20080238 Ver 1_Year 2 Monitoring Report_20100914

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YEAR 2 (2010)
ANNUAL MONITORING REPORT
THREE MILE CREEK RESTORATION SITE
AVERY COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
(Contract #16- D06125 -A)
FULL DELIVERY PROJECT
TO PROVIDE STREAM AND WETLAND MITIGATION
IN THE FRENCH BROAD RIVER BASIN
CATALOGING UNIT 06010108
.1 '12010
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Prepared for:
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA
Restoration Systems, LLC
1101 Haynes Street, Suite 211
Raleigh, North Carolina 27604
Prepared by:
And
September 2010
Axiom Environmental, Inc.
20 Enterprise Street, Suite 7
Raleigh, North Carolina 27607

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Restoration Systems, L.L.C. has completed restoration of streams and wetlands at the Three Mile Creek
Restoration Site (hereafter referred to as the "Site ") to assist the North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement
Program in fulfilling stream and wetland mitigation goals. The Site, located in southwestern Avery
County approximately 5.2 miles northeast of Spruce Pine, North Carolina, provides 8103 stream
mitigation units and 3.7 riparian wetland mitigation units as described in the As -Built Mitigation Plan
dated April 2009. The Site is located in United States Geological Survey (USGS) Hydrologic Unit and
Targeted Local Watershed 06010108010020 (North Carolina Division of Water Quality Subbasin 04 -03-
06) of the French Broad River Basin. This report serves as the Year 2 (2010) annual monitoring report.
Primary activities at the Site included 1) stream restoration, 2) stream enhancement, 3) stream
preservation, 4) wetland restoration and enhancement, 5) soil scarification, and 6) plant community
restoration. Project restoration efforts provide 8103 Stream Mitigation Units and 3.7 riverine Wetland
Mitigation Units.
Eight vegetation plots (10 -meter by 10 -meter in size) were established and permanently monumented.
These plots were surveyed in July 2010 for the Year 2 (2010) monitoring season. Vegetation sampling
across the Site was above the required average density with 637 planted stems per acre surviving. In
addition, each individual plot was above success criteria.
Eleven cross - sections and 3600 linear feet of longitudinal profiles were measured for the Year 2 (2010)
monitoring. As a whole, monitoring measurements indicate that there have been minimal changes in both
the longitudinal profile and cross - sections as compared to as -built data. The as -built channel geometry
compares favorably with the emulated, stable E/C type stream reach as set forth in the detailed mitigation
plan and construction plans. Current monitoring has demonstrated dimension, pattern, and profile were
stable over the course of the monitoring period. The only stream problem area noted within the Site
during the Year 2 (2010) monitoring year includes aggradation within a portion of Tributary 1.
Aggradation has resulted from the installation of a dirt driveway on the neighboring property. Proactive
measures are not recommended at this time to restore channel dimension; however, this reach should be
watched over time to ascertain any instability.
All three of the monitored gauges within restoration areas were inundated/saturated within 12 inches of
the surface for greater than 12.5 percent of the growing season, which extends from May 1 to October 11
(163 days).
In summary, Site vegetation, streams, and wetland hydrology met success criteria for Year 2 (2010)
monitoring.
Annual Monitoring Report Executive Summary
Threemile Stream and Wetland Restoration Site

TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVESUMMARY ............................................................................................ ............................... i
1.0 PROJECT BACKGROUND ............................................................................... ..............................1
Table 2.
1.1 Location and Setting ...................................................................................... ...............................
1
1.2 Project Objectives .......................................................................................... ...............................
1
1.3 Project Structure, Restoration Type, and Approach ....................................... ...............................
1
1.4 Project History and Background ..................................................................... ..............................3
2.0 PROJECT CONDITION AND MONITORING RESULTS .............................. ..............................5
Characteristic Tree Species .............................................................................. ..............................5
2.1 Vegetation Assessment ................................................................................... ..............................5
Table 6.
2.1.1 Vegetation Success Criteria .................................................................... ..............................5
6
2.1.2 Vegetative Problem Areas ..................................................................... ...............................
6
2.2 Stream Assessment ........................................................................................ ...............................
6
2.2.1 Stream Success Criteria .......................................................................... ..............................6
2.2.2 Bankfull Events ....................................................................................... ..............................6
Morphology and Hydraulic Monitoring Summary ...................................... ...............................
2.2.3 Stream Problem Areas ........................................................................... ...............................
6
2.2.4 Categorical Stream Feature Visual Stability Assessment ....................... ..............................6
10
2.2.5 Quantitative Stream Measurements ....................................................... ...............................
7
23 Wetland Assessment ....................................................................................... ..............................7
Table 10.
2.3.1 Wetland Success Criteria ........................................................................ ..............................7
12
2.3.2 Wetland Problem Areas ......................................................................... ...............................
7
2.3.3 Wetland Criteria Attainment ................................................................ ...............................
12
3.0 CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................ .............................12
4.0 REFERENCES .................................................................................................. .............................14
FIGURES
Figure1. Site Location ................................................................................ ............................... Appendix A
Figure 2. Monitoring Plan View ................................................................. ............................... Appendix A
TABLES
Table 1.
Site Restoration Structures and Objectives ...................................................... ..............................2
Table 2.
Project Activity and Reporting History ............................................................ ..............................3
Table3.
Project Contacts .............................................................................................. ...............................
4
Table4.
Project Background .......................................................................................... ..............................4
Table 5.
Characteristic Tree Species .............................................................................. ..............................5
Table 6.
Verification of Bankfull Events ...................................................................... ...............................
6
Table 7.
Categorical Stream Feature Visual Stability Assessment ................................ ..............................7
Table 8.
Baseline Morphology and Hydraulic Summary ............................................... ..............................8
Table 9A.
Morphology and Hydraulic Monitoring Summary ...................................... ...............................
9
Table 9B.
Morphology and Hydraulic Monitoring Summary .................................... ...............................
10
Table 9C.
Morphology and Hydraulic Monitoring Summary ...................................... .............................11
Table 10.
Wetland Criteria Attainment for Year 2 ( 2010) .......................................... ...............................
12
Table 11.
Summary of Groundwater Gauge Results .................................................... .............................12
Table 12.
Summary of Planted Vegetation Plot Results ............................................... .............................13
Annual Monitoring Report page i
Threemile Stream and Wetland Restoration Site

APPENDICES
APPENDIX A. FIGURES
1. Figure 1. Site Location
2. Figure 2. Monitoring Plan View
APPENDIX B. VEGETATION DATA
3. Vegetation Survey Data Tables
4. Vegetation Monitoring Plot Photos
APPENDIX C. GEOMORPHOLOGIC DATA
1. Tables C 1. Visual Morphological Stability Assessment
2. Cross - section Plots and Tables
3. Longitudinal Profile Plots
4. Representative Structure Photographs
APPENDIX D. HYDROLOGY DATA
2010 Groundwater Gauge Data
Annual Monitoring Report page n
Threemile Stream and Wetland Restoration Site

1.0 PROJECT BACKGROUND
1.1 Location and Setting
Restoration Systems, L.L.C. (Restoration Systems) has completed restoration of streams and wetlands at
the Three Mile Creek Restoration Site (hereafter referred to as the "Site ") to assist the North Carolina
Ecosystem Enhancement Program (NCEEP) in fulfilling stream and wetland mitigation goals. The Site,
located in southwestern Avery County approximately 5.2 miles northeast of Spruce Pine, North Carolina,
provides 8103 stream mitigation units and 3.7 riparian wetland mitigation units as described in the April
2009 As -Built Mitigation Plan (Figures 1 and 2, Appendix A). The Site is located in United States
Geological Survey (USGS) Hydrologic Unit and Targeted Local Watershed 06010108010020 (North
Carolina Division of Water Quality Subbasin 04- 03 -06) of the French Broad River Basin.
Directions to the Site:
➢ From Asheville or Raleigh, take I -40 to Marion; take NC 226 north through Linville Falls; go left
on NC 194; site is —4.5 miles on left
➢ Or, From Asheville take 19/23 North to 19E through Spruce Pine to NC 194
➢ Take a right on NC 194 and travel approximately 1.5 miles
➢ The Site is on the right
➢ Latitude, Longitude of Site: 35.9827 °N, 81.9843 °W (NAD83 /WGS84)
1.2 Project Objectives
The primary components of the restoration project included 1) construction of a stable, riffle -pool stream
channel; 2) enhancement of water quality functions within and downstream of the Site; 3) creation of a
natural vegetated buffer along restored stream channels; 4) restoration of jurisdictional riverine wetlands in
the Site; 5) improvement of aquatic habitat and species diversity by enhancing stream bed variability; and
6) restoration of wildlife functions associated with a riparian corridor /stable stream.
1.3 Project Structure, Restoration Type, and Approach
A 26.68 -acre conservation easement was placed on the Site to incorporate all restoration activities. The
Site contains 4.8 acres of hydric soil, Three Mile Creek, 12 unnamed tributaries (UTs) to Three Mile Creek,
Fork Creek, and adjacent floodplains, which represent the primary hydrologic features of the Site. Prior to
construction, the project was characterized by agricultural land utilized for Christmas tree and ornamental
landscape nursery plant production, timber harvest, and livestock grazing. Agricultural practices included
the maintenance and removal of riparian vegetation and relocation, dredging, and straightening of onsite
streams. In addition, hydric soils were disturbed due to regular plowing and vegetation maintenance, hoof
shear from livestock, and the removal of groundwater hydrology inputs from the rerouting and
straightening of Site tributaries.
Restoration of Site streams and wetlands will result in positive benefits for water quality and biological
diversity in the Three Mile Creek watershed. Targeted mitigation efforts at the Site were accomplished by:
1. Removing nonpoint and point sources of pollution associated with agricultural practices including
a) cessation of broadcasting fertilizer, pesticides, and other agricultural chemicals into and adjacent
to the Site and b) provide a forested riparian buffer to treat surface runoff.
2. Reducing sedimentation within onsite and downstream receiving waters by a) reducing bank
erosion associated with vegetation maintenance and plowing adjacent to Site streams and wetlands
and b) planting a forested riparian buffer adjacent to Site streams and wetlands.
3. Reestablishing stream stability and the capacity to transport watershed flows and sediment loads by
restoring a stable dimension, pattern, and profile supported by natural in- stream habitat and
grade /bank stabilization structures.
Annual Monitoring Report page 1
Threemtle Stream and Wetland Restoration Site

4. Promoting floodwater attenuation by a) reconnecting bankfull stream flows to the abandoned
floodplain terrace; b) restoring secondary, dredged, straightened, and entrenched tributaries,
thereby reducing floodwater velocities within smaller catchment basins; c) restoration of
depressional floodplain wetlands and floodwater storage capacity within the Site, and d)
revegetating Site floodplains to increase frictional resistance on floodwaters.
5. Improving aquatic habitat with bed variability and the use of in- stream structures upstream of a
reach identified by the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission as supporting naturally
reproducing rainbow trout populations.
6. Providing a terrestrial wildlife corridor and refuge in an area that is developed for agricultural
production.
As constructed, the Site restored historic stream and wetland functions, which existed onsite prior to
channel straightening and dredging, agricultural impacts, and vegetation removal. Stream construction of
meandering, E/C stream channel resulted in 6057 linear feet of stream restoration, 618 linear feet of stream
enhancement (Level I), 875 linear feet of stream enhancement (Level II), 6421 linear feet of stream
preservation, 2.5 acres of riverine wetland restoration, and 2.3 acres of riverine wetland enhancement
(Table 1).
Table 1. Site Restoration Structures and Objectives
Restoration
Existing
Designed
Station
Mitigation
Priority
Linear
Linear
SMU/
Segment*
Comment
RRange
Type
Approach
Footage/
Footage/
WMU
ReachlD
Acreage
Acreage"
1 +25 -37 +30
Restoration
1
3552
3495
3495
Restoration of a straightened
Three Mile
channel on new location.
Creek
37 +30 -42 +15
Enhancement l
2
485
485
323.3
Restoration of dimension and
pro He in place.
Fork Creek
0 +00 -1 +58
Enhancement II
NA
158
158
63.2
Removal of invasive species
and supplemental planting.
Tributary 1
0 +00 -3 +84
Restoration
1
172
384
384
Restoration of a straightened
channel on new location.
0 +00 -1 +33
Enhancement 1
2
133
133
88.7
Restoration of dimension and
Tributary 2
profile in place.
NA
Enhancement II
NA
351
351
140.4
Removal of invasive species
and supplemental planting.
Restoration of a ditched and
Tributary 3
0 +00 -3 +40
Restoration
1
252
340
340
disturbed channel on new
location.
NA
Preservation
NA
1808
1808
361.6
Preservation of existing reach
Restoration of a ditched and
0 +00 -2 +28
Restoration
1
136
198
198
disturbed channel on new
Tributary 4
location.
NA
Enhancement II
NA
366
366
146.4
Removal of invasive species
and supplemental planting.
Restoration of a ditched and
Tributary 5
0 +00 -2 +44
Restoration
1
150
214
214
disturbed channel on new
location.
NA
Preservation
NA
931
931
186.2
Preservation of stable, forested
stream reaches.
Restoration of a ditched and
0 +00 -2 +44
Restoration
1
124
214
214
disturbed channel on new
Tributary 6a I
I I
I
I
I
I
location.
NA
Preservation
NA
681
681
136.2
Preservation of stable, forested
stream reaches.
Annual Monitoring Report page 2
Threemile Stream and Wetland Restoration Site

Table 1. Site Restoration Structures and Ob'ectives continued
* Locations of each tributary and restoration type are depicted on Sheets 1 -23 in Appendix A (As -built Survey)
** Constructed linear footage excludes crossings or areas outside of easement; therefore, is slightly shorter than stationing depicts.
Priority Approach 1— Convert incised stream to stable stream at historic floodplain elevation.
Priority Approach 2 — Convert incised stream to stable stream and reestablish floodplain at present location.
1.4 Project History and Background
Completed project activities, reporting history, completion dates, project contacts, and background
information are summarized in Tables 2 -4.
Table 2. Project Activity and Reporting History
Activity or Report
Data
Collection
Com letion
Actual
Completion
or Deliver
Restoration Plan
Existing
Designed
Construction Completion
NA
Restoration
Station
Mitigation
Priority
Linear
Linear
SMU/
Year 1 Monitoring (2009)
Segment/
Range
T yp e
Approach
Footage/
Footage/
WMU
Comment
Reach ID*
Acreage
Acreage"
Restoration of a ditched and
Tributary 7
0 +00 -2 +75
Restoration
I
146
245
245
disturbed channel on new
location.
Restoration of a ditched and
0 +00 -3 +43
Restoration
1
519
343
343
disturbed channel on new
location.
Tributary 8
Filling a ditched springhead
242
Restoration
1
242
242
242
systems and braiding
restoration channel.
Tie spring head to design
Tributary 9
0 +00 -0 +43
NA
NA
0
43
0
channel.
Restoration of a ditched and
0 +00 -0 +92
Restoration
1
( 72
92
92
disturbed channel on new
!
location.
Tributary I I a
Braiding surface flow of
228
Restoration
1
228
i
228
228
restoration channel.
NA
Preservation
NA
49
49
9.8
Preservation of stable, forested
stream reaches.
Restoration of a ditched and
Tributary I lb
0 +00 -0 +62
Restoration
1
51
62
62
disturbed channel on new
location.
Preservation
NA
Preservation
NA
2952
2952
5904
Preservation of stable, forested
Tributaries
.
stream reaches.
TOTAL SMUs
8103
Reconstructing site tributaries,
filling ditched channels and
Riparian/
--
Restoration
--
--
2.5
2.5
ditches, rehydrating floodplain
Riverine
soils, and planting with native
Wetlands
forest vegetation.
--
Enhancement
--
__
2.3
12
Planting with native forest
vegetation.
TOTAL WMUs
3.7
* Locations of each tributary and restoration type are depicted on Sheets 1 -23 in Appendix A (As -built Survey)
** Constructed linear footage excludes crossings or areas outside of easement; therefore, is slightly shorter than stationing depicts.
Priority Approach 1— Convert incised stream to stable stream at historic floodplain elevation.
Priority Approach 2 — Convert incised stream to stable stream and reestablish floodplain at present location.
1.4 Project History and Background
Completed project activities, reporting history, completion dates, project contacts, and background
information are summarized in Tables 2 -4.
Table 2. Project Activity and Reporting History
Activity or Report
Data
Collection
Com letion
Actual
Completion
or Deliver
Restoration Plan
August 2007
September 2007
Construction Completion
NA
January 2009
Site Planting
NA
February 2009
Mitigation Plan /As- builts
March 2009
Aril 2009
Year 1 Monitoring (2009)
September 2009
September 2009
Year 2 Monitoring (20 10)
September 2010
September 2010
Annual Monitoring Report page 3
Threemde Stream and Wetland Restoration Site

Table 3. Project Contacts
Full Delivery Provider
Restoration Systems
Drainage Area
1101 Haynes Street, Suite 211
Drainage impervious cover estimate ( %)
Raleigh, North Carolina 27604
Stream Order
George Howard and John Preyer (919) 755 -9490
Designer and
Axiom Environmental, Inc.
Monitoring Performer
20 Enterprise Street, Suite 7
Rosgen Classification of As -built
Raleigh, NC 27607
Dominant Soil Types
Grant Lewis (919) 215 -1693
Construction Contractor
Land Mechanics Designs, Inc.
USGS HUC
126 Circle G Lane
NCDWQ Subbasin
Willow Spring, North Carolina 27592
NCDWQ Classification
Lloyd Glover (919) 422 -3392
Planting Contractor
Carolina Silvics
Any portion of any project segment
upstream of a 303d listed segment?
908 Indian Trail Road
Reasons for 303d listing or stressor
Edenton, North Carolina 27932
% of project easement fenced
Dwight McKinney (252) 482 -8491
Surveying Contractor
K2 Design Group, PA
5758 US Highway 70 East
Goldsboro, North Carolina 27534
John Rudolph (919) 751 -0075
Table 4. Project Background
Project County
Avery County, North Carolina
Drainage Area
Three Mile Creek: 5.1 square miles
Fork Creek: 1.8 square miles
Tributaries: 0.02 -0.2 square mile
Drainage impervious cover estimate ( %)
< 1
Stream Order
Three Mile Creek: Second and Third
Fork Creek: Second
Tributaries: First and Second
Physio ra hic Region
Blue Ridge
Ecore ion
Southern Crystalline Ridges and Mountains
Rosgen Classification of As -built
C/E-type
Dominant Soil Types
Chandler, Cullowhee, Nikwasi, Micaville, Saunook, Thunder
Reference Site ID
Stone Mountain and Cranberry Creek
USGS HUC
06010108010020
NCDWQ Subbasin
04 -03 -06
NCDWQ Classification
WS -IV Tr (Stream Index # 7- 2- 25- (0.7))
Any portion of any project segment
303d listed?
No
Any portion of any project segment
upstream of a 303d listed segment?
Yes, the receiving water of the North Toe River (Stream Index
Number 7- 2- [27.7]b) is listed for impaired biological integrity
and turbidity
Reasons for 303d listing or stressor
Not Applicable
% of project easement fenced
+/-8%
Annual Monitoring Report page 4
Threemile Stream and Wetland Restoration Site

1.5 Monitoring Plan View
Monitoring activities for the Site, including relevant structures and utilities, project features, specific
project structures, and monitoring features are detailed in the monitoring plan view in Figure 2 of Appendix
A. Site features including vegetation, stream dimension (cross- sections), stream profile and pattern,
wetland hydrology, and photographic documentation were monitored in Year 2 (2010).
2.0 PROJECT CONDITION AND MONITORING RESULTS
2.1 Vegetation Assessment
Following Site construction, eight plots (10 -meter by 10 -meter in size) were established and monumented
with metal fence posts at all plot corners and PVC at each plot origin. Sampling was conducted as outlined
in the CVS -EEP Protocol for Recording Vegetation, Version 4.0 (Lee et al. 2006)
(http: / /cvs.bio.unc.edu /methods.htm); results are included in Appendix B. The taxonomic standard for
vegetation used for this document was Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, Georgia, and Surrounding Areas
(Weakley 2007). The locations of vegetation monitoring plots were placed to accurately represent the
entire Site and are depicted on the monitoring plan view in AppendixA.
2.1.1 Vegetation Success Criteria
Success criteria have been established to verify that the vegetation component supports community
elements necessary for forest development. Success criteria are dependent upon density and growth of
"Characteristic Tree Species." Characteristic Tree Species include planted species, species identified
through inventory of a reference (relatively undisturbed) forest community used to orient the planting plan,
and appropriate Schafale and Weakley (1990) community descriptions. All species planted and identified
in the reference forest will be utilized to define "Characteristic Tree Species" as termed in the success
criteria (Table 5).
Table 5. Characteristic Tree Species
Planted Species
Reference Species
Pawpaw (Asimina triloba)
Red maple (Acer rubrum)
Sugarberry (Celtis laevigata)
Ironwood (Carpinus caroliniana)
Redbud (Cercis canadensis)
Dogwood (Cornus forida)
Buttonbush (Cephalanthzts occidentalis)
Strawberry bush (Eeonymous americana)
Silky dogwood (Cornus amomum)
Spice bush (Lindera benzoin)
Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana)
Tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera)
Green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica)
Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis)
Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis)
White pine (Pines strobes)
Black cherry (Prunus serotina)
Black cherry (Prunes serotina)
White oak (Quercus alba)
White oak (Quercus alba)
Swamp chestnut oak (Quercus michauxii)
Red oak (Quercus sp.)
Cherrybark oak (Quercus pagoda)
Rhododendron (Rhododendron sp.)
Northern red oak (Quercus rubra)
Wild azalea ( Rhododendron periclymenoides)
Elderberry (Sambucus canadensis)
Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia)
Hemlock (Tsuga sp.)
An average density of 320 stems per acre of Characteristic Tree Species must be surviving at the end of the
third monitoring year. Subsequently, 290 Characteristic Tree Species per acre must be surviving at the end
of year 4 and 260 Characteristic Tree Species per acre at the end of year 5.
Annual Monitoring Report page 5
Threemile Stream and Wetland Restoration Site

If vegetation success criteria are not achieved, based on average density calculations from combined plots
over the entire restoration area, supplemental planting may be performed with tree species approved by
regulatory agencies. Supplemental planting will be performed as needed until achievement of vegetation
success criteria.
2.1.2 Vegetative Problem Areas
No vegetation problem areas were identified within the Site during Year 2 (20 10) Monitoring.
2.2 Stream Assessment
Eleven permanent cross - sections were established after construction was completed. Measurements of
each cross - section include points at all breaks in slope including top of bank, bankfull, and thalweg. Riffle
cross - sections are classified using the Rosgen stream classification system. Longitudinal profile
measurements of 3600 linear feet of stream include thalweg, water surface, and bankfull; with each
measurement taken at the head of facets (i.e. riffle, run, pool, and glide) in addition to the maximum pool
depth.
2.2.1 Stream Success Criteria
Success criteria for stream restoration will include 1) successful classification of the reach as a functioning
stream system (Rosgen 1996) and 2) channel variables indicative of a stable stream system. Annual
monitoring will continue until success criteria are met and no less than two bankfull events have occurred,
as determined by in situ crest gauge, otherwise monitoring will continue until the second bankfull event has
occurred.
Visual assessment of in- stream structures will be conducted to determine if failure has occurred. Failure of
a structure may be indicated by collapse of the structure, undermining of the structure, abandonment of the
channel around the structure, and/or stream flow beneath the structure.
2.2.2 Bankfull Events
No bankfull events were documented during the Year 2 (2010) monitoring period.
Table 6. Verification of Bankfull Events
Date of Data
Date of
Photo (if
Collection
Occurrence
Method
available
No bankfull events were documented during the monitoring period.
2.2.3 Stream Problem Areas
One stream problem area noted within the Site during the Year 2 (2010) monitoring year includes
aggradation within a portion of Tributary 1. Aggradation has resulted from the installation of a dirt
driveway on the neighboring property. Proactive measures are not recommended at this time to restore
channel dimension; however, this reach should be watched over time to ascertain any instability.
2.2.4 Categorical Stream Feature Visual Stability Assessment
The stream was visually inspected during the Year 2 (2010) monitoring period using eight feature
categories and various metrics within each category. Assessment features included riffles, pools, thalweg,
meanders, channel bed, structures, and root wads /boulders. A table for semi - quantitative assessments of
the stream is included in Appendix C (Table CI). The mean percentage of performance for features is
summarized in the table below.
Annual Monitoring Report page 6
Threemile Stream and Wetland Restoration Site

Table 7. Categorical Stream Feature Visual Stability Assessment
2.2.5 Quantitative Stream Measurements
During the Year 2 (20 10) monitoring period 11 cross- sections and 3600 linear feet of longitudinal profile
were measured. Permanent cross - sections and longitudinal profiles are included in Appendix C; each is
graphically depicted for as -built through Year 2 (2010) for analysis. As a whole, monitoring measurements
indicate minimal changes in both the longitudinal profile and cross- sections as compared to as -built data.
The channel geometry compares favorably with the emulated, stable E/C type stream reach as set forth in
the detailed mitigation plan and as constructed. Current monitoring has demonstrated dimension, pattern,
and profile were stable over the course of the monitoring period. Table for baseline data and annual
quantitative assessments are included below.
2.3 Wetland Assessment
Three groundwater gauges were installed in wetland restoration and enhancement areas to provide
representative coverage of the Site. One additional gauge was placed in a reference wetland area. Graphs
of groundwater hydrology and precipitation from a nearby rain station (Weather Underground 2010) are
included in Appendix D.
2.3.1 Wetland Success Criteria
Target hydrological characteristics include saturation or inundation for 5 to 12.5 percent of the growing
season, during average climatic conditions. During growing seasons with atypical climatic conditions,
groundwater gauges in reference wetlands may dictate threshold hydrology success criteria (75 percent of
reference). These areas are expected to support hydrophytic vegetation. If wetland parameters are
marginal as indicated by vegetation and/or hydrology monitoring, a jurisdictional determination will be
performed.
2.3.2 Wetland Problem Areas
No wetland problem areas were identified within the Site during Year 2 (2010) monitoring.
Annual Monitoring Report page 7
Threemile Stream and Wetland Restoration Site
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Year 5
Feature
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
A. Riffles
O
99%
O
99%
= ::�'.P �`�:�,n' y�7��.:,
=i yf� 3"�� .�s;�n*�'�''.,5,�
�" " d r�'�ak�'x•.n � a
B. Pools
100%
100%
1. ' `;
O f.
6�z
C. Thalwe
100%
100%
, ,
..Y:
D. Meanders
100%
100%
:. �-
•vim � �5� s-
EF
,;,��:��� � �,�;;�: �x
E. Bed General
0
100%
0
100 /0
':;`�"aS�zX- ,.rr'�;<� =r.^�
��
' °" `,i�t•: b a�
' ; >w,
��� °sf,�,i'!�_'I= �S''�`s�',.<±es
F. Banks
100%
100%
�� �e�7.'kr.a:t.5.8^�
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2.2.5 Quantitative Stream Measurements
During the Year 2 (20 10) monitoring period 11 cross- sections and 3600 linear feet of longitudinal profile
were measured. Permanent cross - sections and longitudinal profiles are included in Appendix C; each is
graphically depicted for as -built through Year 2 (2010) for analysis. As a whole, monitoring measurements
indicate minimal changes in both the longitudinal profile and cross- sections as compared to as -built data.
The channel geometry compares favorably with the emulated, stable E/C type stream reach as set forth in
the detailed mitigation plan and as constructed. Current monitoring has demonstrated dimension, pattern,
and profile were stable over the course of the monitoring period. Table for baseline data and annual
quantitative assessments are included below.
2.3 Wetland Assessment
Three groundwater gauges were installed in wetland restoration and enhancement areas to provide
representative coverage of the Site. One additional gauge was placed in a reference wetland area. Graphs
of groundwater hydrology and precipitation from a nearby rain station (Weather Underground 2010) are
included in Appendix D.
2.3.1 Wetland Success Criteria
Target hydrological characteristics include saturation or inundation for 5 to 12.5 percent of the growing
season, during average climatic conditions. During growing seasons with atypical climatic conditions,
groundwater gauges in reference wetlands may dictate threshold hydrology success criteria (75 percent of
reference). These areas are expected to support hydrophytic vegetation. If wetland parameters are
marginal as indicated by vegetation and/or hydrology monitoring, a jurisdictional determination will be
performed.
2.3.2 Wetland Problem Areas
No wetland problem areas were identified within the Site during Year 2 (2010) monitoring.
Annual Monitoring Report page 7
Threemile Stream and Wetland Restoration Site

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2.3.3 Wetland Criteria Attainment
All three of the monitored gauges within restoration areas were inundated/saturated within 12 inches of the
surface for greater than 12.5 percent of the growing season, which extends from May 1 to Ocober 11 (16'
Groundwater data presented in this document was collected through July 30, 2010; data will
continue to be collected throughout the growing season and will be available upon request. Hydrographs
containing groundwater and precipitation data for each gauge can be found in Appendix D.
Table 10. Wetland Criteria Attainment for Year 2 (2010)
3.0 CONCLUSIONS
All three of the monitored gauges within restoration areas were inttndated/saturated within 12 inches of the
surface for greater than 12.5 percent of the growing season, which extends from May 1 to Ocober 11 (163
days). A summary of groundwater gauge data is included in Table 11.
Table 11. Summary of Groundwater Gauge Results
Success Criteria Achieved /Max Consecutive Days During Growing Season
Hydrophytic Vegetation
(Percentage)
Vegetation
Year 2 (2010)*
Year 3 2010
Hydrology
Criteria Met?
Site
Vegetation
Survival
Site
Gauge ID
Threshold
[Max Consecutive Days
Mean
Plot ID
Threshold
Mean
Met?
During Growing Season
Yes /91 dayst
E`ei
t.
(100 percent)
(Percentage)
Met?
1
Yes
Yes /64 days
=
1
Yes
(100 percent)
(34 percent),,
(39 percent)
100%
Ref
53 days
49 days
2
Yes
Yes /91 days
2
Yes
(30 percent)
(100 percent)
3
Yes
Yes /55 days
3
Yes
(34 percent)
100%
4
Yes
5
Yes
6
Yes
7
Yes
8
Yes
3.0 CONCLUSIONS
All three of the monitored gauges within restoration areas were inttndated/saturated within 12 inches of the
surface for greater than 12.5 percent of the growing season, which extends from May 1 to Ocober 11 (163
days). A summary of groundwater gauge data is included in Table 11.
Table 11. Summary of Groundwater Gauge Results
*Data has been collected through July 30, 2010 for the Year 2 (20 10) monitoring season; data will continue to be collected
throughout the remainder of the growing season and will be available upon request.
Annual Monitoring Report page 12
Threemile Stream and Wetland Restoration Site
Success Criteria Achieved /Max Consecutive Days During Growing Season
Gauge
(Percentage)
Year 1 2009
Year 2 (2010)*
Year 3 2010
Year 4 (2012)
Year 5 2013
1
Yes / 101 days
Yes /64 days
'
(62.0 percent)
(39 percent)
s
2
Yes/ 16' days
Yes /91 dayst
E`ei
t.
(100 percent)
(100 percent)
Yes/ 163 days
Yes /55 days
�`
=
(100 percent)
(34 percent),,
1
Ref
53 days
49 days
(32.5 percent)
(30 percent)
*Data has been collected through July 30, 2010 for the Year 2 (20 10) monitoring season; data will continue to be collected
throughout the remainder of the growing season and will be available upon request.
Annual Monitoring Report page 12
Threemile Stream and Wetland Restoration Site

Vegetation sampling across the Site was above the required average density with 637 planted stems per
acre surviving. In addition, each individual plot was above success criteria (Table 12).
Table 12. Summary of Planted Vegetation Plot Results
Annual Monitoring Report page 13
Threemile Stream and Wetland Restoration Site
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Annual Monitoring Report page 13
Threemile Stream and Wetland Restoration Site

4.0 REFERENCES
Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual. Technical
Report Y -87 -1. United States Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg,
Mississippi.
Lee, Michael T., R.K. Peet, S.D. Roberts, and T.R. Wentworth. 2006. CVS -EEP Protocol for
Recording Vegetation, Version 4.0. (online). Available:
http : / /cvs.bio.unc.edu /methods.htm
Rosgen, D. 1996. Applied River Morphology. Wildland Hydrology (Publisher). Pagosa Springs,
Colorado.
Weakley, Alan S. 2007. Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, Georgia, and Surrounding Areas
(online). Available: http: / /www. herbarium .unc.edu /WeaklevsFIora.pdf [February 1,
2008]. University of North Carolina Herbarium, North Carolina Botanical Garden,
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Weather Underground. 2010. Station in Boone, North Carolina. (online). Available:
http: / /www.wunderaround.com/US/NC /Spruce Pine /KTNB.html [August 5, 2010]. Weather
Underground.
Annual Monitoring Report page 14
Threemde Stream and Wetland Restoration Site

APPENDIX A
FIGURES
Figure 1. Site Location
Figure 2. Monitoring Plan View
Annual Monitoring Report Appendices
Threemile Stream and Wetland Restoration Site

�•: i r ,rrrn air' rb,r ',. �._ l � � � - -
Y v K
Directions to the Site from Spruce Pine, North Carolina let /r ; ;A
-> Travel North on US Route 19E for — 5 miles "
> Turn Right on NC Route 194 and Travel -'1.5 miles"
> Site is on Right.
> Latitude, Longitude: 35.9827 °N, 81.9843 °W (NAD83/WGS84)
n
C,
3 '\ ,95' ; F ,� P ,�w .v -� • t 5Ae/� q :� \ $ 'P R� '� +�ac 7:Urylay. xfi ;
221 - ��.. �i ) •� ` 4� t `" > �._.
Site Location
\ a 1133 .t Ntrth d.. °I..A/. MYe �'4 Llmipa. Fall. ~' 9 • `� °.
I A
's
� an
} w+
� _ +e! Y 1 . \ 9 ro `t '• f yse+• ,rg ae�` s'9 J. .L Z�fwk 1 Pte) _,
it
11 -1 3ffwl�
i'' .Mv.4R �•,) 9� l ,i" ��,WiWXIDG[ ' - .Tait, 1 �, 1 —LW * _- �rs•i
_ � ! - 9¢ - ;s•a. i "'!Mi ;snow ~ 4:7 r
r a
- t _ . n w � �'� � Waea.W+ rti•`b � A.' �_ � tl 'p, Trm� y
f � •� I
�� � _o { a / ; � 1 iy :s -j ~ � ,� a F -.• � •� r i f � tom':
i r `170
S.i />!'
Fa@I /S.I.J'� . �Y tZ MI AE A,� �,yt[pUR lky �tl �. j '.�, J� •�}sC�` -r� L".� srw ! 1+ I. �.r
\ t - ,L, - -s+,:• i'.�r 4 t\ - Ili.
., .. —
V- [ r
�,3 � 1 Y .•r J ���.. �L i �`��i' ! -�1� �� �� -.., A 64 '�•, •1 % I � wN/ �-._.I I
0 1 mi. 4 mi.
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G -A h
A l
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1:158,400 tS w
r! Source: 1977 North Carolina Atlas and Gazetteer, pp. 32 3 33.
Dwn. by:
2126 Rowland Pond or SITE LOCATION Ckd by: CLF FIGURE
Willow Spring, NC 27592 WGL
(919)215 -1693 THREE MILE CREEK RESTORATION SITE Date.
(919)341 -3839 fax Avery County, North Carolina - Nov 2008
hx,um rn`;MM Project:
07 -004

APPENDIX B
VEGETATION DATA
1. Vegetation Survey Data Tables
2. Vegetation Monitoring Plot Photos
Annual Monitoring Report Appendices
Threemile Stream and Wetland Restoration Site

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Threemile Stream and Wetland Restoration Site
Year 2 (20 10) Annual Monitoring
Vegetation Plot Photos
Taken July 2010
Annual Monitoring Report Appendices
Threemile Stream and Wetland Restoration Site

APPENDIX C
GEOMORPHOLOGIC DATA
1. Table C1. Qualitative Visual Stability Assessment
2. Cross - section Plots and Tables
3. Longitudinal Profile Plots
4. Representative Structure Photographs
Annual Monitoring Report Appendices
Threemile Stream and Wetland Restoration Site

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Three Mile
Year 2 (2010) Annual Monitoring
Structure Photographs taken May 2010
Annual Monitoring Report Appendices
Threemile Stream and Wetland Restoration Site

Three Mile
Year 2 (2010) Annual Monitoring
Structure Photographs taken May 2010
(continued)
Annual Monitoring Report Appendices
Threemile Stream and Wetland Restoration Site

APPENDIX D
HYDROLOGY DATA
2010 Groundwater Gauge Graphs
Annual Monitoring Report Appendices
Threemile Stream and Wetland Restoration Site

3/1/2010
3/11/2010
3/21/2010
3/31/2010
4/10/2010
4/20/2010
4/30/2010
5/10/2010
5/20/2010
5/30/2010
6/9/2010
6/19/2010
6/29/2010
7/9/2010
7/19/2010
7/29/2010
8/8/2010
8/18/2010
8/28/2010
9/7/2010
9/17/2010
9/27/2010
10/7/2010
10/17/2010
10/27/2010
11/6/2010
11/16/2010
11/26/2010
12/6/2010
12/16/2010
Water Level (inches)
� � � � -� — s
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(sayoui) Iana-1 Ja;eM

3/1/2010
3/11/2010
3/21/2010
3/31/2010
4/10/2010
4/20/2010
4/30/2010
5/10/2010
5/20/2010
5/30/2010
6/9/2010
6/19/2010
6/29/2010
7/9/2010
7/19/2010
7/29/2010
8/8/2010
8/18/2010
8/28/2010
9/7/2010
9/17/2010
9/27/2010
10/7/2010
10/17/2010
10/27/2010
11/6/2010
11/16/2010
11/26/2010
12/6/2010
12/16/2010
Water Level (inches)
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0 LOZ /9 /L L
0 LOZ /LZ /O L
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0 LOZ /L /0 L
0 LOZ /LZ /6
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0 LOZ /L /6
0 LOZ /9Z/9
0 LOZ /9 L/9
0 LOZ /9/9
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0 LOZ /6/L
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0 LOZ /OE /9
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0 LOZ/O L/9
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0 LOZ /LZ /6
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0 LOZ /9 L/9
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0 L OZ /6 L/9
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0 LOZ /OE /9
0 LOZ /OZ /9
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