NC0005177_Permit (Issuance)_20031006

NPDES DOCUMEMT SCANNIM& COVER SHEET
NPDES Permit: NC0005177
FMC Lithium
Document Type: Permit Issuance
Wasteload Allocation
Authorization to Construct (AtC)
Permit Modification
Speculative Limits
Staff Report
Instream Assessment (67B)
Environmental Assessment (EA)
Permit
History
Document Date: October 6, 2003
Thus document its printed on XNe M e paper-ignore any
content on the revQrae aide

�� WAT�c Michael F. Easley, Governor
State of North Carolina
tJ� G William G. Ross,Jr_,Secretary
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
7 Alan W. Klimek, P.E.,Director
Division of Water Quality
October 6, 2003
Ms. Kimberly Weathers, Environmental Manager
FMC Corporation, Lithium Division
Highway 161, Box 795
Bessemer City, North Carolina 28016
Subject: NPDES Permit Issuance
Permit No. NCO005177
FMC Corp., Lithium Division
Gaston County
Dear Ms, Weathers:
Division personnel have reviewed and approved your application for renewal of the
subject permit. Accordingly, we are forwarding the attached NPDES discharge permit. This
permit is issued pursuant to the requirements of North Carolina General Statute 143-215.1
and the Memorandum of Agreement between North Carolina and the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency dated May 9, 1994 (or as subsequently amended).
The attached final permit contains those changes communicated to you in the draft
permit as well as corrections made in accordance with your comments dated September 15,
2003.
Compliance with all terms and conditions of the attached permit is the responsibility
of the Permittee. Please note that T15A 08G .0204 of the North Carolina Administrative Code
has been interpreted to mean that the Operator in Responsible Charge is responsible for
operation of water pollution control systems.
If any parts, measurement frequencies or sampling requirements contained in this
permit are unacceptable to you, you have the right to an adjudicatory hearing upon written
request within thirty (30) days following receipt of this letter. This request must be in the
form of a written petition, conforming to Chapter 150B of the North Carolina General
Statutes, and filed with the Office of Administrative Hearings (6714 Mail Service Center,
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-6714). Unless such demand is made, this permit shall be final
and binding.
Please take notice that this permit is not transferable. This permit does not affect the
legal requirements to obtain other permits which may be required by the Division of Water
Quality or permits required by the Division of Land Resources, Coastal Area Management Act,
or any other Federal or Local governmental permits which may be required.
If you have any questions or need additional information, please do not hesitate to
contact Mark McIntire of my staff at [phone], extension 508.
Sincerely,
ORIGINAL SIGNED BY
Mark McIntire
Alan W. Klimek, P.E.
cc: Central Files
NPDES Unit Files
Mooresville Regional Office
Aquatic Toxicology Unit
Roosevelt Childress, EPA Region 4
1617 MAIL SERVICE CENTER, RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27699-161 7 -TELEPHONE [phone]/FAX [phone]
VISIT US ON THE WEB AT http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/NPDES

Permit NCO005177
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY
PERMIT
TO DISCHARGE WASTEWATER UNDER THE
NATIONAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM
In compliance with the provisions of North Carolina General Statute 143-215.1, other lawful standards and
regulations promulgated and adopted by the North Carolina Environmental Management Commission,and the
Federal Water Pollution Control Act,as amended,
FMC Corporation
is hereby authorized to discharge wastewater and stormwater from a facility located at the
FMC Lithium Division
NC Highway 161 west of Bessemer City
Gaston County
to receiving waters designated as an unnamed tributary to Abernethy Creels in the Catawba River Basin in
accordance with effluent limitations, monitoring requirements, and other conditions set forth in Parts 1, 1I
I11, and IV hereof.
The permit shall become effective November 1, 2003.
This permit and the authorization to discharge shall expire at midnight on August 31, 2005.
Signed this day October G, 2003.
ORIGINAL SIGNED BY
Mark McIntire
Alan W. Klimek, P.E., Director
Division of Water Quality
By Authority of the Environmental Management Commission

Part f Permit NCOOD5177
SUPPLEMENT TO PERMIT COVER SHEET
All previous NPDFS Permits issued to this facility,whether for operation or discharge are hereby revoked,and as of this issuance,
any previously issued permit bearing this number is no longer cffccuve.Therefore,the exclusive authority to operate and
discharge from this facility arises under the permit conditions, requirements,terms,and provisions included herein.
FMC Corporation is hereby authorized to:
1. Continue operation of an existing 0.615 MGD wastewater treatment facility
consisting of reverse osmosis Filtration, and an R & D pond located at FMC's
Lithium Division off NC Highway 161 west of Bessemer City in Gaston
County;
2. Continue operation of a stormwater conveyance system and two sedimentation
and polishing ponds; and
3. Discharge treated wastewater (outfall 001) and stormwater, boiler blowdown,
and cooling water (004) at the locations specified on the attached map. The
receiving stream is an unnamed tributary to Abernethy Creek, a class C water
in the Catawba River Basin.
Y8 C1 91-10i2 JA AG
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Part I Permit NCO005177
SECTION A: FINAL LIMITATIONS AND CONTROLS
(1) 13FFLUI---NT LIMITATIONS AND yfONITORING RLQUIR-MLNTI'S [0011
Beginning on the effective date of this permit and lasting until expiration, the Permittee is authorized to discharge
treated industrial wastewater from Outfall 001. Such discharges shall be limited and monitored by the Permittee as
specified below:
EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS MONITORING REQUIREMENTS
PARAMETER
Monthly Average Daily Maximum Measurement Sample Type Sample Location
Frequency
Flow 0.615 MGD Continuous Recording Influent or Effluent
BOD5 30.0 mg/L 45.0 mg/L Monthly Grab Effluent
Total Suspended Solids 333.9 pounds/day T1001.7 pounds/day 2/Month Grab Effluent
Dissolved Oxygen Daily Average >_ 5.0 mg/L Weekly Grab Effluent
pH Between 6.0 and 9.0 Standard Units Weekly Grab Effluent
NH3-N Monthly Grab Effluent
Chloride Monthly Grab Effluent
Copper Quarterly Grab Effluent
Zinc Quarterly Grab Effluent
Total Nitrogen Quarterly Grab Effluent
Total Phosphorus Quarterly Grab Effluent
Conductivity Monthly Grab Effluent
Chronic Toxicity' Quarterly Grab Effluent
J
Footnotes:
Chronic Toxicity oxiclty(Ceriodaphnia) a 78%, anuary,April,July,October;see section A. (3) of this permit.
TI-II?Rl SHALL BE NO DISCIiARGF?,OI't�LOA'I'ING SOLIDS OR VISIBLr FOAM IN OTHER THAN TRACE AMOUNTS.

Part I Permit NCO005177
(2) EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS AND MONITORING REQUIREMENTS [0041
Beginning on the effective date of this permit and lasting until expiration, the Permittee is authorized to discharge
stormwater, boiler blowdown, steam condensate and non-contact cooling water from Outfall 004. Such discharges
shall be limited and monitored by the Permittee as specified below:
EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS MONITORING REQUIREMENTS
PARAMETER Measurement
Mea
Monthly Average Daily Maximum ea ue Sample Type I Sample Location
Flow(MGD)t Monthly Instantaneous Effluent
Total Suspended Solids Monthly Grab Effluent
pH Between 6.0 and 9.0 Standard Units Monthly Grab Effluent
Conductivity Monthly Grab Effluent
Chloride Monthly Grab Effluent
Footnotes:
I Where no measurable discharge occurs, "no discharge" shalt be clearly noted on the submitted monthly discharge monitoring
report(DMR).
One set of samples per year shall be collected during a discharge resulting from a representative storm event. A
representative storm shall be any storm event that causes a discharge through outfall 004. Failure to monitor storm
events in accordance with the specified frequency shall constitute a violation of this permit. For each representative
storm event,the total precipitation,storm duration,and total flow shall be recorded.
Total flow shall be: (a) measured continuously; (b) calculated based on the amount of area draining to the outfall, the
amount of built-upon (impervious) area,and the total amount of rainfall; or (c) estimated by the measurement of flow at
20 minute intervals during the rain event. "Sample Collected During a Representative Storm Invent" shall be clearly
marked on the DNIR to indicate the samples were taken during a representative storm event.
There shall be no chromium zinc or co.pper added to the treatments stem except as pre-approved
additives to biocidal compounds.
'The permittee shall obtain approval from the Division's Aquatic Toxicology Unit prior to the use of any biocide (not
previously approved by the Division) in the effluent discharged under this permit. Approval for use of any biocide
not previously approved sht)uld be requested at least 90 days in advance of any planned usage.
Contact the Aquatic`Toxicology Unit for detailed instructions on requesting approval of biocides:
NC DENR / DWQ / Aquatic"I'oxicolog)' Unit
1621 Mail Service Center
Raleigh,North Carolina 27699-1621
THERE SHALL 1313 NO I)ISCHARGE OF FLOATING SOLIDS OR VISIKE, i-OAi\t 1N OTHER TFIAN'rRACE ANIOUN'r5.
SIL'11 PART I,SECTION C: FOR ADDITIONAL STORI'V1WATE1R R> QUIREAMENTS.

Part I Permit NCO005177
(3) CHRONIC TOXICITY PERMIT IrIMIT (Quarterly)
The effluent discharge shall at no time exhibit observable inhibition of reproduction or significant mortality to
Ceriodaplinia dubia at an effluent concentration of 78`Yo.
The permit holder shall perform at a minimum, quarterly monitoring using test procedures outlined in the "North
Carolina Ceriodaphrua Chronic Effluent bioassay Procedure," Revised February 1998, or subsequent versions or
"North Carolina Phase 1t Chronic Whole Effluent Toxicity Test Procedure" (Revised-February 1998) or subsequent
versions. The tests will be performed during the months of January, April,.July, and October. Effluent sampling for
this testing shall be performed at the NPDES permitted final effluent discharge below all treatment processes.
If the test procedure performed as the first test of any single quarter results in a failure or ChV below the permit limit,
then multiple-concentration testing shall be performed at a minimum, in each of the two following months as
described in "North Carolina Phase 11 Chronic Whole Effluent Toxicity'rest Procedure" (Revised-February 1998) or
Subsequent versions.
The chronic value for multiple concentration tests will be determined using the geometric mean of the highest
concentration having no detectable impairment of reproduction or survival and the lowest concentration that does
have a detectable impairment of reproduction or survival. The definition of "detectable impairment," collection
methods, exposure regimes, and further statistical methods are specified in the "North Carolina Phase II Chronic
Whole Effluent's"oxicity Tcst Procedure" (Revised-February 1998) or subsequent versions.
All toxicity testing results required as part of this permit condition will be entered on the Effluent Discharge
Monitoring Form (tiklR-1) for the months in which tests were performed, using the parameter code TGP313 for the
pass/fail results and "iHP3B for the Chronic Value. Additionally, DWQ form AT-3 (original) is to be sent to the
following address:
Attention: NC DENR / DWQ / Environmental Sciences Branch
1621 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1621
Completed Aquatic Toxicity`Pest forms shall be filed with the Environmental Sciences Branch no later than 30 days
after the end of the reporting period for which the report is made.
'Pest data shall be complete, accurate, include all supporting chemical/physical measurements and all
concentration/response data, and he certified by laboratory supervisor and ORC or approved designate signature.
Total residual chlorine of the effluent toxicity sample must be measured and reported if chlorine is employed for
disinfection of the waste stream.
Should there be no discharge of flow from the facility during a month in which toxicity monitoring is required, the
permittee will complete the information located at the top of the aquatic toxicity (A1' test form indicating the facility
name, permit number, pipe number, county, and the month/year of the report with the notation of"No Flow" in the
comment area of the fornt. The report shall be submitted to the Envirom-ncntal Sciences Branch at the address cited
above.
Should the pertnince f;til to nionitor during a month in which toxicity monitoring is required, monitoring will be
required during the I011owing month.
Should any rest data from this monitoring requirement or tests performed by the North Carolina Division of Water
Quality indicate 1)(Acntial impacts to the receiving stream, this permit may he re-Opened and m0LUIiecl to include
alrernate monitoring rcquis'cntents or limits.
I1!(TUL: F:rilurc w achie%-e test conditions its specified in the cited dOCtlnlellt, such as minimum cow of organism suni�al,
minimum r1rntrr_)1 or�culism rcl,ru(luctie tl, and appropriate encironmeorrl cnntrlrls, sh911 nmstirirte ml irn•;Ilid rust anti will require
imnscrliate CC)II 1-uh testiIIg It he n.)inhlr:tcd 110 1(ItCl- IIIf1II the iasr ciao of the tnr.mlli Gsllowim, the month o f IK; initial monitoring.

Part l Permit NCO005177
SECTION B: Schedule of Compliance
1. The Permittcc shall comply with Final effluent limitations by the effective date of the permit.
2. The Pcrmittee shall at all times provide the operation and maintenance necessary to operate the existing
facilities in accordance with Part l I.C.2 of this permit.
SECTION C: FINAL Monitoring Requirements FOR STORMWATER DISCHARGES
During the period beginning on the effective date of the permit and lasting until expiration, the permittee is
authorized to discharge stormwater associated with industrial activity from outfall 004. Such discharges shall be
controlled, limited,and monitored as specified below.
1. Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plans
The permittee shall develop and continue to update a Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan, herein after referred to
as the Man. The Plan shall be considered public information in accordance with Part I1, Section E. 10 of this permit.
The Plan shall include, at a minimum, the following items:
a. Site Plan: The site plan shall provide a description of the physical facility and the potential pollutant
sources which may be expected to contribute to contamination of regulated stormwater discharges.
The site plan shall contain the following:
(1) A general location map (USGS quadrangle map, or appropriately drafted equivalent map),
showing the facility's location in relation to transportation routes and surface waters, and the
name of the receiving water(s) to which the stormwater outfall(s) discharges. If the
discharge is to a municipal separate storm sewer system, the name of the municipality and
the ultimate receiving waters, and accurate latitude and longitude of the point(s) of discharge
must be shown.
(2) A narrative description of storage practices, loading and unloading activities, outdoor
process areas, dust or particulate generating or control processes, and waste disposal
practices.
(3) A site map (or series of maps) drawn to scale with the distance legend indicating location of
industrial activities (including storage of materials, disposal areas, process areas, and loading
and unloading areas), drainage structures, drainage areas for each outfall and activities
occurring in the drainage area, building locations and impervious surfaces, the percentage of
each drainage area that is impervious. For each outfall, a narrative description of the
potential pollutants which could be expected to be present in the regulated stormwater
discharge.
('t) A list of significant spills or leaks of pollutants that have occurred at the facility during the 3
previous years and any corrective actions taken to mitigate spill impacts.
(5) Certification that the stormwater outfalls have been evaluated for the presence of non-
stonrnvater discharges. The certification statement will be signed in accordance with the
requirements found in Part I1, Section B. I I.
b. Stormwater Managcment Plan: The stormwater management plan shall contain St narrative
description of the materials management practices employed which control or minimize the
exposure of significant materials to stormwater, including structural and non-strucrural measures.
The stormwater ianagement plan, at a millimLI111, shall incorporate the following:
(1) A studt' addressing the technical and ccoitornic fcasibility of changing the nlcihods of
operations and/or storage practices to climinatc rtr reduce exposure r,l materials and

fart 1 Permit NCO005177
processes to stormwater. Wherever practicable the permittee should consider covering
storage areas, material handling operations, manufacturing or fueling operations to prevent
materials exposure to stormwater. In areas where elimination of exposure is not practicable,
the stormwater management plan shall document the feasibility of diverting the stormwater
runoff away From areas of potential contamination.
(2) A schedule to provide secondary containment for bulk storage of liquid materials, storage of
Section 313 of Title III of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA)
water priority chemicals, or storage of hazardous materials to prevent leaks and spills from
contaminating stormwater runoff. If the secondary containment devices are connected
directly to stormwater conveyance systems, the connection shall be controlled by manually
activated valves or other similar devices [which shall be secured with a locking mechanism]
and any stormwater that accumulates in the containment area shall be at a minimum visually
observed prior to release of the accumulated stormwater. Accumulated stormwater shall be
released if found to be uncontaminated. Records documenting the individual making the
observation, the description of the accumulated stormwater and the date and time of the
release shall be kept for a period of five years.
(3) A narrative description of Best Management Practices (BMPs) to be considered such as, but
not limited to, oil and grease separation, debris control, vegetative falter strips, infiltration
and stormwater detention or retention,where necessary. The need for structural BMPs shall
be based' on the assessment of potential of sources contributing significant quantities of
pollutants to stormwater discharges and data collected through monitoring of stormwater
discharges.
(4) Inspection schedules of stormwater conveyances and controls and measures to be taken to
limit or prevent erosion associated with the stormwater systems.
C. Spill Prevention and Response Plan: The Spill Prevention and Response Plan shall incorporate a risk
assessment of potential pollutant sources based on a materials inventory of the facility. Facility
personnel (or team) responsible for implementing the plan shall be identified in the plan. A
responsible person shall be on-site at all times during facility operations that have the potential to
contaminate stormwater runoff through spills or exposure of materials associated with the facility
operations.
d. Preventative Nigintenance and Good Flousekecping Program: A preventative maintenance program
shall be developed. The program shall document schedules of inspections and maintenance activities
of stormwater control systems, plant equipment and systems. Inspection of material handling areas
and regular cleaning schedules of these areas shall be incorporated into the program.
C. Trnining schedules shall be developed and training provided at a minimum on an annual I7a5iS on
proper spill response and cleanup procedures and preventative maintenance activities for all
personnel involved in any of the facility's operations that have the potential to contaminate
stormwater runoff. Facility personnel (or team) responsible for implementing the training shall be
identified in the plan.
F. The Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan shall identify a specific position(s) responsible for the
overall coordination, development, implementation, and revision to the Plan. Responsibilities for all
components of the Plan shall be documented and position(s) assignments provided.
b Plan Amendment: The permittec shall amend the Plan whenever there is a change in design,
construction, operation, or maintenance which has a significant effect on the potential for the
discharge of pollutants via a poins source tc.r surface waters. The Stormwatcr Pollution Prevention
11I:in shall be reviewed and upclated on an annual basis.
T11C Director nWLV norifv thc' permittee when the flan does not nicct one or more of ncC� niiniTIMIll �
requirements of the permit. \Vithin 30 days r,f such notice, the permittee shall 5tlbinit st time

Part I Permit NCO005177
schedule to the Director for modifying the Plan to meet minimum requirements. The permittee
shall provide certification in writing (in accordance with Part Il, Standard Conditions, Section B.11.)
to the Director that the changes have been made.
h. Facility Inspections: Inspections of the facility and all stormwater systems shall occur at a minimum
on a semiannual schedule, once in the fall (September - November) and once during the spring
(April - June). The inspection and any subsequent maintenance activities performed shall be
documented, recording date and time of inspection, individual(s) making the inspection and a
narrative description of the facility's stormwater control systems, plant equipment and systems.
Records of these inspections shall be incorporated into the Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan.
Visual monitoring as required in Part 11, Section A.2. shall be performed in addition to facility
inspections.
i. Implementation: Implementation of the Plan shall include documentation of all monitoring,
measurements, inspections, maintenance activities and training provided to employees, including the
log of the sampling data. Activities taken to implement BMPs associated with the industrial activities,
including vehicle maintenance activities, must also be recorded. All required documentation shall be
kept on-site for a period of five years and made available to the Director or his authorized
representative irnrnediately upon request.
2. Visual Monitoring
Visual monitoring requires a qualitative visual inspection of each stormwater outfall, regardless of representative
outfall status, for the purpose of evaluating the effectiveness of the Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan and
assessing new sources of stormwater pollution. No analytical tests are required. Visual mottoring of stormwater
outfalls does not need to be performed during a representative storm event.
F. i Fs.. ' i3 ry S+rzj 'P��k .'ri 3 :'i.,
1 a -.tat i 1..... f:7 -.� 3 r a s " },.Y�' �. `yV .e'Y .,_
ater Discharge Charactensttcs, ;, 3 Fre uene t = t}1Vlottttortn Type? t Manitortn Locatton3!
Sformw q<zr y �:g _ . .�, �x U r ,;
r
*'' r - - i'jQ r,._•, .,;x _... 1.. _a:....
Color Semi-Annual Visual SDO
Odor Semi-Annual Observation SDO
Clarity Semi-Annual Visual SDO
Floating Solids Semi-Annual Visual SDO
Suspended Solids Semi-Annual Visual SDO
Foam Semi-Annual Visual SDO
Oil Sheen Semi-Annual Visual SDO
Other obvious indicators of stormwater Semi-Annual Visual SDO
NOT S:
1 The first visual monitoring event during the term of the permit must be performed during the initial analytical monitoring
event, rill subsequent visual monitoring will he performed twice per year,once in the spring and once in the fall.
2 iNlonitoring requires a qualitative observation of each stormwater outfall. No analytical testing or sampling is required.
3 SWrrtlwater Discharge Outfall (SDO).
SECTION D: STORMWATER DEFINITIONS
I. Best Manstgcmcnt Practices (BiMPs)_
Schedules of activities prohibitions of practices maintenance procedures, ,ind other rnanagcincnt practices to
prevent or reduce the pollution of waters of the United States. B\{fps also include treatment requirernetzts,
operxion procedures, and practices to control plant site runoff, spillage or leaks, sludge or waste disposal, or
dramagc from raw material storage.

Part I Permit NCO005177
I
2. Bulk Storage of Liquid Products
Liquid raw materials, manufactured products, waste materials or by-products with a single above ground
storage container having a capacity of greater than 660 gallons or with multiple above ground storage
containers having a total storage capacity of greater than 1,320 gallons.
3. Point Sourcc Discharge
Any discernible, confined and discrete conveyance, including but specifically not limited to, any pipe, ditch,
channel, tunnel, conduit, well, discrete fissure, container, rolling stock, or concentrated animal feeding
operation from which pollutants are or may be discharged to waters of the state.
4. Runoff Coefficient
The fraction of total rainfall that is not infiltrated into or otherwise retained by the soil, concrete, asphalt or
other surface upon which it falls that will appear at the conveyance as runoff.
5. Secondary Containment
Spill containment for the contents of the single largest tank within the containment structure plus sufficient
freeboard to allow for the 25-year, 24-hour storm event.
6. Section 313 Water Priority Chemical
I
A chemical or chemical category which:
�. Is listed in 40 CFR 372.65 pursuant to Section 313 of'Title III of the Superfund Amendments and
Reauthorization Act (SARA) of 1986, also titled the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-
Know Act of 1986;
b. Is present at or above threshold levels at a facility subject to SAR-A title ill, Section 313 reporting
requirements, and
C. That meet at least one of the following criteria:
(1) ' Is listed in appendix D of 40 CFR part 122 on either Table li (organic priority pollutants),'Fable III
(certain metals, cyanides, and phenols) or Table IV (certain toxic pollutants and hazardous
substances);
(2) is listed as a hazardous substance pursuant to section 311(h)(2)(A) of the CW at 40 UI R 116.4;or
(3) Is a pollutant for which EPA has published acute or chronic water duality criteria.
7. Significant Nlatcrials
I11Cludes, but is not limited to: raw materials; fuels; materials such as solvents, detergents, and plastic pellets;
finished materials such as metallic products; raw materials used in food processing or production; hazardous
substances designated under section 101(14) of CERCLA; any chemical the facility is required to report
pursuant to section 313 of'Title III of SARA; fertilizers; pesticides; and waste products such as ashes, slag
and sludge that have the potential to be released with stormwater discharges.
8. Significant Spills
Includes, but is not limited to: releases of oil or hazardous substances in excess of reportable quantities under
section 311 of the Clean Water Act (Ref: 40 CFR 110.10 and CFR 117.21) or section 102 of CEIRCLA (Ref:
40 CFR 302.4).
9. Stormwatcr Runoff
The flow of water which results from precipitation and which occurs immediately following rainfall or as a
result of snowniclt.
10. Total Flow
The Clow corresponding to the time period over %Ouch the sample collection occurs. The total Ilo%v
c,alcLllated based on the size of the area draining to the outfall, the amount of the built-upon (impervious)
surfaces within the drainage area, and the total amount of rainfall occurring during the sampling period.
11. Visible Sedlmem.ailrJil
Solid particulate aaruter, both mineral and ort~anic, that has been or is bciiil; tr.tnsported bt- water, air. f r.avitr,
nr ice front its site of origin which can he seen with the unaided cyc.

I r �
4FMC
_:::"YR L
CERTIFIED MAIL
RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED
September 15, 2003
Mr. Mark McIntire
North Carolina Division of Water Quality
NPDES Unit
1617 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1617
Re: FMC Corporation—Lithium Division, Bessemer City, Gaston County
Comments on Draft NPDES Permit No. NC0005177
Dear Mr. McIntire:
As we discussed on the telephone last week, FMC has comments on the draft NPDES
permit, No. NC0005177, received from your office on August 20, 2003. The comments
are being submitted within 30 days of receipt of the draft, as required. The comments and
questions are organized to coincide with the order in which they appear in the permit.
1. Supplement to Permit Cover Sheet — Item I describes the operation of the
existing 0.615 MGD water treatment system and erroneously lists the R&D
4 Pond as part of that system. FMC requests that "R&D Pond" be replaced with
"Lower Pond". The Lower Pond allows for sedimentation and retention prior
to discharging to the receiving stream through Outfall 001.Reverse osmosis is
mentioned, however, there is no mention of the hydrogen peroxide addition
and pH adjustment systems. FMC requests confirmation that these systems
will be permitted treatment components.
2. Attached Map— Qutfalls 001 and 004 have not been identified on the map.
FMC requests that the outfalls be identified.
3. Permit Part I — Section A—Footnote 1 under Item 2 states "One set of samples
per year shall be collected during a discharge resulting from a representative
storm event." FMC requests that DWQ provide the definition of a
representative storm event.
Air Treatment Cownxtion Energy Rne Chemkoh Wass&Ceramks Greases&lub&wds P*mers Pod Water Treatment
Hwy.161,PO Box 795 Phone:7D4.868.5300 lifhium_info®fmc.wm
Bessemer City,NC 28016 Fax:[phone] www.imclithium.com

Mr. Mark McIntire
NCDENR—DWQ-NPDES Unit
September 15,2003
Page 2 of 2
4. Permit Part I — Section C. Item 1(g) references Part III Standard Conditions,
Section B.11. The draft does not contain a Part III, but rather a Part H. FMC
requests that this typographical error be corrected.
Thank you for taking the time to review these comments. If you should have any
questions, please contact me at 704-868-5897.
Kind rega
4r
mb I Weathers
ironmental Manager

Ja��EO sr�l�s
A Y UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL_ PROTECTION AGENCY
�m REGION A
o 0 ATLANTA FEDERAL CENTER
z�F 102 fit FORSYTH STREET
+Ilk PROSO� ATLANTA, GEORGIA 30303-8960
SEP 1 6 2093
Mr. Mark McIntire
North Carolina Department of Environment and
Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality
NPDES Unit
1617 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1617
SUBJ: Draft NPDES Permit
FMC Corp. - Lithium Division
Permit No. NCO005177
Dear Mr. McIntire:
In accordance with the EPAINCDENR MOA, we have completed review of the draft
permit referenced above and have no comments. We request that we be afforded an additional
review opportunity only if significant changes are made to the draft permit prior to issuance or if
significant comments objecting to it are received. Otherwise, please send us one copy of the final
permit when issued.
Sincerely,
,r n�- ' La
Marshall Hyatt, Environmental Scientist
Permits, Grants, and Technical Assistance Branch
Water Management Division
j;
b�s S FP 2 3 2003 ► ' !i
Intemet Address(URL)• http:llwww,epa,gov
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The Gaston Gazette 1617 M, C.2 J§e.veter
ll Gaston l7 �lRaleigh,NC2Z659-1fi17rf
Notrficalion of Intent to lssue A
t NPDES Wastewater Permit
II a
[,onihe basis of.thorough'stafl.'
review and applications of NC
General Statute 143.21, Public
Gastonia,NC law 82.500 and other lawful
standards and regulations, the
Gaston County North Carolina Environmental
Management Commissori.pro-
poses to'fssue a National Pollu-
dant Discharge Elimination Sys.
tern (NPOES) wastewater dis-
I, Carla Potter Legal Advertising Manager of the The Gaston Gazette, do certify th charge permit to the persons)
listed below effective 45 days
the advertisement of PUBLIC NOTICE- trorrl the publish date of this no-
NOTIFICATION OF INTENT TO ISSUE A NPDES lice.
Written Comments WASTEWATER PERMIT f,ho'proposed permit ivg9eb c-
cepted until 30 days after the .
publish date of this notice: All
comments received prior to.-that
date are considered in the,tinal
determinations regarding, the
proposed permit. The Director
of the NC Division of Water
Quality may decide to hold a
public meeting for the proposed
'permit should the Division re-
Measuring 8.11 Inches appeared in The Gaston Gazette, a newspaper published in ;.•ceive a signiticant degree of
public interest.
Gaston County, Gastonia, NC, in issues Copies of the draft permit and
other supporting Information on
file used to determine condi-
AUGUST 20, 2003 lions present in the drafYperM4
are available upon request and
payment of the casts ofTepro-
"duction., Mail comments and/or
requests for information to the
NC Division of Water Quality at
the above address or call Ms.
Valery4 733-5 Stephens n (520)
l�4 rl v111�v_l 733-SDB3, extension 520.
ar a otter Please include the NPDES per-
j mit number NC0060755,in any
Legal Advertising Mann€ communications. interested
parsons may also visit the
Divi-sion of Water Quality at 512 N.
f Salisbury Street, Raleigh, NC
Sworn to and subscribed before me this C. day of 1200 27604-1148 between the hours
f of 8:00 a.m.and 5:00 1_0 review
information on tile.
FMC Corporation (NC Highway
/� 61, 9oic 76,_Bgsserner'Cty,"
NC 28016) has applied for re.
Notary Public newal of permit NC0005177 for
its;Lithium Division plant..This
permitted facility discharges
'non•cotact wastewater Wand
stormwater to a-,unnamed trib-
utary to Abernethy;Creek in the
Catawba River Bas,n,Currently
no parameters are wa-
ter-quality limited.
My Commission Expires March S 2 1C.August 20,2003
I., . AUG' 6 '203

August 7,2003
NCDENR/DWQ
FACT SHEET FOR NPDES PERMIT DEVELOPMENT
FMC Corporation - NCO005177
Facitity Inform°anon
(1.)Facility Name: FINIC -Lithium Division
- -- -. ........... ......... ............................. .. ..... .........
_(2. Permitted Flow MGD 0 615 6 CountGaston
....)............. ......... ( .......) _: ......... ......... ......... . ........(...)...................y..._ ..
(3)Facility Class: III (7.) Regional Office: Mooresville
(4) Pretreatment Program: N A (8).,USGS To Quad Ft 35 13
(5.) Permit Status: Renewal 1 (9.) USGS Quad Name:
Stream Characteristics
(1) Receiving Stream UT Abernethv Creek (7 ) Drainage Area (miz} 1.4
(Z) Sub basin: 03-08-37 (8) Summer 7Q10 (cfs) 0.27
(3 Stream Index Number 9 Winter 7Q10 cfs 0.43
....).... O....._... ......... �.......)... . _........
4. Stream Classification: C L.10 30Q2 cfs 0.58
(5)303(d)Status:...... ........ Not Listed........ (11.)Average Flow(cfs): 1.7
................
6. 305 b Status: Supporting 12. 1WC%: 78
1.0 Proposed Changes Incorporated into Permit Renewal
Outfall 001
• Deletion of Flow Tiers: The previous permit had effluent limitations corresponding to four operational
schemes and thus four flows. As requested by the facility, all effluent limitations except those for a flow of 0,615
MGD have been deleted.
• Instream Monitoring: As per the previous permit cover letter and a review of instre:.m-anc# effluent data,
instream monitoring requirements have been deleted.
• Deletion of Cr Monitoring: All chromium data was reported below detection. As such, the monitoring
requirements for chromium has been deleted,
• Reduction of Frequency for Zn and Cu: As per the previous permit cover letter and a review of effluent
data, the monitoring frequency for zinc and copper has been reduced from monthly to quarterly.
Outfall 004
• Reduction of TSR Frequency: In an effort to provide ease of O&M, the monitoring frequency for total
suspended residue has been reduced from 2/month to monthly, consistent with the other 004 monitored
parameters.
Miscellaneous
• Permit Expiration Date: The expiration date has been changed to August 31, 2005 in accordance with the
Catawba River Basin permitting schedule,
• Deletion of Package Plant Reference: During the previous permit cycle, all domestic wastewater was
routed to the Bessemer City WWTP.The package plants have been decommissioned.

NPDES Permit Fact Sheet—August 7, 2003 FMC Corporation, Lithium Div.
Page 2 NCO005177
2.0 Summary
This is a standard NPDES permit renewal for FMC Corporation's Lithium Division facility in Bessemer City, North
Carolina. The facility operates organic chemical and inorganic chemical manufacturing lines. No wastewater is
generated from the organic manufacturing processes. Furthermore, all sanitary wastewater is now sent to the
Bessemer City WWTP.This facility operates two outfalls.
outfall 001
This outfall is from the R&D pond and discharges industrial wastewater (from the inorganic process). The process
wastewater is treated by two reverse osmosis units. The osmosis reject is sent back into the plant where product is
recovered and reused.
Outfall 004
This outfall discharges non-contact cooling water, stearn condensate, boiler blowdown, and stormwater. The outfall is
just upstream of 001. Effluent from both outfalls mingles just prior to discharge to the unnamed tributary.
As no effluent guidelines are applicable to the wastewater generated by this facility, effluent limitations for outfall
001 are BPJ.The existing'I'SS limitation was originally calculated using the inorganic chemicals guidelines (415) for
the lithium carbonate portion of the manufacturing process. However, since this permit was renewed previously, the
lithium manufacturing has been moved to South America. As the facility is not having problems meeting these limits
and water quality problems don't appear to exist in the receiving stream, it is recommended that existing limits be
maintained.
3.0 Compliance Summary
A re;view�of the facility's effluent data was conducted for the period January, 2001 through May, 2003. The (acility
had no permit violations. Effluent results have been extremely good with all reported values .substantially lower than
permil.limits.
4.0 Proposed Schedule for Permit Issuance
Draft Permit to Public Notice: August 20,2003
Permit Scheduled to issue: October 6, 2003
5.0 State Contact Information
If you have any questions on any of the above information or on the attached permit, please contact Mark McIntire at
[phone],extension 508.
Copies of the following are attached to provide further information on the permit development:
• Draft permit;
• Application package.
NPDES Recommendation by:
Signature Date

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SOC PRIORITY PROJECT: No
To: Permits and Engineering Unit
Water Quality Section
Attention: Mike Myers
Date: August 21, 2001
NPDES STAFF REPORT AND RECOMMENDATIONS
County: Gaston
NPDES Permit No.: NCO005177
MRO No.: 01-94
PART I - GENERAL INFORMATION
1. Facility and address: FMC Corporation, Lithium Division
Highway 161
N 0 Cr
Post Office Box 795 °"
Bessemer City,N.C. 28016 t
G=D Q i
2. Date of investigation: August 21, 2001 _ Q"
3. Report prepared by: Michael L. Parker, Environmental Engineer II I ��
4. Person contacted and telephone number: Kimberly Weathers, [phone]
5. Directions to site: The Lithium plant is located on the south (left) side of Hwy. 161 0.1
mile west of the jet. of Hwy. 161 and SR 1402,just west of Bessemer City.
6. Discharge point(s), List for all discharge Points: -
Latitude: , 35" 15' 44"
Longitude: 810 17' 57"
Attach a USGS Map Extract and indicate treatment plant site and-discharge point on map.
USGS Quad No.: F 13 SE
7. Site size and expansion area consistent with application: Yes. Ample area exists for the
construction of additional WWT facilities, if necessary.
8. Topography (relationship to flood plain included): The site encompasses several hundred
acres with varying topography (3-10% slopes). The main WWT pond is located in a
surface drainage feature, however, it appears to be protected from flooding.
9. Location of nearest dwelling: Approx. 1000± feet from the WWTP site.

Page Two
10. Receiving stream or affected surface waters: U. T. to Abernathy Creek
a. Classification: C
b. River Basin and Subbasin No.: Catawba 030837
C. Describe receiving stream features and pertinent downstream uses: Flow
observed in the receiving stream at the point of discharge. Downstream uses are
primarily agriculture. No other dischargers are known for a reasonable distance
downstream.
PART II - DESCRIPTION OF DISCHARGE AND TREATMENT WORKS
Outfal l 001 Outfal l 004
I. a. Volume of wastewater: 0.615 MGD Intermittent
b. What is the current permitted capacity: 0.615 MGD (outfall 001)
C. Actual treatment capacity of current facility (current design capacity): 0.615 MGD
d. Date(s) and construction activities allowed by previous ATCs issued in the
previous two years: There have been no ATCs issued in the past two (2) years.
e. Description of existing or substantially constructed WWT facilities: The existing
WWT facilities at outfall 001 consist of two (2) Reverse Osmosis treatment units
followed by a hydrogen peroxide feed for chlorine neutralization, pH adjustment
(H2SO4 acid), and an 18 acre industrial WWT lagoon with a flow meter with
totalizer. Wastewater treated by these treatment processes include discharges of
lithium hydroxide, lithium chloride, and a discharge from a lithium hypochlorite
particulate air scrubber. There is also wastewater entering this outfall from floor
area sumps, boiler blowdown, wet particulate air scrubbers, and stormwater.
There is also a small, earthen pond (referred to as the R&D pond in the renewal
application) that receives condensate, cooling tower overflow, and stormwater.
The water is typically recycled back into the plant, however, if an overflow does
occur, the discharge from this pond will eventually travel through a series of
small, earthen settling ponds prior to reaching the receiving stream and
discharging at outfall 004.
f. Description of proposed WWT facilities: There are no WWT facilities proposed at
this time.
g. Possible toxic impacts to surface waters: This facility has had a consistent
compliance record with respect to toxicity testing.
2. Residual handling and utilization/disposal scheme: As the result of changes in the
manufacturing process, there are essentially no residuals generated at this time.
Previously, residuals were removed from the main treatment pond and stockpiled on-site.
These solids were used throughout the site to fill uneven terrain and stabilize roads.

Page Three
3. Treatment Plant Classification: Class II (no change from previous rating).
4. SIC Code(s): 2819, 2869 Wastewater Code(s): 32, 31, 02
5. MTU Code(s): 50000
PART III - OTHER PERTINENT INFORMATION
1. Is this facility being constructed with Construction Grant Funds or are any public monies
involved (municipals only)?No
2. Special monitoring or limitations (including toxicity) requests: None at this time.
3. Important SOC/JOC or Compliance Schedule dates: NIA
4. Alternative Analysis Evaluation: There are no known on-site or off-site alternatives that
are currently available which would eliminate the need to discharge.
PART IV- EVALUATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The permittee, FMC Corporation, Lithium Division (FMC), requests renewal of the
subject Permit. Changes at this facility since the permit was last renewed include the removal
and demolition of the spodumene ore process, and the removal and demolition of the two (2)
package-type WWTPs that treated all of the domestic wastewater generated on-site. The
spodumene ore process moved to a FMC site in South America, and all domestic wastewater is
now diverted to Bessemer City's sewer collection system. All of the changes made at this facility
since the permit was last reissued are documented in the renewal application.
Pending receipt and approval of the WLA, it is recommended that the Permit be renewed
as requested.
Signature of Report Preparer Da
Water Quality Reg' al Supervisor Date
h;ldsr\dsro I Vithium.sr

FiV C, Corporation
Lithium Division
Highway 161
Box 795
Bessemer City North Carolina 28016
704 868 5300 Fax [phone]
CERT.1_FIED MAIL aFFAC
RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED
March 29, 2001
Ms. Valery Stephens
NCDENR/Water Quality 1 Point Source Branch
1617 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1617
Re: Renewal Application -NPDES No. NCO005177
Dear N1s. Stephens:
In accordance with the provisions of Part H, Section B.10 of NPDES Permit No. NCO005177,
FDIC Corporation's Lithium Division facility located in Bessemer City, Gaston County ("FDIC")
is herewith requesting renewal of NPDES Permit No. NCO005177. Enclosed is one signed
original and two copies of the completed, signed application form. This renewal application is
being submitted at least 180 days prior to the expiration date of the current permit on September
30, 2001. FDIC requests that if a new permit is not issued by the expiration date that the current
permit remain in force until superceded by a new permit.
Please note that since the previous permit was issued, the spodumene ore processing circuit was
strut down in 2Q1998 and subsequently demolished, thus eliminating the need for multiple flow
scenarios to correspond with multiple chronic bioassay dilution factors. This permit renewal
application package contains one flow scenario for a maximum flow rate of 0.615 million gallons
per day at a chronic bioassay dilution factor of 78%.
Additionally, in 1Q1999 the domestic treatment facility package units were eliminated- All
sanitary waste waster and laboratory drains now discharge to the City of Bessemer City POTW at
a rate of approximately 8 — 15 Kgal/day.
Lastly, the cogeneration boiler was idled in 2Q 1999. The boiler accounted for a flow rate of
approximately 122 Kgal/day of cooling water to the Lower Pond.
FMC looks forward to discussing the NPDES permit renewal with the Division of Water Quality.
If you should have any questions, please contact me at 704-868-5897.
Very truly yours
4 ' v
berly . Weathers
Environmental Manager

L ..Jam , µ. rt ..� y, r ^ ',S.0 1 _ .. 'r L.3:}3•. ^ .�
NPDES Application Form — Standard Form C
Major Manufacturing or Commercial Facilities
FMC Corporation
NPDES Permit Renewal, March 2001
NCO005177
Supplemental Documentation
Present Operating Status
Installed components for treatment of outfall 004
Stormwaters aloe; with boiler blow-down, cooling water, process steam condensate, and effluent
from the R&D Pond are treated throuvuh a series of ponds throughout the west canal, which include
sedimentation and polishinn ponds.
Potential Facility Changes
Potential facility changes could include step increases in production for both inorganic and
organic production but are not expected to significantly effect the wastewater discharges.
Schematic of Wastewater Flow
See attached drawing No. (40-101A-5-3427 Rev. A) at the end of this section
Location Map
See Attachment #2
Production Data
See Attachment #3
Priority Pollutant Analysis
See Attachment #5
4of4

FMC Corporation -Lithium Division
NPDES No. NC0005177
Permit Renewal 3/01
Attachment I
Water Treatment Chemicals
The FMC plant site uses these trade name products, or their equivalents. Commercial water
treatment service firms typically provide the products. Data presented here is based on 2000-
2001 product usage. Material Safety Data Sheets for these materials are attached.
Additionally, a copy of the biocide approval worksheet.for Bromicide is attached.
Product Name Manufacturer Constituents
BROMICIDE Bio-Lab, Inc. I-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dim ethylhydantoin
CORTROL IS]050 BetzDearborn Sodium sulfite
OPTISPERSE PO400 BetzDearborn Sodium tripolyphosphate
-- OPTISPERSE SP530 BetzDearborn Non-hazardous ingredients
OPTISPERSE PO423 BetzDearborn Potassium hydroxide
OPTIGUARD.MCP602 BetzDearborn Sulfurous acid, dipotassium salt
Diethylaminoethanol
Potassium hydroxide
STEAMATE NA2460 BetzDearborn Methoxypropylamine, 3-

FMC Corporation - L1t111t1n1 DIVIS1011
NPDES No. NC0005177
Permit Renewal 3/01
Attachment L Pa<(e 2
Water Treatment Application Specifics
(l) Battery Metals Building Cooling Tower
6 BROMICIDE biocide tablets per month
Discharoe from north drain to Lower Pond/Outfall 001
(2) Area IV — Bluc Building - Cooling Tower 91
8 BROMICIDE biocide tablets per month
DischarLye from north drain to Lower Pond/Outfall 001
(3) Area IV--- Pharm Carb - Cooling Tower 42
9 BRONIICIDE hincide tablets per month
Discharge from north drain to Lower Pond/Outfall 001
(4) Specialty Or-anics Coolinb Tower
9 BROMICIDE biocide tablets per month
DischarLe to West Cana l/0Utfal1 004
(i) R&D Buildino Cooling Tower
2 BROMICIDE biocide tablets per month
Circulates through R&D Pond/Outfall 004
(6) Shipping Cooling Tower
4 BROMICIDE biocide tablets per month
Discharue from north drain to Lower Pond/Outfall 001
(7) Hypo Chiller Roof Top Chiller 41
4 BROMICIDE biocide tablets per month
Discharve fi-om north drain to Lower Pond/Outfall 001
(8) Hypo Chiller Roof Top Chiller 92
4 BROMICIDE biocide tablets per month
Discham,e from north drain to Lower Pond/Outfall 001
The biocide tablets Eire dosed on a COntlnUOUS basis using a Brominator doslm•? system.

17NIC Corporation - Lithium Division
NPDES No. NCO005177
Pcrinit Renewal 3/01
Attachment 1. pzwe
(9) Specialty OrL,anics Boiler
0.5 lb/day CORTROL IS]050 oxyEzen scaverinr
lb/day OPTISPERSE NICP602 internal treatment
Discharge to West Canal/Outfall 004
(10) Main Plant Boilers 43 and 14
4 lb/day CORTROL IS1050 oxygen scavenger
7.5 lb/day OPTISPERSE P0400 internal treatment
10 lb/day OPTISPERSE SP530 boiler dispersant
R lb/day STEAMATE NA2460 condensate treatment
15 lb/day OPTISPERSE P0423 deposit control a(,ent
(can be used in place of OPTISPERSE P0400 and OPTISPERSE S11530)
Circulates through R&D fond/Outfall 004

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<'
DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY
February 20, 2001
MEMORANDUM
To: Dave Goodrich
Through: Matt Matthews
From: Todd Christenson
Subject: FMC Corporation-Lithium Division
Biocide/Chemical Treatment Use
NPDES No. NCO0005177
Gaston County
FMC Corporation - Lithium Division has submitted the Bio-Labs, Inc product Bromi.Cide for approval.
Data submitted by the facility concerning the dosage rate of the biocides, degradation, system volume,
average daily discharge, toxicity of the active ingredient(s) and/or breakdown products, and minimum
stream flow have also been reviewed and evaluated.
Several changes were made to the data submitted on the Biocide 101 form:
- LC50 values for the product itself, rather than its degradation products, must be used for these
calculations. The value for Daphnia magna was given as 0.48 mg/l.
- Subsequent to our telephone conversation, empirical evidence was found to support a half-life for
this product of approximately I hour (0.04 days).
Calculations summarized on the accompanying worksheet predict that the use of BromiCide at the
stated dosage razes and discharge conditions will not result in toxic impact to aquatic life in the
receiving stream. Therefore, the use of this product as a biocide at FMC Corporation-Lithium Division is
deemed acceptable.
If there are questions concerning this review please contact me at [phone].
Attachments
cc: Kimberly Weathers —FMC Corporation.
Central files

FNIC Corporation -Lithium Division
NPDES No. NC0005177
Permit Renewal 3/01
Attachment 3
Tlie following represents actual production data for the FMC facility for 1998-2000.
Production Data
SIC Code 1998 1999 2000
IEiorL,anic Lithium Compounds )819 21.550 tons/yr 14.450 tons/vr 15.720 ton/yr
Organic Lithium Compounds 2969 134 tonslyr 231 tons/yr 439 tons/vr

NPDES Application Form
Major Manufacturing or Commercial Facilities
FN1C Corporation March 16, 2001
uPDES Permit Renewal, March 2001
;UC0005177
Sludge Management Plan
In February 1999 FMC discontinued operation of its two sanitary sewer package plants by
directing all sanitary sewer wastewater and laboratory drains to the Bessemer City POTW.
Therefore no Sludge management plan is required.
Date 5- Zq 01
rWenvironmental
hers
Manager
FMC Corporation
Lithium Division
F
l 1 of 1

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