SW7101013_HISTORICAL FILE_20101215

STORMWATER DIVISION CODING SHEET
POST -CONSTRUCTION PERMITS
PERMIT NO.'SW
DOC TYPE
❑ CURRENT PERMIT
❑ APPROVED PLANS
HISTORICAL FILE
COMPLIANCE EVALUATION INSPECTION
DOC DATE
YYYYMMDD
I

n
N
o
Scale:. —
project
Draw ng
rNr.
McCALLUM, P.C.
1808 Hayward Avenue
Chesapeake, Virginia 23325-0337
^pp o�ed Jon W. Ebbert, P.E. Date:
Nicholson's Point Development
Currituck, North Carolina
4/22110
Hand Auger Boring Location Plan q ° a w"9 1-10-12299NC
i Numbea.
.

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BORING NUMBER I'IA-1
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DATE DRILLED April 5.2010
Ut'°6- N'mur l Priem Aluisoua (AS'1'VI 1) 22161
1'RUJGCF NUMBER 10-12399NC
11.- Liquid Limit (AS'I AI U 1318)
PROJECT Nicholson's Point Development
rl.-Plastic Limit(AS'f\IUJ31%)
LOCATION Ctmitticl:,NorthCniolina
I'1— Plaslirilr Indec (AS T\I D4318)
NO— N,eeltl PasswL:l u_nusiul:(AS N11) 11.10)
MCCALLUNI TESTING LABORATORIES, INC.

DLPIII DI:SCRIPIION
(I. 1 .)
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6.0
DEPTH
(FT.)
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I.I.- Liquid Limit (AS I'\I D-1318)
PI.- Plastic Limil(AS I\1 U 1318)
PI- Plosucin Index(AS 'IAI 1).1318)
20u- Percent P;usiml a 1,NO •Sieve (AS I M D 1 N0)
I BAND AUGER RORIING RECORD
BORING NUDI Ill I1A-2
DA"I I•. DRILLED Apni 5, 2010
PRO,IEcTNUIMBE12 14 OTNNC
PROJGC_A, Nicholsolts Point Development
LOCATION Curriluck, Nronh Carolina
JWCALLUNI TLSTING L,ABORATOWES, INC.

DEPHI
(ET.)
a.n
2.0
5.5
DESCRIP FIO,N DEPTH
TVSh ItESIiLTS / REMARKS
11—CeR)�O c)y- Eta✓, = 317
o n' [5'flp eo SWOT= Z•8
n r.l\\II" \111 \'cla'2\'I11re S:Illd. IIImst, SC
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v - Stahilircd Gnnwdavrcr Lod Nlenm,ed in Wdl
V - I imalet Sttson al IIwit GTerm h ;uer Ix
.XIC?4- ,N:nmal Pncent Nlaistwd IASI NI D 22161
13.- Liquid Linut IAS'I'INI D •U ISI
Pi - PImlic Linlit(ASIAI D 1318I
PI- Pl:ulicil% IndcN(AS TN I D 4318)
-200- Pcicew P:minw, a 0200 Siege (AS'I'NI U 11 lo)
I HAND AUGER BORING RI'sCORD
BOItINC NI1MBI:'F2
IIA-1
DRILLED
April i, 2010
P RO.I EI; I' N II N I BE R
10-12299NC
PROJECT
Nicholson's Point Devclopment
LOCATION
Cttnntuck, North Carolina
I WCALLUN9 TESTING LABORATORIES, INC.

DEPIII DESCHIPIION DEPTH
it -I) Lp I,)
no ,I, Gllarri9 6(pv, AIppr,3v- 44
1'0
2.0
5.5
T I,SI It 1'.sl LFS/It[.NIA Rhs
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- 6
BORING 'rERMINA9' BDA 1' iS P P.Id' 1'
7
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— - Stmlum Change
Stabilized (iroundr,m<r Le%vI Measmed in \Nell
y - Estimated Seasonal I lieh Gmundwoo I.escl
- mnal.„K-,.nar... n,;:,1,..1 S�,t,p
NIC°6- Maltml Percent \Ioistme (AS'I \I D 22 16)
11.- Liquid Limit (AS'I N11).1315)
Pl- - Plastic Limi1(AS IN1 D 4119)
P1- Phslicih Take(AS I;U I) U IS)
-200- IYmcul Posing 1 Q00 Sicce (AS'l M D 11 10)
HAND AUGER BORING RECORD
BORING NUtNIBER
I1A-4
DATE DRILLED
April i, 2010
PROJECT NUINBEIt
10-122991NC
PROJECT
NICh01)011'S Point De3'e411nlem
LOCATION
Currituck, iN'oI'Ih Carolina
McCALL,UM TESTINC LABORATORIES, INC.

f North Carolina Secretary of State
Page I of I
North Carolina
Elaine F. Marshall DEPARTMENT OF THE
Secretary SECRETARY OF STATE
PO Box 29622 Raleigh, NC 27626-0622 i9t9i807-2000
Dale: 12/5/2010
Click here to:
View Document Filings I Sign Up for E-Notifications i
J Print apre-populated Annual Report Form I Annual Report Count I File an Annual Report I
Corporation Names
Name
Name Type
NC NC ROSE, L.L.C.
LEGAL
® NC ROSE, L.C.
HOME STATE
Limited Liability Company Information
SOSID:
1010071
Status:
Current -Active
Effective Date:
11/29/2010
Dissolution Date:
Annual Report Due Date:
4/15/2011
Citizenship:
FOREIGN
State of Inc.:
VA
Duration:
PERPETUAL
Registered Agent
Agent Name:
INCORP SERVICES, INC.
Office Address:
176 MINE LAKE COURT,
SUITE 100
RALEIGH NC 27615-6417
Mailing Address:
176 MINE LAKE COURT,
SUITE 100
RALEIGH NC 27615-6417
Principal Office
Office Address:
4001 S. MILITARY HIGHWAY
CHESAPEAKE VA 23321
Mailing Address:
P. O. BOX 6186
CHESAPEAKE VA 23323
Officers
Title:
MANAGER
Name:
EMIL VIOLA
Business Address:
4001 S. MILITARY HIGHWAY
CHESAPEAKE VA 23321
r_,
DEC 1 S 2010
trw,;_�r,16�
This website is provided to the public as a part of the Secretary of State Knowledge Base (SOSKB) system. Version:
2527
https://www.secretary. state.ne.us/corporations/Corp.aspx?Pitemld=8600203
12/5/2010

TRANSFER TAX A1Di1N1' SC IN 16L -AA
DAT&COLIBCIpR
Tax Calla3or Cortificaboo That No Delmgmt Texas
M Due. Data) j 17• LA_ gY.jq: CtMmdan
mpum,.a:600t d1e yeaar muDrriog txatiBndoo tlelb.
Prepared by:
Stephen R. Romine, Esquire
LeClairRyan
999 Waterside Drive, Suite 2525
Nor/yl tk Virginia 23510
11-C-D BOOK 1070PAGE 0001
11111011111011110111111
Doc To: 002112530006 TYPe: CAP
Recorded: 12/17/2008 at 03:54:05 PD
Fee AM: 328 130.00 Pepe I of a
E..1" Tex: if3 017.00
currltuck courts, elc /
Charlene Y Doadv Register of De ads
ex 1070 Po1-6 '� �.- fivE!"D
';,nN CAR0UNA D=E STAMPS
.TTACNED AND CANCELLED • r1_n�
Tor Parcel ID Number: 0059-000-0077-0000
Tax Parcel ID Number: 0039-000-0050-0000
Tax Parcel ID Number: 0059-000.0082-0000
That Parcel ID Number: 0059-0004083-0000
Tar Parcel ID Number: 0059-000.068A-0000
Tax Parcel ID Number: 0059-000-06821-0000
Consideration: $1.508,340.00
DEED OF BARGAIN AND SALE
Tl-f S DEFb ade this 1 1' day of December 2008, by and between BECKY W. OWENS
and husbandd, JA ES . EN nd DORIS M. WALKER. Widow, Grantors, and NC ROSE
L.C. d/b/a NC ROSE L.O. it 1 ability company, Grant=, whose mailing address
is: 4001 S. Military Highway, es --Pak,, a 2332,1.
That for and in consideration of the
other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and s!
the said party of the 9rsl part does hereby grant, ba
WARRANTY AND ENGLISH COVENANTS OF
described real property, to wit:
SEE ATTACHED EXHIBIT A
(310,00), cash in hand paid, and
'which is hereby acknowledged,
GENERAL
t , e following
DEC 1 5 2010

BOOK 107OPME0002
EXHIBIT A
LEGAL DESCRIPTION
PARCEL A
ALL THAT certain lot, piece or parcel of land, together with any buildings and
improvements thereon and the appurtenances thereunto belonging, situate, lying and
being in Crawford Township, Currituck County, North Carolina and being known,
nu ered and designated as Parcel A, as shown on that certain plat entitled "EXEMPT
S DI $ION PLAT PROPERTY OF BECKY W. OWENS AND JAMES N. OWENS,
, CURRITUCK COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA' dated
De ember 2 prepared by Engineering Services of Virginia, Inc., and recorded in
C�urr C� Public Registry Office in Plat Cabinet_ ,Slide I�—ta0.
ReTefenc'e i ad a narrow strip of land acquired by the current owner through a
consent dgm t ith t e Ballance Heirs recorded in Deed Book 709, Page 492.
Tract One (also as Pa cat I umber 0059-000-0077-0000)
All that certain tract or ar/oY/of la n n the "7 Acre Woods" property, which
property Is more particular c' ed a t "Fotxth Tract" on that certain deed dated
November 28, 1979, which de is or in �a )� Book 167 at page 97 of the
Currituck Public Registry.
Tract Two (also known as Tax Parcel ID Nu er 00 �0-0000)
All that certain tract or parcel of land known as th rrn T na t ous " property,
which property is more particularly described as the " ird c nth t certain deed
dated November 28, 1979, which deed is recorded in Deed ka» a a 97 of the
Currituck County Public Registry.
0

BOOK 9 07 QPAGE0003
Tract Three (also known as Tax Parcel ID Numbers: 0059-000-0082-0000 and 0059-
000-0083-0000)
All that certain tract or parcel of land shown and delineated as `+50.58 acres (Soles
Tract & Lot 3 — Walker Partitioning)" on that certain plat prepared by Seaboard
Surveying & Planning recorded in Plat Cabinet H, Slide 269, Currituck County Registry.

a
BOOK 107 OPA0004
The above -described propeRy is conveyed unto the said grantee expressly subject to
and together with the easements, covenants, conditions, restrictions, and reservations, if any,
of record affecting the said property and constituting constructive notice.
WITNESS the following signatures and seals.
�GLttf1_(SEAL)
BECKr.OW NS
OF VIRGINIA
to -wit:
e N,ofary Pu6}ie-pf the County and State aforesaid, certify that Becky W. Owens personally
came before, t�e,6u day and acknowledged the due execution of the foregoing inshument.
Witness
Registration Number: 2 I0746
-------------
It Jmm
pos q �eeo
Caemetweaw a tegetw
•10740
eenwtwnon96D M. cote
f 2� day of December, 2008.
Public

BOOK 10 ( OPAGE0005
(SEAL)
/IIIES N. OWENS
COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA
to -wit:
Public of the County and State aforesaid, certify that James N. Owens personally
day and acknowledged the due execution of the foregoing instrument,
x)nd and notarial seal, this the 120% day of December, 2008.
G
c•'.. 11>�•��� tary Public
.-< , a
My n Expires: 8
Registration Number: 07/0 n�
JDRAM 17. jam
1�► hde
CaOrrapar0slw p M00a0
210700
CanwnlMonWoft fto 30. 2010

BOON 107 nPmF1)00fi
(SEAL)
DOR(9M. WALKER, by her attomey-in-fact,
BECKY W.OWENS
COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA
CITY OF NORFOLK, to wit:
"I the undersigned Notary Public, do herebycertify that Becky W. Owens, Attomey-in-fact for
D hs alker, perscnally appeared before me this day and being by me duly swom, says that she
xecut a going and annexed instrument for and in behalf of Doris M. Walker and that this
au� ty to a and acknowledge said instrument is contained in an instrument duly executed,
ac wled filed for registration in the Office of the Register of Deeds of Currituck County,
Nortb_Caroli recorded on the 25th day of October, 2002, in Book 621, Page 134, and that this
it ant as x tKed on behalf of Doris M. Walker under and by virtue of the authority given by
said ins t grans er power of attorney', that the said Becky W. Owens acknowledged the due
execution fthef a ing d armcxed instrument for the purposes therein expressed for and in behalf
of the said aal.
max•.
.^S d an¢ nit se is the
1e day of December, 2008.
U
(SEAL)
tary
My n expires: 20Ja
Registration Number: _ 1 j2-/y 0
O
altos a ant!
1laltar I�ele
Carmatwaln of Vb9p
lw l
CoiMYWon 'rM fto >b ,1010 0

f��
NCDENR
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Division of Coastal Management
Beverly Eaves Perdue James H. Gregson Dee Freeman
Governor Director Secretary
February 16, 2010 1"; tk .rv:� rrr
Mr. George Wood
Environmental Professionals, Inc. DEC 15 2010
PO Box 3368
Kill Devil Hills, NC 27948
Re: Coastal Wetland Delineation Map for Modification to MP431-06
Dear Mr. Wood:
On February 15, 2010 our office received your letter requesting verification of two enclosed
copies of a plat regarding coastal wetland delineations for the Nicholson's Point project. This
project entails the modification of MP431-06 issued to Jim Owens.
I have reviewed the coastal wetland delineation plat that was drawn on February 4, 2010 and
find that the locations of the coastal wetlands on the plat match the locations that were delineated
and confirmed at our site meeting on December 3, 2009.
Please do not hesitate to contact me at our Elizabeth City office (252 264 3901) if you have any
questions regarding this letter or the permitting process.
Sincerely,
Ron Renaldi
Coastal Management Representative
cc: Frank A. Jennings, 111, District Manager, DCM, Elizabeth City
1367 US 17 South. Elizabeth City, NC 27909
Phone: [phone] FAX: [phone] ; Internet: w .nccoastalmanagement.net
An Equal opportunity 1 Affirmative Action Employer
NorthCarolina
Natura!!Y

PEACOCK VENTURES, LLC
Carl D. Peacock, Jr.
C.P.S.S., N.C.L.S.S., A.O.S.E. and Consulting Soil Scientist
508 Aylesbury Drive
Chesapeake, Virginia 23322-9100
Phone and Fax - 757.482.7579
CLIENT: W. P. Burkhimer, Jr., P.E.
Engineering Services, Inc.
3351 Stoneshore Road
Virginia Beach, VA 23452
DATE SERVICES PROVIDED FEE*
09/13/06 Detailed Soil Feasibility Study of $ 1650.00
100+/_ Acre Tract in Currituck County
North Carolina know as Nicholson's
Point Adjacent To Coinjock Bay
R0EG[ 7u a 7a,I
DEC 15 2010
Pilfie Q-wf u66 1
* PAYMENT IN FULL DUE UPON RECEIPT OF THIS INVOICE. FEES OF
$35.00 AND INTEREST OF 2 PERCENT ON THE UNPAID BALANCE PER
MONTH WILL BE ASSESSED AFTER 30 DAYS.

Detailed Soil Feasibility Study Of A 100+/- Acre Tract
Located East Of Highway NC 168 And West Of Coinjock Bay
Currituck County, North Carolina
This tract is located east of Highway INC 168 and west of Coinjock Bay in
Currituck County, North Carolina. It is approximately 100+/- acres in size. A
summary of the soils found on this tract are discussed below.
SOILS
Soil Type 1A (Altavista) — This soil is moderately well drained and has a
seasonal high water table between 18 and 36 inches below the surface. Slope
ranges from 0 to 3 percent. The surface texture is sandy loam about 8 inches
thick. It is dark grayish brown. The subsurface texture is sandy loam and is pale
brown and light yellowish brown. The subsoil texture is sandy clay loam in the
upper part with an estimated Ksat rate of 11.0 to 13.0 centimeters per day or an
estimated perk rate of 30 to 45 minutes per inch. It is yellowish brown and strong
brown. The lower subsoil, usually below 24 inches, is sandy clay loam and clay
loam with an estimated Ksat rate of 11.0 to 13.0. centimeters per day or an
estimated perk rate of 30 to 45 minutes per inch. It is yellowish brown with
mottles in shades of gray and red. The substratum, below 48 inches, is loamy
sand, loamy fine sand, sand and fine sand with an estimated Ksat rate of greater
than 17.5 centimeters per day or an estimated perk rate faster than 15 minutes
per inch. It is mottled in shades of gray, white, yellow and red.
Soil Type 2A (Augusta) — This soil is somewhat poorly drained and has a
seasonal high water table between 12 and 18 inches below the surface. Slope
ranges from 0 to 2 percent. This soil may be ponded for prolonged periods of
time during the winter months or at any time following prolonged rains or
precipitation events and is found in drainageways. The surface texture is sandy
loam about 10 inches thick. It is black. The subsoil texture is loam, sandy clay
loam and clay loam with an estimated Ksat rate of 5.0 to 13.0 centimeters per
day or an estimated perk rate of 30 to 80 minutes per inch. It is gray, dark gray
and dark grayish brown with mottles in shades of yellow and red. The
substratum, below 48 inches, is loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sand and fine sand
with an estimated Ksat rate of greater than 17.5 centimeters per day or an
estimated perk rate faster than 15 minutes per inch. It is mottled in shades of
gray, white, yellow and red.

Soil Type 3B (Conetoe) — This soil is well drained and has a seasonal high
water table greater than 36 inches below the surface. Slope ranges from 2 to 6
percent. The surface texture is loamy sand and sandy loam about 10 inches
thick. It is dark grayish brown. The subsurface texture is loamy sand and sandy
loam about 14 inches thick. It is pale brown and light yellowish brown. The
subsoil texture is loam, sandy clay loam and sandy loam with an estimated Ksat
rate of 10.0 to 17.5 centimeters per day or an estimated perk rate of 20 to 45
minutes per inch. It is strong brown and yellowish brown. The substratum, below
48 inches, is loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sand and fine sand with an estimated
Ksat rate of greater than 17.5 centimeters per day or an estimated perk rate
faster than 15 minutes per inch. It is mottled in shades of gray, white, yellow and
red.
Soil Type 4A (Dragston) — This soil is somewhat poorly drained and has a
seasonal high water table between 12 and 18 inches below the surface. Slope
ranges from 0 to 2 percent. This soil may be ponded for prolonged periods of
time during the winter months or at any time following prolonged rains or
precipitation events and is found in drainageways. The surface texture is sandy
loam about 10 inches thick. It is very dark grayish brown. The subsoil texture is
loam, sandy clay loam and sandy loam with an estimated Ksat rate of 10.0 to
17.5 centimeters per day or an estimated perk rate of 20 to 45 minutes per inch.
It is gray, dark gray and dark grayish brown with mottles in shades of yellow and
red. The substratum, below 48 inches, is loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sand and
fine sand with an estimated Ksat rate of greater than 17.5 centimeters per day or
an estimated perk rate faster than 15 minutes per inch. It is mottled in shades of
gray, white, yellow and red.
Soil Type 5B (State) — This soil is well drained and has a seasonal high water
table greater than 36 inches below the surface. Slope ranges from 2 to 6 percent.
The surface texture is sandy loam about 10 inches thick. It is dark grayish
brown. The subsoil texture is loam, sandy clay loam and sandy loam with an
estimated Ksat rate of 10.0 to 17.5 centimeters per day or an estimated perk rate
of 20 to 45 minutes per inch. It is strong brown and yellowish brown. The
substratum, below 48 inches, is loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sand and fine sand
with an estimated Ksat rate of greater than 17.5 centimeters per day or an
estimated perk rate faster than 15 minutes per inch. It is mottled in shades of
gray, white, yellow and red.
Soil Type 6A (Tomotley) — This soil is poorly and very poorly drained and has a
seasonal high water table within 6 inches below the surface. Slope ranges from 0
to 2 percent. This soil may be ponded for prolonged periods of time during the
winter months or at any time following prolonged rains or precipitation events and
is found in drainageways. The surface texture is sandy loam about 10 inches
thick. It is black. The subsoil texture is loam, sandy clay loam and clay loam
with an estimated Ksat rate of 5.0 to 13.0 centimeters per day or an estimated
perk rate of 30 to 80 minutes per inch. It is gray, dark gray and dark grayish
2

brown with mottles in shades of yellow and red. The substratum, below 48
inches, is loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sand and fine sand with an estimated
Ksat rate of greater than 17.5 centimeters per day or an estimated perk rate
faster than 15 minutes per inch. It is mottled in shades of gray, white, yellow and
red.
Soil Type 7A (Tidal Marsh)
SOIL INTERPRETATIONS
According to the North Carolina Department of Health's regulations,
Conetoe and State are suitable soils for development. Altavista soils are
provisionally suitable. Augusta and Dragston soils are unsuitable but may be
upgraded to provisionally suitable using alternative technology systems.
Tomotley and Tidal Marsh soils are unsuitable.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
Inclusions of similar soils can occur in any map unit due to the complexity
of soils. These inclusions can be better (drier) or worse (wetter) than the named
soil. These inclusions are of minor extent.
Wastewater systems should never be placed in drainageways or other
landscapes that receive water runoff from higher and adjacent areas or in areas
of prolonged ponding.
Following this report, you can find Official Series Descriptions of the soils
cited in this report. These OSDs are maintained by the United States
Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Resource and Conservation Service
(NRCS).
The attached map has lines and symbols that refer to the soils mapped
and the cultural features found on the site.

LOCATION ALTAVISTA NC+AL GA SC VA
Established Series
AG, RLV, Rev. DTA:RHB
05/2006
ALTAVISTA SERIES
MLRA(s): 136, 133A, 153A
MLRA Office Responsible: Raleigh, North Carolina
Depth Class: Very deep
Drainage Class: Moderately well drained
Permeability: Moderate
Surface Runoff: Slow
Parent Material: Loamy fluvial sediments
Slope: 0 to 10 percent
Mean Annual Air Temperature (type location): 61 degrees F.
Mean Annual Precipitation (type location): 48 inches
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine -loamy, mixed, semiactive, thermic Aquic Hapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Altavista fine sandy loam --cultivated. (Colors are for moist
soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--O to 8 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) fine sandy loam; weak medium
granular structure; very friable; many fine roots; moderately acid; abrupt smooth
boundary. (5 to 12 inches thick)
E--8 to 12 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) fine sandy loam; weak fine granular
structure; very friable; few fine roots; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
(0 to 12 inches thick)
BE--12 to 15 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) sandy clay loam; weak fine
subangular blocky structure; friable; few medium roots; moderately acid; clear
wavy boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
Bt1--15 to 20 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay loam; weak medium
subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine prominent yellowish red (5YR
5/8) soft masses of iron accumulation; few fine roots; few flakes of mica; common
faint clay films on faces of peds; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt2--20 to 35 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) sandy clay loam; weak medium
subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common medium prominent
light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; few flakes of mica; common faint
clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (combined
thickness of the Bt horizon is 14 to 40 inches.)
BC--35 to 42 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) sandy loam; weak fine
subangular blocky structure; friable; many medium prominent light brownish gray
4

(10YR 6/2) iron depletions; few flakes of mica; strongly acid; gradual smooth
boundary. (0 to 25 inches thick)
C-42 to 60 inches; mottled yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) and gray (10YR 6/1)
coarse sandy loam; massive; very friable; many gravel; few flakes of mica;
strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Wake County, North Carolina; 12 miles south of Raleigh on
Old Stage Road, 1.5 miles southwest of Plymouth Church on farm road, near
Middle Creek, 200 yards east of farm road.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum Thickness: 30 to more than 60 inches
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 60 inches
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 18 to 30 inches, December to April
Soil Reaction: extremely acid to moderately acid except where the surface has
been limed
Gravel Content: ranges from 0 to 5 percent in the A and B horizons and common
to many in the C horizons of some pedons
Other Features: Flakes of mica range from few to common in the B and C
horizons of most pedons
A or Ap horizon:
Color --hue of 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 to 4
Texture --loamy sand, loamy fine sand, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, silt
loam, sandy loam, or loam
E horizon, (where present):
Color --hue of 10YR to 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 3 to 8
Texture --loamy sand, loamy fine sand, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, silt
loam, sandy loam, or loam
The BE horizon (if it occurs):
Color --hue of 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 3 to 8
Texture --fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, or sandy clay loam
Bt horizon:
Color --hue of 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 3 to 8.
Texture --dominantly loam, clay loam, or sandy clay loam. Some subhorizons of
the Bt horizon in some pedons are fine sandy loam or sandy loam. Content of silt
is less than 30 percent
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron
depletions in shades of olive or gray (iron depletions occur within the upper 24
inches of the Bt horizon)
Btg horizons (where present):
Color --hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 1 or 2
Texture --dominantly loam, clay loam, or sandy clay loam; some subhorizons of
the Btg horizon in some pedons are fine sandy loam or sandy loam; content of

silt is less than 30 percent
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron
depletions in shades of olive or gray (iron depletions occur within the upper 24
inches of the Bt horizon)
BC horizon (where present):
Color --hue of 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 3 to 8.
Texture --sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, fine sandy loam, loamy fine sand,
or loamy sand
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron
depletions in shades of olive or gray
C horizon:
Color --hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 3 to 8
Texture --typically loamy sediment with textures of sandy loam, fine sandy loam,
loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam; a few pedons have 2C horizons that are
clayey
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron
depletions in shades of olive or gray
Cg horizon (where present):
Color --hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 0 to 2,
Texture --typically loamy sediment with textures of sandy loam, fine sandy loam,
loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron
depletions in shades of olive or gray
COMPETING SERIES:
Abell soils --have a lithologic discontinuity in the Bt horizon and are located on
uplands
Santuc soils --formed in residuum weathered from mixed acid crystalline rocks,
have a perched water table, and are located on uplands
Tetotum soils --have more than 30 percent silt in the control section
Winton soils --are wetted by lateral water flow, have a perched water table, and
are on steeper side slopes ranging from 8 to 65 percent on the Coastal Plain
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Southern piedmont and Coastal Plain
Landform: Stream terraces
Elevation: 25 to 750 feet above mean sea level
Parent Material: Loamy fluvial sediments
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 58 to 68 degrees
Mean Annual Precipitation: 37 to 69 inches
Frost Free Period: 185 to 250 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Augusta soils- Somewhat poorly drained (seasonal high water table 12 to 24
inches)
6

Chewacla soils --Somewhat poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 6 to
24 inches) on adjacent floodplains
Congaree soils --Well to moderately well drained soils (seasonal high water table
30 to 48 inches) that lack argillic horizons and are on floodplains and at the base
of slopes
Molena soils -somewhat excessively drained soils that are sandy throughout and
are on slightly higher landscapes
Roanoke soils --poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches)
with a clayey subsoil on flats and in slight depressions
State soils --well drained soils (seasonal high water table 48 to 72 inches) on
slightly higher landscapes
Thomson soils --well drained soils that have less clay and are on slightly higher
landscapes
Wehadkee soils --poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches)
on adjacent floodplains
Wickham soils -well drained soils that have a redder subsoil and are on slightly
higher landscapes
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Agricultural Drainage Class: Moderately well drained
Permeability: Moderate
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Mostly cultivated
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated --corn, cotton, small grain, soybeans,
tobacco, peanuts, and truck crops. Where wooded--loblolly, sweetgum, red
maple, yellow -poplar, white oak, southern red oak, water oak, American beech,
and hickory. Common understory plants include flowering dogwood, blueberry,
sassafras, eastern redbud, eastern redcedar, winged elm, greenbrier, sourwood,
southern bayberry (waxmyrtle), inkberry (bitter gallberry), summersweet clethra,
honeysuckle, and poison ivy
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina, and Virginia.
Altavista soils were correlated in older surveys in Pennsylvania, but those survey
areas are outside the MLRA range.
Extent: Large
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Granville County, North Carolina; 1910.
REMARKS: Altavista soils are restricted to fluvial terraces. The 05/06 revision
refined the textures of the C and Cg in the range of characteristics. The 03/06
revision dropped MLRA 15313.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to a depth of 12 inches (the A and E
horizons)

Argillic horizon - the zone from a depth of 12 to a depth of 35 inches (the BE, Bt1,
and Bt2 horizons)
Aquic subgroup feature - redoximorphic depletions with chroma of 2 or less
within the upper 24 inches of the argillic horizon
ADDITIONAL DATA:
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
SOI-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrF-/Seas Precip Elevation
NC0054 ALTAVISTA 0-10 58-68 185-250 37-69 25-750
SOI-5 F1oodL F1oodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock
NCO054 NONE COMMON 1.5-2.5 APPARENT DEC -APR >60
SOI-5 Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay a -CEC-
NCO054 0-12 LS LFS 0-0 90-100 5-10 2-5
NCO054 0-12 FSL L SL 0-0 90-100 10-24 3-8
NCO054 0-12 SIL VFSL 0-0 95-100 10-25 3-8
NC0054 12-42 CL SCL L 0-0 95-100 18-35 3-7
NC0054 42-60 VAR - - - -
SOI-5 Depth -pH- O.M. Salinity Permeability Shrink -Swell
NCO054 0-12 3.5-6.5 .5-3. 0-0 6.0-20 LOW
NCO054 0-12 3.5-6.5 .5-3. 0-0 2.0-6.0 LOW
N00054 0-12 3.5-6.5 .5-3. 0-0 2.0-6.0 LOW
NC0054 12-42 3.5-6.0 0.-.5 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW
NCO054 42-60 - - - -
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.
S

LOCATION AUGUSTA GA+AL NC VA
Established Series
LWF, Rev. DTA
04/2006
AUGUSTA SERIES
MLRA(s): 133A, 136, 137, 153A
MLRA Office Responsible: Raleigh, North Carolina
Depth Class: Very deep
Drainage Class: Somewhat poorly drained
Permeability: Moderate
Surface Runoff: Slow
Parent Material: Loamy alluvial sediments
Slope: 0 to 2 percent
Mean Annual Air Temperature (type location): 61 degrees F.
Mean Annual Precipitation (type location): 51 inches
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine -loamy, mixed, semiactive, thermic Aeric
Endoaquults
TYPICAL PEDON: Augusta loam --cultivated. (Colors are for moist soil.)
Ap--O to 9 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) loam; weak fine granular structure; very
friable; many fine roots; few fine pebbles; common fine flakes of mica; strongly
acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (5 to 10 inches thick)
Bt--9 to 19 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) sandy clay loam; weak medium
subangular blocky structure; friable; slightly sticky, slightly plastic; many medium
distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) friable iron masses and common medium
faint light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) friable iron depletions; few distinct clay film
on faces of peds; few fine roots; few fine pebbles; few fine flakes of mica;
strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick)
Btg1--19 to 24 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay loam; moderate
medium subangular blocky structure; friable; moderately sticky, moderately
plastic; many medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) friable iron masses;
common distinct clay film on faces of peds; few fine pebbles; common fine flakes
of mica; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Btg2--24 to 52 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay loam: moderate
medium subangular blocky structure, firm; moderately sticky, moderately plastic;
many medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) friable iron masses;
common prominent clay film on faces of peds; common fine flakes of mica;
strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Btg3--52 to 60 inches; gray (5Y 6/1) sandy clay loam; weak coarse subangular
blocky structure; friable; slightly sticky, slighly plastic; common medium
prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) friable iron masses; common fine flakes of
9

mica; strongly acid; gradual irregular boundary. (Combined thickness of the Btg
horizon is 12 to 45 inches)
Cg--60 to 70 inches; gray (5Y 6/1) coarse sandy loam; massive, friable; many
medium prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) friable iron masses; about 5
percent by volume of fine pebbles; few fine flakes of mica; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Haralson County, Georgia; 1.8 miles east of Tallapoosa on
State Highway 120; 2.2 miles north on Ernest Bagwell Road to bridge over
Beech Creek; 0.2 mile east of bridge along Harris Creek; 370 feet south into
pasture. (Tallapoosa North, GA. -ALA. (1966) USGS Quadrangle, lat. 33 degrees,
47 minutes, 08 seconds N., and long. 85 degrees, 15 minutes, 28 seconds W.)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum Thickness: 40 to 80 inches
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 60 inches
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 12 to 24 inches, December to May
Soil Reaction: Very strongly acid to moderately acid, except where limed
Gravel Content: 0 to 10 percent in the A and B horizons and 0 to 20 percent in
the C horizon
A horizon:
Color --hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 6
Texture --loam, sandy loam, silt loam, or fine sandy loam
E horizon(if it occurs):
Color --hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 2 to 4
Texture --loam, sandy loam, silt loam, or fine sandy loam
BE horizon (if it occurs):
Color --hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 3 to 8
Texture --silt loam, loam, fine sandy loam or sandy loam
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron
depletions in shades of olive or gray
Bt horizon:
Color --hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 3 to 6
Texture --clay loam, sandy clay loam, or loam
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron
depletions in shades of olive or gray
Btg horizon:
Color --hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 1 or 2; or they are
neutral with value of 5 to 7
Texture --clay loam, sandy clay loam, or loam
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron
depletions in shades of olive or gray

BCg horizon (if it occurs)
Color-- hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 1 or 2; or they are
neutral with value of 5 to 7
Texture --clay loam, sandy clay loam, loam, sandy loam, or clay
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron
depletions in shades of olive or gray
Cg horizon:
Color --hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 5 to 8, and chroma of 1 or 2; or it is neutral
with value of 5 to 7
Texture --is commonly stratified and some pedons have pockets or layers of
sandy clay loam
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron
depletions in shades of olive or gray
COMPETING SERIES:
Summerfield soils --these soils are bisequal
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Southern piedmont and Upper Coastal Plain
Landform: Stream terrace
Elevation: 25 to 700 feet above mean sea level
Parent Material: Loamy alluvial sediments
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 60 to 68 degrees
Mean Annual Precipitation: 45 to 55 inches
Frost Free Period: 200 to 225 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Altavista soils --moderately well drained soils (seasonal high water table 18 to 30
inches) on similar landscapes
Chewacla soils --somewhat poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 6 to
24 inches) on floodplains
Congaree soils --well to moderately well drained soils (seasonal high water table
30 to 48 inches) on slightly higher landscapes
Molena soils --somewhat excessively drained soils with a sandy subsoil on higher
landscapes
Roanoke soils --poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches)
with a clayey subsoil on flats and in slight depressions
State soils --well drained soils (seasonal high water table 4 to 6 feet) on higher
landscapes
Thomson soils --well drained soils with less clay on higher landscapes
Warne soils --somewhat poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 12 to 18
inches) with a clayey subsoil on similar landscapes
Wehadkee soils --poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches)
on adjacent floodplains
Wickham soils --well drained soils (seasonal high water table is below 6 feet) on
higher landscapes

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Agricultural Drainage Class: Somewhat poorly drained
Permeability: Moderate
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Mostly cultivated
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated --corn, oats, soybeans, small grain, and
pasture. Where wooded --white oak, red oak, post oak, loblolly pine, shortleaf
pine, hickory, red maple, sweetgum, and elm; understory plants include
American holly, flowering dogwood, sassafras, greenbrier, giant cane and
inkberry (bitter gallberry)
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Georgia, Alabama, North Carolina, Virginia and possibly South
Carolina
Extent: Moderate
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Richmond County, Georgia; 1916.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of
approximately 9 inches. (Ap horizon)
Argillic horizon - the zone from approximately 9 to 60 inches. (Bt, Btg1, Btg2 and
Btg3 horizons)
SIR = GA0056
MLRA = 133A, 136, 137, 153A
ADDITIONAL DATA: None
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
S01-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp Frl-r/Seas Precip Elevation
GA0056 AUGUSTA 0-2 60- 68 200-225 45-55 25-700
S0I-5
F1oodL
Fl.00dJ1
Watertable
Kind
Months
Bedrock
GA0056
NONE
COMMON
1.0-2.0
APPARENT
DEC -MAY
60-60
S0I-5
Depth
Texture
3-Inch
No-10
Clay%
-CEC-
GA0056
0- 9
LS LFS
0-0
90-100
3-10
6-1.0
GA0056
0- 9
SL FSL
0-0
90-100
5-20
8-16
GA0056
0- 9
S_IL L
0-0
90-100
10-25
10-18
GA0056
9-60
SCL CL L
0-0
80-100
20-35
8-14
GA0056 60-70 VAR
- 2-6
12

SOI-5 Depth -pH-
GA0056 0-9 4.5-6.0
GA0056 0-9 4.5-6.0
GA0056 0-9 4.5-6.0
GA0056 9-60 4.5-6.0
GA0056 60-70 -
O.M. Salinity ?ermeabi!it y Shriek -Swell
.5-2. 0-0 6.0-20 LOW
.5-2. 0-0 2.0-6.0 LOW
.5-2. 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW
- 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.
13

LOCATION CONETOE NC+VA
Established Series
Rev. RAG-CD-ENH
10/2002
CONETOE SERIES
MLRA(s): 133A, 153A, 153B
MLRA Office Responsible: Raleigh, North Carolina
Depth Class: Very deep
Drainage Class: Well drained
Permeability: Moderately rapid
Surface Runoff: Slow
Parent Material: Loamy and sandy fluvial and marine sediments
Slope: 0 to 10 percent
Mean Annual Air Temperature (type location): 61 degrees F.
Mean Annual Precipitation (type location): 47 inches
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, mixed, semiactive, thermic Arenic Hapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Conetoe loamy sand --cultivated. (Colors are for moist soil
unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--O to 8 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loamy sand; weak medium granular
structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; moderately acid; abrupt
smooth boundary. (3 to 10 inches thick)
E--8 to 25 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) loamy sand; weak medium
granular structure; very friable; common fine roots; moderately acid; clear wavy
boundary. (14 to 37 inches thick)
Bt1--25 to 28 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sandy loam; weak medium
subangular blocky structure; very friable; sand grains are coated and bridged
with clay; few fine roots; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt2--28 to 41 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) sandy loam; weak medium
subangular structure; very friable; sand grains coated and bridged with clay; few
fine roots; few fine and medium opaque grains; very strongly acid; gradual wavy
boundary. (Combined thickness of Bt ranges from 10 to 40 inches.)
BC--41 to 48 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) loamy sand; weak medium
granular structure; very friable; sand grains coated and bridged with clay; few fine
and medium opaque grains; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 40
inches thick)
C1--48 to 57 inches; reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) sand; single grained; loose;
common medium opaque grains; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (10
to 22 inches thick)
14

C2--57 to 90 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/4) sand; common coarse faint very
pale brown (10YR 8/2) streaks; single grained; loose; common medium opaque
grains; moderately acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Edgecombe County, North Carolina; 1.1 miles northwest of
Conetoe on U. S. Highway 64; 1/4 mile north on State Road 1524 to path; 450
feet west on path and 200 feet south in cultivated field.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum thickness: 40 to 60 inches or more.
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 60 inches
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: Greater than 60 inches
Soil Reaction: very strongly acid through slightly acid, unless limed
A or Ap horizon:
Color --hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 1 to 3. Where the A
horizon is less than 6 inches thick, the value ranges to 3.
Texture --loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sand, or fine sand
E horizon:
Color --hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 3 to 8
Texture --loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sand, or fine sand
Bt horizon:
Color --hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 4 to 8
Texture --fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or sandy clay loam. The control section
averages 10 to 25 percent clay.
BC horizon:
Color --hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 3 to 8
Texture --sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loamy fine sand, or loamy sand
C horizon:
Color --hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 5 to 8, and chroma of 1 to 8
Texture --dominantly loamy sand, sand, loamy fine sand, or fine sand, but some
pedons have lenses of fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or sandy clay loam
COMPETING SERIES:
Autryville soils --have siliceous mineralogy and bisequum profile
Baymeade soils --have siliceous mineralogy
Blanton soils --have siliceous mineralogy and sandy E horizons thicker than 40
inches
Dragston soils --have low chroma mottles indicative of wetness in the upper 24
inches or the argillic
Eustis soils --have siliceous mineralogy and Bt horizons of loamy sand
Kalmia soils --have siliceous mineralogy, surfaces less than 20 inches thick and
more clay in the Bt horizon
Kenansville soils --have siliceous mineralogy
Lucy soils --have siliceous mineralogy and thicker Bt horizons
15

Maxton soils --have siliceous mineralogy, surfaces less than 20 inches thick and
more clay in the Bt horizon
Molena soils --have siliceous mineralogy and Bt horizons of loamy sand
Pocalla soils --have siliceous mineralogy bisequum profile
Rumford soils --have siliceous mineralogy and surfaces less than 20 inches thick
State soils -have surfaces less than 20 inches thick and more clay in the Bt
horizon
Tarboro soils --are sandy throughout and lack Bt horizons
Troup soils --have siliceous mineralogy and sandy E horizons thicker than 40
inches
Wagram soils --have siliceous mineralogy and thicker Bt horizons
Wando soils --are sandy throughout and lack Bt horizons
Wakulla soils --have siliceous mineralogy and Bt horizons of loamy sand
Wickham soils --
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Coastal Plain
Landform: Stream terraces and low marine terraces
Elevation: 10 to 70 feet above mean sea level
Parent Material: Loamy and sandy fluvial sediments and marine sediments
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 60 to 70 degrees
Mean Annual Precipitation: 46 to 60 inches
Frost Free Period: 200 to 330 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: Of the competing series, the
Altavista soils --Moderately well drained soils (seasonal high water table 18 to 30
inches) in fine -loamy family on slightly lower landscapes
Bertie soils --Somewhat poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 12 to 18
inches) in fine -loamy family on lower landscapes
Dogue soils --moderately well drained soils (seasonal high water table 18 to 30
inches) in fine family on slightly lower landscapes
Dragston soils --somewhat poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 12 to
30 inches) on lower landscapes
Munden soils --moderately well drained soils (seasonal high water table 18 to 30
inches)in on slightly lower landscapes
Nimmo soils --poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches) in
coarse -loamy family on flats and in slight depressions
State soils --well drained soils (seasonal high water table 48 to 72 inches) in fine -
loamy family on similar landscapes
Tarboro soils --somewhat excessively drained soils (seasonal high water table is
below 6 feet) with sandy textures throughout on higher landscapes
Tomotley
Wando soils -well drained soils (seasonal high water table is below 6 feet) with
sandy textures throughout on slightly higher landscapes
Wickham soils --well drained soils (seasonal high water table is below 6 feet) in
fine -loamy family on similar landscapes
16

are on low ridges. Associated soils in slightly lower areas are the moderately well
drained Altavista and Dogue soils and the somewhat poorly drained Augusta
soils. The more poorly drained Arapahoe, Cape Fear, Deloss, Portsmouth,
Roanoke, and Tomotley soils are in flats and depressions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Agricultural Drainage Class: Well drained
Permeability: Moderately rapid
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Mostly cultivated
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated --peanuts, soybeans, tobacco, and corn.
Where wooded--loblolly pine, sweet gum, oak, hickory, and maple
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: '
Distribution: Atlantic Coastal Plain of Virginia, North Carolina, and possibly South
Carolina
Extent: Moderate
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Edgecombe County, North Carolina, 1976.
REMARKS:
These soils were formerly included in the Kenansville series.
Diagnostic horizons and features include:
Arenic feature - the zone from the surface to 25 inches.
Argillic horizon - the zone from 25 to 41 inches.
Hapl feature - clay decrease beginning at 41 inches.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Laboratory data for particle size distribution and
mineralogy is available for one pedon sampled in Edgecombe County, North
Carolina. The laboratory determinations were made at the North Carolina State
University Soil Department.
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
SOI-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation
NC0009 CONETOE 0-10 60- 70 200-300 46-60 10-70
SOI-5 F1oodL F1oodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness
NC0009
NONE
RARE 6.0-6.0
- 60-60
SOI-5
Depth
Texture
3-Inch NO-10
Clayq: -C'EC-
17

MC0009
0-25
LS
LFS
0-
0
100-100
2-10
1- 4
NC0009
0-25
S
FS
0-
0
100-100
2-10
1.- 4
NC0009
25-41
SL
SCL,
PSL
0-
0
100-100
10-22
2- 5
NC0009
41-80
LS
S
0-
0
100-100
2-10
0- 2
SOI-5
Depth
-pH-
O.M.
Salin
Permeab
Shnk-SwII
NC0009
0-25
4.5-
6.0
.5-2.
0-
0
6.0-
20
LOW
NC0009
0-25
4.5-
6.0
.5-1..
0-
0
6.0-
20
LOW
NC0009
25-41.
41.5-
6.0
0.-.5
0-
0
2.0-
6.0
LOW
NC0009
41-80
4.5-
6.0
0.-.5
0-
0
6.0-
20
LOW
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.
is

LOCATION DRAGSTON VA+NC
Established Series
Rev. RLH-WJE-MHC
04/2000
®RAGST®N SERIES
MLRA(s): 133A 153A, 153B
MLRA Office Responsible: Raleigh, North Carolina
Depth Class: Very deep
Drainage Class: Somewhat poorly drained
Permeability: Moderately rapid
Surface Runoff: slow
Parent Material: loamy marine and fluvial sediments
Slope: 0 to 2 percent
Mean Annual Air Temperature (type location): 61 degrees F.
Mean Annual Precipitation (type location): 42 inches
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse -loamy, mixed, semiactive, thermic Aeric
Endoaquults
TYPICAL PEDON: Dragston fine sandy loam - cultivated. (Colors are for moist
soil.)
Ap--O to 9 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) fine sandy loam; weak medium
granular structure; very friable; many fine roots; many fine pores; strongly acid;
abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 12 inches thick)
Bt--9 to 17 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) fine sandy loam; weak medium
subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky; few fine pores; common
medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) soft iron masses and few distinct
grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) iron depletions; few faint clay films on faces of peds and
clay bridging between sand grains, very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to
14 inches thick)
Btg--17 to 28 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) fine sandy loam; weak medium
subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky; common medium prominent
yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) soft iron masses; few faint clay films on faces of
peds and clay bridging between sand grains; very strongly acid; gradual wavy
boundary. (6 to 25 inches thick)
BCg--28 to 37 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) fine sandy loam; weak very
coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common
medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) soft iron masses; very strongly
acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
C--37 to 66 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) fine sand; single grain; loose; few
coarse prominent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; very strongly
acid.
19

TYPE LOCATION: City of Suffolk, Virginia, 1.07 miles north of intersection of
VA-624 and VA-658 and 270 feet east of VA-624.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum Thickness: 25 to 50 inches
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 60 inches
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 12 to 30 inches, November to April
Soil Reaction: very strongly acid or strongly acid in the A, E, BA, and BE horizons
and upper Bt horizon unless limed, and very strongly acid to slightly acid in the
lower Bt, BC, CB and C horizon
A or Ap horizon:
Color --hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 2 to 5, and chroma of 1 to 4; where value is 3
the layer is less than 10 inches thick
Texture: loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam
E horizon (if it occurs):
Color --has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 1 to 4
Texture --loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron
depletions in shades of brown or gray
BA or BE horizon (if it occurs):
Color --hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8
Texture --sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron
depletions in shades of brown or gray
Bt horizon:
Color --hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8
Texture --sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam; some pedons may have thin
layers of sandy clay loam
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron
depletions in shades of brown or gray
Btg horizon (if it occurs):
Color --hue of 10YR to 5Y or is neutral, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 0 to 2
Texture --sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam; some pedons may have thin
layers of sandy clay loam
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron
depletions in shades of brown or gray
BC, BCg or CB, CBg horizon (if it occurs):
Color --hue of 10YR to 5Y or is neutral, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 0 to 8
Texture --loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam.
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron
depletions in shades of brown or gray
20

C horizon (if it occurs):
Color --has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 3 to 8
Texture --sand, fine sand, loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sandy loam, or fine
sandy loam or is stratified
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron
depletions in shades of brown or gray
Cg horizon (if it occurs)
Color--10YR to 5BG or is neutral, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 0 to 2
Texture --sand, fine sand, loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sandy loam, or fine
sandy loam or is stratified
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron
depletions in shades of brown or gray
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in the same family
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Coastal Plain
Landform: Marine Terrace
Elevation: Less than 25 feet above mean sea level
Parent Material: loamy marine or fluvial sediments
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 59 to 65 degrees
Mean Annual Precipitation: 40 to 48 inches
Frost Free Period: 190 to 240 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Altavista soils --moderately well drained soils (seasonal high water table 18 to 30
inches) in fine -loamy family on slightly higher landscapes
Augusta soils --somewhat poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 12 to 18
inches) in fine -loamy family on similar landscapes
Boiac soils --well drained soils (seasonal high water table 48 to 72 inches) in on
higher landscapes
Conetoe soils --well drained soils (seasonal high water table below 72 inches) in
loamy family on higher landscapes
Dogue soils --moderately well drained soils (seasonal high water table 18 to 30
inches) in fine family on slightly higher landscapes
Munden soils --moderately well drained soils (seasonal high water table 18 to 30
inches) slightly higher landscapes
Nimmo soils --poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches) on
flats and in slight depressions
Roanoke soils --poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches) in
fine family on flats and in slight depressions
State soils --well drained soils (seasonal high water table 48 to 72 inches) in fine -
loamy family higher landscapes
Tarboro soils --somewhat excessively drained soils (seasonal high water table is
below 6 feet) with sandy textures throughout on higher landscapes
Tetotum soils --moderately well drained soils (seasonal high water table 18 to 30
inches) in fine -loamy family on slightly higher landscapes
21

Tomotley soils --poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches) in
fine -loamy family on flats and in slight depressions
Wahee soils --somewhat poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 12 to 18
inches) in fine family on similar landscapes
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Agricultural Drainage Class: Somewhat poorly drained
Permeability: moderately rapid
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Mostly cultivated
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated --corn, soybeans, peanuts, small grain,
truck crops, and pasture. Where wooded--loblolly pine, sweetgum, yellow poplar,
water oak, southern red oak, and red maple; understory plants include American
holly, flowering dogwood, sassafras, greenbrier, giant cane and inkberry (bitter
gallberry)
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Virginia, North Carolina, and Maryland
Extent: Moderate
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Princess Anne County, Virginia, 1939 (presently City of
Virginia Beach).
REMARKS: Revised to Endoaquults, 1997
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
a. Ochric epipedon - the zone from 0 to 9 inches (Ap horizon).
b. Argillic horizon - the zone from 9 to 28 inches (Bt and Btg horizons).
S I R = VA0083
MLRA = 133A, 153A, 153B
REVISED = 9/8/97 RLV
ADDITIONAL DATA: Particle -size data from the typical pedon is available from
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University soil survey laboratory. Lab
numbers 74-255 through 74-260.
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
S01-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp Hfr/Seas Precip I�levation
VA0083 DRAGSTON 0-2 59-65 190-240 40-48 5-200
SOI-5 F1oodL Watertable Kind
VA0083 NONE 1.0-2.5 APPARENT
S0I-5 Depth Texture
Months Bedrock
NOV-APR >60
3-Inch Ho-10 Clay`.?
-CEC-

VA0083
0-9
FSL
SL I,
0-0
95-100
4-12
VA0083
0-9
LFS
LS
0-0
95-100
2-10
VA0083
9-37
FSL
.SL
L
0-0
95-100
10-18
VA0083
37-66
S
LS FSL
0-0
85-100
2-i2
SOI-5
Depth
-pH-
O.M.
Permeap
Shnk-Swll
VA0083
0-9
4.5-5.5
1.-2.
2.0-6.0
LOW
VA0083
0-9
6.5-5.5
.5-I.
6.0-20
LOW
VA0083
9-37
4.5-5.5
0.-.5
2.0-6.0
LOW
VA0083
37-66
4.5-6.5
0.-.5
6.0-20
LOW
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.
23

LOCATION STATE VA+AL GA NC SC
Established Series
Rev. JAK
04/2006
STATE SERIES
MLRA(s): 133A-Southern Coastal Plain, 153A-Atlantic Coast Flatwoods, 136-
Southern Piedmont
MLRA Office Responsible: Raleigh, North Carolina
Depth Class: Very deep
Drainage Class (Agricultural): Well drained
Internal Free Water Occurrence: Deep, persistent, thick
Flooding Frequency and Duration: Occasional, rare, very rare, or none for very
brief or brief periods, December to June
Ponding Frequency and Duration: None
Index Surface Runoff: Negligible to medium
Permeability: Moderate (Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity: Moderately high)
Shrink -swell Potential: Low
Landscape: Piedmont and coastal river valleys
Landform: Stream terraces
Geomorphic Component: Riser, treads
Hillslope Profile Position: Summit, shoulder
Parent Material: Alluvium
Slope: 0 to 10 percent
Elevation (type location): Unknown
Frost Free Period (type location): 195 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature (type location): 58 degrees F.
Mean Annual Precipitation (type location): 48 inches
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine -loamy, mixed, semiactive, thermic Typic Hapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: State silt loam --on a 3 percent slope in a cultivated field.
(Colors are for moist soil, unless otherwise indicated.)
Ap--O to 10 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; brown (10YR 5/3), dry; weak fine
granular structure; very friable; nonsticky, nonplastic; common fine and medium
roots; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick)
BA--10 to 15 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) loam; weak fine subangular blocky
structure; friable; nonsticky, nonplastic; common fine and medium roots; common
fine and medium pores; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 12 inches thick)
Bt--15 to 35 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) loam; weak fine subangular blocky
structure; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few fine and medium roots;
common fine and medium pores; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; few fine
flakes of mica; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (18 to 40 inches thick)
24

BC--35 to 45 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) loam; weak fine subangular blocky
structure; friable, slightly sticky, nonplastic; few fine and medium roots; few fine
and medium pores; few fine flakes of mica; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
(0 to 20 inches thick)
C1-45 to 50 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) fine sandy loam; massive; very
friable, slightly sticky, nonplastic; few fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid;
gradual wavy boundary.
C2--50 to 80 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) fine sandy loam; massive; very
friable; common medium distinct pale brown (10YR 6/3) iron depletion and
common medium distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) masses of oxidized iron; common
fine flakes of mica; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Charlotte County, Virginia; about 1.0 mile east of Roanoke
(Staunton) River bridge on VA-746; 1.1 miles east of intersection of VA-746 and
VA-607, and 200 feet south of VA-607.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to bedrock: Greater than 80 inches
Depth to top of the argillic horizon: 8 to 19 inches
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon: 30 to 60 inches or more
Depth to seasonal high water table: 42 to 72 inches, December to June
Soil Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid in the A and upper B horizon and
extremely acid to slightly acid in the lower B horizon and C horizon, unless limed
Gravel Content: 0 to 2 percent in the A and B horizon and 0 to 25 percent in the
C horizon; mostly quartz pebbles (non -flooded phase); 0 to 35 percent in the A
and B horizon and 0 to 50 percent in the C horizon (flooded phases)
Other Features: 0 to 20 percent mica, throughout
RANGE OF INDIVIDUAL HORIZONS:
Ap horizon or A horizon (where present):
Color --hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 2 to 6. Where value is
less than 3, it is less than 6 inches thick.
Texture (fine -earth fraction) --loamy coarse sand, loamy sand, loamy fine sand,
coarse sandy loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, loam, or
silt loam
E horizon (where present):
Color --hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, chroma of 3 to 8
Texture --loamy coarse sand, loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sandy loam, fine
sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam
BA or BE (where present):
Color --hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 4 to 8
Texture --coarse sandy loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam,
loam, silt loam, or sandy clay loam
25

Bt horizon (upper):
Color --hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 4 to 8
Texture (fine -earth fraction) --loam, clay loam, or sandy clay loam, including thin
horizons of sandy loam or silt loam
Bt horizon (lower):
Color --hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 4 to 8, or is variegated
without dominant matrix hue
Texture (fine -earth fraction) --loam, clay loam, or sandy clay loam, including thin
horizons of sandy loam or silt loam
Redoximorphic features (where present) --masses of oxidized iron in shades of
red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of gray, yellow, or brown
BC horizon or CB horizon (where present):
Color --hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 4 to 8, or is variegated in
shades of these colors with or without dominant matrix color
Texture (fine -earth fraction) --coarse sandy loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam,
very fine sandy loam, loam, or sandy clay loam
Redoximorphic features (where present) --masses of oxidized iron in shades of
red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of gray, yellow, or brown
C horizon:
Color --hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 8, chroma of 3 to 8, or is variegated in
shades of these colors with or without dominant matrix color
Texture (fine earth fraction) --loamy fine sand, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam
and may be stratified with finer or coarser textured materials
Redoximorphic features (where present) --masses of oxidized iron in shades of
red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of gray, yellow, or brown
Cg horizon (where present):
Color --hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 8, chroma of 1 or 2, or is neutral with
value of 4 to 8, and may be variegated in shades of these colors with or without
dominant matrix color
Texture (fine earth fraction) --loamy fine sand, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam
and may be stratified with finer or coarser textured materials
Redoximorphic features --masses of oxidized iron in shades of red, yellow, or
brown and iron depletions in shades of gray, yellow, or brown
2C horizon (where present):
Color --hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 8, chroma of 3 to 8, or is variegated in
shades of these colors with or without dominant matrix color
Texture (fine earth fraction) --coarse sand, sand, fine sand, loamy coarse sand, or
loamy sand and may be stratified with finer or coarser textured materials
Redoximorphic features (where present) --masses of oxidized iron in shades of
red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of gray, yellow, or brown
2Cg horizon (where present):
Color --hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 8, chroma of 1 or 2, or is neutral with
26

value of 4 to 8, and may be variegated in shades of these colors with or without
dominant matrix color
Texture (fine earth fraction) --coarse sand, sand, fine sand, loamy coarse sand, or
loamy sand and may be stratified with finer or coarser textured materials
Redoximorphic features (where present) --masses of oxidized iron in shades of
red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of gray, yellow, or brown
COMPETING SERIES:
Buckhead soils --formed in material weathered from acid crystalline and
metamorphic rock and occur on uplands in the piedmont
Cheaha soils --have hard bedrock at a depth of 20 to 40 inches and have greater
than 15 percent sandstone cobbles in each horizon
Chesapeake --formed in marine and fluviomarine deposits primarily in the
Tidewater Area at elevations of less than 25 feet
Fruithurst soils --have a paralithic contact of weathered sericite schist or slate at a
depth of 20 to 40 inches
Montonia soils --have a paralithic contact of weathered Carolina Slate at a depth
of 20 to 40 inches
Pinoka soils --have a paralithic contact of weathered Triassic sandstone or
siltstone at a depth of 20 to 40 inches
Rawlings soils --have a lithic contact at a depth of 20 to 40 inches
Rion soils --formed in material weathered from acid crystalline rock and occur on
uplands in the piedmont
Rome soils --have solum greater than 60 inches thick with black concretions
throughout
Shady soils --formed on stream terraces in loamy alluvium weathered from
sandstone, limestone and shale
Sherless soils --have a paralithic contact at a depth of 20 to 40 inches and have
sandstone fragments throughout
Sherwood soils --have a lithic contact at a depth of 30 to 60 inches
Sugargrove soils --have lithic contact at a depth of 40 inches or more
Tidings soils --have a paralithic contact at a depth of 40 to 60 inches
Wickham soils --have Bt horizons that are redder than 7.5YR
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Piedmont and coastal river valleys
Landform: Stream terraces
Geomorphic Component: Riser, treads
Hillslope Profile Position: Summit, shoulder
Parent Material: Alluvium
Slope: 0 to 10 percent
Elevation: 25 to 750 feet
Frost Free Period: 195 to 260 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 57 to 65 degrees
Mean Annual Precipitation: 35 to 55 inches
27

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Altavista soils --are moderately well drained soils with seasonal high water table
18 to 30 inches; on slightly lower landscapes
Augusta soils --are somewhat poorly drained soils with seasonal high water table
12 to 18 inches; on lower landscapes
Cartecay soils --are somewhat poorly drained soils with seasonal high water table
6 to 18 inches, in a coarse -loamy family; on lower landscapes
Chewacla soils --are somewhat poorly drained soils with seasonal high water
table 6 to 24 inches; on adjacent floodplains
Conetoe soils --are well drained soils with seasonal high water table below 72
inches, in a loamy family; on similar landscapes
Congaree soils --are well drained to moderately well drained soils with seasonal
high water table 30 to 48 inches, lack argillic horizons; on floodplains and at the
base of slopes
Molena soils --are somewhat excessively drained soils with seasonal high water
table below 72 inches, with sandy textures throughout; on fluvial terraces in the
piedmont
Tarboro soils --are somewhat excessively drained soils with seasonal high water
table below 72 inches, with sandy textures throughout; on higher landscapes
Roanoke soils --are poorly drained soils with seasonal high water table 0 to 12
inches, in a fine family; on flats and in depressions
Thomson soils --are well drained soils with seasonal high water table below 72
inches, in a coarse -loamy family; on fluvial terraces in the piedmont
Warne soils --are somewhat poorly drained soils with seasonal high water table
12 to 18 inches, in a fine family; on lower landscapes
Wickham soils --are well drained soils with seasonal high water table below 72
inches, in a loamy family; on similar landscapes
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Depth Class: Very deep
Drainage Class (Agricultural): Well drained
Internal Free Water Occurrence: Deep, persistent, thick
Flooding Frequency and Duration: Occasional, rare, very rare, or none for very
brief or brief periods, December to June
Ponding Frequency and Duration: None
Index Surface Runoff: Negligible to medium
Permeability: Moderate (Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity: Moderately high
Shrink -swell Potential: Low
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Mostly cultivated crops
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated --corn, soybeans, peanuts, small grain,
flue -cured tobacco, and vegetables. Where wooded --white oak, red oak,
American beech, elm, sycamore, American holly, sweetgum, loblolly pine,
shortleaf pine, Virginia pine, and yellow -poplar.
28

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Alabama, and Georgia
Extent: Moderate
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Madison County, North Carolina, 1937
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon--the zone from 0 to 15 inches (Ap and BA horizons)
Argillic horizon --the zone between 15 and 35 inches (Bt horizon)
ADDITIONAL DATA: Characterization/Reference samples were analyzed and
are available from the NRCS-Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, NE; pedon
numbers--S79VA001002; S79VA001003; S79VA131001; S80NC085002.
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
S0I-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation
VA0031 STATE 0-10 57-65 195-260 35-55 25-750
SOI-5 F1oodL FloodH W.atertable Kind Months Bedrock
VA0031 NONE OCCAS 3.5-6.0 APPARENT DEC-JON >80
SOI-5 Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay`d -CEC-
VA0031. 0-10 FSL SL 0-0 95-100 5-15
VA0031. 0-1.0 SIL L 0-0 95-100 10-18
VA0031 0-10 LS LFS 0-0 95-100 2-8
VA0031 10-45 L CL SCL 0-0 95-100 18-34
VA0031 95-60 SR S FSL 0-0 60-100 2-15
SOI-5 Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll
VA0031 0-10 3.5-5.5 0.5-2.0 0-0 0.6-6.0 LOW
VA0031 0-10 3.5-5.5 0.5-2.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW
VA0031 0-10 3.5-5.5 0.5-1.0 0-0 2.0-6.0 LOW
VA0031. 10-45 3.5-5.5 0.0-0.5 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW
VA0031 95-60 3.5-6.5 0.0-0.5 0-0 2.0-20 Low
29

LOCATION TOMOTLEY NC+SC VA
Established Series
Rev. AG
02/2000
TOMOTLEY SERIES
MLRA(s): 133A, 153A, 153B
MLRA Office Responsible: Raleigh, North Carolina
Depth Class: Very Deep
Drainage Class: Poorly drained
Permeability: Moderate to moderately slow
Surface Runoff: Slow
Parent Material: Formed in loamy marine and fluvial sediments
Slope: 0 to 2 percent
Mean Annual Air Temperature (type location): 61 degrees F.
Mean Annual Precipitation (type location): 48 inches
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine -loamy, mixed, semiactive, thermic Typic
Endoaquults
TYPICAL PEDON: Tomotley fine sandy loam --cultivated. (Colors are for moist
soil.)
Ap--O to 7 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) fine sandy loam; weak medium
granular structure; very friable; common fine and medium roots; slightly acid;
abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 10 inches thick)
Btg1--7 to 12 inches; light gray (10YR 7/1) fine sandy loam; weak medium
subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR
5/6) soft masses of iron accumulation; few faint clay films on faces of peds; few
fine and medium roots; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Btg2--12 to 42 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) sandy clay loam; moderate
medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic;
common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) and yellowish brown
(10YR 5/6) soft masses of iron accumulation; few distinct clay films on faces of
peds; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Btg
horizon is 20 to 40 inches.)
BCg--42 to 50 inches; 35 percent light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2), 35 percent gray
(10YR 6/1), and 30 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) sandy loam with pockets
of loamy sand; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; very strongly acid;
clear smooth boundary. (0 to 30 inches)
Cg--50 to 72 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) loamy sand; massive; friable; many
medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/8)
soft masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid.
31

TYPE LOCATION: Chowan County, North Carolina; 0.3 mile northwest of the
intersection of N.C. Highway 32 and Business U.S. 17; 100 feet east of N.C.
Highway 32.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum Thickness: 30 to more than 60 inches
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 60 inches
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 0 to 12, November to April
Soil Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid in the A, Eg, BEg, BA, and Btg
horizons and extremely acid to moderately acid in the BCg and Cg horizons.
Other Features: Few to common fine flakes of mica and fine black minerals are in
the lower B and C horizons of some pedons. The content of rounded pebbles
range from 0 to 5 percent throughout the solum.. Some pedons have a few
concretions of ironstone in one or all horizons.
A or Ap horizon:
Color --hue of 10YR to 5Y or is neutral, value of 2 to 4, and chroma of 0 to 2
Texture --loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or silt
loam
Eg horizon (if it occurs):
Color --hue of 10YR or 2.5Y or is neutral, value of 4 to 8, and chroma of 0 or 2
Texture --loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or silt
loam
Redoximorphic features (if they occur) --iron masses in shades of brown, yellow,
or red and iron depletions in shades of olive or gray
BEg or BA horizon (if it occurs):
Color --hue of 10YR or 2.5Y or is neutral, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 0 to 2.
Texture --sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam
Redoximorphic features (if they occur) --iron masses in shades of brown, yellow,
or red and iron depletions in shades of olive or gray
Btg horizon:
Color --hue of 10Yk to 5Y or is neutral, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 0 to 2.
Texture --commonly sandy clay loam, clay loam, loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy
loam; some pedons have thin subhorizons of silt loam or silty clay loam; some
pedons are clay or sandy clay below 40 inches
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron
depletions in shades of olive or gray
BCg or CBg horizon (if it occurs):
Color --hue of 10YR to 5Y or is neutral, value of 4 to 8, and chroma of 0 to 2.
Texture --fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, clay loam, sandy clay loam, silt
loam, or sandy clay; this horizon commonly has thin strata or pockets of
contrasting textures
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron
depletions in shades of olive or gray
=2

Cg horizon:
Color --hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, 513G, 5GY or is neutral, value of 4 to 8, and
chroma of 0 to 2
Texture --is variable, ranging from sand to clay; pockets or strata of contrasting
textures are common
Redoximorphic features --iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron
depletions in shades of olive or gray
COMPETING SERIES:
Partlow soils --have angular quartz fragments in the solum, may be underlain by
saprolite, and the geographic setting is in the Piedmont Province.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Coastal Plain
Landform: Terraces
Elevation: 5 to 100 feet above mean sea level
Parent Material: Formed in loamy marine and fluvial sediments
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 60 to 70 degrees
Mean Annual Precipitation: 45 to 55 inches
Frost Free Period: 200 to 270 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Argent soils --poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches) in
fine family on similar landscape
Arapahoe soils --very poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12
inches) in coarse -loamy family on similar landscapes
Augusta soils --Somewhat poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 12 to
18 inches) on higher landscapes
Cape Fear soils --very poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12
inches) in fine family on similar landscapes
Deloss soils --very poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches)
on similar landscapes
Nimmo soils --poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches) in
coarse -loamy family on similar landscapes
Pasquotank soils --poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches)
in coarse -silty family on similar landscapes
Perguimans soils --poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches)
in fine -silty family on similar landscapes
Portsmouth soils --very poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12
inches) with contrasting textures on similar landscapes
Roanoke soils --poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches) in
fine family on similar landscape
Wahee soils --somewhat poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 12 to 18
inches) in fine family on higher landscapes
Yonges soils --poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches) with
base saturation more than 35 percent on similar landscapes
33

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Agricultural Drainage Class: Poorly drained
Permeability: Moderate to moderately slow
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Mostly cultivated
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated --corn, oats, soybeans, small grain, truck
crops, and pasture. Where wood ed--loblolly pine, willow oak, yellow poplar, red
maple, water tupelo, sweetgum, blackgum, and water oak. Understory plants
include inkberry, large gallberry, southern bayberry, switchcane, blueberry,
sweetbay and American holly.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Lower Coastal Plain of North Carolina, South Carolina and Virginia
Extent: Moderate
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Beaufort County, South Carolina; 1975.
REMARKS: Particle -size data is available for this pedon. The April 1993 revision
placed the Tomotley series in fine -loamy, mixed, thermic Typic Endoaquults. In
several older soil surveys in South Carolina, and possibly other states, soils
correlated Tomotley may have siliceous mineralogy. Those soils are outside the
range of the series and no geographically associated soils that have siliceous
mineralogy were listed in the April 1993 revision of the Tomotley series.
Diagnostic horizons and soil properties recognized in the typical pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to a depth of 7 inches (Ap horizon)
Argillic horizon - the zone from depths of 7 to 42 inches (Btg1 and Btg2 horizons)
REVISED=7/9/96,MHC
MLRAS=153A, 153B, 133A
ADDITIONAL DATA:
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
SOI-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp Fr Fr/Seas Preci.p Elevation
NCO167 TOMOTLEY 0- 2 60- 70 200-270 45- 55 5- 100
S0I-5 F1oodL F1oodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock
NC0167 NONE RARE 0-1.0 APPARENT NOV-APR 60-60
SOI-5 Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay`t -CEC-
34

NCO 167
0-7
LS LFS
0-0
95-100
2-10
1-8
NCO 167
0-7
SL FSL
0-0
95-100
5-20
2-10
NC0167
0-7
SIL L
0-0
95-100
5-27
2-11
NC0167
7-42
FSL SCL CL
0-0
95-100
18-35
4-8
NC0167
42-50
FSL SCL SC
0-0
95-i00
15-45
3-9
NC0167
50-72
VAR
SOI-5 Depth -p11- O.M. Salinity
NC0167 0- 7 3.5- 5.5 1.-6. 0-0
NC0167 0- 7 3.5- 5.5 1.-6. 0-0
NC0167 0- 7 3.5- 5.5 1..-6. 0-0
NC0167 7-42 3.5- 5.5 .5-1. 0-0
NC0167 42-50 3.5- 6.0 0.-.5 0-0
NC0167 50-72 - - -
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.
Permeability
6.0-20
2.0-6.0
2.0-6.0
0.6-2.0
0.2-2.0
Shrink -Swell
LOW
LOW
LOW
LOW
LOW
35