20011729 Ver 1_Mitigation Information_20011127

CONCEPTUAL WETLAND AND STREAM MITIGATION PLAN
FOR THE
ROCKY RIVER LOWER RESERVOIR EXPANSION
CHATHAM COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Prepared By:
Dr. J.H. Carter III & Associates, Inc.
Environmental Consultants
P.O. Box 891
Southern Pines, North Carolina 28388
Submitted 23 January 2003
To:
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Raleigh Regional Office
6508 Falls of the Neuse Road, Suite 120
Raleigh, NC 27615-6846
North Carolina Division of Water Quality
401 Wetland Certification Unit
2321 Crabtree Blvd., Suite 250
Raleigh, NC 27604-2260
WETLANDS/ 401 GROUP
JAN 2 2,2004
WATER QUALITY SECTION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................................1
PROJECT SITE DESCRIPTION .....................................................................................................2
IMPACTS AT THE ROCKY RIVER LOWER RESERVOIR .....................................................5
Stream Impacts ................................................................................................................................ 5
Wetland Impacts .............................................................................................................................. 5
PROPOSED MITIGATION ..............................................................................................................9
Proposed Stream Mitigation ............................................................................................................ 9
Deep River Restoration ................................................................................................................9
On-Site Stream Enhancement .......................................................................................................9
On-Site Stream Preservation ........................................................................................................9
Proposed Wetland Mitigation ........................................................................................................ 11
On-Site Wetland Mitigation .......................................................................................................... 11
Mitigation Wetland 01 (MW-01) ............................................................................................... 12
Mitigation Wetland 02 (MW-02) ............................................................................................... 20
Fringe Wetland ........................................................................................................................... 22
On-Site Wetland Enhancement .................................................................................................. 22
On-Site Wetland Preservation .................................................................................................... 22
Off-Site Wetland Mitigation ....................................................................................................... 22
Parcel No.8735049459 Enhancement ........................................................................................ 23
Parcel No.14884 Preservation .................................................................................................... 26
MONITORING ACTIVITIES ........................................................................................................26
Reference Forest Ecosystems ........................................................................................................ 26
Wetland Mitigation Sites ............................................................................................................... 26
On-Site Stream Mitigation Sites .................................................................................................... 29
REPORTING ....................................................................................................................................29
Wetland Mitigation Sites
Stream Mitigation Sites..
....................................................... 29
....................................................... 29
SUCCESS CRITERIA .....................................................................................................................30
Wetland Hydrology ....................................................................................................................... 30
Wetland Vegetation ....................................................................................................................... 30
CONTINGENCY PLANS ................................................................................................................30
REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................31
1
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Rocky River Lower Reservoir Expansion Project
Location Map ................................................................................................... 3
Figure 2a & 2b:
Figure 3:
Figure 4a-4e:
Figure 5:
Figure 6
Figure 7:
Figure 8:
Figure 9:
Figure 10:
Figure 11:
Figure 12:
Figure 13:
Wetland Impacts ........................................................................................... 5-6
Location of On-Site Stream Mitigation ......................................................... 10
Location of On-Site Wetland Mitigation .................................................. 13-17
General Location Map for Mitigation Wetland 01 and 02 ............................ 18
Soil Map for Mitigation Wetland 01 ............................................................. 19
Soil Map for Mitigation Wetland 02 ............................................................. 21
Wetland Preservation on Parcel No. 8735049459 ......................................... 23
Location of Wetland Enhancement Site,
Parcel # 8735049459 .................................................................................... 24
Soil Map for Wetland Enhancement Site,
Parcel # 8735049459 ..................................................................................... 25
Wetland Preservation on Parcel No 14884 .................................................... 26
Location of Wetland Preservation Site,
Parcel # 14884 ............................................................................................... 27
Soil Map for Wetland Preservation Site,
Parcel # 14884 ............................................................................................... 28
ii
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Stream Impacts for the Rocky River Lower Reservoir
Expansion Project ............................................................................................ 5
Table 2: Proposed Mitigation Activity for Stream Channels ........................................ 9
Table 3: Proposed Mitigation Activity for Wetlands .................................................. 11
Table 4: On-Site Wetland Mitigation .......................................................................... 12
............................... 23
Table 5: Off-Site Wetland Mitigation ...........................................
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix A Wetland Creation Site Plans
Mitigation Wetland 01 Grading Plan .............................................................................................. 1
Mitigation Wetland 02 Grading Plan .............................................................................................. 2
Appendix B Alternative Mitigation Opportunities
Fox Lake Wetland Restoration/Enhancement ................................................................................. 1
Silk Hope Wetland Preservation ..................................................................................................... 3
US 64 Wetland Preservation ........................................................................................................... 3
Lacys Creek Wetland Preservation ................................................................................................. 4
Snow Camp Wetland Preservation .................................................................................................. 4
iii
CONCEPTUAL WETLAND AND STREAM MITIGATION PLAN
FOR THE
ROCKY RIVER LOWER RESERVOIR EXPANSION
CHATHAM COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
US ACOE Action ID No. 200220234 NC DWQ Project No. 01-1729
INTRODUCTION
The Town of Siler City (Town) is proposing to construct a new dam structure immediately
below the existing Rocky River Lower Reservoir dam in order to expand the existing Lower
Reservoir. The expansion of this reservoir will establish a water supply that will provide an
additional 2.0 million gallons per day (MGD) to meet the Town's projected long-term needs past
the current 20-year planning window through at least 2030, based on current population and
demand projections. The project would result in the establishment of a 162.5-acre reservoir
(including 24.4 acres of existing reservoir) and the preservation of a 117.3-acre buffer zone
approximately 100 feet wide around the proposed reservoir.
Project construction would result in the loss of 9.24 acres of jurisdictional wetlands and
inundation of 7,916 linear feet of perennial streams, 1,588 linear feet of intermittent streams and
3,242 linear feet of ephemeral streams. The majority of existing wetlands and streams have been
adversely affected by human activities including cattle grazing.
The Town's goal is to improve the environmental quality of the project site and watershed as
a whole. As part of this goal, a 100-foot vegetative buffer around the expanded reservoir will be
established and all wetlands and streams within this buffer will be preserved, enhanced or restored,
as appropriate. In addition to the on-site mitigation, the Town will purchase stream mitigation
credits created by the removal of a dam on the Deep River. Wetland preservation, restoration and
enhancement opportunities are being sought off-site within the Rocky River sub-basin.
PROJECT SITE DESCRIPTION
The project area is located in western Chatham County in the east-central Piedmont of North
Carolina (Figure 1). The topography ranges from gently to strongly sloping. Elevations within the
project area range from 450 to 700 feet above Mean Sea Level (MSL). Geologically, the project
lies within the Carolina Slate Belt of North Carolina. The soils are generally silt loams and silty
clay loams, with the Badin, Cid, Lignum, Georgeville and Nanford Series being the most
widespread. Soils along rivers and creeks, which ultimately drain to the Cape Fear River, are
dominated by Riverview and Badin-Nanford soils (H.Outz, Chatham SWCD, pers. comm.).
The predominant natural vegetative communities as defined by the North Carolina Natural
Heritage Program (NCNHP) (Schafale and Weakley 1990) were the Dry Oak-Hickory Forest on the
ridgetops and upper slopes, Dry-Mesic Oak-Hickory Forest on mid-and lower slopes,
Piedmont/Coastal Plain Heath Bluff on steep slopes and banks, Mesic Mixed Hardwood Forest on
some lower slopes and along some well-drained small creek bottoms and Piedmont Alluvial Forest
on river and stream floodplains.
The Dry Oak-Hickory Forest was dominated by white oak (Quercus alba), southern red oak
(Q. falcata), post oak (Q. stellata), blackjack oak (Q. marilandica) and hickory species, including
mockernut hickory (Carya tomentosa) and pignut hickory (C. glabra). Shortleaf (Pinus echinata)
and Virginia (P. virginiana) pines were also important components and dominated portions of this
community type. Typical understory species included sourwood (Oxydendrum arboreum), red
maple (Acer rubrum), flowering dogwood (Cornus florida) and sparkleberry (Vaccinium
arboreum). Shrubs ranged from sparse to dense and included gooseberry (V. stamineum), lowbush
blueberry (V. pallidum) and dwarf blueberry (Vacinium tenellum). Herbs were generally sparse and
included pipsissewa (Chimaphila maculata), oat grass (Danthonia spicata), rattlesnake weed
(Hieracium venosum), goat's rue (Tephosia virginiana) and greater coreopsis (Coreopsis major).
The Dry-Mesic Oak-Hickory Forest was dominated by white oak and other oaks and
hickories including northern red oak (Q. rubra), black oak (Q. velutina), shagbark hickory (C.
ovata) and pignut hickory. Pines, tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) and sweetgum
(Liquidambar styraciflua) were also common. Understory species included red maple, flowering
dogwood, sourwood, American holly (Ilex opaca) and blackgum (Nyssa sylvatica). Shrubs
included gooseberry, dangleberry (Gaylussacia frondosa) and American strawberry-bush
(Euonymus americanus). The herb layer was sparse and included heartleaf (Hexastylis arifolia),
2
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January 7, 2004 FIGURE 1
PROJECT LOCATION MAP
ROCKY RIVER LOWER RESERVOIR EXPANSION
CHATHAM COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA s
Prepared By:
Dr. J.H. Carter, III & Associates
Southern Pines, North Carolina Scale 1:24,000
pipsissewa, rattlesnake plantain (Goodyera pubescens) and woodland tick-trefoil (Desmodium
nudiflorum).
Piedmont/Coastal Plain Heath Bluff contained an open to very sparse overstory of rock
chestnut oak (Q. prinus) and shortleaf pine. A variety of trees from surrounding forests also
occurred in this community. A dense shrub layer dominated by mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia)
occured on these sites. Herbs were generally sparse and included galax (Galax aphylla), trailing
arbutus (Epigea repens), pipsissewa and partridge berry (Mitchella repens).
Dominant overstory species within the Mesic Mixed Hardwood Forest community included
beech (Fagus grandifolia), northern red oak, tulip poplar and southern sugar maple (Acer
barbatum). Typical understory species included flowering dogwood, red maple and American
holly. Common shrub species included horse sugar (Symplocos tinctoria), witch-hazel
(Hammamelis virginiana), buckeye (Aesculus sylvatica), switch cane (Arundinaria tecta), American
strawberry bush, beautyberry (Callicarpa americanus) and blueberries (Vaccinium spp.). Ground
cover was moderately dense to dense and often diverse, and included Christmas fern (Polystichum
acrostichoides), heartleaf (H. virginica), foamflower (Tiarella cordifolia), rattlesnake fern
(Botrychium virginianum), alumroot (Heuchera americana) and lion's foot (Prenanthes
serpentaria).
Dominant overstory species in the Piedmont Alluvial Forest community type included river
birch (Betula nigra), tulip poplar, sweetgum, green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica), black walnut
(Juglans nigra), hackberry (Celtis laevigata) and sycamore (Platanus occidentalis). Typical
understory species included boxelder (Acer negundo), red maple and ironwood (Carpinus
caroliniana). Shrubs included American strawberry bush, spicebush (Lindera benzoin) and Chinese
privet (Ligustrum sinese). The ground cover was generally dense. Species included vermin grass
(Microstegium virmineum), bluestem goldenrod (Solidago caesia), heartleaf aster (Aster
divaricatus), buttercup (Ranunculus abortius), Canada avens (Geum canadense) and violets (Viola
spp.). Vines were common and included poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans), muscadine grape
(Vitis rotundifolia), greenbrier (Smilax rotundifolia), Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia)
and moonseed (Menispermum canadense).
The entire site has been heavily disturbed by human impacts. Nearly half of the uplands
have been converted to fields, pastures and rural residential areas. Forested areas were generally
small and fragmented.
4
IMPACTS AT THE ROCKY RIVER LOWER RESERVOIR
Stream Impacts
A total of 12,746 linear feet of stream channels will be permanently flooded by the proposed
project. Of this, 3,242 linear feet are ephemeral streams, which do not require mitigation by State
or Federal agencies. The perennial and intermittent streams to be mitigated total 9,504 linear feet.
On 18 March 2002, the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACOE) visited the project site
and made jurisdictional determinations on waterbodies within the project area. It was determined
that some of the delineated channels were nonjurisdictional due to the lack of stream characteristics
and were either ditches or water impoundments. Table 1 details the linear footage of stream impacts
approved by the USACOE.
TABLE 1
STREAM IMPACTS
FOR THE
ROCKY RIVER LOWER RESERVOIR EXPANSION PROJECT
Stream Type Stream Channel Impacts*
Perennial-Forested 6,332.83
Perennial-NonForested 1,583.56
Intermittent Forested 1,200.23
Intermittent-NonForested 387.60
TOTAL 9,504
* Linear Feet
Wetland Impacts
Construction and operation of the proposed project will impact 9.24 acres of jurisdictional
wetlands. This includes 1.52 acres of isolated wetland and 7.72 acres of riparian wetland. Many of
the wetlands impacted are disturbed or narrow riparian fringe. Figure 2a through 2c shows the
location of these wetlands. All wetland impacts will be the result of flooding.
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PROPOSED MITIGATION
Proposed Stream Mitigation
To mitigate for stream impacts, the Town proposes to purchase mitigation credits generated
by the Carbonton Dam removal project on the Deep River, as well as on-site enhancement and
preservation. Table 2 outlines the proposed stream mitigation activities. It is expected that the
Carbonton Dam removal project will meet the Town's stream channel mitigation requirements and
that on-site stream mitigation will be supplemental stream channel mitigation.
TABLE 2
PROPOSED MITIGATION ACTIVITY FOR STREAM CHANNELS
Mitigation Activity Mitigation in Linear Feet' Mitigation to Impact Ratio Mitigation Credit in Linear
Feet
Carbonton Dam Removal N/A N/A 9,600
Project
On-Site Enhancement 224.5 4:1 56.13
On-Site Preservation 528.10 10:1 52.81
TOTAL 1,434.68 9708.94
` Linear Feet estimated
Deep River Restoration
The Town is in the process of negotiating and purchasing 9,600 stream channel mitigation
credits (Table 2) from the Carbonton Dam removal project on the Deep River near the Lee-Chatham
County line, North Carolina. The Carbonton Dam removal project will restore the natural stream
channel characteristics and river flow of approximately 10 miles of the Deep River.
On-Site Stream Enhancement
Approximately 245 linear feet of non-forested streams within the reservoir's 100-foot buffer
will be revegetated with river birch, tulip poplar, green ash and sycamore. The locations of these
streams are shown in Figure 3.
On-Site Stream Preservation
Approximately 528 linear feet of forested stream channel will be preserved. The locations
of these streams are shown in Figure 3.
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January 7, 2004
FIGURE 3
LOCATIONS OF ON-SITE STREAM MITIGATION
ROCKY RIVER LOWER RESERVOIR EXPANSION
CHATHAM COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Prepared By:
Dr. J. H. Carter, I I I & Associates
Southern Pines, North Carolina
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5
Preservation
Proposed Wetland Mitigation
On-site wetland mitigation is preferred in order to maintain and improve the water quality of
the proposed reservoir. Approximately, 19.9 acres of potential mitigation acreage has been
identified on-site. Of the 9.24 acres of wetlands impacted by the proposed project, 3.36 acres will
be restored, an additional 11.44 acres will be created, and 4.45 acres of fringe wetland is projected
to naturally develop. In addition, within the 100-foot reservoir buffer 0.30 acre of wetland will be
preserved and 0.32 acre will be enhanced.
Off-site, 3.00 acres of wetland preservation and 7.00 acres of wetland enhancement have
been identified. Table 3 outlines this proposed wetland mitigation activity. A detailed discussion
of each proposed mitigation activity follows.
TABLE 3
PROPOSED MITIGATION ACTIVITY FOR WETLANDS
I
Mitigation Activity
Mitigation Acreage*
Mitigation to Impact Ratio
Mitigation Credit Acreage
On-Site Wetland Creation 11.44 3:1 3.81
Wetland Fringe 4.45 3:1 1.48
On-Site Wetland 3.36 1.5:1 2.24
Restoration
On-Site Wetland 0.30 10:1 0.03
Preservation
On-Site Wetland 0.32 4:1 0.08
Enhancement
Off-Site Wetland 7.00 4:1 1.75
Enhancement
Off-Site Wetland 3.00 10:1 0.30
Preservation
TOTAL 31.87 9.69
* Acreage calculations are estimated.
On-Site Wetland Mitigation
On-site wetland mitigation will include creation, restoration and enhancement of wetlands
within the project area. Table 4 lists each on-site mitigation activity and Figures 4a-4e show the
locations of these wetlands. A discussion of these proposed mitigation activities follow.
11
TABLE 4
ON-SITE WETLAND MITIGATION
Proposed Mitigation Activity for Mitigation Mitigation to Impact Mitigation Credit Acreage
Wetlands Acreage" Ratio
MW-01-Creation 6.76 3:1 2.25
MW-01-Restoration 3.24 1.5:1 2.16
MV-02-Creation 4.72 3:1 1.57
MW-02-restoration 0.12 1.5:1 0.08
Fringe Wetland Creation 4.45 3:1 1.48
Buffer Area Wetland Preservation 0.30 10:1 0.03
Buffer Area Wetland Enhancement 0.32 4:1 0.08
Total
19.91
7.65
` Acreage calculations are estimated.
Mitigation Wetland 01 (MW-01)
MW-01 is a 10 acre site within the Rocky River Lower Reservoir project site consisting of
6.76 acres of current upland and 3.24 acres of wetland. The general location of this site is shown in
Figure 5 and its location within the project is shown in Figure 4c. The existing wetlands are
artifacts of human disturbance and will be flooded as a result of the proposed project. Within this
wetland there is a stream channel that has been silted-in by activities associated with human
disturbance. This disturbance has caused the stream to severely braid and has destroyed the original
channel. As part of the creation of MW-01, this stream will be channelized; however, this will not
be included as part of the projects stream mitigation. The majority of the site has been clear-cut and
small areas are in pasture. The elevation ranges from 538 to 542 MSL. It is bordered to the north
by pasture, to the west by alluvial forest, agricultural land and the Rocky River, the east by thinned
upland hardwood forest and upland hardwood forest, and to the south by clear-cut, upland
hardwood forest and pasture.
Soils on the site are mapped as Nanford, Badin, Chewacla, Wehadkee, Peawick, and
Georgeville series (Figure 6) (USDAa, unpublished). Historically the predominant plant community
on the site was Piedmont Alluvial Forest and Mesic Mixed Hardwood Forest
12

Legend
2 foot Contours
On-Site Wetland Preservation & Enhancement
Mitigation Wetland 1
Mitigation Wetland 2
Fnnge Wetland
O Perennial Streams
Intennifflent Stream
Ephemeral Streams
Existing Resenroir Boundary
Proposed Reservoir Boundary
100, buffer
0 Business
Cropland
Q Forest
Industrial
Pasture
B Residential
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January 1, 2004
FIGURE 4A
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LOCATION OF ON-SITE WETLAND MITIGATION
ROCKY RIVER LOWER RESERVOIR EXPANSION
CHATHAM COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Prepared By:
Dr. J.H. Carter, III & Associates
Southern Pines, North Carolina
0 1,650 31300 6,600
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Januarv 12, 2004 FIGURE 5
GENERAL LOCATION MAP FOR MITIGATION WETLANDS 01 AND 02
ROCKY RIVER LOWER RESERVOIR EXPANSION
CHATHAM COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Prepared By: site location -
Dr. J.H. Carter, III & Associates
Southern Pines, North Carolina
Scale 1:24,000

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50C= Nanford-badin complex, 6-10% slopes
3A= Chewacla and Wehadkee soils, 02% slopes, frequently flooded
544A= Peawick fine sandy loam, 0-2% slopes, rarely flooded
232132= Georgeville silty clay loam, 2-6% slopes, moderately eroded
January 12, 2004 FIGURE 6
SOIL MAP FOR MITIGATION WETLAND 01
ROCKY RIVER LOWER RESERVOIR EXPANSION
CHATHAM COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Site location
Prepared By:
Dr. J.H. Carter, III & Associates
Southern Pines, North Carolina Scale 1:2000
The proposed mitigation will fill 10 acres within the reservoir boundary. The fill material
will be obtained from adjacent areas within the proposed reservoir boundary. Final elevations
within the mitigation site are anticipated to be 541.3 feet above MSL and 1 foot above the proposed
reservoir's normal pool (540.3 MSL). Hydrology will be provided by the surrounding waters of the
proposed reservoir. Site specific grading plans are attached in Appendix A.
The mitigation area will be planted with native wetland plants. The target vegetative
community will be Piedmont Alluvial Forest. This community will be created by planting
hydrophytic species such as river birch, green ash, tulip poplar and black willow (Salix nigra). The
saplings will be planted using l Ox 10 foot spacing (or less) with at least 435 individuals per acre.
The saplings will be fertilized in their first and second years.
Mitigation Wetland 02 WW--02)
The proposed MW-02 totals 4.48 acres consisting of 4.72 acres of current upland and 0.12
acres of wetland within the Rocky River Lower Reservoir project site. The general location of this
site is shown in Figure 5 and its location within the project is shown in Figure 4c. The site will be
flooded as a result of the proposed project. The site is currently being used as agricultural land and
pasture with narrow strips of hardwood trees lining 2 drainage ditches. Elevation ranges from 536 to
542 MSL. It is bordered to the north by agricultural land, to the east by upland hardwood forest and
pasture, to the west by agricultural land and the Rocky River, and to the south by a field.
Soils on the site are mapped as Wickham, Wahee and Georgeville soil series (Figure 7)
(USDAa, unpublished). Historically the plant community on the site was Mesic Mixed Hardwood
Forest. The mitigation site has been significantly altered from its historical community type by
conversion to agricultural land.
The proposed mitigation will fill 4.48 acres within the reservoir boundary. The fill material
will be obtained from adjacent areas within the proposed reservoir. Final elevations within the
mitigation site will be 541.3 feet above MSL and 1 foot above the proposed reservoir's normal pool
(540.3 MSL). Hydrology will be provided by adjacent waters of the proposed reservoir. Site
specific grading plans are attached in Appendix A.
The mitigation site will be planted with native wetland plants. The target vegetative
community will be Piedmont Alluvial Forest. This community will be created by planting
hydrophytic species such as river birch, green ash, tulip poplar and black willow. The saplings will
20

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547A= Wahee silt loam, 0-3% slopes, rarely flooded
540A= Wickham fine sandy loam, 03% slope
23302 Georgeville silty clay loam, 6-10% slopes, moderately eroded
Januarv 12, 2004 FIGURE 7
SOIL MAP FOR MITIGATION WETLAND 02 rl
ROCKY RIVER LOWER RESERVOIR EXPANSION
CHATHAM COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Prepared By: Site location L- --J
Dr. J.H. Carter, III & Associates
Southern Pines, North Carolina
Scale 1:2000
be planted using 10x10 foot spacing (or less) with at least 435 individuals per acre. The saplings
will be fertilized in their first and second years.
Frinze Wetland
Much of the wetlands to be impacted by the proposed project are narrow fringe wetlands
around the existing reservoir that have been created by the reservoir. Fringe wetlands protect water
quality, protect and stabilize shorelines and provide habitat for fish and wildlife. Based on
topography and landscape position, it is anticipated that wetland fringe will naturally form around
portions of the reservoir. The following parameters were used to determine the locations of wetland
fringe around the proposed reservoir.
• Slope must be gentle to moderate;
• landscape position must be conducive to wetland development, such as areas on the
inside of the river bend, the level area at the base of steep slopes and flat areas
around feeder streams.
Approximately 4.45 acres of natural wetland fringe will be created as a result of this
project. Figures 4a through 4e show the anticipated locations of these wetlands.
On-Site Wetland Enhancement
A wetland complex consisting of 0.32 acre of nonforested, prior-converted wetland along
Mud Lick Creek will be enhanced. Natural vegetation composition will be enhanced on these
wetlands by replanting hydrophytic species such as river birch, green ash and tulip poplar at a
minimum of 435 trees per acre. The location of this wetland complex is shown in Figure 4a.
On-Site Wetland Preservation
Five existing forested jurisdictional wetlands, totaling 0.30 acre, will be preserved in
perpetuity within the 100-foot reservoir buffer. The locations of these wetlands are shown in
Figures 4a through 4e.
Off-Site Wetland Mitikation
Preservation, enhancement and restoration opportunities are being sought off-site to
complete the mitigation plan. Requests have been made to access properties with mitigation
potential. Table 5 lists the mitigation acreage and anticipated mitigation credit for properties where
survey access has been granted. Other areas where mitigation opportunities may exist, but access
has not yet been granted or only partial access has been granted, are described in Appendix B.
22
TABLE 5
Off-Site Wetland Mitigation
Proposed Mitigation Activity for Wetlands Mitigation Mitigation to Impact Mitigation Credit Acreage
Acreage' Ratio
Wetland Enhancement- Parcel No. 8735049459 7.0 4:1 1.75
Wetland Preservation-Parcel No.14884 3.0 10:1 0.30
Total 12.0 2.05
Mitigation acreage estimated
Parcel No. 8 735049459 Enhancement
The wetland enhancement on parcel number
8135049459 consists of approximately 7 acres
located 2 miles north of Liberty, in Randolph
County. The site is located at the intersection of
U.S. Highway 421 and State Route 49 along the r 4 tt Tnt
Rocky River near the Chatham-Randolph County
line North Carolina (Figure 9). It is bordered to the }? w
north, south and east by hardwood forest, and to the I-ig ? 8. N?01and 1) reser ation on parcel No. 873504
west by U.S. Highway 421.
Soils on the mitigation site are mapped as the Wehadkee and Vance series (Figure 10)
(USDA(a), unpublished).. Historically plant communities on the site included Mesic Mixed
Hardwood Forest and Piedmont Alluvial Forest.
These communities have been altered by flooding caused by a beaver dam. This has caused
vegetation not adapted to standing water to die. Currently this site is dominated by hydrophytic
herbaceous vegetation. The existing plant community is dominated by vermin grass, soft rush
(Juncus effusus), blackberry (Rubus sp.), black willow and sweetgum saplings (Figure 11). The site
will be enhanced by planting river birch, black willow, green ash and tulip poplar (a minimum of
435 trees per acre).
23
Januarv 12, 2004
FIGURE 9
LOCATION OF WETLAND ENHANCEMENT SITE
PARCEL #8735049459
ROCKY RIVER LOWER RESERVOIR EXPANSION
CHATHAM COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Prepared By:
Dr. J. H. Carter, I I I & Associates
Southern Pines, North Carolina
k
Site Location
Scale: 1:24,000 1

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FIGURE 10
January 12, 2004
SOIL MAP FOR MITIGATION WETLAND SITE "
PARCEL #8735049459
ROCKY RIVER LOWER RESERVOIR EXPANSION
CHATHAM COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Site LA)C1L1017
Prepared By:
Dr. J.H. Carter, III & Associates
Southern Pines, North Carolina Scale: 1:2.000

Parcel No. 14884 Preservation
Approximately 3 acres of existing
jurisdictional wetland along Meadow Creek, a
tributary to Rocky River, will be preserved in
perpetuity. The wetland preservation on parcel
number14884 consists of approximately 3 acres
located 3 miles southeast of Siler City, off Arthur
Teague Road, in central Chatham County (Figure
12). It is bordered to the north, east and south by
pasture and to the west by hardwood forest.
Soils on the mitigation site are mapped as the Chewacla, Wehadkee and Georgeville series
(Figure 13) (USDA(b), unpublished). The historical plant community at this site is Piedmont
Alluvial Forest.
This community has been left relatively undisturbed. Even though the surrounding area is
dominated by pasture, this site has been fenced off and unused for generations.
MONITORING ACTIVITIES
Reference Forest Ecosystems
A reference forest ecosystem (RFP) has not been established for mitigation sites MW-01 and
MW-02. A RFP will be identified as close to the project site as possible.
Fringe wetlands that are lost in the creation of the reservoir will be described in detail prior
to inundation and these descriptions will serve as a measure of the success criteria for the newly
formed fringe wetlands. Success will be measured by the fringe wetland's resemblance to the
reference wetlands.
Wetland Mitilration Sites
Wetland mitigation sites will be monitored for a period of 5 years or until the success
criteria have been met, whichever is longer. Electronic shallow groundwater-monitoring wells will
be installed within the reference sites. Additional wells may be placed in adjacent uplands. Within
the mitigation sites, wells will be placed at the final grade levels in the corners and center of the
proposed mitigation sites. Electronic monitoring wells will record water levels daily and be
downloaded every 3-4 months.
26
Figure 11: wetland preservation on parcel No. 14884
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January 12, 2004 FIGURE 12 ?_-
LOCATION OF WETLAND PRESERVATION SITE
PARCEL #14884
ROCKY RIVER LOWER RESERVOIR EXPANSION
CHATHAM COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA -
Site Location
Prepared By:
Dr. J.H. Carter, III & Associates
Southern Pines, North Carolina Scale: 1:24,000
a t a:2,,. zo: $ 1?', r ?,?,r<-w..?+??:.- ?•?:.-±- ? ?,a; :t3r?P
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;.. t 1 ?/ C??7y"•^1 20$2 ?' ? ?~4. i?4.? ?,`? l Z 3P ( A4?.
?? ' 'ice $ 1 W 25xn
5A = Chewacla/Wehadkee, somewhat poorly/poorly drained
13? o205C2 = Georgeville silt loam, 6-10% slopes
FIGURE 13
January 12, 2004 ,
SOIL MAP FOR WETLAND PRESERVATION SITE `
PARCEL #14884
ROCKY RIVER LOWER RESERVOIR EXPANSION
CHATHAM COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Site Location ' -•- ' `
Prepared By:
Dr. J.H. Carter, III & Associates
Southern Pines, North Carolina Scale: 1:2000
In the restoration and creation areas, vegetation will be characterized by species, prevalence
and percent cover each year during the 5-year (or longer) monitoring period in 5 10x10 meter plots.
Vegetation monitoring will occur in late summer or early fall before leaf drop. A soil sample will
be taken at the time mitigation installation is begun and each year thereafter and examined for
hydric soil and wetland hydrology characteristics.
Tree sapling survival will be monitored every year. All mitigation areas will be transected
annually and dead saplings will be replaced during the 5-year monitoring period or until success
criteria are met.
On-Site Stream Mitigation Sites
The stream enhancement areas will be monitored for 5 years. Tree sapling survival will be
monitored every year. All enhancement areas will be transected annually and dead saplings will be
replaced during the 5-year monitoring period or until success criteria are met.
The monitoring period may be extended beyond 5 years if stabilization is not accomplished.
Any additional actions will be coordinated with the USACOE.
REPORTING
Wetland Mitigation Sites
An as-built report will be submitted to the USACOE and DWQ after the mitigation sites are
constructed. The as-built report will include final elevations, plant species composition and
numbers and sample plot and well locations and photographic reference points.
An annual report will be submitted to the USACOE and the DWQ by 31 January of each
year during the 5-year (or longer) monitoring period. Annual reports will include a plot of the
average ground water elevations in the mitigation site and reference areas, sample plot and water
level monitoring stations and photographs of each monitoring plot. All data collected during the
monitoring period will be summarized and the acreage of successful and unsuccessful areas will
also be estimated.
Stream Mitigation Sites
Information from the stream channel enhancement sites will be reported in the annual report
for the 5-year (or longer) monitoring period. Annual reports will include photographs of
representative sections of stream channel and information on coverage and survival of any planted
vegetative materials.
29
SUCCESS CRITERIA
Wetland Hydrology
The success criteria for wetland hydrology will be met when the hydrology in the
restored/created wetlands meets the minimum requirement as specified in the 1987 USACOE
Wetland Delineation Manual for a jurisdictional wetland. Criteria for wetland hydrology are met
when the areas are inundated or saturated within 12 inches of the surface continuously for at least
12% of the growing season (approximately 27 days) under normal rainfall. Under drought
conditions (as designated by the North Carolina Drought Monitoring Council) the wetland
hydrology success criteria must be at a minimum inundation or saturation within 12 inches of the
surface continuously for at least 5% of the growing season. The growing season for Chatham
County, North Carolina, runs from early March to late November (approximately 265 days). In
general, success will emphasize establishment of wetland hydrology similar to that present in the
Reference Areas. The target hydrology will be +/- 2 inches of that in the Reference Areas (for a
given elevation).
Wetland Vegetation
Success criteria for the vegetation will be met when at least 260 trees/acre of the approved
planted species have survived for at least 5 years on at least 14.9 acres. In general, success will
emphasize establishment of hydrophytic vegetation similar to that present in the Reference Areas.
The final living planted species numbers may deviate 10 percent from the initial species planting
numbers and still be considered successful.
CONTINGENCY PLANS
All aspects of the mitigation plan will be closely monitored throughout the 5-year (or
longer) monitoring period and adjustments will be made to ensure success during that time frame.
The purpose of monitoring is to determine whether the success criteria are being met and making
adjustments to ensure that they will be met. As the mitigation plan is finalized, contingency plans
will be expanded for each mitigation site.
30
REFERENCES
Outz, Henry. 2002. Personal Communication. Chatham County Soil & Water Conservation
District.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. 1987. "Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual,"
Technical Report Y-87-1, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg,
Miss
U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service(a). Unpublished Soil
Survey for Randolph County, North Carolina.
U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service(b). Unpublished Soil
Survey for Chatham County, North Carolina.
31
APPENDIX A
WETLAND CREATION SITE PLANS
ROCKY RIVER LOWER RESERVOIR EXPANSION
CONCEPTUAL MITIGATION PLAN
?ill III
TOTAL CREATED WETLANDS: 10 ACRES
PROPOSED 100' BUFFER TOTAL IMPACTED WETLANDS: 1.5 ACRES k
AROUND NEW RESERVOIR TOTAL CUT: 46223 YARDS
TOTAL FILL: 46223 YARDS
® PROPOSED WETLANDS
N
0
EXISTING WETLANDS rn =
-n- FLOOD EL. 540.30'
1 - - EXISTING WETLANDS
....., PROPOSED 5' CONTOUR °
\\? PROPOSED i' CONTOUR,
EXISTING 5' CONTOUR
`?. HIGH WATER LINE OF EXISTING 1' CONTOUR
\ PROPOSED RESERVOIR:
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APPENDIX B
ROCKY RIVER LOWER RESERVOIR EXPANSION
ALTERNATIVE MITIGATION OPPORTUNITIES
WITHIN THE ROCKY RIVER SUB-BASIN
APPENDIX B
ROCKY RIVER LOWER RESERVOIR EXPANSION
ALTERNATIVE MITIGATION OPPORTUNITIES
WITHIN THE ROCKY RIVER SUB-BASIN
The Town has been seeking mitigation options outside the Rocky River Lower Reservoir
expansion project site. Currently there are 5 mitigation opportunities within the Rocky River sub-
basin that are in the preliminary stages of investigation. Field surveys of these sites have only been
conducted where landowner access was granted; however, most landowners have not responded to
the Town's efforts to contact them. Efforts are underway to gain field survey permission on all the
sites listed below. The general location of these sites is shown in Figure Bl .
• Fox Lake Wetland Restoration/Enhancement
• Silk Hope Wetland Preservation
• U.S. 64 Wetland Preservation
• Lacys Creek Wetland Preservation
• Snow Camp Wetland Preservation
Fox Lake Wetland Restoration/Enhancement
Fox Lake is owned by the Town of
Siler City and is located approximately
1200 feet northwest of the Lower
Reservoir dam. It is approximately 6 acres
in size and was created by damming an
unnamed tributary of the Rocky River.
The back half of this lake is severely
silted-in. The Town is considering
restoring approximately 3 acres of wetland
in this area by modifying the dam in order
to lower the water level in the silted-in area and enhancing the existing fringe wetland by planting
native trees and shrubs.
B-1
Figure B2: Fox Lake creation site
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Silk Hope Wetland Preservation
This site is located north of Siler
City between Silk-Hope Liberty Road
(State Road 1346) and Silk Hope Road
(State Road 1003). This is a riparian
wetland system along Varnell Creek, a
tributary to the Rocky River. Only a
small portion of this site has been field
checked because one landowner has
given permission to access the property.
No wetlands have been delineated on the
site. Letters requesting survey permission have been sent to all landowners associated with this site.
The portion that was observed is undisturbed and is Piedmont Alluvial Forest community type.
According to the National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) map, this temporarily flooded wetland
community consists of approximately 1 acre of scrub-shrub and approximately 2 acres of forested
palustrine wetland with broad-leaved deciduous vegetation.
US 64 Wetland Preservation
This wetland preservation site is on Varnell Creek, south of the Silk Hope Wetland
Preservation site. It is located east of Siler City off U.S. Highway 64. According to the NWI map,
this wetland community consists of approximately 1.5 acres of temporarily flooded palustrine
forested wetland with broad-leaved deciduous vegetation. This site has not been field checked nor
have wetlands been delineated. Letters requesting survey permission have been sent to all
landowners associated with this site.
B-3
Figure 133: Silk Hope wetland preservation site
Laces Creek Wetland Preservation
This wetland preservation site is located north of Siler City off Ed Clapp Road (State Road
1312). This is a riparian wetland of Lacys Creek, a perennial tributary of the Rocky River. The
NWI shows this system as having approximately 1.5 acres of temporarily flooded palustrine
forested wetland with broad-leaved deciduous vegetation. This site has not been field checked nor
have wetlands been delineated. Letters requesting survey permission have been sent to all
landowners associated with this site.
Snow Camp Wetland Preservation
This wetland preservation site is located northeast of Siler City off Snow Camp Road (State
Road 1004). This is a riparian wetland associated with an unnamed tributary of Nick Creek and
Nick Creek, a tributary of the Rocky River. According to the NWI map, this wetland system is a
saturated palustrine forested wetland with broad-leaved deciduous and needle-leaved evergreen
vegetation. This site has not been field checked nor have wetlands been delineated. Letters
requesting survey permission have been sent to all landowners associated with this site.
B-4