Bridge No. 340154 on SR 1600 in Franklin Co.

.? ���
�c����
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality
Beverly Eaves Perdue Coleen H.Sullins Dee Freeman
Governor Director Secretary
November 4, 2011
MEMORANDUM_
TO: Mark W. Craig, PE, Division 5 Bridge Program Manager
FROM: Rob Ridings,NCDWQ Transportation Permitting Unit, RaleighJ� �
ii
SUBJECT: Scoping Review ofNCDOT's Proposed Bridge Replacement Projects for Wake and
Franklin Counties
In reply to your correspondence dated received October 28, 2011 in which you requested comments for
the above referenced projects,the NCDWQ offers the following comments:
Bridge Number Stream Name River Basin & Stream Classi5cations Stream Index
Subbasin Number
910209 UT to Little River Neuse 06 WS-V;NSW 27-57-(8.5
910420 Little Black Creek Neuse 04 C;NS W 27-45-3
910444 ° UT to Basal Creek Neuse 03 B;NSW 27-43-15-3
910114 New Light Creek Neuse O1 WS-N;NSW; CA 27-13-(2)
910201 Little River Neuse 06 WS-II; HQW;NSW; CA 27-57-(7.5
910283 Black Creek Neuse 04 B;NSW 27-45- I
340003 UT to Horse Creek Neuse O1 WS-N;NS W 27-17-(0.7)
340098 Crooked Creek Tar-Pam O1 C;NSW; *303 d Listed* 28-30
340154 UT to Jum in Run Tar-Pam O1 C;NSW 28-28
340023 Cedar Creek Taz-Pam O1 C;NSW; *303 d Listed* 28-29-(2
340058 UT to Sandy Creek Tar-Pam 02 C; NSW; + 28-78-1-(14)
340060 UT to Sandy Creek Tar-Pam 02 C;NSW; + 28-78-1-(14)
Project-Specific Comments
l. Brid�es 910209. 910420, 910444, 910283, 340003, 340154: These projects impact class NSW
waters of the State. NCDWQ is very concemed with sediment and erosion impacts that could result
from these projects. NCDWQ recommends that highly protective sediment and erosion control
BMPs be implemented to reduce the risk of nutrient runoff to surface waters and tributaries.
NCDWQ requests that road design plans provide treatment of the storm water runoff through best
management practices as detailed in the most recent version of NCDWQ's Stormwater Best
Management Practices.
2. Brid�es 340098 and 340023: These projects impact class 303(d) Listed impaired waters ofthe
State.NCDWQ is very concerned with sediment and erosion impacts that could result from this
project. NCDWQ recommends that the most protective sediment and erosion control BMPs be
implemented in accordance with Design Standards in Sensitive Watersheds to reduce the risk of
nutrient runoff to these streams and their tributaries. NCDWQ requests that road design plans
provide treatment of the storm water runoff through best management practices.as detailed in the
most recent version of NCDWQ Stormwater Best Management Practices.
. Transpor�ation Pemiitting Unit 1�T�neL.!� t
1650 Mail Service Center,Raleigh,North Carolina 27fi99-1650 1V�Irt11l..a.001111$
Phone:[phone] �ry F�yrry//�
Intemethttp:llh2o.enrstate.nc.uslncwetlandsl ���6 �k«
M Equal Oppa�uniry 1 AKrtnative AcGon Employer

, 3. Bridees 9101 l4 and 910201: Review of the project reveals the presence of surface waters
classified as Water Supply Critical Area in the project swdy area. Given the potential for impacts
to these resources during the project implementation,the NCDWQ requests that NCDOT strictly
adhere to NoRh Carolina regulations entitled "Design Standards in Sensitive Watersheds°(15A
NCAC 04B .O124)throughout design and construction of the project. This would apply for any
area that drains to streams having WS CA(Water Supply Critical Area)classifications.
Should the bridge project be located within the Critical Area of a Water Supply NCDOT inay be
required to design, construct, and maintain hazardous spill catch basins in the project area. The
number of catch basins installed shall be determined by the design of the bridge, so that runoff
would enter said basin(s) rather than flowing directly into the stream, and in consultation with the
DWQ.
4. Brid�e 910201: Review of the project reveals the presence of surface waters classified as(HQW)
High Quality Waters of the State in the project study area. This is one of the highest classifications
for water quality. Pursuant to 15A NCAC 2H .1006 and 15A NCAC 2B .0224,NCDOT will be
required to obtain a State Stormwater Permit prior to construction except in North Carolina's
twenty coastal counties.
5. Bridges 340058 and 340060: Review of the projects reveals the presence of surface waters
classified as C; NSW; +. (The"plus"designation refers to waters d'uectly upstream of Outstanding
Resource Waters, or ORW.) The water qualiry classification of ORW is one of the highest
classifications in the State. NCDWQ is extremely concerned with any impacts that may occur to
streams with this classification. It is preferred that these resources be avoided if at all possible. If it
is not possible to avoid these resources,the impacts shafl be minimized to [he greatest extent
possible. Given the potential for impacts to these resources during the project implementation,the
NCDWQ requests that NCDOT strictly adhere to North Carolina regula[ions entitled "Design
Standards in Sensitive Watersheds° (15A NCAC 04B .0124)throughout design and construction of
the project. Pursuant to 15A NCAC 2H .1006 and I SA NCAC 2B .0224,NCDOT will be required
to obtain a State Stormwater Pertnit prior to construction except in North Carolina's twenty coasta]
counties.
6. Bridges in the Neuse River Basin: Riparian buffer impacts shall be avoided and minimized to the
greatest extent possible pursuant to 15A NCAC 2B.0233.
7. Brid�es in the Tar-Pamlico River Basin: Ripazian buffer impacts shall be avoided and minimized
to the greatest extent possible pursuant to 15A NCAC 2B.0259.
General Comments Regarding Bridge Replacement Projects
1. NCDWQ is very concemed with sediment and erosion impacts that could result from this project.
NCDOT shall address these concerns by describing the potential impacts that may occur to the
aquatic environments and any mitigating factors that would reduce the impacts.
2. If foundation test borings are necessary; it shall be noted in the documen[. Geotechnical work is
approved under General 401 Certification Number 3687/Nationwide Pertnit No. 6 for Survey
Activities.
3. If a bridge is being replaced with a hydraulic conveyance other than another bridge, NCDWQ
believes the use of a Nationwide Permit may be required. Please contact the US Army Corp of
Engineers to determine the required pertnit(s).

• 4. If the old bridge is removed, no discharge of bridge material into surface waters is allowed unless
otherwise authorized by the US ACOE. Strict adherence to the Corps of Engineers guidelines for
bridge demolition will be a condition of the 401 Water QualiTy Certification.
5. Whenever possible,NCDWQ prefers spanning structures. Spanning structures usually do not
require work within the stream or grubbing of the streambanks and do not require stream channel
realignment. The horizontal and vertical clearances provided by bridges shall allow for human and
wildlife passage beneath the structure. Fish passage and navigation by canoeists and boaters shall
I not be blocked. Bridge supports (bents) should �ot be placed in the stream when possible.
, 6. Bridge deck drains shall not dischazge directly into the stream. Stormwater shall be directed across
the bridge and pre-treated through site-appropriate means(grassed swales, pre-formed scour holes,
vegetated buffers,etc.) before entering the stream. Please refer to the most current version of
NCDWQ's Stormwater Best Management Practices.
7. If concrete is used during construction, a dry work area shall be maintained to prevent direct contact
between wring concrete and stream watec Water that inadvertendy contacts uncured concrete shall
not be discharged to surface waters due to the potential for eleva[ed pH and possible aquatic life and
fish kills.
8. If[emporary access roads or detours are constructed,the site shall be graded to its preconstruction
contours and elevations. Disturbed areas shall be seeded or mulched to stabilize the soil and
appropriate native woody species shall be planted. When using temporary strucmres the area shall
be cleared but not grubbed. Cleazing the area with chain saws, mowers, bush-hogs, or other
mechanized equipment and leaving the stumps and root mat intact allows the area to re-vegetate
naturally and minimizes soil disturbance.
9. Sediment and erosion control measures sufficient to protect water resources must be implemented
and maintained in accordance with the most recen[version of North Carolina Sediment and Erosion
Control Planning and Design Manual and the most recent version of NCS000250.
10. All work in or adjacent to stream waters shall be conducted in a dry work area unless otherwise
approved by NCDWQ. Approved BMP measures from the most current version of NCDOT
Construction and Maintenance Activities manual such as sandbags, rock berms, cofferdams and
other diversion structures shall be used to prevent excavation in flowing water.
11. Heavy equipment shall be operated from the bank rather than in stream channels in order to
minimize sedimentation and reduce the likelihood of introducing other pollutants into streams. This
equipment shall be inspected daily and maintained to prevent contamination of surface waters from
leaking fuels, lubricants, hydraulic fluids, or other toxic materials.
12. In most cases,the NCDWQ prefers the replacement of the existing structure at the same location
with road closure. If road closure is not feasible, a temporary detour shall be designed and located
to avoid wetland impacts, minimize the need for clearing and to avoid destabilizing stream banks.
If the structure will be on a new alignment, the old structure shall be removed and the approach fills
removed from the 100-year floodplain. Approach fills shall be removed and restored to the natural
ground elevation. The area shall be stabilized with grass and planted with native tree species. Tall
fescue shall not be used in riparian areas.
13. Any anticipated dewatering or access structures necessary for construction of bridges should be
addressed in the CE. It is understood that final designs are not determined at the time the CE is
developed. However, the CE should discuss the potential for dewatering and access measures
necessary due to bridge construction.

� General Comments if Replacing the Bridge with a Culvert
I. Placement of culverts and other structures in waters, streams, and wetlands shall be below the
elevation of the streambed by one foot for all culverts with a diameter greater than 48 inches, and 20
percent of the culvert diameter for culverts having a diameter less than 48 inches,to allow low flow
passage of water and aquatic life. Design and placement of culveRS and other structures including
temporary erosion control measures shall not be conducted in a manner that may result in dis-
equilibrium of wetlands or streambeds or banks, adjacent to or upstream and down stream of the
above structures. The applicant is required to provide evidence that the equilibrium is being
maintained if requested in writing by NCDWQ. If this condition is unable to be met due to bedrock
or other limiting features encountered during construction, please con[act the NCDWQ for guidance
on how to proceed and to determine whether or not a permit modification will be required.
2. If multiple pipes or barrels are required, they shall be designed to mimic natural stream cross section
as closely as possible including pipes or barrels at flood plain elevation, floodplain benches and/or
sills may be required where appropriate. Widening the stream channel shall be avoided. Stream
channel widening at the inlet or outlet end of structures typically decreases water velocity causing
sediment deposition that requires increased maintenance and disrupts aquatic life passage.
3. Riprap shall not be placed in the active thalweg channel or placed in the streambed in a manner that
precludes aquatic life passage. Bioengineering boulders or structures shal] be properly designed,
sized and installed.
Thank you for requesting our input at this time. NCDOT is reminded that issuance of a 401 Water
Quality Certification requires that appropriate measures be instituted to ensure that water quality
standards are met�and designated uses are not degraded or lost. If you have any questions or require
additional information, please contact Rob Ridings at 919-807-6403.
co: Eric Alsmeyer, US Army Corps of Engineers, Raleigh Field Office
Chris Murray, Division 5 Environmental Officer
Travis Wilson,NC Wildlife Resources Commission
File Copy

�
VICIN�TY MAP I • � Mlaaleoura 'a�rec.o.,
:o t�e,�:�. i�cec�' �'� � ��� �ti'� W Af R 'R E N �
3 � f� 5 i
NORTH CAROLMA DEPARTMENT OF �SS � '_ia^da �
�:;"�. , . � .,���m,��,� , 43 ,
@' .[ `� TRAVSPORTATION ' *v 17" - ' } craok Z �
; ��� `� DNISIONOFHIGHWAYS ord'�'�z , �15 � ' = .Henderson'. ,E,�,o� 58' �«��a , ,!
y��� ��bi `� u IB c�ne.,rF, '� �
hq�F�.�l`� � � �/ ��.�, r� �
h".,vxYdiJ~ \�. '•''�i � i r II f0tom �.+ f � � �` Hol�
i,� i 39 401��n:�. n �, es.��,.
� ;9s . in��menC� � ; �.—. . �
FRANKLIN COUNTY e � � ; �� �
:.�. '�..--�•y.�.. � �npir.s'�oo Cerlarvllle` Wood`'661 .�"'
RF,PLACE BRIDCF.NO.J4Ol5A O�SR 1GOO(F,AST RIVER �y
Hes:cr
ROAD)OVF,RCATTLECROSSIM1'G wluon i, � � � i� 561 _ i/ .o
17er.5.s19 "56 ' F'!j.R p�'N� K L I N % � ,.
eor.wor .p .i }tnu:sn�ra
f-s�n, i ,��o � 5fi o�58i ' S6 ' cTS�ria
Fi ure 1 �,�.. '� ��/Fran'.limm� .GC � , ; 43
g �i:',, �! 96 ,i:{b� � inaa�ernix . ,u:u�e;
sb,a.. ! c� !� 58 ecn oa.
Proposed Detour: SR 1001 (Mort � �.;,�/ 4Yaun¢srine �0 39 �f Se� � �o
Harris Road) to SR 1601 (George ���' "' ' �a * '� �.0� .�N A S
,i ., f3' � '� rva� H >e ! reo� ya� : � �
Leonurd Road � � � ° ' ' 8��� s�.�, o
Detour Length: 7 miles �''��r��Wake 98 ,` � '�IB'p 5 6 9B��'�ioPe 64A , Nesl�ill,iN
ADT: 690 (2009) , , >jJ;a Farest nops 1e �;P`� ro.«�, _ 6a\ , �
n
Brid e on Detour: None a = 3�f�' O, * 96` ` �'� ' i�3 ZpI ` s rian5 7
g -� � Raleigh \, ,� ,; _ �
�� � �i �� I �, a�c\: � � .. 91 5 su � -c
V� � �/ u��/ny �u� 'A� '?�,�K E , o �'s 97 °o�io�r �. ��• U
� """"" 58
J � 7 �� y�* ' � GA F q;c o 648� �MldUesax r �6Q, L � L=6
° �dmghtAele�Eb4�x���.wA�aE�i � `� zei Nseeney � ,
�� L I � "' � z„ � ��� , FAA , ����°�
_�' 1 `ti.: 5 � ' e R n gli5 i �'.
l ` S�. � C�.m '..il� � SBI pdSp 3 r. _
/� Aim n .FAu 5�.
Z �.< }� L�� i� �� ra..� . i;yea` 96� zzs c�,i�a:a. 4 s
�� Q v 6 Lucamnl
� � �(� �'s� °.�;� Claytan s 42 �� ' ' � W� .I_� �L;
�.
`� � 1fr0 aNievdley' �,ec�rsw�s� j ._l,i.'
r � —
� ._, l,. +�n , .r`-'9�-
'--_ � , ''„ ,� . , .'A�°�� �
� .� /�._-�d � �r+� ' �� J•` ,y.. .
�J F� 1.3 Zs
� (—'.�.
— r �,
}
�.. �soa ` �..�15� �g L�� �
_�--—` � .. �_
; ,eo J � �
-� _ �___�---� \` �,8,3 / ,
?6 DetourRoute� �,,,, :r /
16a - i . rOQ ;,. �b '� f
��~---_. �� - _ ..RrL.�_ �
�`"'� � AAargarel � �,
` ,-� / � ��'
� J/ �_(� _
.-J_�i'4_��_. CDaA / � . !

� �� + � �"-.�1i •- ' Y`a}� .1F�
S
�{j,�� fi ���� � �` / :
.4 s`3-` � x R t � !14 � �
a�, 1+ �Y,jy�,$ � `.' ','�w'�a n 'x,'�' "�y
„ ,y � ".z�, .. , y� . ' S '.%r, " � d . �}i ,
;
:.. ,a � � �"�l��'� �
. �� �� S � M �� ��'
.,, ' � yj� 1,h '..
' ' . Y'n j � x �Y� y �£4 . n
"� � 4 LL� '"� a� 7 � �� t s* � '�,i,.�,
X � b ~ +
° - �f . ��,- .. , � .
i`3 .��. � '�'h�. �� " Aw��'• � y �� � ��y�,u�A
� . ,� t ' f �� v t .��.x4 � � i7.
�"� kf
�„� m��.�•',7`s� ,� �� .. o- : "'� ., • J"f,�y�. ,.;t{`�.�, ` -
`' � ��e .
"'�: '�g �7 x � » 3-� . �
:� r� 1€ � � ��� ��� � a i" Yf =�� - c
� �rv. ��r�v . � ♦ �`w k � �� ie J ' .. w R .:
F ! � /
�, �� y+ `"�.e .d �t l�r.. � r +�
�,�.,� �p � �,� � � ; " �� , ,;
�"3 �" f•.�, r i .� r .
w�"�v dr� �. '�'� ` � r . � i. J �tT�' .
�u: � a ,Y
'£� � ..y � � P,a
"R��` i` ��. � �,; 4J , t' . {�,�+- � .IfiT �E
°} � + }.e :Y n #f " L ,� M .�� .� �p}'Y' i�r t ! `.
� �=t �xL`* ` • � `�9 ` q�
�{�,'..�'+� �� � .�� �r?', �� �"}=:3' y, '"� YC• �+:,,`��F^a f�tkpv`s'�r^r
°,' � � '� }f� s� ��C y..'^b.� . �.. ,p. ..
3�„�+ .��. . ,� y, ,� t yr �, .,
y� � q�A`� `:� J `1����,�},�A;.;w ! ��j't�� ��.�f, � ''�� � '
„53 . �, � ,�, :at! �,...r � . r� 'y .
; .,i,° #.6 .,;t �i t ��. r�.,y; +y L .uw:' '�...�r b •
Tt �r� +P, �
�v s v +.� hl�^c--^" ' t �.
fi ;n� � . � � �� j' �,�LC
� " Y w 4 W' ��'krf�i�'4'�X�.l,y;��."��*, M y a} �� rn
3+,� � ���� �'...:.��1` e�r��.R��� ":�.:�.. f�� �;
,j�!"_,.,,; w+ < .
, . +� .'� +t':s �x: .C�y .a,
t ; r
� * � � f^
� � '� f f � "� « ��.
AK ly . t'.. t'F K t`�� �a� \ 1Ni.'$ . ^V .
'� n yy ��
T�y' �.. Y&� 9 ..�X r}. }` '�^v... .,+�q4,.:..•'f.
. :.-� a . . y - t � t' ,
� [
� �. ,��.. ,,,..-....�.. .,.;' � . _:..+i.d�...�.,
p a , Y F. ,N1 .. + C' . 11 �� �t .. � .
� , '
r " � ° a v� . ..ea. << .fi.y�' c'•"�R��'... t
� � ' :� ����.,��'� . �' + ` �� . _. ' � : .
.. y,.,Fi r9�'yrif'f� R + 7 F# 1 r � ��n � \p . .. . �w .
,ii...L c.Y 5 d*. +�4'""� � n.. � ',w �r(�,i r �,:.' . x +s..x.
'y� ''..i�tK 3 .;.,u. 'l .. � .t ri"" t �`', t;�
'• ; ry . .#,, �� � �x � � ,a ': . •Sa�"+� F1 �i.k� . .
:. rt,: �r�'a �n��},tikt.� �� t+ � '� "� '. iV.
.•
�e �� � �� �
�. � :. r , .,,� f�' L�� f-"• � .t_ � .
p,:�..w`y,3p �' `s'.. r. . 'i�+.�., ,w ?�`- ,�„�
� r + + '; O� *�,i � .
. ° '°' ir7 " � e � � ^� �`• ..
., � � �. � � �at .,� *a� �
. t ,.�� .,r5 i�' r �'^5 �+,.' � �,�j� .3 c. � 4 � '`'- .
� ��..° ' "� .��� . �� �# ;q u.+ �l 'Y� �„� ,( 4 t:���*w. t . '"x}Se`�
7
'. . .rk „� ' r � , :� \�.�. +� 5'��'r ,i�q„�4 :.:���+.`"": � �
` �z yfi�'
. ' ,yye ' ' :'rl+�+r' . ' � tJMiaG ffi �.,(-� „y . \ i y 'aG �5 e a « �" 1. -�In
, . „x: '� '/ . �"w � m�Ii��: n,� ��.� t �� ��� ` v. w *{„. �{
�;r ,. .. ��� ,. �,,� 4� �'` . , � a
t v e
' . . �� '�� �� � '� «I'�� �����, * "# ,� Tx
� " .. ` a,h + !� � n.,➢�� `
. , �_� �
'--.,;,„b ' , .:rr- �',c�e� y,�*� • .
f
, ��
J 4 ..�
^�,... ' � v:. �,. , .�� 1 � � .
_ . ', s ��� t'y"� . � � . . t
. .
.
.
, . , ,� �. � , : .
.. � � , � . � "�.. '�p�v .. °' . � .
:
. _
`
k '
. .
; .
. . _ .!N.' . ..:4 ., . . . .. �
� _ � : '' .�� r�"� ' :4
_. .:r "t f". �. I/ s „,� .
. . ��
�
. ,.. ... � . . . �
.:--°' ..x • -r . -� . �� .
. . �;�.. , , , o� � .
� ..' � �xr�, � , '
, .;. � . , ,� � �
. r �
.y -. . . , � -- .,
�i, : : r. a '�Y °�e. .r _ ';
,
. " " :e, � . .i s � .l^ �*,,:c ': v«.. �` I
. . �#: � 3'e._ . ., �
4
y� � �.�
4, �
r!'. " 3'J �r�3 �' 1 F�
.
� l�� ' �. . . . . ��ly
. .. . �AY. .�.. ��.,, .,

� � f� /
� . 4��
iI j �
�- � �,�t
.
A
�,.: w . e. .j .
i > ' �
�' �� � 1''�- /
.��,��`�G•,v, '" / "�
� r /
��",�p�, J �l
�t^'a� ,� ���' ' x
� �
�-; �.T�,��� � 1
���•r ^�'"� ,ty�,> _
h ,-
.������ � .�^� ,t�'�+..,. ' �
� , � +.r.�..�: .
�3�5� ��i��a�trl ,�'q� � -
°�"t
��3!��" ,�Q,�, m4�i..'�� . �,� : .� "'-J�a
v A`4(� v�Yi'} T" �',��i�.�,� �r +.
...,�yi �l � ' ���� .'z.. ''� /n ' . .��i' � -
� ,..c+
l'
. ,-� - ��!.
�:z4„���'�'�'" ^ ,Y �� Tr�" ;� � �" -'�
���., �` �
� >Z.,... � 4j. �4' ;1./:. s. " 4 i
'4�s��e�. �5 �+.�' j:
�C'xr� `���.1l�'`yT��^l� �'(^ h t{ � ` Y'.
x. � f {{ -� ♦ n ..-�.
�' � � t '
��4' i:;j� ���� } .
-s`Yy � • J; .
�`� �� � r
� `z .' -• i ����(y' j(� � �
& t�, -�44�Y ���^d�� �s`
� � d( Yr
� �� . ���'��� k������; �
���z�� ,� `�- .�:.r .{ , ��,� � g=`'
'jT��` 4�`y*�@ ��w ���/��'� � -� �� � t
'�^ '...q 1X�'��y(��:�•. ♦/� L �� 'f f iFxi� ..
��v
1 5��. l� i1 4�'.�+
� :1'.
x ✓
.��! ! i`
�w+..s^" i4 1'.}, s� J � syy� � �' .;
� �,°`.�t=�t^ Y t J .G,.� . ��! ,'�',, � ^ '�.�
"{ . ^yt +„ � . % y
r ''4.K'a. �If �'y� r- �,��g�* .. �,
'``��r°k � Y �}l, ,�i ►��'; . ,.�ud�iA�Y.ic".���`
F� +: `�� � ��y ,tL '� �� ;�
ti �� �
�,�go�., ��., '
..� � t ., o�. ^V:' �,�?�.�.
h�.. �� .� , � ; � ^ ,' #�
—
/�,� �J �: A °b 1". �,
1 �
�'"rr.'4. N .i��. � "�� �^ � f� � .
.. �'°��w`.X^ � �T C �5� � rC .� %# t . '�� i
� � , � .,a � � .; ��a � .
. ��'. �..s ✓�" ��. «���" p�„1° r�'�
�
��'...�,.,.a i�/ � a �, r`� ���� .
.i<t� w"
a�� � ���� .
.���: t�. If. }�/ .. .
. ���. ¢P' ""'� r yid �
t ' y' 4 � ;,
, y ��
�" ` qt� �_ r . �:
.+ Q ��L,.�. ` / �'�...
1 � �° ,
r y >s.-in. � �,,L/ .' . ��7 , � � t�w . .
��, �^ , . r �
��' n.Far+'r1' ' � � }J s�' .w. `�: v� F�� '�.
ii � ��; 4 �I ' � � ,
1 'A' e � .
�` .i �n:+ .�x #.0
' '1� '� £ �t � �n��'..
d , a � ax xsT r
�, p �'�+ � , c-�a.k 4-
€ y�' �Q ,�„ � , ,
, .#}'f � 4 l ri"i�.
. Y � �Y' '� i`'�`'j .�� `{�r,
LL
��: �r�/-� ` ����+ ��' � '+'
P1 ��� j �� �,'
A
fY�� � �y �„ ` y
R s t
;�� jiy� ,t� P"1" r� � `�
�.�a ,v`y � t:
' �'t�' � �`���.�} 9',n�4F• c�=. \: .ii��. '
:��. ,`���� i:•" F{ ���_ ±!o.r.�,. : � . . . , r. .
. � _�� . � .\4 .

, �,� ,,�w , r � �_
� ..� ,• ,��, y � � � �� \� :� ������ �
c � , /'���y� n"'a�;.' *+.
,d _� /� + �'j�"�''i -r r , a �' .".'^+".-.
� ; � s +�F���C���j� k 1,,.� a'
� "s•+ � � �a p• �w � Y
� " _� � . � a�r , :� i �j i:,_� �I_� ,�,�i.
• t:
; �.,. `�" ' � . ; ,
�, ._ ;� �° , � ��;w � ,1 ;:,
���.�.. r y� v _ �.
�- j` � .
�� ��� ��R � �� � �
' " !�- t �'�,� i �y � ,�. -�°:�
r, r
��jr ri�r , y,
� ��� � .r'� / , � n �.� �.�.....�.- ,,>:
.� �� � � ��
�' ,/ �,
� a*r��<r..t..
, �, r . � �� ��t�
,��+r����<� ��» R . �� � .�.
..t,'. �, � ���` rsc^� :.aw�-=.
r � . , ,
.• .`� , ,` ' n��.n " �,`. . ��.,.�r� .� � .
>,� �,'"t� �i:� -,� . . . � � � � �'�'r'
� 1 .� '� �e., e- _.. �!!1��a�'�,�,
�;
��i ��, .�� i3a :.. ti.,�-�*� �
:• . � ,' ;, k-- ,, � {�;
'�� ' ; °� . r+� .M4Y ;��N —�!..�
f �'. i� `� ~ r t. +� . _ t :3:
� ���.+ .�
"�'{f: �J� . - . .
Sa � �+ .�M1'� �.4�
�k ,i:. . . _ �. � n����y�',�` �';,�Y
___. R � r
^y" �1,,,�''Ff"yh'A"`y.`i'� �F��'
' . f�i' . . �. '.
,�� k.: •w:.n..�r•-: . . . . ' ..t. s;? "'r�;:� . w�����
., T "
''� Y� M��1. . . �' �...-94+��<.�
;., �. ��. . �� � h'� r y.f ��_.
yr ° �'i � z.f i':.'
� •4 � �r i
' � .
. .a.., . . �.�' •' i • ._.. . ' . n`. ..
A A
� ..�._s� `�' : \�,����I�i�����` L .
y��, t� V.l
��� :.� � 4
; � �, � , � .�.
C� N� , �.,�. :,..,r.
. v 5 � � � .N�. '
���ww .1�a� n`�i
��.. 51� � . � � �~ ��F ti��M�#
i o- �'� `
y#� `�e' •
. "t��'\ �,� '��
�:ka ;; „*"
".�;y� � i• �
� � �'� ;
� , �".,��� `
,�� w�,
. ;
� � r...:,r•,+ . _�
, � - � ° ?
a,�..�{. iR dr -� �, _,:•, M. :,la� .
r' '�' `�► t�t ,
sR. 1 '� , r .�• : � � �k;. .a �A
c, • Y� >' �:.� -
1 .? �. �,r:,�. `�+:::..
. . � { .
�*.. ' 1.� �.. q� �?� a � . � . YS` • . - ..
N , � yF � �• �- y� � 2. , a1,�
~ r ,�,,�'�`.,� �'Z`��f 1 ` � �,` ,iti�
�f•� �.,�`� • '�. �'>� t
� f. • �....a S ,`, .�.n�1 w �y . 4 � � � } i
� , �
'^ Y�.� 7 '.; `'�. f A �`�� '�, ,�r . ' !� �
�` • ..p� ,�1, ,3�. . �. � a��i s'
. .� �• . .. �1..:��`•� � �'�y � �; •w��' � :� � + ��
I � .# 1.�` .y � s 1 .

.w ,
;-.,;:;'
{t,.r;
A eA§i+. . .. � .
y �l'w i ' . .,
.. �"�' � - .. . �
'c::.. .r� .
.. '�
j.. ,
; � �
� i
+� ._ ' �;. . .. . . . ...
� •� �
�
v� .j� .
. .. � - ':� 1.. :
�.J_ �
�
�� ' ,.
} ; ,•�
�Y,�,i�P� � �
��d$ :J :r�`c+� ~ 1.?.�
�'"y �.Y p; 'i N
� � � � 1
� . :4 Y
..q , . I ':a .
'�5;r . . , . • .�, .. . . R�.
�':i ! `1 ..s ` ,
;" 't " .. "' '
.i Y � �
�
�"
i �' �' �� , �'x•
��, , .
-:�'1 !P� .i . y„ • ..
i ; r,
-�... ;,:�y:- .
'r�... _ �� , .
S� � ' . ��?�r'�- .
�i �;yrh / . i> -� � .
.m,� .+ r f.._ .. � - . �, qR1_ •:�„r, ti ' . ;, .n . .
� *r �+'` . - . � 'i . r�R�v$,F'- . , �i
Z _. �r.�.. p, f,i
� :'� � . . � � .- �SA�♦� A . .w' ,
v���: �[ �`t�`� '':2�3 : . � . . � � � � q �'� .{r.'
.. ..: �.� ... .: •. �:' � �:. � .g.�:, � , �:. 3"'.'