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SAFETY—KLEEN SERVICE CENTER
2320 YADKIN AVENUE
CHARLOTTE, NC
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ASSOCIATES OF NORTH CAROLINA, P.C.
Raleigh, North Carolina 27604 [phone] FAX [phone]
CAD FILE
1252896.DWG
PREP. BY
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REV. BY
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SCALE
AS SHOWN
DATE
07— 27— 2011
PROJECT NO.
045.34016.0007

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= LOCATION OF FORMER MINERAL
SPIRITS UST
= ESTIMATED EXTENT OF GROUNDWATER
IMPACTED ABOVE NC 2L STANDARDS
MW-4
136/29/2011 Dup
VOCs
Benzene (ug/L) 1.5 1.8
1,2-01chlarobenzene (ug/L) 20 24
1,4—DichIcroethane (ug/L) 5.6 6.1
1,1—Dichlaroathana (vg/L) 15 14
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06/29/2011
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NOTES:
1 GROUNDWATER ELEVATION CONTOURS
BASED ON JUNE 29, 2011 GAUGING.
2. DEEP WELL MW-2D WAS NOT
INCLUDED IN CONTOURING.
TITLE FIGURE 4
GROUNDWATER ELEVATION CONTOUR MAP
SAFETY-KLEEN SERVICE CENTER
2320 YADKIN AVENUE
CHARLOTTE, NC
ASSOCIATES OF NORTH CAROLINA. P.C.
Raleigh, North Carolina 27604 [phone] FAX [phone]
CAD FILE
1252896.DWG
PREP. BY
AF
REV. BY
GO
SCALE
AS SHOWN
DATE
07-27-2011
PROJECT NO.
045.34016.0007

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TITLE FIGURE 5
CROSS—SECTION LOCATION MAP
SAFETY—KLEEN SERVICE CENTER
2320 YADKIN AVENUE
CHARLOTTE, NC
VATC
ASSOCIATES OF NORTH CAROLINA, P.C.
Raleigh, North Carolina 27604 [phone] FAX [phone]
CAD FILE
1252596. D WG
PREP. BY
AF
REV. BY
GO
SCALE
AS SHOWN
DATE
07-27-2011
PROJECT NO.
045.34016.0007

= NOiD/H30911x3 TVOLIAJA
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CROSS --SECTION A ---,A"
SAFET Ym--KL.E:EN SPRVlCE C.NTER
2320 YADKI'N AVENUE
CHARLOTTE, NC
CAD FILE
1252896 DW'G
PREP. BY
AF
ASSOCIATES OF NORTH CAROLINA.,, P.C.
Ralaic h, North Carolina 27604 E19;}871-0999 FAX
REV, BY GALE
G I AS SHOWN
HATE PROJECT NO.
07-27-2011 045,34016,0007

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Note thot the injection area extends to
MW--2 based on historical detections of
COCs above 2L Standards in well MW-2.
If this well continues to show no exceedences
of 2L Standards during future sampling
vents, some injection locations may be
moved to focus more on the area of
known groundwater impact.
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= TYPE OII MONITORING WELL
FORMER TEMPORARY WELL LOCATION
= SOIL BORING LOCATION
= PROPOSED PHASE II INJECTION WELL
PROPOSED PHASE I DIRECT PUSH
INJECTION POINT
= LOCATION OF FORMER MINERAL
SPIRITS UST
ESTIMATED EXTENT OF GROUNDWATER
IMPACTED ABOVE NC 2L STANDARDS
29/2011
Dup
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05/29/2C11
Na ux eedeuuuu oC NC: 2E. Standards
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05/25/2011
NC 2L SLondu0u
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30
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APPROXIMATE SCALE IN FEET

25 feet
15 feet
10 feet
Well finished at surface with locking well cap
and 12" diameter flush -mounted bolt -down
manhole cover with 2' by 2' concrete pad.
Cement grout/bentonite mixture from 0 to 1r
4" schedule 40 PVC casing from 0 to 15'
Bentonite seal from 11 to 1.3'
Pea gravel from 13 to 25'
4" schedule 40 PVC 0,030-inch slot well screen
from 15 to 25'
2725 E. Mil'brook Road, Suite 12
Raleigh, NC 27604
[phone]
PROJECT NO: 45.16031,0007
DATE: 4/2912,011
REVIEWED BY: GKO
FIGURE 9
Injection Well Construction
Diagram
Safety-Kleen Service Center
2320 Yadkin Avenue
Charlotte, North Carolina

APPENDIX 1:
INJECTANT CONCENTRATIONS

AREA "A
There are two groundwater treatment areas proposed to treat contamination present in the
vicinity of the drum washing area on the Safety Kleen site. The treatment area in Area "A" is in the
vicinity of monitoring well MW-C The first treatment area, Area "A" will target a 1,350 square
foot area and will require 6 injection points based on a 9 foot proposed injection radii, treating
between 15 and 25 feet below ground surface. This treatment depth is based on the provided
boring logs. Three injection intervals are proposed to treat the ten foot vertical contaminated
zone from 15-1,7 feet bgs, 19-21 feet bgs, and 23-25 feet bgs. Soil concentrations are estimated to
be somewhat elevated in Area "A"; therefore the soil. Freundlich absorbsion correction is
somewhat high (IET has assumed the value to be 15%).
Area "A" calculations are located below in Appendix 2. A map of the contarroinated trea
area is located below:
Area "AR (1, tXFt)
ARE
n
The second treatment area, Area "B" will target a 2,050 square foot area and will require 8
injection points based on a 9.5 foot proposed injection radii, treating between 15 and 25 feet
below ground surface. Three injection intervals are proposed to treat the ten foot vertical

ATC Associates
Page 7
contaminated zone from 15-17 feet bgs, 19-21 feet bgs, and 23-25 feet bgs. Soil concentrations
are estimated to be somewhat elevated in Area "B"; therefore the soil Freundlich absorbsion
correction is moderate (IET has assumed the value to be 10%).
Area "B" calculations are located below in Appendix 2.
IET estimates that this injection will take 1 day to implement the remedial design. The price
present herein is guaranteed regardless of the actual field time required to implement the
program described herein.
The "Lump -Sum" price set -forth assumes that a water supply and a secure storage area for
chemicals are available for the duration of the project.
SCOPE OF WORK
The first treatment at the Safety Kleen site will require the presence of IET personnel to emplace
the remedial material into the open excavation and oversee the backfilling of excavated area.
The injection event will require 6 injection points in Area "A" and 8 injection points in Area "B",
and will treat a combined area of 3,400 square feet.
Subsurface Pathway Development
Initially, compressed air shall be delivered to the subsurface via IET proprietary injection trailer
system. This process step allows for confirmation of open delivery routes while enhancing
horizontal injection pathways. The confirmation of open and viable subsurface delivery
pathways insures that upon introduction of the oxidizer(s) injections will occur freely thus
minimizing health and safety risks associated with oxidant full injection lines and injection
tooling when no subsurface delivery route has been established. Confirmation of open and free
pathways is accomplished via observed pressure drops and fee moving compressed gases to the
subsurface.
Oxidant Injection
A colloidal suspension of 2-4 micron zero valent iron (ZVI) is immediately injected into the
subsurface pathways and voids that were developed during the compressed air injection step.
This step will be followed by a predetermined volume of a 2.5% or 5% solution of H2O2.
Immediately following, under constant pressure, a sodium persulfate solution will then be
introduced. A small amount of water follows this step in order to rinse the injection equipment.
Post Liquid Injection — Compressed Air Injection

Lastly, the injection lines are cleared of liquids and all injectants are forced into the created
formation and upward into the vadose zone. This step insures that all material is injected
outward into the formation and minimizes anysurface excursions of injectanns following the
release of the injection pressure.
Once the injection cycle is complete, the injection point is temporarily capped to allow for th
pressurized subsurface to accept the injectants.
Equipment Description:
The injections small occur via IET's mobile oxidation injection trailer and IET's direct -push
equipment as described:
Injection Lines: High Pressure Stainless steel Braided Rubber one inch and % inch diameter
Injection Trailer: IET Self-contained injection trailer, consisting of: two 120 gallon conical tanks
capable of maintaining unto 30% solids as a suspension via lightning mixers; on -board
generator, all stainless steel piping system, 2" pneumatic diaphragm pump with an operating
pressure of 110 psi.; on -board 25 CFM/175 psig compressor with 120 gallons of air storage; self
contained eye wash and safety shower.
Injection Rods: IET proprietary injection rods with retractable injection zones and backflow
protection Injection zones of 18 inches are to be used in combination with 24" injection AWJ-
Rods where appropriate.
Injection Equipment:
lET Self -Contained Oxidizer Injection System - consisting of - all stainless steel 316 piping,
compressors (175 psi/25 CFM), on -board generator, self-contained safety shower and eye wash
stations. The system has a spray -on rubber lined floor and walls, with bermed secondary
containment.

ATC
Paw, 9
United States Patent 7,044,152
Reii$t3 t Rao ffln2

ATC AS5ociatc5
Page 12
Inject n Area 0 FtXFt)

AT'C: Associates
Page 14
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ATC Associates
Page 16
APPENDIX 3: TECHNOLOGY DISCUSSION
Advanced Oxidation
Oxidation is defined as a chemical process in which electrons are transferred from an atom, ion
or compound. The in -situ chemical oxidation process is designed to destroy organic
contaminants either dissolved in groundwater, sorbed to the aquifer material, or present as free
product. Oxidants most frequently used in chemical oxidation include hydrogen peroxide (H202),
potassium permanganate (KMn04), persulfate (Na2O8S2) and ozone (03). Peroxone, which is a
combination of ozone and hydrogen peroxide, is also used. Fenton's Reagent, which is hydrogen
peroxide mixed with a metal catalyst, commonly an iron catalyst, can also be used. In -situ
chemical oxidation (ISC0) can be accomplished by introducing chemical oxidants into the soil or
aquifer at a contaminated site using a variety of injection and mixing apparatuses. Normally,
vertical or horizontal injection wells are used to deliver chemical oxidants. Ex -situ oxidation is
accomplished by pumping groundwater from extraction wells and treating the groundwater
above ground. In the recirculation approach, oxidants can be mixed with the extracted
groundwater, which is subsequently pumped back into the aquifer through injection wells.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of chemical oxidation?
Chemical oxidation offers several advantages over other in -situ or ex -situ remediation
technologies for petroleum compounds:
• The greatest advantages are the rapid treatment time and the ability to treat
contaminants present at high concentrations.
• It is effective on a diverse group of contaminants and can often achieve maximum clean-
up results.
What contaminants can be treated with chemical oxidation?
Common contaminants treated by chemical oxidation are amines, phenols, chlorophenols,
cyanides, halogenated aliphatic compounds, mercaptans, BTEX compounds, MTBE and
certain pesticides in liquid waste streams. Oxidation effectiveness depends on the organic
compound.
Is chemical oxidation safe?
While the use of chemical oxidation can be quite safe if done properly, there are significant
potential hazards. Most oxidants are corrosive. This means that they have the ability to

ATC Associates
Page 17
burn the skin and wear away certain materials. Chemical oxidation also has some
disadvantages. The disadvantages are as follows:
• Oxidation is nonselective. As such, the oxidant will not only react with the target
contaminants but also with substances found in the soil that can be readily oxidized. In the
case of gaseous ozone, the ozone can react with water and decompose to oxygen. Oxygen
production can lead to serious problems such as the development of high pressures below
the ground surface and possible explosions.
• Control of pH, temperature, and contact time is important to ensure the desired extent of
oxidation.
How long does chemical oxidation take?
The time required to clean up a contaminated site using chemical oxidation is dependent on
the reactivity of the contaminant with the oxidant, the size and depth of the contaminated
zone, the speed and direction of groundwater flow and type of soils and the conditions
present at the contaminated facility. Generally, chemical oxidation is more rapid than other
treatment technologies. The time scale is usually measured in months, rather than years.
In -situ oxidation uses contact chemistry of the oxidizing agent to react with volatile organic
compounds, munitions, certain pesticides and wood preservatives. The most common
oxidizers used in soil and groundwater remediation are hydrogen peroxide (and the
hydroxyl radical), potassium permanganate, and ozone, which are non -selective oxidizers.
Other oxidants are available, but are used less due to cost, time or potential toxic by-
products.
Radical Production
Hydrogen peroxide when in contact with a metal catalyst such as iron (II), which is
commonly known as Fenton's reagent, forms the more powerful oxidizer, the hydroxyl
radical. The metal catalyst can be a variety of substances such as iron oxides within the soil
or fill, separately added iron sulfate, and zero-valent iron particles. Fenton's reagent has
been well documented for over 100 years and has been in use in water treatment plants for
well over 50 years (Barb et al., 1950; Stanton et al., 1996). The chemistry is well documented
(Watts, et al, 1991, 1992 and 1994) to destroy petroleum hydrocarbons and other volatile
organic compounds. Hydrogen peroxide arrives in the field as a liquid stored in poly drums.
When the oxidant hydrogen peroxide (H202) is injected into the subsurface, it decomposes
readily into reactive hydroxyl radicals (OH.), hydroxyl ions (OH-) and water (H20). The

ATC Associates
Page 18
oxidation of a contaminant by hydrogen peroxide involves complex reactions influenced by
a number of variables, including pH, reaction time, temperature, catalysts, and hydrogen
peroxide dosage. Hydrogen peroxide works best in acidic environments with low alkalinity.
There are also a large number of competing reactions including the free radical scavengers,
most importantly, carbonate and bicarbonate alkalinity that will greatly affect the overall
reaction scheme. Although handling hydrogen peroxide and other oxidants requires
significant safety training and planning, the oxidant is effective at remediation and relatively
inexpensive. Forensic chemical analysis from various sites have shown that the hydrogen
peroxide reaction tends to work first on the longer chain carbon sources, including total
organic carbon (TOC), rootlets, heavier -end hydrocarbons, prior to oxidizing the lighter
hydrocarbons.
Technology Selection:
Traditionally, oxidation processes utilize oxidizers, which require no activation such as peroxide,
permanganate, persulfate and ozone, or oxidants which require activation such as Fenton's
Process and activated persulfate. The advantage of activated processes is the evolution of free
radicals, which offer higher oxidation capabilities and a broader spectrum of applicable targeted
compounds. The disadvantages of activation processes and the evolution of free radicals, is the
limited half-lives of these species. The proposed remedial approach utilizes both free radical
chemistry and oxidation chemistry in such a way as to extend the oxidant and free radical
residual, and to further stimulate the biological mineralization of the petroleum compounds
present at the site.
Further, once exhausted, the sulfate ion produced as a consequence of the decomposition of
the persulfate allows for attenuation under sulfate reducing conditions
The contractor, Innovative Environmental Technologies, Inc. (IET), intends to apply three
remedial materials to the subsurface via a patented injection process and apparatus (United
States Patent # 7,044,152) such that the activation processes occur in a controlled manner in -
situ. In a unique application of zero-valent iron metal (2-4 microns in size), the contractor will
activate both the persulfate and the peroxide species in -situ. Typically persulfates are activated
via one of three mechanisms: heat, peroxide or soluble metal species. In the proposed
approach there is limited activation via the evolved heat produced via the interaction of the
peroxide and the iron particles. In addition to the limited heat production produced from the
interaction of the iron and the peroxides, hydroxyl radicals are produced and iron oxides are
formed on the surface of the particles. The peroxide and the metal ions at the iron surface all
serve to activate the persulfate, forming sulfate radicals.

ATC Associates
Page 19
Oxidation Reactions Proposed:
H202 + Fe0 4 Fe+3 + OH + OH'
Fe+3 + H202 -4 Fe+2 + H+ HO2
S208 + Fe0 4 Fe+3 + SO4" + SOQ'
Direct oxidation of NaS208 and H202
Attenuation Process:
Sulfate Residual:
After dissolved oxygen has been depleted in the treatment area, sulfate (by-product of the
persulfate oxidation) may be used as an electron acceptor for anaerobic biodegradation. This
process is termed sufanogenesis and results in the production of sulfide. Sulfate concentrations
may be used as an indicator of anaerobic degradation f fuel compounds. Stoichiometrically,
each 1.0 mg/L of sulfate consumed by microbes results in the•destruction of approximately 0.21
mg/L of BTEX. Sulfate can play an important role in bioremediation of petroleum products,
acting as an electron acceptor in co -metabolic processes as well. As an example of benzene
mineralization under sulfate reduction:
C6H6 + 3.754 SO4z' + 3 H2O —> 2.25 H++ 6HCO3. + 3.75HS-
Ferrous Iron:
Ferric iron is also used as an electron acceptor during anaerobic biodegradation of petroleum
hydrocarbons after sulfate depletion, or sometimes in conjunction with sulfate. During this
process, ferric iron is reduced to ferrous iron which is soluble in water. Ferrous iron may then
be used as an indicator of anaerobic activity. Stoichiometrically, the degradation of 1 mg/L of
BTEX results in the production of approximately 21.8 mg/L of ferrous iron.
The advantages of the approach proposed are:
1) Management and containment of the activating iron species within the treatment area,
2) Evolution of free radicals,
3) Extended residual of persulfate and the sulfate radical in -situ,
4) Attenuation following the exhaustion of the persulfate via Fe+2/Fe+3 interactions and
s04+,
5) In -situ management of sulfate via in -situ precipitation of sulfate iron salts as the in -situ
conditions revert back to a less oxidizing environment.

ATC Associates
Page 20
6) Trans!tioning of the area in which the oxidation ocdirs back to anaerobic will allow for
facultative conversion of the targeted compounds by -way of iron and sulfate reducing
pathways.
Based on the data available, the techniques practiced by Innovative Environmental Technologies,
Inc. and proposed herein are expected to greatly decrease residual concentrations at the site and
greatly accelerate the biological mineralization of both the petroleum constituents and chlorinated
solvents in both the targeted soil and the groundwater of the site.
Critical to the success of the proposed remedial technologies is the successful delivery of the
various materials to the targeted groundwater and soils.

pss1gLE PPSE
J CT)
Dosage Calculations: 15-25 feet bgs
SMWB21V(Uth .CMURLPr7TE. 1EC
Perrnerlaet Ylljeslydn Wens
btpaetr-M Need
Per' voters
T;Ypel Ares
ovocttel. fedi
$oeAOserbsen Cemented," 1st CAC Conatios
titles 0f tnOt4en * of Remed(alnn efet60n(0)
Fulmer ed Number of noct ors to Treet Ares
reit* sepo.qe0 2rne
Tetoet Lone
Total Valerie Targated
Penury
mess of e0 to 04 targeted
4tase e/ ser to 9e %rotted
V04000 of C raandes1er tafoett4
Can4stshare Cone"
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WAS Of Conranrtrsnt -sod'
WAS of Contsneesmi Ts+Oe1ra
Mess of Contumment Targetso
Cakutsred oral tons
Grains of 0202 Repose
the of 62132 Request!
Re* of 520310 t►r0olsd Commons
&MU of sodium oasudets
Pound* Of Sodbra PontAtits Rsotered
Ttroele3 Perrsnb1e"of LVt 0 oos.0Sn*
Pounds of ZVI (3 ,0*o o l moused
11at orepest on Rats of goduo Peraults%
Twilled LOnp411y of Porsuaeie
UV Peraidtate"CM ueSed gossip
ltdes0dn" Natatory
ituot.V of nfectoo ...oaprfrn6
hptsban Doom
Pounds of 2.4 micron LVI
PburWa of Sodom Person**
Pounds of Parses* wean Lone wcy
QMMOS of 50'1r n202
Untie
Ft) Ft,
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bf
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to mor.tone
Ft.
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11
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164
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prams
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11
awnes
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days
Pounds
I*).N!'on Point $wnmaryr . Attesber or eneenaite
Ispoctlan boors 1647'g ie-2i'; 23.26'
Pounds of ZVLper Marva
Pounds of Sodern Posesi* per r teirvo
Pounds et foetus Persuati1l per Merv* r/{ onprvey
G san6 of 2.6'M4 n202 Po mows
Coatiesie Pow ldteetion boat
tx„nst lists 6venI a1
Petahtla et IV1g300oounf required
Pounds et Sodium Pore 13*1. Rwatoreo
Giatio0Ms of 601r 14203 Reduirod
Number of tn$eettorr Pao** tern 6voot
Dogs of byoafi3w Trefrrr
Pae1tdf*
Adialstratner Cost.
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600:60
3260:27
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0.
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Assumptions
4
1037 037037
2177177.770
666711111.t
63000
Cefeurel(one T31Orgtd Compounds
2,63325 Ave MO Mass of Tarpetee Ca0cunsti obi
11143330 Mole.
70,64231256 Mau Mess of n202
33071.0060 MOWS of r1207
33218.14.66 ua11 Mee* or Psrsuff0ae
73.27261306" nodes e10e26200
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2106.126677 1 arpe2e+d Compounds
0..t114 66202
spa 16/20200
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Total
Extended Cost
03:0m8,00
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Sri 7,60
6f..w576.00
6600.00
6126.00

APPENDIX 2:
MSDS DATA SHEETS

MATES L SAFETY DATA SHEET
Hydrogen Peroxide (40 to 60%)
MSDS Ref. No.: 7722-84-1-4
Date Approved: 04/27/2006
Revision No.: 10
This document has been prepared to meet the requirements of the U.S. OSHA Hazard Communicat
Standard, 29 CFR 1910,1200; the Canada's Workplace Hanzard,ous Materials Information. System (
and., the EC Directive, 2001 /58/EC.
1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION -
PRODUCT NAME: Hydrogen Peroxide. (40 to 609/4)
ALTERNATE PRODUCT NAME(S): I)urox® Reg, & I,R 50%, OxypureC 50%, Hi Ox-TG, Hi Ox-SG,
Semiconductor Reg & Seg 50%, Standard 50%, Technical 50(70,
Chlorate Grade 50%,. Super D® OHP 50%, 'CUP -HIP 50%,
HTP 50%, HTP 59%
GENERAL USE: Durex® 50% Reg. and LR - meets the Food Chemical Codex
requirements for aseptic packaging and other food related
applications.
Oxypure® 50%, Hi Ox-TG and Hi Ox-SG - certified by NSF to meet
NSF/ANSI Standard 60 requirements for drinking water treatment.
Semiconductor Reg. & Seg. 50% - conforms to .ACS and Semi
Specs., for wafer etching and cleaning, and applications requiring
low residues.
Standard 50% - most suitable for industrial bleaching, processing,
pollution abatement and general oxidation reactions,
Technical 50%,'/0 - essentially free of inorganic metals, suitable for
chemical synthesis.
Chlorate Grade 50%= - specially formulated. for use in chlorate
manufacture or processing.
Super DO 50% - meets IJS I'harrnacopoeia specifications for 7
topical solutions when diluted with proper quality water. While
tanufactured to the'USP standards or purity and to FMC's
demanding ISO 9002 quality standards, FMC does not claim .that, its
Hydrogen Peroxide is manufactured in accordance with all
pharmaceutical cGMP eon.ditions.
OHP 50% - specially formulated for OHP process, advanced.
oxidation, and activated peroxide applications.
UP-HTP 50% - unstabilize:d product for semi
mdu
applications.

Hydrogen Peroxide (40 to 60%) (7722-84-1-4) Date: 04/27/2006
MANUFACTURER
FMC CORPORATION
FMC Peroxygens
1735 Market Street
Philadelphia, PA 19103
[phone] (General Information)
FMC of Canada Ltd.
FMC Peroxygens
PG Pulp Mill Road
Prince George, BC V2N2S6
[phone] (General Information)
HTP 50% and HTP 59% - specially formulated for aerospace or
other special applications.
SynergOxTM - combination of a proprietary catalyst and 50%
hydrogen peroxide, at the point of use, for environmental
applications.
EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBERS
[phone] (Plant: Pasadena, TX, US - Call Collect)
[phone] (Plant: Prince George, BC, Canada - Call
Collect)
[phone] (Medical - U.S. - Call Collect)
For leak, fire, spill, or accident emergencies, call:
[phone] (CHEMTREC - U.S.A.)
[phone] (CANUTEC - Canada)
2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW:
• Clear, colorless, odorless liquid
• Oxidizer.
• Contact with combustibles may cause fire.
• Decomposes yielding oxygen that supports combustion of organic matters and can cause overpressure
if confined.
• Corrosive to eyes, nose, throat, Iungs and gastrointestinal tract.
POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS: Corrosive to eyes, skin, nose, throat and lungs. May
cause irreversible tissue damage to the eyes including blindness.
3. COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
Chemical Name
CAS#
Wt.%
EC No.
EC Class
Hydrogen Peroxide
7722-84-1
40 - 60
23I-765-0
C; R20/22-34, 0; R8
Water
7732-18-5
40 - 60
231-791-2
Not classified
Page 2 of 11

Hydrogen Peroxide (40 to 60%) (7722-84-1-4) Date: 04/27/2006
4. FIRST AID MEASURES
EYES: Immediately flush with water for at least 15 minutes, lifting the upper and lower eyelids
intermittently. See a medical doctor or ophthalmologist immediately.
SKIN: Immediately flush with plenty of water while removing contaminated clothing and/or shoes, and
thoroughly wash with soap and water. See a medical doctor immediately.
INGESTION: Rinse mouth with water. Dilute by giving 1 or 2 glasses of water. Do not induce
vomiting. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. See a medical doctor immediately.
INHALATION: Remove to fresh air. If breathing difficulty or discomfort occurs and persists,
contact a medical doctor.
NOTES TO MEDICAL DOCTOR: Hydrogen peroxide at these concentrations is a strong
oxidant. Direct contact with the eye is likely to cause corneal damage especially if not washed immediately.
Careful ophthalmologic evaluation is recommended and the possibility of local corticosteroid therapy
should be considered. Because of the likelihood of corrosive effects on the gastrointestinal tract after
ingestion, and the unlikelihood of systemic effects, attempts at evacuating the stomach via emesis induction
or gastric lavage should be avoided. There is a remote possibility, however, that a nasogastric or orogastric
tube may be required for the reduction of severe distension due to gas formation.
5. FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: Flood with water.
FIRE / EXPLOSION HAZARDS: Product is non-combustible. On decomposition releases
oxygen which may intensify fire.
FIRE FIGHTING PROCEDURES: Any tank or container surrounded by fire should be
flooded with water for cooling. Wear full protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus.
FLAMMABLE LIMITS: Non-combustible
SENSITIVITY TO IMPACT: No data available
SENSITIVITY TO STATIC DISCHARGE: No data available
Page 3 of 11

Hydrogen Peroxide (40 to 60%) (7722-84-1-4) Date: 04/27/2006
6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
RELEASE NOTES: Dilute with a large volume of water and hold in a pond or diked area until
hydrogen peroxide decomposes. Hydrogen peroxide may be decomposed by adding sodium metabisulfite
or sodium sulfite after diluting to about 5%. Dispose according to methods outlined for waste disposal.
Combustible materials exposed to hydrogen peroxide should be immediately submerged in or rinsed with
large amounts of water to ensure that all hydrogen peroxide is removed. Residual hydrogen peroxide that is
allowed to dry (upon evaporation hydrogen peroxide can concentrate) on organic materials such as paper,
fabrics, cotton, leather, wood or other combustibles can cause the material to ignite and result in a fire.
7. HANDLING AND STORAGE
HANDLING: Wear chemical splash -type monogoggles and full -face shield, impervious clothing,
such as rubber, PVC, etc., and rubber or neoprene gloves and shoes. Avoid cotton, wool and leather. Avoid
excessive heat and contamination. Contamination may cause decomposition and generation of oxygen gas
which could result in high pressures and possible container rupture. Hydrogen peroxide should be stored
only in vented containers and transferred only in a prescribed manner (see FMC Technical Bulletins).
Never return unused hydrogen peroxide to original container, empty drums should be triple rinsed with
water before discarding. Utensils used for handling hydrogen peroxide should only be made of glass,
stainless steel, aluminum or plastic.
STORAGE: Store drums in cool areas out of direct sunlight and away from combustibles. For bulk
storage refer to FMC Technical Bulletins.
COMMENTS: VENTILATION: Provide mechanical general and/or local exhaust ventilation to
prevent release of vapor or mist into the work environment.
S. EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
EXPOSURE LIMITS
Chemical Name
ACGIH
OSHA
Supplier
Hydrogen Peroxide
1 ppm (TWA)
1 ppm (PEL)
ENGINEERING CONTROLS: Ventilation should be provided to minimize the release of
hydrogen peroxide vapors and mists into the work environment. Spills should be minimized or confined
immediately to prevent release into the work area. Remove contaminated clothing immediately and wash
before reuse.
Page 4 of 11

Hydrogen Peroxide (40 to 60%) (7722-84-1-4) Date: 04/27/2006
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
EYES AND FACE: Use chemical splash -type monogoggles and a full -face shield made
ofpolycarbonate, acetate, polycarbonate/acetate, PETG or thermoplastic.
RESPIRATORY: If concentrations in excess of 10 ppm are expected, use NIOSH/DHHS
approved self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), or other approved atmospheric -supplied
respirator (ASR) equipment (e.g., a full -face airline respirator (ALR)). DO NOT use any form of
air -purifying respirator (APR) or filtering facepiece (AKA dust mask), especially those containing
oxidizable sorbants such as activated carbon.
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: For body protection wear impervious clothing such as
an approved splash protective suit made of SBR Rubber, PVC (PVC Outershell w/Polyester
Substrate), Gore -Tex (Polyester trilaminate w/Gore-Tex), or a specialized HAZMAT Splash or
Protective Suite (Level A, B, or C). For foot protection, wear approved boots made of NBR, PVC,
Polyurethane, or neoprene. Overboots made of Latex or PVC, as well as firefighter boots or
specialized HAZMAT boots are also permitted. DO NOT wear any form of boot or overboots
made of nylon or nylon blends. DO NOT use cotton, wool or leather, as these materials react
RAPIDLY with higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. Completely submerge hydrogen
peroxide contaminated clothing or other materials in water prior to drying. Residual hydrogen
peroxide, if allowed to dry on materials such as paper, fabrics, cotton, leather, wood or other
combustibles can cause the material to ignite and result in a fire.
GLOVES: For hand protection, wear approved gloves made of nit -He, PVC, or neoprene.
DO NOT use cotton, wool or leather for these materials react RAPIDLY with higher
concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. Thoroughly rinse the outside of gloves with water prior to
removal. Inspect regularly for leaks.
9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
ODOR: Odorless
APPEARANCE: Clear, colorless liquid
AUTOIGNITION TEMPERATURE: Non-combustible
BOILING POINT: 110°C (229°F) (40%); 114°C (237°F) (50%)
COEFFICIENT OF OIL / WATER: Not available
DENSITY / WEIGHT PER VOLUME: Not available
EVAPORATION RATE: Above 1 (Butyl Acetate = 1)
FLASH POINT: Non-combustible
FREEZING POINT:-41.4°C (-42.5°F) (40%); -52°C (-62'F) (50%)
ODOR THRESHOLD: Not available
OXIDIZING PROPERTIES: Strong oxidizer
PERCENT VOLATILE: 100%
pH: (as is) </=3.0
SOLUBILITY IN WATER: (in H2O % by wt) 100%
Page 5 of 11

Hydrogen Peroxide (40 to 60%) (7722-84-1-4) Date: 04/27/2006
SPECIFIC GRAVITY:
VAPOR DENSITY:
VAPOR PRESSURE:
COMMENTS:
pH (I% solution) : 5.0 - 6.0
(H20 = 1) 1.15 @ 20°C/4°C (40%); 1.19 @ 20°C/4°C
(50%)
Not available (Air = 1)
22 mmHg @ 30°C (40%); 18.3 mmHg @ 30°C (50%)
10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
CONDITIONS TO AVOID:
STABILITY:
POLYMERIZATION:
Excessive heat or contamination could cause
product to become unstable.
Stable (heat and contamination could cause
decomposition)
Will not occur
INCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS: Reducing agents, wood, paper and other
combustibles, iron and other heavy metals, copper
alloys and caustic.
HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS: Oxygen which supports combustion.
COMMENTS: Materials to Avoid : Dirt, organics, cyanides and combustibles such as wood, paper,
oils, etc.
11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
EYE EFFECTS: 70% hydrogen peroxide: Severe irritant (corrosive) (rabbit) [FMC Study Number:
ICG/T-79.027]
SKIN EFFECTS: 50% hydrogen peroxide: Severe irritant (corrosive) (rabbit) [FMC Study
Number: I89-1079]
DERMAL LD50: 70% hydrogen peroxide: > 6.5 g/kg (rabbit) [FMC Study Number: ICGIr-79.027]
ORAL LD50: 50% hydrogen peroxide: > 225 mg/kg (rat) [FMC Study Number: I86-914]
INHALATION LC50: 50% hydrogen peroxide: > 0.17 mg/1 (rat) [FMC Study Number: I89-1080]
TARGET ORGANS: Eye, skin, nose, throat, lungs
Page 6 of 11

Hydrogen Peroxide (40 to 60%) (7722-84-1-4) Date: 04/27/2006
ACUTE EFFECTS FROM OVEREXPOSURE: Severe irritant/corrosive to eyes, skin
and gastrointestinal tract. May cause irreversible tissue damage to the eyes including blindness. Inhalation
of mist or vapors may be severely irritating to nose, throat and lungs.
CHRONIC EFFECTS FROM OVEREXPOSURE: The International Agency for
Research on Cancer (IARC) has concluded that there is inadequate evidence for carcinogenicity of
hydrogen peroxide in humans, but limited evidence in experimental animals (Group 3 - not classifiable as
to its carcinogenicity to humans). The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
(ACGIH) has concluded that hydrogen peroxide is a Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown
Relevance to Humans' (A3).
CARCINOGENICITY:
Chemical Name
IARC
NTP
OSHA
Other
Hydrogen Peroxide
Not listed
Not listed
Not listed
(ACGIH) Listed (A3,
Animal Carcinogen)
12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
ECOTOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION: Channel catfish 96-hour LC50 = 37.4 mg/L
Fathead minnow 96-hour LC50 = 16.4 mg/L
Daphnia magna 24-hour EC50 = 7.7 mg/L
Daphnia pulex 48-hour LC50 = 2.4 mg/L
Freshwater snail 96-hour LC50 = 17.7 mg/L
For more information refer to ECETOC "Joint Assessment of Commodity Chemicals No. 22, Hydrogen
Peroxide." ISSN-0773-6339, January 1993
CHEMICAL FATE INFORMATION: Hydrogen peroxide in the aquatic environment is
subject to various reduction or oxidation processes and decomposes into water and oxygen. Hydrogen
peroxide half-life in freshwater ranged from 8 hours to 20 days, in air from 10-20 hrs. and in soils from
minutes to hours depending upon microbiological activity and metal contaminants.
13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
DISPOSAL METHOD: An acceptable method of disposal is to dilute with a large amount of
water and allow the hydrogen peroxide to decompose followed by discharge into a suitable treatment
system in accordance with all regulatory agencies. The appropriate regulatory agencies should be
contacted prior to disposal.
14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (DOT)
Page 7 of 11

Hydrogen Peroxide (40 to 60%) (7722-84-1-4) Date: 04/27/2006
PROPER SHIPPING NAME:
PRIMARY HAZARD CLASS / DIVISION:
UN/NA NUMBER:
PACKING GROUP:
LABEL(S):
PLACARD(S):
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
Hydrogen peroxide, aqueous solutions with
more than 40% but not more than 60% •
hydrogen peroxide.
5.1 (Oxidizer)
UN 2014
II
Oxidizer, Corrosive
5.1 (Oxidizer)
DOT Marking: Hydrogen Peroxide,
aqueous solution with more than 40%, but
not more than 60% Hydrogen Peroxide, UN
2014
Hazardous Substance/RQ: Not applicable
49 STCC Number: 4918775
DOT Spec: stainless steel/high purity
aluminum cargo tanks and rail cars. UN
Spec: HDPE drums. Contact FMC for
specific details.
INTERNATIONAL MARITIME DANGEROUS GOODS (INIDG)
PROPER SHIPPING NAME:
Hydrogen peroxide, aqueous solutions with
not less than 20%, but not more than 60%
hydrogen peroxide.
INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION (ICAO) /
INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION (IATA)
PROPER SHIPPING NAME:
Hydrogen peroxide (40 - 60%) is forbidden
on Passenger and Cargo Aircraft, as well as
Cargo Only Aircraft.
OTHER INFORMATION:
Protect from physical damage. Keep drums in upright position. Drums should not be stacked in transit. Do
not store drum on wooden pallets.
15. REGULATORY INFORMATION
UNITED STATES
SARA TITLE III (SUPERFUND AMENDMENTS AND REAUTHORIZATION ACT)
SECTION 302 EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES (40 CFR 355, APPENDIX A):
Page 8 of 11

Hydrogen Peroxide (40 to 60%) (7722-84-1-4) Date: 04/27/2006
Hydrogen Peroxide > 52%, RQ: 1000 lbs. Planning Threshold: 10,000 lbs.
SECTION 311 HAZARD CATEGORIES (40 CFR 370):
Fire Hazard, Immediate (Acute) Health Hazard
SECTION 312 THRESHOLD PLANNING QUANTITY (40 CFR 370):
The Threshold Planning Quantity (TPQ) for this product, if treated as a mixture, is 10,000 lbs;
however, this product contains the following ingredients with a TPQ of less than I0,000 lbs.:
None, (conc. <52%) (hydrogen peroxide, 1000 lbs. when conc is >52%)
SECTION 313 REPORTABLE INGREDIENTS (40 CFR 372):
Not listed
CERCLA (COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSE COMPENSATION AND
LIABILITY ACT)
CERCLA DESIGNATION & REPORTABLE QUANTITIES (RQ) (40 CFR 302.4):
Unlisted (Hydrogen Peroxide); RQ = 100 lbs.; Ignitability, Corrosivity
TSCA (TOXIC SUBSTANCE CONTROL ACT)
TSCA INVENTORY STATUS (40 CFR 710):
Listed
RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND RECOVERY ACT (RCRA)
RCRA IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDOUS WASTE (40 CFR 261):
Waste Number: D001, D002
CANADA
WHMIS (WORKPLACE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INFORMATION SYSTEM):
Product Identification Number: 2014
Hazard Classification / Division: Class C (Oxidizer), Class D, Div. 2, Subdiv. B (Toxic), Class E
(Corrosive)
Ingredient Disclosure List: Listed
INTERNATIONAL LISTINGS
Hydrogen peroxide:
China: Listed
Japan (ENCS): (1)-419
Korea: KE-20204
Philippines (PICCS): Listed
HAZARD, RISK AND SAFETY PHRASE DESCRIPTIONS:
Hydrogen Peroxide, (Index #008-003-00-9):
EC Symbols:
C (Corrosive)
0 (Oxidizer)
Page 9ofI1

Hydrogen Peroxide (40 to 60%) (7722-84-1-4) Date: 04/27/2006
EC Risk Phrases:
EC Safety Phrases:
R20/22 (Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed.)
R34 (Causes burns)
R8 (Contact with combustible material may cause fire)
S1/2 (Keep locked up and out of reach of children.)
S3 (Keep in a cool place.)
S 17 (Keep away from combustible material.)
S26 (In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of
water and seek medical advice)
S28 (After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of water
and soap.)
S36/37/39 (Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face
protection.)
S45 (In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice
immediately - show the label where possible.)
16. OTHER INFORMATION
HIVE'S
Health
3
Flammability
0
Physical Hazard
1
Personal Protection (PPE)
H
Protection = H (Safety goggles, gloves, apron, the use of a supplied air or SCBA respirator is required
in lieu of a vapor cartridge respirator)
HMIS = Hazardous Materials Identification System
• Degree of Hazard Code:
4 = Severe
3 = Serious
2 = Moderate
1 = Slight
0 = Minimal
NFPA
Health
3
Flammability
0
Reactivity
1
Special
OX
SPECIAL = OX (Oxidizer)
NFPA = National Fire Protection Association
Degree of Hazard Code:
Page 10 of 11

Hydrogen Peroxide (40 to 60%) (7722-84-1-4) Date: 04/27/2006
4 = Extreme
3 = High
2 = Moderate
1 = SIight
0 = Insignificant
REVISION SUMMARY:
This MSDS replaces Revision #9, dated April 05, 2005.
Changes in information are as follows:
Section 1 (Product and Company Identification)
Section 16 (Other Information)
Durox, Oxypure, Super D, SynergOx and FMC Logo - FMC Trademarks
© 2006 FMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
NOTE: NFPA Reactivity is 3 - when greater than 52%
FMC Corporation believes that the information and recommendations contained herein (including data and
statements) are accurate as of the date hereof. NO WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR
PURPOSE, WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, OR ANY OTHER WARRANTY, EXPRESSED
OR IMPLIED, IS MADE CONCERNING THE INFORMATION PROVIDED HEREIN. The information
provided herein relates only to the specific product designated and may not be applicable where such
product is used in combination with any other materials or in any process. It is a violation of Federal law to
use this product in a manner inconsistent with its Iabeling. Further, since the conditions and methods of use
are beyond the control of FMC Corporation, FMC Corporation expressly disclaims any and all liability as
to any results obtained or arising from any use of the product or reliance on such information.
Page 11 of 11

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SWEET
KlozurTM
MSDS Ref. No.: 7775-2'7-1 - 1.2
Date Approved: 02/2212005
Revision No.: 1
This document has been prepared to meet the requirements of th-t,S. OSHA Hazard Cornmunicion
Standard, 29 CFR 1910 1.2©©; the Canada's Workplace Hazardous Materials Infonnation System (W}JMIS)
and, the EC Directive, 2001158/EC,
I. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDEi
PRODUCT NAME:
SYNONYMS:
GENERAL USE:
MANUFACTURER.
FMC CORPORATION
Active Oxidants Division
1735 Market Street
Philadelphia, PA 19103
[phone] (General Information)
K1oziirTm
TIFICATION
Sodium Persulfate, Sodium Peroxydisulfate; Disodium
Peroxydisulfate
In situ and ex situ chemical oxidation of contaminants and
compounds of concern for environmental rerediation applicatio
EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBERS
[phone] (CHEMTREC - U.S,)
[phone] (,„Medical. - Call Collect)
2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW:
• White, odorless, crystals
• Oxidizer,
• Decomposes in storage under conditions of moisture (water/wate
release of oxides of sulfur and oxygen that supports combustion.
temperature melt. See Section 10 ("Stability and Reactivity").
r vapor) andlaar excessive heat causing
I3ec:omposition could foam a high
POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS: Airborne persu[fate dust may be irrigating to eyes,
nose, lungs, throat and skin upon contact. Exposure to high levels of persulfate dust may cause difficulty in
breathing in sensitive persons.
Page 1 of 9

Klozurml (7775-27-1-12)
Date: 02/22/2005
3. COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
Chemical Name
CAS#
Wt.%
EC No.
EC Class
Sodium Persulfate
7775-27-1
>99
231-892-1
Not classified as hazardous
4. FIRST AID MEASURES
EYES: Flush with plenty of water. Get medical attention if irritation occurs and persists.
SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water. Get medical attention if irritation occurs and persists.
INGESTION: Rinse mouth with water. Dilute by giving 1 or 2 glasses of water. Do not induce
vomiting. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. See a medical doctor immediately.
INHALATION: Remove to fresh air. If breathing difficulty or discomfort occurs and persists,
contact a medical doctor.
NOTES TO MEDICAL DOCTOR: This product has low oral toxicity and is not irritating to
the eyes and skin. Flooding of exposed areas with water is suggested, but gastric lavage or emesis
induction for ingestions must consider possible aggravation of esophageal injury and the expected absence
of system effects. Treatment is controlled removal of exposure followed by symptomatic and supportive
care.
5. FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: Deluge with water.
FIRE / EXPLOSION HAZARDS: Product is non-combustible. On decomposition releases
oxygen which may intensify fire. Presence of water accelerates decomposition.
FIRE FIGHTING PROCEDURES: Do not use carbon dioxide or other gas filled fire
extinguishers; they will have no effect on decomposing persulfates. Wear full protective clothing and self-
contained breathing apparatus.
FLAMMABLE LIMITS: Non-combustible
SENSITIVITY TO IMPACT: No data available
Page 2 of 9

KloziirTM (7775-27-I-12) Date: 02/22/2005
SENSITIVITY TO STATIC DISCHARGE: Not available
6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
RELEASE NOTES: Spilled material should be collected and put in approved DOT container and
isolated for disposal. Isolated material should be monitored for signs of decomposition (fuming/smoking).
If spilled material is wet, dissolve with large quantity of water and dispose as a hazardous waste. All
disposals should be carried out according to regulatory agencies procedures.
7. HANDLING AND STORAGE
HANDLING: Use adequate ventilation when transferring product from bags or drums. Wear
respiratory protection if ventilation is inadequate or not available. Use eye and skin protection. Use clean
plastic or stainless steel scoops only.
STORAGE: Store (unopened) in a cool, clean, dry place away from point sources of heat, e.g.
radiant heaters or steam pipes. Use first in, first out storage system. Avoid contamination of opened
product. In case of fire or decomposition (fuming/smoking) deluge with plenty of water to control
decomposition. For storage, refer to NFPA Bulletin 430 on storage of liquid and solid oxidizing materials.
COMMENTS: VENTILATION: Provide mechanical general and/or local exhaust ventilation to
prevent release of dust into work environment. Spills should be collected into suitable containers to prevent
dispersion into the air.
8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
EXPOSURE LIMITS
Chemical Name
ACGIFl
OSHA
Supplier
Sodium Persulfate
0.1 mg/m3 (TWA)
ENGINEERING CONTROLS: Provide mechanical local general room ventilation to
prevent release of dust into the work environment. Remove contaminated clothing immediately and wash
before reuse.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
EYES AND FACE: Use cup type chemical goggles. Full face shield may be used.
RESPIRATORY: Use approved dust respirator when airborne dust is expected.
Page 3 of 9

Klozurmf (7775-27-1-12) Date: 02/22/2005
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: Normal work clothes. Rubber or neoprene footwear.
GLOVES: Rubber or neoprene gloves. Thoroughly wash the outside of gloves with soap and
water prior to removal. Inspect regularly for leaks.
9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
ODOR: None
APPEARANCE: White crystals
AUTOIGNITION TEMPERATURE: Not applicable. No evidence of combustion up to 800°C.
Decomposition will occur upon heating.
BOILING POINT: Not applicable
COEFFICIENT OF OIL / WATER: Not applicable
DENSITY / WEIGHT PER VOLUME: Not available
EVAPORATION RATE: Not applicable (Butyl Acetate = I)
FLASH POINT: Non-combustible
MELTING POINT: Decomposes
ODOR THRESHOLD: Not applicable
OXIDIZING PROPERTIES: Oxidizer
PERCENT VOLATILE: Not applicable
pH: typically 5.0 - 7.0 @ 25 °C (1% solution)
SOLUBILITY IN WATER: 73 % @ 25 °C (by wt.)
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 2.6 (H20=1)
VAPOR DENSITY: Not applicable (Air = 1)
VAPOR PRESSURE: Not applicable
10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
CONDITIONS TO AVOID: Heat, moisture and contamination.
STABILITY:
Stable (becomes unstable in presence of heat,
moisture and/or contamination).
POLYMERIZATION: Will not occur
INCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS:
Page 4 of 9
Acids, alkalis, halides (fluorides, chlorides,
bromides and iodides), combustible materials, most
metals and heavy metals, oxidizable materials,
other oxidizers, reducing agents, cleaners, and
organic or carbon containing compounds. Contact

KloziirTM (7775-27-1-12) Date: 02/22/2005
with incompatible materials can result in a material
decomposition or other uncontrolled reactions.
HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS: Oxygen that supports combustion and oxides of
sulfur.
COMMENTS: PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENT: Pumping and transport of Klozur persulfate
requires appropriate precautions and design considerations for pressure and thermal relief.
Decomposing persulfates will evolve large volumes of gas and/or vapor, can accelerate exponentially with
heat generation, and create significant and hazardous pressures if contained and not properly controlled or
mitigated.
Use with alcohols in the presence of water has been demonstrated to generate conditions that require
rigorous adherence to process safety methods and standards to prevent escalation to an uncontrolled
reaction.
11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
EYE EFFECTS: Non -irritating (rabbit) [FMC Study Number: ICG/T-79.029]
SKIN EFFECTS: Non -irritating (rabbit) [FMC Study Number: ICG/T-79.029]
DERMAL LDso: > 10 g/kg [FMC Study Number: ICG/T-79.029]
ORAL LDso: 895 mg/kg (rat) [FMC Study Number: ICGT'-79.029]
INHALATION LC50: 5.1 mg/1 (rat) [FMC I95-2017]
SENSITIZATION: May be sensitizing to allergic persons. [FMC Study Number: ICG/T-79.029]
TARGET ORGANS: Eyes, skin, respiratory passages
ACUTE EFFECTS FROM OVEREXPOSURE: Dust may be harmful and irritating.
May be harmful if swallowed.
CHRONIC EFFECTS FROM OVEREXPOSURE: Sensitive persons may develop
dermatitis and asthma [Respiration 38:144, 1979]. Groups of male and female rats were fed 0, 300 or 3000
ppm sodium persulfate in the diet for 13 weeks, followed by 5000 ppm for 5 weeks. Microscopic
examination of tissues revealed some injury to the gastrointestinal tract at the high dose (3000 ppm) only.
This effect is not unexpected for an oxidizer at high concentrations. [Ref. FMC I90-1151, Toxicologist
1:149, 1981].
Page 5 of 9

Kloziiin" (7775-27-1-12) Date: 02/22/2005
CARCINOGENICITY:
NTP: Not listed
IARC: Not listed
OSHA: Not listed
OTHER: ACGIH: Not listed
12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
ECOTOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION:
Bluegill sunfish, 96-hour LC50 = 771 mg/L [FMC Study I92-1250]
Rainbow trout, 96-hour LC50= 163 mg/L [FMC Study 192-1251]
Daphnia, 48-hour LC50 = 133 mg/L [FMC Study 192-1252]
Grass shrimp, 96-hour LC50 = 519 mg/L [FMC Study I92-1253]
CHEMICAL FATE INFORMATION: Biodegradability does not apply to inorganic
substances.
13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
DISPOSAL METHOD: Dispose as a hazardous waste in accordance with local, state and federal
regulatory agencies.
14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (DOT)
PROPER SHIPPING NAME: Sodium Persulfate
PRIMARY HAZARD CLASS / DIVISION: 5.1 (Oxidizer)
UN/NA NUMBER: UN 1505
PACKING GROUP: III
LABEL(S): 5.1 (Oxidizer)
PLACARD(S): 5.1 (Oxidizer)
MARKING(S): Sodium Persulfate, UN 1505
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: Hazardous Substance/RQ: Not applicable
Page 6 of 9

KlozurTM (7775-27-1-12) Date: 02/22/2005
49 STCC Number: 4918733
This material is shipped in 225 Ib. fiber
drums, 551b. poly bags and 1000 - 2200 Ib.
IBC's (supersacks).
INTERNATIONAL MARITIME DANGEROUS GOODS (INIDG)
PROPER SHIPPING NAME: Sodium Persulfate
INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION (ICAO) /
INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION (IATA)
PROPER SHIPPING NAME: Sodium Persulfate
OTHER INFORMATION:
Protect from physical damage. Do not store near acids, moisture or heat.
15. REGULATORY INFORMATION
UNITED STATES
SARA TITLE III (SUPERFUND AMENDMENTS AND REAUTHORIZATION ACT)
SECTION 302 EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES (40 CFR 355, APPENDIX A):
Not applicable
SECTION 311 HAZARD CATEGORIES (40 CFR 370):
Fire Hazard, Immediate (Acute) Health Hazard
SECTION 312 THRESHOLD PLANNING QUANTITY (40 CFR 370):
The Threshold PIanning Quantity (TPQ) for this product, if treated as a mixture, is I0,000 lbs;
however, this product contains the following ingredients with a TPQ of less than 10,000 lbs.:
None
SECTION 313 REPORTABLE INGREDIENTS (40 CFR 372):
Not listed
CERCLA (COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSE COMPENSATION AND
LIABILITY ACT)
CERCLA DESIGNATION & REPORTABLE QUANTITIES (RQ) (40 CFR 302.4):
Unlisted, RQ = 100 lbs., Ignitability
TSCA (TOXIC SUBSTANCE CONTROL ACT)
TSCA INVENTORY STATUS (40 CFR 710):
Page 7 of 9

KloziirTM (7775-27-1-12) Date: 02/22/2005
Listed
RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND RECOVERY ACT (RCRA)
RCRA IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDOUS WASTE (40 CFR 261):
Waste Number: D001
CANADA
WHMIS (WORKPLACE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INFORMATION SYSTEM):
Product Identification Number: 1505
Hazard Classification / Division: Class C (Oxidizer), Class D, Div. 2, Subdiv. B. (Toxic)
Ingredient Disclosure List: Listed
INTERNATIONAL LISTINGS
Sodium persulfate:
Australia (AICS): Listed
China: Listed
Japan(ENCS): (I)-1131
Korea: KE-12369
Philippines (PICCS): Listed
HAZARD, RISK AND SAFETY PHRASE DESCRIPTIONS:
EC Symbols: (Not classified as hazardous)
EC Risk Phrases: (Not classified as hazardous)
EC Safety Phrases: (Not classified as hazardous)
16. OTHER INFORMATION
HMIS
Health
1
Flammability
0
Physical Hazard
1
Personal Protection (PPE)
J
Protection = J (Safety goggles, gloves, apron & combination dust & vapor respirator)
HMIS = Hazardous Materials Identification System
Degree of Hazard Code:
4 = Severe
Page 8 of 9

KIoziir'm (7775-27-1-12) Date: 02/22/2005
3 = Serious
2 = Moderate
1 = Slight
0 = Minimal
NFPA
Health
1 •
Flammability
0
Reactivity
1
Special
OX
SPECIAL = OX (Oxidizer)
NFPA = National. Fire Protection Association
Degree of Hazard Code:
4 = Extreme
3 = High
2 = Moderate
1 = Slight
0 = Insignificant
REVISION SUMMARY:
New MSDS
Kloziir and FMC Logo - FMC Trademarks
© 2005 FMC Corporation. A1I Rights Reserved.
FMC Corporation believes that the information and recommendations contained herein (including data and
statements) are accurate as of the date hereof. NO WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR
PURPOSE, WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, OR ANY OTHER WARRANTY, EXPRESSED
OR IMPLIED, IS MADE CONCERNING THE INFORMATION PROVIDED HEREIN. The information
provided herein relates only to the specific product designated and may not be applicable where such
product is used in combination with any other materials or in any process. It is a violation of Federal Law to
use this product in a manner inconsistent with its Iabeling. Further, since the conditions and methods of use
are beyond the control of FMC Corporation, FMC Corporation expressly disclaims any and all Liability as
to any results obtained or arising from any use of the product or reliance on such information.
Page 9 of 9

The Chem
Safety data sheet
Carbonyl Iron Powder E1'
Revision date : 2006/04/10 Page: 1/7
Version: 3.0 (30042256/MDS_GEN_US/EN)
1. Substance/preparation and company identification
Company
BASF CORPORATION
100 Campus Drive
Florham Park, NJ 07932
24 Hour Emergency Response information
CHEMTREC: [phone]
BASF HOTLINE: (800) 832-HELP
Molecular formula: FE (Small Quantities C„ N, 0)
Chemical family: metal powder
Synonyms: Carbonyl Iron Powders
2. Composition/information on ingredients
CAS Number Content (W/W1 Chemicgt name
7439-89-6 Carbonyl iron powder
3. Hazard identification
Emergency ova
WARNING: FLAMMABLE. MAY CAUSE EYE, SKIN AND RESPIRATORY TRACT IRRITATION.
INGESTION MAY CAUSE GASTRIC DISTURBANCES.
Use with local exhaust ventilation.
Wear a NIOSH-certified (or equivalent) particulate respirator..
Wear NIOSH-certified chemical goggles.
Wear protective clothing.
Wear chemical resistant protective gloves.
Avoid contact with the skin, eyes and clothing.
Potential health effects
Primary routes of exposure
Routes of entry for solids and liquids include eye and skin contact, ingestion and inhalation. Routes of entry
for gases include Inhalation and eye contact. Skin contact may be a route of entry for liquified gases.
Acute toxicity:
Acute overexposure to iron may result in stupor„ acidosis„ bloody diarrhea and shock
Information on, Carbonyl iron powder
Virtually nontoxic after a single ingestion.
Repeated dose toxicity:
Long-term inhalation of iron results in siderosis, a benign pneurnoconos'is.

_....meµ:
a
The Chemical Company
Safety data sheet
Carbonyl Iron Powder EW
Revision date : 2036/04/10
Version: 3.0
4. First -aid measures
General advice:
Remove contaminated clothing.
Page: 2/7
(30042256/M DS_G EN_US/EN)
If inhaled:
Remove the affected individual into fresh air and keep the person calm. Assist in breathing if necessary.
Immediate medical attention required.
If on skin:
Wash thoroughly with soap and water..
If irritation develops, seek medical attention.
If in eyes:
Wash affected eyes for at least 15 minutes under running water with eyelids held open, If irritation develops,
seek medical attention.
If swallowed:
Rinse mouth and then drink plenty of water.
Seek medical attention.
5. Fire -fighting measures
Autoignition
Flammability:
Suitable extinguishing media:
water spray
Unsuitable exti
carbon dioxide
> 150 °C
Highly flammable,
hing media for safety reasons:
Additional information:
Avoid whirling up the material/product because of the danger of dust explosion..
Protective equipment for fire -fighting:
Firefighters should be equipped with self-contained breathing apparatus and turn -out gear.
Further information:
The degree of risk is governed by the burning substance and the fire conditions. Contaminated extinguishing
water must be disposed of in accordance with official regulations.
NFPA Hazard codes:
Health : 1 Fire: 3
Reactivity: Ci Special:
6. Accidental release measures
Personal precautions:
Avoid dust formation. Use personal protective clothing.

The Chem I Company
Safety data sheet
CarboryI Iron Powder E''
Revision date : 2006/04/10
Version: 3.0
Environmental precautions:
Do not discharge into drains/surface waters/groundwater.
Cleanup:
Do not vacuum up powder.
For large amounts: Dampen, pick up mechanically and dispose of.
For residues: Dampen, pick up mechanically and dispose of.
Page: 3/7
42256/ivlD GEN US/EN}
7. Handling and storage
Handling
General advice:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
clothing and equipment.
ar suitable personal p
Protection against fire and explosion:
Fine dust of the product is capable of dust explosion. Avoid ail sources of ignition: heat, sparks, open flame.
Electrostatic discharge may cause ignition. Ground all transfer equipment properly to prevent electrostatic
discharge.
Storagq
General advice:
Keep away from heat. Keep container tightly closed.
Storage incompatibility:
General: Segregate from acids Segregate from oxidants.
8. Exposure controls and persona protection
Advice on system design:
Provide local exhaust ventilation to control dust.
Personal protective equipment
Respiratory protection:
Wear a Nl©SH-certified (or equivalent) particulate respirator. Co not exceed the maximum use concentration
for the respirator facepiece/cartridge combination.
Hand protection:
Chemical resistant protective gloves
Eye protection:.
Safety glasses with side -shields.
General safety and hygiene measures:
Wear protective clothing as necessary to minimize contact. Avoid inhalation of dust. Wash soiled clothing
immediately.

The Chemici Corri
y
Safety data. sheet
Carbonyl Iron Powder EW
Revision date : 2006/04/10
Versions 3.0
9. Physical and chemical properties
Page: 4/7
(30442256/MDS_GEN_US/EN)
Form: powder
Odour: faint odour
Colour; grey
Information on: Iron
Melting point 1,535 °C Literature data,
Information on: Iron
Boiling point: 2,75 °C
Density: 7.8 gicm3
Bulk density: 2,500 - 3,500
kg/m3
Solubility in water:
Literature data,
( 20 °'C) Literature data
insoluble
10. Stability and reactivity
Minimum 'ignition energy:
3-1©mJ
Inductivity: 1 mH
Conditions to avoid:
Avoid ali sources of ignition: heat, sparks, open flame. Avoid electro-static charge. Avoid dust formation.
Substances to avoid:
acids
Hazardous reactions:
Dust explosion hazard. Contact with acids liberates hydrogen gas
Decomposition products:
No hazardous decomposition products if stored and handled as prescrdbedfind cated.
Corrosion to metals:
No corrosive effect on metal,
1. Toxicological inforrtrrt tt'on
Oral:
oration on: Carbonyl iron powder
0/rat: > 5,000 mg/kg
Carcinogen'city:
Information on: Carbonyl iron powder
In the majority of the short term assays the substance caused no carcinogenic effects.,

The Chemical Company
Safety data sheet
Carbonyl Iron Powder EW
Revision date 2006/04/10
Version: 10
Page: 5/7
30 2256/M DS_GE NUS/EN)
12. Ecological information
Inorganic product which cannot be eliminated from water by biological
purification processes,
Can be eliminated mechanically.
Information on: Carbonyl iron powder
The product will not be readily bioavailable due to its consistency and insolubility in water,
Accumulation in organisms is not to be expected.
Information on: Carbonyl iron powder
Acute and prolonged toxicity to fish:
DIN 38412 Part 15 static
golden orfe/LC50 (96 h): > 10,000 mg/1
Nominal concentration.
13. Disposal considerations
Waste disposal of substance:
Dispose of in a licensed facility.
Dispose of in accordance with national, state and local regulations
Container disposal:
Contaminated packaging should be emptied as far as possible; then it can be passed on for recycling after
being thoroughly cleaned,
14. Transport information
Land transport
USDOT
Proper shipping nameMETAL POWDER, SELF -HEATING, N,O.S, (contains CARBONYL IRON
POWDER)
Hazard class: 4 2
ID -number: UN 3189
Packing group 11
Sea transport
IMDG
Proper shipping name METAL POWDER, SELF -HEATING, N.O.S. (contains CARBONYL IRON
POWDER)
Hazard class: 4.2
ID -number: UN 3189
Packing group: 11

The Chemical Company
Safety data sheet
Carbonyl Iron Powder EW
Revision date 2006/04/10
Version: 3:0
Marine pollutant:
Air transport
IATNICAO
NO
42256
Page: 6/7
EN US/EN)
Proper shipping name: METAL POWDER, SELF -HEATING, N.O.S. contains (CARBONYL IRON
POWDER)
Hazard class: 4,2
ID -number: UN 3189
Packing group: 11
15. Regulatory information
Federal Requl tions
Registration status;
TSCA, US
OSHA hazard category: Skin and/or eye irritant, Flammable Solid
released / listed
SARA hazard categories (EPCRA 312): Acute, Fire
16. Other information
HMIS III rating
Health: 1 Flammability: 3
Physical hazard: 0
HMIS uses a numbering scale ranging from 0 to 4 to indicatethe degree of hazard, A value of zero means that the
substance possesses essentially no hazard; a rating of four indicates high hazard.
Local contact information
[e-mail]

The Chemical Co parry
Safety data sheet
Carbonyl Iron Powder EW
Revision date : 2006/04/10 Page; 7/7
Version: 3.0 (300422561MDS_GEN_USIEN)
IMPORTANT: WHILE THE DESCRIPTIONS, DESIGNS, DATA AND INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN
ARE PRESENTED IN GOOD FAITH AND BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE , IT IS PROVIDED FOR YOUR
GUIDANCE ONLY. BECAUSE MANY FACTORS MAY AFFECT PROCESSING OR APPLICATION/USE,
WE RECOMMEND THAT YOU MAKE TESTS TO DETERMINE THE SUITABILITY OF A PRODUCT FOR
YOUR PARTICULAR PURPOSE PRIOR TO USE, NO WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER
EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE, ARE. MADE REGARDING PRODUCTS DESCRIBED OR DESIGNS, DATA OR
INFORMATION SET FORTH„ OR THAT THE PRODUCTS, DESIGNS„ DATA OR INFORMATION MAY BE
USED WITHOUT INFRINGING THE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS OF OTHERS. IN NO CASE
SHALL THE DESCRIPTIONS, INFORMATION, DATA OR DESIGNS PROVIDED BE CONSIDERED A
PART OF OUR TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE. FURTHER, YOU EXPRESSLY UNDERSTAND AND
AGREE THAT THE DESCRIPTIONS, DESIGNS, DATA, AND INFORMATION FURNISHED BY BASF
HEREUNDER ARE GIVEN GRATIS AND BASF ASSUMES NO OBLIGATION OR LIABILITY FOR THE
DESCRIPTION, DESIGNS, DATA AND INFORMATION GIVEN OR RESULTS OBTAINED„ ALL SUCH
BEING GIVEN AND ACCEPTED AT YOUR RISK,
END OF DATA SHEET

APPENDIX 3:
CASE STUDIES

Former Gasoline Terminal- Northwestern PA
Project Summarv:
The subject site is a former gasoline terminal located outside of Erie, Pennsylvania. The
site has historically had groundwater and soil contamination with free product present
due to historic petroleum spills. The site was contaminated with. BTEX and varying
levels of free product. The in -situ injection program targeted these compounds as well as
the free product with advanced chemical oxidation technologies including a combination
of sodium persulfate and hydrogen peroxide, activated by zero valent iron. A total of 70
injection points were utilizedto treat a total of 10,775 square feet from 8-17 feet bgs.
The geology at the site is primarily silty clay with some gravel, sand, and shale
fragments.
Remediation Flan
The remedial approach taken at the site utilizes both free radical chemistry, oxidation
chemistry and facultative biological oxidation in such a way as to extend the oxidant and
free radical residuals while enhancing the in -situ environment such that it is suitable for
biologically based attenuation. LET applied three remedial materials to the subsurface via
a patented injection process and apparatus (United States Patent # 7,044,152) such that
the activation processes occur in a controlled manner in -situ. In a unique application of
zero-valent iron metal, IET. activated both the persulfate and the peroxide species in -situ,
affecting the oxidation and biological remedial processes in a single injection process.
The first phase, oxidation, oxidizes the majority of dissolved and sorbed targeted
compounds. The second phase, biological attenuation, polishes and maintains the
achieved treatment goals.
Results
The remedial goal at the site was to achieve site specific groundwater concentrations and
remove free product. Six months after the injection event, all of the groundwater
concentrations were not only below their site specific health standards but also below
their statewide health standards. No free product is present at the site. The initial
increases in benzene concentrations due to the homogenization of the subsurface have
decreased to baseline sampling event results or below with the most heavily contaminated
monitoring well, MW-7, currently having no analyzed petroleum compounds above their
laboratory detection limits. The site has reached closure less than 9 months after the
injection event. ov,vqrvocs

VA
T
NOj (
Technology 1)lscussion and Data Evaluation
to
Envital Consultant
For
Former Gas Station
Central NY
October 2010
Innovative Environmental Technologies, Inc.
6130 Kit Road
Pipersville, PA 18947
[phone]

Executive Summary:
Chemical oxidation was used to degrade benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene
(BTEX) compounds present in soil and groundwater at a site in Central New York during
the days of October 28th and 29th, 2009. Utilization. of free radical chemistry, oxidation
chemistry and facultative biological oxidation was implemented in such a way as to
extend the oxidant and free radical residuals while enhancing the in -situ environment so
that it is suitable for biologically based attenuation. The two phase program effectively
introduces the remedial chemicals sodium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide and zero-valent
iron (ZVI) directly into the soil and groundwater using direct push technologies, and
retractable injection points through which the remedial materials were pumped into the
targeted zones. Phase one of the degradation program targeted ETEX compounds via
hydroxyl and sulfate free radicals, the second utilized the decomposition products of the
phase one reactions to effect facultative biological activity. A. modified Fenton's
chemistry and persulfate chemistry was integrated at the site, utilizing zero-valent iron as
a catalyst for both reactions. A year after the injection. event, the biological stage of the
remedial event is dominating.
The 39 inject ion events were distributed to the subsurface via alphanumeric points. The
programs were designed to influence an approximate area of 9,225 sq. ft. and over att
eight foot vertical zone. A site map with the treatment areas is included, elow.

The mechanisms employed by IET in the injection process utilized compressed air
followed by the remedial liquid introduction. The liquid injection was accomplished via
a double diaphragm pump. As a result of the injection process, the preexisting pore
volume is displaced both laterally and vertically. The transient elevation in groundwater
and the rapid radial movement of those waters often results in an increase in the
concentration of the targeted compounds,. such as BTEX and other aromatic hydrocarbon
concentrations. The overall effect is an in -situ mixing and homogenization of the
subsurface conditions.
An evaluation of the analytical data and field parameters from the third sampling event
following the injection event indicates that the remedial program was successful in
altering the geochemistry at the site and stimulating biological activity. The results from
the direct oxidation phase of the remedial program are unknown, however, due to the
length of time between the oxidation event and the first sampling event as the subsurface
conditions were already reducing. Based on the concentrations seen at the site,
concentrations likely increased during the initial three month following the oxidation
event, as can be seen in monitoring point RW-2, and have begun to decrease with the
ongoing biological mineralization.
An evaluation of the VOC analytical data and field parameters is discussed below:
Data Analysis:
The remedial liquids were injected into 39 points via direct push technologies. Two
intervals between 10 and 18 feet below ground surface (bgs) were used to inject the
liquids into the targeted media affecting a radius of 7-10 feet for each point. The targeted
area included 9,225 sq ft. over an 8 ft. vertical zone. Total VOC concentrations
decreased from the baseline sampling event in all monitoring points except for RW-2 and
MW-3. The late October 2009 injections were successful in influencing the
geochemistry within the targeted area, and have as a result, decreased the total
concentration of VOCs present within the contaminant plume. The concentration of total
VOCs has decreased by 56% site wide in the year following the remedial event. A
discussion of the injection's impact on each monitoring point follows.
MW-1
Six compounds remain above the NYSDEC groundwater standards; benzene,
ethylbenzene, isopropylbenzene, n-propylbenzene, total xylenes, and I,2,4-
trimethylbenzene. The concentration of benzene has decreased slightly from the baseline
sampling event, but has remained elevated at 130 µ g/L, above the standard of 1 µg/L.
The concentration of ethylbenzene has increased in MW-1 from 59 µg/L in October 2009
to 120 µg/L in October 2010. The largest decrease in contaminant concentration came
from total xylenes which decreased 85% from 120 µg/L to 16 jig/L.
The geochemical parameters sampled indicate that conditions are ideal for biological
attenuation, even though the concentrations of some compounds, namely benzene and

ethylbenzene, are not decreasing significantly at . Iron is still present in MVIW'-1,
existing mostly in the ferrous oxidation state (Fez), indicating that a reducing
environment is present. Sulfate concentrations remain elevated with a concentration of
840 mg/L. The pH remains neutral at 6.81 and the redox potential is negative with a
recorded value of -100 m.V in October 2010. The pH has dropped since the first post -
injection value of 7.57 indicating that biological activity is occurring in the vicinity of
M W-1.
The concentration of total VOCs has decreased by 29`�/0 in the year since the injection
event. Subsurface conditions are ideal for biological attenuation. It is expected that the
concentration of VOCs, especially those more readiiy degraded biologically such as
xylene, will decrease, A graph of the VOCs sampled is located below.
M1- VOC Analrtical Data
14
S/25/2009 10/14/2009 1/22/20101 3/13/2010 5/2,/2010 6/21/2010 8/10/2010 9/29/2010 11/118,/2010
Sampte ©ate
MW-2
The concentration of total VOCs has deeasedsignificantly in MW-2 from 2,1.36.67
µg/L in October 2009 to 11.6.21 µg/L,in October 2010. Benzene has decreased
drastically from 1,300 µg/LL to 27 144L in the year following the retnedial. event, a
reduction of 94.5%. Five compounds, however, remain above the NYSDEC groundwater
standard; benzene, isopropyibenzene, n-propyylbenzene, total xylenes, and 12,4-
trhrethylbenzene. The current concentration of all of these compounds is significantly
less than the baseline sampling results.

Biological attenuation continues to be occurring at MW-2 and geochemi.cal parameters
continue to indicate that ideal conditions exist, however the concentration of electron
acceptors in the vicinity of MW-2 appears to be continuing to be a limiting factor. The
concentration of sulfate continues to decrease from the first post -remedial sampling event
result of 2,059 rn,g/L and is currently recorded at 193 mg/L. This concentration will
allow for biological attenuation to continue for another quarter, but should be evaluated at
that time to decrease the need for additional emplacement of materials. Iron
concentrations continue to decrease, however the concentration of ferric iron has
increased during the October 2010 sampling event. The increase in redox potential from
the June 2010 value of -153 mV to the October 2010 value of -91 mV supports that
information. The pH remains neutral at 6.62.
A graph of the VOCs present in. MW-2 is located below.
MW-2 VOCs
4
MW-3
AA*. Ethyl be Nerio
"^�31 rr4Propylberue rce
a 1r.„4-Tr€methyl benzene
11/10/2010 9/29/2010 11(°15/2 1G
The concentrations of all but one compound are currently below the NYSDEC
groundwater standard. The concentration of MTBE is currently recorded at 11 µ<g/L,
above the standard of 1.0 pig/L. The concentration of iron and sulfate remain elevated in
MW-3, indicating that the geochemistry is still conducive to biological attenuation. The
pH remains mostly neutral at 6.25 and the redox potential is reducing at -82. mV.
Additional remedial activities are not needed in the vicinity of MW-3 due to the high
concentration of electron acceptors such as sulfate and the low. concentration of VOCs.

MW-4
The concentration of total VOCs in the vicinity of MW-4 have decreased by 53.4% since
the baseline sampling event, however most of the compounds sampled remain above their
NYSDEC groundwater standard. The location of monitoring well MW-4 on the
perimeter of the oxidation event may be contributing to the slower rate of biological
attenuation, however the decrease in contaminates such as benzene (reduced 55%) and
total xylenes (reduced 70.5%) indicate that biological activity continues to occur. A
second injection event will most likely be necessary to further reduce these
concentrations to at or below their NYSDEC standards.
Sulfate concentrations have continued to decrease in MW-4 and currently measured at
339 mg/L during the October 2010 sampling event. The concentration of sulfate is
elevated enough to supply enough electron acceptors for at least one more quarterly
sampling event, however, a second injection event is likely to supplement both the sulfate
concentrations and the iron concentrations that have also decreased significantly. The
concentration of total iron is currently measured at 24.4 mg/L with a dissolved iron
concentration of 23 mg/L. This concentration is reduced heavily from the post -remedial
sampling event in February with a value of 137 mg/L. The pH and redox potential
remain ideal for biological attenuation at 6.67 pH units and -106 mV.
A graph of the sampled VOCs in MW-4 is located below.

-�M•kihylheniene
%yVenes,E©Iaf
— 7„2,4-tr irnethylbe rue ne
0 i..
e/25/409 10/14/2009 12/3/2009 1/22/2010 3/10/2010 5/2/2010 0/21/2010 8/10/22010 9/29/2610 11/16/2610
Sample Date
Total VOCs have decreased by 71%. in the year following the injection event, however
six compounds remain above their NYSDEC groundwater standards; benzene,
ethylbenzene, isopropylbenzene, n-propylbenzene, total xylenes, and 1,2,4
trimethylbenzene. Benzene has decreased significantly from 200 lig/L to 17 1ig/L in the
year following the injection event, a decrease of 91 %. The concentration should continue
to decrease, however the rate of reduction will continue to be retarded due to the low
concentration of electron acceptors present. The concentrations of total xylenes and
1,2,4-trirnethylbenzene has decreased significantly through biological attenuation, 76%
and 86%, respectively.
Sulfate concentrations in RW-1 remain the lowest at the site with a current concentration
of 42..1 rngiL. Iron concentrations are also depressed with a current total iron
concentration of 13.7 mg/L. The current concentrations of sulfate and iron will limit the
rate and continuation of biological attenuation in the vicinity of RWW-1. The
concentrations will possibly allow for biological attenuation to continue for another
quarter, however the rate of reduction will most likely decrease. The pH and redox
potential remain ideal for attenuation with a pH of 6.81 and a redox potential of-104 rnV.
A second injection event should occur in the vicinity of RW-1 and should contain both
sodium persulfate and zero valent iron in 4 to 8 months.
A graph of VOCs in RW-1 is located bel

RW-1 VOCs
5t0
400
_ 4..•Benzene
41w'€thxl4enzeree
Xyk ne s, t�taV
'W^04,4.,1,14-Trimethyfhenzene
8/25/2009 10/14,/2009 12,/3/2009 1/22/2010 3/13/2010 5/2f2010 E/21/2010 9/10/2010 9/29/20I0
.Sample Date
RW-2
Total VOC concentrations have remained above the baseline concentration of 320 pa/IL
during the October 2009 sampling event, however the total VOC concentration has
decreased by 74% from the February 201.0 post -remedial sampling event. Most
compounds sampled were above their NYSI)EC groundwater standard. Significant
decreases from the February 2010 sampling event have occurred, namely in the
concentrations of total xylenes and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene which have decreased by 87%
and 71%, respectively,. Benzene and ethylbenzene concentrations have been reduced by
at least 50%.
Biological attenuation may begin to slow in RW-2 based on the sulfate and iron
concentrations, however these concentrations were depressed during the June 201.0
sampling event and the concentration of total VOCs decreased 59% over those four
months, Based on that information, biological attenuation should occur in the vicinity of
RW-2 during the next quarter of groundwater sampling. The concentration of sulfate is
currently at 1.71 mg/L. The concentration oftotal and dissolved iron is also low, however
the concentration of ferric iron remains elevated as compared to other monitoring wells
which will continue to provide electron acceptors for biological activity. The pl{ is
currently measured at 6.68 and the redox potential is reducing at -112 mV. Geochemical
parameters indicate that the subsurface is still ideal for biological attenuation,

A graph of the current VOC concentrations is located below.
RW-2 VOCs
.006. 1,ZA.Trirnethyipeneene
ado• Naphthale rag
8/25/2009 10/14/2009 12/3/2009 1/22/2010 3/13/2010 5/2/2010 6/21/2010 8/10/2010 9/29/2.010 108/2010
Sample Date
Total VOC concentrations have decreased 64% in RW-3 since the injection event with
significant decreases in benzene and 1.,2,4-trimethyibenzene concentrations seen. Seven
compounds remain above their NYSDEC groundwater standard, however most
compounds have continued to decrease in concentration.
Biological attenuation may begin to slow in RW-3 based on the sulfate concentration,
which has continued to decrease during the last quarterly sampling event. The
concentration of iron, however, has increased since the June 2010 sampling event with a
current concentration of 37.6 mg/L. The pH and redox potential remain. ideal for
biological attenuation at 6.56 pH units and -104 mV, The current concentration of sulfate
is too low to sustain long-term biological attenuation but should allow for another quarter
of biological activity, when coupled with the field parameters and the concentration of
iron.
A graph of the VOCs present in RW-3 is located below.

V2512009 10/14/2009 ,12/3/2009 112:f2C+10
Conclusions and Recommendations:
6/21/2010 s/10/2010 9/29/2010
The concentrations of VOCs across the site haveaveraged a significant decrease in
concentration, with total VOC concentrations decreasing by 56% across the site, as seen
in the graph below. Biological. attenuation appears to be occurring at a fast rate in many
of the monitoring wells, with the exception of MW-3 that currently has a total VOC
concentration of 12.8 µg/L.

MW-1
Figure 5: Total STARS VOC Concentrations
MW,2
MW-3..
MW-4
RW-1
RW-2
RW-3
113/202DR9
1 2/24/2010
6/23.12010
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