NC0020621_Permit (Issuance)_19951113

NPDES DOCUMENT SCANNING COVER SHEET
NPDES Permit: NC0020621
Boone WWTP
Document Type: ermit Issuance
Wasteload Allocation
Authorization to Construct (AtC)
Permit Modification
Speculative Limits
201 Facilities Plan
Instream Assessment (6713)
Environmental Assessment (EA)
Permit
History
Document Date: November 13, 1995
This document is printed oa reuse paper-ignore nay
content oa the reverse side

Per�n�
Permit No. NCO020261
jC5
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH, AND NATURAL RESOURCES
DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
PERMIT
TO DISCHARGE WASTEWATER UNDER THE
NATIONAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM
In compliance with the provisions of North Carolina General Statute 143-215.1, other lawful standards
and regulations promulgated and adopted by the North Carolina Environmental Management Commission,
and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended,
Town of Boone
is hereby authorized to discharge wastewater from a facility located at
Boone Wastewater Treatment Plant
NCSR 1515
East of Boone
Watauga County
to receiving waters designated as South Fork New River in the New River Basin
in accordance with the discharge limitations, monitoring requirements, and other conditions set forth in
Pans I, II, 1II, and IV hereof.
This permit shall become effective December 1, 1995.
This permit and the authorization to discharge shall expire at midnight on November 30, 2000.
Signed this day November 13, 1995.
Original Signed By
David A. Goodrich
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
Division of Environmental Management
By the Authority of the Ens ironmental Management Commission

Permit No. NC0020261
SUPPLEMENT TO PERMIT COVER SHEET
_ . Town of Boone
is hereby authorized to: -- - .
1. Continue to operate an existing 3.2 MGD wastewater treatment facility consisting of dual bar
screens (one mechanical, one manual), influent lift station, dual primary clarifiers, dual
trickling filters, recirculation lift station, dual secondary clarifiers, chlorination and
—' dechlorination, dual aerobic digesters,—and sludge drying beds located-at Town of. Boone
Wastewater Treatment Plant on NCSR 1515, east of Boone in Watauga County.
2. Discharge wastewater from said treatment works at the location specified on the attached
maps into South Fork New River which is classified Class C Tr waters in the New River
Basin.

A. (1). EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS AND MONITORING REQUIREMENTS FINAL Permit No. Nc002062\�'�) '
During the period beginning on the effective dale of the permit and lasting until expiration, the Permittec is authorized to discharge from outfall
g P g g P g P g i;,• � ;
serial number 00L Such discharges shall be limited and monitored by the permittee as specified below:
Effluent Characteristics charge Limitations Monitoring Requirements
Measurement Sample Sample
Monthly Avg. Weekly Avg, wily Maw FreStuencv Tvoe Location
Flow 3.20 MGD Continuous Recording I or E
13O1) (5 Day, 20 IC) 2 30.0 mg/l 45.0 mg/I Daily Composite E,1
Total Suspended Residue 2 30.0 mg/I 45.0 mg/I Daily Composite E,I
NII3 as N (tng/1) 3/Week Composite E
Fecal Coliform (geometric mean) 200.0/100 nil 400.0/100 tn1 Daily Grab E
Total Residual Chlorine (pg/1) Daily Grab I-
Total Nitrogen (mg/I) Quarterly Composite E
Total Phosphorus (rng/1) Quarterly Composite E
Chronic Toxicity 3 Quarterly Composite E
PH 4 Daily Grab E
Cadmium 1.5 µg/I Weekly ' Composite E
Copper (µg/l) 2/Month ! Composite E
Lead 91.0 µg/1 Weekly , Composite E
Zinc (µg/1) 2/Month ; Composite E
Cyanide (Ng/I) 2/Month Composite E
Iron (mg/1) 2/Month Composite E
Mercury 0.04 µg/I Weekly Composite E
Silver (µgA) 2/Month'. Composite E
Footnotes:
Sample locations: E - Effluent, I - Influent
2 The monthly average effluent BOD5 and total suspended residue concentrations shall not exceed 1591c of the respective influent value (85% removal
required).
3 Chronic Toxicity (Ceriodaphnia) P/F at 27%. Samples shall be taken quarterly during the months of March, June, September, and December. See Part
111, Condition F.
4 The pH shall not be less than 6.0 standard units nor greater than 9.0 standard units.
THERE SHALL BE NO DISCHARGE OF FLOATING SOLIDS OR FOAM IN OTHER THAN TRACE AMOUNTS.

P III Permit No. NCO020621
F. CHRONIC TOXICITY PASS/FAIL PERMIT LIMIT (QRTRLY)
The effluent discharge shall at no time exhibit chronic toxicity using test procedures outlined in:
tF�
1.) The North Carolina Ceriodaphnia chronic effluent bioassay procedure (North Carolina Chronic
Bioassay Procedure - Revised *September 1989) or subsequent versions.
The effluent concentration at which there maybe no-observable inhibition of reproduction or
significant mortality is 27% (defined as treatment two in the North Carolina procedure document):
The permit holder shall perform quarterly monitoring using this procedure to establish compliance
with the permit condition. The first test will be performed after thirty days from the effective date
of this permit during the months of March, June, September and December. Effluent sampling for
this testing shall be performed at the NPDES permitted final effluent discharge below all treatment
processes.
All toxicity testing results required as part of this permit condition will be entered on the Effluent
Discharge Monitoring Form (MR-1) for the month in which it was performed, using the parameter
code TGP3B. Additionally, DEM Form AT-1 (original) is to be sent to the following address:
Attention:
Environmental Sciences Branch
North Carolina Division of
Environmental Management
4401 Reedy Creek Road
Raleigh, N.C. 27607
Test data shall be complete and accurate and include all supporting chemical/physical measurements
performed in association with the toxicity tests, as well as all dose/response data. Total residual
chlorine of the effluent toxicity sample must be measured and reported if chlorine is employed for
disinfection of the waste stream.
Should any single quarterly monitoring indicate a failure to meet specified limits, then monthly
monitoring will begin immediately until such time that a single test is passed. Upon passing, this
monthly test requirement will revert to quarterly in the months specified above.
Should any test data from this monitoring requirement or tests performed by the North Carolina
Division of Environmental Management indicate potential impacts to the receiving stream, this
permit may be re-opened and modified to include alternate monitoring requirements or limits.
NOTE: Failure to achieve test conditions as specified in the cited document. such as minimum
control organism survival and appropriate environmental controls, shall constitute an invalid test
and will require immediate retesting(within 30 days of initial monitoring event). Failure to submit
suitable test results will constitute noncompliance with monitoring requirements.
G. ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS CONDITION
The pernuttee shall continuously evaluate all wastewater disposal alternatives and pursue the most
environmentally sound alternative of the reasonably cost effective alternatives. If the facility is in
substantial non-compliance with the terms and conditions of the NPDES permit or goveming rules,
regulations or laws, the permittee shall submit a report in such form and detail as required by the
Division evaluating these altematives and a plan of action within sixty (60) days of notification by
the Division.

TOXICANT ANALYSIS
Facility Name BOONE WWTP
NPDES# NCO020621
Ow MGD 3.2i
7010s (cfs) 13.1'.
IWC(%) 27.46--------------
Rec'ving Stream SOUTH FORK NEW R. 1
Stream Class C
033 FINAL RESULTS
a/ CR
Max. Pred Cw 107.51 u fia-60
Allowable Cw 182.1':ugA
Max. Value 25
a0 cu
-Max.-Pred-Cw 164':ugA
Allowable Cw 25.5i ugA
Max. Value 821
2l FE
Max. Pred Cw 5440':ugA
Allowable Cw 3641.1 i ugA
Max. Value 2720
al PB l4 Z/ 60L
Max. Pred Cw 124 j ugA.
Allowable Cw 91.0 ugA
Max. Value 40
20 NI l7 Z� BDL
Max. Pred Cw 40ugA
Allowable Cw 320.41ugA
Max. Value 20'
2z ZN
Max. Pred Cw 728ju A
Allowable Cw 182.1 ugA
Max. Value 260':
a( CD I 18�1 21 r34c-
Max. Pred Cw 11.61 ugA d
Allowable Cw 1.5;ugA
Max. Value 4':
dZ AG i I7 y ZZ aJL/ l �v
Max. Pred Cw 82.51 ugA
Allowable Cw 0.2'ugA
Max.Value 25i
of HG /4� aW �JL
Max. Pred Cw 52.8!ugA
Allowable Cw 0.0;!ugA
Max. Value 81
20 CN
Max. Pred Cw 13.31 ugA lf�20 BUL
Allowable Cw 18.21ugA
Max. Value T
2/15/96 PAGE 1

TOXICANT ANALYSIS
Facitl Name BOONE WWTP
NPDES# NC0020621
Qw MGD 4.82i
7010s (cfs) 9.5'
/WC(%) 44.021
Rec'ving Stream SOUTH FORK NEW R. i
Stream Class C TR
FINAL RESULTS !
CR
Max. Pred Cw 107.5jugA
Allowable Cw 113.6':ugA
Max.Value 251
CU
Max. Prod Cw 164':ugA
Allowable Cw 15.9iugA
Max. Value 82i
FE
Max. Pred Cw 5440'ug/I
Allowable Cw 2271.61ugA
Max.Value 2720;
PB
Max. Prod Cw 124ugA
Allowable Cw 56.8 i ugA
Max. Value 40
NI '
Max. Pred Cw 40iugA
Allowable Cw 199.91u A
Max. Value 20'
ZN
Max. Pred Cw 728iu A
Allowable Cw 113.6;ugA
Max. Value 260':
CD
Max. Pred Cw 11.6iugA
Allowable Cw 0.9;ugA
Max. Value 4':
AG
Max. Pred Cw 82.51ugA
Allowable Cw 0.1•.ugA
Max. Value 25;
HG
Max. Pred Cw 52.81ugA
Allowable Cw O.OiugA
Max. Value Si
CN '
Max. Prod Cw 13.3iug/l
Allowable Cw 11.41 ug/l
Max. Value 7i
2/15/96 PAGE 1

cc: Permits and Engineering
Technical Support Branch
County Health Dept.
Central Files
WSRO
SOC PRIORITY PROJECT: X Yes No
If Yes, SOC No. SOC awaiting signature
To: Permits and Engineering Unit
Water Quality Section
Attention: Jeanette Powell
Date: January 24, 1996
NPDES STAFF REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION
MODIFICATION TO LAST APPLICATION REQUEST
County Watauga
Perrnit No. NC0020621
PART I - GENERAL INFORMATION
1. Facility and Address: Town of Boone WWTP
P.O. Drawer 192
Boone, NC 28607
2. Date of Investigation: January 23, 1996
3. Report Prepared by: Beth Morton
4. Persons Contacted and Telephone Number: Oscar Hodges
(704)2624580
5. Directions to Site: Take 421 North towards Boone. Turn left onto Charlie Hollar Road. Follow signs
to the WWTP.
6. Discharge Points(s), List.for all discharge points:
Latitude: 36* 12' 54" Longitude: 81* 38' 10"
U.S.G.S. Quad No. C-12NW U.S.G.S. Quad Name Boone
7. Site size and expansion area consistent with application? X Yes No If No, explain:
8. Topography (relationship to flood plain included): The South Fork New River often floods the
entrance to the treatment plant. To my knowledge the plant itself has not been under water due to
flooding.
9. Location of nearest dwelling: >1000 Ft
10. Receiving stream or affected surface waters: South Fork of the New River
a. Classification C Tr
b. River Basin and Subbasin No.: New River Basin 05 07 01

NPDES Staff Report
January 24, 1996
Page 2
C. Describe receiving stream features and pertinent downstream uses: The river supports fish and
wildlife.
Part H - DESCRIPTION OF DISCHARGE AND TREATMENT WORKS
1. a. Volume of Wastewater to be permitted: 4.82 million Mons ner day (MGD) (Ultimate Design
Capacity) with a peak flow of 12.05 mgd.
b. What is the current permitted capacity of the Waste Water Treatment facility? 3.2 MGD.
C. Actual treatment capacity of the current facility (current design capacity)? 3.2 MGD.
d. Date(s) and construction activities allowed by previous Authorizations to Construct issued in
the previous two years. On July 28, 1994, an authorization to construct a course bubble
diffused aeration system and floating decanters in the digesters was issued.
e. Please provide a description of existing or substantially constructed wastewater treatment
facilities; The facility consists of dual bar screens (one mechanical, one manual), influent lift
station, dual primary clarifiers, dual trickling filters, recirculation lift station, dual secondary
clarifiers, chlorination and decblorination chamber, dual aerobic digesters, drying beds, and
covered drying beds.
f. Please provide a description of proposed wastewater treatment facilities. Mechanical bar
screen, parshall flume and flow measurement, 3 new influent pumps, wet well addition,
aerated grit and grease removal, primary clarifiers conversion to flow equalization basins, two
oxidation ditches sharing a common wall, two secondary clarifiers, deep bed tertiary filtration,
UV disinfection, belt presses, and sludge dryer.
g. Possible toxic impacts to surface waters: None known.
It. Pretreatment Program (POTWs only):
in development _ approved
should be required _ not needed
2. Residuals handling and utilization/disposal scheme:
a. If residuals are being land applied, please specify DEM Permit No. WO0005757.
Residuals Contractor Advanced Waste Management Services Inc
Telephone No. f8041222-7514
b. Residuals stabilization: PSRP X_PFRP-5-Other_
C. Landfill: NA
d. Other disposal/utilization scheme (Specify): None.
3. Treatment plant classification (attach completed rating abort). IV

NPDES Staff Report
January 24, 1996
Page 3
4. SIC Code(s): 4952
Primary 21 Secondary 52 (IRC makes electrical components-resistors)
Main Treatment Unit Code: jQ 14_
PART ID - OTHER PERTINENT INFORMATION
I. Is this facility being constructed with Construction Grant Funds or are any public monies involved.
(municipals only)? Yes
2. Special monitoring or limitations (including toxicity) requests: None.
3. Important SOC, JOC or Compliance Schedule dates: (Please indicate)
An SOC is awaiting signature.
4. Alternative Analysis Evaluation: Has the facility evaluated all of the non-discharge options available.
Please provide regional perspective for each option evaluated.
Spray Irrigation: Yes. Topographical and geological nature of land in the area makes this option
infeasible.
Connection to Regional Sewer System: NA
Subsurface: Geological nature of land makes this option infeasible.
Other disposal options: Constructed wetlands was impossible due to lack of available land which
would be appropriate for the system.
5. Other Special Items: None.
PART IV - EVALUATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The main difference between this application and the last one is the flow has been reduced from 5mgd
(Peak of 12.5 mgd) to 4.82 mgd (Peak of 12.05 mgd). This plant experiences high flows on a regular basis.
There is concern that the automated mechanical bar screen can not handle the high flow situations. I discussed
this problem with Dwight Lancaster, who recommended that bubbler control devices be installed to divert flow
from the automated mechanical bar screen to the manual screen to equalize flow and to improve screening
efficiency during high flow situations. Also, the plant appears to have no ability to automatically chlorinate the
return line to the oxidation ditch. This type of-chlorination may have to be manual if no lines are installed and
bulking occurs in the oxidation ditch.
Recommendation is made to issue this permit.
l.�
Signature of ort preparer
Water Quality Regional Su rvisor
Date

DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
April 25, 1995 .
MEMORANDUM
TO: Monica Swihart
FROM: Jacquelyn M. Now 11
Susan A_Wilso
THRU: Don Saf ��y,
Coleen Sullins 4�2
Ruth Swanek QC.S
SUBJECT: Town of Boone 201 Facilities Plan Update
Project Number 717
NPDES Permit No. NCO020621
Watauga County
The Technical Support Branch has reviewed the subject document and have no
additional comments on the plan. The 201 plan includes correspondence from the Division.
where speculative limits for future expansions of the Boone WWTP have been addressed
through the New River Basin ORW Area management strategy. This strategy when
implemented states that effluent limits of BOD5 = 5 mg/1 and NH3 =2 mg/l will be applied
to all new and expanded dischargers upstream of ORW designated areas. The plan
includes improvements to the existing wastewater treatment in order to comply with the
more stringent limits.
The Technical Support Branch agrees that no environmentally sound, economically
feasible alternative, other than the discharge alternative, exists for this facility.
cc: Steve Mauney
Central Files
WLA File

NPDES WASTE LOAD ALLOCATION
PERMIT NO.:
NC0020621 Modeler Date Rec. #
PERMTITEE NAME: Town of Boone
z
FACILITY NAME: Boone Wastewater Treatment Plant Drainage Area(mi ) Avg. Streamfiow (cfs):
Facility Status: Existing 7Q10 (cfs) Winter 7Q10 (cfs) 30Q2 (cfs).
Permit Status: Modification Toxicity Limits: IWC % Acute/Chronic
Major 1 Minor Instream Monitoring:
Pipe No.: 001 Parameters
Design Capacity:3.2 4.82 MGD Upstream Location
Domestic (% of Flow): % Downstream Location
Industrial (% of Flow):
Effluent Summer Winter
Comments: Characteristics
Major Modification to increase capacity from 3.2 MGD to 4.82 MGD BOD5 (mg/1)
(TILti� (t jvlj NH3-N (mg/1)
�anc51 a �L.�o�
RECEIVING STREAM:south Fork New Rivcr D.O. (mg/1)
Class: C-Trout TSS (mg/1)
Sub-Basin: 05-07-01 F. Col. (/100 ml)
Reference USGS Quad: C 12 NW Boone (please attach)
pH (SU)
County:_..Watauga
Regional Office: Winston-Salem Regional Office
Previous Exp. Date: 00/00/00 Treatment Plant Class: IV
Classification changes within three miles:
Requested by: Jeanette Powell Date: 01/16/96
Prepared by: Date: Comments:
Reviewed by: Date:
_i3oz)w
WQJZ

GVL
FINDING OF NO SIGNIFICANT IMPACT
AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
UPGRADE AND EXPAND THE EXISTING ��
WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES
BOONE, NORTH CAROLINA
AGENCY: NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT,
HEALTH, AND NATURAL RESOURCES
CONTACT: JOHN R. BLOWE, P.E., CHIEF "
CONSTRUCTION GRANTS AND LOANS SECTION
DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
512 N. SALISBURY STREET
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27626-0535
DECEMBER 1, 1995

FINDING OF NO SIGNIFICANT IMPACT (FNSI)
Title VI of the amended Clean Water Act requires the review and approval of
environmental information prior to the construction of publicly-owned wastewater
treatment facilities financed by the State Revolving Fund (SRF). The proposed project
has been evaluated for compliance with the North Carolina Environmental Policy Act and
determined to be a major agency action which will affect the environment.
Project Applicant: Boone, North Carolina
Project Number: CS370493-04
Project Description: The proposed project consists of upgrading and expanding the
existing 3.2 mgd plant to a 5.0 mad tertiary facility.
Total Project Cost: $11,161,000
z evolving Loan Amount: $11,161,000
:Mitigative measures will be;implementedto.avoid.significant adverse environmental
-.impacts, and-an environmental impact.statement (EIS) will not be required. The decision
was based on information in the facilities plan, a public hearing document, and reviews
by governmental agencies. An environmental assessment supporting this action is
attached. This FNSI completes the environmental review record, which.is available for
inspection at the State Clearinghouse.
No administrative action will be taken on the proposed project for at least thirty working -
days after notification that the FNSI has been published in the North Carolina
Environmental Bulletin.
Sincerely,
A. Preston Howard P.E., Director
Division of Environmental Management
a
;.

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
A. Proposed Facilities and Actions
Figure 1 identifies the site of the proposed improvements to the existing wastewater
treatment facilities. -
Treatment Facilities. The existing 3.2 mgd treatment plant will be upgraded and
expanded to a 5.0 mgd tertiary facility. Improvements to the treatment plant will include
modifications to the influent pump station, new mechanical and manual bar screens, flow
measuring and sampling devices, a grit removal system, flow splitter boxes, two
oxidation ditches, two final clarifiers, tertiary filters, and ultraviolet disinfection. The.
existing primary clarifiers will be converted to equalization basins. Sludge processing
facilities will include a sludge return pump station, a lime feed system, a gravity belt
press, a sludge dryer, and a building. Class A stabilized sludge will be marketed and .
beneficially reused as a soil amendment. Additional requirements will consist of site.
grading, yard piping, laboratory and control building modifications, roadway
improvements, plant instrumentation, and electrical and mechanical construction.
Effluent from the treatment plant will continue to be discharged into the South Fork of
the New River.
B. Existing Environment
Topography and Soils. The town of Boone is located in Watauga County, which is in
the Blue Ridge physiographic province of the Appalachian Highlands. Elevations for the
Boone area range from 3,200 to 3,300 feet above mean sea level. There are five major
soil associations, and most of the soils are well-drained with steep to rolling hills.
Surface Waters. Boone is located in the New River Basin, and most of the watersheds
in the Boone area drain into the South Fork of the New River. The town's treatment
plant discharges effluent into the South Fork of the New River, and the facility is located
approximately sixty-two miles upstream of the segment of the New River that has been
classified as Outstanding Resource Waters (ORW). The South Fork of the New River, a
.Class C.stream _4as.a 7Q10 of 13.4 cfs-at.the_point of the effluent discharge..
Water Supply. The town of Boone receives potable water from a reservoir on Winkler
Creek, and the supply is augmented by a mountain spring. Appalachian State University
has a separate water supply on Norris Creek. Domestic users located beyond the central
distribution lines rely upon groundwater.
4t

C. Existing. Wastewater Facilities
The town of Boone operates-a 3.2 mgd wastewater treatment plant with the effluent
discharged into the South Fork of the New River. The original plant was constructed in
1967 with a design capacity of 1.8 mgd, and the existing facility was expanded to its
present capacity in 1979. Existing facilities consist of dual comminutors which are
inoperative, an influent pump station, dual primary settling basins, dual trickling filters,
dual secondary clarifiers, dual aerobic digesters, a chlorination unit, dechlorination
equipment, and sludge drying beds. Sludge can either be land applied as a cake from the
drying beds or distributed on the land as a liquid from the digesters. Although treatment
capacity exists to process the sewage demand of the entire town, some of the residential
and commercial units within the town's boundary are not provided central collection and
treatment service. The lack of complete sewer service can be attributed to the high cost
of installing lines in areas with excessive rock and slope conditions. Additionally, a
sewer system evaluation survey was conducted, and infiltration and inflow were
determined to be non-excessive. However, there are some transport and collection lines
which are overloaded during wet weather conditions, and the town has committed to cost
effectively removing extraneous flows.
D. Need for Proposed Facilities and Actions
The town of Boone:experienced,problems meeting the established effluent limitations
listed in the NPDES permit, and a Special Order by Consent (SOC) was imposed by the.
Division-of Environmental Management (DEM). :Steps have been taken by the town to
improve the plant's performance in order to comply with the effluent limitations for
biochemical oxygen demand and total suspended solids. In spite of the improvements,
the town's flow to the treatment plant is approximately 79 percent of the design capacity,
and DEM requires a municipality to evaluate future flows when the treatment plant's
flow is 80 percent of the permitted capacity. Since the demand for additional treatment
capacity is projected to increase, the town needs to expand the existing facility from 3.2
to 5.0 mgd. Advanced effluent limitations will be required for the effluent to protect .
Water quality in the South Fork of the New River, as well as.the ORW classification and
---- --the Natural-alid Scenic-designation of die-New River.--In-addition to-the town proposing- --_-----
to expand the hydraulic capacity of the existing treatment plant to handle future needs,
more stringent treatment will require adequate sludge handling facilities to consistently
comply with sludge regulations in 40 CFR, Part 503.
Boone requested speculative effluent limitations for a 5.0 mgd plant, and DEM advised
the town that the proposed facility must discharge an effluent that meets tertiary
limitations of BODS=5.0 mg/I, NH3-N=2 mg/I, and TSS=20 mg/l. A fecal coliform
limitation of 200/100 ml will also be required. Compliance with a residual chlorine
effluent limitation will not be necessary since an ultraviolet disinfection system will be
installed.
2

E. Alternatives Anal L is
The town of Boone needs to make significant improvements to the existing wastewater
treatment facilities to process future flows, to meet the advanced effluent limitations of
the NPDES permit, and to comply with the requirements of 40 CFR, Part 503.
Accordingly, an updated facilities plan was prepared, and several alternatives were
evaluated. The "no-action" alternative was determined not to be practical due to the
inability of the existing plant to process the projected hydraulic flow and protect water
quality downstream. An optimum plant operation will not achieve the desired results
because the plant was not designed to comply with tertiary effluent limitations, which
will be imposed as a condition for expanding the flow from 3.2 to 5.0 mgd. A land
application system was investigated and rejected due to the topographical and geological
limitations of nearby vacant sites. A constructed wetland was also considered and
determined not to be feasible. Constructing a new treatment plant at another location was
considered, but the sites investigated would require new construction in a floodplain and
in close proximity to residential structures. Therefore, relocating the plant to another site
was determined not to be the most cost-effective solution. The final alternative consisted
of upgrading and expanding the treatment plant at the existing site. The existing site is
bound by a rocky mountainside and the South Fork of the New River. Moreover, the
existing treatment units occupy most of the present site, and expanding in this location
will be a difficult challenge. Nevertheless, the most cost-effective alternative is to
,upgrzde and expand at the existing treatment plant site. It is also t :e selected alternative.
F. Environmental Consequences, Mitigative Measures
The proposed wastewater treatment improvements will take place at the existing site, and
a 1,000 foot gravel road will be constructed to provide reliable access to the facility.
All of the proposed improvements to the treatment facility will take place in previously
cleared areas, and less than one acre of trees will be cleared to construct the access road.
A sedimentation and erosion control plan will be implemented to minimize adverse
runoff. Appropriate air quality permits will be required to construct and operate the
proposed equipment. The Department of Cultural Resources is not aware of any
.,,properties of arohitectural, historic, or archaeological significance which would be
affected by the project. North Carolina's Wildlife Resources Commission does not object
to the proposed project. The U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service indicated that there were no
federally-listed endangered or threatened species in the project area. However, the
Service further indicated that there are three rare fish species in the South Fork of the
New River, and one was a federal candidate for protection under Section 7 of the
Endangered Species Act of 1973. The three candidate species are not legally protected,
but the Service has requested a fish survey to determine if any of the species still exist
downstream of the treatment plant. The town responded by indicating that a fish survey
was not justified since tertiary treatment will be provided to protect the stream.
Moreover, tertiary treatment of the proposed 5.0 mgd will result in less biochemical
oxygen demand than is the case for the current secondary treatment of 3.2 mgd. The
3

existing total suspended solids parameter of 30.0 mg/1 will be reduced in the new
NPDES permit to 20.0 mg/l, and this amounts to only a slightly higher level of stream
loading for this parameter. The expanded 5.0 mgd tertiary facility will be required to
meet a stringent effluent limitation of 2 mg/1 for ammonia nitrogen. An ultraviolet
disinfection system will also be installed to eliminate the potential toxic exposure that can
be created with a chlorine disinfection system. Recommendations made by the Office of
Waste Reduction on clearing, grubbing, mulching, seeding, recycling and conserving will
be further considered and included, to the extent feasible, as a part of the contract work.
The existing treatment plant has occupied the present site since 1967, and the proposed
facility will be located in the 100-year floodplain. The proposed equipment will be
protected from a 100-year flood, and the treatment plant will be capable of operating
during a 25-year flood. Additionally, appropriate land does not exist, in close proximity
to the existing plant, to locate the proposed facilities to another site. To relocate the
proposed structures to another site would require a significant increase in capital costs, as
well as additional operation and maintenance expenses. There are no identified wetlands
to be impacted, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers will evaluate the plan to confirm
that there are no jurisdictional areas involved. Moreover, all project activities will take
place in accordance with applicable rules, regulations, and permit conditions.
G. Public Participation, Sources Consulted
A public hearing was held April 27, 1995 on the proposed project to upgrade and expand
Boone's wastewater treatment-facilities. The hearing covered problems of the existing
facilities;.need for the.proposedimprovements,:.and.cost.to.implement the selected
:alternative. No opposition to the proposed project has been expressed. A customer using
S,OOO;gallons of water currently pays S 16.53 per month for sewer service. The proposed
project will result in a typical customer paying approximately S 19.15 per month.
Sources consulted about this project for information or concurrence included:
1) Town of Boone
2) North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources
-Wildlife Resources Commission
-Park-s and Recreation
-Air Quality Section
-Groundwater Section
-Environmental Health
-Water Quality Planning
-Office of Waste Reduction
-Forest Resources
-Asheville Regional Office
-Legislative and Intergovermnental Affairs
3) North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources
4) North Carolina State Clearinghouse
Uis.Fish and Wildlife Service
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FIGURE 1 TOWN OF BOONE AND WASTEWATER 11111 Hobbs, Upchurch A Assoclatos, P.A.
, TREATMENT PLANT LOCATION C..,Okv r,, �
SCALE: 1" = 2000'

Fit ,
Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A.
Consulting Engineers
7990-50 North Point Boulevard,Suite 202 • Winston-Salem, NC 27106
December 19, 1995
Mr. David A. Goodrich
DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT/WQ SECTION
Permits and Engineering Unit
PO Box 29535
Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535
Re: Application for Modification of NPDES Permit o
NPDES Permit No. NCO020621
Boone WWTP
HUA No. BN9502
Dear Mr. Goodrich:
This letter serves as request for a modification of the subject NPDES permit. Enclosed -
are three (3) copies of the permit application with attachments, three (3) copies of this
letter, and a check for $400.00 to cover the application processing fee. Please process
this application at your earliest convenience.
This application for major modifications is in regard to improvements to the existing
treatment plant with construction to begin by September 1996. This plant is being funded
by the Construction Grants & Loans Section of NCDEM. The plans and specifications
are nearing completion (submittal to be January 15, 1996). The treatment system will
consist of oxidation ditches, clarifiers, tertiary filtration, and new sludge handling facilities.
The improved plant will also contain UV disinfection, aerobic digestion, and will be
designed to treat 4.82 mad. The improvements will be done on the existing Wastewater -
Treatment facility site in Boone and is anticipated to be completed by April 1998. A
Special Order by Consent Amendment is currently being finalized and will apply during the
construction period. A detailed description of the design of the new plant is included with
this application.
Winston-Salem, NC Telephone [phone] Fax [phone]
Southern Pines,NC Telephone [phone] Fax [phone]
Myrtle Beach,SC Telephone [phone] Fax [phone]

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Boone , N . C . Wastewater Treatment Plant Improvements
Proposed Schematic of Wastewater Flow
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71 Splitter Box Clarifiers
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Retum Activated Sludge Sludge Digestion/ Post Aeration & Metering
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BOONE WWTP - NPDES PERMIT NO. NCO020621
UPGRADE OF EXISTING FACILITIES
Process Description: Extended aeration, oxidation ditches followed by secondary
clarification and tertiary filtration. The extended aeration process will provide the ability
to meet the future effluent limitations on NH3N (ammonia nitrogen).
a. Influent Headivorks Area: The existing influent lines will be
diverted through an existing junction box and into a dual channel influent bar screening
process. One channel will be equipped with a mechanical bar screen. The mechanical
screen, with openings no greater than 1/2-inch, will be a grate type mechanism and will
dewater screenings as they are conveyed to a dumpster. The alternate, or bypass, channel
will be equipped with a manual bar screen, probably aluminum or stainless steel, with
openings no greater than 1-inch. In the event that the mechanical bar screen will need to
be taken out of service, the influent flow can be diverted to the bypass manual bar screen
channel through the manual operation of slide gates.
Immediately following influent screening, the flow will be directed through a parshall
flume equipped with an ultrasonic flow meter. The flow meter will provide the necessary
influent flow measurement and provide a direct read signal to the main computer control
system. A manually operated slide gate will follow the parshall flume and will be used
direct the measured flow to the Influent Pumping Station.
The existing influent dual comminutors and detriting screening equipment will be
removed from the existing structures and these structures will be abandoned in place.
The structures will either be covered or protected by some other means to prevent the
likelihood of accidents
b. Influent Wastewater Pumping Station: The existing Influent Pump
Station will be upgraded to obtain the necessary pumping capacity for an average daily
flow of 4.82 mgd and a peak flow of 12.05 mgd through the Boone Wastewater
Treatment Facility. This upgrade will include the installation of new pumps,
modifications to increase the wet well capacity, and a hoist system to accommodate the
larger pumps.

There will be three influent pumps, submersible, at 135 hp. Two of the pumps will be in
service at all times, one will be in reserve to be used as a backup for reserve capacity.
The pumps will be rotated into service to ensure equal wear on parts. The existing wet
well structure will be modified to increase the wet well capacity and allow for a
conversion of the wet pit/dry pit pumping operation to a submersible pumping system. A
hoist and trolley system will be installed to afford the Operator the ability to easily
remove the influent wastewater pumps and trolley them out of the station.
C. Aerated Grit and Grease Removal Unit: The influent wastewater
flow will be pumped from the Influent Pump Station to the Aerated Grit and Grease
Removal Unit which will be located immediately prior to the Influent Splitter Box. The
unit will be of a design that will induce a lateral roll of the wastewater allowing the
heavier grit particles to drop to the bottom of the grit chamber. The grit particles are then
suctioned out by a traveling pump and transferred to a grit hopper for disposal. Adjacent
to the aerated grit chamber will be a grease removal chamber where grease balls and other
surfactants will be floated to the top for removal by a skimming device. These are
pushed to one end of the grease unit for withdrawal by hoist and bucket system.
d. Influent Splitter Box: The Influent Splitter Box will control the
flow through the operation of hand-wheel operated slide gates to either or both of the
oxidation ditches. There will also be a weir which can divert flow to the equalization
basis during wet weather flows to the plant.
e. Oxidation Ditches: Oxidation ditches will serve as the primary
reactor basins for the extended aeration process. The dual-basin design will incorporate
cormnon wall construction and each basin will be equipped with aeration equipment
necessary to promote the carbonaceous and nitrogenous removal of waste. Each reactor
basin will be operated to accommodate fluctuations in influent flow through the operation
of weirs. The total capacity of both reactor basins will be approximately 5.0 million
gallons and will be operated at a mixed liquid suspended solids concentration of between
3,000 and 4,500 mg/1. A residual operating dissolved oxygen (DO) level will be
maintained within each reactor basin.
f. Final Circular Clarifiers: Following the solids contact aeration
basin, the flow will be diverted to a splitter box where the flow will be equally divided to

each of two circular secondary, or final, clarifiers. The clarifiers will be cylindrical
tanks, 90 feet in diameter and 14 feet deep, with slightly sloping bottoms where the
settling of suspended solids is allowed to take place. Each clarifier will be equipped with
radial rakes that rotate continuously, removing settled solids from the bottom of the tank
by means of rapid withdrawal suction piping as well as a center sludge pocket, from
which the sludge shall be withdrawn to the Sludge Return Pump Station and eventually
returned to the Solids Contact Aeration Basin. A full surface skimming device will also
be provided to remove floating scum, oil, or floating solids periodically from the surface.
The clarified effluent liquid flows radially outward to a weir where it overflows to a
launder to exit the unit and continue downstream to the other process units.
g. Sludge Return Pump Station: The sludge withdrawn from the final
clarifiers will be conveyed to the wet well of the Sludge Return Pump Station. The pump
station will house 3 solids handling pumps in the 60 to 80 hp range whose intended
purpose shall be to return the sludge to the solids contact aeration basin in order to
maintain a return activated sludge process loop within the treatment process. In addition
to the ability to return sludge, a system of piping will be designed that will serve to
periodically waste the sludge directly to the residuals handling process train when the
mixed liquid suspended solids concentration builds to undesirable levels in the solids
contact aeration basin, bypassing the tertiary filtration basin.
h. Deep Bed Tertiary Filtration: The clarified effluent from the
circular clarifiers leaves the distribution box and travels by gravity line to a 4 zone deep
bed sand filter basin called the Tertiary Filtration Basin. In this basin, the clarified
effluent will be distributed onto a two stage granular filter media. As the liquid is filtered
down through the media, any residual solids are trapped in the granular substance. The
system is designed on a rotation basis to allow air and water backwash of one of the four
zones while the other three zones are used for the filtration process. This will afford the
Operator the opportunity to air scour and water wash the filter media in all the four zones
periodically to maintain an efficient filtration process. The filtered liquid will be drawn
off through an underdrain system and collected in a clearwell. The backwash liquid will
be drawn from this basin. After the backwash is completed, the liquid will be returned to
the influent pump station where it will be reintroduced into the treatment process.
i. Ultraviolet Disinfection: Following filtration the clarified
wastewater will be directed through a channel containing banks of horizontal ultraviolet

bulbs. The ultraviolet light shall provide for fecal kill and disinfection of the clarified
effluent without the addition of toxic chemicals or gases. The Ultraviolet Disinfection
unit will be designed with 100% standby capacity to satisfy the reliability clause of the
State regulations (ref. NCAC .0200). Flow level within the UV disinfection unit will be
maintained by a pivotal counter balance weir mechanism at the exit end of the UV
chamber.
j. Connection to Existing Discharge Piping System: The disinfected
effluent will leave the UV disinfection unit and exit the plant by way of a cascade aerator.
The effluent will pass through an effluent parshall flume equipped with an ultrasonic flow
meter and then be re-aerated by flowing over the cascade aerator. The treated effluent
will continue on to be discharged to the South Fork of the New River at the existing
discharge point.
k. Equalization: The equalization process will begin with an
overflow weir placed at the influent splitter box prior to the oxidation ditches and the
necessary piping to convey the excess water to the existing primary and secondary
clarifiers. The chain and scraper mechanism and all sprockets and cog wheel assemblies
will be removed from the existing clarifiers and the basins retrofitted with coarse bubble
diffused aeration systems. During the equalization time period, the aeration systems will
serve to keep the equalized untreated wastewater "fresh". The two (2) existing primary
clarifiers will be renamed as Equalization Zones 1 and 2 and the two (2) existing
secondary clarifiers will be renamed as Equalization Zones 3 and 4. Each of the primary
clarifier basins will be capable of accommodating approximately 210,000 gallons of
excess flow and the secondary clarifier basins will be capable of accommodating
approximately 185,000 gallons of excess flow for a total equalization capacity of
approximately 790,000 gallons.
All equalization flow will initially be directed into Zone 1 directly from the influent
splitter box. When the basin reaches a certain capacity or if the basin must be taken out
of service for any reason the flow can be diverted to the Zone 2 basin through the manual
operation of the slide gates located at the influent to the basins. A drain system will be
installed from the low end of each basin into an existing 8" drain system and returned to
the influent junction box at the headworks of the plant. This drain system will allow the
removal of equalized flow at a controlled rate which the influent headworks of the plant
can accommodate.

1. Residuals Handling Process Train: The waste activated sludge
will be pumped from the Sludge Return Pump Station to the existing Aerobic Digesters.
The digesters, which are equipped with rotary positive displacement blowers and a coarse
bubble diffused aeration system, will equalize, digest, and store the sludge prior to the
Belt Pressed. The belt presses will take the sludge from 1.25 percent solids concentration
to 16 percent solids prior to the Air Dryer System, which will remove the water content to
provide for 90 percent solids. This will produce a Class A product. The solids will be
stored under cover adjacent to the drying facility. The dry solids will be periodically
removed from the site and disposed of in compliance of 503 regulations.
M. Upgrade to Laboratory and Control Facilities: The existing
laboratory and control building will be renovated to provide additional laboratory space, a
Superintendent's office, and a lab/computer control assistance office. All process data
will be received on a central computer unit from the remote terminal units (RTU's)
located at all the major process equipment throughout the plant. This will allow direct
monitoring capabilities through process data, flow meter, and sampling device displays
from each of the RTU locations. This control and instrumentation system will be housed
at the expanded laboratory and control facilities. The chlorine feed room, located at one
end of the existing lab building, will be renovated to serve as a maintenance garage for
repair work on equipment and storage.
SLUDGE DISPOSAL ALTERNATIVES AND MANAGEMENT PLAN
The final stages of wastewater treatment involve the discharge of the effluent into an
adjacent stream and the disposal of the residue of the treatment process known as sludge.
The EPA regulates the use and disposal of sewer sludge under its regulations entitled 40
CFR Part 503 (See Appendix A6). The regulations divide sewage sludge into two (2)
classes - Class A and Class B.
Classifications of sludge becomes important when reviewing various disposal methods.
Class A sludge is considered to be pathogen-free and must meet strict requirements as
outlined in Subpart D of the 40 CFR Part 503 Regulations. This classification is
associated with sludge that can be sold or given away in bags or other containers for
disposal on agricultural land, lawns, gardens, golf courses, etc.

A Class B sludge will contain some pathogens. Therefore, disposal methods associated
with this type of sludge will have restrictions relating to public access, live stock grazing,
and harvesting of crops. Sites common for the disposal of Class B sludge include forests,
agricultural land and reclamation sites. The following are sludge disposal alternatives
considered for the Town of Boone Wastewater Treatment Plant. Each method will
produce a Class B sludge as a minimum or a Class A sludge. In some cases, the
processes can produce both classes of sludge by modifying the treatment process.
1. Aerobic Digestion. Aerobic Digestion (see Figure VI-3a, Section XVII)
as the name implies requires oxygen to be fed to the micro organisms for proper chemical
oxidation. Aerobic digestion is listed as one of the Processes to Significantly Reduce
Pathogens (PSRPs) and is described in part by the Part 503 Regulations as:
Sewage sludge is agitated with air or oxygen to maintain aerobic conditions for a specific
mean cell residence time at a specific temperature. Values for the mean cell residence
time and temperature shall be between 40 days at 20°C (68°F) and 60 days at 15°C (59'
F).
Aerobic digestion can be carried out in an open or enclosed tank and in either a batch or
continuous mode. Often, aerobic digesters are enclosed in areas where the ambient
temperature will adversely affect the process. In the continuous mode, supernatant is not
removed. The volume of sewage sludge is greatly reduced in processes that involve
supernatant removal. In addition, the digesters can be continuously fed and the sewage
sludge removed in batches.
Aerobic digestion carried out in accordance with the Part 503 Regulations should yield
Class B sludge with the following characteristics:
• 90 percent find reduction in bacterial enviral pathogens.
Reduction in helminth ova - reduction is dependent on the hardiness of the
individual species
40 percent to 50 percent reduction in the volatile solids content - dependent on the
system conditions that are maintained.
Aerobic digestion requires relatively simple operation, low capital costs and produces a
relatively manageable product. Hindrances to this process include the high energy

consumption, lose efficiency in cold weather regions and difficulty to dewater the sludge
by mechanical means.
2. Lime Stabilization. The Part 503 Regulation PSRP description for
lime stabilization (See Figure VI-3d, Section XVII) is as follows:
Sufficient lime is added to the sewage sludge to raise the pH of the selvage sludge to 12
after 2 hours of contact.
Lime stabilization is relatively straightforward as the description indicates. The pH can
be increased by adding materials containing lime such as quick lime (CaO), hydrated lime
(Ca[OA]2) or lime containing kiln dust or fly ash. The entire lime stabilization process
rests on being able to maintain the pH level at 12 or higher to inactivate micro organisms
in the sludge. A 99 percent or more reduction in bacterial, enviral pathogens can be
obtained with this process.
Lime stabilization is easy to operate and has a low capital cost. Adding lime to the
sludge increases the volume to be removed by approximately two to three times the initial
volume. In addition, the process is chemical intensive and the final product can only be
discharged on acidic soils.
3. Heat Drying. Heating drying (see Figure VI-3e, Section XVII) is a
Process to Further Reduce Pathogens (PFRPs). The Part 503 Regulation PFRP
description of heat drying is as follows:
Sewage sludge is dried by direct or indirect contact with hot gasses to reduce the
moisture to 10 percent or lower. Either the temperature of the sewage sludge articles
exceeds 80'C (176'F) or the ivet bulb temperature of the gas in contact with the sewage
sludge as it leaves the dryer exceed 80'C (176°F).
During the heat drying process, heat is used to evaporate water from the sludge and
reduce the moisture content to levels that are below those attainable by mechanical
dewatering systems.
Thermal drying produces a Class A sludge that can be disposed of practically anywhere
from land fills to golf courses. It can be used as a fertilizer or a soil conditioner. One

particular advantage for the Boone site is the presence of an adjacent facility that can
potentially market the end product. This alternative includes high energy requirements
and high initial costs.
Heat Drying or Lime Stabilization will be used at the Boone WWTP produce a Class A
sludge.

BOONE WWTP JMN
SOUTH FORK NEW RIVER 7/13/95
050701
Facility requesting renewal of existing NPDES permit with modification for expansion
from 3.2 MGD.to 4.82 MGD. The new treatment plant will start construction in May
1996. Current limits are secondary with metals limits and monitoring requirements. The
New River has specific action for waters classified as ORW and the South
Fork New River is ORW downstream of the Boone discharge. The
management strategy for the South Fork New River and New River Basin
requires that for new or expanded NPDES discharges located upstream of
the designated ORW comply with the following limits of BODS = 5 mg/l
and NH3=2 mg/l. We will add winter limits of BODS = 10 mg/l and N113=4
mg/l, in addition to a DO limit of 5 mg/l, Cl limit of 28 µg/l, TSS limit of
10 mg/l.
Review of the metals limits and consultation with Bo McMinn of
Pretreatment:
The following metals will be monitored in the LTMP: Cadmium, Chromium, Copper,
Lead, Nickel,Zinc and Cyanide. The town has a metal finishing industry that has cyanide
in the effluent. Since the analysis indicates that a cyanide limit will be needed at the
expansion flow of 4.82 MGD, will leave Cyanide monitoring in the NPDES permit @ 3.2
MGD.
Per toxicity analysis will recommend limits and monitoring requirements @ 3.2
MGD:
Limts for lead, cadmium, and mercury, Effluent monitoring for copper,
zinc, lead, and silver and cyanide. Nickel and Chromium will be monitored
quarterly in the LTMP.
Limits and monitoring requirements @ 4.82 MGD:
Limts for lead, cadmium, cyanide, and mercury, Effluent monitoring for
copper, zinc, lead, and silver. Nickel and Chromium will be monitored
quarterly in the LTMP.

DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
April 25, 1995
MEMORANDUM
TO: Monica Swihart
FROM: JarLquelyn;I4I=No`w 11 f
Susan A./Wilsoo
THRU: Don Safes W ��y,
Coleen Sullins-*-
Ruth SwanekQt.S
SUBJECT: Town of Boone 201 Facilities Plan Update
Project Number 717
NPDES Permit No. NCO020621
Watauga County
The Technical Support Branch has reviewed the subject document and have no
additional comments on the plan. The 201 plan includes correspondence from the Division
where speculative limits for future expansions of the Boone WWTP have been addressed
through the New River Basin ORW Area management strategy. This strategy when
implemented states that effluent limits of BOD5 = 5 mg/I and NH3 =2 mg/1 will be applied
to all new and expanded dischargers upstream of ORW designated areas. The plan
includes improvements to the existing wastewater treatment in order to comply with the
more stringent limits.
The Technical Support Branch agrees that no environmentally sound, economically
feasible alternative, other than the discharge alternative, exists for this facility.
cc: Steve Mauney
Central Files
WLA File

AloTS Z GJCQs 4774cMm7b w
NPDES WASTE LOAD ALLOCATION
PERMIT NO.: -T
NCO020621 Modeler Date Rea #
PERMITTEE NAME: Town of Boone 2
FACILITY NAME:
Boone Wastewater Treatment Plant Drainage Area (mi ) 3z.7 Avg. Streamflow (cfs): 778
Facility Status: Existing 7Q10 (cfs) 13,/ Winter 7Q10 (cfs) /8,6 30Q2 (cfs) ZB,/
Permit Status: Renewal Toxicity Limits: IWC —7 % Acute hro O
Major Minor Instream Monitoring:
Pipe No.: 001 Parameters
Design Capacity: 3.2 MGD Upstream Location
Domestic (% of Flow): 95 % Downstream Location
Industrial (% of Flow): 5 %
Effluent Summer Winter
Comments: Characteristics
BOD5 (m ) 30
NH -N (mg/1)
RECEIVING STREAM:south Fork New River D.O. (mg/1) 4/
Class: C-Trout TSS (mg/1) 30
Sub-Basin: 05-07-01 F. Col. (/100 ml)
Zoo
Reference USGS Quad: C 12 NW Boone (please attach)
County: Watauga pH (SU) �'9
Regional Office: Winston-Salem Regional Office •
r Un9 l u /
Previous Exp. Date: 1 1/30/95 Treatment Plant Class: IV
Classification changes within three miles:
0,0 W9
' r ,
Requested by: Jeanette Powell Date: 06/27/95
Prepared by: r 1 Date: 8/2 95� Comments:
Reviewed/, : r ��P Date:4 _ �s
tok w

F BOONE W«'TP - NPDES PERT IIT NO, NCO020621
SLUDGE MANAGEMENT PLAN
The mixture of primary and secondary sludge drawn from the clarifiers and the filters
is treated aerobically in one of two digestors. The digested sludge is then placed on covered
drying beds where it is dewatered.
Sludge is removed from the digesters, transported and applied to the Ore Mine Knob property.
Special Order By Consent: Due to inadequate air supply, sludge build up in digesters
has caused backups of solids. iTfie Town is-currently-under a SOC which allows the relaxation
of r onthly limitations on BOD5 and TSS_front 30,mg/1 to 45-mg/1 to assist Town in achieving
compliance- tlirough_modifications to the digesters' These.-modifications began- in. October;
1994,-are'were completed in April 1995. Compliance with final effluent limitations is required.'
Cby August-1995.
UPGRADE OF EXISTING FACILITIES
Process Description: Extended aeration oxidaton ditches followed by secondary clarification
and tertiary filtration.
a. Influent Headtvorks Area: The existing influent lines will be diverted
through an existing junction box and into a dual channel influent bar screening process. One
channel will be equipped with a mechanical bar screen. It is anticipated that the mechanical
screen, with openings no greater than 1/2-inch, will be a grate type mechanism and will travel
on a guide rail assembly with no wetted parts coming in contact with the wastewater. The
alternate, or bypass, channel will be equipped with a manual bar screen, probably aluminum
or stainless steel, with openings no greater than 1-inch. In the event that the mechanical bar
screen will need to be taken out of service, the influent flow can be diverted to the bypass
manual bar screen channel through the manual operation of slide gates.

Immediately following influent screening, the flow will be directed through a parshall flume
equipped with an ultrasonic flow meter. The flow meter will provide the necessary influent
flow measurement and provide a direct read signal to the main computer control system. Two
manually operated slide gates will follow the parshall flume and will be used direct the
measured flow to the Influent Pumping Station.
The existing influent dual comminutors and detriting screening equipment will be removed
from the existing structures and these structures will be abandoned in place. The structures
will either be covered or protected by some other means to prevent the likelihood of accidents.
The existing junction boxes and piping will be left in place to allow the Operator the ability to
manually bypass either process if necessary through the manipulation of hand-wheel operated
slide gates. The junction box structures will be reconditioned and the existing slide gates
repaired or replaced as necessary.
b. Influent Wastewater Pumping Station: The existing Influent Pump
Station will be upgraded to obtain the necessary pumping capacity for an average daily flow of
5 mgd and a peak flow of 12.5 mgd through the Boone Wastewater Treatment Facility. This
upgrade will include the installation of new pumps, modifications to increase the wet well
capacity, and improvements to the existing hoist system to accommodate the larger pumps.
There will be four influent pumps, possibly submersible, in the 70 to 100 hp range. Three of
the pumps will be in service at all times, one will be in reserve to be used as a backup for
reserve capacity. The pumps will be rotated into service to ensure equal wear on parts. The
existing wet well structure may be modified to increase the wet well capacity and allow for a
conversion of the wet pit/dry pit pumping operation to a submersible pumping system. The
existing hoist and trolley system will be improved to afford the Operator the ability to easily
remove the influent wastewater pumps and trolley them out of the station through the existing
double door entrance way if needed.

C. Aerated Grit and Grease Removal Unit: The influent wastewater flow is
pumped from the Influent Pump Station to the Aerated Grit and Grease Removal Unit which is
located immediately prior to the Influent Splitter Box. The unit will be of a design that will
induce a lateral roll of the wastewater allowing the heavier grit particles to drop to the bottom
of the grit chamber. The grit particles are then suctioned out by a traveling pump and
transferred to a grit hopper for disposal. Adjacent to the aerated grit chamber will be a grease
removal chamber where grease balls and other surfactants will be floated to the top for
removal by a skimming device. These are pushed to one end of the grease unit for withdrawal
by hoist and bucket system.
d. Influent Splitter Box: The existing Influent Splitter Box which is
located at the influent to the existing Primary Clarifiers will control the flow through the
operation of hand-wheel operated slide gates to either or both of the clarifiers. Modifications
to the existing influent Splitter box will include the installation of an overflow weir to allow
flow to be diverted to the equalization process train. Other improvements will likely include
the modification to the levels of the existing weirs.
e. Oxidation Ditches: Two parallel oxidation ditches will be constructed
for biological wastewater treatment. Aeration will be provided by diffused air blowers or
surface aerators.
f. Final Circular Clarifiers: Following the solids contact aeration basin,
the flow will be diverted to a splitter box where the flow is equally divided to each of two
circular secondary, or final, clarifiers. The clarifiers are cylindrical tanks. 85 feet to 90 feet
in diameter and approximately 14 feet deep, with slightly sloping bottoms where the settling of
suspended solids is allowed to take place. Each clarifier is equipped with radial rakes that
rotate continuously, removing settled solids from the bottom of the tank by means of rapid
withdrawal suction piping as well as a center sludge pocket, from which the sludge is
withdrawn to the Sludge Return Pump Station and eventually returned to the Solids Contact
Aeration Basin. A full surface skimming device is also provided to remove floating scum, oil,

or floating solids periodically from the surface. The clarified effluent liquid flows radially
outward to a weir where it overflows to a launder to exit the unit and continue downstream to
a distribution box before continuing to the other process units.
g. Sludge Return Pump Station: The sludge withdrawn from the final
clarifiers is conveyed to the wet well of the Sludge Return Pump Station. The pump station
will house 3 to 4 solids handling pumps in the 60 to 80 hp range whose intende6 purpose is to
return the sludge to the solids contact aeration basin in order to maintain a return activated
sludge process loop within the treatment process. In addition to the ability to return sludge, a
system of piping will be designed that will serve to periodically waste the sludge directly to the
residuals handling process train when the mixed liquid suspended solids concentration builds to
undesirable levels in the solids contact aeration basin, bypassing the tertiary filtration basin.
h. Deep Bed Tertiary Filtration: The clarified effluent from the circular
clarifiers leaves the distribution box and travels by gravity line to a 4 zone deep bed sand filter
basin called the Tertiary Filtration Basin. In this basin, the clarified effluent will be
distributed onto a two stage granular filter media. As the liquid is filtered down through the
media, any residual solids are trapped in the granular substance. The system is designed on a
rotation basis to allow air and water backwash of one of the four zones while the other three
zones are used for the filtration process. This will afford the Operator the opportunity to air
scour and water wash the filter media in all the four zones periodically to maintain an efficient
filtration process. The filtered liquid is drawn off through an underdrain system and collected
in a temporary holding basin. The backwash liquid is drawn from this basin. After the
backwash is completed the liquid is siphoned off and returned to the influent pump station
where it is reintroduced into the treatment process.
i. Ultraviolet Disinfection: Following filtration the clarified wastewater is
directed through a channel containing banks of horizontal ultraviolet bulbs. The ultraviolet .
light provides for fecal kill and disinfection of the clarified effluent without the addition of
toxic chemicals or gases. The Ultraviolet Disinfection unit will be designed with 100%

standby capacity to satisfy the reliability clause of the State regulations (ref. NCAC .0200,
Appendix A5). Flow level within the UV disinfection unit will be maintained by a pivotal
counter balance weir mechanism at the exit end of the UV chamber.
j. Connection to Existing Discharge Piping System: The disinfected
effluent will leave the UV disinfection unit and exit the plant by way of the cascade aerator
through existing piping. The effluent will be re-aerated by flowing over the existing cascade
aerator and then pass-through an effluent parshall flume equipped with an ultrasonic flow
meter. The treated effluent will continue on to be discharged to the South Fork of the New
River at the existing discharge point. '
k. Equalization: The equalization process will begin with an overflow weir
placed at the influent splitter box prior to the primary clarifiers and the necessary piping to
convey the excess water to the existing primary and secondary clarifiers. The chain and
scrapper mechanism and all sprockets and cog wheel assemblies will be removed from the
existing clarifiers and the basins retrofitted with coarse bubble diffused aeration systems.
During the equalization time period, the aeration systems will serve to keep the equalized
untreated wastewater "fresh". The two (2) existing primary clarifiers will be renamed as
Equalization Zones 1 and 2 and the two (2) existing secondary clarifiers will be renamed as
Equalization Zones 3 and 4. Each of the primary clarifier basins will be capable of
accomodating approximately 210,000 gallons of excess flow and the secondary clarifier basins
will be capable of accommodating approximately 185,000 gallons of excess flow for a total
equalization capacity of approximately 790,000 gallons.
All equalization flow will initially be directed into Zone I directly from the influent splitter
box. When the basin reaches a certain capacity or if the basin must be taken out of service for
any reason the flow can be diverted to the Zone 2 basin through the manual operation of the
slide gates located at the influent to the basins. A drain system will be installed from the low
end of each basin into an existing 8" drain system and returned to the influent junction box at

the headworks of the plant. This drain system will allow the removal of equalized flow at a
measured rate which the influent headworks of the plant can accommodate.
1. Residuals Handling Process Train: The waste activated sludge will be
pumped from the Sludge Return Pump Station to the existing Aerobic Digesters. The
digesters, which are equipped with rotary positive displacement blowers and a coarse bubble
diffused aeration system, will equalize, digest, and store the sludge prior to the Gravity Belt
Thickener. The gravity thickener will take the sludge from 1.25 percent solids concentration
to 10 - 12 percent solids prior to the Air Dryer System, which will remove the water content
to provide for 90 percent solids. This will produce a Class A product. The solids will be
stored in silos adjacent to the drying facility. The dry solids will be periodically removed
from the site and disposed of in compliance of 503 regulations.
M. Upgrade to Laboratory and Control Facilities: The existing laboratory
and control building will be renovated to provide additional laboratory space, a
Superintendent's office, and a lab/computer control assistance office. All process data will be
received on a central computer unit from the remote terminal units (RTU's) located at all the
major process equipment throughout the plant. This will allow direct monitoring capabilities
through process data, flow meter, and sampling device displays from each of the RTU
locations. This control and instrumentation system will be housed at the expanded laboratory
and control facilities. The chlorine feed room, located at one end of the existing lab building,
will be renovated to serve as a maintenance garage for repair work on equipment and storage.
SLUDGE DISPOSAL ALTERNATIVES
The final stages of wastewater treatment involve the discharge of the effluent into an adjacent
stream and the disposal of the residue of the treatment process known as sludge. The EPA
regulates the use and disposal of sewer sludge under its regulations entitled 40 CFR Part 503.
The regulations divide sewage sludge into two (2) classes - Class A and Class B.

Classifications of sludge becomes important when reviewing various disposal methods. Class
A sludge is considered to be pathogen-free and must meet strict requirements as outlined in
Subpart D of the 40 CFR Part 503 Regulations. This classification is associated with sludge
that can be sold or given away in bags or other containers for disposal on agricultural land,
lawns, gardens, golf courses, etc.
A Class B sludge will contain some pathogens. Therefore, disposal methods associated with
this type of sludge will have restrictions relating to public access, live stock grazing, and
harvesting of crops. Sites common for the disposal of Class B sludge include forests,
agricultural land and reclamation sites. The following are sludge disposal alternatives
considered for the Town of Boone Wastewater Treatment Plant. Each method will produce a
Class B sludge as a minimum or a Class A sludge. In some cases, the processes can produce
both classes of sludge by modifying the treatment process.
1. Aerobic Digestion: Aerobic Digestion as the name implies requires oxygen to
be fed to the micro organisms for proper chemical oxidation. Aerobic digestion is listed as
one of the Processes to Significantly Reduce Pathogens (PSRPs) and is described in part by the
Part 503 Regulations as:
Sewage sludge is agitated with air or oxygen to maintain aerobic conditions for a specific
mean cell residence time at a specific temperature. Values for the mean cell residence time
and temperature shall be between 40 days at 200 C (680 F) and 60 days at 150 C (591 F).
Aerobic digestion can be carried out in an open or enclosed tank and in either a batch or
continuous mode. Often, aerobic digesters are enclosed in areas where the ambient
temperature will adversely affect the process. In the continuous mode, supernatant is not
removed or removed. The volume of sewage sludge is greatly reduced in processes that
involve supernatant removal. In addition, the digesters can be continuously fed and the
sewage sludge removed in batches.

Aerobic digestion carried out in accordance with the Part 503 Regulations should yield Class B
sludge with the following characteristics:
• 90 percent find reduction in bacterial enviral pathogens.
• Reduction in helminth ova - reduction is dependent on the hardiness of the individual
species
• 40 percent to 50 percent reduction in the volatile solids content - dependent on the system
conditions that are maintained.
Aerobic digestion requires relatively simple operation, low capital costs and produces a
relatively manageable product. Hinderances to this process include the high energy
consumption, low efficiency in cold weather regions and difficulty to dewater the sludge by
mechanical means.
2. Lime Stabilization: The Part 503 Regulation PSRP description for lime
stabilization is as follows:
Sufficient lime is added to the selvage sludge to raise the pH of the sewage sludge to 12 after 2
hours of contact.
Lime stabilization is relatively straightforward as the description indicates. The pH can be
increased by adding materials containing lime such as quick lime (CaO), hydrated lime
(Ca[OA]2) or lime containing kiln dust or fly ash. The entire lime stabilization process rests
on being able to maintain the pH level at 12 or higher to inactivate micro organisms in the
sludge. A 99 percent or more reduction in bacterial, enviral pathogens can be obtained with
this process.
Lime stabilization is easy to operate and has a low capital cost. Adding lime to the sludge
increases the volume to be removed by approximately two to three times the initial volume. In

addition, the process is chemical intensive and the final product can only be discharged on
acidic soils.
3. Heat Drying: Heating drying is a Process to Further Reduce Pathogens
(PFRPs). The Part 503 Regulation PFRP description of heat drying is as follows:
Sewage sludge is dried by direct or indirect contact with hot gasses to reduce the moisture to
10 percent or lower. Wither the temperature of the sewage sludge articles exceeds 800 C (1760
F) or the wet bulb temperature of the gas in contact with the sewage sludge as it leaves the
dryer exceed 800 C (1760 F).
During the heat drying process, heat is used to evaporate water from the sludge and reduce the
moisture content to levels that are below those attainable by mechanical dewatering systems.
Thermal drying produces a Class A sludge that can be disposed of practically anywhere from
land fills to golf courses. It can be used as a fertilizer or a soil conditioner. One particular
advantage for the Boone site is the presence of an adjacent facility that can potentially market
the end product. This advantage includes high energy requirements and high initial costs.

Y .
FACT SHEET FOR WASTELOAD ALLOCATION
Request# 8317
Facility Name: BOONE W WTP F r CIE—!V E D
NPDES No.: NCO020621 R.C. •'_7 PLL Oi %=s iNR
Type of Waste: 95%DOMESTIC/5% INDUSTRIAL
Facility Status: Existing AUG
Permit Status: Renewal
Receiving Stream: SOUTH FORK NEW RIVER `It'l i"`; iC+i1 2;:"1
Stream Classification: C-TROUT
Subbasin: 050701 RegiOnai 0ffI
County: WATAUGA Stream Characteristic:
Regional Office: WSRO USGS # Updated per USG; .
Low Flow Report
Requestor: POWELL Date: 7/20/95
Date of Request: 6/27/95 Drainage Area(mi2): 32.7
Topo Quad: C12NW Summer 7Q10 (cfs): 13.1
Winter 7Q10(cfs): 18.6
Average Flow (cfs): 77.8
30Q2 (cfs): 28.1
IWC(%): 27
Wasteload Allocation Summary
(approach taken, correspondence with region, EPA, etc.)
Facility is requesting renewal of NPDES permit @ 3.2 MGD and expansion to 4.82 MGD.
Renewal of existing limits for 3.2 MGD with some modifications of metals limits: per expansion to
4.82 MGD, the New River Management Strategy for expanding dischargers above ORW river
segments will be applied. Tertiary limits of 5/2/5 and 10/4/5 will be applied It should be noted
that evaluation of stream flow using USGS Low Flow Report, has flows revised downward and
will effect whole effluent toxicity limit.
Special Schedule Requirements and additional comments from Reviewers:
kif�uQ•
Recommended.by: °1 Date: 7/27/95_
Reviewed by vo"A
/Instream AssessmentDate: 5
Regional Supervisor: Date:
i
Permits&Engineering: vt� Date: g 1 7
RETURN TO TECHNICAL SERVICES BY: AI Il; 2 9 M5

2
CONVENTIONAL PARAMETERS
Existing_Limits:
Monthly Average
Summer Winter
Wasteflow (MGD): 3.2
BODS (mg/1): 30
NH3N(mg/l): monitor
DO(mg/1): nr
TSS (mg/1): 30
Fecal Col. (1100 ml): 200
pH (SU): 6-9
Residual Chlorine (µg/1): monitor
TP(mg/1): Qrtrly
monitoring
TN(mid): Qrtrly
monitoring
Recommended Limits:
Monthly Average
Summer Winter WQ or EL
Wasteflow (MGD): 3.2
BODS (mg/1): 30
NH3N (mg/1): monitor
DO(mg/1): nr
TSS (mg/1): 30
Fecal Col. (/100 ml): 200
pH (SU): 6-9
Residual Chlorine (jig/1): monitor
TP(mg/1): Qrtrly
monitoring
TN(mg/1): Qrtrly
monitoring
Limits Changes Due To: Parameter(s) Affected
Change in 7Q10 data
Change in stream classification
Relocation of discharge
Change in wasteflow
Other(onsite toxicity study,interaction,etc.)
Instream data
New regulations/standards/procedures
New facility information
(explanation of any modifications to past modeling analysis including new flows,rates, field data,
interacting discharges)
(See page 4 for miscellaneous and special conditions,if applicable)

3
TOXICS/METALS
Type of Toxicity Test: Chronic Ceriodaphnia P/F
Existing Limit: 27%
Recommended Limit: 27%
Monitoring Schedule: MAR JUN SEP DEC
Existine Limits
Daily Max.
Cadmium(ugA): 7
Chromium(ugh): monitor
Copper(ug/1): monitor
Nickel (ugA): 320
Lead(ugA): 91
Zinc (ug/1): monitor
Cyanide(ug/1): 18
Iron (mgA): monitor
Mercury (ugA): 0.04
Silver(ug/1): monitor
Recommended Limits
Daily Max. WQ or EL
Cadmium(ug/1): 1.5 WQ
Copper (ug/1): monitor
Lead(ug/1): 91 WQ
Zinc (ugh): monitor
Cyanide(ug/1): monitor
Iron (mg(l): monitor
Mercury(ugA): 0.04 WQ
Silver(ug/1): monitor
Limits Changes Due To: Parameter(s) Affected
Change in 7Q10 data
Change in stream classification �p�( c d I✓ ux� S5 Gov Cd
Relocation of discharge
Change in wasteflow
New pretreatment information
Failing toxicity test
Other(onsite toxicity study,interaction,etc.) Ni, Cirmonitored in LTMP
_X_ Parameter(s) are water quality limited. For some parameters, the available load capacity of
the immediate receiving water will be consumed. This may affect future water quality based
effluent limitations for additional dischargers within this portion of the watershed.
OR
No parameters are water quality limited, but this discharge may affect future allocations.

4
INSTREAM MONITORING REQUIREMENTS
Upstream Location:
Downstream Location:
Parameters:
Special instream monitoring locations or monitoring frequencies:
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION& SPECIAL CONDITIONS
Adcguacy of Existing Treatment
Has the facility demonstrated the ability to meet the proposed new limits with existing treatment
facilities? Yes-) No
If no, which parameters cannot be met?
Would a"phasing in" of the new limits be appropriate? Yes_ No�
If yes, please provide a schedule (and basis for that schedule) with the regional
office recommendations: �"
V1W- quut,(d kt ah& -It me a Ilsat,t, s
If no, why not?
Special Instructions or Conditions
i
Wasteload sent to EPA? (Major) (Y or N)
(If yes, then attach schematic, toxics spreadsheet, copy of model,or, if not modeled, then old
assumptions that were made, and description of how it fits into basinwide plan)
Additional Information attached? (Y or N) If yes,explain with attachments.

Facility Name BooneWWTP Permit# NC0020621_Pipe#001
CHRONIC TOXICITY PASS/FAIL, PERMIT LIMIT (QRTRLY)
The effluent discharge shall at no time exhibit chronic toxicity using test procedures outlined in: .
1.) The North Carolina Ceriodaphnia chronic effluent bioassay procedure (North Carolina Chronic Bioassay
Procedure - Revised *September 1989) or subsequent versions.
The effluent concentration at which there may be no observable inhibition of reproduction or significant mortality
is_27_% (defined as treatment two in the North Carolina procedure document). The permit holder shall
perform auarterty monitoring using this procedure to establish compliance with the pemut condition. The first
test will be performed after thirty days from the effective date of this permit during the months of
_MAR JUN SEP DEC Effluent sampling for this testing shall be performed at the NPDES
permitted final effluent discharge below all treatment processes.
All toxicity testing results required as part of this permit condition will be entered on the Effluent Discharge
Monitoring Form(MR-1) for the month in which it was performed,using the parameter code TGP3B.
Additionally,DEM Form AT-1 (original)is to be sent to the following address:
Attention: Environmental Sciences Branch
North Carolina Division of
Environmental Management
4401 Reedy Creek Road
Raleigh, N.C. 27607
Test data shall be complete and accurate and include all supporting chemical/physical measurements performed in
association with the toxicity tests, as well as all dose/response data. Total residual chlorine of the effluent toxicity
sample must be measured and reported if chlorine is employed for disinfection of the waste stream.
Should any single quarterly monitoring indicate a failure to meet specified limits, then monthly monitoring will
begin immediately until such time that a single test is passed. Upon passing,this monthly test requirement will
revert to quarterly in the months specified above.
Should any test data from this monitoring requirement or tests performed by the North Carolina Division of
Environmental Management indicate potential impacts to the receiving stream,this permit may be re-opened and
modified to include alternate monitoring requirements or limits.
NOTE: Failure to achieve test conditions as specified in the cited document, such as minimum control organism
survival and appropriate environmental controls, shall constitute an invalid test and will require immediate
retesting(within 30 days of initial monitoring event). Failure to submit suitable test results will constitute
noncompliance with monitoring requirements.
7Q10 13.1 cfs
Permitted Flow 3.2 _ MGD R ommended by:
IWC 27 %
Basin & Sub-basin NEW01
Receiving Stream South Fork New River (/
County Watauga ate 7R0/95
7/zyl9s
QCL PlF Version 9191

TOXICANT ANALYSIS
Facility Name BOONE WWTP
NPDES# NCO020621 '
Ow(MGP) 3.21
7Q 10s(c/s) 13.11
IWC % 27.461
.............................................
Rec'ving Stream SOUTH FORK NEW R. I
Stream Class C
FINAL RESULTS
CR i ?>
Max. Pred Cw 130!;ugA )
Allowable Cw 182.1':ugA (fit Pa/
Max. Value 25i
CU y
Max. Prod Cw 180.4':ugA
Allowable Cw 25.5iugA
Max.Value 821
FE
Max. Pred Cw 42Wug/I M,,Ji�w
Allowable Cw 364 1.1 iug/1
Max. Value 2000
PB
Max. Pred Cw 1441ug/I ,
Allowable Cw 91.0iugA
Max. Value 40 yi
N I
Max. Prod Cw 5501ug4
Allowable Cw 320.41ug/l ✓
Max. Value 20••
ZN
Max. Pred Cw 884iuEOMil "
Allowable Cw 182.1 ugA
Max.Value 260':
CD
Max. Pred Cw 16.8;ugA
Allowable Cw !•S ugA
Max.Value 4':
AG
Max. Pred Cw 102.5ugA W1��
Allowable Cw 0.2':ugA /
Max.Value 25
HG.J i
Max. Prod Cw 56.8'ugA M
Allowable Cw o.oM'I 0.0iugA
Max.Value 8;
CN
Max. Pred Cw 11.4iugA t id-'
Allowable Cw 18.21ugA
Max.Value 6;
7/12/95 PAGE 1

Facility: boons wwtp
NPDES#:
Receiving Stream: if new river Co)ORW class/
Comment(s):
gage number not available
Low Flow Record Station Number: 00.3161.0000
Hydrologic Area Number: HA10
Drainage Area Low Flow Record Station: 205.00 miles squared
Gave Low Fbw Record Station: 430.50 cis
s7Q10 Low Flow Record Station: 106.00 cfs
w7Q10 Low Flow Record Station: 13200 cfs
3DQ2 Low Flow Record Station: 190.00 cis
MUST be�400 5q.Mlles
Drainage Area New Site: i 232.00 sq.miles/
MAR New She: 1.8 cfs/miles squared
Qave per Report Equation: 418 cis
s7Q10 per Report Equation: 68.75 cis
w7010 per Report Equation: 99.07 cis
3002 per Report Equation: 143.65 cis
Continue
Drainage Area Ratio: 1.13 :1
I new DA/Da at gage] Continue
Weighted Ratio: 0.96:1
Over-ride Inappropriate Site (y):
Drainage Area New Site: ;232A0 miles squared
MAR New She: 1.8 cfs/miles squared
Weighted Qave per Report Equation: /418 cfs!
Weighted s7010 per Report Equation: t 117.71 cis
Weighted w7Q10 per Report Equation: f147.18 cis'
Weighted 3002 per Report Equation: (211;89 cfs?

TOXICANT ANALYSIS
Facility Name BOONE WWTP
NPDES# NCO020621
Ow MGD 3.2
7010s cfs ......................................118
IWC o 4.03
Rec'ving Stream SOUTH FORK NEW R.
Stream Class C
._.._.._.._.._.._.._.._.._.. .._.._.FINAL RESULTS AIIA-alll 8�i
CR
Max. Pred Cw 130 u A
Allowable Cw 619.8 u A
Max. Value 25
CU
Max. Pred Cw 180.4 u A
Allowable Cw 86.8 u A Z s.
Max. Value 82
FE
Max. Pred Cw 4200 u A
Allowable Cw 12395.2 u A 3`4/,/
Max. Value 2000
PB
Max. Prod Cw 144 u A
Allowable Cw 309.9 u A - 91
Max. Value 40
NI
Max. Pred Cw 50 u /l
Allowable Cw 1090.8 u A 3z0
Max. Value 20
ZN
Max. Pred Cw 884 uaA
Allowable Cw 619.8 u /l /$Z
Max. Value 260
CD
Max. Pred Cw 16.8 u A
Allowable Cw, 5.0 u A 1-3
Max. Value 4
AG
Max. Pred Cw 102.5 u A
Allowable Cw 0.7 u A Z
Max. Value 25
HG
Max. Pred Cw 56.8 u A
Allowable Cw 4.3,!5� 0.0 u A 6. u77
Max. Value 8
CN
Max. Pred Cw 11.4 u A
Allowable Cw 62.0 u A /6 2
Max. Value 6
7/27/95 PAGE '

'! RECEIVE®
' cc : Permits and Engineering �AUG 1 1994
Technical Support Branch
County Health Department
Central Files TECHN11Ui1. 50PPOR'i BRANCH
WSRO }
SOC PRIORITY PROJECT:_.-YES., X NO _
q
IF Yes, SOC No. : EMC WQ 94-08
(Sent to Boone for signature on
July 19 , 1994)
To: Permits and Engineering Unit
Water Quality Section
Attention: (Jay B. Lucas)
AUTHORIZATION TO CONSTRUCT
NPDES PERMIT REPORT AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Date: July 28, 1994
County: Watauga ,
Permit No. NCO020621
PART I GENERAL INFORMATION
1 . Facility Name and Current Address : Town of Boone WWTP
PO Drawer 192
Boone, NC 28607
2 . Date of most recent NPDES Staff Report: February 26 , 1992
3 . Changes since previous action on NPDES Permit: None known
4 . Verify Discharge Point(s) on plans with current NPDES Permit.
List for all discharge points.
Latitude: 36012 ' 54" Longitude: 81138 ' 10"
Attached is a USGS map extract with discharge point on map.
U. S .G. S . Quad No. C-12NW U. S.G.S. Name Boone
5 . Treatment plant classification: Class IV
PART II - DESCRIPTION OF DISCHARGE AND TREATMENT WORKS
1 . Existing treatment facility:
a. What is the current permitted capacity of the facility?
3 .2 MGD

b. Date(s) and construction activities allowed by previous
Authorizations to Construct issued in the previous two
( 2 ) years : NONE
c : What is the actual treatment capacity of the current
facility (design volume) ? 3 . 2 MGD based on past permits
d. Please provide a description of existing or substantially
constructed wastewater treatment facilities : Manual bar
screen/comminution, influent lift station, dual primary
clarifiers, dual trickling filters, recirculation lift
station, dual secondary clarifiers, chlorination,
chlorine contact chamber, and dechlorination.
Sludge handling facilities consisting of dual
aerobic digesters, drying beds, and covered storage area.
2 . Please provide a description of proposed wastewater treatment
facilities : Replacement of existing jet aeration system in
aerobic digesters with a new stainless steel course bubble
diffused aeration system. Also, addition of floating
decanters in digesters .
3 . Residuals handling and utilization/disposal scheme: Aerobic
digestion followed by land application. WQ0005757
4 . Important SOC, JOC or Compliance Schedule dates : Draft SOC
Date
Submission of Plans and Specifications 07-01-94 (rcvd 6-21-94 )
Begin Construction 10-30-94
Complete Construction 04-30-95
PART III - EVALUATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Generally, this plan appears well thought out and acceptable.
Boone obviously needs to improve solids handling at its wastewater
treatment plant.
Some concerns were noted and discussed with Steve Cavanaugh.
Steve provided a written summation which I am attaching in lieu of
listing the items .
This office does not object to the issuance of an A to C for
this project.
Signature of teport preparer Date
4.FQatera—Quality �3ypervisor Date

JUL-L(-U4 WLU 14;JL HUCt15, U'UHUKUH & HSSUU, MA NU UIU[by(5yU P. 0z-
t
Record of Discussion
Project: Town of Boone WWTP Digester Modifications JN: BN9408
Participants:
Lee Spencer of -W5 Office. DFM
Phone: [phone] _
Steve Cavanaugh_ Jr.. P.E. of Hobbs. Upchurch & Associates. P.A.
Date: 7/26194
Time: 11 :20 A.M.
RE: Authorization to Construct
1. I spoke with Mr. Lee Spencer at approximately 9:30 a,m, today regarding the final
approval of the Authorization to Construct for the above referenced project. In this
discussion Mr. Spencer brought up several points that needed clarification pursuant to his
review of the Plans and Specifications.
• Mr. Spencer indicated that it was a preference to construct a roof over the blowers to
provide some protection from sunlight and rainfall for long term operation and
maintenance concerns. I indicated to Mr. Spencer that these were outdoor duty blowers
and that. we had personally designed blowers for outdoor use as well as observed several
blower sets that have been in operation since the early 80's that are performing well. I
concurred that maintenance will be more of an item that needs careful attention than if the
blowers were housed in a building.
• The decanter rest support detail shown on Sheet S-5 does not indicate lateral bracing. I
indicated to Mr. Spencer that the Specifications assured that the system was to be rigid and
sound and that if a lateral support was required, it would be provided.
• Mr. Spencer inquired as to the review of the air filter inlet area. I indicated that the
blower manufacturer's had reviewed the area and assisted in the recommendations for the
sizing of the filter inlet area.
• Mr. Spencer questioned the accessibility of changing the inlet filters. I indicated that the
preferred arrangement would have been for a laterally placed inlet filter and discharge
silencer however, based on the size of this blower, it was necessary to build these in a
vertical manner. I indicated that by having designed in 100% spare capacity that one (1) of
the blowers could be taken off-line, independent of proper operation of the other blowers.
• Mr. Spencer required that T provide calculations for the oxygen requirements for the
digesters. I indicated I would forward these to him.
• The potential of separation of air piping was addressed by Mr. Spencer. He indicated that
some of the plants he has visited have had problems with air piping separation and leaks.
Hobbs, Upchurch &Associates, P.A. [phone]
Consuhing Engineers FAX [phone]

UUL-�(-y4 wr.0 14;JZ nUUOn , UrUnUKUn & HZ)ODU, r11A 11U. UJU(5UMU r, UID
He also indicated that the City of Winston Salem is utilizing a restrained joint type of
system to eleviate this problem. I indicated to Mr. Spencer that the pressures and flow
rates that had been selected for these facilities are in keeping with the pressure ratings and
fastening system associated with the type of pipe that is called for. We are utilizing a
stainless steel piping system for the air pipe.
• Mr_ Spencer indicated the potential of cost savings by eliminating four (4) 900 bends on
the air piping as it enters into each digester. He questioned the potential of possibly raising
the air piping up and going straight over the wall and into the digester. I indicated to Mr.
Spencer that 1 would evaluate this and it appeared on the surface to be a good suggestion.
• Mr. Spencer questioned if the blowers would be equipped with run time meters. 1
researched the Specifications and indicated that if they were not clearly specified in the
Specifications at this time that they would appropriately be added so that they would be
placed on the job.
• Mr. Spencer questioned the potential of the aerobic digesters to be operated in a series
mode. I indicated that series operation would be possible by closing the two (2) discharge
plug valves downstream of the new sludge transfer pump and allow an isolation and series
operation.
In closing, Mr, Spencer indicated that these did not appear to be major changes to the project
and he would.be calling Mr. Jay Lucas to discuss these items pursuant to a final approval of
the Authorization to Construct. He indicated that he was very interested in seeing this project
move forward and the Town of Boone gaining a better handle on their solids management
program.
Submitted by,
M. Steve Cavanaugh, Jr., P.E.
Project Manager
cc: Mr. Lee Spencer, Winston Salem DEM
Hobbs, Upchurch &Associates, P.A. (9101 769-3009
Consulting Engineers FAX 191o) 759.7590

NPDES WASTE LOAD ALLOCATION
NCO020621 Modeler Date Rec. #
PERMIT NO.: _
Town of Boone 93
PERMITTEE NAME: 2
FACILITY NAME: Boone Wastewater Treatment Plant Drainage Area(mi ) 3.2. 7 Avg. Streamflow (cfs): :S/
Facility Status: Existing 7Q10 (cfs) 7 a" Winter 7QI0 (cfs) /�- 30Q2 (cfs)
Permit Status: Renewal Toxicity Limits: IWC % Acu hronic
Major Minor Instream Monitoring:
Pipe No.: 001 Parameters
Design Capacity: 4.82 MGD Upstream Location
Domestic (% of Flow): 95 % Downstream Location
Industrial (% of Flow): 5 %
Effluent Summer Winter
Comments: Characteristics
BOD5 (mg/1) 5 /0
NH3-N (mg/1) Z `f
5�
RECEIVING STREAMaooth Fork New River D.O. (mg/1) S
Class: C-Trout TSS (mg/1) /0 /0
Sub-Basin: 05-07-01 F. Col. (/100 ml) Z00
Zoo
Reference USGS Quad: C 12 NW Boone (please attach) H SU
County: Watauga P ( ) 6 - `'9
Regional Office: Winston-Salem Regional Office � � Z$ u �Q L8 u
Previous Exp. Date: 1 1/30/95 Treatment Plant Class: IV (ud/ 0. 9
Classification changes within three miles: �-� <u S
Cud
Requested by: Jeanette Powell <zKe Date: 06/27/95
Prepared by: a /mil. _ Date: Comments:
Reviewed b / Cp/Jv Da u�
33 w �S�

Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A.
Consulting Engineers
7990-50 North Point Boulevard, Suite 202 • Winston-Salem, NC 27106
May 30, 1995
Mr. David A. Goodrich u
DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT/WQ SECTION
r
Permits and Engineering Unit
P O Box 29535rM
Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 �<
- n
Re: Request for Renewal with Major Modifications c
NPDES Permit No. NC0020621 - Boone WWTP —
HUA No. BN9502
Dear Mr. Goodrich:
This letter serves as a request for renewal of the above mentioned NPDES Permit.
Enclosed are three (3) copies of the permit application, three (3) copies of this letter
and a check for $400.00 to cover the application fee. Please process this application at
your earliest convenience.
The major modifications requested in this permit application refer to a new treatment
plant to be built with construction beginning approximately May 1996. The design of
this plant is not complete, however the treatment system will consist of oxidation
ditches, clarifiers, tertiary filtration and new sludge handling facilities. The new plant
will also contain UV disinfection, aerobic digestion and will be designed to treat 4.82
mad. The new plant will be located at the existing wastewater treatment facility in
Boone and its anticipated completion is November, 1997. A Special Order by Consent
Amendment is beina requested for the facility to cover the interim construction period.
That Amendment request is expected to be submitted next week. A detailed description
of the design of the new plant is included with this application.
Please call me at [phone] if further information is required, or if you have any
questions. Thank you for your assistance in this matter.
Sincerely,
HOBBS, UPCHURCH & ASSOCIATES, P.A.
Kenneth P. Keel, E.I.T.
KPK/bpr
Winston-Salem, NC Telephone [phone] Fax [phone]
Southern Pines,NC Telephone [phone] Fax [phone]
Myrtle Beach, SC Telephone [phone] Fax [phone]

• o
STANDARD FORM A - MUNICIPAL
SECTION IV. INDUSTRIAL WASTE CONTRIBUTION TO MUNICIPAL SYSTEM
Submit a descripton of each major industrial fad!iy d'Ls ha ing to the munid:zl system,using a separate Section IV for each
fadity description. Indcale the 4 digit Standa,�Industial lassificaton(SIC}Co;e for the industry,the major product or raw
nnztenal,the P.ow(in Cio-.:sand cal'ons per day), m a.,d the chara-erLstics of the w2s'=h3'er dis,;ha;+?d fro the ndust al faciliy,
nto the munidpa!sys_m. C ,suit Taha III for sznda d measures of products or?w mataria's. (sea instuctons)
1. Maio, Contibutng-a( Ily
(see ins:jctons)
Name 401a r47at" H&,61Y.dl h-r-
Numb-r&SL^' t 401b P 0 Box 2EC0, afield Rail
City 401c Boone
Count/ 401d (`�dtala
401e
Zip Code 401f 28607
2 Primary Sa7dard Industrial 4,02
Oassifcator,C &,(see Instructions)
a Primary F,-duct or Raw Material Units(Sr
(see ins 'dons) QuanCV Table 1111
Product 4 3a 1-�th Care 4031: 4010
Raw Material a,to i bdical. 143
& Ct erdcals
4 Row Ind-:ate the volume of water
dschz d into tkN municipal sys-
iern in tn'.said gallorz per day 41:1- 35 nwsald gallons per day .
and nhener this dis-marge is
in le roi"ten"or con tinuous. 404b ❑ IntermittenNint) [X] Contnuous(con)
5 P,mt:aa'-,=_rut Pro:'t�d lndicate if 405 n Yes No
pnetree_nent is pm�id=d prior to
entennc t-a munici J system
fi -Characte,isus of Y'astewater
(see inst;jctons)
Namne
b 1
40Ea ra_ es 01027 719C0
_..'.: N u,r'u'
._ va'� 1 7.8 0:001-'

U U�;
�17
z d.,
STANDARD FORM A - MUNICIPAL
SECTION IV. INDUSTRIAL WASTE CONTRIBUTION TO MUNICIPAL SYSTEM
Submit a c5escrption of ea:h rna:oriridusLraj fa�:ity d.scha:gng to ncamuni�:z'vste .,using a seapa.mte Sec Eon IVICrear
tacifi*,y aeon.,ion ind,;2te be 2 digit lrdjstral (SIC)C,:k for*,no indisty be m*r product o,,rsw
mate ral. On thousan'c�-Pons per de") a-xj - of tie was,�v�a'er from na rdus,�*,d fa-�it/
mumv..oai sys,-E.m. co�s�-!;TaL'� III for s�and��;maas.l,-.s-of piro:!uc's o:k-=w rn a:ekias. (sre ins-tuctons)
Major r-or,:.nDjt-c Fra aIq
(see insn-iDns)
Name eta IRC, L-c.
P 0 Box 1860, Gray Road
ci,i 4-11C Boone
Cunt/ eold (,. ta-pa
N-
'Y'
40le I
Samr-
Zp C-6, 401 f 28607
Primary S.L163-- 42 3676
C:ass:ro,-2.j C-11-1-:�
- - �o jkS�s r,5)
pirnarj pi—fuc,wRax Ma,q.rial uni's(See
(see ins'.ckons)
Frr'xt 4.aa Electrical
Resistors
�M Raw a!sri-� 4--3b ce=La S Nickpj- - j 4]
ncd)Dnc A--id �%lbej1 OrI tic
4 Row Indon':e be v-4, of wate.-
into t`,e nunciPal vis- 4D
Lon in t?D'�nd Per day 4.4- gallors per day
and v,nener ills dis.lam,is
in=m,i tte-I'o r cal
ln,:emnni"entlint) L,7-1 Cont'nuous(con)
P�t:eatme.-,,Pro•fc.a lrd2'-,if. 4':5 Yes 1-1 No
is prior to
cntenng tr%r_rojnia.--a!s,,,stem
fi Charastesjs o1 Y,'�s!�watcr
(sec ins'�j n s)
(ED TSS IQ IrUnUT, L\ackpl
e ECD Lead
00M 01067 051
:!.st
o 1 8.1 'X)

1.6 MGD
,�SCREENING&GRIT REMOVAL -
INFLUENT F— PRIMARY TRICKLING FINAL DISCHARGE 001
3.2 MGD a�I—I SEDIMENTATION FILTERS SEDIMENTATION 3.2 MGD
_,���_► CHLORINE
CONTACT
1.6 MGD
SCHEMATIC OF WASTEWATER FLOW
ILUDGE BOONE WWTP
SLUDGE DRYING BOONE, NORTH CAROLINA
BEDS DISCHARGE SERIAL NO. 001
NPDES PERMIT NO. NCO020621
MAY 30, 1995 PAGE 1 OF 1
YA
EROBIC .
GESTION
DRAINAGE FROM
DRYING BEDS
NPDESI.XLS

aWn
bs ,
IDS, \ _'
\ j N
i.rt.�sow Z
_ \� ILI 0 3
— 1
—�
Ir
r
/ n i
EJ
tw oru sr
'V w�
w�:oauc
�� , PiwI, X—la

FACT SHEET FOR WASTELOAD ALLOCATION
Request# 8318
Facility Name: BOONE W WTP F'E C P t)�_
NPDES No.: NCO020621 -1- <_, �� `
Type of Waste: 95%DOMESTIC/5% INDUSTRIAL
R.L. ?_ _r� �-
Facility Status: Existing AN - 2 1995
Permit Status: Modification-P,-)L'paw616A
Receiving Stream: SOUTH FORK NEW RIVER V�i l n`i �� Sal e fly
Stream Classification: C-TROUT
Subbasin: 050701 Regionai Off`ce
County: WATAUGA Stream Characteristic:
Regional Office: WSRO USGS # Updated per USG:
Low Flow Report
Requestor: POWELL Date: 7/20/95
Date of Request: 627/95 Drainage Area(mi2): 32.7
Topo Quad: C12NW Summer 7Q10 (cfs): 9.5
Winter 7Q10 (cfs): 14
Average Flow (cfs): 59
30Q2 (cfs): 20.3
IWC(%): 44
Wasteload Allocation Summary
(approach taken,correspondence with region, EPA,etc.)
Facility is requesting renewal of NPDES permit @ 3.2 MGD and expansion to 4.82 MGD.
Renewal of existing limits for 3.2 MGD with some modifications of metals limits:per expansion to
4.82 MGD, the New River Management Strategy for expanding dischargers above ORW river
segments will be applied Tertiary limits of 5/2/5 and 10/4/5 will be applied. It should be noted
that evaluation of stream flow using USGS Low Flow Report, has flows revised downward and
will effect whole effluent toxicity limit.
Special Schedule Requirements and additional comments from Reviewers:
NO
i 9,ot[$ 'o✓/ n/ iYUh rY/!'Yl/�'i'W. -i�r
Recommended by:: / Date: 7/27/95
Reviewed by
Instream Assessment: �Cih /)n�(� Date:
Regional Supervisor: . - � Date:
Permits &Engineering: _/- - / Date: g /6
RETURN TO TECHNICAL SERVICES BY: AUG 2 9 1995

2
CONVENTIONAL PARAMETERS
Existing Limits:
Monthly Average
Summer Winter
Wasteflow (MGD): 3.2
BODS(mg/1): 30
NH3N (mg/1): monitor
DO(mg/1): nr-
TSS (mg/1): 30
Fecal Col. (/100 nil): 200
pH (SU): 6-9
Residual Chlorine (µg/1): monitor
TP(mg/1): Qrtrly
monitoring
TN(mg/1): Qrtrly
monitoring
Recommended Limits:
Monthly Average
Summer Winter WQ or EL
Wasteflow(MGD): 4.82 4.82
BODS(mg/1): 5 10
NH3N(mg/1): 2 4
DO(mg/1): 5 5
TSS (mg/1): 10 10
Fecal Col. (/100 ml): 200 200
pH (SU): 6-9 6-9
Residual Chlorine(µg/1): 28 28
TP (mg/1): Qrtrly Qrtrly
monitoring monitoring
TN(mg/1): Qrtrly Qrtrly
monitoring monitoring
Limits Chanties Due To: Parameter(s) Affected
Change in 7Q10 data
Change in stream classification
Relocation of discharge
Change in wasteflow
Other(onsite toxicity study, interaction,etc.) BOD5, NH3,DO,TSS,C1
Instream data
New regulations/standards/procedures
New facility information
(explanation of any modifications to past modeling analysis including new flows,rates, field data,
interacting discharges)
(See page 4 for miscellaneous and special conditions,if applicable)

3
TOXICS/METALS
Type of Toxicity Test: Chronic Ceriodaphnia P/F
Existing Limit: 27%
Recommended Limit: 44%
Monitoring Schedule: MAR JUN SEP DEC
Existing Limits
Daily Max.
Wasteflow (MGD): 3.2
Cadmium(ug/1): 7
Chromium(ug/1): monitor
Copper(ug/1): monitor
Nickel (ug/1): 320
Lead(ug/l): 91
Zinc(ug/1): monitor
Cyanide(ug/1): 18
Iron (mg/l): monitor
Mercury(ug/1): 0.04
Silver(ug/1): monitor
Recommended Limits
Daily Max. WQ or EL
Wasteflow (MGD): 4.82
Cadmium (ug/1): 0.9 WQ
Copper(ug/1): monitor
Lead(ug/1): 57 WQ
Zinc (ug/1): monitor
Cyanide(ug/1): 11.0
Iron (mg/1): monitor
Mercury (ug/1): 0.04 WQ
Silver(ug/1): monitor
Limits Changes Due To: Parameter(s) Affected
Change in 7Q10 data
Change in stream classification
Relocation of discharge
Change in wasteflow X
New pretreatment information ' pb
Failing toxicity test
Other(onsite toxicity study,interaction,etc.) Cn-new tox alysis
Ca w �'v t, mt
Parameter(s)are water quality limited. For some parameters,the available load capacity of
the immediate receiving water will be consumed. This may affect future water quality based
effluent limitations for additional dischargers within this portion of the watershed.
OR
_ No parameters are water quality limited,but this discharge may affect future allocations.

4
INSTREAM MONITORING REQUIREMENTS
Upstream Location:
Downstream Location:
Parameters:
Special instream monitoring locations or monitoring frequencies:
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION&SPECIAL CONDITIONS
Adcauacy of Existing Treatment
Has the facility demonstrated the ability to meet the proposed new limits with existing treatment
facilities? Yes_ No lk.q
If no,which parameters cannot be met?
Would a "phasing in" of the new limits be appropriate? Yes_ No f
If yes, please provide a schedule (and basis for that schedule)with the regional
office recommendations:
A41YT Sffou� mGGT ��� U�'l/T5
If no, why not?
Special Instructions or Conditions
Wasteload sent to EPA? (Major)_(Y or N)
(If yes,then attach schematic, toxics spreadsheet,copy of model,or, if not modeled, then old
assumptions that were made, and description of how it fits into basinwide plan)
Additional Information attached? (Y or N) If yes, explain with attachments.

Facility Name BooneW WTP Permit# NCO020621_Pipe#001
CHRONIC TOXICITY PASS/FAIL PERMIT LIMIT (QRTRLY)
The effluent discharge shall at no time exhibit chronic toxicity using test procedures outlined in:
1.) The North Carolina Ceriodaphnia chronic effluent bioassay procedure (North Carolina Chronic Bioassay
Procedure - Revised *September 1989) or subsequent versions.
The effluent concentration at which there may be no observable inhibition of reproduction or significant mortality
is_44_% (defined as treatment two in the North Carolina procedure document). The permit holder shall
perform quarter monitoring using this procedure to establish compliance with the permit condition. The first
test will be performed after thirty days from the effective date of this permit during the months of
_MAR JUN SEP DEC . Effluent sampling for this testing shall be performed at the NPDES
pemutted final effluent discharge below all treatment processes.
All toxicity testing results required as part of this permit condition will be entered on the Effluent Discharge
Monitoring Form(MR-1) for the month in which it was performed, using the parameter code TGP3B.
Additionally,DEM Form AT-1 (original) is to be sent to the following address:
Attention: Environmental Sciences Branch
North Carolina Division of
Environmental Management
4401 Reedy Creek Road
Raleigh, N.C. 27607
Test data shall be complete and accurate and include all supporting chemical/physical measurements performed in
association with the toxicity tests, as well as all dose/response data. Total residual chlorine of the effluent toxicity
sample must be measured and reported if chlorine is employed for disinfection of the waste stream.
Should any single quarterly monitoring indicate a failure to meet specified limits, then monthly monitoring will
begin immediately until such time that a single test is passed. Upon passing, this monthly test requirement will
revert to quarterly in the months specified above.
Should any test data from this monitoring requirement or tests performed by the North Carolina Division of
Environmental Management indicate potential impacts to the receiving stream,this permit may be re-opened and
modified to include alternate monitoring requirements or limits.
NOTE: Failure to achieve test conditions as specified in the cited document, such as minimum control organism
survival and appropriate environmental controls, shall constitute an invalid test and will require immediate
retesting(within 30 days of initial monitoring event). Failure to submit suitable test results will constitute
noncompliance with monitoring requirements.
7Q10 9.5 cfs /,
Permitted Flow 4.82 _ MGD Recommended by:
lWC 44 % f
Basin & Sub-basin NEW01 /
Receiving Stream South Fork New River—
County
County Watauga Date 720/95
QCL PIF Version 9191

TOXICANT ANALYSIS
Facility Name BOONE WWTP
NPDES# NCO020621
Qw MGD 4.82
7010s cis 118
iWC . 5.95
Rec'ving Stream SOUTH FORK NEW R.
Stream Class C
FINAL RESULTS A r
CR
Max. Pred CwI 130 u A
Allowable Cwi 419.9 u /l
Max. Value 25
Cu
Max. Pred Cw 180.4 u A
Allowable Cw 58.8 u A 15. 9
Max.Value 82
FE '
Max. Pred Cw 4200 u A
Allowable Cw 8397.2 u A 2 7-7/.C
Max.Value 2000
PB
Max. Pred Cw 144 u /I
Allowable Cw 209.9 u /I 5-1, 9
Max. Value 40
NI
Max. Pred Cw 50 u
Allowable Cw 739.0 u A i59 7
Max. Value 20
ZN
Max. Pred Cw 884 u A
Allowable Cw 419.9 u /l l i3•
Max.Value 260
CD
Max. Pred Cw 16.8 u A
Allowable Cw 3.4 u /l 0.9
Max. Value 4
AG
Max. Pred Cw 102.5 u A
Allowable Cw, 0.5 u A 0
Max. Value 25
HG
Max. Pred Cw 56.8 u A
Allowable Cw 0•/9 0.0 u /l
Max. Value 8
CN
Max. Pred Cw 11.4 u
Allowable Cw 42.0 u A
Max. Value 6
7/27/95 PAGE

TOXICANT ANALYSIS
Facility Name BOONE WWTP
NPDES# NCO020621
Ow MGD 4.82
7010s cfs 9.5
IWC q 44.02
Rec'ving Stream SOUTH FORK NEW R.
Stream Class C
.._.._.._.._.._.._.._.._.._.. .............................................
FINAL RESULTS
CR
Max. Pred Cw 130 u /l I ,
Allowable Cw 113.6 u A P"W
Max. Value 25
CU
Max. Pred Cw 180.4 uW ywn,fir/
Allowable Cw 15.9 u
Max. Value 82
FE
Max. Pred Cw 4200 u A ,4,1'kr/
Allowable Cw 2271.6 u A
Max.Value 2000
P_B
Max. Pred Cw 144 u A ( M'!
Soh
Allowable Cw 56.8 u /1 t)
Max. Value 40
NI Max. Pred Cw 50 u A AM �/ rr
Allowable Cw 199.9 u A
Max.Value 20
ZN ' /
Max. Pred Cw 884 u A jvv � '
Allowable Cwj 113.6 u A
Max. Value 260
CID
Max. Pred Cw 16.8 u A CLl M��
Allowable Cw o.9 u A
Max. Value 4
AG
Max. Pred Cw, 102.5 u A
Allowable Cw 0.1 ugnA
_Max. Value 25
HG
Max. Pred Cw 56.8 u A
Allowable Cw 0.oq/ 0.0 u A
Max. Value 8
CN.
Max. Pred Cw 11.4 u A (C �'
Allowable Cw 11 A u A
Max. Value 6
7/24/95 PAGE '

Facility: Boone WWTP
NPDES#:
Receiving Stream: South Fork New River
Comment(s):
gage number not available
Low Flow Record Station Number.
Hydrologic Area Number: HA10
Drainage Area Low Flow Record Station:
Qave Low Flow Record Station:
s7Q10 Low Flow Record Station:
w7Q10 Low Flow Record Station:
3002 Low Flow Record Station:
must be<400 sq.mlles
Drainage Area New Site: 32.70 sq.miles
MAR New Site: 1.8 cfs/miles squared
Cleve per Report Equation: 59 cis
s7010 per Report Equation: 9.50 cis
w7Q10 per Report Equation: 14.24 cfs
3002 per Report Equation: 20.25 cfs
Continue
Drainage Area Ratio: #DIV/01
(new DA/Da at gage] #DIV/01
Weighted Ratio: #DIV/01
Over-ride Inappropriate Site (y):
Drainage Area New Site: 32.70 miles squared
MAR New Site: 1.8 cfs/miles squared
Weighted Cleve per Report Equation: #DIV/01
Weighted s7Q10 per Report Equation: no input from above
Weighted w7Q10 per Report Equation: no Input from above
Weighted 30Q2 per Report Equation: no Input from above

BOONE WWTP @4.82 MGD
Residual Chlorine Ammonia as NH3
(summer)
7010(CFS) 9.5 7010(CFS) 9.5
DESIGN FLOW(MGD) 4.82 DESIGN FLOW(MGD) 4.82
DESIGN FLOW(CFS) 7.471 DESIGN FLOW(CFS) 7.471
STREAM STD(UG/L) 17.0 STREAM STD(MG/L) 1.0
UPS BACKGROUND LEVEL(UG/L) 0 UPS BACKGROUND LEVEL(MG/L) 0.22
IWC (%) 44.02 IWC(%) 44.02
Allowable Concentration (ug/I) 38.62 Allowable Concentration(mg/1) 1.99
Ammonia as NH3
(winter)
7010(CFS) 14
Fecal Limit 2001100ml DESIGN FLOW(MGD) 4.82
Ratio of 1.3:1 DESIGN FLOW(CFS) 7.471
STREAM STD(MG/L) 1.8
UPS BACKGROUND LEVEL(MG/L) 0.22
IWC (%) 34.80
Allowable Concentration(mg/1) 4.76
NC0020621 7/20/95

EIINR - ENVIRU:A:IIENTAL b411A'AGEd1EA7 T15A: 02B .0200
been taken to protect a water body in determining the appropriate state protection options. Descriptions of
boundaries of waters classified as ORW are included in Paragraph (e) of this Rule and in the Schedule of
Classifications (15A NCAC 2B .0302 through .0317) as specified for the appropriate river basin and will also
be described on maps maintained by the Division of Environmental Management.
(d) Petition Process. Any person may petition the Commission to classify a surface water of the state as
an ORW. The petition shall identify the exceptional resource value to be protected, address how the water
body meets the general criteria in Paragraph (a) of this Rule, and the suggested actions to protect the resource
values. The Commission may request additional supporting information from the petitioner. The Commission
or its designee will initiate public proceedings to classify waters as ORW or will inform the petitioner that the
waters do not meet the criteria for ORW with an explanation of the basis for this decision. The petition shall
be sent to:
Director
DEHNR/Division of Environmental Management
P.O. Box 29535
Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535
The envelope containing the petition shall clearly bear the notation: RULE-MAKING PETITION FOR ORW
CLASSIFICATION.
(e) Listing of Waters Classified ORW with Specific Actions. Waters classified as ORW with specific
actions to protect exceptional resource values are listed as follows:
(1) Roosevelt Natural Area [White Oak River Basin, Index Nos. 20-36-9.5-(1-).and 20-36-9.5-(2)]
including all fresh and saline waters within the property boundaries of the natural area will have
only, new development which complies with the low density option in the stormwater rules as
specified in 15A NCAC 2H .1003(a)(2) within 575 feet of the Roosevelt Natural Area (if the
development site naturally drains to the Roosevelt Natural Area).
(2) Chattooga River ORW Area (Little Tennessee River Basin and Savannah River Drainage Area):
the following undesignated waterbodies that are tributary to ORW designated segments shall comply
with Rule .0216(c) of this Section in order to protect the designated waters as per Rule .0203 of
this Section. However,-expansions of existing discharges to these segments will be allowed if there
is no increase in pollutant loading:
(A) North and South Fowler Creeks,
(B) Green and Norton Mill Creeks,
(C) Cane Creek,
(D) Ammons Branch,
(E) Glade Creek, and
(F) Associated tributaries.
(3) Henry Fork ORW Area (Catawba River Basin): the following undesignated waterbodies that are
tributary to ORW designated segments shall comply with Rule .0216(c) of this Section in order to
protect the designated waters as per Rule .0203 of this Section:
(A) ivy Creek,
(B) Rock Creek, and -
(C) Associated tributaries.
(4) • South Fork New and New Rivers ORW Area [New River Basin (Index Nos. 10-1-33.5 and 10)]:
the following management strategies, in addition to the discharge requirements specified in Rule
.0216(c)(1), will be applied to protect the designated ORW areas:
(A) Stormwater controls described in Rule .0216(c)(1) will apply within one mile and draining to the
designated ORW areas;
(B); New or expanded NPDES permitted wastewater discharges located upstream of the designated.
� ORW will be permitted such that the following water _quality standards are maintained in the
ORW segment:
(i) tBe total volume of treated wastewater for all upstream discharges combined will not exceed
50 percent of the total instream flow in the designated ORW under 7Q10 conditions;
(ii) , a safety factor will be applied to any chemical allocation such that the effluent limitation for
a specific chemical constituent will be the more stringent of either the limitation allocate:
under design conditions (pursuant to 15A NCAC 2B .0206) for the normal standard at the
� , point of discharge, or the limitation allocated under design conditions for one-half the normal

E77NR - ENVIK0A7d1EA77AL d.4A`AGE:11EA7 775A: 02B .0200
standard at the upstream border of the ORW segment;
(iii) a safety factor will be applied to any discharge of complex wastewater (those containing or
potentially containing toxicants) to protect for chronic toxicity in the ORW segment by setting
the whole effluent toxicity limitation at the higher (more stringent) percentage effluent
determined under design conditions (pursuant to 15A NCAC 2B .0206) foreither the instream
effluent concentration at the point of discharge or twice the effluent concentration calculated
as if the discharge were at the upstream border of the ORW segment;
(C) New or expanded NPDES permitted wastewater discharges located upstream of the disignated
(ORW will comply with the following:
(i) Oxygen Consuming Wastes: Effluent-limitations will be as-follows: BOD = 5. mg/I, and
N1­13-N = 2 mg11;
(ii) Total_Suspended Solids: Discharges of total suspended solids (TSS) will be limited to-effluent.
r
concentrations of 10 mg/l for trout waters and to 20 mg/.I for all other waters;'
(iii) Emergency Requirements: Failsafe treatment designs will be employed, including stand-by
power capability for entire treatment works, dual train design for all treatment components,
or equivalent failsafe treatment designs;
(iv) Nutrients: Where nutrient overenrichment is projected to be a concern, appropriate effluent
limitations will be set for phosphorus or nitrogen, or both.
(5) Old Field Creek (New River Basin): the undesignated portion of Old Field Creek (from its source
to Call Creek) shall comply with Rule .0216(c) of this Section in order to protect the designated
waters as per Rule .0203 of this Section.
(6) In the following designated waterbodies, no additional restrictions will be placed on new or
expanded marinas. The only new or expanded NPDES permitted discharges that will be allowed
will be non-domestic, non-process industrial discharges.
(A) The Alligator River Area (Pasquotank River Basin) extending from the source of the Alligator
River to the U.S. Highway 64 bridge including New Lake Fork, North West Fork Alligator
River, Juniper Creek, Southwest Fork Alligator River, Scouts Bay, Gum Neck Creek, Georgia
Bay, Winn Bay, Stumpy Creek Bay, Stumpy Creek, Swann , Creek (Swann Creek Lake),
Whipping Creek (Whipping Creek Lake), Grapevine Bay, Rattlesnake Bay, The Straits, The
Frying Pan, Coopers Creek, Babbitt Bay, Goose Creek, Milltail Creek, Boat Bay, Sandy Ridge
Gut (Sawyer Lake) and Second Creek, but excluding the Intracoastal Waterway (Pungo
River-Alligator River Canal) and all other tributary streams and canals.
(7) In the following designated waterbodies, the only type of new or expanded marina that will be
allowed will be those marinas located in upland basin areas, or those with less than 30 slips, having
no boats over 21 feet in length and no boats with heads. The only new or expanded NPDES
permitted discharges that will be allowed will be non-domestic, non-process industrial discharges.
(A) The Northeast Swanquarter Bay Area including all waters northeast of a line from a point at Lat.
35' 23' 51" and Long. 76* 21' 02" thence southeast along the Swanquarter Nadonal Wildlife
Refuge hunting closure boundary (as defined by the 1935 Presidential Proclamation) to Drum,
Point.
(B) The Neuse-Southeast Pamlico Sound Area (Southeast Pamlico Sound Area (Southeast Pamlico
Sound Section of the Southeast Pamlico, Core and Back Sound Area); (Neuse River Basin)
including all waters within an area defined by a line extending from the southern shore of
Ocracoke Inlet northwest to the Tar-Pamlico River and Neuse River basin boundary, then
southwest to Ship Point.
(C) The Core Sound Section of the Southeast Pamlico, Core and Back Sound Area (White Oak River
Basin), including all waters of Core Sound and its tributaries, but excluding Nelson Bay, Little
Port Branch and Atlantic Harbor at its mouth, and those tributaries of Jarrett Bay that are closed
to shellftshim,
(D) The Western Bogue Sound Section of the Western Bogue Sound and Bear Island Area (White Oak
River Basin) including .all waters within an area defined by a line from Bogue Inlet to the
mainland at SR 1117 to a line across Bogue Sound from the southwest side of Gales Creek to
RocK Point, including Taylor Bay and the Intracoastal Waterway.
(E) The Stump Sound Area (Cape Fear River Basin) including all waters of Stump Sound and
Alligator Bay from marker Number 17 to the western end of Pcrmuda Island, but excluding
6-31

r '
cc: Permits and Engineering
Technical Support Branch
County Health Dept.
Central Files
WSRO
SOC PRIORITY PROJECT: Yes $No
If Yes, SOC No. WO 94-08
(Town to submit SOC amendment request soon)
To: Permits and Engineering Unit
Water Quality Section
Attention: Jeanette Powell
Date: June 19, 1995
NPDES STAFF REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION
County Watauga
Permit No. NC0020621
PART I - GENERAL INFORMATION
1. Facility and Address: Town of Boone WWTP
P.O. Drawer 192
Boone, NC 28607
2. Date of Investigation: May 10, 1995
3. Report Prepared by: Beth Morton
4. Persons Contacted and Telephone Number: Oscar Hodges
[phone]
5. Directions to Site: Take 421 North towards Boone. Turn on state road 1515. Follow signs to the
W WTP.
6. Discharge Points(s), List for all discharge points:
Latitude: 36 12' 54" Longitude: 81' 38' 10"
U.S.G.S. Quad No. C-12NW U.S.G.S. Quad Nameg
7. Site size and expansion area consistent with application? X Yes No If No, explain:
8. Topography (relationship to flood plain included): The mountainous area is not located in a flood
plain.
9. Location of nearest dwelling: >1000 Ft
10. Receiving stream or affected surface waters: South Fork of the New River
a. Classification C Tr
b. River Basin and Subbasin No.: New River Basin 05 07 01
C. Describe receiving stream features and pertinent downstream uses: The river supports fish and

NPDES Staff Report
June 19, 1995
Page 2
wildlife.
Part H - DESCRIPTION OF DISCHARGE AND TREATMENT WORKS
1. a. Volume of Wastewater to be permitted: 4.82 million Qatlons per day (MGD) (Ultimate Design
Capacity)
b. What is the current permitted capacity of the Waste Water Treatment facility? 3.2 MGD.
C. Actual treatment capacity of the current facility (current design capacity)? 3.2 MGD.
d. Date(s) and construction activities allowed by previous Authorizations to Construct issued in
the previous two years. On July 28, 1994, an authorization to construct a course bubble
diffused aeration system and floating decanters in the digesters was issued.
e. Please provide a description of existing or substantially constructed wastewater treatment
facilities; The facility consists of dual bar screens (one mechanical, one manual), influent lift
station, dual primary clarifiers, dual trickling filters, recirculation lift station, dual secondary
clarifiers, chlorination and dechlorination chamber, dual aerobic digesters, drying beds, and
covered drying beds.
f. Please provide a description of proposed wastewater treatment facilities. Aerated grit removal
system, grease skimming chamber, mechanical bar screen, parshall flume and flow
measurement, primary clarifiers used for flow equalization, dual oxidation ditches, four
secondary clarifiers (2 new added), mud well, tertiary filtration, UV disinfection, existing dual
aerobic digesters, sludge dryer, and belt filter presses with an associated air scrubber.
g. Possible toxic impacts to surface waters: None known.
h. Pretreatment Program (POTWs only):
in development_ approved X
should be required_ not needed_
2, Residuals handling and utilization/disposal scheme:
a. If residuals are being land applied, please specify DEM Permit No. WOOD05757.
Residuals Contractor Advanced Waste Management Services. Inc.
Telephone No. [phone]
b. Residuals stabilization: PSRP X PFRP_Other_
C. Landfill: NA
d. Other disposal/utilization scheme (Specify): None.
3. Treatment plant classification (attach completed rating sheet). IV
4. SIC Code(s): 4952

NPDES Staff Report
June 19, 1995
Page 3
Primary QI Secondary L9 (IRC makes electrical components-resistors)
Main Treatment Unit Code: IQ 10-.2
PART III - OTHER PERTINENT INFORMATION
1. Is this facility being constructed with Construction Grant Funds or are any public monies involved.
(municipals only)? Yes
2. `Special monitoring or limitations (including toxicity) requests: Boone currently has a influent bypass'
pipe which allows influent to be directly discharged to the South Fork of the New River with'
absolutely no treatment. It is recommended by DEM that this discharged pipe be cemented to
permanently discontinue its use and potential for an illegal discharge.
3. Important SOC, JOC or Compliance Schedule dates: (Please indicate)
A request to amend the current SOC is expected from the Town soon.
4. Alternative Analysis Evaluation: Has the facility evaluated all of the non-discharge options available.
Please provide regional perspective for each option evaluated.
Spray Irrigation: Yes. Topographical and geological nature of land in the area makes this option
infeasible.
Connection to Regional Sewer System: NA
Subsurface: Geological nature of land makes this option infeasible.
Other disposal options: Constructed wetlands was impossible due to lack of available land which
would be appropriate for the system.
5. _ Other Special Items: None.
PART IV - EVALUATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
1. fBoone often has problems with fluctuating high flows: A suggestion is made to equip the mechanical
'bar screen with a bubbler device before and after the screen to measure the water level differential so
that when a 3 inch difference in water level occurs, the bar screen will automatically clean itself. This
bubble device could also be equipped with an alarm so that during high flows the alternate manual bar
screen could be used to divert some flow. A water level measuring device might help prevent screen
clogging.
2. Recommendation is made to permanently seal the bypass at the influent to the South Fork of the New'
River at the influent of the plant. ,
3. Currently the WWTP receives an alum slurry from the Winkler Water plant.;The Appalachian State
University Water Plant hauls their alum slurry every few months to the WWTP. ASU,has its own
filter belt presses but still hauls the slurry (approximately 30,000 gallons per year) to Boone's WWTP
for disposal. The Boone treatment plant becornes upset when an alum slurry enters the plant. Chains
on the primary units often break as a result of the alum.

NPDES Staff Report
June 19, 1995
Page 4
The proposed grit removal system will be affected by the alum if it is permitted to enter the plant.
Also, the proposed oxidation ditches may be affected by an.alum slurry. More problems may arise if
alum is continued to enter the plant.
!Recommendation is made to have Boone WWTP prohibit any water treatment plant slurry from being
accepted into the plant. ASU should be advised to pursue using the belt filter presses and disposing of
their alum sludge via a land application permit. For the Winkler water plant, the Town may want to
dewater the alum sludge and mix it with the WWTP sludge for land application.
Recommendation is made to modify the permit as requested.
WW—ncy-eV
Signature of report preparer
Water Quality Regional Sup, sor
6 — 8- 95
Date