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20110196 Ver 1_Application_20110228
10 ?j s.swr>? STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION BEVERLY PURDUE P. O. Box 25201, Raleigh, NC 27611-5202 GovERNoR PHONE: 919-733-2520 v ?j q0 4e FF6 " ,? - 2 'S,'n EU6i?ANTI, JR. SECT Y February 18, 2011 Mr. Monte Matthews U. S. Army Corps of Engineers Raleigh Regulatory Field Office 3331 Heritage Trade Drive, Suite 105 J' 19 6 Wake Forest, NC 27587 - Subject: Nationwide Permit #14 Replace Bridge #16 on SR 1166 with Culvert Avery County, North Carolina Project Number: 42568.1.1 (BK-5117) (DWQ Permit Fee: $570) Dear Mr. Matthews: The North Carolina Department of Transportation is scheduled to replace Bridge #16 with a double barreled box culvert on a new location. The existing bridge is a two span structure approximately 30 feet long by 18 feet wide and crosses Horse Creek near the intersection of SR 1166 and US 19E. The new culvert will cross Little Horse Creek, a few hundred feet north of the existing bridge location. Moving the new stream crossing to this location will substantially improve the alignment of the intersection of SR 1166, SR 1157 and US 19E. It will also eliminate a scour problem along US 19E at the proposed culvert location. Once the old bridge is removed, the streambanks will be sloped to 2:1 with seeding, coir fiber matting and live stakes. An on-site detour is proposed (see attached plans). The temporary detour will impact 0.04 acres of wetlands. Once the detour is removed, the disturbed wetland area will be seeded with a wetland seed mix and replanted with appropriate woody species. Stream impacts are tabulated below. Stream Impacts: Stat?on ';° Esstmg R ` Proposed Temporary Riprap Total Impacts at r ..Number < = Struct re Size`- z '_ CuWert Size = 'Dewaterin Im acts` feet ' ;this'Station' ft: 2 @ 12'x Tx 65' i3+50 None RCBC .80 85 230 Perm. Fill/Riprap Impacts = 150 feet Total Project Impacts = 230 feet P. O. Box 250, N. WicxsSBORo,NC 28659 PHONE (336)667-9111 F.ax (336)6674549 1, Mr. Monte Matthews Bridge #16 on SR 1166, Avery Page 2 February 18, 2011 • Note in the plan sheets that five sills have been added to both barrels to aid in the retention of natural stream material. Natural stream material will be harvested from the abated channel and placed inside the proposed base flow barrel before the top is placed on the culvert. Construction of the new culvert will require temporary dewatering. Flow will be diverted with .. non-earthen dikes as needed so that one barrel may be completed. Water can then be diverted into that barrel while the second barrel is constructed. We would .prefer to give our contractor some leeway on the sequencing of this activity. Floodplains will be constructed in front of the westem barrel with seeding, coir fiber matting and live stakes. Once the new structure is in place, the impervious dikes will be removed and preconstruction streambed elevations will be restored. t,'onstruction of this project will require impacts to waters of the United States in the French Broad River Basin. The existing bridge crosses Horse Creek (Class: WS-V, Trout). The proposed culvert will be located in Little Horse Creek (Class: WS-V, Trout). This project was reviewed for the presence of threatened and endangered species in February of 2011. The subject project will have no effect on any federally listed endangered plant or animal species. Historic compliance work has been conducted and no issues were identified. The project impacts are not significant in nature and should not alter the best usage for this stream. All appropriate BMPs will be used during construction. Attached is a Preconstruction Notification Form, plan sheets, a marked county map and a marked topography map. By copy of this letter, it is requested that Marla Chambers, with the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission comment directly to you concerning the 404 Nationwide Permit application with a copy sent to me. We will be requesting a variance for land disturbing activities within the 25-foot trout buffer zone from stations 11+25 - 14+15 on the L-line and from 12+80 - 14+22 on the detour (432 feet total). By copy of this letter, I am forwarding five (5) copies of this application package to Brian Wrenn, NCDENR, Division of Water Quality, 401/Wetlands Unit, for his review. It is requested that any comments related to the 401 certification be forwarded directly to me with a copy sent to the US Army Corps of Engineers. We would like to begin construction as soon as possible. If further information is required, please let me know. Your early review and consideration will be appreciated. Sincerely, Heath Slaughter Division Environmental Officer Mr. Monte Matthews Bridge #16 on SR 1166, Avery Page 3 February 18, 2011 Enclosures cc: Monte Matthews, US Army Corps of Engineers (1 additional copy) Marla Chambers, NCWRC Brian Wrenn, Division of Water Quality (5 copies) Mike Parker, Division of Water Quality.. Marella Buncick, USFWS Mike Pettyjohn, PE, Division Engineer Ivan Dishman, PE, Division Bridge Project Manager Heath Slaughter, Division Environmental Officer Scott Pipes, Roadside Environmental Field Operations Technician 020E WA7'agq o?? Office Use Only: Corps action ID no. DWQ project no. Form Version 1.3 Dec 10 2008 Pre-Construction Notification PCN Form A. Applicant Information 1. Processing 1a . Type(s) of approval sought from the Corps: 1 Section 404 Permit El Section 10 Permit I 1b. Specify Nationwide Permit (NWP) number: 14 or General Permit (GP) number: 1c. Has the NWP or GP number been verified by the Corps? ? Yes ® No 1d. Type(s) of approval sought from the DWQ (check all that apply): ® 401 Water Quality Certification - Regular ? Non-404 Jurisdictional General Permit ? 401 Water Quality Certification - Express ? Riparian Buffer Authorization le. Is this notification solely for the record because written approval is not required? For the record only for DWQ 401 Certification: ? Yes ®No For the record only for Corps Permit: ? Yes ® No If. Is payment into a mitigation bank or in-lieu fee program proposed for mitigation of impacts? If so, attach the acceptance letter from mitigation bank or in-lieu fee program. ® Yes ? No I g. Is the project located in any of NC's twenty coastal counties. If yes, answer 1 In below. ? Yes ® No 1h. Is the project located within a NC DCM Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)? ? Yes ®No 2. Project Information 2a. Name of project: Bridge #16 2b. County: Avery 2c. Nearest municipality / town: Minneapolis 2d. Subdivision name: 2e. MOOT only, T.I.P. or state project no: 42568.1.1 (BK-5117) 3. Owner Information 3a. Name(s) on Recorded Deed: NCDOT 3b. Deed Book and Page No. 3c. Responsible Party (for LLC if applicable): 3d. Street address: 801 Statesville Road 3e. City, state, zip: North Wilkesborc, NC 28659 3f. Telephone no.: 336-903-9202 3g. Fax no.: 336-667-4549 3h. Email address: hslaughter@ncdot.gov Page I of 10 PCN Form - Version 1.3 December 16, 2008 Version 4. Applicant Information (if different from owner) 4a. Applicant is: ? Agent ? Other, specify: 4b. Name: 4c. Business name (if applicable): 4d. Street address: 4e. City, state, zip: 4f. Telephone no.: 4g. Fax no.: 4h. Email address: 5. Agent/Consultant Information (if applicable) 5a. Name: 5b. Business name (if applicable): - 5c. Street address: 5d. City, state, zip: 5e. Telephone no.: 5f. Fax no.: 5g. Email address: Page 2 of 10 PCN Form - Version 1.3 December 10. 2008 Version 3 B. Project Information and Prior Project History 1. Property Identification 1 a. Property identification no. (tax PIN or parcel ID): 1b. Site coordinates (in decimal degrees): Latitude: 36.10247 Longitude: - 81.98635 (DD.DODDDD) (-DD.DDDDDD) 1c. Property size: 1 acres 2. Surface Waters 2a. Name of nearest body of water (stream, river, etc.) to proposed project: Little Horse Creek 2b. Water Quality Classification of nearest receiving water: WS-V; Trout 2c. River basin: French Broad 3. Project Description 3a. Describe the existing conditions on the site and the general land use in the vicinity of the project at the time of this application: Substandard bridge replacement in the town of Minneapolis 3b. List the total estimated acreage of all existing wetlands on the property: 0.5 acres 3c. List the total estimated linear feet of all existing streams (intermittent and perennial) on the property: - 450 linear feet 3d. Explain the purpose of the proposed project: Upgrade substandard bridge 3e. Describe the overall project in detail, including the type of equipment to be used: See attached cover ietter. 4. Jurisdictional Determinations 4a. Have jurisdictional wetland or stream determinations by the Corps or State been requested or obtained for this properly / project (including all prior phases) in the past? Comments: ® Yes ? No ? Unknown 4b. If the Corps made the jurisdictional determination, what type of determination was made? ®Preliminary El Final 4c. If yes, who delineated the jurisdictional areas? Name (if known): Heath Slaughter & Monte Matthews Agency/ConsuRant Company: USACE Other: 4d. If yes, list the dates of the Corps jurisdictional determinations or State determinations and attach documentation. 5. Project History 5a. Have permits or certifications been requested or obtained for this project (including all prior phases) in the past? ? Yes ®No ? Unknown 5b. If yes, explain in detail according to "help file" instructions. i 6. Future Project Plans 6a. Is this a phased project? ? Yes No 6b. If yes, explain. Page 3 of 10 PCN Form - Version 1.3 December 10, 2008 Version l? C. Proposed Impacts Inventory 1. Impacts Summary 1 a. Which sections were completed below for your project (check all that apply): ® Wetlands ® Streams - tributaries ? Buffers ? Open Waters ? Pond Construction 2. Wetland Impacts If there are wetland impacts proposed on the site, then complete this question for each wetland area impacted. 2a. 2b. 2c. 2d. 2e. 2f. Wetland impact Type of jurisdiction number - Type of impact Type of wetland Forested (Corps - 404, 10 Area of impact Permanent (P) or (if known) DWQ - non-404, other) (acres) Temporary Wt ? P ®T Temp. Detour Fill BHF ® Yes ? No ® Corps ® DWQ 0.04 W2 ? P ? T _ ? Yes ? Corps ? No ? DWQ W3 ? P ? T ? Yes ? Corps ? No ? DWQ W4 ? P ? T ? Yes ? Corps ? No ? DWQ W5 ? P ? T ? Yes ? Corps ? No ? DWQ W6 ? P ? T ? Yes ? Corps ? No ? DWQ 2g. Total wetland impacts 2h. Comments: Wetland fill impacts are temporary. Area will be restored after the detour is removed. 3. Stream Impacts If there are perennial or intermittent stream impacts (including temporary impacts) proposed on the site, then complete this question for all stream sites impacted. 3a. 3b. 3c. 3d. 3e. 3f. 3g. Stream impact Type of impact Stream name Perennial Type of jurisdiction Average Impact number - (PER) or (Corps - 404, 10 stream length Permanent (P) or intermittent DWQ - non-404, width (linear Temporary (T) (INT)? other) (feet) feet) S1 ®P ®T Culvert, Riprap & Dewatering Little Horse Creek ® PER ? INT ® Corps ® DWQ 11 230 S2 ? P ? T ? PER ? Corps ? INT ? DWQ S3 ? P ? T ? PER ? Corps ? INT ? DWQ S4 ? P ? T ? PER ? Corps ? INT ? DWQ S5 ? P ? T ? PER ? Corps ? INT ? DWQ S6 ? P ? T ? PER ? Corps ? INT ? DWQ 3h. Total stream and tributary impacts 230 3i. Comments: 80 linear feet of the impacts are temporary Page 4 of 10 PCN Form - Version 1.3 December 10, 2008 Version 4. Open Water Impacts If there are proposed impacts to lakes, ponds, estuaries, tributaries, sounds, the Atlantic Ocean, or any other open water of the U.S. then individually list all open water impacts below. 4a. 4b. 4c. 4d. 4e. Open water Name of waterbody impact number - (if applicable) Type of impact Waterbody type Area of impact (acres) Permanent (P) or Temporary 01 ?P?T 02 ?P?T 03 ?P?T 04 ?P?T 4f. Total open water impacts 4g. Comments: 5. Pond or Lake Construction - If and or lake construction proposed, then complete the charl;)elow. 5a. 5b. 5c. 5d. 5e. / Wetland Impacts (acres) Stream Impacts (feet) Upland Pond ID Proposed use or purpose (acres) number of pond Flooded Filled Excavated Flooded Filled Excavated Flooded P1 P2 5f. Total 5g. Comments: N/A 5h. Is a dam high hazard permit required? ? Yes ®No If yes, permit ID no: 5i. Expected pond surface area (acres): 5j. Size of pond watershed (acres): 5k. Method of construction: 6. Buffer Impacts (for DWQ) If project will impact a protected riparian buffer, then complete the chart below. If yes, then individually list all buffer impacts below. If an impacts require mitigation, then you MUST fill out. Section D of this form. 6a. ? Neuse ?Tar-Pamlico ? Other: Project is in which protected basin? ? Catawba ? Randleman 6b. 6c. 6d. 6e. 6f. 6g. Buffer impact number - Reason Buffer Zone 1 impact Zone 2 impact Permanent (P) or for Stream name mitigation (square feet) (square feet) Temporary impact required? BI P?T ?Yes ? No - B2 ?P?T ?Yes ? No B3?P?T ?,es ? No 61L Total buffer impacts 6i. Comments: Page 5 of 10 PCN Form - Version 1.3 December 10, 2008 Version D. Impact Justification and Mitigation 1. Avoidance and Minimization 1a. Specifically describe measures taken to avoid or minimize the proposed impacts in designing project. The culvert length is the minimum needed to improve safety at this location. Proximity of US 19E makes a bridge impractical. 1b. Specifically describe measures taken to avoid or minimize the proposed impacts through construction techniques. All appropriate BMPs will be used during construction 2. Compensatory Mitigation for Impacts to Waters of the U.S. or Waters of the State 2a. Does the project require Compensatory Mitgaton for impacts to Waters of the U.S. or Waters of the State? ® Yes ? No 2b. If yes, mitigation is required by (cbeck all that apply): ? DWQ ® Corps 2c. If yes, which mitigation option will be used for this project? ? Mitigation bank S Payment to in-lieu fee program ? Permittee Responsible Mitigation 3. Complete if Using a Mitigation Bank 3a. Name of Mitigation Bank: EEP 3b. Credits Purchased (attach receipt and letter) Type Quantity 3c. Comments: 4. Complete if Making a Payment to In-lieu Fee Program 4a. Approval letter from in-lieu fee program is attached. ? Yes 4b. Stream mitigation requested: 65 linear feet 4c. If using stream mitigation, stream temperature: ? warm ? cool Scold 4d. Buffer mitigation requested (DWQ only): square feet 4e. Riparian wetland mitigation requested: acres 4f. Non-riparian wetland mitigation requested: acres 4g. Coastal (tidal) wetland mitigation requested: acres 4h. Comments: 5. Complete if Using a Perrnittee Responsible Mitigation Plan 5a. If using a permittee responsible mitigation plan, provide a description of the proposed mitigation plan. r Page 6 of 10, PCN Form - Version 1.3 December 10, 2008 Version 6. Buffer Mitigation (State Regulated Riparian Buffer Rules) - required by DWQ 6a. Will the project result in an impact within a protected riparian buffer that requires buffer mitigation? ? Yes ® No 6b. If yes, then identify the square feet of impact to each zone of the riparian buffer that requires mitigation. Calculate the amount of mitigation required. Zone 6c. Reason for impact 6d. Total impact (square feet) Multiplier 6e. Required mitigation (square feet) Zone 1 3 (2 for Catawba) Zone 2 1.5 6f. Total buffer mitigation required: 6g. If buffer mitigation is required, discuss what type of mitigation is proposed (e.g., payment to private mitigation bank, permittee responsible riparian buffer restoration, payment into an approved in-lieu fee fund). 6h. Comments: Page 7 of 10 PCN Form - Version 1.3 December 10, 2008 Version E. Stormwater Management and Diffuse Flow Plan (required by DWQ) 1. Diffuse Flow Plan 1 a. Does the project include or is it adjacent to protected riparian buffers identified ? Yes ® No within one of the NC Riparian Buffer Protection Rules? 1 b. If yes, then is a diffuse flow plan included? If no, explain why. ? Yes ? No Comments: 2. Stormwater Management Plan 2a. What is the overall percent imperviousness of this project? % 2b. Does this project require a Stormwater Management Plan? ? Yes ® No 2c. If this project DOES NOT require a Stormwater Management Plan, explain why: 2d. If this project DOES require a Stormwater Management Plan, then provide a brief, narrative description of the plan: ? Certified Local Government 2e. Who will be responsible for the review of the Stormwater Management Plan? ? DWQ Stormwater Program ? DWQ 401 Unit 3. Certified Local Govemment Stormwater Review 3a. In which local governments jurisdiction is this project? ? Phase II 3b. Which of the following locally-implemented stormwater management programs ? NSW El USMP apply (check all that apply): ? Water Supply Watershed ? Other: 3c. Has the approved Stormwater Management Plan with proof of approval been ? Yes ? No attached? 4. DWQ Stormwater Program Review ? Coastal counties ? HQW 4a. Which of the following state-implemented stormwater management programs apply ? ORW (check all that apply): ? Session Law 2006-246 ? Other: 4b. Has the approved Stormwater Management Plan with proof of approval been attached? ? Yes ? No 5. DWQ 401 Unit Stor mwater Review 5a. Does the Stormwater Management Plan meet the appropriate requirements? ? Yes ? No 5b. Have all of the 401 Unit submittal requirements been met? ? Yes ? No Page 8 of 10 PCN Form - Version 1.3 December 10, 2008 Version F. Supplementary Information 1. Environmental Documentation (DWQ Requirement) la. Does the project involve an expenditure of public (federal/state/local) funds or the N Yes ? No use of public (federal/state) land? A b. If you answered 'yes" to the above, does the project require preparation of an environmental document pursuant to the requirements of the National or State ? Yes ® No (North Carolina) Environmental Policy Act (NEPAISEPA)? 1c. If you answered "yes" to the above, has the document review been finalized by the State Clearing House? (If so, attach a copy of the NEPA or SEPA final approval ? Yes ? No letter.) Comments: 2. Violations (DWQ Requirement) 2a. Is the site in violation of DWQ Wetland Rules (15A NCAC 2H A500), Isolated Wetland Rules (15A NCAC 2H .1300), DWQ Surface Water or Wetland Standards, ? Yes N No or Riparian Buffer Rules (15A NCAC 2B.0200)? 2b. Is this an after-the-fact permit application? ? Yes S No -2c. If you answered "yes" to one or both of the above questions, provide an explanation of the violation(s): 3. Cumulative Impacts (DWQ Requirement) 3a. Will this project (based on past and reasonably anticipated future impacts) result in El Yes O No additional development, which could impact nearby downstream water quality? 3b. If you answered "yes" to the above, submit a qualitative or quantitative cumulative impact analysis in accordance with the most recent DWQ policy. If you answered "no," provide a short narrative description. 4. Sewage Disposal (DWQ Requirement) 4a. Clearly detail the ultimate treatment methods and disposition (non-discharge or discharge) of wastewater generated from the proposed project, or available capacity of the subject facility. NIA Page 9 of 10 PCN Form - Version 1.3 December 10, 2008 Version S. Endangered Species and Designated Critical Habitat (Corps Requirement) 5a. Will this project occur in or near an area with federally protected species or ? Yes ®No habitat? 5b. Have you checked with the USFWS concerning Endangered Species Act ? Yes ® No -impacts? ? Raleigh 5c. If yes, indicate the USFWS Field Office you have contacted. - ? Asheville 5d. What data sources did you use to determine whether your site would impact Endangered Species or Designated Critical Habitat? GIS and visual observation 6. Essential Fish Habitat (Corps Requirement) 6a. Will this project occur in or near an area designated as essential fish habitat? ? Yes ®No 6b. What data sources did you use to determine whether your site would impact Essential Fish Habitat? WRC will comment 7. Historic or Prehistoric Cultural Resources (Corps Requirement) 7a. Will this project occur in or near an area that the state, federal or tribal governments have designated as having historic or cultural preservation ? Yes ® No status (e.g., National Historic Trust designation or properties significant in North Carolina history and archaeology)? 7b. What data sources did you use to determine whether your site would impact historic or archeological resources? Reviewed by OHE 8. Flood Zone Designation (Corps Requirement) Sa. Will this project occur in a FEMAtlesignated 100-year floodplain? ? Yes ® No 8b. If yes, explain how project meets FEMA requirements: 8c. What source(s) did you use to make the floodplain determination? ncfloodmaps.com 7. Heath Slaughter 2/18/11 Applicant/Agent's Printed Name Applicant/Agent's Signet re ' Date er from the applicant (Agent's nature is valid only if an authorizat is provided.) Page 10 of 10 PCN Form - Version 1.3 December 10, 2008 Version WETLAND DATA FORM (1987 COE Wetlands Delineation Manual) Project/Site: Bridge #16 on SR 1166 Date: 2/18/11 Applicant/Owner: NC DOT County: Avery Investigator: Heath Slaughter, Monte Matthews State: NC Yes No Do normal circumstances exist on the site? ® ? Community ID: BHF Is the site significantly disturbed? ® ? (A typical situation)? Transit ID: Is the area a potential problem area? ? ® Plot ID: (If needed, explain on reverse.) VEGETATION . Dominant Plant Species Stratum 1.Sahx nigra Shrub. 2.Acer saccharinum tree 3.Robinia pseudoacacia tree 4.Prunus serotina tree 5.Nyssa sylvatica tree 6. 7. 8. Indicator Dominant Plant Species OBL 9. FACW 10. UPI, 11. FACU 12. FAC 13. 14. 15. 16. Stratum Indicator Percent of dominant species that are OBL, FACW or FAC (excluding PAC-): 60% Remarks: HYDROLOGY ? Recorded Data (describe in remarks) ? Stream, Lake or Tide Gauge ? Aerial Photographs ? Other ® No Recorded Data Available Field Observations: Depth of Surface Water: N/A (in.) Depth to Free Water in Pit: >12 (in.) Depth to Saturated Soil: 10 (in.) U Inundated ® Saturated in Upper 12 Inches ? Water Marks ? Drift Lines ? Sediment Deposits ® Drainage Patterns in Wetlands Secondary Indicators: (2 or more required) ? Oxidized Root Channels in Upper 12 Inches ® Water-Stained Leaves ® Local Soil Survey Data ® FAC Neutral Test ? Other (explain in remarks) WLdata.frm SOILS Map Unit Name (Series and Phase): Nikwasi loam Taxonomy (Subgroup): mesic Cumulic Humaquepts Drainage Class: Poorly drained Field Observations Confirm Mapped Type? Yes Profile Description: Death Matrix Color Mottle Colors (ice Horizon (Munsell Moist) (Munsell Moist) 0-12 A 10 YR 2/1 N/A Mottle Abundance/Contrast N/A Texture, Concretions. Structure etc. loam Hydric Soil Indicators: ? Histosol ? Concretions ? Histic Epipedon ? High Organic Content in Surface Layer in Sandy Soil ? Sulfidic Odor ? Organic Streaking in Sandy Soils ? Aquic Moisture Regime ? Listed on Local Hydric Soils List ? Reducing Conditions ? Listed on National Hydric Soils List ® Gleyed or Low-Chroma Colors ? Other (explain in remarks) Remarks Wetland Determination Yes No (circle yes or no) Hydrophytic Vegetation Present? z F1 Wetland Hydrology Present? ® ? Hydric Soils Present? ® ? Is This Sampling Point Within a Wetland? ® ? Remarks: WLdata.frm m a 0 ? au mm y? ?r IC1 I? CD o ,p m V m3 IA K EF: r p pq? I.2, to v eg ?? OQ rn \P I R'l 4 Map Name: NEW' AND Scale: 1 inch = 2,000 ft. Horizontal Datum: NAD83 Print Date: 02/21/11 Map Center: 036.1027275' N 08 ? mf ?-3; ? ? ?. :.' r`?3f`t.`?\ , " j?""??. ` 9?[I 'e } It ? 4 J e 1 l\?\? '.?v ?. ra ?'?? \ N X ? Z- Z N4 Lc UNed ion. Z ?? ?, .. e \_, . Existin t? ? ?r 1is / Y) g g r I I ? Bridge?76 ?? kkk ?t? , ; y s ;1 f -All 1Z r .w 081.9900000' w 081.9800000' w 081.9700000° W SCALE 1:24000 FEET 1. 2. 1. Proposed culvert location and downstream view. Note bank scour adjacent to US 19E. 2. Culvert location and upstream view. (Bridge #16, Avery) ' i i i CIQI I?? d z I W Q V an U_ 2 Na. J ? s ©> dhN?oB (? S g 65 II II „ II II ' 78 RQo,l1?2 2 I ? 41 lnFnoF_ O o iqn u u n II 4Q0_ll?? Q ?F d• N h n o aq N') ? g d Q N III II p II II o O 4 Q0 _ll-? u na.r %m ?_ use s k N z° 0z Q xU W ? I I k'1_ I I I i f i 0 rv0 m ? ~ 2 E o h w ? U ? w Q C W O Q W w w ? Qo - ¢o wf UJ Z ?= Ew s' W wz ?wJi W J oLL o bQ ?A ?W ?, ww w o V a ? p ° W N Vf Z <2 ? u 2 1 l OJ I v 1f?? I I CJ a ? 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