiling Springs, Kings Mountain, and
Grover from the overall county population. (Note: Fallston and Lawnda9e were
included in the service area because these municipalities use groundwater and are
potential Cleveland County Sanitary District customers.)
4.1.2 Housing
The increase in housing units is another indicator of water demand. The number of
housing units in Cleveland County increased by nearly 18 percent (6,085 units) from
1990 to 2000 (Table 9). The number of housing units added in the Cleveland County
Water service area is estimated to be 2,710 units (Table 9). Like population growth,
the increase in the number of housing units in Shelby is largely due to annexation. The
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greater increase in the percentage of housing units as compared to population
increase could indicate a trend in the reduction of household size or an increase in the
supply of vacant housing during this period. According to the US Census, the average
household size for Cleveland County in 2000 was 2.53 persons, while the average
household size in 1990 was slightly higher at 2.59. In addition, the percentage of
vacant housing rose from 6.4 percent to 8.1 percent of total housing during this period.
A breakdown of 1990 to 2000 housing units by state, county, and municipality is
provided in Table 9.
4.1.3 Population Projections
In May 2009 the North Carolina State Demographics Unit (Office of State Management
and Budget) provided county population projections through 2029. Population through
2060 was projected using an average annual growth rate based on the state's
projected growth from 2005 through 2029. It was assumed that each county would
experience this same average growth rate over the next 30 years through 2060.
Population growth in Cleveland County will continue to be influenced by proximity to
major metropolitan areas, the Charlotte- Gastonia area in particular, and proximity to
major transportation routes. Within Cleveland County, population growth is expected
to a greater extent in the southern and southeastern portions of the county.
The North Carolina State Demographics Unit projects that Cleveland County will grow
by approximately 12.6 percent from 2005 to 2029, reaching a population of 108,553 by
2029. In comparison, the state of North Carolina is expected to grow by approximately
44 percent during the same period. Assuming a constant growth rate for the next 30-
year period, Cleveland County's population would reach nearly 127,509 by 2060.
In addition to growth in Cleveland County, growth in the adjacent counties of
Rutherford, Lincoln and Gaston will also play a role in future water demand for
Cleveland County Water. (Note: The population in the adjacent counties' portion of
the future service area was estimated using census data at the block level. The
boundaries for the census blocks closely correspond to the future service area
boundary. It was assumed that the population of these future service areas will grow at
the same rate as the county overall.)
The North Carolina State Demographics Unit projects that Rutherford County's
population will increase by approximately 26 percent from 2005 to 2029. During the
same period, Gaston County's population is expected to increase by approximately 56
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percent, while Lincoln County's population is expected to increase by nearly 70
percent. A constant growth rate was assumed to project population growth through
2060. It was also assumed that the growth in the future service area portion of these
counties will grow at the same rate as the counties overall.
Population projections are shown in Tables 10 and 11.
4.2 Economic Characteristics
4.2.1 Economic Base
Cleveland County is ranked one of the top ten best small markets by Southern
Business and Development magazine (Charlotte Regional Partnership 2006). The
county boasts easy access from four major interstate highways (1 -85, 1-77, 1 -26, and
1 -40) and the Charlotte Douglas International Airport, making geography one of its
prime assets.
Although Cleveland County's economy was once dependent upon textile
manufacturing, the county's economy is diverse, with no dependence on any one
industry. From 1995 to 2005, manufacturing jobs in the county decreased by 7,609
jobs; however, manufacturing still dominates in terms of number of jobs. Employment
by industry is shown in Table 12.
4.2.2 Employment Centers and Major Employers
According to the North Carolina Department of Commerce, the top manufacturers in
Cleveland County include PPG Industries Fiberglass Products, Eaton Corporation, and
Entertainment Distribution Company. The top non - manufacturing employers in
Cleveland County are Cleveland County Schools, Cleveland Regional Medical Center,
Cleveland County government, and Gardner -Webb University. Cleveland County's top
employers are listed in Table 13
As indicated on Table 13, the county's employment centers are primarily in and around
the cities of Shelby and Kings Mountain. In addition, major retail centers are the
Cleveland Mali in Shelby and the uptown Shelby, Kings Mountain, and Boiling Springs
areas.
There are several major industrial parks in Cleveland County. The Cleveland County
Industrial Park is located in Kings Mountain. The 250 -acre park is home to Sara Lee
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Intimate Apparel, which recently expanded; MRA Industries; and Owens & Minor.
Cleveland County recently assembled a 210 -acre industrial park to help with industrial
recruitment efforts in the county. The site has rail access and is located near the
proposed US 74 Bypass, just west of Shelby.
The {North Carolina Department of Commerce is currently marketing 18 buildings and
45 sites in Cleveland County for commercial or industrial use. According to marketing
information, Cleveland County Water would provide water to 21 of these properties.
A total of 30 properties would likely rely on the First Broad River for water supply.
Industrial recruitment efforts are enhanced by several tax credit and incentive
programs that are available to industries that locate or expand in Cleveland County.
For example, firms such as manufacturing and processing operations, warehousing
and distribution plants, and data processing firms that pay at least 110 percent of the
average county wage are eligible for tax incentives under the William S. Lee Quality
Jobs and Business Expansion Program.
4.3 Land Use and Development
Development trends, projected future land use patterns, and local land use policies and
regulations were examined to determine the potential effect on future water demand
and the distribution of that demand.
Historically, development patterns in Cleveland County have largely been influenced by
transportation corridors. The arrival of the railroad spurred growth in the 1870s and
established Shelby as a cotton market and textile manufacturing center. Shelby and
Kings Mountain, the largest cities in the county, are located along US 74, an east -west
route that traverses North Carolina. Growth in the county continues to be influenced by
proximity to I -85, which traverses the southeastern corner of the county, and by
proximity to the Charlotte- Gastonia area. Gardner -Webb University, located in Boiling
Springs, also played a role in the growth and development of the southern area of
Cleveland County. According to the Cleveland County Planning Director, growth in this
southern portion of the county is expected to continue.
Cleveland County residents have favored rural or suburban areas to municipalities.
The distribution of municipal and rural /suburban population in the county for the period
1950 to 2000 shows that at least 57 percent of the population lived in rural and
suburban areas during that time. In 2000, 56,334 of the county's 96,287 residents, or
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nearly 60 percent, lived in rural and suburban areas. Another trend is the loss of
population from the central -city areas in Shelby and Kings Mountain.
The Cleveland County Future Land Use Map, adopted as part of the Cleveland County
2005 Land Use Plan, identifies generalized land use patterns through 2015 (see Figure
5). The land use plan map indicates that growth in the county is expected in the
central and southern areas with rural residential uses primarily to the north and west.
(Rural residential includes residential uses with a 1 -acre minimum lot size and limited
commercial uses.) In addition, most of this northern area is in a protected water supply
watershed. The predominant land use designation in the central portion of the county
(outside municipalities) is residential. Much of this area, which is not in the protected
water supply watershed area, is zoned for a one -half acre minimum lot size. Also in
this central area, several large employment centers outside municipalities are indicated
by light industrial, heavy industrial and commercial designations. These areas are
located in proximity to major transportation corridors on the periphery of municipalities.
4.4 Water Demand Projections
4.41 Historical Water Demand
Available historical water plant records (1999 — 2007) were evaluated to provide a
basis for projecting future raw water supply needs. Historical records were provided by
sidential and non - residential use categories. Non- revenue water usage and
unaccounted flow records were available for the previous five years (2003 — 2007).
Historical records are shown in Tables 14, 15, and 16.
The average residential demand was estimated to be 150.6 gpd per metered
connection. Using the Census reported average household size for Cleveland County
of 2.53 persons, water usage was 59.5 gallons per capita per day (gpcd).
Average non - residential demand was estimated to be 465.9 gpd per metered
connection. Also, from 1999 to 2007 an average of 9.2 non - residential meters were
added to the system each year.
Non - revenue water includes water used for system processes such as backwash, line
cleaning and flushing. From 2003 -2007, non - revenue water usage averaged 1.2
percent of the total water plant production. From 2003 -2007, unaccountable water loss
averaged 18.88 percent of the total water plant production. Unaccountable water
includes water used for fire protection and water lost due to leaks and unknown uses.
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These percentages of non - revenue water and unaccountable water can vary from
system to system depending on how specific uses of water are defined and
categorized.
4.4.2 Water Supply Needs
Future water demand was projected for Cleveland County Water based on
population projections and historical water demand records. Average daily demands
for Cleveland County Water are projected to be 7.91 mgd by 2060, while maximum
daily demands are expected to be 11.51 mgd in 2060, based on the number of
existing wells, the projected population growth for Cleveland County, and the
district's expansion plans (see Figure 3).
The "Rules Governing Public Water Systems" as adopted by the NC Department of
Environmental Health, Public Water Supply Section specify that maximum daily
demands are to be used for planning and design purposes. The rules, found in Title
15A, Subchapter 18C of the North Carolina Administrative Code, define "maximum
daily demand" as the average of the two highest consecutive days of record of the
water treated during the previous year. The maximum daily demand to average daily
demand ratio for Cleveland County Water for 2003 through 2007 is 1.414:1. (See
Table 18.) It is important that water supply systems are planned and designed to
supply enough water to meet the maximum daily demand.
In addition to utilizing historical data, several assumptions were made to estimate
future water demand. First, it was assumed that the service area population as a
percentage of overall county population would remain constant. In Cleveland
County, this assumption is supported by past trends regarding the distribution of the
county's population in urban, suburban and rural areas. It was also assumed that
new residential construction in Cleveland County Water's service area would connect
to Cleveland County Water. Projected water demands include an additional 375
connections per year through 2015 due to wells converting. It was assumed that by
2030, all estimated residential wells would be converted to Cleveland County Water.
In adjacent counties, it was assumed that Cleveland County Water's customer base
would continue to expand to include up to 98 percent of the Rutherford County,
Lincoln County and Gaston County expansion areas. In addition, an average of 9.3
new non-residential customers will be added to the Cleveland County Water system
per year with water usage continuing at rates similar to the previous nine years.
Future demand through 2060 for Cleveland County Water, including customers in
adjacent counties, is shown in Table 18.
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4.4.3 No Build Modeling
A No Build scenario was modeled in order to assess the ability of Cleveland County
Water's existing run -of -river intake to supply future raw water needs. Specifically, the
purpose of the model was to determine the number of days when there is inadequate
water in the First Broad River to meet future needs, as described in Section 4.4.2.
The model is based on a synthesized period of record from two USGS gaging
stations (Casar and Lawndale) from March 1940 to September 2008. The model
assumes that up to 6 mgd may be withdrawn with no minimum flow requirement,
based on Cleveland County Water's current permit; however for withdrawals
exceeding 6 mdg, a 70 cfs minimum flow would be required.
Based on this model it is projected that the future average day demand of 7.91 mgd
would not be met on 9.7 percent of the days (or approximately 2,434 days out of
25,051 days). Of these, as many as 110 days would be consecutive. Water
shortages lasting at least 10 consecutive days would occur 4 percent of the time.
Also, based on historical records, the 70 cfs minimum flow would not be met on 8.9
percent of the days (or approximately 2,237 days out of 25,051 days).
5. Summary
With an estimated available raw water supply at the Cleveland County Water intake of
5.94 mgd, the First Broad River will not consistently meet Cleveland County Water's
projected needs. Cleveland County Water provides water for approximately 46 percent
of Cleveland County's population, as well as for numerous commercial and industrial
establishments and adjacent areas of Gaston, Lincoln, and Rutherford counties. With
projected population increases, industrial development and the unreliable nature of
groundwater in the county, the number of people who depend on Cleveland County
Water will certainly increase. The First Broad River does not provide an adequate
water supply to meet future demands of Cleveland County Water, given stream flow
fluctuations, instream flow requirements and downstream flow needs. In addition, the
run -of -river type intake utilized by Cleveland County Water is particularly susceptible to
drought conditions such as those experienced in 2002. A more dependable and
abundant water supply is needed for Cleveland County.
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Moa � eed
Report
References
6. References
Cawthon, Graham. 2005. Needed rain falls, but crops need more, The Shelby Star.
June 28. http: / /www.shelbystar.com. Accessed October 12, 2006.
Charlotte Regional Partnership. No date. http: / /www.charlotteusa.com /Regional)
regional communities.asp. Accessed September 2006.
City of Kings Mountain website. No date. http: / /www.citvofkm.com. Accessed
September 2006 and October 2007.
City of Kings Mountain. 2006. Kings Mountain Water Supply Plan. North Carolina
Division of Water Resources Review Draft. September 6.
City of Shelby website. No date. http: / /www.cityofshelby.com. Accessed September
2006 and September 2007.
City of Shelby. 2006. Shelby Water Supply Plan, North Carolina Division of Water
Resources Review Draft. September 6.
Cleveland County website. No date. http :l /www.cleveiandcounty.com /nav/ index.htm.
Accessed September 2006.
Cleveland County Chamber of Commerce. No date.
httpalwww .clevelandchamber.orgl. Accessed September 2006.
Cleveland County Sanitary District. 2006. Cleveland County Sanitary District Water
Supply Plan. North Carolina Division of Water Resources Review Draft.
September 6.
Cornwell, Brad R. 2007. City of Shelby Public Utilities Director. Personal
communication to R. Pugh (ARCADIS) [letter]. September 25,
DeLea, Pete. 2006. River low, but supply OK for now, The Shelby Star. June 3.
httpl /www.shelbystar.com. Accessed October 12, 2006,
Environmental Protection Agency, Safe Drinking Water Information System.
http: / /oaspub.epa.gov. Accessed May 2008.
24

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References
Glenn Harbeck and Associates. 2005. Strategic Growth Plan. City of Shelby, North
Carolina, November,
McCarter, Bill. 2006. Cleveland County Planning Director. (704) 484 -4947. Personal
communication with R. Pugh, ARCADIS. September 11.
McGill Associates. 2004. Environmental Assessment for the Proposed First Broad
River Reservoir. Cleveland County, NC. Asheville, NC. May.
McGill Associates. 1997. Feasibility Study First Broad River Reservoir. Cleveland
County, NC. Asheville, NC. February,
McGill Associates. 1990. Engineering Report, Water Supply and Treatment Study.
City of Shelby, North Carolina. Asheville, NC. August.
North Carolina Department of Commerce.
http:Il www. nccommerce. com/ en/ AboutDOCl PublicationsReports /CountyProfiles.h
tm. Accessed June 2008,
North Carolina Division of Water Quality (NCDWQ), 2006. http: / /h2o.enr. state. nc.us,
Accessed September 2006.
NCDWQ. 2006. Broad River Basinwide Assessment Report. North Carolina
Department of Environmental and Natural Resources, Division of Water
Quality, Raleigh, NC.
NCDWQ. 2003. Broad River Basinwide Water Quality Plan. North Carolina
Department of Environmental and Natural Resources, Division of Water
Quality, Raleigh, NC.
North Carolina Division of Water Resources (NCDWR). No date. "Rules Governing
Public Water Supply Systems." http :llwww.deh.enr.state.no.us /pws /rules)
contents.htm. Accessed February 2008 and April 2009.
NCDWR. 2007. Local Water Supply Plan Instructions.
NCDWR. 2001. State Water Supply Plan. North Carolina, January.
25

Ro Iu an eedl
Report
References
NCDWR. April 1989. Cleveland County Water Supply Survey, Cleveland County,
North Carolina.
North Carolina Employment Security Commission. http: / /www,esc.state.no.us.
Accessed September 2006 and June 2008.
North Carolina Office of Management and Budget.
http :llwww.osbm.state.nc.us /ncosbm /facts and figures /socioeconomic datalpop
ulation estimatesicounty projections.shtm. Accessed May 2009.
North Carolina OneMap website. http: / /www.nconemap.com. Accessed January
2008.
North Carolina State Demographics. http: / /demog.state.nc.us /. Accessed September
2006.
Scott, Joy. 2004. No. 1 getting water, The Shelby Star. October 9.
http:://www..shelbystar.com. Accessed October 12, 2006.
Setzer, Britt. 2007, NCDENR Division of Environmental Health, Public Water Supply
Section. Personal communication with B. Smith (CCSD) [E -mail] on October 4.
Sutherland, John. 1997. Water Planning Section, Division of Water Resources. Letter
to Mike T. Dowd, McGill Associates, P.A. July 7.
Sutherland, John, 1992. City of Shelby WWTP, Revised 7Q10, First Broad River,
Cleveland County. Memorandum to Trevor Clements. November 9.
Town of Boiling Springs website. No date. http : / /www.boilingspringsnc.net. Accessed
September 2006.
Town of Fallston. 2006, Fallston Water Supply Plan. NC Division of Water Resources
Review Draft. September 6.
Town of Lawndale. 2006. Lawndale Water Supply Plan. NC Division of Water
Resources Review Draft, September 6.
P01

�
\pll
Bu o an Need
Report
References
United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). 1990. Summary Report,
Reconnaissance for Flood Damage Reduction and Water Supply. First Broad
River near Polkville, North Carolina.
U.S. Census Data. 1990 and 2000. http: / /factfinder.census.gov. Accessed September
2006 and May 2008.
U.S. Drought Monitor. 2008. http://wvvw.drought.unl.edu/DM/DM southeast.htm.
Accessed August 2008.
United States Geological Survey (USGS). http : / /waterdata.usgs.gov /nc /nwis /.
Accessed November 2006, January 2008 and March 2009.
Weaver, J. Curtis, 2008. Hydrologist, U.S. Geological Survey. Email correspondence
to Keith Webb. March 24.
Willis Engineers. 2004. Water and Wastewater Planning Report. City of Shelby,
North Carolina.
Wilson, Cherish. 2008. County drought worsens, The Shelby Star. June 20.
http: / /www.shelbystar.com. Accessed August 7, 2008.
27

DRAFT
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Cleveland County, North Carolina
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0 1.25 2.5 5 North Carolina Division of Water Quality
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DRAFT
Tables

DRAFT
Table 1. NC Public Water Systems Serving Populations Over 40,000
" As reported to EPA
- intake located in South Carolina
Source: Public Water Supply Water Sources, NCOnemap Website, http: / /www,nconemap.com/
Information Provided by Fish and Wildlife Associates
Population
Service
Public Water System
Primary Water Source
Served*
Connections*
Charlotte- Mecklenburg Utilities
Reservoir
700,000
197,891
City of Raleigh
Reservoir
409,542
162,000
City of Durham
Reservoir
287,000
119,000
City of Winston -Salem
Reservoir
276,849
113,000
City of Greensboro
Reservoir
237,552
95,313
Fayetteville Public Works Commission
Cape Fear River
179,000
68,395
Onslow Water and Sewer Authority
Groundwater
134,978
37,330
Davidson Water, Inc.
Yadkin River
129,695
49,398
City of Wilmington
Cape Fear River
125,000
47,407
City of Asheville
Reservoir
123,750
49,500
Town of Cary
Reservoir
112,000
38,724
City of High Point
Reservoir
90,492
36,465
Greenville Utilities
Tar River
81,058
30,829
Harnett County Department of Public Utilities
Cape Fear River
79,058
32,003
Union County Water System
Catawba River"
76,855
30,258
Orange Water and Sewer Authority
Reservoir
75,000
19,500
City of Gastonia
Reservoir
68,600
24,800
City of Concord
Reservoir
68,253
29,077
Fort Bragg
Little River
65,000
6,700
Robeson County Water System
Groundwater
63,000
21,000
City of Rocky Mount
Reservoir
57,158
22,300
Cleveland County Water
First Broad River /Knob Creek
56,667
22,310
Johnston County Water System
Neuse River
56,600
20,000
City of Burlington
Reservoir
56,250
19,918
City of Hickory
Reservoir
55,763
21,954
City of Hendersonville
North Fork Mills River /Mills
52,840
21,136
River /Bradley Creek
City of Wilson
Reservoirs
46,420
21,000
City of Salisbury
Yadkin /S. Yadkin Rivers
44,942
17,694
City of Kannapolis
Reservoirs /Second Creek
43,914
17,289
City of Sanford
Cape Fear River
43,616
15,489
Brunswick County Water System
Cape Fear River
42,700
21,500
Wavne Water District
Groundwater
41,290
17,204
" As reported to EPA
- intake located in South Carolina
Source: Public Water Supply Water Sources, NCOnemap Website, http: / /www,nconemap.com/
Information Provided by Fish and Wildlife Associates

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DRAFT
Table 3. Annual Discharge of First Broad River near Casar
Water Year
(Oct 1 - Sept 30)
Discharge
cfs mgd
1960
1393
89.9^T
1961
94.7
61.1
1962
108.9
70.3
1963
63.4
40.9
1964
69.1
44.6
1965
129
83.2
1966
72.6
46.8
1967
63.2
40.8
1968
87.1
56.2
1969
79.9
51.5
1970
76.8
49.5
1971
83.1
53.6
1972
95.8
61.8
1973
110.3
71.2
1974
107.4
69.3
1975
139.3
89.9
1976
92.5
59.7
1977
101.7
65.6
1978
109.9
70.9
1979
99.4
64.1
1980
113.2
73.0
1981
54.9
35.4
1982
70.9
45.7
1983
106.5
68.7
1984
126.7
81.7
1985
70
45.2
1986
55.3
35.7
1987
911
58.8
1988
43.4
28.0
1989
60,6
39.1
1990
113.8
73.4
1991
99.7
64.3
1992
62.7
40.5
1993
135.2
87.2
1994
94.9
61.2
1995
97.8
63.1
1996
93.5
60.3
1997
99.1
619
1998
104
67.1
1999
51.8
33.4
2000
41.3
26.6
2001
29.5
19.0
2002
26.8
17.3
2003
151.7
97.9
2004
107.8
69.5
2005
113.4
73.2
2006
62.0
40.0
2007
68.9
44.5
2008
33.3
21.9
Source: http :l /waterdata,usgs.gov /nc /nwis /monthly/ ?format= sites_selection_ links &search_site_no
= 02152100 &amp;referred module =sw

DRAFT
Table 4, Monthly Mean Discharge (cfs) of First Broad River near Casar
Water
47.2
70.2
63.1
59.3
67.7
39.4
42.3
32.7
37.4
29.1
27.3
57.8
Yea. r
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
1959
96.9
165.1
76.1
110.0
737
82.4
56.0
61.2
132.1
225.3
82.4
101.5
1960
115.0
285.6
240.2
240.6
115.9
92.5
67.1
60.6
51.8
59.3
46.1
43.3
1961
58.2
134.0
94.7
139.7
104.3
152.8
81.9
166.5
60.4
46.3
61.4
184.9
1962
121.9
127.9
164.5
219.1
89.2
116.2
77.6
53.9
45.9
43.4
55.8
47.3
1963
64.6
53.9
213.5
77.2
63.9
47.6
36.0
25.6
29.2
24.7
36.7
35.1
1964
90.1
98.0
101.2
150.6
75.0
49.8
68.6
42.9
59.4
318.4
116.0
132.9
1965
103.2
174.9
178.5
148.7
106.6
85.9
71.8
63.5
47.9
78.0
45.9
40.8
1966
47.9
200.0
128.0
67.0
66.7
78,4
35.3
41.9
51.5
47.2
55.1
48.2
1967
80.6
70.5
80.2
48.1
59.8
50.5
97.2
79.3
40.1
37.8
43.0
167.2
1968
124,2
710
123.5
74.5
172.9
75.8
64.8
45.8
39.2
48.0
54.9
53.1
1969
64.8
136.1
115.1
174.1
78.3
66.6
46.4
46.5
81.7
50.2
56.1
92.7
1970
65.0
79.8
66.2
74.2
45.1
34.4
47.7
261.9
45.7
54.3
66.3
68.9
1971
91.7
164.7
108.5
84.0
115.5
66.5
66.3
64.5
51.6
93.9
104.6
136.9
1972
117.1
93.8
103.4
87.1
136.6
117.8
66.7
48.5
41.6
44.0
61.0
111.3
1973
95.3
1619
2011
153.2
186.8
111.8
74.4
68.2
56.5
61.4
49.9
129.7
1974
139.0
128.9
96.8
145.5
116.4
116.6
106.3
111.9
87.8
54.9
59.6
86.3
1975
1191
141.1
385.6
149.1
254.4
167.7
94.4
59.4
97.4
193.7
99.9
85.0
1976
132.3
95.2
90.2
89.0
92.8
84.9
52.8
45.7
47.3
223.9
86.9
146.4
1977
87.8
78.5
141.4
163.1
74.7
64.7
42.1
41.7
66.4
53.5
191.2
87.0
1978
200.0
85.9
157.0
98.3
135.1
78.1
61.7
117.4
50.9
40.8
41.5
59.9
1979
138.4
163.0
173.0
156.7
104.7
87.3
77.1
54.1
101.5
119.4
114.9
74.4
1980
124.8
75.6
174.8
212.8
138.9
114.6
90.6
53.7
63.3
75.3
73.2
51.7
1981
47.2
70.2
63.1
59.3
67.7
39.4
42.3
32.7
37.4
29.1
27.3
57.8
1982
115.3
151.2
70.0
87.4
65.7
99.6
62.0
57.6
35.1
44.5
50.9
116.5
1983
96.9
165.1
155.0
291.2
131.6
92.3
59.5
40.0
41.6
45.6
60.1
150.3
1984
150.3
94.0
234.7
157.7
191,2
171.8
99.1
137.7
126.4
55.6
56.9
62.9
1985
71.5
125.0
59.0
58.0
41.4
27.7
77.7
153.2
53.2
40.1
127.6
76.8
1986
54.8
57.5
87.5
52.7
50
32.7
20.5
26.2
38.9
32.5
65.7
100.6
1987
88.1
154.7
228.8
127.8
88.5
74.6
45.9
32.8
58.3
34.9
51.5
60.2
1988
88.1
50.8
44.6
67.5
33.9
23.4
19.2
19.5
37.2
28.5
35.9
26.6
1989
44.4
79.0
97.0
55.4
67.8
74.1
45.4
46.9
130.0
149.5
71.8
100.6
1990
133.5
247.4
194.5
126.3
108.3
66.9
63.3
69.2
42.7
160.0
63.1
72.2
1991
124.5
85.7
143.5
176.4
112.8
88.7
58.4
67.6
41.1
35.0
38.0
45.3
1992
55.5
77.8
78.4
139.2
80.8
86.2
39.0
35.5
44.7
74.4
178.9
142.2
1993
222.9
135.1
287.3
219.1
138.5
80.6
52.4
54.6
35.6
31.1
46.8
56.8
1994
121.0
122.4
180.9
102.1
57.5
89.6
92.6
172.3
66.1
62.7
56.8
69.8
1995
273.0
122.8
177.0
77.1
63.8
97.2
56.4
65.7
49.7
106.5
98.4
62.4
1996
1626
133.8
134.5
103.4
81.8
69.0
45.4
69.1
56.5
44.5
64.3
116.4
1997
89.0
141.9
188.3
167.8
104.9
99.4
79.9
51.8
44.4
45.6
47.2
58.2
1998
176.9
185.9
173.2
183.7
147.5
78.9
63.1
55.8
37.9
42.9
42.2
52.2

Water
Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
1999
84.3
84.6
57,0
76.4
56.0
37.7
44.7
22.6
22,8
32.5
41.1
40.4
2000
49.8
48.4
77.9
87.1
37.5
23.8
19.2
16.2
22.6
17.6
23.3
30.0
2001
30.9
37.8
76.5
38.0
18.3
19.9
23.0
143
24.9
17.4
17.2
22.7
2002
49.0
43.8
56.7
36.1
23.9
14.9
11.4
8.09
21.0
32.9
69.2
111.5
2003
48.7
95.8
156.7
300.2
218.7
260.9
242.8
196.1
85.4
74.1
79.5
85.3
2004
55.4
130.5
57.8
94.5
79.7
135.0
108.7
53.9
347.7
77.2
149.0
171.5
2005
109.7
98.8
159.2
141.3
74.1
84.7
172.2
79.6
40.5
88.8
49.8
83.8
2006
91.8
62.0
53.9
57.1
42.5
36.5
25.0
57.3
95.0
43.2
86.0
101.0
2007
181.3
58.3
140.3
67.3
46.5
35.1
25.3
19.8
20,1
20.2
24.1
39.1
2008
32.9
52.0
65.9
54.4
24.4
14.5
12.8
30.6
30.2
Source: http: / /waterdata .usgs.gov /nc /nwis /monthly/ ?referred module =sw &site _ no = 02152100 &por_02152100_
1= 1032180,00060,1,1959 -03, 2005 -09 &format= html_table &date_ format = YYYY- MM- DD &rdb_ compression =file&
submitted €orm =parameter - selection, list
Table 5. Water Sources and Providers for Cleveland County
Municipality /Area
Shelby
Boiling Springs
Kings Mountain
Grover
Belwood
Casar
Earl
Fallston
Kingstown
Lattimore
Lawndale
Mooresboro
Patterson Springs
Polkville
Waco
Rural Cleveland Cou
Water Supply Provider
City of Shelby
City of Shelby
City of Kings Mountain
City of Kings Mountain
Cleveland County Water
Cleveland County Water
Cleveland County Water
Town of Fallston (wells)
Cleveland County Water
Cleveland County Water
Town of Lawndale (wells)
Cleveland County Water
Cleveland County Water
Cleveland County Water
Cleveland County Water
Cleveland County Water and wells
Source
First Broad River
First Broad River
Moss Lake
Moss Lake
First Broad River
First Broad River
First Broad River
Groundwater
First Broad River
First Broad River
Groundwater
First Broad River
First Broad River
First Broad River
First Broad River
First Broad River and Groundwater

DRAFT
Table 6. 50 Year Population Growth for Cleveland County
1950 1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
Total Population 64,357 66,048
72,556
_
83,435
_
84,714
96,287
10 -Year Population Growth 1,691
6,508
10,879
1,279
11,573
Percent Chanqe 2.63%
9.85%
14.99%
1.53%
13.66%
Table 7. Population Growth 1990 — 2000 by State, County, Municipality
Source: US Census and North Carolina Office of State Management and Budget
1990
2000
Change
Percent
Primary Water Supply(ies)
Change
North Carolina
6,628,637
8,049,313
1,420,676
21.43%
NIA
Cleveland County
84,714
96,287
11,573
13.66%
First Broad River, Groundwater,
Moss Lake
Shelby
14,669
19,477
4,808
32.78%
First Broad River
Boiling Springs
2,445
3,866
1,421
58.12%
First Broad River
Kings Mountain*
8,007
9,103
1,096
13.69%
Moss Lake
Grover
516
698
182
35.27%
Moss Lake
CCSD**
59,077
63,143
4,066
7.01%
First Broad River, Groundwater
*Does not include the portion of Kings Mountain in Gaston County
* *Includes rural Cleveland County
and the following
municipalities:
Belwood
631
962
331
52.46%
First Broad River
Casar
328
308
-20
- 6.10%
First Broad River
Earl
230
234
4
1.74%
First Broad River
Fallston
498
603
105
21.08%
Groundwater
Kingstown
958
845
-113
- 11.80%
First Broad River
Lattimore
183
418
235
128.42%
First Broad River
Lawndale
573
642
69
12.04%
Groundwater
Mooresboro
294
314
20
6.80%
First Broad River
Patterson Springs
690
620
-70
- 10.14%
First Broad River
Polkville
1,514
535
-979
- 64.66%
First Broad River
Waco
320
328
8
2.50%
First Broad River
Source: US Census and North Carolina Office of State Management and Budget

DRAFT
Table 8. Population Growth 1990 — 2000 by Census Tract
Population Growth 1990 - 2000
Census
Tract 1990 2000
Change
Percent
Change
Avg
Growth
Location
9501
6,523
7,797
1,274
19.53%
1.95%
Belwood, Casar, Polkville;
northwestern Cleveland County
9502
4,340
5,187
847
19.52%
1.95%
Fallston, Lawndale; central
Cleveland County
9503
7,124
9,948
2,824
39.64%
3.96%
Waco; eastern Cleveland County
9504
6,160
6,813
653
10.60%
1.06%
western Kings Mountain
9505
3,989
3,984
-5
-0.13%
-0.01%
central Kings Mountain and south
9506
6,906
9,466
2,560
37.07%
171%
southeastern Cleveland County
(east and south of KM)
9507
7,053
7,033
-20
-0.28%
-0.03%
east Shelby
9508
3,812
4,216
404
10.60%
1.06%
central Cleveland County (north of
Shelby, east of First Broad River)
9509
3,998
3,405
-593
- 14.83%
-1.48%
north central Shelby
9510
4,217
4,168
-49
- 1.16 %
-0,12%
east central Shelby
9511
2,998
3,115
117
3.90%
0.39%
west - central Shelby
9512
5,566
5,163
-403
-7.24%
-0.72%
southwestern Shelby
9513
2,295
2,402
107
4.66%
0.47%
eastern Shelby; central Cleveland
County
9514
5,246
6,045
799
15.23%
1,52%
Kingstown, Lattimore, Mooresboro;
western Cleveland County
9515
6,518
8,568
2,050
31.45%
3.15%
Boiling Springs; southwestern
Cleveland County
9516
7,905
8,977
1,072
13.56%
1.36%
Earl, Patterson Springs; south
central Cleveland County
Totals
84,650
96,287
111637
13.75%
1.37%
Source: US Census

DRAFT
Table 9. Housing Units 1990 — 2000 by State, County, Municipality
Source: US Census
Table 10. Projected Population Growth
by State and County through 2030
1990
2000
Change
Percent
County
2000
8,079,152
96,471
Change
North Carolina
2,818,193
3,523,944
705,751
25.04%
Cleveland County
34,232
40,317
6,085
17.78%
Shelby
6,474
8,853
2,379
36.75%
Boiling Springs
713
1,184
471
66.06%
Kings Mountain*
3,371
3,816
445
13.20%
Grover
233
313
80
34.33%
CCSD **
23 441
26 151
2 710
11.56% .
*Estimate; Does not include the portion
of Kings Mountain
in Gaston County
* *Includes rural Cleveland County and the following
municipalities:
Belwood
277
410
133
48,01%
Casar
137
145
8
5.84%
Earl
104
109
5
4.81%
F'allston
219
254
35
15.98%
Kingstown
275
273
-2
-0.73%
Lattimore
78
127
49
62.82%
Lawndale
254
300
46
18.11%
Mooresboro
144
140
-4
-2.78%
Patterson Springs
305
272
-33
- 10.82%
Polkviile
650
234
-416
- 64.00%
Waco
137
145
8
5.84%
Source: US Census
Table 10. Projected Population Growth
by State and County through 2030
10 -Year Change 1,496,833 2,750
Percent Change 13.28% 2.60%
Source: North Carolina State Office of Management and Budget
( httpa lwww.osbm.state.nc.us /ncosbm /facts_ and_ figures/ socioeconomic_ data /population_estimates.shtm) May
2009
North
Cleveland
Carolina
County
2000
8,079,152
96,471
2010
9,572,644
99,767
10 -Year Change
1,493,492
3,296
Percent Change
18.49%
3.42%
2020
11,272,964
105,803
10 -Year Change
1,700,320
6,036
Percent Change
17.76%
6.05%
2030
12,769,797
108,553
10 -Year Change 1,496,833 2,750
Percent Change 13.28% 2.60%
Source: North Carolina State Office of Management and Budget
( httpa lwww.osbm.state.nc.us /ncosbm /facts_ and_ figures/ socioeconomic_ data /population_estimates.shtm) May
2009

DRAFT
Table 11. Projected Population Growth by County through 2050
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
CLEVELAND
96,432
99,767
103,317
105,803
107,544
109,117
RUTHERFORD
62,716
64,997
68,693
72,389
76,085
79,896
LINCOLN
69,016
78,583
88,738
98,894
109,049
120,584
GASTON
192,887
214,033
236,720
259,438
282,160
307,306
Source: North Carolina Office of Management and Budget
( http: l /www.osbm.state.nc.us /ncosbm /facts -and _figures /socioeconomic, data /population, estimates.shtm)
May 2009
2035 2040 2045 2050 2055 2050
CLEVELAND 111,987
114,932
117,955
121,057
124,241
127,509
RUTHERFORD 84,274
88,892
93,763
98,901
104,321
110,038
LINCOLN 138,599
159,306
183,106
210,462
241,905
278,046
GASTON 335,958
375,803
420,373
470,229
525,998
588,381
Note: The State Demographics unit projected population through 2029. Projections from 2030 to 2060 are based
on the average increase projected through 2029.

DRAFT
Table 12. Employment and Growth by Industry for Cleveland County 1995 - 2005
Annual Average Employment
_ 1995 2005 2000 - 2005 Change
Total Federal 174 0.46% 189 0.46% 15 8.62%
Government
Total State Government 777 2.07% 969 2.38% 192 24.71%
Total Local Government
Total Private Industry
Total All Industries
3,697
33,453
38,101
9.84%
89.00%
101.36%
4,699
27,594
33,421
11.55%
67.81%
82.13%
1,002
-5,859
-4,680
27.10%
- 17.51%
- 12.28%
Agriculture, Forestry,
113
0.30%
79
0.19%
-34
- 30.09%
Fishing & Hunting
Mining
NIA
104
0.26%
NA
NA
Utilities
71
0.19%
61
0.15%
-10
- 14.08%
Construction
1,545
4.11%
1,499
3.68%
-46
-2.98%
Manufacturing
15,144
40.29%
7,535
18.52%
-7,609
- 50.24%
Wholesale Trade
1,290
3.43%
1,385
3.40%
95
7.36%
Retail Trade
4,115
10.95%
4,040
9.93%
-75
-1.82%
Transportation and
771
2.05%
1,082
2.66%
311
40.34%
Warehousing
Information
504
1.34%
339
0.83%
-165
- 32.74%
Finance and Insurance
594
1.58%
675
1.66%
81
13.64%
Real Estate and Rental
261
0.69%
210
0.52%
-51
- 19.54%
Leasing
Professional and
481
1.28%
530
1.30%
49
10.19%
Technical Services
Management of
Companies and
111
0.30%
64
0.16%
-47
- 42.34%
Enterprises
Administrative and
1,882
5.01%
1,213
2.98%
-669
- 35.55%
Waste Services
Educational Services
2,916
7.76%
4,025
9.89%
1,109
38.03%
Health Care and Social
3,380
8.99%
5,335
13.11%
1,955
57.84%
Assistance
Arts, Entertainment, and
184
0.49%
242
0.59%
58
31.52%
Recreation
Accommodation and
1,941
5.16%
2,252
5.53%
311
16.02%
Food Services
Other Services, Ex.
796
2.12%
742
1.82%
-54
-6.78%
Public Admin.
Public Administration
1,838
4.89%
1,926
4.73%
88
4.79%
Unclassified
NIA
93
0.23%
NA
NA
Source: Fmpioyment Security Commission ( http:l lesimi23. esc .state.nc,us /ew /EWResults.asp)

DRAFT
Table 13, Cleveland County Top Industries
Company Name
Industry
Employment
Range
Location
Cleveland County Schools
Education and Health Services
1,000+
countywide
Cleveland Regional Medical
Education and Health Services
1,000+
Shelby
Center
County of Cleveland
Public Administration
500 -999
Shelby
Gardner -Webb University
Education and Health Services
500 -999
Boiling Springs
Wal -Mart Distribution Center
Trade, Transportation, Utilities
500 -999
Shelby
PPG Industries Fiberglass
Manufacturing
500 -999
Shelby
Products
Eaton Corporation
Manufacturing
500 -999
Kings Mountain
Entertainment Distribution
Manufacturing
500 -999
Grover
Company
White Oak Manor, Inc.
Education and Health Services
259 -499
Shelby
City of Shelby
Public Administration
259 -499
Shelby
Cleveland Community
Education and Health Services
259 -499
Shelby
College
Shelby Personnel Services
Professional and Business
259 -499
Shelby
Services
Reliance Electric Industrial
Manufacturing
259 -499
Kings Mountain
Company
Curtiss Wright Flight
Manufacturing
259 -499
Shelby
Systems Inc.
Copeland Corporation
Manufacturing
259 -499
Shelby
BFS Diversified Products
Manufacturing
259 -499
Kings Mountain
Honeywell International
Manufacturing
259 -499
Shelby
Source: North Carolina Department of Commerce, NC Profile
http: / /eslmi23.esc. state .nc.uslncp /indl nfo /topTen,aspx

DRAFT
Table 14. Water Usage Summary for Cleveland County Water,
1999-2002
water Mani
Number Billed Production
(active meters)
Usage (gallons)
(gallons)
1999
January
14,381
85,750,200
85,090,000
February
14,428
62,888,800
77,980,000
March
18,875
69,096,000
91,800,000
April
14,652
75,303,200
94,160,000
May
14,702
64,659,900
100,790,000
June
14,786
79,314,000
102,650,000
July
14,828
86,538,700
113,530,000
August
14,920
81,796,400
120,310,000
September
14,938
87,459,600
105,110,000
October
15,009
76,458,900
103,560,000
November
14,975
62,164,800
94,530,000
December
NA
64,926,950
98,350,000
Total
166,494
896,357,450
1,187,860,000
2000
January
15,083
67,689,100
91,900,000
February
15,133
64,391,900
85,890,000
March
15,233
66,796,400
93,770,000
April
15,297
73,296,900
85,890,000
May
15,397
65,493,600
104,360,000
June
15,468
80,426,150
105,760,000
July
15,518
95,358,700
117,330,000
August
15,557
76,017,200
117,010,000
September
15,625
90,622,700
102,650,000
October
15,685
73,537,900
97,880,000
November
15,723
76,894,400
92,330,000
December
15,789
69,855,300
88,500,000
Total
185,508
900,380,250
1,183,270,000
2001
January
15,852
77,623,000
NA
February
15,879
69,213,200
NA
March
15,998
65,322,500
NA
April
16,073
78,683,300
NA
May
16,132
77,762,900
NA
June
16,167
95,174,300
NA
July
16,222
82,873,500
NA
August
16,287
90,282,800
NA
September
16,309
90,631,900
NA
October
16,332
71,819,900
NA
November
16,411
86,594,900
NA
December
16,432
84,596,000
NA
Total
194,094
970,578,200

DRAFT
Table 14. Water Usage Summary for Cleveland County Water,
1999 -2002
Source: Cleveland County Water
NA - Information is not available.
Water Plant
Number Billed
Production
(active meters)
Usage (gallons)
(gallons)
2002
January
16,499
82,597,100
NA
February
16,527
66,492,300
NA
March
16,633
68,381,700
NA
April
16,745
78,886,000
NA
May
16,788
81,225,200
NA
June
16,885
104,293,300
NA
July
16,937
102,249,700
NA
August
17,049
97,478,700
NA
September
17,094
81,100,500
NA
October
17,090
71,644,000
NA
November
17,189
75,084,900
NA
December
17,158
70,514,100
NA
Total
202,594
979,947,500
4 year period 1999.-.2002
Totals
748,689
3,747,263,400
Averagelyear
187,172
936,815,850
Source: Cleveland County Water
NA - Information is not available.

DRAFT
Table 15. Water Usage Summary for Cleveland County Water, 2003 - 2007
Number
Non -
Billed
Water Plant
revenue
Unaccounted
(active
Usage
Production
Water
Water
%
Change
meters)
(gallons)
(gallons)
Usage
(gallons)
unaccounted
in Taps
2003
January
16,545
81,821,000
101,050,000
2,844 761
16,384,239
16%
February
16,556
78,858,800
89,740,000
2,445,120
8,436,080
9%
11
March
16,649
67,786,200
102,763,000
2,452,379
32,524,421
32%
93
April
16,692
76,159,100
100,890,000
2,526,244
22,204,656
22%
43
May
16,728
78,309,200
107,850,000
2,561,409
26,979,391
25%
36
June
16,729
80,761,300
108,740,000
2,479,161
25,499,539
23%
1
July
16,823
89,454,900
114,530,000
2,567,133
22,507,967
20%
94
August
16,838
85,591,800
103,777,000
2,562,495
15,622,705
15%
15
September
16,898
82,231,500
108,760,000
2,332,451
24,196,049
22%
60
October
16,845
82,515,100
104,880,000
1,094,839
21,270,061
20%
(53)
November
16,866
80,593,000
105,033,000
994,141
23,445,859
22%
21
December
16,848
72,501,100
109,060,000
2,268,830
34,290,070
31%
(18)
Total
956,583,000
1,257,073,000
27,128,959
273,361,041
22%
303
2004
January
16,880
80,391,400
102,880,000
879,908
21,608,693
21%
32
February
16,946
75,328,700
93,457,000
745,606
17,382,695
19%
66
March
16,963
69,355,000
100,163,000
1,215,202
29,592,799
30%
17
April
17,030
84,237,600
105,850,000
896,718
20,715,683
20%
67
May
17,103
85,030,200
117,520,000
1,077,216
31,412,585
27%
73
June
17,144
93,432,100
118,907,000
1,139,558
24,335,343
20%
41
July
17,144
94,385,400
124,312,000
1,008,730
28,917,871
23%
0
August
17,228
85,577,500
127,520,000
1,196,992
40,745,509
32%
84
September
17,230
90,867,000
122,912,000
1,414,998
30,630,003
25%
2
October
17,240
81,818,200
100,360,000
1,249,596
17,292,205
17%
10
November
17,243
76,012,300
108,205,000
1,159,708
31,032,993
29%
3
December
17,253
75,095,600
106,358,000
1,483,740
29,778,661
28%
10
Total
991,531,000
1,328,444,000
13,467,966
323,445,034
24%
405
2005
January
17,303
87,864,000
101,728,000
168,398
13,695,602
13%
50
February
17,317
69,674,100
89,518,000
1,126,158
18,717,742
21%
14
March
17,377
70,585,700
101,031,000
1,296,262
29,149,038
29%
60
April
17,406
77,799,600
102,471,000
1,144,798
23,526,602
23%
29
May
17,429
82,685,900
112,962,000
1,259,786
29,016,314
26%
23
June
17,494
95,323,100
105,714,000
1,305,798
9,085,102
9%
65
July
17,505
95,663,700
112,374,000
1,167,220
15,543,080
14%
11
August
17,555
87,198,600
116,439,000
1,165,452
28,074,948
24%
50
September
17,602
102,272,000
116,688,000
1,269,338
13,146,662
11%
47
October
17,599
91,060,100
126,512,000
1,407,038
34,044,862
27%
(3)
November
17,610
83,744,600
97,761,000
11,738
14,004,662
14%
11
December
17,629
83,206,600
96,902,000
1,098,500
12,596,900
13%
19
Total
1,027,078,000
1,280,100,000
12,420,484
240,601,516
19%
376

DRAFT
Table 15. Water Usage Summary for Cleveland County Water, 2003 - 2007
Number
Non -
Billed
Water Plant
revenue
Unaccounted
{active
Usage
Production
Water
Water
%
Change
meters)
(gallons)
(gallons)
Usage
(gallons)
unaccounted
in 'daps
2006
January
17,598
80,532,800
93,311,000
998,891
11,779,309
13%
(3 1)
February
17,612
72,982,800
83,476,000
1,016,317
9,476,883
11%
14
March
17,670
72,843,100
100,874,000
910,785
27,120,115
27%
58
April
17,749
95,892,300
104,076,000
1,103,247
7,080,453
7%
79
May
17,795
82,067,700
115,957,000
962,709
32,926,591
28%
46
June
17,895
105,110,600
118,468,000
1,245,061
12,112,339
10%
100
July
17,913
106,571,500
125,529,000
1,401,833
17,555,667
14%
18
August
17,954
100,456,500
126,954,000
1,280,695
25,216,805
20%
41
September
17,964
108,006,300
112,376,000
1,143,741
3,225,959
3%
10
October
17,930
85,605,700
112,114,000
1,067,219
25,441,081
23%
(34)
November
17,954
81,673,600
100,719,000
1,059,261
17,986,139
18%
24
December
17,922
79,385,800
101,073,000
1,314,543
20,372,657
20%
(32)
Total
1,071,128,700
1,294,927,000
13,504,304
210,293,996
16%
293
2007
January
17,934
88,924,200
99,253,000
1,194,470
9,134,330
9%
12
February
17,964
79,261,400
88,973,000
1,045,926
8,665,674
10%
30
March
18,048
74,858,200
99,476,000
1,067,794
23,550,006
24%
84
April
18,104
89,538,500
100,430,000
918,750
9,972,750
10%
56
May
18,149
88,633,800
122,162,000
1,135,618
32,392,582
27%
45
June
18,166
116,535,900
123,041,000
1,228,270
5,276,830
4%
17
July
18,254
110,391,800
126,040,000
1,207,642
14,440,558
11%
88
August
18,257
108,601,000
141,650,000
1,056,804
31,992,196
23%
3
September
18,290
121,343,400
118,314,000
1,078,750
- 4,108,150
-3%
33
October
18,414
95,746,100
114,314,000
1,099,528
17,468,372
15%
124
November
18,435
90,099,300
103,585,000
1,048,670
12,437,030
12%
21
December
18,374
84,347,400
104,310,000
1,055,752
18,906,848
18%
(61)
Total
1,148,281,000
1,341,548,000
13,137,974
180,129,026
13%
452
5 year period
2003 y 2007
Totals
5,194,601,700
6,502,092,000
79,659,687
1,227,830,613
19%
1,829
Averagelyear
1,038,920,340
1,300,418,400
15,931,937
245,566,123
19%
366*

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DRAFT
Appendix A
Proclamations and Resolutions

\V 09/x]4/2002 10:1.1. 704--484 -5868 CITY QF SHELBY UQC Q 4 FT
� -pOg 03 F�
Sep-03 -02 11:15 From-
7�
� xxx
MICHAEL F EASL EY
oOVEANOR
EXECJJTJ'V''+ 0"ER NO. 27
or SH A � CLEVVELAPPM COUl�i'I`Y SANITARY DISTRICT, CT, EXCLU)DlNG
Off' Si�1G
`VUX CITY OF DIGS MOUNTAIN
Ir VOTE Ea, ihavedetawiuedthata8tatcofDisasterandStateo fEmergency,asdermedin
N.C.G3. §§ 166A -4(1) u d 14.288.1(10), exists in the Scare Of -NOrdt Caralins, specifioally lathe
City of Chenyyille, the City of Shelby and the Cleveland County Sanitary District, excluding the
City of Xings Mount yin, as a, resent: of se'Vere drought conditions.
W1 TEA Sy on 18 7urie 2002, the City of Cherryvilia pwols4ned a local State of Emergency;
and
v,TM VAAS, on 15 August 2002, the County of Cleveland, excluding the City of Xir'gs
Mountain, and the City of Shelby proclaimed a local State ofEmorgeucy; and
WB,REAS, pursuant to X.C.G.S. § 166A -6, the criteria for a Type 1 disaster arc Inat
including the following: 1) Reaelpt of the proliminary damage asscssineni from the Secretary of
Crime Control and Public Safety, 2), the City of ChezryvilW, the City of Shelby and the Cleveland
County, rxcludiug'tha City of Kings Mountalt, each declared a local state ofemergencypursumt to
N,C.Cr.S. § 166A -8 andN.C.G.S. §§ 14-288-12,14-288-13, - 288.13, and 14- 289.19 and forwarded arvritten
copy o1± the declaration to the (3avemor; 3) The preliminary damage assessment meats or exceeds the
criteria established for the Small Wheless Disaste:rLomprogratn pursuant to 13 C.Fa- Pan 123 or
zneers or exceeds the State infrastructure criteria set out inN.C.a.S. § 166A- 5,01(b)(2)a; and 4) A
major disaster deaax -4on by the President ofthe United States pursuautto the Stafford Actlias not
beem declared; and
1,IOW, THEREFORE, pwzant to the authorityvested in me as Govemorby the Constitution
and laws of the State of North Carolina, 3T IS OfiI71W D-
section 11. pursuant to N.C.G.S. §§ 166A -6 and 14488,15, a State of Disaster and State of
Emergency is hereby declared for the City of ChemYville, the City of Shelby and the Cleveland
County Sanitary Dlstdt; excluding the City OfKffigs Moun=tain.

� Cl
Section 3: Bryan E. Beatty,-Secretary ofCrhne Cowrol, and Public Safet3 ; and/orhis desipee, is
hereby delegated sh power mid authority granted to me ana required of me by Chapter 166A, and
Article 36A of Chapter 14 of the General Statutes for the puxpose of irnpl==ting the said
Emergency Operations Plan and to take such farther action as in necossary to promote and secure the
safety and protection of the populace in the above- referenced oolnttles.
Section 4. Fur leer, Bryan E. Beatty, Secretary of Crime Control and Public Safety, as chief
coordinating officer fortha State of North Carolina. shrill exerciset hepowersp=mibedinN.C.O.S.
1438 -4.76.
Section S. I authorize this proclamation: (a) to be distributed to the news media and other
organizations calculated to bting its contents to tiae attention of the general. pu'blia; (b) unless the
cb cumstances of the state of disaster prevent or impede, to be promptly riled with tlzn Socretary of
Crime; Control and Pubiio Safely, the Secretary of State, and the clinks of superior court in the
counties to which it applies; and, (c) to be distributed to others as necessary to assure proper
implementation offs proclamation.
Section ..6_ The Type I disaster declaration shall e�.pire 30 days after the issuance of the state of
disaster and state: of emergency and Type I disaster, proclamation for the City ofChsrryville, the MW
of Shelby and the Cleveland County Sanitary District, excluding the City of rings Mountain, issued
on August 30. ? 002 unless renewed by the Governor or the General Assembly. Such renewals naay
be made in increments of 30 days each, not to exceed a total of 120 days fromrthe date for first
issuance. The Joint Legislativo Ctammissiou on•Gove..rn eutal Operations shall be notified prior to
the issuance of any renewal of a. Type I disaster deuIarati=
Done in the Caplt4 City of Raleigh, N'ortb Carolina, this to ,30"' day of August 2002.
1XCHA1 L F. EASLEY
0O VERNOR
ATTEST;
BLAINE MARSHALL 4
SECRETARY OF STATE

I ,
Oct, l$. 2406. 9 : 54AM
u
v iA
U
"fr3XeltE�ap� �filtltfi�
(Ars o i rratrr"
a , �*
3.CODYution
NUMd31a 1a -2002
No. 03 DRAFT
IN SUMRT OF M VEU" C0ONTY SANXTAIRY DISTRICT RESERVIOR
WBEdVAS, the Cleveland County Sanitary Distz9ct supplies pusablc water to aver 50,000
custom= with aver 900 mNs or'waatcrrIbw in tluc Waal areas and small municipaiiiies in Cievdand ivuutp
and inso mgounding counties by agrecmeut and
WUR "'1' , the CIcw► loll i CUMLY satin 1'�i�aur IRS HS lfa "st3Tciee tiff ,cow Tvater tbj2I'iTS B uad
Rives and XCnob Creek in upper Clevalat3d County and
."P at-Tel d Clm4r bz apt=ced a == drought t ;,tff rT,L;mng =act--=t of
mandarory watcr restrictions for the Sanitary Dfttict and the City of Shelby; and
WnUi S, th-ft C> mtl Comfy Samtaly MsWxt has had to obtadin ,T36rsi111 - vn u from opts,*
soureas, and these additional souxtt''S and not sufficient for its cmromeza; and
SAS, the City of Sh&by nbmias its raw Svainr front the Mist Broad Rige r dowmtrewn of
the Sanitary District raw water iutalm•and tYn; mnaining water flow has din significantly below the
regWrertmzts fan rays ware* c?M with ma..datmy crater --StT c;u.Gns on many occasions; and
WBEREAS, the.0 by of'Shft has had to ubmin additional potable: waui from Kings Mountain
through a bemp6rary inftm nneet; and
WEEMS, a reservoir ou the Rrst nraaa River above the Sanitary Disbict ixcab=z plant
wauld dealt a more stable wager resource for the Sanitary Dist:&4 and
vdX'iElftlrM G, tle MiYOIled oWutiuiv- from a nm —a wauld inMe a Mom iai2ble water shy
clod to the Oty oi~Shellsy', and
WuEi�a�� uA v, the B'Jand d C=mi.— .iri=s. st f Ckvdland CD=t"j an ti ft C&y of uh6by ha' vc
jointly ft bred a STATE OF nMXtGENCY on .AngtrsC 15, 2D02; and -
WHO MA-8, C (f Nod—h Ch—:nlina has dc-c—lanAa LATE OF EM- MRGUNCY in
Cleveland C4nuty on August 30, 2002;
NOW =ERE li 4U ME XT RESOLVED BY THE CUMIEi.AJ,V7[at COUNT'' 1ROARA OF
CO1411 MSIONE S THE bbd I LOWING.
The Hoard of ComxuiWo=s of Cleveland County supports the Clevelmd County Sauituy
3:3'kWct's plan to buRd a reservoir on First R. roadRWer as part of a long-term solneim in the countp's wairr
nee&
l?Siotd t1dis 17"t` day of Sc-15-eicw"er.2 .2. �J
Cleveland County 13oard of Commissionw

DRAFT
Cleveland County Sanitary District
439 Casar Lawndale Road
Post Office Box 788
Lawndale, North Carolina 28090 -0788
704 -538 -9033 `704- 538 -9011
Water Shortage Response Resolution
Resolution By
Cleveland County Sanitary District
Cleveland County, North Carolina
Indoor Residential Use:
Conservation for Voluntary and Mandatory Conservation Phases
• Use dishwashers only when they are fill. Washing dishes by hand {don't let tap
run ?} Saves about 25 gallons.
• Adjust seater level on clothes washing machines, if possible. Use full loads only,
if not adjustable.
• Turn off faucets while brushing teeth, etc. Saves about 5 gallons per day.
• Reduce water used per flush by installing toilet tank displacement inserts.
A plastic jug may often be used as an alternative. DO NOT USE BRICKS -they
disintegrate when soaked and the resulting grit hinders closing of the flap valve.
it Do not use the toilet as a trash can.
• Use sink and tub stoppers to avoid wasting water.
• Keep a bottle of chilled water in the refrigerator for drinking.
• Find and fix leaks in faucets and water -using appliances. Faucets can usually be
Fixed cheaply and quickly by replacing washers.
• Adapt plumbing with flow restricting or other water- saving devices. These are
usually inexpensive and easy to install. See list of devices in Appendix F.
• Learn to read your water meter so you can judge how much water you use and
what difference conservation makes.
® Take shorter showers and shallow baths. Saves about 25 gallons.
4

DRAFT
• Reduce the number of toilet flushes per day. Each flush uses about 5 gallons
(2-3 if you have water saving toilets).
• Don't use a garbage disposal.
• Use non - phosphate detergent and save laundry water for lawns and plants.
Conservation for Emergency Conservation or Rationing Phase (In addition to
measures listed above).
• Turn off shower while soaping up.
• Use disposable eating utensils.
Outdoor Residential Use
Conservation for Normal Conditions and Voluntary Conservation Phase
Lawns
• Water before 10:00 a.m. to prevent evaporation which occurs during the hottest
part of the day. 'Morning is better than evening, when the dampness encourages
growth of fungus.
Water only when lawn shows signs of wilt. Grass that springs back when
stepped on does not need water.
• Water thoroughly, not frequently: long enough to soak roots. A light sprinkling
evaporates quickly and encourages shallow root systems. Water slowly to avoid
runoff.
• Don't let the sprinkler run any longer than necessary. In a hour, 600 gallons
can be wasted.
• Allow maximum of one inch of water per week on your lawn. To measure, place
cake tins outside to collect rain and water from sprinklers.
• Use pistol -grip nozzles on hoses to avoid waste when watering flowers and
shrubs.
• Aerate lawns by punching holes 6 inches apart. This allows water to reach roots
rather than run off surfaces.
• Position sprinklers to water the lawn, not the pavement.
5

DRAFT
• Avoid watering on windy days when the wind not only blows water off target,
But also causes excess evaporation.
• Keep sprinkler heads clean to prevent uneven watering.
• Adjust hose to simulate a gentle rain. Sprinklers that produce a fine mist
waste water through evaporation.
• Know how to turn oft' an automatic sprinkler system in case of rain.
• Use an alarm clock or stove timer to remind you to shut off sprinklers that
don't have timers.
Vegetables and Flower Gardens
• Water deeply, slowly and weekly. Most vegetables require moisture to a depth
of 6 to 8 inches.
Keep soil loose so water can penetrate easily.
• beep weeds out to reduce competition of water.
* Put the water where you want it and avoid evaporation by using soil - soakers
Or slow - running hoses, not sprinklers.
Trees and Shrubs
• Water deeply using a soil - soaker or drip irrigation.
• Water only when needed. Check the depth of soil dryness by digging with a
towel.
• Mulch to reduce evaporation. A 2" to 3" layer of wood chips, pine needles,
Grass clippings or straw keeps the soil cool in the summer.
6 Dig troughs around plants to catch and retain water.
• Water trees growing in full sun more often than those in shade.
• Do not use sprinklers. Apply water directly at base.
Do not fertilize during summer. Fertilizing increases a plant's need for water.
rV

DRAFT
• Postpone planting until fall or spring when there is generally less need for
water.
• Install trickle -drip irrigation systems close to the roots of your plants. By
Dripping water slowly, the system doesn't spray water in to the air. Use soil
probes for large trees.
• Water when cloudy, at night or even when a light rain is falling.
Outdoor Residential Use
Conservation for Voluntary Conservation Phase (in addition to measures listed
above).
• Do not allow children to play with hose or sprinkers.
• Limit car washing.
• Be ready to catch rainfall that occurs. Place containers under drain spouts.
• Use leftover household water if available.
• Consider delaying the seeding or sodding of new lawns.
• Determine the amount of water being used outdoors by comparing water bills
for summer and winter.
Conservation for Mandatory Conservation Phase
(In addition to measures listed above).
• Vegetable gardens and food trees should be given minimal amounts of water on
an individual basis only.
• Do not water lawns and inedible plants.
• Do not use sprinklers.
Most outdoor watering is prohibited under Emergency Conservation Conditions.
Hospital and Health Care Facility Use t

DRAFT
• Reduce laundry usage or services by changing bed linens, etc. only when
necessary to preserve the health of patients or residents.
• Use disposable food service items.
+ Eliminate, postpone or reduce, as they may be appropriate, elective surgical
procedures during the period of emergency.
Industrial Use
■ Identify and repair all leaky fixtures and water -using equipment. Give special
attention to equipment connected directly to water line, such as processing
machines, steam -using machines, washing machines, water - cooled air
conditioners and furnaces.
• Assure that valves and solenoids that control water flows are shut off completely
when the water -using cycle in not engaged.
• Adjust water -using equipment to use the minimum amount of water required to
achieve its stated purpose.
• Shorten rinse cycles for laundry machines as much a possible; implement lower
water levels wherever possible.
• For processing, cooling, and other uses, either reuse water or use from sources
that would not adversely affect public water supplies.
• Advise employees, students, patients, customers, and other users not to flush
toilets after every use. Install toilet tank displacements inserts, place flow
restrictors in shower heads an faucets; close down automatic bushes overnight.
• Install automatic flushing valves to use as little water as possible or to cycle at
longer intervals.
• Place water- saving posters and literature where employees, students, patients,
customers, etc. will have access to them.
• Check meters on a frequent basis to determine consumptive pattersn.
• Review usage patterns to see where other savings can be made.

DRAFT
Adopted this the 14"' day of February, 2003 at Cleveland County Sanitary District,
Cleveland County, North Carolina.
;:e�-
7 'Ir. J❑ n Cline, Chairman)
/ �'e�^ aakm
(Attest)
(Mr. CE de Smith, Jr., General Manager)
(Attest)

Ma r. 13. 2007 9: 26AM
BOARD OF PUBLIC WORKS
210 Fast Frederick Street, Post Office .Box 64
GAFFNr,X, SouTH G ROUNA 29342
{869} 488 -8800
PAOSIMILL (801) 488 -885s
March 13, 2007
Mr. Butch Smith, Manager
Cleveland County Sanitary District
PO Box 788
Lawndale, NC 28090
Re: Proposed First Broad River Reservoir
Dear Mr. Smith:
"m
N o. 3 9 RAFT
AT I 11: 14I.W 11(.11011
First of ail, let me thank you for continuing to keeping the Board of Public Works
updated on Cleveland County Sanitary District's progress toward construction of a
reservoir on the First Broad River. It is obvious your organization has put a lot of time
and effort in the project to this point.
The Board of Public Works has the first raw water withdrawal point on the Broad River
after it crosses the North Carolina state line into South Carolina. We are greatly impacted
by the activity along the Broad River in North Carolina before it reaches our intake.
During the 2002 drought and since that time, many water purveyors within the Broad
River Basin have looked to the "Big" Broad River as a water source. While we
understand the natural progression to that point it concerns us greatly. If more water is
withdrawn from the Broad River before our intake, we are concerned there will be
enough water to meet our demands once it reaches our intake. Our water resources need
to be addressed from a regional standpoint regardless of state boundaries.
The only option to help alleviate the shortage of flow during a drought is additional
storage within the basin. Based on the analysis presented by your consultant during our
February 27, 2007 meeting the flow of the river would be substantially enhanced by the
construction of a reservoir particularly during a drought.
The Board of Public Works is in a very favorable position to benefit from the
construction of your proposed reservoir along the First Broad River since the First Broad
discharges into the Board ,just upstream of our intake. Based on our discussions for
reserving a portion of the reservoirs capacity for the Board of Public Worms and a
controlled release during drought events flow could be maintained at more consistent
rates which benefits the water purveyors as well as fish and wildlife. We, understand that
the Cleveland County Sanitary District has applied for a Department of the Army permit
to construct a reservoir under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act.
BiectrlcPawr * Water * Waste'Deartmnt
10

Mar. 13. 2447 9 :26AM
Page 2
Mr. Butch Smith
R AFT
�a. 039
The Board of Public Works commends your organization for pursuing the construction of
the reservoir and we fully support the construction of the reservoir in Cleveland County.
We appreciate the opportunity to comment and provide input on the development of such
an important project for the entire region. If you have any questions or we can be of any
assistance do not hesitate to contact me or our operations engineer, Kim Fortner at 864 -
488 -8801.
Sincerely,
Donnie L. Hardin
General Manager
D1;4/kf
11

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