20201357 Ver 1_Draft Mitigation Plan_20210325

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ID#* 20201357 Version* 1
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Erin Davis
Initial Review Completed Date 03/26/2021
Mitigation Project Submittal -3/25/2021
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Catherine Manner [e-mail]
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.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
ID#:* 20201357 Version:*1
Existing ID## Existing Version
Project Type: r DMS C•' Mitigation Bank
Project Name: Starker Mitigation Project
County: Catawba
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WATER & LAND
SOLUTIONS
March 19, 2021
US Army Corps of Engineers:Wilmington District
Raleigh Regulatory Field Office
Attn: Kim Browning
3541 Carolyn Drive
Raleigh, NC 27604
RE: WLS Catawba 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank-Starker Mitigation Project Draft Mitigation Plan and
Umbrella Mitigation Banking Instrument
Dear Ms. Kim Browning:
Please find attached to this letter a hard copy of the Starker Draft Mitigation Plan and an unsigned
Umbrella Mitigation Banking Instrument for the WLS Catawba 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank. We are
sending these files to start the 30-day completeness review. Please email me when WLS can upload a
copy to RIBITS.
We are excited about this project and look forward to working with you and other IRT members on this
project.
If you need any additional information, please contact me directly.
Sincerely,
Catherine Manner
Project Manager
7721 Six Forks Rd., Suite 130
Raleigh, NC 27615
Mobile Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
waterlandsolutions.com I 7721 Six Forks Rd, Ste 130, Raleigh, NC 27615 I 919-614-5111

Draft Mitigation Plan
Starker Mitigation Project
WLS Catawba 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank
Catawba County, North Carolina
Private Commercial Mitigation Bank for
Stream and Riparian Wetland Compensatory Mitigation Credits
Catawba River Basin, HUC 03050101
Warm Water Thermal Regime
USACE Action ID Number: SAW-2020-01540
Prepared for:
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Wilmington District
69 Darlington Avenue
Wilmington, North Carolina 28403-1343
Prepared by:
4 WATER & LAND SOLUTIONS
7721 SIX FORKS ROAD, SUITE 130, RALEIGH, NC 27615
[phone] I waterlandsolutions.com
March 2021

Table of Contents
1 Introduction 6
1.1 Background 6
1.2 Bank Sponsor 6
1.3 Mitigation Goals and Objectives 6
2 Bank Establishment and Operation 7
2.1 Site Selection 7
2.2 Service Area 8
2.3 Site Protection Instrument 8
2.4 Watershed Need and Feasibility 8
3 Baseline Information 9
3.1 Watershed Characterization 9
3.1.1 Surface Water Classification 9
3.1.2 Jurisdictional WOTUS 9
3.1.3 NC SAM and NC WAM 9
3.2 Land Use and Development Trends 10
3.3 Landscape Characteristics 10
3.3.1 Physiography and Geology 10
3.3.2 Soils 10
3.3.3 Climate 11
3.3.4 Existing Vegetation 11
3.4 Existing Stream Conditions 13
3.4.1 Geomorphic Assessment 13
3.4.2 Existing Reach Descriptions 14
3.4.3 Sediment Supply, Delivery and Storage 17
3.5 Potential Site Constraints 17
3.5.1 Existing Easements on the Site 17
3.5.2 Utility Corridors within the Site 18
3.5.3 Mineral or Water Rights Assurance 18
3.5.4 FEMA Floodplain Compliance and Hydrologic Trespass 18
3.5.5 Invasive Species Vegetation 18
3.5.6 Potential Future Land-Use 18
3.6 Regulatory Considerations 19
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3.6.1 Cultural Resources 19
3.6.2 Threatened and Endangered Species 19
3.6.3 Conditions Affecting Hydrology 19
3.6.4 Adjacent Land Use 20
4 Functional Uplift Potential 20
4.1.1 Restoration Potential and Project Benefits Summary 21
5 Determination of Credits 23
5.1 Proposed Mitigation Credit Types 23
5.2 Credit Release Schedule 23
6 Mitigation Work Plan 24
6.1 Design Approach 24
6.2 Design Criteria Selection 26
6.2.1 Stream Design Reach Summary 28
6.3 Flow Regime 30
6.3.1 Regional Curve Comparison 31
6.3.2 Channel Forming Discharge 32
6.3.3 Channel Stability and Sediment Transport Analysis 34
6.4 Reference Sites 36
6.4.1 Reference Streams 36
6.5 Water Quality Treatment Features 37
6.6 Revegetation Plan 37
6.6.1 Planting Materials and Methods 38
6.7 Site Construction Methods 39
6.7.1 Site Grading and Construction Elements 39
6.7.2 Stream, Wetland and Floodplain Improvement Features 40
6.7.3 Construction Feasibility 40
6.7.4 Future Project Risks and Uncertainties 40
7 Maintenance Plan 41
8 Performance Standards 42
8.1 Streams 42
8.2 Vegetation 43
8.3 Invasive Species 43
9 Monitoring Plan 44
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9.1 Stream Monitoring 44
9.1.1 Hydrologic Monitoring 44
9.1.2 Geomorphic Monitoring 44
9.1.3 Flow Duration Monitoring 45
9.2 Vegetation Monitoring 46
9.3 Visual Assessment Monitoring 47
10 Long-Term Management Plan 48
11 Adaptive Management Plan 49
12 Financial Assurances 49
13 References 51
Tables
Table 1. Parcel Ownership Information 8
Table 2. NCSAM/NCWAM Summary 10
Table 3. Existing Project Site Vegetation 12
Table 4. Reach Watershed Drainage&Jurisdictional Status for Project Reaches 13
Table 5. Existing Channel Morphology Summary 14
Table 6. Function-Based Goals and Objectives Summary 20
Table 7. Project Benefits Summary 22
Table 8. Proposed Stream Mitigation Credits (SMCs) 23
Table 9. Credit Release Schedule 24
Table 10. Proposed Design Parameters 27
Table 11. Flow Level and Ecological Role 31
Table 12. North Carolina Rural and Urban Piedmont Regional Curve Equations 31
Table 13. Design Discharge Analysis Summary 33
Table 14. Boundary Shear Stress and Stream Power 35
Table 15. Reference Reach Data Comparison 37
Table 16. Proposed Riparian Buffer Bare Root Plantings 38
Table 17. Proposed Riparian Buffer Permanent Seeding 39
Table 18. Routine Maintenance Components 42
Table 19. Proposed Monitoring Plan Summary 48
Table 20. Financial Assurances 50
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Figures
Figure 1 Project Location Map
Figure 2 Service Area Map
Figure 3 USGS Topographic Quad Map
Figure 4 NRCS Soils Map
Figure 5 LiDAR Map
Figure 6 FEMA Floodplain Map
Figure 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d Historic Aerial Map
Figure 8 Existing Conditions Map
Figure 9 Proposed Mitigation Map
Figure 10 Proposed Monitoring Map
Appendices
Appendix A Design Plan Sheets
Appendix B Existing Conditions Information
Appendix C Site Analysis Data
Appendix D Site Protection Instrument
Appendix E USACE Assessment Forms
Appendix F WOTUS Information
Appendix G Agency Correspondence
Appendix H Site Photographs
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1 Introduction
1.1 Background
Water & Land Solutions, LLC (WLS) is submitting this mitigation plan for the Starker Mitigation Project
("Project") under the WLS Catawba 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank ("Bank"). The proposed Bank is being
developed as a private commercial umbrella mitigation bank to allow for the addition of future mitigation
sites located in the Catawba River Basin, 8-digit Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) 03050101 (Figure 2). The
purpose of the Bank is to provide stream and wetland mitigation credits to compensate for unavoidable
impacts to Waters of the U.S. authorized under sections 401 and 404 of the Clean Water Act, Section 10
of the Rivers and Harbors Act, and all applicable state statutes. The Project is providing 9,656.73 warm
thermal regime stream mitigation credits and 29.91 acres of easement that will be protected in
perpetuity.
This mitigation plan was prepared in accordance with C.F.R. §332.1-8 (2008), Compensatory Mitigation
for Losses of Aquatic Resources, and was based on current United States Army Corps of Engineers —
Wilmington District (USACE) Guidance, which is subject to the approval of the USACE District Engineer
(DE) in consultation with the North Carolina (NC) Inter-Agency Review Team (IRT).
1.2 Bank Sponsor
WLS will serve as the Bank Sponsor for the WLS Catawba 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank, Starker Mitigation
Site.The contact information for the sponsor is listed below:
Water& Land Solutions, LLC
Attn: Adam V. McIntyre
7721 Six Forks Rd, Suite 130
Raleigh, NC 27615
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
1.3 Mitigation Goals and Objectives
The Project mitigation goals are to provide numerous water quality and ecological benefits within the Lyle
Creek sub-basin and Catawba River watersheds. Major goals for the Catawba River basin, as described in
the Catawba River Basin Restoration Priorities (RBRP; NCEEP, 2007, amended 2013) include: 1) improved
management of stormwater runoff to Crowder and Catawba creeks, 2) protection of the critical water
supply reservoirs in the region and their immediate riparian zones, and 3) land protection for important
natural and cultural resource sites including the Bunker Hill bridge over Lyle Creek.The Project will:
• Restore aquatic habitats that are currently degraded by cattle access and bank erosion.
• Improve water quality by excluding cattle.
• Restore riparian buffers.
• Stabilize streams that are part of a WS-IV watershed.
• Serve to continue existing water quality initiatives that are on-going in the watershed.
• Enhance/restore riparian wetlands by reconnecting the stream to its historic floodplain.
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In the Catawba River Basin wide Water Quality Plan (NCDWQ, 2010), the Lyle Creek Watershed
(03050101140010, Figure 1) is specified for protection efforts that include headwater streams that drain
to Lake Norman, a water supply reservoir. As part of the proposed Project, approximately 10,000 linear
feet of stream (warm water thermal regime) will be stabilized, enhanced, and restored. The Lyle Creek
watershed is described as 39% agricultural land, and a majority of Lyle Creek receives agricultural runoff.
The proposed restoration work for the Project would restore riparian buffers at least 50 feet in width
along all stream reaches. This proposed work will provide significant reductions in nutrients, sediment,
and fecal coliform supplied to Mull Creek, Lyle Creek, and ultimately Lake Norman.
To accomplish these goals, the following site-specific objectives will be measured to document overall
project success:
• Provide a floodplain connection to the incised Project stream reaches by lowering bank height
ratios (BHRs) to less than 1.2, thereby promoting more natural floodplain storage and overbank
flood flows,
• Improve bedform diversity by increasing scour pool to pool spacing and depth variability,
• Increase native species riparian buffer and wetland vegetation density/composition along
streambank and riparian areas,
• Improve aquatic habitat and fish species diversity and migration through the addition of in-stream
cover and native woody debris,
• Site protection through a 29.91-acre conservation easement with minimum 50-foot riparian
buffers from the top of banks along all streams in perpetuity.
The existing conditions site assessment suggests that the proposed mitigation activities will result in a
higher functioning aquatic ecosystem.The project goals and objectives address water quality stressors by
reducing nutrient and sediment inputs through stream restoration, riparian buffer restoration, and
riparian wetland rehabilitation. Hydrologic functions will be improved by raising the local water table.The
biologic and habitat functions will be improved by the revegetation of the riparian buffers.
Additionally, a 29.91-acre conservation easement will protect stream reaches and aquatic resources in
perpetuity. These mitigation efforts will provide a significant ecological benefit with minimal impacts and
constraints during a recovery period that would not otherwise occur through natural processes.
2 Bank Establishment and Operation
2.1 Site Selection
The Project site is located in Catawba County, North Carolina (35.5734°, -81.17304°). The site is part of
the Catawba River Headwaters Subbasin, HUC 03050101 (Figure 1). The proposed site includes two
unnamed tributaries to Mull Creek (S100 and S200), which drain into Lyle Creek and ultimately Lake
Norman. Mull Creek, near the project site, drains portions of the City of Conover and the Town of
Claremont. Both municipalities are experiencing growth into surrounding rural areas, and the Project is
directly abutting both sides of Interstate 40(1-40) between mile markers 133 and 135.The site is currently
in agricultural use but is potentially a future commercial/residential development area.
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2.2 Service Area
The proposed Geographic Service Area (GSA) for the Bank is illustrated in Figure 2 and will provide
compensatory mitigation credits for unavoidable, permitted impacts to Waters of the United States in the
Catawba River Basin (8-Digit HUC 03050101). Use of approved mitigation credits from the bank to
compensate for impacts outside the GSA may be considered by USACE on a case-by-case basis.The Project
will provide compensatory mitigation for warm stream impacts. Future sites may be developed in the
Bank that provide both warm and cool stream mitigation credits as well as wetland mitigation credits.
2.3 Site Protection Instrument
The Sponsor has obtained agent authorization forms and option agreements to purchase a conservation
easement for each of the property parcels that comprise the Project. Copies of the agent authorization
forms and draft conservation easement are provided in Appendix D. The Sponsor shall record a
conservation easement with the Catawba County Clerk that has been approved by the USACE, in
coordination with the IRT, and provide a copy of the recorded conservation easement to the USACE. The
current property owner for the Project site is listed in Table 1 below.
Table 1. Parcel Ownership Information
Owners of Record Parcel ID Number Conservation Deed Reference
Easement Acres BK/PG
375210364087
375219523168
Hunsucker Farms, LLC 375215732614 29.91 03599/0062-0065
375216831456
375215534132
375211558910
The conservation easement will ensure that the site will be protected in perpetuity from land uses that
are inconsistent with the UMBI. Apart from USACE-approved activities (in coordination with the IRT), the
site shall not be disturbed by activities that would adversely affect the intended extent, condition, or
function of the bank.The conservation easement shall not be removed or modified without prior written
approval of the USACE.
2.4 Watershed Need and Feasibility
As a result of implementing this Project, WLS will restore and protect approximately 10,000 linear feet of
stream. The restoration will offset unavoidable impacts to Waters of the United States associated with
rapid growth and development and improve and protect aquatic resource functions in the region.
The technical feasibility of the bank is assured due to WLS' extensive experience with stream and wetland
restoration and enhancement in North Carolina and throughout the Southeast. Examples of WLS' success
with stream restoration and enhancement include the WLS Neuse 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank and the
WLS Yadkin 01 Umbrella Mitigation Banks.The absence of fatal flaws,such as hydrologic trespass,and the
absence of threatened and endangered species and their habitats means the project is unlikely to be
impeded by resource issues, or by objections from landowners.
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3 Baseline Information
WLS performed an existing conditions assessment for the site by compiling and analyzing baseline
information, aerial photography, and field data. The purpose of this assessment was to determine how
aquatic resource functions have been impacted within the catchment area. Parameters such as watershed
drainage area, percent impervious cover, land use, climate, and hydrology were evaluated. The following
sub-sections further describe the existing site conditions, degrees of impairment, and primary controls
that were considered for developing an appropriate restoration design approach.
3.1 Watershed Characterization
3.1.1 Surface Water Classification
The site includes two unnamed tributaries to Mull Creek,which drains into Lyle Creek and ultimately Lake
Norman. Lyle creek is listed as WS-IV(Water Supply IV- Highly Developed) and flows into Lake Norman, a
water supply reservoir, approximately four miles downstream of the confluence of Mull Creek and Lyle
Creek.
3.1.2 Jurisdictional WOTUS
WLS investigated on-site jurisdictional WOTUS using the USACE Routine On-Site Determination Method.
This method is defined in the 1987 USACE Wetlands Delineation Manual and subsequent Eastern
Mountain and Piedmont Regional Supplement. Stream classification utilized the NCDWQ Stream
Identification Form.Potential jurisdictional(JD)wetland areas as well as upland areas were classified using
the USACE Wetland Determination Data Form.The results of the on-site field investigation indicated that
all Project reaches were determined to be jurisdictional stream channels. In addition, five jurisdictional
wetland areas were delineated within the proposed Project area (See Figure 8) located on floodplains(WA
is 1.2 acres, WB is 0.03 acres, WC is 0.03 acres, WD is 0.03 acres, and WE is 0.04 acres). All of these
jurisdictional wetlands are inside the proposed conservation easement. WLS received a preliminary
jurisdictional determination (PJD) from the USACE in March 2021 and supporting documents and agency
correspondence are provided in Appendix F.
3.1.3 NC SAM and NC WAM
WLS completed stream and wetland assessments using the NC Wetland Assessment Method (NC WAM,
Version 5.0, 2015) and NC Stream Assessment Method (NC SAM, Version 2.1, 2015). WLS evaluated the
NC WAM and NC SAM metrics relevant to the Project wetland areas and stream reaches (See Appendix
E).The Project reaches all scored 'low'due to previous dredging, lack of buffer,and water quality stressors
from agriculture,and altered stream morphology.Wetland area WA,WB,WC and WE rated 'medium'due
to some disturbed conditions.Wetland area WD rated 'low'due to poor habitat conditions.The ecological
assessments also incorporated qualitative and quantitative observations using historic aerials, field
evaluations, and detailed topographic survey data collected across the site. The conclusions from these
assessments help describe the current stream and wetland conditions and functional ratings, however,
these methods are not intended for determining mitigation success on the site.
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Table 2. NCSAM/NCWAM Summary
Reach 5100 5200
Name
NCSAM Low Low
Rating
Wetland WA WB WC WD WE
Name
NCWAM Medium Medium Medium Low Medium
Rating
3.2 Land Use and Development Trends
A historical aerial review from 1951 to present (Figures 7a-7d) was conducted to document landscape
changes in the watershed. Prior to the development of 1-40 in 1960 the area consisted mostly of row crop
and pasture. In 1960, interstate 40 was built through Catawba county (Figure 7b) dissecting the project
site. Other than the disturbance of 1-40, the land uses in this watershed have stayed relatively the same
since 1950, including the stream buffer surrounding the project site. It is anticipated that this watershed
will ultimately be developed and include residential single family and multi-family homes as well as light
industrial space. A highway commercial space is also being developed on the property adjacent to the
project site.
3.3 Landscape Characteristics
3.3.1 Physiography and Geology
The site is in the Northern Inner Piedmont Level IV Ecoregion. This area has higher elevations with more
rugged topography than other areas of the Piedmont as well as mostly mesic soils rather than thermic
soils. More specifically, this area consists of Amphibolite and Biotite Geniss ('CZab') (Geologic Map of
North Carolina, NC Geological Survey, 1998). Streams in this area usually have a higher gradient than
streams in the Outer Piedmont and contain mountain type macroinvertebrate species. (Griffith et al,
2002).
3.3.2 Soils
Soils at the site were initially determined using NRCS soil survey data for Catwaba County(NRCS Catawba
County Soil Survey, 1975).As shown on the NRCS Soils Map(Figure 4), existing floodplain soils around the
reaches are mostly within the mapping units TmD, TmC, TmB, TmE and CsA. TmD soils are described as
Tomlin loam (10 to 15 percent slopes), TmC is described as Tomlin loam (6 to 10 percent) and TmE soils
are described as Tomlin loam (15 to 25 percent slopes). TmD, TmC and TmE are found on hillslopes and
ridges and the soils parent material is saprolite derived from diorite and gabbro or diabase or gneiss.TmB
soils are described as Tomlin loam (2 to 6 percent slopes) and are found on interfluves. CsA soils are
described as Codorum loam (0 to 2 percent slopes), and these soils are found on floodplains and are
frequently flooded, the parent material is loamy alluvium derived from igneous and metamorphic rock.
On-site soils investigations were conducted to identify potential hydric soils in October 2018 by licensed
soil scientist(LSS), Michael G.Wood, LSS with Three Oaks Engineering(See Hydric Soils Report in Appendix
B).The findings were based on hand-turned auger borings and indicate the presence of hydric soils along
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the floodplains at the top of reach S100.The hydric soils status is based upon the Field Indicators of Hydric
Soils in the United States (USDA, NRCS, 2018, Version 8.2).
3.3.3 Climate
Catawba County has a warm moderately humid climate with hot summers, minimal snowfall and no dry
season (NRCS, 1975).The average growing season for the Project site is 205 days, beginning mid-April and
ending in late October(NRCS Catawba County Soil Survey).The average annual precipitation in the Project
area is approximately 49.2 inches with a consistent monthly distribution, except for convective storm
events or hurricanes that occur during the summer and fall months. Over the past 48 months, the Rain
gage at Oxford Rs near Claremont, NC has recorded 119.31 inches of rain (USGS).
3.3.4 Existing Vegetation
Historic land management surrounding the Project area has been primarily for agricultural purposes. Prior
to anthropogenic land disturbances, the riparian vegetation community likely consisted of Mesic Mixed
Forest (Piedmont subtype) in the uplands with Alluvial Forest and Piedmont Bottomland Forest in the
lower areas and floodplains (Schafale, 2012). The existing vegetation within the Project area consists of
open pastureland with a mature canopy with a limited understory adjacent to the streams (Table 3).
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Table 3. Existing Project Site Vegetation
Common Name Scientific Name
Red maple Acer rubrum
Red cedar Juniperus virginiana
Yellow-poplar Liriodendron tulipifera
Red oak Quercus falcata
Canopy Vegetation American sycamore Plantanus occidentalis
River birch Betula nigra
White pine Pinus strobus
Black walnut Juglan nigra
White oak Quercus alba
Black willow Salix nigra
Pawpaw Asimina triloba
American holly Ilex opaca
Understory&Woody Black cherry Prunus serotina
Shrubs Multiflora rose Rosa multiflora
Hazel alder Alnus serrulata
Spicebush Lindera benzoin
Chinese privet Ligustrum sinense
Muscadine Vitis rotundifolia
Japanese honeysuckle Lonicera japonica
Common greenbrier Smilax rotundifolia
Meadow garlic Allium canadense
Herbaceous&Vines
Tall fescue Festuca arundinacea
Highbush blackberry Rubus argutus
Canada goldenrod Solidago canadensis
Soft rush Juncus effusus
Agricultural Fields: Currently, most field areas surrounding the Project area are used for cattle grazing
and the vegetation within open field areas is primarily comprised of fescue with scattered canopy trees
adjacent to the stream.
Mixed Hardwood Forest: The mature canopy is dominated by red maple, yellow poplar, red oak, white
oak, and black walnut. Woody shrub species include papaw, black willow, black cherry, hazel alder, and
spicebush. Vine species include honeysuckle and muscadine. Herbaceous species include various sedges,
rush,fescue, and blackberry.
Invasive Species Vegetation: The invasive species vegetation present on the Project site are primarily,
Chinese privet,Japanese stiltgrass (Microstegium vimineum), and multiflora rose.
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3.4 Existing Stream Conditions
3.4.1 Geomorphic Assessment
WLS conducted geomorphic and ecological assessments of the Project reaches to determine the current
stream function,channel stability,and the impact of past and current land use on the Project site's aquatic
resources. From historical aerial research, evidence was found to demonstrate that most of the Project
area has been heavily impacted from historic and current land use practices, including interstate
development.A further review of topographic maps,field investigation of on-site features,similar stream
and wetland reference conditions,and LiDAR survey data provide clear evidence that the existing channel
patterns that appear to be indicative of valley signatures, valley slopes, and drainage basins that likely
supported headwater stream and wetland systems with associated bottomland hardwood forest.
The tributaries within the Project boundary flow directly to Mull Creek. The streams at the Project were
broken down into nine reaches [S100 (N of 1-40, above crossing), S102, S103, S100 (N of 1-40, below
crossing), S100 (S of 1-40), S101, S200 (N of 1-40), S200 (S of 1-40, above crossing), and S200 (S of 1-40,
below crossing)] totaling approximately 9,965 linear feet of existing streams. Table 4 provides reach
designations, approximate drainage area, stream status based on field analysis and NCDWR stream
classification form score.
Table 4. Reach Watershed Drainage&Jurisdictional Status for Project Reaches
Project Reach Watershed Drainage Area Stream Status Based on NCDWQ Stream
(ac)/(sq mi) Field Analyses Classification Form Score
S100(N of 1-40, 59/0.09 Perennial 35.5
above crossing)
S102 5/0.008 Intermittent 28.5
S103 2.5/0.004 Intermittent 22
S100(N of 1-40, 193/0.30 Perennial 35.5
below crossing)
S100(S of 1-40) 252/0.39 Perennial 35.5
S101 12/0.02 Intermittent 29
S200(N of 1-40) 84/0.13 Perennial 34.5
S200(S of 1-40) 169/0.26 Perennial 34.5
Note: Watershed drainage area was approximated based on topographic and LiDAR information and
compared with USGS StreamStats at the downstream end of each reach.
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Table 5 characterizes the existing stream morphology based on general descriptions, channel evolution
(Simon, 1989) and Rosgen stream classification (Rosgen, 1994).
Table 5. Existing Channel Morphology Summary
Typical
Existing Bank Existing Channel
Project Reach Entrenchment Width/Depth
Length Height Type(Rosgen
Designation (If) Ratio(ER) Ratio(W/D) Ratio Classification)
(BHR)
S100(North of I-
40,above 1,127 2.3 7 2.3 Incised E
crossing)
S102 110 1.9 8 2.2 B(functioning as a
G)
S103 81 - - - -
S100(North of I-
40,below 2,490 1.1 19 4 F
crossing)
S100(South of I- 1,829 1.7 6 3.1 B(functioning as a
40) G)
S101 96 1.1 14 3.5 F
S200(Northof I- 785 1.6 3 3.3 B(functioning as a
S200(South of I-
40,above 550 2.2 16 1 C
crossing)
S200(South of I-
40,below 2,897 1.9 5 1.7 B(Functioning as a
crossing) G)
3.4.2 Existing Reach Descriptions : .
5100 (North of 1-40, above crossing): Reach S100 uk * . ; ,-
begins as a deep gully near Rock Barn Road on the ,
northern end of the property. The gully is
approximately 12 to 15 feet deep, highly unstable, . Y
and has been used in the past as a dumping area for
farm trash and waste. At the base of the gully \ -
system,several strong springs originate and form the
headwaters of the S100 system. Incision of the M
stream decreases downstream; however,the system r'.I , u
is incised (BHR > 1.5) along its entire length. Large
trees are present along the banks of the upper Reach 5100 demonstrates the ability to
portion of S100, but not along the lower portion. enhance riparian wetlands through stream
From the middle portion of S100 to the end of the restoration and buffer plantings.
reach, adjacent riparian wetland areas become prevalent due to considerable discharge of groundwater
along the adjacent toe of slopes. The function of these wetlands is being impacted by the incised stream
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condition and frequent cattle access which is prevalent along the entire reach. S100 above the crossing
ends at the inlet of a 24 inch diameter culverted crossing for a farm path which provides a downstream
structural grade control point.
S102: Reach S102 is a direct tributary to S100. S102 begins as a spring head approximately 100 feet
upslope of and near the middle of S100 above 1-40. The reach is heavily impacted by cattle and sections
of the streambanks have been completely trampled.The channel has been filled with sediment from the
eroding banks, and flow is diffuse and impeded due to cattle crossing near the middle of the reach.There
are crayfish and frogs in the reach, but the biological function of the stream has been severely impacted
by sedimentation and habitat degradation. Reach S102 ends at its confluence with Reach S100.
S103: Reach S103 is a short tributary to S100, which starts at a large headcut where the adjacent slope
has failed. There was water flowing for much of its length during site visits, though the streambed
sediments are largely influenced by large scale erosion of the adjacent upland soils.
S100(North of 1-40,below crossing):This reach begins at the culvert outlet below the farm path crossing.
The pipe is perched due to a past headcut.As a result of the headcutting,incision along the reach is higher,
resulting in greater sediment loss due to bank scour and mass wasting than in Reach S100 (above
crossing).This section of S100 is predominantly wooded; however,trees along the riparian floodplain are
relatively sparse and consist primarily of successional species. Cattle are constantly accessing the wooded
areas for shade and multiple areas along this section of S100 and are active loafing areas with an over-
widened channel and trampled banks. Anthropogenic channel modification is evident with the channel's
location against the right side of the valley,creating areas of mass wasting with bank heights much greater
than those associated with the remainder of the incised channel.The lower section of S100 closer to 1-40
has been fenced off from cattle and has been left for reforestation to occur; however, this area presents
the most active channel evolutionary processes. Numerous tree falls exist and continue to occur where
the channel is actively increasing meander width.Almost all outside bends are characterized by extremely
high, vertical banks with larger trees precariously perched on top.The top third of these banks consist of
exposed roots and overhanging banks with little to no surface protection or rooting depth at the lower
elevations where channel interaction occurs. Where Reach S100 approaches the 72-inch culvert under I-
40,the bank height ratio drops to a relatively stable condition and the substantial erosive forces no longer
seem apparent, most likely due to the backwater effects the culvert during higher flows.
5100(South of 1-40): Reach S100 begins at the downstream outlet of the 72-inch culvert under 1-40. The
outlet is laid on a natural bedrock seam which is providing vertical stability, however the increased
velocities at the outlet of this extremely long stretch of culvert are impacting the banks with localized
scour.The upper portion of S100 below 1-40 is wooded along the right bank, but the forest along the left
bank has recently been cleared, leaving only a thin line of trees. Cattle have been fenced out of this upper
part of S100 south of 1-40. However, as with the lower portion of S100, many of the channel evolutionary
processes are manifesting through mass wasting of outer bends and localized toe scour within riffle and
run sections. Much of the upper section of S100 south of 1-40 contains tree falls and/or debris jams
creating localized areas of unstable vertical banks up and down stream. As S100 begins to transition to
the floodplain of Mull Creek, cattle access resumes, the riparian buffer is reduced, and human channel
modification once again become apparent through channel straightening. Cattle are using several loafing
areas where substantial shade exists, causing trampled banks. Almost all outer bends through this lower
portion of S100 are characterized by nearly vertical banks covered by herbaceous vegetation with few
moderately sized trees. An existing 36-inch CMP farm culvert is in place towards the end of the reach
which acts as a pinch point for the stream,causing localized scour and instability in the banks up and down
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stream. Finally,the confluence with Mull Creek is vertically stable as Mull Creek has some bedrock controls
within the vicinity of the confluence that would provide an excellent tie in point with minimal concern of
future headcutting.
S101:Reach S101 is a direct tributary to S100.S101 begins as spring head approximately 100 feet upslope
of and near the lower end of Reach S100. The reach is not currently impacted by cattle but is incised and
actively eroding. Efforts have been made by the landowner to prevent the headcut from worsening by
filling the channel with logs and debris, but the channel still appears to be actively eroding and
downcutting. Based on historical aerial imagery from 1951, it appears that S101 could have been a
functioning stream before the construction of 1-40.There is evidence that the watershed for the tributary
was split by the highway and the stream was diverted into a ditch that flows into S100 north of 1-40 below
the crossing. Upstream of the jurisdictional break, the channel appears to have been straightened and
filled. In addition to overland stormwater flow,S101 is also fed by groundwater from several streambank
seeps. Reach S101 ends at its confluence with Reach S100.
S200(North of 1-40):Similar to S100 to Mull Creek, S200 to Mull Creek can be generally characterized as
a sand-dominated transport channel that is spring fed,with significant incision, partial entrenchment,and
undergoing many of the same channel evolution steps present in S100 to Mull Creek. As with S100, S200
to Mull Creek has experienced stressors associated with agricultural practices: human channel
modification, cattle access, and timbering. Reach S200 north of 1-40 begins as a small wetland area that is
fed by hill slope springs near the main farmhouse and buildings. At a 21 inch culverted farm crossing just
downstream, the stream incises greatly due to headcutting that has migrated up the stream system to
the culvert. From the farm crossing culvert down to near the NCDOT right-of-way for 1-40, the stream is
highly incised with extreme bank heights and considerable ongoing scour erosion and mass wasting.
Headcuts are actively moving through this reach.Approximately 50 feet upstream of the NCDOT right-of-
way, the stream has formed an active wetland floodplain within the overly widened channel that is
relatively stable; however, there is still some erosion along the adjacent terrace banks due to overland
flow and runoff.
S200 (South of 1-40, above crossing): This reach begins directly below the 1-40 right-of-way and flows
approximately 583 feet to a culverted farm crossing.The reach appears to have over-widened in the past,
perhaps due to heavy cattle access, but has now formed a relatively stable wetland floodplain at a lower
elevation. The developing floodplain is dominated by herbaceous vegetation with little deep rooting
woody vegetation established. Cattle have been excluded from the reach for some time, perhaps because
of the high, steep streambanks that are still eroding in some locations. This section ends at a culverted
farm crossing that appears to be appropriately sized, but is experiencing some erosion due to poor
stabilization practices.
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` 5200 (South of 1-40, below crossing): This section
q ' ,' a. " begins at the culverted farm crossing and extends
. _i ._ - • . down to the confluence of S200 with Mull Creek. The
culvert is a 60 inch CMP. The reach is highly incised
. + -\' along much of its length with considerable areas of
bank scour and mass wasting. The upper 800 feet and
; lower 700 feet of the reach have sparse mature trees
,
that offer limited riparian protection, and cattle have
i • y active access to these areas. The middle 1,300 feet of
;z---,...474,cie.... - channel was cleared of trees in 2009, and the area
, t - alongthe left stream bank was converted to livestock
-, •,w a :
pasture.The area along the right streambank has been
Reach S200, like many of the project left fallow and has repopulated with young
successional tree species that are approximately ten
reaches, displays frequent erosion around years of age, including significant areas of Chinese
outer meander bends due to land privet. Much of the channel through the middle and
disturbance, channel incision, loss of buffer,
and frequent cattle access. lower portion of S200 is meandering and eroding,
especially on the outside of meander bends. This
ongoing evolution has left the outer bends characterized by steep, undercut banks with an herbaceous
cover lacking sufficient surface protection or rooting depth. Where large woody trees are present and an
overwidening of the channel exists, small areas of new floodplain are developing at a lower elevation.
However, with the presence of vertical bedrock grade control, the only means of gaining stability will be
to continually stress the outer bends until an appropriate meander width can be achieved. Towards the
lower portion of S200 there is a 36 inch diameter culvert that will be removed during construction. As
S200 approaches the confluence with Mull Creek, the channel appears to still be undergoing incision
processes.The banks are more vertical with significantly less vegetation is present. The terminus for S200
will occur at the farm crossing just upstream with the confluence with Mull Creek.This culverted crossing
is currently providing the stable downstream grade control point and will serve as a stable end to the S200
to Mull Creek system.
3.4.3 Sediment Supply, Delivery and Storage
S100 and S200 are sand bed streams with gravel dominated riffles.The current farming activities, livestock
access, lack of adequate and good quality natural woody riparian buffer vegetation, past land
disturbances, and stream instability create a larger sediment supply through the project area. There is
evidence of upland sediments being deposited over a hydric soil profile in the floodplain due to this high
supply.
3.5 Potential Site Constraints
3.5.1 Existing Easements on the Site
The 1-40 corridor runs through the approximate center of the project area and bisects S100 and S200.The
culverts beneath 1-40 will be control points for the proposed stream design work, and the design will tie
into the elevations of the existing culverts. No additional flooding will be created within the 1-40 NCDOT
right-of-way because of the project.The project engineer will coordinate with NCDOT to ensure the design
is acceptable and the conservation easement provides suitable spacing for future ROW maintenance or
expansion.The current ROW is approximately 350 feet wide at the culvert crossings.
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3.5.2 Utility Corridors within the Site
One power line easement is present to the north of S100, but the easement is located outside of the
proposed project limits. No other easements or significant constraints have been identified for the project.
The Sponsor will coordinate with the landowner regarding future development access and utilities to
utilize proposed easement crossings. There are no commercial or private airports within five miles of the
project site.
3.5.3 Mineral or Water Rights Assurance
There are no mineral or water rights issues within or adjacent to the Project site properties.
3.5.4 FEMA Floodplain Compliance and Hydrologic Trespass
Review of the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) National Flood Insurance Program's
Digital Flood Insurance Rate Mapping (DFIRM) panel 3710375200J, effective September 5, 2007, found
that S100 and S200 are not regulated waters. There are no established Base Flood Elevations (BFEs),
Floodways, or Flood Hazard Zones along the tributaries. However, portions of Mull Creek that S100 and
S200 flow into are regulated; therefore, the lower 300 ft of S100 and S200 are within the flood hazard
zone AE associated with Mull Creek. The proposed restoration work associated with this project will not
include any structure placement, excavation, or fill within the Flood Hazard Zone significant enough to
influence the BFEs of Mull Creek. A floodplain development permit and no-rise package are being
prepared to submit to the local floodplain manager for work on S100 and 5200. Due to the steep step pool
system upstream on S100 and S200, hydrologic trespass will not occur.
3.5.5 Invasive Species Vegetation
There are currently no substantial communities of invasive plant species within the proposed project
boundaries; however, some areas of invasive species vegetation have begun to establish on S200 south
of 1-40 above the crossing, mainly Chinese privet and Japanese stiltgrass. In addition, some small
multiflora rose plants were observed on the project site above 1-40.These areas will be monitored by WLS,
and any invasive plants found within the project boundary will be treated to prevent expansion and
establishment of a substantial invasive community.This will allow for a healthy, native riparian and upland
plant community to dominate the area and help prevent future establishment of invasive species
vegetation.
3.5.6 Potential Future Land-Use
Future site constraints include, but are not limited to development, silviculture, and infrastructure
maintenance. Historic aerial imagery indicates that the Project area has been used extensively for
agricultural purposes.The surrounding areas remain in an agricultural community with some neighboring
forested property.There is potential for the area surrounding the easement to be developed in the future.
The project area is adjacent to 1-40 which could potentially be widened at a later date.To account for this
possibility the conservation easement starts 25 ft from the start of the right of way. Project reaches were
designed to be self-maintaining and resilient in a dynamic landscape. Riparian buffers in excess of 50 feet
will protect the project reaches from changes in watershed hydrologic regimes.
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3.6 Regulatory Considerations
3.6.1 Cultural Resources
This project is not anticipated to have any adverse impacts on cultural or historical resources. On-site
investigations and discussions with the landowner have not revealed any potential resources of this type
on the property. EPR (consultant) conducted a search of the project area using the State Historic
Preservation Office's HPOweb database. No structures listed on the NRHP, or those eligible for listing,
were found in the project boundary or within a one-mile radius. The NRHP report can be found in
Appendix G.
3.6.2 Threatened and Endangered Species
Based on a review of the US Fish and Wildlife Service's(USFWS) Information for Planning and Consultation
(IPaC) database, there are currently four federally-listed threatened or endangered species known to
occur in the project vicinity: bog turtle (Glyptemys muhlenbergii), Schweinitz's sunflower (Helianthus
schweinitzii), dwarf-flowered heartleaf (Hexastylis naniflora) and the Northern long-eared bat (Myotis
septentrionalis). The Northern long-eared bat (NLEB) was recently listed as an endangered species and
the Project is located within the USFWS habitat range and white-nose syndrome zone per Final 4(d) rule
(USFWS, 2019). The Project site is not near any known hibernation or maternity sites, nor is Catawba
County listed as one of the counties for confirmed hibernation and maternity sites. It is not anticipated
that the proposed mitigation activities will take place within known hibernacula or remove known
occupied maternity roost trees.WLS will coordinate with the appropriate agencies should a determination
be required for permitting. The USFWS encourages avoiding tree cutting from May 15-August 15 if
possible.
Project implementation is not anticipated to have a negative impact on these species. EPR sent letters to
USFWS and the NC Wildlife Resources Commission (NCWRC) and is in coordination concerning the
Schweinitz's sunflower and dwarf-flowered heartleaf.A survey for Schweinitz's sunflower was conducted
on September 29, 2020, with no individuals found. A survey for dwarf-flowered heartleaf will be
completed in Spring 2021. EPR also conducted a one-mile radius search of the project area using the
Natural Heritage Program of North Carolina (NCNHP) database and no occurrences were found in the
project boundary. IPaC report, NCNHP report, USFWS response and NCWRC response can be found in
Appendix G.
3.6.3 Conditions Affecting Hydrology
Six crossings must be accounted for in the stream design: one culvert crossing near the origin of S200
(north of 1-40)will be removed,two crossings will be replaced (one each on S100 and S200), one potential
future crossing will be added on S100(north of 1-40, below the existing crossing),and two existing culverts
will be maintained at the bottom of S100 and S200. The constructed crossings will allow livestock and
farm equipment to access fields and pastures on either side of the stream reaches.The replaced or added
culverted crossings will be appropriately sized and set at the correct elevations to promote stability and
allow passage of aquatic life. Stabilization practices will be applied to ensure stable crossings. The
crossings are 60-feet wide and located in easement breaks to allow for future residential and commercial
development.
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3.6.4 Adjacent Land Use
Site-adjacent land use is primarily silviculture and agriculture. However, the surrounding landuse is
transitioning to commercial, residential,and industrial land uses due to its proximity to several population
centers and easily accessible transportation corridors. None of these land uses will have negative impacts
on the function of the Project and the stream channel design contemplates the potential future runoff
conditions.
4 Functional Uplift Potential
Harman et al. (2012) provides a framework for conducting function-based assessments to develop project
goals and objectives based on a site's restoration potential and functional uplift.The framework is based
on the Stream Functions Pyramid (SFP) which is a conceptual model that can be used to better define
project goals and objectives by linking them to stream functions. Stream functions are separated into a
hierarchy of functions and structural measures, ranging from Level 1 to Level 5 and include the following
functional categories: Hydrology (Level 1), Hydraulic (Level 2), Geomorphic (Level 3), Physiochemical
(Level 4), and Biological (Level 5). Function-based goals and objectives were considered that relate
restoration activities to the appropriate parameters from the SFP framework,which are based on existing
conditions, site constraints and overall restoration potential. To accomplish these site-specific goals, the
following functional objectives will be measured to document overall project success as described in Table
6.
Table 6. Function-Based Goals and Objectives Summary
Functional Category Functional Goal/Parameter Functional Design Objective
(Level)
Improve and/or remove existing stream
Hydrology(Level 1) Improve Base Flow crossings and restore a more natural flow
regime and aquatic passage.
Hydraulics(Level 2) Reconnect Floodplain/Increase Lower BHRs to<1.2 and increase ERs at>_2.2
Flood prone Area Widths
Improve Bedform Diversity Increase riffle/pool percentage and pool-to-
pool spacing ratios.
Reduce BEHI/NBS streambank erosion rates
Geomorphology Increase Lateral Stability comparable to reference condition and stable
(Level 3) cross-section values.
Plant native species vegetation a minimum 50'
Establish Riparian Buffer Vegetation wide from the top of the streambanks with a
composition/density comparable to
downstream reference condition.
Physicochemical Improve Water Quality Establish 50 ft wide riparian buffers that will
(Level 4) filter excess nutrients.
Biology Improve Macroinvertebrate
(Level 5) Community and Aquatic Species Incorporate native woody debris into channel.
Health
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4.1.1 Restoration Potential and Project Benefits Summary
Restoration projects commonly provide functional lift of Level 2 and 3 parameters. To achieve goals in
Levels 4 and 5, a combination of reach scale restoration and upstream watershed health must be
measurable and sustainable.
It is expected the Project will reduce pollutant loads, including sediment and nutrients, improving overall
aquatic functions. Given the landscape position and catchment size, the restoration activities will likely
provide functional lift within the physicochemical and biological functional categories.
The Project will provide numerous water quality and ecological benefits within the watershed. While
many of these benefits focus on the Project area, others, such as nutrient removal, sediment reduction,
and improved aquatic and terrestrial habitat, others have more far-reaching effects that extend
downstream.The expected project benefits and ecological improvements are summarized in Table 7.
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Table 7. Project Benefits Summary
Benefits Related to Hydrology(Level 1)
Restoring and enhancing 50-foot natural riparian buffers and alleviating concentrated flow
Rainfall/Runoff points will decrease the volume and intensity of runoff into the system.
Benefits Related to Hydraulics(Level 2)
Floodplain Restoration practices will restore proper floodplain connection by establishing stable bank
Connectivity height ratios and entrenchment ratios.
Surface Storage Floodplain connectivity will allow for more surface area for surface storage and retention.
and Retention
Groundwater
Recharge/ Raising and reconnecting the restored stream bed will promote higher water table
Hyporheic conditions and more hyporheic exchange.
exchange
Benefits Related to Geomorphology(Level 3)
Proper Channel A stable sinuosity for valley type and slope will allow for a natural self-sustaining system.
Form
Sediment Decreasing stream bank erosion,connecting with the floodplain, and excluding cattle from
Transport the stream will decrease the sediment coming from the restored system into Mull Creek.
Riparian Buffer Restoring and enhancing 50-foot natural riparian buffers will allow for canopy cover and
Vegetation large woody debris in the system.
Bioengineering The use of woody in-stream structures will ensure channel stability while also providing
Treatments large woody debris.
Benefits Related to Physicochemical(Level 4)
Nutrient Restoration practices will exclude cattle from streams and restore functional buffers of
Reduction sufficient width along all stream reaches to provide nutrient reductions.
Sediment Restoration practices will exclude cattle from stream, restore functional buffers of sufficient
Reduction width along all stream reaches, and stabilize stream bank erosion to provide sediment
reductions.
DO, NO3, DOC Restored buffers will also provide shade, reduce water temperatures, and increase dissolved
Concentration
oxygen concentrations.The restored stream bed will promote higher water table conditions
and facilitate denitrification.
Benefits Related to Biology(Level 5)
Terrestrial and Restoration practices will restore appropriate habitats, reduce sediment and nutrient loads,
Aquatic Habitat exclude cattle from streams,and provide increased shading and organic material inputs for
aquatic organisms.
Landscape Restoration practices such as raising and reconnecting the restored stream bed will allow
Connectivity animals to have easier access to a drinking water source.
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5 Determination of Credits
The Project consists of all Stream Restoration to achieve the highest ecological lift possible. The proposed
mitigation credit types, ratios and design approaches were discussed with the IRT during the prospectus
site visit and described further in the meeting minutes located in Appendix G.
5.1 Proposed Mitigation Credit Types
Proposed mitigation credit types are Restoration Stream Mitigation Credits (SMCs) (warm thermal
regime). See Tables 8 for the proposed credit summary.
Table 8. Proposed Stream Mitigation Credits(SMCs)
Stream
Existing Proposed
Mitigation
Project Reach Type of Mitigation Stream Creditable Ratio
Credits
Length(LF) Length (LF) (SMCs)
S100(North of I-
40,above Stream Restoration 1,127 1,169.54 1:1 1,169.54
crossing)
S102 Stream Restoration 110 98.96 1:1 98.96
S103 Stream Restoration 81 56.44 1:1 56.44
S100(North of I-
40,below Stream Restoration 2,490 2,117.61 1:1 2,117.61
crossing)
S100(South of I-
40) Stream Restoration 1,829 1,888.07 1:1 1,888.07
S101 Stream Restoration 96 79.57 1:1 79.57
S200(North of I-
40) Stream Restoration 785 704.85 1:1 704.85
S200(South of I-
40,above Stream Restoration 550 491.16 1:1 491.16
crossing)
S200(South of I-
40,below Stream Restoration 2,897 3,050.53 1:1 3,050.53
crossing)
Totals 9,965 9,656.73 9,656.73
Note:No mitigation credits were calculated outside the conservation easement boundaries.
5.2 Credit Release Schedule
All credit releases will be based on the total number of mitigation credits generated as reported in the
approved mitigation plan and verified by the as-built survey.The initial credit release will be based on the
proposed stream mitigation credits (SMCs) as approved in the final mitigation plan.The credit ledger will
be managed by WLS and approved by the USACE District Engineer(DE) and IRT.The estimated credits will
be released following current USACE guidance,as shown in Table 9 below. For example, 10%of SMCs will
be withheld until four bankfull events, in separate monitoring years, have been documented. The initial
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credit release milestone shall include: approval of UMBI, approval of final mitigation plan, securing the
Project site,financial assurances delivery, long-term protection mechanism delivery,title opinion delivery,
and issuance of any permits necessary for construction.
Table 9. Credit Release Schedule
Credit SMCs: SMCs:
Milestone Release Activity Interim Total
Release Released
1 Project Site Establishment(as defined 15% 15%
above)
Completion of all initial physical and
2 biological improvements made pursuant 15% 30%
to the Mitigation Plan
Year 1 Monitoring Report demonstrates
3 that streams are stable and interim 10% 40%
performance standards have been met
Year 2 Monitoring Report demonstrates
4 that streams are stable and interim 10% 50%
performance standards have been met
Year 3 Monitoring Report demonstrates
5 that streams are stable and interim 10% 60%
performance standards have been met
Year 4 Monitoring Report demonstrates 65%
6 that streams are stable and interim 5% (75%*)
performance standards have been met
Year 5 Monitoring Report demonstrates 750/
7 that streams are stable and interim 10%
performance standards have been met (85%*)
Year 6 Monitoring Report demonstrates
8 that streams are stable and interim 5% O
performance standards have been met (9 %*)
Year 7 Monitoring Report demonstrates 900,'
9 that streams are stable and interim 10% (100%*)
performance standards have been met
Note: *10%reserve of credits to be held back until the bankfull event performance standard has been met.
6 Mitigation Work Plan
The mitigation work plan will involve the restoration of approximately 9,965 linear feet of stream channel.
WLS's comprehensive design approach utilizes common restoration practices and will appropriately
address the jurisdictional streams and wetlands at the site, including protecting or enhancing riparian
buffers along all of the Project stream reaches and wetlands,thus providing the maximum functional uplift
with the goal of returning natural/historic functions to a former degraded aquatic resource. The design
approach and mitigation work plan are described in the following subsections.
6.1 Design Approach
The Project involves the restoration of approximately 9,965 feet of stream (Figure 9). The proposed
Project will improve the function of existing wetland systems and restore a stable headwater stream-
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wetland complex. Aquatic resources on the site have been severely impacted by past channelization,
ditching, direct cattle access, loss of riparian buffers, and past land use.
S100 and S200, including S101, S102 and S103 are highly degraded and moderately to highly incised due
to past channelization and/or natural stream incision in response to land use changes. The design
approach for the entire length of S100 and S200 will involve reconnecting the streams to active floodplains
(Priority Level I and II Restoration Approaches), with a preference for Priority Level I Restoration when
feasible. By reconnecting the streams to a functional floodplain, the following functional improvements
will be achieved:
• Rehabilitation/Enhancement of Adjacent Riparian Wetlands — Based on observed soil profiles
that are exposed along eroding stream banks, it is apparent that wetlands were once prevalent
along much of the Project reaches. Numerous groundwater springs discharge along the toe of
adjacent hill slopes, and in some areas are still enough to support degraded wetland habitats.
Raising of the stream beds and reconnection to an active floodplain will promote higher water
table conditions adjacent to the streams and more overbank flooding.
• Filtration of Flood Flows— Currently, discharges significantly higher than the bankfull discharge
are carried within the incised stream channels. Reconnection to an active floodplain will provide
filtration of flood flows through floodplain vegetation, effectively reducing storm flow energies
and velocities.
• Improved Buffer Function — Higher water table conditions associated with reconnecting the
floodplain will promote better denitrification of groundwater flowing to the stream channels.
Rehabilitated wetland areas adjacent to the stream will promote increased plant uptake and
retention of surface runoff before reaching the stream channels, minimizing overland flow
velocities while also encouraging nutrient removal processes.
• Reduced Water Quality Impacts— By simply excluding livestock from the project stream using
fencing and restoring riparian buffers, significant reductions in direct input of nutrients and fecal
coliform will be achieved.
Design approaches will ensure that all excavated floodplain areas allow for the design meander belt width,
plus an additional 1.5 bankfull widths. For most project reaches this equates to a design floodplain width
of between 50 to 70 feet.This width is considered practical and achievable based on available floodplain
widths measured in the field. In some locations, natural pinches in the valley topography may necessitate
tighter floodplain widths. For excavated floodplain areas, depths will be undercut so that excavated
topsoil can be replaced to approximately 8 to 10 inches in depth to achieve final design floodplain grades.
Good quality topsoil will be stockpiled separately during construction activities to be used in the
replacement of topsoil in excavated areas. The slopes between the outer edge of the floodplain grading
and the terrace will be a minimum of4:1 unless natural hill slope topography dictates the need for steeper
slopes.
In-stream structures will be constructed from materials naturally found at the project site, such as
hardwood logs and brush, with the use of quarried rock and stone as needed. WLS will use methods of
structure design and construction that have proven successful on numerous past projects, and practices
that have been well received by regulatory agencies.
The design approaches for the reaches were determined using drainage areas, regional curve analysis,
slopes, and site constraints. The construction drawings provided in Appendix A describe the proposed
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construction methods including channel sizing, planimetric geometry, slopes, instream structures, and
elevations of all pertinent features. Data characterizing the existing, proposed, and design morphological
characteristics for each reach can be found in Appendix C.The design approach for each reach is described
in the table and sections below.
6.2 Design Criteria Selection
The design criteria (Table 10) were selected based off the regional curve analysis, reference reach data,
and professional judgement as described in Section 6.4. Site constraints and slopes for each reach are
described in Table 10 and the following sections
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Table 10. Proposed Design Parameters
S100-North S100-North S100-North S100-North S200 South S200 South S200 South S200 South
5100-North S100- S100-
of 1-40, of 1-40, of 1-40, of 1-40, S200 North S200 North of 1-40, of 1-40, of 1-40, of 1-40
above above of 1-40,above S102 R1 5103 R1 below below South of I South of I 5101 R1 of 1-40 R1 of 1-40 R2 above above below belo
crossing R3 40 R1 40 R2
Parameter crossing R1 crossing R2 crossing R1 crossing R2 crossing R1 crossing R2 crossing R1 crossing R2
Drainage Area, DA 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.01 0.01 0.3 0.3 0.39 0.39 0.02 0.13 0.13 0.18 0.18 0.26 0.26
(sq mi)
Stream Type B(inter- B(inter- B(inter-
Step-pool Bc C C B C B Step-pool B C Bc C B
(Rosgen) mittent) mittent) mittent)
Bankfull Riffle XSE 3 3 3 0.4 0.4 7 7 8 8 0.8 4 4 4 4 6 6
Area,Abkf(sq ft)
Bankfull Mean
Velocity,Vbkf 2 2 2 5.5 5.5 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.4 4.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 1.8 1.8
(ft/sec)
Bankfull Riffle Width, 6.5 6.5 6.5 2.4 2.4 9.9 9.9 10.6 10.6 3.3 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 9.2 9.2
Wbkf(ft)
Bankfull Riffle Mean 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.24 0.24 0.71 0.71 0.76 0.76 0.33 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.65 0.65
Depth, Dbkf(ft)
Width to Depth 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14
Ratio,W/D (ft/ft)
Width Floodprone 9.1- 14.3 9.1- 14.3 >14.3 3.4-5.2 3.4-5.2 >21.8 13.9-21.8 >23.4 14.9-23.4 4.7-7..2 10.5-16.5 10.5- 16.5 >16.5 10.5- 16.5 >20.3 10.9-20.3
Area,Wfpa (ft)
Entrenchment Ratio, 1.4-2.2 1.4-2.2 >2.2 1.4-2.2 1.4-2.2 >2.2 1.4-2.2 >2.2 1.4-2.2 1.4-2.2 1.4-2.2 1.4-2.2 >2.2 1.4-2.2 >2.2 1.4-2.2
Wfpa/Wbkf(ft/ft)
Riffle Max Depth 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
Ratio, Dmax/Dbkf
Bank Height Ratio, 1- 1.1 1-1.1 1-1.1 1- 1.1 1- 1.1 1-1.1 1-1.1 1- 1.1 1- 1.1 1- 1.1 1- 1.1 1-1.1 1-1.1 1-1.1 1- 1.1 1-1.1
Dtob/Dmax(ft/ft)
Meander Length N/A N/A 7.0-12.0 N/A N/A 7.0- 12.0 N/A 7.0-12.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A 7.0-12.0 N/A 7.0- 12.0 N/A
Ratio, Lm/Wbkf
Radius of Curvature N/A N/A 2.0-3.5 N/A N/A 2.0-3.5 N/A 2.0-3.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A 2.0-3.5 N/A 2.0-3.5 N/A
Ratio, Rc/Wbkf
Meander Width N/A N/A 3.5-8.0 N/A N/A 3.5-8.0 N/A 3.5-8.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A 3.5-8.0 N/A 3.5-8.0 N/A
Ratio,Wblt/Wbkf
Channel Sinuosity, K 1.03 1.11 1.24 1.08 1.06 1.21 1.01 1.29 1.10 1.07 1.02 1.07 1.14 1.05 1.33 1.04
Channel Slope,Schan 0.052- 0.016- 0.021- 0.004- 0.011- 0.067-
(ft/ft) 0.215 0.013 0.010-0.015 0.25 0.26 0.009-0.011 0.019 0.009 0.022 0.069 0.101 0.024 0.009 0.009 0.008 0.02
Riffle Slope Ratio, 1.1-1.8 1.1-1.8 1.5-2.0 1.1-2.0 1.1-2.0 1.5-2.0 1.1-1.8 1.5-2.0 1.1- 1.8 1.1-2.0 1.1-1.8 1.1-1.8 1.5-2.0 1.1- 1.8 1.5-2.0 1.1- 1.8
Sriff/Schan
Pool Slope Ratio, 0.0-0.2 0.0-0.2 0.0-0.2 0.0-0.2 0.0-0.2 0.0-0.2 0.0-0.2 0.0-0.2 0.0-0.2 0.0-0.2 0.0-0.2 0.0-0.2 0.0-0.2 0.0-0.2 0.0-0.2 0.0-0.2
Spool/Schan
Pool Width Ratio, 2.6-3.0 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5 2.4 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5
Wpool/Wbkf
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6.2.1 Stream Design Reach Summary
Restoration
S100(North of 1-40, above crossing)
This section of S100 (North of 1-40, above crossing) will be broken into three design reaches described
below.S100 begins as a highly incised channel that becomes less incised as it flows downstream and opens
into an alluvial valley.The extreme incision at the upstream end of the reach will be addressed by routing
storm flows from the ephemeral drainage upstream through the existing gully on the east side of the
headwater system. Reach 1 is a step-pool channel through the existing gully on the east side of the
headwater system that will consist of rock step structures and constructed riffles/cascades to step storm
flows down to the existing streambed elevation. The western gully will be stabilized by installing a gravel
drain at the existing channel elevation that will continue to transport spring flow to the channel,and then
filling and sloping the gully over the gravel drain to stabilize the area without needing to remove any of
the large trees along the top of the bank.
Downstream of the stream head, reach 2 will begin and the bed elevation of the stream will be raised over
a distance of approximately 370 feet to reconnect the stream with its original floodplain and is designed
as a Bc channel due to a constrained valley. Fill material will be taken from adjacent upland areas to raise
the streambed,and constructed riffle structures will be installed to ensure bed stability.Woody structures
such as toe wood and log vanes, along with bioengineering practices, will be used to stabilize the outside
meander bends and other areas of high bank stress. Downstream of the constrained valley, reach 3 begins
and is designed as a C channel as the design pattern will follow a meandering plan form through the
alluvial valley.This Priority Level I Restoration will be carried down to the farm crossing.
S100(North of 1-40, below crossing)
This section of S100 will be broken into two design reaches described below. Due to the highly incised and
unstable nature of these stream reaches, a Priority Level I and II Restoration approach is proposed that
will both raise the stream bed elevation and lower the adjacent floodplain slightly to restore floodplain
access. Excavation of a floodplain at a lower elevation is the most practical approach to restoration since
a significant amount of fill material would be required to raise the streambed and stabilize eroding banks
and hill slopes.This approach also provides the opportunity to remove upland alluvial sediments that have
been deposited on the floodplain as a result of poor land use practices in the past, thus exposing the
buried hydric soil layers that are present along the reaches. Exposing the buried hydric soils, raising the
local water table by raising the streambed, and providing for greater floodplain storage will provide
significant uplift of lost riparian wetland function. A new culverted farm crossing will also be added with
a 42-inch smooth wall HDPE. Reach 1 will be designed as a C channel and the design pattern will follow a
meandering plan form through the alluvial valley.This reach will be carried down until it is needed to drop
to connect back into the existing 1-40 culvert. Reach 2 will be designed as a B channel with frequent pools,
constructed riffles, rock structures, and steps to dissipate energy.
S100(South of 1-40)
This section of S100 design is similar to that used for S100 north of 1-40, below the existing crossing, and
will be broken into two design reaches described below. The restoration approach will begin by raising
the elevation of the stream to the culvert. Due to the highly incised and unstable nature of these stream
reaches, a Priority Level II Restoration approach is proposed to both raise the stream bed elevation and
lower the adjacent floodplain slightly to restore floodplain access. Excavation of a floodplain at a lower
elevation is the most practical approach to restoration since a significant amount of fill material would be

required to raise the streambed and stabilize eroding banks and hill slopes. This approach also provides
the opportunity to remove upland alluvial sediments that have been deposited on the floodplain as a
result of poor land use practices in the past, thus exposing the buried hydric soil layers that are present
along the reaches. Exposing the buried hydric soils, raising the local water table by raising the streambed,
and providing for greater floodplain storage will provide significant uplift of lost riparian wetland function.
Reach 1 will be designed as a C channel and the design pattern will follow a meandering plan form through
the alluvial valley. This reach will be carried down until it is needed to drop to connect back into the
existing farm culverts at the end of S100. Reach 2 will be designed as a B channel with frequent pools,
constructed riffles, rock structures and steps to dissipate energy.
5101 and 5102
Due to the incised and unstable nature of these stream reaches, a combination of Priority Level I and II
Restoration approaches are proposed that will raise the stream bed elevation to restore floodplain access.
This approach also provides the opportunity to raise the local water table, providing for greater floodplain
storage and a significant uplift of lost riparian wetland function.
Downstream of the stream head for both reaches, the streambed elevation will be raised to reconnect
the stream with its original floodplain. Fill material will be taken from adjacent upland areas to raise the
streambed, and constructed riffle structures will be installed to ensure bed stability. Woody structures
such as toe wood,along with bioengineering practices,will be used to stabilize the outside meander bends
and other areas of high bank stress. The design pattern will follow a meandering plan form through the
alluvial valley. This Priority Level I Restoration will be transitioned down to the confluences with S100
using shallow Priority Level II Restoration only where/if needed.
While this restoration approach requires the removal of some trees along the reaches, tree loss will be
minimized to the extent possible. In many areas,the approach can be applied while working around larger
trees that would provide shade and organic material to the stream after restoration.Trees are most dense
along the lower portion of S100 north of 1-40 below the crossing; however,tree loss due to bank erosion
in this area is significant under existing conditions. These stream reaches are attempting to form active
floodplains at a lower elevation but are early in the evolutionary process.Therefore,considerable erosion,
mass wasting, and tree loss will continue before the system would begin to approach stability on its own.
5103
Due to the unstable nature of this stream reach, a combination of Priority Level I and II Restoration
approaches will raise the stream bed elevation to connect to S100 using shallow Priority Level II
Restoration only where/ if needed. The stream will be designed as a step-pool channel that primarily
follows the existing channel alignment. Rock step structures and a constructed cascade will be used to
step storm flows down to the S100 design streambed elevation.
5200(North of 1-40)
This section of S200 will be broken into two design reaches described below. This section is the most
incised of all the project reaches. Restoration will begin above the culverted farm crossing at the beginning
of the reach, where the existing 21 inch diameter culvert crossing will be removed, and the farm path re-
routed to above the reach as part of the project. Reach 1 will be designed as a step-pool channel that
consists of rock step structures and a constructed cascade that will be used to step storm flows down.
Reach 2 is designed as a B channel with a Priority Level II Restoration approach, involving raising the
stream bed several feet and excavating a bench in some areas along the right stream bank, which has
minimal large trees. Reach 2 primarily follows the existing channel alignment, due to the higher slope of
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the reach and the need to tie into the 1-40 road culvert at the downstream end of the reach. Rock
structures and constructed riffles/cascades will be used along the reach to ensure bed stability and to
arrest channel incision and headcutting that is currently occurring along the reach. Near the downstream
end of the reach above 1-40, stable benches have already formed along the stream; therefore, in this
location, stabilization practices will focus on minimizing future downcutting and treating eroding side
slopes.
S200(South of 1-40, above crossing)
This section of S200 will be broken into two design reaches described below. The restoration approach
will begin by raising the elevation of the stream to the culvert.The design floodplain will connect into the
existing benches that have formed to provide better floodplain connection. Constructed riffle structures
will be installed to ensure bed stability. Reach 1 is designed as a meandering C channel.Woody structures
such as toe wood and log vanes, along with bioengineering practices, will be used to stabilize the outside
meander bends and other areas of high bank stress. The design pattern will follow a meandering plan
form through the alluvial valley. Reach 2 is designed as a Bc channel due to a constrained valley going into
the proposed farm crossing.This Priority Level 11 Restoration will be carried down for both reaches. Some
areas of invasive species vegetation have begun to establish, mainly Chinese privet and Japanese
stiltgrass. Treatment of invasive species vegetation will be included under the restoration approach. The
culvert crossing is a 60-inch smooth wall HDPE.
S200(South of 1-40, below crossing)
This section of S200 will be broken into two design reaches described below. The restoration approach
for this reach will be the same as the approach described above for S100 south of 1-40. However, this
section of S200 has few mature trees along its length since trees were timbered along much of the reach
within the past 10 years. Within this cutover area, young successional species have begun to establish
along the reach, along with a considerable amount of Chinese privet. Treatment of invasive species
vegetation will be included under the restoration approach, as well as minor benching along this reach to
provide floodplain reconnection, which will promote the restoration of adjacent riparian wetland
functions.
6.3 Flow Regime
A majority of stream miles (>80 percent) in North Carolina are classified as headwater streams (drainage
area <3.9 mi2), however, less than 10 percent of the 284 USGS stream gages in North Carolina are located
on headwater streams (EFSAB, 2013). WLS recognizes the importance of these stream flow variables and
the ecological role they play in supporting high functioning steam and wetland systems, especially in
urbanizing watersheds. As such, flow monitoring will be conducted to demonstrate that the restored
stream systems exhibit seasonal base flow during a year with normal rainfall conditions.The surface flow
documentation methods are further described in Section 9.Table 11 summarizes the basic flow levels and
ecological roles the restoration design will provide after Project implementation.
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Table 11. Flow Level and Ecological Role
-Provide year-round habitat for aquatic organisms(drying/inundation pattern)
Low Flow(Base Flow): -Maintain suitable conditions for water temperature and dissolved oxygen
occurs most -Provide water source for riparian plants and animals
frequently/seasonally -Enable movement through stream corridor and refuge from predators
-Support hyporheic functions and aquatic organisms
-Shape and maintain physical stream channel form
-Create and maintain pools, in-stream and refuge habitat
Channel-forming Flow: -Redistribute and sort fine and coarse sediments
infrequent,flow duration of -Reduce encroachment of vegetation in channel and establishment of exotic
a few days per year species
-Maintain water quality by flushing pollutants
-Maintain hyporheic connection by mobilizing bed and fine material
-Create in-channel bars for seed colonization of native riparian plants
-Deposition of fine sediment and nutrients on floodplain
-Maintain diversity,function,and health of riparian floodplain vegetation
Flood Flow:very infrequent, -Create streamside habitat, new channels,sloughs, and off-channel rearing
flow duration of a few days habitat through lateral channel migration and avulsion
per decade or century -Recharge floodplain and storage processes
-Recruitment of native wood and organic material into channel
6.3.1 Regional Curve Comparison
Regional curves developed by Dunne and Leopold (1978) relate bankfull channel dimensions to drainage
area and are based on the channel forming discharge theory,which states that one unique flow can yield
the same channel morphology as the full range of flows. Gage station analyses throughout the United
States have shown that the bankfull discharge has an average return interval of 1.5 years or 66.7%annual
exceedance probability on the maximum annual series (Dunne and Leopold, 1978; Leopold, 1994).
Hydraulic geometry relationships are empirically derived and can be developed for a specific river or
extrapolated to a watershed in the same physiographic region with similar rainfall/runoff relationships
(FISRWG, 1998). The NC Rural Piedmont Regional Curve (Harman et al., 1999), unpublished NC Piedmont
Regional Curve (NRCS, Walker, private communication, 2015) and NC Urban Piedmont Regional Curve
(Doll, 2002) were used for comparison when estimating bankfull discharge. The NC Rural and Urban
Piedmont Regional Curves and bankfull hydraulic geometry equations are shown in Table 12.
Table 12. North Carolina Rural and Urban Piedmont Regional Curve Equations
Unpublished Revised NC Rural Published NC Rural Piedmont Published NC Urban Piedmont
Piedmont Regional Curve Equations, Regional Curve Equations, Regional Curve Equations
(NRCS,2015) (Harman et al., 1999) (Doll et al.,2002)
Qbkf =55.31 Aw°.79 R2=0.97 Qbkf=89.04 Aw°.72 R2=0.91 Qbkf=306.80 Aw 0.63 R2=0.94
Abkf = 19.23 Aw°65 R2=0.97 Abkf =21.43 Aw 0.68 R2=0.95 Abkf =60.34 Aw°65 R2=0.95
Wbkf = 17.41 Aw 0 37 R2=0.79 Wbkf = 11.89 Aw 0 43 R2=0.81 Wbkf =24.39 Aw°33 R2=0.88
Dbkf = 1.09 Aw°.29 R2=0.80 Dbkf = 1.50 Aw°.32 R2=0.88 Dbkf =2.43 Aw°33 R2=0.87
It's important to note these tributaries are classified as first and second order streams, and generally
smaller headwater streams can be poorly represented on the regional curves. Based on our experience,
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both the published Rural and Urban NC Piedmont Regional Curve Equations overestimate bankfull
discharge and channel dimensions for smaller ungaged streams, such as those present at the Project site.
Due to the development occurring within the project watershed, WLS compared both the NC Piedmont
Rural and Urban Regional Curves to assist in the channel design process.The proposed channel geometry
was adequately sized to accommodate both current and potential future development by allowing natural
channel responses over time without compromising overall stability. Throughout many of the project
reaches, WLS increased channel cross sectional geometry slightly above thresholds in both the
unpublished and published rural regional curves, but still within acceptable confidence intervals. This
approach will allow project reaches to adapt to changing watershed conditions (i.e. increasing
imperviousness) and climate fluctuations while still allowing frequent storm events access to floodplains
during flows above bankfull, and maintain a healthy aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem.
6.3.2 Channel Forming Discharge
A hydrologic analysis was completed to estimate and validate the design discharge and channel geometry
required to provide more frequent overbank flows and floodplain inundation. Cross-sections were
identified and surveyed to represent reach-wide conditions. Additional bankfull estimation methods,such
as the commonly accepted Manning's equation, were compared to help interpret and adjust field
observations to select the appropriate design criteria and justification for the design approach.
The bankfull flows in gaged watersheds within the NC Rural Piedmont study documented return intervals
(RI) that range from 1.1 to 1.8, with a mean of 1.4 years (Harman et al, 1999). EPR also compared the 2-
year flow frequency using the published USGS regression equation for small rural streams (DA <_3 mil)
within the Piedmont hydrologic area of North Carolina(USGS,2014). As expected,these values fall slightly
above the published bankfull discharge, but were extrapolated to represent a wider range of flows. WLS
then compared lower flow frequencies in the 1.0-yr, 1.2-yr, and 1.5-yr RI range versus survey data, and
field observations (See Appendix C).
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Table 13. Design Discharge Analysis Summary
USGS USGS USGS
Published Regression Regression
Unpublished Regression
Watershed NC Rural Equation Equation Design
Project Drainage Piedmont NC Rural Manning's Equation for 1.5- for 1.2- Discharge
Reach Piedmont Equation for 2-year
Area(sq Regional year year Estimate
3
Designation Regional (cfs) Recurrence
mi) Curve 2 Recurrence Recurrence (cfs)
(cfs)1 Curve(cfs) Interval Interval Interval
(cfs)° (cfs)5 (cfs)5
S100-
North of 1-
40,above 0.09 15.7 8.3 6 31.2 25.0 20.4 6
crossing
S102 0.01 3.2 1.5 2.2 6.4 - - 2.2
S103 0.01 3.2 1.5 2.2 6.4 - - 2.2
S100-
North of I- 0.3 37.4 21.4 18.5 71.9 49.7 36.8 18.5
40,below
crossing
S100-
South of I- 0.39 45.2 26.4 19 89.4 61.7 45.8 19
40
S101 0.02 5.3 2.5 3.4 10.5 - - 3.4
S200 North 0.13 20.5 11.1 9 48.6 42.2 36.2 9
of 1-40
S200 South
of 1-40, 0.18 25.9 14.3 9 59.3 47.8 40.3 9
above
crossing
S200 South
of 1-40, 0.26 33.8 19.2 11 72.0 55.7 44.6 11
below
crossing
Note 1:Published NC Piedmont Regional Curve(Harman et al., 1999).
Note 2:Unpublished Revised NC Rural Piedmont Regional Curve developed by NRCS(A. Walker personal communication,
2015).
Note 3: Bankfull discharge estimates vary based on Manning's Equation for the representative riffle cross-sections.
Bankfull stage roughness estimates(n-values)ranged from approximately 0.020 to 0.023 based on channel slopes, depth,
bed material size, and vegetation influence.
Note 4:USGS rural regression equation for 2-year flood recurrence interval, Q2
=163(DA)^0.7089*10^(0.0133*(IMPNLCD06))for small rural streams(USGS,2011)
Note 5:NC USGS rural regression equation extrapolated for 1.2-and 1.5-year flood recurrence interval(USGS, 2011)
After considering these estimation methods and results (geometry measurements, regional curves, flow
frequency and USGS regional regression equations), WLS estimated the design discharge using values
between the published NC Rural and Urban Piedmont Regional Curves and Manning's equation to select
the appropriate design dimensions and flows rates that best correspond to the design channel that will
convey the 1.2-yr to 1.5-yr RI. The design discharge analysis summary is provided in Appendix C.
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6.3.3 Channel Stability and Sediment Transport Analysis
A channel stability and sediment transport analysis was performed to ensure that the stream restoration
design creates a stable channel that does not aggrade or degrade over time.The existing reaches exhibit
signs of degradation rather than aggradation. Sediment supply to the Project is expected to be
transportable since there is little evidence of aggradation within the Site.The shear stress and maximum
particle size entrained were calculated and compared with the sub-pavement and pavement/active riffle
samples collected from the existing reaches as shown in Appendix C. Particles will be entrained near the
riffle d50 and d84 during a bankfull flow event.This analysis provides evidence that the stresses predicted
for the design channels will be within the range of stable values calculated for similar stream systems.The
full sediment transport analysis is provided in Appendix C along with the sub-pavement and pavement
sample results.
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Table 14. Boundary Shear Stress and Stream Power
5100 5100 5100 5100 S100 S200
North of North of North of North of North of 5100 S100 S200 5200 S200 South of 5200
S200 South of[South of I• South of I•
1-40, 1-40, 1-40, S102 R1 S103 R1 140, I-40, South South S101 R1 North North of 40,above 40,above 1-40, 40,below
above above above below below of 1-40 of 1-40 of 1-40 below
1-40 R2 crossing crossing crossing
crossing crossing crossing crossing crossing R1 R2 R1 R1 R2 crossing R2
Parameter R1 R2 R3 R1 R2 R1
Channel Bottom
Width(ft) 2.6 2.6 2.6 0.9 0.9 4 4 4.2 4.2 1.3 3 3 3 3 3.7 3.7
Channel Energy 0.052- 0.010- 0.016- 0.021- 0.009- 0.004- 0.011- 0.067-
Slope(feet/foot) 0.215 0.013 0.015 0.25 0.26 0.011 0.018 0.009 0.022 0.069 0.101 0.024 0.009 0.009 0.008 0.02
Moveable particle
size per Shields 32-82 32-82 24-67
Curve(mm)
Bankfull XSC Area
3 3 3 0.4 0.4 7 7 8 8 0.8 4 4 4 4 6 6
(square feet)
Composite
0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04
Mannings'n'Value
Bankfull Width,W
(feet) 6.5 6.5 6.5 2.4 2.4 9.9 9.9 10.6 10.6 3.3 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 9.2 9.2
Bankfull Depth,D
(feet) 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.24 0.24 0.71 0.71 0.76 0.76 0.33 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.65 0.65
Hydraulic Radius,R
(feet) 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.15 0.15 0.68 0.68 0.73 0.73 0.21 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.63 0.63
Bankfull Velocity
(ft/s) 2 2 2 5.5 5.5 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.4 4.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 1.8 1.8
Bankfull Discharge,
Q(cfs) 6 6 6 2.2 2.2 18.5 18.5 19 19 3.4 9 9 9 9 11 11
Boundary
Ibs/ft2)Stres r -- ■
Shear
0.4 0.4 1.1 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.3
(W�Z)Power -- ■
12.8 8.6 23.1 18.9 14.9 9.4 26.5 9.9 9.9 8.8
Active
Riffle d50 -- 30.0 ---- 21.9 ■-.--- 15.9
Active
Riffle d84 -- 47.3 ---- 43.7 ■-.--- 41.3
Subpavement d50 -- 17.5 ---- 3.0 ■-.--- 3.8
(mm)

6.4 Reference Sites
6.4.1 Reference Streams
The rural Piedmont regional curve (Harman, 1999) was used to verify bankfull discharge and area on
project streams. However, the dataset used to create the regional curve only contains two sites with
drainage areas less than 2 square miles. Additionally, data collected in Surry County indicates that the
rural Piedmont regional curve may overestimate bankfull dimensions for sites with drainage areas less
than 10 square miles.
Rather than relying on a single reference reach for design criteria,the design criteria applied to the Project
are based on surveys of multiple reference reaches conducted in the past,two new reference reach sites
(described below), published reference reach data, and design criteria and monitoring data from past
successful restoration projects performed throughout the Piedmont region of North Carolina. Reference
data compiled and presented by Lowther (2008) for similar stream types, drainage areas, and slopes
within the Piedmont of North Carolina were reviewed to evaluate appropriate ranges of sinuosity and
pattern data. Lowther evaluated 19 reference reach streams across the Piedmont of North Carolina—our
assessment only focused on the streams in the western portion of the presented data set that were closest
to the project site. Because the ranges provided by this analysis were quite wide, EPR evaluated this
reference information against past completed stream restoration projects that have performed well and
have been tested by significant storm events.
For the smaller streams on the project site,two potential reference sites were located, both of which are
on private property and require permission to access.The first site, UT to Pauls Creek, has a drainage area
of 0.14 square miles and had consistent bankfull indicators throughout the reach but was impacted by a
gravel road running down the hillslope to a neighboring agricultural field. Rapid methods were used to
collect a riffle cross section and the difference between water surface and bankfull features to provide a
small drainage area point to the regional curve data. The second site, UT to Little Fisher River, has a
drainage area of 0.02 square miles and was surveyed in detail.
The UT to Little Fisher River reference site was separated into two reaches and EPR collected longitudinal
profiles and cross sections within both reaches. While there was flowing water in both reaches, the two
reaches are separated by a dry section of channel (14 feet in length) where the flow was subterranean
during both site visits.The upstream reach (riffle 1 and pool 1)was within a colluvial valley draining to the
large Little Fisher River floodplain.The downstream reach (riffle 2) consisted of 40 feet of a single-thread
sandy channel on the Little Fisher River floodplain before a collapsed pedestrian/ATV crossing disrupts
the channel and the flow disperses into a wetland. Geomorphic data are summarized for both of these
reaches below.

Table 15. Reference Reach Data Comparison
Parameter Local Reference Composite Reference Data
Data
UT to UT to
Little Pauls
Fisher Creek
Stream Type(Rosgen) C4 C4 C B Bc Step
pool
Bankfull Mean Velocity,Vbkf(ft/s) - - - - - -
Width to Depth Ratio,W/D(ft/ft) 14.02- 4.51 10- 14 10- 18 10- 18 10-18
16.13
Entrenchment Ratio,Wfpa/Wbkf(ft/ft) 2.05 1.96 >2.2 1.4 2.2 1.4 2.2 1.4 2.2
6.81
Riffle Max Depth Ratio, Dmax/Dbkf 1.28 1.31 1.2 1.5 1.1 1.5 1.1 1.5 1.1 1.5
1.44
Bank Height Ratio, Dtob/Dmax(ft/ft) 1 - 1.0- 1.1 1.0- 1.1 1.0- 1.1 1.0-1.1
Meander Length Ratio, Lm/Wbkf 3.0-5.2 - 7.0-12.0 N/A N/A N/A
Radius of Curvature Ratio, Rc/Wbkf 1.4-2.0 - 2.0-3.5 N/A N/A N/A
Meander Width Ratio,Wblt/Wbkf 1.5-2.0 - 3.5-8.0 N/A N/A N/A
1.04- - 1.2- 1.4 1.0- 1.1 1.0- 1.1 1.0-1.1
Sinuosity, K
1.3
- - - - - -
Valley Slope,Sval (ft/ft) 0.0217
0.0611
0.0209- - - - - -
Channel Slope,Schan (ft/ft) 0.047
Pool Max Depth Ratio, Dmaxpool/Dbkf 1.9 - 2.0-3.5 2.0-3.5 2.0-3.5 2.0-3.5
Pool Width Ratio,Wpool/Wbkf 0.8 - 1.3- 1.7 1.1- 1.5 1.1- 1.5 1.1-1.5
Pool-Pool Spacing Ratio, Lps/Wbkf 3.0-4.3 - 4.0-7.0 1.5-5.0 1.5-5.0 1.5-5.0
Note 1: Composite reference reach values and ratios were compared using the stable streams described above.
Note 2: Reference reach data was collected at UT to Fisher,and UT to Pauls Creek respectively.
6.5 Water Quality Treatment Features
There are four areas for S100 and six areas on S200 of active erosion due to overland flow and highway
ditches on 1-40. To stabilize these eroding areas, water quality treatment features are proposed in the
form of floodplain inceptors and matted grass swales to dissipate energy and gradually step-down to the
stable design streams.
6.6 Revegetation Plan
Riparian buffers will be established a minimum of 50 feet from the top of the streambanks along each of
the Project reaches,as well as permanently protecting those buffers with a conservation easement. Many
of the proposed riparian buffer widths within the conservation easement are greater than 50 feet along
one or both streambanks to provide additional functional uplift potential.
Proposed plantings will be conducted using native tree species seedlings. Proposed plantings will
predominantly consist of bare root vegetation and will generally be planted at a total target density of
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680 stems per acre.This planting density has proven successful with the reforestation of past mitigation
projects, based on current USACE regulatory guidelines requiring.
The proposed plant selection will help to establish an appropriate natural vegetation community based
on reference conditions and water quality goals.Schafale's(2012) Natural Communities of North Carolina,
as well as existing mature species identified throughout the Project area, were referenced during the
development of riparian buffer planting plan for the Project site. The closest approximation natural
communities are Piedmont/Low Mountain Alluvial Forest on the narrow stream floodplains and Mixed-
Mesic Hardwood Forest (Piedmont Subtype) on adjacent side slopes. Species proposed for revegetation
planting are presented in Table 11. Riparian wetlands are generally too small to necessitate a separate
community designation.
Table 16. Proposed Riparian Buffer Bare Root Plantings
Proposed for Mixed-
Scientific Name Common Name Planting by Mesic Alluvial Forest
Species Forest
Betula nigra River birch 15% Yes
Fraxinus Green ash 4% Yes
pennsylvanica
Platanus American 15% Yes
occidentalis sycamore
Ulmus American elm 5% Yes
americana
Quercus Swamp chestnut 15%
michauxii oak
Yes Yes
Quercus alba White oak 15% Yes Yes
Quercus phellos Willow oak 10% Yes
Quercus nigra Water oak 10% Yes
Shagbark 5%
Cary ovata Hickory Yes
Diospyros Persimmon 6% Yes Yes
virginiana
Note:Final species selection may change due to refinement or availability at the time of
planting.Species substitutions will be coordinated between WLS and planting
contractor prior to the procurement of seeding stock.
6.6.1 Planting Materials and Methods
Planting will be conducted during the dormant season, with all trees installed between Mid-November
and April 30h. The final planting zone limits may be modified based on these observations and
comparisons, and the final selection of the location of the planted species will be matched according to
the species wetness tolerance and the anticipated wetness of the planting area.
Live Staking and Live Branch Cuttings: Where black willow (Salix nigra) live staking is proposed on
streambanks, live stakes will typically be installed at a minimum of 40 stakes per 1,000 square feet and
the stakes will be spaced approximately two to three feet apart in meander bends and six to eight feet
apart in the riffle sections, using a triangular spacing pattern along the streambanks, between the toe of
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the streambank and bankfull elevation.When bioengineering is proposed, live branch cutting bundles will
be installed at five linear feet per bundle approximately two to three branches thick.
Permanent Seeding: Permanent seed mixtures of native species herbaceous vegetation and temporary
herbaceous vegetation seed mixtures will be applied to all disturbed areas of the Project site.Temporary
and permanent seeding will be conducted simultaneously at all disturbed areas of the Project site during
construction and will conducted with mechanical broadcast spreaders.Table 17 lists the proposed species,
mixtures, and application rates for permanent seeding. The vegetation species proposed for temporary
seeding germinate quickly to swiftly establish vegetative ground cover and thus, short term stability.The
permanent seed mixture proposed is suitable for streambank, floodplain, and adjacent riparian wetland
areas,and the upland transitional areas in the riparian buffer. Beyond the riparian buffer areas,temporary
and permanent seeding will also be conducted at all other disturbed areas of the Project site that are
susceptible to erosion. If temporary seeding is applied from November through April, rye grain will be
used and applied at a rate of 130 pounds per acre. If applied from May through October, temporary
seeding will consist of browntop millet, applied at a rate of 40 pounds per acre.
Table 17. Proposed Riparian Buffer Permanent Seeding
Scientific Name Common Name %Proposed for Seeding Rate(lb/acre)
Planting by
Species
Andropogon Big blue stem 10% 2.0
gerardii
Dichanthelium
clandestinum Deer tongue 15% 3.0
Elymus virginicus Virginia wildrye 15% 3.0
Panicum virgatum Switchgrass 15% 3.0
Schizachyrium Little blue stem 25% 5.0
scoparium
Rudbeckia hirta Black-eyed susan 10% 2.0
Echinacea purpurea Coneflower 10% 2.0
Note:Final species selection may change due to refinement or availability at the time of
planting.Species substitutions will be coordinated between WLS and planting contractor
prior to the procurement of seeding stock.
Invasive Species:Invasive species vegetation,such as Chinese privet and multiflora rose will be treated to
allow native plants to become established within the conservation easement. During the Project
implementation,invasive species exotic vegetation will be treated both to control its presence and reduce
its spread within the conservation easement areas.
6.7 Site Construction Methods
6.7.1 Site Grading and Construction Elements
Much of the grading across the Project site will be conducted within the existing riparian corridor. The
restored streams will be excavated within the existing valleys. Suitable fill material will be generated from
new channel excavation and adjacent upland areas and hauled to ditch fill/plugs or stockpile locations as
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necessary. Portions of the existing, unstable channels will be partially to completely filled in along their
length using compactable material excavated from construction of the restored channels.
Floodplain grading activities will focus on restoring pre-disturbance valley topography by removing field
crowns, overburden/spoil, and surface drains that were imposed during conversion of the land for
agriculture. In general, floodplain grading activities will be minor, with the primary goal of soil
scarification, creating depressional areas, water quality and habitat features, and microtopographic
crenulations by filling the drainage features at the Project site back to natural ground elevations(Scherrer,
1999). Any excess material not used for ditch plugging or suitable as a soil base for vegetation will be
spread across upland areas outside of the easement boundary and jurisdictional WOTUS.
6.7.2 Stream, Wetland and Floodplain Improvement Features
Stream improvement features such as in-stream structures and bioengineering techniques are proposed
for grade control, streambank protection, and improving bedform diversity and habitat. All in-stream
structures will be constructed from materials naturally found in the region such as hardwood trees,
trunks/logs, brush/branches, and gravel stone materials. Whenever possible, existing substrate material
in the abandoned stream channels will be harvested and utilized for the new channel locations.
WLS will also incorporate bioengineering practices, when appropriate, that use biodegradable materials
and fabrics, uncompacted soils, live plant cuttings,and native species vegetation to stabilize streambanks.
Bioengineering treatments will provide initial bank stability that allows for the quick establishment of
deep-rooted vegetation along the newly restored streambanks. Additionally, floodplain improvement
features such as coarse woody debris (CWD) will be installed. This will mimic features like tree throws,
snags, stumps, etc. that are commonly found in natural riparian systems. These floodplain improvement
features will be added to provide habitat and serve as water storage and sediment sinks throughout the
corridor to improve riparian functions (Dooley, 2003).
6.7.3 Construction Feasibility
WLS has field verified that the Project site has adequate,viable construction access,staging,and stockpile
areas. Physical constraints or barriers, such as stream crossings, account for only a small percentage of
the proposed total stream reach length within the Project boundary. Existing Project site access points
and features will be used for future access after the completion of construction.
6.7.4 Future Project Risks and Uncertainties
Listed below are identified project risks and uncertainties that have been evaluated in the development
of design plans for the site, along with methods that have been/will be used to address these concerns.
Land Use Development: There is potential for increased land development around the site in the future
that could lead to additional runoff and changes to watershed hydrology.
o Methods to Address: The project area has seen little development in recent years, though
development could occur near the site in the foreseeable future. Restoration of the site to
reconnect streams to their floodplains will reduce the likelihood of future degradation from
watershed changes, as increased flows will spread over a wider floodplain. Grade control (in the
form of constructed instream structures and natural bedrock outcrops) present across the
restored site decrease the chances of future channel incision.
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Easement Encroachment: There is potential for landowner encroachment into the permanent
conservation easement.
o Methods to Address: WLS has had considerable discussions with the landowner regarding the
project requirements and limitations of easement access and is confident that the landowners
fully understand and will maintain the easement protections.The landowner has also completed
previous DMS restoration projects on other property they own.The easement boundaries will be
clearly marked per requirements. Any encroachments that do occur will be remedied by WLS or
the long-term steward to remedy any damage and provide any other corrections required by the
I RT.
Drought and Floods: There is potential for extreme climatic conditions during the monitoring period of
the project.
o Methods to Address: WLS will apply adaptive management techniques as necessary to meet the
site performance criteria. Such adaptive management may include replanting, channel damage
repair, irrigation, or other methods. If adaptive management activities are significant, additional
monitoring may be required by the IRT.
Beavers: While there was no evidence of beaver activity during recent assessments, there is potential for
beavers to affect the site during the monitoring period of the project.
o Methods to Address: WLS will take steps to trap and remove beaver if they threaten Project
success during the monitoring period.
1-40 Widening: There is some potential for the widening of 1-40 along the corridor by the Project which
could affect the conservation easement. At the present time there are no plans to widen 1-40; however,
it could potentially happen sometime in the next 15-30 years.
o Methods to Address: WLS set the easement boundaries 25 feet off the current right of way to
account for potential widening of the corridor. NCDOT has been notified of the Project and did
not provide any guidance for easement set-backs or future encroachment. NCDOT will evaluate
potential encroachments if the need arises.
7 Maintenance Plan
The Project will be monitored on a regular basis and a physical inspection of the Project will take place at
least twice a year throughout the post-construction monitoring period until performance standards are
met.These inspections may identify Project components and features that require routine maintenance.
Routine maintenance is anticipated in the years following Project construction and may include the
following components as described in Table 18.
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Table 18. Routine Maintenance Components
Feature Maintenance Activity Through Close-out
Stream Routine channel maintenance and repair activities may include modifying in-stream structures
to prevent piping,securing loose coir matting, and supplemental installation of live stakes and
other target vegetation along the Project reaches.Areas of concentrated stormwater and
floodplain flows that intercept the channel may also require maintenance.
Vegetation Vegetation will be maintained to ensure the health and vigor of the targeted plant community.
Routine vegetation maintenance and repair activities may include supplemental planting,
pruning,and fertilizing. Exotic invasive plant species will be treated by mechanical and/or
chemical methods.Any invasive plant species control requiring herbicide application will be
performed in accordance with NCDA rules and regulations.
Project Site Project boundaries will be demarcated in the field to ensure clear distinction between the
Boundary Project site and adjacent properties. Boundaries may be identified by fence, marker, bollard,
post,or other means as allowed by Project conditions and/or conservation easement.
Boundary markers disturbed,damaged,or destroyed will be repaired and/or replaced on an as
needed basis.
Stream Crossing The stream crossing(s)within the Project may be maintained only as allowed by the recorded
Conservation Easement,deed restrictions, rights of way,or corridor agreements.
Beaver Routine maintenance and repair activities caused by beaver activity may include supplemental
Management planting, pruning,and dewatering/dam removal. Beaver management will be implemented
using accepted trapping and removal methods only within the recorded Conservation
Easement.
Livestock Exclusion Livestock exclusion fencing will be installed outside the Conservation Easement boundary to
Fencing ensure no cattle are allowed within the Project boundary. Routine maintenance of fencing will
the responsibility of the landowner.
8 Performance Standards
The success criteria for the Project will follow the approved performance standards and monitoring
protocols presented in this mitigation plan which have been developed in compliance with the USACE
October 2016 Guidance, USACE Stream Mitigation Guidelines (April 2003 and October 2005), and 2008
Compensatory Mitigation Final Rule. Monitoring activities will be conducted for a period of seven years
with the final duration dependent upon performance trends toward achieving the Project goals and
objectives. Specific success criteria components and evaluation methods are described below.
8.1 Streams
Stream Hydrology: Four bankfull flow events must be documented within the seven-year monitoring
period.The bankfull events must occur in separate years. Otherwise,the stream monitoring will continue
until four bankfull events have been documented in separate years.
Stream Profiles, Vertical Stability,and Floodplain Access: Stream profiles,as a measure of vertical stability
and floodplain access will be evaluated by looking at Bank Height Ratios (BHR). In addition, observed
bedforms should be consistent with those observed for channels of the design stream type(s). The BHR
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shall not exceed 1.2 along the restored Project stream reaches. This standard only applies to restored
reaches of the channel where BHRs were corrected through design and construction.
Stream Horizontal Stability: Cross-sections will be used to evaluate horizontal stream stability. There
should be little change expected in as-built restoration cross-sections. If measurable changes do occur,they
should be evaluated to determine if the changes represent a movement toward a more unstable condition
(e.g., downcutting, erosion) or a movement towards increased stability (e.g., settling, vegetation
establishment, deposition along the streambanks, decrease in width/depth ratio). Cross-sections shall be
classified using the Rosgen Stream Classification method and all monitored cross-sections should fall within
the quantitative parameters defined for channels of the design stream type.
Streambed Material Condition and Stability: After construction, there should be minimal change in the
particle size distribution of the streambed materials, over time, given the current watershed conditions
and anticipated upstream sediment supply. Since the stream substrate and supply is predominantly fine
particles (sand), significant changes in particle size distribution and excess channel aggradation are not
expected.
Jurisdictional Stream Flow: The restored stream systems must be classified as at least intermittent, and
intermittent streams must exhibit 30 days of continuous flow for some portion of the year during a year
with normal rainfall conditions.
Photo Documentation:Photographs should illustrate the Project's vegetation and morphological stability
on an annual basis. Cross-section photos should demonstrate no excessive erosion or degradation of the
banks. Longitudinal photos should indicate the absence of persistent mid-channel bars or vertical incision.
Grade control structures should remain stable. Deposition of sediment on the bank side of vane arms is
preferable. Maintenance of scour pools on the channel side of vane arms is expected.
8.2 Vegetation
Vegetative restoration success for the Project during the intermediate monitoring years will be based on
the survival of at least 320, three-year-old planted trees per acre at the end of Year 3 of the monitoring
period; and at least 260, five-year-old, planted trees per acre that must average seven feet in height at
the end of Year 5 of the monitoring period. The final vegetative restoration success criteria will be
achieving a density of no less than 210, seven-year-old planted stems per acre that must average 10 feet
in height in Year 7 of monitoring.
8.3 Invasive Species
WLS will treat invasive species vegetation within the project area and provide remedial action on a case
by-case basis. Common invasive species vegetation, such as Chinese privet and multiflora rose will be
removed to allow native plants to become established within the conservation easement. Invasive species
vegetation will be treated by approved mechanical and/or chemical methods. Any control methods
requiring herbicide application will be performed in accordance with NC Department of Agriculture
(NCDA) rules and regulations. If necessary, these removal treatments (i.e., cutting and/or spraying) will
continue until the corrective actions demonstrate that the site is trending towards or meeting the
standard monitoring requirement.
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9 Monitoring Plan
In accordance with the approved mitigation plan, the baseline monitoring document and as-built report
documenting the mitigation activities will be developed within 60 days of the completion of planting and
monitoring device installation at the restored Project. In addition, a period of at least six months will
separate the as-built baseline measurements and the first-year monitoring measurements. The baseline
monitoring document and as-built monitoring report will include all information required by the USACE
Stream Mitigation Guidelines, issued in April 2003 and USACE Guidance for Compensatory Stream and
Wetland Mitigation Conducted for Wilmington District dated October 2016.
WLS will conduct mitigation performance monitoring based on these methods and will submit annual
monitoring reports to IRT by December 31st of each monitoring year during which required monitoring is
conducted. Project success criteria must be met by the final monitoring year prior to project closeout, or
monitoring will continue until unmet criteria are successfully met. The following subsections summarize
the monitoring methods and linkage between the goals, parameters, and expected functional lift
outcomes. Figure 10 illustrates the post-construction monitoring feature types and location.
9.1 Stream Monitoring
Hydrologic monitoring will be conducted for all of the Project stream reaches. For reaches that involve a
combination of traditional Restoration (Rosgen Priority Level I and II)approaches,geomorphic monitoring
methods will be employed to evaluate the effectiveness of the restoration practices. Visual monitoring
will be conducted along these reaches as described herein. For the Project reaches involving an
Enhancement Level II approach, monitoring efforts will focus primarily on visual inspections, photo
documentation, and vegetation assessments, each as described herein. The monitoring of these Project
reaches will utilize the methods described under visual monitoring.
9.1.1 Hydrologic Monitoring
The occurrence of four required bankfull events within the monitoring period,along with floodplain access
by flood flows, will be documented using pressure transducers and/or photography. The pressure
transducers will be installed on the floodplain of the restored channels for monitoring. The pressure
transducers will record the flood stage between monitoring site visits and used to determine if a bankfull
or significant flow event occurred since the previous site visit. Corresponding photographs will be used to
document the occurrence of debris lines and sediment deposition on the floodplain during monitoring
site visits. This hydrologic monitoring will help establish that the restoration objectives of restoring
floodplain functions and promoting more natural flood processes are being met.
9.1.2 Geomorphic Monitoring
Pattern:A planimetric survey will be conducted for the entire length of restored channel immediately after
construction to document as-built baseline conditions (Monitoring Year 0). The survey will be tied to a
permanent benchmark and measurements will include thalweg, bankfull, and top of banks.The plan view
measurements such as sinuosity, radius of curvature, meander width ratio will be taken on newly
constructed meanders during baseline documentation (Monitoring Year 0) only.These measurements will
demonstrate that the restored stream channel pattern provides more stable planform and associated
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features than the old channel, which provide improved aquatic habitat and geomorphic function, as per
the restoration objectives.
Dimension: Permanent cross-sections will be installed and surveyed at an approximate rate of one cross-
section per 20 bankfull widths or an average distance interval (not to exceed 500 LF) of restored stream,
with approximately 50%cross-sections located at riffles, and 50% located at pools. Each cross-section will
be monumented on both streambanks to establish the exact transect used and to facilitate repetition each
year and easy comparison of year-to-year data.The cross-section surveys will occur in years 0 (as-built), 1,
2, 3, 5, and 7, and will include measurements of bankfull cross-sectional area (Abkf) at low bank height,
Bank Height Ratio (BHR)and Entrenchment Ratio(ER).The monitoring survey will include points measured
at all breaks in slope, including top of streambanks, bankfull, inner berm,edge of water,and thalweg, if the
features are present.
There should be minimal change in as-built cross-sections. Stable cross-sections will establish that the
restoration goal of creating geomorphically stable stream conditions has been met. If changes do take
place, they will be documented in the survey data and evaluated to determine if they represent a
movement toward a more unstable condition (e.g., down-cutting or erosion) or a movement toward
increased stability (e.g., settling, vegetative changes, deposition along the streambanks, or decrease in
width-to-depth ratio). Using the Rosgen Stream Classification System, all monitored cross-sections should
fall within the quantitative parameters defined for channels of the design stream type. Given the smaller
channel sizes and meander geometry of the proposed steams, bank pin arrays will not be installed unless
monitoring results indicate active lateral erosion at cross-sections occurring in meander bends or an
increase of greater than 15% in cross-sectional area, or when visual monitoring indicates potential bank
instability.
Reference photo transects will be taken at each permanent cross-section. Lateral photos should not
indicate excessive erosion or continuing degradation of the streambanks. Photographs will be taken of both
streambanks at each cross-section. A survey tape stretched between the permanent cross-section
monuments/pins will be centered in each of the streambank photographs. The water elevation will be
shown in the lower edge of the frame, and as much of the streambank as possible will be included in each
photo. Photographers should attempt to consistently maintain the same area in each photo over time.
Profile:A longitudinal profile will be surveyed for the entire length of restored channel immediately after
construction (Monitoring Year 0) to document as-built baseline conditions. The survey will be tied to a
permanent benchmark and measurements will include thalweg, water surface, bankfull, and top of low
bank. Each of these measurements will be taken at the head of each feature (e.g., riffle, pool) and at the
maximum pool depth. The longitudinal profile should show that the bedform features installed are
consistent with intended design stream type.The longitudinal profiles will not be taken during subsequent
monitoring years unless vertical channel instability has been documented or remedial actions/repairs are
deemed necessary. Bank height ratios will be measured along the restored reaches using the results of the
longitudinal profile.
9.1.3 Flow Duration Monitoring
Jurisdictional Stream Flow Documentation: Monitoring of stream flow will be conducted to demonstrate
that the restored stream systems classified as intermittent exhibit surface flow for a minimum of 30
consecutive days throughout some portion of the year during a year with normal rainfall conditions. To
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determine if rainfall amounts are normal for the given year, precipitation amounts using tallied data
obtained from the Oxford Rs near Claremont, NC,approximately 3.7 miles North of the Project site will be
used. Data from the station can be obtained from USGS. In the event USGS stops maintaining this gage,
data can be obtained from the CRONOS Database located on the State Climate Office of North Carolina's
website for the Hickory Airport Station approximately 12.5 miles away. If a normal year of precipitation
does not occur during the first seven years of monitoring, monitoring of flow conditions at the Project site
will continue until it documents that the intermittent streams have been flowing during the appropriate
times of the year.
The proposed monitoring of restored intermittent reaches will include the installation of flow devices
(continuous-read pressure transducers)within the thalweg(bottom)of the channel towards the upper one-
third portion of the reach. In addition, photographic documentation using a continuous series of remote
photos over time may be used to subjectively evaluate and document channel flow conditions throughout
the year. More specifically,the longitudinal photos should indicate the presence of flow within the channel
to illustrate water levels within the pools and riffles. The photographs will be taken from a height of
approximately five feet to ensure that the same locations (and view directions) at the Project site are
documented in each monitoring period and will be shown on a plan view map.The devices will be inspected
on a quarterly basis to document surface hydrology and provide a basis for evaluating flow response to
rainfall events and surface runoff throughout the monitoring period.
9.2 Vegetation Monitoring
Vegetation-monitoring quadrants or plots will be installed and monitored across the Project in accordance
with the CVS-EEP Level 1 & II Monitoring Protocol (CVS, 2008). The vegetation monitoring plots shall
comprise approximately 2% of the planted portion of the Project site with approximately 22 plots
established randomly within the planted riparian buffer areas. The sampling may employ quasi-random
plot locations which may vary upon approval from IRT. Any random plots should comprise no more than
50% of the total required plots, and the location (GPS coordinates and orientation) will be identified in
the monitoring reports.The size and location of individual quadrants will be 100 square meters (i.e., 10m
X 10m or 5m X 20M) for woody tree species and may be adjusted based on site conditions after
construction activities have been completed. No monitoring quadrants will be established within
undisturbed wooded preservation areas, however visual observations will be documented in the annual
monitoring reports to describe any changes to the existing vegetation community.
Vegetation monitoring will occur in the fall each required monitoring year, prior to the loss of leaves.
Mortality will be determined from the difference between the previous year's living, planted seedlings
and the current year's living, planted seedlings. Data will be collected at each individual quadrant and will
include specific data for monitored stems on diameter, height,species, date planted, and grid location, as
well as a collective determination of the survival density within that quadrant. Individual planted seedlings
will be marked at planting or monitoring baseline setup so that those stems can be found and identified
consistently each successive monitoring year. Volunteer species will be noted and if they are on the
approved planting list and meet success criteria standards,they will be counted towards success criteria.
Other species not included on the list may be considered by the IRT on a case-by-case basis.The presence
of invasive species vegetation within the monitoring quadrants will also be noted, as will any wildlife
effects. At the end of the first full growing season (from baseline/year 0) or after 180 days, species
composition,stem density and survival will be evaluated. For each subsequent year,vegetation plots shall
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be monitored for seven years in years 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7, and visual monitoring in years 4 and 6, or until the
final success criteria are achieved.
9.3 Visual Assessment Monitoring
WLS will conduct visual assessments in support of mitigation performance monitoring.Visual assessments
of all stream reaches will be conducted at least twice per monitoring year with a minimum of five months
in between each site visit throughout the monitoring period.Photographs will be used to visually document
system performance and any areas of concern related to streambank and bed stability, condition of in-
stream structures, channel migration, active headcuts, live stake mortality, impacts from invasive plant
species or animal browsing, easement boundary encroachments, cattle exclusion fence damage, and the
general condition of pools and riffles. The monitoring activities will document and quantify the visual
assessment throughout the monitoring period.
A series of photographs over time will be compared to subjectively evaluate channel aggradation (bar
formations) or degradation, streambank erosion, successful maturation of riparian vegetation, and
effectiveness of sedimentation and erosion control measures. More specifically, the longitudinal profile
photos should indicate the absence of developing bars within the channel or excessive increase in channel
depth, while lateral photos should not indicate excessive erosion or continuing degradation of the banks.
The photographs will be taken from a height of approximately five feet to ensure that the same locations
(and view directions)at the Project site are documented in each monitoring period and will be shown on a
plan view map.The results of the visual monitoring assessments will be used to support the development
of the annual monitoring document that provides the visual assessment metrics.
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Table 19. Proposed Monitoring Plan Summary
Functional Project Goal/ Measurement Potential Functional
Category Parameter Method Performance Standard Uplift
(Level)
Improve Base Flow Pressure transducer Create a more natural
Maintain seasonal flow on
stage recorder, and higher functioning
Duration and intermittent streams for a
Hydrology regional curve, headwater flow regime
(Level 1) Overbank Flows(i.e. regression equations, minimum of 30 consecutive and provide aquatic
channel forming days during normal annual
discharge) catchment rainfall. passage.
assessment
Maintain average BHRs<_1.2 Provide temporary
Reconnect and ERs>_2.2 and document water storage and
Bank Height Ratio,
Hydraulics Floodplain/Increase out of bank and/or significant reduce erosive forces
(Level 2) Floodprone Area Entrenchment Ratio, flow events using pressure (shear stress)in
Widths Crest gauge transducers or photographs& channel during larger
crest gauges. flow events.
Pool to pool spacing, Increase riffle/pool Provide a more natural
Improve Bedform riffle-pool sequence, percentage and pool-to-pool stream morphology,
Diversity pool max depth ratio, spacing ratios compared to energy dissipation and
longitudinal profile reference reach conditions. aquatic habitat/refugia.
Cross sections and Decrease streambank erosion Reduce sedimentation,
Increase Vertical and longitudinal profile rates comparable to excessive aggradation,
Lateral Stability surveys,visual reference condition cross- and embeddedness to
section,pattern and vertical allow for interstitial
Geomorphology assessment profile values. flow habitat.
(Level 3) Within planted portions of
CVS Level I&II the Project site,a minimum Increase woody and
Protocol Tree Veg of 320 stems per acre must herbaceous vegetation
Establish Riparian Plots(Strata be present at year three;a will provide channel
Buffer Vegetation Composition Vigor minimum of 260 stems per stability and reduce
and Density),visual acre must be present at year streambank erosion,
five;and a minimum of 210 runoff rates and exotic
assessment stems per acre must be species vegetation.
present at year seven.
Removal of excess
nutrients and organic
Physiochemical Improve Water N/A N/A pollutants will increase
(Level 4) Quality the hyporheic exchange
and dissolved oxygen
(DO)levels.
Increase leaf litter and
Improve Benthic organic matter critical
Biology Macroinvertebrate N/A N/A to provide in-stream
(Level 5) Communities and cover/shade,wood
Aquatic Health recruitment,and
carbon sourcing.
Note: Level 4 and 5 project parameters and monitoring activities are not proposed and are not required to
demonstrate success for credit release.
10 Long-Term Management Plan
The Project will be protected in perpetuity by a recorded conservation easement. The conservation
easement will allow for annual monitoring and maintenance of the Project during the monitoring phase.
Upon final site approval and project closeout, the Project stewardship will be transferred to an approved
4 Draft Mitigation Plan
Starker Mitigation Project Page 48

long-term stewardship program. WLS has partnered with Unique Places To Save (UP2Save) as the long-
term steward for the Project site (See Appendix D for conservation easement and engagement letter).
Unique Places To Save
Attn: Michael Sisco
PO Box 1183
Chapel Hill, NC 27514
803-553-1644
[e-mail]
This party shall serve as conservation easement holder and long-term steward for the property and will
conduct periodic inspection of the Project to ensure that restrictions required in the conservation
easement are upheld. Any endowment funds for the conservation easement and deed restrictions shall
be negotiated prior to transfer to the responsible party. Funding will be supplied by the responsible party
on a yearly basis until such time and endowments are established.The use of funds from the Endowment
Account is governed by NC General Statue GS 113A-232(d) (3). Payments and interest gained by the
endowment fund may be used only for stewardship, monitoring, stewardship administration, and land
transaction costs, if applicable.The management activities will be conducted in accordance with the terms
and conditions of the approved UMBI as agreed to by WLS, USACE, and the IRT.
11 Adaptive Management Plan
The Sponsor will conduct post-construction monitoring activities and routine maintenance as needed for
the duration of the monitoring period.The Sponsor will notify the USACE immediately if monitoring results
or visual observations demonstrate that performance standards cannot be achieved. In the event the
Project site or a specific component of the Project site fails to achieve the performance standards as
specified in the mitigation plan, the sponsor shall notify the IRT and develop a corrective action plan and
facilitate remedial actions.The Sponsor is responsible for providing any necessary permits to implement
the corrective action plan that describes the extent and nature of the work to be performed. If the USACE
determines that the Bank is not meeting performance standards,or the Sponsor is not complying with the
terms of the instrument, the USACE may take appropriate actions, including but not limited to: holding
credit sales, utilizing financial assurances, and/or terminating the instrument.
The site will be monitored on a regular basis and a physical inspection of the site will take place at least
once a year throughout the post-construction monitoring period until performance standards are met.
These site inspections may identify site components and features that require routine maintenance.
Routine maintenance should be expected most often in the first two years following site construction.
12 Financial Assurances
CONFIDENTIAL
The Sponsor will provide financial assurances in the form of casualty insurance or a performance bond
that is acceptable to the USACE and sufficient to assure successful completion of all mitigation bank
activities, reporting and monitoring, and any remedial work required pursuant to the approved Mitigation
4 Draft Mitigation Plan
Starker Mitigation Project Page 49

Plan and/or UMBI. The insurance policy or performance bond will be submitted for review and approval
by the USACE. The financial assurance will cover the cost estimates for providing the mitigation bank
activities such as site mobilization and construction, annual monitoring,and reporting as outlined in Table
20 and broken out by annual cost below.There will be a financial assurance for the construction phase in
the amount of$1,300,000 and that financial assurance will be retired following completion of construction
and planting.Then a monitoring financial assurance in the amount of$304,000 will be provided to assure
completion of seven years of monitoring and reporting, and any remedial work required during the
monitoring period.
Table 20. Financial Assurances
Category Item Estimated Cost
Construction Site Earthwork,Amenities,&Planting $1,300,000
Monitoring Activities and $160,000
Monitoring& Annual Reports through 7 years
Maintenance Land Management and Routine Maintenance $40,000
Contingency/Remedial Action $104,000
The annual monitoring costs for Table 20 are itemized below and each item includes direct costs.
Annual Monitoring Costs Price Per Task
Gauge downloads/maintenance $3,500.00
Vegetation Plot Measurements (22 plots&3 transects) $5,357.00
On-site Physical Measurements (22 XS) $7,000.00
Data Processing and Analysis $3,000.00
Report Preparation $4,000.00
TOTAL ANNUAL MONITORING COSTS $22,857.00
Annual Maintenance Costs Price Per Task
Invasive Species Vegetation and Annual Maintenance $5,714
The monitoring financial assurance will be reduced by $43,428 following approval of each annual
monitoring report as provided in the financial assurance policy.The monitoring financial assurance will be
retired in total following official notice of site close-out from the IRT. Financial assurances shall be payable
to a standby trust or other designee at the direction of the obligee. Financial assurances structured to
provide funds to the USACE in the event of default by the Bank Sponsor are not acceptable. The USACE
shall receive notification at least 120 days in advance of any termination or revocation. In the event of
Sponsor default, UP2S has agreed to receive the endowment funds and will ensure the mitigation work is
successfully completed.
4 Draft Mitigation Plan
Starker Mitigation Project Page 50

13 References
Dooley and Maschhoff, 2003. Functional requirements and design parameters for restocking coarse
woody features in restored and enhanced wetlands.
Doll, B.A., D.E. Wise-Frederick, C.M. Buckner, S.D. Wilkerson, W.A. Harman, R.E. Smith, and J. Spooner.
2002. Hydraulic geometry relationships for urban streams throughout the Piedmont of North
Carolina.Journal of the American Water Resources Association 38(3): 641-651.
Dunne, T. & Leopold, L.B. (1978): Water in Environmental Planning W.HG. Freeman Co., San Francisco,
818 pp.
Ecological Flows Science Advisory Board (EFSAB). 2013. Recommendations for Estimating Flows to
Maintain Ecological Integrity in Streams and Rivers in North Carolina.
https://www.fws.gov/asheville/pdfs/Recommendations_for_Maintaining_Flows_FINAL%202013
-10-30.pdf
Federal Interagency Stream Restoration Working Group (FISRWG). 1998. Stream corridor restoration:
Principles, processes and practices. National Technical Information Service. Springfield,VA.
Griffith, G.E., et al. 2002. Ecoregions of North Carolina. Reston,VA. United States Geological Survey.
Harman, W.A., G.D. Jennings, J.M. Patterson, D.R. Clinton, L.O. Slate, A.G. Jessup, J.R. Everhart, and R.E.
Smith. 1999. Bankfull hydraulic geometry relationships for North Carolina streams. Wildland
Hydrology. AWRA Symposium Proceedings. D.S. Olsen and J.P. Potyondy, eds. American Water
Resources Association.June 30-July 2, 1999. Bozeman, MT.
Harman, W.A. and C.J.Jones. 2016. Functional Lift Quantification Tool for Stream Restoration Projects in
North Carolina: Spreadsheet User Manual. Environmental Defense Fund, Raleigh, NC.
Harman, W., R. Starr, M. Carter, K. Tweedy, M. Clemmons, K. Suggs, C. Miller. 2012. A function based
framework for developing stream assessments, restoration goals, performance standards and
standard operating procedures. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Wetlands,
Oceans, and Watersheds,Washington, D.C.
Harman, W., R. Starr. 2011. Natural Channel Design Review Checklist. US Fish and Wildlife Service,
Chesapeake Bay Field Office, Annapolis, MD and US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds,Wetlands Division. Washington D.C. EPS 843-B-12-005.
Leopold, Luna B., 1994. A View of the River. Harvard University Press. Cambridge, Mass.
NC Stream Functional Assessment Team,2015. "NC Stream Assessment Method (NC SAM) User Manual".
Version 2.1,August 2015.
NC Wetland Functional Assessment Team, 2010. "NC Wetland Assessment Method (NC WAM) User
Manual". Version 4.1, October 2010.
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality, 2019. "DWR Surface Water Classifications."
Accessed via: https://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/water-resources/planning/classification-
standards/classifications#DWRPrimaryClassification
4 Draft Mitigation Plan
Starker Mitigation Project Page 51

North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality, 2010. "Catawba River Basin wide Water Quality
Plan."
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Resources, Water Sciences
Section, Biological Assessment Branch. 2016. Standard Operating Procedures for the Collection
and Analysis of Benthic Macroinvertebrates,v. 5.0.
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). N.C. Ecosystem
Enhancement Program (EEP) 2007 amended 2013. "Catawba River Basin Restoration Priorities."
Rosgen, D.L. 1994. A Classification of Natural Rivers. Catena 22:169-199.
Schafale, M.P. 2012. Guide to the Natural Communities of North Carolina, Fourth Approximation. North
Carolina Natural Heritage Program, Division of Parks and Recreation, NCDENR, Raleigh, NC.
Scherrer, E. 1999. Using Microtopography to Restore Wetland Plant Communities in Eastern North
Carolina. http://www4.ncsu.edu/unity/users/s/shear/public/restore/scherrer.htm
Simon,A. 1989. A model of channel response in disturbed alluvial channels. Earth Surface Processes and
Landforms.
United States Army Corps of Engineers. 1987. Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual.
Technical Report Y-87-1. Environmental Laboratory. US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment
Station. Vicksburg, MS.
United States Army Corps of Engineers. 1997. Corps of Engineers Wetlands Research Program. Technical
Note VN-RS-4.1. Environmental Laboratory. U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station.
Vicksburg, MS.
United States Army Corps of Engineers. 2003. Stream Mitigation Guidelines,April 2003, U.S.Army Corps
of Engineers. Wilmington District.
United States Army Corps of Engineers. 2016. Notification of Issuance of Guidance for Compensatory
Stream and Wetland Mitigation Conducted for Wilmington District, October 2016, U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers. Wilmington District.
United States Army Corps of Engineers. 2009. Compensatory Mitigation for Losses of Aquatic Resources;
Final Rule dated April 10, 2009 of the Federal Register Vol. 73, No. 70.
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Survey Division. A.
Walker, Personal communication, 2015. NC BEHI/NBS rating curve.
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Survey Division.
1975. Soil Survey of Catawba County, North Carolina.
United States Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). Threatened and Endangered
Species in North Carolina (County Listing). Mecklenburg County. 2019.
Wolman, M. G., and Leopold, L. B., 1957, River flood plains; some observations on their formation: U.S.
Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 282-C, pg 22.
4 Draft Mitigation Plan
Starker Mitigation Project Page 52

Figures
WLS Catawba 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank
Starker Mitigation Project
Figure 1—Project Location Map
Figure 2—Service Area Map
Figure 3—USGS Topographic Quad Map
Figure 4—NRCS Soils Map
Figure 5—LiDAR Map
Figure 6—FEMA Floodplain Map
Figure 7a—1951 Aerial Photograph
Figure 7b—1964 Aerial Photograph
Figure 7c— 1993 Aerial Photograph
Figure 7d—2012 Aerial Photograph
Figure 8—Existing Conditions Map
Figure 9—Proposed Mitigation Map
Figure 10—Proposed Monitoring Map

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••••••-\
- t' SP4TV4:14rri' II 0 400 800 1,600
Feet
jite 4 " - t''' L .,)1!•, g ,
RA'
One(V, 1 inch-800 feet N
Starker Mitigation Project 2012 Aerial Figure
Catawba - 03050101
WATER & LAND- Source: EDR
Catawba County, NC
SOLUTIONS _ _ 7d
Map Projection:NAD 1983 StatePlane NC FIPS 3200 Feet Date:3/17/2021
Service Layer Credits

` -: �► * ig r ` ` u ,/ 0 Proposed Conservation Easement '�
• R y- 1 µ" 'rl ,� S 200 Watershed (169 ac)
tk
F �; ;: +. � .:. 0 S-100 Watershed (249 ac)
r '�..r r— _ _.�
r , - /' —Existing Stream
.? • .a '�t O Stream Gauge
r ) � Existing Condition Cross-Section
4 'MC 1M• - +•,�''A .' Oj G Existing Culvert
°t' `e• Existing Wetland
S103
-- ,_ Contour(2ft)
\ -"'' °' -i , • P�' —Contour(20ft)
V, ' ' . 960 0 Parcel Boundary
a 3'Y''' 710...2
tom 'it ; 940
,,,- , •WC m .
`
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/ -; ' -
\ ,,, r.
L3
-
,__............5
0 400 800 1,600
Feet
.......\
fi, r
+ ti 1 inch=800 feet N
Starker Mitigation Project Figure
4WATER & LAND.. Upper Catawba - 03050101 Existing
SOLUTIONS
Catawba County, NC Conditions Map
8
Map Projection:NAD 1983 StatePlane NC FIPS_3200_Feet Date:3/17/2021
Data sources-Stream and wetland data collected during preliminary assessment.Imagery data source:NCOneMap

}
ir? k •- -.4'ti..P:tk''�'�.iV., ."'f. N.
.rl til 0 Proposed Conservation Easement
s.s . 0 —Stream Restoration
i < w• •r4.� i = Existing Wetland (No Credit)
,,z •
n Parcel Boundary
111 S103f. ,‘: '‘
u
a ilk S102
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.'. *. ,`
i�" ✓ �,.,,'+ R j *4`ifIN Future Crossing
ti-
k. tom` ' 4." ri,,
,~ 1µ:me j
Remove Crossing .
t -
. - ~ 'F
�.� 40
•
Improved Crossing
i../ ���
160),
'mact.
• Dr' Y ! , r
•
G
,4 Existing Crossing
r
Name Stream(ft) Credits t Gee
S100 5788.35 5788.35 \4 ,.
S200 4724.99 4724.99 - - . . . .
S103 48.2 48.2 '' i
S102 113.83 113.83 "
S101 68.38 68.38 Existing Crossing ,
0 400 800 1,600
Feet \1
Total 10,743.75 10,743.75 1 inch=800 feet N
Starker Mitigation Project Figure
Upper Catawba - 03050101 Proposed
4WATER & LAND" Mitigation Map
SOLUTIONS _ Catawba County, NC
Map Projection:NAD_1983_StatePlane_NC_FIPS_3200_Feet Date:3/17/2021 �+
Data sources-Stream and wetland data collected during preliminary assessment.Imagery data source:NCOneMap

.y _ __
5-1 03
ci
" `101/ " 02
104.w.�'-, r
`t S102
cta
-a
v. S100
o
A)011111ki \ l
� \ ':'.
E\
. : _., - -• , , ei, \
S200 7
,'.,,_„{ 4.,9k7 ,,,-‘
S-10"
z
l iii S101
_ Yam- - '1/-
A
Proposed Conservation Easement y itF•
—Stream Restoration
of j
n Parcel Boundary 1
• Flow Gauge
• Vegetation Plot
Cross-Section
--- Pool `' -. ` 0 400 800 1,600
—-— Riffle Feet
`}y 1 inch=800 feet N
. I `t
Starker Mitigation Project Figure
4WATER & LAND- Catawba - 03050101 Proposed
SOLUTIONS
Catawba County, NC Monitoring Map 0
Map Projection:NAD-1983-StatePlane-NC-FIPS-3200-Feet Date:3/18/2021
Data sources-Stream and wetland data collected during preliminary assessment.Imagery data source:NCOneMap

Appendix A- Design Plan Sheets
WLS Catawba 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank
Starker Mitigation Site

' ` STATE PROJECT REFERENCE NO. SHEE I I U AL
H
NO SHFFT' ® , ° 4 �le I\ STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT NC 1 36 1 4�6�
(00) PROJECT LENGTH
97 /' ir � �� EXISTING STREAM PROPOSED
PROJECT REACH LENGTH(L� CREDITABLE LENGTH
1.1.1--) .
Rd l L CAT.AW_____ 447 BA GOUleiT'Y oFrl-40 NORTH
ABOVE z7 69.54
17CCROSSINGP�pJECT sroz o ssss
LOCATION �_� .1` S103 81 56.44
40 ����� Sr 06 NORTH
341� _�O OF I-40.BELOW2.490 2.117.61
•
'1 , LOCATION: CATAWBA RIVER BASIN (HUC 03050101 ) CROSSING�/' �' Sr0OSOUTHX i i OMii TYPE OF WORK: STREAM MITIGATION GFI.4° 829 °7
nn 70riar Sr01 96 79.57
�.L.� _ __ ' USAGE ACTION ID NUMBER: SAW-2020-01 540 S200 40HOF7S5 704.65
// IIII ; , S200 SOUTH OF
IICROSSOVE550 491.16
Z . CROSSINGS200 SOUTH OF
OVICINI MAP CR.SSLow2,8973,050.53
CROSSING
TOTALS 9,965 9,656.73
Ts 4FFT1� INDEX OF SHEETS tFT11--- TITLE SHEETFT61A- - STREAM CONVENTIONAL SYMBOLS �'HEET SHEET 8
��..�� GENERAL NOTES
HEET9 SH SHEET 15
T 1 ' CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE
�- 6Mr�� EET 1 p S T 1 A HEFT 16
Vi-B- - CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE(CONT.) —��� �.�_�i SHEET 1 �� \<)(9d
2••• TYPICAL SECTIONS *. '
BEGIN CONSTRUCTIONS 100 �����
H2A-2L-•- DETAILSSTA. 10+00.00 SHEET
3-3A... TABLES 12
2 4-27... PLAN/PROFILE 0
28-31 VEGETATION PLAN
END CONSTRUCTION S100
CO STA.67+90.60
B 90
X70
0
i D
�1 C
i
S
HFFT1>
S
�.
FT
S
Ct #4014,6 ,-,9
BEGIN CONSTRUCTION S200 Sy
STA. 10+00.00 FFT
StiF')-
�� 2
F-
SHEET�23
w
�-'7 � T25 SHEET26
10111111
O,q SHEET 22 SHEET 24
O
HEND CONSTRUCTION S200
U
STA.57+27.15
J
T 7 GRAPHIC SCALES REVISIONS PREPARED FOR: PREPARED IN THE OFFICE OF: PROJECT ENGINEER
W NO. DESCRIPTION ENGR. APPROV. DATE ECOSYSTEM 1 1 50 SE MAYNARD RD
PLANNING& SUITE 1 40
20 1 0 0 20 4.0 - 1 70%MITIGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/21 CARY,NC EPR RESTORATION LICENSE#P-51 1 82
') 4 WATER & LA N D`T
0 PLANS - - SOLUTIONS
PROGRESS DRAWING
20 1 0 0 20 40 FOR REVIEW PURPOSES ONLY
� 'i"� � DO NOT USE FOR CONSTRUCTION
7721 SIX FORKS RD#1 30,
PROFILE(HORIZONTAL) RALEIGH,NC 2761 5 TBD ERIN BENNETT,PE
LETTING DATE: PROJECT ENGINEER
I .
I i i - - CATHERINE MANNER
PROJECT MANAGER P.E.
PROFILE(VERTICAL) SIGNATURE:

STREAM CONVENTIONAL SYMBOLS CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE (PROJE3CT)(SHEETNO)
'j GRADE CONTROL J-HOOK VANE —SF— SAFETY FENCE PHASE 1 —ENTIRE PROJECT
�b MOBILIZATION AND GENERAL EROSION CONTROL
; -TP— TAPE FENCESYMBOLOGY /
�.
1.LIMITS OF DISTURBANCE IS TO BE DETERMINED. NOTES
�- GRADE CONTROL J-HOOK VANE — I I I— SILT FENCE 2.IDENTIFY AND LOCATE STAGING AREAS,STOCKPILE AREAS,CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCES, GJ
STREAM CROSSINGS;LIMITS OF SILT FENCING,LIMITS OF TREE PROTECTION FENCING,AND
ROCK CROSS VANE cV m CONSERVATION EASEMENT CONSTRUCTION ACCESS AND HAUL ROADS AS SHOWN ON PLANS.
cAo -- 20—- EXISTING MAJOR CONTOUR 3.INSTALL CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCE.
is ROCK CROSS VANE cv EXISTING MINOR CONTOUR 4.INSTALL STREAM CROSSINGS.
.• s. 5. INSTALL SILT FENCING TO THE LIMITS SHOWN ON THE PLANS AND AT ANY OTHER
------- LIMITS OF DISTURBANCE LOCATIONS AS DIRECTED BY THE ENGINEER. SILT FENCING WILL BE INSTALLED ALONG THE
® LOG VANE aDOWNSLOPE/STREAM SIDE LIMITS OF ALL STAGING AND STOCKPILE AREAS.
BANKFULL BENCH(GRADE)
6.STOCKPILE MATERIALS IN DESIGNATED AREAS.
LOG STEP 0 — — • PROPERTY LINE
I kJ ROCK STEP 07. INSTALL TREE PROTECTION FENCING AS SHOWN ON THE PLANS AND AT ALL OTHER
T T T FEMA FLOODWAY LOCATIONS AS DIRECTED BY THE ENGINEER. FLAG ALL VEGETATION TO BE TRANSPLANTED.
CC=XLC3 ROCK STEP Rs ACCESS ROAD 8. UPON THE COMPLETION OF PHASE 1, THE CONTRACTOR SHALL SCHEDULE AN
INSPECTION OF THE PHASE BY THE ENGINEER. THE CONTRACTOR MUST HAVE WRITTEN
CONSTRUCTED CASCADE 0 10 i 00 APPROVAL FROM THE ENGINEER THAT THE PHASE HAS BEEN COMPLETED TO SATISFACTORY
STREAM THALWEG STANDARDS BEFORE BEGINNING ANOTHER PHASE.
.* CONSTRUCTED RIFFLE 0 9.EMERGENCY CONTACT FOR EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION CONTROL IS:
o.: . STREAM TOP OF BANKS
11
a 1—J KAYNE VAN STELL
8 \�` I LOG ROLLER 01--I TEMPORARY STREAM CROSSING
WATER&LAND SOLUTIONS
® TRANSPLANTED VEGETATION 919.61 4.51 1 1
GRADE CONTROL WOODY RIFFLE 0
n TREE REMOVAL NOTE: EACH PHASE WILL BE COMPLETED PRIOR TO BEGINNING WORK ON ANOTHER PHASE
UNLESS THERE ARE MULTIPLE CREW WORKING ON DIFFERENT SECTIONS OR PHASES OF
TOEWOOD O '0‘ TREE PROTECTION THE PROJECT. THE CONTRACTOR CAN DISCUSS THE ORDER OF THE PHASES FOR
RESTORATION ON S 1 00 ABOVE I-40,S 1 00 BELOW I-40,S200 ABOVE I-40 AND S200
I.� ����� GEOLIFT•
BELOW 1-40. UPON THE COMPLETION OF EACH PHASE, THE CONTRACTOR SHALL
••�••I SCHEDULE AN INSPECTION OF THE PHASE BY THE ENGINEER. THE CONTRACTOR MUST
HAVE WRITTEN APPROVAL FROM THE ENGINEER THAT THE PHASE HAS BEEN COMPLETED
CHANNEL FILL TO SATISFACTORY STANDARDS BEFORE BEGINNING ANOTHER PHASE.
DITCH PLUG
ALL EXCAVATED SOIL MATERIALS NOT UTILIZED WILL BE STOCKPILED AND MAINTAINED
GRADE BANK 2:1 OR FLATTER ACCORDING TO THE PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS.WHILE ONSITE,UNUSED MATERIAL MUST BE
LOCATED IN DESIGNATED STOCKPILE LOCATIONS AND MUST BE PROVIDED TEMPORARY OR
r R° EXISTING WETLANDS PERMANENT STABILIZATION WITHIN 14 DAYS OF PLACEMENT.
AFTER THE COMPLETION OF CONSTRUCTION, ALL UNUSED SOIL MATERIALS SHALL BE
SPREAD ONSITE IN DESIGNATED AREAS WITHIN THE EASEMENT LABELED DISPOSAL AREA.
AT THE DIRECTION OF THE ENGINEER AND THE SAID PROPERTY OWNER(S). SPREAD SOIL
MUST BE STABILIZED USING SEEDING PER THE PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS WITHIN 14 DAYS
OF PLACEMENT.
IF ANY EXCAVATED SOIL MATERIALS NEED TO BE,ARE SPECIFIED TO,AND ACTUALLY ARE
DISPOSED OF OFF-SITE BY THE CONTRACTOR, THE CONTRACTOR IS RESPONSIBLE FOR
DISPOSAL OF SUCH SOIL MATERIALS IN A PERMITTED AREA,AS WELL AS FOR PROVIDING
AND IMPLEMENTING AN EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION CONTROL PLAN AND PERMIT,OR ANY
In OTHER REQUIRED PERMIT(S),FOR THE LOCATION(S)OFF SITE WHERE SUCH MATERIALS ARE
o
**NOTE:ALL ITEMS ABOVE MAY NOT BE USED ON THIS PROJECT DISPOSED.
x
m
W' GENERAL NOTES
K
Q
g 1. THE CONTRACTOR IS REQUIRED TO INSTALL INSTREAM STRUCTURES USING
z A TRACK HOE WITH A HYDRAULIC THUMB OF SUFFICIENT SIZE TO PLACE
a BOULDERS,AND STRUCTURES.
O 2. WORK IS BEING PERFORMED AS AN ENVIRONMENTAL RESTORATION PLAN.
°¢ THE CONTRACTOR SHOULD MAKE ALL REASONABLE EFFORTS TO REDUCE
o SEDIMENT LOSS AND MINIMIZE DISTURBANCE OF THE SITE WHILE
PERFORMING THE CONSTRUCTION WORK.
0
L 3. CONSTRUCTION IS SCHEDULED TO BEGIN FALL 2021.
Y 4. ROCK VANES CAN BE SUBSTITUTED BY LOG VANES BASED ON THE
AVAILABILITY OF LOGS AND PER THE ENGINEERS APPROVAL.
i REVISIONS PREPARED FOR: 1 r 1 t PREPARED IN THE OFFICE OF: 1( PROJECT ENGINEER N
m NO. DESCRIPTION ENGR. APPROV DATE
0 1 70%MITIGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/21 WATER & LAN D`` ECOSYSTEM
STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT PLANNING & PROGRESS DRAWING
N 5 a U T l 5 FOR REVIEW PURPOSES ONLY
oW CATAWBACOUNTY, NC EPR RESTORATION DO NOT USE FOR CONSTRUCTION
Noe 1150 SE MAYNARD RD,SUITE 140
co,,c 7721 SIX FORKS RD#130, CARY,NC 27511
N.!. _ J` RALEIGH,NC 27615 J` LICENSE#P-1 182 J

CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE (PROJECT)(SHEjTTNO,
PHASES 2-5 PHASE 6—ENTIRE PROJECT NO)
CHANNEL RESTORATION DEMOBILIZATION AND PLANTING CONSTRUCTION
1.PERFORM CONSTRUCTION STAKING. SEQUENCE
1. COMPLETE REMAINING MINOR GRADING AND SITE PLANTING PREPARATION WORK, (CONT.)
2.BEGIN PUMP-AROUND OPERATION AT UPSTREAM END OF SPECIFIED REACH. INSTALL AN INCLUDING RIPPING AND/OR DISKING,AS SPECIFIED IN THE PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS.
IMPERVIOUS DIKE AT UPSTREAM END OF THE PROPOSED LIMITS OF THE AREA OF ACTIVE
CONSTRUCTION IN ORDER TO ISOLATE ALL WORK FROM STREAM FLOW. PUMP-AROUND 2.ALL REMAINING DISTURBED AREAS,INCLUDING AREAS THAT HAVE BEEN RIPPED AND/OR
OPERATION SHOULD BE CONDUCTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE TYPICAL PUMP-AROUND DISKED AFTER TEMPORARY AND/OR PERMANENT SEEDING ACTIVITIES, ARE TO BE
OPERATION DETAIL AS SHOWN ON THE PLANS. STREAM FLOW WILL BE PUMPED INTO THE AMENDED, SEEDED, MATTED AND/OR MULCHED ACCORDING TO THE PROJECT
FIRST DOWNSTREAM POOL. TURBID WATER IN THE WORK AREA MUST BE PUMPED WITH A SPECIFICATIONS AND AT A MINIMUM WITHIN 1 4 DAYS OF DISTURBANCE.
SEPARATE PUMP INTO A SPECIAL STILLING BASIN TO BE DISCHARGED DOWNSTREAM OF THE 3. COMPLETE ALL REMAINING PROPOSED PERMANENT VEGETATION PLANTING PER THE
IMPERVIOUS DIKES IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE TYPICAL PUMP-AROUND OPERATION DETAIL PLANS AND PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS.
AS SHOWN ON THE PLANS.
3. PERFORM REQUIRED REMOVAL AND TREATMENT OF EXOTIC VEGETATION WITHIN AND 4. REMOVE AND DISPOSE OF ALL TRASH AND DEBRIS FROM THE SITE ACCORDING TO
ADJACENT TO THE SPECIFIED REACH LIMITS. ALL REQUIRED REMOVAL AND TREATMENT LOCAL,STATE AND FEDERAL REGULATIONS.
(INITIAL TREATMENT) OF EXOTIC VEGETATION SHOULD BE COMPLETED PRIOR TO
PROCEEDING WITH THE REMAINING ACTIVITIES IN THIS PHASE. 5. AFTER ALL CONSTRUCTION REQUIRING HEAVY EQUIPMENT IS COMPLETED, SITE IS
STABILIZED AND LAND QUALITY CLOSES OUT, REMOVE SILT FENCE AND RESTORE
4. PERFORM REQUIRED CLEARING AND GRUBBING, INCLUDING SPECIFIED REMOVAL OF CONSTRUCTION ACCESS ROADS,STAGING AREAS,AND STOCKPILE AREAS. IMMEDIATELY
DEAD MATURE TREES AND/OR DEAD TREES. SEGREGATE AND STOCKPILE TOPSOIL AND REGRADE, REPLACE TOPSOIL, AND SEED, AMEND, AND MULCH AS SPECIFIED IN THE
OTHER SOIL MATERIAL IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS. PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS.REMOVE ALL TREE PROTECTION FENCING.
5.BEGINNING AT THE UPSTREAM END OF THE AREA OF ACTIVE CONSTRUCTION,PROCEED
IN THE DOWNSTREAM DIRECTION WITH FLOODPLAIN,CHANNEL AND IN-STREAM STRUCTURE
CONSTRUCTION AS SPECIFIED ON THE PLANS.
6.FILL IN THE EXISTING OPEN CHANNEL.
7. PERFORM ALL TOPSOIL REPLACEMENT, VEGETATION TRANSPLANTING, SEEDING
(TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT),SOIL AMENDMENT,MULCHING,AND INSTALLATION OF ALL
COIR FIBER MATTING AS SPECIFIED ON THE PLANS AND THE PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS.
ASSOCIATED DISTURBED STREAM BANKS WILL HAVE TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT SEED,
SOIL AMENDMENTS, MULCH, AND COIR FIBER MATTING APPLIED TO THEM AS WORK
PROGRESSES AND BY THE END OF EACH DAY. COIR FIBER MATTING WILL BE INSTALLED ON
TOP OF THE SEEDED, AMENDED, AND MULCHED STREAM BANKS ACCORDING TO THE
PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS.
8.REMOVE AND DISPOSE OF ALL UNUSED VEGETATION AND EXCAVATED MATERIALS.
9. ALL REMAINING DISTURBED AREAS ARE TO BE AMENDED, SEEDED, MATTED AND/OR
MULCHED ACCORDING TO THE PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS AND AT A MINIMUM WITHIN 1 4
DAYS OF DISTURBANCE.
1 O. REMOVE UPSTREAM DIKE TO CONNECT THE EXISTING STREAM (IF APPLICABLE)WITH
THE CONSTRUCTED STREAM.
1 1. UPON THE COMPLETION OF A PHASE, THE CONTRACTOR SHALL SCHEDULE AN
INSPECTION OF THE PHASE BY THE ENGINEER. THE CONTRACTOR MUST HAVE WRITTEN
APPROVAL FROM THE ENGINEER THAT THE PHASE HAS BEEN COMPLETED TO SATISFACTORY
STANDARDS BEFORE BEGINNING ANOTHER PHASE.
z
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In
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REVISIONS PREPARED FOR: 1 1 PREPARED IN THE OFFICE OF: 1 of PROJECT ENGINEER
m NO. DESCRIPTION ENGR. APPROV DATE
0 70%MITIGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/21 WATER & LAN D`` ECOSYSTEM
° STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT PLANNING & PROGRESS DRAWING
N 5 a U T l S FOR REVIEW PURPOSES ONLY
Ow
CATAWBACOUNTY, NC EPR RESTORATION DO NOT USE FOR CONSTRUCTION
NO2 1150 SE MAYNARD RD,SUITE 140
roa c 7721 SIX FORKS RD#130, CARY,NC 27511
(nct J` RALEIGH,NC 27615 J` LICENSE#P-1 182

TYPICAL SECTIONS (PROJECT# SHEET NO.
136 ,C 2
TYPICAL
"B"AND"BC"TYPE CHANNELS SECTIONS
"C","CB",AND"E"TYPE CHANNELS
\/ r, r/� VARIES . WBKF VARIES ������ r/
r�\\ \��\.�\ 4, 1 N\ //XAXi a//�. i\��\�������\r\ 4. WBKF VARIES ,� /��X/%��%Y///%/
r � 1 �
ABKF O + 3` ABKF p
6 S1 SI f
-• W1 W2� L WI _ W2
f p
0
TYPICAL RIFFLE CROSS SECTION
TYPICAL RIFFLE CROSS SECTION
\ \ \ <\ /iy/iy/iy/�y/i! \��/�/�/�/ 'ARIES VARIES ��\�\�\�\�\%
i. WPOOL ,� A� \� � �K K\A q., WPOOL ►, p, 1 7�/.�/��/��/��/�.
r
D3 + S3
APOOL
APOOL O T D4 S. c�6
S3 . }
W3 W4 W5 W6
F A W3 ► W4 ►.
TYPICAL POOL RIGHT CROSS SECTION
TYPICAL POOL CROSS SECTION
C STREAM TYPE REPRESENTATIVE CROSS SECTION DIMENSIONS
RIFFLES POOLS
Stream Sheet Range Station Range ABKF WBKF W1 W2 D1 D2 S1 52 APool WPool W3 W4 W5 W6 D3 D4 53 S4 56
S100 N OF 1-40, ABOVE CROSSING 5-6 15+90.41 -21+90 3.0 6.5 1.3 1.9 0.05 0.65 28:1 3:1 5.7 9.1 2.7 2.7 1 1.6 2.1 0.53 0.53 5:1 5:1 2:1
S100 N OF 1-40, BELOW CROSSING 6-10 21+90-39+78.11 7.0 9.9 2.0 3.0 0.07 0.99 28:1 3:1 13.3 13.9 4.1 4.1 2.5 3.3 0.81 0.81 5:1 5:1 2:1
S100 S OF 1-40 12-15 48+11.78-64+91.96 8.0 10.6 2.1 3.2 0.08 1.06 - 28:1 3:1 15.2 14.8 4.3 4.3 2.6 3.5 0.87 0.87 5:1 5:1 2:1
S200 S OF 1-40, ABOVE CROSSING 19 20+60.46-24+03.22 4.0 7.5 1.5 2.2 0.05 0.75 28:1 3:1 7.6 10.5 3.1 3.1 1.9 2.5 0.61 0.61 5:1 5:1 2:1
S200 S OF 1-40, BELOW CROSSING 20-25 25+93.7-53+68.35 6.0 9.2 1.8 2.7 0.07 0.92 28:1 3:1 11.4 12.8 3.8 3.8 2.3 3.0 0.75 0.75 5:1 5:1 2:1
B,Bc,and STEP-POOL STREAM TYPE REPRESENTATIVE CROSS SECTION DIMENSIONS
RIFFLES POOLS
Stream Sheet Range Station Range ABKF WBKF W1 W2 D1 D2 Si 52 APool WPooI W3 W4 D4 S3
z
o S100 N OF 1-40,ABOVE CROSSING 4 10+00.00-10+80.00 3.0 6.5 1.3 1.9 0.05 0.65 28:1 3:1 14.5 9.4 1.2 4.1 2.73 1.5:1
N S100 N OF 1-40,ABOVE CROSSING 4 10+80.00-12+91.11 3.0 6.5 1.3 1.9 0.05 0.65 28:1 3:1 13.7 9.4 2.4 3.5 2.32 1.5:1
0,
S100 N OF 1-40,ABOVE CROSSING 4-5 12+91.11 -15+90.41 3.0 6.5 1.3 1.9 0.05 0.65 28:1 3:1 7.4 9.7 2.5 3.6 1.20 3:1
m
a S100 N OF 1-40, BELOW CROSSING 10-11 39+78.11 -44+48.73 7.0 9.9 2.0 3.0 0.07 0.99 28:1 3:1 17.2 14.8 3.8 5.5 1.84 3:1
Y S100 S OF 1-40 15-16 64+91.96-67+90.60 8.0 10.6 2.1 3.2 0.08 1.06 28:1 3:1 19.6 15.9 4.1 5.9 1.97 3:1
S200 N OF 1-40 17 10+00-10+65.17 4.0 7.5 1.5 2.2 0.05 0.75 28:1 3:1 16.7 10.5 3.1 3.7 2.45 1.5:1
m S200 N OF 1-40 17-18 10+65.17-17+61.03 4.0 7.5 1.5 2.2 0.05 0.75 28:1 3:1 9.8 11.2 2.9 4.2 1.39 3:1
S200 S OF 1-40,ABOVE THE CROSSING 19-20 24+03.22-25+93.7 4.0 7.5 1.5 2.2 0.05 0.75 28:1 3:1 9.8 11.2 2.9 4.2 1.39 3:1
o S200 S OF 1-40, BELOW CROSSING 25-26 53+68.35-57+27.15 6.0 9.2 1.8 2.7 0.07 0.92 28:1 3:1 14.7 13.7 3.5 5.1 1.70 _ 3:1
0a S101 15 10+00-10+49.21 0.8 3.3 0.7 1.0 0.02 0.33 28:1 3:1 3.5 5.0 2.0 1.5 1.00 1.5:1
o S 101 15 10+49.21 -10+79.57 0.8 3.3 0.7 1.0 0.02 0.33 28:1 3:1 2.0 5.0 1.3 1.9 0.62 3:1
/
S102 5 10+00-10+11.89 0.4 2.4 0.5 0.7 0.02 0.24 28:1 3:1 2.0 3.5 0.6 1.5 1.00 1.5:1
L S102 5 10+11.89-11+24.4 0.4 2.4 0.5 0.7 0.02 0.24 28:1 3:1 1.0 3.5 0.9 1.3 0.44 3:1
2
Y S103 4 10+00-10+56.44 0.4 2.4 0.5 0.7 0.02 0.24 28:1 3:1 2.0 3.5 0.6 1.5 1.00 1.5:1
a
F
m
i REVISIONS PREPARED FOR: 1 r PREPARED IN THE OFFICE OF: PROJECT ENGINEER N.
m NO. DESCRIPTION ENGR. APPROV DATE
6 1 70%MITIGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/21 W TER L D'v ECOSYSTEM
STARKER MITIGATION PROJECTre
PLANNING & PROGRESS DRAWING
O L U T I O CATAWBA COUNTY, NC DOONOT USE FOR CONSTRUCTION
N PURPOSES ONLY
U
EPR RESTORATION
NO2 I 150 SE MAYNARD RD,SUITE 140
-0-c 7721 SIX FORKS RD#130, CARY,NC 27511
N.!. J` RALEIGH,NC 27615 J J` LICENSE#P-1 182 J

(PROJECT)(SHEET NO.
CONSTRUCTED RIFFLE CR 136 2A
DETAILS
BOTTOM
WIDTH
HEAD OF RIFFLE
FLOW
TOP OF BANK OI 1 RIFFLE RIFFLE THICKNESS
I`' A - TOE OF BANK o ^:Wv �v z .7
1 ~ �)�V o o POOL
b��o�e.ia�Q'}o STONE BACKFILL
�� i0 `d B
} \'' ° �°i PROFILEA-A'
kr \ o
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•
8634 BOTTOM
11.a�• •,• WIDTH _ COIR FIBER
COIR FIBER MATTING
tViS SI \ MATTING (SEE DETAIL)
;,• `�O \C STONE BACKFILL (SEE DETAIL)
11. TOP OF BANK
CONSTRUCTED RIFFLE SPECIFICATIONS oo
TOE OF BANK
MATERIALS: SPECIFICATIONS:
6,0
I'
TYPE: HARVESTED ON-SITE OR COMPARABLE °Clo() oll c�,
STONE BACKFILL SIZE: CLASS A STONE,57 STONE AND ON-SITE ALLUVIUM(34/33/33 MIX) 2 COIR FIBER MATTING SHOULD BE
RIFFLE THICKNESS TRENCHED THROUGH STONE BACKFILL
THICKNESS: 16 INCHES MIN. A' STONE BACKFILL
COIR FIBER MATTING SEE DETAIL SECTION B-B'
PLAN VIEW
NOTES FOR CONSTRUCTFD RIFFI F STRI ICTI IRFS;
1.GRADE STREAMBED AND BANKS TO PROPOSED DIMENSIONS PER
TYPICAL CROSS-SECTION AND PROFILE. ELEVATION POINT(SEE STRUCTURE TABLES)
2.EXCAVATE TRENCH BELOW PROPOSED STREAMBED ELEVATION 0-
EQUAL TO OR GREATER THAN RIFFLE THICKNESS.
3.INSTALL COIR FIBER MATTING ALONG STREAMBANKS ENSURING
MATTING IS SUFFICIENTLY TRENCHED ALONG TOE OF BANK.
4.FILL TRENCH WITH STONE BACKFILL TO FINAL DESIGN STREAM GRADE.
CONSTRUCTED CASCADE 0
BOTTOM WIDTH.
TOP OF BANK TOE
5 A
4 HEAD OF RIFFLE
FLOW
Bt M0O 'a0o�1 B
` Ei,� �� \
RIFFLE THICKNESS\••: I
�o Vo�o8C30 o _ 0 09
i• .06.. LARGE ROCK LARGE ROCK eo POOL
o •• 1.\1
Z !.°o�!0-°off 1.. CASCADE BED MATERIAL
O CONSTRUCTED CASCADE SPECIFICATIONS \•....\ .14 y1
p y iy- •,i �i� CASCADE BED MATERIAL
N MATERIALS: SPECIFICATIONS:
_ OA. i,:�: PROFILE A A'
OI TYPE: GRANITE OR COMPARABLE o11•/0•o\�4• ,
N SIZE: CLASS AI i o'er'•
LARGE ROCKS \•_O•\\' 1
d THICKNESS: 24 INCHES MIN. ' • - �• f
¢ r! i'0. � - COIR FIBER
'.1i$!... "MiV MATTING
a TYPE: GRANITE OR COMPARABLE o (SEE DETAIL)
CASCADE BED SIZE: WELL GRADED MIX OF TXDOT/AASHTO MIX 1 db0••;,Ooi
MATERIAL AND MIX 2 TOE TOP OF BANK
/ THICKNESS: 16 INCHES MIN. A'
Z
d
COIR FIBER MATTING SEE DETAIL ''' '
o PLAN VIEW o b� COIR FIBER MATTING SHALL BE
Q NOTES FOR CONSTRUCTED CASCADE STRI ICTI IRE. HELD IN PLACE BY RIFFLE MATERIAL
U FI RIFFLE THICKNESS
/• 1.GRADE STREAMBED AND BANKS TO PROPOSED DIMENSIONS PER
S TYPICAL CROSS-SECTION AND PROFILE.
In 2.EXCAVATE TRENCH BELOW PROPOSED STREAMBED ELEVATION SECTION B-B'
L. EQUAL TO OR GREATER THAN RIFFLE THICKNESS.
• 3.PLACE COIR FIBER MATTING ON BANKS AND LAY DOWN INTO TRENCH
IJ EXCAVATED FOR RIFFLE BED MATERIAL.
it 4.FILL TRENCH WITH STONE TO FINAL DESIGN STREAM GRADE.
F
(n
i REVISIONS PREPARED FOR: 1 r 1 f. PREPARED IN THE OFFICE OF: PROJECT ENGINEER
m NO. DESCRIPTION ENGR. APPROV DATE
0 1 70%MITIGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/2i WATER L Ci ECOSYSTEM
STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT PLANNING & PROGRESS DRAWING
L T IPURPOSES ONLY
CATAWBA COUNTY, NC DO NOT USFORE FOR CONSTRUCTION
NuOw
EPR RESTORATION
Noe 1150 SE MAYNARD RD,SUITE 140
roa c 7721 SIX FORKS RD#130, CARY,NC 2751 1
N,. _ J` RALEIGH,NC 27615 J` LICENSE#P-1 182 J

(PROJECT)(SHEET NO.
CV ROCK CROSS VANE 136 )C 2B )
DETAILS
INVERT f
B TRIM FILTER FABRIC EVEN WITH
FRONT EDGE OF HEADER ROCK
cb-ELEVATION POINT(SEE STRUCTURE TABLES) J J HEADER ROCK
u A DHEADER ROCK
Y Y BANK STONE BACKFILL
ROCK CROSS VANE SPECIFICATIONS m 3 �ill 5 m FLOW�� 3.5 4%-7% 7
STONE BACKFILL y
MATERIALS: SPECIFICATIONS: RM ANGLE. ,. 4 ,. �'- - - . -
- TYPE: GRANITE OR COMPARABLE 20'-30' -
BOULDER SIZE: 3 x 2 x 2 FT jI FOOTER ROCK
NUMBER OF HEADER ROWS: 1 ` FILTER FABRIC FOOTER ROCK
NUMBER OF FOOTER ROWS: 1 � FILTER FABRIC
eri
TYPE: TYPE 2 NON-WOVENIt- - PROFILE VIEW A-A' SECTION C-C'
FILTER FABRIC WIDTH UPSTREAM: 6 FT MINIMUM c SCOUR I /Q VANE ARM INVERT AND POOL
' POOL ' 6
CI ASS A,CLASS B AND ON-SITE ALLUVIUM •�P� C'`� / r,, r7
STONE BACKFILL (34/33/33 MIX) 1 galt, �, �1
tierN HEADER
NOTES FOR CROSS VANE STRI1CTl1RF.�; NO GAPS ROCK
' INVERT
1.STRUCTURE DIMENSIONS AND MEASUREMENTS ARE SHOWN ON THE BETWEEN
STRUCTURE TABLES. A' ROCKS FLOW--_....
2.DIG A TRENCH BELOW THE STREAM BED FOR FOOTER AND HEADER FOOTER -. --
ROCKS,FILTER FABRIC AND STONE BACKFILL. ROCK SILL RIFFLE
3.PLACE FOOTER ROCKS AND THEN HEADER ROCKS TO ACHIEVE STONE BACKFILL
DESIGN DIMENSIONS AND ELEVATIONS. —B' SCOUR
4.USE HAND PLACED STONE TO FILL GAPS AND VOIDS ON UPSTREAM POOL
SIDE OF THE HEADER AND FOOTER ROCKS. Ripple
5.PLACE FILTER FABRIC BEGINNING AT THE TOP OF THE HEADER ROCKS PLAN VIEW • • V\� /\/
AND EXTENDING DOWN TO THE DEPTH OF THE FOOTER ROCKS,THEN - `! - - - - I. RUIY G/ // // // /.
OUTWARD THE DISTANCE SPECIFIED ABOVE(FILTER FABRIC WIDTH UPSTREAM). \/ //\//\j/ j/j/,j/,, \////\//\ /\ / //\jj/\/\j/\
6.INSTALL
AS SHOWN.STONE BACKFILL AND ONSITE ALLUVIUM OVER FILTER FABRIC FILTER FABRIC /\\/\�/� / /\\/\\/\ /
7.AFTER ALL STONE BACKFILL HAS BEEN PLACED,FILL IN THE UPSTREAM
SIDE OF THE STRUCTURE WITH ONSITE ALLUVIUM TO THE ELEVATION OF
THE TOP OF THE HEADER ROCK. PROFILE VIEW B-B'
INVERT
GRADE CONTROL WOODY RIFFLE WR
HEADER LOG PRIMARY LOGS
A
� BACKFILL WITH STR
A OJ ON-SITE ALLUVIUM �Meep
LL BEGIN INVERT - FLO HEADER LOG
B B, 0; ,'" Ie."� H 01-0.3
O FILTER FABRIC O XY .' 1� TRegM eeD
= i.) : ,v CO
� ra
6'MIN.
_ HEADER LOG
W - BACKFILL VOIDS WITH ON-SITE ALLUVIUM ,
FILTER FABRIC
—1.]
Z Q \3> r SECONDARY LOGS AND WOODY DEBRIS 6'MIN.
19 SECONDARY SECTION A-A'
m LOGS ���- - _ RIFFLE THICKNESS 24"MIN.
N L
PRIMARY LOGS
d ( SPACE EVERY 5'-7' TRANSPLANTS OR LIVE STAKES
w \ - - CZ
TYPICAL SECTION FOR
BANKFULL CHANNEL DIMENSIONS
BANKFULL ELEVATION
SET INVERT BASED ON
N HEADER LOG
\ DESIGN STREAM PROFILE , /
g A'
END INVERT \ _ /
�� '�.` HEADER LOG
_o ��ly
0PLAN VIEW _ _ ---- — �� FOOTER LOG
w NOTES;
F 1. PRIMARY LOGS SHOULD BE AT LEAST 12"OR MORE IN DIAMETER,RELATIVELY STRAIGHT,
Cr) AND RECENTLY HARVESTED AND EXTENDING INTO THE BANK 5'ON EACH SIDE.
• 2.SECONDARY LOGS SHOULD BE AT LEAST 4"IN DIAMETER AND NO LARGER THAN 10",AND EXTEND INTO THE BANK 2 FEET ON EACH SIDE. 5'MINIMUM 1 5'MINIMUM
WOOD MATERIAL SHALL BE VARYING DIAMETER TO ALLOW MATERIAL TO BE COMPACTED.
BURIED INTO BURIED INTO w
3.ROOTWADS AND COIR FIBER MATTING CAN BE USED INSTEAD OF TRANSPLANTS OR LIVE STAKES,PER DIRECTION OF ENGINEER.
4.AFTER TRENCH HAS BEEN EXCAVATED A LAYER OF SECONDARY LOGS AND WOODY DEBRIS SHOULD BE PLACED WITH BANK SECTION B-B' BANK
MINIMAL GAPS.A LAYER OF ON-SITE ALLUVIUM SHOULD BE APPLIED TO FILL VOIDS BETWEEN SECONDARY LOGS
(n BEFORE ADDITIONAL LAYERS ARE PLACED.
i REVISIONS PREPARED FOR: \E PREPARED IN THE OFFICE OF: 1( PROJECT ENGINEER
m NO. DESCRIPTION ENGR. APPROV DATE
0 1 70%MITIGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/21 � � �A N '" ECOSYSTEM
STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT1[ PLANNING & PROGRESS DRAWING
L T I CATAWBA COUNTY, NC PURPOSES ONLY
DOONOT USE FOR CONSTRUCTION
Nu EPR RESTORATION
Ow
NO2 I 150 SE MAYNARD RD,SUITE 140
°Jac 7721 SIX FORKS RD#130, CARY,NC 27511
md�_ _ J` RALEIGH,NC 27615 J J` LICENSE#P-1 182 J

LOG VANE w (PROJECT)(SHEETNO)
136 2C
o
92 DETAILS
\-:'(('
I\ BANK
LOG BURIED i�BELOW STREAMBED f FLOW 1 _
AT LEAST 5'
q STREAMBED PA!'SVOpti 9�
AZT ` \ lOH l� �,' >, �ri� //'�
i FOOTER LOG
\\\ -` CO r
A Z HEADER LOGJ
Zm
A
/B\ ,a AR
/ �� 541,% PROFILE VIEWA-A'
, /
LOG VANE SPECIFICATIONS 1
/ SCOUR ,`� �� BACKFILL WITH ON-SITE ALLUVIUM
MATERIALS: SPECIFICATIONS: POOL
TYPE: HARDWOOD I FLOW
LOGS SIZE: SEE NOTES.
NUMBER OF HEADER LOGS: 1 \ /� \ A,
_ NUMBER OF FOOTER LOGS: 1 _
TYPE: TYPE 2 NON-WOVEN ,`\ ' / O
FILTER FABRIC WIDTH UPSTREAM: 6 FT MINIMUM
LOGS BURIED IN HEADER LOG
STREAMBANK
STONE BACKFILL CLASS A STONE,57 STONE AND AT LEAST 5'
ON-SITE ALLUVIUM(34/33/33 MIX) PLAN VIEW FOOTER LOG
FILTER 6'MIN.
NOTES FOR LOG VANE STRUCTURES: FABRIC
1.STRUCTURE DIMENSIONS AND STRUCTURE MEASUREMENTS ARE
SHOWN ON THE STRUCTURE TABLES SHEET. 0-ELEVATION POINT(SEE STRUCTURE TABLES) SECTION B-B'
2. LOGS SHOULD BE STRAIGHT,HARDWOOD,AND NOT ROTTEN.
3.SOIL SHOULD BE COMPACTED WELL AROUND BURIED PORTIONS OF LOGS.
4. FILTER FABRIC SHOULD BE NAILED TO THE LOG BELOW THE BACKFILL.
5.LOGS 12 INCH DIAMETER MINIMUM.
LOG STEP LS
TOP OF STREAMBANK
FLOW
STREAMBED
SOD MATS
SCOUR P001- 0 BACKFILL(ON-SITE ALLUVIUM)
���+,������.� ' RIFFLE WIDTH(SEE TYP) �7_� ```,
BOTTOM OF BANK 1 �
HEADER LOG ^'
TOP OF BANK / E• Q BASEFLOW t'��
�� GEOTEXTILE FABRIC i�� � ♦ HEADER LOG
1 I FOOTER LOG
Z LOG STEP SPECIFICATIONS ,I �I I 1 I FOOTER LOG
6'MINIMUM
0 MATERIALS: SPECIFICATIONS:
N TYPE: HARDWOOD / \ SECTION A-A'
of LOGS SIZE: LENGTH-2 x WeKP,12 INCH(i5 MIN. 5'MINIMUM 5'MINIMUM
BURIED INTO ► BURIED INTO
N NUMBER OF HEADER LOGS: 1 /RIFFLE WIDTH(SEE TYP) ` BANK BANK
NUMBER OF FOOTER LOGS: 1
di — SECTION B-B'
¢ POOL WIDTH(SEE TYP)
FILTER FABRIC TYPE: TYPE 2 NON-WOVEN * I - I T
ce
WIDTH UPSTREAM: 6 FT MINIMUM
_ C ` SCOUR C'
NOTES FOR LOG STEP STRUCTURES: SOD MAT ` POOL SOD MAT
Z `_____ POOL WIDTH(SEE TYP)
d 1. LOGS SHOULD BE AT LEAST 1 2 INCHES IN DIAMETER,RELATIVELY STRAIGHT. t I -
-
°W 7" �____ A� �'W__-
_I/
— .' HARDWOOD,AND RECENTLY HARVESTED. BASEFLOW
D B I ' W W W J B COIR FIBER MATTING .. COIR FIBER MATTING
D 2. LOGS INCHES IN DIAMETER MAY USED ALONE WITHOUT AN ADDITIONAL u�'MIN y 5'MIN.
U LOG.GEOTEXTILE FABRIC SHOULD STILL BE USED TO SEAL AROUND LOG BURIED" W Ay W W,BURIED
3. PLACE FOOTER LOGS FIRST AND THEN HEADER(TOP)LOG.SET HEADER LOG INTO RIFFLE WIDTH INTO
BANK - BANK LOG WEIR
F APPROXIMATLEY 3 INCHES ABOVE THE INVERT ELEVATION. s. (SEE TYP
4. USE GEOTEXTILE FABRIC TO SEAL GAPS BETWEEN LOGS. *
N 5. PLACE TRANSPLANTS FROM TOE OF STREAMBANK TO TOP OF STREAMBANK. TOP OF BANK
2 6.TRANSPLANTS CAN BE SUBSTITUTED WITH COIR FIBER MATTING AT THE PLAN VIEW SECTION C-C'
Y DIRECTION OF THE ENGINEER. BOTTOM OF BANK
ce
—
(.1'?
i REVISIONS PREPARED FOR: 1 r ( PREPARED IN THE OFFICE OF: 1 r PROJECT ENGINEER N
m NO. DESCRIPTION ENGR. APPROV DATE
0 1 70%MITIGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/21 WT E R L ID'" ECOSYSTEM
STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT PLANNING & PROGRESS DRAWING
PURPOSES ONLY
L T I CATAWBA COUNTY, NC DO NOT USEFOR I FOR CONSTRUCTION
oW EPR RESTORATION
Noe I 150 SE MAYNARD RD,SUITE 140
roa c 7721 SIX FORKS RD#130, CARY,NC 27511
N!�� _ J` RALEIGH,NC 27615 J J` LICENSE#P-1 182 J

(PROJECT)(SHEET NO.
ROCK STEP RS 136 2D
DETAILS
TOP OF STREAMBANK
TRIM FILTER FABRIC EVEN WITH
FRONT EDGE OF HEADER ROCK
FLOW
HEADER ROCK
STREAMBED
0 -ELEVATION POINT(SEE STRUCTURE TABLE) BOTTOM OF BANK ONSITE ALLUVIUM RIFFLE WIDTH(SEE TYP)
TOP OF BANK BASEFLOW
ROCK STEP SPECIFICATIONS S. RIFFLE WIDTH '3.. COIR FIBER MATTING 1
COIR FIBER MATTING
MATERIALS: SPECIFICATIONS: _ �►�� (SEE TYP) ►�L�
5 ������ A ®��� 5'—'' ROCK STEP
- HEADER ROCK
TYPE: GRANITE OR COMPARABLE B .1_,2,_ _ ,' ►S4 B' ILTER FABRIC
BOULDER SIZE: 3 FT X 2 FT X 2 FT . . Wil a ���. — FOOTER ROCK
t-4 r ���� FOOTER ROCK SECTION A-A'
►ta -�� � o��:.► SECTION B-B'
TYPE: 201 1 MD SS SSE GEOTEXTILE FABRIC •i �� n� �����
FILTER FABRIC WIDTH UPSTREAM: 6 FT MINIMUM C C'
COIR FIBER COIR FIBER MATTING
MATTING
POOL WIDTH(SEE TYP)
COIR FIBER MATTING TYPE: SEE DETAIL
\RIFFLE WIDTH(SEE TYP)
NOTES FOR ROCK STEP STRUCTURES: /
1.DIG A TRENCH BELOW THE STREAM BED FOR FOOTER AND HEADER
ROCKS,FILTER FABRIC AND STONE BACKFILL. ---/ POOL WIDTH(SEE TYP)
2.PLACE FOOTER ROCKS AND THEN HEADER ROCKS TO ACHIEVE I j
DESIGN DIMENSIONS AND ELEVATIONS. '�
3.USE HAND PLACED STONE TO FILL GAPS AND VOIDS ON UPSTREAM \
SIDE OF THE HEADER AND FOOTER ROCKS. I_i
BASEFLOW
4.PLACE FILTER FABRIC BEGINNING AT THE TOP OF THE HEADER ROCKS COIR FIBER MATTING . COIR FIBER MATTING
AND EXTENDING DOWN TO THE DEPTH OF THE FOOTER ROCKS,THEN
OUTWARD THE DISTANCE SPECIFIED IN THE STRUCTURES TABLE SHEET. TOP OF BANK
5.INSTALL STONE BACKFILL AND ONSITE ALLUVIUM AS SHOWN,TO THE ���
DIMENSIONS INDICATED IN THE STRUCTURES TABLE SHEET. BOTTOM OF BANK
6.AFTER ALL STONE BACKFILL HAS BEEN PLACED,FILL IN THE UPSTREAM
SIDE OF THE STRUCTURE WITH ONSITE ALLUVIUM TO THE ELEVATION OF
THE TOP OF THE HEADER ROCK.
7. PLACE TRANSPLANTS FROM TOE OF STREAMBANK TO TOP OF STREAMBANK. PLAN VIEW SECTION C-C'
8.TRANSPLANTS CAN BE SUBSITUTED WITH COIR FIBER MATTING AT THE
DIRECTION OF THE ENGINEER.
GRADE CONTROL J-HOOK VANE 4110
/3 BOTTO /3 BOTTO
WIDTH OF WIDTH OF
CHANNEL CHANNEL
FLOW STREAM BED ELEVATION
BANK
20ITO 3• STONE BACKFILL HEADER ROCK
is - �. i:io:y:d s,.i41111.11111.1.
GRADE CONTROL J-HOOK VANE SPECIFICATIONS 0 A 3$i�� .O. �a�� :'.��—
F ,,\�,. ��`aA•%� ( STONE BACKFILL
MATERIALS: SPECIFICATIONS: N -�i A �-� FOOTER ROCK
TYPE: GRANITE OR COMPARABLE 7 \�y-- W COIR FIBER MATTING
Z SIZE: 3 x 2 x 2 FT Y4Z;' 0O BOULDER z /:i�''�-hr FOOTER ROCK Q
9 gop,_ PROFILE VIEW
NUMBER OF HEADER ROWS: 1 4
oNUMBER OF FOOTER ROWS: 1 02 1{{\,,�, /--� 7
2 TYPE: TYPE 2 NON-WOVEN m �1Ik- I ,`\ Z
d FILTER FABRIC WIDTH UPSTREAM: 6 FT MINIMUM N ;O• /, Q
xi _ •!
y P. - / SCOUR``\ a HEADER ROCK
• STONE BACKFILL CLASS A AND ON-SITE ALLUVIUM(50/50 MIX) 1 POOL STONE BACKFILL i 1 f
r'
48411P
� I �1 N STREAMBED�N I...��...I...%t�.i..• NOTES FOR GRADF CONTROI J-HOOK VANF� ,\ SCOUR POOL(EXCAVATED) o %o �' -
d 1.INSTALL COIR FIBER MATTING BEGINNING AT THE TOP OF THE HEADER ROCKS __i PER DIRECTION OF ENGINEER �• •:off• •v.o• �•go,o\•.
D AND EXTEND DOWNWARD TO THE DEPTH OF THE BOTTOM FOOTER ROCK.AND NO GAPS BETWEEN ROCKS
p THEN UPSTREAM TO A MINIMUM OF TEN FEET. 1'
Q 2.DIG A TRENCH BELOW THE BED FOR FOOTER ROCKS AND PLACE FILL ON HEADER ROCK COIR FIBER MATTING
U UPSTREAM SIDE OF VANE ARM,BETWEEN THE ARM AND STREAMBANK. 1'-2� FOOTER ROCK
/ 3.START AT BANK AND PLACE FOOTER ROCKS FIRST AND THEN HEADER(TOP)ROCK.
F 4.CONTINUE WITH STRUCTURE,FOLLOWING ANGLE AND SLOPE SPECIFICATIONS. PLAN VIEW -I 10'MINIMUM
N 5.AN EXTRA ROCK CAN BE PLACED IN SCOUR POOL FOR HABITAT IMPROVEMENT.
E' 6.USE HAND PLACED STONE TO FILL GAPS ON UPSTREAM SIDE OF HEADER AND
2 FOOTER ROCKS. SECTION A-A
Y 7.AFTER ALL STONE BACKFILL HAS BEEN PLACED,FILL IN THE UPSTREAM SIDE
OF THE STRUCTURE WITH ON-SITE ALLUVIUM TO THE ELEVATION OF THE TOP ei-ELEVATION POINT(SEE STRUCTURE TABLES)
F OF THE HEADER ROCK.
N
i REVISIONS PREPARED FOR: \ PREPARED IN THE OFFICE OF: 1 t PROJECT ENGINEER
co• NO. DESCRIPTION ENGR. APPROV DATE
O 1 70%MITIGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/21 \ f E R & LAD'" ECOSYSTEM
re STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT PLANNING & PROGRESS DRAWING
L T I CATAWBA COUNTY, NC PURPOSES ONLY
DOONOT USE R FOR CONSTRUCTION
Nu EPR RESTORATION
Ow
NOz I 150 SE MAYNARD RD,SUITE 140
°Jac 7721 SIX FORKS RD#130, CARY,NC 2751 1
mdN‘, _ J` RALEIGH,NC 27615 1` J` LICENSE#P-1 182 J

(PROJECT#)(SHEETNO)�A LOG ROLLER R
1
.. DETAILS
-BANKFULL A
TOE OF BANK 1
.� ryA--�'FG Pz,Ow _
TOE OF BANK - 2 3
o ..
O
BANKFULL -• .. �- 4
o THALWEG
----------__ 5
70°-80° ' '� \
2 BURY INTO BED/BANK A
�� 5 FEET OR GREATER
.,O.i (TYPICAL) BACKFILL WITH
STONE BACKFILL
B "� (SEE CONSTRUCTED FILTER FABRIC
`. RIFFLE DETAIL) (TYPICAL) 6'MIN.
12"DIAMETER�/ I SCOUR) SECTION A-A'
OR GREATER ° POOL '
\
, PROTECT BANK USING TOE WOOD
` (SEE DETAIL)
BACKFILL WITH BANKFULL
STONE BACKFILL
(SEE CONSTRUCTED
C \\ .I RIFFLE DETAIL) VARIES
HEADER LOG RIFFLE MAX DEPTH
70°-80°
. 1/ SEE TYPICAL CROSS SECTION DIMENSIONS
Z �- —i
,,SCOUR `1 BURY INTO BED/BANK MTN J
POOL 5 FEET OR GREATER FOOTER ER LOG
. (TYPICAL) 5
1.1-1.2X / MIN.
RIFFLE WIDTH • / SECTION B-B'
IN POOL AREAS \_-
D, BANKFULL
VARIES
D — _ RIFFLE MAX DEPTH HEADER LOG
/" SEE TYPICAL CROSS SECTION DIMENSIONS\ 1r— 1�
I SCOUR', 3
POOL 1
MIN
'` j' FOOTER LOG
5'
5 MIN.
SECTION C-C'
LOG ROLLER SPECIFICATIONS A'
Z
(,
O MATERIALS: SPECIFICATIONS: FLOW
W
N BANKFULL
OI
N RIFFLE BED MATERIAL SEE CONSTRUCTED RIFFLE DETAIL PLAN VIEW
al — VARIES RIFFLE MAX DEPTH
TYPE: HARDWOOD SEE TYPICAL
tt LOGS SIZE: LENGTH=2 X WBKF, 1 2"DIA. HEADER LOG CROSS SECTION
F NUMBER OF HEADER LOGS: 1 e.-ELEVATION POINT(SEE STRUCTURE TABLES) DIMENSIONS
f0 NUMBER OF FOOTER LOGS: 1 I%-2%
/ - _ —i 4
Z TYPE: TYPE 2 NON-WOVEN
FILTER FABRIC
d. WIDTH UPSTREAM: 6 FT MINIMUM `�_ �
D• NOTES FOR LOG ROLLER STRUCTURES: MIN
1.STRUCTURE DIMENSIONS AND MEASUREMENTS ARE SHOWN ON FOOTER LOGj1 THE STRUCTURE TABLES SHEET.NUMBER OF LOGS MAY VARY. 5
F 2.LOGS SHOULD BE STRAIGHT,HARDWOOD,AND NOT ROTTEN. MIN.
3.SOIL SHOULD BE COMPACTED WELL AROUND BURIED PORTIONS OF LOGS.
F 4.FILTER FABRIC SHOULD BE NAILED TO THE LOG BELOW THE STONE BACKFILL. SECTION D-D'
• 5.RIFFLE STATIONS AND ELEVATIONS(1&5)ARE SHOWN ON BOTH THE
w STRUCTURE TABLES FOR LOG ROLLERS AND CONSTRUCTED RIFFLES
¢ IF APPLICABLE.
6.NUMBER OF LOGS MAY VARY.
F
(n
I REVISIONS PREPARED FOR: 1 r 1( PREPARED IN THE OFFICE OF: 1( PROJECT ENGINEER
m NO. DESCRIPTION ENGR. APPROV DATE
0 1 70%MITIGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/21a/VAT E R L Ci ECOSYSTEM
STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT PLANNING & PROGRESS DRAWING
L U T I 0 CATAWBA COUNTY, NC DOONOT USE R FOR CONSTRUCTION
N PURPOSES ONLY
o EPR RESTORATION
ow
Noz 1150 SE MAYNARD RD,SUITE 140
co,,c 7721 SIX FORKS RD#130, CARY,NC 27511
md�� _ J` RALEIGH,NC 27615 J` LICENSE#P-1 182 J

TOE WOOD WITHOUT ROOTWADS AND FOUNDATION LOGS O (PROJECT#)(SHEETNO)
2F
3,4 DETAILS
'.3,4 \ 111, 7����1
A ,i,,e,
INSTALL WOODY DEBRIS(TYP.):(SEE NOTE 3).
I ��' I
W W �i��� AFTER WOODY DEBRIS fTYPJ:HAS BEEN COMPLETED
l > r''�Ii✓/ INSTALL SOIL LAYER(NOTE 4)AND COVER
�'S% :':� � WITH COIR FIBER MATTING(NOTE 5).
Q I EXCAVATE CUT TRENCH(SEE NOTE 2) Q f .-.i• PLACE LIVE CUTTINGS IN LAYER ON TOP
J J %��
d d �► �1 OF COIR FIBER MATTING(SEE NOTE 6).
A' 0 A' E ems_ �\
a �t09/��
W I =J '. v�11-� I
_ ti
J C A J 1r I�4�`T �► A
'� ``
I
J r� �,
!Meg, 1111P-
% , mot �,.
O� A
/ O �� �v 'J 'i n 1r
/ 4/ -A,A"�A, /
1,2 .., 1.2 ‘_� . --C.1\il\I
\ / \ It,'
\✓
PLAN VIEW- 1 PLAN VIEW-2
TRENCH EXCAVATION WOODY DEBRIS(TYR.):
COIR FIBER MATTING
COMPACTED BACKFILL POINT BAR OF CHANNEL
(SEE TYPICAL SECTIONS)
LIVE CUTTINGS PLACED UNDERNEATH TOE WOOD WITHOUT ROOTWADS
COIR FIBER MATTING AND FOUNDATION LOGS SPECIFICATIONS
MATERIALS: SPECIFICATIONS:
GEOLIFTS-5'WIDE.
ENCASE IN COIR FIBER MATTING
UP TO THE BANKFULL ELEVATION WOODY DEBRIS(TYP.) TYPE: WOODY DEBRIS(TYP.)
(SEE SPECIFICATIONS) SIZE: MIN.5 FT LONG.1 INCH MIN.DIAMETER
UNDISTURBED EARTH IICOIR FIBER MATTING
///// - '' COIR FIBER MATTING SEE DETAIL
LIVE CUTTINGS
\�\ \� ,4,* j\�/��//�/�\/ TOE WOOD WITHOUT ROOTWADS AND FOUNDATION LOGS SPECIFICATIONS
O /�j/�j/ 1,3 BASEFLOW � � 1.STRUCTURE DIMENSIONS AND MEASUREMENTS ARE SHOWN ON THE
U.
\j\\j\\j - - -L_J_ 0_ /��j�\ STRUCTURE TABLE SHEET.
p= \��\\��\\\ - `may /\\//' 2.DIG A TRENCH ALONG BANK WHERE TOE WOOD WITHOUT ROOTWADS IS TO BE
INSTALLED,TO THE DEPTH AND WIDTH SPECIFIED IN THE DETAILS AND
ING PLACED IN A
U. ' \\' v( *. = •it .- -,..,�h-- f,__' UNCONSOLIDATED BACKFILL �pPJP\�//�\//\ LOCATION WHERE THERE IS NO STRUCTURE TABLE. IF TOE OT EXISTIND G GROUND,PLACE UT ROOTWADS IS FILL MATERIAL AND
Y \ t. =' ` � � AND SOIL �j /j\��j COMPACT TO FORM THE TRENCH FOR THE TOE WOOD MATERIALS.
�j\\/\\/ \ ` - i��' Zy I D 2,4 /\\/\ 3.INSTALL WOODY DEBRIS(TYP.)INCLUDING BRANCHES,LOGS,
ce 'Ir
N WOODY DEBRIS(TYP.):\�\\�\\/\\ MATERIALS
\ \\/\\\/\\\\/\\�\\/\\\\\�\�\\ \ \y\\/\\/\\�j\��j\��j\��j\��j\��\\�/\\\\/\\/\\�\\\// AND SMALL TMATER
IALS SHALLEAND BRUSH,AND AT LEAST 1"IN AM MIXED,PLACED AMETER. EIN LAYERS NO MORE
THAN 1 FOOT DEEP,COVERED IN ATHIN LAYER OF ONSITE ALLUVIUM,AND
Z CONSISTING OF LIMBS, COMPACTED BEFORE PLACING THE NEXT LAYER OF TOE WOOD MATERIAL.
aJ BRANCHES,SMALL LOGS CONTINUE PLACING MATERIALS TO FORM A DENSE LAYER OF WOODY
d ON-SITE ALLUVIUM FINISHED BED— MATERIALS AND ONSITE ALLUVIUM TO THE DEPTH AND ELEVATIONS SPECIFIED I
— / ELEVATION D
WIDTH (PLAN VIEW 3).
4. PLACE AN UNCONSOLIDATED LAYER OF SOIL ON TOP OF WOODY DEBRIS(TYP.)
(aJ SEE STRUCTURE TABLES 5. INSTALL LIVE CUTTINGS,INCLUDING BRANCHES AND BRUSH,AT LEAST 5 FEET
IN LENGTH,AND AT LEAST 1 INCH IN DIAMETER.
F 6.CONSTRUCT GEOLIFTS OR PLACE TRANSPLANTS(AS SPECIFIED OR DIRECTED
(I) BY THE ENGINEER)TO REBUILD THE STREAMBANK ABOVE THE TOE WOOD LAYER.
2 SECTION VIEW
W
t, -ELEVATION POINT(SEE STRUCTURE TABLES)
i REVISIONS PREPARED FOR: • 1( PREPARED IN THE OFFICE OF: 1( PROJECT ENGINEER
m NO. DESCRIPTION ENGR. APPROV DATE
0 1 70%MITIGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/2i WT E R L D'" ECOSYSTEM
STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT PLANNING & PROGRESS DRAWING
FOR
L T IPURPOSES ONLY
CATAWBA COUNTY, NC DO NOT USIE FOR CONSTRUCTION
Nu EPR REST�RATI�N
Ow
NO2 I 150 SE MAYNARD RD,SUITE 140
co^C-C 7721 SIX FORKS RD#130, CARY,NC 27511
and\. _ J` RALEIGH,NC 27615 /` J` LICENSE#P-1 182 J` i

SOD MAT sM (PROJECT)(SHEET NO.
136 2G
DETAILS
\ SOD MATS
BASEFLOW
10 IN [7
MIN — WIDTH
t', ,,T ./ DETERMINED BY
BUCKET SIZE
SOD MAT HARVESTING SOD MAT PLACEMENT
NOTES:
HARVESTING
1.USE FULL-SIZE LOADER,OR SIMILAR APPROVED EQUIPMENT,FOR EXCAVATING,
TRANSPORTING,AND PLACING ON-SITE SOD MATS.
2. DISTURB SOD MATS AS LITTLE AS POSSIBLE AND MAINTAIN SOIL MOISTURE.
3. MINIMUM MAT DEPTH IS 10 INCH.
PLACEMENT
1. PLACE SOD MATS FROM TOE OF STREAMBANK TO TOP OF STREAMBANK
OR TOEWOOD.
2.SOD MATS CAN BE SUBSITUTED WITH COIR FIBER MATTING AT THE
DIRECTION OF THE ENGINEER.
COIR FIBER MATTING _
LARGE ANCHORS
2"x 2"(NOMINAL)
ANCHOR OVERLAP LARGE ANCHORS ON WOODEN STAKE
ON 2'CENTERS 3'CENTERS ALONG TOP
1"
`����� ����� �� LARGE ANCHORS ON 3'CENTERS ALONG 2�1
����������������,' CENTER OF MATTING WHEN FULL-WIDTH ^r�
SMALL ANCHORS ON �� �� j1 Q MATTING ROLL REQUIRED
2'CENTERS �1���������������` �����pp�������op�I�� ?4"
�i�i�i4 � iiii4'Oiiiii^� iii/
������������������`�������������������� LARGE ANCHORS ON DO NOT MAT POINT BARS WITH COIR FIBER MATTING I
♦�C���� .�...��� 0�:::�.�.�.�.�`,:�:�:�`�,�.�.�.�,� 3'CENTERS ALONG TOE
e►�� " --Ll, iii�i�i�i�i�i►�i�iO�;q
SMALL ANCHORS
WOODEN STAKE
6"OVERLAY(MIN)
1.5"
PLAN VIEW TOP OF STREAMBANK
z
0
FLOODPLAIN/
18"-24" EXISTING
N COIR FIBER RYP) GROUND
Oi MATTING 1
2 £REAMBANK
N ANCHORS ON
¢I 2'-3'CENTERS Jll
w
Y
K
MATTING PLACEMENT
z _ANCHOR OPTIONS
aJ SEE PLAN VIEW SHEET FOR MATTING LOCATIONS
/
TI
A TYPICAL MATNG PLAN VIEW
o
(aJ NOTES. q.\ ',\ '.
/
1.IN AREAS TO BE MATTED,ALL SEEDING,SOIL STREAM BED L6"BURIED BELOW STREAMBED
AMENDMENTS,AND SOIL PREPARATION MUST BE
• COMPLETED PRIOR TO PLACEMENT OF COIR
L FIBER MATTING. BACKFILL WITH
2 2.WOODEN STAKES ARE PREFERRED.USE OF STAPLES STREAMBED MATERIAL
Y AS SMALL ANCHORS MUST BE PRE-APPROVED BY
S THE ENGINEER PRIOR TO INSTALLATION.
N TYPICAL CROSS SECTION
•
i REVISIONS PREPARED FOR: N e. 1( PREPARED IN THE OFFICE OF: t. PROJECT ENGINEER N
m NO. DESCRIPTION ENGR. APPROV DATE
0 1 70%MITIGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/21 \ f E R & LAN Ci ECOSYSTEM
STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT PLANNING & PROGRESS DRAWING
to PURPOSES ONLY
L U T I 0 CATAWBA COUNTY, NC DO NOT REVIEWR NOT USE FOR CONSTRUCTION
Nu EPR RESTORATION
ow
Noe 1 1 50 SE MAYNARD RD,SUITE 140
co,,c 7721 SIX FORKS RD#130, CARY,NC 27511
N.. _ J` RALEIGH,NC 27615 J J` LICENSE#P-1 182 J

CTEMPORARY STREAM CROSSING-WOOD MAT PROJECT# SHEET NO.
136 )C 2H
DETAILS
SILT FENCE—\
WOOD MAT
CI ARS B STONE
CLASS B STONE
••':•••• *'40::r T T s4�a
zt\ N /\ \ 1St.. —I I I
/�/�/�/ •
v v v v '\/ /�/ .,: ::• -- - — - ® - — Av.-
/\//\//\//\//\//\//\/\//\/\//\//\//\� FILTER FABRIC .o...„ `- __- _.- _�°�0�.��°d
-' —III 1
•.
CROSS SECTION T
I T WOOD MAT
STREAM CHANNEL
PLAN VIEW
NOTES:
1.CONSTRUCT STREAM CROSSING WHEN FLOW IS LOW.
2. HAVE ALL NECESSARY MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT ON-SITE BEFORE WORK BEGINS.
3.MINIMIZE CLEARING AND EXCAVATION OF STREAMBANKS.DO NOT EXCAVATE CHANNEL BOTTOM.
4.LINE STREAMBANK AND ACCESS RAMP AREA WITH FILTER FABRIC.
5.INSTALL STREAM CROSSING AT RIGHT ANGLE TO THE FLOW.
6.TRANSPLANT SOD FROM ORIGINAL STREAMBANK ONTO SIDE SLOPES FOR LATER USE.
7. MAINTAIN CROSSING SO THAT RUNOFF IN THE CONSTRUCTION ROAD DOES NOT ENTER EXISTING CHANNEL
BY INSTALLING SILT FENCE ON ALL FOUR CORNERS ADJACENT TO THE STREAM.SEE SILT FENCE DETAIL.
8.STABILIZE AN ACCESS RAMP OF CLASS B STONE TO THE EDGE OF THE WOOD MAT.
9.THE WOOD MAT SHALL BE OF SUFFICIENT SIZE AND WIDTH TO SUPPORT THE LARGEST VEHICLE CROSSING THE CHANNEL.
10.CONTRACTOR SHALL DETERMINE AN APPROPRIATE RAMP ANGLE ACCORDING TO EQUIPMENT UTILIZED,RECOMMENDED AT A 5:1 SLOPE.
SINGLE CULVERT DETAIL
Z CREST LENGTH
GRAVEL
O
VS
EXTEND GRADE TO VrV� ,,+� x x-'y
(' �' � EXTEND GRADE TO
EXISTING GROUND 1 ,O��cbOno Oo d�O¢VO V" olYto 0C90 on O�Oo EXISTING GROUND
T o O O� O(J oLS�o0vO0O C
Ooo00600 0(�008/q�000 0
Oo p�� v FILTER FABRIC
CULVERT SPECIFICATIONS (TYPICAL)
CLASS B
MATERIALS: SPECIFICATIONS: STONE
FILL VARIABLE CULVERT CULVERT I
_
5100 S200
PIPE TYPE: SMOOTH HDPE g SEE REQUIRED COVER DEPTH 2.0 FT MIN. 2.0 FT MIN.
? TABLE UPSTREAM INLET ELEV. 900.212 893.27
a _
DOWNSTREAM INLET ELEV. 899.81 2 892.909
t UPSTREAM INLET STA. 21+95.21 25+98.1 5
Q GRAVEL TYPE: #57 STONE AND CRUSHER RUN(50/50 MIX) . CROSS SECTION Z DOWNSTREAM INLET STA. 22+2 i.21 26+43.1 5
_ IF-- I-. FILTER FABRIC FARM PATH ELEV. 906 905
0_ LL GRAVEL (TYPICAL) PIPE SIZE 1 X 42" 1 X 60"
xi FILL TYPE: ON-SITE ALLUVIUM TOP WIDTH(FT) 15 15
Y CLASS B T TOP WIDTH CREST LENGTH(FT) 1 1 9 1 06
a STONE �•
/ FILTER FABRIC
TYPE: TYPE 2 NON-WOVEN 2�Z�•0 • 1I lsd l X> , ,O W� , J,0 �� 7
v1 WIDTH UPSTREAM: 6 FT MINIMUM dog, - Itt.. �.'�•
_ FILL
�l �'�
0_ NOTES FOR CULVERT STRUCTURES: '� ��� Z •�j1 4J
OD 1.INCLUDE MANFACTURERS RECOMMENDED BEDDING. •��0. z SEE TABLE 44:#e.1
Q• 2.STABILIZE FILL AROUND CULVERTS WITH CLASS B STONE. e•� 6O
F MATTING ACCORDING TO SPECIFICATIONS.
PES ITH COIR FIBER `+�� L 4.4
CO 3.INCLUDE MANFACTURERS RECOMMENDED ANTISEEP COLLAR
• FOR EACH PIPEIN-
. UPSTREAM DOWNSTREAM
r c INVERT PROFILE VIEW ALONG STREAM CULVEINVERT
a
F
m
1n
3i C REVISIONS PREPARED FOR: Ni PREPARED IN THE OFFICE OF: PROJECT ENGINEER
m NO. DESCRIPTION ENGR. APPROV DATE
0 1 70%MITIGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/21 PURPOSES ONLY
\ T ER & LAND' ECOSYSTEM
STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT PLANNING & PROGRESS DRAWING
L U T I 0 CATAWBA COUNTY, NC DOONOT USR E
FOR CONSTRUCTION
NuOw
EPR RESTORATION
NO2 1 1 50 SE MAYNARD RD,SUITE 140
roa C 7721 SIX FORKS RD#130, CARY,NC 2751 1
and\ _ J` RALEIGH,NC 27615 J r` J` LICENSE#P-1 182 J

(CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCE PROJECT# SHEET NO.
136 )( 21
DETAILS
/
/ I.
/
R40 'tij
F, V .
o o
ooOO°8 „o
/ -QoI-O 0!!
Rio
♦,
NOTES: ..'7'
1.PROVIDE TURNING RADIUS SUFFICIENT TO ACCOMMODATE EXPECTED EQUIPMENT.
2.LOCAL ENTRANCES TO PROVIDE FOR UTILIZATION BY ALL CONSTRUCTION VEHICLES.
3.PLACE GEOTEXTILE FABRIC FOR DRAINAGE BENEATH STONE.
4.MUST BE MAINTAINED IN THE CONDITION WHICH WILL PREVENT TRACKING OR DIRECT MUD INTO STREETS.
5.ANY MATERIAL TRACKED ONTO THE ROADWAY MUST BE CLEANED UP IMMEDIATELY.
6.PROVIDE FREQUENT CHECKS TO THE GRAVEL CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCE AND TIMELY MAINTENANCE.
7.NUMBER AND LOCATION OF CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCES AS SHOWN ON PLANS,OR AS DIRECTED BY THE ENGINEER.
8.USE CLASS"A"STONE OR OTHER COURSE AGGREGATE APPROVED BY THE ENGINEER.
9.INSTALL CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCES IN A WAY TO PREVENT VEHICLES LEAVING THE PROJECT SITE FROM BYPASSING CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCES.
TEMPORARY SILT FENCE
r 6'MAXIMUM
•
7
18"-24"
1
I1 DTI° _ ='e _lf_ bT_c =EtVaitt1 .I _ = I=1 = --I it
Z GEOTEXTILE FABRIC—'
0
O
N
0
1
In
a
¢ GEOTEXTILE FABRIC
w
COMPACTED FILL
ct
/
3 . — — — � — — -
-111-1 I I B III-I I I�I I-1
(aJ �1 STEEL POST-2'-O"DEPTH
/ 4"
F EXTENSION OF GEOTEXTILE
FABRIC INTO TRENCH
CO
L NOTFS,'
2 1.USE GEOTEXTILE FABRIC A MINIMUM OF 36"IN WIDTH AND FASTEN
y ADEQUATELY TO THE STEEL POSTS.
2.PROVIDE 5'STEEL POST OF THE SELF-FASTENER ANGLE STEEL TYPE.
I-- 3.REMOVE ONCE AREA IS STABLE.
N
i REVISIONS PREPARED FOR: 1 r PREPARED IN THE OFFICE OF: 1( PROJECT ENGINEER N
m NO. DESCRIPTION ENGR. APPROV DATE
O 1 70%MITIGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/21 W TER L Ci ECOSYSTEM
re STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT PLANNING & PROGRESS DRAWING
L T I CATAWBA COUNTY, NC PURPOSES ONLY
DOFOR NOT USE REVIEFOR CONSTRUCTION
Ow EPR RESTORATION
Noe 1 150 SE MAYNARD RD,SUITE 140
roa c 7721 SIX FORKS RD#130, CARY,NC 27511
N,. _ J` RALEIGH,NC 27615 J J` LICENSE#P-1 182 J

(PRO
JECT# SHEET NO.
136 )C 2J
DETAILS
STABILIZED INLET
PUMP-AROUND PUMP—\ NOTES:
IMPERVIOUS DIKE 1.EXCAVATION SHALL BE PERFORMED IN ONLY DRY SECTIONS OF CHANNEL.
• (SEE PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS) 2.IMPERVIOUS DIKES SHOULD BE USED TO ISOLATE WORK AREAS FROM STREAM FLOW.
3.THE CONTRACTOR SHALL NOT DISTURB MORE AREA THAN CAN BE STABILIZED IN ONE
WORKING DAY.
4.THE PUMP-AROUND PUMP SHOULD ADEQUATELY CONVEY BASEFLOW.
TEMPORARY FLEXIBLE HOSE
OS SPECIAL STILLING BASIN
ill
7 W
it Q INSTALL 2 INCH PAD OF WASHED#57 STONE BACKFILL
U, BETWEEN SPECIAL STILLING BASIN AND FILTER FABRIC
3 EXISTING GROUND
FILTER FABRIC
EXISTING CHANNEL 15-20 FT
—TEMPORARY
FLEXIBLE HOSE
•
DEWATERING PUMP
07
WO `SPECIAL STILLING BASIN
(SEE PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS)
STABILIZED OUTLET:
CONSTRUCT WITH CLASS B STONE
TO STABILIZE STREAM
Z AT PUMP AROUND OUTLET
(7
D
-i
O
2
N
a
S
w
<• SEQUENCE OF CONSTRUCTION FOR TEMPORARY PUMP-AROUND OPERATION
„, 1.INSTALL STABILIZED OUTLET AT THE DOWNSTREAM END OF THE DESIGNATED PROJECT WORKING AREA.
O 2.THE CONTRACTOR WILL INSTALL THE PUMP AROUND PUMP AND THE TEMPORARY FLEXIBLE HOSE THAT
z WILL CONVEY THE BASE FLOW FROM UPSTREAM OF THE WORK SITE TO THE SPECIAL STILLING BASIN
dOR STABILIZED OUTLET.
L 3.INSTALL UPSTREAM IMPERVIOUS DIKE AND BEGIN PUMPING OPERATIONS FOR STREAM DIVERSION.
D 4.INSTALL PUMPING APPARATUS IF NEEDED TO DEWATER THE ENTRAPPED AREA.THE PUMP AND HOSE
D FOR THIS PURPOSE SHALL BE OF SUFFICIENT SIZE TO DEWATER
Q THE WORK AREA.THIS WATER WILL FLOW INTO A SPECIAL STILLING BASIN.
U 5.THE CONTRACTOR WILL PERFORM STREAM RESTORATION WORK IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PLAN AND
w FOLLOWING THE GENERAL CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE.
F 6.THE CONTRACTOR WILL EXCAVATE ANY ACCUMULATED SILT AND DEWATER BEFORE REMOVAL OF THE
1n IMPERVIOUS DIKE.REMOVE IMPERVIOUS DIKES,PUMPS,AND TEMPORARY FLEXIBLE HOSE.
F 7.ONCE THE WORKING AREA IS COMPLETED,REMOVE THE SPECIAL STILLING BASIN AND STABILIZED OUTLET
2 AND STABILIZE DISTURBED AREAS WITH SEED AND MULCH.
w
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i REVISIONS PREPARED FOR: 1 r 1 t PREPARED IN THE OFFICE OF: 1 t PROJECT ENGINEER
m NO" DESCRIPTION ENGR. APPROV DATE
0 1 70%MITIGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/21 \ f E R & LAN D ECOSYSTEM
STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT PLANNING & PROGRESS DRAWING
FOR
L T IPURPOSES ONLY
CATAWBA COUNTY, NC DO NOT USIE FOR CONSTRUCTION
Nu EPR RESTORATION
Ow
Noe 1 150 SE MAYNARD RD,SUITE 140
etc
7721 SIX FORKS RD#130, CARY,NC 27511
• N!\_ _ J` RALEIGH,NC 27615 J` LICENSE#P-1 182 J

DITCH PLUG )(SHEET NO.
(PROJECT
136 2K
DETAILS
DITCH TO BE PLUGGED
UNCOMPACTED BACKFILL
0.5'MINIMUM
COMPACTED BACKFILL
FINISH GRADE
ti' WIDTH SHOWN ON PLAN SHEETS
DITCH PLUG -
TOP OF BANK
DITCH INVERT-\
R-
PLAN VIEW SECTION A-A'
DITCH PLUG SPECIFICATIONS
MATERIALS: SPECIFICATIONS:
COMPACTED BACKFILL TYPE: ONSITE SOIL
NOTES FOR DITCH PLUG STRUCTURES'
1.PLACE COMPACTED BACKFILL MATERIAL IN EXISTING STREAM OR DITCH.
2.COMPACT BACKFILL USING ON-SITE HEAVY EQUIPMENT IN 10 INCH LIFTS.
3.REPEAT UNTIL DITCH IS WITHIN APPROXIMATELY 6 INCHES OF FINISH GRADE.
4.PLACE UNCOMPACTED BACKFILL TO FINISH GRADE AND SEED.
LIVE STAKING
SPACING
TOP OF STREAMBANK 3"TO 6" A
TOP OF STREAMBANK in
TOP OF STREAMBANK
LIVE STAKE
TOE OF STREAMBANK
ti BANK HEIGHTS RANGE FROM 0.9'TO 2.4'IN RIFFLES.
PLANT STAKES IN A SINGLE STAGGERED ROW
EXTENDING FROM TOP OF BANK TO TOE AT SPACING
BOTTOM OF CHANNEL AS INDICATED BELOW.
.. LIVE STAKE ,; f' 11' r
SECTION A-A TOE OF SLOPE
A'
PLAN VIEW
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N TOP OF STREAMBANK
01 SQUARE CUT TOP
2
Ul BUDS FACING UPWARD
d AFTER INSTALLED i
Y LIVE CUTTING MIN.1/2"DIA
F /-2'-3'LENGTH
//
z TOE OF STREAMBANK
0_
/ NOTES:
a 1.ENHANCEMENT AREAS HAVE 5 X 5 SPACING ONLY.
0
2.IF STAKES ARE BEING HARVESTED NEAR THE SITE, is 5 X 5 LIVE STAKES
O STAKES SHOULD BE CUT AND INSTALLED ON THE SAME DAY.
/ 3.KEEP STAKES COOL AND MOIST WHILE ON THE JOB SITE '..♦.
F AND PRIOR TO INSTALLATION. C •:, ANGLE CUT 30-45 DEGREES
CO 4.DO NOT INSTALL STAKES THAT HAVE BEEN SPLIT. r..��.-# 3 X 3 LIVE STAKES
F 5.STAKES MUST BE INSTALLED WITH BUDS POINTING UPWARDS. &,*, •,•A LIVE STAKE DETAIL
2 6.STAKES SHALL BE INSTALLED PERPENDICULAR TO BANK. SEE PLAN VIEW SHEET FOR LIVE STAKING LOCATIONS
W 7.STAKES SHALL BE 1/2 TO 2 INCHES IN DIAMETER AND 2 TO 3 FT LONG.
F 8.STAKES SHALL BE INSTALLED LEAVING 1/5 OF STAKE ABOVE GROUND. TYPICAL LIVE STAKING AREA PLAN VIEW
U)
i REVISIONS PREPARED FOR: 1( PREPARED IN THE OFFICE OF: 1( PROJECT ENGINEER N
CO• NO. DESCRIPTION ENGR. APPROV DATE
0 1 70%MITIGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/21 WATER L D,� ECOSYSTEM
0 re STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT PLANNING & PROGRESS DRAWING
L U T I EPR RESTORATION
CATAWBA COUNTY, NC DOONOT USE REVIER FOR CONSTRUCTION
OPURPOSES ONLY
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NO2 1 1 50 SE MAYNARD RD,SUITE 140
roa C 7721 SIX FORKS RD#130, CARY,NC 27511
and\. _ J` RALEIGH,NC 27615 /` J` LICENSE#P-1 182 J

OUTLET PROTECTION oP (PROJECT
)(SHEET NO.
136 2L
0
a STEP INVERT ELEVATION
A ACTUAL NUMBER OF A HEADER ROCK DETAILS
ROCKS AND STEPS MAY VARY I FLyW FOOTER ROCK
BOULDERS _IIIII5MIND STEP INVERT ELEVATION V POOL SPACING
'' :9% / H=STEP HEIGHT] POOL A
8yt...
J �••1�a'•• GEOTEXTILE FABRIC
BACK OF BENCH ''•... • � ; STONE BACKFILL
001.t71 W.'big
HEADER ROCK PROFILE VIEW A-A'
s"•L'(s.C'•: '-"''•""- 1111 STONE BACKFILL
BANKFULL • °l•°1,`!I =`' t?,,',. % _ WIDTH VARIES _
OUTLET PROTECTION SPECIFICATIONS a :rN.,M:w..''.'.6I U U
I:'Cs° n:: I Z Z
M?TLR:ALS: SPECIFICATIONS: C : 8:''°••! C m • 5.2' • LL
TYPE: GRANITE OR COMPARABLE tit�'� } 0 0 EXISTING GROUND
BOULDER SIZE: 3FTX2FTX2FT _ Y Y
NUMBER OF HEADER ROWS: 1 FOOTER ROCK B U U B'
NUMBER OF FOOTER ROWS: 1 g°° `�oiVii.N5; ?
d° G.:'N. • �r
TYPE: TYPE 2 NON-WOVEN TOE OF BANK ° ,°° :lI
FILTER FABRIC i c /%. . . .
WIDTH UPSTREAM: 6 FT MINIMUM ',t.°. �. LARGE STONE BACKFILL
."' ALONG TOE VARIES 8'-0"TO 1 2'-0"
` "r' 1 COIR FIBER MATTING 2-
LARGE STONE BACKFILL U 0 U
NOTES FOR OUTLET PROTECTION STRUCTURES: t° .• " I D=POOL DEPTH Z Z COIR FIBER MATTING.
1.FOOTER ROCKS SHALL BE INSTALLED SUCH THAT 1/4 TO 1/3 OF THE LENGTH °'8 �q�"� � STONE BACKFILL m 9'-0" m (STOPS BEHIND HEADER ROCKS)
IS DOWNSTREAM
0
2.SOIL ALL BE WELL COMPACTED AROUND BURIED PORTION OF FOOTER POOL CROSS SECTION B-B' EXISTING GROUND
ROCKS WITH BUCKET OF TRACK HOE. A C U Y Y U
3.INSTALL GEOTEXTILE FILTER FABRIC UNDERNEATH FOOTER ROCKS. Z Z
4.UNDERCUT POOL BED ELEVATION 8 INCHES TO ALLOW FOR LAYER OF STONE. Q Q •
5.INSTALL COIR FIBER MATTING ALONG COMPLETED BANKS SUCH THAT THE PLAN VIEW
COIR FIBER MATTING AT THE TOE OF THE BANK EXTENDS DOWN TO
THE UNDERCUT ELEVATION.
6.INSTALL LARGE STONE BACKFILL ALONG SIDE SLOPES.
7.FINAL CHANNEL BED SHAPE SHOULD BE ROUNDED,COMPACTED,AND GEOTEXTILE FABRIC HEADER ROCK
CONCAVE,WITH THE ELEVATION OF THE BED APPROXIMATELY 0.5 FT DEEPER (BEGINS BEHIND HEADER ROCKS)
IN THE CENTER THAN AT THE EDGES.
8.STEP HEIGHT(H)SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.9 FT. FOOTER ROCK STEP INVERT
9.CONSTRUCTED RIFFLES MAY BE SUBSTITUTED IN AREAS WHERE EXISTING
SLOPES ARE LESS THAN 2%AS DETERMINED IN THE FIELD BY THE ENGINEER. POOL CROSS SECTION C-C'
STANDARD DITCH
NATURAL NATURAL NATURAL NATURAL
GROUND \�j GROUND GROUND \ GROUND
S7 q.3'� �h 2y 1. 2'
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N 1. BANKS OF TYPE A DITCHES PROTECTED WITH GEOTEXTILE FABRIC(SEE SPECIFICATIONS)
2 2. BANKS OF TYPE B DITCHES PROTECTED WITH STRAW,TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT SEEDING.
w 3.TYPE B DITCHES TO BE CONSTRUCTED WITH A MAXIMUM SLOPE OF 0.0005
4.SPOIL FROM DITCHES TO BE USED IN FILLING OLD CHANNEL,CONSTRUCTION OF LEVEES,
OR SPREAD EVENLY OVER UPSLOPE AREAS.
F
N
i REVISIONS PREPARED FOR: 1 r PREPARED IN THE OFFICE OF: 1 t PROJECT ENGINEER N
m NO. DESCRIPTION ENGR. APPROV DATE
0 1 70%MITIGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/21 \ f E R & LAN D°" ECOSYSTEM
STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT PLANNING & PROGRESS DRAWING
L U T I 0 CATAWBA COUNTY, NC DOONOTR USIE FOR CONSTRUCTION
oW EPR RESTORATION
Noe 1 1 50 SE MAYNARD RD,SUITE 140
roa c 7721 SIX FORKS RD#130, CARY,NC 2751 1
N,. _ J` RALEIGH,NC 27615 J` LICENSE#P-1 182 J

STRUCTURE TABLES )(SHEET NO.
(PROJECT
136 3
TABLES
J
STRUCTURE TABLES TO BE
DETERMINED AT 90%DESIGN
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m NO. DESCRIPTION ENGR. APPROV DATE
3 1 70%MITIGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/21 \ T E R & LAECOSYSTEM
° STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT PLANNING & PROGRESS DRAWING
PURPOSES ONLY
L U T I 0 CATAWBA COUNTY, NC DOFONOT USE REVIER FOR CONSTRUCTION
OW
EPR RESTORATION
NO2 I 150 SE MAYNARD RD,SUITE 140
roa c 7721 SIX FORKS RD#130, CARY,NC 2751 1
md � J` RALEIGH,NC 27615 J` LICENSE#P-1 182

NO)
VEGETATION SELECTION PROJECT SHEET
C 136 )C 3
Proposed Riparian Buffer Bare Root Plantings TABLES
%Proposed for
Scientific Name Common Name Mixed-Mesic Forest Alluvial Forest
Planting by Species N J
Betula nigra River birch 15% Yes
Fraxinus pennsylvanica Green ash 4% Yes
Platanusoccidentalis American sycamore 15% Yes
Ulmusamericana American elm 5% Yes
Quercus michauxii Swamp chestnut oak 15% Yes Yes
Quercus alba White oak 15% Yes Yes
Quercusphellos Willow oak 10% Yes
Quercus nigra Water oak 10% Yes
Caryovata Shagbark Hickory 5% Yes
Diospyros virginiana Persimmon 6% Yes Yes
Note:Final species selection may change due to refinement or availability at the time of planting.Species substitutions will be coordinated between WLS
and planting contractor prior to the procurement of seeding stock.
Proposed Riparian Buffer Permanent Seeding
%Proposed for
Scientific Name Common Name Seeding Rate(lb/acre)
Planting by Species
Andropogon gerardii Big blue stem 10% 2
Dichanthelium clandestinum Deer tongue 15% 3
Elymus virginicus Virginia wildrye 15% 3
Panicum virgatum Switchgrass 15% 3
Schizachyrium scoparium Little blue stem 25% 5
Rudbeckia hirta Black-eyed susan 10% 2
z
o Echinacea purpurea Coneflower 10% 2
d
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allote:Final species selection may change due to refinement or availability at the time of planting.Species substitutions will
cEI be coordinated between WLS and planting contractor prior to the procurement of seeding stock.
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m NO. DESCRIPTION ENGR. APPROV DATE
3 1 70%MITIGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/21 \ T E R & L N D ECOSYSTEM
re STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT1[
PLANNING & PROGRESS DRAWING
PURPOSES ONLY
�' O L U T I O CATAWBA COUNTY, NC DOFONOT USE R REVIEFOR CONSTRUCTION
oW EPR RESTORATION
NO2 1150 SE MAYNARD RD,SUITE 140
°Jac 7721 SIX FORKS RD#130, CARY,NC 27511
N.!. _ J` RALEIGH,NC 27615 J` LICENSE#P-1 182 J

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0 1 70%MITIGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/21 WAT E R & LA N D E�05YSTEM
O I II STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT PLANNING �C PROGRESS DRAWING
4, SO L U T I 0 \ S CATAWBA COUNTY, NC FORT USEEF RCO PURPOSES ONLY
NU
EAR RESTORATION DO NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION
Ow
I 1 50 SE MAYNARD RD,SUITE 140
o0 7721 SIX FORKS RD#130, CARY,NC 2751 1
NI'. _ J` RALEIGH,NC 2761 5 J` ,I` LICENSE#P-1 182 J`�

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m NO. DESCRIPTION ENGR. APPROV DATE
0 1 70%MITIGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/21 WAT E R & LA N Dr.
ECOSYSTEM
o I II STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT PLANNING �C PROGRESS DRAWING
—1'2 SO L U T I 0 \ S CATAWBA COUNTY, NC FORT USEEF RCO PURPOSES ONLY
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Ow
NO2 I 1 50 SE MAYNARD RD,SUITE 140
o0 c 7721 SIX FORKS RD#130, CARY,NC 2751 1
mdk� - J` RALEIGH,NC 2761 5 .1` J` LICENSE#P-1 182 ..I .—
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m NO. DESCRIPTION ENGR. APPROV DATE
0 1 70%MITIGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/214WiTER & LA1yD� ECOSYSTEM
°0 I STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT PLANNING & PROGRESS DRAWING
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0 1 70%MITIGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/21 WATER & LAND E�oSYSTEM
o I II STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT PLANNING �C PROGRESS DRAWING
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0 1 70%MITIGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/21 WATER & LAND" ECOSYSTEM
° I II STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT PLANNING & PROGRESS DRAWING
N42; S L lJ T S CATAWBA COUNTY, NC FOR REVIEW PURPOSES ONLY
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Ow(3z I 150 SE MAYNARD RD,SUITE 140
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0 1 70%MITGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/21 WAT E R & LAN D` ECOSYSTEM
° II STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT1[
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m NO. DESCRIPTION ENGR. APPROV DATE
0 1 70%MITGATION PLAN EMB EP 03/18/21 WATER & LAND-
STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT PLANNING 8C PROGRESS DRAWING
au 5 O L lJ T I O \ S CATAWBA COUNTY, NCDOF NOT USIE FOR CONSETRUCTION
oW EPR RESTORATION
NO2 1150 SE MAYNARD RD,SUITE 140
°Jac 7721 SIX FORKS RD#130, CARP,NC 2751 1
md� J RALEIGH,NC 27615 .1 . J` LICENSE#P-1 182 J

Appendix B- Existing Conditions Data
WLS Catawba 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank
Starker Mitigation Site
BEHI
Existing Cross-Section
Sediment Samples
Hydric Soils Report
NC DWQ Stream Identification

Banks Assessment for Non-point source
Consequences of Sediment (BANCS)
Starker: Existing Conditons
Bank Erosion Hazard
Stream Index Near Bank Shear Erosion Rate
Sub-Reach Length (ft)* (BEHI)Category Stress (Tons/yr)
S100(North of 1-40,above crossing)
Left Bank 1025 Low Very Low 0.10
47 Extreme Very Low 5.88
Right Bank 825 Low Very Low 0.08
145 Moderate Very Low 0.29
111 Extreme Very Low 13.90
subtotal 20
S100(North of 1-40,below crossing)
Left Bank 94 Low Very Low 0.04
1212 Moderate Very Low 0.75
723 High Very Low 3.66
370 Extreme Very Low 46.98
Right Bank 111 Low Very Low 0.02
1209 Moderate Very Low 5.34
621 High Very Low 13.36
422 Extreme Very Low 116.43
subtotal 187
S100(South of 1-40)
Left Bank 1362 Moderate Low 10.64
410 High Low 10.89
250 Extreme Low 126.98
Right Bank 1379 Moderate Low 10.22
307 High Low 7.73
347 Extreme Low 167.13
subtotal 334
Reach S100 Total 540
S200(North of 1-40)
Left Bank 85 Low Very Low 0.02
246 High Very Low 4.31
324 Very High Very Low 30.53
159 Extreme Very Low 35.67
Right Bank 115 Low Very Low 0.02
264 High Very Low 4.74
329 Very High Very Low 31.80
104 Extreme Very Low 23.94
subtotal 131
S200(South of 1-40,above crossing)
Left Bank 424 Moderate Low 2.37
160 High Low 3.04
Right Bank 421 Low Low 0.05
106 Moderate Low 0.12
53 High Low 0.20
subtotal 6
S200(South of 1-40,below crossing)
Left Bank 1609 Moderate Moderate 12.09
930 High Moderate 18.63
258 Extreme Moderate 80.74
Right Bank 1495 Moderate Moderate 20.21
926 High Moderate 33.39
412 Extreme Moderate 232.09
subtotal 397
Reach S200 Total 534
Project Total 1074

Banks Assessment for Non-point source
Consequences of Sediment (BANCS)
Starker: Design
Bank Erosion Hazard
Stream Index Near Bank Shear Erosion Rate
Sub-Reach Length (ft)* (BEHI)Category Stress (Tons/yr)
S100(North of 1-40,above crossing)
Left Bank 1076 Low Very Low 0.11
Right Bank 1076 Low Very Low 0.11
subtotal 0
S100(North of 1-40, below crossing)
Left Bank 2355 Low Very Low 0.94
Right Bank 2355 Low Very Low 0.52
subtotal 1
S100*South of 1-40)
Left Bank 2054 Low Low 1.61
Right Bank 2054 Low Low 1.52
subtotal 3
Reach S100 Total 5
S200(North of 1-40)
Left Bank 815 Low Very Low 0.15
Right Bank 815 Low Very Low 0.15
subtotal 0
S200(South of 1-40,above crossing)
Left Bank 583 Low Low 0.33
Right Bank 583 Low Low 0.06 J
subtotal 0
S200(South of 1-40,below crossing)
Left Bank 2812 Low Moderate 3.52
Right Bank 2812 Low Moderate 6.34
subtotal 10
Reach S200 Total 11
Project Total 15

RIVERMORPH CROSS SECTION SUMMARY
River Name : Starker
Reach Name : S100
Cross Section Name : S100 N OF I-40 , ABOVE CROSSING
Survey Date : 07/14/2020
Cross Section Data Entry
BM Elevation : 1 ft
Backsight Rod Reading : 100 ft
TAPE FS ELEV NOTE
1 5 .07 95 . 93
4 5 . 23 95 . 77
8 5 . 64 95 . 36 LTOB
8 . 5 6. 67 94. 33
9 . 1 6. 82 94 . 18
9 . 7 8 . 12 92 . 88 FIELD BKF
9 . 8 8 . 73 92 . 27
10. 5 8 . 75 92 . 25
11. 5 8 . 7 92 . 3
11. 8 8 . 65 92 . 35 REW
13 8 .43 92 . 57
15 . 7 8 .02 92 . 98 BKF
19 7 . 59 93 .41
22 . 2 6. 8 94 . 2
23 6. 65 94 . 35
27 3 . 5 97 . 5
29 3 . 2 97 . 8
Cross Sectional Geometry
Channel Left Right
Floodprone Elevation (ft) 93 . 71 93 . 71 93 . 71
Bankfull Elevation (ft) 92 . 98 92 . 98 92 . 98
Floodprone width (ft) 10 . 9
Bankfull width (ft) 6.05 2 . 72 3 . 33
Entrenchment Ratio 1. 8
Mean Depth (ft) 0.43 0. 65 0. 25
Maximum Depth (ft) 0. 73 0. 73 0. 53
Width/Depth Ratio 14 .07 4. 16 13 . 32
Bankfull Area (sq ft) 2 . 63 1. 78 0. 85
wetted Perimeter (ft) 6. 68 3 . 84 3 . 9
Hydraulic Radius (ft) 0. 39 0.46 0. 22
Begin BKF Station 9. 65 9. 65 12 . 37
End BKF Station 15 . 7 12 . 37 15 . 7
Entrainment Calculations
Entrainment Formula: Rosgen Modified Shields Curve
Channel Left Side Right Side
Slope 0 0 0
Shear Stress (lb/sq ft)
Movable Particle (mm)

S100 N OF 1-40, ABOVE CROSSING
O Ground Points •Bankfull Indicators V Water Surface Points
Wbkf = 6.05 Dbkf - .-.. Abkf = 2.63
98-
0
96—
C
0
0
j 0 0
4) 94
W
0
0
0
0 O 0o
92
90
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Horizontal Distance (ft)

RIVERMORPH CROSS SECTION SUMMARY
River Name : Starker
Reach Name : S100
Cross Section Name : S100 N OF I-40 , BELOW CROSSING
Survey Date : 07/14/2020
Cross Section Data Entry
BM Elevation : 1 ft
Backsight Rod Reading : 100 ft
TAPE FS ELEV NOTE
0 6. 15 94 . 85 LPin
4 6. 38 94 . 62 LTOB
5 6. 78 94 . 22
6. 3 7 . 83 93 . 17
7 . 3 8 . 16 92 . 84
8 8 . 5 92 . 5 BKF
8 . 9 8 . 85 92 . 15
9 . 5 9 . 11 91. 89
10. 2 9 . 37 91. 63 LEW
11 9 . 54 91.46
12 . 2 9 . 58 91.42
13 9 . 61 91. 39 TWG
14 . 2 9 .4 91. 6 REW
15 .4 9 . 16 91. 84
16. 3 9 . 25 91. 75 Back of bench
16.4 8 . 61 92 . 39
18 8 . 13 92 . 87 FIELD BKF
19 .4 7 . 54 93 .46
20. 7 7 .07 93 . 93
21. 5 6. 68 94 . 32
22 6.07 94 . 93 RPin
Cross Sectional Geometry
Channel Left Right
Floodprone Elevation (ft) 93 . 61 93 . 61 93 . 61
Bankfull Elevation (ft) 92 . 5 92 . 5 92 . 5
Floodprone Width (ft) 14 .06
Bankfull Width (ft) 8 . 77 4. 6 4. 17
Entrenchment Ratio 1. 6
Mean Depth (ft) 0. 77 0. 75 0. 79
Maximum Depth (ft) 1. 11 1.09 1. 11
Width/Depth Ratio 11. 39 6. 16 5 . 28
Bankfull Area (sq ft) 6. 72 3 .43 3 . 28
Wetted Perimeter (ft) 9. 56 5 . 88 5 . 87
Hydraulic Radius (ft) 0. 7 0. 58 0. 56
Begin BKF Station 8 8 12 . 6
End BKF Station 16 . 77 12 . 6 16 . 77
Entrainment Calculations
Entrainment Formula: Rosgen Modified Shields Curve
Channel Left side Right side

Slope 0 0 0
Shear Stress (lb/sq ft)
Movable Particle (mm)

S100 N OF 1-40, BELOW CROSSING
O Ground Points •Bankfull Indicators V Water Surface Points
Wbkf = 8.77 Dbkf - .-- Abkf = 6.72
95—
•
94
i
O
93
Q 0
c
4)
W 0
0
92—
•
91
90
0 5 10 15 20 25
Horizontal Distance (ft)

RIVERMORPH CROSS SECTION SUMMARY
River Name : Starker
Reach Name : S100
Cross Section Name : S100 S OF I-40-XS1 US
Survey Date : 07/14/2020
Cross Section Data Entry
BM Elevation : 1 ft
Backsight Rod Reading : 100 ft
TAPE FS ELEV NOTE
0 12 . 71 88 . 29 LPin
2 13 .07 87 . 93
4 13 . 35 87 . 65
5 . 5 13 . 65 87 . 35
7 14 .09 86. 91
8 . 3 14 . 35 86. 65
8 . 6 14 . 56 86.44
8 . 8 15 .04 85 . 96
9 . 3 15 .45 85 . 55
9 . 6 16.01 84. 99
10. 1 16. 2 84. 8 LEW
11 16. 23 84. 77
12 16. 26 84. 74
13 .4 16.4 84. 6 TW
14 . 2 16.41 84 . 59 REW
14 . 9 15 . 32 85 . 68
15 . 3 14 . 98 86.02 BKFL
16. 1 14 . 33 86. 67
17 13 . 87 87 . 13
19 13 . 35 87 . 65
20 13 .08 87 . 92 RPin
Cross Sectional Geometry
Channel Left Right
Floodprone Elevation (ft) 87 .45 87 .45 87 .45
Bankfull Elevation (ft) 86 .02 86 .02 86 .02
Floodprone width (ft) 13 . 23
Bankfull width (ft) 6. 53 3 . 25 3 . 27
Entrenchment Ratio 2 .03
Mean Depth (ft) 1.08 1.02 1. 13
Maximum Depth (ft) 1.43 1. 28 1.43
Width/Depth Ratio 6.05 3 . 17 2 . 89
Bankfull Area (sq ft) 7 .01 3 . 34 3 . 68
Wetted Perimeter (ft) 7 . 81 5 . 1 5 . 28
Hydraulic Radius (ft) 0. 9 0. 65 0. 7
Begin BKF Station 8 . 78 8 . 78 12 .03
End BKF Station 15 . 3 12 .03 15 . 3
Entrainment Calculations
Entrainment Formula: Rosgen Modified Shields Curve
Channel Left side Right side

Slope 0 0 0
Shear Stress (lb/sq ft)
Movable Particle (mm)

S100 S OF 1-40- XS1 US
O Ground Points •Bankfull Indicators V Water Surface Points
Wbkf = 6.53 Dbkf = 1.08 Abkf = 7.01
90
88
86—
C
O
84
82
80
0 5 10 15 20 25
Horizontal Distance (ft)

RIVERMORPH CROSS SECTION SUMMARY
River Name : Starker
Reach Name : S100
Cross Section Name : S100 S OF I-40-XS2 DS
Survey Date : 07/14/2020
Cross Section Data Entry
BM Elevation : 1 ft
Backsight Rod Reading : 100 ft
TAPE FS ELEV NOTE
0 3 . 58 97 .42 LPin
0. 5 3 . 71 97 . 29
2 . 1 5 .06 95 . 94
3 . 6 6. 56 94 .44
4 . 5 6. 99 94 .01
5 . 5 8 93
5 . 8 8 . 82 92 . 18
6. 3 9 . 13 91. 87 BKFL
6. 7 9 . 38 91. 62
6. 9 10. 36 90. 64 LEW
9 10.49 90. 51
11. 2 10. 53 90.47
12 . 2 10. 64 90. 36 TW
12 . 8 10. 36 90. 64 REW
13 9 . 53 91.47
13 . 3 9 . 36 91. 64
13 . 5 9 . 14 91. 86 BKFL
15 . 3 8 . 82 92 . 18
16. 7 8 . 56 92 .44
17 . 6 8 . 21 92 . 79
18 .4 7 . 87 93 . 13
21. 6 7 . 15 93 . 85
25 7 .45 93 . 55 RPin
Cross Sectional Geometry
Channel Left Right
Floodprone Elevation (ft) 93 . 38 93 . 38 93 . 38
Bankfull Elevation (ft) 91. 87 91. 87 91. 87
Floodprone width (ft) 14 . 39
Bankfull width (ft) 7 . 26 3 . 63 3 . 63
Entrenchment Ratio 1. 98
Mean Depth (ft) 1. 17 1. 15 1. 19
Maximum Depth (ft) 1. 51 1. 38 1. 51
Width/Depth Ratio 6. 21 3 . 14 3 .05
Bankfull Area (sq ft) 8 . 51 4. 19 4. 32
wetted Perimeter (ft) 9 5 . 88 5 . 87
Hydraulic Radius (ft) 0. 95 0. 71 0. 74
Begin BKF Station 6. 3 6. 3 9. 93
End BKF Station 13 . 56 9. 93 13 . 56
Entrainment Calculations
Entrainment Formula: Rosgen Modified Shields Curve

Channel Left side Right side
Slope 0 0 0
Shear Stress (lb/sq ft)
Movable Particle (mm)

S100 S OF 1-40- XS2 DS
O Ground Points •Bankfull Indicators V Water Surface Points
Wbkf = 7.2E Dbkf = 1.17 Abkf = 8.51
98
96
C
O 0
4) 94 0
W
0
•
l�
92
0 9
V
e
90
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Horizontal Distance (ft)

RIVERMORPH CROSS SECTION SUMMARY
River Name : Starker
Reach Name : S100
Cross Section Name : S102
Survey Date : 07/14/2020
Cross Section Data Entry
BM Elevation : 1 ft
Backsight Rod Reading : 100 ft
TAPE FS ELEV NOTE
0 5 . 55 95 .45 LPin
4 5 . 37 95 . 63
7 . 1 5 . 79 95 . 21 LTOB
8 . 6 6. 39 94 . 61
9 . 1 7 . 17 93 . 83
9 . 8 8 . 15 92 . 85 BKF
10. 6 8 .4 92 . 6 LEW
11 8 . 54 92 .46
11. 3 8 . 54 92 .46
11.4 8 .49 92 . 51 REW
11. 8 7 . 62 93 . 38
13 . 3 7 .09 93 . 91
14 .4 6. 5 94 . 5
15 . 6 6. 24 94 . 76
20 5 . 39 95 . 61 RTOB/RPin
Cross Sectional Geometry
Channel Left Right
Floodprone Elevation (ft) 93 . 24 93 . 24 93 . 24
Bankfull Elevation (ft) 92 . 85 92 . 85 92 . 85
Floodprone width (ft) 2 . 21
Bankfull width (ft) 1. 76 0. 88 0. 88
Entrenchment Ratio 1. 26
Mean Depth (ft) 0. 23 0. 14 0. 33
Maximum Depth (ft) 0. 39 0. 28 0. 39
Width/Depth Ratio 7 . 65 6. 39 2 . 67
Bankfull Area (sq ft) 0.41 0. 12 0. 29
wetted Perimeter (ft) 2 .05 1. 2 1.4
Hydraulic Radius (ft) 0. 2 0. 1 0. 2
Begin BKF Station 9. 8 9. 8 10 . 68
End BKF Station 11. 56 10 . 68 11. 56
Entrainment Calculations
Entrainment Formula: Rosgen Modified Shields Curve
Channel Left side Right Side
Slope 0 0 0
Shear Stress (lb/sq ft)
Movable Particle (mm)

S102
0 Ground Points •Bankfull Indicators V Water Surface Points
Wbkf = 1.76 Dbkf = .23 Abkf = .41
96—
0
•
95
0
94
O
C
O
4) 93
W
CS
92
91
90
0 5 10 15 20 25
Horizontal Distance (ft)

RIVERMORPH CROSS SECTION SUMMARY
River Name : Starker
Reach Name : S100
Cross Section Name : S101
Survey Date : 07/14/2020
Cross Section Data Entry
BM Elevation : 1 ft
Backsight Rod Reading : 100 ft
TAPE FS ELEV NOTE
0 4 . 53 96.47 LPin
2 5 .04 95 . 96
4 5 . 53 95 .47
6. 1 6. 22 94 . 78
7 .4 7 . 14 93 . 86
8 . 8 8 . 53 92 .47
10. 3 9 . 26 91. 74 FIELD BKFL
11. 2 9 . 79 91. 21 BKF
11. 6 10. 15 90. 85 LEW
12 . 6 10. 23 90. 77 TW
13 . 2 10. 15 90. 85 REW
14 9 . 84 91. 16 BKF
14 . 3 9 . 23 91. 77 FIELD BKFL
15 . 1 8 . 78 92 . 22
16. 6 8 . 29 92 . 71
17 . 9 7 . 54 93 .46
19 6. 79 94 . 21
22 . 7 5 . 32 95 . 68
27 4 . 79 96. 21 RPin
Cross Sectional Geometry
Channel Left Right
Floodprone Elevation (ft) 91. 61 91. 61 91. 61
Bankfull Elevation (ft) 91. 19 91. 19 91. 19
Floodprone width (ft) 3 . 7
Bankfull width (ft) 2 . 79 1.06 1. 73
Entrenchment Ratio 1. 33
Mean Depth (ft) 0. 29 0. 3 0. 29
Maximum Depth (ft) 0.42 0. 39 0.42
Width/Depth Ratio 9. 62 3 . 57 5 . 97
Bankfull Area (sq ft) 0. 82 0. 31 0. 51
wetted Perimeter (ft) 3 .01 1. 58 2 . 21
Hydraulic Radius (ft) 0. 27 0. 2 0. 23
Begin BKF Station 11. 22 11. 22 12 . 28
End BKF Station 14 .01 12 . 28 14 .01
Entrainment Calculations
Entrainment Formula: Rosgen Modified Shields Curve
Channel Left side Right Side
Slope 0 0 0
Shear Stress (lb/sq ft)

Movable Particle (mm)

S101
O Ground Points •Bankfull Indicators V Water Surface Points
Wbkf = 2.79 Dbkf = .29 Abkf = .82
98
0
96
0
0
4) 94
W 0
0
92
0
v $ v
90
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Horizontal Distance (ft)

RIVERMORPH CROSS SECTION SUMMARY
River Name : Starker
Reach Name : S200
Cross Section Name : S200 N OF I-40
Survey Date : 07/15/2020
Cross Section Data Entry
BM Elevation : 1 ft
Backsight Rod Reading : 100 ft
TAPE FS ELEV NOTE
0 4 . 53 96.47
2 5 . 82 95 . 18
3 . 1 6. 1 94 . 9
4 .4 6.47 94 . 53
5 6. 74 94 . 26 BKF
6 . 5 7 .42 93 . 58
7 . 7 7 . 57 93 .43 LEW
8 . 1 7 . 67 93 . 33
9 . 1 7 . 64 93 . 36
10 7 . 64 93 . 36
10. 5 7 . 58 93 .42 REW
13 . 2 6. 36 94 . 64
14 . 8 6. 26 94 . 74
15 . 7 6. 17 94 . 83
17 . 3 5 . 6 95 .4
19 . 2 4 . 63 96. 37
Cross Sectional Geometry
Channel Left Right
Floodprone Elevation (ft) 95 . 19 95 . 19 95 . 19
Bankfull Elevation (ft) 94 . 26 94 . 26 94 . 26
Floodprone width (ft) 14 . 73
Bankfull width (ft) 7 . 36 3 . 68 3 . 68
Entrenchment Ratio 2
Mean Depth (ft) 0. 64 0. 63 0. 65
Maximum Depth (ft) 0. 93 0. 93 0. 91
Width/Depth Ratio 11. 5 5 . 88 5 . 66
Bankfull Area (sq ft) 4. 71 2 . 3 2 . 41
wetted Perimeter (ft) 7 . 71 4 . 76 4 . 78
Hydraulic Radius (ft) 0. 61 0.48 0. 5
Begin BKF Station 5 5 8 . 68
End BKF Station 12 . 36 8 . 68 12 . 36
Entrainment Calculations
Entrainment Formula: Rosgen Modified Shields Curve
Channel Left Side Right Side
Slope 0 0 0
Shear Stress (lb/sq ft)
Movable Particle (mm)

S200 N OF 1-40
O Ground Points •Bankfull Indicators V Water Surface Points
Wbkf = 7.36 Dbkf = .64 Abkf = 4.71
98
96
O
94
92
90
0 5 10 15 20
Horizontal Distance (ft)

RIVERMORPH CROSS SECTION SUMMARY
River Name : Starker
Reach Name : S200
Cross Section Name : S200 S OF I-40 , ABOVE CROSSING -XS4
Survey Date : 07/14/2020
Cross Section Data Entry
BM Elevation : 1 ft
Backsight Rod Reading : 100 ft
TAPE FS ELEV NOTE
0 5 .01 95 . 99 LPin
1. 5 6. 24 94 . 76
3 7 . 3 93 . 7
3 . 7 8 . 1 92 . 9
4 . 5 8 . 59 92 .41
6 8 . 9 92 . 1
9 9 .09 91. 91
13 9 .06 91. 94
15 . 7 8 . 9 92 . 1
16 8 . 92 92 .08
16. 5 9 . 16 91. 84
16. 8 9 . 61 91. 39 BKFL
17 . 2 9 . 91 91.09
17 . 7 10. 5 90. 5 LEW
18 . 5 10. 6 90.4 TW
19 . 2 10. 57 90.43
20. 3 10. 56 90.44
20. 9 10. 52 90.48 REW
21. 2 9 . 94 91.06
21. 5 9 . 62 91. 38 BKFL
21. 8 9 .46 91. 54
22 . 2 9 . 12 91. 88
23 . 7 8 . 74 92 . 26
25 . 9 7 . 5 93 . 5
28 5 .03 95 . 97
30 3 . 27 97 . 73 RPin
Cross Sectional Geometry
Channel Left Right
Floodprone Elevation (ft) 92 . 36 92 . 36 92 . 36
Bankfull Elevation (ft) 91. 38 91. 38 91. 38
Floodprone width (ft) 19 . 14
Bankfull width (ft) 4. 69 2 . 35 2 . 34
Entrenchment Ratio 4.08
Mean Depth (ft) 0. 77 0. 74 0. 8
Maximum Depth (ft) 0. 98 0. 98 0. 95
Width/Depth Ratio 6.09 3 . 19 2 . 92
Bankfull Area (sq ft) 3 . 59 1. 73 1. 86
wetted Perimeter (ft) 5 . 56 3 . 68 3 . 78
Hydraulic Radius (ft) 0. 65 0.47 0. 49
Begin BKF Station 16 . 81 16 . 81 19 . 16
End BKF Station 21. 5 19 . 16 21. 5
Entrainment Calculations

Entrainment Formula: Rosgen Modified Shields Curve
Channel Left side Right side
Slope 0 0 0
Shear Stress (lb/sq ft)
Movable Particle (mm)

S200 S OF 1-40, ABOVE CROSSING - XS4
O Ground Points •Bankfull Indicators V Water Surface Points
Wbkf = 4.6: Dbkf - .-- Abkf = 3.59
98
A
96 . •
0
0
94
0
0
O
O
92
• •
9
U
v e So
90
0 10 20 30 40
Horizontal Distance (ft)

RIVERMORPH CROSS SECTION SUMMARY
River Name : Starker
Reach Name : S200
Cross Section Name : S200 S OF I-40 , ABOVE CROSSING - XS5
Survey Date : 07/14/2020
Cross Section Data Entry
BM Elevation : 1 ft
Backsight Rod Reading : 100 ft
TAPE FS ELEV NOTE
0 2 . 35 98 . 65 LPin
2 3 . 21 97 . 79
5 5 . 19 95 . 81
9 5 . 29 95 . 71
11 5 . 31 95 . 69
12 . 6 5 . 15 95 . 85
14 . 5 5 .42 95 . 58 BKFL
15 . 1 5 . 9 95 . 1
15 . 8 6. 2 94 . 8
16. 2 6.44 94 . 56 LEW
17 6. 6 94 .4
17 . 8 6. 58 94 .42
18 .4 6. 68 94 . 32 TW
18 . 7 6.48 94 . 52 REW
18 . 9 5 . 78 95 . 22
19 . 6 5 .45 95 . 55 BKFL
20. 7 4 . 86 96. 14
21.4 4 .43 96. 57
22 . 3 3 . 6 97 .4
23 . 5 2 . 51 98 .49 RPin
Cross Sectional Geometry
Channel Left Right
Floodprone Elevation (ft) 96 . 82 96 . 82 96 . 82
Bankfull Elevation (ft) 95 . 57 95 . 57 95 . 57
Floodprone width (ft) 18 . 2
Bankfull width (ft) 5 . 12 2 . 56 2 . 57
Entrenchment Ratio 3 . 55
Mean Depth (ft) 0. 79 0. 74 0. 85
Maximum Depth (ft) 1. 25 1. 17 1. 25
Width/Depth Ratio 6.48 3 .48 3 .02
Bankfull Area (sq ft) 4.06 1. 88 2 . 18
Wetted Perimeter (ft) 6. 11 4.03 4.41
Hydraulic Radius (ft) 0. 67 0.47 0.49
Begin BKF Station 14 . 51 14 . 51 17 .07
End BKF Station 19 . 64 17 .07 19 . 64
Entrainment Calculations
Entrainment Formula: Rosgen Modified Shields Curve
Channel Left side Right side
Slope 0 0 0

Shear Stress (lb/sq ft)
Movable Particle (mm)

S200 S OF 1-40, ABOVE CROSSING - XS5
O Ground Points •Bankfull Indicators V Water Surface Points
Wbkf = 5.72 Dbkf = .79 Abkf = 4.06
100
98
96
O
O
W
94
92
90
0 5 10 15 20 25
Horizontal Distance (ft)

RIVERMORPH CROSS SECTION SUMMARY
River Name : Starker
Reach Name : S200
Cross Section Name : S200 S OF I-40 , BELOW CROSSING
Survey Date : 07/14/2020
Cross Section Data Entry
BM Elevation : 1 ft
Backsight Rod Reading : 100 ft
TAPE FS ELEV NOTE
0 5 . 16 95 . 84 LPin
2 . 8 5 . 17 95 . 83
4 . 8 5 . 54 95 .46
7 5 . 5 95 . 5
8 5 . 67 95 . 33
9 6. 15 94 . 85
10. 3 6. 91 94 .09
11. 2 7 . 82 93 . 18 FIELD BKFL
11. 6 7 . 91 93 .09 BKF
11. 8 8 . 92 92 .08 LEW
13 9 .01 91. 99
14 . 7 8 . 86 92 . 14
15 . 9 8 . 95 92 .05
17 . 1 8 . 73 92 . 27 REW
17 .4 8 . 67 92 . 33
17 . 7 8 .04 92 . 96
18 . 8 7 . 89 93 . 11 BKFL
19 . 8 7 . 37 93 . 63
20. 8 7 .03 93 . 97
22 . 2 6. 5 94 . 5
23 . 7 5 . 55 95 .45
26 5 . 14 95 . 86
30 5 .08 95 . 92 RPin
Cross Sectional Geometry
Channel Left Right
Floodprone Elevation (ft) 94 . 21 94 . 21 94 . 21
Bankfull Elevation (ft) 93 . 1 93 . 1 93 . 1
Floodprone Width (ft) 11. 34
Bankfull Width (ft) 7 . 17 3 . 55 3 . 62
Entrenchment Ratio 1. 58
Mean Depth (ft) 0. 83 1 0. 66
Maximum Depth (ft) 1. 11 1. 11 1.05
Width/Depth Ratio 8 . 64 3 . 56 5 .48
Bankfull Area (sq ft) 5 . 92 3 . 54 2 . 38
Wetted Perimeter (ft) 8 .45 5 . 39 5 .04
Hydraulic Radius (ft) 0. 7 0. 66 0.47
Begin BKF Station 11. 56 11. 56 15 . 11
End BKF Station 18 . 73 15 . 11 18 . 73
Entrainment Calculations
Entrainment Formula: Rosgen Modified Shields Curve

Channel Left side Right side
Slope 0 0 0
Shear Stress (lb/sq ft)
Movable Particle (mm)

S200 S OF 1-40, BELOW CROSSING
0 Ground Points •Bankfull Indicators ♦Water Surface Points
Wbkf = 7.17 Dbkf = .83 Abkf = 5.92
96
C
1
95
/
94 „ Q
II
C
0
> l
93
W
rJ
92— G
91
90
0 10 20 30 40
Horizontal Distance (ft)

S100 (North of 1-40)
�00
90
30
70
`m
60
LL
W
U
50
40
30
20
10
0
0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
Particle Size(mm)

S100 (South of 1-40)
100 - - -
90
80
70 1 ir-11(elk--"11----i—iik---7
N
c 60
it
C
O1
U
50
a0)
40
30
20
10
0
0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 1000o
Particle Size(elm)

S200 (North of 1-40)
00 - - -
00
00
`m
50
OL
C
N
50
Ul
a
40
30
20
10
DD, 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
Particle Size(mm)

S200 (South of 1-40, below crossing)
as - - - - -
90
00
60
lL
U
0
a
40
30
20
10
0
001 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
Particle Size(mm)

HYDRIC SOIL & SITE INVESTIGATION
Hunsucker Tract
Catawba County, North Carolina
Prepared for:
Ecosystem Planning & Restoration
559 Jones Franklin Road, Suite 150
Raleigh, NC 27606
Prepared by:
*Apr— .01,
It li # Tr"
fi le
7/ J tiP
324 Blackwell Street, Suite 1200
Durham, NC 27701
[phone]
..co SOIL sr,
A: 1r s."'41*-=''4:°0 '.f.4 •
0—,Z
ti ;
1219
Michael G. Wood
January 3, 2019

INTRODUCTION
Ecosystem Planning & Restoration (EPR) is investigating the feasibility of stream and riparian
wetland mitigation within the Catawba River Basin. The project site was accessed from Rock
Barn Road, Catawba County, NC. Three Oaks Engineering (Three Oaks) has been retained to
perform a Hydric Soil & Site Investigation that describes and classifies the soil within the study
area to make a determination as to its present and/or past hydric status.
The Study Area is a 1.18-acre wetland delineated by EPR that is a lightly wooded pasture
adjacent to a UT to Mull Creek. The UT is mostly incised.
METHODOLOGY
Prior to performing the evaluation, NRCS soil maps and USGS topographic maps were reviewed.
The field investigation was performed on October 12, 2018, by Michael G. Wood, LSS. Soils were
evaluated via hand-turned soil auger borings. Each boring was classified based on soil
characteristics indicating the hydric soil status. Boring locations were located with a GPS Unit
with sub-meter accuracy and are shown on the attached figure. Hydric soil status is based upon
the NRCS Field Indicators of Hydric Soils in the United States -A Guide for Identifying and
Delineating Hydric Soils (Version 8.1, 2017).
RESULTS
Two (2) soil borings were advanced within the Study Area (Figure 1), both of which had colluvium
material from the surrounding uplands that washed in from anthropogenic activities. The
amount of colluvium varied from 8-13 inches. The colluvium material in both borings was
determined to be hydric. The original soil below the colluvium also was determined to have
been hydric. In all cases, hydric soil indicator F3 Depleted Matrix was the best match.
F3 Depleted Matrix. A layer that has a depleted matrix with 60 percent or more chroma
2 or less that has a minimum thickness of either:
a. 5 cm (2 inches) if the 5 cm starts at a depth of<10 cm (4 inches) from the soil
surface, or
b. 15 cm (6 inches), starting at a depth of<25 cm (10 inches) from the soil
surface.
CONCLUSION
Borings 1 and 2 are prime candidates for wetland rehabilitation. It is anticipated that through
removal of the cattle, raising the stream level, limited soil alterations, and re-vegetation, the
hydrology will be restored and allow the wetland to regain its normal functions.
Hunsucker Tract Hydric Soil&Site Investigation January 3, 2019
Three Oaks Job 18-795 1

The findings presented herein represent Three Oaks' professional opinion based on our Hydric
Soil & Site Investigation and knowledge of the current regulations regarding wetland mitigation
in North Carolina and national criteria for determining hydric soil.
Hunsucker Tract Hydric Soil&Site Investigation January 3, 2019
Three Oaks Job 18-795 2

•
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• it,
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- 1.18 Acres
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Soil Borings �` ti r •
a- - -- _
j Existing Wetlands .)k
- -NC gfo?Get grap e nt'Am•
.c kEER,NG D January2019 Figure - 1
c Hydric Soil Investigation
° "ww�,� Scaly: 0 25 50 Feet
4 �`b 1 1
agirl&
Q "" �� Hunsucker Farm Job No: 1
4433$6a Catawba County,North Carolina Drawn By Checked By
ETM MGIN

NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11
Date: 1-(1412026) Project/Site:5-1191/ /5f' 0 Latitude:25 q-Z(QQ 2(.,:,
Evaluator: 76,..S2nic /7p12- �County: Cap,.4.4).? Longitude: - Sl.pszt_
Total Points: Stream Determination(ci Other i
Stream is at least intermittent 5. Ephemeral Intermitten Perennia e.g. Quad Name:I V rt,Afi 7f')
if?19 orperennial if>_30*
A. Geomorphology (Subtotal = /2 .3 } Absent Weak Moderate Strong
la Continuity of channel bed and bank 0 1 2 03.
2. Sinuosity of channel along thalweg 0 1 2) 3
3. In-channel structure:ex. riffle-pool, step-pool, 0 1 2
ripple-pool sequence
4. Particle size of stream substrate 0 1 2
5.Active/relict floodplain 0 1 2 Cd333
6. Depositional bars or benches 0 1 '2 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits (0. 1 2 3
8. Headcuts 0 ( 2 3
9. Grade control 1� 5 1 1.5
10.Natural valley 0 0.5 1 15
11.Second or greater order channel ; No=0 Yes=3
a artificial ditches are not rated;see discussions in manual
B. Hydrology (Subtotal = 0 )
12. Presence of Baseflow 0 1 2 tS
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria 0 6 2 3
14. Leaf litter (i 1 0.5 0
. 15.Sediment on plants or debris _ 0 0 . 1.5
16.Organic debris lines or piles 0 !0. 1 1.5
17.Soil-based evidence of high water table? No=0 I Yes=3 .
C. Biology (Subtotal = c',„ )
18. Fibrous roots in streambed 2 1 0
19. Rooted upland plants in streambed (3 - 2 1 0
20. Macrobenthos(note diversity and abundance) 0 1 3
21.Aquatic Mollusks C. 1 2 3
22. Fish 0 07§ 1 1.5
23.Crayfish . 0 '0.5 1 1.5
24.Amphibians 0' 0.5 1 1.5
25.Algae �Vl 0.5 1 1.5
26.Wetland plants in streambed FACW=0.75; OBL= 1.5 Other=0
*perennial streams may also be identified using other methods.See p.35 of manual. "'---
Notes: Ca ci4f/Ae ?? (c._-- . i��), t,Y, e 66 rr,bc tt
Sketch:

S101
_ NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11
Date: 61, 1
fi / Project!Site: ,.1,0 6-A,, Latitude: 2 > "7 1267.5-
Evaluator:
f2_ County: Ca ) Longitude: -,z( ,\to 7 73 2_
TotalPoints; Stream Dete ' ioircle one) Other
Stream is at least intermittent Ephemeral intermittent erennial e.g. Quad Name:
if?19 or perennial if?30'
A. Geomorphology (Subtotal = ) _ Absent Weak Moderate Strong
12 Continuity of channel bed and bank 0 1 _ 2 0
2. Sinuosity of channel along thalweg 0 1 0 3 1-
3. In-channel structure:ex.riffle-pool, step-pool, 0 1 0 w 3
ripple-pool sequence
4. Particle size of stream substrate 0 1 (2-) 3
5.Active/relict floodplain 0 (t) 2 3
6. Depositional bars or benches (0) 1 2 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits 0 [ 13 2 3
8. Headcuts ® 2 3
9. Grade control 0 (4.5 1 1.5
10. Natural valley 0 -- 5) 1 1.5
11.Second or greater order channel _ No Yes=3
artificial ditches are not rated;see discussions in manual
B. Hydrology (Subtotal = .)
12. Presence of Baseflow 0 1 3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria 0 1 - 2 (,
14. Leaf litter 1.5 1 0.5 0
15. Sediment on plants or debris - 0 Oaf1 1.5
16. Organic debris lines or piles 0 CO-5,; 1 - 1.5
17.Soil-based evidence of high water table? No=0 ryes=3
C. Biology (Subtotal= __ 7 .)
18. Fibrous roots in streambed 3 2 1 0
19. Rooted upland plants in streambed 3 2 1 0
20. Macrobenthos(note diversity and abundance) 0) 1 2 3
21.Aquatic Mollusks (0;j 1 2 3
22. Fish 0 0.5 i .; 1.5
23. Crayfish 0.5 -1'
1.5
24.Amphibians Q6 0.5 1 1.5
25.Algae ;`4t 0.5 1 1.5
26.Wetland plants in streambed FACW=0.75; OBL= 1.5(Other=Q.
"perennial streams may also be identified using other methods.See p.35 of manual.
Notes: (�
Sketch:
1 1''�t� Aa+ fS� Lio --)1, _ ;N:l d rC i Cie\D rI S �ln r'- . C01 $ fT. -c6 r.,
`6 P,�u vrd-er k . Up e r 13fl s f 5 t� 13e+ c\�‘
•p,. _ lit-Um 1 SO 4 S i 1a�C\9 )o f Cd. Sei,,,J 50
6 r-i.,f r-�5 S. .
q

S102
NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11 ,
Date: , 11 1( 1
Project/Site: ' l-tr Latitude: ';e ,-7 2 6 gpo
Evaluator: lit" County: .(-+di n Longitude: -2) 1 f 1'$Z( Z_
Total Points: Stream Dete tion-( ircle one) Other
Stream is at least intermittent "2I,5 Ephemeral ntermitten Perennial e.g. Quad Name:
if?19 or perennial if>_30"
ly
_A. Geomorphology (Subtotal = � t ) Absent Weak Moderate Strong
la.Continuity of channel bed and bank 0 1 2 (3)
2. Sinuosity of channel along thalweg 0 1 3
3. In-channel structure: ex. riffle-pool, step-pool, 0 1 2 3
ripple-pool sequence _
_4. Particle size of stream substrate 0 1_ - 3
5.Active/relict floodplain 0 1 2 3
6. Depositional bars or benches 0 1 2 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits 0 ,„p 2 3
8. Headcuts 0 2 3
9. Grade control 0 1 1.5
10. Natural valley 0 '.5 1 1.5
11. Second or greater order channel i No=0 Yes=3
a artificial ditches are not rated;see discussions in manual --''"
B. Hydrology (Subtotal = l ._-. )
12_ Presence of Baseflow 0 1 .g: 3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria 0,, (1) 2 3 T
14. Leaf litter 1 0.5 0
15. Sediment on plants or debris 0 (I3,6 1 1.5
16. Organic debris lines or piles (6.) 0.5 1 ___ 1.5
17.Soil-based evidence of high water table? No=0 ('e
C. Biology (Subtotal= 2'.
_18. Fibrous roots in streambed 3 2 1 0
19. Rooted upland plants in streambed 3 1 0
20. Macrobenthos(note diversity and abundance) 2 3
21.Aquatic Mollusks 1 2 3
f
22. Fish 0.5 1 1.5
23. Crayfish 0 0.5 1.5
24.Amphibians 0 0,5. 1 1.5
25.Algae 0 (0 ' 1.5
26.Wetland plants in streambed FACW=0.75; OBL=1.(0; i .
*perennial streams may also be identified using other methods.See p.35 of manual.
Notes:
Sketch: 5/..L,0t 5p -T`-0( 4W-"I"} Co tit r PO . A C go' ...
cer 41, coAc(,,,e c, , (' tk ' exceol r how Om pc _ 'till i,,}a4ccli`2r
t ( { ( 'C"C �git $(ow S to 0 son rill�J� ����. cam'`-s .l

NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11
Date: ir I [�2D Project/Site: yte,•(S/0 3 Latitude: 3S, .42 i+-
[ County: Longitude: _ 2 I3 (61
Evaluator: �, T7jm� t� ��LCo��}-�1�J,��
L
Total Points: Stream Determine ' ircle one) Other
Stream is at least intermittent 2_Z Ephemera' Intermittent erennial e.g. Quad Name: /.)f!tek.)11
it z 19 or perennial if>30* -
A. Geomorphology (Subtotal = (2.5 ) Absent Weak Moderate Strong
1'Continuity of channel bed and bank 0 1 2 73
2. Sinuosity of channel along thalweg 0 1 2 I3
3. In-channel structure:ex. riffle-pool, step-pool, 0 0 2 3
ripple-pool sequence
4. Particle size of stream substrate 0 1 0 3
5.Active/relict floodplain 1 2 3
6. Depositional bars or benches 0` 1 2 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits 0. 1 2 3
8. Headcuts 0 1 2 '3)
9.Grade control '0`` 0.5 1 1.5
10.Natural valley 0 - ,0 1 1.5
11.Second or greater order channel No=0.*" Yes=3
a artificial ditches are not rated;see discussions in manual
B. Hydrology (Subtotal = 2. )
12.Presence of Baseflow 0 1 (2 3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria r"" 1 2 3
14. Leaf litter :1.5' 1 0.5 0
15.Sediment on plants or debris 9, 0.5 1 1.5
16. Organic debris lines or piles 0 _ 0.5 1 1.5
17. Soil-based evidence of high water table? 'No=1 Yes= 3
C. Biology (Subtotal = t 7 )
18. Fibrous roots in streambed !3) 2 1 0
19. Rooted upland plants in streambed 3; 2 1 0
20.Macrobenthos(note diversity and abundance) 0 1 2 3
21.Aquatic Mollusks (0 1 2 3
22. Fish 0.5 1 1.5
23. Crayfish 0.5 1 1.5
T
24.Amphibians 0 0.5 1 1.5
25.Algae ,'0 0.5 1 1.5
26.Wetland plants in streambed FACW=0.75; OBL= 1.5 !Other0
*perennial streams may also be identified using other methods.See p.35 of manual.
r
Notes: f_l.r.,e_i1 r oe-P(jr-a 2- t i7ff Jf 1(Ci -.60,40; Ji e_.,,A 101,A)03 C.ns-4..ir�7)Y NV-0/1
1 s.r
Sketch:

NC DWQ Stream Identification Form Version 4.11
Date: 71/41,0 zo Project/Site:Si-2y (SZ(-r) Latitude: j, 3-22431
Evaluator: A- TPDez��fPg County: cf.,4.7?AJby Longitude: - (- ,`3257_
Total Points: JJ Stream Determination(cir Other !`}}
Stream is at least intermittent e-
if>_19 or perennial if?30* ��� Ephemeral Intermittent Perennial e.g. Quad Name: it)tivof or)
A. Geomorphology (Subtotal = I;. ` ) Absent Weak Moderate Strong
la Continuity of channel bed and bank 0 1 269
2. Sinuosity of channel along thalweg 0 2 3
3. In-channel structure: ex. riffle-pool, step-pool, 0 1 1 J 3
ripple-pool sequence ` s
4. Particle size of stream substrate 0 1 2
5.Active/relict floodplain 0 0 2
6. Depositional bars or benches 0 0 2 3
7. Recent alluvial deposits 0 1 2 3
8. Headcuts 0 1 3
9. Grade control 0 0.5 (1. 1.5
10. Natural valley 0 0.5 1 1.5
11. Second or greater order channel T:3Yes= 3
a artificial ditches are not rated:see discussions in manual
B. Hydrology (Subtotal = cl. 5 )
12. Presence of Baseflow 0 1 2 V
3
13. Iron oxidizing bacteria 0 1 0 3
14. Leaf litter f 1.5) 1 0.5 0
15. Sediment on plants or debris _ 0.5 1 1.5
16. Organic debris lines or piles 0 .5 _ 1 1.5
17. Soil-based evidence of high water table? No=0 (Yes=3)
C. Biology (Subtotal = -4- )
18. Fibrous roots in streambed 3 2 1 0
19. Rooted upland plants in streambed 3 1 0
20. Macrobenthos(note diversity and abundance) 0 1 2 3
21.Aquatic Mollusks (6 }
0 1 2 3
22. Fish 0.5 1 1.5
23. Crayfish 0 00. 1 1.5
24.Amphibians 0, 1 1.5
25.Algae C) 1_._,-_, 1.5
26.Wetland plants in streambed FACW=0.75; OBL= 1.5 Other=
*perennial streams may also be identified using other methods.See p.35 of manual.
Notes: 34,le 4- - r r9vnV,Qw,:-fc.K. VI,ihf airlk-+ lo,r n rr A/c�,, Jrnelvfiv i C tit vc..e-fr- /
vu- heoirrt ' 54-r,e . 33 2t ti �
-4 _c-, rofL. ki 1-r .
Sketch:

Appendix C- Site Analysis Data
WLS Catawba 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank
Starker Mitigation Site
Bankfull Area Regional Curve Data
Sediment Transport Calculations
Sediment Analysis

BANKFULL AREA REGIONAL CURVE DATA
STARKER MITIGATION PROJECT
Drainage Area X-Sectional Area Reference
(Sq.Mi.) (SF)
0.2 10.4
1.05 15.8
3.44 45.6
4.7 46.7
6.5 62.5
Harman, W.H. et al. 1999. Bankfull Hydraulic Geometry
7.18 98.8 Relationships for North Carolina Streams. AWRA
9.6 89.6 Wildland Hydrology Symposium Proceedings. Edited by:
15.5 194 D.S. Olsen and J.P. Potyondy . AWRA Summer
Symposium. Bozeman, MT.
29.9 162
31.8 195
42.8 469
78.8 377
128 578
4 37.7
5 47.3 Harman, W.H. 2012. Revised Curve for Piedmont Rural
17 127.2 Streams using Surry County Projects.
17.5 117.4
0.02 2.9 Reference Reach - UT to Little Fisher River- Riffle 1
0.02 1.7 Reference Reach - UT to Little Fisher River- Riffle 2
0.14 5.8 Reference Reach - UT to Pauls Creek - Riffle 1
0.09 2.6
0.30 6.7
0.39 7
0.01 0.4
Starker Mitigation Project Existing Conditions
0.02 0.8
0.13 4.7
0.18 3.6
0.26 5.9
0.09 3.0
0.30 7.0
0.39 8.0
0.01 0.4
Starker Mitigation Project Proposed Conditions
0.02 0.8
0.13 4.0
0.18 4.0
0.26 6.0

BAN KFU LL AREA
Regional Curve for Bankfull Characteristics in Rural Piedmont, NC
1000
y = 21.43x0.68
III
+ y = 15.886xo.7432
161
100 +
Cl)
c
a)
L
10 + • S100-Existing Conditions
m • S200-Existing Conditions
♦ Proposed Conditions
•
+ Revised Regional Curve Data
• • Reference-UT to Little Fisher River
Reference-UT to Pauls Creek
-Power(Rural Piedmont NC(Harman et al., 1999))
-Power(Revised Curve-2012)
1 I 1 1 1 11 I 1 1 , 1
0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000
Watershed Area (Sq. Mi.)

Worksheet 3-14. Sediment competence calculation form to assess bed stability.
Stream: SMS -S100 N OF 1-40,ABOVE CROSSING Stream Type:
Location: Valley Type:
Observers: RM and AD Date: 7/14/2020
Enter Required Information for Existing Condition
30.0 D 50 Median particle size of riffle bed material (mm)
17.5 "50 Median particle size of bar or sub-pavement sample(mm)
304.8
0.115 D max Largest particle from bar sample (ft) 35 (mm) mm/ft
mm/ft
0.01200 S Existing bankfull water surface slope(ft/ft)
0.43 d Existing bankfull mean depth (ft)
1.65 y5-7/7 Immersed specific gravity of sediment
Select the Appropriate Equation and Calculate Critical Dimensionless Shear Stress
1.71 D50/D50 Range: 3-7 Use EQUATION 1: 't = 0.0834 ( D50/D50) -0.872
1.17 D max/D 50 Range: 1.3-4.0 Use EQUATION 2: T* = 0.0384 (D max/D 50)—o 887
0.033 1r* Bankfull Dimensionless Shear Stress EQUATION USED:
Calculate Bankfull Mean Depth Required for Entrainment of Largest Particle in Bar Sample
p *(Y -1)Dmax
0.53 d Required bankfull mean depth(ft) d= �T S (use D max in ft)
Calculate Bankfull Water Surface Slope Required for Entrainment of Largest Particle in Bar Sample
2 (YS-1)Dmax
0.01474 S Required bankfull water surface slope(ft/ft) S= (use D max in ft)
d
Check: f- Stable . Aggrading r- Degrading
Sediment Competence Using Dimensional Shear Stress
0.322 Bankfull shear stress 'G =ydS(lbs/ft2)(substitute hydraulic radius, R,with mean depth, d) Y=
62.4, d=existing depth, S=existing slope
Shields CO
23.94 66.06 Predicted largest moveable particle size(mm)at bankfull shear stress t (Figure 3-11)
Shields CO
0.464 0.136 Predicted shear stress required to initiate movement of measured Dmax(mm)(Figure 3-11)
Shields co Predicted mean depth required to initiate movement of measured Dmax(mm) d= Z T=
0.62 0.18 predicted shear stress,y=62.4, S=existing slope yS
Shields co Predicted slope required to initiate movement of measured D max(mm) _ r t=predicted
0.0173 0.0051 S
shear stress,y=62.4, d=existing depth Yd
Check: P Stable I— Aggrading r- Degrading
Copyright©2008 Wildland Hydrology River Stability Field Guide page 3-101

Worksheet 3-14. Sediment competence calculation form to assess bed stability.
Stream: SMS - S100 S OF 1-40 Stream Type:
Location: Valley Type:
Observers: RM and AD Date: 7/14/2020
Enter Required Information for Existing Condition
21.9 D 50 Median particle size of riffle bed material (mm)
3.0 '•'50 Median particle size of bar or sub-pavement sample (mm)
304.8
0.102 D max Largest particle from bar sample (ft) 31 (mm) mm/ft
m m/ft
0.00600 S Existing bankfull water surface slope (ft/ft)
1.17 d Existing bankfull mean depth (ft)
1.65 ys-y!y Immersed specific gravity of sediment
Select the Appropriate Equation and Calculate Critical Dimensionless Shear Stress
7.22 Dso/Dso Range: 3—7 Use EQUATION 1: i* = 0.0834 ( D50ID50) -0.872
1.42 D max/D 50 Range: 1.3—4.0 Use EQUATION 2: t* = 0.0384 (D max/D 50) _0 887
0.028 T* Bankfull Dimensionless Shear Stress EQUATION USED: 2
Calculate Bankfull Mean Depth Required for Entrainment of Largest Particle in Bar Sample
*(y -1)Dmax
S 0.79 d Required bankfull mean depth (ft) d= (use Dmax in ft)
Calculate Bankfull Water Surface Slope Required for Entrainment of Largest Particle in Bar Sample
0.00404 S Required bankfull water surface slope (ft/ft) S= (YS -1)Dmax (use D max in ft)
d
Check: I— Stable I— Aggrading I— Degrading
Sediment Competence Using Dimensional Shear Stress
0.438 Bankfull shear stress 'r =ydS (lbs/ft2) (substitute hydraulic radius, R, with mean depth, d )
Y= 62.4, d = existing depth, S = existing slope
Shields CO
32.99 82.84 Predicted largest moveable particle size (mm)at bankfull shear stress i (Figure 3-11)
Shields CO
0.413 0.115 Predicted shear stress required to initiate movement of measured D max (mm) (Figure 3-11)
Shields CO Predicted mean depth required to initiate movement of measured D max (mm) 1-
1.10 0.31 'r = predicted shear stress, 7= 62.4, S = existing slope d YS
Shields CO Predicted slope required to initiate movement of measured Dmax (mm) Z
0.0057 0.0016 'r = predicted shear stress, 7= 62.4, d = existing depth S yd
Check: r Stable I— Aggrading I— Degrading
Copyright©2008 Wildland Hydrology River Stability Field Guide page 3-101

Worksheet 3-14. Sediment competence calculation form to assess bed stability.
Stream: SMS -S200 S OF 1-40, BELOW CROSSING Stream Type:
Location: Valley Type:
Observers: RM and AD Date: 7/14/2020
Enter Required Information for Existing Condition
15.9 D 50 Median particle size of riffle bed material (mm)
3.8 D 50 Median particle size of bar or sub-pavement sample (mm)
304.8
0.171 D max Largest particle from bar sample (ft) 52 (mm) mm/ft
mm/ft
0.00400 S Existing bankfull water surface slope (ft/ft)
0.83 d Existing bankfull mean depth (ft)
1.65 ys-y/y Immersed specific gravity of sediment
Select the Appropriate Equation and Calculate Critical Dimensionless Shear Stress
4.23 D50/D50 Range: 3-7 Use EQUATION 1: ti* = 0.0834 ( D50/D50) -0.872
3.28 D maxi 50 Range: 1.3-4.0 Use EQUATION 2: i = 0.0384 (D max/D 50) -0.887
0.024 T* Bankfull Dimensionless Shear Stress EQUATION USED: 1
Calculate Bankfull Mean Depth Required for Entrainment of Largest Particle in Bar Sample
{. *(yS—1)Dmax
1.67 d Required bankfull mean depth (ft) d= (use D max in ft)
Calculate Bankfull Water Surface Slope Required for Entrainment of Largest Particle in Bar Sample
2 1) -1 Dmax
0.00805 S Required bankfull water surface slope (ft/ft) $= (`S ) (use D max in ft)
d
Check: r Stable I— Aggrading r Degrading
Sediment Competence Using Dimensional Shear Stress
0.207 Bankfull shear stress 'C =ydS(lbs/ft2)(substitute hydraulic radius, R,with mean depth, d )
Y=62.4, d =existing depth, S=existing slope
Shields CO
15.12 47.76 Predicted largest moveable particle size (mm)at bankfull shear stress i (Figure 3-11)
Shields CO
0.678 0.233 Predicted shear stress required to initiate movement of measured Dmax(mm) (Figure 3-11)
Shields CO Predicted mean depth required to initiate movement of measured D max(mm) _
2.72 0.93 = predicted shear stress,y=62.4, S =existing slope d yS
Shields co Predicted slope required to initiate movement of measured D max(mm) 2 T =
0.0131 0.0045 S_
predicted shear stress,y=62.4, d =existing depth yd
Check: IT Stable r Aggrading r Degrading
Copyright©2008 Wildland Hydrology River Stability Field Guide page 3-101

Worksheet 3-14. Sediment competence calculation form to assess bed stability.
Stream: SMS -S100 N OF 1-40,ABOVE CROSSING Stream Type:
Location: Valley Type:
Observers: RM and AD Date: 7/14/2020
Enter Required Information for Existing Condition
30.0 D 50 Median particle size of riffle bed material (mm)
17.5 "50 Median particle size of bar or sub-pavement sample(mm)
304.8
0.115 D max Largest particle from bar sample (ft) 35 (mm) mm/ft
mm/ft
0.01500 S Proposed bankfull water surface slope(ft/ft)
0.46 d Proposed bankfull mean depth (ft)
1.65 y5-7/7 Immersed specific gravity of sediment
Select the Appropriate Equation and Calculate Critical Dimensionless Shear Stress
1.71 D50/D50 Range: 3-7 Use EQUATION 1: 't = 0.0834 ( D50/D50) -0.872
1.17 D max/D 50 Range: 1.3-4.0 Use EQUATION 2: T* = 0.0384 (D max/D 50)—o 887
0.033 1r* Bankfull Dimensionless Shear Stress EQUATION USED:
Calculate Bankfull Mean Depth Required for Entrainment of Largest Particle in Bar Sample
p *(Y -1)Dmax
0.42 d Required bankfull mean depth(ft) d= �T S (use D max in ft)
Calculate Bankfull Water Surface Slope Required for Entrainment of Largest Particle in Bar Sample
2 (YS-1)Dmax
0.01378 S Required bankfull water surface slope(ft/ft) S= (use Dmax in ft)
d
Check: f- Stable . Aggrading r- Degrading
Sediment Competence Using Dimensional Shear Stress
0.431 Bankfull shear stress 'G =ydS(lbs/ft2)(substitute hydraulic radius, R,with mean depth, d) Y=
62.4, d=existing depth, S=existing slope
Shields CO
32.4 81.8 Predicted largest moveable particle size(mm)at bankfull shear stress ti (Figure 3-11)
Shields CO
0.464 0.136 Predicted shear stress required to initiate movement of measured Dmax(mm)(Figure 3-11)
Shields co Predicted mean depth required to initiate movement of measured Dmax(mm) d= Z T=
0.50 0.15 predicted shear stress,y=62.4, S=existing slope yS
Shields co Predicted slope required to initiate movement of measured D max(mm) = r t=predicted
0.0162 0.0047 S
shear stress,y=62.4, d=existing depth Yd
Check: I— Stable I— Aggrading r- Degrading
Copyright©2008 Wildland Hydrology River Stability Field Guide page 3-101

Worksheet 3-14. Sediment competence calculation form to assess bed stability.
Stream: SMS - S100 S OF 1-40 Stream Type:
Location: Valley Type:
Observers: RM and AD Date: 7/14/2020
Enter Required Information for Existing Condition
21.9 D 50 Median particle size of riffle bed material (mm)
3.0 '•'50 Median particle size of bar or sub-pavement sample (mm)
0.102 D max Largest particle from bar sample (ft) 31 (mm) 304.8
mm/ft
0.00900 S Proposed bankfull water surface slope (ft/ft)
0.76 d Proposed bankfull mean depth (ft)
1.65 ys-y!y Immersed specific gravity of sediment
Select the Appropriate Equation and Calculate Critical Dimensionless Shear Stress
7.22 Dso/Dso Range: 3—7 Use EQUATION 1: i* = 0.0834 ( D50/D50) -0.872
1.42 D max/D 50 Range: 1.3—4.0 Use EQUATION 2: t* = 0.0384 (D max/D 50) _0 887
0.028 T* Bankfull Dimensionless Shear Stress EQUATION USED: 2
Calculate Bankfull Mean Depth Required for Entrainment of Largest Particle in Bar Sample
*(y -1)Dmax
S 0.53 d Required bankfull mean depth (ft) d= (use Dmax in ft)
Calculate Bankfull Water Surface Slope Required for Entrainment of Largest Particle in Bar Sample
0.00622 S Required bankfull water surface slope (ft/ft) S= (YS -1)Dmax (use D max in ft)
d
Check: I— Stable I— Aggrading I— Degrading
Sediment Competence Using Dimensional Shear Stress
Bankfull shear stress 'r =ydS (lbs/ft2) (substitute hydraulic radius, R, with mean depth, d )
0.427
Y= 62.4, d = existing depth, S = existing slope
Shields CO
32.11 81.27 Predicted largest moveable particle size (mm)at bankfull shear stress i (Figure 3-11)
Shields CO
0.413 0.115 Predicted shear stress required to initiate movement of measured D max (mm) (Figure 3-11)
Shields CO Predicted mean depth required to initiate movement of measured D max (mm) 1-
0.73 0.20 'r = predicted shear stress, 7= 62.4, S = existing slope d YS
Shields CO Predicted slope required to initiate movement of measured Dmax (mm) Z
0.0087 0.0024 'r = predicted shear stress, 7= 62.4, d = existing depth S yd
Check: E Stable I— Aggrading I— Degrading
Copyright©2008 Wildland Hydrology River Stability Field Guide page 3-101

Worksheet 3-14. Sediment competence calculation form to assess bed stability.
Stream: SMS -S200 S OF 1-40, BELOW CROSSING Stream Type:
Location: Valley Type:
Observers: RM and AD Date: 7/14/2020
Enter Required Information for Existing Condition
15.9 D 50 Median particle size of riffle bed material (mm)
3.8 D 50 Median particle size of bar or sub-pavement sample (mm)
304.8
0.171 D max Largest particle from bar sample (ft) 52 (mm) mm/ft
mm/ft
0.00800 S Proposed bankfull water surface slope (ft/ft)
0.65 d Proposed bankfull mean depth (ft)
1.65 ys-pry Immersed specific gravity of sediment
Select the Appropriate Equation and Calculate Critical Dimensionless Shear Stress
4.23 D50/D50 Range: 3-7 Use EQUATION 1: ti* = 0.0834 ( D50/D50) -0.872
3.28 D maxi 50 Range: 1.3-4.0 Use EQUATION 2: i = 0.0384 (D maxi 50) —0.887
0.024 T* Bankfull Dimensionless Shear Stress EQUATION USED: 1
Calculate Bankfull Mean Depth Required for Entrainment of Largest Particle in Bar Sample
{ (y S—1)Dmax
0.83 d Required bankfull mean depth (ft) d= (use D max in ft)
Calculate Bankfull Water Surface Slope Required for Entrainment of Largest Particle in Bar Sample
2
*(`1) -1)Dmax
0.01028 S Required bankfull water surface slope (ft/ft) $- S (use D max in ft)
d
Check: r Stable I- Aggrading r Degrading
Sediment Competence Using Dimensional Shear Stress
0.324 Bankfull shear stress 'C =ydS(lbs/ft2)(substitute hydraulic radius, R,with mean depth, d )
Y=62.4, d =existing depth, S=existing slope
Shields CO
24.13 66.43 Predicted largest moveable particle size (mm)at bankfull shear stress ti (Figure 3-11)
Shields CO
0.678 0.233 Predicted shear stress required to initiate movement of measured Dmax(mm)(Figure 3-11)
Shields CO Predicted mean depth required to initiate movement of measured D max(mm) _
1.36 0.47 = predicted shear stress,y=62.4, S =existing slope d yS
Shields co Predicted slope required to initiate movement of measured D max(mm) 2 T =
0.0167 0.0057 S_
predicted shear stress,y=62.4, d =existing depth yd
Check: IT Stable r Aggrading r Degrading
Copyright©2008 Wildland Hydrology River Stability Field Guide page 3-101

RIVERMORPH PARTICLE SUMMARY
River Name : Starker
Reach Name : S100
Sample Name : S100 N OF I-40 , ABOVE CROSSING ACTIVE RIFFLE
Survey Date : 07/14/2020
Size (mm) TOT # ITEM % CUM
0 - 0.062 0 0.00 0 .00
0.062 - 0 . 125 0 0.00 0 .00
0. 125 - 0 . 25 3 2 . 94 2 . 94
0. 25 - 0. 50 1 0. 98 3 . 92
0. 50 - 1.0 2 1. 96 5 . 88
1.0 - 2 .0 1 0. 98 6 . 86
2 .0 - 4.0 0 0.00 6 . 86
4 .0 - 5 . 7 0 0.00 6 . 86
5 . 7 - 8 .0 0 0.00 6 . 86
8 .0 - 11. 3 0 0.00 6 . 86
11. 3 - 16 . 0 10 9. 80 16. 67
16.0 - 22 . 6 16 15 . 69 32 . 35
22 . 6 - 32 . 0 23 22 . 55 54 . 90
32 - 45 28 27 .45 82 . 35
45 - 64 14 13 . 73 96.08
64 - 90 3 2 . 94 99 .02
90 - 128 1 0. 98 100.00
128 - 180 0 0.00 100.00
180 - 256 0 0.00 100.00
256 - 362 0 0.00 100.00
362 - 512 0 0.00 100.00
512 - 1024 0 0.00 100.00
1024 - 2048 0 0.00 100.00
Bedrock 0 0.00 100.00
D16 (mm) 15 . 68
D35 (mm) 23 . 7
D50 (mm) 29. 96
D84 (mm) 47 . 28
D95 (mm) 62 . 51
D100 (mm) 128
Silt/Clay (%) 0
Sand (%) 6 . 86
Gravel (%) 89. 22
Cobble (%) 3 . 92
Boulder (%) 0
Bedrock (%) 0
Total Particles = 102 .

S100 N OF 1-40, ABOVE CROSSING ACTIVE RIFFLE
loo
80
d
L
C)
U
U)
a
40 - - -
20 - .
0
0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
Particle Size(mm)

S100 N OF 1-40,ABOVE CROSSING SIEVE ANALYSIS
100-
s0
c so
U
N
a
40 - -
20
0
10 100
Particle Size(mm)

RIVERMORPH PARTICLE SUMMARY
River Name : Starker
Reach Name : S100
Sample Name : S100 S OF I-40-XS1 US ACTIVE RIFFLE
Survey Date : 07/14/2020
Size (mm) TOT # ITEM % CUM
0 - 0.062 0 0.00 0 .00
0.062 - 0 . 125 0 0.00 0 .00
0. 125 - 0 . 25 1 0. 88 0 . 88
0. 25 - 0. 50 4 3 . 54 4 .42
0. 50 - 1.0 4 3 . 54 7 . 96
1.0 - 2 .0 0 0.00 7 . 96
2 .0 - 4.0 0 0.00 7 . 96
4 .0 - 5 . 7 0 0.00 7 . 96
5 . 7 - 8 .0 1 0. 88 8 . 85
8 .0 - 11. 3 8 7.08 15 . 93
11. 3 - 16 . 0 18 15 . 93 31. 86
16.0 - 22 . 6 23 20 . 35 52 . 21
22 . 6 - 32 . 0 26 23 .01 75 . 22
32 - 45 11 9. 73 84 . 96
45 - 64 5 4.42 89 . 38
64 - 90 6 5 . 31 94 . 69
90 - 128 6 5 . 31 100.00
128 - 180 0 0.00 100.00
180 - 256 0 0.00 100.00
256 - 362 0 0.00 100.00
362 - 512 0 0.00 100.00
512 - 1024 0 0.00 100.00
1024 - 2048 0 0.00 100.00
Bedrock 0 0.00 100.00
D16 (mm) 11. 32
D35 (mm) 17 .02
D50 (mm) 21. 88
D84 (mm) 43 . 72
D95 (mm) 92 . 22
D100 (mm) 128
Silt/Clay (%) 0
Sand (%) 7 . 96
Gravel (%) 81.42
Cobble (%) 10. 62
Boulder (%) 0
Bedrock (%) 0
Total Particles = 113 .

S100 S OF I-40-XS1 US ACTIVE RIFFLE
100 - - - - - -
80
d
It
c
a)
•
U
U)
a
40 - - -
20 - •
0
0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
Particle Size(mm)

S100 S OF 1-40 SIEVE ANALYSIS
100
80
c so
L
C
U
0)
a
40 -
20
0
10 100
Particle Size(mm)

RIVERMORPH PARTICLE SUMMARY
River Name : Starker
Reach Name : S200
Sample Name : S200 S OF I-40 , ABOVE CROSSING XS5 ACTIVE RIFFLE
Survey Date : 07/14/2020
Size (mm) TOT # ITEM % CUM
0 - 0. 062 0 0.00 0 .00
0 .062 - 0 . 125 0 0.00 0 .00
0 . 125 - 0 . 25 0 0.00 0 .00
0 . 25 - 0. 50 12 12 . 00 12 .00
0 . 50 - 1. 0 7 7 .00 19 .00
1.0 - 2 .0 0 0.00 19 .00
2 .0 - 4 .0 1 1.00 20 .00
4 .0 - 5 . 7 4 4 .00 24 .00
5 . 7 - 8 .0 14 14 . 00 38 .00
8 .0 - 11. 3 10 10 . 00 48 .00
11. 3 - 16 . 0 18 18 . 00 66 .00
16. 0 - 22 . 6 14 14 . 00 80 .00
22 . 6 - 32 . 0 12 12 . 00 92 .00
32 - 45 7 7 .00 99 .00
45 - 64 0 0.00 99 .00
64 - 90 1 1.00 100.00
90 - 128 0 0.00 100.00
128 - 180 0 0.00 100.00
180 - 256 0 0.00 100.00
256 - 362 0 0.00 100.00
362 - 512 0 0.00 100.00
512 - 1024 0 0.00 100.00
1024 - 2048 0 0.00 100.00
Bedrock 0 0.00 100.00
D16 (mm) 0 . 79
D35 (mm) 7 . 51
D50 (mm) 11. 82
D84 (mm) 25 . 73
D95 (mm) 37 . 57
D100 (mm) 90
Silt/Clay (%) 0
Sand (%) 19
Gravel (%) 80
Cobble (%) 1
Boulder (%) 0
Bedrock (%) 0
Total Particles = 100.

S200 S OF 1-40, ABOVE CROSSING XS5 ACTIVE RIFFLE
mo - - - - - — —
s0
L
C)
U
0)
a
40
•
0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
Particle Size(mm)

RIVERMORPH PARTICLE SUMMARY
River Name : Starker
Reach Name : S200
Sample Name : S200 S OF I-40 , BELOW CROSSING-XS3 ACTIVE RIFFLE
Survey Date : 07/14/2020
Size (mm) TOT # ITEM % CUM
0 - 0. 062 0 0.00 0 .00
0 .062 - 0 . 125 0 0.00 0 .00
0 . 125 - 0 . 25 8 7 . 92 7 . 92
0 . 25 - 0. 50 4 3 . 96 11. 88
0 . 50 - 1. 0 10 9 . 90 21. 78
1.0 - 2 .0 0 0.00 21. 78
2 .0 - 4 .0 0 0.00 21. 78
4 .0 - 5 . 7 2 1. 98 23 . 76
5 . 7 - 8 .0 4 3 . 96 27 . 72
8 .0 - 11. 3 7 6. 93 34 . 65
11. 3 - 16 . 0 16 15 . 84 50 . 50
16. 0 - 22 . 6 13 12 . 87 63 . 37
22 . 6 - 32 . 0 13 12 . 87 76 . 24
32 - 45 11 10 . 89 87 . 13
45 - 64 7 6. 93 94 .06
64 - 90 4 3 . 96 98 .02
90 - 128 1 0. 99 99 .01
128 - 180 1 0. 99 100.00
180 - 256 0 0.00 100.00
256 - 362 0 0.00 100.00
362 - 512 0 0.00 100.00
512 - 1024 0 0.00 100.00
1024 - 2048 0 0.00 100.00
Bedrock 0 0.00 100.00
D16 (mm) 0 . 71
D35 (mm) 11.4
D50 (mm) 15 . 85
D84 (mm) 41. 26
D95 (mm) 70. 17
D100 (mm) 179. 99
Silt/Clay (%) 0
Sand (%) 21. 78
Gravel (%) 72 . 28
Cobble (%) 5 . 94
Boulder (%) 0
Bedrock (%) 0
Total Particles = 101.

S200 S OF 1-40, BELOW CROSSING-XS3 ACTIVE RIFFLE
mo — — — — —
80
L
C)
U
0)
a
40 -
•
0
0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
Particle Size(mm)

S200 S OF 1-40, BELOW CROSSING SIEVE ANALYSIS
100—
80
c so
L
C)
U
40 - -
20
0
10 100
Particle Size(mm)

Appendix D- Site Protection Instrument
WLS Catawba 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank
Starker Mitigation Site
Agent Authorization Forms
Long-term Steward Engagement Letter
Conservation Easement Template

WATER & LAND SOLUTION
7721 SIX FORKS ROAD, SUITE 130, RALEIGH, NC 2761;
[phone] I waterlondsolutions.com
AGENT AUTHORIZATION FORM
PROPERTY LEGAL DESCRIPTION:
DEED BOOK 2785 PAGE NO. 1153 PARCEL ID: 375210364087
STREET ADDRESS: 3223 John Daniel Road, Conover NC
DEED BOOK 2785 PAGE NO. 1148 PARCEL ID: 375219523168
STREET ADDRESS: 3 tracts off E 140, Conover NC
DEED BOOK 3269 PAGE NO. 1875 PARCEL ID: 375215732614
STREET ADDRESS: 31.70 acres off E 140, Claremount NC
DEED BOOK 3269 PAGE NO. 1875 PARCEL ID: 375216831456
STREET ADDRESS: 3069 Peach Tree Street Ext, Claremount NC
DEED BOOK 3068 PAGE NO. 571 PARCEL ID: 375215534132
STREET ADDRESS: 3 tracts off E 140, Conover NC
DEED BOOK 2785 PAGE NO. 1163 PARCEL ID: 375211558910
STREET ADDRESS: 3728 Rock Barn Road NE, Conover NC

4 WATER & LAND SOLUTION:
7721 SIX FORKS ROAD, SUITE 130, RALEIGH, NC 27615
[phone] I waterlandsolutions.com
Please Print:
Property Owner: Hunsucker Legacy Farms, LLC/dba Hunsucker Farms, LLC
Manager: Dan A. Hunsucker
The undersigned,registered property owners of the above noted property, do hereby
authorize C
V *f -._' , of �a4 GiicA L0rv) _Sou-Lv4 S
(Contractor/Agent) (Name of consulting firm)
to review my property and to act on my behalf to take all actions necessary for the
processing,issuance and acceptance of necessary permits and/or certifications and any and
all standard and special conditions attached. This authorization allows the individual to
represent on my behalf to the necessary Government agency personnel for the proposed
property.
Property Owner's Address (if different than property above):
3223 John Daniel Drive NE, Conover, NC 28613
Telephone: [phone]
We hereby certify the above information submitted in this application is true and accurate
to the best of our knowledge.
Dan nsu':r(Aug 21,2020 16'18 EDT)
Authorized Signature Authorized Signature
Date: Aug 21, 2020 Date:
Page 2

Starker-Landowner Authorization
Final Audit Report 2020-08-21
Created: 2020-08-21
By: Catherine Manner([e-mail])
Status: Signed
Transaction ID: CBJCHBCAABAAsOgjxhvb8Rf2ebn6QfOX. 7uOiUFQdZzm
"Starker-Landowner Authorization" History
Document created by Catherine Manner([e-mail])
2020-08-21 -8:12:33 PM GMT-IP address: 174.108.239.26
Document emailed to Dan hunsucker ([e-mail]) for signature
2020-08-21 -8:13:24 PM GMT
Email viewed by Dan hunsucker ([e-mail])
2020-08-21 -8:15:33 PM GMT-IP address:71.81.244.211
Document e-signed by Dan hunsucker([e-mail])
Signature Date:2020-08-21 -8:18:14 PM GMT-Time Source:server- IP address:71.81.244.211
Signed document emailed to Dan hunsucker([e-mail]) and Catherine Manner
([e-mail])
2020-08-21 -8:18:14 PM GMT
Adobe Sign

RECORDING REQUESTED BY
AND WHEN RECORDED MAIL TO:
SPACE ABOVE THIS LINE FOR RECORDER'S
USE
PERMANENT CONSERVATION
EASEMENT
THIS CONSERVATION EASEMENT ("Conservation Easement") made
this day of , 202 by and between
("Grantor") and _ ("Grantee").
The designation Grantor and Grantee as used herein shall include said
parties, their heirs, successors and assigns, and shall include singular, plural,
masculine, feminine or neuter as required by context.
RECITALS
WHEREAS, Grantor owns in fee simple certain real property situated,
lying and being in County, North Carolina, more particularly
described in Exhibit A attached hereto and incorporated herein (the "Property");
WHEREAS, Grantee is a charitable, not-for-profit or educational
corporation, association, or trust qualified under § 501 (c)(3) and § 170 (h) of
the Internal Revenue Code, and N.C. Gen. Stat. § 121-34 et seq., the purposes
or powers of which include one or more of the purposes (a) — (d) listed below;
(a) retaining or protecting natural, scenic, or open-space aspects of

real property;
(b) ensuring the availability of real property for recreational,
educational, or open-space use;
(c) protecting natural resources;
(d) maintaining or enhancing air or water quality.
WHEREAS, Grantor and Grantee recognize the conservation, scenic,
natural, or aesthetic value of the property in its natural state, which includes the
following natural communities: [add or delete as appropriate: coastal wetlands,
non-riparian wetlands, riparian wetlands, perennial and intermittent streams
and riparian buffers]. The purpose of this Conservation Easement is to maintain
streams, wetlands and riparian resources and other natural values of
approximately acres, more or less, and being more
particularly described in Exhibit B attached hereto and incorporated fully herein
by reference (the "Conservation Easement Area"), and prevent the use or
development of the Conservation Easement Area for any purpose or in any
manner that would conflict with the maintenance of its natural condition.
WHEREAS, the restoration, enhancement and preservation of the
Conservation Easement Area is a condition of the approval of the Mitigation
Banking Instrument (MBI) and Mitigation Plan for the
Mitigation Bank, Department of the Army (DA)Action ID Number SAW-
, entitled "Agreement to Establish the
Mitigation Bank in the River Basin within the State of North
Carolina", entered into by and between [enter Sponsor name], acting as the
Bank Sponsor, and the Wilmington District Corps of Engineers (Corps), in
consultation with the North Carolina Interagency Review Team(IRT). The
Mitigation Site has been approved by the Corps for use as
a mitigation bank to compensate for unavoidable stream and wetland impacts
authorized by DA permits.
WHEREAS, the restoration, enhancement and preservation of the
Conservation Easement Area is also a condition of the approval of the
Riparian Buffer and Nutrient Offset Mitigation Banking
Instrument(MBI)and Bank Parcel Development Package (BPDP) or
Mitigation Plan for the Riparian Buffer and Nutrient Offset
Mitigation Bank, North Carolina Division of Water Resources (NCDWR)
Project ID# , which was approved by the NCDWR, and will
be made and entered into by and between [enter Sponsor name], acting as
the Bank Sponsor, and the NCDWR. The Riparian Buffer
and Nutrient Offset Site is intended to be used to compensate for riparian
buffer and nutrient impacts to surface waters.
WHEREAS, Grantor and Grantee agree that third-party rights of
enforcement shall be held by the North Carolina Division of Water Resources
(NCDWR) and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Wilmington District ("Third-
Parties," to include any successor agencies), and may be exercised through the
appropriate enforcement agencies of the United States and the State of North
Carolina, and that these rights are in addition to, and do not limit, the rights of
enforcement under the NCDWR Project ID# and the
Department of the Army instrument number SAW-

("Mitigation Banking Instrument"), or any permit or certification issued by the
Third-Parties.
NOW, THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the covenants and
representations contained herein and for other good and valuable
consideration, the receipt and legal sufficiency of which is hereby
acknowledged, Grantor hereby unconditionally and irrevocably grants and
conveys unto Grantee, its heirs, successors and assigns, forever and in
perpetuity a Conservation Easement of the nature and character and to the
extent hereinafter set forth, over the Conservation Easement Area described on
Exhibit B, together with the right to preserve and protect the conservation
values thereof, as follows:
ARTICLE I.
DURATION OF EASEMENT
This Conservation Easement shall be perpetual. This Conservation
Easement is an easement in gross, runs with the land and is enforceable by
Grantee against Grantor, Grantor's personal representatives, heirs, successors
and assigns, lessees, agents and licensees.
ARTICLE II.
PROHIBITED AND RESTRICTED ACTIVITIES
Any activity on, or use of, the Conservation Easement Area inconsistent
with the purpose of this Conservation Easement is prohibited. The
Conservation Easement Area shall be preserved in its natural condition and
restricted from any development that would impair or interfere with the
conservation values of the Conservation Easement Area.
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the following activities
and uses are expressly prohibited, restricted or reserved as indicated
hereunder:
A. Disturbance of Natural Features. Any change disturbance,
alteration or impairment of the natural features of the Conservation Easement
Area or any introduction of non-native plants and/or animal species is
prohibited.
B. Construction. There shall be no constructing or placing of any
building, mobile home, asphalt or concrete pavement, billboard or other
advertising display, antenna, utility pole, tower, conduit, line, pier, landing, dock
or any other temporary or permanent structure or facility on or above the
Conservation Easement Area.
C. Industrial, Commercial and Residential Use. Industrial, residential
and/or commercial activities, including any rights of passage for such purposes
are prohibited.
D. Agricultural, Grazing and Horticultural Use. Agricultural, grazing,
animal husbandry, and horticultural use of the Conservation Easement Area

are prohibited.
E. Vegetation. There shall be no removal, burning, destruction,
harming, cutting or mowing of trees, shrubs, or other vegetation in the
Conservation Easement Area except as provided in the Mitigation Plan and
BPDP/Mitigation Plan. Mowing of invasive and herbaceous vegetation for
purposes of enhancing planted or volunteer trees and shrubs approved in the
Mitigation Plan and BPDP/Mitigation Plan is allowable once a year for no more
than five consecutive years from the date on page 1 of this Conservation
Easement, except where mowing will negatively impact vegetation or disturb
soils. Mowing activities shall only be performed by [enter Sponsor name] and
shall not violate any part of Item L of Article II.
F. Roads and Trails. There shall be no construction of roads, trails or
walkways on the Conservation Easement Area; nor enlargement or
modification to existing roads, trails or walkways.
G. Signage. No signs shall be permitted on or over the Conservation
Easement Area, except the posting of no trespassing signs, signs identifying
the conservation values of the Conservation Easement Area, signs giving
directions or proscribing rules and regulations for the use of the Conservation
Easement Area and/or signs identifying the Grantor as owner of the
Conservation Easement Area.
H. Dumping or Storage. Dumping or storage of soil, trash, ashes,
garbage, waste, abandoned vehicles, appliances, machinery or hazardous
substances, or toxic or hazardous waste, or any placement of underground or
aboveground storage tanks or other materials on the Conservation Easement
Area is prohibited.
I. Excavation, Dredging or Mineral Use. There shall be no grading,
filling, excavation, dredging, mining or drilling; no removal of topsoil, sand,
gravel, rock, peat, minerals or other materials, and no change in the topography
of the land in any manner on the Conservation Easement Area, except to
restore natural topography or drainage patterns. For purposes of restoring and
enhancing streams and wetlands within the Conservation Easement Area,
[enter Sponsor name] is allowed to perform grading, filling, and excavation
associated with stream and wetland restoration and enhancement activities as
described in the Mitigation Plan and authorized by Department of the Army
Nationwide Permit 27.
J. Water Quality and Drainage Pattern. There shall be no diking,
draining, dredging, channeling, filling, leveling, pumping, impounding or related
activities, or altering or tampering with water control structures or devices, or
disruption or alteration of the restored, enhanced, or created drainage patterns.
In addition, diverting or causing or permitting the diversion of surface or
underground water into, within or out of the easement area by any means,
removal of wetlands, polluting or discharging into waters, springs, seeps, or
wetlands, or use of pesticide or biocides is prohibited.
K. Development Rights. No development rights that have been

encumbered or extinguished by this Conservation Easement shall be
transferred pursuant to a transferable development rights scheme or cluster
development arrangement or otherwise.
[Not required, but may be added if Grantor and Grantee agree:]
L. Subdivision. The Grantor and Grantee agree that the Conservation
Easement Area currently consists of within
separate parcels. The Grantor may not further subdivide the
Conservation Easement Area, except with the prior written consent of the
Grantee. If Grantor elects to further subdivide any portion of the Conservation
Easement Area, Grantor must provide the Grantee the name, address, and
telephone number of new owner(s) of all property within the Conservation
Easement Area, if different from Grantor. No subdivision of the Conservation
Easement Area shall limit the right of ingress and egress over and across the
Property for the purposes set forth herein. Further, in the event of any
subdivision of the Property (whether inside or outside of the Conservation
Easement Area) provision shall be made to preserve not only Grantee's
perpetual rights of access to the Conservation Easement Area, as defined
herein, but also Grantee's right of perpetual access to any conservation
easements on properties adjacent to the Property which form a part of or are
included in the Mitigation Plan or BPDP/Mitigation Plan. Creation of a
condominium or any de facto division of the Conservation Easement Area is
prohibited. Lot line adjustments or lot consolidation without the prior written
consent of the Grantee is prohibited. The Grantor may convey undivided
interests in the real property underlying the Conservation Easement Area. The
Grantor shall notify the Grantee immediately of the name, address, and
telephone number of any grantee of an undivided interest in any property within
the Conservation Easement Area.
M. Vehicles. The operation of mechanized vehicles, including, but not
limited to, motorcycles, dirt bikes, all-terrain vehicles, cars and trucks is
prohibited other than for temporary or occasional access by the [enter Sponsor
name], the Grantee, its employees and agents, successors, assigns, NCDWR,
and the Corps for purposes of constructing, maintaining and monitoring the
restoration, enhancement and preservation of streams, wetlands and riparian
areas within the Conservation Easement Area. The use of mechanized
vehicles for monitoring purposes is limited to only existing roads and trails as
shown in the approved in the Mitigation Plan and BPDP/Mitigation Plan.
N. Other Prohibitions. Any other use of, or activity on, the
Conservation Easement Area which is or may become inconsistent with the
purposes of this grant, the preservation of the Conservation Easement Area
substantially in its natural condition, or the protection of its environmental
systems, is prohibited.
ARTICLE III.
GRANTOR'S RESEVERED RIGHTS
The Grantor expressly reserves for himself, his personal representatives,
heirs, successors or assigns, the right to continue the use of the Conservation
Easement Area for all purposes not inconsistent with this Conservation

Easement, including, but not limited to, the right to quiet enjoyment of the
Conservation Easement Area, the rights of ingress and egress, the right to
hunt, fish, and hike on the Conservation Easement Area, the right to sell,
transfer, gift or otherwise convey the Conservation Easement Area, in whole or
in part, provided such sale, transfer or gift conveyance is subject to the terms
of, and shall specifically reference, this Conservation Easement.
Notwithstanding the foregoing Restrictions, Grantor reserves for Grantor,
its successors and assigns, including [enter Sponsor name] acting as the Bank
Sponsor, the right to construct and perform activities related to the restoration,
enhancement, and preservation of streams, wetlands and riparian areas within
the Conservation Easement Area in accordance with the approved
Mitigation Plan, the approved
BPDP/Mitigation Plan, and the two Mitigation Banking Instruments described in
the Recitals of this Conservation Easement.
Notwithstanding the foregoing Restrictions, Grantor reserves for Grantor,
its successors and assigns, the following rights in the areas labeled as "Internal
Crossing" on the plat [insert plat name and recorded plat book page number] in
the Conservation Easement Area: vehicular access, livestock access, irrigation
piping and piping of livestock waste. All Internal Crossings that allow livestock
access will be bounded by fencing and will be over a culvert.
ARTICLE IV.
GRANTEE'S RIGHTS
The Grantee or its authorized representatives, successors and assigns,
the Corps and NCDWR, shall have the right to enter the Property and
Conservation Easement Area at all reasonable times for the purpose of
inspecting the Conservation Easement Area to determine if the Grantor, or his
personal representatives, heirs, successors, or assigns, is complying with the
terms, conditions, restrictions, and purposes of this Conservation Easement.
The Grantee, [enter Sponsor name], and its authorized representatives,
successors and assigns, the Corps and NCDWR shall also have the right to
enter and go upon the Conservation Easement Area for purposes of making
scientific or educational observations and studies, and taking samples. The
easement rights granted herein do not include public access rights.
ARTICLE V.
ENFORCEMENT AND REMEDIES
A. To accomplish the purposes of this Easement, Grantee, the Corps,
and NCDWR are allowed to prevent any activity on or use of the Conservation
Easement Area that is inconsistent with the purposes of this Easement and to
require the restoration of such areas or features of the Conservation Easement
Area that may be damaged by such activity or use. Upon any breach of the
terms of this Conservation Easement by Grantor that comes to the attention of
the Grantee, the Grantee shall notify the Grantor in writing of such breach. The
Grantor shall have 30 days after receipt of such notice to correct the conditions
constituting such breach. If the breach remains uncured after 30 days, the
Grantee may enforce this Conservation Easement by appropriate legal

proceedings including damages, injunctive and other relief. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, the Grantee reserves the immediate right, without notice, to obtain a
temporary restraining order, injunctive or other appropriate relief if the breach of
the terms of this Conservation Easement is or would irreversibly or otherwise
materially impair the benefits to be derived from this Conservation Easement.
The Grantor and Grantee acknowledge that under such circumstances damage
to the Grantee would be irreparable and remedies at law will be inadequate.
The rights and remedies of the Grantee provided hereunder shall be in addition
to, and not in lieu of, all other rights and remedies available to Grantee in
connection with this Conservation Easement. The costs of a breach, correction
or restoration, including the Grantee's expenses, court costs, and attorneys'
fees, shall be paid by Grantor, provided Grantor is determined to be
responsible for the breach. The Corps and the NCDWR shall have the same
rights and privileges as the said Grantee to enforce the terms and conditions of
this Conservation Easement.
B. No failure on the part of the Grantee to enforce any covenant or
provision hereof shall discharge or invalidate such covenant or any other
covenant, condition, or provision hereof or affect the right to Grantee to enforce
the same in the event of a subsequent breach or default.
C. Nothing contained in this Conservation Easement shall be
construed to entitle Grantee to bring any action against Grantor for any injury or
change in the Conservation Easement Area resulting from causes beyond the
Grantor's control, including, without limitation, fire, flood, storm, war, acts of
God or third parties, except Grantor's lessees or invitees; or from any prudent
action taken in good faith by Grantor under emergency conditions to prevent,
abate, or mitigate significant injury to life, damage to property or harm to the
Conservation Easement Area resulting from such causes.
ARTICLE VI.
MISCELLANEOUS
A. Warranty. Grantor warrants, covenants and represents that it owns
the Property in fee simple, and that Grantor either owns all interests in the
Property which may be impaired by the granting of this Conservation Easement
or that there are no outstanding mortgages, tax liens, encumbrances, or other
interests in the Property which have not been expressly subordinated to this
Conservation Easement. Grantor further warrants that Grantee shall have the
use of and enjoy all the benefits derived from and arising out of this
Conservation Easement, and that Grantor will warrant and defend title to the
Property against the claims of all persons. -
B. Subsequent Transfers. The Grantor agrees to incorporate the terms
of this Conservation Easement in any deed or other legal instrument that
transfers any interest in all or a portion of the Conservation Easement Area.
The Grantor agrees to provide written notice of such transfer at least sixty (60)
days prior to the date of the transfer. The Grantor and Grantee agree that the
terms of this Conservation Easement shall survive any merger of the fee and
easement interests in the Conservation Easement Area or any portion thereof
and shall not be amended, modified or terminated without the prior written

consent and approval of the Corps.
C. Assignment. The parties recognize and agree that the benefits of
this Conservation Easement are in gross and assignable provided, however
that the Grantee hereby covenants and agrees, that in the event it transfers or
assigns this Conservation Easement, the organization receiving the interest will
be a qualified holder pursuant to 33 CFR 332.7 (a)(1), N.C. Gen. Stat. § 121-34
et seq. and § 501 (c)(3) and § 170 (h) of the Internal Revenue Code, and the
Grantee further covenants and agrees that the terms of the transfer or
assignment will be such that the transferee or assignee will be required to
continue in perpetuity the conservation purposes described in this document.
D. Entire Agreement and Severability. The combined Mitigation
Banking Instruments: MBI with corresponding Mitigation Plan, and MBI with
corresponding BPDP/Mitigation Plan, and this Conservation Easement sets
forth the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the Conservation
Easement and supersedes all prior discussions, negotiations, understandings
or agreements relating to the Conservation Easement. If any provision is found
to be void or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, the remainder
shall continue in full force and effect.
E. Obligations of Ownership. Grantor is responsible for any real estate
taxes, assessments, fees, or charges levied upon the Property. Grantor shall
keep the Property free of any liens or other encumbrances for obligations
incurred by Grantor, except those incurred after the date hereof, which are
expressly subject and subordinate to the Conservation Easement. Grantee shall
not be responsible for any costs or liability of any kind related to the ownership,
operation, insurance, upkeep, or maintenance of the Property, except as
expressly provided herein. Nothing herein shall relieve the Grantor of the
obligation to comply with federal, state or local laws, regulations and permits
that may apply to the exercise of the Reserved Rights.
F. Long-Term Management. Grantor is responsible for all long-term
management activities associated with fencing. These activities include the
maintenance and/or replacement of fence structures to ensure the aquatic
resource functions within the boundaries of the Protected Property are
sustained.
G. Extinguishment. In the event that changed conditions render
impossible the continued use of the Conservation Easement Area for the
conservation purposes, this Conservation Easement may only be extinguished,
in whole or in part, by judicial proceeding.
H. Eminent Domain. Whenever all or part of the Conservation
Easement Area is taken in the exercise of eminent domain so as to
substantially abrogate the Restrictions imposed by this Conservation
Easement, Grantor and Grantee shall join in appropriate actions at the time of
such taking to recover the full value of the taking, and all incidental and direct
damages due to the taking.
I. Proceeds. This Conservation Easement constitutes a real property

interest immediately vested in Grantee. In the event that all or a portion of the
Conservation Easement Area is sold, exchanged, or involuntarily converted
following an extinguishment or the exercise of eminent domain, Grantee shall
be entitled to the fair market value of this Conservation Easement as
determined at the time of the extinguishment or condemnation.
J. Notification. Any notice, request for approval, or other
communication required under this Conservation Easement shall be sent by
registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, to the following addresses (or such
address as may be hereafter specified by notice pursuant to this paragraph):
To Grantor:
[Name, address and fax number]
To Grantee:
[Name, address and fax number]
To Sponsor:
To the Corps:
US Army Corps of Engineers Wilmington District, Regulatory Division
69 Darlington Avenue
Wilmington, NC 28403
To NCDEQ -DWR:
NCDEQ — Division of Water Resources 401 & Buffer Permitting Branch
1617 Mail Service Center Raleigh, NC 27699-1601
K. Failure of Grantee. If at any time Grantee is unable or fails to
enforce this Conservation Easement, or if Grantee ceases to be a qualified
grantee, and if within a reasonable period of time after the occurrence of one of
these events Grantee fails to make an assignment pursuant to this
Conservation Easement, then the Grantee's interest shall become vested in
another qualified grantee in accordance with an appropriate proceeding in a
court of competent jurisdiction.
L. Amendment. This Conservation Easement may be amended, but
only in a writing signed by all parties hereto, and provided such amendment
does not affect the qualification of this Conservation Easement or the status of
the Grantee under any applicable laws, and is consistent with the conservation
purposes of this grant.
M. Present Condition of the Conservation Easement Area. The
wetlands, scenic, resource, environmental, and other natural characteristics of
the Conservation Easement Area, and its current use and state of
improvement, are described in Section of the Mitigation Plan, prepared
by Grantor and acknowledged by the Grantor and Grantee to be complete and
accurate as of the date hereof. Both Grantor and Grantee have copies of this
report. It will be used by the parties to assure that any future changes in the use
of the Conservation Easement Area will be consistent with the terms of this
Conservation Easement. However, this report is not intended to preclude the

use of other evidence to establish the present condition of the Conservation
Easement Area if there is a controversy over its use.
TO HAVE AND TO HOLD the said rights and easements perpetually
unto Grantee for the aforesaid purposes.
IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, the Grantor has hereunto set his hand and
seal, the day and year first above written.
[Signatures of the Grantor and Grantee in appropriate form]

DocuSign Envelope ID:90F59615-5954-46CF-ACCA-68E9451541 C9
art
1144,4,
Unique Places
To Save
December 10,2020
Catherine Manner
Water&Land Solutions
7721 Six Forks Road,Suite 130
Raleigh, NC 27615
Dear Ms. Manner,
This letter confirms that Unique Places to Save ("UP2S"), a 501(c)3 not-for-profit organization located in the
State of North Carolina, has preliminarily agreed to act as the conservation easement grantee and long-term
steward for the Starker Mitigation site ("Site") located in Catawba County,North Carolina.The Site consists of
an approximate 30-acre conservation easement area. As the conservation easement grantee and long-term
steward, UP2S shall be responsible for periodic inspection of the Site to ensure that the terms and restrictions
required in the conservation easement are enforced and maintained into perpetuity. Specific responsibilities
include:
• Conservation easement compliance monitoring of the Site is conducted on an annual basis.
• Visits to Site are coordinated with the landowner when possible.
• Annual conservation easement compliance monitoring reports are sent to the landowner when
possible.
• Signage (if applicable) for the conservation easement boundary is maintained.
•• Violations and potential violations of the conservation easement deed are addressed following
protocols contained in the UP2S Conservation Easement Violations Policy and per the terms of the
conservation easement deed.
Water & Land Solutions shall act as Bank Sponsor of the Site. UP2S shall receive a stewardship endowment in
the amount of $61,297.00 to ensure annual Site inspections occur and that the terms of the conservation
easement are legally defended into perpetuity.
DocuSigned by: �!}
J ris(,t,r _ I
AB3956C8737A4BE...
Jen 1-isner, tsoara Chair Representative Signature
Unique Places to Save Water& Land Solutions
Printed Name
1 r�
0+ V
Date
JZ- Io-Zo
PO Box 1183 • Chapel Hill, NC 27514 • 585-472-9498 [e-mail]

Appendix E- USACE Assessment Forms
WLS Catawba 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank
Starker Mitigation Site
NC SAM Forms
NC WAM Forms

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
USACE AID#: NCDWR#:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map,and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the "Notes/Sketch"section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA(do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name(if any): Starker Mitigation Bank 2. Date of evaluation: 7/14/2020
3.Applicant/owner name: WLS/Hunsucker Farms LLC 4.Assessor name/organization: Amy James/EPR
5. County: Catawba 6. Nearest named water body
7. River basin: Catawba on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Mull Creek
8. Site coordinates(decimal degrees,at lower end of assessment reach): 35.717069, -81.165934
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number(show on attached map): S100 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 5,418
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present)to top of bank(feet): 3-7 ft. ['Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank(feet): 15-20 ft. 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? ['Yes No
14. Feature type: ZPerennial flow ['Intermittent flow ['Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: ❑ Mountains(M) ® Piedmont(P) ❑ Inner Coastal Plain(I) ❑ Outer Coastal Plain(0)
16. Estimated geomorphic ❑A ��
\\416.61/4....1}
valley shape(skip for ®B
Tidal Marsh Stream): (more sinuous stream,flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream,steeper valley slope)
17.Watershed size: (skip ❑Size 1 (<0.1 mi2) Size 2(0.1 to<0.5 mi2) ['Size 3(0.5 to<5 mi2) ❑Size 4(>_5 mil)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18.Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ['No If Yes,check all that apply to the assessment area.
['Section 10 water ❑Classified Trout Waters ®Water Supply Watershed (❑I ❑II ❑III ®IV ❑V)
['Essential Fish Habitat ❑Primary Nursery Area ❑ High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
['Publicly owned property ❑NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect ['Nutrient Sensitive Waters
❑Anadromous fish 0303(d)List ❑CAMA Area of Environmental Concern(AEC)
['Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
❑Designated Critical Habitat(list species)
19.Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in"Notes/Sketch"section or attached? ['Yes ❑No
1. Channel Water-assessment reach metric(skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
®A Water throughout assessment reach.
❑B No flow,water in pools only.
❑C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction-assessment reach metric
❑A At least 10% of assessment reach in-stream habitat or riffle-pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts,causeways that constrict the channel,tidal gates,debris jams,
beaver dams).
®B NotA
3. Feature Pattern-assessment reach metric
❑A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples:straightening, modification above or below culvert).
®B NotA
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile-assessment reach metric
®A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile(examples: channel down-cutting,existing damming,over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
❑B NotA
5. Signs of Active Instability-assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down-cutting(head-cut),active widening,and artificial hardening(such as concrete,gabion, rip-rap).
❑A < 10%of channel unstable
❑B 10 to 25%of channel unstable
❑C >25%of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction-streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank(LB)and the Right Bank(RB).
LB RB
❑A ❑A Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
❑B ❑B Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down-cutting, aggradation, dredging)that adversely affect
reference interaction(examples: limited streamside area access,disruption of flood flows through streamside area,leaky
or intermittent bulkheads,causeways with floodplain constriction,minor ditching[including mosquito ditching])
®C ®C Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction,bulkheads,retaining walls,fill,stream incision,disruption
of flood flows through streamside area]or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access[examples:impoundments,intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
7. Water Quality Stressors-assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
❑A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone(milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration,oil sheen,stream foam)
❑B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
❑D Odor(not including natural sulfide odors)
❑E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in "Notes/Sketch"
section.
▪F Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
❑G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
❑H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone(removal,burning, regular mowing,destruction,etc)
❑I Other: (explain in"Notes/Sketch"section)
❑J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather-watershed metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought;for Size 3 or 4 streams,D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
❑A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
®C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream-assessment reach metric
❑Yes ®No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes,skip to Metric 13(Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In-stream Habitat Types-assessment reach metric
10a. ❑Yes ®No Degraded in-stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in-stream hardening [for example, rip-rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only,then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur(occurs if>5%coverage of assessment reach)(skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
❑A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses ❑F 5%oysters or other natural hard bottoms
(include liverworts,lichens,and algal mats) ❑G Submerged aquatic vegetation
®B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent - . ❑H Low-tide refugia(pools)
vegetation Y L ❑I Sand bottom
❑C Multiple snags and logs(including lap trees) . ❑J 5%vertical bank along the marsh
❑D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots ° ❑K Little or no habitat
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
❑E Little or no habitat
*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate-assessment reach metric(skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11a. ['Yes ®No Is assessment reach in a natural sand-bed stream?(skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11 b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
®A Riffle-run section (evaluate 11c)
❑B Pool-glide section (evaluate 11d)
❑C Natural bedform absent(skip to Metric 12,Aquatic Life)
11 c. In riffle sections,check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach-whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row(skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present(NP)=absent, Rare
(R) = present but< 10%, Common (C)= > 10-40%,Abundant(A)= >40-70%, Predominant(P) = >70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100%for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
▪ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Bedrock/saprolite
▪ El ❑ El ❑ Boulder(256-4096 mm)
El ® ❑ El ❑ Cobble(64-256 mm)
El El ❑ ® ❑ Gravel (2-64 mm)
❑ El ® ❑ ❑ Sand(.062-2 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Silt/clay(<0.062 mm)
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Detritus
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Artificial (rip-rap,concrete,etc.)
11d. ❑Yes ❑No Are pools filled with sediment?(skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

12. Aquatic Life—assessment reach metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. ❑Yes No Was an in-stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No,select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. No Water ❑Other:
12b. ❑Yes No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No,skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to"individuals"for Size 1 and 2 streams and"taxa"for Size 3 and 4 streams.
❑ ®Adult frogs
❑ Aquatic reptiles
❑ [Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
❑ [Beetles
❑ ❑Caddisfly larvae(T)
❑ ['Asian clam (Corbicula)
❑ ®Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
❑ ❑Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
❑ ❑Dipterans
❑ ❑Mayfly larvae(E)
❑ ❑Megaloptera(alderfly,fishfly,dobsonfly larvae)
❑ ❑Midges/mosquito larvae
❑ ®Mosquito fish (Gambusia)or mud minnows(Umbra pygmaea)
❑ ❑Mussels/Clams(not Corbicula)
❑ ❑Other fish
❑ ❑Salamanders/tadpoles
❑ ['Snails
❑ ❑Stonefly larvae(P)
❑ ❑Tipulid larvae
❑ ❑Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition—streamside area metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank(LB)and the Right Bank(RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
®A ®A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑B ❑B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑C ❑C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area(examples: ditches,fill,soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees,drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage—streamside area metric(skip for Size 1 streams,Tidal Marsh Streams,and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank(LB)and the Right Bank(RB)of the streamside area.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water>_6 inches deep
❑B ❑B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
®C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water<3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence—streamside area metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank(LB)and the Right Bank(RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
®Y ®Y Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
O N ON
16. Baseflow Contributors—assessment reach metric(skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
Streams and/or springs(jurisdictional discharges)
❑B Ponds(include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
❑C Obstruction passing flow during low-flow periods within the assessment area(beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom-release dam,weir)
®D Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
®E Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
❑F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors—assessment area metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
❑A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
❑B Obstruction not passing flow during low-flow periods affecting the assessment reach(ex:watertight dam,sediment deposit)
❑C Urban stream (>_24%impervious surface for watershed)
❑D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
❑E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
®F None of the above
18. Shading—assessment reach metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider"leaf-on"condition.
❑A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category(may include gaps associated with natural processes)
®B Degraded(example: scattered trees)
❑C Stream shading is gone or largely absent

19. Buffer Width—streamside area metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider"vegetated buffer" and"wooded buffer"separately for left bank(LB)and right bank(RB)starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB RB
®A ®A ❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
❑B ❑B ❑B ®B From 50 to< 100 feet wide
❑C ❑C ®C ❑C From 30 to<50 feet wide
❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D From 10 to<30 feet wide
❑E ❑E ❑E ❑E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure—streamside area metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank(LB)and right bank(RB)for Metric 19("Vegetated" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A Mature forest
®B ❑B Non-mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
❑C ❑C Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees< 10 feet wide
❑D ❑D Maintained shrubs
❑E ❑E Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors—streamside area metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank(LB)and right bank(RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts),does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream(<30 feet),or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream(30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank,check here and skip to Metric 22: ❑
Abuts <30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A Row crops
❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B Maintained turf
❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C Pasture(no livestock)/commercial horticulture
®D ❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D Pasture(active livestock use)
22. Stem Density—streamside area metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank(LB)and right bank(RB)for Metric 19("Wooded" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A Medium to high stem density
®B ❑B Low stem density
❑C ❑C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer—streamside area metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream(parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
®A ®A The total length of buffer breaks is<25 percent.
❑B ❑B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
❑C ❑C The total length of buffer breaks is>50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition—streamside area metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first)as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
®B ®B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear-cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
❑C ❑C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non-characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity—assessment reach metric(skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. ❑Yes ®No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No,select one of the following reasons. ❑No Water ['Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement(units of microsiemens per centimeter).
❑A <46 LIB 46 to<67 ❑C 67 to<79 ❑D 79 to<230 ❑E >_230
Notes/Sketch:

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Starker Mitigation Bank Date of Assessment 7/14/2020
Stream Category Pb2 Assessor Name/Organization Amy James/EPR
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N) NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) YES
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included(Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent,Tidal Marsh Stream) Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
Function Class Rating Summary All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow LOW
(3)Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access LOW
(4)Wooded Riparian Buffer MEDIUM
(4) Microtopography NA
(3)Stream Stability LOW
(4)Channel Stability LOW
(4)Sediment Transport MEDIUM
(4)Stream Geomorphology MEDIUM
(2)Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2)Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2)Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3)Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3)Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1)Water Quality MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2)Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3)Thermoregulation MEDIUM
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2)Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2)Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In-stream Habitat LOW
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3)Substrate MEDIUM
(3)Stream Stability LOW
(3) In-stream Habitat LOW
(2)Stream-side Habitat MEDIUM
(3)Stream-side Habitat MEDIUM
(3)Thermoregulation MEDIUM
(2)Tidal Marsh In-stream Habitat NA
(3)Flow Restriction NA
(3)Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4)Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4)Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3)Tidal Marsh In-stream Habitat NA
(2)Intertidal Zone NA
Overall LOW

NC SAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
USACE AID#: NCDWR#:
INSTRUCTIONS: Attach a sketch of the assessment area and photographs. Attach a copy of the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle,
and circle the location of the stream reach under evaluation. If multiple stream reaches will be evaluated on the same property, identify and
number all reaches on the attached map,and include a separate form for each reach. See the NC SAM User Manual for detailed descriptions
and explanations of requested information. Record in the "Notes/Sketch"section if supplementary measurements were performed. See the
NC SAM User Manual for examples of additional measurements that may be relevant.
NOTE EVIDENCE OF STRESSORS AFFECTING THE ASSESSMENT AREA(do not need to be within the assessment area).
PROJECT/SITE INFORMATION:
1. Project name(if any): Starker Mitigation Bank 2. Date of evaluation: 7/14/2020
3.Applicant/owner name: WLS/Hunsucker Farms LLC 4.Assessor name/organization: Amy James/EPR
5. County: Catawba 6. Nearest named water body
7. River basin: Catawba on USGS 7.5-minute quad: Mull Creek
8. Site coordinates(decimal degrees,at lower end of assessment reach): 35.713045, -81.172890
STREAM INFORMATION: (depth and width can be approximations)
9. Site number(show on attached map): S200 10. Length of assessment reach evaluated (feet): 4,220
11. Channel depth from bed (in riffle, if present)to top of bank(feet): 4-10 ft. ['Unable to assess channel depth.
12. Channel width at top of bank(feet): 12-18 ft. 13. Is assessment reach a swamp steam? ['Yes No
14. Feature type: ZPerennial flow ['Intermittent flow ['Tidal Marsh Stream
STREAM CATEGORY INFORMATION:
15. NC SAM Zone: ❑ Mountains(M) ® Piedmont(P) ❑ Inner Coastal Plain(I) ❑ Outer Coastal Plain(0)
16. Estimated geomorphic ❑A ��
\\416.61/4....1}
valley shape(skip for ®B
Tidal Marsh Stream): (more sinuous stream,flatter valley slope) (less sinuous stream,steeper valley slope)
17.Watershed size: (skip ❑Size 1 (<0.1 mi2) Size 2(0.1 to<0.5 mi2) ['Size 3(0.5 to<5 mi2) ❑Size 4(>_5 mil)
for Tidal Marsh Stream)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
18.Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ®Yes ['No If Yes,check all that apply to the assessment area.
['Section 10 water ❑Classified Trout Waters ['Water Supply Watershed (❑I ❑II ❑III ®IV ❑V)
['Essential Fish Habitat ❑Primary Nursery Area ❑ High Quality Waters/Outstanding Resource Waters
['Publicly owned property ❑NCDWR Riparian buffer rule in effect ['Nutrient Sensitive Waters
❑Anadromous fish 0303(d)List ❑CAMA Area of Environmental Concern(AEC)
['Documented presence of a federal and/or state listed protected species within the assessment area.
List species:
❑Designated Critical Habitat(list species)
19.Are additional stream information/supplementary measurements included in"Notes/Sketch"section or attached? ['Yes ❑No
1. Channel Water-assessment reach metric(skip for Size 1 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
®A Water throughout assessment reach.
❑B No flow,water in pools only.
❑C No water in assessment reach.
2. Evidence of Flow Restriction-assessment reach metric
❑A At least 10% of assessment reach in-stream habitat or riffle-pool sequence is severely affected by a flow restriction or fill to the
point of obstructing flow or a channel choked with aquatic macrophytes or ponded water or impoundment on flood or ebb within
the assessment reach (examples: undersized or perched culverts,causeways that constrict the channel,tidal gates,debris jams,
beaver dams).
❑B NotA
3. Feature Pattern-assessment reach metric
❑A A majority of the assessment reach has altered pattern (examples:straightening, modification above or below culvert).
®B NotA
4. Feature Longitudinal Profile-assessment reach metric
®A Majority of assessment reach has a substantially altered stream profile(examples: channel down-cutting,existing damming,over
widening, active aggradation, dredging, and excavation where appropriate channel profile has not reformed from any of these
disturbances).
❑B NotA
5. Signs of Active Instability-assessment reach metric
Consider only current instability, not past events from which the stream has currently recovered. Examples of instability include
active bank failure, active channel down-cutting(head-cut),active widening,and artificial hardening(such as concrete,gabion, rip-rap).
❑A < 10%of channel unstable
❑B 10 to 25%of channel unstable
❑C >25%of channel unstable

6. Streamside Area Interaction-streamside area metric
Consider for the Left Bank(LB)and the Right Bank(RB).
LB RB
❑A ❑A Little or no evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction
❑B ❑B Moderate evidence of conditions (examples: berms, levees, down-cutting, aggradation, dredging)that adversely affect
reference interaction(examples: limited streamside area access,disruption of flood flows through streamside area,leaky
or intermittent bulkheads,causeways with floodplain constriction,minor ditching[including mosquito ditching])
®C ®C Extensive evidence of conditions that adversely affect reference interaction (little to no floodplain/intertidal zone access
[examples: causeways with floodplain and channel constriction,bulkheads,retaining walls,fill,stream incision,disruption
of flood flows through streamside area]or too much floodplain/intertidal zone access[examples:impoundments,intensive
mosquito ditching]) or floodplain/intertidal zone unnaturally absent or assessment reach is a man-made feature on an
interstream divide
7. Water Quality Stressors-assessment reach/intertidal zone metric
Check all that apply.
❑A Discolored water in stream or intertidal zone(milky white, blue, unnatural water discoloration,oil sheen,stream foam)
❑B Excessive sedimentation (burying of stream features or intertidal zone)
❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutant discharges entering the assessment reach and causing a water quality problem
❑D Odor(not including natural sulfide odors)
❑E Current published or collected data indicating degraded water quality in the assessment reach. Cite source in "Notes/Sketch"
section.
▪F Livestock with access to stream or intertidal zone
❑G Excessive algae in stream or intertidal zone
❑H Degraded marsh vegetation in the intertidal zone(removal,burning, regular mowing,destruction,etc)
❑l Other: (explain in"Notes/Sketch"section)
❑J Little to no stressors
8. Recent Weather-watershed metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
For Size 1 or 2 streams, D1 drought or higher is considered a drought;for Size 3 or 4 streams,D2 drought or higher is considered a drought.
❑A Drought conditions and no rainfall or rainfall not exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
❑B Drought conditions and rainfall exceeding 1 inch within the last 48 hours
®C No drought conditions
9. Large or Dangerous Stream-assessment reach metric
❑Yes ®No Is stream is too large or dangerous to assess? If Yes,skip to Metric 13(Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition).
10. Natural In-stream Habitat Types-assessment reach metric
10a. EYes ®No Degraded in-stream habitat over majority of the assessment reach (examples of stressors include excessive
sedimentation, mining, excavation, in-stream hardening [for example, rip-rap], recent dredging, and snagging)
(evaluate for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams only,then skip to Metric 12)
10b. Check all that occur(occurs if>5%coverage of assessment reach)(skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams)
❑A Multiple aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses ❑F 5%oysters or other natural hard bottoms
(include liverworts,lichens,and algal mats) ❑G Submerged aquatic vegetation
®B Multiple sticks and/or leaf packs and/or emergent - . ❑H Low-tide refugia(pools)
vegetation Y L ❑l Sand bottom
❑C Multiple snags and logs(including lap trees) . ❑J 5%vertical bank along the marsh
❑D 5% undercut banks and/or root mats and/or roots ° ❑K Little or no habitat
in banks extend to the normal wetted perimeter
❑E Little or no habitat
*********************************REMAINING QUESTIONS ARE NOT APPLICABLE FOR TIDAL MARSH STREAMS****************************
11. Bedform and Substrate-assessment reach metric(skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
11a. ❑Yes ®No Is assessment reach in a natural sand-bed stream?(skip for Coastal Plain streams)
11 b. Bedform evaluated. Check the appropriate box(es).
®A Riffle-run section (evaluate 11c)
❑B Pool-glide section (evaluate 11d)
❑C Natural bedform absent(skip to Metric 12,Aquatic Life)
11 c. In riffle sections,check all that occur below the normal wetted perimeter of the assessment reach-whether or not submerged. Check
at least one box in each row(skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams). Not Present(NP)=absent, Rare
(R) = present but< 10%, Common (C)= > 10-40%,Abundant(A)= >40-70%, Predominant(P) = >70%. Cumulative percentages
should not exceed 100%for each assessment reach.
NP R C A P
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Bedrock/saprolite
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Boulder(256-4096 mm)
❑ ® ❑ El ❑ Cobble(64-256 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ® ❑ Gravel (2-64 mm)
❑ ❑ ® ❑ ❑ Sand(.062-2 mm)
❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Silt/clay(<0.062 mm)
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Detritus
® ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑ Artificial (rip-rap,concrete,etc.)
11d. ❑Yes ❑No Are pools filled with sediment?(skip for Size 4 Coastal Plain streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)

12. Aquatic Life—assessment reach metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
12a. ZYes No Was an in-stream aquatic life assessment performed as described in the User Manual?
If No,select one of the following reasons and skip to Metric 13. No Water ❑Other:
12b. ZYes No Are aquatic organisms present in the assessment reach (look in riffles, pools, then snags)? If Yes, check all that
apply. If No,skip to Metric 13.
1 >1 Numbers over columns refer to"individuals"for Size 1 and 2 streams and"taxa"for Size 3 and 4 streams.
❑ ®Adult frogs
❑ Aquatic reptiles
❑ Aquatic macrophytes and aquatic mosses(include liverworts, lichens, and algal mats)
❑ Beetles
❑ ❑Caddisfly larvae(T)
❑ ❑Asian clam (Corbicula)
❑ ®Crustacean (isopod/amphipod/crayfish/shrimp)
❑ El Damselfly and dragonfly larvae
❑ ❑Dipterans
❑ ❑Mayfly larvae(E)
❑ ❑Megaloptera(alderfly,fishfly,dobsonfly larvae)
❑ ❑Midges/mosquito larvae
❑ ®Mosquito fish (Gambusia)or mud minnows(Umbra pygmaea)
❑ ❑Mussels/Clams(not Corbicula)
❑ ❑Other fish
• ❑Salamanders/tadpoles
❑ ❑Snails
❑ ❑Stonefly larvae(P)
❑ ❑Tipulid larvae
❑ ❑Worms/leeches
13. Streamside Area Ground Surface Condition—streamside area metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank(LB)and the Right Bank(RB). Consider storage capacity with regard to both overbank flow and upland runoff.
LB RB
®A ®A Little or no alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑B ❑B Moderate alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area
❑C ❑C Severe alteration to water storage capacity over a majority of the streamside area(examples: ditches,fill,soil compaction,
livestock disturbance, buildings, man-made levees,drainage pipes)
14. Streamside Area Water Storage—streamside area metric(skip for Size 1 streams,Tidal Marsh Streams,and B valley types)
Consider for the Left Bank(LB)and the Right Bank(RB)of the streamside area.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water>_6 inches deep
❑B ❑B Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
®C Majority of streamside area with depressions able to pond water<3 inches deep
15. Wetland Presence—streamside area metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for the Left Bank(LB)and the Right Bank(RB). Do not consider wetlands outside of the streamside area or within the normal
wetted perimeter of assessment reach.
LB RB
❑Y ZY Are wetlands present in the streamside area?
❑N ❑N
16. Baseflow Contributors—assessment reach metric(skip for Size 4 streams and Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all contributors within the assessment reach or within view of and draining to the assessment reach.
▪ Streams and/or springs(jurisdictional discharges)
❑B Ponds(include wet detention basins; do not include sediment basins or dry detention basins)
❑C Obstruction passing flow during low-flow periods within the assessment area(beaver dam, leaky dam, bottom-release dam,weir)
ZD Evidence of bank seepage or sweating (iron in water indicates seepage)
ZE Stream bed or bank soil reduced (dig through deposited sediment if present)
❑F None of the above
17. Baseflow Detractors—assessment area metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all that apply.
❑A Evidence of substantial water withdrawals from the assessment reach (includes areas excavated for pump installation)
❑B Obstruction not passing flow during low-flow periods affecting the assessment reach(ex:watertight dam,sediment deposit)
❑C Urban stream (>_24%impervious surface for watershed)
❑D Evidence that the streamside area has been modified resulting in accelerated drainage into the assessment reach
❑E Assessment reach relocated to valley edge
®F None of the above
18. Shading—assessment reach metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider aspect. Consider"leaf-on"condition.
❑A Stream shading is appropriate for stream category(may include gaps associated with natural processes)
ZB Degraded(example: scattered trees)
❑C Stream shading is gone or largely absent

19. Buffer Width—streamside area metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider"vegetated buffer" and"wooded buffer"separately for left bank(LB)and right bank(RB)starting at the top of bank out
to the first break.
Vegetated Wooded
LB RB LB RB
®A ®A ❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet wide or extends to the edge of the watershed
❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B From 50 to< 100 feet wide
❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C From 30 to<50 feet wide
❑D ❑D ®D ❑D From 10 to<30 feet wide
❑E ❑E ❑E ❑E < 10 feet wide or no trees
20. Buffer Structure—streamside area metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank(LB)and right bank(RB)for Metric 19("Vegetated" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A Mature forest
❑B ❑B Non-mature woody vegetation or modified vegetation structure
❑C ❑C Herbaceous vegetation with or without a strip of trees< 10 feet wide
❑D ❑D Maintained shrubs
❑E ❑E Little or no vegetation
21. Buffer Stressors—streamside area metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Check all appropriate boxes for left bank(LB)and right bank(RB). Indicate if listed stressor abuts stream (Abuts),does not abut but is
within 30 feet of stream(<30 feet),or is between 30 to 50 feet of stream(30-50 feet).
If none of the following stressors occurs on either bank,check here and skip to Metric 22: ❑
Abuts <30 feet 30-50 feet
LB RB LB RB LB RB
❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A ❑A Row crops
❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B ❑B Maintained turf
❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C ❑C Pasture(no livestock)/commercial horticulture
®D ❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D ❑D Pasture(active livestock use)
22. Stem Density—streamside area metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider for left bank(LB)and right bank(RB)for Metric 19("Wooded" Buffer Width).
LB RB
❑A ❑A Medium to high stem density
❑B ❑B Low stem density
❑C ❑C No wooded riparian buffer or predominantly herbaceous species or bare ground
23. Continuity of Vegetated Buffer—streamside area metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Consider whether vegetated buffer is continuous along stream(parallel). Breaks are areas lacking vegetation > 10 feet wide.
LB RB
®A ®A The total length of buffer breaks is<25 percent.
❑B ❑B The total length of buffer breaks is between 25 and 50 percent.
❑C ❑C The total length of buffer breaks is>50 percent.
24. Vegetative Composition—streamside area metric(skip for Tidal Marsh Streams)
Evaluate the dominant vegetation within 100 feet of each bank or to the edge of the watershed (whichever comes first)as it contributes to
assessment reach habitat.
LB RB
❑A ❑A Vegetation is close to undisturbed in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of native species,
with non-native invasive species absent or sparse.
®B ®B Vegetation indicates disturbance in terms of species diversity or proportions, but is still largely composed of native
species. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clear-cutting or clearing or
communities with non-native invasive species present, but not dominant, over a large portion of the expected strata or
communities missing understory but retaining canopy trees.
❑C ❑C Vegetation is severely disturbed in terms of species diversity or proportions. Mature canopy is absent or communities
with non-native invasive species dominant over a large portion of expected strata or communities composed of planted
stands of non-characteristic species or communities inappropriately composed of a single species or no vegetation.
25. Conductivity—assessment reach metric(skip for all Coastal Plain streams)
25a. ['Yes ®No Was conductivity measurement recorded?
If No,select one of the following reasons. ❑No Water ['Other:
25b. Check the box corresponding to the conductivity measurement(units of microsiemens per centimeter).
❑A <46 ❑B 46 to<67 ❑C 67 to<79 LID 79 to<230 ❑E >_230
Notes/Sketch:

Draft NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Starker Mitigation Bank Date of Assessment 7/14/2020
Stream Category Pb2 Assessor Name/Organization Amy James/EPR
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N) NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) NO
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included(Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent,Tidal Marsh Stream) Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
Function Class Rating Summary All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow LOW
(3)Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access LOW
(4)Wooded Riparian Buffer LOW
(4) Microtopography NA
(3)Stream Stability MEDIUM
(4)Channel Stability LOW
(4)Sediment Transport HIGH
(4)Stream Geomorphology MEDIUM
(2)Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2)Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2)Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3)Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3)Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1)Water Quality MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2)Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3)Thermoregulation MEDIUM
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2)Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2)Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In-stream Habitat LOW
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3)Substrate HIGH
(3)Stream Stability LOW
(3) In-stream Habitat LOW
(2)Stream-side Habitat MEDIUM
(3)Stream-side Habitat MEDIUM
(3)Thermoregulation MEDIUM
(2)Tidal Marsh In-stream Habitat NA
(3)Flow Restriction NA
(3)Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4)Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4)Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3)Tidal Marsh In-stream Habitat NA
(2)Intertidal Zone NA
Overall LOW

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
USACE AID# NCDWR#
Project Name Starker Mitigation Bank Date of Evaluation 7/14/2020
Applicant/Owner Name WLS/Hunsucker Farms LLC Wetland Site Name Wetland A
Wetland Type Headwater Forest Assessor Name/Organization Amy James/EPR
Level III Ecoregion Piedmont Nearest Named Water Body Mull Creek
River Basin Catawba USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit 03050101
County Catawba NCDWR Region Mooresville
❑ Yes ® No Precipitation within 48 hrs? Latitude/Longitude(deci-degrees) 35.726300, -81.175047
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area(may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past(for instance,within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications(examples: ditches, dams,beaver dams,dikes, berms,ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub-surface discharges into the wetland(examples:discharges containing obvious pollutants,presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks(USTs), hog lagoons,etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress(examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage,disease,storm damage,salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration(examples: mowing, clear-cutting,exotics,etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ❑ Yes ® No
Regulatory Considerations-Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ❑Yes No If Yes,check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
❑ NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area(PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)(including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW,ORW,or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any?(check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal,check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
1. Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition—assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface(GS)in the assessment area and vegetation structure(VS)in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable(see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable,then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
❑A ❑A Not severely altered
®B ®B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area(ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks,excessive
sedimentation, fire-plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance,herbicides,salt intrusion[where appropriate],exotic species,grazing,less
diversity[if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
2. Surface and Sub-Surface Storage Capacity and Duration—assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration(Surf)and sub-surface storage capacity and duration(Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <_ 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only,while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub-surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime,if applicable.
Surf Sub
®A ®A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
❑B ❑B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially(typically,not sufficient to change vegetation).
❑C ❑C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples:draining,flooding,soil compaction,filling,excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
3. Water Storage/Surface Relief—assessment area/wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area(AA)and the wetland type(WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water> 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
®C ®C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
❑D ❑D Depressions able to pond water<3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
❑B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
®C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure—assessment area condition metric(skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
▪ Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features(concentrations, depletions,or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ❑A Soil ribbon< 1 inch
Soil ribbon>_1 inch
4c. ❑A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
5. Discharge into Wetland—opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges(Surf)and sub-surface pollutants or discharges(Sub). Examples
of sub-surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank,underground storage tank(UST),etc.
Surf Sub
®A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
❑B ❑B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges(pathogen, particulate,or soluble)entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation,excessive
sedimentation, odor)
6. Land Use—opportunity metric(skip for non-riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply(at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS),within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10%impervious surfaces
❑B ❑B ❑B Confined animal operations(or other local,concentrated source of pollutants
❑C ❑C ®C >_20%coverage of pasture
20%coverage of agricultural land(regularly plowed land)
❑E ❑E ❑E >_20%coverage of maintained grass/herb
❑F OF OF >_20%coverage of clear-cut land
❑G ❑G ❑G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer—assessment area/wetland complex condition metric(skip for non-riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
®Yes ❑No If Yes,continue to 7b. If No,skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
❑A >_50 feet
®B From 30 to<50 feet
❑C From 15 to<30 feet
❑D From 5 to< 15 feet
❑E <5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed,combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
®<_ 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water(no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
®Yes ❑No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
®Sheltered—adjacent open water with width <2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed—adjacent open water with width>_2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area—wetland type/wetland complex condition metric(evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area(WT)and
the wetland complex at the assessment area(WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
❑B ®B From 80 to< 100 feet
❑C ❑C From 50 to<80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to<50 feet
❑E ❑E From 30 to<40 feet
O F OF From 15 to<30 feet
❑G ❑G From 5 to< 15 feet
❑H ❑H <5 feet

9. Inundation Duration—assessment area condition metric(skip for non-riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
❑A Evidence of short-duration inundation(<7 consecutive days)
❑B Evidence of saturation,without evidence of inundation
❑C Evidence of long-duration inundation or very long-duration inundation(7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition—assessment area condition metric(skip for non-riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only(no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size—wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut,select"K"for the FW column.
WT WC FW(if applicable)
❑A ❑A ❑A >_500 acres
❑B ❑B ❑B From 100 to<500 acres
❑C ❑C ❑C From 50 to< 100 acres
❑D ❑D ❑D From 25 to<50 acres
❑E ❑E ❑E From 10 to<25 acres
❑F ❑F ❑F From 5 to< 10 acres
®G ®G LIG From 1 to<5 acres
❑H ❑H ®H From 0.5 to< 1 acre
❑I ❑I ❑I From 0.1 to<0.5 acre
❑J ❑J ❑J From 0.01 to<0.1 acre
❑K ❑K ❑K <0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness—wetland type condition metric(evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent(>_90%)of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is<90%of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas—landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely)to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water(if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four-lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four-lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water> 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A ❑A >_500 acres
❑B ❑B From 100 to<500 acres
❑C ❑C From 50 to< 100 acres
❑D ®D From 10 to<50 acres
❑E ❑E < 10 acres
❑F ❑F Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
['Yes El No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect—wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non-forested areas>_40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear-cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option"C."
❑A 0
❑B 1 to
▪ 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition—assessment area condition metric(skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species,with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
❑B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant,over a large portion of the expected strata.
❑C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non-
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity—assessment area condition metric(evaluate for Non-tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species(< 10%cover of exotics).
®B Vegetation diversity is low or has> 10%to 50%cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species(>50%cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure—assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes,continue to 17b. If No,skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non-marsh wetlands.
❑A >_25%coverage of vegetation
❑B <25%coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non-marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA)and the wetland type(WT)separately.
AA WT
o❑A ❑A Canopy closed,or nearly closed,with natural gaps associated with natural processes
®B ®B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
co
U ❑C ❑C Canopy sparse or absent
g❑A ❑A Dense mid-story/sapling layer
❑B ❑B Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
2— ❑C ❑C Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
-0❑A ❑A Dense shrub layer
s ®B ®B Moderate density shrub layer
❑C ❑C Shrub layer sparse or absent
❑A ❑A Dense herb layer
®B ®B Moderate density herb layer
❑C ❑C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags—wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags(more than one)are visible(> 12 inches DBH,or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B NotA
19. Diameter Class Distribution—wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems>6 inches in diameter at breast height(DBH); many large trees(> 12 inches DBH)are
present.
❑B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH,few are> 12 inch DBH.
▪ Majority of canopy trees are<6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris—wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man-placed natural debris.
❑A Large logs(more than one)are visible(> 12 inches in diameter,or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B NotA
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion—wetland type/open water condition metric(evaluate for Non-Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas,while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ,r ❑D
22. Hydrologic Connectivity—assessment area condition metric(evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching,fill,sedimentation,channelization,diversion,
man-made berms,beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C,or D.
❑A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
❑B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Wetland A Date of Assessment 7/14/2020
Wetland Type Headwater Forest Assessor Name/Organization Amy James/EPR
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N) NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) NO
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N) NO
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N) YES
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N) NO
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N) NO
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N) NO
Sub-function Rating Summary
Function Sub-function Metrics Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention Condition MEDIUM
Sub-surface Storage and
Retention Condition MEDIUM
Water Quality Pathogen Change Condition MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) NO
Particulate Change Condition MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) NA
Soluble Change Condition MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) NO
Physical Change Condition MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) NO
Pollution Change Condition NA
Condition/Opportunity NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) NA
Habitat Physical Structure Condition LOW
Landscape Patch Structure Condition LOW
Vegetation Composition Condition LOW
Function Rating Summary
Function Metrics Rating
Hydrology Condition MEDIUM
Water Quality Condition MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) NO
Habitat Condition LOW
Overall Wetland Rating MEDIUM

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
USACE AID# NCDWR#
Project Name Starker Mitigation Bank Date of Evaluation 7/14/2020
Applicant/Owner Name WLS/Hunsucker Farms LLC Wetland Site Name Wetland B
Wetland Type Headwater Forest Assessor Name/Organization Amy James/EPR
Level III Ecoregion Piedmont Nearest Named Water Body Mull Creek
River Basin Catawba USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit 03050101
County Catawba NCDWR Region Mooresville
❑ Yes ® No Precipitation within 48 hrs? Latitude/Longitude(deci-degrees) 35.724651, -81.173859
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area(may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past(for instance,within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications(examples: ditches,dams, beaver dams,dikes, berms,ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub-surface discharges into the wetland(examples:discharges containing obvious pollutants,presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks(USTs), hog lagoons,etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress(examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage,disease,storm damage,salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration(examples: mowing,clear-cutting,exotics,etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ❑ Yes ❑ No
Regulatory Considerations-Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ❑Yes No If Yes,check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
❑ NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area(PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)(including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW,ORW,or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any?(check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal,check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
1. Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition—assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface(GS)in the assessment area and vegetation structure(VS)in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable(see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable,then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
❑A ®A Not severely altered
❑B ❑B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area(ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks,excessive
sedimentation, fire-plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance,herbicides,salt intrusion[where appropriate],exotic species,grazing,less
diversity[if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
2. Surface and Sub-Surface Storage Capacity and Duration—assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration(Surf)and sub-surface storage capacity and duration(Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <_ 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only,while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub-surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime,if applicable.
Surf Sub
®A ®A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
❑B ❑B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially(typically,not sufficient to change vegetation).
❑C ❑C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples:draining,flooding,soil compaction,filling,excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
3. Water Storage/Surface Relief—assessment area/wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area(AA)and the wetland type(WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water> 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
❑C ❑C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
®D ❑D Depressions able to pond water<3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
®B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
❑C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure—assessment area condition metric(skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
▪ Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features(concentrations, depletions,or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ❑A Soil ribbon< 1 inch
Soil ribbon>_1 inch
4c. ❑A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
5. Discharge into Wetland—opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges(Surf)and sub-surface pollutants or discharges(Sub). Examples
of sub-surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank,underground storage tank(UST),etc.
Surf Sub
®A ®A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
❑B ❑B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges(pathogen, particulate,or soluble)entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation,excessive
sedimentation, odor)
6. Land Use—opportunity metric(skip for non-riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply(at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS),within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10%impervious surfaces
❑B ❑B ❑B Confined animal operations(or other local,concentrated source of pollutants
❑C ❑C ®C >_20%coverage of pasture
❑D ❑D ❑D >_20%coverage of agricultural land(regularly plowed land)
❑E ❑E ❑E >_20%coverage of maintained grass/herb
OF OF OF >_20%coverage of clear-cut land
❑G LIG LIG Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer—assessment area/wetland complex condition metric(skip for non-riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
®Yes ❑No If Yes,continue to 7b. If No,skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
❑A >_50 feet
❑B From 30 to<50 feet
❑C From 15 to<30 feet
®D From 5 to< 15 feet
❑E <5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed,combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
®<_ 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water(no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
❑Yes No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
®Sheltered—adjacent open water with width <2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed—adjacent open water with width>_2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area—wetland type/wetland complex condition metric(evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area(WT)and
the wetland complex at the assessment area(WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
❑B ❑B From 80 to< 100 feet
❑C ❑C From 50 to<80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to<50 feet
❑E ❑E From 30 to<40 feet
❑F OF From 15 to<30 feet
LIG ZG From 5 to< 15 feet
❑H ❑H <5 feet

9. Inundation Duration—assessment area condition metric(skip for non-riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
❑A Evidence of short-duration inundation(<7 consecutive days)
❑B Evidence of saturation,without evidence of inundation
Evidence of long-duration inundation or very long-duration inundation(7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition—assessment area condition metric(skip for non-riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only(no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size—wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut,select"K"for the FW column.
WT WC FW(if applicable)
❑A ❑A ❑A >_500 acres
❑B ❑B ❑B From 100 to<500 acres
❑C ❑C ❑C From 50 to< 100 acres
❑D ❑D ❑D From 25 to<50 acres
❑E ❑E ❑E From 10 to<25 acres
❑F ❑F ❑F From 5 to< 10 acres
LIG LIG LIG From 1 to<5 acres
❑H ❑H ❑H From 0.5 to< 1 acre
❑I ❑I ❑I From 0.1 to<0.5 acre
®J ®J ®J From 0.01 to<0.1 acre
❑K ❑K ❑K <0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness—wetland type condition metric(evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent(>90%)of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is<90%of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas—landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely)to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water(if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four-lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four-lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water> 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A ❑A >_500 acres
❑B ❑B From 100 to<500 acres
❑C ❑C From 50 to< 100 acres
❑D ®D From 10 to<50 acres
❑E ❑E < 10 acres
❑F ❑F Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
['Yes ❑No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect—wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non-forested areas>_40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear-cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option"C."
❑A 0
▪ 1 to
❑C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition—assessment area condition metric(skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species,with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
❑B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant,over a large portion of the expected strata.
❑C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non-
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity—assessment area condition metric(evaluate for Non-tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species(< 10%cover of exotics).
®B Vegetation diversity is low or has> 10%to 50%cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species(>50%cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure—assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes,continue to 17b. If No,skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non-marsh wetlands.
❑A >_25%coverage of vegetation
❑B <25%coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non-marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA)and the wetland type(WT)separately.
AA WT
o❑A ❑A Canopy closed,or nearly closed,with natural gaps associated with natural processes
m ®B ®B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U ❑C ❑C Canopy sparse or absent
g❑A ❑A Dense mid-story/sapling layer
❑B ❑B Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
2 ❑C ❑C Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
-0❑A ❑A Dense shrub layer
s ❑B ❑B Moderate density shrub layer
®C ®C Shrub layer sparse or absent
❑A ❑A Dense herb layer
_ ®B ®B Moderate density herb layer
❑C ❑C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags—wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags(more than one)are visible(> 12 inches DBH,or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B NotA
19. Diameter Class Distribution—wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems>6 inches in diameter at breast height(DBH); many large trees(> 12 inches DBH)are
present.
❑B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH,few are> 12 inch DBH.
®C Majority of canopy trees are<6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris—wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man-placed natural debris.
❑A Large logs(more than one)are visible(> 12 inches in diameter,or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B NotA
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion—wetland type/open water condition metric(evaluate for Non-Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas,while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ,r ❑D
,,,,,,:. ..,_.,--7.,..4),,...z: . I
" ,. tyf l.-y� y "j' � -il "d+1_,Psi v.k
22. Hydrologic Connectivity—assessment area condition metric(evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching,fill,sedimentation,channelization,diversion,
man-made berms,beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C,or D.
❑A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
❑B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes
Oxbox wetland that holds standing water for longer periods;outlets to stream on either end.

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Wetland B Date of Assessment 7/14/2020
Wetland Type Headwater Forest Assessor Name/Organization Amy James/EPR
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N) YES
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) NO
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N) NO
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N) YES
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N) NO
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N) NO
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N) NO
Sub-function Rati_Summary
Function Sub-function Metrics Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention Condition MEDIUM
Sub-surface Storage and
Retention Condition MEDIUM
Water Quality Pathogen Change Condition LOW
Condition/Opportunity MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) YES
Particulate Change Condition HIGH
Condition/Opportunity NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) NA
Soluble Change Condition HIGH
Condition/Opportunity HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) YES
Physical Change Condition LOW
Condition/Opportunity LOW
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) YES
Pollution Change Condition NA
Condition/Opportunity NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) NA
Habitat Physical Structure Condition LOW
Landscape Patch Structure Condition LOW
Vegetation Composition Condition LOW
Function Rating Summary
Function Metrics Rating
Hydrology Condition MEDIUM
Water Quality Condition MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) YES
Habitat Condition LOW
Overall Wetland Rating MEDIUM

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
USACE AID# NCDWR#
Project Name Starker Mitigation Bank Date of Evaluation 7/14/2020
Applicant/Owner Name WLS/Hunsucker Farms LLC Wetland Site Name Wetland C
Wetland Type Headwater Forest Assessor Name/Organization Amy James/EPR
Level III Ecoregion Piedmont Nearest Named Water Body Mull Creek
River Basin Catawba USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit 03050101
County Catawba NCDWR Region Mooresville
❑ Yes ® No Precipitation within 48 hrs? Latitude/Longitude(deci-degrees) 35.724229, -81.173741
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area(may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past(for instance,within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications(examples: ditches,dams, beaver dams,dikes, berms,ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub-surface discharges into the wetland(examples:discharges containing obvious pollutants,presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks(USTs), hog lagoons,etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress(examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage,disease,storm damage,salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration(examples: mowing,clear-cutting,exotics,etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ❑ Yes ❑ No
Regulatory Considerations-Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ❑Yes No If Yes,check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
❑ NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area(PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)(including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW,ORW,or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any?(check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal,check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
1. Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition—assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface(GS)in the assessment area and vegetation structure(VS)in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable(see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable,then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
❑A ❑A Not severely altered
®B ®B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area(ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks,excessive
sedimentation, fire-plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance,herbicides,salt intrusion[where appropriate],exotic species,grazing,less
diversity[if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
2. Surface and Sub-Surface Storage Capacity and Duration—assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration(Surf)and sub-surface storage capacity and duration(Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <_ 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only,while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub-surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime,if applicable.
Surf Sub
®A ®A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
❑B ❑B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially(typically,not sufficient to change vegetation).
❑C ❑C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples:draining,flooding,soil compaction,filling,excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
3. Water Storage/Surface Relief—assessment area/wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area(AA)and the wetland type(WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water> 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
❑C ❑C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
®D ❑D Depressions able to pond water<3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
❑B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
®C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure—assessment area condition metric(skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
▪ Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features(concentrations, depletions,or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ❑A Soil ribbon< 1 inch
Soil ribbon>_1 inch
4c. ❑A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
5. Discharge into Wetland—opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges(Surf)and sub-surface pollutants or discharges(Sub). Examples
of sub-surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank,underground storage tank(UST),etc.
Surf Sub
®A ®A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
❑B ❑B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges(pathogen, particulate,or soluble)entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation,excessive
sedimentation, odor)
6. Land Use—opportunity metric(skip for non-riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply(at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS),within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10%impervious surfaces
❑B ❑B ❑B Confined animal operations(or other local,concentrated source of pollutants
®C ❑C ®C >_20%coverage of pasture
❑D ❑D ❑D >_20%coverage of agricultural land(regularly plowed land)
❑E ❑E ❑E >_20%coverage of maintained grass/herb
OF OF OF >_20%coverage of clear-cut land
❑G LIG LIG Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer—assessment area/wetland complex condition metric(skip for non-riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
®Yes ❑No If Yes,continue to 7b. If No,skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
❑A >_50 feet
❑B From 30 to<50 feet
®C From 15 to<30 feet
❑D From 5 to< 15 feet
❑E <5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed,combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
®<_ 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water(no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
❑Yes No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
®Sheltered—adjacent open water with width <2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed—adjacent open water with width>_2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area—wetland type/wetland complex condition metric(evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area(WT)and
the wetland complex at the assessment area(WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
❑B ❑B From 80 to< 100 feet
❑C ❑C From 50 to<80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to<50 feet
❑E ❑E From 30 to<40 feet
❑F ®F From 15 to<30 feet
LIG LIG From 5 to< 15 feet
❑H ❑H <5 feet

9. Inundation Duration—assessment area condition metric(skip for non-riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
®A Evidence of short-duration inundation(<7 consecutive days)
❑B Evidence of saturation,without evidence of inundation
❑C Evidence of long-duration inundation or very long-duration inundation(7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition—assessment area condition metric(skip for non-riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only(no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size—wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut,select"K"for the FW column.
WT WC FW(if applicable)
❑A ❑A ❑A >_500 acres
❑B ❑B ❑B From 100 to<500 acres
❑C ❑C ❑C From 50 to< 100 acres
❑D ❑D ❑D From 25 to<50 acres
❑E ❑E ❑E From 10 to<25 acres
❑F ❑F ❑F From 5 to< 10 acres
LIG LIG LIG From 1 to<5 acres
❑H ❑H ❑H From 0.5 to< 1 acre
❑I ❑I ❑I From 0.1 to<0.5 acre
®J ®J ®J From 0.01 to<0.1 acre
❑K ❑K ❑K <0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness—wetland type condition metric(evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent(>_90%)of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is<90%of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas—landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely)to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water(if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four-lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four-lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water> 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A ❑A >_500 acres
❑B ❑B From 100 to<500 acres
❑C ❑C From 50 to< 100 acres
❑D ®D From 10 to<50 acres
❑E ❑E < 10 acres
❑F ❑F Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
['Yes ❑No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect—wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non-forested areas>_40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear-cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option"C."
❑A 0
❑B 1 to
❑C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition—assessment area condition metric(skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species,with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
❑B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant,over a large portion of the expected strata.
❑C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non-
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity—assessment area condition metric(evaluate for Non-tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species(< 10%cover of exotics).
®B Vegetation diversity is low or has> 10%to 50%cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species(>50%cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure—assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes,continue to 17b. If No,skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non-marsh wetlands.
❑A >_25%coverage of vegetation
❑B <25%coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non-marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA)and the wetland type(WT)separately.
AA WT
o❑A ❑A Canopy closed,or nearly closed,with natural gaps associated with natural processes
m ®B ®B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U ❑C ❑C Canopy sparse or absent
g❑A ❑A Dense mid-story/sapling layer
❑B ❑B Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
2 ❑C ❑C Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
-0❑A ❑A Dense shrub layer
s ❑B ❑B Moderate density shrub layer
®C ®C Shrub layer sparse or absent
_❑A ❑A Dense herb layer
_ ❑B ❑B Moderate density herb layer
❑C ❑C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags—wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags(more than one)are visible(> 12 inches DBH,or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B NotA
19. Diameter Class Distribution—wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems>6 inches in diameter at breast height(DBH); many large trees(> 12 inches DBH)are
present.
®B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH,few are> 12 inch DBH.
❑C Majority of canopy trees are<6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris—wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man-placed natural debris.
❑A Large logs(more than one)are visible(> 12 inches in diameter,or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B NotA
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion—wetland type/open water condition metric(evaluate for Non-Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas,while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ❑D
g 4."� ^�° 4�. x h b ..of 1)
"5r 1.A !sit S
`�a -�, I�',.-� ��pi 3 p� n
22. Hydrologic Connectivity—assessment area condition metric(evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching,fill,sedimentation,channelization,diversion,
man-made berms,beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C,or D.
❑A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
❑B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Wetland C Date of Assessment 7/14/2020
Wetland Type Headwater Forest Assessor Name/Organization Amy James/EPR
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N) NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) NO
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N) NO
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N) YES
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N) NO
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N) NO
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N) NO
Sub-function Rating Summary
Function Sub-function Metrics Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention Condition MEDIUM
Sub-surface Storage and
Retention Condition MEDIUM
Water Quality Pathogen Change Condition HIGH
Condition/Opportunity HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) YES
Particulate Change Condition HIGH
Condition/Opportunity NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) NA
Soluble Change Condition HIGH
Condition/Opportunity HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) YES
Physical Change Condition MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) YES
Pollution Change Condition NA
Condition/Opportunity NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) NA
Habitat Physical Structure Condition LOW
Landscape Patch Structure Condition LOW
Vegetation Composition Condition LOW
Function Rating Summary
Function Metrics Rating
Hydrology Condition MEDIUM
Water Quality Condition HIGH
Condition/Opportunity HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) YES
Habitat Condition LOW
Overall Wetland Rating MEDIUM

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
USACE AID# NCDWR#
Project Name Starker Mitigation Bank Date of Evaluation 7/14/2020
Applicant/Owner Name WLS/Hunsucker Farms LLC Wetland Site Name Wetland D
Wetland Type Headwater Forest Assessor Name/Organization Amy James/EPR
Level III Ecoregion Piedmont Nearest Named Water Body Mull Creek
River Basin Catawba USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit 03050101
County Catawba NCDWR Region Mooresville
❑ Yes ® No Precipitation within 48 hrs? Latitude/Longitude(deci-degrees) 35.724193, -81.173371
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area(may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past(for instance,within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications(examples: ditches,dams, beaver dams,dikes, berms,ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub-surface discharges into the wetland(examples:discharges containing obvious pollutants,presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks(USTs), hog lagoons,etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress(examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage,disease,storm damage,salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration(examples: mowing,clear-cutting,exotics,etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ❑ Yes ❑ No
Regulatory Considerations-Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ❑Yes No If Yes,check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
❑ NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area(PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)(including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW,ORW,or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any?(check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal,check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
1. Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition—assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface(GS)in the assessment area and vegetation structure(VS)in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable(see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable,then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
❑A ❑A Not severely altered
®B ®B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area(ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks,excessive
sedimentation, fire-plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance,herbicides,salt intrusion[where appropriate],exotic species,grazing,less
diversity[if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
2. Surface and Sub-Surface Storage Capacity and Duration—assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration(Surf)and sub-surface storage capacity and duration(Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <_ 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only,while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub-surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime,if applicable.
Surf Sub
®A ®A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
❑B ❑B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially(typically,not sufficient to change vegetation).
❑C ❑C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples:draining,flooding,soil compaction,filling,excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
3. Water Storage/Surface Relief—assessment area/wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area(AA)and the wetland type(WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water> 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
❑C ❑C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
®D ❑D Depressions able to pond water<3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
❑B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
®C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure—assessment area condition metric(skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
▪ Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features(concentrations, depletions,or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ❑A Soil ribbon< 1 inch
Soil ribbon>_1 inch
4c. ❑A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
5. Discharge into Wetland—opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges(Surf)and sub-surface pollutants or discharges(Sub). Examples
of sub-surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank,underground storage tank(UST),etc.
Surf Sub
®A ®A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
❑B ❑B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges(pathogen, particulate,or soluble)entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation,excessive
sedimentation, odor)
6. Land Use—opportunity metric(skip for non-riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply(at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS),within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10%impervious surfaces
❑B ❑B ❑B Confined animal operations(or other local,concentrated source of pollutants
®C ❑C ®C >_20%coverage of pasture
❑D ❑D ❑D >_20%coverage of agricultural land(regularly plowed land)
❑E ❑E ❑E >_20%coverage of maintained grass/herb
OF OF OF >_20%coverage of clear-cut land
❑G ❑G ❑G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer—assessment area/wetland complex condition metric(skip for non-riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
®Yes ❑No If Yes,continue to 7b. If No,skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
❑A >_50 feet
®B From 30 to<50 feet
❑C From 15 to<30 feet
❑D From 5 to< 15 feet
❑E <5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed,combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
®<_ 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water(no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
❑Yes No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
®Sheltered—adjacent open water with width <2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed—adjacent open water with width>_2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area—wetland type/wetland complex condition metric(evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area(WT)and
the wetland complex at the assessment area(WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
❑B ❑B From 80 to< 100 feet
❑C ❑C From 50 to<80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to<50 feet
❑E EE From 30 to<40 feet
❑F OF From 15 to<30 feet
LIG LIG From 5 to< 15 feet
❑H ❑H <5 feet

9. Inundation Duration—assessment area condition metric(skip for non-riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
®A Evidence of short-duration inundation(<7 consecutive days)
❑B Evidence of saturation,without evidence of inundation
❑C Evidence of long-duration inundation or very long-duration inundation(7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition—assessment area condition metric(skip for non-riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only(no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size—wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut,select"K"for the FW column.
WT WC FW(if applicable)
❑A ❑A ❑A >_500 acres
❑B ❑B ❑B From 100 to<500 acres
❑C ❑C ❑C From 50 to< 100 acres
❑D ❑D ❑D From 25 to<50 acres
❑E ❑E ❑E From 10 to<25 acres
OF OF OF From 5 to< 10 acres
❑G ❑G ❑G From 1 to<5 acres
❑H ❑H ❑H From 0.5 to< 1 acre
❑I ❑I ❑I From 0.1 to<0.5 acre
®J ®J ❑J From 0.01 to<0.1 acre
❑K ❑K ®K <0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness—wetland type condition metric(evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent(>90%)of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is<90%of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas—landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely)to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water(if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four-lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four-lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water> 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A ❑A >_500 acres
❑B ❑B From 100 to<500 acres
❑C ❑C From 50 to< 100 acres
❑D ®D From 10 to<50 acres
❑E ❑E < 10 acres
❑F ❑F Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
['Yes ❑No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect—wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non-forested areas>_40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear-cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option"C."
❑A 0
❑B 1 to
❑C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition—assessment area condition metric(skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species,with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
❑B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant,over a large portion of the expected strata.
❑C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non-
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity—assessment area condition metric(evaluate for Non-tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species(< 10%cover of exotics).
®B Vegetation diversity is low or has> 10%to 50%cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species(>50%cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure—assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
®Yes ❑No If Yes,continue to 17b. If No,skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non-marsh wetlands.
❑A >_25%coverage of vegetation
❑B <25%coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non-marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA)and the wetland type(WT)separately.
AA WT
o❑A ❑A Canopy closed,or nearly closed,with natural gaps associated with natural processes
m ❑B ❑B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U ®C ®C Canopy sparse or absent
g❑A ❑A Dense mid-story/sapling layer
❑B ❑B Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
2 ❑C ❑C Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
-0❑A ❑A Dense shrub layer
s ❑B ❑B Moderate density shrub layer
®C ®C Shrub layer sparse or absent
❑A ❑A Dense herb layer
_ ®B ®B Moderate density herb layer
❑C ❑C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags—wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags(more than one)are visible(> 12 inches DBH,or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B NotA
19. Diameter Class Distribution—wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems>6 inches in diameter at breast height(DBH); many large trees(> 12 inches DBH)are
present.
®B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH,few are> 12 inch DBH.
❑C Majority of canopy trees are<6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris—wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man-placed natural debris.
❑A Large logs(more than one)are visible(> 12 inches in diameter,or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B NotA
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion—wetland type/open water condition metric(evaluate for Non-Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas,while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ❑D
4.g "� ^�° 4�. x. h b ..of "5r .A !sit S
)t
`�a -�, I�',.-� ��pi 3 p� n
22. Hydrologic Connectivity—assessment area condition metric(evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching,fill,sedimentation,channelization,diversion,
man-made berms,beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C,or D.
❑A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
❑B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Wetland D Date of Assessment 7/14/2020
Wetland Type Headwater Forest Assessor Name/Organization Amy James/EPR
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N) NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) NO
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N) NO
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N) YES
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N) NO
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N) NO
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N) NO
Sub-function Rating Summary
Function Sub-function Metrics Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention Condition LOW
Sub-surface Storage and
Retention Condition MEDIUM
Water Quality Pathogen Change Condition HIGH
Condition/Opportunity HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) YES
Particulate Change Condition LOW
Condition/Opportunity NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) NA
Soluble Change Condition HIGH
Condition/Opportunity HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) YES
Physical Change Condition MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) YES
Pollution Change Condition NA
Condition/Opportunity NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) NA
Habitat Physical Structure Condition LOW
Landscape Patch Structure Condition LOW
Vegetation Composition Condition LOW
Function Rating Summary
Function Metrics Rating
Hydrology Condition LOW
Water Quality Condition HIGH
Condition/Opportunity HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) YES
Habitat Condition LOW
Overall Wetland Rating LOW

NC WAM FIELD ASSESSMENT FORM
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
USACE AID# NCDWR#
Project Name Starker Mitigation Bank Date of Evaluation 7/14/2020
Applicant/Owner Name WLS/Hunsucker Farms LLC Wetland Site Name Wetland E
Wetland Type Headwater Forest Assessor Name/Organization Amy James/EPR
Level III Ecoregion Piedmont Nearest Named Water Body Mull Creek
River Basin Catawba USGS 8-Digit Catalogue Unit 03050101
County Catawba NCDWR Region Mooresville
❑ Yes ® No Precipitation within 48 hrs? Latitude/Longitude(deci-degrees) 35.722391, -81.178292
Evidence of stressors affecting the assessment area(may not be within the assessment area)
Please circle and/or make note on the last page if evidence of stressors is apparent. Consider departure from reference, if appropriate, in
recent past(for instance,within 10 years). Noteworthy stressors include, but are not limited to the following.
• Hydrological modifications(examples: ditches, dams,beaver dams,dikes, berms,ponds, etc.)
• Surface and sub-surface discharges into the wetland(examples:discharges containing obvious pollutants,presence of nearby septic
tanks, underground storage tanks(USTs), hog lagoons,etc.)
• Signs of vegetation stress(examples: vegetation mortality, insect damage,disease,storm damage,salt intrusion, etc.)
• Habitat/plant community alteration(examples: mowing, clear-cutting,exotics,etc.)
Is the assessment area intensively managed? ❑ Yes ❑ No
Regulatory Considerations-Were regulatory considerations evaluated? ❑Yes No If Yes,check all that apply to the assessment area.
❑ Anadromous fish
❑ Federally protected species or State endangered or threatened species
❑ NCDWR riparian buffer rule in effect
❑ Abuts a Primary Nursery Area(PNA)
❑ Publicly owned property
❑ N.C. Division of Coastal Management Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)(including buffer)
❑ Abuts a stream with a NCDWQ classification of SA or supplemental classifications of HQW,ORW,or Trout
❑ Designated NCNHP reference community
❑ Abuts a 303(d)-listed stream or a tributary to a 303(d)-listed stream
What type of natural stream is associated with the wetland, if any?(check all that apply)
❑ Blackwater
® Brownwater
❑ Tidal (if tidal,check one of the following boxes) ❑ Lunar ❑ Wind ❑ Both
Is the assessment area on a coastal island? ❑ Yes ® No
Is the assessment area's surface water storage capacity or duration substantially altered by beaver? ❑ Yes ® No
Does the assessment area experience overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions? ❑ Yes ® No
1. Ground Surface Condition/Vegetation Condition—assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider alteration to the ground surface(GS)in the assessment area and vegetation structure(VS)in the
assessment area. Compare to reference wetland if applicable(see User Manual). If a reference is not applicable,then rate the assessment
area based on evidence an effect.
GS VS
❑A ®A Not severely altered
❑B ❑B Severely altered over a majority of the assessment area(ground surface alteration examples: vehicle tracks,excessive
sedimentation, fire-plow lanes, skidder tracks, bedding, fill, soil compaction, obvious pollutants) (vegetation structure
alteration examples: mechanical disturbance,herbicides,salt intrusion[where appropriate],exotic species,grazing,less
diversity[if appropriate], hydrologic alteration)
2. Surface and Sub-Surface Storage Capacity and Duration—assessment area condition metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface storage capacity and duration(Surf)and sub-surface storage capacity and duration(Sub).
Consider both increase and decrease in hydrology. A ditch <_ 1 foot deep is considered to affect surface water only,while a ditch > 1 foot
deep is expected to affect both surface and sub-surface water. Consider tidal flooding regime,if applicable.
Surf Sub
®A ®A Water storage capacity and duration are not altered.
❑B ❑B Water storage capacity or duration are altered, but not substantially(typically,not sufficient to change vegetation).
❑C ❑C Water storage capacity or duration are substantially altered (typically, alteration sufficient to result in vegetation change)
(examples:draining,flooding,soil compaction,filling,excessive sedimentation, underground utility lines).
3. Water Storage/Surface Relief—assessment area/wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes)
Check a box in each column. Select the appropriate storage for the assessment area(AA)and the wetland type(WT).
AA WT
3a. ❑A ❑A Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water> 1 deep
❑B ❑B Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 6 inches to 1 foot deep
❑C ❑C Majority of wetland with depressions able to pond water 3 to 6 inches deep
®D ❑D Depressions able to pond water<3 inches deep
3b. ❑A Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is greater than 2 feet
❑B Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is between 1 and 2 feet
®C Evidence that maximum depth of inundation is less than 1 foot

4. Soil Texture/Structure—assessment area condition metric(skip for all marshes)
Check a box from each of the three soil property groups below. Dig soil profile in the dominant assessment area landscape feature.
Make soil observations within the top 12 inches. Use most recent National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils guidance for regional
indicators.
4a. ❑A Sandy soil
▪ Loamy or clayey soils exhibiting redoximorphic features(concentrations, depletions,or rhizospheres)
❑C Loamy or clayey soils not exhibiting redoximorphic features
❑D Loamy or clayey gleyed soil
❑E Histosol or histic epipedon
4b. ❑A Soil ribbon< 1 inch
Soil ribbon>_1 inch
4c. ❑A No peat or muck presence
❑B A peat or muck presence
5. Discharge into Wetland—opportunity metric
Check a box in each column. Consider surface pollutants or discharges(Surf)and sub-surface pollutants or discharges(Sub). Examples
of sub-surface discharges include presence of nearby septic tank,underground storage tank(UST),etc.
Surf Sub
®A Little or no evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the assessment area
❑B ❑B Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges entering the wetland and stressing, but not overwhelming the
treatment capacity of the assessment area
❑C ❑C Noticeable evidence of pollutants or discharges(pathogen, particulate,or soluble)entering the assessment area and
potentially overwhelming the treatment capacity of the wetland (water discoloration, dead vegetation,excessive
sedimentation, odor)
6. Land Use—opportunity metric(skip for non-riparian wetlands)
Check all that apply(at least one box in each column). Evaluation involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. Consider sources draining
to assessment area within entire upstream watershed (WS),within 5 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (5M),
and within 2 miles and within the watershed draining to the assessment area (2M).
WS 5M 2M
❑A ❑A ❑A > 10%impervious surfaces
❑B ❑B ❑B Confined animal operations(or other local,concentrated source of pollutants
❑C ❑C ®C >_20%coverage of pasture
20%coverage of agricultural land(regularly plowed land)
❑E ❑E ❑E >_20%coverage of maintained grass/herb
❑F OF OF >_20%coverage of clear-cut land
❑G ❑G ❑G Little or no opportunity to improve water quality. Lack of opportunity may result from little or no disturbance in
the watershed or hydrologic alterations that prevent drainage and/or overbank flow from affecting the
assessment area.
7. Wetland Acting as Vegetated Buffer—assessment area/wetland complex condition metric(skip for non-riparian wetlands)
7a. Is assessment area within 50 feet of a tributary or other open water?
®Yes ❑No If Yes,continue to 7b. If No,skip to Metric 8.
Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the water body. Make buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland.
Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.
7b. How much of the first 50 feet from the bank is wetland? (Wetland buffer need only be present on one side of the .water body. Make
buffer judgment based on the average width of wetland. Record a note if a portion of the buffer has been removed or disturbed.)
❑A >_50 feet
®B From 30 to<50 feet
❑C From 15 to<30 feet
❑D From 5 to< 15 feet
❑E <5 feet or buffer bypassed by ditches
7c. Tributary width. If the tributary is anastomosed,combine widths of channels/braids for a total width.
®<_ 15-feet wide ❑> 15-feet wide ❑ Other open water(no tributary present)
7d. Do roots of assessment area vegetation extend into the bank of the tributary/open water?
❑Yes No
7e. Is stream or other open water sheltered or exposed?
®Sheltered—adjacent open water with width <2500 feet and no regular boat traffic.
❑Exposed—adjacent open water with width>_2500 feet or regular boat traffic.
8. Wetland Width at the Assessment Area—wetland type/wetland complex condition metric(evaluate WT for all marshes and
Estuarine Woody Wetland only; evaluate WC for Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Headwater Forest, and Riverine Swamp Forest
only)
Check a box in each column for riverine wetlands only. Select the average width for the wetland type at the assessment area(WT)and
the wetland complex at the assessment area(WC). See User Manual for WT and WC boundaries.
WT WC
❑A ❑A >_ 100 feet
❑B ❑B From 80 to< 100 feet
❑C ❑C From 50 to<80 feet
❑D ❑D From 40 to<50 feet
❑E EE From 30 to<40 feet
O F OF From 15 to<30 feet
❑G ❑G From 5 to< 15 feet
❑H ❑H <5 feet

9. Inundation Duration—assessment area condition metric(skip for non-riparian wetlands)
Answer for assessment area dominant landform.
❑A Evidence of short-duration inundation(<7 consecutive days)
❑B Evidence of saturation,without evidence of inundation
❑C Evidence of long-duration inundation or very long-duration inundation(7 to 30 consecutive days or more)
10. Indicators of Deposition—assessment area condition metric(skip for non-riparian wetlands and all marshes)
Consider recent deposition only(no plant growth since deposition).
®A Sediment deposition is not excessive, but at approximately natural levels.
❑B Sediment deposition is excessive, but not overwhelming the wetland.
❑C Sediment deposition is excessive and is overwhelming the wetland.
11. Wetland Size—wetland type/wetland complex condition metric
Check a box in each column. Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric evaluates three aspects of the wetland area: the
size of the wetland type (WT), the size of the wetland complex (WC), and the size of the forested wetland (FW) (if applicable, see User
Manual). See the User Manual for boundaries of these evaluation areas. If assessment area is clear-cut,select"K"for the FW column.
WT WC FW(if applicable)
❑A ❑A ❑A >_500 acres
❑B ❑B ❑B From 100 to<500 acres
❑C ❑C ❑C From 50 to< 100 acres
❑D ❑D ❑D From 25 to<50 acres
❑E ❑E ❑E From 10 to<25 acres
O F OF OF From 5 to< 10 acres
❑G ❑G ❑G From 1 to<5 acres
❑H ❑H ❑H From 0.5 to< 1 acre
❑I ❑I ❑I From 0.1 to<0.5 acre
®J ®J ®J From 0.01 to<0.1 acre
❑K ❑K ❑K <0.01 acre or assessment area is clear-cut
12. Wetland Intactness—wetland type condition metric(evaluate for Pocosins only)
❑A Pocosin is the full extent(>90%)of its natural landscape size.
❑B Pocosin type is<90%of the full extent of its natural landscape size.
13. Connectivity to Other Natural Areas—landscape condition metric
13a. Check appropriate box(es) (a box may be checked in each column). Involves a GIS effort with field adjustment. This metric
evaluates whether the wetland is well connected (Well) and/or loosely connected (Loosely)to the landscape patch, the contiguous
naturally vegetated area and open water(if appropriate). Boundaries are formed by four-lane roads, regularly maintained utility line
corridors the width of a four-lane road or wider, urban landscapes, maintained fields (pasture and agriculture), or open water> 300
feet wide.
Well Loosely
❑A ❑A >_500 acres
❑B ❑B From 100 to<500 acres
❑C ❑C From 50 to< 100 acres
❑D ❑D From 10 to<50 acres
❑E EE < 10 acres
❑F ❑F Wetland type has a poor or no connection to other natural habitats
13b. Evaluate for marshes only.
['Yes ❑No Wetland type has a surface hydrology connection to open waters/stream or tidal wetlands.
14. Edge Effect—wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes and Estuarine Woody Wetland)
May involve a GIS effort with field adjustment. Estimate distance from wetland type boundary to artificial edges. Artificial edges include
non-forested areas>_40 feet wide such as fields, development, roads, regularly maintained utility line corridors, and clear-cuts. Consider
the eight main points of the compass. Artificial edge occurs within 150 feet in how many directions? If the assessment area is clear cut,
select option"C."
❑A 0
❑B 1 to
®C 5to8
15. Vegetative Composition—assessment area condition metric(skip for all marshes and Pine Flat)
❑A Vegetation is close to reference condition in species present and their proportions. Lower strata composed of appropriate
species,with exotic plants absent or sparse within the assessment area.
®B Vegetation is different from reference condition in species diversity or proportions, but still largely composed of native species
characteristic of the wetland type. This may include communities of weedy native species that develop after clearcutting or clearing.
It also includes communities with exotics present, but not dominant,over a large portion of the expected strata.
❑C Vegetation severely altered from reference in composition, or expected species are unnaturally absent (planted stands of non-
characteristic species or at least one stratum inappropriately composed of a single species), or exotic species are dominant in at
least one stratum.
16. Vegetative Diversity—assessment area condition metric(evaluate for Non-tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
❑A Vegetation diversity is high and is composed primarily of native species(< 10%cover of exotics).
• Vegetation diversity is low or has> 10%to 50%cover of exotics.
❑C Vegetation is dominated by exotic species(>50%cover of exotics).

17. Vegetative Structure—assessment area/wetland type condition metric
17a. Is vegetation present?
EYes ❑No If Yes,continue to 17b. If No,skip to Metric 18.
17b. Evaluate percent coverage of assessment area vegetation for all marshes only. Skip to 17c for non-marsh wetlands.
❑A >_25%coverage of vegetation
❑B <25%coverage of vegetation
17c. Check a box in each column for each stratum. Evaluate this portion of the metric for non-marsh wetlands. Consider
structure in airspace above the assessment area (AA)and the wetland type(WT)separately.
AA WT
o❑A ❑A Canopy closed,or nearly closed,with natural gaps associated with natural processes
m ®B ®B Canopy present, but opened more than natural gaps
U ❑C ❑C Canopy sparse or absent
g❑A ❑A Dense mid-story/sapling layer
0 ®B ®B Moderate density mid-story/sapling layer
2— ❑C ❑C Mid-story/sapling layer sparse or absent
-0❑A ❑A Dense shrub layer
s ❑B ❑B Moderate density shrub layer
C ®C Shrub layer sparse or absent
®A ®A Dense herb layer
_ ❑B ❑B Moderate density herb layer
❑C ❑C Herb layer sparse or absent
18. Snags—wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes)
❑A Large snags(more than one)are visible(> 12 inches DBH,or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B NotA
19. Diameter Class Distribution—wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes)
❑A Majority of canopy trees have stems>6 inches in diameter at breast height(DBH); many large trees(> 12 inches DBH)are
present.
❑B Majority of canopy trees have stems between 6 and 12 inches DBH,few are> 12 inch DBH.
Majority of canopy trees are<6 inches DBH or no trees.
20. Large Woody Debris—wetland type condition metric(skip for all marshes)
Include both natural debris and man-placed natural debris.
❑A Large logs(more than one)are visible(> 12 inches in diameter,or large relative to species present and landscape stability).
®B NotA
21. Vegetation/Open Water Dispersion—wetland type/open water condition metric(evaluate for Non-Tidal Freshwater Marsh only)
Select the figure that best describes the amount of interspersion between vegetation and open water in the growing season. Patterned
areas indicate vegetated areas,while solid white areas indicate open water.
❑A ❑B ❑C ,r ❑D
22. Hydrologic Connectivity—assessment area condition metric(evaluate for riparian wetlands and Salt/Brackish Marsh only)
Examples of activities that may severely alter hydrologic connectivity include intensive ditching,fill,sedimentation,channelization,diversion,
man-made berms,beaver dams, and stream incision. Documentation required if evaluated as B, C,or D.
❑A Overbank and overland flow are not severely altered in the assessment area.
❑B Overbank flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑C Overland flow is severely altered in the assessment area.
❑D Both overbank and overland flow are severely altered in the assessment area.
Notes

NC WAM Wetland Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 5.0
Wetland Site Name Wetland E Date of Assessment 7/14/2020
Wetland Type Headwater Forest Assessor Name/Organization Amy James/EPR
Notes on Field Assessment Form (Y/N) NO
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N) NO
Wetland is intensively managed (Y/N) NO
Assessment area is located within 50 feet of a natural tributary or other open water (Y/N) YES
Assessment area is substantially altered by beaver (Y/N) NO
Assessment area experiences overbank flooding during normal rainfall conditions (Y/N) NO
Assessment area is on a coastal island (Y/N) NO
Sub-function Rating Summary
Function Sub-function Metrics Rating
Hydrology Surface Storage and Retention Condition MEDIUM
Sub-surface Storage and
Retention Condition MEDIUM
Water Quality Pathogen Change Condition HIGH
Condition/Opportunity HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) YES
Particulate Change Condition HIGH
Condition/Opportunity NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) NA
Soluble Change Condition HIGH
Condition/Opportunity HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) YES
Physical Change Condition MEDIUM
Condition/Opportunity MEDIUM
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) YES
Pollution Change Condition NA
Condition/Opportunity NA
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) NA
Habitat Physical Structure Condition LOW
Landscape Patch Structure Condition LOW
Vegetation Composition Condition MEDIUM
Function Rating Summary
Function Metrics Rating
Hydrology Condition MEDIUM
Water Quality Condition HIGH
Condition/Opportunity HIGH
Opportunity Presence (Y/N) YES
Habitat Condition LOW
Overall Wetland Rating MEDIUM

Appendix F- WOTUS Information
WLS Catawba 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank
Starker Mitigation Site

SAW-2020-01540
U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS
WILMINGTON DISTRICT
Action Id. SAW-2020-01540 County: Catawba U.S.G.S.Quad:NC-Newton
NOTIFICATION OF JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION
Requestor: Water&Land Solutions,LLC
Catherine Manner
Address: 7721 Six Forks Road,Suite 130
Raleigh,NC 27615
Telephone Number: 919-614-5111
E-mail: catherine(a,waterlandsolutions.com
Size(acres) 30.3 Nearest Town Conover
Nearest Waterway Mull Creek River Basin Santee
USGS HUC 03050101 Coordinates Latitude: 35.72226
Longitude:-81.17203
Location description: The project area for the Starker Mitigation Site is located east if Banner Road,between Conover and
Claremont in Catawba County,North Carolina.The site is bisected by Interstate 40 between mile markers 133 and 135.
Indicate Which of the Following Apply:
A. Preliminary Determination
There appear to be waters,including wetlands on the above described project area/property,that may be subject to Section 404
of the Clean Water Act(CWA)(33 USC§ 1344)and/or Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act(RHA)(33 USC§403).The
waters,including wetlands have been delineated,and the delineation has been verified by the Corps to be sufficiently accurate
and reliable.The approximate boundaries of these waters are shown on the enclosed delineation map dated 8/20/2020,submitted
via email September 15,2022. Therefore this preliminary jurisdiction determination may be used in the permit evaluation
process,including determining compensatory mitigation.For purposes of computation of impacts,compensatory mitigation
requirements,and other resource protection measures,a permit decision made on the basis of a preliminary JD will treat all waters
and wetlands that would be affected in any way by the permitted activity on the site as if they are jurisdictional waters of the U.S.
This preliminary determination is not an appealable action under the Regulatory Program Administrative Appeal Process
(Reference 33 CFR Part 331).However,you may request an approved JD,which is an appealable action,by contacting the Corps
district for further instruction.
❑ There appear to be waters,including wetlands on the above described project area/property,that may be subject to Section 404
of the Clean Water Act(CWA)(33 USC§ 1344)and/or Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act(RHA)(33 USC§403).
However,since the waters,including wetlands have not been properly delineated,this preliminary jurisdiction determination
may not be used in the permit evaluation process. Without a verified wetland delineation,this preliminary determination is
merely an effective presumption of CWA/RHA jurisdiction over all of the waters,including wetlands at the project area,which
is not sufficiently accurate and reliable to support an enforceable permit decision.We recommend that you have the waters,
including wetlands on your project area/property delineated.As the Corps may not be able to accomplish this wetland
delineation in a timely manner,you may wish to obtain a consultant to conduct a delineation that can be verified by the Corps.
B. Approved Determination
❑ There are Navigable Waters of the United States within the above described project area/property subject to the permit
requirements of Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act(RHA)(33 USC §403)and Section 404 of the Clean Water Act
(CWA)(33 USC§ 1344). Unless there is a change in law or our published regulations,this determination may be relied upon for
a period not to exceed five years from the date of this notification.
❑ There are waters,including wetlandson the above described project area/property subject to the permit requirements of Section
404 of the Clean Water Act(CWA)(33 USC§ 1344). Unless there is a change in the law or our published regulations,this
determination may be relied upon for a period not to exceed five years from the date of this notification.
❑We recommend you have the waters,including wetlands on your project area/property delineated. As the Corps may not be
able to accomplish this wetland delineation in a timely manner,you may wish to obtain a consultant to conduct a delineation that
can be verified by the Corps.
❑The waters,including wetlands on your project area/property have been delineated and the delineation has been verified by
the Corps. The approximate boundaries of these waters are shown on the enclosed delineation map dated DATE.We strongly

SAW-2020-01540
suggest you have this delineation surveyed. Upon completion,this survey should be reviewed and verified by the Corps. Once
verified,this survey will provide an accurate depiction of all areas subject to CWA jurisdiction on your property which,provided
there is no change in the law or our published regulations,may be relied upon for a period not to exceed five years.
❑The waters,including wetlands have been delineated and surveyed and are accurately depicted on the plat signed by the
Corps Regulatory Official identified below onDATE.Unless there is a change in the law or our published regulations,this
determination may be relied upon for a period not to exceed five years from the date of this notification.
❑ There are no waters of the U.S.,to include wetlands,present on the above described project area/property which are subject to the
permit requirements of Section 404 of the Clean Water Act(33 USC 1344). Unless there is a change in the law or our published
regulations,this determination may be relied upon for a period not to exceed five years from the date of this notification.
❑ The property is located in one of the 20 Coastal Counties subject to regulation under the Coastal Area Management Act(CAMA).
You should contact the Division of Coastal Management in Morehead City,NC,at(252)808-2808 to determine their
requirements.
Placement of dredged or fill material within waters of the US,including wetlands,without a Department of the Army permit may
constitute a violation of Section 301 of the Clean Water Act(33 USC§ 1311). Placement of dredged or fill material,construction or
placement of structures,or work within navigable waters of the United States without a Department of the Army permit may
constitute a violation of Sections 9 and/or 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act(33 USC §401 and/or 403).If you have any questions
regarding this determination and/or the Corps regulatory program,please contact Steve Kichefski at 828-271-7980 ext.4234 or
steven.l.kichefski(a,usace.armv.mil.
C. Basis For Determination: See the preliminary jurisdictional determination form dated 03/12/2021.
D. Remarks: None.
E. Attention USDA Program Participants
This delineation/determination has been conducted to identify the limits of Corps' Clean Water Act jurisdiction for the particular site
identified in this request. The delineation/determination may not be valid for the wetland conservation provisions of the Food Security
Act of 1985. If you or your tenant are USDA Program participants,or anticipate participation in USDA programs,you should request
a certified wetland determination from the local office of the Natural Resources Conservation Service,prior to starting work.
F. Appeals Information (This information applies only to approved jurisdictional determinations as indicated in B.
above)
This correspondence constitutes an approved jurisdictional determination for the above described site. If you object to this
determination,you may request an administrative appeal under Corps regulations at 33 CFR Part 331. Enclosed you will find a
Notification of Appeal Process(NAP)fact sheet and request for appeal(RFA)form. If you request to appeal this determination you
must submit a completed RFA form to the following address:
US Army Corps of Engineers
South Atlantic Division
Attn: Phillip Shannin,Review Officer
60 Forsyth Street SW,Room 10M15
Atlanta,Georgia 30303-8801
In order for an RFA to be accepted by the Corps,the Corps must determine that it is complete,that it meets the criteria for appeal
under 33 CFR part 331.5,and that it has been received by the Division Office within 60 days of the date of the NAP. Should you
decide to submit an RFA form,it must be received at the above address by Not applicable.
**It is not necessary to submit an RFA form to the Division Office if you do not object to the determination in this correspondence.**
Digitally signed by Steve Kichefski
Steve Kichefski
Corps Regulatory Official: Date: 2021.03.12 18:46:49 -05'00'
Date of JD:03/12/2021 Expiration Date of JD:Not applicable
The Wilmington District is committed to providing the highest level of support to the public. To help us ensure we
continue to do so,please complete the Customer Satisfaction Survey located at
http://corpsmapu.usace.army.mil/cm_apex/f?p=136:4:0

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POTENTIAL JURISDICTIONAL FEATURES MAP ECOSYSTEM
Feet PLANNING&
OVERVIEW EPR RESTORATION
FIGURE 2 CATAWBA COUNTY, NC AUGUST 2020

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Feet POTENTIAL JURISDICTIONAL PLANNING&
FEATURES MAP EPR RESTORATION
FIGURE 2A CATAWBA COUNTY, NC AUGUST 2020

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FEATURES MAP EPR RESTORATION
FIGURE 2B CATAWBA COUNTY, NC AUGUST 2020

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PROJECT STREAMS d X° '�e ,, i r .'1
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0 100 200 ECOSYSTEM
Feet POTENTIAL JURISDICTIONAL PLANNING&
FEATURES MAP EPR RESTORATION
FIGURE 2C CATAWBA COUNTY, NC AUGUST 2020

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EPR RESTORATION
FIGURE 2D CATAWBA COUNTY, NC AUGUST 2020

NOTIFICATION OF ADMINISTRATIVE APPEAL OPTIONS AND PROCESS AND
REQUEST FOR APPEAL
Applicant: Water&Land Solutions,LLC,Catherine File Number: SAW-2020-01540 Date: 03/12/2021
Manner
Attached is: See Section below
❑ INITIAL PROFFERED PERMIT(Standard Permit or Letter of permission) A
❑ PROFFERED PERMIT(Standard Permit or Letter of permission) B
❑ PERMIT DENIAL C
❑ APPROVED JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION D
❑X PRELIMINARY JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION E
SECTION I-The following identifies your rights and options regarding an administrative appeal of the above decision.
Additional information may be found at or http://www.usace.army.mil/Missions/CivilWorks/RegulatoryProgramandPermits.aspx
or the Corps regulations at 33 CFR Part 331.
A: INITIAL PROFFERED PERMIT: You may accept or object to the permit.
• ACCEPT: If you received a Standard Permit,you may sign the permit document and return it to the district engineer for final
authorization. If you received a Letter of Permission(LOP),you may accept the LOP and your work is authorized. Your
signature on the Standard Permit or acceptance of the LOP means that you accept the permit in its entirety,and waive all
rights to appeal the permit,including its terms and conditions,and approved jurisdictional determinations associated with the
permit.
• OBJECT: If you object to the permit(Standard or LOP)because of certain terms and conditions therein,you may request
that the permit be modified accordingly.You must complete Section II of this form and return the form to the district
engineer. Your objections must be received by the district engineer within 60 days of the date of this notice,or you will
forfeit your right to appeal the permit in the future. Upon receipt of your letter,the district engineer will evaluate your
objections and may: (a)modify the permit to address all of your concerns, (b)modify the permit to address some of your
objections,or(c)not modify the permit having determined that the permit should be issued as previously written. After
evaluating your objections,the district engineer will send you a proffered permit for your reconsideration,as indicated in
Section B below.
B: PROFFERED PERMIT:You may accept or appeal the permit
• ACCEPT: If you received a Standard Permit,you may sign the permit document and return it to the district engineer for final
authorization. If you received a Letter of Permission(LOP),you may accept the LOP and your work is authorized. Your
signature on the Standard Permit or acceptance of the LOP means that you accept the permit in its entirety, and waive all
rights to appeal the permit,including its terms and conditions,and approved jurisdictional determinations associated with the
permit.
• APPEAL: If you choose to decline the proffered permit(Standard or LOP)because of certain terms and conditions therein,
you may appeal the declined permit under the Corps of Engineers Administrative Appeal Process by completing Section II of
this form and sending the form to the division engineer. This form must be received by the division engineer within 60 days
of the date of this notice.
C: PERMIT DENIAL: You may appeal the denial of a permit under the Corps of Engineers Administrative Appeal Process by
completing Section II of this form and sending the form to the division engineer. This form must be received by the division
engineer within 60 days of the date of this notice.
D: APPROVED JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION: You may accept or appeal the approved JD or provide new
information.
• ACCEPT: You do not need to notify the Corps to accept an approved JD. Failure to notify the Corps within 60 days of the
date of this notice,means that you accept the approved JD in its entirety,and waive all rights to appeal the approved JD.
• APPEAL: If you disagree with the approved JD,you may appeal the approved JD under the Corps of Engineers
Administrative Appeal Process by completing Section II of this form and sending the form to the district engineer. This form
must be received by the division engineer within 60 days of the date of this notice.

E: PRELIMINARY JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION: You do not need to respond to the Corps regarding the
preliminary JD. The Preliminary JD is not appealable. If you wish,you may request an approved JD(which may be appealed),
by contacting the Corps district for further instruction. Also you may provide new information for further consideration by the
Corps to reevaluate the JD.
IMr
SECTION II-REQUEST FOR APPEAL or OBJECTIONS TO AN INITIAL PROFFERED PERMIT
REASONS FOR APPEAL OR OBJECTIONS: (Describe your reasons for appealing the decision or your objections to an initial
proffered permit in clear concise statements. You may attach additional information to this form to clarify where your reasons or
objections are addressed in the administrative record.)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:The appeal is limited to a review of the administrative record,the Corps memorandum for the
record of the appeal conference or meeting,and any supplemental information that the review officer has determined is needed to
clarify the administrative record. Neither the appellant nor the Corps may add new information or analyses to the record.
However,you may provide additional information to clarify the location of information that is already in the administrative
record.
POINT OF CONTACT FOR QUESTIONS OR INFORMATION:
If you have questions regarding this decision and/or the If you only have questions regarding the appeal process you may
appeal process you may contact: also contact:
District Engineer,Wilmington Regulatory Division Mr. Phillip Shannin,Administrative Appeal Review Officer
Attn: Steve Kichefski CESAD-PDO
Asheville Regulatory Office U.S.Army Corps of Engineers, South Atlantic Division
U.S Army Corps of Engineers 60 Forsyth Street,Room 10M15
151 Patton Avenue,Room 208 Atlanta,Georgia 30303-8801
Asheville,North Carolina 28801 Phone: [phone]
RIGHT OF ENTRY: Your signature below grants the right of entry to Corps of Engineers personnel,and any government
consultants,to conduct investigations of the project site during the course of the appeal process. You will be provided a 15-day
notice of any site investigation,and will have the opportunity to participate in all site investi ations.
Date: Telephone number:
Signature of appellant or agent.
For appeals on Initial Proffered Permits send this form to:
District Engineer,Wilmington Regulatory Division,Attn: Steve Kichefski,69 Darlington Avenue,Wilmington,North Carolina
28403
For Permit denials,Proffered Permits and Approved Jurisdictional Determinations send this form to:
Division Engineer,Commander,U.S.Army Engineer Division,South Atlantic,Attn: Mr.Phillip Shannin,Administrative
Appeal Officer,CESAD-PDO,60 Forsyth Street,Room 10M15,Atlanta,Georgia 30303-8801
Phone: [phone]

PRELIMINARY JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION (PJD) FORM
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
A. REPORT COMPLETION DATE FOR PJD: 03/12/2021
B. NAME AND ADDRESS OF PERSON REQUESTING PJD: Water&Land Solutions,LLC,
Catherine Manner, 7721 Six Forks Road, Suite 130,Raleigh,NC 27615
C. DISTRICT OFFICE, FILE NAME, AND NUMBER: Wilmington District,WLS Catawba 01
UMB—Starker Mitigation Site, SAW-2020-01540
D. PROJECT LOCATION(S) AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION: The project area for the
Starker Mitigation Site is located east if Banner Road,between Conover and Claremont in Catawba
County,North Carolina. The site is bisected by Interstate 40 between mile markers 133 and 135.
(USE THE TABLE BELOW TO DOCUMENT MULTIPLE AQUATIC
RESOURCES AND/OR AQUATIC RESOURCES AT DIFFERENT SITES)
State:NC County: Catawba City: Conover
Center coordinates of site (lat/long in degree decimal format): Latitude: 35.72226 Longitude: -81.17203
Universal Transverse
Mercator:
Name of nearest waterbody:Mull Creek
E. REVIEW PERFORMED FOR SITE EVALUATION(CHECK ALL THAT APPLY):
®Office (Desk) Determination. Date: March 12,2021
®Field Determination. Date(s): September 30, 2020

TABLE OF AQUATIC RESOURCES INREVIEW AREA WHICH"MAY BE"SUBJECT TO
REGULATORY JURISDICTION.
Site Latitude Longitude I Estimated amount Type of aquatic Geographic authority
Number (decimal degrees) (decimal degrees) of aquatic resources(i.e., to which the aquatic
resources in review wetland vs.non- resource"may be"
area(acreage and wetland waters) subject(i.e.,Section 404
linear feet,if or Section 10/404)
applicable
S100 35.726936 -81.175431 5,418 linear ft. Non-wetland waters; Section 404
perennial stream
S200 35.722431 -81.178252 4,220 linear ft. Non-wetland waters; Section 404
perennial stream
S 101 35.718675 -81.167732 80 linear ft. Non-wetland waters; Section 404
intermittent stream
S102 35.726800 -81.175242 92 linear ft. Non-wetland waters; Section 404
intermittent stream
S103 35.727514 -81.175651 81 linear ft. Non-wetland waters; Section 404
intermittent stream
Wetland A 35.726300 -81.175047 1.2 acres Wetland Section 404
(WA)
Wetland B 35.724651 -81.173859 0.03 acre Wetland Section 404
(WB)
Wetland C 35.724229 -81.173741 0.03 acre Wetland Section 404
(WC)
Wetland D 35.724193 -81.173371 0.03 acre Wetland Section 404
(WD)
Wetland E 35.722391 -81.178292 0.04 acre Wetland Section 404
(WE)

1) The Corps of Engineers believes that there may be jurisdictional aquatic resources in the
review area, and the requestor of this PJD is hereby advised of his or her option to request
and obtain an approved JD (MD) for that review area based on an informed decision after
having discussed the various types of JDs and their characteristics and circumstances when
they may be appropriate.
2) In any circumstance where a permit applicant obtains an individual permit, or a Nationwide
General Permit(NWP) or other general permit verification requiring "pre-construction
notification" (PCN), or requests verification for a non-reporting NWP or other general permit,
and the permit applicant has not requested an AJD for the activity, the permit applicant is
hereby made aware that: (1)the permit applicant has elected to seek a permit authorization
based on a PJD,which does not make an official determination of jurisdictional aquatic
resources; (2)the applicant has the option to request an MD before accepting the terms and
conditions of the permit authorization, and that basing a permit authorization on an MD could
possibly result in less compensatory mitigation being required or different special conditions;
(3)the applicant has the right to request an individual permit rather than accepting the terms
and conditions of the NWP or other general permit authorization; (4) the applicant can accept
a permit authorization and thereby agree to comply with all the terms and conditions of that
permit, including whatever mitigation requirements the Corps has determined to be necessary;
(5)undertaking any activity in reliance upon the subject permit authorization without
requesting an MD constitutes the applicant's acceptance of the use of the PJD; (6) accepting a
permit authorization (e.g., signing a proffered individual permit) or undertaking any activity in
reliance on any form of Corps permit authorization based on a PJD constitutes agreement that
all aquatic resources in the review area affected in any way by that activity will be treated as
jurisdictional, and waives any challenge to such jurisdiction in any administrative or judicial
compliance or enforcement action, or in any administrative appeal or in any Federal court;
and(7)whether the applicant elects to use either an AJD or a PJD,the JD will be processed
as soon as practicable. Further, an AJD, a proffered individual permit (and all terms and
conditions contained therein), or individual permit denial can be administratively appealed
pursuant to 33 C.F.R. Part 331. If,during an administrative appeal, it becomes appropriate to
make an official determination whether geographic jurisdiction exists over aquatic resources
in the review area, or to provide an official delineation of jurisdictional aquatic resources in
the review area,the Corps will provide an AJD to accomplish that result, as soon as is
practicable. This PJD finds that there "may be"waters of the U.S. and/or that there "may be"
navigable waters of the U.S. on the subject review area, and identifies all aquatic features in
the review area that could be affected by the proposed activity, based on the following
information:

SUPPORTING DATA. Data reviewed for PJD(check all that apply)
Checked items should be included in subject file. Appropriately reference sources below where
indicated for all checked items:
®Maps, plans, plots or plat submitted by or on behalf of the PJD requestor:
Map:
®Data sheets prepared/submitted by or on behalf of the PJD requestor.
['Office concurs with data sheets/delineation report.
❑Office does not concur with data sheets/delineation report. Rationale:
❑ Data sheets prepared by the Corps:
❑ Corps navigable waters'study:
❑ U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas:
❑USGS NHD data.
❑USGS 8 and 12 digit HUC maps.
®U.S.Geological Survey map(s).Cite scale&quad name:Newton; 1:24,000
®Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Survey. Citation: Web Soil Survey
❑National wetlands inventory map(s). Cite name:
❑State/local wetland inventory map(s):
❑FEMA/FIRM maps:
❑ 100-year Floodplain Elevation is: (National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929)
❑Photographs: ❑Aerial (Name & Date):
or❑Other(Name&Date):
❑ Previous determination(s). File no. and date of response letter:
❑Other information(please specify):
IMPORTANT NOTE: The information recorded on this form has not necessarily been
verified by the Corps and should not be relied upon for later jurisdictional
determinations.
Steve Digitally signed by
Steve Kichefski
Kichefski Date:201.03.1
118:4736-0500?
Signature and date of Regulatory Signature and date of person
staff member completing PJD requesting PJD (REQUIRED,
unless obtaining the signature
is impracticable)1
1 Districts may establish timeframes for requester to return signed PJD forms. If the requester does not respond within the
established time frame, the district may presume concurrence and no additional follow up is necessary prior to fmalizing
an action.

Appendix G - Agency Correspondence
WLS Catawba 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank
Starker Mitigation Site
Initial Evaluation Letter
Meeting Minutes- NCIRT Draft Prospectus Site Meeting
United State Department of Interior-Species List and Review Comments
NCHPO Map
NC Department of Natural and Cultural Resources
NC Wildlife Resource Commission- Review Comments

Appendix G-Agency Correspondence
Page 24

Z3T O�
� E ;fifi d� DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
, WILMINGTON DISTRICT,CORPS OF ENGINEERS
151 PATTON AVENUE
1 ROOM 208
ASHEVILLE,NORTH CAROLINA 28801-5006
STATES OF
March 12, 2021
Regulatory Division
SUBJECT: Initial Evaluation of the proposed WLS Catawba 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank:
Starker Mitigation Site (SAW-2020-01540)
Water&Land Solutions, LLC
Attention: Mr. Adam V. McIntyre
[e-mail]
Dear Mr. McIntyre:
This letter is in regard to your prospectus document dated October 2020, for the proposed WLS
Catawba 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank including the Starker Mitigation Site. The proposal
consists of the establishment and operation of a commercial umbrella mitigation bank in the
Upper Catawba Watershed, Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) 03050101 of the Santee River Basin.
The Starker mitigation site is a 30.3-acre stream and wetland mitigation site located east of
Banner Road, between Conover and Claremont in Catawba County,North Carolina(35.7198, -
81.1742).
The Corps determined the prospectus was complete and issued a public notice (P/N# SAW-
2020-01540) on November 9, 2020. The purpose of this notice was to solicit the views of
interested State and Federal agencies and other parties either interested in or affected by the
proposed work. Attached are the comments received in response to the public notice from the
Cherokee Nation.
The Corps has considered the information provided in the prospectus document, comments
received in response to the public notice and information that was discussed during on-site
reviews conducted on September 30, 2020. The meeting minutes for field review are attached
and no additional revisions to the meeting minutes were provided by IRT members. We have
determined that the proposed umbrella mitigation bank appears to have the potential to restore
and enhance aquatic resources within the Upper Catawba Watershed, HUC 03050101 of the
Santee River Basin. Therefore,the bank sponsor may proceed with preparation of a draft
Umbrella Mitigation Banking Instrument(UMBI).
Please address all comments included in the attached memo with your draft UMBI submittal. If
you have questions concerning the path forward for the proposed mitigation bank, please do not
hesitate to contact me at 828-271-7980 x4234.

Sincerely,
Steve Digitally signed by Steve
Kichefski
Kichefski Date:2021.03.12 19:11:58
-05'00'
Steve Kichefski
Regulatory Project Manager
Digital Copies Furnished:
Todd Tugwell, USACE
Casey Haywood, USACE
Kim Browning, USACE
Erin Davis,NCDWR
Olivia Munzer,NCWRC
Travis Wilson,NCWRC
Todd Bowers, USEPA
Holland Youngman, USFWS
Renee Gledhill-Early,NCSHPO

Z3T
� E ;Ofifi�d. DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
,' 1, t6 WILMINGTON DISTRICT,CORPS OF ENGINEERS
a I 151 PATTON AVENUE
W R o h
� � '// ROOM 208
4;. ,�`4 ASHEVILLE,NORTH CAROLINA 28801-5006
STATES OF
CESAW-RG/Kichefski March 12, 2021
MEMORANDUM FOR RECORD
SUBJECT: Proposed WLS Catawba 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank(SAW-2020-01540) -
Comments Received in Response to the Public Notice and during the September 30, 2020 site
visit reflected in the October 1, 2020 Meeting Minutes
Project Name: WLS Catawba 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank, Catawba County,NC
Elizabeth Toombs, Cherokee Nation, December 9, 2020:
SEE ATTACHED COMMENTS
Olivia Munzer,NCWRC:
SEE ATTACHED MEETING MINUTES
Erin Davis,NCDWR:
SEE ATTACHED MEETING MINUTES
Steve Kichefski & Todd Tugwell,USACE, March 8, 2020
SEE ATTACHED MEETING MINUTES
Steve Kichefski
Regulatory Project Manager

+''ti�E�QxE£ Office of the Chief
���►.�k _ r 9O3 GWy9 Dt3P Chuck Hoskin Jr.
CHEROKEE NATION® Principal Chief
IN Bryan Warner
�j� 1� 11 e, P.O.Box 948•T.ihlcquah.OK 74-165-09-IN Deputy Pi-rneipal Chief
� 9] -453-5001 •ww%%•.chc3okcc.org'iiiiiiiiiiiii
December 9, 2020
Steven Kichefski
United States Army Corps of Engineers
Asheville Regulatory Field Office
151 Patton Avenue, Room 208
Asheville,NC 28801
Re: SAW-2020-01540, WLS Catawba 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank
Mr. Steven Kichefski:
The Cherokee Nation (Nation) is in receipt of your correspondence about SAW-2020-01540, and
appreciates the opportunity to provide comment upon this project. Please allow this letter to serve
as the Nation's interest in acting as a consulting party to this proposed project.
The Nation maintains databases and records of cultural, historic, and pre-historic resources in this
area. Our Historic Preservation Office reviewed this project, cross referenced the project's legal
description against our information, and found no instances where this project intersects or adjoins
such resources. Thus, the Nation does not foresee this project imparting impacts to Cherokee
cultural resources at this time.
However, the Nation requests that the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) halt all
project activities immediately and re-contact our Offices for further consultation if items of cultural
significance are discovered during the course of this project.
Additionally, the Nation requests that USACE conduct appropriate inquiries with other pertinent
Tribal and Historic Preservation Offices regarding historic and prehistoric resources not included
in the Nation's databases or records.
If you require additional information or have any questions,please contact me at your convenience.
Thank you for your time and attention to this matter.
Wado,
c(!!C 4-MR/C
Elizabeth Toombs, Tribal Historic Preservation Officer
Cherokee Nation Tribal Historic Preservation Office
[e-mail]
918.453.5389

WATER & LAND
SOLUTIONS
Meeting Minutes
Starker Mitigation Project
Subject: NCIRT Draft Prospectus Site Meeting
Date Prepared: October 1, 2020
Meeting Date and Time: September 30, 2020 @ 11:00 am
Meeting Location: On Site (Catawba County, NC)
Attendees: USACE:Todd Tugwell, Steve Kichefski (NCIRT)
NCDEQ DWR: Erin Davis (NCIRT)
NCWRC: Olivia Munzer(NCIRT)
EPR: Erin Bennett,Jake Byers, Amy James
WLS: Daniel Ingram, Catherine Manner
Recorded By: Catherine Manner
These meeting minutes document notes and discussion points from the North Carolina Interagency
Review Team (NCIRT) Draft Prospectus Site Meeting for the Starker Mitigation Project(Catawba Basin,CU
03050101). The project site is located in Catawba County, near Claremont, North Carolina. The meeting
began at 11:00am with a general summary of the overall project concepts. After the site overview,
attendees toured the project site to review existing conditions and proposed mitigation types, restoration
approaches, and design concepts. In general, the project site review notes are presented below in the
order they were visited.
Group started on the south side of Interstate 40
S100(End of Reach)
• Meeting started at the bottom end of S100 at the crossing.
• Discussed how the culvert would be an agricultural culvert. Steve noted that at the permitting
stage to make it clear that is an agriculture crossing.
• IRT noted a lot of Black Walnut species and to avoid planting that species, and remove existing
black walnut as needed (do not avoid).
• WLS stated that we were unsure of continuing the project past the crossing,Todd was concerned
that if we didn't it might cause stability issues upstream.
waterlandsolutions.com I 7721 Six Forks Rd, Ste 1130, Raleigh, NC 27615 I 919-614-5111

4
WATER & LAND
SOLUTIONS
• Restoration design approach was thought to be the correct approach for the reach.
S101
• Group walked up to S101.
• Steve/Daniel walked up to the origin point.Origin point was located at the end of the conservation
easement for that section.
• Discussion on how the elevation of the channel needs to be brought up correctly to connect into
S100 and intermittent stream flow might be affected
• Group agreed on the restoration approach.
S100(Below Interstate-40)
• Group drove to the culvert output below Interstate-40 and hiked down the hill to the stream.
• Discussed restoration approach and raising the bed to match culvert elevation.Talked about how
even with raising the streambed elevation not much aquatic passage would result because of how
long the culvert is under the interstate.
S200 (above crossing)
• Group drove across field to S200 and walked from the crossing up to the culvert under Interstate
40.
• Daniel explained that enhancement II was proposed in the section between the culvert and the
crossing below.
• Group discussion on the amount of sediment that appeared to be moving through the channel as
well as the lack of vegetation on the banks which might lead to stability issues.
• Discussed that restoration could be proposed in this area if justified in the mitigation plan.
• Group walked down the stream below the culvert. Discussion on if restoration approach was used
above the crossing then the elevation could be set for the crossing culvert and the entire reach in
the design.
• Group continued to walk S200 below the crossing. Todd stated that there were some areas that
looked okay and others that were not, Erin Davis stated that the vegetation was not ideal.
• Group agreed that restoration was the best approach to the section below the crossing.
S200 (North of Interstate-40)
• Group drove to the north side of the project and started on S200.
• Walking downstream on S200 group discussed restoration approach and what elevation this
section would be brought up too.Todd suggested placing a bmp in areas where run off is coming
into the easement if possible.
S100 (North of Interstate-40)
• Group drove over to S100 and started at the wetland area. Erin Davis stated that rehabilitation
would be a good approach up until the wood line and then inside the wood line enhancement
would be a better approach.
• IRT suggested adding a wetland gage now in order to document existing conditions and
demonstrate functional lift.
• Erin Davis inquired about the target hydroperiod and WLS responded we would follow the current
2016 IRT guidance.
waterlandsolutions.com I 7721 Six Forks Rd, Ste 1130, Raleigh, NC 27615 I 919-614-5111

WATER & LAND
SOLUTIONS
S102
• Walked upstream to S102. Group looked at origin point.
• IRT stated that if the restoration approached was used that WLS would have to show that it was
still jurisdictional.
S103
• Group had similar concerns about S103 as they did with S102. WLS would have to show that it
was still a jurisdictional feature after the bed elevation is brought up.
Overall Notes
• Steve suggested starting the easement about 15-20ft off the ROW of the interstate in case of
future expansion. WLS/EPR will coordinate with NCDOT during design phase regarding culvert
capacity and extra ROW width.
• After seeing above and below the interstate the IRT thought that a restoration approach for the
section of S200 south of the interstate would be appropriate if clearly justified in the mitigation
plan.
• Erin Davis noted that WLS should clearly state what the target community is in the mitigation plan.
• Overall the IRT members agreed the project is suitable to provide compensatory mitigation,
provided it is properly justified in the mitigation plan.
• WLS will provide a "Final Prospectus" and table of adjacent owners for public notice.
The above minutes represents Water& Land Solutions' interpretation and understanding of the meeting
discussion and actions. If recipients of these minutes should find any information contained in these
minutes to be in error, incomplete, please notify the author with appropriate corrections and/or additions
within five (5) business days to allow adequate time for correction and redistribution.
waterlandsolutions.com I 7721 Six Forks Rd, Ste 1130, Raleigh, NC 27615 I 919-614-5111

4
WATER & LAND
SOLUTIONS
Meeting Minutes
Starker Mitigation Project
Subject: NCIRT Draft Prospectus Site Meeting
Date Prepared: October 1, 2020
Meeting Date and Time: September 30, 2020 @ 11:00 am
Meeting Location: On Site (Catawba County, NC)
Attendees: USACE:Todd Tugwell, Steve Kichefski (NCIRT)
NCDEQ DWR: Erin Davis (NCIRT)
NCWRC: Olivia Munzer(NCIRT)
EPR: Erin Bennett,Jake Byers,Amy James
WLS: Daniel Ingram, Catherine Manner
Recorded By: Catherine Manner
These meeting minutes document notes and discussion points from the North Carolina Interagency
Review Team (NCIRT) Draft Prospectus Site Meeting for the Starker Mitigation Project(Catawba Basin, CU
03050101). The project site is located in Catawba County, near Claremont, North Carolina. The meeting
began at 11:00am with a general summary of the overall project concepts. After the site overview,
attendees toured the project site to review existing conditions and proposed mitigation types, restoration
approaches, and design concepts. In general, the project site review notes are presented below in the
order they were visited.
Group started on the south side of Interstate 40
S100(End of Reach)
• Meeting started at the bottom end of S100 at the crossing.
• Discussed how the culvert would be an agricultural culvert. Steve noted that at the permitting
stage to make it clear that is an agriculture crossing.
• IRT noted a lot of Black Walnut species and to avoid planting that species, and remove existing
black walnut as needed (do not avoid).
• WLS stated that we were unsure of continuing the project past the crossing,Todd was concerned
that if we didn't it might cause stability issues upstream.
waterlandsolutions.com I 7721 Six Forks Rd, Ste 1130, Raleigh, NC 27615 I 919-614-5111

4
WATER & LAND
SOLUTIONS
• Restoration design approach was thought to be the correct approach for the reach.
S101
• Group walked up to S101.
• Steve/Daniel walked up to the origin point.Origin point was located at the end of the conservation
easement for that section.
• Discussion on how the elevation of the channel needs to be brought up correctly to connect into
S100 and intermittent stream flow might be affected
• Group agreed on the restoration approach.
S100(Below Interstate-40)
• Group drove to the culvert output below Interstate-40 and hiked down the hill to the stream.
• Discussed restoration approach and raising the bed to match culvert elevation.Talked about how
even with raising the streambed elevation not much aquatic passage would result because of how
long the culvert is under the interstate.
S200 (above crossing)
• Group drove across field to S200 and walked from the crossing up to the culvert under Interstate
40.
• Daniel explained that enhancement II was proposed in the section between the culvert and the
crossing below.
• Group discussion on the amount of sediment that appeared to be moving through the channel as
well as the lack of vegetation on the banks which might lead to stability issues.
• Discussed that restoration could be proposed in this area if justified in the mitigation plan.
• Group walked down the stream below the culvert. Discussion on if restoration approach was used
above the crossing then the elevation could be set for the crossing culvert and the entire reach in
the design.
• Group continued to walk 5200 below the crossing.Todd stated that there were some areas that
looked okay and others that were not, Erin Davis stated that the vegetation was not ideal.
• Group agreed that restoration was the best approach to the section below the crossing.
S200 (North of Interstate-40)
• Group drove to the north side of the project and started on S200.
• Walking downstream on S200 group discussed restoration approach and what elevation this
section would be brought up too.Todd suggested placing a bmp in areas where run off is coming
into the easement if possible.
S100 (North of Interstate-40)
• Group drove over to S100 and started at the wetland area. Erin Davis stated that rehabilitation
would be a good approach up until the wood line and then inside the wood line enhancement
would be a better approach.
• IRT suggested adding a wetland gage now in order to document existing conditions and
demonstrate functional lift.
• Erin Davis inquired about the target hydroperiod and WLS responded we would follow the current
2016 IRT guidance.
waterlandsolutions.com I 7721 Six Forks Rd, Ste 1130, Raleigh, NC 27615 I 919-614-5111

WATER & LAND
SOLUTIONS
S102
• Walked upstream to S102. Group looked at origin point.
• IRT stated that if the restoration approached was used that WLS would have to show that it was
still jurisdictional.
S103
• Group had similar concerns about S103 as they did with S102. WLS would have to show that it
was still a jurisdictional feature after the bed elevation is brought up.
Overall Notes
• Steve suggested starting the easement about 15-20ft off the ROW of the interstate in case of
future expansion. WLS/EPR will coordinate with NCDOT during design phase regarding culvert
capacity and extra ROW width.
• After seeing above and below the interstate the IRT thought that a restoration approach for the
section of S200 south of the interstate would be appropriate if clearly justified in the mitigation
plan.
• Erin Davis noted that WLS should clearly state what the target community is in the mitigation plan.
• Overall the IRT members agreed the project is suitable to provide compensatory mitigation,
provided it is properly justified in the mitigation plan.
• WLS will provide a "Final Prospectus" and table of adjacent owners for public notice.
The above minutes represents Water& Land Solutions' interpretation and understanding of the meeting
discussion and actions. If recipients of these minutes should find any information contained in these
minutes to be in error, incomplete, please notify the author with appropriate corrections and/or additions
within five (5) business days to allow adequate time for correction and redistribution.
waterlandsolutions.com I 7721 Six Forks Rd, Ste 1130, Raleigh, NC 27615 I 919-614-5111

° NXrY f cud s14i1)L]}F.
United States Department of the Interior �"�"IX
FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
,$ Asheville Ecological Services Field Office
160 Zillicoa Street
Asheville,NC 28801-1082
Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone]
http://www.fws.gov/nc-es/es/countyfr.html
In Reply Refer To: August 07, 2020
Consultation Code: 04EN1000-2020-SLI-0814
Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01917
Project Name: Starker Mitigation Site
Subject: List of threatened and endangered species that may occur in your proposed project
location, and/or may be affected by your proposed project
To Whom It May Concern:
The attached species list identifies threatened, endangered, proposed and candidate species, as
well as proposed and final designated critical habitat, that may occur within the boundary of your
proposed project and/or may be affected by your proposed project.Although not required by
section 7, many agencies request species lists to start the informal consultation process and begin
their fulfillment of the requirements under section 7(c) of the Endangered Species Act (Act) of
1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.).
This list, along with other helpful resources, is also available on the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service (Service)Asheville Field Office's (AFO)website: https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/
cntylist/nc counties.html. The AFO website list includes "species of concern" species that could
potentially be placed on the federal list of threatened and endangered species in the future.Also
available are:
Design and Construction Recommendations
https://www.fws.gov/asheville/htmis/project review/Recommendations.html
Optimal Survey Times for Federally Listed Plants
https://www.fws.gov/nc-es/plant/plant survey.html
Northern long-eared bat Guidance
https://www.fws.gov/asheville/htmis/project review/NLEB in WNC.html
Predictive Habitat Model for Aquatic Species
https://www.fws.gov/asheville/htmis/Maxent/Maxent.html

08/07/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01917 2
New information based on updated surveys, changes in the abundance and distribution of
species, changed habitat conditions, or other factors could require modifications of these lists.
Please note that under 50 CFR 402.12(e) of the regulations implementing section 7 of the Act,
the accuracy of the species lists should be verified after 90 days. This verification can be
completed formally or informally as desired. The Service recommends that verification be
completed by visiting the ECOS-IPaC website or the AFO website (the AFO website dates each
county list with the day of the most recent update/change) at regular intervals during project
planning and implementation for updates to species lists and information.An updated list may be
requested through the ECOS-IPaC system by completing the same process used to receive the
enclosed list or by going to the AFO website.
The purpose of the Act is to provide a means whereby threatened and endangered species and the
ecosystems upon which they depend may be conserved. Under sections 7(a)(1) and 7(a)(2) of the
Act and its implementing regulations (50 CFR 402 et seq.), Federal agencies are required to
utilize their authorities to carry out programs for the conservation of threatened and endangered
species and to determine whether projects may affect threatened and endangered species and/or
designated critical habitat.
A Biological Assessment is required for construction projects (or other undertakings having
similar physical impacts) that are major Federal actions significantly affecting the quality of the
human environment as defined in the National Environmental Policy Act(42 U.S.C. 4332(2)
(c)). For projects other than major construction activities, the Service suggests that a Biological
Evaluation similar to a Biological Assessment be prepared to determine whether the project may
affect listed or proposed species and/or designated or proposed critical habitat. Recommended
contents of a Biological Assessment are described at 50 CFR 402.12 and on our office's website
at https://www.fws.gov/asheville/htmis/project_review/assessmentguidance.html.
If a Federal agency(or their non-federal representative) determines, based on the Biological
Assessment or Biological Evaluation, that listed species and/or designated critical habitat may be
affected by the proposed project, the agency is required to consult with the Service pursuant to
50 CFR 402. In addition, the Service recommends that candidate species, proposed species, and
proposed critical habitat be addressed within the consultation. More information on the
regulations and procedures for section 7 consultation, including the role of permit or license
applicants, can be found in the "Endangered Species Consultation Handbook" at: http://
www.fws.gov/endangered/esa-library/pdf/TOC-GLOS.PDF.
Though the bald eagle is no longer protected under the Endangered Species Act, please be aware
that bald and golden eagles are protected under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (16
U.S.C. 668 et seq.), and projects affecting these species may require additional consultation (see
https://www.fws.gov/southeast/our-services/permits/eagles/). Wind energy projects should follow
the wind energy guidelines (http://www.fws.gov/windenergy/) for minimizing impacts to
migratory birds (including bald and golden eagles) and bats.
Guidance for minimizing impacts to migratory birds for projects including communications
towers (e.g., cellular, digital television, radio, and emergency broadcast) can be found at: http://
www.fws.gov/migratorybirds/CurrentBirdlssues/Hazards/towers/towers.htm;

08/07/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01917 3
http://www.towerkill.com; and http://www.fws.gov/migratorybirds/CurrentBirdlssues/Hazards/
towers/comtow.html.
We appreciate your concern for threatened and endangered species. The Service encourages
Federal agencies to include conservation of threatened and endangered species into their project
planning to further the purposes of the Act. Please include the Consultation Tracking Number in
the header of this letter with any request for consultation or correspondence about your project
that you submit to our office.
Attachment(s):
• Official Species List
■ Migratory Birds
■ Wetlands

08/07/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01917 1
Official Species List
This list is provided pursuant to Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act, and fulfills the
requirement for Federal agencies to "request of the Secretary of the Interior information whether
any species which is listed or proposed to be listed may be present in the area of a proposed
action".
This species list is provided by:
Asheville Ecological Services Field Office
160 Zillicoa Street
Asheville, NC 28801-1082
[phone]

08/07/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01917 2
Project Summary
Consultation Code: 04EN1000-2020-SLI-0814
Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01917
Project Name: Starker Mitigation Site
Project Type: ** OTHER **
Project Description: The Starker Mitigation Site includes two unnamed tributaries to Mull
Creek(UT1 and UT2) and associated riparian wetland opportunities. The
site is expected to include stream credits and several acres of wetland
mitigation potential. The mitigation approaches for the site are expected
to include stream restoration and enhancement, and wetland restoration,
enhancement, and creation.
Project Location:
Approximate location of the project can be viewed in Google Maps: https://
www.google.com/maps/place/35.71886114616011N81.16785545802983W
iy
-Si.ti,K,o rb�rr 9d __
ee
•
•
•
•
.
Counties: Catawba, NC

08/07/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01917 3
Endangered Species Act Species
There is a total of 4 threatened, endangered, or candidate species on this species list.
Species on this list should be considered in an effects analysis for your project and could include
species that exist in another geographic area. For example, certain fish may appear on the species
list because a project could affect downstream species.
IPaC does not display listed species or critical habitats under the sole jurisdiction of NOAA
Fisheries', as USFWS does not have the authority to speak on behalf of NOAA and the
Department of Commerce.
See the "Critical habitats" section below for those critical habitats that lie wholly or partially
within your project area under this office's jurisdiction. Please contact the designated FWS office
if you have questions.
1. NOAA Fisheries, also known as the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), is an
office of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration within the Department of
Commerce.
Mammals
NAME STATUS
Northern Long-eared Bat Myotis septentrionalis Threatened
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
Species profile:https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/9045
Reptiles
NAME STATUS
Bog Turtle Clemmys muhlenbergii Similarity of
Population:U.S.A.(GA,NC, SC,TN,VA) Appearance
No critical habitat has been designated for this species. (Threatened)
Species profile:https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/6962

08/07/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01917 4
Flowering Plants
NAME STATUS
Dwarf-flowered Heartleaf Hexastylis naniflora Threatened
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
Species profile:https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/2458
Schweinitz's Sunflower Helianthus schweinitzii Endangered
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
Species profile:https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/3849
Critical habitats
THERE ARE NO CRITICAL HABITATS WITHIN YOUR PROJECT AREA UNDER THIS OFFICE'S
JURISDICTION.

08/07/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01917 1
Migratory Birds
Certain birds are protected under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act'and the Bald and Golden Eagle
Protection Act2.
Any person or organization who plans or conducts activities that may result in impacts to
migratory birds, eagles, and their habitats should follow appropriate regulations and consider
implementing appropriate conservation measures, as described below.
1. The Migratory Birds Treaty Act of 1918.
2. The Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act of 1940.
3. 50 C.F.R. Sec. 10.12 and 16 U.S.C. Sec. 668(a)
The birds listed below are birds of particular concern either because they occur on the USFWS
Birds of Conservation Concern (BCC) list or warrant special attention in your project location.
To learn more about the levels of concern for birds on your list and how this list is generated, see
the FAQ below. This is not a list of every bird you may find in this location, nor a guarantee that
every bird on this list will be found in your project area. To see exact locations of where birders
and the general public have sighted birds in and around your project area, visit the E-bird data
mapping tool (Tip: enter your location, desired date range and a species on your list). For
projects that occur off the Atlantic Coast, additional maps and models detailing the relative
occurrence and abundance of bird species on your list are available. Links to additional
information about Atlantic Coast birds, and other important information about your migratory
bird list, including how to properly interpret and use your migratory bird report, can be found
below.
For guidance on when to schedule activities or implement avoidance and minimization measures
to reduce impacts to migratory birds on your list, click on the PROBABILITY OF PRESENCE
SUMMARY at the top of your list to see when these birds are most likely to be present and
breeding in your project area.
NAME BREEDING SEASON
Blue-winged Warbler Vermivora pinus Breeds May 1 to Jun
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern(BCC)only in particular Bird Conservation 30
Regions(BCRs)in the continental USA
Red-headed Woodpecker Melanerpes erythrocephalus Breeds May 10 to Sep
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern(BCC)throughout its range in the 10
continental USA and Alaska.

08/07/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01917 2
Probability Of Presence Summary
The graphs below provide our best understanding of when birds of concern are most likely to be
present in your project area. This information can be used to tailor and schedule your project
activities to avoid or minimize impacts to birds. Please make sure you read and understand the
FAQ "Proper Interpretation and Use of Your Migratory Bird Report" before using or attempting
to interpret this report.
Probability of Presence (■)
Each green bar represents the bird's relative probability of presence in the 10km grid cell(s) your
project overlaps during a particular week of the year. (A year is represented as 12 4-week
months.)A taller bar indicates a higher probability of species presence. The survey effort (see
below) can be used to establish a level of confidence in the presence score. One can have higher
confidence in the presence score if the corresponding survey effort is also high.
How is the probability of presence score calculated?The calculation is done in three steps:
1. The probability of presence for each week is calculated as the number of survey events in
the week where the species was detected divided by the total number of survey events for
that week. For example, if in week 12 there were 20 survey events and the Spotted Towhee
was found in 5 of them, the probability of presence of the Spotted Towhee in week 12 is
0.25.
2. To properly present the pattern of presence across the year, the relative probability of
presence is calculated. This is the probability of presence divided by the maximum
probability of presence across all weeks. For example, imagine the probability of presence
in week 20 for the Spotted Towhee is 0.05, and that the probability of presence at week 12
(0.25) is the maximum of any week of the year. The relative probability of presence on
week 12 is 0.25/0.25 = 1; at week 20 it is 0.05/0.25 = 0.2.
3. The relative probability of presence calculated in the previous step undergoes a statistical
conversion so that all possible values fall between 0 and 10, inclusive. This is the
probability of presence score.
Breeding Season ( )
Yellow bars denote a very liberal estimate of the time-frame inside which the bird breeds across
its entire range. If there are no yellow bars shown for a bird, it does not breed in your project
area.
Survey Effort (I)
Vertical black lines superimposed on probability of presence bars indicate the number of surveys
performed for that species in the 10km grid cell(s) your project area overlaps. The number of
surveys is expressed as a range, for example, 33 to 64 surveys.
No Data (—)
A week is marked as having no data if there were no survey events for that week.
Survey Timeframe

08/07/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01917 3
Surveys from only the last 10 years are used in order to ensure delivery of currently relevant
information. The exception to this is areas off the Atlantic coast, where bird returns are based on
all years of available data, since data in these areas is currently much more sparse.
•probability of presence breeding season I survey effort —no data
SPECIES JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Blue-winged W IIII IIII ---- —�-- — — -- — ----
WarbrblerBCC-BCR
Red-headed
WoodpecBCC ker
de(CON) ----
Additional information can be found using the following links:
• Birds of Conservation Concern http://www.fws.gov/birds/management/managed-species/
birds-of-conservation-concern.php
• Measures for avoiding and minimizing impacts to birds http://www.fws.gov/birds/
management/proj ect-assessment-tools-and-guidance/
conservation-measures.php
• Nationwide conservation measures for birds http://www.fws.gov/migratorybirds/pdf/
management/nationwidestandardconservationmeasures.pdf
Migratory Birds FAQ
Tell me more about conservation measures I can implement to avoid or minimize impacts
to migratory birds.
Nationwide Conservation Measures describes measures that can help avoid and minimize
impacts to all birds at any location year round. Implementation of these measures is particularly
important when birds are most likely to occur in the project area.When birds may be breeding in
the area, identifying the locations of any active nests and avoiding their destruction is a very
helpful impact minimization measure. To see when birds are most likely to occur and be breeding
in your project area, view the Probability of Presence Summary. Additional measures and/or
permits may be advisable depending on the type of activity you are conducting and the type of
infrastructure or bird species present on your project site.
What does IPaC use to generate the migratory birds potentially occurring in my specified
location?
The Migratory Bird Resource List is comprised of USFWS Birds of Conservation Concern
(BCC) and other species that may warrant special attention in your project location.

08/07/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01917 4
The migratory bird list generated for your project is derived from data provided by the Avian
Knowledge Network (AKN). The AKN data is based on a growing collection of survey, banding,
and citizen science datasets and is queried and filtered to return a list of those birds reported as
occurring in the 10km grid cell(s)which your project intersects, and that have been identified as
warranting special attention because they are a BCC species in that area, an eagle (Eagle Act
requirements may apply), or a species that has a particular vulnerability to offshore activities or
development.
Again, the Migratory Bird Resource list includes only a subset of birds that may occur in your
project area. It is not representative of all birds that may occur in your project area. To get a list
of all birds potentially present in your project area, please visit the AKN Phenology Tool.
What does IPaC use to generate the probability of presence graphs for the migratory birds
potentially occurring in my specified location?
The probability of presence graphs associated with your migratory bird list are based on data
provided by the Avian Knowledge Network (AKN). This data is derived from a growing
collection of survey, banding, and citizen science datasets .
Probability of presence data is continuously being updated as new and better information
becomes available. To learn more about how the probability of presence graphs are produced and
how to interpret them, go the Probability of Presence Summary and then click on the "Tell me
about these graphs" link.
How do I know if a bird is breeding, wintering, migrating or present year-round in my
project area?
To see what part of a particular bird's range your project area falls within (i.e. breeding,
wintering, migrating or year-round), you may refer to the following resources: The Cornell Lab
of Ornithology All About Birds Bird Guide, or (if you are unsuccessful in locating the bird of
interest there), the Cornell Lab of Ornithology Neotropical Birds guide. If a bird on your
migratory bird species list has a breeding season associated with it, if that bird does occur in your
project area, there may be nests present at some point within the timeframe specified. If "Breeds
elsewhere" is indicated, then the bird likely does not breed in your project area.
What are the levels of concern for migratory birds?
Migratory birds delivered through IPaC fall into the following distinct categories of concern:
1. "BCC Rangewide" birds are Birds of Conservation Concern (BCC) that are of concern
throughout their range anywhere within the USA(including Hawaii, the Pacific Islands,
Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands);
2. "BCC - BCR" birds are BCCs that are of concern only in particular Bird Conservation
Regions (BCRs) in the continental USA; and
3. "Non-BCC -Vulnerable" birds are not BCC species in your project area, but appear on
your list either because of the Eagle Act requirements (for eagles) or (for non-eagles)
potential susceptibilities in offshore areas from certain types of development or activities
(e.g. offshore energy development or longline fishing).

08/07/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01917 5
Although it is important to try to avoid and minimize impacts to all birds, efforts should be made,
in particular, to avoid and minimize impacts to the birds on this list, especially eagles and BCC
species of rangewide concern. For more information on conservation measures you can
implement to help avoid and minimize migratory bird impacts and requirements for eagles,
please see the FAQs for these topics.
Details about birds that are potentially affected by offshore projects
For additional details about the relative occurrence and abundance of both individual bird species
and groups of bird species within your project area off the Atlantic Coast, please visit the
Northeast Ocean Data Portal. The Portal also offers data and information about other taxa besides
birds that may be helpful to you in your project review.Alternately, you may download the bird
model results files underlying the portal maps through the NOAA NCCOS Integrative Statistical
Modeling and Predictive Mapping of Marine Bird Distributions and Abundance on the Atlantic
Outer Continental Shelf project webpage.
Bird tracking data can also provide additional details about occurrence and habitat use
throughout the year, including migration. Models relying on survey data may not include this
information. For additional information on marine bird tracking data, see the Diving Bird Study
and the nanotag studies or contact Caleb Spiegel or Pam Loring.
What if I have eagles on my list?
If your project has the potential to disturb or kill eagles, you may need to obtain a permit to avoid
violating the Eagle Act should such impacts occur.
Proper Interpretation and Use of Your Migratory Bird Report
The migratory bird list generated is not a list of all birds in your project area, only a subset of
birds of priority concern. To learn more about how your list is generated, and see options for
identifying what other birds may be in your project area, please see the FAQ"What does IPaC
use to generate the migratory birds potentially occurring in my specified location". Please be
aware this report provides the "probability of presence" of birds within the 10 km grid cell(s) that
overlap your project; not your exact project footprint. On the graphs provided, please also look
carefully at the survey effort(indicated by the black vertical bar) and for the existence of the "no
data" indicator(a red horizontal bar).A high survey effort is the key component. If the survey
effort is high, then the probability of presence score can be viewed as more dependable. In
contrast, a low survey effort bar or no data bar means a lack of data and, therefore, a lack of
certainty about presence of the species. This list is not perfect; it is simply a starting point for
identifying what birds of concern have the potential to be in your project area, when they might
be there, and if they might be breeding (which means nests might be present). The list helps you
know what to look for to confirm presence, and helps guide you in knowing when to implement
conservation measures to avoid or minimize potential impacts from your project activities,
should presence be confirmed. To learn more about conservation measures, visit the FAQ "Tell
me about conservation measures I can implement to avoid or minimize impacts to migratory
birds" at the bottom of your migratory bird trust resources page.

08/07/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01917 1
Wetlands
Impacts to NWI wetlands and other aquatic habitats may be subject to regulation under Section
404 of the Clean Water Act, or other State/Federal statutes.
For more information please contact the Regulatory Program of the local U.S.Army Corps of
Engineers District.
Please note that the NWI data being shown may be out of date. We are currently working to
update our NWI data set. We recommend you verify these results with a site visit to determine
the actual extent of wetlands on site.
FRESHWATER FORESTED/SHRUB WETLAND
■ PFO1A
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CT0803 William Rockett Ftt,i,i t� Rd
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2/12/2021, 10:46:47 AM 1:36,112
Starker Survey Area-Starker_SurveyArea_rev Surveyed Area in NHRD SL individual resources&centerpoints 0 0.33 0.65 1.3 mi
Local districts&boundaries DOE districts&boundaries SL Individual Entry r
0 0.5 1 2 km
Local individual resources&centerpoints = Determined Eligible Boundary • SL and DOE entry
• Local Landmark = Both DOE and Study List Boundary • Study List Entry,Gone
• Local Landmark,Gone DOE individual resources&centerpoints A SL and DOE,Gone
Local HD Center Point Determined Eligible * SLHD Center Point
A DOE,Gone
Surveyed Only individual resources&centerpoints * SLDOEHD Center Point
Surveyed Only SL and DOE NR districts&boundaries
Surveyed in NRHD a SL and DOE,Gone = National Register Boundary
• Surveyed Only,Gone * DOEHD Center Point
• Surveyed in NRHD,Gone * SLDOEHD Center Point
State of North Carolina DOT, Esri, HERE, Garmin, INCREMENT P,
Blockface-Multiple properties SL districts&boundaries NGA, USGS
= Study List Boundary
Blockface in NRHD
= Both SL and Determined Eligible Boundary
Surveyed Area, No designation
North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office
State of North Carolina DOT, Esri, HERE,Garmin, INCREMENT P, NGA, USGS I Participating NC Counties,NCCGIA, NC OneMap,US EPA I Esri, HERE

L• •••• Rcy Cooper,Governor
•• • NC DEPARTMENT OF
slimII NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES Susi Hamilton,Secretary
• ••• Walter Clark, Director, Land and Water stewardship
NCNHDE-12647
August 10, 2020
Amy James
Ecosystem Planning and Restoration
1150 SE Maynard Rd. Suite 140
Cary, NC 27511
RE: Starker Mitigation Bank Site
Dear Amy James:
The North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) appreciates the opportunity to provide
information about natural heritage resources for the project referenced above.
Based on the project area mapped with your request, a query of the NCNHP database indicates that
there are no records for rare species, important natural communities, natural areas, and/or
conservation/managed areas within the proposed project boundary. Please note that although there
may be no documentation of natural heritage elements within the project boundary, it does not
imply or confirm their absence; the area may not have been surveyed. The results of this query
should not be substituted for field surveys where suitable habitat exists. In the event that rare
species are found within the project area, please contact the NCNHP so that we may update our
records.
The attached `Potential Occurrences' table summarizes rare species and natural communities that
have been documented within a one-mile radius of the property boundary. The proximity of these
records suggests that these natural heritage elements may potentially be present in the project area
if suitable habitat exists. Tables of natural areas and conservation/managed areas within a one-mile
radius of the project area, if any, are also included in this report.
If a Federally-listed species is found within the project area or is indicated within a one-mile radius of
the project area, the NCNHP recommends contacting the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) for
guidance. Contact information for USFWS offices in North Carolina is found here:
httos://www.fws.gov/offices/Directory/ListOffices.cfm?statecode=37.
Please note that natural heritage element data are maintained for the purposes of conservation
planning, project review, and scientific research, and are not intended for use as the primary criteria
for regulatory decisions. Information provided by the NCNHP database may not be published
without prior written notification to the NCNHP, and the NCNHP must be credited as an information
source in these publications. Maps of NCNHP data may not be redistributed without permission.
The NC Natural Heritage Program may follow this letter with additional correspondence if a
Dedicated Nature Preserve, Registered Heritage Area, Clean Water Management Trust Fund
easement, or Federally-listed species are documented near the project area.
If you have questions regarding the information provided in this letter or need additional assistance,
please contact Rodney A. Butler at rodney.butleincdcr.gov or 919-707-8603.
Sincerely,
NC Natural Heritage Program
DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES
0 121 W.JONES STREET, RALEIGH.NC 27603 • 1E51 MAIL SERVICE CENTER,RALEIGH.NC 27699.
OFC 919,707.S120 • FAX D19,707,9121

Natural Heritage Element Occurrences, Natural Areas, and Managed Areas Within a One-mile Radius of the Project Area
Starker Mitigation Bank Site
August 10, 2020
NCNHDE-12647
No Element Occurrences are Documented Within a One-mile Radius of the Project Area
No Natural Areas are Documented Within a One-mile Radius of the Project Area
Managed Areas Documented Within a One-mile Radius of the Project Area
Managed Area Na Owner wner Ty
NC Clean Water Management Trust Fund Funded NC DNCR, Clean Water Management Trust State
Project Fund
Definitions and an explanation of status designations and codes can be found at https://ncnhde.natureserve.ora/help. Data query generated on August 10,2020;source: NCNHP, Q3 July 2020. Please
resubmit your information request if more than one year elapses before project initiation as new information is continually added to the NCNHP database.
Page 2 of 3

NCNHDE-12647: Starker Mitigation Bank Site
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Page 3 of 3

LyJR j
•
0 North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission 0
Gordon Myers, Executive Director
01 September 2020
Ms. Erin Bennett
Ecosystem Planning&Restoration
1150 S.E. Maynard Road, Suite 140
Cary,North Carolina 27511
Subject: Request for Project Review and Comments
Starker Stream Mitigation Site
Catawba County,North Carolina.
Dear Ms. Bennett,
Biologists with the North Carolina Wildlife Resource Commission(NCWRC)received your request to
review and comment on any possible concerns regarding Starker Stream Mitigation Site. Biologists with
NCWRC have reviewed the provided documents. Comments are provided in accordance with provisions
of the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act(48 Stat.401, as amended; 16 U.S.C. 661-667e)and North
Carolina General Statutes (G.S. 113-131 et seq.).
The Starker Stream Mitigation Site is located north of Interstate 40(I-40)and south of Rock Barn Road,
and south of I-40 and east of Banner Road NE near Claremont, Catawba County,North Carolina. The
site occurs within an existing agricultural and wooded areas.
We have no known records for rare,threatened, or endangered species at the site. Ecosystem Planning&
Restoration(EPR) surveyed the site for federal and state endangered Schweinitz's sunflower(Helianthus
schweinitzii) in mid-July and found no individuals. The optimal survey period for Schweinitz's sunflower
is late August through October. EPR states potential suitable habitat occurs for the federal and state
threatened dwarf-flowered heartleaf(Hexastylis naniflora) and surveys will be conducted in spring 2021.
We offer the following preliminary recommendations to minimize impacts to aquatic and terrestrial
wildlife resources:
1. We recommend surveys for Schweinitz's sunflower are conducted during the optimal survey
window of mid-August through October. We suggest EPR contact the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service(USFWS) at(828)258-3939.
2. We recommend that riparian buffers are as wide as possible, given site constraints and landowner
needs. NCWRC generally recommends a woody buffer of 100 feet on perennial streams to
maximize the benefits of buffers, including bank stability, stream shading,treatment of overland
runoff, and wildlife habitat.
Mailing Address: Habitat Conservation • 1721 Mail Service Center • Raleigh,NC 27699-1721
Telephone: [phone] • Fax: [phone]

Page 2
01 September 2020
Starker Stream Mitigation Site
Catawba County
3. Due to the decline in bat populations,we recommend leaving snags and mature trees, or if
necessary,remove tees outside the maternity roosting season for bats(May 15—August 15).
4. We recommend the planting list is diverse and consists of species typically found in that natural
vegetation community, as described by M.P. Schafale in The Guide to The Natural Communities
of North Carolina,Fourth Approximation(https://www.ncnhp.org/references/nhp-
publications/fourth-approximation-descriptions).
5. We recommend reducing the number of right-of-way easements that fragment the mitigation
project. If feasible,we suggest extending the mitigation project along Mull Creek to further
increase hydrologic function,restore ecological function in the watershed, and provide a corridor
for wildlife.
6. Ensure the culverts provide aquatic life passage during low flows.
7. Stringent sediment and erosion control measures should be implemented. The use of
biodegradable and wildlife-friendly sediment and erosion control devices is strongly
recommended. Silt fencing, fiber rolls and/or other products should have loose-weave netting
that is made of natural fiber materials with movable joints between the vertical and horizontal
twines. Silt fencing that has been reinforced with plastic or metal mesh should be avoided as it
impedes the movement of terrestrial wildlife species. Excessive silt and sediment loads can have
detrimental effects on aquatic resources including destruction of spawning habitat, suffocation of
eggs, and clogging of gills.
Thank you for the opportunity to provide comments. We will provide additional comments during the
site visit. If I can be of assistance,please call(919) 707-0364 or email [e-mail].
Sincerely,
Olivia Munzer
Western Piedmont Habitat Conservation Coordinator
Habitat Conservation Program
Ec: Steve Kichefski,US Army Corps of Engineers
Erin Davis,NC Division of Water Resources
Byron Hamstead,USFWS

ENT Or7,4
FT r ua 1
FISH&WILDLIFE
(cis
421- k United States Department of the Interior SERVICE
I. „..„
FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
Asheville Field Office
2igga9 160 Zillicoa Street
Asheville,North Carolina 28801
September 9, 2020
Erin Bennett
System Planning and Restoration, LLC
1150 S.E. Maynard Road, Suite 140
Cary NC 27511
Dear Erin Bennett:
Subject: Proposed Starker Mitigation Bank; Catawba County,North Carolina
Log No. 4-2-20-421
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) has reviewed the information provided in your
correspondence received on August 18, 2020, dated August 14, 2020, for the project referenced
above wherein you solicit comments regarding potential impacts to federally protected species to
satisfy Nationwide permit application requirements. We submit the following comments in
accordance with the provisions of the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act, as amended
(16 U.S.C. 661-667e); the National Environmental Policy Act (42 U.S.C. §4321 et seq.); and
section 7 of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended(16 U.S.C. 1531-1543) (Act).
Project Description
According to the information provided, the proposed project involves restoration and
enhancement of two unnamed tributaries which connect with Mull Creek River in Claremont,
North Carolina. Design plans and descriptions of proposed impact minimization measures were
not provided in your correspondence. Onsite habitats (instream and riparian) are highly
disturbed due to a legacy of agricultural land use. Surrounding land cover is dominated by
forest, agricultural and residential developments.
Federally Listed Endangered and Threatened Species
Suitable summer roosting habitat may be present in the project area for the northern long-eared
bat(Myotis septentrionalis). However, the final 4(d)rule (effective as of February 16, 2016),
exempts incidental take of northern long-eared bat associated with activities that occur greater
than 0.25 miles from a known hibernation site, and greater than 150 feet from a known, occupied
maternity roost during the pup season(June 1 —July 31). Based on the information provided, the
project(which may or may not require tree clearing)would occur at a location where any
incidental take that may result from associated activities is exempt under the 4(d)rule.
Although not required,we encourage you to avoid any associated tree clearing activities
during this animal's maternity roosting season from May 15—August 15.

Service records indicate several known occurrences of the federally threatened dwarf-flowered
heartleaf(Hexastylis naniflora) in the project vicinity. Moreover, your correspondence indicates
that suitable habitat is present onsite for dwarf-flowered heartleaf and the federally endangered
Schweinitz's sunflower(Helianthus schweinitzii). Your correspondence states that"the area was
searched for specimens in mid-July 2020",but it is unclear if targeted surveys were completed at
that time.
To ensure that these species are not inadvertently lost, targeted surveys should be conducted by
qualified biologists during optimal survey windows where project-mediated impacts overlap
their suitable habitats. Surveys are not required where suitable habitats are not present within the
proposed impact area.
Members of the genus Hexastylis may be identified by characteristic evergreen leaves present
throughout the year, but flowers are required to diagnose H. naniflora. The flowering window
for this species is typically March—May in North Carolina. The optimal survey window for
Schweinitz's sunflower is late-August—October.
To complete our evaluation, we request that the Applicant provide this office with survey results
and/or provide information indicating that suitable habitats are not present within the proposed
impact area for federally protected species.
In accordance with the Act, it is the responsibility of the appropriate federal agency or its
designated representative to review its activities or programs and to identify any such activities
or programs that may affect endangered or threatened species or their habitats. If it is
determined that the proposed activity may adversely affect any species federally listed as
endangered or threatened, formal consultation with this office must be initiated.
We offer the following comments in the interest of protecting this species and other natural
resources:
Erosion and Sediment Control
Measures to control sediment and erosion should be installed before any ground-disturbing
activities occur. Grading and backfilling should be minimized, and existing native vegetation
should be retained (if possible) to maintain riparian cover for fish and wildlife. Disturbed areas
should be revegetated with native grass and tree species as soon as the project is completed.
Ground disturbance should be limited to what will be stabilized quickly,preferably by the end of
the workday. Natural fiber matting (coir) should be used for erosion control as synthetic
netting can trap animals and persist in the environment beyond its intended purpose.
Stream Channel and Bank Restoration
A natural, stable stream system is one that is able to transport a wide range of flows and
associated sediment bed load while maintaining channel features and neither degrading nor
aggrading. Alterations to the dimension,pattern, or profile of the stream channel as well as
changes to streambank vegetation, floodplains, hydrology, or sediment input can significantly
alter this equilibrium.
2

We offer the following recommendations for the Applicant's consideration:
1. Streambanks with deep-rooted woody vegetation are the most stable, and stream
restoration efforts should incorporate the use of native vegetation adapted to the site
conditions. Live dormant stakes may be used to reestablish root structure in riparian
areas. In areas where banks are severely undercut, high, and steep, whole-tree revetment
or rock may be used as a stabilization treatment(small rock, gravel, sand, and dirt are not
recommended due to their erosive nature), and it should not extend above the bank-full
elevation(the elevation of the channel where the natural floodplain begins).
Deep-rooting woody vegetation should be established along banks where any channel
work is accomplished. Tree and shrub plantings should be spaced at intervals no greater
than 10 feet along banks. Vegetated riparian zone widths should be as wide as practical
but should extend at least 30 feet from the stream channel.
2. Only the absolute minimum amount of work should be done within stream channels to
accomplish necessary reconstruction. Restoration plans should account for the
constraints of the site and the opportunities to improve stream pattern, dimension, and
profile with minimal disturbance.
3. Reconstruction work should follow natural channel design methodologies that are based
on the bank-full, or channel-forming, stage of the stream. Bank-full stage maintains the
natural channel dimensions and transports the bulk of sediment over time. Natural
channel conditions should be identified using a reference reach (nearby stream reaches
that exemplify restoration goals). Restoration design should match the pattern,
dimension, and profile of the reference reach to ensure the project's success.
4. All work in or adjacent to stream waters should be conducted in a dry work area to the
extent possible. Sandbags, cofferdams, bladder dams, or other diversion structures
should be used to prevent excavation in flowing water. These diversion structures should
be removed as soon as the work area is stable.
5. Equipment should not be operated in the stream unless absolutely necessary. Machinery
should be operated from the banks in a fashion that minimizes disturbance to woody
vegetation. Equipment should be: (a)washed to remove any contaminant residue prior
to project construction, (b) in good working order, and (c) checked to ensure there are no
leaks of potential contaminants (such as oil or other lubricants)prior to and during
construction.
6. Adequate measures to control sediment and erosion must be implemented prior to any
ground-disturbing activities in order to minimize effects on downstream aquatic
resources. In North Carolina, non-cohesive and erosion-prone soils are most common in
the felsic-crystalline terrains of the mountain and upper piedmont regions. Therefore,
reconstruction work should be staged such that disturbed areas would be stabilized with
seeding, mulch, and/or biodegradable (coir) erosion-control matting prior to the end of
each workday. Matting should be secured in place with staples; stakes; or, wherever
possible, live stakes of native trees. If rain is expected prior to temporary seed
3

establishment, additional measures should be implemented to protect water quality along
slopes and overburden stockpiles (for example, stockpiles may be covered with plastic or
other geotextile material and surrounded with silt fencing).
The Service appreciates the opportunity to provide these comments. Please contact Mr. Byron
Hamstead of our staff at [e-mail], if you have any questions. In any future
correspondence concerning this project,please reference our Log Number 4-2-20-421.
Sincerely,
Digitally signed by JANET
JANET M I Z Z I MIZZI
Date:2020.09.09 13:36:00
-04'00'
Janet Mizzi
Field Supervisor
4

Appendix H - Site Photographs
WLS Catawba 01 Umbrella Mitigation Bank
Starker Mitigation Site

STARKER STREAM RESTORATION SITE
AUGUST 2019
CATAWBA COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
REACH S 1 00(NORTH OF 1-40,ABOVE CROSSING)
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GULLEY, CATTLE HAVE ACCESS TO STREAM ERODING STREAMBANKS
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S 100— FACING DOWNSTREAM—STEEP, S 1 OO— FACING DOWNSTREAM— INCREASED
VERTICAL STREAMBANKS AND OVERWIDE BANK EROSION DUE TO CATTLE IMPACTS
CHANNEL
APPENDIX H 1

STARKER STREAM RESTORATION SITE
AUGUST 2019
CATAWBA COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
s
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STREAMBANKS AND FINE SEDIMENT IN CHANNEL 140, RIPARIAN WETLAND USED AS A WALLOW AREA
FOR CATTLE
REACH S 102
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S100 CHANNEL
APPENDIX H 2

STARKER STREAM
AUGUST 20 RESTORATION SITE
19
CATAWBA COUNTY, NORTH
CAROLINA
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FINE SEDIMENT ENTERING CHANNEL STREAMBANKS, LOGS AND DEBRIS IN CHANNEL
NEAR SPRING HEAD
REACH S 1 00(NORTH OF 1-40, BELOW CROSSING)
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CULVERT AT CROSSING STREAMBANKS
APPENDIX H 3

STARKER STREAM RESTORATION SITE
AUGUST 2019
CATAWBA COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
41
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CHANNEL CHANNEL
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BANK STREAMBANK
APPENDIX H 4

STARKER STREAM RESTORATION SITE
AUGusT 2019
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CATAWBA COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
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STREAMBANK, MASS WASTING XS, CATTLE HAVE ACCESS TO UPSTREAM PORTION
OF PROJECT
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PROJECT STREAM STREAMBANK
APPENDIX H 5

STARKER STREAM RESTORATION SITE
AUGUST 2019
CATAWBA COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
REACH S 1 00(SOUTH OF 1-40)
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CULVERT CROSSES UNDER 140 BANKS AND EXPOSED ROOTS
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ACTIVELY ERODING FINE SEDIMENT DEPOSITS
APPENDIX H 6

STARKER STREAM RESTORATION SITE
AUGUST 2019
CATAWBA COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
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CHANNEL, ERODING STREAMBANK STREAMBANK
APPENDIX H 7

STARKER STREAM RESTORATION SITE
AUGUST 2019
CATAWBA COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
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STREAM BANKS DOWNSTREAM OF CROSSING STREAMBANK DOWNSTREAM OF CROSSING
APPENDIX H 8

STARKER STREAM RESTORATION SITE
AUGUST 2019
CATAWBA COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
REACH S 1 O 1
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STREAMBANKS, FINES SEDIMENT IN CHANNEL
APPENDIX H 9

STARKER STREAM RESTORATION SITE
AUGUST 2019
CATAWBA COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
REACH S200(NORTH OF 1-40)
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PONDED UPSTREAM OF BLOCKED CULVERT COLLAPSED INTO CHANNEL
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CHANNEL, ERODING BANKS PROJECT STREAM
APPENDIX H 1 0

STARKER STREAM RESTORATION SITE
AUGUST 2019
CATAWBA COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
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ERODING BANKS CHANNEL
REACH S200(SOUTH OF 1-40,ABOVE CROSSING)
44
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CULVERT CROSSES UNDER 1-40 STREAMBANKS AND INVASIVE SPECIES
APPENDIX H 1 1

STARKER STREAM RESTORATION SITE
AUGUST 2019
CATAWBA COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
ce f 3 '. voi, 1 i. .- 'AMR z�r t ,
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REACH S200(SOUTH OF 1-40, BELOW CROSSING)
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CULVERT AT CROSSING STREAMBANKS, CATTLE IMPACTS
APPENDIX H 1 2

STARKER STREAM RESTORATION SITE
AUGUST 2019
CATAWBA COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
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FINE SEDIMENT IN STREAM STREAMBANKS, CATTLE IMPACTS
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CATTLE HAVE ACCESS TO UPSTREAM SECTION OF STREAMBANKS, DOMINANT INVASIVE SPECIES
REACH
APPENDIX H 1 3

STARKER STREAM RESTORATION SITE
AUGUST 2019
CATAWBA COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
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CATTLE HAVE ACCESS TO UPSTREAM SECTION OF STREAMBANKS, DOMINANT INVASIVE SPECIES
REACH
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S200— FACING DOWNSTREAM—BANK S200— FACING DOWNSTREAM—BANK
EROSION, ACCUMULATION OF FINE SEDIMENT EROSION, ACCUMULATION OF FINE SEDIMENT
APPENDIX H 14

STARKER STREAM RESTORATION SITE
AUGUST 2019
CATAWBA COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
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S200— FACING UPSTREAM— BANK EROSION S200— FACING DOWNSTREAM — BANK
EROSION
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S200— FACING UPSTREAM — BANK EROSION S200 — FACING DOWNSTREAM — BANK
EROSION
APPENDIX H 1 5