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FINAL
ANNUAL MONITORING REPORT
NORWOOD GAINEY
RIPARIAN BUFFER RESTORATION AND WETLAND ENHANCEMENT
WAYNE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
(EEP Project Number 628)
Monitoring Year 5 of 5 (2011)
Submitted to:
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Ecosystem Enhancement Program
Raleigh, North Carolina
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ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM
January 2012

FINAL
ANNUAL MONITORING REPORT
NORWOOD GAINEY
RIPARIAN BUFFER RESTORATION AND WETLAND ENHANCEMENT
WAYNE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
(EEP Project Number 628)
Monitoring Year 5 of 5 (2011)
Submitted to:
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Ecosystem Enhancement Program
Raleigh, North Carolina
Prepared by:
Axiom Environmental, Inc.
218 Snow Avenue
Raleigh, North Carolina 27603
Design Firm:
Ko & Associates, P.C.
Florence & Hutcheson, Inc.
5121 Kingdom Way, Suite 100
Raleigh, North Carolina 27607
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Axiom Environmental, Inc.
January 2012
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Table of Contents
1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................... ............................... 1
2.0 METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................. ............................... 1
2.1 Vegetation Assessment ....................................................................................... ............................... 2
2.2 Wetland Assessment ............................................................................................ ..............................2
3.0 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................ ..............................3
List of Figures
Figure1. Site Location ................................................................................ ............................... Appendix A
Figure 2. Monitoring Plan View ................................................................. ............................... Appendix A
Figure 3. Annual Climatic Data vs. 30 -year Historic Data ......................... ............................... Appendix D
List of Tables
Table 1. Project Restoration Components ............................. ............................... .......................Appendix B
Table 2. Project Activity and Reporting History .................. ............................... .......................Appendix B
Table 3. Project Contacts Table ............................................ ............................... .......................Appendix B
Table 4. Project Background Table ....................................... ............................... .......................Appendix B
Table 5. Vegetation Plot Mitigation Success Summary Table ............................ .......................Appendix C
Table 6. Vegetation Metadata Table ..................................... ............................... .......................Appendix C
Tables 7A -7B. Total and Planted Stems by Plot and Species .............................. .......................Appendix C
Table 8. Wetland Hydrology Criteria Attainment Summary ...................... ............................... Appendix D
Appendices
APPENDIX A. FIGURES AND PLAN VIEWS
Figure 1. Site Location
Figure 2. Monitoring Plan View
APPENDIX B. GENERAL PROJECT TABLES
Table 1. Project Restoration Components
Table 2. Project Activity and Reporting History
Table 3. Project Contacts Table
Table 4. Project Background Table
APPENDIX C. VEGETATION ASSESSMENT DATA
Table 5. Vegetation Plot Mitigation Success Summary
Vegetation Monitoring Plot Photos
CVS Summary Data Tables
Table 6. Vegetation Metadata Table
Tables 7A -7B. Total and Planted Stems by Plot and Species
APPENDIX D. WETLAND ASSESSMENT DATA
2011 (Year 5) Groundwater Gauge Graphs
Table 8. Wetland Hydrology Criteria Attainment Summary
Figure 3. Annual Climatic Data vs. 30 -year Historic Data
Norwood Gainey (final) Axiom Environmental, Inc. Monitoring Year 5 of 5 (201 1)
EEP Project Number 628 January 2012
Wayne County, North Carolina Table of Contents

1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Norwood Gainey Riparian Nutrient Offset Buffer Restoration Site (Site) is located within the United
States Geological Survey Hydrologic Unit 03020202 (North Carolina Division of Water Quality subbasin
03- 04 -05) of the Neuse River Basin. The Site includes 58.4 acres located approximately 5 miles south of
Goldsboro, North Carolina in Wayne County. A total of 21.6 acres of riparian buffer restoration for
nutrient offset credits within 0 -50 feet of agricultural ditches, 26.2 acres of riparian buffer restoration for
nutrient offset credits within 50 -200 feet of agricultural ditches, and 5.4 acres of wetland enhancement are
located within the Site. The Site is currently managed by the North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement
Program. This report (compiled based on EEP's Revised Table of Contents for 2009 Monitoring Report
Submissions Version 1.2.1 dated 6/1/09) summarizes data for year 5 (2011) monitoring.
The primary goals and objectives of the project included the following.
1. Restore forested riparian buffers adjacent to Site agricultural ditches that convey surface runoff
toward Bouge Swamp and ultimately into the Neuse River.
2. Restore ecological functions within the Site to improve water quality, reduce the amount of
sediment and pollutants entering the system, and provide landscape continuity.
3. Establish native wetland trees and shrubs within existing jurisdictional wetlands thereby
enhancing wetland function, vegetative structure, and wildlife habitat.
4. Provide a variety of habitats from open water to uplands to greatly increase future habitat and
food sources for wildlife.
In late 2009 buffer areas greater than 50 feet from agricultural ditches were planted. Eight new plots were
established within these areas during year 4 (2010) monitoring. In addition, three vegetation plots within
wetland enhancement areas were measured for the third time during year 5 (201 1) monitoring. On March
11, 2011, an additional 50 ball and burlap trees were planted as warranty replacements for dead trees
within areas greater than 50 feet from waterways.
An average density of 320 stems per acre of Character Tree Species must be surviving after five
monitoring years in accordance with North Carolina Division of Water Quality Administrative Code 15A
NCAC 0213.0242 ( Neuse River Basin, Mitigation Program for Protection and Maintenance of Existing
Riparian Buffers) (NCDWQ 2007). Stem counts will be based on an average of the evaluated vegetation
plots.
Based on the number of stems counted in June 2011, average stem densities were measured as 410
planted stems per acre for the 8 vegetation plots within 0 -50 feet of waterways, 258 planted stems per
acre for the 8 vegetation plots greater than 50 feet from waterways, and 256 planted stems per acre within
wetland enhancement areas. The dominant species identified at the Site were planted stems of river birch
(Betula nigra), persimmon (Diospyros virginiana), black walnut (Juglans nigra), and sycamore (Platanus
occidentalis); and natural recruits of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), red maple (Ater rubrum), and sweetgum
(Liquidambar styraciflua). Only eight of the 19 individual vegetation plots met success criteria when
counting planted stems alone; however, when adding naturally recruited stems, primarily loblolly pine
establishing from an adjacent seed source, all individual plots met success criteria.
Death of planted stems within wetland enhancement areas has occurred as the result of excessive
inundation due to beaver and small animal herbivory that occurred during and just after planting. Beaver
management is now occurring on the Site and will continue as necessary. Within wetland enhancement
areas, natural recruits of loblolly pine, red maple, and sweetgum that had established during the drier
summer months during the 2010 monitoring period have died as the result of inundation. In addition,
Norwood Gainey (final) Axiom Environmental, Inc. Monitoring Year 5 of 5 (2011)
EEP Project Number 628 January 2012
Wayne County, North Carolina page 1

within areas greater than 50 feet from waterways planted ball and burlap trees appear to be in poor health
and many of the planted trees died over the summer of 2010 as the result of dry conditions. These issues
should be monitored closely in subsequent monitoring years.
In accordance with federal guidelines for wetland mitigation, success criteria for wetland groundwater
hydrology at the Site require inundation or saturation within 12 inches of the ground surface for a
consecutive period of 12.5 percent of the growing season or approximately 30 consecutive days (the
growing season in Wayne County begins March 17 and ends November 14 [243 days]). Groundwater
hydrology occurred within 12 inches of the soil surface for greater than 12.5 percent of the growing
season in year 5 (2011) monitoring.
In summary, vegetation within 50 feet of waterways and groundwater hydrology were successful for the
year 5 (2011) growing season. Summary information and data related to the occurrence of items such as
beaver or encroachment and statistics related to performance of various project and monitoring elements
can be found in tables and figures within this report's appendices. Narrative background and supporting
information formerly found in these reports can be found in the mitigation and restoration plan documents
available on EEPs website. All raw data supporting the tables and figures in the appendices is available
from EEP upon request.
2.0 METHODOLOGY
2.1 Vegetation Assessment
Following planting 45 vegetation plots (18 plots within riparian buffer restoration areas 0 -50 feet from the
waterways, 7 plots within the wetland enhancement area, and 20 within herbaceous riparian buffer areas
greater than 50 feet from the waterways) were established within the Site as depicted on Figure 2 (Current
Conditions Plan View) in Appendix A. The plots are 10 meters square and are located randomly within
the Site. All 45 plots were monitored in year 1 (2007); no vegetation monitoring occurred in year 2
(2008). In year 3 (2009) 8 plots within riparian restoration areas 0 -50 feet from the waterways were
monitored and in late 2009 areas greater than 50 feet from ditches were planted and 8 new plots were
established in these areas. In years 4 -5 (2010 -2011) 8 plots within riparian restoration areas 0 -50 feet
from the waterways, 3 plots within the wetland enhancement area, and 8 within riparian buffer areas
greater than 50 feet from the waterways were monitored in late August 2010 using the CVS -EEP Protocol
for Recording Vegetation, Version 4.0 (Lee et al. 2006) ( http: / /cvs.bio.unc.edu /methods.htm); results are
included in Appendix C. The taxonomic standard for vegetation used for this document was Flora of the
Carolinas, Virginia, Georgia, and Surrounding Areas (Weakley 2007).
2.2 Wetland Assessment
Two groundwater monitoring gauges were maintained for the year 5 (2011) growing season. The graphs
of groundwater hydrology and precipitation are included in Appendix D.
Norwood Gainey (final) Axiom Environmental, Inc. Monitoring Year 5 of 5 (201 1)
EEP Project Number 628 January 2012
Wayne County, North Carolina page 2

3.0 REFERENCES
Lee, Michael T., R.K. Peet, S.D. Roberts, and T.R. Wentworth. 2006. CVS -EEP Protocol for Recording
Vegetation, Version 4.0. (online). Available: http : / /cvs.bio.unc.edu /methods.htm.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). 2004. Climatography of the United States
No. 20; Monthly Station Climate Summaries, 1971 -2000. National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, National
Climatic Data Center, Asheville, North Carolina.
North Carolina Division of Water Quality (NCDWQ). 2007. Redbook, Surface Waters and Wetlands
Standards. North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of
Water Quality. Raleigh, North Carolina.
Weakley, Alan S. 2007. Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, Georgia, and Surrounding Areas (online).
Available: http: / /www. herbarium .unc.edu /WeakleysFlora.pdf [February 1, 2008]. University of
North Carolina Herbarium, North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Weather Underground. 2011. Station at Goldsboro Airport (KGSB) in Goldsboro, North Carolina.
(online). Available:
http: // www. wunderground .com /history /airport/KGSB /2011 / 11 / 15 /CustomHistory.htmI
[November 15, 2011].
Norwood Gainey (final) Axiom Environmental, Inc. Monitoring Year 5 of 5 (2011)
EEP Project Number 628 January 2012
Wayne County, North Carolina page 3

APPENDIX A
FIGURES AND PLAN VIEWS
Figure 1. Site Location
Figure 2. Monitoring Plan View
Norwood Gainey (final) Axiom Environmental, Inc. Monitoring Year 5 of 5 (201 l)
EEP Project Number 628 January 2012
Wayne County, North Carolina Appendices

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Directions to the Site:
From Goldsboro take US Hwy 70 east V
Take NC Hwy 111 south for - 3.75 miles Z A,
Turn right onto Care Road (dirt road)
Follow Care Road to a metal gate B ra
Turn left before the gate into the Site
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Latitude, Longitude at Site entrance
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from Care Road
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[phone] Wayne County, North Carolina Dec 2009
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APPENDIX B
GENERAL PROJECT TABLES
Table 1. Project Restoration Components
Table 2. Project Activity and Reporting History
Table 3. Project Contacts Table
Table 4. Project Background Table
Norwood Gainey (final) Axiom Environmental, Inc. Monitoring Year 5 of 5 (2011)
EEP Project Number 628 January 2012
Wayne County, North Carolina Appendices

Table 1. Project Restoration Components
Activity or Report
Data
Collection
Completion
Actual
Completion
or Delivery
Norwood Gainey Riparian Buffer Restoration (EEP Project Number 628)
- --
March 2006
Temporary S &E Seed Mix Applied
- --
November 2006
Planting/Permanent Seed Mix Applied
- --
c
c
February 2007
Year 1 Monitoring (2007)
October 2007
November 2007
Year 2 Monitoring (2008)
- --
- --
Year 3 Monitoring (2009)
December 2009
Project Segment or
Year 4 Monitoring (20 10)
November 2010
°'
Year 5 Monitoring (2011)
November 2011
January 2012
Reach ID
'
Acrea a
Comment
Woody Riparian Buffer
(0-50 feet)
0
Restoration
--
21.6
1:1
21.6
--
Woody Riparian Buffer
(50 -200 feet)
0
Restoration
--
26.2
1:1
26.2
--
Wetland Enhancement
5.4
Enhancement
--
5.4
2:1
2.7
Mitigation Unit Summations
Stream
Riparian Wetland
Nonriparian
Total Wetland
Woody Riparian Buffer
Wetland
0 -200 feet
0
2.7
1 0
2.7
47.8
Other Project Attributes Removed From Credit Areas (acres
Open Water
Surface Water
Road
Non - Diffuse
Total Acreage Removed From
Ditches
Flow
Credit
Areas
2.3
2.0
0.7
0.2
5.2
Table 2. Project Activity and Reporting History
Norwood Gainey Riparian Buffer Restoration EEP Project Number 628
Activity or Report
Data
Collection
Completion
Actual
Completion
or Delivery
Restoration Plan
- --
March 2006
Temporary S &E Seed Mix Applied
- --
November 2006
Planting/Permanent Seed Mix Applied
- --
November 2006
Mitigation Plan/As -built Report
(Year 0 Monitoring — baseline)
February 2007
Year 1 Monitoring (2007)
October 2007
November 2007
Year 2 Monitoring (2008)
- --
- --
Year 3 Monitoring (2009)
December 2009
January 2010
Year 4 Monitoring (20 10)
November 2010
November 2010
Year 5 Monitoring (2011)
November 2011
January 2012
Norwood Gainey (final) Axiom Environmental, Inc. Monitoring Year 5 of 5 (2011)
EEP Project Number 628 January 2012
Wayne County, North Carolina Appendices

Table 3. Project Contacts Table
Norwood Gainey Riparian Buffer Restoration (EEP Project Number 628
Designer
K O & Associates, P.C.
5121 Kingdom Way., Suite 100
Primary project design POC
R. Kevin Williams, PE
Raleigh, North Carolina 27607
Coastal Plain
email: [e-mail]
Phone: [phone]
Planting Contractor
Carolina Silvics
908 Indian Trail Road
Planting contractor POC
J. Dwight Mckinney, Jr., RF
Edenton, North Carolina 27932
USGS HUC for Project and Reference
Email: [e-mail]
Phone: [phone]
Seeding Contractor
Seal Brothers Contracting
PO Box 86 Dobson, NC 27017
Seeding contractor POC
Brian Seal
Phone: [phone]
Nursery Stock Suppliers
NC Division of Forest Resources and International Paper
Year 1 (2007)
Environmental Services, Inc.
524 S. New Hope Road
Monitoring Performers
Jeff Harbour
Raleigh, North Carolina 27610
Wetland and Vegetation POC
Email: [e-mail]
Phone: [phone]
Year 3 -5 (2009 -2011)
Axiom Environmental, Inc.
218 Snow Avenue
Monitoring Performers
Grant Lewis
Raleigh, North Carolina 27603
Wetland and Vegetation POC
Email: [e-mail]
Phone: [phone]
Table 4. Project Background Table
Norwood Gainey Riparian Buffer Restoration (EEP Project Number 628
Project County
Wayne Count
Drainage Area
67 Acres
Drainage impervious cover estimate ( %)
0%
Ph sio ra hic Region
Coastal Plain
Ecore ion
65p; Southeastern Flood Tans and Low Terraces
Cowardin Classification
PUB; PEM
Dominant Soil Types
Leaf loam, Lumbee sandy loam, Dragston-loamy sand
Reference Site ID
Bou e Swam (project study area's eastern boundary)
USGS HUC for Project and Reference
03020202
NCDWQ Subbasin for Project and Reference
03 -04 -05
NCDWQ Classification for Project and Reference
C, NSW
Any portion of any project segment 303d listed?
No
Any portion of any project segment upstream of a 303d
listed segment?
No
Reasons for 303d listing or stressor
Not Applicable
% of project easement fenced
0%
Norwood Gainey (final) Axiom Environmental, Inc. Monitoring Year 5 of 5 (201 1)
EEP Project Number 628 January 2012
Wayne County, North Carolina Appendices

VEGETATION ASSESSMENT DATA
Table 5. Vegetation Plot Mitigation Success Summary
Vegetation Monitoring Plot Photos
CVS Summary Data Tables
Table 6. Vegetation Metadata Table
Tables 7A -713. Total and Planted Stems by Plot and Species
Norwood Gainey (final) Axiom Environmental, Inc. Monitoring Year 5 of 5 (2011)
EEP Project Number 628 January 2012
Wayne County, North Carolina Appendices

Table 5. Vegetation Plot Mitigation Success Summary Table
Norwood Gainey Riparian Buffer Restoration Site (EEP Project Number 628)
Vegetation
Plot Type
Vegetation
Plot ID
Based on Planted Stems Only
Based on Total Stems*
Vegetation Survival
Threshold Met?
Tract
Mean
Vegetation Survival
Threshold Met?
Tract
Mean
Areas within
0 -50 feet of
Waterways
5
Yes
75%
Yes
100%
I 1
Yes
Yes
18
Yes
Yes
0
Yes
Yes
22
No
Yes
26
Yes
Yes
31
No
Yes
34
Yes
Yes
Wetland
Enhancement
Areas
42
Yes
66.7%
Yes
100%
43
No
Yes
44
No
Yes
Areas Greater
than 50 feet
from
Waterways
46
No
12.5%
Yes
100%
47
No
Yes
48
No
Yes
49
No
Yes
50
Yes
Yes
51
No
Yes
52
No
Yes
53
No
Yes
*Total Stems include planted stems and naturally recruited stems of appropriate native species.
Vegetation Monitoring Photographs
Plot 5 1 Taken June 2011
Norwood Gainey (final) Axiom Environmental, Inc. Monitoring Year 5 of 5 (2011)
EEP Project Number 628 January 2012
Wayne County, North Carolina Appendices

Vegetation Monitoring Photographs
Plot 26
Taken June 2011
(continued)
Plot 22
Norwood Gainey (final) Axiom Environmental, Inc. Monitoring Year 5 of 5 (2011)
EEP Project Number 628 January 2012
Wayne County, North Carolina Appendices

Vegetation Monitoring Photographs
Taken June 2011
Plot 50
Norwood Gainey (final)
EEP Project Number 628
Wayne County, North Carolina
(continued)
Plot 49
Axiom Environmental, Inc. Monitoring Year 5 of 5 (2011)
January 2012
Appendices

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APPENDIX D
WETLAND DATA
2011 (Years 5) Groundwater Gauge Graphs
Table 8. Wetland Hydrology Criteria Attainment
Figure 3. Annual Climatic Data vs. 30 -year Historic Data
Norwood Gainey (final) Axiom Environmental, Inc. Monitoring Year 5 of 5 (2011)
EEP Project Number 628 January 2012
Wayne County, North Carolina Appendices

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Table 8. Wetland Hydrology Criteria Attainment Summary
Norwood Gainey Riparian Buffer Restoration Site (EEP Project Number 628)
* Gauge 2 was broken prior to the start of the year 3 (2009) growing season and no data could be retrieved; however, based on
field observations and the tendency for Gauge 2 to be wetter than Gauge I this gauge should be considered successful. This
gauge was inundated for the majority of the growing season. The gauge will be replaced prior to the year 4 (2010) monitoring
season.
** Gauge 2 was located in an inundated area and it was impossible to reinstall the gauge until water levels dropped below the soil
surface. Therefore, manual water level readings were taken monthly until the gauge could be installed on July 12, 2010.
Norwood Gainey (final) Axiom Environmental, Inc. Monitoring Year 5 of 5 (2011)
EEP Project Number 628 January 2012
Wayne County, North Carolina Appendices
Success Criteria Achieved/Max Consecutive Days During Growing Season
Gauge
(Percentage)
Year 1 (2007)
Year 2 (2008)
Year 3 (2009)
Year 4 (2010)
Year 5 (2011)
1
Yes /92 days
Yes /99 days
Yes /243 days
Yes /93 days
Yes /98 days
37.9%
40.7%
100%
38.3%
40.3%
2
Yes/ 103 days
Yes/ 101 days
Yes *
Yes/ 100 days
Yes /86 days
(42.4 %)
(41.6 %)
(41.2 %) **
(35.3 %) **
* Gauge 2 was broken prior to the start of the year 3 (2009) growing season and no data could be retrieved; however, based on
field observations and the tendency for Gauge 2 to be wetter than Gauge I this gauge should be considered successful. This
gauge was inundated for the majority of the growing season. The gauge will be replaced prior to the year 4 (2010) monitoring
season.
** Gauge 2 was located in an inundated area and it was impossible to reinstall the gauge until water levels dropped below the soil
surface. Therefore, manual water level readings were taken monthly until the gauge could be installed on July 12, 2010.
Norwood Gainey (final) Axiom Environmental, Inc. Monitoring Year 5 of 5 (2011)
EEP Project Number 628 January 2012
Wayne County, North Carolina Appendices

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