WI0800040_Other Correspondence_19971119

11/20/97 THU 09:26 FAX [phone] DE&S AUSTIN
DEE'S
A eErgineering&ServIces
9111 Research Boulevard
Austin, TX 78758
Post -it® Fax Note 7B71
512 425-2000
Fax [phone]
November 19, • 1997
Dr. Luanne Williams
North Carolina Department ofHealth and Human Services
Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Section
P.O. Box 29601
Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0601
RE: Information 1•eeded to Do Risk Assessment For a Proposed Partitioning Interwell
Tracer Test at Site 88, Building HP 25, Camp Lejeune, North Carolina
Dear Dr. Williams:
Please find attached the response referenced above. To provide some project background
information, I have included the executive summary from the work plan as well. If there
are any questions or if more information is required, please call me.
cc:
Ms. Laura Yeh, Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center
Ms. Amy Axon, North Carolina DEHNR
Ms. Kate Landman, Naval Facilities Engineering Command
Mr. Mick Senus, AC/S EMD Camp Lejeune
Mr. Fred Holzmer, Duke Engineering and Services

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Site 88 (Building I1P25) is the location of the base central dry cleaning operation. Dry cleaning
operations have been conducted there since 1940's using first Varsol and then tetrachloroethene
(PCE) as dry cleaning fluids. Environmental investigations have detected the presence of both
compounds hi the subsurface. In particular, free -phase PCE, a dense nonaqueous phase liquid
(DNAPL), has accumulated in two shallow wells installed adjacent to the facility during August of
1997.
The Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center (NFESC), in collaboration with the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Risk Management Research Laboratory
(NRMRL), is investigating the surfactant -enhanced aquifer remediation (SEAR) technology for
the remediation of sites contaminated with DNAPL. This work is being conducted under the
DOD's Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP). The purpose is to
perform additional validation of SEAR in order to promote its commercialization for the rapid
cleanup of DNAPL sites owned by the government and industry. Based on the results of recently
completed DNAPL investigations, Site 88 has been identified as a suitable site to conduct a
demonstration of SEAR technology. In addition to subsurface treatment by surfactants, this
demonstration will include procedures to recover surfactant from the effluent stream for reuse.
To investigate the ability of SEAR technology to remediate the site, the quantity of contamination
present both before and after the surfactant flood must be measured. Because soil cores cannot
be relied upon to provide reliable DNAPL saturations over large zones, the volume and extent of
the DNAPL contamination at the demonstration area will be determined by conducting
partitioning interwell tracer tests (PITTs). The SEAR demonstration will involve a pre -surfactant
flood PITT, a surfactant flood, and a post -surfactant flood PITT.
The PITT was develeved by Dr. Gaiy A. Pope of the University of Texas Department of
Petroleum and Geosystzms Engineering. Application of PITT technology to the environmental
field was developed in conjunction with Dr. Richard Jackson of Duke Engineering and Services
(DE&S). PITTs involve the injection of a suite of tracers in one or more wells and the
subsequent extraction from one or more other wells in a well field. Analysis of the test results
allow the detection and estimation of the volume of DNAPL present in the aquifer between the
injection and extraction wells.
Duke Engineering andServices (DE&S), has been retained by the Navy to:
• conduct preliminary field work in support of a PITT;
• select the tracers to be used in the PITT;
• design the PITT; and
• conduct the pre and post -surfactant flood PITTs in the ESTCP demonstration area.
PITT».DOC
vi
DEW-
Dnlret. iaerig&Services

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The results of the pre -surfactant flood PITT will be used in the design of a surfactant flood to be
conducted during the summer of 1998. This work plan details the activities to be undertaken to
perform the pre -surfactant flood PITT. The PITT is scheduled for the months of January and
February, 1998.
PITTINIEM.DOC
vu DE&S
Duke&Wineering&Serviaer

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Products Applied to Ground Water or Soil
Containing No Microorganisms
Information To Do Risk Assessment
Required General Information
1. Ms. Amy Axon
North Carolina DEHNR, Ground Water Section
Underground Injection Control Program
2728 Capitol Blvd.
Raleigh, NC 27626
tel. [phone] ext. 349
2. Central Dry Cleaning Facility for Camp Lejeune, North Carolina
Mr. Mick Semis
AC/S EMD
Bldg. HP 67
Virginia Dare Road
Camp Lejeune, NC 28542
tel. [phone]
3. Mr. John T. Londergan
Duke Engineering and Services
9111 Research Blvd.
Austin, Texas 78758
tel. [phone]
4. The partitioning interwell tracer test (PITT) will be conducted at Site 88, the
location of the base central dry cleaning operations. There are no active water supply wells
located within a one mile radius of this site. The nearest active water supply well is HP-
642 which is located approximately 1.5 miles east of the site.
5. As of Noveriber 17, 1997 there was up to 2.8 feet of tetrachloroethene
accumulation in wells located adjacent to the dry-cleaning facility at Site 88. Contaminant
levels of up to 26,000 part per million (ppm) tetrachloroethene, 180 ppm trichloroethene,
46 ppm cis-1,2-dichloroethene, and 4.8 ppm vinyl chloride have been detected in soil

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samples collected frbm the surficial aquifer (8-18 ft BLS).. Varsol, a mineral spirits
product produced by Exxon, is another contaminant present in the soils and groundwater.
The Varsol contamination is found at the water table. Soil samples collected from this
interval have been analyzed for diesel and gasoline range organics. Analyses for diesel
range organics have detected up to 590 mg/kg. Analyses for gasoline range organics have
detected up to 4,200 mg/kg.
6. The New River, located approximately 3,000 feet west of the site, is the nearest
surface water. The location of the site in relation to the New River is shown on attached
Figure 1.
7. The dry-cleaning facility, Building HP25, is located in the area of contamination.
Barracks are located approximately 200 feet away.
Reauirgd Product/Process Specific Information
Duke Engineering and Services will request that the manufacturers of the products contact
Dr. Luanne Williams representing the State of North Carolina for responses to items 1, 2,
3, 8, and 9 of this section. Below, we have included some information from the recently
submitted PITT work plan pertaining to these items.
Item 1.
All products to be injected, with the exception of calcium chloride, will be purchased from
Sigma Aldrich Industries.
Sigma -Aldrich Fin', Chemicals
3050 Spruce Street
St. Louis, MO 63103
Contact person: Ms. Tracy Langenberg
Contact phone number: 1-800-325-3010 ext. 2385
The calcium chloride will be purchase from
Acros Organics N.V. (Fisher Scientific)
Janssen Pharmace uticalaan 3a

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2440 Geel, Belgium
Contact Person: Ms. Lisa Reutzel
Contact phone number: 1-412-490-8927
Item 2.
Active Ingredients in Injectates
Injectate
'4-Methyl
Active Ingredient
' Purpose
2Pentanoi
4-Methyl-2 Pentanol
partitioning tracer
Bromide
Sodium Bromide
conservative or non partitioning
tracer
1-Propanol
Propyl alcohol or 1-Propanol
nonconservative or partitioning
tracer
1-Hexanol
Hexyl alcohol, n-Hexanol or 1-Hexanol
partitioning tracer
2p,-DDimothyl-3-
Diisopropylcarbinol or 2,4 Dirnethyt-3-pentanol
partitioning tracer
1-Heptanol
Heptyl alcohol, n-Heptanoi or 1-Heptanol
partitioning tracer
2 Ethyl-1-bexanol
2-Ethyl-l-hexanol
partitioning tracer
calcium chloride
calcium chloride
prevents mobilization of fine
clay particles in tlx: aquifer
Item3.
Biological Effects of Some Partitionist Tracer
Toxicity Threshold*
(cell multiplication inhibition test)
1-Hexanol
mg/L
1-Heptanol
mg/L
bacteria (Pseudomonas putida)
62
67
algae (Micrcystis aeruginosa)
12
-
3.5
green algae (Sc enedesmus quadricauda)
30
17
75
31
• protozoa (Uronema parduczi Chatton-L woff)
"Verschueren. K. 1983. "Handbook pf Environmental Data on Organic. Chemicals',
Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
Item 4. Based on numerical simulations conducted using a three-dimensional multi -phase
simulation code known as UTCHEM, it is anticipated that about 93% of the injected
tracers will be reccr'ered after 40 days of pumping.

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Item 5. The final tracer concentrations will be approximately 1-5 mg/L.
Item 6. The PITT will be conducted in a well field constructed during the course of this
project. Under the current conceptualization, the well field will consist of three injection
wells and six extraction wells arranged in a pattern known as a line -drive geometry. The
injection wells and extraction wells will be spaced 15 feet apart, while neighboring
injection and extraction wells will be spaced 10 ft apart. A hydraulic control well will be
installed at each end of the line of three injection wells to help contain the injected fluids
and maximize injectate recovery. Figure 9 from the project work plan, attached, is a
schematic of the proposed well pattern.
At no time will the product concentrations in the groundwater exceed the injected
concentrations. The concentrations and quantities of injectates to be used during the Site
88 PITT are provided in the table below.
Concentrations and Quantities of Injectates to be Used for Site 88 PITT
Tracer
Injected Concentrations
mgh,
Quantity (1ba) to be
injected
r
4 Methyl-2-Pentano1
1,000
55
Bromide
1,000
66
1-Pmpanc l
1,000
55
1-liessanol
800
44
2,4-Dimethyl-3 pentanol
800.
44
1-Heptanol
800
44
2-Ethyl-l-hexanol
500
28
calcium chloride*
1000
1,120
* Quantity listed reflects the total amount required for the entire
demonstration and not just the period of tracer injection.
Item 7. It is not anticipated that any of the injectate will discharge to the New River, the
nearest surface water body. The location of the site in relation to the New River is shown
on attached Figure 1.
Items 8& 9. The product manufacturers will provide responses to these items.

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Item 10. The volume and extent of DNAPL contamination at the demonstration area will
be determined by conducting a PITT. The PITT involves the injection of a suite of tracers
in one or more wells and subsequent extraction from other wells in a well field.
Conservative (i.e., non -partitioning) tracers pass unretarded through the DNAPL zone,
whereas the partitioning tracers are retarded due to their partitioning into and out of the
DNAPL. The arrival times and concentrations of the tracers at the extraction wells are
used to measure the volume and distribution of DNAPL in the interwell zone.
Reference
Jin, M., M. Delshad, V. Dwarakanath, D.C. McKinney, G.A. Pope, K. Sepehrnoori, C.
Tilburg, and R.E. Jackson: ()Partitioning Tracer Test for Detection, Estimation
and Remediation Performance Assessment of Subsurface Nonaqueous-phase
Liquids,} Water Resources Research, 31(5), pp.1201, 1995.

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MI Fad
*CR win
N
DATE: 11/19/97
REF: TDN 30499999
FILE: CAMPL.XAR
DEE'S
Duke Engineering & Services
Site Location Map
Camp Lejeune, North Carolina
(Modified from 1997 Delorme, Street Atlas USA)
Figure 1

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tL.
Secondary Containment Liners
Zr
W;
(I
Direction of Fluid Flow
Test Configuration
Schematic of Genera
ci
c
#; TDN 301 9