20130472_Other Documents_20120727

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment ���� Page 1
INDIRECT LAND USE EFFECTS REPORT
STIP # R-36016runswick County, North Carolina, WBS # 38868.1.1
Widen US 17-74-76/NC 133 from the NC 133/SR 1472 interchange to the US 421/NC 133 interchange
Submitted by: Martha Hodge
Date: July 27, 2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................... ........'. ....:......................... ....-.,......................................2
I. BASE SCREENING INFORMATION ................. ......... :............................. ........: ..................................5
A. Project Overview .................................... ......... ................... ......... ......... .................................. 5
B. Future Land Use Study Area ............................... ......... ......... ..:................. ......... ....................... 6
C. Time Horizon .................................... :............... ........! .........' .................... .........' .......................7
D. OtherTransportation, Infrastructure and'Private Develbpment Projects ..........................................7
E. Population Trends & Projections ... ........: ......... ......... .........' ....................................................... 9
F. Job Trends & Projections ............... ........: .......... . ....... .........` ..................................................... 10
G. Notable Environmental Fea#ures .. .........' . ........ ......... ..,...... ......... ,. ......................................... 10
II. ANALYTICALSCREENING INFC)ftMATION ..... ......... ........: ......... ......... ..........................................12
A. Transportation Irnp�et Causing Activities ......... ......... .........''�� ..,.:................................................ 12
B. Water & Sewer Seruice in the Area ......... ........: ................... ..................................................... 13
C. Development Regulatians.. .........� . ....... ........: .. .;....................................................................... 13
D. Available Land ........ ........: ........: ........: ......... ..........................................................................17
E. Market fc�r �evel4pment.... .....� ... ......... ....�...�. ......:.................................................................. 18
III. INDIRECT SCREENING'MATRIX ........... ....... ........(. .':....................................................................... 19
A. Methodology .......... ........: . .......". ...�............................................................................................19
B. Matrix Results ......... ........: ......... ........::. .................................................................................... 20
IV. INDIRECT LAND USE DEVELOPMENT SCENARIOS .............................................................................. 21
A. Probable Develapment Scenarios ................................................................................................... 21
B. Land Use Scenario Assessment Methodology & Matrix .................................................................. 23
C. Land Use Scenario Assessment Results ........................................................................................... 24
D. Indirect Assessment Summary ....................................................................................................... 24
E. Cumulative Effects Summary .......................................................................................................... 25
F. Conclusions & Next Steps ............................................................................................................... 26
SOURCES ............................................................................................................................................... 28
APPENDIXA: Figures .............................................................................................................................. 30
APPENDIX B: Supplemental Figures ....................................................................................................... 34
APPENDIX C: Local Interview Records ....................................................................................................37

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 2
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The R-3601 project proposes to widen US 17-74-76 from the interchange of River Road (NC 133) and
Village Road (SR 1472), to the interchange of US 421-17-74 and NC 133, including replacement of
Brunswick County Bridge Numbers 103 and 105 across the Brunswick River and Bridge Numbers 107 and
108 over Alligator Creek. The project also proposes to increase the height of the replacement bridge
structure over the Brunswick River by approximately two to four feet, resulting in a total bridge height
of eight feet above the mean high tide line, in order to allow for the passage of recreational watercraft
beneath the bridge. The project is approximately 1.5 miles in length and will improve the traffic-carrying
capacity of US 17-74-76 by adding an additional inside travel lane in each direction. A majority of project
work will occur within the existing right of way.
The purpose of this Land Use Scenario Assessment is to assess the2likelihood of possible indirect effects
on land use decisions as a result of the project, as considered in combination with other projects and
development actions occurring in the area during the same time period. A Future Land Use Study Area
was delineated as the area that could be indirectly affected as a result of the project in combination
with other actions. The study area for this project includes portions of the Tawns of Navassa, Leland and
Belville, and lies in an area known locally as North Brunswick. A time horizon of 2030 was used in this
study as the period across which the possibility of indireet and curnulative effects was assessed.
The North Brunswick area, and the Towns c�fi
some of the highest population growth rate�
of municipal annexations, but a large majorij
North Carolina Office of State Management i
continue to grow by approximately 39.1%th
The area offers attractiue `
project area is located dir�
which has developed into
for southeastern Narth Ca
developrnef�t trends witl�i
combination of waterfron
ng oppc
Iy acros
s re�ion
the
comparable to those in New Har
patterns in Narth Brunswick and
of major employment and retail
communities. The Future Land l.
each municipal jurisdiction that
Notable Environmental
erti
avassa, Belville and'Leland in particular,`have experienced
� the state and nationwide. Some of this growth is a result
is a result of in-migration. Furthermore, according to the
d Budget, Brunswick County's population is projected to
2030, or 1.7% annu
rtunities and the market for de�elopment is strong and diverse. The
the river frorn the City of Wilmington in New Hanover County,
al :hub for cultural, economic, educational and healthcare resources
�cimity to Wilmington has largely influenced growth and
area; the North Brunswick area offers a similarly attractive
s and dry inland properties that provide development opportunities
- County, but at a lower price. In the near term future, development
project area generally indicate that Leland will become the provider
ices, while'Belville and Navassa will develop into bedroom
�udy Area in particular, however, contains waterfront areas within
highly attractive development opportunities.
e Future Land Use Study Area (FLUSA) were found to include:
o The Kerr-McGee site is a National Priority List (NPL) Superfund site approximately 151 acres in size
located in Navassa adjacent to the Brunswick River to the east, and Sturgeon Creek to the south.
The site has been Superfund since the 1980's, but was not added to the National Priority List (NPL)
until 2010. The US EPA is currently conducting a Feasibility Study to develop alternatives for clean-
up of the site. The Study will be made available for public review and comment prior to selection of
the preferred option. Clean-up of a Superfund site has been found to span an average time of 13-
15 years. Redevelopment options for the Kerr-McGee site, once remediated, are currently
unknown. The Town of Navassa has not indicated any plans or vision for redevelopment of the
property.

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 3
o The Town of Leland Comprehensive Plan (2009) identifies the S-6 planning sector, which contains a
portion of the FLUSA, as a target area for evolution into a regional center for commercial,
residential, civic/institutional and employments services. The Plan identifies this area as being most
suitable for redevelopment and infill based on the availability of urban services, a well-connected
local street grid, and highly attractive properties that are currently being underutilized.
o The Belvedere Heights single family neighborhood located in Leland in the area just north of Village
Road, and bound by the Brunswick River on the east, and Sturgeon Creek on the north. The
neighborhood lies within the S-6 planning area targeted for redevelopment and contains properties
that may be underutilized.
o Eagles Island is an area approximately 3,110 acres in size that lies at the confluence of the Cape Fear
and Brunswick Rivers. The island is a unique estuarine environrnent that has long been valued for its
cultural and natural history. Individual properties on the island are presently owned by an amalgam
of both public and private entities, but the importance af preseruing the island in its entirety has been
recognized in recent years and inspired the formation of the Eagles Island Coalition. Jointly initiated
by the New Hanover County Soil and Water Conservation District and the,Cape Fear Resource
Conservation and Development, Inc., the goal of'the coalition is to acquire all of the properties
pursuant to holistic conservation of the island. The majority of properties on Eagles Island located in
the vicinity of the R-3601 project area are currently in;permanent conservation or under contract to
be in conservation.
o The estuarine area surrounding Eagles Island, sections af the Brunswick and Cape Fear Rivers north
of the US 17-74-76 bridges, and Sturgeon Creek, are all designated Significant Natural Heritage
Areas.
o The project is loca
area encompassec
within the eastern
The reach of the B
impaired waters p
�
on of Bri
✓ick Rive
impa
of Belville has adopt
quadrant af the Bru
on project to be'con
other reside�ntial uses, parki�
office and professional spaa
municipal building,that will i
timeline for construction of
currently under contract wit
nswick Riuer witl
isin takes �n a sm
lr�swick County ir
' extending throu
� Narth Carolina I
th'e Cape Fear River Sub-basin 03-06-17. The
partion of Wilm`ington, but is predominately
ading the t4wns of Leland, Navassa and Belville.
the FLUSA is included on the 2010 list of 303(d)
ision of Water Quality (DWQ). According to
aa#ie life due to low aissoivea oxygen.
�d a Master Redeuelapment Plan (2007) for the area located in the
iswick River Bridge. The vision is for a mixed-used town center
tructed;in phases and which will include multi-family homes and
marina and river walk; restaurants; retail storefronts; commercial
�creational and/or entertainment events park; and a multi-purpose
�de a gathering hall and administrative offices. At present, the
project is uncertain due to complications with the developer that is
�e town.
o Battleship North Carolina has been permanently moored in a cove of the Cape Fear River in the
northeastern quadrant of the FLUSA since 1961. There are approximately 250,000 annual visitors to
the ship, including a combination of general daily admission, school groups, private meetings and
events, as well as holiday events.
o Belville Elementary School is located on the western side of River Road in the southern portion of the
FLUSA. It is one of ten public elementary schools in the Brunswick County School System.
o A North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission public beach access, boat launch and recreation
area are located south of the bridge on River Road, adjacent to the Brunswick River. The site
includes a large parking lot, pier, restrooms, gazebo and sheltered picnic areas.

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 4
The indirect screening matrix indicated a"Possible Indirect Scenario Assessment." Forecasted
population growth, water/sewer availability, market for development, and notable environmental
features were all rated as being of high concern for potential indirect effects. Forecasted employment
growth was rated as being of moderately-high concern. The remaining matrix categories were rated as
either low or moderately-low. Given the screening matrix result, and the fact that the Town of Leland
envisions waterfront development, a Land Use Scenario Assessment (LUSA) was undertaken to further
investigate likely changes in land use and the resulting potential impacts on water quality.
As part of the LUSA, based on the available features and conditions for development, two Probable
Development Areas (PDAs) were identified within the FLUSA that represent discrete land use nodes in
which land use decisions are most likely to be indirectly affected by the,proposed R-3601 project. The
first PDA identified for this project (PDA 1) contains the Belvedere Heights neighborhood in Leland. The
second PDA (PDA 2) is located in Navassa and contains the Kerr-McGee site as well as the property just
north of it, a former marine supply manufacturing facility that is currently vacant and listed for sale.
Indirect land use effects were evaluated in each of the PQAs by considering the likely development
scenarios that would occur through the time horizon b�th with and withaut construction of the R-3601
project. The amount of variation between the Build and No-Build development scenarios in each PDA
represents the potential for indirect effects of the prc�ject.
Results of the LUSA indicate that construction of the R-36�1 project is likely to have a notable indirect
effect on future land use, albeit in a smaU discrete area. There are, however, existing land use
regulations in place that are known to m
environment. These regulations include 1
NPDES Phase II and state coastal stormw
stormwater runoff in the
land use changes resultir
Brunswick County is a NPQES Phase II
Carolina wherein coastal starmwater
will effectively ma,nage post-c4nstruc
30-foot riparian buffer for redevelap[
well as permanent on-site stormwat�
(BMPs). As a coastal county, existing
areas adjacent to the Brunswick R+
development in the R-3601 Future
Impacts to the enviranment as a re
governments in the project area w
implement density and/or additior
Town of Navassa is currentlu work
he effects of development on the surrounding
i Carolina Coastal Area Management Act (CAMA) and
alatians, which are �II known to reduce impacts of
and thus; are like
3601 projec#.
pped countv ane
r ai
ind
imize
of the
of the runoff created by
coastal counties of North
les and CAMA regulations apply. Existing coastal stormwater rules
n stormwater runoff for all development projects by requiring a
nt activities and a 5Q-foot buffer for new development activities, as
atment rneasures identified in Best Management Practices
regulations will expressly preserve the wetland and estuarine
urgeon Creek and impose strict density requirements on
Study Area (FLUSA).
ilt of changes in land use may be further minimized by local
� have the regulatory authority to use zoning districts as a tool to
buffer requirements for development activities in upland areas. The
g with land conservation biologists with the North Carolina Wildlife
Resources Commission (WRC) to develop a Natural Resources Conservation District Overlay Ordinance,
to potentially be amended to the Navassa Zoning Ordinance. Although the ordinance is still in
development, it is expected to contain guidelines for development activities located on properties that
have been identified to contain significant natural resources. Development guidelines may include
buffer requirements and impervious surface requirements. The ordinance would offer another valuable
level of natural resource protection and growth management if adopted by the Navassa town council.
Adoption of the overlay ordinance (or a similar one) by the Towns of Leland and Belville could protect
sensitive natural resources within the project area even further.

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 5
I. BASE SCREENING INFORMATION
A. Project Overview
Proiect Description
The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) proposes State Transportation
Improvement Program (STIP) Project R-3601 to widen US 17-74-76 from the River Road (NC 133) /
Village Road (SR 1472) Interchange, to the US 421-17-74 / NC 133 Interchange, including
replacement of Brunswick County Bridge Numbers 103 and 105 across the Brunswick River and
Bridge Numbers 107 and 108 over Alligator Creek. In the case of Bridge Numbers 103 and 105, the
dual structures will be replaced with a single, wider bridge structure. A request has been made by
an area municipality to increase the height of Bridge Number' 103 and 105 over the Brunswick River
to eight feet above the mean high tide line and is also currently being considered as a part of the R-
3601 project. The proposal would increase the current bridge height by approximately two to four
feet in order to allow for the passage of recreatianal watercraft under the bridge. The project is
approximately 1.5 miles long and will improve the traffic-carrying capacity o# US 17-74-76 by
adding an additional inside travel lane in each direction.
According to 2009 NCDOT traffic d
on average, annually, along the R-
per hour (mph), and the proposed
The proposed widening is needed to
interchanges and to reduc
development in the prajec
corridor in the future. It is
2025.
As it was ori�inally propas�
nor was it t�lanned tca servi
It is expected that this project
Maior`Cr�nnecting Routes
The US 17-74-76 project corric
primary route eonnecting Brui
service destination both locall
corridor, US-74 and US-76 pro
residents, as well as cor�nectic
US 17-74-76 carr
p'roject corridor
�n speed is 60 m
�stion along this
traffic is expect�
:ed that 92,000 a
pr-aject did not `
:ific developmei
f reauire the prE
�proximately 63,000 vehicles per day
current posted speed limit is 55 miles
ng and merge area between the
;tion of roadway. Due to anticipated
o`increase considerably along the project
icles per day`will utilize this road by the year
an explicit economic development purpose,
ration of a Categorical Exclusion.
Ic�r is used`heavily by both local and seasonal tourist traffic. It is the
iswick County to the City of Wilmington, a major employment and
/ and for the southeast region of North Carolina. West of the project
ride the closest access to/from Interstate 95 for project area
n to North Carolina destinations in Whiteville and Lumberton (US-
74), and Florence, South Carolina (US-76). East of the project corridor, US 17-74-76 provides access
to Interstate 40, the City of Wilmington and nearby destinations of Wrightsville Beach, to the east;
and Carolina Beach, Kure Beach and Fort Fisher, to the southeast. North and south of the project
corridor, US-17 functions as the primary north-south connection along the North Carolina coastline
and inner banks, providing project area residents access to the Brunswick County seat in Bolivia and
Brunswick County beaches, to the south, and numerous northern destinations including
Jacksonville and the Camp Lejeune US Marine Corps Base, and New Bern.

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 6
Proposed NCDOT ST/P Proiects in the Proiect Vicinity
R-2633 (I-140/US-17 Wilmington Bypass): Four-lane divided high-speed, full access control
freeway on new location from I-40 in New Hanover County, to US-17 just south of NC-87 in
Brunswick County near Winnabow and Town Creek. The northernmost section of this project
(Section C) connects I-40 in New Hanover County to US-17-421, north of Wilmington, and has
been complete and open to traffic for a number of years. The southernmost section of this project
(Section A) extends from the southern project terminus at US-17 just south of NC-87, northward to
US-74-76 in Leland, just west of the Brunswick Community College campus, and is scheduled for
completion in summer of 2012. The middle section of the R-2633 project (Section B) is scheduled
to begin construction in 2013 and will connect existing Sections A and C through Navassa. Once
complete, the I-140 project will provide a high-speed bypass ar�und Wilmington and North
Brunswick communities, notably improving mobility through the area for local, regional and
seasonal traffic.
R-4462: Upgrade existing US 74-76 corridor to interstate standards from Whiteville in Columbus
County, to the proposed interchange with I-14b (571P R-2633) in Leland;(Brunswick County). US 74-
76 is the primary route used to access vacatrt�n destinations in New Hanover and Brunswick
Counties by residents living in the Charlotte metropolitan area, and between (Lumberton,
Laurinburg and Rockingham). Once completed, this project tt�gether with the proposed I-140
bypass, will notably improve mability between areas west and destinations in Brunswick and New
Hanover Counties. This project is currently scheduled fnr reprioritization.
• R-4732: Access management improwements along US 17 from US 74-76 in Brunswick County, to
the South Carolina state line. This project will also improve mobility between the I-140 bypass and
destinations in south Brunswick County and Myrtle Beach in South Carolina. This project is
currently schedul�d for reprioritization.
• R-4063: Widen �3illage Road (SR 1472) in Leland to multi-lanes from Old Fayetteville Road (SR
1438), to Lanvale Road (SR 1438). This project is currently scheduled for post-year funding.
• U
, to an interchange
• U-4738 (Cape Fear Skyw
Brunswick County, to th
Wilmington, including a
B. Future Land Use Study
rade'separatic�n of Old Fayetteville Road (SR 1438) and US 74-76 in
This project is currently u�nfunded.
): New location route from proposed I-140 interchange with US 17 in
�tersectic�n of Independence Boulevard and Carolina Beach Road in
�ucture over #he Cape Fear River. This project is currently unfunded.
The Future Land Use Study Area tfLUSA) is defined as the area surrounding a project that could be
indirectly affected as a result af the proposed project and other actions. This study area encompasses
all of the areas examined for potential increases in development pressure as a result of project
construction. Although data is collected for the entire FLUSA, land use effects will not necessarily be
felt throughout the FLUSA.
The area outlined in dashed yellow and black line type on Figure 1 in Appendix A represents the FLUSA
boundary for STIP Project R-3601. The FLUSA for this project is centered along the US 17-74-76
project corridor that is proposed to be widened, and then expands westward to include portions of
the Brunswick County municipalities of Belville, Leland and Navassa, and eastward to include a small
portion of unincorporated Brunswick County.

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment ���� Page 7
The FLUSA is bound on the north by:
• The confluence of the Brunswick and the Cape Fear Rivers
• Old Mill Road NE
• Existing CSX railroad tracks
• US 17 and 74/76 right-of-way boundary and;
• Parcel boundaries within unincorporated Brunswick Co
The FLUSA is bound on the west by:
• S. Navassa Road
• Village Road NE and;
• Parcel boundaries within Leland and BelviJle and unincc
The FLUSA is bound on the south by:
• Parcel boundaries in Belville and unincorporated Bruns
• US 17 and 74/76 right-of-way boundary
The FLUSA is bound on the east by:
• Parcel boundaries along the Brunswick Rivet- and;
• Parcel boundaries alon� the Cape Fear
C. Time Horizon
This LUSA study,�nalyzes groWtn tr
This time;hQrizon repr�sents a rnec
by the Ncirth Carolina State Office �
the variaus planning horizons used
include: Wilm,ington Metropolitan
Transportation �lan (2010), Tawn c
Use Plan (2009). Belville Vision Plai
runswick County
County
nds and,potential development between now and the year 2030.
an of the design year for this project (2025), the time horizon used
f Budget and Management for population projections (2030), and
or comprehensive plans in the area. Existing comprehensive plans
rea Planning Organization (WMPO) Cape Fear Commutes 2035
� Leland Master Plan (2009), Town of Navassa 2030 Future Land
2020 (2007).
D. Other Transportation, Infrastructure and Private Development Projects
This section of the report provides an inventory of all other transportation, infrastructure and private
development actions that are either underway or considered to be reasonably foreseeable (i.e. likely to
occur) in the FLUSA and within the time horizon identified for this study. These projects are identified for
the purpose of inventorying all public and private development actions that may (or may not) contribute
toward the context for cumulative effects as a result of construction of the R-3601 project.
Other Transportation Proiects
There are no other transportation projects proposed in the R-3601 project area aside from those
NCDOT STIP projects listed previously in Section I(A).

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 8
Other Public & Infrastructure Proiects
Belville Master Redevelopment Plan: A mixed-used town center revitalization project "to be
constructed in multiple phases across a period of 20 years (beginning in 2007), and which will
include multi-family homes and other residential uses, parking, marina and river walk; restaurants;
retail storefronts; commercial office and professional space; recreational and/or entertainment
events park; and a multi-purpose municipal building that will include a gathering hall and
administrative offices" (Belville Development Agreement, 2007). A conceptual design for the
Master Redevelopment Plan is attached in Appendix B. Based on a conversation with the Town
Clerk for Belville, the developer that is under contract with the town to implement the Master
Redevelopment Plan is currently involved in litigation that is unrelated to the Belville project, but
which has limited his ability to make progress on the Belville praject. At present, the developer has
acquired a majority of the properties located within the Master Redevelopment site but there are
still several individual property owners that have not yet sold'ta the developer. The agreement
previously made between NCDOT and the developer establishing �terms for acquisition of the
NCDOT property may be dissolved in the near futur� due to the developer's inability to satisfy the
agreed upon terms. The Belville Commissioners are currently working with the developer to
establish a timeline for completion of the Master Redevelopment project, but_at this time the
future of the project is uncertain. It is likely that the Town will be seeking a new developer to take
over implementation of the Redev�lopment Plan if it i� deterrnined to be an option Jegally.
There are also several public infrastr
but are in close proximity to it and a
redevelopment trends occurring in t
• Town of Leland N
current site of thE
home to all city s�
• Just west of the F'
develooment of a
st, a plan'i
just west
jects that ar� not located within the FLUSA boundary
oting as indicators of public investment in growth and
�runswick area. Theseprojects include:
��ipai �ampus: i ne .l o�
�wn Hall (see Figure 2 i
ces.
iA boundary on US 17;
�mmunityArts Center 1
�lopment located an tl
it develQ�ment locatei
the Sturgeon Creek En�
ApplQton Way, borderi
owner. Tha Park will in
recreational non-moto
as a prQject underway to redevelop the
into a municipal campus that will be
:he Town of Leland has a project underway for the
� be located in the commercial section of the
e northern side of US 17 across from Brunswick
in Leland.
USA baundary, the Town of Leland has a project underway to develop
+ironmental Education Park. The Park will be located on a property on
n� Mill Creek; which is expected to be donated to the town by a private
clude a building to be used for educational programs as well as a
rized;boat launch.
Private Development Pro�ects
The approximately 18-acre property on Village Road that has (until recently) been the site of the
Leland Flea Market is currently in the zoning process to be redeveloped into a multi-family mixed-
use development. Construction of the project is expected occur in the near future.
Just west of the FLUSA boundary, across Navassa Road, the Shady Grove townhouse development
is currently in the zoning process. Based on available information, the exact location of this
development appears to be located on Shady Grove Lane.
There are currently plans for a recreational non-motorized boat launch on Mill Creek, accessible
from Appleton Way, on a property that is expected to be donated for public use. The site will

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment ���� Page 9
include the future Sturgeon Creek Environmental Education Park. Note that this project will be
located west of the existing boat launch on Appleton Way.
Permit data for development projects in Leland in 2012 to date:
Commercial Permits Residential Permits
Jan 2012 2 10
Feb 2012 3 16
Mar 2012 0 30
Apr2012 3 19
May 2012 1 29
Jun 2012 1 28
Total 2012 10 132
35
ao
zs
zo
is
io
s
0
lan-12 Feb-12 Mair-12 Apr-12 May-12 lun-12
......... co�me �dai
—Resident'ral
Table 1. Permit Data for Development Projects in Leland over the Past 3 Years
The Navassa town planner noted recent propasals for two large development projects at the future
I-140 bypass interchange near Daniels Road. dne af the proposed projects is entirely residential,
and the other is a Planned Unit Development (PUD) containing a; mixture of residential, commercial
and retail uses. The projects, each proposed by different d�velopers, will result in the addition of
nearly 6,000 residential units. Neither developer has submitted subdivision or permit applications
to date.
E. Population Trends & Prq�jections
The 2010 US Census reported the papulation of Brunswick County tc� be 107,431, representing an overall
growth rate of 46.9% between 2000 and 2010, and an annual growth rate of approximately 3.9% across
the same period (see Table 1). Observed growth rates in Brunswick County between 2000 and 2010 are
notably higher than statewide rat�s (18.5% Querall, 1.7% annually). It should be noted that the three
incorporated municipalities contained within {and beyond) the FLUSA boundary all experienced
significant population growth between 2000 and 2Q10; Leland and Belville were in fact the two fastest
growing incorporated areas inNorth Carolina during this period. Based on a conversation with Leland
town planning staff, their population growth is largely a result of in-migration. According to the local
planner for Navassa, a majority of their growth is attributable to large annexations by the town that
occurred in 2001-2003 and resulted in the addition of approximately 1,000 people to the Navassa
population. Annexatian areas are primarily located north and west of railroad near the future I-140
Wilmington Bypass corridor (see Figure 1).
Population projection data ihdicates that growth is expected to continue through 2030 but will occur at
a slower pace. As depicted in`the population data compiled in Table 1 below, a similar growth trend is
expected to occur both in neighboring New Hanover County, and statewide. Based on the projected
annual growth rate for Brunswick County, and assuming growth in Leland, Navassa and Belville continue
to occur at rates that are similarly proportionate to those observed for the county and municipalities
between the 2000-2010 period projected annual growth rates through 2030 for these municipalities
have been extrapolated and are recorded below in Table 2. Projected annual growth is notably high for
each municipality.

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment ���� Page 10
Observed Population Characteristics
2000-2010
2000 Population* 2010 Population* Overall
(Y of countytotal) (Y of countytotal) Growth
Leland 1,938 (2.7/} 13,527 (12.6/} 598.0%
Navassa 479 (0.7/} 1,505 (1.4/} 214.2%
Belville 285 (0.4/} 1,936 (1.8/} 579.3%
Wilmington 75,838 (47.3/} 106,476 (52.5/} 40.4%
Brunswick Co 73,143 107,431 46.9%
New Hanover Co 160,307 202,667 26.4%
North Carolina 8,049,313 9,535,483 18.5%
Table 2. Population Trends and Projections for FLUSA Geograp
Data Sources: US Census (2000 and 2010) * and NC Office of State Budg�
F. Job Trends & Projections
Projected Population Characteristics
2010-2030
Annual 2030 Overall Annual
Growth Population� Growth Growth
21.5% �.�°o
12.1% 5..:3°0
Data Unavailable
21.1% �. �°o
3.5% �. �°o
3.9% 149,451 39.1% 1.7%
2.4% 272,409 34.4% 1.5%
1.7% 11,631,895 22.0% 1.0%
Manaaement^
Brunswick County is located within the Cape Fear Workforce Development Board (WDB) area, an
economic boundary defined by the NC Employment Security Commission (NCESCj that includes
Brunswick, Columbus, New Hanover and Pender Counti�s, and for which the NCESC publishes
economic and employment data. According to the most recently published data, total employment in
the Cape Fear WDB is projected to increase;by 2.13% annually between 2006 and 2016. Employment
data also indicates that the largest industries in Brunswick County include Trade, Transportation and
Utilities; Professional and Business Services: These`are also the two laxgest industries for the Cape Fear
WDB as a whole. _.
G. Notable Environrnental
Human Environmental Features
A portion of the FLUSA lies within' one of'fQur areas identified in the Town of Leland Master Plan
(20a9) for intended growth as a Regional Center. These areas are intended to be largely mixed-use
activity centers that offer employment and commercial opportunities that attract people from
beyond the immediate neighborhoods and surrounding communities, and which contain the
highest dens,ity residential development'in the area. The particular Regional Center overlapping the
FLUSA is considered the Downtown Leland Center (S-6 Sector) where infill and redevelopment have
been identified as the primary m,ethods of growth based on the existing availability of urban
services and a well-connected Iocal street grid, as well as the attractiveness of underutilized and
vacant land in the area (Leland Master Plan, 2009).
The residential neighborhood located just north of the bridge, and adjacent to the Brunswick River,
in Leland is known locally as the Belvedere Heights neighborhood. According to the local planner,
the neighborhood is considered to be stable and is one of the oldest residential neighborhoods in
Leland.
An existing boat launch and environmental education center is located on Mill Creek, accessible via
Appleton Way, just west of the FLUSA boundary.
Belville Elementary School is located on the western side of River Road in the southern portion of the
FLUSA. It is one of ten public elementary schools in the Brunswick County School System and lies
within the Brunswick County planning jurisdiction, outside of the Belville municipal limits.

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 11
A North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission (NCWRC) public beach access and recreation area is
located directly across the street from Belville Elementary School on River Road in the southern
portion of the FLUSA. The site includes a large parking lot, pier, restrooms, gazebo and sheltered
picnic areas. This park site also lies within the Brunswick County jurisdictional area.
Battleship North Carolina has been permanently moored in a cove of the Cape Fear River in the
northeastern quadrant of the FLUSA since 1961. The ship is accessible via USS North Carolina Road
just north of the eastern R-3601 project terminus at the US-421/NC-133 interchange with US-
17/74/76. The Battleship has approximately 250,000 annual visitors, including a combination of
general daily admission, school groups, private meetings and events, as well as holiday events. During
the summer season, there are typically 1,000 visitors per day. Visitar-ship spikes significantly for
holiday events such as the July 4 fireworks celebration, which attracts nearly 70,000 spectators.
According to Battleship Captain Terry Bragg, parking and traffic congestion are currently issues during
special events at the Battleship. In the next year (fall of 2Q12-winter 2013), the Battleship is
enhancing its facilities to begin offering an overnight option for small groups and special programs.
They are also renovating the Ward's Room in the ship into a full-service kitchen for catering large
private events such as business meetings, retreat groups and weddings.
Several human environmental resources Ic
noting due to their influence on, or service
region as a whole. These resources include
• North Brunswick High Schoal (to vu
• The City of Wilmington downtown
• Cape Fear Community College (in;r
Natural Environm
The project is located on the
reach of the Brunswick River
impaired waters prepared b�
DWQ, the rivEr has impaired
The estuarine area surroundi
of th� US 17-74-76 bridges, a
Areas.
nd
outside the FLUSA boundarv are also worth
iided to, FLUSA residents and/or the North Brunswick
on Old Fayetteville Rd)
�n core (to east)
iern section of downtown Wilmington)
ick River within fhe Cape Fear`River Sub-basin 03-06-17. The
ng through the FLUSA is included on the 2010 list of 303(d)
rth Carolina division of Water Quality (DWQ). According to
life due to low dissolved oxygen.
es Island, sections of the Brunswick and Cape Fear Rivers north
geon Creek, are all designated Significant Natural Heritage
The Brunswick River is also a designated Fish Nursery Area through the FLUSA.
The Kerr-McGee Chemical Corporation property is a Superfund site located in Navassa adjacent to
Brunswick River, to the east, and'Sturgeon Creek, to the south (see Figure 2). The site was formerly
used as a creosote-based wood treating facility from the mid-1930s until 1974. Hazardous chemicals
were used and stored in the'`southwest portion of the property, and several wastewater ponds were
developed throughout the site for containing discharge from the treatment process. The site was
dismantled by the Kerr-McGee Corporation in 1980 and all buildings, equipment and tanks were
removed. According to the EPA: "Site inspection activities (of the Kerr-McGee site) have
documented a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) below the wastewater ponds to a depth of
30 feet below ground surface. The DNAPL is near pure product creosote. In addition, extensive soil
and ground water contamination exists on nearly 100 acres, including the production area. The
wetlands sediments in adjacent Sturgeon Creek are also contaminated with creosote." The now
vacant site was listed on the US EPA National Priority List (NPL) in 2010. The NPL is defined as the list
of national priorities among the known releases or threatened releases of hazardous substances,

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 12
pollutants, or contaminants throughout the US (US EPA), and the list functions to guide the EPA in
determining which sites warrant further investigation. The Kerr-McGee site is one of 46 NPL sites in
North Carolina. At the time of this report, the EPA has completed the Remedial Investigation (RI) of
the Kerr-McGee site and, based on this information, is conducting a Feasibility Study to evaluate
options for site cleanup. Once the Feasibility Study is complete, a cleanup strategy will be chosen by
the EPA and published in the "Proposed Plan." The Plan will be made available for public review and
comment prior to being made final in the Record of Decision (US EPA).
Eagles Island is an area approximately 3,110 acres in size that lies at the confluence of the Cape Fear
and Brunswick Rivers (See Figure 1). The island is a unique estuarine environment that has long been
valued by inhabitants of the region for its cultural and natural history. It is presently owned by an
amalgam of both public and private entities, including private and corporate individuals, the State of
North Carolina (through the NC Division of Soil and Water Conservation, the NC Department of
Transportation and the NC Ports Authority), the US Arrny Carps af Engineers, the New Hanover
County Soil and Water Conservation District, and the Town of Leland. The importance of preserving
the island in its entirety has been recognized in rec�nt years such that the Eagles Island Coalition was
formed (jointly initiated by the New Hanover Soil and Water Conservatian District and the Cape Fear
Resource Conservation and Development, Inc.) with the goal of acquiring individual properties
pursuant to holistic conservation of the island. The majority of;properties on Eagles Island located in
the vicinity of the R-3601 project area are currently in perman�ntly conservation ar under contract to
be in conservation. The ownership and conservation status of all Eagles Island properties to date is
displayed in a figure in Appendix B.
The Toomers Creek WS-IV Water Supp
New Hanover County, nortMeast of and
manufacturing facility. The scauthern pc
Area.
II. ANALYTICAL SCREENING INFORMATI
A. Transportation Irnpact Ca
Travel��Time Savings
The project is expected to re
scope and a speed limit that
Chanpe in Access
The project will not ai
along the existing roa
Exposure to Traffic
rshed is located`imrnediately outside of the FLUSA in
the Cape Fear River from the former boat
; a Criti�al Area �nd the'northern portion is a Protected
in minimal travel time savings during rush hours due to the limited
;pected to remain unchanged through the project corridor.
ess to/from any nearby properties since the proposal is to widen
ignment.
Any increase in average daily traffic exposure as a result of the project is expected to be negligible,
and no properties will be newly exposed. The project is not expected to cause any impacts related
to traffic exposure.
Chanpe in Travel Patterns
No changes in travel patterns are expected as a result of the project because no alternate routes
exist which motorists can use instead of US 17-74-76.

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 13
Transportation/Land Use Node
Construction of the R-3601 project, including the proposed elevation of the bridge height to a total
of eight feet above the mean high tide line, will likely result in the creation of land use nodes. Two
distinct nodes for potential development have been identified: one is located in Leland along the
Brunswick River and Sturgeon Creek, another is located in Navassa along the Brunswick River (see
Figure 2). It is expected that elevation of the bridge over the Brunswick River, which is proposed as
part of the R-3601 project in order to allow necessary clearance for recreational boat traffic to pass
beneath it, will notably increase the likelihood of properties being developed in these two areas, in
particular.
B. Water & Sewer Service in the Area
Based on data available at the time of this report, including input from local officials in Leland, Navassa
and Belville, public water service is available throughout the entire FLUSA and public sewer service is
available for all parts of the FLUSA except properties on the western side 4f the Cape Fear River along
Battleship Road (on Eagles Island).
Water service throughout the FLUSA is provided by Brunswick Regional Water a`nd Sewer. Sewer service
is provided by The Town of Leland for residents within its municipal jurisdiction, and sewer service for
the remainder of the FLUSA in Navassa and Belville is provided by Brunswick Regional Water and Sewer.
C. Development Regulations
CAMA legislation has been in p
development in the twenty co�
sensitive coastal and estuarine
including Brunswick. CAMA leg
land use plan that identifies ar�
Environmental Cancern (AEC)"
resources protection, andmini
develapment within an identifi
Resources Gommission are use
control the density of developr
ce in North Carolina since 1974 for the purpose of managing
tal counties of N4rth Carolina pursuant to balancing the protection of
ysources with economic development objectives in these counties,
lation requires all coastal counties and municipalities to have a local
s containing,ultra-sensitive environmental resources ("Areas of
�nd policies to address'growth, economic development, natural
ization of storm'hazards. A CAMA permit is required for all types of
� AEC and local plans that have been approved by the Coastal
to make these permit decisions. CAMA also functions to strictly
�nt in the coastal zone.
Brunswick County adopted its CAMA Core Land Use Plan in 2007. It was recertified by the Coastal
Resources Commission in 2007. The Brunswick County 15A NCAC 7H Areas of Environmental Concern
(AECs) include estuarine waters and estuarine shorelines, public trust areas, coastal wetlands, ocean
beaches and shorelines, areas of excessive slope, areas of excessive erosion, and natural resource
fragile areas (including significant natural heritage areas and protected lands). (See discussion
starting on Section 5, Page 40 of the Brunswick County CAMA Core Land Use Plan.)
Stormwater Repulations & Ordinances
Brunswick County is a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Phase II Tipped
County. The National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) was established under the
authority of the Clean Water Act in 1972. Phase I of the NPDES stormwater program was
established in 1990 and requires NPDES permit coverage for large or medium municipalities with
populations of 100,000 or more. In North Carolina, there are six Phase I communities. The Phase II

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 14
program extends permit coverage to smaller (< 100,000 population) communities and public
entities that own or operate a municipal separate storm sewer system (MS4) by requiring them to
apply for and obtain a NPDES permit for stormwater discharge. The Towns of Leland and Navassa
both currently have Phase II MS4 permits. Federal law requires communities and public entities
that own or operate a MS4, and that meet either of the following two conditions, to obtain a
NPDES Phase II stormwater permit:
1. The MS4 is located in an urbanized area as determined by the latest Decennial Census of the
Bureau of the Census. If the MS4 is not located entirely within an urbanized area, only the
portion that is within the urbanized area is regulated.
2. The community or public entity is designated by the NPDES permitting authority. In the state
of North Carolina, the NPDES permitting authority is the Environmental Management
Commission (EMC).
North Carolina state stormwater laws provide an additional level af regulation for the twenty
coastal counties. The coastal stormwater rules effectively function to minimize the post-
construction effects of stormwater runoff frorn :development activities by requiring the following
for all development in any one of the twenty coastal counties
1. A minimum vegetative riparian buffer requirement of 30 feet for redevelapment projects
and 50 feet for new development projects (measured from the mean high water line).
2. The use of vegetated conveyances'{permanent waterway lined with vegetation designed to
transport stormwater runoff) for low-density projects, which are defined as projects with a
built-upon/impervious surface area of 24% c�f the total site or less.
3. The use of a storrnwater a
upon/imper�riaus surface
control and treat the stor
event.
�ca� Land Use Ordinances &
ithin the FLUSA, zoning is u
(a) �elville
The pohfiic�r� of Belville locai
area contained,bythe Mas1
The CBD zoning d�strict is ir
Town's residents an�l visito
aesthetic approaches rnay;
encouraged in the CBD.
ntrol system for high-density development projects (a built-
•ea greater than 24% of the total site) that is designed to store,
water runoff fram all surfaces generated by a 1.5 inch rainfall
dations`
the jurisdictions of Leland, Navassa, Belville and Brunswick County:
st south of US 17-74-76 and adjacent to the Brunswick River (the
�development Plan) is zoned as the Central Business District (CBD).
ed to promote an attractive appearance for the enjoyment of the
is recognized that various forms of development and different
ve the same goal; innovation and creativity are strongly
All parts of Belville located south of the CBD are zoned R-10 (residential district). This district is
defined as medium to high-density single family residential areas and additional open areas where
similar single-family residential development will be a viable land use. The uses permitted in this
district are designed to stabilize and protect the essential character of the area and prohibit all
activities of a commercial nature except certain home occupations controlled by specific
limitations.
The narrow strip of properties bound by US 17-74-76 and Blackwell Road in Belville are zoned as
the Business Highway District (BH). The purpose of this district is to provide for the proper grouping

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 15
and development of roadside business uses which will best accommodate the needs of the
motoring public and businesses demanding high volume traffic. The primary type of access in this
district shall be along collector and major/minor arterial roads.
(b) Leland
The existing Town of Leland Master Plan (2009) and Leland Code of Ordinances (2009) are the
primary tools used to guide development in the town. The Master Plan (2009) establishes a vision
for development in both the region and in discreet planning areas within the town. The Leland Code
of Ordinances (2009) is the tool used to establish and enforce zoning regulations in the area.
The area around the intersection of Navassa and Carolina Roads, as well as the properties adjacent
to Navassa Road, are zoned LE-G1 (Commercial business district, general commercial). The G1
general commercial business district is designed to serve bQth nonresidents and residents using the
major roads that run through the areas zoned. This district is designed to accommodate retail or
service establishments customarily patronized by transient trafFic as well as non-transient traffic.
The district shall provide for commercial sites sm�ller than those needed for regional shopping
facilities, and for the clustering of smaller businesses as well as provide for the intermediate
commercial needs of the community. The minirnum lot size in the G1 commercial district is 6,000
square feet.
Properties in the vicinity of the Village Road and US 17-74-751
(Commercial business district, regional business). The"C-2 regi
district is established to accommodate farger commercial fa�il
meeting the needs of the residents of the town, county and r�
centers. It is designed to be located at the intersectians of ma
clustered patterns. This d;istrict is intended to encourage one-
safely accessible locations. The minimum lat size in the C-2 di;
The area along U��.7-74-76 on
established to give the hi,ghesi
coastal wetlan.ds so as to safeE
values. Suitable land and U
priority of use shafl be allo
ensure the continued scen
town, its residents, visitor�
natural, scenic, wooded ar
would impair or interfere �
uses in this district are con
One parcel
an
:ersection are zoned LE-G2
ial business commercial business
es offering goods and services
on, such as malls or shopping
r thoroughfares and occur in
�p shopping at convenient and
ict is 15,000 square feet.
:agles Island is zoned LE-CD (Conservation District). This district is
�riority to the prptection and management of estuarine waters and
aard and perpetuate their biological, social, aesthetic, and economic
uses shall be those consistent with the above objective. Highest
I to the conservation of estuarine waters and coastal wetlands to
d canservation value that these lands and waters provide to the
the surrounding area. The property shall be maintained in its
en condit"ron and restricted from any development or use that
:he conservation purposes of this conservation district. Designated
�t with the preservation goals of the Eagles Island Coalition.
rive and Lee Road is zoned LE-O&I (Office & Institutional)
The area east of Navassa='Road, and bound by the Brunswick River to the east, are zoned primarily
LE-R-20 (Residential district, low density). Development in this district is intended to be low density
residential and other compatible uses, with a minimum lot size of 20,000 square feet. Recognition
of the existing residential development pattern located within the town and on its fringes creates a
need for this district to preserve the character of these established neighborhoods and protect
their associated property values. Land uses considered harmful to the health, safety and welfare of
district residents shall be prohibited from infringing upon the livability of residential areas within
such district. Activities of a commercial nature, except certain home occupations controlled by
specific limitations, are prohibited from this district. Mobile homes and manufactured homes are
also not permitted.

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 16
The area on the north side of Live Oak and along Brookhaven Drive is zoned LE-PUD (Planned unit
development district). The PUD planned unit development district is established for the purpose of
permitting greater flexibility than would normally be allowed in a particular residential district in
the area, yard, space, height and density requirements for construction and development of
residential areas, and to promote and encourage more creative and imaginative site planning and
design than would be possible if such construction and development were in strict compliance with
the requirements for the particular district. It is further the purpose of this district to promote more
economical and efficient use of land while providing a harmonious variety of housing choices, a
higher level of urban amenities and preservation of the natural scenic qualities of open space.
(c) Navassa
The vacant marine manufacturing site and the Kerr-McGee site are both currently zoned HI (Heavy
Industrial). The purpose of this district is to accommodate fabrication, processing, storage and
assembly operations. This district may require extensive loading and unloading facilities or a large
volume of outside storage. Heavy Industrial (HI) uses typically involve a great deal of activity and
storage outside of buildings; large doors are often open; noise, light, heat, smoke, dust, and odors
may be detected beyond the property lines. Also, the hours of operation may fall outside of the
normal eight-to-five routine.
The two parcels in the middle of the Kerr-M
Family Residential). The purpose Qf this district is to ae+
zoned R-20 (L�w-Density Single-
low-density detached residential
development in rural or suburban areas that may not have access to public water and/or sewer
service. This district is designed to aIIQw primarily residential development adjacent to areas that
are rural and agricultural in nature, and'as such, the density and intensity of residential
development in this district is restricted t4provide the maximum amount of compatibility between
residential and rural uses' This district acts as a buffer between rural uses and more suburban
residential development.
The wet area along the river, sauth of the forrner boat manufacturing site and east of the Kerr-
McGee site,,,is currently zoned for Conservation & Recreation (CR). The purpose of this district is to
provid� far;ap�r� space preservation and recreation activities in parks, including low-lying floodplain
of
Th� Town of Navassa is cu
Carolina Wildlife Resoure
Conservatii�n District Ove
Navassa Zonir�g,Ordinanc
Ordinance identifies the p
to protect the health, safe
and connecting the highes
native plants and animals
perm
rrently working with land conservation biologists with the North
es Commission (WRC) to develop language for a Natural Resources
rlay.;Ordinance, which will potentially be amended to Article 7 of the
e and may apply to portions of the FLUSA. Draft language for the
urpose of it "to maintain the quality of life in the Town of Navassa and
ty and general well-being of the citizens of the [town] by conserving
t priority waterways, forests, and habitat for terrestrial and aquatic
in the [town's] jurisdiction while accommodating development and
other land uses." It also states that the overlay district is not intended to be a substitute for other
general zoning district provisions, rather it should be considered additional requirements; and it
is not intended to alter or pre-empt any other applicable federal, state, or local government
regulations as they may apply within or outside the overlay district.
According to the Town of Nassava planner, the WRC has completed a habitat assessment for
Brunswick County and assigned a quality ranking for all lands. Although the overlay district
ordinance is still in development, it is expected to contain development guidelines based upon
the percentage of identified significant natural resources located within the parcel proposed for

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 17
development, as well as buffer requirements and impervious surface requirements. If adopted,
the overlay district would potentially offer an additional level of natural resource protection and
growth management in applicable areas if adopted by the town council. According to one of the
WRC biologists working on the initiative, the Town of Navassa is eagerly pursuing development of
this ordinance and NCWRC intends to assist in promoting its ratification.
(d) Brunswick County
The eastern portion of the FLUSA on Eagles Island is zoned IG (Industrial-General). The I-G District is
intended to provide locations for enterprises engaged in a broad range of manufacturing,
processing, creating, repairing, renovating, painting, cleaning, ar assembly of goods, merchandise
or equipment. Lands in this District are to be located on or near Major Thoroughfares as identified
in the Major Thoroughfare Plan or Cooperative Transportatian Plan; to rail service; and to in-place
infrastructure such as water, sewer, and/or natural gas.
A CDS 1(Corridor Development Standards 1) overlay district applies to the US 17-74-76 corridor on
Eagles Island. The Corridor Development Standards (CDS 1 and CDS 2j Overlay Districts are
intended to ensure that lands adjoining major transportation corridors be developed in a manner
that encourages appropriate land usage, maintains the scenic natural beauty of the area, and
promotes the health and general welfare of the public. Moreaver, applicatian caf the CDS overlay
serves to facilitate the provision of transportation by prornofing the safe and efficient movement of
traffic by encouraging development which reduces or elirninates commercial strip development,
excessive driveway cuts, visual clutter and poor site layout.
D. Available Land
The Future Land Use S#
that are currently deve
commercial, industrial
through specific CAMA
Of the 1.405 acres ct�r�i
potentially available for
either raadway right-of
r Area (FLUSA) totals approximately 1,405 acres and is comprised of: parcels
ed with a mixture of prirnarily single family, but some multi-family residential,
I institutional land uses, vacant parcels, land protected from development
;ulation, water badies and estuarine marshland.
ed within the FLUSA, there are 1,134 acres of land within parcels and
�velopment (see the follawing paragraphs). The remaining 271 acres are
�y c�r Sturgeon Creek, and are not available for development.
The baseline methodology used to determine the amount of land available for development within the
FLUSA consisted af using Brunswick County GIS parcel data to identify parcels within the FLUSA that
currently had no structures or those valued at $20,000 or less ("vacant parcels"). These parcels were
considered available for development and account for 794 acres or 56% of the FLUSA. The next step in
the process consisted of subtracting out the portions of parcels protected from development by CAMA
riparian buffer regulations, defined as a 75 foot building setback from the mean high tide line. To
calculate this acreage, the water bodies layer within the FLUSA was buffered by 75 feet. The vacant
parcel acreage within the 75 foot buffer amounted to 416 acres or 29% of the FLUSA. In conclusion,
based upon this analysis, 378 acres of vacant parcels are available for development outside of CAMA
buffers.
In addition, some of the parcels with structures valued at over $20,000 were determined to be
"underutilized parcels." These included parcels where the land value exceeded the building value,
parcels that were included in the Belville Master Plan, contiguous parcels with the same owner, and
parcels where the planned Leland marina would potentially be sited. Additional analysis used to identify
the underutilized parcels was a combination of: a parcel-by-parcel analysis, a review of aerial

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 18
photography, a review of existing municipal zoning designations, and a review of proposed future land
use designations. After GIS analysis it was determined that the underutilized parcels accounted for 156
acres or 11% of the FLUSA. The amount of underutilized parcel land that was within the required 75 foot
buffer was subtracted out. Based upon this analysis, 114 acres of underutilized parcels are outside of
CAMA buffers and therefore available for development.
The total amount of land available for development is the sum of the available vacant parcels (378 acres)
and the available underutilized parcels (114 acres), and is 492 acres or 35% of the FLUSA.
NC Crews data, which is currently unverified, was used to calculate the amount of wetlands within the
FLUSA. This land was not included within the amount of undevelopable land as the quality of these
wetlands is unknown and therefore permits could conceivably be obtained to develop these portions of
the FLUSA. The amount of NC Crews identified wetlands within the FLUSA is 152 acres.
In conclusion, approximately 492 acres (35%) within
development. The remaining 913 acres (65%) of the
neither vacant nor underutilized), land within roadw
bodies as specified in CAMA regulations. Availabl� I
E. Market for Development
FLUSA are considered available for
SA include parcels that are developed (i.e.,
ght-of-way, and land within 75 feet of water
is shown on Figure 3.,
Current Development Pressures
The FLUSA lies within an area known locally as "North Brunswick," which contains the individual
municipalities of Leland, Belville and Nauassa. The FLUSA boundary contains a portion of each of
these municipalities, thus the development market trends for the region are well represented in
the FLUSA. The North Brunswick area has experienced notably high rates of population growth in
recent years, a result of annexati4ns by area rnunicipalities and in-migration of residents. The
FLUSA and expanded North Brunswick area maintains a healthy market for development based on
a combination of variables, including the large stock of available waterfront land and dry inland
properties �approximateiy;�5 reet ap
close proximityto downtown Wilmin
characteristics available for de�elc�pn
becoming increasingly expensive and
void by proyiding good quality develc
ve sea level), good accessibility to regional highways, and
;ton. Market trends indicate that land with similar
ent in neighboring Wilmington and New Hanover County is
scarce, and communities in North Brunswick are filling the
arnent options at a lower price.
The southeastern region of North Carolina has grown notably in recent decades and developed into
one of the state's major metropolitan areas. The City of Wilmington is at the core, providing a hub
for cultural, educational and eeonomic resources in southeastern North Carolina, and Brunswick
County beaches are`deueloping into a major tourist destination. The I-140 Wilmington Bypass
project (NCDOT STIP Project R-2633) is an indicator of growth in the region, and the development
market in North Brunswick has been influenced by the project. The Town of Navassa annexed a
large volume of previously unincorporated land between 2001 and 2003 that extended the town
limits northward and westward to include the future bypass corridor. The Navassa town planner
noted that the major development trend is for residential uses, especially in the vicinity of the
future I-140 corridor passing north of the FLUSA, and noted recent proposals for two large
development projects at the future I-140 bypass interchange near Daniels Road. One of the
proposed projects is entirely residential, and the other is a Planned Unit Development (PUD)
containing a mixture of residential, commercial and retail uses. The projects, each proposed by

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 19
different developers, will result in the addition of nearly 6,000 residential units. Neither developer
has submitted subdivision or permit applications to date.
Development Market Assumptions
The North Brunswick region and the FLUSA in particular represent an area that has experienced
some of the most notable new growth in the state in recent years. The market for development is
strong and is fueled cooperatively by both public and private investments. Growth trends are
expected to continue in the future and will generally include major new residential developments,
likely at lower densities in locations that are further removed from the town centers and
commercial nodes, and at higher densities in town core locations<and in waterfront neighborhoods.
Infill and redevelopment of properties that are currently underutilized is also expected to be a
major trend in the future, especially within and in close praximity to the FLUSA due to the relatively
large volume of highly attractive, underutilized properties within. Major infill and redevelopment
projects will likely include Planned Unit Developments'{PUDs), residential marinas and mixed-use.
Local visions for the projected growth vary between each of the North Brunswick municipalities.
The Belville Vision 2020 Plan identifies the rnark�t potential for Belville to remain a predominantly
residential bedroom community with major shopping, employment and healfhcare services
provided by the larger neighboring municipalities of Leland and Wilmington.
Alternatively, Leland is actively plann
complementary public uses and cultu
has remained healthy through the re+
planning goals have been clearly esta
development objectives have been a�
established vision for development.
Navassa is the newest<of the th
identity as a community and de
process af deve,loping a Future
Assistance within the DepartrnE
expected to be adapted in Au�i
prioriti�s for development ir
well as the expected compl�
Town of Navassa is likely to
with nearby Leland and Wilr
employment/seruice opport
community.
III. INDIRECT SCREENI
A. Methodology
th
for regional develapment centers in the FLUSA, as well as
opportunities nearby. The pace of development in Leland
t recession years and is expected to continue. Local
:hed through comprehensive planning efforts, and
nced by a lacal planning board that supports the
ree FLUSA municipalities and is still in the process of establishing its
firtimg a vision for d�velopment. The Town is currently in the
Land Use Plan with the aid of the NC Division of Community
�nt of Carnmerce. A draft plan is currently under review and is
ast 2012. The Draft Plan suggests a number of challenges and
e tawn. With its recent acquisition of nearly 1,500 new residents, as
n of the 1-140 Wilmington Bypass occurring in the near term, the
�erience a continuation of past trends in residential development
gton continuing to provide the major commercial/retail and
ties, as the Town grows its identity and long term vision as a
TRIX
The ICE impact categories listed on the Indirect Screening Matrix (see Figure 2) represent a set of
variables that have been shown to influence land development decisions in numerous areas statewide
and nationally. Each impact variable in the ICE screening matrix has been assessed individually in a
manner that is exclusive of all other impact variables. The information used to rate the level of
concern for each impact variable, from a high concern for potential indirect effects as a result of the R-
3601 project, to less concern for potential indirect effects as a result of the project, has been

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment ���� Page 20
documented in detail in the Base Screening Information and Analytical Screening Information sections
of this report. Results are then tabulated for the whole table —for all impact variables —to determine
the overall potential for indirect effects as a result of the proposed R-3601 project.
B. Matrix Results
Individual assessment of the known ICE impact variables and completion of the Indirect Screening
Matrix resulted in a"Possible" need for and Indirect Scenario Assessment. The completed matrix is
represented below in Figure 2.
Scope of Change in Forecasted Pop Forecasted Available Water/ Sewer Market for Notable Env
Rating project Accessibility Growth EmpGrowth Land Availability Development PublicPolicy Features Result
Major > 10 min Notable tf All serwces ' Development
More >3%annual S,OOO+acres NoGrowth Threatened
New traveltime newjobs existing/ activity
Concem Location savinas Pop growth expected available land available � abundant Management resources
�
x
x
..�:: ::fl:::
i
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Less Limited No travel No pop No n€
Concern Scope timesavings growth/decline or�ot
Table 3. Completed Indirect Land Use Effects
A summary of ratings
the proposed R-3601;
Scope of Proiect
Because of the scope of tl
the bridge height to a tot�
this impact variable was r
Chanqe in Accessibility
Because the,;project is expei
minutes), the level of conce
d Land No��serwi
�rilable or in the
�1 of concern far each
�ravided below: ;
-36Q1 prerject is along
�ight of 8 feet above t
� at the moderatelv lo
x SS�}L55
.................... ......................
.................... ......................
� ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Possible Indirect
Scenario
Assessment
...................... ......................
'.'.%5:'.'.
Development More Growth Resources /
Activity Lacking Management Protected
ICE irnpact variable, as they relate to
e existing alignment but proposes to increase
mean high tide line, the level of concern for
to result in minimal travel time savings (within the range of 0-3
�r this impact variable was rated at the moderately low level.
As depicted in the population data outlined in previous sections of this report, population trends
indicate notably high papulation growth rates in the R-3601 project area that are projected to
continue in the future (greater than 3% annually). The level of concern for this impact variable was
thus rated at the high level.
Forecasted Emplovment Growth
In accordance with NCDOT guidance on assessing projected employment growth, a growth rate of
1-2% is generally considered to be moderate, and growth at a rate that is greater than 3% annually
is generally considered to be high. The projected employment growth rate for the Cape Fear region
of approximately 2.13% annually was thus rated at the moderately high level for concern.

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 21
Available Land
Standard methodology for calculating the total amount of land available for development in the
FLUSA yielded a total of 378 available acres. It is important to note, however, that this particular
FLUSA contains a volume of land area that is currently underutilized and has a high potential for
redevelopment. An additional 114 acres of underutilized land was calculated to be available,
resulting in a total of 492 acres. The level of concern for this impact variable was rated at the low
level.
Water/Sewer Availability
All properties which are available for development within the FLUSA are currently provided public
water and sewer services. The level of concern for this impact variable was thus rated at the high
IeveL
Market for Development
The level of current and near future development activity in and near the FLUSA indicates a notable
level of investment in growth and development' by both the public and private sectors in the North
Brunswick region, and in the project area in particular. Based on these variables, the level of
concern for this impact variable was rated at the high level.
Public Policy
Each municipality with jurisdictional areas lying within the FLUSA boundary has a currently adopted
land use plan in place, as dictated by, and in accordance with, NC CAMA legislation. While the
presence of extensive local use planning and zoning typically ir�dicates a low level of concern for
this ICE impact variable, twc� particular factors were considered exceptions for the R-3601 project
area. The current Tciwn of Leland Master Plan,,(2009) explicitly recommends revising existing
development regul�tions in the identified growth and redevelopment sectors for the purpose of
providing the town a greater level of control over the nature and form of development and
redevelopment in these sectors, fJne of the potential land use nodes created by the R-3601 project
lies within one af these sectors and thus future plans for land use in this potential impact area is
unc�rfain at the tirne Q.f this repo�rt. Also�at the time of this report, there are no cooperative
plal�ning efforts ongoing between the different'j�risdictions in the R-3601 FLUSA and there is no
unified vision for developrnent in the North Brunswick area. For these reasons, the level of concern
for local grawth management was rated at the moderately low level.
Notable Envirt�nmental Features:
The Brunswick RivEr is a designated Fish Nursery Area and is included on the NC Division of Water
Quality 303(d) list of impairecl waters. The Kerr-McGee Superfund site is also known to contain
contaminated groundwater and wetland resources. Based on this information, the level of concern
for this impact variable was rated at the high level.
IV. INDIRECT LAND USE DEVELOPMENT SCENARIOS
A. Probable Development Scenarios
In order to qualitatively assess the type of development that could occur in the Future Land Use Study
Area (FLUSA) both with and without the project, several sub-areas have been evaluated. Development
pressures and regulations, including proposed future land uses, proximity to transportation

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 22
infrastructure, availability of water and sewer service, and proximity to population and employment
centers are all variables that influence the pattern and intensity of development in any particular
location.
A Probable Development Area (PDA) represents a sub-group of properties that relate geographically
and are influenced by the same characteristics or factors, and in which land use patterns may be
indirectly affected by construction of the proposed project. Two PDAs have been identified within the
R-3601 Future Land Use Area (see Figure 1). The type of development that may occur within each PDA
is identified below.
PDA 1: Leland
Existing Conditions: This sub-area encompasses the existing Fairview/Belvedere Heights residential
neighborhood, lying entirely within the municipal planning jurisdiction of the Town of Leland. This
neighborhood is one of the oldest in Leland and is bou`nd by fhe Brunswick River to the east,
Sturgeon Creek to the north, commercial uses along Village Road tQ the south, and commercial
uses along Navassa Road to the west. The neighborhood is currently accessible from both Village
Road (via Thomas Garst Lane, Fairview Road or Baldwin Road) and Navassa Road (via Baldwin
Drive), and there is a relatively high level of interconnectivity within the neigl�borhood. The entire
PDA lies within the existing service area for public water and sewer. Current zoning of the PDA is
primarily R-20, which is consistent with the current single-farnily residential develcrpment pattern.
The northern section along Live Oak Road (see Figure is currently zoned for Planned Unit
Development (PUD). According to the Town of Leland Code of Ordinances, "(PUD) means a mixed
use land development project planned as a single development by means of a unitary site plan. This
permits flexibility in building site, mixtures in building types and land uses, usable open space and
preservation of sign,ificant na#ural features." The Leland Ctide of Ordinances also lists several land
use types that are permitted in a PUD zone tQ include hotels,,convenience stores, restaurants,
shopping centers, g41f courses, apartments, condas, and residential marinas. This PDA lies within
one of four areas identified in the lown of Leland Master Plan (2009) for intended growth as a
Regional Center. These areas are intended to be largely mixed-use activity centers that offer
emplayrnent and commercial apportunities that attract people from beyond the immediate
neighborhoods and surro�
development in the area. �
the Downtown Leland Cer
the primary method of grc
the attractiveness of unde
No-Build Development Sc
residential with possik�le f�
ng communities, and which contain the highest density residential
partieular Regional Center in which the PDA lies is considered to be
(S-6 Sector), where infill and redevelopment have been identified as
� based on lall of the existing urban services available in the areas and
lized land (Leland Master Plan, 2009).
The primary land uses in this PDA would continue to be
development into higher density residential.
Build Development Scenario: Land use change in this PDA as a result of the R-3601 project is
expected to be driven by the appeal of waterfront property with optional boat access, and will
likely be in the form of higher density residential, residential marina and mixed use development
with retail and commercial. Change in land use is expected as a result of the proposed increase in
bridge height that will provide new direct access for recreational watercraft to nearby waterways.
The attractiveness of PDA properties located along Sturgeon Creek is further enhanced by the
amount of vacant land available in this portion of the PDA, an existing PDU zoning classification, as
well as the natural protection offered by its location in a cove that is removed from the main
waterway along the Brunswick River.

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 23
PDA 2: Navassa
Existing Conditions: This sub-area lies within the municipal jurisdiction of The Town of Navassa and
contains two large properties, currently zoned Heavy Industrial (HI), that comprise a total land area
of approximately 200 acres. The area is bound by the Brunswick River on the east, a rail line to the
north, Navassa Road to the west, and Sturgeon Creek to the south. The northern of the two
properties is approximately 60 acres in size and contains a vacant warehouse structure formerly
used by a marine and boat supply manufacturer. The structure is vacant and the property has been
listed for sale since 2010. The southern of the two properties is the vacant Kerr-McGee Superfund
site that totals approximately 160 acres in size. As outlined previously in Section I(G), a Feasibility
Study for cleanup of the site is currently underway by the EPA.
No-Build Development Scenario: Land uses in this PDA woulci likely remain unchanged through the
time horizon for this LUSA study. Assuming cleanup of th� K�rr-McGee site within the time horizon
(the average time to clean up a Superfund site is 13-15 years), the Future Land Use Map published
by the Town of Navassa shows the portion of the property that is Iocated adjacent to Navassa Road
being developed for commercial uses, and the rernainder of the property being developed for Light
Industrial (LI) use. The map also indicates future land use of the northerr� property within this PDA
to remain Light Industrial (LI).
Build Development Scenario: Land use change in
expected to be driven by the appeal af wa
facilitated by the ability of developers to r
are currently zoned for. The large size caf b
because of the option for Planned Unit De
While development on the Kerr-McGee si1
possible (and probable) for cleanup to be �
availability of this property for developme
affect land use on the t�ropertv.
B. La
rtront property v�
�one the properti
h properties mak
�lopment (PUD) a
is currently restri
m,pleted within tl
, canstr-uction of`'
rlogv & Matrix
a result of the R-360�..project is also
�ith the option for baat access, and
es for alternative uses from what they
es them appealing to developers
nd%or_subdivision into individual lots.
cted by its Superfund designation, it is
�e 2030 time horizon. Upon
the'R-3601 project is expected to
The categories listed in the scenarin assessment toal (Table 2) have been shown to have a direct
relationship,to future quality of life and effects to resources. The measures used to rate the effects
from a high concern to less concern for qu�lity of life and effects to resources are also supported by
documentatian and case studies, Each category is assessed individually for the Build Scenario and the
No-Build Scenario. Results of the tool represent a comprehensive determination of whether or not
greater quality of life c�:r effects tca resources are expected to result from the project. In general, the
more the Build Scenario and the No-Build Scenario diverge, the greater the potential for future effects
to quality of life or resourees.

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment ���� Page 24
Commercial/industrial/ Strong attraction of A large number of acres A large number of Land development and
More large residential with development in this in the PDA are outside a acres in the PDA are Strip or sprawling stormwater management
Concern development likely
lar�e parkin� lots likelV area re�ulated area outside a planned area �oals not set
�
; � No-Build Scenario
No-Build Scenario
No-Build Scenario I No-Build Scenario
Commercial and/or
Less large residential No population shift All PDAs in n
Concern likely area
development not likely
Table 4. Indirect Scenario Assessment Tool for NCDOT S
C. Land Use Scenario Assessment Results
All PDAs in pla
area
ject R-3601
No-Build Scenario
No-Build Scenario
Likely to support PDAs are consistent with
clustered or higher land development and
stormwater management
ensity development
_ _ goa l s
Based on an examination of the probable de�relopment areas, t,he construction of STIP Project R-3601
will likely have a notable effect on land use in a small area of the Future Land Use Study Area. It is
expected that the project will generally affeet the paee and intensity of existing development trends
for higher density residential and mixed uses, and create a new opportunity for waterfront marina
development in both Qf the PbAs.
Land use effects as a result of the prcrject are most likely to occur first in the Leland PDA due to the
compatibility of existing land uses in this area, existing zoning in the northern portion of the PDA that
supports anticipated uses as a result qf the,project, and current limitations on the ability to develop
sites in the northern P,DA in Nav�ssa:
Future land use in the Navass�
welL The large size of propert'
because of the option to subd
likely to occur within the time
uses will be for the site, its apl
structures, readily accessible i
southern sides.
PDA is expected to be:affected by construction of the R-3601 project as
�s located in this PDA increases their attractiveness to developers
�ide into several smaller properties. Cleanup of the Kerr-McGee site is
iorizon of this'study. While it is currently unknown what the permitted
=al f4r development is extremely high due to it being vacant of
am Navassa Road, and waterfront boundaries on the eastern and
D. Indirect Assessment Summary
NCDOT STIP Project R-3601 is expected to improve the traffic-carrying capacity of US 17-74-76 by
adding an additional inside travel lane in each direction. The alternative to increase the height of
Bridge Numbers 103 and 105 over the Brunswick River to eight feet is being considered as a part of
the R-3601 project at the request of a project area municipality. An increase of the bridge height by
approximately two to four feet, to a total of eight feet above the mean high tide line, would allow
access for recreational watercraft beneath the bridge.

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 25
E. Cumulative Effects Summary
The US Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) defines a cumulative impact to be the impact of the
proposed action (the R-3601 project in this case) when added to other past, present, and reasonably
foreseeable future actions regardless of what agency (federal or non-federal) or person (public or
private) undertakes such other actions. Cumulative impacts can result from individually minor but
collectively significant actions taking place over a period of time (CEQ Guidance). The following
narrative will thus summarize all relevant past, present and future actions, together with known
notable impaired or threatened environmental resources in the FLUSA, to consider in assessing
cumulative effects of the proposed R-3601 project.
Past Actions
• Completion of the first section (section C) of the I-14Q Wilmington Bypass.
• Major land annexations by the Town of Navassa.
• Notably high in-migration of residents to Leland and Belville and resulting in notable
residential and commercial development aetivity.
• Construction of public recreational boat Iaunch and environmental education center on
Mill Creek.
• Conservation of Eagles Island properties located across the Brunswick River from Navassa
and Leland, which has protected the waterfront �i�w for properties adjaGent to the river
in Navassa, Leland and BeluiUe.
• The Brunswick River is listed on'the
designated fish nursery area.
• The estuarine area surraunding Ea�
Rivers north of the US 17-74-76 bri
Natural Heritage Areas.
• The Kerr-McGee site is on the $upE
contaminated Eroundwater and ta
• Designation of N
thE;National Pri
This Action
of
NC DWQ list of 30.
es lsland, sections
g�s, and Sturgeon
paired waters and is a
the Brunswick and Cape Fear
=ek, are all designated Significant
rfund National Priority List (NPL), with known
;ic;sedimentation in wetlands.
y as a Superfund site, and its subsequent addition to
be cleaned up by US EPA.
The R-3601 project proposes to widen US 17-74-76 from the interchange of River Road (NC 133)
and Village Road (SR 1472!)r to the interchange of US 421-17-74 and NC 133, including replacement
of Brunswick County Bridge Numbers 103 and 105 across the Brunswick River and Bridge Numbers
107 and 108 over Alligator Creek. The project also proposes to increase the height of the
replacement bridge structure over the Brunswick River by approximately two to four feet,
resulting in a total bridge height of eight feet above the mean high tide line, in order to allow the
passage of recreational watercraft beneath the bridge. The project is approximately 1.5 miles in
length and will improve the traffic-carrying capacity of US 17-74-76 by adding an additional inside
travel lane in each direction. A majority of project work will occur within the existing right of way.
A majority of project work will occur within the existing right of way.

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 26
Future Actions
• Completion of the I-140 Wilmington Bypass, notably improving mobility within and
through the region by providing an uninterrupted high-speed route from I-40 in New
Hanover County, to US 17 in southern Brunswick County. This action will remove
commuters and seasonal tourist traffic from the local arterial routes in the North
Brunswick area, likely alleviating a number of local congestion issues. The Bypass will also
provide a new level of exposure for Navassa.
• Cleanup of the Kerr-McGee site by US EPA in Navassa is expected to occur within the time
horizon for this project. Redevelopment options for the site are currently unknown.
• Development of the 18-acre flea market property in L�I�nd into a multi-family mixed-use
development. The project is contained within the S-6 planning sector identified by the
Town of Leland as a priority area for infill and redeuelopment into a regional center. The
site is also contained within the Leland PDA.
• The Master Redevelopment Plan in Belville will eventually develop the waterfront section
of Belville adjacent to the southwestern quadrant of the bridge, creating both a local and
regional destination for visitors and boat traffic.
• Construction of recreational boat launches along Mill Creek (upstream from Sturgeon
Creek).
• The Eagles Island Coalition will continue ta acquire properties on the island for the
purpose of conservation, euentually achieving their goal to preserve the entire island.
Eagles Island is a unique enuironmental resource and a valuable asset in the preservation
of water quality, estuarine habi#at and' aesthetic appeal of waterfront views along the
Cape Fear and Brunswick Rivers.
• Build-out of BrunSwick Forest, a major multi-use Planned U.n"it Development on US 17
south of the FLUSA in Leland that will contain a mixture.of commercial, institutional and
residential uses and is expected to serve the region.
• Construction c�f the Lela�d Communitv Arts Center on US 17 south of FLUSA in Leland.
F. Conclusions &
Direct natural environmental impacts, such as construction related stormwater runoff and minor
right of way acquisition impacts, by the R-3601 project will be addressed by avoidance,
minimization, or mitigation, cansistent with programmatic discussions with the natural resource
agencies during the Merger and Permitting processes.
Indirect Effects
Construction of the R-3601 project is likely to have a notable effect on future land use, albeit in a
small discrete area. There are existing land use regulations in place that effectively function to
minimize the effects of development on the surrounding environment. These regulations include
CAMA and NC coastal stormwater regulations, both of which are known to reduce impacts of
post-construction stormwater runoff in the coastal zone and thus will likely minimize impacts of
runoff created by land use changes resulting from the R-3601 project. In addition to development
density controls under CAMA, regulations afforded by coastal stormwater rules include:

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 27
1. A minimum vegetative riparian buffer requirement of 30 feet for redevelopment projects
and 50 feet for new development projects (measured from the mean high water line).
2. The use of vegetated conveyances (permanent waterway lined with vegetation designed
to transport stormwater runoff) for low-density projects, which are defined as projects
with a built-upon/impervious surface area of 24% of the total site or less.
3. The use of a stormwater control system for high-density development projects (a built-
upon/impervious surface area greater than 24% of the total site) that is designed to store,
control and treat the stormwater runoff from all surfaces generated by a 1.5 inch rainfall
event.
Cumulative Effects
Because of the anticipated minimization of indirect impaets of the project, the cumulative effect
of this project, when considered in the context of other past, present and future actions, and the
resulting impact on the notable human and natural features, should be minor. Therefore,
contribution of the project to cumulative impacts resulting from current and planned
development patterns is expected to be minirnal.
Other minimizing efforts, in addition to the existing.buffer
requirements, could include adoption of the conservation �
under development by the Town' of Navassa in collaboratit
Commission. Adoption of the overlay ordinance (or a sirnil
Belville could further protect sensitive natural resources w
d coastal storrnwater BMP
�rfay ordinance that is currently
with NC Wildlife Resources
one) by the Towns of Leland and
in the FLUSA.

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 28
SOURCES
Battleship North Carolina Captain Terry Bragg, Phone Interview on June 19, 2012. Contact information:
[phone], extension 3002. Website: www.battleshipnc.com
Brunswick County CAMA Core Land Use Plan,
http://www.brunswickcountync.�ov/Portals/0/bcfiles/Plannin�/CAMA Core Land Use Plan.pdf.
Accessed on July 2, 2012.
Brunswick County Stormwater Quality Management and Discharge Control Ordinance,
http://www.brunswickcountync.�ov/Portals/0/BC/files/en�ineerin�;JStorm water Ordinance 031708.p
df. Accessed on July 5, 2012.
Brunswick County Zoning Ordinance, http://Iibrary.municode.comJindex.aspx?clientld=19946. Accessed
on July 5, 2012.
Cook, Kacy. North Carolina Wildlife Resources Comrnission Land Conservatian Biologist, conversation on
July 12t", 2012, [phone], [e-mail]�
Eagles Island Coalition: http://www.ea�lesisland.or�;/
Environmental Stewardship Concepts, 2009.
http://estewards.com/assets/4c7002fadab�9d45d3000029/water resources poster.pdf
Town of Leland Planner Ashli Barefoot, Interview Qa#e: June 27, �012
Town of Navassa Planner Sean Ryan, Interview Date: June 20, 2012
Town of Belville Zoning Map, htt�://www.townofbelville.corn/zonin� map.pdf. Accessed on July 2,
2012.
Town of Belville Zoning Ordinance, ht�://www.townofbelville.com/ordinances/article05.pdf. Accessed
on July 2, 2012.
Town of Leiand, The Phase II Stormwater Ordinance,.
http://library.municode.corn/index.aspx?clientld=13302&stateld=33&stateName=North%20Carolina.
Accessed on July 5, 2012.
Town of Leland Zoning Map,
http://www.townofleland.com/Irna�es/TownOfLeland/site/Development Services/Leland Zonin�.pdf.
Accessed on July 2, 2Q12.
Town of Leland Zoning drdinance,
http://librarv.municode.corn/index.aspx?clientld=13302&stateld=33&stateName=North%20Carolina.
Accessed on July 2, 2012.
Town of Navassa Official Zoning Map,
http://www.townofnavassa.or�/ima�es/OfficialZonin�MapJuly2011.pdf. Accessed on July 2, 2012.
Town of Navassa, The Phase II Stormwater Ordinance,
http://www.townofnavassa.or�/ima�es/Navassa Stormwater Ordinance Adoptedl2-16-2010.pdf.
Accessed on July 5, 2012.
Town of Navassa Zoning Ordinance, http://www.townofnavassa.or�/ima�es/Art 4-
Gen Use Zonin� Districts Official Draft Amendedl0-15-09.pdf. Accessed on July 2, 2012.

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 29
US EPA Superfund Sites National Priority List: Kerr-McGee Chemical Corporation. Website:
http://www.epa.�ov/re�ion4/superfund/sites/npl/northcarolina/kerrmc�nc.html

STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I�I� Page 30
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Figure 1
Future Land Use Study Area &
Probable Development Areas
STIP R-3601
R`n�
Legend
� FLUSA Boundary
R-3601 Project Corridor
�__j County Boundaries
Brunswick Parcels (2011)
Railroads
� NC Battleship
_ Eagles Island
_ PDA 2: Navassa
� PDA 1: Leland
Water Bodies
,�' Town of Belville Limits
Town of Leland Limits
� Town of Navassa Limits
_ City of Wilmington Limits
VICINITY MAP N
� ���i 'i '��- � C
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STIP R-3601
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STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment � Page 34
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STIP Project R-3601 Indirect Screening Report & Land Use Scenario Assessment I Page 37
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-.- APPENDIX C: Local Inteniiew Records

INDIRECT LAND USE EFFECTS REPORT
STIP # R-36016runswick County, North Carolina, WBS # 38868.1.1
Local Official Interview with Athina Williams, Town of Belville Town Clerk and Interim Finance Officer
Interviewer: Martha Hodge
Date: July 12, 2012
Location: Telephone — [phone]
1. How many years have you been working with the Town of Leland?
Since 2006
2. Are there any known development projects proposed in the portion of our study area that lies
within the Belville jurisdiction (aside from the Master Redevelopment Plan)?
No
3. What is the status of implementation of the Belville Master Redevelopment Plan?
The developer that is under contract with the town to implement the plan is currently involved in
litigation that is unrelated to the Belville project, but which has limited his ability to make progress
on the Belville project. At present, the developer has acquired a majority of the properties within
the Master Redevelopment site. The agreement previously made between NCDOT and the
developer establishing terms for acquisition of the NCDOT property may be dissolved in the near
future due to the developer's inability to satisfy the agreed upon terms. The Belville Commissioners
are currently working with the developer to establish a timeline for completion of the Master
Redevelopment project, but at this time the future of the project is uncertain. It is likely that the
Town will be seeking a new developer to take over implementation of the Redevelopment Plan if it
is determined to be an option legally.
4. What is the extent of local water and sewer service areas, and who provides?
There is existing water and sewer service in all of the FLUSA area lying within the Belville jurisdiction.
The North Brunswick Sanitary District provides both services.

INDIRECT LAND USE EFFECTS REPORT
STIP # R-36016runswick County, North Carolina, WBS # 38868.1.1
Local Planner Interview with Ashli Barefoot, Town of Leland Senior Planner & Code Enforcement Officer
Interviewer: Martha Hodge
Date: June 27, 2012
Location: Telephone —[phone], and some information obtained via follow-up email
1. How many years have you been working with the Town of Leland, and how familiar are you with
the area?
2. Are there any notable community resources in this area that I may not have been able to readily
identify?
• Town campus where new town hall is being built. Location: existing town hall at the corner of
Town Hall Dr. and Village Rd)
• Community art center under construction to be located in commercial section of Magnolia
green off US 17 (town owns the building and project is publically funded).
• Existing park and water access (kayak launch) on Appleton Way (property owned by town) on
Mill Creek. The site contains a building used by local groups for educational programs.
• Town is about to send out an RFP for a developer to re-classify area in R-6 for form-based zoning
• Belvedere Heights neighborhood (located behind Piggly Wiggly and adjacent to Brunswick River)
is very stable, one of the oldest neighborhoods with no vacant properties
3. Leland experienced significant growth in the most recent Census period, what has been the
primary source of growth? (organic, annexation, in-migration, etc.) Is this growth well-distributed
throughout Leland, or concentrated in particular areas?
In-migration has been the primary driver of population growth. The last major annexation was
Brunswick Forest in 2004. Most growth/new development is occurring south of project area in
portions of Leland served by US 17.

4. What are the major development trends in the area, both in the past and currently? Any
anticipated shifts in development trends in the foreseeable future? I'm looking particularly for
trends in the nature, density and pace of development. Permit data for recent years is very helpful
in quantifying the nature and pace. Also, are there any known plans for development or
infrastructure projects (public or private) in the area?
• Major trends are for commercial and mixed use redevelopment and infill in the project area and
new residential to the south
• Future Sturgeon Creek Environmental Education Park for non-motorized water access to be
located on Appleton Way on a property that is expected to be donated for public use (to be
located west of existing park and boat launch on Appleton Way).
• Plans to develop a motorized boat access from a property (currently privately owned but
expected to be donated to the Town for this use) located just north of the Brunswick River
bridge (exact location unknown). Plans are still preliminary. It is a project the town has
expressed high interest in.
5. To what extent has Leland adhered to the goals and visions established in local planning
documents?
A majority of capital projects that are proposed originate from the Master Plan and there seems to
be general consensus between planning board and the goals/vision of master plan.
6. Our study area for this project includes portions of Leland, Navassa and Belville. What level of
coordination exists among these jurisdictions as far as planning efforts go? Is there any unified
vision for the area?
No coordinated planning goals or vision between the jurisdictions. The existing Hazard Mitigation
Plan is multi-jurisdictional.
7. Leland Master Plan (2009). Is this the most recent comprehensive plan? The Section S-6 planning
area identified in the plan overlaps a portion of the FLUSA. Are there any known development
plans in this area? Permits? Timeline?
Yes, it's the most recently adopted plan.
Known plans for development (projects currently in the zoning phase):
There are plans for a mixed-use development on the'Baldwin property," which has traditionally
been the site of the Leland Flea Market. The property is approximately 18 acres in size and the
development project is currently in the zoning phase.
The Shady Grove townhome development to be located off Village Road.
8. What's the extent of local water and sewer service areas, and who provides?
Existing water and sewer service in all of the FLUSA, some areas of Leland located south of the
project area are still on septic. Town of Leland provides sewer service and the North Brunswick
Sanitary District provides water.

INDIRECT LAND USE EFFECTS REPORT
STIP # R-36016runswick County, North Carolina, WBS # 38868.1.1
Local Planner Interview with Sean Ryan, Town of Navassa Planner
Interviewer: Martha Hodge
Date: June 20, 2012
Location: Telephone —[phone] and some information obtained via follow-up email
1. How many years have you been working with the Town of Navassa, and how familiar are you with
the area?
He has worked for Navassa for 1 year and is fairly familiar with it, although there are always things
that come up that he is not too familiar with.
2. Are there any notable community resources in the project area that I may not have been able to
readily identify? What is the status of the large vacant property south of the marine supply
warehouse? Is it Superfund?
No, there are not any notable community resources in the project area. Existing development in this
area is largely industrial. "Downtown" Main Street area is not very developed and does not really
function as a source of community cohesion.
The marine supply property is currently vacant and has been for sale since late 2010. Brunswick
County is currently marketing the property for sale to other industrial companies. The property
south of the marine industrial site was an old creosote plant. He is not sure if it is "Superfund" but
NCDENR currently categorizes it as an "inactive hazardous waste generator." The US EPA is currently
investigating/testing on the property and he foresees EPA taking an interest in cleaning it up in the
long term future.
3. Navassa experienced significant growth in the most recent Census period, what has been the
primary source of growth? (organic, annexation, in-migration, etc.) Is this growth well-distributed
throughout Leland, or concentrated in particular areas?
In 2001-2003, Navassa annexed several areas located primarily north and west of the rail line (the
northern FLUSA boundary), including the former unincorporated Phoenix community. The total
annexation area resulted in the addition of approximately 1,000 people to the town's population.
Note that the town was not the primary driver of annexation, rather the State. Satellite annexation
of large industrial property (inactive currently but is zoned for industrial use) at the corner of Mt.
Misery and Hooper on the south side of the road.

4. What are the major development trends in the area, both in the past and currently? Any
anticipated shifts in development trends in the foreseeable future? I'm looking particularly for
trends in the nature, density and pace of development. Permit data for recent years is very helpful
in quantifying the nature and pace. Also, are there any known plans for development or
infrastructure projects (public or private) in the area?
The major development trend is for residential uses, primarily concentrated in areas surrounding
the future I-140 corridor and interchange. Two large developments were approved last year (located
north of the RR) and would add a total of approximately 6,000 residential units. One of the
developments is proposed for mixed-use and located on Daniel Rd. near south of the future I-140
interchange. Both developments (each proposed by different developers) have been approved for
zoning as Planned Unit Development (PUD) and have submitted master plans but have not yet
submitted subdivision or permit applications.
5. Our study area for this project includes portions of Leland, Navassa and Belville. What level of
coordination exists among these jurisdictions as far as planning efforts go? Is there any unified
vision for the area?
There is no direct coordination outside of the existing regional committees that each municipality
participates in (i.e. Wilmington MPO, Eagles Island Coalition). The three municipalities, plus
Brunswick County, are planning to work collaboratively on a regional collector street plan in the
nearfuture.
6. What's the extent of local water and sewer service areas, and who provides?
Existing

Wainwright, David
From:
Sent:
To:
Cc:
Subject:
Attachments:
Follow Up Flag:
Flag Status:
Steve/Mason,
Ford, Tris B
Tuesday, July 31, 2012 4:17 PM
Sollod, Steve; Herndon, Mason
O'Connor Kristine A; Mellor, Colin; Hodge, Martha M; Wainwright,
J (Steve) - HEU
STIP R-3601-Draft Land Use Scenario Assessment
R-3601 _DRAFT_LUSA_FIGS_073112. pdf
Follow up
Flagged
David; Gurganus, Stephen
It was good to talk with you all this morning regarding the Dreft Land Use Scenario Assessment (LUSA) for STIP R-3601,
the proposed widening of US-17-74-76 in erunswick County. This LUSA details projected demographic trends,
inventories notable human and natural features, details the regulatory environment and examines the potential for
indirect and cumulative effects, in the form of change in land use, in identified probable development areas in the build
and no-build scenarios. As I stated earlier, the LUSA was initiated after a request was received from the Town of Leland
to reise the bridges (to be replaced with a single strudure) over the Brunswick River to facilitate recreational craft
access.
After some internal NCDOT discussion between NES, HES and Kristine O'Connor the Project Planning Engineer, it was
decided that we would distribute the draft document to you ali for your information and in order for you all to provide
comments prior to us finalizing.
We certainly realize that you are busy and would appreciate your comments on the draft document as soon as you are
able.
Please feel free to contact us if you have any further questions.
Thanks for your time,
Tristram B. Ford
Community Planner
Public Involvement Community Studies
NCDOT— PDEA — Human Environment Section
E: [e-mail]
P:[phone]
F: [phone]
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