20051457 Ver 1_Report_20110901

PURPOSE AND NEED REPORT
FIRST BROAD RIVER RESERVOIR
CLEVELAND COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
May 2011

Purpose and Need Report
First Broad River Reservoir
Cleveland County, NC
Preparedfor.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Cleveland County Water
Prepared by
ARCADIS G &M of North Carolina, Inc.
801 Corporate Center Drive
Suite 300
Raleigh
North Carolina 27607
Tel [phone]
Fax [phone]
Prepared in cooperation with:
McGill Associates, Inc.
Fish and Wildlife Associates
Our Ref.
NC606005.0006. DEIS 1
Oate:
May 2011

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2.
3.
Introduction
1.1 Proposed Action
1.2 Summary of Need for the Proposed Action
1.3 Purpose of the Proposed Action
1.4 Project Objectives
1.5 Project Setting
1.6 Water Resources
1.6.1 Sub -Basin 03 -08 -04
1.6.2 Sub -Basin 03 -08 -05
1.7 Project History
Cleveland County Water
2.1 Background
2.1.1 Sanitary Districts in North Carolina
2.1,2 History of Cleveland County Water
2.2 Facilities
2.2.1 Existing Facilities
2.2.2 Planned Facilities
2.3 Service Area
2.3.1 Existing Service Area
2.3.2 Future Service Area
2.4 Water Supply and Availability
2.4.1 Available Raw Water Supply
2.4.2 Issues Affecting Water Supply
Other Area Water Sources
3.1 John H. Moss Reservoir
3.2 First Broad River
3.3 Groundwater
3.3.1 Municipal Systems
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3.3.2 Private Wells
3.4 Broad River
4. Water Demand
4.1 Population and Demographic Trends
4.1.1 Population Growth
4.1.2 Housing
4.1.3 Population Projections
4.2 Economic Characteristics
4.2.1 Economic Base
4.2.2 Employment Centers and Major Employers
4.3 Land Use and Development
4.4 Water Demand Projections
4.4.1 Historical Water Demand
4.4.2 Water Supply Needs
4.4.3 No Build Modeling
5. Summary
6. References
Tables
1. NC Public Water Systems Serving Populations Over 40,000
2. Water Supply Source and Gage Data
3. Annual Discharge of First Broad River near Casar
4. Monthly Mean Discharge of First Broad River near Casar
5. Water Sources and Providers for Cleveland County
6. 50 -Year Population Growth for Cleveland County
7. Population Growth 1990 — 2000 by State, County, Municipality
8. Population Growth 1990 — 2000 by Census Tract
9. Housing Units 1990 — 2000 by State, County, Municipality
10. Projected Population Growth by State and County through 2030
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Table of Contents
11. Projected Population Growth by County through 2060
12. Employment and Growth by Industry for Cleveland County 1995 - 2005
13. Cleveland County Top Industries
14. Water Usage Summary for Cleveland County Water, 1999 -2002
15. Water Usage Summary for Cleveland County Water, 2003 -2007
16. Residential and Non - residential Water Usage for Cleveland County Water,
1999 -20007
17. Daily Water Usage for Cleveland County Water (mgd ), 2003 -2007
18. Water Demand for Cleveland County Water
Figures
1. Vicinity Map
2. Broad River Basin in North Carolina
3. Service Area
4. Census Tracts
5. Future land Use
Appendix A
Proclamations and Resolutions

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1. Introduction
In accordance with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1969, as
amended, a planning, environmental, and engineering study is under way to increase
the water supply for Cleveland County Water. An Environmental Impact Statement
(EIS) will be prepared to describe and evaluate potential impacts to the natural, cultural
and human environments associated with the proposed action. This Purpose and
Need Statement will comprise the first chapter of the EIS.
The content of this document conforms to the requirements of Council on
Environmental Quality (CEQ) regulations, which provide direction regarding
implementation of the procedural provisions of NEPA. It is anticipated that any build
alternative selected will require U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) permits;
therefore, the USACE is the lead agency for the EIS. The EIS will be prepared by a
third party in conformance with 33 CFR Part 325.
1.1 Proposed Action
The proposed action is to construct a water supply reservoir in the First Broad River
basin near Lawndale in Cleveland County, North Carolina.
1.2 Summary of Need for the Proposed Action
It is projected that Cleveland County Water will need 7.91 million gallons per day (mgd)
of raw water by 2060 to meet average day demands and 11.51 mgd to meet maximum
day demands (see Section 4.4.2). At the Cleveland County Water intake on the First
Broad River, the estimated available raw water supply under low flow conditions is
5.94 mgd (see Section 2.4.1).
Historical records from 1940 through 2008 were used to assess the ability of
Cleveland County Water's existing run -of -river intake to supply future raw water
needs. Assuming a 70 cfs minimum flow requirement, the future average day
demand of 7.91 mgd would not be met on 9.7 percent of the days (2,434 out of
25,051 days). Of these, as many as 110 days would be consecutive. Water
shortages lasting at least 10 consecutive days would occur 4 percent of the time (see
Section 4.4.3).

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The First Broad River is insufficient to meet projected demands, based on the following
conditions:
Fluctuations in the normal stream flow of the First Broad River vary widely and
affect water availability at the Cleveland County Water intake on a daily basis.
Cleveland County suffered a severe drought that peaked in 2002. The county
experienced another drought in 2008 and is susceptible to future droughts. A long-
term solution is needed to ensure adequate drinking water, especially during
drought conditions.
Groundwater is not a reliable source of water in the Cleveland County area, as
wells either run dry or have low water levels. Water quality is also a concern. It is
estimated that approximately 8,000 housing units (approximately 20,240 persons)
rely on individual groundwater wells as the sole source of potable water. It is
expected that most of these residences will become Cleveland County Water
customers through the planning period (2060).
The population of Cleveland County Water's current service area is projected to
increase by approximately 6,000 persons by 2060. It is expected that these new
residents will be Cleveland County Water customers.
Based on continuing requests for service connections, it is evident that the need
for a dependable source of potable water does not stop at the county line.
Cleveland County Water already serves approximately 500 customers in Gaston,
Lincoln and Rutherford counties. Cleveland County Water plans to expand its
service area in areas that can be more easily and economically served by
Cleveland County Water rather than existing water systems in these counties.
1.3 Purpose of the Proposed Action
The purpose of the proposed action is to ensure a dependable water supply for
Cleveland County Water that meets projected long -term (2060) needs. A "dependable"
water supply will provide the district's needs and maintain required instream flows
(assuming water conservation measures are implemented in accordance with an
approved drought management plan).

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1.4 Project Objectives
Key project objectives, applicable to the Cleveland County Water service area, include
the following:
• develop an effective and efficient water supply system;
• provide adequate water infrastructure that supports population growth and
economic development;
• maintain sufficient instream flow to support aquatic habitat and other uses;
• sustain required flow levels for downstream users; and
• respond to the needs of existing and future water customers.
1.5 Project Setting
Cleveland County is located in the southwestern Piedmont of North Carolina in the
foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains. Cleveland County is bordered by Gaston and
Lincoln counties on the east, Burke County on the north, Rutherford County on the
west, and South Carolina to the south. The primary transportation route is US 74,
which traverses the county in an east -west direction, connecting Interstates 85 and 26.
Interstate 85 traverses the southeastern corner of Cleveland County.
Shelby, the largest municipality in the county, is the county seat. Other municipalities
include Kings Mountain, Boiling Springs, Belwood, Casar, Earl, Fallston, Grover,
Kingstown, Lattimore, Lawndale, Mooresboro, Patterson Springs, Polkville, and Waco
(see Figure 1). The largest cities or towns, Shelby, Kings Mountain, and Boiling
Springs, are concentrated on or near the US 74 corridor. Despite the number of
incorporated towns, Cleveland County remains relatively rural overall. In 2000, most of
these municipalities had a population below 1,000 according to U.S. Census data.
(See Population and Demographic Trends, Section 4. 1.)
1.6 Water Resources
Most of Cleveland County is located in the Broad River Basin. A small area of eastern
Cleveland County is in the Catawba River Basin (see Figure 2). In North Carolina, the
Broad River Basin encompasses a 1,513 square mile watershed with headwaters in

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the mountains. The First Broad, Second Broad, and Green rivers are the major
tributaries of the Broad River. The First Broad River originates in Rutherford County
and flows into the Broad River in Cleveland County, just north of the South Carolina
border. The Broad River flows southeast into South Carolina, eventually flowing into
the Atlantic Ocean as the Cooper River at Charleston, South Carolina.
1.6.1 Sub -Basin 03 -08 -04
The Broad River Sub -basin (03- 08 -04) includes approximately 240 square miles and
encompasses the project area and approximately two- thirds of Cleveland County,
Land within this sub -basin is the transitional zone between the mountain and piedmont
eco- regions. According to the 2006 Basinwide Assessment Report for the Broad
River, land cover in this sub -basin is primarily forested (63 percent forest/wetiand) and
pasture (31.2 percent pasture /managed herbaceous). Urbanized areas account for 2.7
percent of the land area in the sub - basin, while cultivated cropland includes 2.0 percent
of the land area in the sub - basin.
The North Carolina Division of Water Quality (NCDWQ) reports that water quality in
this sub -basin is good overall. Benthic macroinvertebrate data from three sites on the
First Broad River resulted in "Good" bioclassifications. None of the surface waters in
this sub -basin are considered to be impaired.
1.6.2 Sub -Basin 03 -08 -05
The Broad River Sub -basin (03- 08 -05) includes approximately 181 square miles and
encompasses most of eastern Cleveland County. This area is considered to be in the
piedmont eco - region, although some streams in the northern portion of the watershed
exhibit some mountain characteristics. Land use is dominated by forest and
agricultural activities (48.5 percent forest/wetland and 40.5 percent pasture /managed
herbaceous). While urban uses account for only 5.1 percent of total land cover, residential
development is increasing. Kings Mountain is the largest urban area in the sub - basin.
The NCDWQ reports that water quality in this sub -basin is good overall. None of the
surface waters in this sub -basin are considered to be impaired, although some water
quality issues have been documented.

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1.7 Project History
In 1989, the North Carolina Division of Water Resources (NCDWR) prepared the
Cleveland County Water Supply Study, at the request of the Cleveland County Board
of Commissioners. The study was prepared, in part, to project future water needs and
determine if future water needs (2030) will exceed existing supplies. The study
determined that existing systems were adequate to meet 2020 needs, with the
exception of the Town of Boiling Springs' well system. The town is now connected to
the City of Shelby's system. The study suggested that raw water supply availability
may be increased through capital improvements, such as reservoirs and offstream
storage.
The possibility of an impoundment on the First Broad River has been explored for a
number of years. The USACE studied a potential reservoir on the First Broad River in
1990. It was determined that a reservoir was not feasible for flood control purposes;
however, a reservoir might be feasible for water supply purposes (USAGE 1990).
The 1995 Cleveland County Land Use Plan, adopted by the Cleveland County Board
of Commissioners in November 1995, included the following recommendation:
"Support the development of a 50 million gallon raw water reservoir for the Cleveland
County Sanitary District."
A feasibility study for the First Broad River Reservoir was completed by McGill
Associates in 1997. The study concluded that a reservoir would be needed by 2029
and recommended an impoundment on the First Broad River (McGill 1997).
The water shortages experienced during the 2002 drought demonstrated the need for
a more dependable water supply. Since that time, Cleveland County Water has
continued to work towards this goal. Additional information about drought conditions is
provided in Section 2.4.2.3.
The adopted 2005 Cleveland County Land Use Plan notes that a reservoir site has
been chosen and the project is in the environmental permitting stage. The 2005 plan's
Land Use Plan Map shows a reservoir site.

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2. Cleveland County Water
2.1 Background
2.1.1 Sanitary Districts in North Carolina
Cleveland County Water was established under North Carolina statutes as a sanitary
district. In North Carolina, a sanitary district is a special governmental unit created for
the purpose of preserving and promoting the public health and welfare. A sanitary
district is formed with the consent of a majority of property owners in the proposed
district. The North Carolina Commission for Public Health and the Board of
Commissioners of the county (or counties) where the proposed district is located create
the sanitary district by adopting an ordinance setting the corporate boundaries of the
district. According to North Carolina general statutes (G.S.), a sanitary district may be
established without regard for county, township or municipal lines. (However, approval
by a municipality is required before including any part of a municipality in the sanitary
district.)
A sanitary district has the power to acquire, construct, maintain and operate water
supply systems and water purification or treatment plants and other utilities "within and
outside the corporate limits of the district, as may be necessary for the preservation of
the public health and sanitary welfare outside the corporate limits of the district, within
reasonable limitation" (G.S. 130A -55). Corporate powers set by North Carolina
statutes also include the power to levy taxes on property within the district; to acquire
by purchase or condemnation, property, easements, and rights -of -way inside or
outside the district; to negotiate and enter into agreements with other water suppliers in
order to carry out the purpose of the sanitary district, A sanitary district has the
authority to levy taxes only within its corporate boundaries but the sanitary district may
set a different rate for customers inside and outside the corporate boundaries of the
district. The statutes also set provisions for expanding the corporate boundaries of a
sanitary district. A complete list of corporate powers of a sanitary district is included in
G.S. 130A -55.
2.1.2 History of Cleveland County Water
Cleveland County Water was established in accordance with state statutes as the
Upper Cleveland County Sanitary District in 1980. In 1984, the Upper Cleveland
County Sanitary District started supplying water to 1,200 customers. By the late
1980s, the Piedmont Metropolitan Water District had formed in southern Cleveland

County to address dry wells and poor water quality in the southern portion of the
county. The two districts merged in 1989 to form the Cleveland County Sanitary
District. By 1990, the sanitary district was serving 16,800 customers with 5,600
meters. In February 2008 upon approval of the North Carolina Commission for Health
Services, the Cleveland County Sanitary District changed its name to Cleveland
County Water,
In July 2008, Cleveland County Water was providing water to approximately 45,155
residential customers with 18,374 active meters. With approximately 3,000 inactive
meters also on the system, the total number of residential customers could increase to
over 52,700. Cleveland County Water covers approximately 80 percent of the
geographic area of the county and is one of the fastest growing water providers in
North Carolina. Cleveland County Water has averaged 520 new taps per year since
1999 and this trend is expected to continue over the next 5 years.
2.2 Facilities
2.2.1 Existing Facilities
Cleveland County Water uses the First Broad River as the source for a 6.0 mgd water
plant. Cleveland County Water operates raw water intakes and a pump station at the
confluence of the First Broad River and Knob Creek. The raw water intake facility can
withdraw a maximum of 10 mgd from the First Broad River and Knob Creek. The
current average daily withdrawal is 3.70 mgd. The distribution system includes
approximately 1,000 miles of water lines and several finished water storage tanks. In
addition, Cleveland County Water has emergency connections with Kings Mountain;
Shelby; the Broad River Water Authority; and Grassy Pond, a small system in southern
Cleveland County.
2.2.2 Planned Facilities
Cleveland County Water plans to expand its water treatment plant capacity in
anticipation of system growth. As the first phase of water treatment plant expansion,
Cleveland County Water plans to build off - stream storage sized to accommodate a 10
mgd water treatment plant. This off - stream storage is required by state code in order
to provide an unpolluted storage reserve in the event of contaminant spills. With a
capacity of 50 million gallons, the off - stream storage will provide a 5 -day supply of
water. The storage facility has been permitted by the USACF (permit number
200531774) and will be operational in 2011. Future expansion may also include
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expansion of the filters to 8 mgd, expansion of the distribution pumps to 10 mgd, and
upgrading the water treatment plant capacity to 10 mgd.
2.3 Service Area
2.3.1 Existing Service Area
Cleveland County Water provides water to most rural areas of the county; the towns of
Belwood, Casar, Earl, Kingstown, Lattimore, Mooresboro, Patterson Springs, Polkville,
and Waco; and on a contract basis to the town of Fallston. Cleveland County Water
also has lines extending into Gaston, Lincoln, and Rutherford counties. Cleveland
County Water has connections extending to Boiling Springs, Fallston, and Lawndale for
emergency use. The Cleveland County Water service area boundary is based on
topography and the hydraulic grade line of the distribution system, which includes
existing finished water storage tanks. Cleveland County Water's service area is shown
in Figure 3.
2.3.2 Future Service Area
As evidenced by the existing service area and requests from property owners, the
need for water does not stop at the Cleveland County line. Cleveland County Water
plans to continue to expand its distribution system into areas of Rutherford, Lincoln,
and Gaston counties which can be more easily and economically served by Cleveland
County Water rather than existing water systems in these counties. Future service
area is shown on Figure 3.
Cleveland County Water owns a water storage tank in northern Cleveland County near
Casar, as well as a smaller water storage tank on Moriah School Road near the
Rutherford County line. These tank locations allow for service into the northern part of
Rutherford County. Near the Polkville area of Cleveland County, Cleveland County
Water owns a tank which provides water service to the areas of Cleveland County west
of the First Broad River. The location of this Polkville tank and the hydraulic service
area provided from the tank also permits economical service into the eastern part of
Rutherford County.
The boundary for the Rutherford County future service area is based on topography
and resulting hydraulic constraints and existing service areas for other water providers
in the county. For example, in the northern part of Rutherford County, Cherry
Mountain, located southwest of NC 226, provides a natural drainage boundary

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between the First Broad River to the east and the Second Broad River to the west.
This natural geographic boundary makes the provision of water service farther
westward uneconomical due to hydraulic constraints.
Generally, the Rutherford County expansion area stretches from just north of the First
Broad River to the Second Broad River to the south. The western boundary follows
ridge lines and property lines. Future water service to the east of this boundary is not
feasible and water service to the west of the boundary will be provided by existing
water systems located in Rutherford County, either the BRWA, the Town of Ellenboro
or the Town of Forest City.
Future service to the east of Cleveland County by Cleveland County Water into Lincoln
and Gaston counties is limited by system hydraulics similar to those described above.
The eastern service area boundary in Lincoln County and Gaston County as shown on
the "Service Area" map (Figure 3) is the ridge line between the Broad River Basin and
the Catawba River basins. Future service into these two adjoining counties is
proposed entirely within the Broad River Basin and outside the Cherryville city limits.
2.4 Water Supply and Availability
2.4.1 Available Raw Water Supply
An updated 7Q10 was used as a basis for determining available raw water supply.
According to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), informal low -flow analysis completed
for the gage station on the First Broad River at Casar indicates a 7Q10 of 15.4 cfs. At
a drainage area of 60.5 square miles, the 7Q10 is the equivalent of 0.25 cfs per square
mile (cfsm). [Note: The period of record for this analysis is the 1959 through 2007
climatic years, ending March 31, 2008.] At the Cleveland County Water intake site,
with a drainage area of 181 square miles, the 7Q10 was estimated to be 46.07 cfs.
Based on the new 7Q10 calculation, the available raw water supply from the First
Broad River at the Cleveland County Water intake is estimated to be 9.21 cfs or 5.94
mgd. This is based on minimum criteria under the North Carolina State Environmental
Policy Act that limit withdrawals to no more than 20 percent of the 7Q10 flow in the
absence of an instream flow study of aquatic habitat showing that larger withdrawals
are acceptable.

2.4.2 Issues Affecting Water Supply
The river's capacity to supply water to Cleveland County Water is substantially affected
by other demands on the river and by fluctuations in the normal stream flow.
Downstream from the Cleveland County Water intake, the City of Shelby also relies on
the First Broad River for water; therefore, downstream conveyance to the city's intake
is a concern. The First Broad River receives wastewater treatment plant discharges,
mainly from the City of Shelby, and is used for agricultural irrigation purposes. An
instream flow regime is also required to sustain the aquatic community within the river.
Other instream uses for water can include water quality maintenance and prevention of
sediment build -up.
2.4.2.1 Aquatic Habitat
The NCDWR determines flow requirements for streams to ensure aquatic habitat
protection. The aquatic habitat target flow' was determined to be 70 cfs (45.16 mgd) at
the previous Cleveland County Water intake (Sutherland 1992). Cleveland County
Water was allowed to take 5 mgd without instream flow limits, but could take an
additional amount up to a total of 6 mgd if a flow of 70 cfs was maintained immediately
downstream of the intake. At the current intake location, no minimum flow or
withdrawal constraint is required (Sutherland 1997). V—
2.422 National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
Point source dischargers located throughout North Carolina are regulated through the
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) program. The NPDES
program was established to control point - source discharges of water pollution.
Dischargers are required by law to register for a permit, The permitting process
includes determining the quality and quantity of treated wastewater that the receiving
' According to the Cleveland County Water Supply Survey ( NCDWR 1989), instream target
flows are based on maintaining one dominant instream use or a combination of uses. During
those times when natural flows are below the target flow, projects capable of flow augmentation
should maintain the target flow, while others without flow augmentation should use the naturally
occurring flow as the temporary target.
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stream can assimilate, incorporating input from stream modeling, collaborating with
NCDWQ Regional Office staff, and evaluation of the discharger's location.
According to NCDWQ, there are eleven permitted dischargers within the 03 -08 -04 sub -
basin, three of which are considered major dischargers. Of the eleven dischargers, the
City of Shelby Waste Water Treatment Plant (major), the City of Shelby Water
Treatment Plan (minor), Cleveland County Water (minor), and an industrial facility
(major) discharge to the First Broad River. The First Broad River plays an important
role as a receiving stream for treated wastewater.
2.4.2.3 Drought Conditions
Water systems such as Cleveland County Water that rely on run -of -river type intakes
are particularly susceptible to water shortages during drought conditions. The drought
that Cleveland County experienced from 1999 to 2002 highlighted the need for a more
dependable water source. The drought was so severe that Governor Michael Easley
declared a State of Disaster and State of Emergency existed in the Cleveland County
Water service area and the City of Shelby. Cherryville, located in Gaston County to the
east, was also named in the proclamation. In addition, local proclamations were issued
by Cleveland County, excluding the City of Kings Mountain, and by the City of Shelby.
In July and August of 2002 the flow at the Cleveland County Water intake dropped to
3.0 mgd (McGill 2004). Also during that time, the available supply at the City of Shelby
water intake dropped to less that 1.50 mgd (McGill 2004). As a result, water
restrictions were imposed and Cleveland County Water and the City of Shelby were
forced to find alternative means to provide water to their customers. To provide some
relief, the Broad River Water Authority,allowed an emergency connection to the
Cleveland County Water system, However, this connection could only supply water to
approximately 200 customers because of the six -inch pipe size and the difference in
elevation of the two systems' tanks.
Even during drought conditions, Moss Lake provided a more than adequate supply of
water to the Kings Mountain service area. The City of Kings Mountain was able to
provide water to Shelby customers through an emergency connection with the City of
Shelby water system. This connection is to provide water only during periods of a
declared emergency. Shelby also pumped water from a small privately owned lake,
and implemented water restrictions in order to continue to supply water to their
customers during the drought (McGill 2004). To prepare for future drought conditions,
the City of Shelby and Cleveland County Water installed an emergency 30 -inch water
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line to the Broad River after the 2002 drought. It should be noted that the Broad River
may also be at risk during drought conditions and the location of the intake requires
water to be pumped. However, USGS gage data indicates that during the 2002 and
2008 droughts there was sufficient water in the Broad River to meet water supply
needs. As the demand for water in the Cleveland County Water and City of Shelby
service areas increases, Moss Lake will not be sufficient to supply these areas during
drought.
Droughts also occurred in the area in 1977 and 1986 (Cawthon 2005) and the area
was also in drought in 2008. According to the U.S. Drought Monitor, Cleveland County
experienced exceptional drought in August 2008. While the area did not experience
the degree of water shortage experienced during the drought that peaked in 2002,
water levels werea cause for concern. Such concerns are documented in news
articles published in the Shelby Star in the summers of 2005 (Cawthon 2005) and 2006
(DeLea 2006), and again in June 2008 (Wilson 2008). Large amounts of rainfall that
occur in relatively short periods of time are not helpful towards easing drought
conditions because there are no provisions for capturing water. Steady rains over a
longer period of time are needed to restore the water table and increase stream flows.
2.4.2.4 Run -of -River Intake
Of the 32 water providers in North Carolina serving a population of 40,000 or more, 16
depend on reservoirs as their primary water source, while three depend on
groundwater. The remaining 13 water providers, including Cleveland County Water,
depend on run -of -river type intakes for water supply (see Table 1.) These intakes are
located on the Cape Fear River (Fayetteville, Wilmington, Harnett County, Brunswick
County, Sanford), Yadkin River (Davidson, Salisbury), Tar River (Greenville), Neuse
River (Johnston County), Catawba River (Union County), and the First Broad River
(Cleveland County). With the exception of the First Broad River, these are considered
major rivers in North Carolina. Table 2 compares the size of watersheds and river
volume for these water systems. Based on data from the gage at Casar, the First
Broad River in proximity to the Cleveland County Water intake has the lowest mean
and median flow.
Even in non - drought conditions, fluctuations in the normal stream flow can vary widely
and affect available water on a daily basis. The USGS maintains a surface water
gaging station on the First Broad River near Casar. For illustrative purposes, annual
discharge data beginning in 1960 is included in Table 3. As the table indicates, annual
discharge during the 45 -year period varied from a high of 139.3 cfs (89.9 mgd) in 1960
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and 1975, to a low of 26.8 cfs (17.3 mgd) in 2002. A breakdown of this data by month
further illustrates the variation in flows of the First Broad River (see Table 4.) Daily
flows are recorded by the Casar gage beginning March 1, 1959. Daily records are
available on the USGS website: http: / /waterdata.usgs.gov /nwis.
3. Other Area Water Sources
The existing sources of potable water in Cleveland County are Moss Lake, the First
Broad River, and groundwater. The Broad River is a source of limited drinking water
during emergencies. Water sources and providers for Cleveland County are shown in
Table 5.
3.1 John H. Moss Reservoir
The John H. Moss Reservoir (Moss Lake), an impoundment on Buffalo Creek, is the
raw water supply for the City of Kings Mountain and the Town of Grover. Moss Lake
has a total drainage area of approximately 68 square miles in eastern Cleveland
County. The City of Kings Mountain operates an 8.0 mgd water treatment plant
adjacent to the lake. The city provides water only within its corporate limits and to its
municipal customer, the Town of Grover. However, the city permitted the construction
of an emergency connection with the City of Shelby water system during the 2002
drought to provide water only for emergency purposes. According to the city, the water
provided by Moss Lake is sufficient to meet demands of its service area through 2050
and beyond. In 2007 Kings Mountain permitted the construction of an emergency
connection with Cleveland County Water.
3.2 First Broad River
In addition to Cleveland County Water, the First Broad River is also the water source
for the City of Shelby, the Town of Boiling Springs. (Boiling Springs purchases water
from Shelby.)
The City of Shelby has a raw water intake on the First Broad River which supplies
water to the city's water treatment plant. Treatment facilities include three off - stream
raw water reservoirs. The intake location has a drainage area of approximately 226
square miles. Shelby's water treatment plant has a capacity of 12.0 mgd and current
average daily water treated is 4.2 mgd. Demand has decreased in recent years as
several manufacturing plants in the city have closed. Peak demand (2005) is
approximately 6 mgd compared to 8 to 9 mgd in past years (City of Shelby Strategic
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Growth Plan 2005). The City of Shelby provides water on a wholesale basis to the
Town of Boiling Springs. The contract amount in 2002 was 1.0 mgd (Shelby Water
Supply Plan 2002).
The City of Shelby Water and Wastewater Planning Report sets a future water service
area boundary that extends beyond the current city limits. Shelby's water system is
encircled by the Cleveland County Water service area, which limits the ability of the city
to expand its water system. Expansion of Shelby's water service area and annexation
in areas already served by Cleveland County Water could affect the district's customer
base to some degree.
According to the city's Strategic Growth Plan, "when the city annexes new areas, it
cannot take these annexed homes and businesses into its water system customer
base." However, according to Brad Cornwell, Shelby Public Utilities Director, "the city
can require connection to the public water system if the building or structure is within
300 feet of such public water main and the property abuts a street where a public water
main is available" (Cornwell 2007). There is no city policy to specifically address
annexation of areas served by Cleveland County Water. In the past, the city has
chosen not to provide water in most cases where the annexed area is already served
by Cleveland County Water, but reserves the right in the future to construct water
facilities if it is feasible (Cornwell 2007). At a minimum, the city is required to provide
increased flows for fire protection to these annexed areas.
Based on the City of Shelby's 2002 Water Supply Plan, average daily water demands
for the city's service area are projected to be 8.7 mgd by 2050, including contract sales
of 1.0 mgd. Assuming an average day to maximum day multiplier of 1.5,
approximately 13 mgd would be needed in 2050.
3.3 Groundwater
In Cleveland County, the primary problem associated with dependence on
groundwater as a source for potable water is a natural shortage in water, with either
very low water levels in wells or wells running dry. It is sometimes necessary to drill
several wells before finding water (North Carolina Division of Water Resources 1989).
Property owners have to assume the risk and cost of drilling dry wells in their search for
a suitable yielding well. It is more cost effective to connect to a water system if
available.
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4

Water quality is also a problem. For example, residents of the Town of Mooresboro
relied on wells as their source for potable water prior to 2005. Many residents had to
bleach their well water to sanitize it, and in 2003 E, coli bacteria were discovered in 6 of
11 wells tested (Scott 2004), Also, some wells ran dry during the 2002 drought. The
town was connected to the Cleveland County Water system in 2005.
In some areas of the county, both recharge and discharge areas display high
concentrations of iron and manganese in the groundwater. Water treatment for these
metals is necessary (North Carolina Division of Water Resources 1989). Where iron or
manganese is not a problem, the groundwater may require chlorination. In addition,
lithium has been detected in groundwater in the Cherryville and Bessemer City vicinity
of Gaston County. (Cleveland County Water already has nearly 100 customers in
Gaston County.) Costs associated with water treatment, whether for a municipal
system or individual well, are ultimately bome by the end user. Additional treatment
can potentially be a significant expense (Selzer 2007).
3.3.1 Municipal Systems
The towns of Lawndale and Fallston rely on groundwater for their primary water supply.
Lawndale draws its water supply from two wells with a combined average daily
withdrawal of 0.058 mgd for 287 connections (Lawndale Water Supply Plan 2002). In
the Town of Fallston, three wells provide an average daily withdrawal of 0.046 mgd.
Fallston supplements this supply with water purchases from Cleveland County Water.
In 2002, the average daily amount provided to Fallston was 0.001 mgd, with a contract
amount of 0.002 mgd, according to the draft 2002 Fallston water supply plan.
3.3.2 Private Wells
Groundwater is the water source for numerous residences throughout rural Cleveland
County. However, very little data is available regarding private wells in the county.
Until recently, Cleveland County did not require permits for private wells and the county
Health Department inspected wells only upon request. In July 2006, the state of North
Carolina mandated that all counties adopt drinking water well regulations. House Bill
2873 requires all North Carolina counties to implement a private drinking water well
permitting, inspection, and testing program. As a result, Cleveland County adopted
"Rules Governing the construction, Inspection, Repair, Abandonment, and Water
Quality Testing of Private Drinking Water Wells in Cleveland County." The ordinance
was effective July 1, 2007.
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It is estimated that approximately 8,000 housing units in Cleveland County rely on
groundwater for potable water. A number of these have a metered connection to the
Cleveland County Water system; however, the meter is inactive. In 1992, the county
began requiring new residences to tie on to Cleveland County Water lines if they were
available (McCarter 2006).
3.4 Broad River
In Cleveland County, the Broad River is not currently used as a water source for
everyday use. The City of Shelby and Cleveland County Water have a 30 -inch raw
water line from the Broad River to the Shelby water treatment plant. The raw water
line and a pumping station were constructed as a result of the 2002 drought, as
mentioned in Section 2.4.2.3. Cleveland County Water is also equipped to obtain
small quantities of water from the Broad River in emergencies.
In Rutherford County, the Broad River is the primary water source for the Broad River
Water Authority. Several municipalities, including Forest City and some in South
Carolina, plan to use the Broad River as a water source.
4. Water Demand
Increases in future water supply needs for Cleveland County Water will be affected by
new customers in the existing service area and service area expansion into adjacent
counties. Within the existing service area (Figure 3), new metered connections are
expected due primarily to well conversions and population growth. As discussed in
Section 2.2.3, groundwater is not expected to be a reliable source of potable water in
Cleveland County. Groundwater quality and drought conditions (wells drying up) will
likely result in increased demand for water from Cleveland County Water. Population
trends and economic conditions that may affect population growth in the county and
the type of users (e.g., commercial and industrial users) are discussed in the following
sections. (Note: This information is provided primarily to describe existing
socioeconomic conditions in Cleveland County and was not directly used in the
population projections. The North Carolina State Demographics Unit (Office of State
Management and Budget) provided population projections through 2029.)
Cleveland County Water's service area and future demand will also be influenced, but
to a lesser degree, by annexation and government policies. For example, as
discussed in Section 2.2.1, it is the policy of the City of Kings Mountain not to provide
water outside its corporate limits (other than to the Town of Grover.) In addition, recent
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state legislation requiring county well inspection programs could result in more
requests to connect to Cleveland County Water's system.
As previously noted, Cleveland County Water provides water to some customers in
adjacent counties. The sanitary district plans to continue to expand its service area
into these counties as requested. Demand in these areas will also be largely based on
population growth and problems with groundwater. Cleveland County Water's future
service area expansion in adjacent counties is shown in Figure 3.
4.1 Population and Demographic Trends
4.1.1 Population Growth
Cleveland County experienced moderate population growth of approximately 14
percent from 1990 to 2000. Historical population data indicate similar growth rates in
the 1960s and 1970s, but a substantially lower growth rate in the 1980s of less than 2
percent (see Table 6). While U.S. Census data indicate substantial growth in municipal
population from 1990 to 2000, some of that growth is due to expansion of corporate
limits. Shelby, in particular, can attribute most of its population gain during that period
to an aggressive annexation program. An examination of population growth by census
tract indicates that the highest population growth occurred in the southern and eastern
areas of the county, with population declines in the central areas of Shelby and Kings
Mountain. A breakdown of 1990 to 2000 population growth by municipality and census
tract is provided in Tables 7 and 8, respectively. Census tracts are shown on Figure 4.
From 1990 to 2000, approximately 4,066 county residents were added to the
Cleveland County Water service area. Population growth in the service area was
estimated by excluding population in Shelby, Boiling Springs, Kings Mountain, and
Grover from the overall county population. (Note: Fallston and Lawndale were
included in the service area because these municipalities use groundwater and are
potential Cleveland County Sanitary District customers.)
4.1.2 Housing
The increase in housing units is another indicator of water demand. The number of
housing units in Cleveland County increased by nearly 18 percent (6,085 units) from
1990 to 2000 (Table 9). The number of housing units added in the Cleveland County
Water service area is estimated to be 2,710 units (Table 9). Like population growth,
the increase in the number of housing units in Shelby is largely due to annexation. The
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greater increase in the percentage of housing units as compared to population
increase could indicate a trend in the reduction of household size or an increase in the
supply of vacant housing during this period. According to the US Census, the average
household size for Cleveland County in 2000 was 2.53 persons, while the average
household size in 1990 was slightly higher at 2.59. In addition, the percentage of
vacant housing rose from 6.4 percent to 8.1 percent of total housing during this period.
A breakdown of 1990 to 2000 housing units by state, county, and municipality is
provided in Table 9.
4.1.3 Population Projections
In May 2009 the North Carolina State Demographics Unit (Office of State Management
and Budget) provided county population projections through 2029. Population through
2060 was projected using an average annual growth rate based on the state's
projected growth from 2005 through 2029. It was assumed that each county would
experience this same average growth rate over the next 30 years through 2060.
Population growth in Cleveland County will continue to be influenced by proximity to
major metropolitan areas, the Charlotte- Gastonia area in particular, and proximity to
major transportation routes. Within Cleveland County, population growth is expected
to a greater extent in the southern and southeastern portions of the county.
The North Carolina State Demographics Unit projects that Cleveland County will grow
by approximately 12.6 percent from 2005 to 2029, reaching a population of 108,553 by
2029. In comparison, the state of North Carolina is expected to grow by approximately
44 percent during the same period. Assuming a constant growth rate for the next 30-
year period, Cleveland County's population would reach nearly 127,509 by 2060.
In addition to growth in Cleveland County, growth in the adjacent counties of
Rutherford, Lincoln and Gaston will also play a role in future water demand for
Cleveland County Water. (Note: The population in the adjacent counties' portion of
the future service area was estimated using census data at the block level. The
boundaries for the census blocks closely correspond to the future service area
boundary. It was assumed that the population of these future service areas will grow at
the same rate as the county overall.)
The North Carolina State Demographics Unit projects that Rutherford County's
population will increase by approximately 26 percent from 2005 to 2029. During the
same period, Gaston County's population is expected to increase by approximately 56
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percent, while Lincoln County's population is expected to increase by nearly 70
percent. A constant growth rate was assumed to project population growth through
2060. It was also assumed that the growth in the future service area portion of these
counties will grow at the same rate as the counties overall.
Population projections are shown in Tables 10 and 11.
4.2 Economic Characteristics
4.2.1 Economic Base
Cleveland County is ranked one of the top ten best small markets by Southern
Business and Development magazine (Charlotte Regional Partnership 2006). The
county boasts easy access from four major interstate highways (1-85,1-77,1-26, and
1 -40) and the Charlotte Douglas International Airport, making geography one of its
prime assets.
Although Cleveland County's economy was once dependent upon textile
manufacturing, the county's economy is diverse, with no dependence on any one
industry. From 1995 to 2005, manufacturing jobs in the county decreased by 7,609
jobs; however, manufacturing still dominates in terms of number of jobs. Employment
by industry is shown in Table 12.
4.2.2 Employment Centers and Major Employers
According to the North Carolina Department of Commerce, the top manufacturers in
Cleveland County include PPG Industries Fiberglass Products, Eaton Corporation, and
Entertainment Distribution Company. The top non - manufacturing employers in
Cleveland County are Cleveland County Schools, Cleveland Regional Medical Center,
Cleveland County government, and Gardner -Webb University. Cleveland County's top
employers are listed in Table 13
As indicated on Table 13, the county's employment centers are primarily in and around
the cities of Shelby and Kings Mountain. In addition, major retail centers are the
Cleveland Mail in Shelby and the uptown Shelby, Kings Mountain, and Boiling Springs
areas.
There are several major industrial parks in Cleveland County. The Cleveland County
Industrial Park is located in Kings Mountain. The 250 -acre park is home to Sara Lee
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Intimate Apparel, which recently expanded; MRA Industries; and Owens & Minor.
Cleveland County recently assembled a 210 -acre industrial park to help with industrial
recruitment efforts in the county. The site has rail access and is located near the
proposed US 74 Bypass, just west of Shelby.
The North Carolina Department of Commerce is currently marketing 18 buildings and
45 sites in Cleveland County for commercial or industrial use. According to marketing
information, Cleveland County Water would provide water to 21 of these properties.
A total of 30 properties would likely rely on the First Broad River for water supply.
Industrial recruitment efforts are enhanced by several tax credit and incentive
programs that are available to industries that locate or expand in Cleveland County.
For example, firms such as manufacturing and processing operations, warehousing
and distribution plants, and data processing firms that pay at least 110 percent of the
average county wage are eligible for tax incentives under the William S. Lee Quality
Jobs and Business Expansion Program.
4.3 Land Use and Development
Development trends, projected future land use patterns, and local land use policies and
regulations were examined to determine the potential effect on future water demand
and the distribution of that demand.
Historically, development patterns in Cleveland County have largely been influenced by
transportation corridors. The arrival of the railroad spurred growth in the 1870s and
established Shelby as a cotton market and textile manufacturing center. Shelby and
Kings Mountain, the largest cities in the county, are located along US 74, an east -west
route that traverses North Carolina. Growth in the county continues to be influenced by
proximity to 1 -85, which traverses the southeastern corner of the county, and by
proximity to the Charlotte- Gastonia area. Gardner -Webb University, located in Boiling
Springs, also played a role in the growth and development of the southern area of
Cleveland County. According to the Cleveland County Planning Director, growth in this
southern portion of the county is expected to continue.
Cleveland County residents have favored rural or suburban areas to municipalities.
The distribution of municipal and rural /suburban population in the county for the period
1950 to 2000 shows that at least 57 percent of the population lived in rural and
suburban areas during that time. In 2000, 56,334 of the county's 96,287 residents, or
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nearly 60 percent, lived in rural and suburban areas. Another trend is the loss of
population from the central -city areas in Shelby and Kings Mountain.
The Cleveland County Future Land Use Map, adopted as part of the Cleveland County
2005 Land Use Plan, identifies generalized land use patterns through 2015 (see Figure
5). The land use plan map indicates that growth in the county is expected in the
central and southern areas with rural residential uses primarily to the north and west.
(Rural residential includes residential uses with a 1 -acre minimum lot size and limited
commercial uses.) In addition, most of this northern area is in a protected water supply
watershed. The predominant land use designation in the central portion of the county
(outside municipalities) is residential. Much of this area, which is not in the protected
water supply watershed area, is zoned for a one -half acre minimum lot size. Also in
this central area, several large employment centers outside municipalities are indicated
by light industrial, heavy industrial and commercial designations. These areas are
located in proximity to major transportation corridors on the periphery of municipalities.
4.4 Water Demand Projections
4.4.1 Historical Water Demand
Available historical water plant records (1999 - 2007) were evaluated to provide a
basis for projecting future raw water supply needs. Historical records were provided by
c sidential and non - residential use categories. Non - revenue water usage and
unaccounted flow records were available for the previous five years (2003 - 2007),
Historical records are shown in Tables 14, 15, and 16.
The average residential demand was estimated to be 150.6 gpd per metered
connection. Using the Census reported average household size for Cleveland County
of 2.53 persons, water usage was 59.5 gallons per capita per day (gpcd).
Average non - residential demand was estimated to be 465.9 gpd per metered
connection. Also, from 1999 to 2007 an average of 9.2 non- residential meters were
added to the system each year.
Non - revenue water includes water used for system processes such as backwash, line
cleaning and flushing. From 2003 -2007, non - revenue water usage averaged 1.2
percent of the total water plant production. From 2003 -2007, unaccountable water loss
averaged 18.88 percent of the total water plant production. Unaccountable water
includes water used for fire protection and water lost due to leaks and unknown uses.
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These percentages of non - revenue water and unaccountable water can vary from
system to system depending on how specific uses of water are defined and
categorized.
4.4.2 Water Supply Needs
Future water demand was projected for Cleveland County Water based on
population projections and historical water demand records. Average daily demands
for Cleveland County Water are projected to be 7.91 mgd by 2060, while maximum
daily demands are expected to be 11.51 mgd in 2060, based on the number of
existing wells, the projected population growth for Cleveland County, and the
district's expansion plans (see Figure 3).
The "Rules Governing Public Water Systems" as adopted by the NC Department of
Environmental Health, Public Water Supply Section specify that maximum daily
demands are to be used for planning and design purposes, The rules, found in Title
15A, Subchapter 18C of the North Carolina Administrative Code, define "maximum
daily demand" as the average of the two highest consecutive days of record of the
water treated during the previous year. The maximum daily demand to average daily
demand ratio for Cleveland County Water for 2003 through 2007 is 1.414:1. (See
Table 18.) It is important that water supply systems are planned and designed to
supply enough water to meet the maximum daily demand.
In addition to utilizing historical data, several assumptions were made to estimate
future water demand. First, it was assumed that the service area population as a
percentage of overall county population would remain constant. In Cleveland
County, this assumption is supported by past trends regarding the distribution of the
county's population in urban, suburban and rural areas. It was also assumed that
new residential construction in Cleveland County Water's service area would connect
to Cleveland County Water. Projected water demands include an additional 375
connections per year through 2015 due to wells converting. It was assumed that by
2030, all estimated residential wells would be converted to Cleveland County Water.
In adjacent counties, it was assumed that Cleveland County Water's customer base
would continue to expand to include up to 98 percent of the Rutherford County,
Lincoln County and Gaston County expansion areas. in addition, an average of 9.3
new non - residential customers will be added to the Cleveland County Water system
per year with water usage continuing at rates similar to the previous nine years.
Future demand through 2060 for Cleveland County Water, including customers in
adjacent counties, is shown in Table 18.
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4.4.3 No Build Modeling
A No Build scenario was modeled in order to assess the ability of Cleveland County
Water's existing run -of -river intake to supply future raw water needs. Specifically, the
purpose of the model was to determine the number of days when there is inadequate
water in the First Broad River to meet future needs, as described in Section 4.4.2.
The model is based on a synthesized period of record from two USGS gaging
stations (Casar and Lawndale) from March 1940 to September 2008. The model
assumes that up to 6 mgd may be withdrawn with no minimum flow requirement,
based on Cleveland County Water's current permit; however for withdrawals
exceeding 6 mdg, a 70 cfs minimum flow would be required.
Based on this model it is projected that the future average day demand of 7.91 mgd
would not be met on 9.7 percent of the days (or approximately 2,434 days out of
25,051 days). Of these, as many as 110 days would be consecutive. Water
shortages lasting at least 10 consecutive days would occur 4 percent of the time.
Also, based on historical records, the 70 cfs minimum flow would not be met on 8.9
percent of the days (or approximately 2,237 days out of 25,051 days).
S. Summary
With an estimated available raw water supply at the Cleveland County Water intake of
5.94 mgd, the First Broad River will not consistently meet Cleveland County Water's
projected needs. Cleveland County Water provides water for approximately 46 percent
of Cleveland County's population, as well as for numerous commercial and industrial
establishments and adjacent areas of Gaston, Lincoln, and Rutherford counties. With
projected population increases, industrial development and the unreliable nature of
groundwater in the county, the number of people who depend on Cleveland County
Water will certainly increase. The First Broad River does not provide an adequate
water supply to meet future demands of Cleveland County Water, given stream flow
fluctuations, instream flow requirements and downstream flow needs. In addition, the
run -of -river type intake utilized by Cleveland County Water is particularly susceptible to
drought conditions such as those experienced in 2002. A more dependable and
abundant water supply is needed for Cleveland County.
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Purpose and Need
Report
References
6. References
Cawthon, Graham. 2005. Needed rain fails, but crops need more, The Shelby Star.
June 28. http: / /www.shelbystar.com. Accessed October 12, 2006,
Charlotte Regional Partnership. No date. http: / /www,charlotteusa.com /Regional !
regional communities.asp. Accessed September 2006.
City of Kings Mountain website. No date, http: / /www,cityofkm.com. Accessed
September 2006 and October 2007.
City of Kings Mountain. 2006. Kings Mountain Water Supply Plan. North Carolina
Division of Water Resources Review Draft. September 6.
City of Shelby website. No date. http: / /www.cityofshelby.com. Accessed September
2006 and September 2007.
City of Shelby. 2006. Shelby Water Supply Plan, North Carolina Division of Water
Resources Review Draft. September 6.
Cleveland County website. No date. httr): / /www.clevelandcounty.com /nav/ index.htm.
Accessed September 2006.
Cleveland County Chamber of Commerce. No date.
http : / /www.clevelandchamber.orgl. Accessed September 2006.
Cleveland County Sanitary District. 2006. Cleveland County Sanitary District Water
Supply Plan. North Carolina Division of Water Resources Review Draft.
September 6.
Cornwell, Brad R. 2007. City of Shelby Public Utilities Director. Personal
communication to R. Pugh (ARCADIS) [letter]. September 26.
DeLea, Pete. 2006. River low, but supply OK for now, The Shelby Star. June 3.
http: / /www,shelbystar.com. Accessed October 12, 2006.
Environmental Protection Agency, Safe Drinking Water Information System.
http: / /oaspub.epa.gov. Accessed May 2008.
24

Purpose and Need
Report
References
Glenn Harbeck and Associates. 2005. Strategic Growth Plan. City of Shelby, North
Carolina. November.
McCarter, Bill, 2006. Cleveland County Planning Director. (704) 484 -4947. Personal
communication with R. Pugh, ARCADIS. September 11.
McGill Associates. 2004. Environmental Assessment for the Proposed First Broad
River Reservoir. Cleveland County, NC. Asheville, NC. May.
McGill Associates. 1997. Feasibility Study First Broad River Reservoir. Cleveland
County, NC. Asheville, NC. February.
McGill Associates. 1990. Engineering Report, Water Supply and Treatment Study.
City of Shelby, North Carolina. Asheville, NC. August.
North Carolina Department of Commerce.
http: / /www. nccommerce. com/ en/ AboutDOC/ PublicationsReports /CountyProfiles. h
tm. Accessed June 2008,
North Carolina Division of Water Quality (NCDWQ). 2006. http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us.
Accessed September 2006.
NCDWQ. 2006. Broad River Basinwide Assessment Report. North Carolina
Department of Environmental and Natural Resources, Division of Water
Quality, Raleigh, NC.
NCDWQ. 2003. Broad River Basinwide Water Quality Plan. North Carolina
Department of Environmental and Natural Resources, Division of Water
Quality, Raleigh, NC.
North Carolina Division of Water Resources (NCDWR). No date. "Rules Governing
Public Water Supply Systems." http : / /www.deh.enr,state.nc.us /pws /rules/
contents.htm. Accessed February 2008 and April 2009.
NCDWR. 2007. Local Water Supply Plan Instructions.
NCDWR. 2001. State Water Supply Plan. North Carolina. January.
25

Purpose and Need
Report
References
NCDWR. April 1989, Cleveland County Water Supply Survey. Cleveland County,
North Carolina.
North Carolina Employment Security Commission. http: / /www.esc.state,nc. us.
Accessed September 2006 and June 2008.
North Carolina Office of Management and Budget.
http: / /www.osbm.state.nc.us /ncosbm /facts and figures /socioeconomic data/pop
ulation estimates/county_ projections.shtm. Accessed May 2009.
North Carolina OneMap website. http: / /www.nconemap.com. Accessed January
2008.
North Carolina State Demographics. http: / /demog.state.nc.us /. Accessed September
2006.
Scott, Joy. 2004. No. 1 getting water, The Shelby Star. October 9.
http: / /www.shelbystar.com. Accessed October 12, 2006.
Setzer, Britt. 2007. NCDENR Division of Environmental Health, Public Water Supply
Section. Personal communication with B. Smith (CCSD) (E -mail) on October 4.
Sutherland, John. 1997. Water Planning Section, Division of Water Resources. Letter
to Mike T. Dowd, McGill Associates, P.A. July 7.
Sutherland, John. 1992. City of Shelby WWTP, Revised 7Q10, First Broad River,
Cleveland County. Memorandum to Trevor Clements. November 9.
Town of Boiling Springs website. No date. htti): / /www.boilingspringsnc.net. Accessed
September 2006.
Town of Fallston. 2006, Fallston Water Supply Plan. NC Division of Water Resources
Review Draft. September 6.
Town of Lawndale. 2006. Lawndale Water Supply Plan. NC Division of Water
Resources Review Draft. September 6.
PQ

Purpose and Need
Report
References
United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). 1990. Summary Report,
Reconnaissance for Flood Damage Reduction and Water Supply. First Broad
River near Polkville, North Carolina.
U.S. Census Data. 1990 and 2000. http: / /factfinder.census.gov. Accessed September
2006 and May 2008.
U.S. Drought Monitor. 2008. http : / /www.drought.unl.edu /DM /DM southeast.htm.
Accessed August 2008.
United States Geological Survey (USGS). http : / /waterdata.usgs.gov /nc /nwis /.
Accessed November 2006, January 2008 and March 2009.
Weaver, J. Curtis. 2008, Hydrologist, U.S. Geological Survey. Email correspondence
to Keith Webb. March 24.
Willis Engineers. 2004. Water and Wastewater Planning Report. City of Shelby,
North Carolina.
Wilson, Cherish. 2008. County drought worsens, The Shelby Star. June 20.
http: / /www.shelbystar.com. Accessed August 7, 2008.
27

Figures

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Tables

Table 1. NC Public Water Svstems Serving Populations Over 40,000
* As reported to EPA
"intake located in South Carolina
Source: Public Water Supply Water Sources, NCOnemap Website, http: / /www.ncoi)emap.com/
Information Provided by Fish and Wildlife Associates
Population
Service
Public Water System
Primate Water Source
Served*
Connections*
_
Charlotte- Mecklenburg Utilities
Reservoirs
700,000
197,891
City of Raleigh
Reservoir
409,542
162,000
City of Durham
Reservoir
287,000
119,000
City of Winston -Salem
Reservoir
276,849
113,000
City of Greensboro
Reservoir
237,552
95,313
Fayetteville Public Works Commission
Cape Fear River
179,000
68,395
Onslow Water and Sewer Authority
Groundwater
134,978
37,330
Davidson Water, Inc.
Yadkin River
129,695
49,398
City of Wilmington
Cape Fear River
125,000
47,407
City of Asheville
Reservoir
123,750
49,500
Town of Cary
Reservoir
112,000
38,724
City of High Point
Reservoir
90,492
36,465
Greenville Utilities
Tar River
81,058
30,829
Harnett County Department of Public Utilities
Cape Fear River
79,058
32,003
Union County Water System
Catawba River"
76,855
30,258
Orange Water and Sewer Authority
Reservoir
75,000
19,500
City of Gastonia
Reservoir
68,600
24,800
City of Concord
Reservoir
68,253
29,077
Fort Bragg
Little River
65,000
6,700
Robeson County Water System
Groundwater
63,000
21,000
City of Rocky Mount
Reservoir
57,158
22,300
Cleveland County Water
First Broad River /Knob Creek
56,667
22,310
Johnston County Water System
Neuse River
56,600
20,000
City of Burlington
Reservoir
56,250
19,918
City of Hickory
Reservoir
55,763
21,954
City of Hendersonville
North Fork Mills River /Mills
River /Bradley Creek
52,840
21,136
City of Wilson
Reservoirs
46,420
21,000
City of Salisbury
Yadkin /S. Yadkin Rivers
44,942
17,694
City of Kannapolis
Reservoirs /Second Creek
43,914
17,289
City of Sanford
Cape Fear River
43,616
15,489
Brunswick County Water System
Cape Fear River
42,700
21,500
Wavne Water District
Groundwater
41,290
17,204
* As reported to EPA
"intake located in South Carolina
Source: Public Water Supply Water Sources, NCOnemap Website, http: / /www.ncoi)emap.com/
Information Provided by Fish and Wildlife Associates

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Table 3. Annual Discharge of First Broad River near Casar
Water Year
(Oct 1 - Sept 30)
Discharge
_ cfs mg_d
1960
139.3
89.9
1961
94.7
61.1
1962
108.9
70.3
1963
63.4
40.9
1964
69.1
44.6
1965
129
83.2
1966
72.6
46.8
1967
63.2
40.8
1968
87.1
56.2
1969
79.9
51.5
1970
76.8
49.5
1971
83.1
53.6
1972
95.8
61.8
1973
110.3
71.2
1974
107.4
69.3
1975
139.3
89.9
1976
92.5
59.7
1977
101.7
65.6
1978
109.9
70.9
1979
99.4
64.1
1980
113.2
73.0
1981
54.9
35.4
1982
70.9
45.7
1983
106.5
68.7
1984
126.7
81.7
1985
70
45.2
1986
55.3
35.7
1987
91.1
58.8
1988
43.4
28.0
1989
60.6
39.1
1990
113.8
73.4
1991
99.7
643
1992
621
40.5
1993
135.2
87.2
1994
94.9
61.2
1995
97.8
63.1
1996
93.5
60.3
1997
99.1
63.9
1998
104
67.1
1999
51.8
33.4
2000
41.3
26.6
2001
29.5
19.0
2002
26.8
17.3
2003
151.7
97.9
2004
107.8
69.5
2005
113.4
73.2
2006
62.0
40.0
2007
68.9
44.5
2008
33.3
21.9
Source: http : / /waterdata.usgs.gov /nc /nwis /monthly / ?format= sites _selection_links &search_site_no
=021521 00&amp; referred_modu le =sw

Table 4. Monthly Mean Discharge (cfs) of First Broad River near Casar
Water
Year
-Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
1959
76.1
110.0
73.7
82.4
56.0
61.2
132.1
225.3
82.4
101.5
1960
115.0
285.6
240.2
240.6
115.9
92.5
67.1
60.6
51.8
59.3
46.1
43.3
1961
58,2
134.0
94.7
139.7
104.3
152.8
81.9
166.5
60.4
463
61.4
184.9
1962
121.9
127.9
164.5
219.1
89.2
116.2
77.6
53.9
45.9
43.4
55.8
47.3
1963
64.6
53.9
213.5
77.2
63.9
47.6
36.0
25.6
29.2
24.7
36.7
35.1
1964
90.1
98.0
101.2
150.6
75.0
49.8
68.6
42.9
59.4
318.4
116.0
132.9
1965
103.2
174.9
178.5
148.7
106.6
85.9
71.8
63.5
47.9
78.0
45.9
40.8
1966
47.9
200.0
128.0
67.0
66.7
78.4
35.3
41.9
51,5
47.2
55.1
48.2
1967
80.6
70.5
80.2
48.1
59.8
50.5
97.2
79.3
40.1
37.8
43.0
167.2
1968
124.2
72.0
123.5
74.5
172.9
75.8
64.8
45.8
39.2
48.0
54.9
53.1
1969
64.8
136.1
115.1
174.1
78.3
66.6
46.4
46.5
81.7
50.2
56.1
92.7
1970
65.0
79.8
66.2
74.2
45.1
34.4
47.7
261.9
45.7
54.3
66.3
68.9
1971
91.7
164.7
108.5
84.0
115.5
66.5
66.3
64.5
51.6
93.9
104.6
136.9
1972
117.1
93.8
103.4
87.1
136.6
117.8
66.7
48.5
41.6
44.0
61.0
111.3
1973
95.3
163.9
201.1
153.2
186.8
111.8
74.4
68.2
56.5
61.4
49.9
129.7
1974
139.0
128.9
96.8
145.5
116.4
116.6
106.3
111.9
87.8
54.9
59.6
86.3
1975
119.1
141.1
385.6
149.1
254.4
167.7
94.4
59.4
97.4
193.7
99.9
85.0
1976
132.3
95.2
90.2
89.0
92.8
84.9
52.8
45.7
47.3
223.9
86.9
146.4
1977
87.8
78.5
141.4
163.1
74.7
64.7
42.1
41.7
66.4
53.5
191.2
87.0
1978
200,0
85.9
157.0
98.3
135.1
78.1
61.7
117,4
50.9
40.8
41.5
59.9
1979
138.4
163.0
173.0
1563
104.7
87.3
77.1
54.1
101.5
119.4
114.9
74.4
1980
124.8
75.6
174.8
212.8
138.9
114.6
90.6
53.7
63.3
75.3
73.2
51.7
1981
47.2
70.2
63.1
59,3
67.7
39.4
42.3
32,7
37.4
29.1
27.3
57.8
1982
115.3
151.2
70.0
87.4
65.7
99.6
62.0
57.6
35.1
44.5
50.9
116.5
1983
96.9
165.1
155.0
291.2
131.6
92.3
59.5
40.0
41.6
45.6
60.1
150.3
1984
150.3
94.0
234.7
157.7
191.2
171.8
99.1
137.7
126.4
55.6
56.9
62.9
1985
71.5
125.0
59.0
58.0
41.4
27.7
77.7
153.2
53.2
40.1
127.6
76.8
1986
54.8
57.5
87.5
52.7
50
32.7
20.5
26.2
38.9
32.5
65.7
100.6
1987
88.1
154.7
228.8
127.8
88.5
74.6
45.9
32.8
58.3
34.9
51.5
60.2
1988
88.1
50.8
44.6
67.5
33.9
23.4
19.2
19.5
37.2
28.5
35.9
26.6
1989
44.4
79.0
97.0
55.4
67.8
74.1
45.4
46.9
130.0
149.5
71.8
100.6
1990
133.5
247.4
194.5
126.3
108.3
66.9
63.3
69.2
423
160.0
63.1
72.2
1991
124.5
85.7
143.5
176.4
112.8
88.7
58.4
67.6
41.1
35.0
38.0
45.3
1992
55.5
77.8
78.4
139.2
80.8
86.2
39.0
35.5
44.7
74.4
178.9
142.2
1993
222.9
135.1
2873
219.1
138.5
80.6
52.4
54.6
35.6
31.1
46.8
56.8
1994
121.0
122.4
180.9
102.1
57.5
89.6
92.6
172.3
66.1
62.7
56.8
69.8
1995
273.0
122.8
177.0
77.1
63.8
97.2
56,4
65.7
49.7
106.5
98.4
62.4
1996
162.6
133.8
134.5
103.4
81.8
69.0
45.4
69.1
56.5
44.5
64.3
116.4
1997
89.0
141.9
188.3
167.8
104.9
99.4
79.9
51.8
44.4
45.6
47.2
58.2
1998
176.9
185.9
173.2
183.7
147.5
78.9
63.1
55.8
37.9
42.9
42.2
52.2

Water
Year
Jan
Feb
Mar Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
mm 1999
84.3
84.6
57.0 76.4
56.0
37.7
44.7
22.6
22.8
32.5
41.1
40.4
2000
49.8
48.4
77.9 87.1
37.5
23.8
19.2
16.2
22.6
17.6
23.3
30.0
2001
30.9
37.8
76.5 38.0
18.3
19.9
23.0
14.7
24.9
17.4
17.2
22.7
2002
49.0
43.8
563 36,1
23.9
14.9
11.4
8.09
21.0
32.9
69.2
111.5
2003
48.7
95.8
156.7 300.2
218.7
260.9
242.8
196.1
85.4
74.1
79.5
85.3
2004
55.4
130.5
57.8 94.5
79.7
135.0
108.7
53.9
347.7
77.2
149.0
171.5
2005
109.7
98.8
159.2 141.3
74.1
84.7
172.2
79.6
40.5
88.8
49.8
83.8
2006
91.8
62.0
53.9 57.1
42.5
36.5
25.0
57.3
95.0
43.2
86.0
101.0
2007
181.3
58.3
140.3 67.3
46.5
35.1
25.3
19.8
20.1
20.2
24.1
39.1
2008
32.9
52.0
65.9 54.4
24.4
14.5
12.8
30.6
30.2
Source: http : / /waterdata.usgs.gov
/nc /nwis /monthly /? referred_ module =sw &site _ no = 02152100 &por_02162100_
1= 1032180,00060,1,1959
-03,
2005 -09& format =html_ table&
date_ format = YYYY -M M-
DD &rdbo compression =file&
submitted _form= parameter_selection_ list
Table 5. Water Sources and Providers for Cleveland County
Municipality /Area
_ Water Supply Provider.
Source
Shelby
City of Shelby
First Broad River
Boiling Springs
City of Shelby
First Broad River
Kings Mountain
City of Kings Mountain
Moss Lake
Grover
City of Kings Mountain
Moss Lake
Belwood
Cleveland County Water
First Broad River
Casar
Cleveland County Water
First Broad River
Earl
Cleveland County Water
First Broad River
Fallston
Town of Fallston (wells)
Groundwater
Kingstown
Cleveland County Water
First Broad River
Lattimore
Cleveland County Water
First Broad River
Lawndale
Town of Lawndale (wells)
Groundwater
Mooresboro
Cleveland County Water
First Broad River
Patterson Springs
Cleveland County Water
First Broad River
Polkville
Cleveland County Water
First Broad River
Waco
Cleveland County Water
First Broad River
Rural Cleveland County
Cleveland County Water and wells
First Broad River and Groundwater

Table 6. 50 Year Population Growth for Cleveland County
1950 1960
1970
1980
199_0
2000
Total Population 64,357 66,048
72,556
83,435
84,714
96,287
10 -Year Population Growth 1,691
6,508
10,879
1,279
11,573
Percent Change 2.63%
9.85%
14.99%
1.53%
13.66%
Table 7. Population Growth 1990 — 2000 by State, County, Municipality
Source: US Census and North Carolina Office of State Management and Budget
1990
2000
_
Change
Percent
Change
Primary Water Supply(ies)
North Carolina
6,628,637
8,049,313
1,420,676
21.43%
NIA
Cleveland County
84,714
96,287
11,573
13.66%
First Broad River, Groundwater,
Moss Lake
Shelby
14,669
19,477
4,808
32.78%
First Broad River
Boiling Springs
2,445
3,866
1,421
58.12%
First Broad River
Kings Mountain*
8,007
9,103
1,096
13.69%
Moss Lake
Grover
516
698
182
35.27%
Moss Lake
CCSD **
59,077
63,143
4,066
7.01%
First Broad River, Groundwater
*Does not include the portion of Kings Mountain in Gaston County
*includes rural Cleveland . County
and the following municipalities:
_
Belwood
631
962
331
52.46%
First Broad River
Casar
328
308
-20
-6.10%
First Broad River
Earl
230
234
4
1.74%
First Broad River
Fallston
498
603
105
21.08%
Groundwater
Kingstown
958
845
-113
- 11.80%
First Broad River
Lattimore
183
418
235
128.42%
First Broad River
Lawndale
573
642
69
12.04%
Groundwater
Mooresboro
294
314
20
6.80%
First Broad River
Patterson Springs
690
620
-70
- 10.14%
First Broad River
Polkville
1,514
535
-979
- 64.66%
First Broad River
Waco
320
328
8
2.50%
First Broad River
Source: US Census and North Carolina Office of State Management and Budget

Table 8. Population Growth 1990 — 2000 by Census Tract
Population Growth 1990 - 2000
Census
Tract 1990 2000
Change
Percent
Change
Avg
Growth
Location
9501
6,523
7,797
1,274
19.53%
1.95%
Belwood, Casar, Polkville;
northwestern Cleveland County
9502
4,340
5,187
847
19.52%
1.95%
Fallston, Lawndale; central
Cleveland County
9503
7,124
9,948
2,824
39.64%
3.96%
Waco; eastern Cleveland County
9504
6,160
6,813
653
10.60%
1.06%
western Kings Mountain
9505
3,989
3,984
-5
-0.13%
-0.01%
central Kings Mountain and south
9506
6,906
9,466
2,560
37.07%
3.71%
southeastern Cleveland County
(east and south of KM)
9507
7,053
7,033
-20
- 0.28%
- 0.03%
east Shelby
9508
3,812
4,216
404
10.60%
1.06%
central Cleveland County (north of
Shelby, east of First Broad River)
9509
3,998
3,405
-593
- 14.83%
-1.48%
north central Shelby
9510
4,217
4,168
-49
-1.16%
-0.12%
east central Shelby
9511
2,998
3,115
117
190%
0.39%
west - central Shelby
9512
5,566
5,163
-403
-724%
-0.72%
southwestern Shelby
9513
2,295
2,402
107
4.66%
0.47%
eastern Shelby; central Cleveland
County
9514
5,246
6,045
799
15.23%
1.52%
Kingstown, Lattimore, Mooresboro;
western Cleveland County
9515
6,518
8,568
2,050
31.45%
3.15%
Boiling Springs; southwestern
Cleveland County
9516
7,905
8,977
1,072
13.56%
1.36%
Earl, Patterson Springs; south
central Cleveland County
Totals
84,650
96,287
11,637
13.75%
1.37%
Source: US Census

Table 9. Housing Units 1990 — 2000 by State, County, Municipality
Source: US Census
Table 10. Projected Population Growth
by State and County through 2030
1990
2000
Change
Percent
County
......... _
2000
8,079,152
96,471
Change
North Carolina
2,818,193
3,523,944
705,751
25.04%
Cleveland County
34,232
40,317
6,085
17.78%
Shelby
6,474
8,853
2,379
36.75%
Boiling Springs
713
1,184
471
66.06%
Kings Mountain*
3,371
3,816
445
13.20%
Grover
233
313
80
34.33%
CCSD **
2_ 3.441_
26,151
2,710
11.56%
th
*Estimate; Does not include e portion
of Kings Mountain
.
in Gaston County
* *Includes rural Cleveland County and the following
municipalities:
Belwood
277
410
133
48.01%
Casar
137
145
8
5.84%
Earl
104
109
5
4,81%
Fallston
219
254
35
15.98%
Kingstown
275
273
-2
-0.73%
Lattimore
78
127
49
62.82%
Lawndale
254
300
46
18.11%
Mooresboro
144
140
-4
-2.78%
Patterson Springs
305
272
-33
- 10.82%
Polkville
650
234
-416
- 64.00%
Waco
137
145
8
5.84%
Source: US Census
Table 10. Projected Population Growth
by State and County through 2030
10 -Year Change 1,496,833 2,750
Percent Change 13.28% 2.60%
Source: North Carolina State Office of Management and Budget
( http : / /www,osbm,state.ne.us /ncosbm/ facts_ and_ figures / socioeconomic_ data /population_estimates.shtm) May
2009
North
Cleveland
Carolina
___._..__._.. ._...__.._..._._._.._
County
......... _
2000
8,079,152
96,471
2010
9,572,644
99,767
10 -Year Change
1,493,492
3,296
Percent Change
18.49%
3.42%
2020
11,272,964
105,803
10 -Year Change
1,700,320
6,036
Percent Change
17.76%
6.05%
2030
12,769,797
108,553
10 -Year Change 1,496,833 2,750
Percent Change 13.28% 2.60%
Source: North Carolina State Office of Management and Budget
( http : / /www,osbm,state.ne.us /ncosbm/ facts_ and_ figures / socioeconomic_ data /population_estimates.shtm) May
2009

Table 11. Projected Population Growth by County through 2060
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
CLEVELAND 96,432
99,767
103,317
105,803
107,544
109,117
RUTHERFORD 62,716
64,997
68,693
72,389
76,085
79,896
LINCOLN 69,016
78,583
88,738
98,894
109,049
120,584
GASTON 192,887
214,033
236,720
259,438
282,160
307,306
Source: North Carolina Office of Management and Budget
470,229
525,998
588,381
(http: / /www.osbm. state.nc.us /ncosbm/ facts_ and_ figures
/ socioeconomic_ data /population_estimates.shtm)
May 2009
2035
2040
2045
2050
2055
2060
CLEVELAND
111,987
114,932
117,955
121,057
124,241
127,509
RUTHERFORD
84,274
88,892
93,763
98,901
104,321
110,038
LINCOLN
138,599
159,306
183,106
210,462
241,905
278,046
GASTON
335,958
375,803
420,373
470,229
525,998
588,381
Note: The State Demographics unit projected population through 2029. Projections from 2030 to 2060 are based
on the average increase projected through 2029.

Table 12. Employment and Growth by Industry for Cleveland County 1995 - 2005
Agriculture, Forestry,
113
Annual Average Employment
79
0.19%
-34
1995
2005
2000 - 2005 Change
Total Federal
174
0.46%
189
0.46%
15
8.62%
Government
0.26%
NA
NA
Utilities
71
0.19%
Total State Government
777
2.07%
969
2.38%
192
24.71%
Total Local Government
3,697
9.84%
4,699
11.55%
1,002
27.10%
Total Private Industry
33,453
89.00%
27,594
67.81%
-5,859
- 17.51%
Total All Industries
38,101
101.36%
33,421
82.13%
-4,680
- 12.28%
Agriculture, Forestry,
113
0.30%
79
0.19%
-34
- 30.09%
Fishing & Hunting
Mining
N/A
104
0.26%
NA
NA
Utilities
71
0.19%
61
0.15%
-10
- 14.08%
Construction
1,545
4.11%
1,499
3.68%
-46
-2.98%
Manufacturing
15,144
40.29%
7,535
18.52%
-7,609
- 50.24%
Wholesale Trade
1,290
3.43%
1,385
3.40%
95
7.36%
Retail Trade
4,115
10.95%
4,040
9.93%
-75
-1.82%
Transportation and
771
2.05%
1,082
2.66%
311
40,34%
Warehousing
Information
504
1.34%
339
0.83%
-165
- 32.74%
Finance and Insurance
594
1.58%
675
1.66%
81
13.64%
Real Estate and Rental
261
0.69%
210
0.52%
-51
- 19.54%
Leasing
Professional and
481
1.28%
530
1.30%
49
10.19%
Technical Services
Management of
Companies and
111
0.30%
64
0.16%
-47
- 42.34%
Enterprises
Administrative and
1,882
5.01%
1,213
2.98%
669
35.55 /o o
Waste Services
Educational Services
2,916
7.76%
4,025
9.89%
1,109
38.03%
Health Care and Social
3,380
8.99%
5,335
13.11%
1,955
57.84%
Assistance
Arts, Entertainment, and
184
0.49%
242
0.59%
58
31.52%
Recreation
Accommodation and
1,941
5.16%
2,252
5.53%
311
16.02%
Food Services
Other Services, Ex.
796
2.12%
742
1.82%
-54
-6.78%
Public Admin.
Public Administration
1,838
4.89%
1,926
4.73%
88
4.79%
Unclassified
N/A
93
0.23%
NA
NA
Source: Employment Security Commission ( http:// eslmi23. esc .state,nc.us /ew /EWResults.asp)

Table 13. Cleveland County Top Industries
Company Name
Industry
Employment
Range
Location
Cleveland County Schools
Education and Health Services
1,000+
countywide
Cleveland Regional Medical
Education and Health Services
1,000+
Shelby
Center
Professional and Business
Services
259 -499
Shelby
County of Cleveland
Public Administration
500 -999
Shelby
Gardner -Webb University
Education and Health Services
500 -999
Boiling Springs
Wal -Mart Distribution Center
Trade, Transportation, Utilities
500 -999
Shelby
PPG Industries Fiberglass
Manufacturing
500 -999
Shelby
Products
Manufacturing
259 -499
Shelby
Eaton Corporation
Manufacturing
500 -999
Kings Mountain
Entertainment Distribution
Manufacturing
500 -999
Grover
Company
White Oak Manor, Inc.
Education and Health Services
259 -499
Shelby
City of Shelby
Public Administration
259 -499
Shelby
Cleveland Community
Education and Health Services
259-499
Shelby
College
Shelby Personnel Services
Professional and Business
Services
259 -499
Shelby
Reliance Electric Industrial
Manufacturing
259 -499
Kings Mountain
Company
Curtiss Wright Flight
Manufacturing
259 -499
Shelby
Systems Inc.
Copeland Corporation
Manufacturing
259 -499
Shelby
BFS Diversified Products
Manufacturing
259 -499
Kings Mountain
Honeywell International
Manufacturing
259-499
Shelby
Source: North Carolina Department of Commerce, NC Profile
http://eslmi23.esc,state,nc.us/ncp/indlnfo/topTen.aspx

Table 14, Water Usage Summary for Cleveland County Water,
1999-2002
Water Plant
Number Billed Production
(active meters)
Usage (gallons)
(gallons)
1999
January
14,381
85,750,200
85,090,000
February
14,428
62,888,800
77,980,000
March
18,875
69,096,000
91,800,000
April
14,652
75,303,200
94,160,000
May
14,702
64,659,900
100,790,000
June
14,786
79,314,000
102,650,000
July
14,828
86,538,700
113,530,000
August
14,920
81,796,400
120,310,000
September
14,938
87,459,600
105,110,000
October
15,009
76,458,900
103,560,000
November
14,975
62,164,800
94,530,000
December
NA
64,926,950
98,350,000
Total
166,494
896,357,450
1,187,860,000
2000
January
15,083
67,689,100
91,900,000
February
15,133
64,391,900
85,890,000
March
15,233
66,796,400
93,770,000
April
15,297
73,296,900
85,890,000
May
15,397
65,493,600
104,360,000
June
15,468
80,426,150
105,760,000
July
15,518
95,358,700
117,330,000
August
15,557
76,017,200
117,010,000
September
15,625
90,622,700
102,650,000
October
15,685
73,537,900
97,880,000
November
15,723
76,894,400
92,330,000
December
15,789
69,855,300
88,500,000
Total
185,508
900,380,250
1,183,270,000
2001
January
15,852
77,623,000
NA
February
15,879
69,213,200
NA
March
15,998
65,322,500
NA
April
16,073
78,683,300
NA
May
16,132
77,762,900
NA
June
16,167
95,174,300
NA
July
16,222
82,873,500
NA
August
16,287
90,282,800
NA
September
16,309
90,631,900
NA
October
16,332
71,819,900
NA
November
16,411
86,594,900
NA
December
16,432
84,596,000
NA
Total
194,094
970,578,200

Table 14. Water Usage Summary for Cleveland County Water,
1999-2002
Source: Cleveland County Water
NA - Information is not available.
Water Plant
Number Billed
Production
(active meters)
Usage (gallons)
(gallons)
2002
January
16,499
82,597,100
NA
February
16,527
66,492,300
NA
March
16,633
68,381,700
NA
April
16,745
78,886,000
NA
May
16,788
81,225,200
NA
June
16,885
104,293,300
NA
July
16,937
102,249,700
NA
August
17,049
97,478,700
NA
September
17,094
81,100,500
NA
October
17,090
71,644,000
NA
November
17,189
75,084,900
NA
December
17,158
70,514,100
NA
Total
202,594
979,947,500
4 year,period 19.99 .2002
Totals
748,689
3,747,263,400
Average /year
187,172
936,815,850
Source: Cleveland County Water
NA - Information is not available.

Table 15. Water Usage Summary for Cleveland County Water, 2003 - 2007
Number
Non -
Billed
Water Plant
revenue
Unaccounted
(active
Usage
Production
Water
Water
%
Change
meters)
(gallons)
Gallons)
Usage
(gallons)
Unaccounted
in Taps
2003
January
16,545
81,821,000
101,050,000
2,844,761
16,384,239
16 %
February
16,556
78,858,800
89,740,000
2,445,120
8,436,080
9%
11
March
16,649
67,786,200
102,763,000
2,452,379
32,524,421
32%
93
April
16,692
76,159,100
100,890,000
2,526,244
22,204,656
22%
43
May
16,728
78,309,200
107,850,000
2,561,409
26,979,391
25%
36
June
16,729
80,761,300
108,740,000
2,479,161
25,499,539
23%
1
July
16,823
89,454,900
114,530,000
2,567,133
22,507,967
20%
94
August
16,838
85,591,800
103,777,000
2,562,495
15,622,705
15%
15
September
16,898
82,231,500
108,760,000
2,332,451
24,196,049
22%
60
October
16,845
82,515,100
104,880,000
1,094,839
21,270,061
20%
(53)
November
16,866
80,593,000
105,033,000
994,141
23,445,859
22%
21
December
16,848
72,501,100
109,060,000
2,268,830
34,290,070
31%
(18)
Total
956,583,000
1,257,073,000
27,128,959
273,361,041
22%
303
2004
January
16,880
80,391,400
102,880,000
879,908
21,608,693
21%
32
February
16,946
75,328,700
93,457,000
745,606
17,382,695
19%
66
March
16,963
69,355,000
100,163,000
1,215,202
29,592,799
30%
17
April
17,030
84,237,600
105,850,000
896,718
20,715,683
20%
67
May
17,103
85,030,200
117,520,000
1,077,216
31,412,585
27%
73
June
17,144
93,432,100
118,907,000
1,139,558
24,335,343
20%
41
July
17,144
94,385,400
124,312,000
1,008,730
28,917,871
23%
0
August
17,228
85,577,500
127,520,000
1,196,992
40,745,509
32%
84
September
17,230
90,867,000
122,912,000
1,414,998
30,630,003
25%
2
October
17,240
81,818,200
100,360,000
1,249,596
17,292,205
17%
10
November
17,243
76,012,300
108,205,000
1,159,708
31,032,993
29%
3
December
17,253
75,095,600
106,358,000
1,483,740
29,778,661
28%
10
Total
991,531,000
1,328,444,000
13,467,966
323,445,034
24%
405
2005
January
17,303
87,864,000
101,728,000
168,398
13,695,602
13%
50
February
17,317
69,674,100
89,518,000
1,126,158
18,717,742
21%
14
March
17,377
70,585,700
101,031,000
1,296,262
29,149,038
29%
60
April
17,406
77,799,600
102,471,000
1,144,798
23,526,602
23%
29
May
17,429
82,685,900
112,962,000
1,259,786
29,016,314
26%
23
June
17,494
95,323,100
105,714,000
1,305,798
9,085,102
9%
65
July
17,505
95,663,700
112,374,000
1,167,220
15,543,080
14%
11
August
17,555
87,198,600
116,439,000
1,165,452
28,074,948
24%
50
September
17,602
102,272,000
116,688,000
1,269,338
13,146,662
11%
47
October
17,599
91,060,100
126,512,000
1,407,038
34,044,862
27%
(3)
November
17,610
83,744,600
97,761,000
11,738
14,004,662
14%
11
December
17,629
83,206,600
96,902,000
1,098,500
12,596,900
13%
19
Total
1,027,078,000
1,280,100,000
12,420,484
240,601,516
19%
376

Table 15. Water Usage Summary for Cleveland County Water, 2003 - 2007
Number
Non -
Billed
Water Plant
revenue
Unaccounted
(active
Usage
Production
Water
Water
%
Change
meters)
(gallons)
(gallons)
(gallons)
Unaccounted
in Taps
2006
January
17,598
80,532,800
93,311,000
998,891
11,779,309
13%
(31)
February
17,612
72,982,800
83,476,000
1,016,317
9,476,883
11%
14
March
17,670
72,843,100
100,874,000
910,785
27,120,115
27%
58
April
17,749
95,892,300
104,076,000
1,103,247
7,080,453
7%
79
May
17,795
82,067,700
115,957,000
962,709
32,926,591
28%
46
June
17,895
105,110,600
118,468,000
1,245,061
12,112,339
10%
100
July
17,913
106,571,500
125,529,000
1,401,833
17,555,667
14%
18
August
17,954
100,456,500
126,954,000
1,280,695
25,216,805
20%
41
September
17,964
108,006,300
112,376,000
1,143,741
3,225,959
3%
10
October
17,930
85,605,700
112,114,000
1,067,219
25,441,081
23%
(34)
November
17,954
81,673,600
100,719,000
1,059,261
17,986,139
18%
24
December
17,922
79,385,800
101,073,000
1,314,543
20,372,657
20%
(32)
Total
1,071,128,700
1,294,927,000
13,504,304
210,293,996
16%
293
2007
January
17,934
88,924,200
99,253,000
1,194,470
9,134,330
9%
12
February
17,964
79,261,400
88,973,000
1,045,926
8,665,674
10%
30
March
18,048
74,858,200
99,476,000
1,067,794
23,550,006
24%
84
April
18,104
89,538,500
100,430,000
918,750
9,972,750
10%
56
May
18,149
88,633,800
122,162,000
1,135,618
32,392,582
27%
45
June
18,166
116,535,900
123,041,000
1,228,270
5,276,830
4%
17
July
18,254
110,391,800
126,040,000
1,207,642
14,440,558
11%
88
August
18,257
108,601,000
141,650,000
1,056,804
31,992,196
23%
3
September
18,290
121,343,400
118,314,000
1,078,750
- 4,108,150
-3%
33
October
18,414
95,746,100
114,314,000
1,099,528
17,468,372
15%
124
November
18,435
90,099,300
103,585,000
1,048,670
12,437,030
12%
21
December
18,374
84,347,400
104,310,000
1,055,752
18,906,848
18%
(61)
Total
1,148,281,000
1,341,548,000
13,137,974
180,129,026
13%
452
5 year period
2003 - 2007
Totals
5,194,601,700
6,502,092,000
79,659,687
1,227,830,613
19%
1,829
Average /year
1,038,920,340
1,300,418,400
15,931,937
245,566,123
19%
366"

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Appendix A
Proclamations and Resolutions

09/04/2002 10:11 704 -484 -5808
• Sap -03 »02 11:16 From-
CITY OF SHELBY uaC WAGE 03
T -288 P.02 /03 F »384
MICHAEL F EASLEY
00VERNOR
y,XECJMV9 O"VR NO. 27
PROMAMATION OR STAVE DMASTER FOR THR CITY OF CHERRYVILLE, CITY
OF S )UL -ay TpE CLEVELAND CO'[iT�i'`Y SANITARY DISTRICT, EXCLUDING
��
W1-1FREA8, I have dete=ined thAt a State ofINSaster and State of Emergency. as defined in
N.C.G.S. §§ 166A -4(1) mud 14,288.1(10), exist$ in the State ofNortii Caroline, specifically iathe
City of Cherryville, the City of Shelby and the Cleveland County Sanitary District, excluding the
City of Rings Mountain, as a. retch% of Severe draught conditions.
VIMRE,A.S, on 18 7urie 2002, the City of Cherryville proclaimed a local State of Emergenoy;
and
VaMR1: AS, on 15 August 2002, the County of Cleveland, excluding tho City of Kings
Mountain, and the City of Shelby proclaimed a local State of'Emergeucy; and
Vi7I3P•ItE� S, pursuant to N.C,G,S. § Y66A -6, 'the criteria for a Type I dlsastex are met
including the fo`llawing. 1) Itewipt of the proliminary damage assessment from the Secretary of
Crime Control and Public Safety; 2), the City of Cherryville, the City of Shelby and the Cleveland
County, excluding the City of; i;l Mountaw. each declared a local state of emergency pursmt to
1q.C.Cx.S. § 166A -8 andN.C.G.S. §§ 14 -288. 12,14.288.13, a14-288.14 s�� forwarded a a tit
copy vfthe declaration. to the Qovernor; 3) The preliminary g
criteria establishcdforthe Small BtisinessNsastesrLoaaf togmmpurscuwtto 13 C.F.R. part 123 or
meets or exceeds the Stater h*astractures cxiterla set out in.N.C.d.S. § 166A.6-01 (b)(2)a.,- and 4) A
major disaster declaraAion by the Fresident ofthe United States pursuaantte> flee Stafford Act lifts not
been declared; and
NOW; TMREFORE, pursuautto the attthwityvestedinme as Covexaorby the Conodtution
and laws of the State of North CarolinN IT IS OI`i7B"D:
Section 11. Pursuant to N.C.G.S. §§ 166A -6 and 14288.15, a State of Disaster and State of
p_mergency, is hereby declared for the City of ChWrYille, the City of Shelby and the Cleveland
County Sanitary Distdet, excluding the City of Kings WuntRin-

($
09/04/2002 10:11 704 - •484 -6808 CITY OF SHELBY UOC PAGE 04
SeP -03 02 1145 Fram- T�209 P -03!03 ��384
Section. 2. All state and local govoo.'iment entities and agencies are hereby ordered to
cooperate i-n the implementation of ft provisions of Us proclamation and the pro-visions of the
North Carolina Emergency operations Plan.
Sect 3; Bryan E. Beatty; Secretary of Crime Control and Public Sa%ti ; andJorhis designee, is
hereby delegated all power mid authority granted to me and required ofineby Chapter 166A, and
,kdjole 36A of Chapter 14 of the General Statutes for the purpOe of implementing the said
Emergency Operations Plan and to take such further action as is necessary to promote and secure the
safety and protection of the populace in the above - referenced counties.
Section 4. Further, Brymi B. Beatty, Secretary of Crime Control and Public Safety, as chief
coordinating officer forthe State of North Carolina, shall exercisethepowers prescribedinN.C.O.S.
143B -476.
Section S. I authorize this proclamation: (a) to be distributed to the news media and other
organizations calculated to bring its contents to tiae attention of the general puWic; (b) unless the
cbm nnstances of the state of disaster prevent or impede, to be promptly filed with the Snaxetary of
Crime Control and Publio Safety, the Secretary of State, and the clerks of superior court in the
counties to which it applies; and, (c) to be distributed to others as necessary to assure proper
implementation of this proclamation.
Section 6. The Type I disaster declaration shall expire 30 days after the issuance of the state of
disaster and state of bmergency and Type I disaster proclamation forthe City of Cherryvilte, the City
of Shelby and the Cleveland County Sanitary District, excluding the City &Kings Mountain, issued
on.Augttst 3o. 2oo2 unless ren ewed by the Governor or the General Assembly. Such reneweis may
be made in inmromeaats of 30 days each, not to exceed a total of 120 days fronrthe date for first
issuance. The Joint Legislative Commission on'Govexarxtental Operations shall be notified prior to
the issuance of any renewal of Type I disaster declaration.
Done in to Capital City of Raleigh, North Carolina, this the 3011 day of August 2002.
Ivi)rCHAEL F, EASLEY
00 VERNOR
ATTEST:
�j�j04� A4�je
BLAINE MARSHALL lay 4.46 f
SECRETARY OF STATE 1Q��
2

act. l6. 2006. 9 : 50AM
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4 A
"�.lietrEi811� (iilsUtt#�
i�rcrsys ($re�rr "'
#
R?b lltQ�
Regolution
NUM M 13 -2002
No. 0396 P. 1
IN SUPPORT OF CX'VE1 A.ND MINTY S kMARY DISTIstTCT RESERV•IOR
WHEREAS, the CIeveland County Sanitary Iaisttiet supplies potable water to aver 50,000
customers will over 800 mfles of tiwata ko in the rural areal; and small nmnicipaiiiies in Cleveland County
and into snrsouudiag cowaties by agreement and
WHER , W. CluelaW County Solwy Mow bag as its source of raw water the l+vd Rmad
Rives and YCnob Creek in Upper Cleveland County; and
'o:�...:IMM, aece.and C=4 bwas oqwmcad a Lev= d night do,esr rcVmq machnmt of
mandatory water• res nclions liar the Sanitary District and the City of Shelby, and
'�l�.�RlEAS, tt C-ImM ltd Comfy qty Di Wd b-As h?d to nb �n pain.. � water darn o
sources, and these additia nal som= are not sufficient for its customers; and
WMMA,S, the City of Shelby obtaim its raw wafer from the First Broad Rift dove tream of
the Sanitary District raw water Wtake -and ffiz remabft water flow has been sipffloantly below the
' requorerneuts fas saw wa.*e!' cvGn. vtitl mar�atary rreier restdctians am many occasions; and
'OPMUiEAS, *c.My of Shelby bas bad to obtain additinmal potable water from Kings Mountaia
through a Ucnpbtary intesoonaect, and
VVJMRFM, a reservoir on ure first Bread River above the Sanitary Distrct ireafineat plant
would create a more stabie water resource %r lied Sanitary District and
W S (tUS, the golfed ouuir from a xsemiy wuaid iusare a more sable watt sq)ply
downstream to the City orShft and
WURM, the BoLrd of Commindonets.of Cleveland Co oty and ft Ci j of SbJ^ by have
jointly declared a STATE OF XM)KGENCY on Augmt 15, 2002; and
V"—mRY -.A �A Cr G".-ar of NoA C»mo tna h;r- derla a STk'Y E OF E$O>.MKCY in
Cleveland County on .August 30, 2002:
NOW 'EPWORE BR XT RESOD'VEYI Uy THE CLZ VEr tl.1V'A CZ1UM WARD OF
COMMSSIONMS THE FOLLOWING:
The Board of Cnmtaissionwst of Cleveland County supports the Cleveland County Saaitary
District's plan to bind a reservoir on First Broad River as part ofa long-term solution to the county's wain
needs. .
Dw l this 17" day of S V- Lember.2Ct;2.
G '
v,f ;,e B, mdatdif, C..hair
Cleveland County Board of Comrnissiouers

Cleveland County Sanitary District
439 Casar Lawndale Road
Post Office Box 788
Lawndale, North Carolina 28090 -4788
704 -538- 9033 *704- 538 -9011
Water Shortage Response Resolution
Resolution By
Cleveland County Sanitary District
Cleveland County, North Carolina
Indoor Residential Use:
Conservation for Voluntary and Mandatory Conservation Phases
• Use dishwashers only when they are full. Washing dishes by hand (don't let tap
run!) Saves about 25 gallons.
• Adjust water level on clothes washing machines, if possible. Use full loads only,
if not adjustable.
• Turn off faucets while brushing teeth, etc. Saves about 5 gallons per day.
• Reduce water used per flush by installing toilet tank displacement inserts.
A plastic jug may often be used as an alternative. DO NOT USE BRICKS -they
disintegrate when soaked and the resulting grit hinders closing of the flap valve.
• Do not use the toilet as a trash can.
• Use sink and tub stoppers to avoid wasting water.
• Keep a bottle of chilled water in the refrigerator for drinking.
• Find and fix leaks in faucets and water -using appliances. Faucets can usually be
Fired cheaply and quickly by replacing washers.
• Adapt plumbing with flow restricting or other water- saving devices. These are
usually inexpensive and easy to install. See list of devices in Appendix F.
• Learn to read your water meter so you can judge how much water you use and
what difference conservation makes.
• Take shorter showers and shallow baths. Saves about 25 gallons.

• Reduce the number of toilet flushes per day. Each flush uses about 5 gallons
(2 -3 if you have water saving toilets).
• Don't use a garbage disposal.
• Use non - phosphate detergent and save laundry water for lawns and plants.
Conservation for Emergency Conservation or Rationing Phase (In addition to
measures listed above).
• Turn off shower while soaping up.
• Use disposable eating utensils.
Outdoor Residential Use
Conservation for Normal Conditions and Voluntary Conservation Phase
Lawns
• Water before 10:00 a.m. to prevent evaporation which occurs during the hottest
part of the day. Morning is better than evening, when the dampness encourages
growth of fungus.
• Water only when lawn shows signs of wilt. Grass that springs back when
stepped on does not need water.
• Water thoroughly, not frequently: long enough to soak roots. A light sprinkling
evaporates quickly and encourages shallow root systems. Water slowly to avoid
runoff.
• Don't let the sprinkler run any longer than necessary. In a hour, 600 gallons
can be wasted.
• Allow maximum of one inch of water per week on your lawn. To measure, place
cake tins outside to collect rain and water from sprinklers.
• Use pistol -grip nozzles on hoses to avoid waste when watering flowers and
shrubs.
• Aerate lawns by punching holes 6 inches apart. This allows water to reach roots
rather than run off surfaces.
• Position sprinklers to water the lawn, not the pavement.
5

• Avoid watering on windy days when the wind not only blows water off target,
But also causes excess evaporation.
• Keep sprinkler heads clean to prevent uneven watering.
• Adjust hose to simulate a gentle rain. Sprinklers that produce a fine mist
waste water through evaporation.
• Know how to turn off an automatic sprinkler system in case of rain.
• Use an alai-in clock or stove timer to remind you to shut off sprinklers that
don't have timers.
Vegetables and Flower Gardens
• Water deeply, slowly and weekly. Most vegetables require moisture to a depth
of 6 to 8 inches.
• Keep soil loose so water can penetrate easily.
• Deep weeds out to reduce competition of water.
• Put the water where you want it and avoid evaporation by using soil- soakers
Or slow- running hoses, not sprinklers.
Trees and Shrubs
• Water deeply using a soil - soaker or drip irrigation.
• Water only when needed. Check the depth of soil dryness by digging with a
towel.
• Mulch to reduce evaporation. A 2" to 3" layer of wood chips, pine needles,
Grass clippings or straw keeps the soil cool in the summer.
• Dig troughs around plants to catch and retain water.
• Water trees growing in full sun more often than those in shade.
• Do not use sprinklers. Apply water directly at base.
• Do not fertilize during summer. Fertilizing increases a plant's need for water.
L

• Postpone planting until fall or spring when there is generally less need for
water.
• Install trickle -drip irrigation systems close to the roots of your plants. By
Dripping water slowly, the system doesn't spray water in to the air. Use soil
probes for large trees.
• Water when cloudy, at night or even when a light rain is falling.
Outdoor Residential Use
Conservation for Voluntary Conservation Phase (in addition to measures listed
above).
• Do not allow children to play with hose or sprinklers.
• Limit car washing.
• Be ready to catch rainfall that occurs. Place containers under drain spouts.
• Use leftover household water if available.
• Consider delaying the seeding or sodding of new lawns.
• Determine the amount of water being used outdoors by comparing water bills
for summer and winter.
Conservation for Mandatory Conservation Phase
(In addition to measures listed above).
• Vegetable gardens and food trees should be given minimal amounts of water on
an individual basis only.
• Do not water lawns and inedible plants.
• Do not use sprinklers.
Most outdoor watering is prohibited under Emergency Conservation Conditions.
Hospital and Health Care Facility Use

• Reduce laundry usage or services by changing bed linens, etc. only when
necessary to preserve the health of patients or residents.
• Use disposable food service items.
• Eliminate, postpone or reduce, as they may be appropriate, elective surgical
procedures during the period of emergency.
Industrial Use
• identify and repair all leaky fixtures and water -using equipment. Cive special
attention to equipment connected directly to water line, such as processing
machines, steam -using machines, washing machines, water - cooled air
conditioners and furnaces.
• Assure that valves and solenoids that control water flows are shut off completely
when the water -using cycle in not engaged.
• Adjust water -using equipment to use the minimum amount of water required to
achieve its stated purpose.
• Shorten rinse cycles for laundry machines as much a possible; implement lower
water levels wherever possible.
• For processing, cooling, and other uses, either re -use water or use from sources
that would not adversely affect public water supplies.
Advise employees, students, patients, customers, and other users not to flush
toilets after every use. Install toilet tank displacements inserts; place flow
restrictors in shower heads an faucets; close down automatic flushes overnight.
• Install automatic flushing valves to use as little water as possible or to cycle at
longer intervals.
• Place water- saving posters and literature where employees, students, patients,
customers, etc. will have access to them.
• Check meters on a frequent basis to determine consumptive patternn.
• Review usage patterns to see where other savings can be made.

Adopted this the 14`x' day of February, 2003 at Cleveland County Sanitary District,
Cleveland County, North Carolina.
w
r. Jo n Cline, Chairman)
(Attest)
(lVlr. C! do Smith, Jr., General Manager)
(Attest)

Mar. 13. 2001 9: 26AM
BOARD OF PUBLIC WORKS
210 Bast Frederick Street, post Office Box 64
GA*PPNcu, SOUTH CAROLINA 29342
[phone]
r:AQSiMILE (844) 498 -9aSS
March 13, 2007
Mr. Butch Smith, Manager
Cleveland County Sanitary District
PO Box 788
Lawndale, NC 28090
Re: Proposed First Broad River Reservoir
Dear Mr. Smith:
No. 0399 P. 2
-rin'.ri:nc ti uir.
First of all, let me thank you for continuing to keeping the Board of Public Works
updated on Cleveland County Sanitary District's progress toward construction of a
reservoir on the First Broad River. It is obvious your organization has put a lot of time
and effort in the project to this point.
The Board of Public Works has the first raw water withdrawal point on the Broad River
after it crosses the North Carolina state line into South Carolina. We are greatly impacted
by the activity along the Broad River in North Carolina before it reaches our intake.
During the 2002 drought and since that time, many water purveyors within the Broad
River Basin have looked to the "Big" Broad River as a water source. While we
understand the natural progression to that point it concerns us greatly. If more water is
withdrawn from the Broad River before our intake, we are concerned there will be
enough water to meet our demands once it reaches our intake, Our water resources need
to be addressed from a regional standpoint regardless of state boundaries,
The only option to help alleviate the shortage of flow during a drought is additional
storage within the basin. Based on the analysis presented by your consultant during our
February 27, 2007 meeting the flow of the river would be substantially enhanced by the
construction of a reservoir particularly during a drought,
The Board of Public Works is in a very favorable position to benefit from the
construction of your proposed reservoir along the First Broad River since the First Broad
discharges into the Board just upstream of our intake. Based on our discussions for
reserving a portion of the reservoirs capacity for the Board of Public Works and a
controlled release during drought events flow could be maintained at more consistent
rates which benefits the water purveyors as well as fish and wildlife. We understand that
the Cleveland County Sanitary District has applied for a Department of the Army permit
to construct a reservoir under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act.
Btectric focosr • Water 0 C#asto neattwnt
10

Ma r. 13. 2007 9 : 26AM
Page 2
Mr. Butch Smith
No. 0399 P. 3
The Board of Public Works commends your organization for pursuing the construction of
the reservoir and we fully support the construction of the reservoir in Cleveland County.
We appreciate the opportunity to comment and provide input on the development of such
an important project for the entire region. If you have any questions or we can be of any
assistance do not hesitate to contact me or our operations engineer, Kim Fortner at 854-
488 -8801.
Sincerely,
Donnie L. Hardin
General Manager
DR/kf
is

Cleveland County Water
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Preliminary Alternatives Report
First Broad River Reservoir Environmental Impact Statement
Cleveland County, North Carolina
August 10, 2011
Prepared by: McGill Associates, Inc.

.1
Table of Contents
1. Development of Study Alternatives
1
I.I. Water Demands
1
1.2. Background Information and First Broad River Capacity
2
1.3. First Broad River Hydrology Model
3
2. Preliminary Alternatives
3
2.1. No Action Alternative
4
2.2. Increase Withdrawal at Existing First Broad River Intake
4
2.3. Utilize Groundwater
5
2.4. Conserve Water
5
2.5. Utilize Recycled Treated Wastewater
7
2.6. Construct Additional Finished Water Storage Tanks
7
2.7. Construct a Reservoir on the First Broad River
8
2.7.1. Site A
8
2.7.2. Site 13
9
2.8. Purchase Water (or capacity) from Existing Water Purveyors
9
2.8.1. Kings Mountain
10
2.8.2. City of Shelby
11.
2.8.3. Town of Forest City
14
2.8.4. Hickory
16
2.8.5. Broad River Water Authority
17
2.9. Utilize the Broad River as an Additional Water Source
17
2.10. Construct a Side Stream Reservoir
18

2.10. 1. Upper Crooked Run Creek 20
2.10.2. Lower Crooked Run Creek 21
2.10.3. Knob Creek
21
2.10.4. Summary — Pumped Storage (Side Stream) Reservoir 22
3. Summary
4. References Cited
Tables
I Comparison of Residential Water Consumption
2 Comparison of Side Stream Reservoir Alternatives
Figures
I first Broad River Reservoir— Site A
2 First Broad River Reservoir— Site B
3 I'llrehase Water Alternative — Shelby
4 Purchase Water Alternative — Forest City
5 Broad River Alternative
G Side Stream Reservoir Alternatives
7 Upper Crooked Run Creek Side Stream Reservoir Alternative
8 Lower Crooked Run Creek Side Stream Reservoir Alternative
9 Knob Creek Side Stream Reservoir Alternative
Appendices
A Modeling Methodology
B Cost
C Correspondence
23
24

1. Development of Study Alternatives
Cleveland County Water (CCW) is proposing to construct a water supply reservoir by impounding the First
Broad River near Lawndale, North Carolina to ensure adequate water for their current customers as well to
meet future projected water supply demands. The cornerstone of a Draft Environmental Impact Statement
(DEIS) is the identification of alternatives to meet the purpose and need of the proposed action. The
identification and selection of alternatives for analysis in the DEiS is a process that begins with the original
project scoping meeting and includes an identification of the cost and impacts for each. Potential
alternatives are identified that have the feasibility of satisfying the purpose and need of the project. These
alternatives are screened and analyzed to make a determination of the least environmentally damaging
practicable alternative (LEDPA) following the guidelines established in Section 404 (b)(1), 40 CFR section
230.10 (a) and the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA).
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) Region 4 has developed guidelines
associated with water efficiency measures to control or reduce water supply demands for permit proposals
for new reservoir projects. These guidelines adopted June 21, 2010 outline the actions which the US EPA
expects an applicant to implement in order to evaluated, eliminate, and /or minimize the need for additional
capacity through the implementation of water efficiency measures to reduce future water supply demands.
Water utilities are expected to use consistent and rigorous approaches for the implementation of water
efficiency measures and include their impact when evaluating water demand projections.
The alternatives identified in this document conform to the requirements of the Council on Environmental
Quality (CE'Q) regulations, which provide direction regarding implementation of the procedural provisions
of NEPA. It is anticipated that any build alternative selected will require U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
(USACE) permits and as such the USACE has been designated as the lead agency for the preparation of this
DEIS. The regulations promulgated by the CEQ for the implementation of the NEPA process require an
objective evaluation of all reasonable alternatives, The USACE regulations for processing Department of
the Army permits (33CFR Part 325) describe reasonable alternatives as "those that are feasible and such
feasibility must focus on the accomplishment of the underlying purpose and need that would be satisfied by
the proposed Federal action (permit issuance)." An initial review for reasonability provides an appropriate
level of detail to proceed with the NFTA process. Additional information obtained at any time in the NEPA
process may cause elimination of an alternative if that alternative is found not to be reasonable or feasible in
the future.
1.1. Water Demands
The Purpose and Need Report contains a detailed description of tile current and projected water demands for
CCW. This report describes the analysis of current water usage patterns and projections of increases in
population and employment within the service area and the resulting increase in water demands. CCW's
implementation of the pillars established by US EPA for water efficiency and the reduction of future water
demands is described and their impact on future water demands are discussed and included in the projected
water demands.

Utilizing projected increases in population, as well increases in business, cotlli11ei•cial and industrial flows,
projected water demands were developed for CCW through 2060. The projected 2060 average daily
dennand is 7.91 MGD (12.24 cfs) and the maximum day deinaild is 11.51 MGD (17.81 cfs).
The 2060 average daily demand of 7.91 MGD (12.24 cfs) was used as the basis for the evaluation of the
various alternatives identified for the project.
1.2. Background Information and First Broad River Capacity
CCW currently utilizes the First Broad River as their raw water supply source. Au intake and raw water
pumping station is located at the confluence of the First Broad River and Knob Creek and has a drainage
area of approximately 181 square miles. The raw water pumping station provides water to the CCW water
treatment plant. The plant utilizes a conventional treatment process with chemical addition prior to rapid
mixing, flocculation and sedimentation to remove heavier particles prior to filtration using mixed media
filters. The plant has a permitted capacity of 6.0 MGD (9.28 cfs) by the NC Department of Environment
and Natural Resources (DENR), Division of Etiviromnental Health, Public Water Supply Section (PWS).
During the planning and permitting of the existing raw water intake CCW obtained permission to increase
the raw water withdrawal alnotmt tip to 10.0 MGD (15.46 cfs) from the First Broad River front the
NCDI,NR, DWR. Actual withdrawals at the existing intake are constrained by the normal flows of the First
Broad River. One item of concern for any future water supply is the potential requirement for the
maintenance of a specified in- stream flow downstream of the intake location to maintain certain levels of
aquatic habitat. As previously indicated CCW has approval from the NCDI*NR, DWR to withdraw up to
10.0 MGD (15.46 cfs) from the First Broad River in the fixture with an expansion of the water treatment
plant with no required nlinimunl downstream flow requirement.
Historically the NCDENR DWR has evaluated the safe yield for run -of river type intakes based upon the
7Q10 flow of the subject stream. The 7Q10 flow is defined as the average low flow that occurs over seven
consecutive days With a recurrence interval of once every 10 years. The United States Geological Survey
(USES) has provided an informal low -flow analysis for the First Broad River and includes the impacts
associated with the droughts of 2002 and 2008 and the resulting decreased stream flows. The revised
estimated 7Q 10 flow at the CCW intake is 46.07 cfs (29.77 MGD).
The NCDENR DWR has historically allowed water- withdrawals to a maximum of 20% of the 7Q10 flow
without the need for additional site specific studies including in- stream habitat. Mr. Tom Reeder, Director
of the NCDENR, DWR stated in his Deceinber 9, 2010 letter "If the requested withdrawal amount (total
instantaneous withdrawal rate) is less tha►120% of the 7QIO flow established for a specific intake location,
there no additional studies are required to determine minimum in- stream flows (flow -bys) below the intake.
This policy is codified in NC Administrative Code under 15A NCAC OIC.0408 (2) (b). If the withdrawal
capacity is less than the 7Q1O flow, a public water supply can withdraw water at any given river flow
condition up to their approved capacity. "]'his includes periods when flows in the river are below the 7Q10.
Environmental review documents (Envirornnental Assessinent or Environmental Impact Statement) would
still need to be prepared for any new or added capacity that is greater than or equal to 1.0 MGD, and
cotlsultation with the NC Division of Water Quality would be required to determine if any downstream
wastewater dischargers would be affected by the upstreann withdrawal" (Reeder, pees. comm. 2010).
2

While CCW currently has approval to withdraw 9.28 cfs (6.0 MGD) from the First Broad River at the
current intake and to increase the withdrawal rate to 15.47 cfs (10.0 MGD) in the future with an expansion
of the water treatment plant, CCW became concerned with the ability to actually withdraw this amount of
water during drought periods. During the 2002 drought there were days when at withdrawal rates of 4,64 cfs
(3.0 MGD) to 5.42 cfs (3.5 MGD) the in- stream flows downstream of the intake (flow -by) were virtually
non- existent. Similar conditions were repeated during the 2007 and 2008 droughts. Based upon these
observed conditions it is the opinion of the CCW management and board of commissioners that the First
Broad River does not have the ability to meet future projected demands and to provide for some acceptable
level of in- stream flow downstream of the intake.
1.3. First Broad River Hydrology Model
To address the severity of low stream flow conditions a hydrologic model of the First Broad River utilizing
historical stream flow data available from the USGS for the period of 1940 to 2009 was completed as a part
of the DEIS. The model was utilized for a number of items associated with the DEIS. One of these items
was to determine the percentage of time, or number of days, over the period of record when flows in the
First Broad River are insufficient to meet the projected demands of CCW as well as any projected in- stream
flow requirements. Additional detail regarding the modeling methodology is provided in Appendix A.
Model results over the 25,051 day model period (68 years) indicate that 6.5% of the time (1,623 out of
25,051 days) both the in- stream flow of 71.6 cfs (46.27 MGD) and CCW demands cannot be met. ']'his
percentage drops to 0.7% (180 out of 25,051 days) when the in- stream flow is dropped to 36.4 cfs (23.52
MGD). The modeling results demonstrate that CCW cannot meet the projected future demands for the water
system 100% of the time utilizing only the existing rull -of -the -river intake and assuming a future regulated
downstream flow requirement.
2. Preliminary Alternatives
The following reasonable alternatives have been identified and analyzed to determine the potential to meet
the requirements of the project:
• No action
• Increase withdrawal at the existing first Broad River intake
• Utilize groundwater
• Conserve water
• Utilize recycled treated wastewater
• Construction of additional finished water storage tanks
• Construction of a reservoir on the First Broad River (applicant's preferred alternative)
• Purchase water (or capacity) from existing water purveyors
- Town of Kings Mountain
- City of Shelby
- Town of Forest City
- City of Hickory
- Broad River Water Authority
• Utilize the Broad Rivet- as an additional water source
• Construct a side stream reservoir (pumped storage) utilizing the First Broad River
3

Each of these alternatives is described in more detail in the following sections.
2.1. No Action Alternative
Under the No Action Alternative, no permit authorization would be required by the USACE. CCW would
continue to withdraw water fronn the current run -of -the river intake on the First Broad River and would not
develop additional sources of raw water. With this alternative, there would be no cliange to the existing
conditions within the project area and flow fluctuations in the First Broad River would continue to affect the
dependability of the river as an uninterruptable water supply for the CCW service area. The No Action
Alternative could result in periods when CCW would be linable to meet water system demands during
periods of low stream now resulting from drought conditions.
The lack of an adequate water supply could adversely impact the health and safety of the existing CCW
customers and will restrict population growth and development in Cleveland County, as well as portions of
adjacent counties served by CCW. Adoption of the No Action Alternative does not address the reliability of
the water supply during drought conditions.
The DEIS and the requirements of NEPA stipulate that a No Action Alternative be included and carried
forward as a part of the DEIS. 'Cie No Action Alternative provides a basis for the comparison of the
potential impacts and benefits of the various alternatives. While the No Action Alternative does not meet the
purpose and need for the project, the No Action Alternative does avoid any adverse environmental impacts.
However, it does not provide for a reliable, uninterruptable water supply.
2.2. Increase Withdrawal at Existing First Broad River Intake
Withdrawals at the existing CCW intake site are constrained by the normal flows of the First Broad River.
Under current permit conditions CCW is not required to maintain a minimum flow -by or downstream in-
stream flow at their existing intake. As previously discussed CCW is permitted to withdraw 9.28 cfs (6.0
MGD) from the First Broad River. However during the permitting process associated with the relocation of
the CCW raw water intake location the NCDINR DWR provided approval to CCW to withdraw up to 15.47
cfs (10.0 MGD) from the First Broad River in the future with the expansion of the water treatment plant
Without a required in- stream flow downstream of the intake. This allowable maximum withdrawal from the
First Broad River at the existing CCW intake is based upon the previously established 7Q10 flow at the
intake location.
During the 2002 drought the available supply at the existing intake location dropped to rates between 4.64
cfs (3.0 MGD) to 5.42 cfs (3.5 MGD) and there was a period of approximately 5 consecutive clays when
CCW was unable to withdraw more than 6.19 cfs (4.0 MGD).
A hydrologic model for the F irst Broad River has been produced as a part of the DEIS. "This model was used
to analyze the capacity of the First Broad River for various water withdrawal scenarios and alternatives. One
of the scenarios modeled was the current rem -of- river intake arrangement without the construction of a
reservoir. The model utilizes historical flow data published by the USGS for the first Broad River and
covers a period of 68 years. This flow data is adjusted for the appropriate drainage area for the various study
options. The model was used to estimate tire. number of days or percentage of time that First Broad River
4

flows was inadequate to meet the projected future demands of CCW at the existing intake location. This
modeling shows that based upon historical flow data for the f=irst Broad River that the required 7.91 MGD
(12.24 cfs) future demand for CCW is not available on an till- interruptible basis or 100% of the time. The
model indicates that approximately 6.50% of the study period flows in the First Broad River are inadequate
to meet the future projected CCW demands and an anticipated future flow -by provision,
This alternative cannot provide CCW with an tin- interruptible water supply adequate to meet future demands
and in the absence of some type of raw water storage capacity or other alternative for additional water
supply this alternative does not provide an adequate supply during drought conditions and is not considered
dependable. This alternative does not meet the project's purpose and need this alternative is therefore
eliminated from further consideration.
2,3. Utilize Groundwater
Smaller com ►nullity water systems and single family residences with lower water demands have historically
been served by groundwater supply wells. However, groundwater has not been a dependable source of
water with adequate capacity and quality to meet the projected higher demands of CCW. There are uo
defined aquifers of large enough capacity to serve large municipal systems in the Cleveland County area.
The typical high yield well in Cleveland County has a maximum capacity of 100 gpm to 150 gpm (72,000
gpd to 108,000 gpd). The North Carolina Division of Environmental I lealth estimates that it is very unlikely
that wells with tlhe pumping capacity needed to meet CCW demands can be found in Cleveland County
(Setter 2007).
Water quality has the potential to be a concern for groundwater supplies and may require additional cost for
the installation of treatment facilities. In some areas of the county, groundwater has Iligher than acceptable
concentrations of iron and manganese. In addition, lithium has been detected ill groundwater in the
Cherryville and Bessemer City vicinity of Gaston County, adjacent to Cleveland County. Water treatment
for these components is necessary (North Carolina Division of Water Resources 1989) and would increase
the cost and complexity of a system that utilizes groundwater to meet the projected demands ( Setter 2007).
Due to tlhe shortage of groundwater and water quality concerns, the alternative to Utilize groundwater, both
from individual wells or large mumclpal wells, does shot meet the project's purpose and need and is
eliminated from further consideration.
2.4. Conserve Water
This alternative would implement water conservation neasures to reduce water demand in order to eliminate
the need for the proposed project. For many water systems, the colservation of Water and a reAlltllhg
decrease ill per capita water consumption has the potential to decrease projected future water demands. Per
capita water usage could possibly be decreased through the implementation of a more aggressive water
efficiency and conservation program.
CCW has already implemented a number of water efficiency measures that result in low per capita
consumption. CCW continues to be proactive ill efforts to increase the efficiency of the water system and
has all active program to identify and repair leaks in the system and to reduce unaccounted for water. CCW
5

has adopted a water conservation program that requires CCW to implement a voluntary conservation
program during abnormally dry weather Conditions and implements and enforces a mandatory program of
water conservation during periods of drought. These measures are more fully described in the Water
Shortage Response Plan adopted by CCW in February 2003. The plan stipulates conservation measures for
both voluntary and mandatory conservation phases. These measures address indoor residential use, outdoor
residential use, commercial as well as industrial use.
A comparison of residential water consumption shows that CCW has successfully implemented water
conservation measures. The low residential consumption rate reflects the conservation mentality of CCW
customers. Table I compares the residential consumption rate for CCW with other water systems in the
state, including others in Cleveland County and surrounding counties.
Table 1. Comparison of Residential Water Consumption
Water System
Residential
Metered
Connections
Metered
Average Use
(MGD)
Average Use
[let. Meter
(gpd)
tlickory
4.73
261
Shelby
_ T _18,148
9,745
2.4
246
Orange County
18,556
4.46
240
Greensboro
74,451
16.9
2278
Kings Mountain �-
4,974
1.053
_ 212
Lincoln County
8,964
1.882
_ 210
Burke County
1,583
0.324
205
Charlotte Mecklenburg
218,720
44.19
202
Raleigh
155,152
30. l7
194
Gastonia
22,767
3.95.8
�Try~174
Harnett County Regional
331,117
5.4
v
ONWASA
32,372
5,556
172
CCW
_
17,882
2.77
155
Broad River Water Authority
5,600
0.83
148
Forest City
7,000
0.909
130
Source: North Carolina Department of [;nvironmcnt and Natural Resources: Division of Water Resources. 2007. Local Water
Supply Plans.
The projected fiture CCW demands contained in the Purpose arui Need Report reflect the impact that
current water efficiency and conservation measures have had on per capita consumption. While a more
aggressive water conservation plan could result in additional decreases in per capita consumption and
decreases in the average daily demand for CCW, such a program alone would not satisfy CCW's future
demand requirements and eliminate the need for the proposed project. 'I'his alternative does not meet the
project's purpose and need; therefore, this alternative is eliminated from further consideration. However,
water conservation is an integral component of other alternatives carried forward for detailed analysis in the
llI:;IS. CCW will continue to emphasize water conservation and system efficiency.
6

2.5. Utilize Recycled Treated Wastewater
In many parts of the United States the use of potable water for the purpose of irrigation represents a
significant percentage of the total water consumption. However, due to the high average annual precipitation
in Cleveland County the use of potable water for irrigation purposes by CCW customers is minimal. One
alternative to the use of potable water for irrigation purposes is the use of highly treated wastewater to meet
irrigation demands. Given the small percentage of water used by CCW customers for irrigation the use of
treated wastewater for reuse purposes including irrigation supply would have a minimal impact on the future
demands of CCW. A program to utilize treated wastewater effluent is dependent on a customer base that
utilizes target- quantities of water for irrigation and other non- potable uses. This is not the case for CCW.
In order to adequately utilize treated wastewater for irrigation and reuse purposes will require the upgrade of
existing wastewater treatment plants to supply the treated wastewater effluent. CCW does not own or
operate an existing wastewater treatment plant. The City of Shelby, City of Kings Mountain and Town of
Boiling Springs own wastewater treatment plants that could potentially be utilized and upgraded to produce
treated wastewater effluent for reuse purposes. However, it would be more cost effective to identify areas
close to these treatment facilities for the reuse of the treated effluent. Any reduction in water demand as a
result of the reuse of treated effluent would contribute to the reduction in do ►nand for the City of Shelby,
City of Kings Mountain and '['own of Boiling Springs, and would not result in a decrease in demands for
CCW.
'File use of treated wastewater effluent to reduce the demand for potable water is not an option for CCW and
the program would not satisfy the requirements of the purpose and need and provide for an adequate water
supply to meet future demands associated with growth of the system and is therefore will not be carried
forward for future consideration.
2.6. Construct Additional Finished Water Storage Tanks
']'his alternative would consist of the construction of additional finished water storage tanks to be installed at
various locations in the CCW distribution system. During periods of adequate flow in the First Broad River
the water treatment plant would be operated at the maximum design capacity of 6.0 MGD. "Treated water
would then be stored until the time needed for usage.
CCW Currently has storage tanks with a combined capacity of 5.1 million gallons at various locations within
the system. These tanks are located to provide storage needed to maintain adequate system pressures during
periods of peak instantaneous demand. 'File "Rules Governing Public Water Systems" (North Carolina
Administrative Code, Title 15A, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, subchapter 18)
requires that a minimum of one -half day's supply of finished water be provided (Section .0805). The current
storage within the system meets these requirements.
Section .1500 of the "Rules Governing Public Water Systems" also addresses water quality standards and
certain water quality parameters as mandated by US EPA and the Safe Drinking Water act as amended. One
of these requirements has to do with the formation of various disinfection by- products within the system.
The age of the water in the system has a direct impact on these parameters. Implementation of this
alternative to build additional finished water storage in the capacities necessary to provide water supply over
N

the periods of low stream flows will have a negative impact on these water quality parameters. The
increased water age contributes to increased levels of disinfection by- products and violations of the
standards.
Because of water quality issues associated with stored water, this alternative will not provide a dependable
source of water. This alternative does not meet the project's purpose and need; therefore this alternative is
eliminated from further consideration.
2.7. Construct a Reservoir on the First Broad River
This is the applicants preferred alternative and consists of the construction of a water supply reservoir to
impound the main stem of the First Broad River. Two reservoir sites have been identified as part of the
DEIS. The first location, site A is located near the existing CCW water treatment plant and is situated to
include the drainage area of Crooked Run Creek. The second location, site B is located further upstream on
the First Broad River from the CCW water plant and does not include the Crooked Run Greek drainage area.
Figure I shows the proposed reservoir at site A and Figure 2 shows the proposed reservoir at site B.
2.7.1. Site A
The proposed dam location is approximately 5,800 feet upstream of the confluence of the First Broad River
and Knob Creek and the existing raw water intake and just upstream of the CCW water treatment plant, but
downstream of the confluence of Crooked Run Creek.. The reservoir site has a total drainage area of
approximately 146 square miles and would impound areas below 856 -feet msl and create a 1,020 acre
reservoir. The 856 pool level was selected based upon a review of topographic information at the reservoir
site. An earthen dam with a top elevation of 860 appears to be the most economical based upon the
topography at the dam site. To ensure an adequate flood pool above the primary spillway elevation the 856
full pool elevation was selected.
The hydrologic model for- the First Broad River, discussed in Appendix A, was utilized to estimate the safe
yield of the First Broad 17iver reservoir. A couple of different operational triggers and release protocol were
modeled in an effort to determine the range of safe yield of the First Broad River reservoir.
One of the release options modeled included a fixed reservoir release of 71.6 cfs under normal operating
conditions. As the reservoir levels drop to the projected first trigger point it was assumed that CCW would
implement voluntary conservation measures and that the minimum release is then reduced to 54 cfs. If the
lake level continues to drop a second model trigger point elevation requires CCW to implement mandatory
conservation measures and that the minimum release is then reduced to 36 cfs.
Tine estimated safe yield of the I"irst Broad River reservoir under this release protocol is 18.0 MGD.
Different trigger pool elevations at which point water conservation measures and reservoirs releases were
changed were input into the model for different scenarios. The various triggers resulted in less use of the
total reservoir volume. The model was then run with these different pool trigger elevations utilizing the same
release protocol and the safe yield of the reservoir varied from 0 MGD to 7.8 MGD depending on the trigger
pool elevations.
8

A second reservoir analysis was ruts utilizing a release protocol preferred by the NCDENR DWR and is
discussed in Appendix A. tinder this protocol the release from the reservoir equals 100% of the inflow up to
a nlaximunl release of 250 cfs assuming the usable storage within the reservoir is greater than 70 %. Once the
usable storage drops below the 70% threshold but is greater than 30 %, the release is reduced to 95% of the
inflow. In the event the reservoir pool level continues to drop to a point where storage is less than 30% of
usable storage the release front the reservoir is decreased to 90% of the inflow, Utilizing this protocol the
safe yield of the First Broad River Reservoir at site A is 8.0 MGD.
Analysis of the model results indicates that the reservoir would meet the project purpose and need. The safe
yield of the reservoir can be refined to match the projected future demands of CCW through consultation
and negotiations with the NCDENR DWR and other resource agencies such as US EPA, US Fish and
Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the North Carolina Division of Wildlife Resources as to release protocol and
operational pool trigger levels. This alternative will be carried forward for further analysis. Preliminary cost
estimates for this alternative are provided in Appendix B.
2.7.2. Site B
This alternative is similar to site A previously described but at a location approximately 13,200 feet
upstream of the confluence of the First Broad River and Knob Creek and the existing CCW raw water
intake. The proposed dam location is also upstream of the confluence of Crooked Run Creek. This
alternative results in a smaller reservoir than site A and the reservoir would have a total drainage area of
approximately 137 square miles and would impound areas below elevation 856 -feet nlsl and create a 736
acre reservoir. The 856 pool elevation was selected to allow for a flood pool as previously discussed for
site A.
'File hydrologic model for the First Broad River was utilized to estimate the safe yield of the First Broad
River reservoir. A couple of different operational triggers and release protocol were modeled in an effort to
determine the safe yield of the First Broad River reservoir.
The safe yield of reservoir site B based upon this scenario and release criteria is 6.0 MGD and there are 21
days during the modeling period when the various restrictive demands are not nlct. During the modeling
period there are 2,262 days when CCW will be in voluntary conservation measures and 581 days when in
mandatory conservation measures.
A reservoir at site 13 on the First Broad River does not meet the required safe yield of the project and does
not, therefore, meet the purpose and need of the project. This alternative is elunulated from further
consideration.
2.8. Purchase Water (or capacity) from Existing Water Purveyors
With this alternative, additional water required to meet the future demands of CCW over and above that
amount available on an uninterrupted basis from the First Broad River would be pUrchased on a wholesale
basis front an existing nnu nicipal source. In order for this alternative to be considered viable CCW must be
able to enter into a long term, binding agreement to purchase water treatment plant capacity and to control
the future cost of finished water. This alternative would CI1COLIt'agC regionalization in that one or more
9

exiStlrig water purveyors would pardlcr with CCW to Ilitercomiect their treatment and distribution systems
and share water resources to meet future regional demands.
Municipal sources that are located in the proximity of CCW that can possibly meet the demands of CCW are
the Town of Kings Mountain, the City of Shelby, the Town of Forest City, the City of Hickory, and /or the
Broad River Water Authority (BRWA). A description of each of these alternatives and the logistical
components necessary to connect the two water systems is described in more detail its the following sections.
2.8.1. Kings Mountain
Jolla Henry Moss Lake provides the raw water supply for the City of Kings Mountain. The City of Kings
Mountain operates an 8.0 MGD water treatment plant adjacent to the lake to meet the demands of the city's
water system. The city provides water only within its corporate limits and to its single municipal customer,
the Towil of Grover. CCW entered into an agreement with Kings Mountain dated Jutle 26, 2007 to purchase
finished potable water and has two metered connections with Kings Mountain. The CCW and City of Kings
Mountain agreement states that the metered connections may be used only during emergency conditions.
The agreement stipulates "that if in the event of an emergency situation or need for conservation of the water
resources by the City, the City does reserve the right to refi►se to supply water to CCW, during such
emergency or COrlservatioii situation."
Jolla Henry Moss Lake was formed in 1973 by impotnlding Buffalo Creek and has a total drainage area of
67.5 square miles. The Kings Mountain Water Supply Plan reports the safe yield of Moss Lake as 37.60
MGD. LIowever in a letter dated January 15, 2009 to CCW the City of Kings Mountain indicates that "the
City Of Kings M011lltalll Is Cllrr'Clltly refililllg the safe yield of John Llemy Moss Lake in support of a permit
modification to withdraw more than their permitted amount from Moss Lake" (Murphrey, POPS. COI11I11.
2009) Tile letter indicates that Kings Mountain currently has adequate water capacity to sell up to 5.0 MGD
of finished water to CCW, but regional demands make it difficult for Kings Mountain to commit to a long
term arrangement and that Kings Mountain sees the need to develop additional regional water supplies. (See
Appendix C.)
The drought conditions experienced during the past decade have demonstrated the vuhlerability of Moss
Lake aild verify and support Kings Mountain's need to redefine the safe yield. For example in the 2002
drought the water level of Moss Lake dropped by approximately 8 feet below the ►formal pool level and
dropped by approximately 3 feet again in the 2008 drought.
As a part of the evaluation of alternatives for additional water supply the City of Kings Mountain has
initiated preliniinary studies as to the feasibility of the construction of a second water supply reservoir on
Muddy Creek to supplement the available water supply from Moss Lake.
Given that the City of Kings Mountain will not guarantee that water will be available to meet the projected
long term demands of CCW and that Kings Mountain is actively pursuing an additional supply of raw water
this alternative is not considered a dependable alternative aad does not meet the project's purpose and ileed,
Therefore, this alternative is eliminated from further coifsideration.
R(,

2.8.2. City of Shelby
The City of Shelby also depends on the First Broad River as the primary raw water- supply for the City's
water system. A raw water intake located just north of West Grover Street in the northwestern part of the
City supplies water to the city's water treatment plant. "Treatment facilities include three off - stream raw
water reservoirs for the storage of raw water- prior to treatment. Shelby's water treatment plant has a design
capacity of 12.0 MGD with current average daily water demands being 4.2 MGD (6.50 cfs). The City of
Shelby also has a contract to provide up to 1,55 cfs (1.0 MGD) of finished potable water on a wholesale
basis to the Town of Boiling Springs.
Based on the City of Shelby's Water Supply Plan, average daily water demands for the city's service area
are projected to be 8.7 MGD by 2050, including the contract sales of 1.0 MGD. Assuming an average day
to peak day multiplier- of 1.25, approximately 10.88 MGD would be needed in 2050. The City of Shelby has
permission and an agreement on record by the NCDENR, DWR to withdraw up to 18.0 MGD (27.85 cfs)
from the First Broad River once the water treatment plant is upgraded and expanded, provided stream flows
are adequate to permit the 18.0 MGD (27.85 cfs) withdrawal and also maintain a downstream flow of 25 cfs
in the First Broad River (McGill 2004).
To prepare for and address future drought conditions and to assure an uninterruptable water supply for its
customers, the City of Shelby completed the construction of a 30 -inch raw water line from the Grover Strect
Water Treatment Plant to the Broad River in 2003. The 30 -inch raw water line terminates at the site of a
future raw water intake and pump station at the Broad River, approximately 1,5 miles downstream of the NC;
Highway 150 Bridge and south of the ']"Own of Boiling Springs. The raw water intake and pump station
have not been constructed to date.
Until such time as a permanent raw water intake and pump station iS COnStRicted to provide raw water in the
event of an emergency the City of Shelby intends to install diesel driven pumps which are rented on a
monthly basis. 'These pumps are sized to convey water to the Grover Street plant during those periods when
low stream flows in the First Broad River dictate the need to utilize this additional source.
The Broad River has been reclassified for future use as a raw water source and is currently classified as WS-
IV by the NCDENR DWQ. The estimated available supply at the City of Shelby proposed Broad River
intake location based upon 20% of the 7Q10 flow is 66.23 cfs (42.8 MGD).
CCW has an agreement and metered connections in place with the City of Shelby that allow for the purchase
of finished water on an as need basis and under emergency conditions. The current agreement does not
define the maximum amount of water available on a daily basis which CCW may purchase. The volume of
water available to CCW may be limited and depends upon the current demands of the City of Shelby system
and their available water supply.
A number of key components are necessary to ensure that this alternative is feasible including the purchase
Of treatment plant capacity and the establishment of a fixed price for finished potable water purchased from
the City of Shelby. Both the purchase of treatment plant capacity and the price for finished water would be
established by a binding agreement between CCW and the City of Shelby and must be an agreement that
cannot be terminated by either party.

As previously mentioned a hydrologic model of the First Broad River has been completed as a part of the
DIMS. Based upon model results and actual operational data from the 2003, 2007 and 2008 droughts it has
been assumed that CCW can safely withdraw 5.42 cfs (3.50 MGD) to 6.19 cfs (4.0 MGD) from the First
Broad River under all stream flow conditions. For the purpose of determining the capacity of additional
water needed it has been assumed that CCW will need to purchase up to four million gallons of water per
day (4.0 MGD) from the City of Shelby to meet future demands. This alternative assumes that peak daily
demand will be met through system storage and the implementation of conservation measures during future
drought conditions.
For the purpose of the evaluation of this alternative and for this alternative to be acceptable it has been
assumed that CCW will purchase 4.0 MGD (6.19 cfs) of treatment plant capacity from the City of Shelby,
assuring that this amount of water will always be available to CCW. The cost for future water purchases will
then be based upon the actual cost to treat and deliver finished water to CCW and be established by a
binding contract between the two parties.
For this alternative to be feasible the City of Shelby must construct a permanent raw water intake and
pumping station on the Broad River. This pumping station would convey raw water to the Shelby Water
Treatment Plant for processing and treatment to supplement the available supply from the First Broad River.
While the CCW and Shelby distribution systems are currently interconnected with two metered connections
for the purchase of water on an emergency, wholesale basis the CCW distribution system is undersized in
the vicinity of these connections to efficiently transport the needed 4.0 MGD purchase from the City of
Shelby into the CCW distribution system. Improvements to the CCW distribution system are therefore
required to allow for the purchase and distribution of water front the City of Shelby into the CCW system in
an efficient ►llanner.
The CCW distribution system is currently divided into two independent service zones. One zone serves the
western part of Cleveland County to the west of the First Broad River. The distribution system in this area is
served fi-onl the existing Polkville tank which is filled from the water treatment plant by the dedicated
Polkville high service pumps. Under current development density approximately one -third of the CCW
water supply demands exist in this western section of the system.
The other service zone lies to the east of the First Broad River and is served from the Belwood tank. Similar
to the Polkville service zone water for the Belwood zone is pumped from the water treatment plant to the
Belwood tank by dedicated high service pumps. The distribution system then conveys water to the other
sections of the zone with additional storage tanks and booster pump stations providing for the demands
throughout this lone. Approximately two - thirds of the CCW d'e'mand is in this Zone.
Those customers in the northern part of Cleveland County at the higher service elevations are also served
from the Belwood zone. Service to these higher elevations is provided by the Upper Bald and Lower Bald
Mountain tanks. These tanks are idled from the Belwood tank by two booster pump stations.
Service to the southeastern section of the CCW service area along Highway 18 and south of US 74 is
provided from the Belwood tank and the Highway 18 tank. The Highway 18 tanks serves as the main hub of
12

the distribution system serving the southeastern section of the CCW service area and provides service to the
eastern and southern parts of the system in the Waco, Patterson Springs and Mid Pines area.
Significant CCW distribution system improvements are required in order to transmit water efficiently from
the Shelby system into the CCW distribution system. (Sec Figure 3.) The Shelby water treatment plant is
located on the western side of the city on West Grover Street. To efficiently convey purchased water from
the City of Shelby into the CCW distribution system it is proposed to make a number of major
improvements to the CCW distribution system in the vicinity of Mooresboro. These improvements are as
follows:
• Replace the existing 350,000 gallon Mooresboro stand pipe with a 500,000 gallon elevated tank
with an overflow elevation of 1090 feet nisi.
• Installation of 14,800 LF of 16" water line from the Mooresboro tank along NC 120 to US 74
business (Lillenboro Road) and then along Ellenboro Road to Mooresboro Road (SR 1327) and
along Mooresboro Road to a connection point with an existing G' water line.
• Construction of a new booster pump station on Mooresboro Road designed to transfer water to the
Polkville tank.
• New metered connection with the City of Shelby on Plato L,ee Road (SR 1315) near US 74.
• ConstruCtiOtl of a new booster pump station on Plato Lee Road near US 74 designed to transfer
water from the City of Shelby to the Mooresboro tank.
• Installation of 13,400 LF of 12" water line from the new Plato Lee Pump Station along
Beaverdam Church Road (SR 1158) to Skinner Road (SR 1159).
• Installation of 25,500 LF of 12" water line from I3eaverdam Church Road (SR 1 158) northwest
along Skinner Road (SR 1 i 59) to US 74 business and then along US 74 business to Mooresboro
Road (SR 1327).
• Installation of 21,600 LF of 12" water line from I3eaverdam Church Road (SR 1 158) south along
Skinner Road (SR 1 159) to NC 150 and then along NC 150 to Burke Road (SR 1148).
• Construction of a new booster pump station on Burke Road near NC 150 designed to pump water
to the Patterson Springs tank.
• Installation of 37,000 LF of 12" water line from Burke Road (SR l 148) along to Sinai Chur•Cln
Road (SR 1140) southward to NC 150 and connect to an existing water line at Davis Road (SR
1107).
• New metered connection with City of Shelby on Highway 18 near NC 150.
• Installation of 20,000 LF of 12" water line along NC 18 to Christopher Road (SR 1105) and then
to Sulphur Springs Road (SR 1 100) to increase supply to the Mid Pines tank.
Tile Improvements to the CCW distribution system described above are required to efficienfly transport
water purchased fronn the City of Shelby into the CCW distribution system and convey water to both the
western and eastern sections of the distribution system.
The preliminary cost estimate for this alternative is provided in Appendix 13. Cost for the purchase of
treatment plant capacity from the City of Shelby as well as CCW participation in the Shelby Broad River
raw water intake and pump station have been i►leluded in the project cost along with an allowance for
improvements to tine CCW distribution system to distribute water purchased from Shelby throughout the
system.
13

'The City of Shelby, in a letter dated March 15, 2011, expressed willingness to partner with CCW to share
existing water resources and to further develop the Broad River as an additional supply of raw water
(Howell, pens, comm. 2011). (See Appendix C.)
CCW must also purchase the excess water needed from Shelby in the event of a drought. A cost of `1;1.85
per 1,000 gallons has been assumed for the purchase of water.
"Tliis alternative appears to meet the project's purpose and need and will be carried forward for further
analysis.
2.8.3. Town of Forest City
This alternative is similar to the alternative to purchase water from the City of Shelby previously discussed.
This alternative consists of the purchase of treatment plant capacity and finished potable water from the
Town of forest City to supplement the water produced from the CCW First Broad River water treatment
plant. Like the Shelby alternative, this alternative assumes that CCW will purchase 4.0 MGD of treatment
plant capacity from the Town of Forest City and will enter into a long term agreement for the purchase of
finished water on an as needed basis.
'hhe'rown of Forest City currently utilizes the Second Broad River as its raw water source with an intake
located north of the town. 'The existing water treatment plant has a permitted design capacity of 8.0 MGD.
The plant underwent a major upgraded in 2003 and the majority of the treatment plant components were
designed and sired to allow for the expansion of the water treatment plant to a capacity of 12.0 MGD.
Forest City is permitted to withdraw up to 12.0 MGD from the Second Broad River. However, like CCW,
the Town of Forest City was severely impacted by the droughts of 2002, 2007 and 2008 and came to realize
that adequate water may not be available from the Second Broad River to meet future water supply demands
during drought conditions.
Forest City has been planning for alternatives to meet future water supply needs for more than a decade. `fhe
Broad River has been identified as the most attractive alternative For a potential source to meet these future
demands. The Town owns a 50 acre tract of property located adjacent to the Broad River in southern
Rutherford County for the use as a future raw water intake site and possible water treatment plant site,
Environmental planning and permitting has been completed for the construction of a new raw water intake
and pump station at the site. The pump station will be designed to deliver up to 12.0 MGD of raw water to
the 'Town of Forest City Vance Street water treatment plant.
In c011ju11ction with this planning effort the Broad River has been re- classified by the NCDENR DWQ as a
WS -IV Water Supply and the re- classification has been supported and implemented by both Rutherford
County and Polk County. The location of the proposed Forest City raw water intake has only a limited
number of small point source wastewater discharges located above the intake location. The three largest
point source discharges are the Town of Lake Lure wastewater treatment plant (0.99 MGD), Town of
Rutherfordton treatment plant (3.0 MGD), and the "Town of Columbus treatment plant (0.8 MGD).
14

'I'lle "Fawn of Forest City has completed an Environmental Assessment (FA) for the construction of the new
raw water intake, pump station and raw water line to convey raw water to the Forest City Vance Street water
treatment plant. '"rhe EA identified the need to withdraw up to 12.0 MGD of raw water from the Broad
River. A Finding; of No Significant Impact (FONSI) has been issued for the project and the project has been
approved by all agencies. flans for the proposed improvements have been completed by the 'Down and an
Authorization to Construct (A to C) has been issued by the NCDENR PWS.
CCW does not currently have a connection in place with the Town of Forest City. In order to connect the
two water systems an interconnection will be required. The Forest City distribution system in the area of the
proposed interconnection is served from the "Trade Street tank with an overflow elevation of 1,118 feet msl
(mean sea level). This tank produces an operating hydraulic grade fine of approximately 1000 feet ►nsl at the
proposed connection point. The existing CCW Mooresboro standpipe has an overflow elevation of 1041
feet msl. 'The stand pipe elevation is not adequate to properly serve the surrounding service area.
In addition to the construction of an interconnection between the CCW and Town of Forest City water
systems there are also significant distribution system improvements required to the CCW distribution system
in order to transmit water efficiently from the Forest City system into the CCW distribution system. (See
Figure 4,) To efficiently convey purchased water from the Town of Forest City into the CCW distribution
system it is proposed to make a number of major improvements to the CCW distribution system in the
vicinity of Mooresboro. These improvements areas follows:
• New metered connection with Town of Forest City on US 74 business (Ellenboro Road) near
Bostic Road.
• Construction of a new booster punnp station on US 74 business near tine new metered connection
designed to transfer water from the Town of' Forest City to the Mooresboro tank.
• Installation of 43,400 LF of 16" water line from the new Forest City master meter along US 74
business to Oak Grove Church Road, then along Oak Grove Church Road to Bugger Hollow
Road and then. Webb Road to the CCW Mooresboro tank.
• Replace the existing 350,000 gallon Mooresboro stand pipe with a 500,000 gallon elevated tank
with an overflow elevation of 1090 nnsl.
• installation of 14,800 LF of 16" water line from the Mooresboro tank along NC 120 to US 74
business (Ellenboro Road) and then along Ellenboro Road to Mooresboro Road (SR 1327) and
along Mooresboro Road to a connection point with an existing 6" water fine.
• Construction of a new booster pump station on Mooresboro Road designed to transfer water to the
I'olkville tank.
• Installation of 25,500 LF of 12" water line along US 74 business from Mooresboro Road (SR
1327) to Skinner Road (SR 1 159) then southeast along Skinner Road to Beaverdam Church Road
(SR 1158).
• Installation of 21,600 LF of 12" water line from Beaverdam Church Road (SR 1158) south along
Skinner Road (SR 1159) to NC 150 and then along NC 150 to Burke Road (SR 1148).
• Construction of a new booster pump station on Burke Road near NC 150 designed to pump water
to the Patterson Springs tank.
• hnstallation of 37,000 LF of 12" water line from Burl<e ]road (SR 1148) along to Sinai Church
Road (SR 1140) southward to NC 150 and connect to all existing water line at Davis Road (SR
1107).
15

The improvements to the CCW distribution system described above are required to efficiently transport
water purchased fi-om the ']'own of Forest City into the CCW distribution system and convey water to both
the western and eastern sections of the distribution system.
The Town of Forest City in a letter dated March 9, 2010 has expressed the willingness to partner with CCW
to share existing water resources and to develop the Broad River as an additional supply of raw water
(Summey, pers. Comm. 2010). (See Appendix C.)
The preliminary cost estimate for this alternative is provided in Appendix B. The project cost includes the
purchase of treatment plant capacity from the Town of Forest City as well as CCW participation in the
Forest City raw water intake, pump station and raw water line and an allowance for improvements to the
CCW distribution system to distribute water purchased from Forest City throughout the system.
This alternative appears to meet the project's purpose and need and will be carried forward for further
analysis.
2.8.4. Hickory
The City of Hickory uses the Catawba River (Lake Hickory) as a raw water supply. 'File city currently has
available excess capacity. In addition to costs of transporting the quantity of water needed by CCW, this
alternative would require permission from the North Carolina Environmental Management Commission
(EMC) to transfer the required amount of flow fi-om the Catawba River basin to the Broad River basin.
The Cabal•1•tiS County cities of Kannapolis and Concord secured the approval for an inter -basin transfer
certificate, approved in January 20007, to transfer 10.0 MGD (15.47 CA) from the Catawba River basin to
the Rocky River basin. The City of Hickory, as well as a number of towns and counties in the Catawba
River basin, passed resolutions in opposition to the transfer. Some of the reasons given for opposing the
transfer of water fi•om the Catawba River basin are:
• permanent removal of water from the Catawba River will reduce lake levels in all I I Catawba River
lakes including Fake Hickory;
• aquatic life would lose water during critical summer low flow conditions;
• reduced water levels in the basin would result in additional conservation measures during drought;
• the transfer would result in reduced revenues needed to operate the public water and sewer systems
inside the basin; and
• Cities and counties within the Catawba River Basin would lose water resources for future economic
and population growth.
A consortium of Catawba River basin local governments, joined by the Catawba River Foundation, appealed
the decision by the North Carolina Environmental Management Commission to grant the inter -basin transfer
certificate. In addition new and pending legislation may make ftiture transfers an impossibility and could
inhibit regional and intergovernmental cooperation, according to the North Carolina Association of County
Cominis,sioners (North Carolina Association of County Commissioners 2007). Given the opposition
16

expressed by the City of l- lickory to the inter -basin transfer request, it is unlikely that the city would support
such a request by the CCW. As stated in a letter from the City of Hickory dated December 29, 2009, the city
cannot commit additional water to CCW over the project planning period (Greer, pers. comm.. 2008). (See
Appendix C.) Therefore, this alternative will not be carried forward for additional consideration.
2.8.5. Broad River Water Authority
In adjacent Rutherford County, the Broad River Water Authority (BRWA) serves the towns of Ruth,
Rutlnerfordton, and Spindale; and rural areas of Rutherford County. 'The BRWA utilizes the Broad River as
its water source with an intake near Rutherfordton, upstream of the confluence of the Green River. BRWA
currently operates an 8.0 MGD water treatment plant. BRWA has indicated that many of the components
are in place for the expansion of the water treatment plant to a capacity of 12.0 MGD. The estimated safe
yield of the Broad River at the 13RWA intake is 13.0 MGD. CCW has ail emergency use agreement and
pipeline connection in place with the BRWA.
The BRWA has made and continues to enter into agreements for the wholesale of water to a number of
regional customers. They have an agreement with Grassy Pond Water Corporation in South Carolina for the
sale of 0.50 MGD of finished water- and an agreement with Inman- Campobello Water District in South
Carolina and with Polk County, North Carolina for the sale of approximately 4.0 MGD of finished potable
water. `These contracts as well as the predicted growth of BRWA will approacli the available safe yield of
the BRWA source during the planning period.
With its commitments to wholesale customers in South Carolina it is not likely that the BRWA could meet
the future daily needs of the BRWA and CCW in the absence of an additional source of raw water. In a letter
dated December 31, 2008 BRWA confirms that they do not leave adequate capacity to meet the additional
water supply requirements of CCW (Hunnicutt, comm. 2008). (See Appendix C.) "Therefore, this alternative
is not considered to be a reasonable alternative. This alternative will therefore not be carried forward for
additional consideration.
2.9. Utilize the Broad River as an Additional Water Source
Witb tbis alternative, CCW would utilize the Broad River as a supplemental source of raw water, in addition
to the Pirst Broad River. "The alternative includes the construction of a new run -of -river type raw water
intake, construction of a new water treatment plant that utilizes the Broad River as the raw water source, and
a connection to the existing CCW water distribution system. (See figure 5.)
As previously discussed, the City of Shelby has a temporary emergency raw water intake on the Broad River
and a raw water line to their water treatment plant and is intended to be used in the case of emergencies. In
adjacent Rutherford County, the Broad Rivet- is the raw water source for the BRWA and will be utilized by
the 'Town of Forest City in tine near future. Several other municipalities inave expressed interest in future
utilization of the Broad River for water supply.
The safe yield of the Broad River, based upon historical 7Q10 flow records, is estimated to be between 25.0
MGD (38.68 cfs) and 42.0 MGD (64.99 cfs) depending upon the proposed intake location and based upon a
withdrawal of 20% of-'low flow.
17

The new raw water intake would be located in the southern part of Cleveland County near the location of the
proposed City of Shelby raw water intake and pump station. This is the location where the Broad River has
been reclassified and approved for use as a potable water supply and is classified as a WS -IV water supply
watershed.
Although utilisation of the existing water treatment plant was considered, it was determined to be more
practical to construct a new water treatment plant in proximity to the new intake site. 'There is an elevation
difference of more than 230 feet between the Broad River and the existing plant, and CCW has a substantial
customer base at elevations similar to the Broad River.
A new water treatment plant would operate to produce water on a daily basis and deliver the water into the
existing water distribution system to meet the demands of the customer base. Typically this plant would
operate at a reduced capacity with the majority of the water needed to meet system demands supplied from
the existing First Broad River water treatment plant. However during periods of drought when flows in the
First Broad River drop to unacceptable levels and the First Broad River water treatment plant cannot be
operated at full capacity (6.0 MOD), the new Broad River water treatment plant production would be
increased up to the 4.0 MOD capacity as needed to meet system demands. It is assumed that during these
low flow conditions CCW will implement water restrictions to reduce system demands.
A conventional water treatment plant process would be utilized with chemical addition followed by
flocculation and sedimentation and filtration utilizing ►nixed media filters. Some of the required components
of the treatment plant are:
• Site development along with property purchase
• New raw water intake and pumping station on the Broad River with a capacity of 4.0 MGD (6.19
efs).
• 20" raw water force main from intake and pump station to the water treatment plant site.
• Raw water off-stream storage with a mrrrrnuun capacity of 20 million gallons and raw water
transfer pump station.
• 4.0 MGD capacity treatment plant composed of three separate and ntdepeiident treatment trains
for operational flexibility.
• New finished water storage facilities
• New finished water pumping facilities
• Filter backwash pumping facilities
• Alum sludge storage and treatment facilities.
• Administration and laboratory facilities and offices.
• Maintenance storage and operational facilities
This alternative appears to meet the project's purpose and need and will be carried forward for further
analysis. Preliminary cost estimates for this alternative are provided in Appendix B.
2.10. Construct a Side Stream Reservoir utilizing the First Broad River
Side stream reservoirs, which are filled by pumping from a larger stream, are alternatives being considered
to meet the purpose and need of this project. A side stream reservoir is defined as a reservoir built in a
18

natural drainage way where there are existing small streams. The reservoir is filled by pumping from a lamer
stream whenever in- stream flow levels permit. During normal or high stream flow levels water is pumped
From the larger stream into the side stream reservoir for storage until such time as the water is withdrawn for
treatment. During low stream flow conditions water is then withdrawn from the side stream storage reservoir
to augment the raw water supply to the water treatment facility during low in- stream flow or drought
conditions when the withdrawal of water from the stream may be curtailed. The use of side stream or
pr.rmped storage reservoirs has gained increased favor for both water supply and power production projects.
Side stream reservoirs often have the advantage of having less environmental impact due to less impact to
wetlands and less impact to the normal flow variations in tine larger stream.
In sonne cases, especially in more arid regions of the United States, the side stream reservoir may be sited
such as there are no impacts to perennial strearns. Perennial streams are defined as those streams that have a
base flow at all times. .However due to the high annual rainfall, which create many small streams in the study
region of Cleveland County, North Carolina the identification of sites suitable for a future reservoir where
no perennial stream is impacted is virtually impossible. Even relatively small impoundments in small
watersheds (watersheds with less than 100 acres [0.16 square miles] drainage area) often result in impacts to
perennial streams. For example, CCW recently completed the construction of a small off - stream raw water
holding pond (impoundment reservoir) at their water treatment plant to comply with NC DENR regulations
which requires a minimun of 5 days of raw water storage based upon treatment plant capacity. This small
storage pond located in a very small watershed resulted in all impact to a perennial stream and required
mitigation as a part of the project plan.
Potential side stream reservoir sites were identified using topographic information available from USGS
quadrangle maps for Cleveland County in the vicinity of the CCW treatment plant. Utilizing the USGS
quadrangle map information potential side stream reservoir sites within a 10 mile radius of the existing
CCW raw water intake and pump station were identified. The 10 mile radius was selected clue to the cost
associated with the construction of a new raw water transmission line from the existing raw water intake to
the reservoir site and a transmission line from the reservoir to the existing CCW water treatment plant. Each
potential alternative will allow for the continued use of tine existing CCW raw water intake and pump station
located on the First Broad River at the confluence of Knob Creek. This existing pump station will pump
water from the First Broad River into the side stream reservoir.
Three potential side stream reservoir sites were identified. Two of the potential sites are located on Crooked
RUIn Creck and one site is located on Knob Creel(. (See Figure 6.) These three sites are identified as:
• Upper Crooked Rllll Creek
•
Lower Crooked Run Creek
• Knob Creek
Once the potential side stream reservoir sites were identified, information associated with each proposed
reservoir was compiled including the surface area at full pool level, depth of water at the dam, and the length
of the dam. Utilizing topographic information including LIDAR information available from the Cleveland
County Geographic Information System and USGS quadrangle maps stage /storage curves were developed
for each site. The stage /storage curves provide the relationship between reservoir pool elevation and total
storage volume. The stage /storage curves were incorporated into a hydrologic computer model along with
19

information associated with historical stream flows, estimates of surface evaporation and water supply
demands. "file hydrology model, described in Appendix A, was used to determine the safe yield and
feasibility of each of the side stream alternatives.
'File existing CCW intake has a design capacity of 8.0 MGD. During the permitting phase of the current
intake CCW reached a memorandUM of understanding with the NCDENR DWR which allows CCW to
withdraw up to 10.0 MGD (15.47 cfs) from the First Broad River and Knob Creek at their existing intake
With no nlinirllur in-strewn flow requirement.
The amount of water withdrawn from the First Broad River and pumped to the side stream reservoir has the
most significant impact on the safe yield of each alternative. Higher pumping (withdrawal) rates result in
increased safe yields. However the higher pumping rates require larger pumps and increased energy and
operational cost. In order to provide a range of safe yield values for each alternative, two pumping scenarios
were modeled. The first scenario assures that 10.0 MGD (6,950 gpm) will be pumped from the First Broad
River when flows in the river are such that the nlinirurn in- stream flow of 71.6 cfs may be maintained. The
10 MGD (6,950 gprn) pumping rate was selected based on previous in- stream flow modeling for the First
Broad River that the NCDENR DWR has granted permission to CCW to withdraw up to 10 MGD with no
nlmrnlUrn required in- stream flow downstream of the existing raw water intake. With the second scenario
the pumping (withdrawal) rate was increased to 15.0 MGD (10,500 gpm).
For the various modeling scenarios it was assumed that when flow in the First Broad River is above the
threshold of 71.6 cfs that flow will first be pumped to the CCW water treatment plant at a rate necessary to
elect the demand of the plant and then be pumped to the side strear reservoir at the rate indicated for the
scenarios. The CCW demands at the water treatment plant are islet both from direct pumping from the First
Broad River and withdrawal from the side strear reservoirs.
After the various input parameters were established, various runs of the hydrology model were conducted to
determine the safe yield of each alternative and scenario. The safe yield is defined as the withdrawal from
the reservoir for the purpose of water supply that results in the reservoir level dropping to the top of the
conservation pool once during the modeling simulation period.
The following paragraphs contain a brief description of each of the side stream alternatives.
2.10.1. Upper Crooked Run Creek
The first Crooked Run Creek site identified is Upper Crooked Run Creek. This alternative would have a dam
north and immediately upstream of Kistler Road. The dam would be approximately 3,400 feet in length with
a top elevation of 970 feet MSI, and a height of approximately 100 feet at the tallest point. The full pool
elevation would be 960 feet MSL, and would form a reservoir with a surface area of approximately 650
acres.
The existing CCW raw water intake would be upgraded to provide new pumps designed to pump to the
Upper Crooked Run Creek reservoir. These new pumps will have a capacity of either 10.0 MGD (6,950
gpm) or 15.0 MGD (10,450 gpnl) depending upon the scenario selected as previously discussed. The pumps
will convey water from the existing intake through 18,200 linear feet of new 36" raw water line to the
20

reservoir. The new raw water pumps will be driven by 500 horsepower electric motors for the 10 MGD
capacity or 800 lip for the 15 MGD capacity.
A new raw water pump station will be built as a part of the reservoir with a design capacity of 8.0 MGD to
pump water front the reservoir to the water treatment plant. This pump station will convey water through
16,300 linear feet of new 30" raw water line to water treatment plant. Figure 7 shows the proposed reservoir
and associated improvements.
2.1.0.2. Lower Crooked Run Creels
The second potential Crooked Run Creel( reservoir site is identified as the Lower Crooked Run Creek site.
This alternative would have a darn located just upstream of Mooney Road. The dam would be approximately
2,200 feet long with a height of 70 feet and a top elevation of 890 feet MSL. The reservoir full pool
elevation will be 880 feet MSL and forms a reservoir with a surface area of approximately 220 acres.
For this alternative the existing CCW raw water intake would also be upgraded to provide new pumps
designed to pump to the new reservoir. These new pumps will have a capacity of either 10.0 MGD (6,950
gpm) or 15.0 MGD (10,450 gpm) depending upon the scenario selected as previously discussed. The pumps
will convey water from the existing intake through 8,700 linear feet of new 36" raw water line to the
reservoir. The new raw water punips will be driven by 450 horsepower electric motors for the 10 MGD
capacity or 750 hp for the 15 MGD capacity.
A new raw water pump station will be built as a part of the reservoir with a design capacity of 8.0 MGD to
pump water from the reservoir- to the water treatment plant. This purnp station will convey water through
6,500 linear feet of new 30" raw water line to water treatment plant. figure 8 shows the proposed reservoir
and associated improvements.
2.10.3. Knob Creels Side Stream Reservoir
This alternative consists of the construction of a reservoir on Knob Creek. Knob Creek currently serves as a
tributary to the CCW raw water intake with the intake being located at the confluence of Knob Creel( and the
First Broad River. The reservoir would be formed by constructing a dam across Knob Creek approximately
3,500 linear feet upstream of the confluence, with the First Broad River. The dam would be approximately
2,000 feet in length with a height of 65 feet and forms a 498 acre reservoir at the full pool elevation of 860
feet ins]. The drainage area of the proposed Knob Creek Reservoir is approximately 35 square miles.
Like the other side stream alternatives for this alternative the existing CCW raw water intake would also be
upgraded to provide new pumps designed to pump to the new reservoir. These new prunes will have a
capacity of either 10.0 MGD (6,950 gpm) or 15.0 MGD (10,450 gpm) depending upon the scenario selected
as previously discussed. The pumps will convey water from the existing intake through 7,200 linear feet of
new 36" raw water line to the reservoir. The new raw water pumps will be driven by 400 horsepower
electric motors for the 10 MGD capacity or 700 hp for the 15 MGD capacity.
A new raw water pump station will be built as a part of the reservoir with a design capacity of 8.0 MGD to
pump Water from the reservoir to the water treatment plant. mis pump Station Will convey water through
21

3,300 linear feet of new 30" raw water line to water treatment plant. Figure 9 shows the proposed reservoir
and associated improvements.
2.10.4. Summary — Pumped Storage (Side Stream) Reservoir
For each of the side stream reservoir alternatives the amount of available usable storage, regt►ired minimum
release and the pumping rate to fill the reservoir from the First Broad River have a major impact on the safe
yield. Modeling of each alternative was completed and the safe yield for each computed for pumping rates
of both 10 MOD and 15 MGD to provide a range of safe yields as previously discussed. Water quality
associated with the side stream reservoir has been raised as a concern because of the smaller natural inflow
associated with the smaller drainage areas, depth of the reservoir, and the detention time or turnOVer of the
reservoir. `rhe following table compares the various components of each of the three side stream reservoirs,
Table 2. Comparison of Side Stream Reservoir Alternatives
22
Upper
Lower
Item
Crooked Run
Crooked Run
Knob Creek
Creek
Creek
Drainage Area (square miles)
5.7
6.
35
Depth at Dam (feet)
100
70
65
Pull Pool Elevation (msl)
960
880
860
Surface area at Pull Pool (acres)
647
212
494
[square feet]
[28,270,440]
[9,452,520]
[21,692,880]
Storage volume (million gallons)
6,367
1,887
2,521
[cubic feet]
[851,089,427]
[252,239,005]
[336,987,034]
Average depth (feet)
30.1
26.7
15.5
Safe yield (MGD) @r7, 10.0 MGD
11.6
6.4
63
pumping rate
Safe yield (MGD) (D 15.0 MGD
12.7
6.8
7.5
pumping rate
Maxinnrm reservoir release (cfs)
9.8 [6.3]
108 [6.5]
60 [38.8]
[MSL]
Trigger # 1 - 70% volume (msl)
947.1
870.1
855.8
Trigger #2 - 30% volume (nisi)
941.4
860.1
850.1
Trigger 113 - conservation pool (msl)
928.2
849.8
842.4
Residences Impacted
7
3
2
Wetland natural systems (acres)
12
0.052
15.2
Length of river /streams impacted
8.33
3.53
9.76
(miles)
22

Only the Upper Crooked Run Creek alternative provides a safe yield in excess of the projected average daily
demand of CCW as calculated in the Purpose and Need Report. The Lower Crooked Run Creek alternative
and and Knob Creek alternative would not meet the project's purpose and need; therefore, these alternatives
are eliminated from further consideration.
Based upon the safe yield modeling and the other various components analyzed including wetland and
stream impacts it is recommended that only the Upper Crooked Run Creek side stream storage alternative be
carried forward for the project. This reservoir has the capability to meet the projected future water supply
demands of CCW. The safe yield of the reservoir will be dependent upon the final pumping rate selected
fi•om the First Broad River, reservoir operational levels, and minimum release form the reservoir. The
minimum release and the reservoir operational levels should be determined following consultation and
negotiation with the NCDENR DWR, Division of Water Quality, US EPA and other resource agencies. ']'his
alternative appears to meet the project's purpose and need and will be carried forward for further analysis.
Preliminary cost estimates for this alternative are provided in Appendix B.
3. Summary
A list of initial alternatives and options was considered for the proposed project. Those that did not meet the
purpose and need and/or were not considered practicable were eliminated from further consideration.
Alternatives initially considered but dismissed are listed below:
• No Action [ ' Note: While the No Action Alternative was eliminated, it will provide a basis for
comparing the potential impacts and benefits of the alternatives carried forward for additional
evaluation in the DEIS.]
• Increase withdrawal at the existing First Broad River intake
• Utilize groundwater
• Conserve water
• Utilize recycled treated wastewater
• Construct additional finished water storage tanks
• Construct a reservoir on the First Broad River: Site B
• Purchase water (or capacity) from existing water purveyors:
- Town of Kings Mountain
- City of Hickory
- I3road River Water Authority
• Construct a side stream reservoir (pumped storage) utilizing the First Broad River:
- Lower Crooked Run Creek
- Knob Creek
"file following alternatives would meet the requirements of the project purpose and need, Based upon the
discussion and evaluations contained in this report, the following alternatives will be carried forward for
additional evaluation in the DINS.
Construct a reservoir on the First Broad River: Site A (applicant's preferred alternative)
Purchase water (or capacity) fi•onl existing water purveyors:
- City of Shelby
-Town of Forest City
Utilize the Broad River as an additional water source
23

F- ice'- -,..
• Construct a side stream reservoir (pumped storage) utilizing the first Broad River:,�r
- Upper Crooked Run Creek
4. References Cited
Greer, K.B. 2008. City of Hickory. Letter to Clyde E. Smith, Jr., Manager, Cleveland County Water,
December 29, 2008.
Howell, R. 2011. City of Shelby. Letter to Clyde E. "Butch" Smith, Jr., Manager, Cleveland County Water,
March 15, 2011.
Hunnicutt, M.S, 2008. Broad River Water Authority. Letter to Cleveland County Water, December 31,
2008.McGill Associates. May 2004. Environmental Assessment for the Proposed First Broad River
Reservoir. Cleveland County, NC. Asheville, NC.
MUrphrey, R. 2009. City of Kings Mountain. Letter to Clyde E. Smith, .Ir., Manager, Cleveland County
Water, January 15, 2009,
North Carolina Association of County Commissioners. 2007. Legislative Bulletin #07 -25. July 12.
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources. 2007.
Local Water Supply Plans. [Web I'agcsj Located at:
http / /wwvv.ncwatei�ort7 Water Supper Plannin Local Water SLI ?j ly Y an /searclt..}�hp. Accessed:
May 31, 2011.
North Carolina Division of Water Resoln'CCS (NCDWR). April 1989. Cleveland County Water Supply
Survey.
Reeder, "T. 2010. NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources.
Letter to Henry Wicker, Project Manager, Regulatory DlVisioll, US Army Corps of Engineers, April
23, 2010.
Setter, Britt, 2007. NCDENR Division of Environmental Health, Public Water Supply Section. Personal
communication with B. Smith (CCSD) [I mail] on October 4.
Sunmmey, Jr., C. 2010. Town of Forest City. Letter to Clyde E. "Butch" Smith, Jr., Manager, Cleveland
County Water, March 9, 2010.
24

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Appendix A: Modeling Methodology

CE
First Broad River Hydrology Model
In the development of the Draft Environmental Impact Statelllcnt (DINS) for the proposed First Broad River
Reservoir, all reasonable alternatives to the proposed action were addressed. Cleveland County Water
currently utilises a 11111-Of-the river type raw water intake oil the First Broad River and is dependent upon
natural stream flows to supply the required raw water supply to the water treatment plant. A number of the
proposed alternatives also utilize 1-1.111-of-the river type intakes. Therefore an analysis of stream flows in both
the First Broad River and the Broad River was necessary to properly evaluate each alternative. A hydrology
model for both the First Broad River and the Broad River was developed to serve as a tool to analyze both
the current conditions as well as selected alternatives. Software options for the development of the model
were evaluated and the OASIS sinullation software (Operational Analysis and Simulation of integrated
Systems) with OCljm (Operations Control Language) developed by HydroLogics, Inc. was selected as the
analysis platform. It should be noted that the North Carolina Department of I;nvironnient and Natural
Resources, Division of Water Resources (DWR) has also selected the OASIS software as the basinwide
water supply analysis tool.
Historical strcanl flows for the specific study site form the foundation for the OASIS program. USGS
maintains a number of stream flow gauges in the project study area both on the First Broad River and the
Broad River. There are a number of active gauges as well as a few that have been decommissioned, but
historical data is available. This historical stream flow data from USGS covers the period of 1940 to date
and has been analyzed and incorporated into the OASIS model for both the First Broad River and the Broad
River. This historical data provides the input for stream flows utilized in the model and is used to analyze
selected alternatives. It was assumed that historical stream flows are representative of future stream flows
and are applicable to analyze the various alternatives.
`rhe impacts of global climate change have been discussed as a part of these modeling efforts. Some
agencies and experts predict that global climate change may have an adverse Impact oil future stream flows
and precipitation patterns. While no efforts have been made in this analysis of alternatives to address global
climate change impacts fUtUre additional modeling Could be undertaken to address these concerns. One such
Option Would be to introduce a percentage reduction of strearil flows to simulate the potential impacts of
global climate change.
The first use of the model was to analyze current stream flow conditions at the Cleveland County Water
First Broad River run -of -river intake. The analysis Was run to determine if there is adequate ill- stream flow
to meet the Cleveland County Water projected water supply demands. This analysis determined the
percentage of tinge, or number of clays, over the period of record when flows in the First Broad River are
insufficient to meet the projected demands of Cleveland Comity Water as well as any projected in- stream
flow requirements. Model results over the 25,051 day model period (68 years) indicates that 6.5% of the
time (1,623 out of 25,051 days) both the in- stream flow of 71.6 efs (46.27 MGD) and Cleveland County
Water demands cannot be met. This percentage drops to 0.7% (180 out of 25,051 days) when the in- stream
flow is dropped to 36.4 efs (23.52 MGD).
The key element associated with the modeling is the minimum flow -by requirement, or in- strcanl flow,
required for the First Broad River or Broad River. The DWR, at the request of Cleveland County Water,
completed an update of an existing in- stream (liabitat) model for the First Broad River originally completed
in 1992. Utilizing the habitat model, m coll)Lillction with the First Broad River hydrologic model, and

y
consultation With VarIOLIS reSOUrces agencies, DWR established a desired goal for a minimum in- stream
flow. One option acceptable to DWR is to maintain an in- stream Mow of 71.6 efs (46.27 MGD) downstream
Of the Cleveland County Water intake should the proposed first Broad River Reservoir be constructed. This
nlininlurn in- stream flow may be reduced to 36.4 cfs (23.52 MGD) during low flow periods provided
Cleveland COUnty Water implements water restrictions for the customer's of the water system.
The second in- stream flow, or minimum release scenario and the scenario preferred by DWR, is one that is
based upon a percentage of inflow into the selected alternative reservoir and the amount of available storage
being utilized. With this option DWR recommends the following:
• `Pier 41 Outflow = 100% of inflow if reservoir storage > 70% of total usable storage
• "Tier 42 Outflow = 95% of inflow if reservoir storage > 30% but < 70% of total usable storage
• Pier #3 Outflow = 90% of inflow if reservoir storage < 30% of total usable storage
For those alternatives that include the construction of reservoirs, topographic information from USGS and
Cleveland County Geographic Information System LIDAR topographic information were utilized to
compute the estimated total storage volume for each reservoir. Surface areas at various elevations were
computed and used to determine the total storage and to develop stage /storage curve relationships for each
reservoir. The stage /storage relationship is defined as the amount of total storage at a specific elevation.
Once these stage /storage relationships were developed modeling trigger elevations were computed for each
Of the alternatives that include reservoirs. For the purpose of the modeling the aSSLllllpti011 has been made
that 30% of the total estimated reservoir volume will be set aside and not be used for water supply. This set
aside volume serves both as a conservation pool and it pool for sediment deposition Which would lessen the
available storage over tinge. The conservation pool volume was not utilized in the modeling of the selected
reservoir alternative and is reserved for emergency conservation measures. Setting aside and LitlliZing the
30% conservation pool, trigger elevations for each of the alternative modeling efforts was developed.
"I'lle OASIS model includes assumptions as to withdrawals at various points on the First Broad River as well
as models any returns due to Wastewater discharges and the impact of additional Surface flows fi•onl stream
tributaries. The following diagram illustrates the various inputs and points of interest for the First Broad
River model.
N

OASIS Model Schematic
CCSD WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
ino" to node 11
casar lbw x 70180.5 1 Knob Creek Reservoir
CCSD Demand
tretlsjers«N0eninmW100 CUD Mtn Rdease
> 71. cts
tIS 401 11 els min nwn Rwt requited in this ate
i CCSD Intake ,00
Affr,��
d
InMw to twdo 100 Casar now x 1!0!00.5 T1:0 CIe mNimum ix(requifed >r
Terminal
For the pumped storage or side stream alternatives the amount of water withdrawn From the First Broad
River and pumped to the side stream reservoir has the most significant impact on the safe yield of each
alternative. Higher pumping (withdrawal) rates result in increased safe yields. However the higher pumping
rates require larger pumps and increased energy and operational cost.
In order to provide a range of safe yield values for each alternative, two pumping scenarios were modeled.
The first scenario assumes that 10.0 MGD (6,950 gpm) will be pumped from the First Broad River when
flows in the river are such that the minimum in- stream flow of 71.6 cfs may be maintained. The 10 MGD
(6,950 gpm) pumping rate was selected based on previous in- stream flow modeling for the First Broad
River in which the NCDENR DWR granted permission to Cleveland County Water to withdraw up to 10
MGD with no minimum required in- stream flow downstream of the existing raw water intake. With the
second scenario the pumping (withdrawal) rate was increased to 15.0 MGD (10,500 gpm).
For the various modeling scenarios it was assumed that when flow in the First Broad River is above the
threshold of 71.6 cfs that the flow will first be pumped to the Cleveland County Water water treatment plant
at a rate necessary to meet the demand of the plant and then be pumped to the side stream reservoir at the
rate indicated for the scenarios. The Cleveland County Water demands at the WTP are met both from direct
pumping from the First Broad River and withdrawal from the side stream reservoirs.
The final input parameter for the modeling effort was the projected demands of Cleveland County Water.
The Purpose and Need report for the project projected the 2060 Cleveland County Water average daily
water demand to be 7.91 MGD with a peak daily demand of 11.51 MGD. The average daily demand of 7.91

m
MGD was Used as initial illput f01' file n)Odel. TO aCCOWIt f01' tile potential f01' reduced demand as a result of
water conscr'vation efforts the average daily demand was decreased to 7.12 MG 1) (a 10% reduction) when
Cleveland County Water imposes voluntary water conservation measures. This flow Ieduction is triggered
in the model when the reservoir pool level reaches trigger #1.
The flow was once again reduced to 6.41 MGD (all additional 10% reduction) when Cleveland County
Water implements mandatory water restrictions. As with the voluntary restrictions this reduction is triggered
in the model when the pool level reaches trigger #2.
The following table pl'ovides information and trigger elevations used for the hydrology model for each of
the reservoir alternatives.
]EtClil �
First Broad
River
Upper
Lower
Reservoir Site
Crooked Run
Crooked Run
Knob Creek
"A„
Creek
Creels
D►•ainage area (square miles)
146 —
5.7
6.9
35
Surface area @ full pool
W
(acres)
1,020
649
217
498
Depth fir,) dam
70
100
70
_ 65 _
Storage volume (gallons)
6,909,291,850
6,367,000,000
1,887,000,000
2,521,000,000
MaXillllnll reservoir release
__. 60___
(cfs)
250
9.8
10.8
Full pool elevation
856
960
----------- _ --
880
860
l I Igbel' #I Elevation (70%
�- - - --�`
Usable volume)
851.1
947.1
870, I
855.8
"I'rig;er #2 Elevation (30%
- - --
Usable volume)
842.9
941.4
860.1
850.1
Trigger #3 Elevation (top of
_
T
..842..4,.._.._
conservation pool)
834.6
928.2
849.8
Upon the completion of the stage /storage relationships and the operational trigger elevations for each
reservoir alternative, the hydrology model was I'un for each of the Ieservoir alternatives far both of the
minin -ni 1 ill- str'calll flow scenarios acceptable to DWR (71.6 efs and the percentage of inflow scenal'ios).
The model was run to determine the "safe yield" of each alternative. Safe Yield is defined as the withdrawal
or flow to a water treatment facility that results in the reservoir level dropping to the low trigger' level one
time during the simulation period. hl the case of the DEIS modeling the period of analysis is 68 year's,
therefore the safe yield can be defined as the 68 year safe yield.
The results of each reservoir modeling effort are; more fully described in the appropriate section of the
Preliminary Alternatives Report.
4

Appendix B: Cost

first broad river reservoir I Sjulyl I.xisx 7/21/2011
CCW FIRST• UROAD RIVER RESE,11VOIR
ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS
FIRST BROAD RIVER RESERVOIR
ESTIMAITA) PROJECT COSTS
ITEM
DESCRIPTION
QUANTITY
I UNIT
UNIT PRICE
TOTAL
1
Mobilization
1
LS
$900,000
$900,000
2
land Purchase
1,425
Acres
$7,500
$10,687,500
3
Property/home relocations
9
Each
$325,000
$2,925,000
4
Reservoir Clearing & Grubbing
1,200
Acre
$3,000
$3,600,000
5
Erosion Control Measures
1
LS
$5,000,000
$5,000,000
6
Stream Mitigation
64,600
LF
$340
$21,964,000
7
Other Environmental Mitigation
1
I,S
$10,000,000
$10,000,000
8
Power Une Relocation
2.10
Mile
$325,000
$682,500
9
Dam Earthwork
1
Lump Sum
$4,950,000
$4,950,000
10
Reservoir Outlet Structure
I
Lump Sum
$4,600,000
$2,900,000
11
Reservoir Emergency Spillway
l
Lump Sum
$2,200,000
$2,200,000
12
Roadway Impacts/relocations and
Mitigation 6.00
Mile
$350,000
S2,100,000
13
Bridge/Culvert Replacements
8
Each
$650,000
$5,200,000
Sub -total
$73,109,000
Contingencies
$10,966,400
Lngineering
$6,579,800
Construction Administration
$4,386,500
Legal
$658,000
TOTAL
$95,699,700
first broad river reservoir I Sjulyl I.xisx 7/21/2011

CCW FIRST BROAD RIVER RESERVOIR
ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS
PURCHASE WATER
FROM
CITY OF SHELBY
ESTIMATED PROJECT COSTS
ITEM
DESCRIP'T'ION
QUANTITY
UNIT
UNIT PRICE
TOTAL
I
Mobilization
I
LS
$425,000
$425,000
2
16" DIP Water Line
14,800
LF
$120
$1,776,000
3
12" DIP Water Line
117,500
LF
$95
$11,162,500
4
Roadway /Creek Crossings
2,000
1117
$475
$950,000
5
16" Valves
4
Each
$12,000
$48,000
6
12" Valves
12
Each
$7,500
$90,000
7
Air Relaease Valve
5
Each
$4,500
$22,500
8
Fire Hydrant Assembly
90
Each
$3,200
$288,000
9
Pavement Repairs
66,200
LF
$45
$2,979,000
10
Shelby Connection Pump Station near
PPG (1,400 gpm capacity)
1
Lump Sum
$325,000
$325,000
11
Shelby Connection Pump Station near
Highway 18 (2,100 gpm capacity)
1
Lump Sum
$425,000
$425,000
12
Pump Station Mooresboro to Polkvillo
zones (1,400 gpm capacity)
1
Lump Sum
$425,000
$425,000
13
Pump Station 18 to Bellwood zones
(1,400 gpm capacity)
1
bump Sum
$325,000
$325,000
14
].,and Purchases Water Lines /Pump
Stations
6
Parcels
$35,000
$2I0,000
15
500,000 gallon elevated tank
Mooresboro
I
Lump Sum
$950,000
$950,000
16
Master meter pits with SCADA
2
Lump Sutn
$75,000
$150,000
17
SCADA hnprovements
I
Each
$225,000
$225,000
sub-total
$20,776,000
Contingencies
$3,116,400
Engineering
$1,869,800
Construction Administration
$1,246,600
Legal
$187,000
sub -total
$27,008,800
Purchase 4 MCYD Treatment Plant
Capacity from City of Shelby
4,000,000
Per Gallon
$4.25
$17,000,000
Purchase 33% of the City of Shelby
Broad River Raw Water Intake facilities
0.33
Project Cost
$4,200,000
$1,386,Ofl0
TOTAL
$45,394,800

7/21/2011 forest city connection option.xls
CCW FIRST BROAD RIVER RESERVOIR
ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS
PURCHASE WATER FROM TOWN
OF FOREST CITY
ESTIMATED PROJECT COSTS
ITEM
DESCRIPTION
QUANTITY
UNIT
UNIT 1'I210E
TOTAL
I
Mobilization I
LS
$425,000
$425,000
2
16" DIP Water Line 58,200
LF
$120
$6,984,000
3
12° DIP Water Line 104,100
LF
$95
$9,889,500
4
Roadway /Creek Crossings 1,200
LF
$450
$540,000
5
Pavement Repairs 12,500
LF
$45
$562,500
6
16" Valves 6
Each
$12,000
$72,000
7
12" Valves 12
Each
$7,500
$90,000
8
Air Relaease Valve 8
Each
$4,500
$36,000
9
Fhe Hydrant Assembly 30
Each
$3,200
$96,000
10
Forest City to Mooresboro Tank pump 1
Lump Sum
$750,000
$750,000
station (2800 gpm capacity)
11
500,000 gallon elevated tank @ 1
Lump Sum
$550,000
$950,000
Mooresboro
12
Master meter pit with SCADA I
lump Sum
$75,000
$75,000
13
Land Purchases Water Lines /Pump 9
Parcels
$35,000
$315,000
Stations
14
Pump Station Mooresboro to Polkville I
Lump Sum
$375,000
$375,000
zones (1,400 gpm capacity)
15
SCADA Improvements 1
lump Sum
$225,000
$225,000
16
CCW Water Distribution System I
Lump Sum
$1,000,000
$1,000,000
Improvements
sub -total
$22,385,000
Contingencies
$3,357,800
Engineering
$2,014,700
Construction Administration
$1,343,100
Legal
$201,500
sub -total
$29,100,600
Purchase 4 MGD'Treatment Plant
Capacity from Forest City 4,000,000
Per Gallon
$4.25
$17,000,000
Purchase 33% of the Forest City
Broad River Raw Water Intake
facilities 0.33
Project Cost
$15,500,000
$5,115,000
TOTAL
$51,215,600
7/21/2011 forest city connection option.xls

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
CCW FIRST BROAD RIVER RESERVOIR
ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS
BROAD RIVER WATER TREATMENT PLANT ALTERNATIVE
ESTIMATED PROH,CT COSTS
DESCRIPTION
Mobilization
Raw Water Intake and Pump Station
Property
Raw Water Intake
Raw Water Pump Station
20" Raw Water Line to Water
Treatment Plant
Property for Water Treatment Plant
Off - stream stroage reservoir
4.0 MGD Water Treatment Plant
16" DIP Water line
12" DIP Water Line
500,000 gallon elevated tank
(Mooresboro)
16" Gate Valves
12" Gate Valves
Air Release Valve
Dire Hydrant Assembly
Pavement Repairs
Bore & Jack Installations
Directional Drill Installations (crock
crossings)
Creek and River Crossings(open cut)
Crossing I- irst Broad River (open cut)
CCW Booster Pump station
(Mooresboro to Polkville tank)
CCW Booster Pump station
(Mooresboro to Patterson Springs tank)
Master Meter Vault
SCADA Improvements
QUANTITY
I UNIT
PNIT PRIG
II's
$800,000
10 Acre
$25
1 Lump Sum
$1,400,000
1 Lump Sum
$2,500,000
3,500 LF
$70
50 Acre
$25,000
1 Lump Sum
$2,750,000
4,000,000 Gallon
$7.50
13,600 LF
$120
78,600 LF
$85
500,000 Gallon
$1.75
5 Each
$11,500
12 Each
$7,500
8lEach
$4,500
80 Each
`}3,800
75,000 IT
$40
400 I.,F
$135
600 LF
$480
400 LF $650
125 LF $650
1 Each $450,000
1 Each $350,000
I Each $75,000
1 Each $450,000
TOTAL
$800,000
$250
$1,400,000
$2,500,000
$245,000
$1,250,000
$2,750,000
$30,000,000
$1,632,000
$6,681,000
$875,000
$57,500
$90,000
$36,000
$304,000
$3,000,000
$54,000
$288,000
$260,000
$81,250
$450,000
$350,000
$75,000
$450,000
sub -total
$53,629,000
Contingencies
$8,044,400
i ngincering
$4,826,600
Construction Administration
$3,217,700
Legat
$482,700
"TOTAL
$70,200,400

upper crooked run creek reservoir I Sjuly I Lxlsx 7/21/2011
CCW FIRST BROAD RIVER RESERVOIR
ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS
UPPER CROOKED RUN CREEK RESERVOIR
ESTIMATED PROJ1,CT COSTS
ITEM
DESCRIPTION
QUANTITY
I UNIT
UNIT PRXCF
TOTAL
1
Mobilization
1
LS
$900,000
$900,000
2
l,tnzd Purchase
690
Acres
$7,500
$5,175,000
3
Property/home relocations
7
Each
$325,000
$2,275,000
4
Reservoir Clearing & Grubbing
650
Acre
$3,000
$1,950,000
5
Erosion Control Measures
1
1.18
$2,000,000
$2,000,000
6
Stream Mitigation
44,000
LP
$340
$14,960,000
7
Other Environmental Mitigation
I
LS
$5,000,000
$5,000,000
8
Power Line Relocation
0.00
Mile
$325,000
$0
9
Darn Earthwork
1
Lump Sum
$9,350,000
$9,350,000
10
Reservoir Outlet Structure W/Pump Station to
WTP
I
Lump Sum
$2,100,000
$2,900,000
11
Reservoir Emergency Spillway
I
Lump Sum
$750,000
$750,000
12
Existing Intake Upgrade
I
Lump Sum
$1,400,000
$1,400,000
13
36" Raw Water Line to Reservoir
19,500
LP
$180
$3,510,000
14
24 "Raw Water Line from Reservoir to WIT
13,000
LF
$150
$1,950,000
15
Roadway Impacts/relocat ions and Mitigation
2.00
Mile
$350,000
$700,000
16 Bridge /Calved Replacements
3 ]: :ach
$650,000
$1 X950,000
Subtotal
$54,770,000
Contingencies
$8,215,500
Engineering
$4,929,300
Construction Administration
$3,286,200
t.e .aal
$492,900
T'OT'AL.
$71,693,900
upper crooked run creek reservoir I Sjuly I Lxlsx 7/21/2011

Appendix C: Correspondence

I KINGS MOUNTAIN I
January 15, 2009
Clyde B. Smith, Jr.
Manager
Cleveland County Water
439 Casar Lawndale Road
PO Box 788
Lawndale, NC 28090
RE: December 290i, 2008 McGill Associates Questions
Dear Butch:
In response to the seven questions contained i.n that letter I would like to offer:
•
What are the projected demands for Kings Mountain for the same period and have
they been revised to show the impact of Southern Power?
The projected demands have not been revised, however given the demand of our
current customers there is adequate capacity.
• Does Moss Lake have adequate eVaci!X in the time of drought to meet Kings
Mountain's ro'ected demand lus the new demand for South— 12.5
MGD based upon. the news a or article minimum release and other uses?
Yes, based on our permitted withdrawal, safe yield and the actual Southern Power
proposed power plant facility. The newspaper article did not contain accurate
details regarding the sources and quantities to meet these demands on a regular
basis. We will still be able to supply the City's current customers and maintain
downstream release requirements.
Does Kings Mountain have a study. which they can Provide to CCW that verifies
the capacity of Moss lakes The study must include a model_ sunBar to the one
prepared for the First Broad River by CCW and be based upon historical stream
flow data.

• If there is adequate supply and treatment capacity, would the City of Kings
Mountain be willing to enter into an agreement with CCW in which the City
would agree to sell CCW up to 5.0 MOD during periods of drought?
The City is willing to sell this amount of water to CCW. 'l lxis is consistent with
past practices as Kings Mountain currently has a contract to provide water by way
of an existing connection on an as needed basis to reinforce CCW's supply and
pressure.
+ If the Gity can not commit to sunntving 5.0 MGD during periods of drought, how
much could you commit to supplying?
+ Please identi.fthe source of the excess capacity the City would be willing to sell.
The sources of excess supply currently include Moss Lake and the Ellison water
treatment plant to serve treated water. Future sources of excess supply would
include raw water from the proposed reservoir targeted for Muddy Creek.
• Identify those locations where CCW maypurchase the supply of finished water.
The location where CCW may purchase the supply of finished water is at the 12"
line near the Ellison water treatment plant. A pump would have to be installed.
• identify the hydraulic grade line at the proposed connection points.
The City works against 160 pounds of head pressure at the water treatment plant
when it pumps back to the City.
If I may be of additional service please do not hesitate to call.
Sincerely,
Rick Murphrey
Mayor
Cc. Marilyn Sellers, City Manager
Steve Killian, Director of Planning and Economic Development
John H. Moss

March 15, 2011
Mr. Clyde E. "Dutch" Smith, Manager
Cleveland County Water District
PO Box 788
Lawndale, NC 28090
Dear Butch:
NOlYC1't CAt2QL1NA,
Post Office Box 207 • Shelby, NC 28151 -0207
Office of the City Manager 1
Re: First Broad River
Proposed Reservoir Issues Discussion
Cleveland County, NC
The purpose of this letter is to follow up on our meeting from last week regarding issues of concern
previously expressed as well as the discussion of the City's willingness and ability to sell Finished Water
Treatment Capacity. Please find below a summary of the comments made by the Mayor and Mayor Pro
Tern at that meeting. The City of Shelby would tike for these specific concerns to be addressed in a legally
binding manner so as to protect the interests of our customers now and into the future. The First Broad
River has been the water supply of the City for over one hundred (100) years. The quality and quantity of
this valuable resource is of great importance to the City as the domestic water supply for our customers but
also for use by both business and industry. The City would respectfully request that each point be
addressed by the district in writing at the appropriate time.
1) The City of'Shelby is concerned about water quality and the potential for pollutants generated
from possible development around the water supply impoundment. The current watershed of the First
Broad River is largely undeveloped and the water quality is deented good. As such, the City is specifically
interested as to whether or not a suitable buffer zone of sufficient distance will be established from the
"full pond" elevation of the reservoir. It is important to the City that this buffer zone is adequately
controlled by Cleveland County Water and that it is fully protected from construction of any permanent
structures which would create an impervious surface and resulting run off'. Natural vegetative buffer
requirements are important both during construction of the reservoir and on into the fiitur�. The allowable
development density is also of concern as is the proliferation of septic systems in the watershed. The City
of Shelby is a downstream drinking water supplier and as such has concerns over what type or if any
recreational uses will be permitted on the reservoir. The City believes it would be appropriate to
investigate what if any impact recreational uses could have on water quality.
2) In 1999 WK Dickson & Company prepared an Engineering Study for the Cleveland County
litterconnections and Future Water Supply. A direct quote from this study is as follows: "Cleveland
County has adopted a policy to fully utilize all of the County's available water supplies before development
of new water resources ". The City of Shelby is permitted to withdraw 18.0 MGD from the First Broad,
and we have treatment capacity of 12.0 MGD with only about 4.8 MGD usage on average. We feel that
the interconnections detailed in this study should thoroughly be reviewed prior to construction of new
infrastructure for water treatment. In addition, any capacity issues now or in the future from Cleveland
County Water may be remedied by construction of one or more of the interconnections detailed in the
engineering study.
www.c.ityofslielby.com

Shelb
NORTH CAROLINA
Post Office Box 207 • Shelby, NC 28151 -0207
Office of the City Manager q
Page 2 — March 15, 2011
3) It is important to address downstream withdrawals and the amount of water that will be released
from the proposed First Broad River Reservoir project. As previously noted, the City of Shelby is
permitted downstream from the proposed reservoir to withdraw 18.0 MGD and has 12.0 MGD treatment
capacity. Furthermore, Section 2.9 Minimum Flow Requirements of the 1998 Broad River Basinwide
Water Quality Management Plait states that the City of Shelby must allow a release of 25 cubic feet per
second (25 efs) to ensure adequate downstream flows for aquatic life. The City of Shelby feels strongly
that if permitted, this reservoir must be required to release the 18.0 MOD permitted withdrawal by the City
of Shelby and an additional 25 efs to ensure that we can remain in compliance with the Basinwide Water
Quality Management flan and provide for future growth. It is important for us to know specific as to
whether these releases would be seasonal (i.e. during normal flows or whether they would also apply
during periods of low flow). It is also of interest as to what federal or state agency would have monitoring
and enforcement oversight to ensure that flows are released as required via any permits issued.
Furthermore, we would like to see some form of gauging station (preferably USGS monitored) be installed
downstream from the reservoir flows that are released to provide for stream monitoring to ensure flows are
released as required.
In response to your earlier email requesting consideration by the City of Shelby to allow the Cleveland
County Water District to purchase finished water treatment capacity from the City, it should be noted that
Council would give this consideration. As I noted previously, the City is willing to enter into a water
sales agreement with the District very similar to the one in place with the Town of Boiling Springs should
you decide to pursue that option. The City currently uses less than one half the capacity of the 12 ingd
available. The City is also willing to entertain the possible sale of water treatment plant capacity. This
would be contingent upon a review by the City Attorney, Bond Counsel and subsequently formal action
by City Council, Bond Counsel has informed me that there is nothing that would prohibit the sale of
capacity to the District.
The City has prided itself on fostering mutually beneficial partnerships over the past several years and
looks forward to working with the District in the future. Thank you for your time and attention to this
matter and we look forward to continued dialog about these matters. If you have any questions or need
any clarification about any of our concerns and comments, please don't hesitate to contact me at 704 -484-
6800.
Sin re ,
Sin
owell
City Manager
cc: Honorable Mayor W. Ted Alexander
Members of City Council
Robert Yelton, City Attorney
www.cityoRhelby.corn

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March 9, 2010
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Mr. Clyde )E. "Butch" Svaith, Manager
Cleveland County Water
Post Office Box 788
Lowndalo, forth Carolina 28090
RE, First Broad River Reservoir
Reservoir Models
Safe Yield Study
Dear Butch.
The purpose of this letter is to reiterate the willingness of the Town of Forest City to
discuss options and to negotiate agreements for regional water supply in the Rutherford and
Cleveland County areas with Cleveland County Water (CCWj I received a telephone tail from
Mr. Henry 'Wicker of the US Army Corps of Engineers and he has requested that the Town of
Forest City correspond with you and CCW as to regional solutions to future potable water
supplies.
The ',Gown of Forest City's existing water treatment plant has a design and permitted
capacity of 8.0 MGD and utilizes the Second Broad River as the source of raw water. A number
of the components of the plant have been designed for a capacity of 12.0 MGD and the plant can
be upgraded to a 12.0 MOD capacity by adding additional sedimentatim basins, addressing raw
water storage and/or pretreatment and the addition of filter underdrains, media and controls to
Ml two empty filter basins. Our current finished water demands are 2.50 MGD and the town has the
ability to sale up to the 4.0 MGD of finished water to CCW as previously requested,
The 'Town of Forest City has recognized the need for a future raw water supply to
supplement the Second Broad River for many years. Almost ten years ago now in recognition of
1► this fact the 'Town of Forest City identifred the Broad >Uver as the best solution for meeting the
future water supply needs of the town, and Rutherford County. We also believe that the Broad
River can and should serve as a regional solution for future water supplies. The Town has
secured ownership to two parcels on property in the RiverStone Industrial park for the
!- construction of these future water infrastructure improvements. The RiverStone industrial Park is
located adjacent to the Broad River and immediately upstream of US 221 and our future raw
water intake site is situated at a location where upstream wastewater discharges axe minimal. The town owns a 3.93 acre site for the future raw water intake and a X16.07 acre site designated for a
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future water. treatment plant. The reclassification of the Broad River to WS — IV water supply
watershed classification upstream of our intake site has been completed
The Town of Forest City has completed the envimumental assessment and design
engineering for a project to develop the Broad River as a supplemental source of raw water. This
project would consist of a new craw water intake and pump station on the Broad River and some
65,000 linear ;feet of raw water line to transmit raw water to our Vance Street Water Treatment
Plant.. An "'Authorization 'to Construct" (A to C) from the North Carolina Department of
Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Environmental Health, Publie Water Supply
Section has been issued for the project as well as a "Finding of No significant impact" (FONSO
associated with the environmental assessment The town is anxious to proceed with this much
needed project and recognize the importance of developing the Droad River as a water supply
given -th,6 increased interest of the Broad River by other patties and the. ever changing future
rejulations,
The Town of Forest City is seeking partners to join in the financing and. construction of
the Broad River mater supply. While we have currently planned to tmmport raw water from the
site to our Vance Street Plant we are not opposed to the construction of a new water treatment
Plant at the Brow River on the town's property. While wo .envision a new plant being owned,
Operated and managed by the Town of Forest City we are certainly open to some type of joint
ownership of the capacity from a new plant and a sharing in the. operation cost. Thu new plant
could be designed to serve those areas currently served in southern Rutherford County by the
Town of Forest City and could serve CCW service areas in Cleveland County.
Dtzo to changes in water supply demands over the past five (S) years and the loss of a
couple of significant water users the Town of Forest City is blessed to have a significant amount
Of reserve water supply capacity. As previously mentioned the Town of Forest City has in excess
of 4,0 MGD of excess capacity in our current Vance Street water plant and would be willing to
discuss a regional agreement with ccw to purchase some, or al :of this capacity as well as the
development of the Broad River as a future supplemental water supply. The Town of Forest City
has a long and successful history of regional cooperation with other water suppliers. We
currently sale water on a wholesale basin to the Town of Bostic, Town of Ellenboro, Aud
Concord Community Water System, In addition two other water systems that were served by the
town on a wholesale basis (Alexander Mills and Sandy Mush Water System) are now a part of
the Forest City System_ There are a number of locations where our two water systems are in
relative close proximity and interconnections could be made.
Tine Town of Forest City has always had a very strong finanew position and there are
currently no debts associated with the town's water and sewer fund. In fact we have a very strong
capital reserve fund for our system. Given the current excess capacity for our water Supply
system the need for the :immediate construction of'the Broad River water supply Project has been
placed on hold. However as previously stated we understand the need and urgency to develop the

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Broad River as a Public water supply and would welcome the opportunity to discuss a
Partnership between CCW and the Town of Forest City to develop the Broad River water supply.
The town brings significant resources to the table including property fox an intake and water
treatment facility as well as having completed a number of critical permitting steps that can delay
the development of new water supplies. Ive also Annly believe that the location of our proposed
MW water intake on the Broad River offers a number of advantages in that the site is situated
above the location of the Majority of aigaificaut wastewater dischaxges into the Broad River and
therefore has better raw water quality and the location below the confluence of the Green River
offer the opportunity to develop a water supply that should be more than adequate For the Town
Of Forest City, CCW as well as other regiowd suppliers.
Should you have any questions or would like to discuss the opportunities in mono detail
please give me a call.
cc: Henry Wicker, USACOE
Sincerely,
Town of Forest City
Charles R. Summey, H
Manager '
TOTAL P.04

City of Hickory
Post Office Box 398
Hickory, NC 28603.0398
Phone: (828),323-7477
Fax: (828),323-7403
email: kgree a7cihickory.nc,us
Public Utilities
December 29, 2006
Mr. Clyde E. Smith, Jr
Manager
Cleveland County Water
PO Box 788
Lawndale, NC 28090
RE: Finished Water Available for Cleveland County
Dear Mr. Smith:
The purpose of this correspondence is to respond to your letter dated December 4, 2008,
regarding water available for future purchases. Your letter requests response to sever) specific
questions and the responses below are in the same order to simplify review. Responses are as
follows:
1. The City of Hickory does have adequate capacity to provide the 5.0 MGD as requested;
however, the planning period of 2008 to 2060 is a large window of review and a lot of
outside influences could drastically affect this availability,
2. The City of Hickory does currently have existing Plant Capacity to meet this need;
therefore, no upgrades are projected or necessary at this time.
3. The City of Hickory currently.has adequate supply of Raw Water and Treatment Capacity
and would be willing to discuss a potential Water Contract, The City of Hickory would
desire that some usage be maintained on this infrastructure at all times. This request is
to ensure sufficient water quality, minimize residence time in lines and minimize the need
for line flushing during periods of lower use.
4. The City of Hickory cannot commit to reservations of 5.0 MGD capacity available at
anytime over the 52 -year planning window you have suggested. As previously stated, a
lot of factors influence this capacity availability such as, internal system growth,
mandated flushing through regulation and expanded requests for capacity from existing
Partners. Any capacity committed would have to be done so through contract
negotiations.
5. The City of Hickory constructed a 32 MGD Water Treatment Facility on Lake Hickory-
Catawba River in 1993. We currently provide 12.1 MGD on average and have 6.3 MGD
allocated through current contracts. At current water usage patterns, total contract
allocation usage along with City of Hickory direct customers would equate to a utilization
of 18.4 MGD.

Mr. Clyde Smith, Cleveland County Water
2of2
6. Connection points closest to Cleveland County Water Service Area would be at Cat
Square Road, near Lincoln County at NC Highway 10 or at Cooksville Fire Department
Road, along NC Highway 10.
7. The hydraulic grade line for this portion of the City of Hickory System would be 1340 feet.
This is the hydraulic grade line for the City of Hickory Banoak Water Tank.
Several other system wide issues will need to be discussed if this project in fact moves forward.
These topics include:
(1 ) Minimum purchase for water quality.
(2) Evaluation of existing infrastructure at connection points to ensure system ability
to supply water.
(3) Instantaneous flow rates, and
(4) Inter-basin transfer certificate.
The City of Hickory wishes you well with this strategic planning effort and we look forward to
assisting, If conditions merit. Should you have any questions or desire additional information,
please do not hesitate contacting me at kgreer(&ci.hickoU,nc,us or at 828 - 323 -7427.
Sincerely,
Kevin B. Greer, P.B.
Assistant Public Services Director, Public Utilities
PC: Mr. Mick Berry, City Manager
Mr. Chuck Hansen, PE, Public Services Director
Mrs. Andrea Surratt, Assistant City Manager
Mr. Warren Wood, Assistant City Manager
Mr. Bill Hilton, Water Treatment Plant ORC