20110896 Ver 1_Public Notice_20111006

Dennison, Laurie
From: Hardman, Lisa D SAW [[e-mail]]
Sent: Wednesday, October 05, 2011 8:03 AM
Subject: US ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS PUBLIC NOTICE: SAW 2011-00624, ORTON
PLANTATION (UNCLASSIFIED)
Classification: UNCLASSIFIED
Caveats: NONE
As you requested, you are hereby notified that Wilmington District, United States Army Corps of Engineers has
issued a Public Notice. The text of this document can be found on the Public Notices portion of the Regulatory
Division Home Page. Each Public Notice is available in ADOBE ACROBAT (.pdf) format for viewing,
printing or download at www. saw. usace.army. miI/wetlands As with all e-mail attachments, be sure to check for
viruses prior to opening the attachment. The current notice involves: an application from Orton Plantation
Holdings, LLC seeking AFTER -THE -FACT Department of the Army authorization for the discharge of
dredged and/or fill material into approximately 15 acres of waters of the United States, specifically wetlands
adjacent to Orton Creek, which is a relatively permanent waterbody that flows directly into the Cape Fear River,
a Navigable Water of the U.S., for the purpose of converting wooded wetlands to rice fields indicative of the
Orton Plantation historic land use. This application also includes their pre -impact request to temporarily
discharge dredged material into an additional 319 acres of wetlands, also for the purpose of re-establishing rice
fields. In addition, Orton Plantation Holdings, LLC also includes a proposal to permanently impact 6.40 acres
of open water and 4.83 acres of wetlands for the purpose of constructing field access areas and repairing,
rebuilding and/or replacing various water control structures and revetments associated with their proposed rice
plantation project. The approximately 700 -acre project area is located along the eastside of Plantation Road SE,
off N.C. Highway 133, northeast of the City of Southport, Brunswick County, North Carolina.
Classification: UNCLASSIFIED
Caveats: NONE

EM
US Army Corps PUBLIC NOTICE
Of Engineers
Wilmington District
Issue Date: October 5, 2011
Comment Deadline: November 5, 2011
Corps Action ID #: SAW -2011-00624
The Wilmington District, Corps of Engineers (Corps) received an application from Orton
Plantation Holdings, LLC seeking AFTER -THE -FACT Department of the Army
authorization for the discharge of dredged and/or fill material into approximately 15 acres
of waters of the United States, specifically wetlands adjacent to Orton Creek, which is a
relatively permanent waterbody that flows directly into the Cape Fear River, a Navigable
Water of the U.S., for the purpose of converting wooded wetlands to rice fields indicative
of the Orton Plantation historic land use. This application also includes their pre -impact
request to temporarily discharge dredged material into an additional 319 acres of
wetlands, also for the purpose of re-establishing rice fields. In addition, Orton Plantation
Holdings, LLC also includes a proposal to permanently impact 6.40 acres of open water
and 4.83 acres of wetlands for the purpose of constructing field access areas and
repairing, rebuilding and/or replacing various water control structures and revetments
associated with their proposed rice plantation project. The approximately 700 -acre
project area is located along the eastside of Plantation Road SE, off N.C. Highway 133,
northeast of the City of Southport, Brunswick County, North Carolina.
Specific plans and location information are described below and shown on the attached
plans. This Public Notice and all attached plans are also available on the Wilmington
District Web Site at http://www.saw.usace.anny.mil/Wetlands/.
Applicant: Orton Plantation Holdings, LLC
Attn: Mr. Peter Talty
17th Floor
1251 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10020
Agent (if applicable):
Authority
Land Management Group, Inc.
Attn: Ms. Kim Williams
Post Office Box 2522
Wilmington, North Carolina 28402
The Corps will evaluate this application and decide whether to issue, conditionally issue,
or deny the proposed work pursuant to applicable procedures of Section 404 of the Clean

Water Act (33 U.S.C. 1344) and Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899 (33
USC § 403).
Location
The approximately 700 -acre project area is located along the eastside of Plantation Road
SE, off N.C. Highway 133, northeast of the City of Southport, Brunswick County, North
Carolina. The project area includes 605.07 acres of wetlands; a section of Allen Creek,
including its confluence with the Cape Fear River; unnamed tributaries to Allen Creek; a
section of Orton Creek, including its confluence with the Cape Fear River; unnamed
tributaries to Orton Creek, and an unnamed tributary to the Cape Fear River (the Orton
Pond Spillway), including its confluence with the Cape Fear River; moreover, the site is
bounded along the eastside by the Cape Fear River. Of these waters, all are subject to the
permitting requirements of Section 404 of the Clean Water Act except 0.31 acres of
isolated wetlands located along the southern project boundary. In addition to Section 404
requirements, the Cape Fear River, Allen Creek and its unnamed tributaries, portions of
Orton Creek and the Orton Pond Spillway, and approximately 430 acres of adjacent
wetlands are all navigable waters of the United States (as defined in 33 CFR 329) subject
to the requirements of Section 10 the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899. Site coordinates
are 34.05845 N, -77.98077 W.
Existing Site Conditions
The entire project area lies within the historic Orton Plantation property. Existing
landscape includes the historic main residence, chapel and gardens; several out -buildings;
undeveloped wooded uplands; undeveloped, tidally -influenced wetlands and tributaries;
wetlands (the historic rice fields) in varying degrees of tidal -influence, management and
vegetative succession; and the fields' water control structures, ditches, and levees also in
varying degrees of management and integrity. Specifically, the Plantation denotes the
fields as: Front North Rice Field; Front South Rice Field; #1 Field; #9 Field; and Back
Rice Field. The following is a description of the current conditions of each Field:
Front North and South Rice Fields: All waters of the United States (150.95 acres and
29.80 acres of wetlands respectively), except for upland spoil island and revetment.
Dominated by herbaceous wetland vegetation, of which the majority is Phragmites
australis (common reed) and most recently managed for waterfowl. An actively eroding
earthen dike, originally constructed to separate the fields from the Cape Fear River and
tidal marsh to create the rice fields, bounds the Fields on the eastern edge. The applicant
also refers to this dike as a revetment. The Front North Field also contains an
approximately 1.5 acre upland areas, historically used for the disposal of dredged
material. According to the most recent information from the United States Department
of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), the soils of the wetland
areas within these fields are mapped as Yaupon (YaB) silty clay loam soils (somewhat

poorly drained) and Bohicket (BO) silty clay loam (very poorly drained). The upland
disposal area is mapped as dredged Newhan (NhE) fine sand.
#1 and #9 Fields: All waters of the United States (19.78 acres and 15.11 acres of
wetlands respectively), except for earthen dikes. Dominated by a variety of herbaceous
vegetation such as Phragmites australis, Spartina cynosuroides (big cordgrass), Spartina
alterniflora (saltmarsh cordgrass), Cladium jamaicense (sawgrass), Juncus roemerianus
(black needlerush) and Typha angustifolia (narrowleaf cattail) as well as some shrub
vegetation such as Baccharis halimifolia (groundsel) and Morella cerifera (wax myrtle).
An outer, eroding dike network also bounds these fields. The NRCS identifies the soils
of these fields as Bohicket silty clay loam.
Back Fields: All waters of the United States (119.10 acres of wetlands). These fields
surround two natural upland `islands' (approximately 8 -acres and 0.2 acres in size). Prior
to recent unauthorized discharges of land -clearing and excavated material on
approximately 15 acres of these wetlands, a diversity of tree, sapling/shrub and
herbaceous vegetation, existed in varying degrees of maturity throughout these fields.
Mature pines dominate the upland areas. The NRCS identifies the soils as Bohicket silty
clay loam.
Upland areas within the project boundaries include the historic plantation buildings and
garden and undeveloped woodland. The NRCS identifies all upland soils as Blanton
(BnB) fine sand, a moderately well drained soil. Surrounding land use currently consists
of the Brunswick Town State Historic Site to the south; the United States Department of
Defense Military Ocean Terminal Sunny Point (MOTSU) to the south-southwest; and
predominantly undeveloped lands with some low-density residential land to the north.
Applicant's Stated Purpose
The purpose of the project is to protect and restore the various elements of the historic
rice field system at Orton Plantation.
Project Description
The applicant proposal to reconstruct a rice plantation involves multiple components that
require both permanent and temporary impacts to waters of the United States. To
applicant's proposal to rehabilitate the outer revetment along the Cape Fear River with
additional earthen material, hard armor (rock), and sheet pile panels would result in a
permanent loss of 6.4 acres of open waters of the United States and 4.7 acres of wetlands,
of which approximately 1.5 acres are coastal marsh. Next, the proposal to repair or
replace thirteen (13) water control structures within the field system would result in a
permanent loss of approximately 0.003 acre of wetland. Proposed rice field access areas
would result in a permanent loss of 0.125 acre of wetland. Finally, the applicant's
proposal to recreate rice fields by mechanically land clearing and grading each of the
fields (as described above), burning and spreading vegetative debris, and excavating
perimeter canals and quarter ditches would result in a temporary discharge of dredged

material into 333.74 acres of wetlands (of which the applicant initiated these impacts on
approximately 15 acres without Department of Army authorization) and a permanent
conversion of the current wetland condition and habitats to a hydrologically -controlled
and maintained rice -cultivated wetland. This Public Notice includes the applicant's
project plans and narrative.
Avoidance and Minimization Information
According to the applicant, impacts to waters of the U.S. cannot be avoided due to the
nature of the cultivation of rice. The applicant's proposal also included a narrative
(included with this Public Notice) that further describes their efforts to minimize impacts
permanent impacts to waters of the U.S.
Compensatory Mitigation
The applicant proposes to mitigate for the wetland losses through a combination of
restoration, enhancement, and preservation on the Orton Plantation property; however,
the applicant did not submit a formal and/or detailed proposal with their application.
Other Required Authorizations
This notice and all applicable application materials are being forwarded to the appropriate
State agencies for review. The Corps will generally not make a final permit decision until
the North Carolina Division of Water Quality (NCDWQ) issues, denies, or waives State
Certification required by Section 401 of the Clean Water Act (PL 92-500). The receipt of
the application and this public notice combined with appropriate application fee at the
North Carolina Division of Water Quality central office in Raleigh will constitute initial
receipt of an application for a 401 Water Quality Certification. A waiver will be deemed
to occur if the NCDWQ fails to act on this request for certification within sixty days of
the date of the receipt of this notice in the NCDWQ Central Office. Additional
information regarding the Clean Water Act certification may be reviewed at the NCDWQ
Central Office, 401 Certification and Oversight, 1650 Mail Service Center, Raleigh,
North Carolina 27699-1650. All persons desiring to make comments regarding the
application for certification under Section 401 of the Clean Water Act should do so in
writing delivered to the North Carolina Division of Water Quality (NCDWQ), 1650 Mail
Service Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1650 Attention: Mr. Ian McMillan by
October 21, 2011.
Coastal Zone Management
The applicant has not provided to the Corps, a certification statement that his/her
proposed activity complies with and will be conducted in a manner that is consistent with
the approved North Carolina Coastal Zone Management Program. Pursuant to 33 CFR
325.2(b)(2), the Corps cannot issue a permit for the proposed work until the applicant
submits such a certification to the Corps and the North Carolina Division of Coastal

Management (NCDCM), and the NCDCM notifies the Corps that it concurs with the
applicant's consistency certification. The Corps understands that the applicant submitted
an application to the NCDCM for a Coastal Area Management Act permit.
Essential Fish Habitat
This notice initiates the Essential Fish Habitat (EFH) consultation requirements of the
Magnuson -Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act. The Corps' initial
determination is that the proposed project will not adversely impact EFH or associated
fisheries managed by the South Atlantic or Mid Atlantic Fishery Management Councils
or the National Marine Fisheries Service.
Cultural Resources
The Corps consulted the latest published version of the National Register of Historic
Places and has determined that registered properties, or properties listed as being eligible
for inclusion therein are located within the project area and/or adjacent to the project
area. Specifically, Orton Plantation Greek and Colonial Revival brick house, listed in
1973, is situated within the project area and Brunswick Town Historic District, listed in
1978, and St. Philip's Church Ruins, listed 1970, are located on the adjacent, southern
property. The Corps' initially determines that these resources will not be affected by the
proposed project.
Endangered Species
The Corps reviewed the project area, examined all information provided by the applicant
and consulted the latest North Carolina Natural Heritage Database. Based on available
information, the Corps determined pursuant to the Endangered Species Act of 1973
(ESA), that the proposed project may affect, but not likely to adversely affect, federally
listed endangered or threatened species or their formally designated critical habitat.
This includes the endangered Shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum), West Indian
manatee (Trichechus manatus), red -cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis) and
threatened American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis). In addition, this project may
also affect, but not likely to adversely affect the following Federal Species of Concern:
Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula), Southern hognose snake (Heterodon simus), Eastern
painted bunting (Passerina ciris ciris), coastal beaksedge (Rhynchospora pleiantha),
pondspice (Litsea aestivalis), Carolina gopher frog (Rana capito), loose watermilfoil
(Myriophyllum laxum ), northern pine snake (Pituophis melanoleucus melanoleucus), The
Corps of Engineers will initiate consultation under Section 7 of the ESA and will not
issue a permit until the consultation process is complete.

Evaluation
The decision whether to issue a permit will be based on an evaluation of the probable
impacts, including cumulative impacts, of the proposed activity on the public interest.
That decision will reflect the national concern for both protection and utilization of
important resources. The benefit which reasonably may be expected to accrue from the
proposal must be balanced against its reasonably foreseeable detriments. All factors
which may be relevant to the proposal will be considered including the cumulative effects
thereof, among those are conservation, economics, aesthetics, general environmental
concerns, wetlands, historic properties, fish and wildlife values, flood hazards, flood plain
values (in accordance with Executive Order 11988), land use, navigation, shoreline
erosion and accretion, recreation, water supply and conservation, water quality, energy
needs, safety, food and fiber production, mineral needs, considerations of property
ownership, and, in general, the needs and welfare of the people. For activities involving
the discharge of dredged or fill materials in waters of the United States, the evaluation of
the impact of the activity on the public interest will include application of the
Environmental Protection Agency's 404(b)(1) guidelines.
Commenting Information
The Corps of Engineers is soliciting comments from the public; Federal, State and local
agencies and officials, including any consolidate State Viewpoint or written position of
the Governor; Indian Tribes and other interested parties in order to consider and evaluate
the impacts of this proposed activity. Any comments received will be considered by the
Corps of Engineers to determine whether to issue, modify, condition or deny a permit for
this proposal. To make this decision, comments are used to assess impacts on endangered
species, historic properties, water quality, general environmental effects and the other
public interest factors listed above. Comments are used in the preparation of an
Environmental Assessment (EA) and/or an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)
pursuant to the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). Comments are also used to
determine the need for a public hearing and to determine the overall public interest of the
proposed activity.
A copy of this Public Notice and all pertinent plans and specifications can be found at:
http://www.saw.usace.army.mil/Wetlands/Notices/index.html or by contacting the
Wilmington Regulatory Field Office at [phone].
Any person may request, in writing, within the comment period specified in this notice,
that a public hearing be held to consider the application. Requests for public hearings
shall state, with particularity, the reasons for holding a public hearing. Requests for a
public hearing shall be granted, unless the District Engineer determines that the issues
raised are insubstantial or there is otherwise no valid interest to be served by a hearing.

Written comments pertinent to the proposed work, as outlined above, will be received by
the Corps of Engineers, Wilmington District, until 5pm, November 5, 2011. Comments
should be submitted to Jennifer S. Frye, Wilmington Regulatory Field Office, 69
Darlington Avenue, Wilmington, North Carolina, 28403, telephone [phone].

Distribution:
Ian McMillan, North Carolina Division of Water Quality (NCDWQ), Raleigh, NC
Doug Huggett, North Carolina Division of Coastal Management, Morehead City, NC
Ron Sechler, National Marine Fisheries Service
Pete Benjamin, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Svc, Fish/Wildlife Enhancement,
Mr. Ronald J. Mikulak, Chief, Wetlands Regulatory Section, Water Management Div
USEPA, 61 Forsyth Street, SW, Atlanta, GA 30303
Ms. Jennifer Derby, Chief, Wetlands Protection Section Water Management Division
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency - Region IV, 61 Forsyth Street Atlanta, Georgia
30303
Ms. Becky Fox, Wetlands Regulatory Section, USEPA, 1349 Firefly Road, Whittier, NC
28789
Applicant
Agent (Land Management Group, Inc.)
ADJACENT PROPERTY OWNERS (attached)
Addresses that requested all NC Public Notices and Addresses receiving for CESAW-
RG-L
Honorable Mike McIntyre.
United States Postal Service, Postmaster:
Wilmington
Boiling Springs Lake
Leland
Southport
Carolina Beach
Kure Beach

RE7
PROJECT NARRATIVE C 1 j)
SEP 14 2011
REG, W}LM. FLO. 01:C=
ORTON PLANTATION
HISTORIC RICE FIELD PROTECTION
AND
RESTORATION PROJECT
Cape Fear River
Brunswick County, North Carolina
Introduction
Orton Plantation Holdings, LLC (OPH) is submitting a US Army Corps of Engineers
(COE) Individual Permit (IP) application and a NC Division of Coastal Management
(DCM) application for a major modification of their existing CAMA Major Permit
number 65-02. These authorizations are required for the proposed construction of a
permanent revetment along the Cape Fear River, for repair and reinforcement of other
rice field embankments, for the repair and replacement of structures controlling water
flows through the rice fields and for field preparation activities associated with the
resumption of farming.
Orton Plantation History
Title to the original Orton Plantation originated in a grant from the eight Lords
Proprietor in 1725. Development of the rice plantation began in 1725, including the
installation of the gravity water system. The water management system on the remaining
rice fields is still in place, having been continuously maintained by a small series of
owners, although components of the system have been repaired and replaced over the
years with more modern materials. The design, however, including the pattern of dikes,
rice trunks, irrigation canals and interior irrigation ditches remains essentially the same as
the original.
The source of fresh water for the system is Orton Pond, an 800 acre reservoir, created by
a dam constructed in the first half of the eighteenth century. Rice was continuously
commercially cultivated at Orton Plantation from the early 1700s to the 1930s, with some
interruptions, notably during and following the Civil War. In the post -Depression years,
rice fields were managed as a wildlife refuge, using them to cultivate freshwater crops as
a food source for waterfowl, including a period of contractual management by the NC
Wildlife Resources Commission beginning in the 1970s.

Portions of the dikes have experienced erosion problems due to storms and tidal action.
In particular, breaches have occurred from time -to -time in the revetment along the Cape
Fear River and the erosion of the coastal marsh fringe have further imperiled the dike in
several areas.
In November of 2010, the property was purchased by the applicant, Orton Plantation
Holdings LLC , the principal of which is a direct descendant of Roger Moore, developer
of the original Orton Plantation. The applicant's objective is to perform restoration work
at the plantation and return the historic rice fields to a productive state.
Orton Plantation received a CAMA Major Permit in 2002 (No. 65-02) for the long term
maintenance of the existing rice field berms (dikes) for the protection of the historic rice
fields. The CAMA Major Permit was renewed and modified through time and
transferred to the current ownership, Orton Plantation Holdings LLC on March 17, 2011.
CAMA General Permit No. 56605 was issued in May 2011 for repairs to an existing
entrance road culvert.
Rice Field System Existing Conditions
The portion of Orton Plantation functionally related to the proposed project is some 700
acres in size and is located east of NC Hwy 133 and Plantation Road between Orton
Creek to the north and the Brunswick Town State Historic Site to the south. The Cape
Fear River and its unnamed tributaries in this location are classified by the NC Division
of Water Quality (DWQ) as SC. According to DWQ, SC waters are tidal salt waters with
suitable uses of "aquatic life propagation and survival, fishing, wildlife and secondary
recreation." The adjacent marshes and shallow -bottom habitat have not been classified as
Primary Nursery Area (PNA) by the NC Division of Marine Fisheries. Jurisdictional 404
wetlands were field delineated within this portion of the plantation. The delineation was
inspected and approved by the COE. The COE issued a Notification of Jurisdictional
Determination and signed the wetland delineation survey on August 22, 2011.
The existing individual rice fields at Orton are denoted as: the back rice field, the #1 and
#9 rice fields, and the north and south front rice fields. The rice field irrigation ditch
layout consists of larger rim or feeder ditches that supply the majority of fresh water to
the smaller "quarter" ditches. The quarter ditches are generally 55' apart and parallel to
each other in orientation. The quarter ditches function to distribute water in a uniform,
non-erosive manner to the interior of the fields.
Currently, the interior areas of the rice fields are in various stages of vegetative
succession. The back rice field contains predominant wetland species in the herbaceous,
shrub/sapling and tree strata based on the timing of past field activities. The #1 and #9
rice fields contain a mixture of wetland herbaceous and shrub vegetation. The north and
south rice fields are essentially completely herbaceous in nature with Phragmites
australis as the overwhelmingly dominant wetland species. All of the subject fields are
located within the delineated, surveyed and approved jurisdictional 404 wetland limits.
2

Wetland areas on the exterior of rice field dikes adjacent to the Cape Fear River, Orton
Creek and the Orton Pond Spillway are dominated by coastal wetland vegetation species.
The eastern edge of the front rice fields are separated from the Cape Fear River by a 1.62
mile (8,600 feet) long, low -crested, narrow earthen dike. This dike, which records
indicate was initially constructed more than 250 years ago, originally was sited well
inland of the Cape Fear River shoreline and somewhat protected from the river by a
stable expansive Spartina alterniflora marsh grass flat. Historic aerial photography
dating back to 1939 indicates that through at least 1956, there had been a continuous
coastal marsh fringe facing the river that was roughly 100' to 200' wide. More recently,
the once stable marsh shoreline has become unstable and erosional. The central portion of
the north front rice field revetment forms a rounded headland with the COE-maintained
shipping channel at its closest approach, approximately 450 feet offshore. Today,
portions of the marsh fringe have experienced erosion such that the protection offered by
the marsh fringe for the dike has been diminished. Ongoing erosion is evident with
sections of coastal wetland vegetation (including the attached root mat substrate) being
detached. Loss of the marsh flat in those areas has exacerbated the erosional effects on
the revetment. As such, areas of the revetment, which were not constructed to withstand
the direct effect of the river's hydraulic forces, are now exposed to very different
conditions than those which existed at the time the revetment was placed at its current
location.
Efforts to protect and repair the revetment and dikes over the past 30 years have included
the placement of concrete debris as rip -rap armoring and construction of localized
retaining walls made of wood, steel and concrete. However, the past protective measures
were not designed, engineered, or constructed in a manner sufficient to last and to protect
the revetment from the increasing erosional forces connected to the river.
The #1 and # 9 rice fields are located along Orton Creek away from the riverfront. The
outer dikes of these fields in close proximity to the meandering creek have developed
localized erosive areas. Dike repair and reinforcement is necessary in those areas to
preserve field integrity.
Orton's unique water control system from the Orton Pond reserve to the outlying rice
fields features numerous water control structures in the form of managed spillway gates,
gate valves, culvert pipes with and without flap gates and wooden rice trunks.
Authorization for repair and replacement of thirteen (13) water control structures is
requested in this application.
Purpose and Need
The purpose of the proposed project is to protect and restore the various elements of the
historic rice field system at Orton Plantation. In order to achieve the scope of the project
purpose, specific needs have been identified.
3

In order to protect the front rice fields from the forces of the Cape Fear River, the outer
revetment needs to be to restored, enhanced, and stabilized for a length of up to 7,700
feet, more or less, along the riverfront and into Orton Creek and the Orton Pond spillway.
In order to protect the remainder of the front rice fields, the #1 and #9 rice fields, the
existing earthen dikes need to be repaired and their crests re-contoured to their pre-
existing elevation. There is also a need to supplement this field protection with the
installation of sheet pile on the outer slope of the dikes. Several erosional areas have
formed and the ability to reinforce these and future erosional areas as they develop is
required.
Thirteen water control structures have been identified that need to be repaired or
replaced. The management of fresh water flows between the rice fields is critical to the
success of the agricultural operation.
Authorization is sought for multiple activities within the fields that need to be performed
in order to resume farming. These activities include the clearing of vegetation, the
maintenance and re-establishment of the canal and quarter ditch network, the installation
of fourteen permanent field equipment access points across canals, the installation of
temporary quarter ditch crossing points and the grading and leveling of field surfaces,
including the spreading of material removed from the canal and ditch network.
Proposed Project
Front Rice Field Revetment Construction
In general, this portion of the project will include repairs to eroded portions of the
revetment, an increase in the overall elevation of the existing revetment to ensure the
reduction or elimination of wake/wave overtopping, enhancement and re -vegetation of
the interior slope of the revetment, and reconstruction and stabilization of the seaward
face of the revetment. The improvements will also include the installation of sheet pile
panels within the core of the revetment. The upper surface of the rehabilitated revetment
will be stabilized with rip -rap and/or gabion-type matting to minimize erosion of the
upper crest of the revetment during high water events. As illustrated on the enclosed
materials, the length of the proposed revetment is approximately 7,700 feet. Revetment
widths vary depending on the current level of exposure to forces of the Cape Fear River.
The wider section of the revetment is to be located along the headland and headland
shoulders where erosional impacts against the revetment are highest and protective tidal
marsh has either completely eroded away or has been significantly diminished.
Generally, where a significant tidal marsh fringe is continuous to the north and south of
the headland area, a narrower section of revetment is proposed.
It is evident that the erosional forces along the riverfront will continue and that the
remaining marsh fringe will continue to retreat to the north and south of the headland
leaving the narrower sections of the revetment exposed to the higher, direct forces of the
Cape Fear River. In these areas, where sections of the wetlands erode completely away,
M

the applicant proposes to widen the revetment to the wider dimensions of the headland
area. Prior to the widening activity, the applicant will document, by survey, the extent of
the barren shoreline and notify the COE, DCM and DWQ.
and Reinforcement of Other Rice Field Embankments
The proposed work on rice field dikes beyond the proposed front rice field revetment (the
remainder of front rice field, #1 and #9 rice fields) involves the repair of eroded areas, the
contouring of dike crests to their pre-existing elevation, and the installation of sheet pile
with backfill, as necessary above the established wetland boundary. Earthen material will
be placed in eroded areas along these dikes, as necessary, and added to the top of the
dikes for strengthening.
Water Control Structure Repair and Replacement
Water control structures will either be repaired or replaced in thirteen (13) locations
within the rice field system. The enclosed materials detail work to be done at each of the
structure locations. In general, the structures will be repaired or replaced in their existing
positions. It should be noted that the former structure controlling water flows between the
north and south front rice field along the existing cross -dike could not be precisely
located. It is evident however that a cross -dike conduit existed, as it would provided the
only source of irrigation water to the south front rice field.
As indicated on the drawings, most of the water control structures are bounded by
wooden bulkheads (or retaining walls) in various conditions. The replacement and repair
of the control structures will also require the partial or complete dismantling and repair or
replacement of these short lengths of bulkheading. Reconstructed bulkheads will be
backfilled.
Rice Field Area Preparation
Clearing the rice fields of vegetation will be performed to produce a plantable surface.
Methods of clearing will include mowing, stump pulling, root raking, harrowing and
surface grading. All methods may not be employed in all fields. Vegetation debris will be
piled and burned. The remaining ash will be spread over the fields and incorporated into
the soil.
The canal and quarter ditch system will be maintained and re-established through the
excavation of material from the existing canals and ditches primarily with a `V' -shaped
excavator bucket. Some existing ditches may be filled and some new ditches may be
constructed, depending on the variability of water distribution needs within the
landscape. Excavated material will be temporarily sidecast onto the ditch shoulder and
then spread over the field surface. Final overall field surface grading and leveling will be
performed to assure uniform water distribution and flooding over the site.
5

Permanent machinery access points to the surface of the rice fields will be installed in
fourteen (14) locations. These access points typically will consist of the installation of a
culvert placed in the bottom of a canal or ditch with fill placed on top to produce a stable,
drivable surface. Temporary machinery crossing points will be employed from time to
time in quarter ditches while field work is underway. They will also consist of a buried
culvert with a drivable surface. These crossings will be removed when field activities
cease.
Wetland Impacts
Avoidance of Wetland Impacts
Due to the nature of the cultivation of rice at Orton and the stated purpose of the project,
activities necessarily involve work within wetland areas. By its nature, implementation of
the project will involve activities in wetlands, hence, wetland impacts are unavoidable.
Minimization of Wetland Impacts
The proposed project to protect and restore the existing historic rice field system is
defined in magnitude by the current confining dike system and limits of subject the rice
fields as depicted. The applicant is not seeking to re-establish the much larger extent of
rice fields that was once -present to the north and stretching upstream along Liliput Creek.
Remnants of that once -existing dike system and its canal and quarter ditch system can be
readily observed in older aerial photography as well as the remains of the fresh water
reserve dam breast to the west.
Past repeated dike protection efforts along the Cape Fear River effectively demonstrate
that a substantial revetment is required to withstand the erosional forces of the Cape Fear
River. The size and mass of the revetment is critical for effective protection.
Consideration is also given to the fact that the coastal and 404 wetland fringe facing the
river is being obliterated by erosion. The permanent impacts to jurisdictional wetlands
and waters resulting from the proposed revetment total 8.6 acres. Of this, 2.9 acres are
404 wetlands, 1.5 acres are 404/coastal wetlands, 0.3 acres are surface rice field 404
wetlands, 2.3 acres are fresh water canals (within rice fields) and 1.6 acres are open
waters of the Cape Fear River. An additional area of 2.5 acres of open river waters may
be impacted by the described widening of revetment segments in the future as the coastal
and 404 wetland fringe completely erodes away in those locations. This additional area
(also requested to be authorized) incorporates the potential widening of the entire
revetment to the width dimensions of the headland area cross section. Based on the height
of the revetment required to prevent overtopping, sideslopes required to break wake/wave
energies and provide long-term stability, the magnitude of these impacts is necessary and
justified.
The scope of the repair and reinforcement of the remaining dikes beyond the front rice
field revetment is minimal in nature and no permanent wetland impacts are anticipated.
0

The water control structure repair and replacement work mainly involves the replacement
of structures within their existing footprints with no resulting permanent wetland impact
area. Minimal permanent wetland impacts will occur in association with the replacement
of Structure #5 where the pipe will be replaced and enlarged and the former bulkheads on
either end will be reconstructed. The backfill of the bulkheads here will result in 75
square feet (0.002 acres) of 404 wetland impact. The installation of Structure #8, since
the former structure was not precisely located, will result in a minimal 16.5 (0.0004
acres) square feet of 404 wetland impact. At structures #4 and #13, replacement pipes
will increase in diameter from 12" to 18" and 9" to 12"respectively. These increases
result in a total of 2.5 square feet of coastal wetland impact and 4.7 square feet of 404
wetland impact.
The described preparation of the rice fields will affect virtually all of the wetlands and
waters within those fields, a total of 333.74 acres. However, with the exception of the
proposed permanent field access points, the rice fields will continue to remain wetlands
managed by the water control system. The irrigation canal/ditch restoration will involve
the sidecasting and spreading of material across the fields, but the resulting thin veneer of
fill will not effect a conversion of these fields to uplands, even on a temporary basis.
Further, the ability to flood the fields remains as it has throughout the history of the
plantation. The fields were and will be wetlands managed for agriculture and impacts are
considered to be temporary.
The permanent field access points will have a maximum wetlands/waters fill dimension
of 26'x15' or 390 square feet at each location. The total maximum permanent
wetlands/waters impact area for the fourteen (14) access points is 5,460 square feet
(0.125 acres). This minimal amount of impact area will allow for safe and efficient farm
equipment access to various segments of the rice field system.
In response to a request during pre -application consultation by the COE, North Carolina
Wetland Assessment Method (NC WAM) forms (version 4.1) were prepared for each of
the rice fields at Orton Plantation. The purpose of NC WAM is to provide a rapid field
method to determine the level of function of a wetland relative to a reference condition
(when appropriate) for each of 16 general wetland types in North Carolina. The tool is of
limited utility when wetland functions are being assessed in a wetland which does not fit
well within the 16 wetland types, and for which there is no closely comparable reference.
The rice fields are an example of wetlands which do not fit within the 16 wetland types.
Although no specific wetland type exists for rice fields, for the purpose of the WAM
analysis, all the rice fields at Orton Plantation, with the exception of a portion of the back
rice field, were assigned to the "Non -Tidal Freshwater Marsh" category. A portion of the
back rice field was characterized for the purposes of the WAM method as being in the
"Riverine Swamp Forest" category, but this may not be accurate. The completed NC
WAM forms are enclosed within this submittal, but the applicant does not believe that the
analyses are informative or reliable because of the limits of the method as applied to
wetland types that have no reference condition.
7

Wetland Impacts Mitigation
The applicant proposes to mitigate for the loss of wetlands using a combination of
restoration, enhancement, and preservation of both freshwater and saltwater wetlands
resources on the Orton Plantation site. Applicant believes that the resources on the
plantation offer many opportunities that will address more efficiently mitigation for
resource losses than other avenues available for this purpose. The plantation has
available to it a variety of field equipment, experienced operators, and expertise in
wetlands and resource conservation, restoration, and protection. Commitments will be
made for annual monitoring and reporting of progress and status. The specifics of the
mitigation plan will be developed in conjunction with COE and DWQ representatives
after consultation with those agencies regarding opportunities presented by the variety of
restorable resources, resources susceptible to efficient enhancement, and undisturbed
resources valued for preservation which are present on the plantation site. The applicant
believes that this course of action will best ensure the most effective utilization of those
resources in a cooperative and collaborative fashion.
ontact Information
All review agency questions and comments regarding this submittal should be directed
to:
Land Management Group, Inc.
Attn: Orton Project
P.O. Box 2522
Wilmington, NC 28405
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
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