20210046 Ver 1_B-5823_NRTR_October 2016_20210208

NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
Replacement of Bridge No. 355 on SR 1181 (Hartzog Ford Road)
over the South Fork of the New River
Ashe County,North Carolina
TIP No. B-5823
Federal Aid Project No. BRZ— 1181 (005)
WBS Element No. 45776.1.1
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THE NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Project Development and Environmental Analysis Unit
Natural Environment Section
October 2016

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
2.0 METHODOLOGY AND QUALIFICATIONS 1
3.0 PHYSICAL RESOURCES 1
3.1 Soils 2
3.2 Water Resources 2
4.0 BIOTIC RESOURCES 3
4.1 Terrestrial Communities 3
4.1.1 Maintained/Disturbed 4
4.1.2 Pine/Hardwood Forest 4
4.1.3 Floodplain Forest 4
4.1.4 Pine Dominant 4
4.1.5 Terrestrial Community Impacts 4
4.2 Terrestrial Wildlife 5
4.3 Aquatic Communities 5
4.4 Invasive Species 6
5.0 JURISDICTIONAL ISSUES 6
5.1 Clean Water Act Waters of the U.S. 6
5.2 Clean Water Act Permits 7
5.3 Coastal Area Management Act Areas of Environmental Concern 7
5.4 Construction Moratoria 7
5.5 North Carolina River Basin Buffer Rules 7
5.6 Rivers and Harbors Act Section 10 Navigable Waters 7
5.7 Wetland and Stream Mitigation 7
5.7.1 Avoidance and Minimization of Impacts 7
5.7.2 Compensatory Mitigation of Impacts 8
5.8 Endangered Species Act Protected Species 8
5.9 Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act 14
5.10 Endangered Species Act Candidate Species 15
5.11 Essential Fish Habitat 15
6.0 REFERENCES 16
Appendix A: Figures
Figure 1. Vicinity Map
Figure 2.Project Study Area Map
Figure 3. Jurisdictional Resources and Terrestrial Communities Map
Appendix B: Scientific Names of Species Identified in Report
Appendix C: Wetland Forms
Appendix D: Qualifications of Contributors
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Soils in the study area 2
Table 2.Water resources in the study area 2
Table 3. Physical characteristics of water resources in the study area 3
Table 4. Coverage of terrestrial communities in the study area 5
Table 5.Jurisdictional characteristics of water resources in the study area 6
Table 6. Jurisdictional characteristics of wetlands in the study area 6
Table 7. Federally protected species listed for Ashe County 8

Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5823,Ashe County,N.C.
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) proposes to replace bridge
number 355 on SR 1181 (Hartzog Ford Road) over the South Fork of the New River(TIP
B-5823) in Ashe County (Figure 1). The following Natural Resources Technical Report
(NRTR)has been prepared to assist in the preparation of a Categorical Exclusion (CE) for
the proposed project.
2.0 METHODOLOGY AND QUALIFICATIONS
All work was conducted in accordance with NCDOT Natural Environment Section (NES)
standard operating procedures and the July 2012 NRTR template. Fieldwork was
conducted on March 16 and May 25, 2016. A Jurisdictional Determination (JD) site visit
with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and the North Carolina Division of
Water Resources (NCDWR) has not yet occurred. A Preliminary JD is anticipated for this
project. The principal contributor for this document was:
Principal
Investigator: James S. Mason
Education: B.A., Biology, Colby College, 2000
M.S., Biology/Ecology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte,
2004
Experience: Environmental Program Consultant, NCDOT, Raleigh, NC,
November 2015 —Present
Environmental Specialist, NCDOT, Raleigh, NC, June 2006 —
November 2015
Responsibilities: Wetland/stream assessment, T&E surveys, bald eagle assessment,
communities assessment, GPS, and document preparation.
Additional personnel who contributed to portions of the field work for this project were
Bill Barrett and Jeff Hemphill. Appendix D lists the qualifications of these contributors.
3.0 PHYSICAL RESOURCES
The project study area lies within the Blue Ridge Mountain physiographic province of
North Carolina(Figure 2). Within the project vicinity, elevations range between 2,760 and
3,632 feet above mean sea level(MSL). Specifically within the study area,elevations range
between 2,760 and 2,880 feet above MSL. Land use within the project vicinity primarily
consists of forested land, agriculture, and low-density residential.
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Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5823,Ashe County,N.C.
3.1 Soils
The Ashe County Soil Survey identifies five soil mapping units within the study area
(Table 1).
Table 1. Soils in the study area
Soil Series Mapping Drainage Class Hydric
Unit Status
Braddock gravelly loam, 8 BrD Well Drained Non-hydric
to 15 percent slopes
Chandler loam, 25 to 65 CaF Somewhat Excessively Non-hydric
percent slopes Drained
Colvard fine sandy loam Co Well Drained Hydricl
Evard loam, 25 to 45 EvF Well Drained Non-hydric
percent slopes
Tusquitee loam, 8 to 15 TsD Well Drained Hydricl
percent slopes
1 Soils which are primarily non-hydric,but may contain hydric inclusions.
3.2 Water Resources
Water resources in the study area are part of the New River Basin(U.S. Geological Survey
[USGS] Hydrologic Unit 05050001). Seven jurisdictional resources were identified within
the study area, the South Fork of the New River and six unnamed tributaries (UT) (Table
2). The locations of these water resources are shown in Figure 3. The physical
characteristics of these features are provided in Table 3. No ponds are located within the
study area.
Table 2. Water resources in the study area
Stream Name Map ID NCDWR Index Best Usage
Number Classification
South Fork New River South Fork 10-1-(20.5) WS-V; HQW
New River
UT of South Fork New River SA 10-1-(20.5) WS-V; HQW
UT of South Fork New River SB 10-1-(20.5) WS-V; HQW
UT of South Fork New River SC 10-1-(20.5) WS-V; HQW
UT of South Fork New River SD 10-1-(20.5) WS-V; HQW
UT of South Fork New River SE 10-1-(20.5) WS-V; HQW
UT of South Fork New River SF 10-1-(20.5) WS-V; HQW
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Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5823,Ashe County,N.C.
Table 3. Physical characteristics of water resources in the study area
Bank Channel Water
MapID Height Width Depth Channel Flow Clarity
(ft.) (ft.) (in.) Substrate'
South Fork 6 60 12-84 Bed, Bldr, Fast Clear
New River Co, Gr, Sa
Bldr, Co,
SA 0.5-3 2-3 1-4 Gr, Sa Moderate Clear
SB 0.5-1 0.33-3 0.5-1.5 Native Slow to Clear
Loam Moderate
SC 1-2 1-2 1-3 Gr, Sa Moderate Clear
SD 2-3 2-5 1-6 Bed, Co, Fast Clear
Gr, Sa
S E 0.5-4 1-3 1-5 Bed, Gr Fast Clear
SF 3-4 4 1-2 Si,Native Moderate Clear
Loam
1 Bed—Bedrock;Bldr—Boulder;Co—Cobble;Sa—Sand;Si-Silt
Streams SB and SC both appear to originate from springheads,with a man-made structure
present at the origin of each feature. Stream SB emerges, goes underground, then re-
emerges just prior to flowing into Stream SA. Stream SC flows underground for a majority
of the time, emerging at its origination point, immediately going underground, and only re-
emerging where it joins the South Fork of the New River. Both exhibit perennial
jurisdictional flow in their aboveground portions.
The South Fork of the New River is listed as a High Quality Water (HQW) within and
within 1.0 river mile downstream of the study area (Stream Index No. 10-1-[20.5]). No
Outstanding Resource Waters (ORW),Water Supply I (WS I), or Water Supply II (WS II)
waters occur within or within 1.0 river mile downstream of the study area.No waters within
or within 1.0 river mile downstream of the study area are listed as trout waters by either
NCDWR or the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission(NCWRC) and no waters
within that review area are listed on the 2014 Final 303(d) List of Impaired Waters for
North Carolina.
No benthic macroinvertebrate sampling sites or fish sampling sites were identified within
1.0 river mile of the study area.
4.0 BIOTIC RESOURCES
4.1 Terrestrial Communities
Four terrestrial communities were identified within the study area: maintained/disturbed,
pine/hardwood forest, floodplain forest, and pine dominant. Figure 3 shows the location
and extent of these terrestrial communities in the study area. A brief description of each
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Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5823,Ashe County,N.C.
community type follows. Scientific names of all species identified are included in
Appendix B.
4.1.1 Maintained/Disturbed
The maintained/disturbed community is comprised of roadsides, natural community edges
adjacent to roadsides, residential yards, agricultural fields, or otherwise cleared and
maintained areas. Vegetation within this community included, but was not limited to the
following species: tulip poplar, velvetgrass and other grass species, buttercup, lespedeza,
henbit, red clover, white clover, goldenrod, lesser burdock, broad-leaved plantain,
chickweed, yarrow, common mullein, crown vetch, brackenfern, giant ragweed, phlox,
Virginia creeper, and poison ivy.
4.1.2 Pine/Hardwood Forest
This community type was located at higher elevations within the project study area,
including on steeper slopes above the floodplain of the river. Species within the canopy
included white pine,American beech,northern red oak, chestnut oak,and Fraser magnolia.
Sub-canopy/shrub species included eastern hemlock,tulip poplar, elm, chestnut oak,black
locust, American beech, great laurel, American witchhazel, mulberry,red maple, southern
red oak, pignut hickory, silky dogwood, and wild hydrangea. Herb and vine species
included spiraea, Solomon's seal,false Solomon's seal,multiflora rose, southern lady fern,
bloodroot, fire pink, Christmas fern, wild geranium, wild yam, and hog peanut.
4.1.3 Floodplain Forest
The floodplain forest community in the study area is limited to the remaining narrow strips
of trees and other vegetation along the South Fork of the New River. The remainder of the
floodplain forest has been eliminated due to road maintenance, residential yards, and
agricultural activity. The predominant tree observed was yellow buckeye,with some black
cherry present. Sup-canopy/shrub species included great laurel,black locust,black cherry,
elderberry, ninebark, and silky dogwood. Herbaceous species included flowering spurge,
spiderwort, violet, and hairy angelica.
4.1.4 Pine Dominant
The pine dominant community is located in the southeast quadrant of the study area. It
appears to be a planted stand, with only a small portion located in the study area. It is
dominated by white pine in the canopy, with a sub-canopy that included white pine, box
elder, and staghorn sumac. The herbaceous and vine layer included sawtooth blackberry,
goldenrod,violet, and poison ivy.
4.1.5 Terrestrial Community Impacts
Terrestrial communities in the study area may be impacted by project construction as a
result of grading and paving of portions of the study area.At this time, decisions regarding
the final location and design of the proposed project have not been made. Therefore,
community data are presented in the context of total coverage of each type within the study
area (Table 4). Once a final alignment and preliminary design have been determined,
probable impacts to each community type will be calculated.
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Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5823,Ashe County,N.C.
Table 4. Coverage of terrestrial communities in the study area
Community Coverage (ac.)
Maintained/Disturbed' 5.91
Pine/Hardwood Forest 4.55
Floodplain Forest 0.59
Pine Dominant 0.12
Total 11.172
1 Roadways were included when calculating Maintained/Disturbed acreage.
2 An additional 3.14 ac. of the study area was comprised of the South Fork of the New River,but was not included in
this table since it is not classified as a terrestrial community.
4.2 Terrestrial Wildlife
Terrestrial communities in the study area are comprised of both natural and disturbed
habitats that may support a diversity of wildlife species (those species either observed or
identified by tracks, scat, call, or other means during field visits are indicated with an *).
Mammal species that commonly exploit communities within the study area include eastern
cottontail, raccoon, gray squirrel, Virginia opossum, gray fox, white-tailed deer, and
eastern chipmunk*. Bird species that commonly use habitat types found within the study
area include, but are not limited to: red-tailed hawk, red-shouldered hawk, barred owl,
Carolina chickadee, tufted titmouse, red-bellied woodpecker, eastern phoebe, American
robin, turkey vulture*, northern mockingbird, and Carolina wren.
Herpetofauna are also likely to utilize the terrestrial communities found within the study
area. Reptile species that may be found in the communities described above include black
rat snake,black racer, copperhead, eastern garter snake, and eastern box turtle. Amphibian
species that may be observed include spring peeper, Cope's gray treefrog, Fowler's toad,
and American toad.
4.3 Aquatic Communities
Aquatic communities present within the study area include the South Fork of the New
River, six perennial streams, and one wetland (Wetland WA). These water resources may
provide breeding, shelter, and feeding opportunities for many amphibians. Common
amphibians that inhabit these resources may include green frog,bullfrog,and pickerel frog.
The South Fork of the New River may also support various fish species. Species found
within the study area may include western blacknose dace, mottled sculpin, fantail darter,
and mountain redbelly dace. Streams within the study area may also likely support a variety
of benthic macroinvertebrates including mayflies, stoneflies, caddisflies, dragonflies,
damselflies, beetles, chironomid midges, craneflies, amphipods, isopods, and crayfish.
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Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5823,Ashe County,N.C.
4.4 Invasive Species
One species from the NCDOT Invasive Exotic Plant List for North Carolina was found to
occur in the study area. The species identified was crown vetch(Watch List).NCDOT will
manage invasive plant species as appropriate.
5.0 JURISDICTIONAL ISSUES
5.1 Clean Water Act Waters of the U.S.
Seven jurisdictional resources were identified within the study area(Table 5 and Figure 3).
Since these features displayed geomorphological, hydrological, and biological
characteristics indicative of perennial features, forms were not required. The physical
characteristics and water quality designation of these features are detailed in Section 3.2.
All jurisdictional features have been designated as cool water features for the purposes of
mitigation.
Table 5. Jurisdictional characteristics of water resources in the study area
Map ID Length Classification Compensatory Mitigation River Basin
(ft.) Required Buffer
South Fork 1,207 Perennial Yes Not Subject
New River
SA 351 Perennial Yes Not Subject
SB 26 Perennial Yes Not Subject
SC 4 Perennial Yes Not Subject
SD 161 Perennial Yes Not Subject
SE 133 Perennial Yes Not Subject
SF 46 Perennial _ Yes Not Subject
Total 1,928
One jurisdictional wetland was identified within the study area (Figure 3). Wetland
classification and quality rating data are presented in Table 6. This wetland is within the
New River Basin (USGS Hydrologic Unit 05050001). USACE wetland delineation forms
and a NCDWR wetland rating form for this wetland are included in Appendix C.
Descriptions of the terrestrial communities at this wetland site are presented in Section 4.1.
Wetland WA is included within the pine/hardwood forest community.
Table 6. Jurisdictional characteristics of wetlands in the study area
Map ID NCWAM Hydrologic NCDWR Area (ac.)
Classification Classification Wetland Rating
WA Seep Non-Riparian 11 0.01
Total 0.01
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Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5823,Ashe County,N.C.
5.2 Clean Water Act Permits
The proposed project has been designated as a CE for the purposes of National
Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) documentation. As a result, a Section 404 Nationwide
Permit(NWP)No.23 will likely be applicable.A NWP No. 33 may also apply for temporary
construction activities such as stream dewatering,work bridges,or temporary causeways that
are often used during bridge construction or rehabilitation. The USACE holds the final
discretion as to what permit will be required to authorize project construction. If a Section
404 permit is required,then a corresponding Section 401 Water Quality Certification(WQC)
from NCDWR will also be required.
5.3 Coastal Area Management Act Areas of Environmental Concern
No Coastal Area Management Act(CAMA)Areas of Environmental Concern are located
within the study area.
5.4 Construction Moratoria
No waters within the study area have been identified by the NCWRC as trout waters and no
habitat for anadromous fish is present. Additionally, in a letter from NCWRC dated July 12,
2016, it was stated that significant trout resources are not expected and they would not be
requesting a trout moratorium for this project.
5.5 North Carolina River Basin Buffer Rules
This project is not located within any regulated buffer basins or watersheds and is,
therefore, not subject to NCDWR-enforced buffer rules.
5.6 Rivers and Harbors Act Section 10 Navigable Waters
No surface waters within the study area have been designated as Navigable Waters under
Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act.
5.7 Wetland and Stream Mitigation
5.7.1 Avoidance and Minimization of Impacts
The South Fork of the New River within the project study area is designated as a HQW
water; therefore, it is anticipated that Design Standards in Sensitive Watersheds will apply
to this project.
The NCDOT will attempt to avoid and minimize impacts to streams and wetlands to the
greatest extent practicable in choosing a preferred alternative and during project design. At
this time, no final decisions have been made with regard to the location or design of the
preferred alternative.
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Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5823,Ashe County,N.C.
5.7.2 Compensatory Mitigation of Impacts
The NCDOT will investigate potential on-site stream mitigation opportunities once a final
decision has been rendered with regard to the location of the preferred alternative. If on-
site mitigation is not feasible, mitigation will be provided by the North Carolina
Department of Environmental Quality(NCDEQ), Division of Mitigation Services (DMS).
5.8 Endangered Species Act Protected Species
As of October 4, 2016, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) lists 11 federally
protected species for Ashe County (Table 7). A brief description of this species' habitat
requirements follows, along with its Biological Conclusion rendered based on survey
results in the study area. Habitat requirements for this species are based on the current best
available information from referenced literature and/or USFWS correspondence.
Table 7. Federally protected species listed for Ashe County
Common Name Scientific Name Federal Habitat Biological
Status' Present Conclusion
Blue Ridge goldenrod Solidago spithamaea T No No Effect
bog turtle Glyptemys muhlenbergii T (S/A) No Not
Required
Carolina northern Glaucomys sabrinus E No No Effect
flying squirrel coloratus
gray bat Myotis grisescens E Unknown Unresolved
Heller's blazing star Liatris helleri T No No Effect
northern long-eared bat Myotis septentrionalis T Unknown Unresolved
Hedyotis purpurea var.
Roan Mountain bluet montana (Houstonia E No No Effect
purpurea var. montana)
rock gnome lichen Gymnoderma lineare E No No Effect
spreading avens Geum radiatum E No No Effect
swamp pink Helonias bullata T Yes No Effect
Virginia spiraea Spiraea virginiana T Yes MANLAA2
1 E—Endangered,T—Threatened,T(S/A)—Threatened Due to Similarity of Appearance
2 MANLAA—May Affect,Not Likely To Adversely Affect
Blue Ridge goldenrod
USFWS Optimal Survey Window: July—September
Habitat Description: Blue Ridge goldenrod, endemic to the Appalachian Mountains of
North Carolina and Tennessee,occurs in the High Elevation Rocky Summit natural
community generally at or above elevations of 4,600 feet above MSL along cliffs,
ledges, balds, and dry rock crevices of granite outcrops of the higher mountain
peaks. This early pioneer herb usually grows in full sun on generally acidic soils of
shallow humus or clay loams that are intermittently saturated. The encroachment
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Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5823,Ashe County,N.C.
of woody vegetation such as ericaceous shrubs can eliminate the goldenrod through
competition and shading.Roan Mountain bluet,Heller's blazing star,and spreading
avens are a few of its common associate species.
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
The highest elevation within the project study area is 2,880 feet above MSL,which
is below the elevation range where this species exists. Therefore, no habitat is
present within the study area. Additionally, a review of the N.C. Natural Heritage
Program (NCNHP) database, most recently on September 14, 2016, revealed no
recorded occurrences of this species within a 1.0 mile radius of the project.
Therefore, due to the lack of habitat and occurrences, a biological conclusion of No
Effect has been rendered for this species.
Bog turtle
USFWS Recommended Survey Window: April 1 — October 1 (visual surveys); April 1 —
June 15 (optimal for breeding/nesting); May 1 —June 30 (trapping surveys)
Habitat Description: Bog turtle habitat consists of open,groundwater supplied(spring fed),
graminoid-dominated wetlands along riparian corridors or on seepage slopes.These
habitats are designated as mountain bogs by NCNHP,but they are technically poor,
moderate, or rich fens that may be associated with wet pastures and old drainage
ditches that have saturated muddy substrates with open canopies. These habitats,
found between 700 and 4,500 feet above MSL in the western Piedmont and
mountain counties of North Carolina, often support sphagnum moss and may
contain carnivorous plants. Soil types (poorly drained silt loams) from which bog
turtle habitats have been found include Arkaqua, Chewacla, Dellwood, Codorus
complex, Hatboro, Nikwasi, Potomac — Iotla complex, Reddies, Rosman, Tate —
Cullowhee complex, Toxaway, Tuckasegee — Cullasaja complex, Tusquitee,
Watauga, and Wehadkee.
Biological Conclusion: Not Required
The southern population of the bog turtle is listed as Threatened due to Similarity
of Appearance to the northern population; therefore,the southern population is not
afforded protection under Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act and does not
require Section 7 consultation with the USFWS. Additionally, the only wetland
associated with this project (Wetland WA) is too small to support bog turtles and
no individuals or evidence of individuals were observed in the wetland during site
visits. Furthermore, a review of the NCNHP database, most recently on September
14, 2016,revealed no recorded occurrences of this species within a 1.0 mile radius
of the project.
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Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5823,Ashe County,N.C.
Carolina northern flying squirrel
USFWS Recommended Survey Window: May — October; coldest days in coldest winter
months (nest box surveys)
Habitat Description: There are several isolated populations of the Carolina northern flying
squirrel in the mountains of North Carolina. This nocturnal squirrel prefers the
ecotone between coniferous (red spruce, Fraser fir, or hemlock) and mature
northern hardwood forests (beech, yellow birch, maple, hemlock, red oak, and
buckeye), typically at elevations above 4,500 feet above MSL. In some instances,
the squirrels may be found on narrow, north-facing valleys above 4,000 feet above
MSL. Both forest types are used to search for food and the hardwood forest is used
for nesting sites. Mature forests with a thick evergreen understory and numerous
snags are most preferable. In winter, squirrels inhabit tree cavities in older
hardwoods, particularly yellow birch.
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
The highest elevation within the project study area is 2,880 feet above MSL,which
is below the elevation range that this species prefers.Therefore,no habitat is present
within the study area.Additionally,a review of the NCNHP database,most recently
on September 14, 2016, revealed no recorded occurrences of this species within a
1.0 mile radius of the project. Therefore, due to the lack of habitat and occurrences,
a biological conclusion of No Effect has been rendered for this species.
Gray bat
USFWS Recommended Survey Window: May 15 — August 15 (summer); January 15 —
February 15 (winter)
Habitat Description: Gray bats are known mainly from the cave regions of the Southeast
and Midwest. They live in colonies in caves, utilizing different caves for summer
roosting and winter hibernating. Summer caves are usually within one half mile of
a river or reservoir, which provides foraging habitat. During the summer, females
give birth and rear the young in maternity caves,while males and yearlings roost in
separate bachelor caves. Caves preferred for hibernation are typically deep,vertical
caves with a temperature between 42 and 52 degrees Fahrenheit. Gray bats are
highly selective in choosing suitable caves, and nine known caves are thought to
provide hibernation space for 95 percent of the population. Migration from summer
to winter caves begins in September and is mainly complete by the beginning of
November.
Biological Conclusion: Unresolved
A survey request has been submitted to the NCDOT Biological Surveys Group.
Once surveys have been completed, a biological conclusion will be rendered for
this species.
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Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5823,Ashe County,N.C.
Heller's blazing star
USFWS Optimal Survey Window: July—September
Habitat Description: Heller's blazing star, endemic to the Blue Ridge Mountains of North
Carolina, occurs in the High Elevation Rocky Summit natural community on high
elevation ledges,rock outcrops, cliffs, and balds at elevations of 3,500—5,999 feet
above MSL. This early pioneer, perennial herb grows in acidic and generally
shallow humus or clay loams on igneous and metasedimentary rock. Known
occurrences are intermittently saturated and excessively to moderately poorly
drained. The plant generally occurs in full sunlight with grasses, sedges, and other
composites. Blue Ridge goldenrod, Roan Mountain bluet, and spreading avens are
a few of its common associate species.
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
The highest elevation within the project study area is 2,880 feet above MSL,which
is below the elevation range where this species exists. Therefore, no habitat is
present within the study area.Additionally, a review of the NCNHP database,most
recently on September 14, 2016, revealed no recorded occurrences of this species
within a 1.0 mile radius of the project. Therefore, due to the lack of habitat and
occurrences, a biological conclusion of No Effect has been rendered for this
species.
Northern long-eared bat
USFWS Recommended Survey Window: June 1 —August 15
Habitat Description: In North Carolina, the Northern long-eared bat (NLEB) occurs in the
mountains, with scattered records in the Piedmont and coastal plain. In western
North Carolina, NLEB spend winter hibernating in caves and mines. Since this
species is not known to be a long-distance migrant, and caves and subterranean
mines are extremely rare in eastern North Carolina, it is uncertain whether or where
NLEB hibernate in eastern North Carolina. During the summer,NLEB roost singly
or in colonies underneath bark, in cavities, or in crevices of both live and dead trees
(typically >3 inches diameter at breast height [dbh]). Males and non-reproductive
females may also roost in cooler places, like caves and mines. This bat also been
found, rarely, roosting in structures like barns and sheds, under eaves of buildings,
behind window shutters, in bridges, and in bat houses. Foraging occurs on forested
hillsides and ridges, and occasionally over forest clearings, over water, and along
tree-lined corridors. Mature forests may be an important habitat type for foraging.
Biological Conclusion: Unresolved
A survey request has been submitted to the NCDOT Biological Surveys Group.
Once surveys have been completed, a biological conclusion will be rendered for
this species.
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Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5823,Ashe County,N.C.
Roan Mountain bluet
USFWS Optimal Survey Window: June—July
Habitat Description: Roan Mountain bluet occurs on thin, gravelly talus slopes of grassy
balds, cliff ledges, shallow soils in crevices of rock outcrops, and steep slopes with
full sun at the summits of high elevations peaks of the southern Blue Ridge
Mountains. The plant is found at elevations of 4,200—6,300 feet above MSL, and
often has a north, northwest, south, or southwest aspect. Known occurrences
typically grow in gravel-filled, acidic, and metamorphic-derived soil pockets
between underlying mafic rock. Fraser fir and red spruce dominate the forests
adjacent to known occurrences. Blue Ridge goldenrod, Heller's blazing star, and
spreading avens are a few of its common associate species.
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
The highest elevation within the project study area is 2,880 feet above MSL,which
is below the elevation range where this species exists. Therefore, no habitat is
present within the study area.Additionally, a review of the NCNHP database,most
recently on September 14, 2016, revealed no recorded occurrences of this species
within a 1.0 mile radius of the project. Therefore, due to the lack of habitat and
occurrences, a biological conclusion of No Effect has been rendered for this
species.
Rock gnome lichen
USFWS Optimal Survey Window: year-round
Habitat Description: Rock gnome lichen occurs in high elevation coniferous forests
(particularly those dominated by red spruce and Fraser fir)usually on rocky outcrop
or cliff habitats. This squamulose lichen only grows in areas with a great deal of
humidity, such as high elevations above 5,000 feet above MSL where there is often
fog, or on boulders and large outcrops in deep river gorges at lower elevations.
Habitat is primarily limited to vertical rock faces where seepage water from forest
soils above flows only at very wet times. The species requires a moderate amount
of sunlight, but cannot tolerate high-intensity solar radiation. The lichen does well
on moist, generally open sites with northern exposures, but requires at least partial
canopy coverage on southern or western aspects because of its intolerance to high
solar radiation.
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
The highest elevation within the project study area is 2,880 feet above MSL,which
is below the elevation range where this species exists. Therefore, no habitat is
present within the study area.Additionally, a review of the NCNHP database,most
recently on September 14, 2016, revealed no recorded occurrences of this species
within a 1.0 mile radius of the project. Therefore, due to the lack of habitat and
occurrences, a biological conclusion of No Effect has been rendered for this
species.
12 October 2016

Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5823,Ashe County,N.C.
Spreading avens
USFWS Optimal Survey Window: June—September
Habitat Description: Spreading avens occurs in areas exposed to full sun on high-elevation
cliffs, outcrops, and bases of steep talus slopes. This perennial herb also occurs in
thin, gravelly soils of grassy balds near summit outcrops. The species prefers a
northwest aspect, but can be found on west-southwest through north-northeast
aspects. Forests surrounding known occurrences are generally dominated by either
red spruce-Fraser fir, northern hardwoods with scattered spruce, or high-elevation
red oaks. Spreading avens typically occurs in shallow, acidic soil (such as the
Burton series)in cracks and crevices of igneous,metamorphic, or metasedimentary
rocks. Soils may be well drained but almost continuously wet, with soils at some
known occurrences subject to drying out in summer due to exposure to sun and
shallow depths.Known populations occur at elevations ranging from 4,296 to 6,268
feet above MSL. Blue Ridge goldenrod, Heller's blazing star, and Roan Mountain
bluet are a few of its common associate species.
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
The highest elevation within the project study area is 2,880 feet above MSL,which
is below the elevation range where this species exists. Therefore, no habitat is
present within the study area. Additionally, a review of the NCNHP database,most
recently on September 14, 2016, revealed no recorded occurrences of this species
within a 1.0 mile radius of the project. Therefore, due to the lack of habitat and
occurrences, a biological conclusion of No Effect has been rendered for this
species.
Swamp pink
USFWS Optimal Survey Window: April—May
Habitat Description: Swamp pink occurs in clonal clumps in a variety of groundwater-
influenced wetland habitats including southern Appalachian bogs and swamps,
Atlantic white cedar swamps, swampy forests bordering meandering small streams,
boggy meadows,headwater wetlands,and spring seepage areas.The perennial herb
requires a constantly saturated,but not flooded,water supply.The plant often grows
on hummocks formed by trees, shrubs, and sphagnum moss, and exhibits varying
degrees of shade tolerance. Swamp pink occurs in acidic soils that contain a very
thin layer of decomposed organic matter over a dark silt loam and a subsoil of sand,
loam, and gravel.
Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Although small in size, Wetland WA qualifies as habitat due to its classification as
a seep. Therefore, a plant-by-plant survey was performed on May 25, 2016 by
NCDOT biologists. No individuals were observed. Additionally, a review of the
NCNHP database, most recently on September 14, 2016, revealed no recorded
13 October 2016

Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5823,Ashe County,N.C.
occurrences of this species within a 1.0 mile radius of the project. Therefore, due
to the lack of individuals and occurrences, a biological conclusion of No Effect has
been rendered for this species.
Virginia spiraea
USFWS Optimal Survey Window: May—early July
Habitat Description: Virginia spiraea occurs in flood-scoured, high-gradient sections of
rocky river banks of second and third order streams, often in gorges or canyons.
This perennial shrub grows in sunny areas on moist, acidic soils, primarily over
sandstone. The shrub tends to be found in thickets with little arboreal or herbaceous
competition along early successional areas that rely on periodic disturbances such
as high-velocity scouring floods to eliminate such competition. Virginia spiraea
also occurs on meander scrolls and point bars, natural levees, and other braided
features of lower stream reaches, often near the stream mouth. Scoured, riverine
habitat sites are found where deposition occurs after high water flows, such as on
floodplains and overwash islands, rather than along areas of maximum erosion.
Occurrences in depositional habitats are found among riparian debris piles, on fine
alluvial sand and other alluvial deposits, or between boulders.
Biological Conclusion: May Affect,Not Likely to Adversely Affect
Habitat is present within the project study area along the banks of the South Fork
of the New River. Additionally,a review of the NCNHP database,most recently on
September 14,2016,revealed multiple occurrences of Virginia spiraea within a 1.0
mile radius of the project, all along the South Fork of the New River. The closest
occurrence (Element Occurrence No. 17) is partially located within the study area,
along the western bank of the river, north of the bridge. Due to the presence of an
extant occurrence and viable habitat, a thorough plant-by-plant survey was
performed within the study area by NCDOT biologists on May 25, 2016. No
individuals were identified within the study area; however, individuals were
identified along the western bank of the river approximately 290 feet north of the
study area.Due to the proximity of the identified individuals,the extant occurrence,
and the presence of habitat, a biological conclusion of May Affect, Not Likely to
Adversely Affect has been rendered for this species. Although individuals were not
identified within the study area, since the occurrence extends into the study area,
additional surveys will be required to ensure that no individuals are present and in
danger of potential impact.
5.9 Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act
Habitat for the bald eagle primarily consists of mature forest in proximity to large bodies
of open water for foraging. Large, dominant trees are utilized for nesting sites, typically
within 1.0 mile of open water.
14 October 2016

Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5823,Ashe County,N.C.
A desktop-GIS assessment of the study area, as well as the area within a 1.13-mile radius
(1.0 mile plus 660 feet) of the project limits,was performed on March 3, 2016 using 2014
color aerials. The South Fork of the New River within the review area was large
enough/sufficiently open to be considered a potential feeding source. Since foraging habitat
was identified within the review area, a survey within the study area and the area within
660 feet of the project was performed by NCDOT biologists on March 16, 2016. No
individuals or nests were identified. Additionally, a review of the NCNHP database, most
recently on September 14,2016,revealed no known occurrences of this species within 1.13
miles of the study area. Due to the lack of individuals,nests,or known occurrences, as well
as the minimal impact anticipated for this project, it has been determined that this project
will not affect this species.
5.10 Endangered Species Act Candidate Species
As of October 4, 2016, the USFWS lists no Candidate species for Ashe County.
5.11 Essential Fish Habitat
No jurisdictional waters within the study area have been designated as Essential Fish Habitat
by the National Marines Fisheries Service (NMFS).
15 October 2016

Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5823,Ashe County,N.C.
6.0 REFERENCES
Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual.
Technical Report Y-87-1, U. S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station.
Vicksburg, Mississippi.
Environmental Laboratory.2012.Regional Supplement to the Corps of Engineers
Wetland Delineation Manual: Eastern Mountains and Piedmont Region
(Version 2.0). Technical Report ERDC/EL TR-12-9,U.S. Army Engineer
Waterways Experiment Station. Vicksburg, Mississippi.
N.C.Department of Environment and Natural Resources,Division of Water Quality. 1995.
Guidance for Rating the Values of Wetlands in North Carolina. Fourth Version.
N.C.Depar anent of Environment and Natural Resources,Division of Water Quality.2010.
Methodology for Identification of Intermittent and Perennial Streams and their
Origins, Version 4.11. Raleigh.
N.C. Department of Environmental Quality,Division of Water Resources.NCIBI Fish and
Benthos Data: https://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/water-resources/water-resources-
data/water-sciences-home-page/biological-assessment-branch.
N.C. Dept anent of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Resources. Surface Water
Classifications: http://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/water-
resources/planning/classification-standards/classifications.
N.C. Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Resources. Water Quality
Assessment and Impaired Waters List 2014, 303(d) list:
http://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/water-resources/planning/classification-
standards/3 03 d/3 03 d-files.
N.C. Department of Natural and Cultural Resources, Natural Heritage Program, North
Carolina Natural Heritage Data Explorer: https://ncnhde.natureserve.org.
N.C. Department of Transportation. 2012. Invasive Exotic Plants of North Carolina.
N.C.Wetland Functional Assessment Team.2016.N.C.Wetland Assessment Method(NC
WAM) User Manual, Version 5. Raleigh.
Radford, A.E., H.E. Ahles, and C.R. Bell. 1968. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the
Carolinas. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press. 1,183 pp.
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Web
Soil Survey: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov/app/HomePage.htm.
16 October 2016

Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5823,Ashe County,N.C.
United States Fish and Wildlife Service. Endangered and Threatened Species and Species
of Concern by County for North Carolina database:
http://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/cntylistinc_counties.html.
United States Fish and Wildlife Service. 2006. Optimal Survey Windows for North
Carolina's Federally Threatened and Endangered Plant Species:
http://www.fws.gov/nc-es/es/plant_survey.html.
United States Geological Survey. Glendale Springs, North Carolina, Topographic
Quadrangle (7.5-minute series).
17 October 2016

Appendix A:
Figures

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"ART" VICINITY MAP
44.0 NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT Div: TIP#
OF TRANSPORTATION Replace Bridge No. 355 on SR 1181 0 0.75 11 B-5823 Figure
i°*
Figure
o Z DIVISION OF HIGHWAYS over S. Fork New River in Ashe County I I
Q PROJECT DEVELOPMENT AND Date:
T9�,y�Hr g�e'`e ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS UNIT TIP Project B-5823 Miles DECEMBER 2015
OF 1S.

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�1 lZY1N i ` Replacement of Bridge No. 355 on SR 1181
, ie (
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• �4�1 d', the South Fork of the New River
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1 �-- and Terrestrial Communities
V/./ Wetlands �No 4-00 ��� � TIP Project No. B-5823
Streams
co. Ai Replacement of Bridge No. 355 on SR 1181 ,,A
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_ Floodplain Forest c~ N the South Fork of the New River
~ '
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y i w. OneMapo ( Geographic Onformartion Analysiso GC flII9 Board

Appendix B:
Scientific Names of Species Identified in Report
Plants
Common Name Scientific Name
American beech Fagus grandifolia
American witchhazel Hamamelis virginiana
black cherry Prunus serotina
black locust Robinia pseudoacacia
bloodroot Sanguinaria canadensis
brackenfern Pteridium aquilinum
broad-leaved plantain Plantago major
buckeye Aesculus sp.
buttercup Ranunculus sp.
chestnut oak Quercus montana
chickweed Stellaria sp.
Christmas fern Polystichum acrostichoides
common mullein Verbascum thapsus
crown vetch Securigera varia
eastern hemlock Tsuga canadensis
elderberry Sambucus nigra
elm Ulmus sp.
false Solomon's seal Maianthemum racemosum
fire pink Silene virginica
flowering spurge Euphorbia corollate
Fraser fir Abies fraseri
Fraser magnolia Magnolia fraseri
giant ragweed Ambrosia trifida
goldenrod Solidago spp.
great laurel Rhododendron maximum
hairy angelica Angelica venenosa
hemlock Tsuga sp.
henbit Lamium amplexicaule
hog peanut Amphicarpaea bracteata
lespedeza Lespedeza sp.
lesser burdock Arctium minus
maple Acer sp.
mulberry Morus sp.
multiflora rose Rosa multiflora
ninebark Physocarpus opulifolius
northern red oak Quercus rubra

Plants (Continued)
Common Name Scientific Name
phlox Phlox sp.
pignut hickory Carya glabra
poison ivy Toxicodendron radicans
red clover Trifolium pratense
red maple Acer rubrum
red oak Quercus spp.
red spruce Picea rubens
silky dogwood Cornus amomum
Solomon's seal Polygonatum biflorum
southern lady fern Athyrium filix femina
southern red oak Quercus falcata
sphagnum moss Sphagnum sp.
spiderwort Tradescantia sp.
spiraea Spiraea sp.
tulip poplar Liriodendron tulipifera
velvetgrass Holcus lanatus
violet Viola sp.
Virginia creeper Parthenocissus quinquefolia
white clover Trifolium repens
white pine Pinus strobus
wild geranium Geranium carolinianum
wild hydrangea Hydrangea arborescens
wild yam Discorea villosa
yarrow Achillea millefolium
yellow birch Betula alleghaniensis
yellow buckeye Aesculus flava
Animals
Common Name Scientific Name
American robin Turdus migratorius
American toad Bufo americanus
amphipods Order Amphipoda
bald eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus
barred owl Strix varia
beetles Order Coleoptera
black racer Coluber constrictor

Animals (Continued)
Common Name Scientific Name
black rat snake Elaphe obsoleta
bullfrog Rana catesbeiana
caddisflies Order Trichoptera
Carolina chickadee Poecile carolinensis
Carolina wren Thryothorus ludovicianus
chironomid midges Family Chironomidae
Cope's gray treefrog Hyla chrysocelis
copperhead Agkistrodon contortrix
craneflies Family Tipulidae
crayfish Family Cambaridae
damselflies Sub-order Zygoptera
dragonflies Sub-order Anisoptera
eastern box turtle Terrapene carolina
eastern chipmunk Tamias striatus
eastern cottontail Sylvilagus floridanus
eastern garter snake Thamnophis sirtalis
eastern phoebe Sayornis phoebe
fantail darter Etheostoma flabellare
Fowler's toad Anaxyrus fowleri
gray fox Urocyon cinereoargenteus
gray squirrel Sciurus carolinensis
green frog Rana clamitans melanota
isopods Order Isopoda
mayflies Order Ephemeroptera
mottled sculpin Cottus bairdii
mountain redbelly dace Chrosomus oreas
northern mockingbird Mimus polyglottos
pickerel frog Lithobates palustris
raccoon Procyon lotor
red-bellied woodpecker Melanerpes carolinus
red-shouldered hawk Buteo lineatus
red-tailed hawk Buteo jamaicensis
spring peeper Pseudacris crucifer
stoneflies Order Plecoptera

Animals (Continued)
Common Name Scientific Name
tufted titmouse Baeolophus bicolor
turkey vulture Cathartes aura
Virginia opossum Didelphis virginiana
western blacknose dace Rhinichthys obtusus
white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus

Appendix C:
Wetland Forms

TIP Project No.: B-5823
WETLAND DETERMINATION DATA FORM— Eastern Mountains and Piedmont Region
Project/Site: B-5823-Br.355 on SR 1181(Hartzog Ford Rd)over S.Fork New River City/County:City:West Jefferson Co.: Ashe Sampling Date: 03/16/2016
North Carolina Department of Transportation ""°°"vv WA WET
Applicant/Owner: State: NC Sampling Point:
Investigator(s): Mason,J. Hemphill,J. Section,Township,Range:Landform(hillslope,terrace,etc.): HilISIope Local relief(concave,convex,none): Concave Slope(%): 7-10
Subregion(LRR or MLRA): N [at: 36.31720 Long: -81.42274 Datum: NAD 83
Soil Map Unit Name: Chandler loam,25 to 65 percent slopes(CaF) NWI classification: PEM
Are climatic/h drolo is conditions on the site typical for this time of year? Yes MO No IM (If no,explain in Remarks.)
Are Vegetation r
,Soil ,or Hydrology I significantly disturbed? Are"Normal Circumstances"present? Yes I * 1 No 0
Are Vegetation ,Soil ✓ ,or Hydrology naturally problematic? (If needed,explain any answers in Remarks.)
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS—Attach site map showing sampling point locations, transects, important features, etc.
Hydrophytic Vegetaion Present? Yes OM No� Is the Sampled Area ❑ ❑
Hydric Soil Present? Yes No within a Wetland? Yes ✓ No
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes MIN No FT_
Remarks:
Wetland WA is on a hillslope above the floodplain of the South Fork New River. It is not in a topographic crenulation and
is classified as a seep per NCWAM. It is near the base of a rocky outcrop on the hillslope. There does not appear to be
a jurisdictional connection between WA and the river below.
HYDROLOGY
Wetland Hydrology Indicators: Secondary Indicators(minimum of two required)
Primary Indicators(minimum of one is required;check all that apply) ❑Surface Soil Cracks(B6)
DSurface Water(A1) ❑True Aquatic Plants(B14) ❑Sparsely Vegetated Concave Surface(B8)
❑ High Water Table(A2) ❑ Hydrogen Sulfide Odor(C1) ❑Drainage Patterns(B10)
Q Saturation(A3) n Oxidized Rhizospheres on Living Roots(C3) ❑Moss Trim Lines(B16)
❑Water Marks(B1) ❑ Presence of Reduced Iron(C4) ❑Dry-Season Water Table(C2)
❑Sediment Deposits(B2) ❑ Recent Iron Reduction in Tilled Soils(C6) ❑Crayfish Burrows(C8)
❑Drift Deposits(B3) ❑Thin Muck Surface(C7) ❑Saturation Visible on Aerial Imagery(C9)
❑Algal Mat or Crust(B4) ❑Other(Explain in Remarks) ❑Stunted or Stressed Plants(D1)
❑ Iron Deposits(B5) ❑Geomorphic Position(D2)
❑ Inundation Visible on Aerial Imagery(B7) ❑Shallow Aquitard(D3)
❑Water-Stained Leaves(B9) ❑Microtopographic Relief(D4)
❑Aquatic Fauna(B13) ❑FAC-Neutral Test(D5)
Field Observations:
Surface Water Present? Yes E No E Depth(inches):
Water Table Present? Yes ❑ No ❑' _ Depth(inches):
Saturation Present? Yes ❑ No ❑ Depth(inches): 0.0 Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes MN No
(includes capillary fringe)
Describe Recorded Data(stream gauge,monitoring well,aerial photos,previous inspections), if available:
Remarks:
Water visibly dripping down and out of rocky outcrop towards/into Wetland WA.
US Army Corps of Engineers Eastern Mountains and Piedmont—Version 2.0

B-5823
VEGETATION (Five Strata)-Use scientific names of plants. Sampling Point: WA WET
Absolute Dominant Indicator Dominance Test worksheet:
Tree Stratum (Plot size: W/in wetland ) %Cover Species? Status
Number of Dominant Species
1.None Select That Are OBL, FACW,or FAC: 2.0 (A)
2. Select
Total Number of Dominant
3. Select Species Across All Strata: 2.0 (B)
4 Select
Select Percent of Dominant Species
5. That Are OBL, FACW,or FAC: 100 (A/B)
6. Select (NaN:Not a Number)
0.0 =Total Cover Prevalence Index worksheet:
Total%Cover of: Multiply by:
50%of total cover: 0.00 20%of total cover: 0.00 0.00
OBL species x 1 =
Sapling Stratum (Plot size: W/in wetland ) 0.00
1.None Select FACW species x 2=
2 Select
FAC species x 3= 0.00
3 Select
FACU species x 4= 0.00
Select
4. UPL species x 5= 0.00
Select
5. Column Totals: 0.00 (A) 0.00 (B)
(NaN:Not
6. Select Prevalence Index =B/A= NaN a Number)
0.0 =Total Cover Hydrophytic Vegetation Indicators:
50%of total cover: 0.00 20%of total cover: 0.00 ❑✓ 1 -Rapid Test for Hydrophytic Vegetation
Shrub Stratum (Plot size: W/in wetland ) ❑✓ 2-Dominance Test is>50%
1.None Select ❑ 3-Prevalence Index is<_3.0'
2 Select ❑ 4-Morphological Adaptations' (Provide supporting
3.
Select data in Remarks or on a separate sheet)
4 Select E Problematic Hydrophytic Vegetation' (Explain)
5. Select
Select
'Indicators of hydric soil and wetland hydrology must
6. be present, unless disturbed or problematic.
0.0 =Total Cover Definitions of Five Vegetation Strata:
50%of total cover: 0.00 20%of total cover: 0.00
W/in wetland Tree-Woody plants,excluding woody vines,
Herb Stratum (Plot size: ) approximately 20 ft(6 m)or more in height and 3 in.
1. Impatiens capensis 20.0 Yes FACW (7.6 cm)or larger in diameter at breast height(DBH).
2.Symplocarpus foetidus 10.0 Yes OBL Sapling-Woody plants,excluding woody vines,
3. Select approximately 20 ft(6 m)or more in height and less
4 Select than 3 in.(7.6 cm)DBH.
5 Select Shrub-Woody plants,excluding woody vines,
6. Select approximately 3 to 20 ft(1 to 6 m)in height.
7 Select Herb-All herbaceous(non-woody)plants,including
8. Select herbaceous vines,regardless of size,and woody
Select plants,except woody vines,less than approximately 3
9. ft(1 m)in height.
10. Select
I 11.
Select Woody vine-All woody vines, regardless of height.
30.0 =Total Cover
50%of total cover: 15.00 20%of total cover: 6.00
Woody Vine Stratum (Plot size: W/in wetland )
1.None Select
2. Select
3. Select
4. Select
5. Select
Hydrophytic
0.0
=Total Cover Vegetation
50%of total cover: 0.00 20%of total cover: 0.00 Present? Yes MINI No
Remarks: (Include photo numbers here or on a separate sheet.)
Wetland only 0.01 ac, so entire wetland was assessed for plants.
US Army Corps of Engineers Eastern Mountains and Piedmont-Version 2.0

B-5823
SOIL Sampling Point: WA WET
Profile Description: (Describe to the depth needed to document the indicator or confirm the absence of indicators.)
Depth Matrix Redox Features
(inches) Color(moist) % Color(moist) % Type' Loc2 Texture Remarks
0-8 10YR 2/1 100 -- -- -- -- Lo bedrock at 8"
'Type: C=Concentration,D=Depletion,RM=Reduced Matrix,MS=Masked Sand Grains. 2Location: PL=Pore Lining, M=Matrix.
Hydric Soil Indicators: Indicators for Problematic Hydric Soils3:
❑ Histosol(A1) ❑ Dark Surface(S7) ❑ 2 cm Muck(A10)(MLRA 147)
❑ Histic Epipedon(A2) El Polyvalue Below Surface(S8)(MLRA 147,148) El Coast Prairie Redox(A16)
❑ Black Histic(A3) ❑ Thin Dark Surface(S9)(MLRA 147,148) (MLRA 147,148)
❑ Hydrogen Sulfide(A4) ❑ Loamy Gleyed Matrix(F2) ❑ Piedmont Floodplain Soils(F19)
❑ Stratified Layers(A5) ❑ Depleted Matrix(F3) (MLRA 136,147)
❑ 2 cm Muck(A10)(LRR N) ❑ Redox Dark Surface(F6) 0 Very Shallow Dark Surface(TF12)
❑ Depleted Below Dark Surface(A11) ❑ Depleted Dark Surface(F7) ❑✓ Other(Explain in Remarks)
El Thick Dark Surface(Al2) ❑ Redox Depressions(F8)
❑ Sandy Mucky Mineral(S1)(LRR N, ❑ Iron-Manganese Masses(F12)(LRR N,
MLRA 147,148) MLRA 136)
❑ Sandy Gleyed Matrix(S4) ❑ Umbric Surface(F13)(MLRA 136,122) 3lndicators of hydrophytic vegetation and
El Sandy Redox(S5) ❑ Piedmont Floodplain Soils(F19)(MLRA 148) wetland hydrology must be present,
❑ Stripped Matrix(S6) ❑ Red Parent Material(F21)(MLRA 127, 147) unless disturbed or problematic.
Restrictive Layer(if observed):
Type: Bedrock
Depth(inches): 8 Hydric Soil Present? Yes MO No❑
Remarks:
This soil profile does not meet any of the above-listed typical hydric soil indicators. The feature, although on a hillslope,
is a concave feature/depression that has upland on all four sides. The soil color meets the criteria for F13 (Umbric
Surface), but it does not meet depth due to the presence of a restrictive layer of bedrock (although it would without the
bedrock). More importantly, it is excluded from this indicator due to the fact that it is in the wrong MLRA of LRR N (130B
rather than 122) and it is on a side slope. However, since it meets this indicator's color profile, I feel that the feature is
functioning as a wetland and the same processes that occur in a typical hydric soil are occurring here as well.
Additionally, I believe that it also meets TF12 (Very Shallow Dark Surface).
This feature will require review by USACE.
US Army Corps of Engineers Eastern Mountains and Piedmont—Version 2.0

TIP Project No.: B-5823
WETLAND DETERMINATION DATA FORM— Eastern Mountains and Piedmont Region
Project/Site: B-5823-Br.355 on SR 1181(Hartzog Ford Rd)over S.Fork New River City/County:City:West Jefferson Co.: Ashe Sampling Date: 03/16/2016
North Carolina Department of Transportation ""°°"vv WA UPL
Applicant/Owner: State: NC Sampling Point:
Investigator(s): Mason,J. Hemphill,J. Barrett,B. Section,Township,Range:Landform(hillslope,terrace,etc.): HilISIope Local relief(concave,convex,none): None Slope(%): 7-10
Subregion(LRR or MLRA): N Lat: 36.31706 Long: -81.42272 Datum: NAD 83
Soil Map Unit Name: Chandler loam,25 to 65 percent slopes(CaF) NWI classification: Upland
Are climatic/h drolo is conditions on the site typical for this time of year? Yes MO No IM (If no,explain in Remarks.)
Are Vegetation r
,Soil ,or Hydrology I significantly disturbed? Are"Normal Circumstances"present? Yes I * 1 No❑
Are Vegetation ,Soil ,or Hydrology naturally problematic? (If needed,explain any answers in Remarks.)
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS—Attach site map showing sampling point locations, transects, important features, etc.
Hydrophytic Vegetation Present? Yes iM No 1 Is the Sampled Area ✓
Hydric Soil Present? Yes= No ' within a Wetland? Yes No
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes fI No
Remarks:
Taken on hillslope near WA, closer to bend in road.
HYDROLOGY
Wetland Hydrology Indicators: Secondary Indicators(minimum of two required)
Primary Indicators(minimum of one is required;check all that apply) ❑Surface Soil Cracks(B6)
DSurface Water(A1) ❑True Aquatic Plants(B14) ❑Sparsely Vegetated Concave Surface(B8)
❑ High Water Table(A2) ❑ Hydrogen Sulfide Odor(C1) ❑Drainage Patterns(B10)
❑ Saturation(A3) n Oxidized Rhizospheres on Living Roots(C3) ❑Moss Trim Lines(B16)
❑Water Marks(B1) ❑ Presence of Reduced Iron(C4) ❑Dry-Season Water Table(C2)
ITI Sediment Deposits(B2) ❑ Recent Iron Reduction in Tilled Soils(C6) ❑Crayfish Burrows(C8)
❑Drift Deposits(B3) ❑Thin Muck Surface(C7) ❑Saturation Visible on Aerial Imagery(C9)
❑Algal Mat or Crust(B4) ❑Other(Explain in Remarks) ❑Stunted or Stressed Plants(D1)
❑ Iron Deposits(B5) ❑Geomorphic Position(D2)
❑ Inundation Visible on Aerial Imagery(B7) ❑Shallow Aquitard(D3)
❑Water-Stained Leaves(B9) ❑Microtopographic Relief(D4)
❑Aquatic Fauna(B13) ❑FAC-Neutral Test(D5)
Field Observations:
Surface Water Present? Yes ❑ No E Depth(inches):
Water Table Present? Yes ❑ No ❑' _ Depth(inches):
Saturation Present? Yes ❑ No ❑s Depth(inches): Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes No MEI
(includes capillary fringe)
Describe Recorded Data(stream gauge,monitoring well,aerial photos,previous inspections), if available:
Remarks:
US Army Corps of Engineers Eastern Mountains and Piedmont—Version 2.0

B-5823
VEGETATION (Five Strata)-Use scientific names of plants. Sampling Point: WA UPL
Absolute Dominant Indicator Dominance Test worksheet:
Tree Stratum (Plot size: 30 ft ) %Cover Species? Status
Number of Dominant Species
1.Pinus strobus 20.0 Yes FACU That Are OBL, FACW,or FAC: 2.0 (A)
2. Select
Total Number of Dominant
3. Select Species Across All Strata: 4.0 (B)
4 Select
Select Percent of Dominant Species
5. That Are OBL, FACW,or FAC: 50 (A/B)
6. Select (NaN:Not a Number)
20.0 =Total Cover Prevalence Index worksheet:
Total%Cover of: Multiply by:
50%of total cover: 10.00 20%of total cover: 4.00
OBL species x 1 = 0.00
Sapling Stratum (Plot size: 30 ft )
FACW species x 2= 0.00
1.See Shrub Stratum Select
FAC species 40.00 x 3= 120.00
2. Select x 50.00 4= 200.00
Select FACU species
3.4.
Select UPL species x 5= 0.00
Select
5. Column Totals: 90.00 (A) 320.00 (B)
(NaN:Not
Select 3.555
6. Prevalence Index =B/A= a Number)
0.0 =Total Cover Hydrophytic Vegetation Indicators:
50%of total cover: 0.00 20%of total cover: 0.00 ❑ 1 -Rapid Test for Hydrophytic Vegetation
Shrub Stratum (Plot size: 30 ft ) ❑ 2-Dominance Test is>50%
1.Rosa multiflora 25.0 Yes FACU ❑ 3-Prevalence Index is<_3.0'
2.Rhododendron maximum 10.0 Yes FAC ❑ 4-Morphological Adaptations' (Provide supporting
3.Kalmia latifolia 5.0 No FACU data in Remarks or on a separate sheet)
4 Select ❑ Problematic Hydrophytic Vegetation' (Explain)
5. Select
Select
'Indicators of hydric soil and wetland hydrology must
6. be present, unless disturbed or problematic.
40.0 =Total Cover Definitions of Five Vegetation Strata:
50%of total cover: 20.00 20%of total cover: 8.00
30 ft Tree-Woody plants,excluding woody vines,
Herb Stratum (Plot size: ) approximately 20 ft(6 m)or more in height and 3 in.
1.Microstegium vimineum 30.0 Yes FAC (7.6 cm)or larger in diameter at breast height(DBH).
2.Poa sp. 10.0 No TBD Sapling-Woody plants,excluding woody vines,
3. Select approximately 20 ft(6 m)or more in height and less
4. Select than 3 in.(7.6 cm)DBH.
5 Select Shrub-Woody plants,excluding woody vines,
6. Select approximately 3 to 20 ft(1 to 6 m)in height.
7 Select Herb-All herbaceous(non-woody)plants,including
8. Select herbaceous vines,regardless of size,and woody
Select plants,except woody vines,less than approximately 3
9. ft(1 m)in height.
10. Select
111.
Select Woody vine-All woody vines, regardless of height.
40.0 =Total Cover
50%of total cover: 20.00 20%of total cover: 8.00
Woody Vine Stratum (Plot size: 30 ft )
1,None Select
2. Select
3. Select
4. Select
5. Select
Hydrophytic
0.0
=Total Cover Vegetation
50%of total cover: 0.00 20%of total cover: 0.00 Present? Yes No MO
Remarks: (Include photo numbers here or on a separate sheet.)
US Army Corps of Engineers Eastern Mountains and Piedmont-Version 2.0

B-5823
SOIL Sampling Point: WA UPL
Profile Description: (Describe to the depth needed to document the indicator or confirm the absence of indicators.)
Depth Matrix Redox Features
(inches) Color(moist) % Color(moist) _ % _Type' Loc2 Texture Remarks
0-8 10YR 3/4 100 -- -- -- -- Lo bedrock at 8"
'Type: C=Concentration,D=Depletion,RM=Reduced Matrix,MS=Masked Sand Grains. 2Location: PL=Pore Lining,M=Matrix.
Hydric Soil Indicators: Indicators for Problematic Hydric Soils3:
0 Histosol(A1) 0 Dark Surface(S7) 0 2 cm Muck(A10)(MLRA 147)
❑ Histic Epipedon(A2) El Polyvalue Below Surface(S8)(MLRA 147,148) ❑ Coast Prairie Redox(A16)
❑ Black Histic(A3) D Thin Dark Surface(S9)(MLRA 147,148) (MLRA 147,148)
❑ Hydrogen Sulfide(A4) ❑ Loamy Gleyed Matrix(F2) 0 Piedmont Floodplain Soils(F19)
❑ Stratified Layers(A5) ❑ Depleted Matrix(F3) (MLRA 136,147)
❑ 2 cm Muck(A10)(LRR N) D Redox Dark Surface(F6) 0 Very Shallow Dark Surface(TF12)
❑ Depleted Below Dark Surface(A11) ❑ Depleted Dark Surface(F7) ❑ Other(Explain in Remarks)
El Thick Dark Surface(Al2) ❑ Redox Depressions(F8)
D Sandy Mucky Mineral(S1)(LRR N, ❑ Iron-Manganese Masses(F12)(LRR N,
MLRA 147,148) MLRA 136)
El Sandy Gleyed Matrix(S4) El Umbric Surface(F13)(MLRA 136,122) 3lndicators of hydrophytic vegetation and
El Sandy Redox(S5) El Piedmont Floodplain Soils(F19)(MLRA 148) wetland hydrology must be present,
❑ Stripped Matrix(S6) ❑ Red Parent Material(F21)(MLRA 127, 147) unless disturbed or problematic.
Restrictive Layer(if observed):
Type: Bedrock
Depth(inches): 8 Hydric Soil Present? Yes Q No MN
Remarks:
US Army Corps of Engineers Eastern Mountains and Piedmont—Version 2.0

g - 51-1,- WQ.-H kv' 1
WETLAND RATING WORKSHEET Fourth Version ($ 11
�C
Project Name 5•—•S 0 2--1 Nearest Road i4 (h., Q(�
Wetland areaacres Wetland width feet
County �4 ii� 0, � '
Name of evaluator S, 0 SO/1 Date 3*6
Wetland location Adjacent land use
on pond or lake (within '/2 mile upstream,upslope, or r dius)
on perennial stream X forested/natural vegetation ) %
on intermittent stream )( agriculture,urban/suburban 30 %
within interstrea divide impervious surface '0 %
,, other: 14,IIS o�P (3exiO)
Soil series:C l'lr^'Ylf' ( /Ot n1,2�1 ) d (Co f) Dominant vegetation ,
predominantly organic-humus, muck, or (1) ( pa-1-1 ov,S C coy,S
peat (2) 7 tin1010CC4u 4 ) el,o!I
vS
predominantly mineral-non-sandy
predominantly sandy (3)
ydraulic factors Flooding and wetness
steep topography semipermanently to permanently flooded or
ditched or channelized inundated
total wetland width> 100 feet seasonally flooded or inundated
intermittently flooded or temporary surface water
Xno evidence of flooding or surface water
Wetland type(select one)*
Bottomland hardwood forest Pine savanna
Headwater forest Freshwater marsh
Swamp forest Bog/fen
Wet flat Ephemeral wetland
Pocosin Caroliny
Bog forest , Other: Q C
*The rating system cannot be applied to salt or brackish marshes or stream channels
R Water storage 0 x 4.00= Q
A Bank/Shoreline stabilization x 4.00= 0 Wetland
rating
T Pollutant removal **x 5.00= S '
I Wildlife habitat I x 2.00= Z 1 1
N Aquatic life value / x 4.00= ci
G Recreation/Education 0x 1.00= a
**Add 1 point if in sensitive watershed and>10%nonpoint source disturbance within %2 mile upstream,upslope,or radius

Appendix D:
Qualifications of Contributors
Investigator: William A. Barrett
Education: B.S., Marine Science, University of South Carolina
Experience: Environmental Senior Specialist,NCDOT, Raleigh,NC, June 2015
—Present
Environmental Program Consultant, NCDOT, Raleigh, NC,
January 2005 —June 2015
Environmental Specialist, NCDOT, Raleigh, NC, November 2004
—December 2005
Environmental Specialist, Florida Department of Environmental
Protection, West Palm Beach, FL, October 1997—November 2004
Environmental Scientist, GLE Associates, Inc., Tampa, FL,
January 1993 —March 1997
Environmental Scientist, EnviroAssessments, Inc., Tampa, FL,
August 1991 —January 1993
Environmental Technician, Pace Laboratories, Inc., Tampa, FL,
March 1990—August 1991
Responsibilities: Wetland/stream assessment, T&E surveys, bald eagle assessment,
communities assessment.
Investigator: Jeffrey Hemphill
Education: B.S., Forest Resource Management, Ohio State University
Experience: Environmental Senior Specialist,NCDOT, March 2004—Present
Environmental Scientist, R.D. Zande & Associates, Columbus,
OH, June 1991 —January 2004
Responsibilities: Wetland/stream assessment, T&E surveys, bald eagle assessment,
communities assessment.