20070695 Ver 1_Application_20070424

Cherokee County
20070 ~~~
Soil and Water Conservation District 6 9 v~orlE: (828) 837-
FAX: (828) 837-~9
09S1~1
To whom it may concern,
225 Valley River Ave. - Suite J • Murphy, North Carolina 28906
The purpose of this PCN application is for Stream Bank
Stabilization/Repair on Beaver Dam Creek. This project is being planned
and funded by the Cherokee County Soil and Water and the Natural
Resource Conservation Service. State funds from the NC Ag-Cost Share
Program will be used for this project. We are asking that any permitting fees
be waived since this is a state funded restoration project.
Please see the attached letter from the Area Resource Conservationist
with NRCS, Alan Walker dated March 22, 2007 for further explanation for
the need of this project. He also is responsible for the enclosed design of
proposed stabilization methods.
If there are any questions please feel free to contact me at 828-837-6417
ext 3.
Sincerely,
~~~
Michael Stiles
Cherokee County Soil and Water
225 Valley River Ave. Suite J
Murphy NC 28906
®~~ 11
o ~~
~~
Conservation • Development •Self-Government

Natural Resources Conservation Service
589 Raccoon Road, Suite 246
Waynesville, NC 28786
PH [phone]
FX [phone]
SUBJECT: McMillian Streambank Repair DATE: March 22, 2007
TO: Glenn Carson and Michael Stiles
Murphy Field Office
Attached you will find a copy of a proposed design to stabilize the eroding streambank on Beaverdam
Creek. The owner(s) of the property are responsible for acquiring any permits required to implement this
design. The owners of the property should also realize the proposed solution will only be successful with
complete installation and the development of a riparian forest buffer.
The reach of Beaverdam Creek has some problems associated with the bank height to bankfull ratio and
obstructions to flow mainly by beavers. Beaverdam creek has awidth/depth ratio that is around 10. This
stream is experiencing a channel evolution of either widening resulting in an increased width/depth ratio
or it is narrowing and reducing the width/depth ratio. Regardless of the point in channel evolution the
absence of riparian vegetation is allowing the process to continue. The erosion occurring on the outside
of meander bends and in an area where old cars we utilized in an attempt to stabilize the bank. It is
proposed that a bankfull bench be excavated along the right bank (looking downstream). This bench
should be between 5 and 10 foot wide and slope back to the existing floodprone area. In-stream structures
such as j-hook vanes can be placed in the stream to direct the thalweg and reduce near bank stress. A
cross vane is proposed at a location to aide in re-aligning the stream flow and reduce streambank erosion
on the opposite bank. The rocks used in this job should be approximately 2'x2'x4' at a min. and weigh
approximately 15001bs. min. In addition to the instream structures the establishment of a riparian forest
buffer will be essential to the long term stability of the project. The disturbed areas will also need to be
seeded following the attached guidelines and erosion control matting as needed to prevent erosion while
the vegetation is being established.
It is important that if the old vehicles are removed they are disposed of properly and care is taken no to
allow any fluids that may have been left in the engine or transmissions to enter th.e~stream.
I will be glad to assist in laying out the project and assisting with installation as my schedule will allow.
M. Alan Walker
Resource Conservationist
Enclosures

2 p ~ 70 6 95
Office Use Only: Form Version March OS
USACE Action ID No. DWQ No.
(If any particular item is not applicable to thls project, please enter lvol Hppticaote or ivir~ .~
I. Processing
1. Check all of the appl-oval(s) requested for this project:
® Section 404 Permit ^ Riparian or Watershed Buffer Rules
^ Section 10 Permit ^ Isolated Wetland Permit from DWQ
^ 401 Watel- Quality Certification ^ Express 401 Water Quality Certification
2. Nationwide, Regional or General Permit Number(s) Requested: Nationwide # 27
3. If this notification is solely a courtesy copy because written approval for the 401 Certification
is not required, check here:
4. If payment into the North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program (NCEEP) is proposed
for mitigation of impacts, attach the acceptance letter from NCEEP, complete section VIII,
and check here: ^
5. If your project is located in any of North Carolina's twenty coastal counties (listed on page
4), and the project is within a North Carolina Division of Coastal Management Area of
Environmental Concern (see the top of page 2 for further details c eck here: ^
II. Applicant Information
~~~r~~~
[~ p
Awl 2 3 ~OAl
Owner/Applicant Information
Name: Wayne McMillan =~Wt3T.F,~..Eirr
~.~t~R~~1 !~~
Mailing Address: 14925 Joe Brown Hwy ~ -
Murphy, NC 28906
Telephone Numbel-: 828-837-2786
E-mail Address:
2. Agent/Consultant Infol•lnation (A signed and dated copy of the Agent Authorization letter
must be attached if the Agent has signatory authority for the owner/applicant.)
Name: Michael Stiles
Company Affiliation:
Mailing Address: 225 Valley River Ave Suite J
Murphy NC 28906
Telephone Numbel-: 828-837-6417 ext 3 Fax Number:
E-mail Address: Michael.stiles@cherokeecount ~~ne,~ov
Fax Number:
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 5 of 13

III. Project Information
Attach a vicinity map clearly showing the location of the property with respect to local
landmarks such as towns, rivers, and roads. Also provide a detailed site plan showing property
boundaries and development plans in relation to surrounding properties. Both the vicinity map
and site plan must include a scale and north arrow. The specific footprints of all buildings,
impervious surfaces, or other facilities must be included. If possible, the maps and plans should
include the appl-opl-iate USGS Topographic Quad Map and NRCS Soil Survey with the property
boundaries outlined. Plan drawings, or other maps may be included at the applicant's discretion,
so long as the property is clearly defined. For administrative and distribution purposes, the
USACE requires information to be submitted on sheets no larger than 11 by 17-inch format;
however, DWQ may accept paperwork of any size. ~ DWQ prefers full-size construction
drawings rather than a sequential sheet version of the full-size plans. If full-size plans are
reduced to a shall scale such that the final version is illegible, the applicant will be informed that
the project has been placed on hold until decipherable maps are provided.
1. Name of project: Beaver Dam Stabilization-Wayne McMillan Property
2. T.LP. Project Number or State Project Number (NCDOT Only):
3. Property Identification Number (Tax PIN): 4 5 6 6 0 0 5 4 9 4 2 5 0 0 0
Location
County: Cherokee Nearest Town: Murphy, NC
Subdivision name (include phase/lot number):
Directions to site (include road numbers/names, landmarks, etc.): Take Joe Brown Hwy out
of Murphy 15 miles to Unaka Farm will be on the ri hg t as you cross the bride for Beaver
Dam Creek (See attached Vicinity Map)
4. Site coordinates (For linear projects, such as a road or utility line, attach a sheet that
separately lists the coordinates for each crossing of a distinct waterbody.)
Decimal Degrees (6 digits minimum): 35 11 36 °N 84 08 02 °W
5. Property size (acres): 5 acres
6. Name of nearest receiving body of water: Beaver Dam Creek Hiwassee Lake
7. River Basin: Hiwassee
(Note -this must be one of North Carolina's seventeen designated major river basins. The
River Basin map is available at http•//h2o enr.state.nc.us/admin/maps/.)
8. Describe the existing conditions on the site and general land use in the vicinity of the project
at the time of this application: Site is currently in agriculture for the production of hay.
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 6 of 13

Severe stream bank erosion is taking_place on site (See attached letter Subiect: "McMillan
Stream bank Re air" from Resource Conservationist Alan Walker.
9. Describe the overall project in detail, including the type of equipment to be used: See
attached letter and Stabilization Plan Equipment used will be 1 track hole excavator and 1
dozer.
10. Explain the purpose of the proposed work: Stabilize erodin¢ stream banks on Beaver Dam
Creek reduce over-all sedimentation and enhance aquatic habitats.
IV. Prior Project History
If jurisdictional determinations and/or permits have been requested and/or obtained for this
project (including all prior phases of the same subdivision) in the past, please explain. Include
the USACE Action ID Number, DWQ Project Number, application date, and date permits and
certifications were issued or withdrawn. Provide photocopies of previously issued permits,
certifications or other useful information. Describe previously approved wetland, stream and
buffer impacts, along with associated mitigation (where applicable). If this is a NCDOT project,
list and describe permits issued for prior segments of the same T.LP. project, along with
construction schedules. N/A
V. Future Project Plans
Are any future permit requests anticipated for this project? If so, describe the anticipated work,
and provide justification for the exclusion of this work from the current application.
N/A
VI. Proposed Impacts to Waters of the United States/Waters of the State
It is the applicant's (or agent's) responsibility to determine, delineate and map all impacts to
wetlands, open water-, and stream channels associated with the project. Each impact must be
listed separately in the tables below (e.g., culvert installation should be listed separately from
riprap dissipatel• pads). Be sure to indicate if an impact is temporary. All proposed impacts,
permanent and temporary, must be listed, and must be labeled and clearly identifiable on an
accompanying site plan. All wetlands and waters, and all streams (intermittent and perennial)
should be shown on a delineation map, whether or not impacts are proposed to these systems.
Wetland and stream evaluation and delineation forms should be included as appropriate.
Photographs lnay be included at the applicant's discretion. If this proposed impact is strictly for
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 7 of 13

wetland or stream mitigation, list and describe the impact in Section VIII below. If additional
space is needed for listing ol• description, please attach a separate sheet.
1. Provide a written description of the proposed impacts: Temporary impacts will result
from the construction and installation of rock vanes j-hook vanes and cross vanes. These
structures will im rove the overall condition of Beaver Dam Creek.
2. Individually list wetland impacts. Types of impacts include, but are not limited to
mechanized clearil~g, grading, fill, excavation, flooding, ditching/drainage, etc. For dams,
..,.. 1:.. ~~ ..rte .a„o to h.,th ctn,rfi,rP anf~ {~(l!1(11Y14

Wetland Impact
Site Number
(indicate on map)

Type of Impact T e of Wetland
yp
(e.g., forested, marsh,
herbaceous, bog, etc.) Located within
100-year
Floodplain
(es/no) Distance to
Nearest
Stream
(linear feet) Area of
Impact
(acres)

Total Wetland Impact (acres)
3. List the total acreage (estimated) of all existing wetlands on the property:
4. Individually list all intermittent and perennial stream impacts. Be sure to identify temporary
impacts. Stream impacts include, but are not limited to placement of fill or culverts, dam
construction, flooding, relocation, stabilization activities (e.g., cement walls, rip-rap, crib
walls, gabions, etc.), excavation, ditching/straightening, etc. If stream relocation is proposed,
plans and profiles showing the linear footprint for both the original and relocated streams
,~+ t,o :,,..t„rlo(1 T~ ,.~1.•,,latP arraaov mnltinly 1Pnath X width_ then divide bV 43.560.
Stream Impact

Number
(indicate on ma)

Stream Name

Type of Impact
Perennial or
Intermittent? Average

Stream Width
Before Im act Impact

Length
(linear feet) Area of

Impact
(acres)
1 Beaver Dam Creek Temporary Perennial 15-20ft SOOft .23

Total Stream Impact (by length and acreage) SOOft ,23
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 8 of 13

5. Individually list al] open water impacts (including lakes, ponds, estuaries, sounds, Atlantic
Ocean and any other water of the U.S.). Open water impacts include, but are not limited to
fill, excavation, dredging, floodin , draina e, bulkheads, etc.
Open Water Impact Type of Waterbody Area of
Name of Waterbody T e of Im act (lake, pond, estuary, sound, bay, Impact
Site Number (if applicable) yp p )
ocean, etc. (acres)
(indicate on map) _
Total Open Water Impact (acres)
6. List tl
___,_~._._ :...,.._.,,,E ~„ .,17 UCT~tarc of tha TT C ,-P.c„ltinu from the nroiect:
,~ ~,uuiu,a,i ~., .... u.,< <., -- -- ----
Stream Impact (acres):
.23
Wetland Impact (acres):
Open Water Impact (acres):
Total Im act to Waters of the U.S. (acres)
Total Stream Impact (linear feet): 500
7. Isolated Waters
Do any isolated waters exist on the property? ^ Yes ®No
Describe all impacts to isolated waters, and include the type of water (wetland or stream) and
the size of the proposed impact (acres or linear feet). Please note that this section only
applies to waters that have specifically been determined to be isolated by the USACE.
8. Pond Creation
If construction of a pond is proposed, associated wetland and stream impacts should be
included above in the wetland and stream impact sections. Also, the proposed pond should
be described here and illustrated on any maps included with this application.
Pond to be created in (check all that apply): ^ uplands ^ stream ^ wetlands
Describe the method of construction (e.g., dam embankment, excavation, installation of
draw-down valve ol- spillway, etc.):
Proposed use or purpose of pond (e.g., livestock watering, irrigation, aesthetic, trout pond,
local stonnwater requirement, etc.):
Current land use in the vicinity of the pond:
Size of watershed draining to pond: Expected pond surface area:
VII. Impact Justification (Avoidance and Minimization)
Specifically describe measures taken to avoid the proposed impacts. It may be useful to provide
information related to site constraints such as topography, building ordinances, accessibility, and
financial viability of the project. The applicant may attach drawings of alternative, lower-impact
site layouts, and explain why these design options were not feasible. Also discuss how impacts
were minimized once the desired site plan was developed. If applicable, discuss construction
techniques to be followed during construction to reduce impacts. Stream stabilization will only
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 9 of 13

be conducted in areas of active erosion Construction will be conducted during low flow events.
An rise or increase in flows will re uire that e ui ment exit the channel. Stream bank disturbed
via stabilization will be seeded and covered immediately according to vegetation plan.
Equipment used will be inspected dail~for leaks and will be parked immediately for repair if
leaks are found. Work will be scheduled to take lace durm a time that will not to interfere with
s awnin seasons.
VIII. Mitigation
DWQ - In accordance with 15A NCAC 2H .0500, mitigation may be required by the NC
Division of Water Quality for projects involving greater than or equal to one acre of impacts to
freshwater- wetlands or greater than or equal to 150 linear feet of total impacts to perennial
streams.
USACE - In accordance with the Final Notice of Issuance and Modification of Nationwide
Permits, published in the Federal Register on January 15, 2002, mitigation will be required when
necessary to ensure that adverse effects to the aquatic environment are minimal. Factors
including size and type of proposed impact and function and relative value of the impacted
aquatic resource will be considered in determining acceptability of appropriate and practicable
mitigation as proposed. Examples of mitigation that may be appropriate and practicable include,
but are not limited to: reducing the size of the project; establishing and maintaining wetland
and/or upland vegetated buffers to protect open waters such as streams; and replacing losses of
aquatic resource functions and values by creating, restoring, enhancing, or preserving similar
functions and values, preferable in the same watershed.
If mitigation is required for this project, a copy of the mitigation plan must be attached in order
for USACE or DWQ to consider the application complete for processing. Any application
lacking a required mitigation plan or NCEEP concurrence shall be placed on hold as incomplete.
An applicant may also choose to review the current guidelines for stream restoration in DWQ's
Draft Technical Guide for Stream Work in North Carolina (see DWQ website for most current
version.).
1. Provide a brief description of the proposed mitigation plan. The description should provide
as much information as possible, including, but not limited to: site location (attach directions
and/or map, if offsite), affected stream and river basin, type and amount (acreage/linear feet)
of mitigation proposed (restoration, enhancement, creation, or preservation), a plan view,
preservation mechanism (e.g., deed restrictions, conservation easement, etc.), and a
description of the current site conditions and proposed method of construction. Please attach
a separate sheet if more space is needed.
N/A
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 10 of 13

2. Mitigation may also be made by payment into the North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement
Program (NCEEP). Please note it is the applicant's responsibility to contact the NCEEP at
[phone] to determine availability, and written approval from the NCEEP indicating
that they al-e will to accept payment for the mitigation must be attached to this form. For
additional information regarding the application process for the NCEEP, check the NCEEP
website at http://www nceeRnet/~a~es/inlieureplace.htln. If use of the NCEEP is proposed,
please check the appropriate box on page five and provide the following information:
Amount of stream mitigation requested (linear feet): N/A
Amount of buffer mitigation requested (square feet): N/A
Amount of Riparian wetland mitigation requested (acres): N/A
Amount of Non-riparian wetland mitigation requested (acres): N/A
Amount of Coastal wetland mitigation requested (acres): N/A
IX. Environmental Documentation (required by DWQ)
1. Does the project involve an expenditure of public (federal/state/local) funds or the use of
public (federal/state) land? Yes ® No ^
2. If yes, does the project require preparation of an environmental document pursuant to the
requirements of the National or North Carolina Environmental Policy Act (NEPA/SEPA)?
Note: If you are not sure whether a NEPA/SEPA document is required, call the SEPA
coordinator at [phone] to review current thresholds for environmental documentation.
Yes ^ No
3. If yes, has the document review been finalized by the State Clearinghouse? If so, please
attach a copy of the NEPA or SEPA final approval letter. Yes ^ No ^
X. Proposed Impacts on Riparian and Watershed Buffers (required by DWQ)
It is the applicant's (or agent's) responsibility to determine, delineate and map all impacts to
required state and local buffers associated with the project. The applicant must also provide
justification for these impacts in Section VII above. All proposed impacts must be listed herein,
and must be clearly identifiable on the accompanying site plan. All buffers must be shown on a
map, whether or not impacts are proposed to the buffers. Correspondence from the DWQ
Regional Office lnay be included as appropriate. Photographs may also be included at the
applicant's discretion..
1. Will the project impact protected riparian buffers identified within 15A NCAC 2B .0233
(Neuse), 15A NCAC 2B .0259 (Tar-Pamlico), 15A NCAC 02B .0243 (Catawba) 15A NCAC
2B .0250 (Randleman Rules and Water Supply Buffer Requirements), or other (please
identify )? Yes ^ No
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 11 of 13

2. If "yes", identify the square feet and acreage of impact to each zone of the riparian buffers.
If buffel- mitigation is 1equired calculate the required amount of mitigation by applying the
buffer multiUliers.
Zone* Impact
(s uare feet) Multiplier Required
Miti ation
] 3 (2 for Catawba)
2 1.5
Total
* Zone 1 extends out 30 feet perpendicular from the top of the near bank of channel; Zone 2 extends an
additional 20 feet from the edge of Zone 1.
3. If buffel• mitigation is required, please discuss what type of mitigation is proposed (i.e.,
Donation of Property, Riparian Buffer Restoration /Enhancement, or Payment into the
Riparian Buffer Restoration Fund). Please attach all appropriate information as identified
within l 5A NCAC 2B .0242 or .0244, or .0260. N/A
XI. Stormwater (required by DWQ)
Describe impervious acreage (existing and proposed) versus total acreage on the site. Discuss stormwater
controls proposed in order to protect surface waters and wetlands downstream from the property. If
percent impervious surface exceeds 20%, please provide calculations demonstrating total proposed
impervious level. No impervious acreage is located on site. Joe Brown Hwv borders the down stream
edge of the ~royerty but no storm water from the Highway enters onto this site. Storm water controls
will include the application of coir fiber (excelsior) matting seeding and planting along all cloves and/or
disturbed areas.
XII. Sewage Disposal (required by DWQ)
Clearly detail the ultimate treatment methods and disposition (non-discharge or discharge) of
wastewater generated fl-om the proposed project, or available capacity of the subject facility.
XIII. Violations (required by DWQ)
Is this site in violation of DWQ Wetland Rules (15A NCAC 2H .0500) or any Buffer Rules?
Yes ^ No
Is this an after-the-fact pel•lnit application? Yes ^ No
XIV. Cumulative Impacts (required by DWQ)
Will this pl•oject (based on past and reasonably anticipated future impacts) result in additional
development, which could impact nearby downstream water quality? Yes ^ No ^
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 12 of 13

If yes, please submit a qualitative or quantitative cumulative impact analysis in accordance with
the most recent Nol-tl~ Cal-olina Division of Water Quality policy posted on our website at
http•//h2o enr State.nc.us/llcwetlands. If no, please provide a short narrative description:
XV. Other Circumstances (Optional):
It is the applicant's responsibility to submit the application sufficiently in advance of desired
construction dates to allow processing time for these permits. However, an applicant may
choose to list constraints associated with construction or sequencing that may impose limits on
work schedules (e.g., draw-down schedules for lakes, dates associated with Endangered and
Threatened Species, accessibility problems, or other issues outside of the applicant's control).

Applicant/Agent's Signature Date
(Agent's signature is valid only if an authorization letter from the applicant is provided.)
Updated 11/1/2005
Page 13 of 13

CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION
INSTREAM STRUCTURES CONSTRUCTED OF ROCK
1) SCOPE
This specification covers the installation of Rock Vanes, J-Hooks, and Cross Vanes at locations
as shown on the construction plans and as directed by the engineer.
2) PURPOSE
Redirect erosive velocities away from streambanks
Provide aquatic habitat
Cross Vanes maybe used for grade control
3) DEFINITIONS
ROCK VANE - A deflective structure installed pointing upstream, beginning at bankfull sloping
down to the streambed. The angle at which the vane points upstream from the
bank shall be 20-30 degrees. The slope of the top surface of the vane will be 5-7
percent. The vane should extend frorri the bank to approximately ~/3 of channel
width. (See fig. 1)
7-HOOK - A rock vane with a hooked portion on the streambed. The hook provides
additional habitat. (See fig. 2)
CROSS VANE - A rock vane from both sides of the stream with a connecting bar on the
streambed. If this structure is used for grade control, the existing streambed
elevation maybe increased by no more than 10 percent of bankfull, unless a
greater increase is provided for in the approved design. (See fig. 3)
ENGINEER - The USDA-MRCS and/or SWCD person(s) who have appropriate construction
approval authority for Practice Standard 580, Streambank and Shoreline
Protection for the specific size and type of structure.
STREAMBANK - portions of intermittent or perennial streambanks which are eroding at an
accelerated rate due to the effects of stream flow near banks without adequate
vegetative cover and supporting riparian area. '
BANKFULL - The stream flo~~~ level at which the stream channel is formed and maintained.
THALVJEG -
The term "bankfull" should not be confused with "the top of the bank". Persons
who have received training in Natural Stream Channel evaluation shall identify
the bankfull elevation.
The deepest part of the channel where the highest channel velocities occur.
USDA-nxCS page 1 of 5 Rock Structures
North Carolina August 1999

4) PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS
This practice should be applied as a part of a total Natural Stream Channel Restoration design.
These structures are not intended to be a total solution to the streambank erosion problem in
themselves. They are to be used as a component of a total streambazllc management plan, which
may require a number of associated practices. In some cases modification of the stream
dimension, pattern and prof le may be required before structures are installed. The use of rock
structures without considering the stable dimension, pattern, and prof le of the stream will most
likely result in failure.
5) PERMITTING
No work, which is covered by this specification, shall. be performed until the Army Corp of
Engineers has issued a Section 404 pernlit and the Division of Water Quality has issued a
Section 401 certification (if required). The final construction plans and specifications must be
prepared and approved prior to the beginning of construction.
6) EQUIPMENT
• A hydraulic excavator (trackhoe) with a hydraulic "thumb" shall be used to handle and install
the rocks
• Ali required safety equipment shall be available during construction. Safety equipment
includes but is not limited to hard hats, gloves, and eye and hearing protection.
'l~ SUPERVISION
The engineer must be on-site to supervise and inspec# each operation as it is performed. No
work, which is covered by this specification, shall be performed in the absence of the engineer
except as approved by the engineer. The work shall be conducted as directed by the engineer.
The engineer shall be notified a minimum of 24 hours before installation is performed.
S) INSTALLATION
• The engineer shall place a marker at the point where the last rock of the structure will meet
the streambed. This marker shall be set at a point, which represents the planned angle from
bankfizll and the planned slope of the structure. The engineer should check to see if this point
is approximately ~/3 of the total channel width.
• Holes for footer rocks shall be excavated in the streambed at the location, elevation and
orientation as directed by the engineer.
• A footer rock of the size and shape as directed by the engineer shall be installed in the hole.
Multiple footer rocks may be required, at the discretion of the engineer or as provided for in
the approved plan.
• A structure rock of the size and shape as directed by the engineer shall be installed on top of
the footer rock.
tTcnA-?~"? CS
page 2 of~ Rock Structures
North Carolina August i 999

e. Provide all equipment, tools, materials and labor required to install 1 Cross Vane(s) which
will require approximately 60 rocks.
f. Provide all equipment, tools, materials and labor required to seed all disturbed areas, which
will be approximately 1.0 acres.
g. Provide all equipment, tools, materials and labor required to establish permanent woody vegetation. The woody
vegetation shall consist of: See Attached
number 5nrries
nu-rn eTr spenes
number species
Angle
(in degrees)
Slope
(in percent)
Rock Vane
Cross Section
;lc Vane
n View
Figure 1
(after Rosgen)
h. Remove all construction debris associated with installation of these structures to an approved
location.
USLA-'iynC S
North Carolina
page 4 of 5 Rock Structures
August i 999

AngJ e
degrees)
Slope
(5°i~)
----
J Hook
Cross Section
ok
Jie«~
Figure 2
(after Rosgen)
Slope
{5 percent)
Cross Vane
Cross Section
Figure 3
(after Rosgen)
US17A-MRCS page 5 of 5 Rock Structures
North Carolina August 1999

Seeding and Planting Guidelines
03/22/07
Native Riparian Seed Mia for 'Western North Carolina
Common Name

Sensitive Fern
Arrowhead
Joe P e Weed
Pickerelweed
Swamp Milkweed Botanical Name

Onoclea sensibillis
Sa ittaria latifolia
Eu atorium fistulosa
Pontederia cordate
Asciepias incarnate Type

1
2
2
2
2 Indicator

FACW
OBL
FACW
OBL
OBL % of
Mix
5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2
5 Lbs.
Ea.
0.5
0.25
0.25
0.25
0
25
W . .
ater Plantain Alisma subcordatum 2 OBL 2.5 0
25
Green Bulrush
Ho Sed e
Ri Scir us atrovirens
Carex lu ilina 3
3 OBL
OBL 5
5 .
0.5
0.5
ce Cut Grass
Soft Rush Leersia o zoides
Juncus effusus 3
3 OgL
FACW+ 10
2
5 ~
0
25
Three Square
Bulrush Scirpus americanus 3 FACW+ .
2.5 .
0.25
V
Wil
a.
d R e Elymus vir inicus 3 FACW- 10 1
Wool rass
B
tt
B Scir us c emus 3 FACW '10 1
u
on
ush
Eld
b Ce halanthus occidentalis 4 OBL 7.5 0.75
er
er
R
d Ch Sambucus canadensis 5 FACW- 5 0.5
e
okeber
Silk D Aronia arbutifolia 5 FACW 2.5 0.25
o wood
S
i
b
h Corpus amomum 5 FACW 5 0.5
p
ce
us
Wi
t
b Lindera benzoin 5 FACW- 2.5 0.25
n
er
er
Bl
k G Ilex verticillata 5 FACW+ 2.5 0.25
ac
um
G N ssa s Ivatica 6 1=AC 2.5 0.25
reen Ash
R
d M Fraxinus apps Ivanica 6 FACW 2.5 0.25
e
a le
Sil Acer rubrum 6 FAC 2,5 0.25
ver Maple Acer saccharium 6 FACU 2.5 0.25
Plant Type 1 -Fern or fern allies 2 - Em, float, or weti herb 3 -Grass, sedge, or rush 4 -Small Shrub
5 -Large Shrub 6 -Tree
b

` Seeding and Planting Guidelines
Riparian Seeding al~d Planting Guidelines
03/22/07
These guidelines will provide the methods to be used for reestablishing riparian vegetation. They include
seedbed preparation, nutrient el~llancement, temporary seeding, permanent seeding, and erosion control.
Methodology for planting sod mats, live stakes, and trees is presented.
Herbaceous Vegetation
1. Sod mats
Prior to sloping stream banks within work area, the sod on these banks should be removed. Mats
should be deep enough to contain a majority of the roots. These mats should be stockpiled for later
use. After banks are sloped the mats should be placed from the bankfull elevation down to the
normal water line or onto the interberm feature. Mats should be laid as close to one another as
possible and pushed into the under laying soil. Openings between mats should be filled with soil
and seeded with temporary seed mix. Mats should be fertilized at a rate of 25 lbs. per 1000 sq. ft.
and watered using a pump or by dipping water out of the creek with a clean track-hoe bucket
2. Seed
a. Seedbed Preparation
On sites where equipment can be operated safely the seedbed shall be adequately loosened
and smoothed. This may require disking and dragging. On sites where equipment cannot
operate safely, the seedbed shall be prepared by hand scarifying to provide a roughened
surface so that seed will stay in place. if seeding is done immediately following
construction, seedbed preparation maybe required only on areas where heavy equipment
has caused compaction of the ground.
b. Fertilizing
Care should be exercised to prevent the application of fertilizer into the stream. Evenly
distribute lime and fertilizer over the area to be seeded using a tractor mounted fertilizer
spreader or with a hand held fertilizer spreader. Uniformly mix lime and fertilizer into the
top 3 inches of the soil using a drag or hand rake. Where surface materials are
predominately gravel and/or cobble, no incorporation is required. Apply lime and fertilizer
according to soil test or at the following rates.
Per 1000 sq. ft. Per Acre
Lime 100 lbs. 2 ton
18-46-00 Fertilizer* 12 lbs. 500 lbs.
*(half of fertilizer will be applied in fail at planting and other half in spring)

Seeding and Planting Guidelines
c. Seeding:
1. Ten~porazy seeding
03/22/07
Use where needed for erosiozl control, when permanent vegetation cazuzot be
established due to planting season and where tezmpoz-ary ground cover is needed to
allow native or woody vegetation to become established. Apply the following
vegetation at the listed rates.
Fall -Winter - Springy Per 1 000 Sq Ft Per Acre
Barley (fall before Oct 15) 31bs 2-3 bu
Japanese Millet % lb 20 lbs
Oats (before Oct 1 or spring) 21bs 3 bu
Rye grain 31bs 2-3 bu
Winter Wheat (after Oct 1) 1 lb 40 ibs
Oats plus 1 lb 1 % bu
Korean Lespedeza %2 Ib 20 lbs
Summer Per 1 000 Sq Ft Per Acre

Browntop Millet 1 lb 30-40 lbs
Sudangrass 1 lb 35-45 lbs
2. Permanent Seeding
Use in combination with woody plantings on the all disturbed areas down to tl~e
bankfull elevation. This mixture can be planted at any time but will do best in
spring or late fall. Spring planted seed should be treated with a cold wet chill
process to maximize germination. Fall plantings should be planted with a lightly
sown cool season annual to hold soil and does not need to be chilled. Seeding
should be done evenly over the area using a mechanical or hand seeder. A drag
should be used to cover the seed with no more than '/s inch of soil. Where a drag
can not safely be utilized the seed should be covered by hand raking. To improve
wildlife habitat existing stands of fescue can be killed using an appropriate
herbicide and waz~n season grasses can be no-till planted into~the sod. Oznit
fertilizer when establishing native grasses, fertilizer can be applied the second year
to improve the stand. The following seeding options are listed in the order of
preference, with the Native Riparian Seed Mix being the most desirable and the
cool season grass the least desirable.
2

Seeding and Planting Guidelines 03/22/07
Native Riparian Seed Mix for 'Western North Carolina (see list at end of this
document)
Mixture
Per 1000 sQ fl. Per Acre
5 Ib. 10 lbs.
Native vc~arm season grasses {to prevent excessive competition from existing
species, plant only in areas which have been excavated and/or substantially
reshaped) -PLS =pure live seed
Per 1000 sq. ft. Per Acre
Big Bluestem 0.2 lbs. PLS 5 lbs. PLS
Little Bluestem 0.2 lbs. PLS 5 lbs. PLS
Broomsedge Bluestem 0.21bs. PLS 5 lbs. PLS
Eastern Gamma Grass 0.5 1b. PLS 10 lbs. PLS
Kanlow Switchgrass 0.5 lb, PLS 10 lbs. PLS
Alamo Switchgrass 0.5 lb, PLS 10 lbs. PLS
Cool season grass
Tall Fescue
1 lb.
50 lbs.
Mulching
Mulching should be performed within 48 hours of seeding. Grain straw mulch should be applied on seeded
areas at a rate of 3 bales per 1000 square feet or 1.5 tons per acre. Apply mulch uniformly. Anchor mulch
with a mulch crimper, asphalt tackifier or appropriate mulch netting.
Woody Vegetation
i. Live stakes ~unrooted material
Live stake material should be dormant and gathered locally or purchased from a reputable
commercial supplier. Stakes should be %i to 3 inches in diameter and living based on the presence
of young buds and green bark. Stakes should be kept cool and moist to improve survival and to
maintain dormancy. Stakes should be driven into the ground using a rubber harruner or by creating
a hole and slipping the stake into it. The ground around the stake should be finned against the
stake after planting. Stakes should be placed so that 75% of the stake is below the ground and 2 or
3 buds are above ground. Stakes should be planted on 2 - 3 foot spacing and at a density of 160 -
360 stakes per 1000 sq. ft.
2. Bare rooted
Planting should be done during winter and early spring. Do not let roots freeze or dry out prior to
planting. Material may be planted using a hoedad or a dibble bar (see diagram below). Planting
slits for bare rooted material should be 6-8 inches in dia~~seter and s hould be at least 8-12 inches
deep. Damaged roots should be trimmed. Plants should be placed with the root collar slightly
3

Seeding and Planting Guidelines
03/22/07
below the soil surface. Holes and slits should be closed completely, including and especially a1 the
bottom of the hole.
Guidelines for Planting here-Root Plants
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Potted stock
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Planting maybe done at any time, provided adequate moisture is available. Container or potted
stock shall be kept moist at all times. Planting maybe done mechanically or by hand using a
shovel. The planting trench or hole must be deep enough and wide enough to permit roots to spread
out and down without J-rooting. Potted stock should be planted in a hole 2-3 times the diameter of
the root ball and at the same depth as the root ball. When setting plants, be certain to plant them
high. Locate the root ball on solid soil and not loose backfill. Wire baskets do not need to be
completely removed from large field grown trees. Be sure to remove plastic liners or synthetic
burlap materials.
On-Site Transplanted stock
Desirable trees and shrubs on the construction site should be dug and stored. These plants should
be stored in a cool moist environment or heeled in. Most shrubs are easy to transplant, especially if
under 2 feet tall. Dig plants early in the spring before new growth has started and ideally after a rain
when the soil is soaked. Most dense roots will be within 8-12 inches of the surface, so a wide hole
is more important than a deep one. A bushel basket may be used to hold larger specimens, while
small plants may fit into 1 gallon milk containers. The better you treat the transplant, the more
successful it will be. Here are some general tips:
a. Cut back the stems of all transplants about 1/3 of their original length to compensate for loss
of root mass.
b. Protect entire plant from direct sunlight and excessive wind.
c. Try to keep all roots intact with as much soil in place as possible. Prune all damaged roots
and branches.
d. Keep transplants moist, but not soaking ~+et, at all times. Soil should be wet enough to hold
together.

a
Seeding and Planting Guidelines 03/22/07
e. Tall transplants of alder, willow and other species benef t by being pruned back to 1-2 feet.
The larger the root ball and the more you can crater the plant, the less you 1.7eed to cut it.
back.
f. Plant in a suitable location (conunon elder from a wet area should not be placed in a dry
windbreak).
g. Place transplants into the ground at the same depth as they were originally growing.
h. Prepare transplants by root pruning, if possible, the year-before moving them. Select plants
less than 5 feet tall. To roof prune, place a shovel perpendicularly into the ground
approximately 1 foot deep, slightly outside the drip line of the tree or shrub. Skip a shovel
width, cut again and continue working in a circle around the plant. Root pruning causes
roots to grow closer to the center of the plant and. increases the success of the transplanting
efforti.
5. For ALL rooted stock
The following guidelines should be used for spacing rooted woody vegetation.
Type spacing # per 1000 sg. ft.
Shrubs, less than 10 ft. in height 3 - 6 ft. 27 - 111
Shrubs and Trees, 10 -25 ft. in height 6 - 8 ft. 15 - 27
Trees__greater than 25 ft in height 8 -15 ft 4 - 15
Construct an earthen dam 4-6 inches high around the drip zone area of the plant after planting. This
will allow for self watering and runoff will be minimized. Stock should be watered thoroughly at
transplant time. Mulch transplants after planting, using straw, wood chips, bark or leaves. Note -
do not use old hay to mulch transplants, unless cool season grass is used as the herbaceous plant
material. Old hay will likely contain seeds of species which would cause undesirable competition
with native species. A shield made from a small piece of geo-textile fabric filter cloth or similar
material may be placed around the stem{s) of newly planted woody vegetation to reduce
competition from the herbaceous vegetation. Make as small an opening in the shield as possible to
place it over/around the plant. Anchor the edges of the shield with the soil used to form the earthen
dam and/or with appropriate stakes and/or staples.
Erosion Control
These are the MI]~tIMLTM acceptable measures, they are required on ALL projects, some more complex
projects may require a separate Erosion Control Plan {ECP). if a separate ECP is included for your project,
any conflicts between the following statements and the ECP, the ECP will take precedence. '
All areas disturbed by stream stabilizatioz~lrestoration activities {including any "haul roads",
equipment/materials staging areas, etc.) shall be seeded, areas beyond the agreed io buffer width maybe
seeded with cool season grasses. Ai1y disturbed areas between "bankfull" and the normal water level may
be protected by the installation of erosion control blankets or matting {as approved and directed by the
project engineer). Any disturbed areas between the normal water level and the bottom of the channel may
be protected by the installation of coir logs or other means {as approved and directed by the project
engineer). Silt fence may be required by the project engineer, if so, the silt fence shall be installed
according to the provided specii~cations at the location specified by the project eiigiiieer, (usually at
"b ankfull").
5

Copyright (C) 1997, Maptech, Inc

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