01_SW Management Program for Nitrogen Control in the Neuse

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' t TF
Prepared by:
ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller of North Carolina, Inc.
2301 Rexwoods Drive
Suite 102
Raleigh
North Carolina 27607
Tel [phone]
Fax [phone]
Ow Ref:
NC030163.0000.00008
Date:
October 2001
Amended February 2003
0
ARCADIS
GERAG HTY&MILLER
City of Goldsboro
Stormwater Management
Program For Nitrogen Control
In the Neuse River Basin
P R E P A R E D F O R
Goldsboro, North Carolina

Table of Contents
1. Introduction
5
1.1
Neuse River Basin Nutrient Sensitive Waters (NSW) Management Strategy
5
1.2
Goldsboro's Stormwater Management Program
5
1.2.1 Program Goals
5
1.2.2 Organization of this Stormwater Management Program
6
1.2.3 Responsibilities
6
2. Program Plan for New Development
6
2.1
Controlling Nitrogen Through the New Development Review/Approval Process
6
2.1.1 Calculating Nitrogen Export from New Development
8
2.1.2 Methodology for Calculating Peak Runoff Volumes
16
2.1.3 Goldsboro's Choice for Protection of Riparian Buffers in New
Developments
17
2.2
Best Management Practices (BMPs)
18
2.2.1 Choosing BMPs
18
2.2.2 Long -Term Maintenance Plan for BMPs
19
2.3
Local Ordinance Review of Land -Use Planning and Design Techniques
19
2.4
Jurisdiction -Wide and Inter -local Approaches
20
2.5
EPA's Phase II Stormwater Requirements
20
2.5.1 Construction Site Runoff Control
20
2.5.2 Post -Construction Runoff Control
21
3. Program Plan for Illegal Discharges
21
3.1
Establishing Legal Authority to Control Illegal Discharges
21
3.2
Collecting Jurisdiction -Wide Information
21
3.3
Mapping and Field Screening in High Priority Areas
23
3.4
Identifying and Removing Illegal Discharges
25
3.5
Preventing Discharges and Establishing a Hotline
26
3.6
EPA's Phase II Stormwater Requirements
27
Page 2 of 37

4. Retrofit Locations
28
4.1 Annual Retrofit Actions
28
4.2 Data Collection and Notification
29
4.3 Mapping Identified Retrofit Locations
30
5. Public Education and Public Involvement
31
5.1 Public Education Action Plan
31
5.1.1 Planned Activities
32
5.1.2 Technical Workshops
33
5.2 Incorporating Existing Resources and Programs
33
5.3 EPA's Phase II Stonnwater Requirements
34
6. Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping
34
7. Evaluation and Reporting
34
8. EPA Phase II Measurable Goals
36
Tables
3.1
Discharges that May be Allowable to the Stormwater Collection System.
3-2
3.2
Types of Discharges that are not Allowed to the Stormwater Collection
System.
3-2
3.3
Field Screening Report Information.
3-5
3.4
Phased Implementation Schedule for Illegal Discharge Activities.
3-8
4.1
Retrofit Opportunity Information.
4-2
5.1
Public Education Action Plan Category 1 and 2 Activities.
5-1
7.1
Specific Annual Nitrogen Loading Reporting Requirements.
7-2
7.2
Annual Illegal Discharge Reporting Requirements.
7-3
Figures
2.1 Worksheet for Method 1: Quantifying Total Nitrogen Export From Residential Developments When
Building and Driveway Footprints are Not Shown. F-1
2.2 Worksheet for Method 2: Quantifying Total Nitrogen Export From
Residential/Industrial/Commercial Developments When Footprints of all Impervious Surfaces are
Shown. F-3
2.3 Peak Runoff Worksheet for Small Drainage Areas in Mid-Neuse Basin. F-4
3.1 Field Screening Process. F-5
Page 3 of 37

Appendices
A. Ordinance to Implement Stormwater Management Regulations for New Development.
B. Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance.
C. Ordinance to Implement Regulations Regarding Illegal Stormwater Discharges Related to the City of Goldsboro's
Stormwater Management Program.
D. Example Letter to Likely Sources of Illegal Discharges.
E. Implementation Schedule.
F. EPA Phase II Measurable Goals.
Page 4 of 37

1. Introduction
1.1 Neuse River Basin Nutrient Sensitive Waters (NSW) Management Strategy
The goal of the Neuse River Basin Nutrient Sensitive Waters (NSW) Management Strategy (final
adoption in August 1998) is to achieve a 30 percent nitrogen reduction from each controllable and
quantifiable source of nitrogen in the basin. These sources are Wastewater Treatment, Urban
Stormwater, and Agriculture and Nutrient Application. The NSW Strategy also includes a rule to
protect riparian buffers (the Riparian Buffer Rule, 15A NCAC 2B .0233) to maintain their existing
nitrogen removal capabilities.
The Neuse Stormwater Rule (15A NCAC 2B .0235) only applies to the largest and fastest -growing
local governments in the Neuse River Basin (there are 15); Goldsboro is one of the affected
governments. The rule establishes a broad set of objectives for reducing nitrogen runoff from urban
areas and sets up a process for the Division of Water Quality (DWQ) to work with the affected local
governments to develop a model stormwater program for meeting the objectives. The timeframe for
implementation of the rule is as follows:
September 9, 2000: Deadline for submittal of local Stormwater Management Program (including
ordinances) to the Environmental Management Commission (EMC).
March 9, 2001: Deadline for local governments to begin implementing local Stormwater
Management Programs.
Each stormwater management program must include the following general elements: New
Development Review/Approval, Illegal Discharges, Retrofit Locations, and Public Education.
Following implementation of the local Stormwater Management Programs, local governments are
required to make annual progress reports to EMC by October 30 of each year that include nitrogen
loading reduction estimates.
This document details the City of Goldsboro's Stormwater Management Program for Nitrogen
Control in the Neuse River Basin. It closely follows the guidance provided in the Neuse River
Basin: Model Stormwater Program for Nitrogen Control dated August 30, 1999. The
implementation dates listed above differ from those listed in the model plan. The EMC committee
decision to approve the model local government stormwater program occurred on September 9,
1999; the Stormwater Rule allows 12 months from EMC approval before the subject local
governments must submit their local stormwater management program plans to the Commission for
review and approval, and 18 months before the programs must be implemented.
1.2 Goldsboro's Stormwater Management Program
1.2.1 Program Goals
The City of Goldsboro is taking a proactive approach to the management and control of stormwater
in both the City proper and in its Extraterritorial Jurisdictions (ETJs). Rather than simply meet the
requirements for nitrogen control as dictated by the Neuse NSW Strategy, Goldsboro is structuring
their Stormwater Management Program to also address the concerns and expected requirements of
EPA's Phase II Stormwater Rule. The City has also prepared their program to be no less stringent
Page 5 of 37

than the program for Wayne County, which is also subject to the Neuse Stormwater Rule. Teaming
possibilities with Wayne County will continually be explored, particularly in the areas of public
education and outreach, and public participation/involvement. In this way, Goldsboro and its
constituents will garner the benefits of an integrated stormwater management program that requires
the least expenditure of financial and personnel resources and avoids duplication of effort.
Another goal of this program is to provide uniform guidelines and requirements for development and
growth in both the City of Goldsboro and throughout Wayne County. Although the process may
differ in each jurisdiction, the program elements and requirements of both Stormwater Management
Programs will be consistent. Fee schedules and penalties will be no less rigorous than those required
by Wayne County. Other incorporated areas will be considered in this process. This will serve not
only to avoid inappropriate and unbalanced development as a result of program implementation, but
will provide standardized requirements for unincorporated areas which undergo annexation.
1.2.2 Organization of this Stormwater Management Program
This document reflects the basic organization of the Neuse River Basin: Model Stormwater Program
for Nitrogen Control, and incorporates some additional components from EPA's Phase II
Stormwater Rule. Section 2.0 presents Goldsboro's Program Plan for New Development. Section
3.0 discusses their Program Plan for Illegal Discharges. Section 4.0 explains the methodology for
Identifying Retrofit Locations. Public Education and Public Involvement are discussed in Section
5.0. Section 6.0 discusses the Phase II requirements for Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping.
Section 7.0 details the annual Evaluation and Reporting requirements.
1.2.3 Responsibilities
The implementation of this Stormwater Management Program for Nitrogen Control will be the
responsibility of the City Manager. Oversight will be provided by an internal Steering Committee,
comprised of representatives from the following departments: Manager's Office, General Services,
Planning, Community Affairs, Engineering, Finance, and Recreation and Parks. This Steering
Committee, in conjunction with the City Manager, assigned responsibilities for program
implementation, considered staffing and budgetary requirements, identified obstacles to
implementation, and developed strategies to remove obstacles and/or provide incentives for program
participation. Meetings will be held on a quarterly basis to review the implementation of the
program and to address any new issues which may arise.
2. Program Plan for New Development
2.1 Controlling Nitrogen Through the New Development Review/Approval Process
Section 32.088 of Goldsboro's Code of Ordinances states that no new or redevelopment project may
proceed before all permits are secured, which requires that the site plan be submitted to and
approved by the Planning and Engineering Departments of the city. It will be during this established
development review process that the City will review the Neuse Stormwater Rule components of any
project falling under the "New Development" definition. Appendix A contains "An Ordinance to
Page 6 of 37

Implement Stormwater Management Regulations for New Development" to establish the authority
to require compliance with the Program Plan for New Development within the City proper and its
ETJ, as detailed in this section. The developer or builder will be required to comply with these
provisions for any new development which falls under either of the following definitions:
• Any activity that disturbs greater than one acre of land in order to establish, expand, or
modify a single family or duplex residential development or a recreational facility. [Land
disturbance is defined as grubbing, stump removal, and/or grading.]
• Any activity that disturbs greater than one-half an acre of land in order to establish,
expand, or modify a multifamily residential development or a commercial, industrial, or
institutional facility.
To fund this additional new development review process, the City Council may set a fee structure for
the cost of reviewing all Building Permit applications for compliance with the ordinance.
All such projects will be required to meet the goal of a 30 percent nitrogen reduction by
implementation of planning considerations and best management practices (BMPs). Agriculture,
mining, or forest activities, and property owners with vested rights are not subject to the
requirements of new development and will receive a waiver. Vested rights must be demonstrated
by the property owner as of the effective date of this Stormwater Management Program (as adopted
by the City Council) and may be based on at least one of the following:
• substantial expenditures of resources as determined by the Engineering Department
(time, labor, money) based on a good faith reliance upon having received a valid local
government approval to proceed with the project, or
• having an outstanding valid building permit in compliance with G.S. 153A-344.1 or G.S.
160A-385.1, or
• having an approved site specific or phased development plan in compliance with G.S.
153A-344.1 or G.S. 160A-385.1.
Projects that require a state permit, such as landfills, NPDES wastewater discharges, land application
of residuals and road construction activities shall be considered to have vested rights if a state permit
was issued prior to the effective data of this Local Stormwater Management Program.
Currently, Recreation and Parks projects for the City do not require permits. To ensure that all such
projects comply with the provisions of the Neuse Stormwater Rule, and eventually EPA's Phase II
Rule, all park projects will be required to undergo an internal review by the Planning and
Engineering Departments.
New development will be limited to 3.6 pounds per acre per year (lbs/ac/yr) nitrogen loading.
Property owners will have the option to partially offset projected nitrogen loads by funding wetland
or riparian area restoration through the NC Wetlands Restoration Program (WRP). As established
by Rule * 15A NCAC 2B .0240, the rate shall be $28.35/lb/yr, at an amount sufficient to fund 30
years of nitrogen reduction. The result is a one-time offset payment of $850.50/lb/ac which must be
paid prior to approval of the development plan. However, no new residential development will be
permitted to exceed a total nitrogen loading rate of 6.0 lbs/ac/yr, and no new nonresidential
development will be permitted to exceed 10.0 lbs/ac/yr.
Page 7 of 37

The nitrogen export standard of 3.6 lbs/ac/yr was estimated by the EMC to be 70 percent of the
average nitrogen load contributed by the nonurban areas in the Neuse River basin (as defined using
1995 LANDSAT data). It is understood that the EMC may periodically update the performance
standard based on the availability of new scientific information.
2.1.1 Calculating Nitrogen Export from New Development
The nitrogen export from each new development will be calculated. Annual reports must contain the
computed baseline and net change in nitrogen export from new development that year. Goldsboro
will utilize the methodologies as they are detailed below. The Inspection Department will supply the
necessary worksheets for the developer or builder to perform these calculations at new development
sites as part of their building permit submission (to ensure that the 30 percent reduction has been
attained or that appropriate and sufficient BMPs have been planned and/or offset fees paid). The
calculations will be verified by the Engineering Department then, and again prior to issuance of the
Certificate of Occupancy (to ensure that the site was developed as planned, and that any required
BMPs have been constructed properly).
Method I for residential developments where lots are shown but the actual footprint of
buildings are not shown on site plans. The impervious surface resulting from building
footprints is estimated based on typical impervious area associated with a given lot size.
Figure 2.1 contains the worksheet for this calculation.
2. Method 2 for residential, commercial, and industrial developments when the entire
footprint of the roads, parking lots, buildings, and any other built -upon area is shown on
the site plans. Figure 2.2 contains the worksheet for this calculation.
For nonresidential subdivisions where the impervious surfaces are not shown on the
plans at the time of submittal, the developer or builder will specify areas of impervious
surface, undisturbed open space, and managed open space in their Building Permit
application, assuming the maximum impervious surfaces and minimum open space for
the project design. The City has established the Building Permit as a legal, enforceable
mechanism to hold the developer or builder accountable for their estimations of each land
use type. The developer or builder will then use Method 2 (Figure 2.2) for their
calculation.
4. For redevelopment projects, Method 2 must be used to estimate the nitrogen loading
from the site before and after the redevelopment project takes place. As long as the
redevelopment project does not increase the nitrogen loading from the site, the developer
shall be exempt from the program requirements for nitrogen control on new development.
To determine how a site should be defined in terms of new development or redevelopment,
developers should consult Table 2.1 Decision Tree and read the summary that follows. Terms that
are used in Table 2.1 are defined in Table 2.2 Definitions.
Page MR R

Table 2.1 Decision Tree
Is the site defined properly, i.e., 1) if a
NO
Resubmit the site plan once the site has
subdivision for single family housing or
been correctly defined.
duplexes, are all the individual lots and
common areas included in the tract of
land submitted by the developer, 2) if a
multifamily, industrial, retail, or
commercial development without any
subdivision, is all the land on the site
included as one lot or parcel, or 3) if a
subdivided multifamily, industrial, retail,
or commercial development, all land that
is not part of the subdivision is contained
within one lot or parcel, and all lots are
included in the tract of land submitted by
the developer?
YES
Will the activity at the site disturb greater
NO
The site does not fall under the purview
than one-half acre (for a multifamily
of the City/County's SWMP
residential development or a commercial,
industrial, or institutional facility) or one
acre (single family or duplex residential
development or a recreational facility) of
land?
YES
Will the activity at the site add to or
NO
The site does not fit the definition of
change the amount of impervious or
development as shown in 15A NCAC
partially impervious surface of the site, or
0213.0202 (23) and therefore does not
otherwise decrease the infiltration of
fall under the purview of the
precipitation?
City/County's SWMP
YES
Has the site or a portion of the site ever
NO
Follow the rules in the SWMP for new
been developed?
development.
YES
Is the footprint of the built-up/impervious
NO
Follow the rules in the SWMP for new
areas of the site known?
development
YES
Is the new use of the site the same as its
NO
Follow the rules in the SWMP for new
previous use?
development
YES
Does the site or portion of the site have
NO
Follow the rules in the SWMP for
existing buildings, roadways, parking
redevelopment.
areas, or other built-up areas?
YES
Page 9 of 37

Will any portion of the existing built-up
YES
Follow the rules in the SWMP for
area be rebuilt, demolished and/or
redevelopment.
removed?
NOS
Will buildings, roadways, parking, or
YES
Follow the rules in the SWMP for new
other built-up areas be added to the site?
development for that portion of the site
where activity will occur after the
effective date of the SWMP (March 1,
2001).
NOS
Will the land -disturbing activity result in
YES
Follow the rules in the SWMP for new
an increase of impervious or partially
development for that portion of the site
impervious area, such as the managed
where activity will occur after the
portions of a golf course?
effective date of the SWMP (March 1,
2001).
NOS
As long as the site does not increase the
impervious or partially impervious area
of the site, and provides equal or greater
stormwater control than the previous
development, the site meets the
requirements of the SWMP.
Summary:
An activity is considered new development if the site meets any one of the following:
• The site has never been developed.
• The site was developed and then demolished and no footprint of the previous impervious area
is available.
• The site was developed and then demolished and the previous use of the site has changed.
• If a portion of a site is undergoing redevelopment and another portion of this site that was
previously undeveloped is undergoing improvement, then the activity on the previously
undeveloped portion of this site is considered new development.
An activity is considered redevelopment if the site meets any one of the following:
• The site was developed and then demolished and a footprint of the previous impervious area
is available.
The site was developed prior to March 1, 2001, which is the implementation date of the
City's ordinance for Stormwater Management for New Development.
In addition, for either new development or redevelopment, the site boundaries must contain only
one parcel, lot or tract of land. Adjoining parcels, lots or tracts of land cannot be utilized for
calculation of nitrogen export and/or peak runoff unless the adjoining parcels, lots or tracts of land
are combined with the original site into one parcel in accordance with the City's Subdivision
Regulations.
Page 10 of 37

Table 2.2 Definitions
Terns
Definitions and Source
Development
Any land disturbing activity which adds to or changes the amount
of impervious or partially impervious cover on a land area or which
otherwise decreases the infiltration of precipitation into the soil
North Carolina Administrative Code, NCAC .
New Development
Development that has occurred since March 1, 2001 and previously
developed sites that add built -upon area after March 1,
2001 Goldsboro's Stormwater Management Program, SWMP .
Redevelopment
Previously developed sites that undergo rebuilding activity after
March 1, 2001 SWMP .
Built -upon Area
Built -upon Area means that portion of a development project that is
covered by impervious or partially impervious cover including
buildings, pavement, gravel areas (e.g. roads, parking lots, paths),
recreation facilities (e.g. tennis courts), etc. (Note: Wooden slatted
decks and the water area of a swimming pool are considered
pervious) CAC .
Rebuild
1) To build again. 2) To make extensive structural repairs on. 3) To
remodel or make extensive changes in: tried to rebuild society
Dictiona
Lot
A portion of a subdivision or any other parcel of land intended as a
unit for transfer of ownership or for development or both
Goldsboro Ordinance).
Subdivision
Includes all divisions of a tract or parcel of land into two or more
lots, building sites, or other divisions, for the purpose, whether
immediate or future, of sale or building development, and ...
Goldsboro Ordinance).
Tract
1) An extended area, as of land or water. 2) A development.
(Dictionary)
Page 11 of 37

Figure 2.1 Worksheet for Method 1: Quantifying Total Nitrogen Export from Residential
Developments when Building and Driveway Footprints are Not Shown
Step 1: Determine area for each type of land use and enter in Column (2).
Step 2: Total the areas for each type of land use and enter at the bottom of Column (2).
Step 3: Determine the TN export coefficient associated with right-of-way using Graph 1.
Step 4: Determine the TN export coefficient associated with lots using Graph 2.
Step 5: Multiply the areas in Column (2) by the TN export coefficients in Column (3) and enter in
Column (4).
Step 6: Total the TN exports for each type of land use and enter at the bottom of Column (4).
Step 7: Determine the export coefficient for site by dividing the total TN export from uses at the
bottom of Column (4) by the total area at the bottom of Column (2).
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Type of Land Cover
Area
TN export coeff.
TN export from use
acres
bs/ac/ r
lbs/ r
Permanently protected
0.6
undisturbed open space (forest,
unmown meadow
Permanently protected managed
1.2
open sace(grass, landscaping, etc.
Right-of-way (read TN export from
Graph 1
Lots read TN export from Graph 2
TOTAL
25.0
20.0
U
CC
;S 15.0
10.0
w
H 5.0
Graph 1: Total Nitrogen Export from Right -of -Way
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120%
Percentage of Right -of -Way that is Pavement
Page 12 of 37
F-1

Figure 2.1 (cont'd). Worksheet for Method 1: Quantifying Total Nitrogen Export from
Residential Developments when Building and Driveway Footprints are
Not Shown
Graph 2: Total Nitrogen Export from Lots
12.00
10.00
8.00
a
U
f6
N
6.00
0
O
Q
X
W
Z
~ 4.00
2.00
0.00 +
0
Total Nitrogen Export from Lots
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32
Number of Dwelling Units per Acre
F-2
Page 13 of 37

Figure 2.2 Worksheet for Method 2: Quantifying Total Nitrogen Export from
Residential/Industrial/Commercial Developments when Footprints of all
Impervious Surfaces are Shown
Step 1: Determine area for each type of land use and enter in Column (2).
Step 2: Total the areas for each type of land use and enter at the bottom of Column (2).
Step 3: Multiply the areas in Column (2) by the TN export coefficients in Column (3) and enter in
Column (4).
Step 4: Total the TN exports for each type of land use and enter at the bottom of Column (4).
Step 5: Determine the export coefficient for site by dividing the total TN export from uses at the
bottom of Column 4 by the total area at the bottom of Column 2 .
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Type of Land Cover
Area
TN export coeff.
TN export from use
acres
bs/ac/ r
lbs/ r
Permanently protected
0.6
undisturbed open space (forest,
unmown meadow
Permanently protected managed
1.2
open sace(grass, landscaping, etc.
Impervious surfaces (roads, parking
21.2
lots, driveways, roofs, paved storage
areas, etc.
TOTAL
---
The rule requires that all new developments achieve a nitrogen export of less than or equal to 3.6 pounds per
acre per year. If the development contributes greater than 3.6 lbs/ac/yr of nitrogen, then the options shown in
Table 2.2a are available based on whether the development is residential or nonresidential.
Table 2.2a: Nitrogen Export Reduction Options
Residential
Commercial / Industrial
If the computed export is less than 6.0
If the computed export is less than 10.0
lbs/ac/yr, then the owner may either:
lbs/ac/yr, then the owner may either:
1. Install BMPs to remove enough
1. Install BMPs to remove enough
nitrogen to bring the development
nitrogen to bring the development
down to 3.6 lbs/ac/yr.
down to 3.6 lbs/ac/yr.
2. Pay a one-time offset payment of
2. Pay a one-time offset payment of
$850.50/lb to bring the nitrogen down
$850.50/lb to bring the nitrogen down
to the 3.6 lbs/ac/yr.
to the 3.6 lbs/ac/yr.
3. Do a combination of BMPs and offset
3. Do a combination of BMPs and offset
payment to achieve a 3.6 lbs/ac/yr
payment to achieve a 3.6 lbs/ac/yr
export.
export.
If the computed export is greater than 6.0
If the computed export is greater than 10.0
lbs/ac/yr, then the owner must use on -site
lbs/ac/yr, then the owner must use on -site
BMPs to bring the development's export
BMPs to bring the development's export
down to 6.0 lbs/ac/yr. Then, the owner
down to 10.0 lbs/ac/yr. Then, the owner
may use one of the three options above to
may use one of the three options above to
achieve the reduction between 6.0 and 3.6
achieve the reduction between 10.0 and 3.6
lbs/ac/ r.
I lbs/ac/ r.
F-3
Page 14 of 37

Peak Runoff Worksheet
For Small Drainage Areas in Mid-Neuse Basin
Pre -Development
Undisturbed
Managed
Impervious
Total
Area
AU =
AM =
A1=
AT =
C (weighted average)
0.2
0.3
0.9
Equation 1
Cw = 0.2 * AU + 0.3 * A�,,1 + 0.9 * Al) / AT
Cw =
Time of Concentration
Height of most remote point above outlet
H =
Length (maximum) of stormwater travel
L =
Equation 2
Toc = f L3 / H 0.385 — 128
L
Toc =
Intensi
Equation 3
I = 112 /(20+Toc)
I=
Quantity of Flow
Equation 4
QppE = AT * Cw * I
QPRE —
Post -Development
Undisturbed
Managed
Im envious
Total
Area
AU =
AM =
A1=
AT =
C (weighted average)
0.2
0.3
0.9
Equation 1
Cw = 0.2 * AU + 0.3 * AM + 0.9 * Al / AT
Cw =
Time of Concentration
Height of most remote point above outlet
H =
Length (maximum) of stormwater travel
L =
Equation 2
Toc=[( L3 / H 0.385 — 128
Toc =
Intensity
Equation 3
I = 112 / 20+Toc
I =
Quantity of Flow
Equation 4
Qpost = AT * Cw * I
QPost =
Notes:
May use Figure 8.03a (Nomograph) from NC Erosion and Sediment Control Planning and Design Manual
Use equation or nomograph for
natural basins with well defined channels,
overland flow on bare earth,
and mowed grass roadside channels.
For overland flow, grassed surfaces, multiply Toc by 2
For overland flow, concrete or asphalt surfaces, multiply Toc by 0.4
For concrete channels, multiply Toc by 0.2
Version 03/26/01
Prepared by
Project
Date
Page 15 of 37
F-4

2.1.2 Methodology for Calculating Peak Runoff Volumes
The Neuse Stormwater Rule states that there can be no net increase in peak flow leaving a new development site
from the predevelopment conditions for the 1-year, 24-hour storm. The Inspection Department will provide the
developer or builder with a worksheet (Figure 2.3) that employs The Rational Method to determine the peak
flow from both the pre -development (performed prior to issuance of the Building Permit) and post -development
(performed prior to issuance of the Certificate of Occupancy) conditions. The Rational Method is the most
common method for computing the peak rate of runoff from small drainage basins (up to 150 acres). If peak
runoff needs to be calculated from a larger drainage area (more than 150 acres), the Peak Discharge Method as
described in the USDA Soil Conservation Service's Technical Release Number 55 (TR-55) will be employed.
This methodology will be used for computing pre- and post -development conditions. (Note: The Putnam
Method, while allowed by the Model Plan, was developed specifically for the Piedmont region of North
Carolina, and will not be used for calculations in Goldsboro, which lies in the Coastal Plain.)
The equation for calculating peak runoff under the Rational Method is:
QP = Aci
where
QP = peak runoff, cfs
A = drainage area, acres
c = runoff coefficient, dimensionless
i = rainfall intensity, inches/hour
The acreage for each land use type will already be known from calculating the nitrogen export as
described in Section 2.1.1. The runoff coefficients for a variety of surface types can be gotten from
a table, such as the one developed by the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) & Water
Environmental Federation (in Design and Construction of Urban Stormwater Management Systems,
1972). However, as stated by John E. Gribbin in Hydraulics and Hydrology for Stormwater
Management (1997), typical design values for runoff coefficients are 0.90 for impervious surfaces,
0.30 for permanently protected managed open space (such as lawns), and 0.20 for permanently
protected undisturbed open space (such as woods and brush).
In keeping with the spirit of the rule, and to maintain consistency with the approach taken to
calculate total nitrogen export (where total nitrogen export coefficients are set), Goldsboro will adopt
these typical design values for the runoff coefficient. This will result in a more consistent, objective,
and straightforward calculation of peak runoff that does not need to take into account the effects of
soils, rainfall intensity and duration, slope, and impervious surface. A worksheet has been prepared
for the Rational Method peak runoff calculation (Figure 2.3) which is patterned after the method
outlined in the NC Erosion and Sedimentation Control Planning and Design Manual.
The peak runoff calculation will be performed by the developer or builder for their Building Permit
submission. Prior to issuance of a Building Permit, the post -development peak flow must be
calculated to be equal to or less than the pre -development peak flow (which may require the
implementation of one or more BMPs), unless one of the two following conditions are met:
Page 16 of 37

• The increase in peak flow between the pre- and post -development conditions does not exceed
ten percent.
• The proposed new development meets all of the following criteria: overall impervious
surface is less than 15 percent, and the remaining pervious portions of the site are utilized to
the maximum extent practical to convey and control the stormwater runoff (as determined by
the City Engineering Department).
Upon completion of the development project, and prior to approval of a Certificate of Occupancy,
the post -development peak flow will again be calculated to ensure compliance with the regulations
detailed above. Section 32.089 of the City Ordinances establishes the administrative procedure for
ensuring this step by stating, "No Certificate of Occupancy shall be issued by the Building Inspector
until the Planning Department and the Engineering Department of the city have certified that site
improvements have been completed in accordance with the plan previously submitted and
approved."
Because of the existence of local flooding problems, peak flow calculations may indicate the need
for stormwater detention in areas that would actually increase flooding problems as a result of their
implementation. For sites that are in (or drain to) these flood -prone areas, exemptions may be
granted on a case -by -case basis. Chapter 151 of the City Code of Ordinances details Flood Damage
Prevention and addresses this problem, and is included in Appendix B. Section 151.04 (E) states
that this ordinance is designed to "Prevent or regulate the construction of flood barriers which will
unnaturally divert flood waters or which may increase flood hazards to other lands."
2.1.3 Goldsboro's Choice for Protection of Riparian Buffers in New Developments
The Neuse Stormwater Rule requires local governments to ensure that riparian areas are protected on
new developments in accordance with the Riparian Buffer Rule (15A NCAC 2B .0233). The rule
requires protecting and maintaining the 50-foot riparian buffers on all sides of intermittent and
perennial streams, ponds, lakes, and estuaries in the Neuse River Basin. These waters must be
shown on the most recent version of either a Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Soil
Survey county map or a 1:24,000 scale (7.5 minute quadrangle) topographic map prepared by the US
Geological Survey (USGS).
The City of Goldsboro will refrain from issuing local approvals for any new development activity
that is proposed to take place within the first 50 feet adjacent to an affected water body, unless:
a. the person requesting the approval does not propose to impact the riparian buffer of a surface
water indicated on the NRCS or USGS maps listed above, or
b. the property owner has received approval by DWQ. DWQ approval could be:
an on -site determination from DWQ that surface waters are not present,
an Authorization Certificate for a use designated as Allowable,
an Authorization Certificate and approval on a mitigation plan for a use designated as
Allowable with Mitigation, or
Page 17 of 37

a variance.
As part of this Stormwater Management Program, Goldsboro will record riparian areas to be
protected on new or modified plats.
2.2 Best Management Practices (BMPs)
2.2.1 Choosing BMPs
Site planning practices that reduce nitrogen loadings from new development (including reducing
impervious surfaces and protecting open spaces) will be encouraged; however, BMPs may still be
required. Property owners will be instructed to consider the ability of the BMP(s) to reduce their
nitrogen loading within acceptable limits, as well as the issues of aesthetics, long-term maintenance,
safety, and reliability of the BMP design.
In conjunction with the Public Education component of this plan (Section 5.0), information sources
will be made available to property owners and developers explaining the benefit to them of
incorporating site planning practices into their new development plans from the onset (reducing road
widths, reducing minimum parking requirements, minimizing use of curb and gutter, allowing
cluster or open -space developments, allowing traditional neighborhood developments, and others).
If they do not choose to incorporate these practices, or if BMPs are still required, information
sources may be provided on the various BMPs available for nitrogen reduction, their individual
effectiveness and cost, as well as data on which methods work best for the area's soil type(s). If
more than one BMP is installed in series on a development, then the removal rate shall be
determined through serial rather than additive calculations. As research and development in this
field progresses, information sources on new BMP techniques or improvements in established BMP
techniques may also be disseminated as part of the Public Education Action Plan.
The BMPs which may currently be utilized for reducing nitrogen from new developments are listed
below. The estimated total nitrogen removal rate for each BMP is included in parenthesis.
• Dry detention ponds 10%
• Wet detention ponds (25%)
• Constructed wetlands (40%)
• Open channel practices (20%)
• Riparian buffers (30%)
• Bioretention (25%)
• Vegetated filter strips with level spreader (20%)
• Sand filters (35%)
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• Proprietary BMPs (varies)
If a builder or developer includes one or more BMPs as part of the site design, they will be required
to provide an engineering certification of the design at the time they submit their Building Permit
application. Prior to issuance of a Certificate of Occupancy, the builder or developer will be
required to submit an engineering certification that the BMP was constructed as designed and is
operating properly.
2.2.2 Long -Term Maintenance Plan for BMPs
The Inspection Department will conduct annual inspections of all BMPs as part of their inspection
program. An annual inspection fee will be charged to fund this additional inspection program (as
adopted by the City Council). A current list of all BMPs, their location, and status will be
maintained by the Engineering Department to assist in the inspection process. BMPs will be
required to be on the same lot as the new development, unless waived because of potential flooding
problems, or unless an off -site location for the BMP has been approved by the City's Planning and
Engineering Departments.
The City of Goldsboro took the following approach for the long-term maintenance of BMPs:
The City will notify the owner upon finding that maintenance is needed on a BMP. If the owner
does not complete the maintenance in a timely manner (180 days), then the City will contract out
the maintenance and recover costs in the manner it determines most appropriate.
The Stormwater Management Ordinance (Appendix A) details the allowable BMPs as well as the
maintenance of BMPs. The maintenance section refers to Section 96 of the Code of Ordinances,
which contains the following subchapters: Improperly Operating BMPs are Prohibited,
Responsibility for Maintenance; Compliance with Provisions; and Inspections and Annual
Inspection Fee.
2.3 Local Ordinance Review of Land -Use Planning and Design Techniques
The Model Plan addresses the use of land -use planning provisions to reduce impervious surfaces
with design techniques and thereby reducing the need for BMPs and associated maintenance
concerns. Jurisdictions are required to show they reviewed local ordinances with regard to the
following planning techniques (and the general advantages and disadvantages of incorporating these
approaches at the local level) and show that they have provided adequate flexibility for developers to
utilize planning measures to reduce impervious surfaces. This review is intended to look for
opportunities where these measures could be allowed, or obstacles to their use could be removed.
• Reducing road widths
• Reducing minimum parking requirements
• Minimizing curb and gutter use
• Cluster or open -space developments
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• Traditional neighborhood developments
• Mixed -use developments
This review is underway by the Planning and Engineering Departments. It is anticipated that
Goldsboro will insert verbiage into the City Ordinances as well as in the Technical Design and
Details Manual which encourages, and allows for, variances in the items listed above. Variations in
those planning and design techniques will be considered on a case -by -case basis provided that the
measures would decrease impervious surface area, while still fulfilling the basic needs of the
Planning and Engineering Departments.
2.4 Jurisdiction -Wide and Inter -local Approaches
Jurisdiction -wide and inter -local approaches may be incorporated into the City's Stormwater
Management Program if appropriate information shows how they will achieve the nitrogen loading
reduction requirements applicable to new development. Some ideas include:
• Creating regional stormwater management facilities (such as ponds). Would require on -site
controls to locally protect against water quality degradation and flooding, and Neuse buffer
requirements may impact the feasibility of some approaches.
"Land Banking" within the same watershed where development is occurring. Land should
have significant water quality value and secured in a permanent conservation easement or
equivalent legal mechanism prohibiting both farming and unapproved logging practices,
tracked on GIS, and recorded on the plat or deed.
Prior to incorporating such approaches into the City's Stormwater Management Program, it will
demonstrate and quantify the associated nitrogen removals to DWQ and the EMC.
2.5 EPA's Phase II Stormwater Requirements
EPA's Phase II Stormwater Rule contains two minimum control measures which fall within this
Program Plan for New Development: Construction Site Runoff Control and Post -Construction
Runoff Control. Because of the way the Neuse Stormwater Rule is structured — limiting nitrogen
export, freezing peak runoff volumes, establishing protection for riparian buffers in new
development, and requiring the installation and maintenance of BMPs where necessary — the
majority of the Phase II requirements for development controls are addressed through this Program
Plan. However, modifications have been incorporated into this SWMP to comply with the Phase II
program in the future.
2.5.1 Construction Site Runoff Control
The Construction Site Runoff Control Minimum Control Measure requires a regulatory mechanism
to control polluted runoff from construction sites; a site plan review process to control erosion and
sediment and other waste at the site; an inspection and enforcement program of control measures to
deter infractions; and a procedure for the receipt and consideration of public enquires, concerns, and
information submitted regarding local construction activities. The State Sedimentation Control Act
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(Title 15A, Chapter 4) and the State's NPDES general stormwater permit for construction activities
substantially address all of these issues.
2.5.2 Post -Construction Runoff Control
The Post -Construction Site Runoff Control Minimum Control Measure requires the development
and implementation of strategies which include a combination of structural and/or nonstructural
BMPs; an ordinance or other regulatory mechanism requiring the implementation of post -
construction runoff controls; and a method to ensure adequate long-term operation and maintenance
controls. These provisions are included in this Stormwater Management Program.
3. Program Plan for Illegal Discharges
3.1 Establishing Legal Authority to Control Illegal Discharges
The Neuse Stormwater Rule requires that selected local governments establish a program to prevent,
identify, and remove illegal discharges. Under Title XV, Land Usage, the Goldsboro City Council
has adopted a new chapter (Chapter 156) for their Code of Ordinances entitled "An Ordinance to
Implement Regulations Regarding Illegal Stormwater Discharges Related to the City of Goldsboro's
Stormwater Management Program" to establish this authority within the City proper and its ETJ.
This ordinance is included as Appendix C of this Stormwater Management Program and shows that
Goldsboro will be able to:
• Control the contribution of pollutants to the stormwater collection system associated with
industrial activity.
• Prohibit illegal discharges to the stormwater collection system.
• Prohibit discharge of spills and disposal of materials other than stormwater to the stormwater
collection system.
• Determine compliance and noncompliance.
• Require compliance and undertake enforcement measures in cases of noncompliance.
Tables 3.1 and 3.2, respectively, identify some discharges that are and are not allowed to the stormwater
collection system.
3.2 Collecting Jurisdiction -Wide Information
The City will collect geographic information at three increasing levels of detail:
• First, most cursory level of information shall be collected for the entire jurisdiction.
• Second level is a more detailed screening for high priority areas within the jurisdiction.
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Table 3.1 Discharges that May be Allowable to the Stormwater Collection System
Waterline Flushing
Landscape Irrigation
Diverted Stream Flows
Uncontaminated Rising
Uncontaminated Ground
Uncontaminated Pumped
Ground Water
Water Infiltration to
Ground Water
Stormwater Collection System
Discharges from Potable
Foundation Drains
Uncontaminated Air
Water Sources
Conditioning Condensation
Irrigation Water
Springs
Water from Crawl Space
Pumps
Footing Drains
Lawn Watering
Non-commercial Car Washing
Flows from Riparian Habitats
NPDES Permitted Discharges
Street Wash Water
and Wetlands
Fire Fighting Emergency
Wash Water from the
Dechlormated Backwash and
Activities
Cleaning of Buildings
Draining Associated with
Swimming Pools
Table 3.2 Types of Discharges that are not Allowed to the Stormwater Collection System
Dumping of Oil, Anti -freeze,
Commercial Car Wash
Industrial Discharges
Paint, Cleaning Fluids
Contaminated Foundation
Cooling Water Unless No
Washwaters from Commercial/
Drains
Chemicals Added and Has
Industrial Activities
NPDES Permit
Sanitary Sewer Discharges
Septic Tank Discharges
Washing Machine Discharges
Chlorinated Backwash and
Draining Associated with
Swimming Pools
Third level is a very detailed investigation that shall be done upon the discovery of an illegal
discharge.
The purpose of collecting jurisdiction -wide information (which must be completed by the second
annual report in October 2002) is to assist with identifying potential illegal discharge sources and
characterizing illegal discharges after they are discovered. The Engineering Department will be
responsible for collecting and mapping the jurisdiction -wide information which will be compiled at a
scale no greater than 1:24,000 to show the following:
• Location of sanitary sewers in areas of the major stormwater collection systems and the
location of areas that are not served by sanitary sewers.
• Waters that appear on the NRCS Soil Survey Maps and the USGS 1:24,000 scale topographic
maps.
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• Land uses. Categories, at a minimum, should include undeveloped, residential, commercial,
agriculture, industrial, institutional, publicly owned open space, and others.
• Currently operating and known closed municipal landfills and other treatment, storage, and
disposal facilities, including for hazardous materials.
• Major stormwater structural controls, to include major stormwater outfalls and identification
of their receiving waters (as required by Phase II).
• Known NPDES permitted discharges to the stormwater collection system (this list can be
obtained from DWQ).
Written descriptions will be provided for map components as follows:
• A summary table of municipal waste facilities that includes the names of the facilities, the
status (open/closed), the types, and addresses.
• A summary table of the NPDES permitted dischargers that includes the name of the permit
holder, the address of the facility and permit number.
• A summary table of the major structural stormwater control structures that shows the type of
structure, area served, party responsible for maintaining, and age of structure.
• A summary table of publicly owned open space that identifies size, location, and primary
function of each open area.
3.3 Mapping and Field Screening in High Priority Areas
As part of the October 2002 annual report, the Engineering Department will identify a high priority
area for more detailed mapping and field screening (at least 20 percent of the jurisdiction area).
Each subsequent year, another high priority area of at least 20 percent size will be chosen. In this
way, Goldsboro will complete their high priority area mapping by 2007, which will meet expected
EPA Phase II requirements.
"High Priority" means the areas where it is most likely to locate illegal discharges (e.g., older
development). The basis of the annual selection of each high priority area will be explained in the
annual report.
The first part of the screening process for the selected area is mapping of the stormwater system,
which should include:
Locations of the outfalls of any pipes from nonindustrial areas that are greater than or equal
to 36 inches.
Locations of the outfalls of any pipes from industrial areas that are greater than or equal to 12
inches.
• Locations of drainage ditches that drain more than 50 acres of nonindustrial land.
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• Locations of drainage ditches that drain more than 2 acres of industrial land.
An accompanying summary table listing the outfalls that meet the above criteria that includes
outfall ID numbers, location, primary and supplemental classification of receiving water, and
use -support of receiving water.
The second part of the screening process is conducting a dry weather field screening of all outfalls
that meet the criteria to detect illegal discharges. The General Services Department will be
responsible for overseeing the dry weather field screening which will not be conducted during or
within 72 hours following a rain event of 0.1 inches or greater. In residential areas, field screening
will be scheduled either before 9:00 am or after 5:00 pm (if possible), hours when citizens are most
likely to be home and illegal discharges are more likely to be evident. A field screening process,
such as that illustrated in Figure 3.1, will be followed.
Figure 3.1 Field Screening Process
No flow
Screen outfall in high priority area
Flow
found
Inspect and sample flow
Investigate source of flow, considering
the following:
• Jurisdiction -wide information collected
• Field investigation of drainage area of
outfall
• Sampling data
• Qualitative observations -- sheen, odor,
turbidity, etc.
Remove illegal discharge
Check for signs of intermittent flow *
Flow I No flow
found
Outfall OK
* Checking for intermittent flow includes rechecking outfall at a later date as well as visual observations for evidence
of intermittent flow.
Note: Analytical monitoring is required only if an obvious source of the dry weather flow cannot be determined
through an investigation of the upstream stormwater collection system.
Page 24 of 37
F-5

If field screening shows that an outfall is dry, then the outfall should be checked for intermittent flow
at a later date. If the field screening shows that an outfall has a dry weather flow, then a screening
report for the outfall will be completed. The field screening report will contain information similar
to that detailed in Table 3.3 (general information, field site description, visual observations, and any
required sampling analyses). Analytical monitoring is required only if an obvious source of the dry
weather flow cannot be determined through an investigation of the upstream stormwater collection
system. Screening reports will be kept for five years.
Outfalls with flow will be screened again within 24 hours for the parameters included in the field
screening report. Any tests for ammonia and nitrate/nitrite that are purchased will be sensitive for
0.1 to 10 mg/L.
Table 3.3 Field Screening Report Information
General Information
Sheet Number
Outfall ID Number
Date
Time
Date, Time and Quantity
of Last Rainfall Event
Field Site Description
Location
Type of Outfall
Dominant Watershed Land Use(s)
Visual Observations
Photograph
Deposits/Stains
Odor
Vegetation Condition
Color
Structural Condition
Clarity
Biological
Floatables
Flow Estimation
Sampling Analysis *
Temperature
Nitrogen-Nitrate/Nitrite
pH
Fluoride or Chlorine
Nitrogen -Ammonia
* Analytical monitoring is required only if an obvious source of the dry weather flow cannot be determined through an investigation
of the upstream stormwater collection system.
3.4 Identifying and Removing Megal Discharges
After the field screening is complete, the General Services Department will take measures to identify
and remove illegal discharges. The jurisdiction -wide information compiled as the first step in this
process will be consulted for information on land uses, infrastructure, industries, potential sources,
and types of pollution that exist in the drainage area of the outfall.
After potential sources have been identified, the General Services Department will be responsible for
planning a systematic field investigation to minimize the amount of resources required to identify the
source. Several field methods may be used for identifying illegal discharges, with the simplest
approach recommended, if that will suffice. From simplest to more complex, the recommended
approaches are:
• Site investigation.
• Additional chemical analysis (recommend testing for fecal coliform if the ammonia
concentration is found to exceed 1.0 mg.L).
Page 25 of 37
F-5

• Flow monitoring (multiple site visits recommended rather than a depth indicator).
• Dye testing (fluorescent dye is recommended).
• Smoke testing.
• Television inspection.
Documentation of the results of the office and field investigations will be kept on file for five years
with the screening report.
After the source of an illegal discharge is identified, enforcement action will be taken to have the
source removed or redirected to the sanitary sewer. Appendix C, which contains the adopted
ordinance to establish authority to control illegal discharges, also contains the authority to order a
source removed (or redirected) and penalties for noncompliance. Records of compliance actions will
be kept for five years with the screening report.
In addition to keeping all screening reports on file, the Engineering Department will maintain a map
of:
• Points of identified illegal discharges.
• Watershed boundaries of the outfalls where illegal discharges have been identified.
• An accompanying table that summarizes the illegal discharges that have been identified that
includes location, a description of pollutant(s) identified, and removal status.
City personnel will be trained in how to conduct a thorough field screening, how to review the field
screening results in conjunction with the jurisdiction -wide information collected previously, and how
to plan an effective field investigation to identify the source of an illegal discharge. The training of
City personnel to undertake the process of investigating and identifying illegal discharges will be
multi -phased. Training materials (pamphlets, flyers, and/or booklets) will be disseminated to all
involved personnel as part of Goldsboro's Public Education Action Plan (Section 5.0). It is
anticipated that most (if not all) of these materials can be obtained from agencies such as DWQ and
the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). In addition, the written training materials may be
accompanied by seminars and hands-on field training. The General Services Department will be
responsible for coordinating personnel training and for scheduling all illegal discharge activities.
3.5 Preventing Discharges and Establishing a Hotline
The Planning and Finance Departments will contact persons who are responsible for establishments
that are likely sources of illegal discharges (e.g., auto sales, rental, and repair businesses, lawn care
companies, cleaners, and certain types of contractors). A letter (see sample letter in Appendix D)
will be mailed to all such businesses that can be identified. The mailing list will be compiled from
sources such as the Chamber of Commerce listings, the local Yellow Pages, and business tax rolls,
and will be mailed before the first annual report is due in October 2001.
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By October 2001, the Community Affairs Department will establish an illegal discharge hotline as a
cost-effective way to identify illegal discharges. There will be a recording advising citizens what to
do if they call during nonbusiness hours, or in the case where an illegal discharge is perceived to be
an emergency. The Inspection Department will investigate all potential illegal discharges identified
through the hotline. Part of the Public Education Action Plan (discussed in Section 5.0) will be to
educate citizens about what types of discharges should not go to the stormwater collection system
and make them aware of the hotline.
Table 3.4 is a summary table showing the phased implementation schedule for illegal discharges.
Table 3.4 Phased Implementation Schedule for Illegal Discharge Activities
Year
Implementation Requirements
Annual Report requirements
By March 9,
• Establish legal authority to
• Submit report identifying
2001
address illegal discharges.
established legal authority to meet
requirements.
By October 2002
• Collect jurisdiction -wide
• Report on completion of
information.
jurisdiction —wide information
collection.
• Select high priority area for
additional screening.
• Submit map of high priority areas
and reason for selection.
• Initiate illegal discharge hotline.
• Report on initiation of illegal
discharge hotline.
Each subsequent
• Complete mapping and field
• Submit map of stormwater
year after 2002
screening for high priority area.
collection system in high priority
area upon request by DWQ.
• Select next high priority area.
• Document illegal discharges
• Identify and remove illegal
found and resulting action.
discharges as encountered.
• Report on hotline usage and
• Continue operating illegal
actions taken.
discharge hotline.
• Submit map of next high priority
area and reason for selection.
3.6 EPA's Phase II Stormwater Requirements
The Program Plan for Illegal Discharges outlined above for the Neuse Stormwater Rule, in
conjunction with the Public Education Action Plan detailed in Section 5.0, addresses the expected
requirements of EPA's Phase II Stormwater, Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination Minimum
Control Measure. Adjustments have been made to this Stormwater Management Program to comply
Page 27 of 37

with the requirements of EPA's Phase II Stormwater rule based upon NCDENR's instructions for
the Phase II Stormwater Permit. The Phase II Program includes the following:
A storm sewer system map, showing the location of all outfalls and the names and location
of all waters of the US that receive discharges from those outfalls. During the collection of
jurisdiction —wide information, all waters will be mapped that appear on NRCS Soil Survey
Map and USGS 1:24,000 scale topographic map. Outfalls will be mapped during the
mapping and field screening of each high -priority area; however, the outfall mapping
schedule for this program (Meuse Stormwater Rule) must be accelerated to meet the expected
Phase II requirements.
That an ordinance, or other regulatory mechanism, establish a prohibition on non -storm
water discharges into the municipal separate storm sewer systems (MS4), and appropriate
enforcementprocedures and actions. The ordinances established in response to the Neuse
Stormwater Rule will fulfill this requirement.
A plan to detect and address non -storm water discharges, including illegal dumping, into
the MS4s. The ordinances established in response to the Neuse Stormwater Rule will fulfill
this requirement.
The education of public employees, businesses, and the general public about the hazards
associated with illegal discharges and improper disposal of waste. The Public Education
Action Plan (detailed in Section 5.0) lays the groundwork for a comprehensive stormwater
education program for the City of Goldsboro. The required Phase II elements are already a
part of this program. Additional elements have been added to the Action Plan for the Neuse
Stormwater Rule now that the State has issued the Phase II Permit.
The determination of appropriate best management practices and measurable goals for this
minimum control measure. The Phase II Stormwater rules recommend four steps for their
plan: (1) locate problem areas, (2) find the source, (3) remove/correct illicit connections, and
(4) document actions taken. This Program Plan for Illegal Discharges addresses all of the
Phase II components, and required only minimal changes to comply with Phase II
Stormwater requirements.
4. Retrofit Locations
4.1 Annual Retrofit Actions
Goldsboro will establish a program to identify places within existing developed areas that are
suitable for retrofits. Based on their current census figures, Goldsboro will identify a minimum of
three retrofit locations each year. Possible sites for retrofits will be selected by the Planning and
Engineering Departments. The Engineering Department will then conduct a feasibility study of each
site before compiling a final list of acceptable sites. This list will be submitted to the Stakeholders
Committee to set the priority for each site, and then to the Steering Committee for approval of the
final selections (see Section 5.0 for more information on the Stakeholders and Steering Committees).
The retrofit information tables, which must be included in the annual report, will be prepared by the
Engineering Department during each feasibility study.
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Retrofit opportunities will be considered acceptable if all of the following conditions have been
investigated:
• The retrofit, if implemented, clearly has the potential to reduce nitrogen loading to the
receiving water.
• The watershed is clearly contributing nitrogen loading above background levels.
• The landowner where the retrofit is proposed is willing to have the retrofit installed on his
property (often the most difficult aspect of implementing a retrofit).
• There is adequate space and access for the retrofit.
• It is technically practical to install a retrofit at that location.
Sites may be carried over to meet minimum requirements for up to two subsequent years provided
that BMPs/retrofits have not been implemented and the site continues to meet the criteria above on
an annual basis.
4.2 Data Collection and Notification
Each retrofit opportunity that is identified will be accompanied by information to describe the
location of the retrofit, the type of retrofit being proposed, the property owner, as well as basic
information about the watershed and the receiving water. Table 4.1 (Table 4b from the Model Plan)
or one very similar to it will be completed for each retrofit opportunity and be submitted on October
30 of each year, beginning in 2001, as part of the annual report.
Table 4.1 Retrofit Opportunity Table
Location description, including
directions from a major highway
Type and description of retrofit
opportunity
Current property owner
Is the property owner willing to
cooperate?
Land area available for retrofit (sq. ft.)
Accessibility to retrofit site
Drainage area size (acres)
Land use in drainage area (percent of
each type of land use)
Average slope in drainage area (%)
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Environmentally sensitive areas in
drainage area (steep slopes, wetlands,
riparian buffers, endangered/ threatened
species habitat)
Approximate annual nitrogen loading
from drainage area (lbs/acre/ ear) *
Potential nitrogen reduction (lbs/ac/yr)
Estimated cost of retrofit
Receiving water
DWQ classification of receiving water
Use support rating for receiving water
Other important information
* Suggested methodology: Use Figure 2.2 from Section 2.0 (Method 2) to compute nitrogen export from the drainage area based
on the amount of impervious surface, landscaped area and forested area in the watershed.
DWQ will be responsible for posting the retrofit opportunities on its Web Page and also for notifying
a minimum of 11 organizations of the opportunities for retrofitting within existing developed areas.
4.3 Mapping Identified Retrofit Locations
Goldsboro will prepare maps which show the locations of the retrofit opportunities (the mapping
may be accomplished by using computers or with existing hard copy maps). The scale of the map
will be large enough to adequately identify the following required parameters:
• Drainage area to retrofit opportunity site.
• Land uses within the drainage area.
• Location of retrofit opportunity.
• Property boundaries in the vicinity of the retrofit opportunity.
• Significant hydrography (as depicted on USGS topographic maps and NRCS Soil Survey
maps).
• Roads.
• Environmentally sensitive areas (steep slopes, wetlands, riparian buffers,
endangered/threatened species habitat — where available).
• Publicly owned parks, recreation areas, and other open lands.
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5. Public Education and Public Involvement
5.1 Public Education Action Plan
The Neuse Stormwater Rule requires that Goldsboro develop a locally administered environmental
education program (a Public Education Action Plan) to address nitrogen loading issues. This Action
Plan will outline the proposed education activities for the upcoming year, and will identify target
audiences and anticipated costs of the program. Goldsboro will submit their annual Action Plan to
DWQ for approval prior to October 1 of each year, starting October 1, 2001.
The Action Plan will consist of activities from each of the two categories listed in Table 5.1.
Innovative activities not included in this table may be considered on a case -by -case basis. All
activities must be designed to raise awareness and educate the audience about water quality,
nonpoint source pollution, and the effects of everyday activities on water quality and nutrient
loading. At least one of these activities will be directed at educating the citizens about what types of
discharges should not go to the stormwater collection system and to making them aware of the
illegal discharge hotline. In addition to the Category 1 and 2 activities, this Action Plan will include
two technical workshops in the first year and a toll free hotline for reporting illegal discharges.
Table 5.1 Public Education Action Plan Category 1 and 2 Activities
Category 1
Category 2
Demonstration Sites (for BMPs)
Fact Sheets
"Adopt -a -Program"
Environmental Freebies
Quarterly local newspaper articles
Fertilizer Tags
Storm drain marking
Flyers
Recognition Program (recognize environment
friendly participants)
Postmarks
Web page
Utility bill inserts
Local Cable TV program
Close-out Packages (new
homeowners)
Toll free hotline for reporting environmental
problems
Speak to civic organizations
quarterly
Environmental field day
Technical Workshop (only applicable after 1st
year)
Environmental Contest
As discussed in Section 2.2.1, information sources will be provided to property owners and
developers explaining the benefit to them of incorporating site planning practices into their new
development plans from the onset. Information sources may also be provided on the various BMPs
available for nitrogen reduction as well as information on new BMP techniques or improvements in
established BMP techniques.
For the training of City personnel to identify and remove illegal discharges (Section 3.4), training
materials such as pamphlets, flyers, and/or booklets will be disseminated to all involved personnel
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by the General Services Department. It is anticipated that most (if not all) of these materials can be
obtained from agencies such as DWQ and the US EPA. In addition, the written training materials
may be accompanied by seminars and hands-on field training.
5.1.1 Planned Activities
Goldsboro (with a population of less than 60,000) will include two Category 1 activities and two
Category 2 activities in their annual Action Plan. The combination of activities selected by the City
will be chosen so as to provide a general awareness of nitrogen loading issues and address a diverse
audience.
The ultimate goal of the Public Education Program is to utilize major media advertising (television,
radio, and newspaper) to reach a broad audience (but may be cost prohibitive). Should Goldsboro
use effective major media advertising, either independently or through a cooperative effort, then
Goldsboro will be exempt from the minimum Category 1 and 2 requirements.
As part of Goldsboro's integrative approach to managing their Stormwater Management Program,
two separate advisory committees were formed to aid in the development of the City's Stormwater
Plan: The Steering Committee, an internal management group; and a Stakeholder's Committee, a
select community group. Both committee's were convened on July 12 and August 17, 2000 to
provide direct input into this Program Plan.
The Steering Committee is composed of representatives from the City Manager's office, and the
General Services, Recreation and Parks, Planning, Engineering, Community Affairs, and Finance
Departments. The Charge to the Steering Committee included the need to assign responsibilities for
program elements, consider manpower and budgetary needs, obstacles to implementation, and steps
that could be taken to remove obstacles and/or provide incentives for program participation. It is
anticipated that the Steering Committee will continue to meet on a quarterly basis to review the
implementation of the program and to address any new issues which may arise.
For the Stakeholder's Committee, individuals from the following concerns were invited to participate, along
with representatives from the City Manager's office: the Chamber of Commerce, Seymour Johnson Air Force
Base, Industry, Commercial Development, Wayne Community College, the Economic Development Corp., the
Neuse River Foundation, a large and small developer, an engineer, and a concerned property owner (and flood
victim). Although compliance with the Neuse River Rule (and eventually EPA's Phase II Rule) is mandatory,
the City wanted to establish a means for active involvement and input by affected citizenry. It was explained to
the Stakeholder's that only by voicing their concerns about program implementation, and by sharing their ideas
for public education/participation and specific program incentives, could the program be tailored to best serve
the citizens of Goldsboro.
It is anticipated that this group, or one structured very similar to it, will continue to meet on a quarterly basis
to discuss any problems and concerns they encounter during program implementation. This group is an
excellent starting place for later community involvement in carrying out the program, and will help provide
support for enforcement and funding initiatives.
In addition, Goldsboro already has several entities in place which are useful in disseminating
information to the public and for garnering their involvement. Community Affairs will utilize these
groups as avenues for public education and outreach, and public participation/involvement.
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• The Commission of Community Affairs was established to "inform the general public of existing
local, state and federal policies, regulations and programs and how these particular policies,
regulations and programs directly affect the lives of area residents." In addition, their purpose is
to create a forum which permits open discussion and invites the free expression of public
opinion, as well as to achieve and sustain an effective degree of citizen involvement.
• The Planning Commission was established to serve as an advisory board to make
recommendations to the City Council on any matter presented to them by the Director of
Planning and Community Development, by any local governing board, or by any Board member.
The Advisory Committee on Community Development consists of ten citizens and residents of
the City, with special efforts made to include a majority of members who are low- and moderate -
income persons, members of minority groups, residents of area where significant amounts of
activity are proposed or on -going, the elderly, the handicapped, the business community, and
civic groups who are concerned about community development. At least two members from
each community development area must be included. This committee, or one structured like it,
could be used to play an active role in educating the general public on stormwater related issues.
The Youth Council offers an organization through which the youth of the community may
benefit both themselves and their community. Stormwater concerns would be an excellent
opportunity to initiate programs and projects that are of benefit to the youth and to the City of
Goldsboro.
5.1.2 Technical Workshops
During the first year of program implementation, General Services will take responsibility for
conducting two technical workshops. One shall be designed to educate local government officials
and staff, and the other for the development community (including engineers, developers, architects,
contractors, surveyors, planners, and realtors). In subsequent years, workshops are considered an
option under Category 2 activities, and will be considered for inclusion in the annual Education
Action Plan.
5.2 Incorporating Existing Resources and Programs
Community teaming is encouraged in the Stormwater Rule, and Goldsboro will make every effort to
research and incorporate existing resources and stormwater education programs. Although
Goldsboro's unique Action Plan will fulfill all public education requirements from the onset, the
City recognizes that utilizing existing resources will not only result in a more consistent education
effort for communities of all sizes, but will make the most efficient use of available resources and
will reduce duplication of efforts.
Teaming possibilities with Wayne County will continually be explored, particularly in regards to the following
Public Education activities:
• Major Media Advertising: If the City and County could implement effective major media advertising
(radio, television, newspaper), they will become exempt from minimum Category I and 2 activities.
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• Category I and 2 activities: If effective major media advertising is not employed, it may prove easiest
and most cost efficient to conduct planned activities together.
• Workshops: The two technical workshops that must be conducted during the first year (one to educate
local government officials and staff, and the other for the development community) could be sponsored
jointly, thereby reducing costs and duplication of efforts.
5.3 EPA's Phase II Stormwater Requirements
As detailed earlier in this section, Goldsboro already has several entities in place which are useful in
disseminating information to the public and for garnering their involvement. These groups may
become an integral part of Goldsboro's Phase II Stormwater Management Program which requires
public education and outreach, and public participation/involvement. For Phase II, educational
materials and strategies will be tailored to activities relevant to local situations and issues, while
reaching a variety of audiences and communities including ethnic, minority, and low-income
communities; academia and educational institutions; neighborhood and community groups; children;
outdoor recreation groups; and business and industry. Goldsboro's Public Education Action Plan for
the Neuse Stormwater Rule will serve as an excellent foundation for the City's Phase II efforts, and
will be expanded and/or tailored on an annual basis.
6. Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping
Another component of the Phase II Rule is the Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping Minimum
Control Measure. The General Services Department has responsibility for the development and
implementation of a maintenance program with the ultimate goal of preventing and reducing
pollutant runoff from municipal operations into the storm sewer system. In addition, the program
will include employee training on how to incorporate pollution prevention/good housekeeping
techniques into municipal operations. If such components are not already an integral part of
Goldsboro's Action Plan by the time this Minimum Control Measure is required by the Phase II
Rule, these particular education and training initiatives will be incorporated into the SWMP by
reference to the Public Education Action Plan.
7. Evaluation and Reporting
Annual Neuse River Basin Stormwater Management Program reports must be submitted to DWQ by
October 30 of each year beginning in 2001. An implementation schedule for all of the major Neuse
Stormwater Rule components is included in Appendix E. All reports must contain the following
information:
A. New Development Review/Approval
The following information will be submitted as part of the annual reporting requirement:
• Acres of new development and impervious surface based on plan approvals.
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• Acres of new development and impervious surface based on Certificates of Occupancy.
• Summary of BMPs implemented and use of offset fees.
• Computed baseline and net change in nitrogen export from new development that year (see
Table 7.1 for specific reporting requirements).
• Summary of maintenance activities conducted on BMPs.
• Summary of any BMP failures and how they were handled.
• Summary of results from jurisdictional review of planning issues.
Table 7.1 Specific Annual Nitrogen Loading Reporting Requirements'
1.
The predevelopment nitrogen load from all land developed during the past
year. This can be determined by:
•
Taking total acres of cropland developed multiplied by 13.6 lbs/ac/yr, and adding
•
Total acres of pasture developed multiplied by 4.4 lbs/ac/yr for pasture, and adding
•
Total acres of forested land developed multiplied by 1.7 lbs/ac/yr, and adding
•
Total acres of residential land redeveloped multiplied by 7.5 lbs/ac/yr, and adding
•
Total acres of commercial and industrial lands redeveloped multiplied by 13.0 lbs/ac/yr.
2.
The post development nitrogen load from all land developed during the past
year without structural BMPs.
3.
The post development nitrogen load from all land developed during the past
year with structural BMPs. Unfortunately, it will be very difficult to document
the improvements in nitrogen loading due to the implementation of nonstructural
BMPs. However, jurisdictions are more than welcome to attempt this if they wish.
4.
Pounds of nitrogen bought by developers making offset payments to the
Wetland Restoration Program.
5.
The net change in nitrogen loading for the year. This would be (Item 3 - Item 1)
- Item 4. A positive number would denote an increase; a negative number would
denote a decrease.
6.
The reductions in nitrogen loading due to structural BMWs and Wetland
Restoration Program payments. This would be (Item 2 - Item 3) + Item 4. This
should be a positive number that represents the pounds of nitrogen removed that
year as a result of implementing the Neuse Stormwater Rule.
* This list of items that should be accounted for was agreed upon by the Neuse Stormwater Team during their June 1, 2000 meeting.
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B. Illegal Discharges
The annual reporting requirements for illegal discharges are detailed in Table 7.2.
Table 7.2 Annual Illegal Discharge Reporting Requirements
Year
Annual Report requirements
By March 9,
• Submit report identifying established legal authority to meet
2001
requirements.
By October 2002
• Report on completion of jurisdiction —wide information collection.
• Submit map of high priority areas and reason for selection.
• Report on initiation of illegal discharge hotline.
Each subsequent
• Submit map of stormwater collection system in high priority area
year after 2002
upon request by DWQ.
• Document illegal discharges found and resulting action.
• Report on hotline usage and actions taken.
• Submit map of next high priority area and reason for selection.
C. Retrofit Locations
• Data on each retrofit opportunity (Table 4.1 or equivalent),
• Maps of potential retrofit sites as specified in Section 4.3, and
• The status of any retrofit efforts that have been undertaken within the jurisdiction.
D. Public Education
The report must summarize the next years Action Plan and evaluate the implementation of the
previous years Action Plan (if applicable). The report should include goals, activities completed,
realized education program costs, explanation of experienced shortfalls, and a plan as to how the
locality will address shortfalls.
8. EPA Phase II Measurable Goals
The City of Goldsboro has designed their Stormwater Management Program to:
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• Reduce the discharge of pollutants to the "maximum extent practicable"
• Protect water quality; and
Satisfy the appropriate water quality requirements of the Clean Water Act.
Implementation of the MEP standard requires the development and implementation of BMPs and the
achievement of measurable goals to satisfy each of the six minimum control measures. Under the
Phase II Rule, the City of Goldsboro's Stormwater Management Program has six elements that,
when implemented in concert, is expected to result in significant reductions of pollutants discharge
into receiving water bodies.
The six MS4 program elements, termed "minimum control measures," are outlined in Appendix F.
Each is followed by a preliminary schedule of measurable goals, which is required for each
minimum control measure, and is intended to gauge permit compliance and program effectiveness.
The measurable goals, as well as the BMPs, reflect the needs and characteristics of the operator and
the area served by its small MS4. Furthermore, they were chosen using an integrated approach that
fully addresses the requirements and intent of the minimum control measure.
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