20081764 Ver 2_DCM Permit_20100730

Permit Class
NF. W
Permit Number
79-10
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
and D (L
Coastal Resources Commission
Vermtt JUL ' 2010
for WETLAH SAAND T0RX?A £ BpMJCH
X Major Development in an Area of Environmental Concern
pursuant to NCGS 113A-118
X Excavation and/or filling pursuant to NCGS 113-229
Issued to Town of North Topsail Beach, 2008 Loggerhead Court, North Topsail Beach, NC 28460
Authorizing development in Onlsow Counties at New River Inlet and Ocean Beach, within
Town limits as requested in the permittee's application dated 9/29/09, AEC Hazard Notice dtd.
8/27/08, mitigation/monitoring plan dtd. 9/09, & workplan drawings 1-19 dtd. rcd. 9/30/09 & PV-1, DE-1 & XS-1 all dtd. 11/24/09
This permit, issued on July 21, 2010 , is subject to compliance with the application (where consistent
with the permit), all applicable regulations, special conditions and notes set forth below. Any violation of these terms may
be subject to fines, imprisonment or civil action; or may cause the permit to be null and void.
1) In order to protect threatened and endangered species and to minimize adverse impacts to offshore,
nearshore, intertidal and beach resources no excavation or beach nourishment activities shall occur
from April 1 to November 15 of any year without prior approval from the Division of Coastal
Management in consultation with the Division of Marine Fisheries and the Wildlife Resources
Commission.
Excavation
2) Unless specifically altered herein, all excavation activities shall take place entirely within the areas
indicated on attached workplan drawings.
3) No excavation shall take place within 400' of any identified hard bottom resource area.
(See attached sheets for Additional Conditions)
This permit action may be appealed by the permittee or
other qualified persons within twenty (20) days of the issuing
date. An appeal requires resolution prior to work initiation or
continuance as the case may be.
This permit must be accessible on-site to Department
personnel when the project is inspected for compliance.
Any maintenance work or project modification not covered
hereunder requires further Division approval.
All work must cease when the permit expires on
Signed by the authority of the Secretary of DENR and the
Chairman of the Coastal Resources Commission.
James H. regson, Director
Division of Coastal Management
This permit and its conditions are hereby accepted.
June 12, 2014
In issuing this permit, the State of North Carolina agrees
that your project is consistent with the North Carolina Coastal
Management Program.
Signature of Permittee
Town of North Topsail Beach
ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS
4) Excavation shall not exceed the following limits;
a. Bar Channel -17' average (NGVD-29)
b. Offshore Borrow Area(s) -47' average (NGVD-29)
Overdredging is specifically prohibited.
Permit #79-10
Page 2 of 5
5) In order to minimize impacts to aquatic resources, and in accordance with commitments made by the
permittee, maintenance excavation of the new inlet channel shall not take place more frequently than
once every four years.
6) Excavation shall be accomplished by cutter suction hydraulic dredge. Use of any other method of
excavation shall require modification of this permit.
Beach Nourishment
7) This permit authorizes beach nourishment activities to be carried out one (1) time along the entire reach
of the requested project area. Any request to carry out additional activities within an area where
nourishment activities have been completed under this permit shall require a modification of this permit.
8) Prior to the initiation of beach nourishment activity along each section of beach, the existing mean high
water line shall be surveyed and a copy provided to the Division of Coastal Management.
NOTE: The permittee is advised that the State of North Carolina claims title to all currently submerged
lands and any future lands that are raised above the Mean High Water level as a result of this
project.
9) Prior to the initiation of any beach nourishment activity above the normal high water contour (NHW)
within the limits of the permittee's jurisdiction, easements or similar legal instruments shall be obtained
from all impacted property owners.
10) Prior to the initiation of any beach nourishment activity, the permittee shall coordinate with the Division
of Coastal Management to determine the static vegetation line that shall be used as the reference point
for measuring future oceanfront setbacks. The static vegetation line, which is defined as the vegetation
line that existed within one year prior to the onset of initial project construction, shall be established
using on-ground observation and survey or aerial imagery. This static vegetation line shall then be
marked and a survey depicting this static vegetation line shall be submitted to the Division of Coastal
Management prior to any beach nourishment activities.
11) The seaward nourishment limit shall be conducted in accordance with the approved work plats labeled
Figures 15-17 (Typical Construction Profiles) dated received 9/30/09.
12) Temporary dikes shall be used to retain and direct flow of material parallel to the shoreline to minimize
surf zone turbidities. The temporary dikes shall be removed and the beach graded in accordance with
approved profiles upon completion of pumping activities in that particular section of beach.
Town of North Topsail Beach
ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS
Permit #79-10
Page 3 of 5
13) Should the dredging operations encounter sand deemed non-compatible with 15A NCAC 07H .0312
(Technical Standards for Beach Fill Projects), the dredge operator shall immediately cease operation and
contact the NCDCM. Dredge operations shall resume only after resolution of the issue of sand
compatibility.
14) In order to prevent leakage, dredge pipes shall be routinely inspected. If leakage is found and repairs
cannot be made immediately, pumping of material shall stop until such leaks are fixed.
15) Once a section is complete, piping and heavy equipment shall be removed or shifted to a new section
and the area graded and dressed to final approved slopes.
16) Land-based equipment necessary for beach nourishment work shall be brought to the site through
existing accesses. Should the work result in any damage to existing accesses, the accesses shall be
restored to pre-project conditions immediately upon project completion in that specific area.
NOTE: The permittee is advised that any new access site would require a modification of this permit.
17) Where oceanfront development exists at elevations nearly equal to that of the native beach, a low
protective dune shall be pushed up along the backbeach to prevent slurry from draining towards the
development.
18) Dune disturbance shall be kept to a minimum. Any alteration of existing dunes shall be coordinated
with the Division of Coastal Management as well as the appropriate property owner(s). All disturbed
areas shall be restored to original contours and configuration with reference to the surveyed normal high
water line and shall be revegetated immediately following project completion in that specific area.
Upland Disposal of Non-beach Compatible Materials
19) All excavated materials shall be confined above the normal high water line and landward of regularly or
irregularly flooded wetlands behind adequate dikes or other retaining structures to prevent spillover of
solids into any marsh or surrounding waters.
20) The disposal area effluent shall be contained by pipe or similar device to a point at or beyond the normal
low water level, and beyond areas containing significant shellfish resources or areas of submerged
aquatic vegetation.
21) The terminal end of the pipeline shall be positioned at or greater than 50 feet from any part of the dike
and a maximum distance from spillways to allow settlement of suspended sediments.
22) A water control structure shall be installed at the intake end of the effluent pipe to assure compliance
with water quality standards.
23) The diked disposal area shall be constructed a sufficient distance from the normal high water level or
any marsh to eliminate the possibility of dike erosion into surrounding wetlands or waters.
Town of North Topsail Beach Permit #79-10
Page 4 of 5
ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS
24) The disposal area shall be properly graded and provided a ground cover sufficient to restrain erosion
within 30 working days of completion of each phase of the project.
25) The spoil disposal area shall be inspected and approved by a representative of the Division of Coastal
Management prior to the commencement of any dredging activities.
Mitigation and Monitoring
26) Unless specifically altered herein, the permittee shall fully implement the attached North Topsail Beach
Shoreline Protection Project Mitigation and Monitoring Plan, including all reporting requirements. All
monitoring reports referenced in this plan shall be submitted to the Division of Coastal Management and
the Division of Marine Fisheries.
27) Immediately after completion of each phase of the beach nourishment project, and prior to the next three
sea turtle nesting seasons, beach compaction shall be monitored and tilling shall be conducted as deemed
necessary by the Division of Coastal Management in coordination with appropriate review agencies.
28) Immediately after completion of any phase of the beach nourishment project, and prior to the next three
nesting seasons, monitoring shall be conducted to determine if escarpments are present that would affect
nesting sea turtles or public access. If such escarpments are present, the permittee shall coordinate with
the Division of Coastal Management for necessary remediation.
29) Unless specifically modified herein, all mitigative commitments and/or biological monitoring
commitments made during the environmental review process as found in the Final Environmental
Impact Statement shall be adhered to.
Cultural Resource Protection
30) There exists the possibility that the authorized activities may unearth a beached shipwreck. Should such
a finding occur, the permittee shall immediately move to another area. The NCDCR Underwater
Archaeology Branch shall be contacted at [phone] to determine appropriate response procedures.
General
31) This permit shall not be assigned, transferred, sold, or otherwise disposed of to a third party without the
written approval of the Division of Coastal Management.
32) The permittee and/or his contractor shall schedule a pre-construction conference with the Division of
Coastal Management prior to the initiation of any dredging activities.
Town of North Topsail Beach
ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS
Permit #79-10
Page 5 of 5
33) The permittee shall obtain any necessary authorizations or approvals from the US Army Corps of
Engineers prior to initiation of any permitted activity. All conditions of this Federal approval shall be
adhered to.
34) The permittee and/or his contractor shall provide for proper storage and handling of all oils, chemicals,
hydraulic fluids, etc., necessary to carry out the project.
35) The N.C. Division of Water Quality has authorized the proposed project under General Water Quality
Certification No. 3642 (DWQ Project No. 081764V2), which was issued on 6/4/10. Any violation of the
Water Quality Certification shall also be considered a violation of this CAMA Permit.
36) No sand shall be placed on any sand bags that have been determined by the Division of Coastal
Management to be subject to removal under 15A NCAC 07H .0308(a)(2). In order to ensure
compliance with this condition, the Division of Coastal Management shall be contacted at (910) 796-
7215 prior to project initiation so that Division staff may meet on site with the permittee and/or
contractor.
NOTE: The permittee is advised that the Division of Coastal Management shall regulate the removal of
existing sandbags and the placement of new sandbags in accordance with 15A NCAC 07H
.0308(a)(2)(F), or in accordance with any variances granted by the N.C. Coastal Resources
Commission.
NOTE: This permit does not eliminate the need to obtain any additional state, federal or local permits,
approvals or authorizations that may be required.
NOTE: Future nourishment activities may require a modification of this permit. The permittee shall
contact a representative of the Division at [phone] prior to the commencement of any
such activity for this determination.
lem Mr-1
APPLICATION
Major Development Permit
(last revised 12127106)
North Carolina DIVISION OF COASTAL MANAGEMENT
1. Primary Applicant/ Landowner Information
Business Name Project Name (if applicable)
Town Of North Topsail Beach, North Carolina North Topsail Beach Shoreline Protection Project
Applicant 1: First Name MI Last Name
Donald Martin
Applicant 2: First Name MI Last Name
N/A N/A N/A
If additional applicants, please attach an additional page(s) with names listed.
Mailing Address PO Box City State
2008 Loggerhead Court N/A North Topsail Beach NC
ZIP Country Phone No. FAX No.
28460 County: Onslow 910 - 328 -1349 ext. NA 910 - 328 - 4508

Street Address (if different from above)
City State ZIP
N/A N/A N/A N/A-
Email
[e-mail]
2. Agent(Contractor information
Business Name
Coastal Planning & Engineering Of North Carolina, Inc.
Agent/ Contractor 1: First Name MI Last Name
James T. Jarrett
Agent/ Contractor 2: First Name MI Last Name
N/A N/A N/A
Mailing Address PO Box City State
4038 Masonboro Loop Road N/A Wilmington NC
ZIP Phone No. 1 Phone No. 2
28409 910 - 791 - 9494 ext. N/A 910 - 392 - 0453 ext. N/A
FAX No. Contractor #
910 791 4129 Federal ID # 020623951
Street Address (if different from above) City State ZIP
N/A N/A N/A N/A -
Email
[e-mail]
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
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3. Project Location
County (can be multiple) Street Address State
Rd
#
The northern project limit is located within the New River Inlet .
Onslow and the southern limit is located near 9th Street. N/A
Subdivision Name City State Zip
N/A Town of North Topsail Beach NC 28460
Lot No.(s) (if many, attach additional page with
Phone No. list)
910 - 328 -1349 ext. N/A N/A,
a. In which NC river basin is the project located? b. Name of body of water nearest to proposed
White Oak River Basin project
New River Inlet and Atlantic Ocean
c. Is the water body identified in (b) above, natural or manmade? d. Name the closest major water body to the
®Natural ?Manmade ?Unknown proposed project site.
New River Inlet and Atlantic Ocean
e. Is proposed work within city limits or planning jurisdiction? f. If applicable, list the planning jurisdiction or city
®Yes ?No limit the proposed work falls within.
Town of North Topsail Beach
4. Site Description
a. Total length of shoreline on the tract (ft.) b. Size of entire tract (sq.ft.)
Approximately 58,608 linear ft; which is the total length of 141,657,120 sq ft (3,252 ac)
the North Topsail Beach Shoreline (11.1 mi)
c. Size of individual lot(s) d. Approximate elevation of tract above NHW
N/A (normal high water) or NWL (normal water
,
(if many lot sizes, please attach additional page with a list) level)
approximately 7.0 ft ®NHW or ?
NWL
e. Vegetation on tract
See attached.
f. Man-made features and uses now on tract
See attached.
g. Identify and describe the existing land uses adjacent to the proposed project site.
See attached.
h. How does local government zone the tract? i. Is the proposed project consistent with the
C-1; Conservation District, Ocean-front Side and R-1; applicable zoning?
Residential (Attach zoning compliance certificate, if applicable)
®Yes ?No ?NA
j. Is the proposed activity part of an urban waterfront redevelopment proposal? ?Yes ®No
k. Has a professional archaeological assessment been done for the tract? If yes, attach a copy. ®Yes ?No ?
NA
If yes, by whom?
Tidewater Atlantic
Research, Inc.
1. Is the proposed project located in a National Registered Historic Distri ct or does it involve a ?Yes ®No ?
National Register listed or eligible property? NA
e era ?, ? ` « ?_.
C' M
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m. (i) Are there wetlands on the site? ?Yes ®No
(ii) Are there coastal wetlands on the site? ?Yes ®No
(iii) If yes to either (i) or (ii) above, has a delineation been conducted? ?Yes ?No
(Attach documentation, if available)
n. Describe existing wastewater treatment facilities.
N/A
o. Describe existing drinking water supply source.
N/A
p. Describe existing storm water management or treatment systems.
N/A
5. Activities and Impacts
a. Will the project be for commercial, public, or private use? ?Commercial
®Public/Government
?Private/Community
b. Give a brief description of purpose, use, and daily operations of the project when complete.
See Attached.
c. Describe the proposed construction methodology, types of construction equipment to be used during construction, the
number of each type of equipment and where it is to be stored.
See Attached.
d. List all development activities you propose.
See Attached
e. Are the proposed activities maintenance of an existing project, new work, or both? New Work
f. What is the approximate total disturbed land area resulting from the proposed project? Approximately 42
See Attached acres of upland
and approximately
758 acres of
submerged lands
?Sq.Ft or ®Acres
g. Will the proposed project encroach on any public easement, public accessway or other area ®Yes ?No ?NA
that the public has established use of?
h. Describe location and type of existing and proposed discharges to waters of the state.
See Attached.
i. Will wastewater or stormwater be discharged into a wetland? ?Yes ®No ?NA
If yes, will this discharged water be of the same salinity as the receiving water? ?Yes ?No ®NA
j. Is there any mitigation proposed? The applicant proposes monitoring ®Yes ?No ?NA
If yes, attach a mitigation proposal.

Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc. `l F P 3 0 2009
6. Additional Information
In addition to this completed application form, (MP-1) the following items below, if applicable, must be submitted in order
for the application package to be complete. Items (a) - (0 are always applicable to any major development application.
Please consult the application instruction booklet on how to properly prepare the required items below
a. A project narrative.
b. An accurate, dated work plat (including plan view and cross-sectional drawings) drawn to scale. Please give the
present status of the proposed project. Is any portion already complete? If previously authorized work, clearly indicate
on maps, plats, drawings to distinguish between work completed and proposed.
c. A site or location map that is sufficiently detailed to guide agency personnel unfamiliar with the area to the site.
d. A copy of the deed (with state application only) or other instrument under which the applicant claims title to the affected
properties.
e. The appropriate application fee. Check or money order made payable to DENR.
f. A list of the names and complete addresses of the adjacent waterfront (riparian) landowners and signed return receipts
as proof that such owners have received a copy of the application and plats by certified mail. Such landowners must be
advised that they have 30 days in which to submit comments on the proposed project to the Division of Coastal
Management.
Name See Attached Phone No.
Address
Name Phone No.
Address
Name Phone No.
Address
g. A list of previous state or federal permits issued for work on the project tract. Include permit numbers, permittee, and
issuing dates.
See attached.
h. Signed consultant or agent authorization form, if applicable.
i. Wetland delineation, if necessary. None Necessary.
j. A signed AEC hazard notice for projects in oceanfront and inlet areas. (Must be signed by property owner)
k. A statement of compliance with the N.C. Environmental Policy Act (N.C.G.S. 113A 1-10), if necessary. If the project
involves expenditure of public funds or use of public lands, attach a statement documenting compliance with the North
Carolina Environmental Policy Act.
7. Certification and Permission to Enter on Land
I understand that any permit issued in response to this application will allow only the development described
in the application. The project will be subject to the conditions and restrictions contained in the permit.
I certify that I am authorized to grant, and do in fact grant permission to representatives of state and federal review
agencies to enter on the aforementioned lands in connection with evaluating information related to this permit
application and follow-up monitoring of the project.
I further certify, that the information provided in this application is truthful to the best of my knowledge.
Date Print Name ?O/,1 lu f/?
Signature'` -
Please indicate application attachments pertaining to.. our proposed roject.
®DCM MP-2 Excavation and Fill Information M MP-5 Bridges and Culverts
[]DCM MP-3 Upland Development
?DCM MP-4 Structures Information
For additional information associated with this project and the development of the preferred alternative,
please reference the Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (DSEIS) which can be found at
http://topsailbeach.org/index. asp?Type=B_BASIC& SEC=19CO21483-4562-4F76-9423-EO4FO6D7253E) .
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Form DCM MP-2
EXCAVATION and FILL
(Except for bridges and culverts)
Attach this form to Joint Application for CAMA Major Permit, Form DCM MP-1. Be sure to complete all other
sections of the Joint Application that relate to this proposed project. Please include all supplemental
information.
Describe below the purpose of proposed excavation and/or fill activities. All values should be given in ft.
Access Other (excluding
Channel
Canal Boat Boat Rock Rock shoreline
(NLW or Basin Ramp Groin Breakwater
stabilization)
NWL
Approximately
3,375 ft (ocean bar
channel excavation
area)
Length Approximately
1,410 ft (average
length for each of
15 potential cuts in
Borrow Area)
Approximately 500
ft (ocean bar
channel excavation
area)
Width Approximately
1,350 ft (average
width for each of
15 potential cuts in
Borrow Area)
Average in ocean
bar channel = -8 ft
Avg. NGVD-29
Existing NA NA Average in
Depth Offshore Borrow
Area = -37 ft
NGVD-29
Average in ocean
bar channel = -17
Final ft NGVD-29
Project NA NA Average in
Depth Offshore Borrow
Area = -47 ft
NGVD-29
1. EXCAVATION ?
This section not applicable
a. Amount of material to be excavated from below NHW or b. Type of material to be excavated.
NWL in cy. Sand, Ocean bar channel near New
2,551,800 cy River Inlet, mean grain size = 0.39mm,
1.5% Silt
Sand, Offshore BA Coarse, mean grain
size = 0.33mm, 1.8%
Ranri Offshnre BA Mixed. mean grain
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c. (i) Does the area to be excavated include coastal
wetlands/marsh (CW), submerged aquatic vegetation
(SAV), shell bottom (SB), or other wetlands (WL)? If
any boxes are checked, provide the number of square
ft affected.
?CW ?SAV ?SB
?WL ®None
size = 0.21, 6.8
Clay and Shell, ocean bar channel,
disposed on upland site.
d. High-ground excavation in cy.
N/A
2. DISPOSAL OF EXCAVATED MATERIAL ®This section not applicable
a. Location of disposal area. See Project Narrative b. Dimensions of disposal area. See Project
Narrative
c. (i) Do you claim title to disposal area? d. (i) Will a disposal area be available for future
?Yes ?No ?NA maintenance?
(ii) If no, attach a letter granting permission from the ?Yes ?No ?NA
owner. (ii) If yes, where?
e. (i) Does the disposal area include any coastal
wetlands/marsh (CM, submerged aquatic vegetation
(SAV), shell bottom (SB), or other wetlands (WL)? If
any boxes are checked, provide the number of square
ft affected.
?CW ?SAV ?SB
f. (i) Does the disposal include any area in the
water?
?Yes ?No ?NA
(ii) If yes, how much water area is affected?
?WL ?None
(ii) Describe the purpose of disposal in these areas:
3. SHORELINE STABILIZATION ®This section not applicable
(if development is a wood groin, use MP4 - Structures)
a. Type of shoreline stabilization:
?Bulkhead ?Riprap ?Breakwater/Sill ?
Other:
c. Average distance waterward of NHW or NWL:
e. Type of stabilization material:
b. Length:
Width:
d. Maximum distance waterward of NHW or
NWL:
f. (i) Has there been shoreline erosion during
preceding 12 months?
?Yes ?No ?NA
(ii) If yes, state amount of erosion and source
of erosion amount information.
g. Number of square ft of fill to be placed below water level. h. Type of fill material.
Bulkhead backfill Riprap
Breakwater/Sill Other
i. Source of fill material.
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4. OTHER FILL ACTIVITIES ?This section not applicable
(Excluding Shoreline Stabilization)
a. 0) Will fill material be brouqht to the site? ®Yes ? b. (i) Will fill material be placed in coastal
No ?NA wetlands/marsh (CW), submerged aquatic
If yes vegetation (SAV), shell bottom (SB), or
, other wetlands (WL). If any boxes are
(ii) Amount of material to be placed in the water checked, provide the number of square ft
approximately 2 .591,800 cv of material will be affected.
disposed of on the beach between the dune and - -
?CW ?SAV ?
6.0 ft NAVD88 SB
(iii) Dimensions of fill area Phases 1 and 2 =
?WL ®None
19,120 ft by 496 ft: Phases 3 and 4 = 18.380 ft by
414 ft : Phase 5 = 20.320 ft by 205 ft (sum of lengths (ii) Describe the purpose of the fill in these
of Phases 1 - 5 is slightly different from the 11.1 mile areas:
total project length due to rounding errors
incorporated with each Phase length)
(iv) Purpose of fill
The Town is requesting a permit to implement
non-Federal shoreline and inlet management
project that would preserve the Town's tax base,
protect its infrastructure, and maintain its tourist
oriented economy.
5. GENERAL
a. How will excavated or fill material be kept on site and b. What type of construction equipment will be
erosion controlled? used (e.g., dragline, backhoe, or hydraulic
A dike will be constructed seaward of the fill area during dredge)?
the placement of beach fill. This structure will allow
the sandy material to settle out before the water
reenters the Atlantic Ocean. In addtion, the prefered
borrow area contains material that closely matches
the existing beach and is low in silt.
Cutterhead hydraulic dredge and pipeline,
bulldozers, front-end loaders and other
earth moving machines
c. (i) Will navigational aids be required as a result of the d. (i) Will wetlands be crossed in transporting
project? equipment to project site? ?Yes ®No
?Yes ®No ?NA ?NA
(ii) If yes, explain what type and how they will be (ii) If yes, explain steps that will be taken to
implemented. avoid or minimize environmental impacts.

Date
North Topsail Beach Shoreline Protection Project
Project Name
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
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Town of North Topsail Beach
DCM MP-1
APPLICATION FOR MAJOR DEVELOPMENT PERMIT
NORTH TOPSAIL. BEACH SHORELINE PROTECTION PROJECT
North Topsail Beach, North Carolina
SECTION 4
SITE DESCRIPTION

?. 2009
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4e. Vegetation on tract
Perennial grasses, such as American beach grass (Ammophila breviligulata) and sea oats
(Uniola paniculata), are the primary stabilizers along the beach and dune communities
along the oceanfront shorelines of Onslow Bay and the inlet shorelines of New River
Inlet.
Many of the dune communities along the oceanfront shoreline of North Topsail Beach
are maintained by dune erosion prevention methods. These preventative measures
include the installation of sand fences, which encourage entrapment of wind-blown sand.
Since 2000, 75,000 linear ft of sand fence has been installed along North Topsail Beach
during numerous dune restoration projects. Approximately 610,000 plants consisting of a
variety of American beach grass, sea oats, bitter panicum (Panicum amarum) and
saltmeadow cordgrass (Spartina alterniora) have been planted by the Town of North
Topsail Beach.
4f. Man-made features and uses now on tract
The tract includes single and multifamily residential homes. Based on a 14 August 2007
survey by North Topsail Beach Coastal Area Management Act (CAMA) Local Permit
Officer (LPO), 31 residential structures located on North Topsail Beach were considered
to be imminently threatened as defined by State Standard Rule 15A NCAC 7H .0308
(NCDCM, 2007b). The basic premise of this rule is that a structure in the Ocean Hazard
Area is considered imminently threatened when its foundation is less than 20 ft from the
toe of the erosion scarp. Ten (10) additional homes have been condemned on the north
end of the island due to extensive storm damage and erosion. The potential loss of these
threatened structures would reduce the total tax base by $63 million. The beachfront is
utilized for recreational activities.
4g. Identify and describe the existing land uses adjacent to the proposed project
site.
The existing land uses adjacent to the proposed project include single and multifamily
residential, commercial businesses, and community access to the beach front.
4k. Professional Archaeological Assessment
Please see Appendix B.

"! r' 2009
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
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DCM MP-1
APPLICATION FOR MAJOR DEVELOPMENT PERMIT
NORTH TOPSAIL BEACH SHORELINE PROTECTION PROJECT
North Topsail Beach, North Carolina
SECTION 5
ACTIVITIES AND IMPACTS
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5b. Give a brief description of purpose, use, and daily operations of the project
when complete.
In 1996, North Topsail Beach was severely impacted by Hurricanes Bertha and Fran; to a
lesser extent Hurricane Bonnie in 1998, and Hurricanes Dennis, Floyd and Irene in 1999.
North Topsail Beach suffered considerable damage as a result of the severely weakened
dune system resulting from the effects of Hurricane Bertha followed by the high storm
tides that accompanied Fran. The beach has recovered to some degree as a result of
natural processes and the Town of North Topsail Beach's efforts to rebuild the frontal
dune system. However, the homes and infrastructure located along the 11.1 mi of
oceanfront shoreline of North Topsail Beach remain extremely vulnerable and the current
erosion problem is threatening the stability of homes and infrastructure in this area.
The most pressing shoreline management issue facing the Town of North Topsail Beach
is associated with the impacts of New River Inlet on the northeast end of the Town's
shoreline. Long-term shoreline erosion at the north end of Town, and shoreline
fluctuations caused by changes in the position and alignment of the ocean bar channel of
New River Inlet have made the north end properties especially vulnerable to erosion.
Currently, 17 duplex structures located at the extreme north end of Town, which have a
total tax value of over $17 million, have become imminently threatened. Attempts have
been made by individual property owners to protect the threatened duplexes with sandbag
revetments; however, most of the sandbag revetments have failed to provide substantial
protection. Two of the imminently threatened duplexes were relocated at the expense of
the property owners. Some of the remaining duplexes have been declared uninhabitable
due to the loss of water, sewer, and electrical connections and have been demolished.
The Town of North Topsail Beach is seeking Federal and State permits to allow for the
implementation of a non-Federal shoreline and inlet management project that would
preserve the Town's tax base, protect its infrastructure, and maintain its tourist oriented
economy. The goals and objectives of the North Topsail Beach Shoreline Protection
Project are as follows:
• Stabilize the oceanfront shoreline located immediately south of New River Inlet;
• Provide immediate short-term protection to the 31 imminently threatened residential
structures over the next zero to five years;
• Provide long-term protection to Town infrastructure and approximately 1,200 homes
in the northern and central sections of the Town (Phases 1 - 4) over the next thirty
years;
• Provide an interim beach fill to mitigate shoreline erosion along the southern 3.85 mi
of the Town to maintain the shoreline position until the Federal Project is constructed;
• Reduce or mitigate for historic shoreline erosion along 11.1 mi of oceanfront
shoreline of North Topsail Beach;
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
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• Improve recreational opportunities along the Town's oceanfront shoreline;
• Acquire beach compatible material for shore protection project;
• Maintain the Town's tax base by protecting existing development and infrastructure
on the oceanfront shoreline of North Topsail Beach; and
• Balance the needs of the human environment by minimizing and avoiding negative
effects to natural resources.
The restored beach frontage would be used
foraging by shorebirds, and nesting by sea
organized daily operation of the project area.
for recreation by local citizens and tourist,
turtles. There would not be any form of
5c. Describe the proposed construction methodology, types of construction
equipment to be used during construction, the number of each type of equipment,
and where it is to be stored.
The Applicant's Preferred Alternative includes: 1) an inlet management plan for New
River Inlet, 2) a 14-ft NAVD88 dune plan along 7.25 mi of the North and Central
sections designed as a Storm Protection project, 3) an interim beach fill project for the
southern 3.85 mi of oceanfront shoreline designed as an erosion mitigation project, and 4)
a phased construction approach. The proposed project would stem inlet induced erosion
at the extreme north end of North Topsail Beach and provide protection against damages
due to long-term erosion and storms for Town infrastructure and houses along the
northern 7.25 mi of North Topsail Beach (14-ft NAVD88 Dune Plan). Likewise, this
option will reduce shoreline erosion along the southern 3.85 mi of North Topsail Beach's
oceanfront shoreline in the interim until the Federal Storm Protection Project is
constructed (Interim Beach Fill Project).
The results of a geomorphic analysis conducted by Dr. William Cleary of the University
of North Carolina at Wilmington (Appendix A - Final Engineering Report) suggest that
the change in the behavior of the shoreline between 1984 and 2003 on the northeast end
of North Topsail Beach and the southwest end of Onslow Beach correspond to the time
when the main channel through the ebb tide delta of New River Inlet began to shift from
a southwesterly alignment to a southeasterly alignment. The realignment of the ebb
channel was accomplished by a shift in the apex of the ebb tide delta to the northeast or
toward Onslow Beach. These changes in the configuration of the ebb tide delta modified
sediment transport patterns on North Topsail Beach and exposed the northernmost end of
the beach to direct wave attach. Prior to the shift in channel alignment and apex position,
the northern end of North Topsail Beach benefited from the protection provided by the
ebb tide delta with the section of the shoreline located between baseline stations 1115+00
and 1150+00 advancing an average of 210 ft between 1962 and 1984. Farther to the
southwest, the shoreline between baseline stations 1080+00 and 1115+00 advanced an
average of 52 ft during this period. Once the inlet channel and apex of the ebb tide delta
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.- . .: p _,
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began to shift toward Onslow Beach, the entire shoreline on the north end of North
Topsail Beach between baseline stations 1080+00 and 1150+00 responded by receding at
an average rate of 5.3 ft/year between 1984 and 2003.
The results of the geomorphic analysis strongly suggest that an ocean bar channel
oriented perpendicular to the adjacent shorelines (i.e. along an azimuth of approximately
1500) would have the effect of shifting the ebb tide delta closer to the north end of North
Topsail Beach would provide positive shoreline benefits to the adjacent oceanfront
shorelines. The inlet management plan includes repositioning the main ocean bar
channel to a more southerly alignment as recommended by the geomorphic analysis with
periodic maintenance of the preferred position and alignment. The channel would be
500-ft wide dredged to a depth of -18 ft NAVD88. It is important to note that the gorge
of the inlet or location of the deepest part of the channel between North Topsail Beach
and Onslow Beach is not being modified but rather the seaward extent of the Inlet
channel that extends across the ebb tide delta.
Phased Construction Approach
The Town of North Topsail Beach is considering constructing the initial shore protection
project in five (5) phases, to correspond with its anticipated funding stream that would be
generated from multiple sources (see Section 6c.: Figures 1, 2, and 3). The following
describes the timing sequence of the five (5) phased initial construction plan.
The first phase of initial construction (USACE Baseline Stations 1070+00 to 1160+00)
would occur between 16 November 2010 and 31 March 2011 (environmental dredging
window) and would involve the relocation of the New River Inlet channel. Phases 2, 3,
4, and 5 of initial construction would then take place every other year during the same
November to March dredging window (Table 1).

Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
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Table 1. Construction schedule and costs for initial construction of phases 1 - 5.

Phase
Constr.
Baseline Fill
Length
Volume Re-
Nourishment Re-
Nourishment Total Cost
Estimates ($
Years Stations (ft) (Cy) (Phase) Volume (cy) Millions)
1 2010- 1070+00- 000
9 400
544 NA NA $5.754
11 1160+00 1 ,
2 12
20 1
$ 10
120 940,700 NA NA $10.401
1
3 00
070 ,
3 2014- 785+00- 11
500 393
800 Phase 1 233,200 $8.226
15 900+00 , ,
4 2016- 900+00- 6,880 721,500 Phase 2 121,800 $8.945
17 968+80
5 2018- 581+80- 20
320 512,400 Phases 1-3 627,000 $12.930
19 785+00 ,
The Town's shoreline protection project also includes periodic maintenance of the new
ocean bar channel at New River Inlet approximately every four (4) years, beginning in
2014, with disposal of the maintenance material along the North and Central sections.
The phased construction considers inlet maintenance events that occur during the 8 year
period of initial construction. Despite the USACE's prediction that the Federal Project
will be constructed in 2014, the phased construction approach assumes a without-
construction scenario of the Federal project in the South section by 2014.
A sand dike will be constructed on the seaward side of the fill area. The sand slurry will
then be discharged via pipeline dredge behind the dike. Excess water will be released
around the end of the dike. Finally, bulldozers will be used to construct the dune and
berm system and grade the sand across the new beach profile. Storage of the equipment
will not typically be a concern as the work will likely occur 24 hours a day.
Based on the 2005 hydrographic survey of the inlet, a total of 635,800 cy of material is
located within the preferred channel corridor. In order to avoid the clay layers, the
channel was divided into five (5) subsections with variable depths of cut based on the
elevation of the clay layer within each subsection (See Section 6c.: Figure 4). The
amount of beach compatible material located above the clay layers was estimated to be
544,400 cy with the remaining 91,400 cy consisting of clay and shell (See Section 6c.:
Figure 5). The beach compatible material would be pumped to the beach to construct the
beach fill along the northern section of the town and the incompatible material deposited
in an upland disposal site located at the juncture of the AIWW and New River Inlet (see
Section 6c: Figure 6). The composite characteristics of the beach compatible material
located above the clay layer are: mean grain size 0.39 mm, silt percent 1.53%, granular
percent 5.38%, gravel percent 3.64%, and carbonate percent 22%.
The material removed to construct the new channel would be used to construct 9,000 ft of
the beach fill south of New River Inlet (Phase 1, baseline stations 1070+00 to 1160+00).
The first maintenance event for the inlet channel would likely be in 2014-2015. This
`A ilANGI : ON, NBC
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
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corresponds to the proposed year for the construction of Phase 3. The material that
would be removed from the inlet channel for maintenance would be placed along the
Phase 3 shoreline (baseline stations 785+00 to 900+00) as well Phase 1 as re-nourishment
(baseline stations 1070+00 to 1160+00).
The remaining portion of the Northern section (Phase 2, USACE baseline stations
968+80 to 1070+00) and the Central section (Phase 4, USACE baseline stations 900+00
to 968+80) would be constructed using an offshore borrow area. The offshore borrow
area would also be used to construct the beach fill in the South Section (Phase 5) that
extends from the southern town limits (baseline station 581+80) to baseline station
785+00. The offshore borrow area is located between USACE baseline stations 780+00
and 870+00 (approximately 0.4 and 1.6 mi offshore).
A combination of geophysical and biological research investigations confirmed the
location of exposed hardbottoms in the nearshore and offshore of North Topsail Beach.
The location of diver verified hardbottom and quality of sand was used to define the
boundaries of the offshore borrow area. A pipeline cutterhead dredge would be used to
remove sand from the proposed borrow area.
As discussed above, periodic dredging of the inlet channel would be required to maintain
the preferred position and alignment of the channel. The material removed during the
maintenance operations would be used to renourish the oceanfront shoreline along the
North and Central sections (Phases 1 - 4). Based on estimated shoaling rates in the new
channel, the volume of material that would be removed every four years appears to be
sufficient to maintain the beach fill project along the 7.25 mi of shoreline included in
these phases. However, if the channel maintenance material is insufficient to maintain
the beach fill, supplement nourishment material would be obtained from an offshore
borrow area.
A 14-foot NAVD dune plan is proposed for the Northern and Central sections (Phases 1 -
4). It would encompass a total shoreline length of approximately 37,500 ft (USACE
baseline station 785+00 to 1160+00) including a 1,000 foot transition on the north end
adjacent to New River Inlet. The 14-foot dune plan includes an artificial dune
constructed to an elevation of +14 ft NAVD with a crest width of 25 ft fronted by a
variable width beach berm at elevation +6 ft NAVD.
The interim beach fill plan for the Southern section (Phase 5) includes approximately
20,320 ft (USACE baseline stations 581+80 to 785+00) of the Town's oceanfront
shoreline with a horizontal berm constructed to an elevation of +6 ft NAVD.
Construction of the interim fill along the Southern section would use material from the
offshore borrow area
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
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5d. List all development activities you propose.
The Town of North Topsail Beach is proposing the implementation of an inlet management plan
for New River Inlet and the construction of a beach fill project along 11.1 mi of the Town's
shoreline. The inlet management plan includes repositioning the main ocean bar channel to a
more southerly alignment (i.e. along an azimuth of approximately 150°) and periodic
maintenance of the preferred position and alignment approximately every four years. The
material removed from the channel during initial construction is separated into beach compatible
and non-beach compatible material. The beach compatible material (Fine sand with mean grain
size of 0.33mm) will be placed on the beach during Phase 1 between baseline stations 1070+00
and 1160+00 (approximately 544,400 cy). Non-beach compatible material removed from the
channel during initial construction (mix of clay and shell) will be disposed of on an upland
disposal site located at the junction of the Intracoastal Waterway, the New River, and Cedar
Bush Cut (approximately 91,400 cy). The material removed from the inlet during maintenance
events, assuming it is all beach compatible, would be placed along the northern and central
beachfront of North Topsail Beach. A 14-ft NAVD88 dune plan with a 6-ft NAVD88 berm
height is proposed for the Northern and Central sections (Phases 1-4). Phases 2, 4, and 5 will be
constructed with material from an offshore borrow site (See Appendix C - Final Geotech
Report). No dune plan is included in the southern section (Phase 5) of the project as it is only
designed as an interim fill to hold the line until the Federal Project is constructed.
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
16
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5h. Describe location and type of existing and proposed discharges to waters of the state.
The fill locations are the oceanfront beach adjacent to the Town of North Topsail Beach and
New River Inlet. Borrow material will be removed from the proposed inlet realignment and
from a borrow area located between 0.4 and 1.6 mi offshore directly south of North Topsail
Beach Town Hall. The proposed work is associated with beach fill and maintenance of the
proposed project.
In addition to beach disposal, approximately 91,400 cy of clay and shell will be removed from
the ocean bar channel at New River Inlet during initial construction and will be disposed of on an
upland disposal site located at the junction of the AIWW and New River Inlet (See Section 6c.:
Figure 6). Dike construction and proper outfall pipe placement will be coordinated with the
contractor.
According to the North Carolina Division of Coastal Management (NCDCM), 26 permits have
been issued for sandbags since 1992 and in May 2008 exposed sandbags in North Topsail Beach
are required to be removed (J. Giles, pers. comm.).
5j. Mitigation Proposal
A mitigation and monitoring proposal is currently under development for this project (See
Appendix D - Mitigation and Monitoring Plan). Any mitigation or monitoring that may be
required for this project will be approved, as required by the SEPA process, prior to construction
of the proposed project.
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
19 .1
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DCM MP-1
APPLICATION FOR MAJOR DEVELOPMENT PERMIT
NORTH TOPSAIL BEACH SHORELINE PROTECTION PROJECT
North Topsail Beach, North Carolina
SECTION 6
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
`1 P
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
20 NO
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6a. Project narrative.
The proposed project includes: 1) an inlet management plan for New River Inlet, 2) a 14-
ft NAVD88 dune plan along 7.25 mi of the North and Central sections designed as a
Storm Protection project, 3) an interim beach fill project for the southern 3.85 oceanfront
shoreline designed as an erosion mitigation project, and 4) a phased construction
approach. Implementation of the plan would be accomplished in five (5) phases which
were described above in Section 5c. The plan is proposed to stem inlet induced erosion
at the extreme north end of North Topsail Beach and provide protection against damages
due to long-term erosion and storms for Town infrastructure and houses along the
northern 7.25 mi of North Topsail Beach (14-ft NAVD88 Dune Plan). Likewise, this
option will reduce shoreline erosion along the southern 3.85 mi of North Topsail Beach's
oceanfront shoreline in the interim until the Federal Storm Protection Project is
constructed (Interim Beach Fill Project).
Inlet Management Plan
The results of a geomorphic analysis conducted by Dr. William Cleary of the University
of North Carolina at Wilmington (Appendix A - Final Engineering Report) suggest that
the change in the behavior of the shoreline between 1984 and 2003 on the northeast end
of North Topsail Beach and the southwest end of Onslow Beach correspond to the time
when the main channel through the ebb tide delta of New River Inlet began to shift from
a southwesterly alignment to a southeasterly alignment. The realignment of the ebb
channel was accomplished by a shift in the apex of the ebb tide delta to the northeast or
toward Onslow Beach. These changes in the configuration of the ebb tide delta modified
sediment transport patterns on North Topsail Beach and exposed the northernmost end of
the beach to direct wave attach. Prior to the shift in channel alignment and apex position,
the northern end of North Topsail Beach benefited from the protection provided by the
ebb tide delta with the section of the shoreline located between baseline stations 1115+00
and 1150+00 advancing an average of 210 ft between 1962 and 1984. Farther to the
southwest, the shoreline between baseline stations 1080+00 and 1115+00 advanced an
average of 52 ft during this period. Once the inlet channel and apex of the ebb tide delta
began to shift toward Onslow Beach, the entire shoreline on the north end of North
Topsail Beach between baseline stations 1080+00 and 1150+00 responded by receding at
an average rate of 5.3 ft/year between 1984 and 2003.
The results of the geomorphic analysis also strongly suggest that an ocean bar channel
oriented perpendicular to the adjacent shorelines (i.e. along an azimuth of approximately
150) would have the effect of shifting the ebb tide delta closer to the north end of North
Topsail Beach would provide positive shoreline benefits to the adjacent oceanfront
shorelines (See Section 6c.: Figure 7). This plan includes the implementation of an inlet
management plan for New River Inlet in addition to the construction of a beach fill
project along 11.1 mi of the Town's oceanfront shoreline.
The inlet management plan includes repositioning the main ocean bar channel to a more
southerly alignment as recommended by the geomorphic analysis with periodic
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
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maintenance of the preferred position and alignment. It is important to note that the
gorge of the inlet, or location of the deepest part of the channel between North Topsail
Beach and Onlsow Beach, is not being modified but rather the seaward extent of the Inlet
channel that extends across the ebb tide delta.
Management of New River Inlet will involve the initial construction and periodic
maintenance of a 500 ft wide x -18 ft NAVD88 deep ocean bar channel through the New
River Inlet ebb tide delta. The new ocean bar channel would begin in the existing inlet
gorge and extend along a 155' azimuth to the -18 ft NAVD88 contour in the ocean. The
periodic maintenance and/or relocation of the ocean bar channel to its new position and
alignment is a critical element of the project with its ability to provide long-term
protection for the extreme north end of North Topsail Beach.
Accordingly, two (2) channel thresholds have been established, either one of which could
trigger the need to perform maintenance dredging in the new channel. The first channel
maintenance threshold would be dictated by shoaling of the new channel totaling 85% of
the initial dredge volume. The current estimate for initial construction is 635,800 cy with
the channel expected to shoal completely within four (4) years. As the channel shoals,
there would be a renewed tendency for it to begin to migrate away from the preferred
position and alignment, therefore, maintenance of the channel could be accomplished as a
preventative measure when shoaling totals 85% of the initial volume. The second
channel maintenance threshold would be the migration of the thalweg of the channel
outside the 500-ft wide corridor established during initial construction.
Following the release of the Draft EIS in November 2007, a review of the draft
geotechnical report by the NCDCM indicated that in order to comply with the North
Carolina technical standards for beach fill projects a minimum of ten (10) vibracores
must be taken inside of the borrow site. At the time of the Draft EIS, three (3) vibracores
were located within the footprint of the proposed channel due to the readjustment of the
channel position to avoid potential cultural resource impacts.
In November 2008, seven (7) additional vibracores were drilled in New River Inlet (see
Section 6c.: Figure 4). Upon collection and analysis of these additional vibracores, it was
discovered that discontinuous layers of clay at varying depths were present in portions of
the designed channel. Clay sediments were identified above the proposed bottom
channel depth of -18 NAVD88 (47 ft. NGVD29) in vibracores NTVC-08-01, NTVC-08-
02, and NTVC-08-06 (Section 6c.: Figure 5). Figure 4 (see Section 6c.) depicts cut
depths which indicate the deepest depth within each cut that material will be placed on
the beach. Material below these depths down to -18 ft NAVD88 (47.0 ft NGVD29) will
be placed in an upland disposal site.
Due to the presence of these clay layers within the designed channel and the
incompatibility of the clay on the native beach, an alternative borrow area design was
developed. As indicated in the Draft EIS and the geomorphic analysis included in
Appendix A - Final Engineering Report, a channel oriented perpendicular to the adjacent
shorelines, closer to the north end of North Topsail Beach, would provide positive
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc. A * t _
22
shoreline benefits for the adjacent oceanfront shorelines. Maintenance of the designed
channel to a depth of -18.0 ft. NAVD88 (-17.0 ft. NGVD29) in the preferred position and
along the preferred alignment is critical for the recovery of the extreme northern end of
the Town's shoreline. Therefore, the Town of North Topsail Beach in coordination with
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc., the Town's consultant, and the
USACE and NCDCM, determined to maintain the inlet channel design as presented in
the Draft EIS and dispose of the underlying clay material within the design template on
an upland disposal site located at the junction of the AIWW and New River Inlet (see
Section 6c.: Figure 6).
In order to establish maximum cut depths to avoid and minimize placing incompatible
material on the beach, the channel template was split into five (5) different cuts with
differing bottom of cut elevations (see Section 6c.: Figure 4). All material below these cut
depths down to a bottom of channel depth of -18.0 ft. NAVD88 (-17.0 ft. NGVD29) will
be placed in the above mentioned upland disposal site.
The composite characteristics of the inlet material located within the design cuts to be
disposed of on North Topsail Beach and located above the clay material include a mean
grain size of 0.39 mm, 1.49 phi sorting (poorly sorted), and 1.53% silt. The total volume
of the channel design cut using a side slope of 1:5 is 635,800 cy. Of this volume,
544,400 cy of material is beach compatible and 91,400 cy is incompatible material.
These volumes are based on the 2005 survey of the channel. Given the dynamic nature
of the inlet, these volumes are subject to change.
The 544,400 cy of beach compatible material removed to construct the new channel
would be used during Phase 1 to construct 9,000 ft of the beach fill south of New River
Inlet (baseline stations 1070+00 to 1160+00) (Table 1).
As discussed above, periodic dredging of the inlet channel would be required to maintain
the preferred position and alignment of the ocean bar channel. The material removed
during the maintenance operations will be disposed of along the North and Central
sections of the oceanfront shoreline throughout the 30-year life of the project (see Section
6c.: Figures 5 and 6). Based on estimated shoaling rates in the new channel, the volume
of material to be removed from the channel every four (4) years to maintain the ocean bar
channel position and protect the north end of North Topsail Beach is 627,000 cy.
Consequently, this amount of material, if deposited along the 7.25 mi of shoreline
included in the North and Central Sections (Phases 1 - 4), would provide a sufficient
amount of material to maintain the beach design for storm protection and erosion
mitigation.
The 14-ft NAVD88 dune plan encompasses a total shoreline length of 7.25 mi ft
(USACE baseline station 785+00 to 1160+00) and includes a 1,000 ft transition on the
north end adjacent to New River Inlet (see Section 6c.: Figures 8 - 10). The 14-ft dune
plan includes an artificial dune constructed to an elevation of +14 ft NAVD with a crest
width of 25 ft fronted by a variable width beach berm at elevation +6 ft NAVD. Material
for the initial construction of the 14-ft dune plan in the North and Central sections
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
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(Phases 1 - 4) will be derived from a combination of the offshore borrow area and
realigned inlet channel. The volume needed to construct the 14-ft NAVD feature will be
adjusted based on profile surveys taken immediately prior to construction and field
directions provided by the construction supervisor. The intent of the beach fill design is
to provide a 14-ft NAVD dune along the entire length of the beach in the North and
Central sections (Phases 1 - 4).
The interim beach fill plan for the South section includes 20,320 ft (USACE baseline
stations 581+80 to 785+00) of the Town's oceanfront shoreline with a horizontal berm
constructed to an elevation of +6 ft NAVD. Construction of the interim fill along the
South section would use material from the offshore borrow area (see Section 6c.: Figure
11). The USACE's present schedule for construction of a Federal storm damage
reduction project for the Surf City/North Topsail Beach federal project is November 2014
(G. McIntosh, pers. comm.), which may render this portion of the project unnecessary.
Phase 2 of the project (USACE baseline stations 968+80 to 1070+00) will be constructed
using the offshore borrow source. Within Phase 2 between USACE baseline stations
1020+00 and 1070+00 coarse material from the offshore borrow source will be used to
avoid impacts to nearshore hardbottoms. Phase 3 of the project (USACE baseline
stations 785+00 to 900+00) will be constructed using material from the maintenance of
the Inlet as construction is scheduled to occur four years after initial inlet construction.
At the same time Phase 1 will be re-nourished with the material from the inlet
maintenance that exceeds that needed to construct Phase 3. Phase 4 and 5 of the project
(USACE baseline stations 900+00 to 968+80 and 581+80 to 785+00, respectively) will
be constructed using material from the offshore borrow source.
In its efforts to locate an offshore sand source for the North Topsail Beach Shoreline
Protection Project, CPE-NC conducted an extensive three-phased sand search of the
shoreface off North Topsail Beach. The first phase of the sand search involved
compiling and analyzing historical data that exist for the North Topsail Beach shoreface.
These data were mostly compiled from two datasets. The first data set was developed by
Dr. William J. Cleary and the UNCW Marine Geology Lab and included sidescan
coverage of the shoreface from the southwest end of Onslow Beach southwest to Surf
City from approximately 2.6 - 4.2 mi offshore, including all of North Topsail Beach and
3.0 mi of Surf City. Data from over 100 ground truthing dive sites where bottom
substrate, depth of surface sand, and presence of hardbottom were recorded. The UNCW
data set also include approximately 35 vibracores from offshore North Topsail Beach and
the north end of Surf City. The second data set was developed by the USACE during its
feasibility study for the North Topsail Beach/Surf City Shore Protection Project. These
data included approximately 360 line mi of seismic data, which provided reconnaissance
level coverage of the shoreface from 0.8 - 5.3 mi offshore along the entire length of
North Topsail Beach and Surf City. In addition the USACE collected over 369
vibracores within this same area in an effort to locate sand for the Federal project.
The second phases of the sand search conducted by CPE-NC involved reconnaissance
surveys (jetprobe and geophysical) to ground truth this extensive historical data. The
1, N,'
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
I-J
24
third phase of the sand search included detailed geophysical and vibracore surveys to
accurately map the sand source to be used for the project. In all the three-phased sand
search encompassed approximately 72 square mi (46,080 acres) of the shoreface from
New River Inlet southwest including all of North Topsail Beach and the northern 3.0 mi
of Surf City, from the surf zone out to approximately 5.3 mi offshore.
The offshore borrow area is located between USACE baseline stations 780+00 and
870+00 (approximately 0.4 and 1.6 mi offshore) (see Section 6c.: Figures 2 and 3). A
combination of geotechnical and biological research investigations confirmed the
location of exposed hardbottoms in the nearshore and offshore of North Topsail Beach.
The location of diver verified hardbottom and quality of sand was used to define the
boundaries of the offshore borrow area. A detailed evaluation of the offshore borrow
area is available in Appendix C (Final Geotech Report).
Sand samples collected from sediment layers within the borrow area were analyzed for
composite grain size characteristics (mean grain size, sorting coefficient, silt content, and
shell content). Analysis of the sediment samples conform to the State's technical
standards. Upon locating a secondary incised channel within the relic depression that
comprises the offshore borrow area that contained relatively coarser sand than the rest of
the borrow area, and based on the need for coarse material to employ the point of
intercept concept to avoid impacts to nearshore hardbottoms, the offshore borrow area
was divided into two sections, 1) a 459-acre area with finer grain size (composite mean
grain size of 0.21 mm) containing approximately 6.19 million cy of sand, and 2) a 23-
acre area with coarser material (composite mean grain size of 0.33 mm) containing
approximately 357,000 cy of sand. The total volume available from the offshore Borrow
Area is 6.55 million cy, including both fine and coarse fill. The design of the offshore
borrow area complies with the February 2008 North Carolina State Sediment Criteria
Standards.
Details of the sediment analyses are provided in Appendix C - Final Geotechnical
Report. Approximately 3.23 million cy is needed to nourish 11.1 mi of oceanfront
shoreline under the initial project. The offshore borrow area is broken into 16 different
cuts (areas with different depths to cut to) shown in Figures 12 and 13 (see Section 6c).
Table 2 shows the cut depths, the area, and the acreage for each of the 16 cuts. The
coarse material dredged from New River Inlet and the offshore borrow area will be
placed in the north and central sections in the vicinity of hardbottom outcroppings located
approximately 900 to 1,170 ft offshore of the February-March 2002 mean high water line
(USACE baseline stations 855+00 to 890+00 and 1030+00 to 1075+00). Fill placement
of the coarse material will extend 1000 ft south and 500 ft north beyond the limits of the
shoreline that coincides with the hardbottom edge to account for possible longshore drift
effects (between USACE baseline stations 830+00 to 900+00 and 1020+00 to 1160+00).
This design measure is expected to result in the point-of-intercept (depth of closure)
occurring between 450 and 600 ft landward of the nearshore hardbottom edge. Specific
detailed information regarding how this design measure will be monitored during
construction of the project is provided in Appendix D: Mitigation and Monitoring Plan.
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
25

Table 2. Type of material, cut depth, area, and acreage of
each of the 16 cuts that comprise the offshore borrow area.
Refer to Figure 12 below in sections 6b and 6c.

Cut # TYPE OF
MATERIAL CUT
DEPTH AREA
TZ
ACREAGE
1 Mix -42.0 1117420 25.7
2 Mix -53.5 173515 4
3 Mix -42.0 1200908 27.6
4 Coarse -50.0 657519 15.1
6 Coarse -40.0 329353 7.6
5 Mix -40.0 619688 14.2
7 Mix -46.0 2130910 48.9
8 Mix -43.0 1425890 32.7
9 Mix -45.0 577299 13.3
10 Mix -49.0 768367 17.6
11 Mix 45.0 4999701 114.8
12 Mix -54.0 575791 13.2
13 Mix -44.0 1501838 34.5
14 Mix -47.5 2235835 51.3
15 Mix -47.0 1689119 38.8
16 Mix -46.0 976030 22.4
TOTAL: 20,979,183 481.6
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
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_ ? ... ? ? .1-4 a ? i `? . ? .

APPENDIX D
North Topsail Beach Shoreline Protection Project
Mitigation and Monitoring Plan
Prepared for:
North Topsail Beach, North Carolina
Prepared by:
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
4038 Masonboro Loop Road
Wilmington, NC 28409
September 2009
COASTAL PLANNING & ENGINEERING OF NORTH CAROLINA, INC.
North Topsail Beach Shoreline Protection Project
Mitigation and Monitoring Plan
Table of Contents
AVOIDANCE AND MINIMIZATION ................................................................... .........................1
Point of Intercept Design .............................................................................. .........................1
Sediment Compatibility ................................................................................ .........................3
CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES ...............................................•............................. .........................5
Dredge Positioning ........................................................................................ .........................6
Pipeline Observation ..................................................................................... .........................6
Construction Observations ............................................................................ .........................8
Upland Disposal ............................................................................................ .........................11
CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE .............................................................................. .........................12
MONITORING INITIATIVES ................................................................................ .........................12
Piping Plover (Charadrius melodies), Waterbirds and Other Shorebirds ..... .........................12
Bird Monitoring ................................................................................ .........................12
Purpose and Goals ............................................................................. .........................14
Site Selection .................................................................................... .........................14
Observation Methods ........................................................................ .........................14
Pre-Construction Monitoring Schedule ............................................ .........................16
Mid-Construction Monitoring ........................................................... .........................16
Post-Construction Monitoring Schedule ........................................... .........................16
Reporting ........................................................................................... ............... •.........16
Seabeach Amaranth (Amaranthus pumilus) .................................................. .........................17
Sea Turtles .................................................................................................... ...............•.........17
West Indian Manatee (Trichechus manatus) ................................................ .........................18
Macroinfauna Study (by Dr. Skip Kemp) ..................................................... .........................18
Introduction ....................................................................................... .........................18
Project Goals ..................................................................................... .........................19
Objectives ......................................................................................... ................•........19
Methods ............................................................................................. .........................19
Deliverables ...................................................................................... .........................20
Habitat Change Analysis ............................................................................... .........................21
Purpose and Goals ............................................................................. .........................21
Monitoring Schedule ......................................................................... .........................21
Monitoring Parameters ...................................................................... .........................23
Reporting ........................................................................................... .........................24
Hardbottom Monitoring ................................................................................ .........................24
Research and Development ............................................................... .........................25
Transect Establishment ..................................................................... .........................28
Nearshore Hardbottom Transect Locations ...................................... .........................28
Offshore Hardbottom Transect Locations ........................................ .........................28
Habitat Characterization ................................................................... .........................29
Alternative Approach to Nearshore Habitat Characterization .......... .........................31
Video Documentation ....................................................................... .........................32
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COASTAL PLANNING & ENGINEERING OF NORTH CAROLINA, INC.
Table of Contents (Continued)
Geophysical Survey (Sidescan Sonar Survey) ...........................................................32
Sediment Monitoring .................................................................................................35
Survey Vessel Navigation and Positioning ................................................................35
Beach Profile Surveys ................................................................................................36
Data Management and Reporting ..............................................................................38
Water Quality .........................................................................................................................39
LITERATURE CITED ......................................................................................................................40
List of Figures
Figure No.
1 Graph depicting point of intercept concept .......................................................................2
2 Pipeline Corridor Alternatives ..........................................................................................7
3 Map depicting the proposed upland disposal area ............................................................12
4 Bird Monitoring Areas ......................................................................................................15
5 Proposed area for habitat mapping ...................................................................................22
6 Hardbottom Monitoring Stations ......................................................................................26
7 Sample BEAMR data entry form ......................................................................................31
8 Geophysical Survey Areas ..............................................................................•.................34
9 August 2005 beach profiles by CPE, baseline stations 1000+00 to 1040+00 ..................37
10 August 2005 beach profiles by CPE, baseline stations 1050+00 to 1090+00 ..................38
List of Tables
Table No.
1 Acceptable sediment parameters for point of intercept areas ...............................
2 Mesh Sizes Used for Granularmetric Analysis .....................................................
3 Summary of proposed hardbottom monitoring, including hardbottom transects,
sidescan sonar, and beach profiles ........................................................................
............9
............10
27
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COASTAL PLANNING & ENGINEERING OF NORTH CAROLINA, INC.
The following describes actions and measures incorporated into the design of the
Applicant's Preferred Alternative - Alternative 3 to avoid and nunimize direct, indirect,
and cumulative effects to the natural habitats found within the Permit Area and the
species that utilize them.
AVOIDANCE, MINIMIZATION AND INNOVATIVE DESIGN MEASURES
Earlier channel designs included a connecting channel, extending the ocean bar channel
through New River Inlet and up to Cedar Bush Cut. This channel design was proposed
for obtaining beach compatible material of a coarser grain size. However, the connecting
channel was removed from the design in the early stages of project planning and
development to avoid direct impacts to softbottom communities and potential indirect
impacts to salt marsh, shellfish habitat and unknown submerged aquatic vegetative
communities in the inlet complex.
Point of Intercept Design
The offshore borrow area and beach fill designs were also revised during the early stages
of project planning to avoid impacts to nearshore hardbottom resources. Prior to April
2006, the material from the offshore borrow area was determined to have a mean grain
size very close to the native material. Placement of the same mean grain size material
could result in the material moving offshore during post-nourishment adjustments, which
could potentially impact over 16 acres of nearshore hardbottom resources. During the
April 12, 2006 PDT meeting, CPE presented the point of intercept concept based on a
relationship between the mean grain size of beach material and the equilibrium shape of a
beach fill profile developed by Dr. Robert Dean of the University of Florida and reported
in the Corps of Engineers Coastal Engineering Manual (USAGE, 2002) (see Appendix A
- Final Engineering Report). The equilibrium beach profile concept (perched beach
design) involves designing steeper beach profiles with a higher retention rate of material
in the upper portions of the beach profile by using material with a greater mean grain size
than the native beach sediment.
Figure 1 illustrates the difference the grain size of fill material has on the point in which
the new profile intercepts the existing profile. The red line (Average Existing Profile
(860+00 to 900+00)) represents the current beach profile for the area between USAGE
baseline stations 860+00 and 900+00. Note that the nearshore edge of hardbottom
habitat is located approximately 730 ft offshore of the USACE baseline (blue vertical
line). The profile that would be established if material of equal grain size to that of the
native beach (0.23 mm) were used is represented by the light blue profile (Equilibrated
Beach Profile (Fill = 0.23 mm)). The equilibrated beach profile shows that sand from the
beach would migrate out and. cover portions of the hardbottom habitat. The point of
intercept for this material would be located approximately 1,075 ft offshore the USACE
baseline. The profile that would be established if material of at least 0.33 mm (grain size
of coarse fill in offshore borrow area) were used is represented by the yellow profile
(Equilibrated. Beach Profile) (Fill = 0.33 mm)).
1
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2
COASTAL PLANNING & ENGINEERING OF NORTH CAROLINA, INC.
The point of intercept for this material would. be located approximately 330 ft from the
USACE baseline, which is approximately 400 ft landward of the edge of the hardbottom
habitat. This engineering model will be utilized for those phases that have known
hardbottom resources in the nearshore environment including Phases 1 through 4.
Based on this design concept, Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
(CPENC) evaluated in detail the availability of coarse material in the offshore borrow
area and in the New River Inlet channel for creating intercepting profiles in the nearshore
hardbottom areas. The offshore borrow area was divided into two sections, a finer grain
size area (composite mean grain size of 0.21 mm) containing approximately 6.19 million
cy of material, and a coarser grain size area (composite mean grain size of 0.33 mm)
containing approximately 356,839 cy of material. In the case of the proposed ocean bar
channel at New River Inlet, approximately 544,400 cy (with side slopes) of beach
compatible material with a mean grain size of 0.39 mm was identified. These two
sources, the relatively coarse portion of the offshore borrow area and the material to be
removed from within the proposed ocean bar channel at New River Inlet are coarser than
the native material of 0.23 mm and therefore will allow for the implementation of the
point of intercept concept.
As a result, Alternatives 3 through 6, have been designed to include selective dredging
and placement of coarse fill material to create a perched beach fill design along specific
areas of the beach. Select fill areas located landward of hardbottom outcroppings,
approximately 350 m (1,150 ft) offshore of the February-March 2002 mean high water
line, include the perched beach design. Phase 1, under Alternative 3, which includes the
shoreline between USACE baseline stations 1070+00 to 1160+00, will use coarse
material from the dredging of the proposed ocean bar channel of New River Inlet to
construct a 17 m (57 ft) berm width to avoid coverage of nearshore hardbottom. Phase 2
will involve placing coarse material from the offshore borrow area along the shoreline
between USACE baseline stations 1020+00 to 1070+00. Similarly, a 14.6 m (48 ft) berm
width has been designed for the fill area between USACE baseline stations 840+00 to
900+00 in the Central section, which will receive coarse material from maintenance
dredging of the ocean bar channel at New River Inlet. The result of this design initiative
involves a point-of-intercept (depth of closure) occurring approximately 244 m (800 ft)
landward of the hardbottom edge, thereby avoiding direct impacts to nearshore
hardbottom resources. Placement of the coarse material will extend approximately 300 m
(1,000 ft) north and 150 m (500 ft) south of the shoreline adjacent to hardbottom to
minimize the potential indirect effects from longshore movement of fill material.
Sediment Compatibility
Based. on consultation with the USACE - Wilmington District and the USFWS, the Town
has developed the proposed project with the highest degree of sediment compatibility.
As noted below, the Sediment Criteria Rule, contained. in the Technical Standards for
Beach Fill Projects (15A NCAC 07H .0312), provides beneficial guidelines for both grain
size and percent weigh of calcium carbonate. However, other important characteristics
such as organic content, heavy mineral content, and color are not addressed. These
3
COASTAL PLANNING & ENGINEERING OF NORTH CAROLINA, INC.
aspects of the beach fill will be considered. The monitoring program for sediment as it is
placed on the beach will provide a benefit to the beach invertebrate community and.
would also benefit sea turtle nest constriction and incubation of the eggs.
The North Carolina Coastal Resources Commission adopted new State Sediment Criteria
Rule Language for borrow material aimed at preventing the disposal of an inordinate
amount of coarse material (primarily shell and shell hash) on the beach (NCDCM, 2008).
The rule limits the amount of material in the borrow area with a diameter equal to or
greater than 4.76 mm and less than 76.00 mm (gravel) to no more than 5% above that
which exists on the native beach. Also, the percent of the borrow material by weight
between 4.76 nun and 2.0 mm (Granular) cannot exceed the native by more than 5%. In
the case of North Topsail Beach, which has an average gravel content of 0.43% and an
average granular content of 1.07 mm, the upper limit of gravel and granular that could be
placed on the beach is 5.43% and 6.07%, respectively. The rule also limits the amount of
silt (sediment size equal to or less than 0.0625 mm) to 5% above the native beach
material. Based on a native silt average of 1.56% at North Topsail Beach, the allowable
silt content of material to be placed on the beach is 6.56%. Finally, the State Sediment
Criteria Rule Language limits calcium carbonate to no more than 15% above that of the
native beach. Based on a native calcium carbonate percentage of 25.83%, the allowable
calcium carbonate % of material to be placed on the beach would be limited to 40.83%.
The new rule language has been adhered to during the planning and development of the
North Topsail Beach Shoreline Protection Project, which reduces the potential for
negative effects of beach nourishment (See Appendix C - Final Geotech Report).
As a result of sediment compliance efforts, compaction of fill material on the beach is
less likely to occur due to the lower silt content or hardening of the beach due to high
shell and/or carbonates. Compaction of fill could impact the ability of sea turtles to dig
and nest along the nourished beach, resulting in an increase in false crawls. Also,
macroinfauna indicative of a healthy benthic community depend upon variable particle
sizes and available interstitial pore space in the substrate for aeration properties.
Compaction of the fill material could impact resident macroinfaunal populations thereby
affecting the migratory and resident shorebirds, waterbirds, as well as the commercially
and recreationally important fish that depend upon them.
Following construction of each phase of the proposed project, compaction of placed fill
material will be inspected by the Town of North Topsail Beach in coordination with State
and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services (USFWS). Compaction monitoring will begin after
the material has been graded and dressed to the final slope and a period of time will be
allowed for finer particles to be washed away and final settling of the material to occur
prior to compaction monitoring. All compaction monitoring will be completed in time to
allow for remedial actions to be completed prior to May 1 of each year. If it is
determined that tilling is necessary to reduce compaction based on consultation with the
appropriate agencies, the contractor will till the beach to a minimum depth of 36 inches
throughout the constructed portion of the beach to loosen the compaction of the placed
material. Beach tilling will only be performed as a result of an identified compaction
4
COASTAL PLANNING & ENGINEERING OF NORTH CAROLINA, INC.
problem based on agency consultation. Beach compaction monitoring and, if necessary,
tilling would ensure that project impacts on sea turtle nesting are minimized.
Although the State rules do not make any reference to compatibility with regards to color,
native and borrow area color values were recorded and compiled during field
investigations. Native beach composite colors referenced to the Munsell Soil Color Chart
(1994) were determined to be gray to grayish brown with a value of 5.4 for wet sand and
light gray with a value of 7.0 for dry sand. Borrow area composite colors referenced to
the Munsell Soil Color Chart (1994) were determined to be dark gray to olive gray with a
value of 4.6 for wet sand and gray to light olive gray with a value of 6.3 for dry sand.
This resemblance in color between native and fill material will minimize the risk of
changing the natural incubation temperature of sea turtle nests in the nourished area.
CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES
A hydraulic cutterhead is proposed for dredging in the offshore borrow area and in the re-
aligned ocean bar channel at New River Inlet. A cutterhead dredge uses a rotating cutter
assembly at the end of a ladder arm to excavate bottom material, which is then drawn into
the suction arm and pumped to the shoreline. On the beach, pipelines will transport the
sediment to the designated beach fill area. Bulldozers will be used to construct seaward
shore parallel dikes to contain the material on the beach, and to shape the beach to the
appropriate construction cross-section template. During construction, the contractor will
utilize surveying techniques for compliance with the designed berm width, height, and
slope.
Compared to similar types of dredging methodologies, a cutterhead dredge creates
minimal disturbance to the seafloor resulting in lower sedimentation and turbidity levels.
Anchor (2003) conducted a literature review of suspended sediments from dredging
activities. This report concluded that the use of a hydraulic dredge (i.e., cutter suction)
limits the possibilities for re-suspension of sediment to the point of extraction. Also,
since the sediment is suctioned into the dredge head, the sediment cannot directly enter
into the middle or upper water column.
No incidences of sea turtle takes from a hydraulic dredge have been identified during the
research and development of this document. Therefore, the use and methods involved
with this type of machinery reduces or eliminates the likelihood of an incidental take.
Visual surveys of escarpments will be made along the beach fill area immediately after
completion of construction, and at three-month intervals for three years following
completion of construction. Escarpments in the newly placed beach fill that exceed 18
inches for greater than 100 ft shall be graded to match adjacent grades on the beach.
Removal of any escarpments during the sea turtle hatching season (May 1 through
November 15) shall be coordinated with the North Carolina Wildlife Resources
Commission (NCWRC), USFWS, and the USACE - Wilmington District.
5
COASTAL PLANNING & ENGINEERING OF NORTH CAROLINA, INC.
Additionally, construction practices will adhere to the 2003 Guidelines for Avoiding
Impacts to the West Indian Manatee - Precautionary Measures for Constriction
Activities in North Carolina as described below.
Dredge Positioning
DREDGEPAK® or similar navigation and positioning software will be used by the
contractor to accurately track the dredge location in relation to the hardbottom buffer
protection zones. The software will provide real-time dredge positioning and digging
functions to allow color display of dredge shape, physical feature data as found in
background. Computer Aided Design (CAD) charts and color contour matrix files from
hydrographic data collection software described above on a leveroom Cathode Ray Tube
(CRT) display. The software shall also provide a display of theoretical volume quantities
removed during actual dredging operations.
Dredge anchors shall not be placed any further than 61 in (200 ft) from the edge of the
borrow area. The dredge contractor will be required to verify the location of the anchors
with real time positioning each and every time the anchors are relocated.
Pipeline Observations
Four pipeline corridors have been selected for the placement of the submerged pipeline
during dredging operations from the borrow area (Figure 2). The 60 in (200 ft) wide
corridors were selected to avoid impacts to hardbottom resources identified from sidescan
sonar surveys and diver groundtruthing surveys conducted off North Topsail Beach. All
four corridors are positioned approximately 137 in (450 ft) or greater from the edge of
hardbottom resources. In the event that future surveys or investigations indicate
hardbottom resources in pipeline corridors, the corridor will be adjusted to avoid impacts
to these resources to the greatest extent practical. In order to minimize adverse impact on
wintering piping plover, the pipeline alignment was designed to also avoid potential
piping plover wintering habitat. The alignment will be coordinated with, and approved
by, the NCWRC.
In order to avoid adverse impacts associated with the transport of fill material to the
disposal sites, the Town of North Topsail Beach will negotiate with the dredging
contractor to monitor and assess the pipeline during each construction phase. This will
serve to avoid leaking of sediment material from the pipeline couplings, other equipment,
or other pipeline leaks that may result in sediment plumes, siltation and/or elevated
turbidity levels. The Town of North Topsail Beach along with their Engineer will
coordinate with the dredgers and have in place a mechanism to cease dredge and fill
activities in the event that a substantial leak is detected (leaks resulting in turbidity that
exceed state water quality standards or sedimentation). Operations may resume upon
appropriate repair of affected couplings or other equipment.
6
COASTAL PLANNING & ENGINEERING OF NORTH CAROLINA, INC.

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Construction Observations
Several initiatives will be undertaken by the Town, the Engineer, or his duly authorized
representative to monitor construction practices. Construction observation and contract
administration will be periodically performed 7 days a week, approximately 12 hours a
day during periods of active construction. Most observations will be during daylight
hours; however, random nighttime observations may be conducted. The Town, and in
some cases, the Engineer will provide onsite observation by an individual with training
or experience in beach nourishment and construction observation and testing, and that is
knowledgeable of the project design and permit conditions. The project manager, a
coastal engineer, will coordinate with the field observer. Multiple daily observations of
the pumpout location will be made by the Town, the Engineer, or his duly authorized
representative for QA/QC of the material being placed on the beach.
Specific protocol will be in place during the initial dredging of the ocean bar channel at
New River Inlet to determine if clay is being placed on the beach and to alter dredge
practices to prevent any additional clay from being dredged. These protocols will include
coordination of Town observers and the contractor to alter dredge and fill activities if
incompatible material is observed to be dredged and. placed on the beach. If incompatible
material is placed on the beach, the USACE and appropriate resource agencies will be
contacted immediately. Incompatible sediments will be removed from the beach by the
contractor.
During construction of portions of the shoreline where coarse material will be placed to
implement the point of intercept concept, regular sediment monitoring will be conducted.
The Town, the Engineer, or their duly authorized representative, will collect a
representative sub-surface (6 in below grade) grab sediment sample from each 100-ft
long (along the shoreline) section of the constructed beach to visually assess grain size,
wet Munsell color, granular, gravel, and silt content. Each sample will be archived with
the date, time, and location of the sample. Samples will be collected once each day (as
needed to achieve 100 ft intervals) during beach observations, which occur during
daylight hours, with occasional night time observations. The sample will be visually
compared to the acceptable sand criteria (Table 1). If determined. necessary by the
Engineer, or his duly authorized representative, quantitative assessments of the sand will
be conducted for grain size, wet Munsell color, and content of gravel, granular and silt.
A record of these sand evaluations will be provided within the Engineer's daily
inspection reports. All samples will be stored by the Engineer or the Town for 60 days
after project completion.
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
Table 1 - Acceptable sediment parameters for point of intercept areas
Sediment Parameters Acceptable Values
Mean Grain Size (1) 0.28 mm to 1.72 mm
Maximum Carbonate Percentage (2) 41%
Maximum Silt Percentage (2) 6.50%
Maximum Granular Percentage (2) 6.07%
Maximum Gravel Percentage (2) 5.43%
iNote: (1) Mean grain size is detennined using sieves in Table 2
(2) Based off of native beach sampling and allowable State levels.
Upon completion of a pay section which includes a USACE baseline monument (i.e.
every 1000 ft (900+00, 910+00, 920+00, etc.), the Town, the Engineer, or his duly
authorized representative, will collect a representative sub-surface (6 in below grade)
sand sample from the berm at each USACE baseline beach profile line to quantitatively
assess the grain size, wet Munsell color, and content of granular, grave, and silt for
compliance. Sieve analyses are conducted in accordance with American Society for
Testing and Materials Standard Materials Designation D422-63 for particle size analysis
of soils (ASTM, 2004) using the sieve set listed in Table 2. The above testing procedures
will also be utilized for the samples collected according to section D.8.a., which the
Engineer determines do not comply with the requirements outlined in Table 1. The Town
or Engineer will submit sediment testing results to the USACE - Wilmington District
within 24 hours of analysis.
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Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
Table 2 - Mesh Sizes Used for Granularmetric Analysis
SIEVE SIZE SIZE
No phi (mm)
3/4 -4.25 19,00
5/8 -4-0 1600
7/16 -3-5 11 20
5/16 -3-0 8-00
3 1/2 5 160
4 -7 25 4-75
5 -2-0 4.00
7 -1.5 2.80
0 -1.0 100
14 -0.5 1.40
is 0-0 1.00
25 0.5 0.71
35 1-0 0-50
45 1.5 0.36
60 2-0 025
80 2.5 0.18
1120 3-0 0-13
170 3 5 0-09
200 335 0-08
230 4.0 0.06
The same procedure as described above will be conducted during construction of all other
portions of the beach fill; however, no quantitative sediment analysis will be required.
Acceptable grain size for all other portions of the beach fill are between 0.13 mm and
0.40 inm. Daily observations of grain size, color, shell content, granular content and
gravel content of placed material will be performed at 100 linear ft increment. An
attempt to visually estimate the silt content will be made. If the fill material appears to
have more than 5% silt, a sample will be collected and sediment analysis conducted.
During construction of portions of the shoreline where coarse material will be placed to
implement the point of intercept concept, sediment samples will be collected from newly
constructed areas and sediment analysis will be conducted. Samples will be collected and
analyzed three times per week and will be reported to the USACE - Wilmington District
within 24 hours of analysis and 48 hours of collection. Sediment analysis will include
mechanical sieve analysis to determine the mean grain size of the material, wet and dry
color determination referenced to the Munsell Soil Color Chart, percent silt, percent
granular, and percent gravel. During construction of all other portions of the beach fill,
daily observations of grain size, color, shell content, granular content and gravel content
of placed material will be performed. An attempt to visually estimate the silt content will
be made. If the fill material appears to have more than 5% silt, a sample will be collected
and sediment analysis conducted.
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Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
Upland Disposal
As previously stated, it has been determined that incompatible material within the
designed template of the proposed ocean bar channel exists below a layer of beach
quality material. Dredge cuts have been designed and monitoring protocol will be in-
place to avoid placement of this material on the beach. The Town will work with the
dredge contractor to dispose of the incompatible material on the dredge disposal island
located at the junction of the AIWW and Cedar Bush Cut (Figure 3). A dike will be
constructed around the portion of the disposal site where material is to be placed with an
approximate elevation of +30' NAVD88. The Town will work with the dredge
contractor to put in place protocol to assure that water flowing back into the AIWW via
the outfall pipe will meet state water quality standards.
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CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE
Dredging of the ocean bar channel at New River Inlet and nourishment of North Topsail
Beach with dredged material from the ocean bar channel and offshore borrow area are
scheduled to occur between November 160' and March 31". The timing of construction
activities was specifically scheduled to occur outside of the sea turtle nesting season, the
West Indian manatee summer occurrence in North Carolina, the piping plover (and other
shorebirds) migratory and breeding seasons, and the seabeach amaranth flowering period.
Also, sand placement and dredge operation conducted outside of primary invertebrate
production and recruitment periods (spring and fall) limit impacts to amphipods,
polychaetes, crabs and clams.
MONITORING INITIATIVES
Several monitoring initiatives are either currently in-place or have been proposed for the
North Topsail Beach Shoreline Protection Project. A description of existing and
proposed monitoring initiatives is included below.
Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus), Colonial Waterbirds and Other Shorebirds
The Marine Corps Base at Camp Leieune (MCB) has been conducting bi-weekly
monitoring of shorebirds on Onslow Beach since 2000. Beginning in April, and
throughout nesting season, monitoring intensifies. If piping plovers are observed during
nesting season, the surveyors will monitor for signs of breeding behaviors. To date, one
piping plover nest has been observed on Onslow Beach (K. Ray, pers. comm.). In the
event that a nest is located within or outside of the military zone, appropriate protective
measures will be implemented. These protective measures may include post and rope
with signage indicating that threatened species nests are present. Additionally, off-road
recreational vehicle (ORRV) beach access is restricted to the south end of Onslow Beach
between April 1 and August 31 (USMC, 2006).
A pre-construction bird monitoring plan has been developed, approved by NCWRC and
the USACE - Wilmington District, and implemented by CPENC. Pre-construction
monitoring included habitat along the inlet shorelines, the north end of North Topsail
Beach and the south end of Onslow Beach, as well as the intertidal shoals and open-water
areas within New River Inlet. The Plan includes monitoring of piping plover, waterbirds,
colonial waterbirds and other shorebirds before, during and after construction. These
monitoring efforts will occur within the inlet complex to provide information on bird
habitat utilization within the Permit Area.
Bird Monitoring: The Bird Monitoring Plan, similar to what was conducted by NCWRC
for the Bogue Inlet Erosion Response Project, has been developed and implemented to
collect observational, habitat use, and nesting data of the federally listed piping plover,
other shorebirds, waterbirds and colonial waterbirds that may utilize the New River Inlet
complex. Piping plovers have been observed using the New River Inlet area during
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Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
migration and winter, though they have not bred there for about 12 years prior to 2009
(Cameron, pers. comm.).
Purpose and Goals: The Bird Monitoring Plan has been developed in support of the
Final Environmental Impact Statement currently being prepared for the North Topsail
Beach Shoreline Protection Project. This plan is intended to provide information on
indigenous and migratory bird species found nesting, roosting, and foraging along the
inlet shorelines and shoal areas of New River Inlet. Data obtained from the bird surveys
will determine positive and/or negative effects from the inlet channel relocation efforts to
breeding, migrating and wintering birds utilizing the inlet complex.
Site Selection: Bird monitoring areas were selected based on potential direct and
indirect effects to the intertidal and beach habitats within New River Inlet as a result of
the ocean bar channel relocation efforts and the nourishment of Phase 1. The Permit
Area boundaries identified within the Inlet assisted in determining the extent of the
transect areas, which are presented in Figure 4 and described as follows: Transect No. 1
Riverside of North Topsail Beach inlet shoreline beginning at River Road; Transect No. 2
Oceanside of North Topsail Beach inlet shoreline beginning at the southeastern end of
Topsail Reefs Condominiums and ending at River Road; Transect No. 3 Onslow Beach
inlet shoreline extending approximately 1,060 m (3,500 ft) to the northeast; Transect No.
4 shoal formations approximately 609 m (2,000 ft) north of inlet mouth; and Transect
Nos. 5a and 5b subtidal habitat of New River Inlet and oceanfront surf zones of Transects
2and3.
Observation Methods: Species observations will be conducted with the use of a
spotting scope and binoculars to identify nesting, roosting, foraging, territory
establishment, courtship and copulating activities within the transect areas. Observations
of breeding sites and nesting pair counts will be included as part of the report
documentation, as well as observations and recording of eggs, chicks and fledged
individuals.
A standardized field data form will be used for documenting bird species use and habitat
dependence in the monitored areas. The number of species and their associated activities
will be accounted for in each of the surveyed habitats. The following will also apply:
- Species flying overhead of a surveyed habitat will be reported as flying;
- Birds observed as diving or floating in the nearshore will be reported as utilizing
surf zone habitat;
- Banding combinations identified on species of shorebirds and colonial waterbirds,
including piping plovers, will be recorded. in the notes column to assist in
identifying population migration patterns;
- Species observations along the dry beach habitat of the inlet shorelines will
extend up to the landward edge of the frontal dune or edge of vegetation,
whichever comes first; and
- Bird species observed, but not currently listed as a species will be identified and
accounted for under "Other Species".
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Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
Figure 4 - Bird Monitoring Areas
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Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
Field observations will be conducted during daylight hours. Pre-construction surveys occurred
primarily during high tide for each event, based upon recommendations by NCWRC, with a
minimum of one low tide survey per month. Only one high tide survey event was required for
the winter months (December, January, and February). Post-construction surveys will be
conducted in the same fashion as pre-constriction to maintain consistency.
Observations along narrow beach habitats will be conducted by walking along the beach. Wider,
open areas such as washover habitats will involve walking in a zigzag pattern to observe all birds
utilizing the area. Mixed flocks of roosting shorebirds will be surveyed so that all species are
accounted for. Surveys will not be conducted during inclement weather conditions (high winds
> 20 mph, heavy rains, and/or below freezing conditions). A boat may be used for accessing
shoal transect areas and inlet habitats. The use of ATV's or similar vehicles will not be used on
the beach during surveys.
Observation survey areas will adjust to changing conditions (e.g. erosion, accretion). A
handheld GPS unit with WAAS capabilities and an accuracy of <3 m will be used during data
collection for mapping limits of transect areas. The mapped areas will be used to calculate
relative abundance.
Pre-Construction Monitoring Schedule: Pre-construction monitoring began in November
2007 and. ended. in May 2009. Monitoring efforts were consistent with the piping plover
breeding season, as well as the spring and fall migration periods. Pre-construction monitoring
was conducted approximately every 10 days during spring migration (March 1 to April 30);
approximately every 15 days during breeding season (May 1 to July 13); and approximately
every 10 days during fall migration (July 14 to November 30). Monitoring during the wintering
season (December through February) occurred on a monthly basis during high tide.
Mid-Construction Monitoring: A weekly bird monitoring schedule is proposed to occur
during construction activities.
Post-Construction Monitoring Schedule: The monitoring frequency will return to the pre-
construction schedule as soon as all construction equipment has been demobilized from the
project area. In the event that the phased construction approach is applied to the project
(Alternative 3), post-construction monitoring efforts will be reviewed and coordinated with the
USACE, NCDCM and NCWRC. The length of post-construction monitoring will be dependent
on the review the data by the USACE, NCDCM, and NCWRC.
Reporting: Bird data sheets will be provided by electronic mail along with an annual report.
The annual report will include species richness and abundance analyses for shorebirds and
waterbirds. Reports will be prepared and distributed to the USACE, USFWS, NCDCM, and
NCWRC within 90 days after the end of the monitoring year.
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Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
Seabeach Amaranth (Amarauthus pumilus)
Seabeach amaranth is currently monitored by the MCB along the southern end of Onslow Beach.
No known seabeach amaranth field surveys have been conducted on North Topsail Beach.
Surveys conducted on Onslow Beach commence in late June and include the upper beach
between the wrack line and primary dune line, and all overwash flats. Surveys are completed by
two to five personnel on foot. Plants are counted and recorded, and GPS coordinates data are
collected to mark population clusters. Once discovered, seabeach amaranth sites are designated
by signs to prohibit military, motorized vehicle and pedestrian traffic from disturbing the plants.
Post and rope is also used to mark potential habitat on overwash flats and restrict access to
vehicular traffic (USMC, 2006). Other threatened species that utilize these same habitats will
benefit from the protective and restrictive measures implemented by the USMC.
Sea Turtles
For more than 10 years the Karen Beasley Sea Turtle Rescue and Rehabilitation Center has
managed the Topsail Island sea turtle monitoring program. Monitoring includes morning
surveys of the beach during nesting season (May through August); identifying and documenting
sea turtle tracks and nests (KBSTRRC, 2006). Monitoring is conducted by the Topsail Island
Volunteer Organization, whose activities are coordinated under the North Carolina Wildlife
Resource Commission Sea Turtle Project. Monitoring efforts also include posting or relocation
of nests as needed.
Along Onslow Beach, the MCB has been monitoring approximately 11 miles of Onslow Beach
since 1979. Camp Lejeune personnel and/or volunteers perform annual night and morning
surveys from mid-May through August, documenting the location and number of sea turtle
crawls, recording individual size data, and allowing for immediate protection of sea turtle nests
(posting or relocation). Any nests discovered in the designated military training portion of
Onslow Beach, or nests laid below the mean high tide line, are eligible for nest relocation. Nests
are checked for hatchling emergence or predation, and hatchling tracks are documented to
estimate hatchling success (USMC, 2006).
Monitoring and tracking of sea turtles along Topsail Island and Onslow Beach are expected to
continue during the life of the project. These efforts will assist in identifying whether project
related activities are affecting sea turtle nesting populations. However, as a result of the posting
and relocation efforts, impacts to sea turtles from project activities are not anticipated.
Additionally, escarpments can prevent sea turtles from accessing the dry beach and cause the
female to return to the water without nesting. Visual surveys of escarpments along the project
area will be made after completion of project construction. An elevation exceeding 45 cm (18
inches) may require remedial measures to eliminate or minimize escarpments.
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Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
West Indian Manatee (Trichechus manatus)
The West Indian manatee can be found in shallow waters (1.5 to 6.1 m) [5 to 20 ft]) of varying
salinity levels including coastal bays, lagoons, estuaries and inland river systems. T. manatus
have been recorded in North Carolina and are most likely to occur from June through October
when water temperatures are warmest (temperatures above 23.9°C (75°F)) (Schwartz, 1995;
USFWS, 2006f; USFWS, 2001b). According to the USMC, a dead manatee was found in the
New River in January 2004. Although the manatee is not expected to be present during dredge
and fill operations, the contractor will adhere to the precautionary guidelines established by the
USFWS - Raleigh Office for construction activities in North Carolina waters. Refer to the
Guidelines for Avoiding Impacts to the West Indian Manatee.
West Indian manatees rely on submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) as a food source. Aerial
imagery analysis conducted pre- and post-construction will be used to monitor any changes in
SAV distribution. Aerial imagery will be collected in accordance with NOAA's Coastal
Services Center 2001 Guidance for Benthic Habitat Mapping - An Aerial Photographic
Approach (U.S. NOAA Coastal Services Center, 2001). Aerial photographs include the
acquisition of ortho-rectified color digital imagery of the Pen-nit Area. Resolution of the
acquired imagery will be sufficient (<0.6 in [2 ft]) to accurately delineate and map habitats and
features of environmental significance within the survey area. An emphasis will be placed on
those marine and estuarine habitats located immediately within and adjacent to the Permit Area.
The aerial platform from which the imagery is acquired will include an onboard Global
Positioning System (GPS) that will provide an accurate basis for product correction.
Macroinfauna
Some macroinfaunal species may be sensitive to physical and chemical changes in water quality
and, therefore, may be useful as bioindicators of a wide range of natural and anthropogenic
stresses. It is known that benthic communities can withstand some burial and invertebrate
populations will recover within weeks or months with the use of high quality beach fill material
and the appropriate timing of placement. Short term, long term, and cumulative impacts of the
proposed project on invertebrate populations are unclear. A monitoring plan or research
initiative for the evaluation of oceanfront shoreline infaunal communities as described below is
currently under consideration. This macroinfauna research study was developed and will be
implemented by Dr. Skip Kemp of Carteret Community College.
Introduction: The proposed initiative follows a 2-year project with the Town of Emerald Isle,
which examined the feasibility of harvesting, holding and propagating Donax spp. for resource
enhancement aquaculture. That project concluded with four important results:
1. The most efficient sieve size and depth for harvesting Donax was 3-mm square mesh and
2-centimeters respectively.
2. Environmental (summer) and behavioral (patchy aggregations) parameters were
important guidelines for improving the numbers of Donax harvested.
3. The best management practice for long-term holding of Donax was determined to be
upwellers with high flow rates, high densities and raw seawater.
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Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
4. Aquaculture propagation was initiated for Donax with development of photographic
gonad development indices and use of environmental manipulation to achieve spawning.
Project Goals: The overall goal of this project is to examine the feasibility of replanting Donax
for resource enhancement following beach nourishment.
Objectives: The objectives of this initiative are three fold.
1. Direct transplants of Donax from pre-nourished to post-nourished beach
2. Collection and holding of Donax when most seasonally available for replanting to post-
nourished beach in a designed experiment.
3. Attempt to assess recruitment of juvenile Donax to planted areas and control areas.
Methods:
Harvest: To improve the quantities of clams harvested by our hand-harvesting methods, we
will design, construct, and test devices for the purpose of mechanically harvesting large
numbers of Donax. We will adapt our prototype handle-pulled harvester and other
commercially available designs as prototypes for developing a lightweight portable device
that can be transported and actuated with a typical 4-wheel drive ATV or small rental tractor.
The device will direct an adjustable layer of beach substrate with Donax into a detachable
harvest container or into a vibration sieve separator. The separator was successfully tested
during the previous project. Several prototype devices will be built and tested during the
summer before beach nourishment for use during the actual nourishment project. We will
compare the catch rates per unit effort of mechanical gear with that of the typical hand-
harvest methods using project labor but also by engaging the CCC aquaculture practicum
class on several occasions. In addition we will recruit help from environmentally
conscientious groups such as PenderWatch and the Boy Scouts. This was used successfully
in the previous project and adds a community education and conservation element to the
project.
Mark: To improve estimates of survival from recaptures we will test several markers for
released clams. Marked clams will be dyed, painted or etched to determine the most effective
and feasible large-scale tag-and-release marker. This will also utilize the CCC aquaculture
students and others such as the CCC Science club because the work load is expected to be
high for this task. This will create another opportunity for community involvement and
education.
Move: Donax collected in the summer when seasonally most abundant will be moved to the
CCC aquaculture facility and held in special purpose upwellers until the time for replanting.
The facility will be outfitted with a redundant submersible pump system and pipes to handle
the increased water supply needs. Large upweller containers will be built and fitted to
existing tanks. Clams collected during the beach nourishment project will be moved directly
from the pre-nourished to the post-nourished beach.
Replant: Donax will be marked and released in several areas of post-nourished beach and
will be recaptured using standard 4-1inch diameter core-sampling device to determine the
survival of clams. Replants will be released at high and low densities, to be determined and
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Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
prorated based on actual harvested numbers, in test plots and recaptured methodically and
over a given time frame beginning immediately after release and extending over an adequate
time frame to determine the difficulty and degree of recapture. Replants of Donax clams will
be conducted in winter during the nourishment project as well as in spring when waters are
warming and spawning commences. GPS will be used to identify the general locations of
planted plots and identifier stakes will be employed as temporary marks of the exact
deployment site.
Follow: Plots of released clams will be sampled over an extended time frame to attempt to
estimate long-term survival rates. Recaptures will be removed from the experiment and used
in future deployments. A recapture grid will be constructed and a system for labeling the
locations and numbers of recaptures will be used to estimate survival rates.
Recruit: To increase the recruitment of juvenile Donax to newly nourished beaches is of
course the greatest interest and the ultimate goal of the project. It is also likely the most
difficult to determine conclusively. Consequently a large amount of effort will be devoted to
determining the numbers and sizes of juvenile Donax before and after the deployment of
clams in planted and control areas. Additionally, the abundance of adults will be assessed as
an indicator of spawner biomass. Numbers and sizes of juvenile clams caught will be
compared between the months prior to deployment of replanted plots and the months after
deployment in and around both treatment and control areas. Because Donax typically spawn
in the spring we will deploy a significant amount of effort during the time shortly after the
spawning season.
Prepare: The CCC Aquaculture facility will be outfitted with a redundant system of
submersible pumps, pipes and upwellers that can handle large numbers of clams and
increased demand on the system. A project operator and interns will be employed to conduct
the project and to keep the CCC aquaculture facility maintained and functional. Harvesters
and sampling gear will be designed and fabrication will begin. Testing of harvester designs
will commence. Required materials and equipment will be purchased and employed in a
timely manner to insure the successful execution of the project.
Deliverables: Deliverables for the project will include all Donax harvested, which will be
released to the nourishment project site. In addition to timely progress reports, a final
interpretive report will also be provided. This initiative may also result in the presentation of the
results at aquaculture conferences as well as the submission of the research to peer-reviewed
journals.
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Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
Habitat Change Analysis
Purpose and Goals: It is anticipated that the implementation of inlet management portion of the
proposed project has the potential to impact a number of biological resources found within the
proposed Permit Area. These include resources such as submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV),
shellfish habitat, salt marsh and fringing terrestrial communities found within the supratidal,
intertidal, and subtidal habitats. Determining the baseline conditions of these resources prior to
construction is a fundamental step in quantifying changes in response to the implementation of
the inlet management plan. Existing data and newly acquired data will be utilized to delineate
and characterize habitats and select species within the proposed Permit Area. Data gathered
from these activities will provide the baseline conditions. The purpose of this baseline habitat
mapping effort is to identify the current extent of the biological resources within the area prior to
the construction of the ocean bar channel and will serve as the baseline assessment of these
resources. Subsequent habitat mapping efforts will be utilized to assess the extent of change to
these habitats following construction activities. This plan was developed in response to the
concerns expressed by the USAGE, USFWS, NMFS and the NCDENR.
Monitoring Schedule: Several sets of pre-project high resolution color aerial photographs are
available by the USACE including those taken in April 2006 and June 2008. Pre-construction
photographic interpretation of biotic communities and groundtruthing investigations within the
Proposed Habitat Mapping Area (Figure 5) will be completed prior to construction of Phase 1.
The acquisition of high resolution aerial photographs, ground-truth investigations, and
identification of biotic communities will be conducted within the Proposed Habitat Mapping
Area between 1 September and 30 November in the 4 years following construction of the ocean
bar channel. All surveys will be compared to the pre-construction conditions (November 2010).
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Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
Figure 5 - Proposed area for habitat mapping
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Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
Monitoring Parameters:
Aerial Photography: Cartographic aerial photography will include the acquisition of
ortho-rectified color digital imagery of the 1,120 acre proposed habitat mapping area.
Resolution of the acquired imagery will be sufficient to accurately delineate and map
habitats and features of environmental significance within the survey area. An
emphasis will be placed. on those marine and estuarine habitats located in or near the
proposed ocean bar channel. The aerial platform from which the imagery is acquired
will have an onboard GPS that will provide an accurate basis for product correction.
NMFS will be consulted regarding the performance specifications on the imagery
prior to finalizing the plan by the Town and authorizing a contract.
In compliance with State and Federal agency requests, digital image acquisition will
be scheduled, to the greatest extent possible; to coincide with good weather
conditions and an ebb tide that may provide for increased accuracy of habitat
interpretation. Considering the weather-dependent nature of this activity, every effort
will be made to accomplish this task under optimum conditions.
Submerged Aquatic Vegetation: Resource maps depicting SAV communities along
coastal North Carolina do not show SAV communities occurring within the Permit
Area or vicinity of the ocean bar channel in New River Inlet. CPE's coordination
with the NCDMF confirmed the absence of SAV in the area based on limited field
investigations (A. Deaton, pers. comm.). However, recent aerial photography has
indicated a potential for SAV and/or oyster shell habitat to occur in the vicinity of the
upland disposal area located at the junction of the AIWW and New River Inlet. The
pre-construction habitat change analysis and field investigations will confirm the
presence/absence of this habitat type.
In order to verify these initial observations, the absence of SAV resources within the
Habitat Mapping Area will be confirmed using visual observations in shallow water
and snorkeling in waters where the vegetation and/or bottom are not visible due to
decreased water clarity. GPS will be used to ascertain the general limits of any
identified SAV occurrences.
Shellfish Resources: The NCDMF Shellfish Mapping Program has mapped the
general location of shellfish habitats, and have identified strata W (intertidal hard,
non-vegetated, with shell) and strata V (intertidal hard, vegetated without shell) in
and around the New River Inlet where oysters (Crassostrea virginica) and hard clams
(Mercenaria mercenaria) can be found (C. Caroon, pers. comm.; B. Conrad, pers.
comm.). Benthic habitat surveys within this area were conducted in 1991 and 1992
by the NCDMF (C. Conrad, pers. comm.). While the 1992 data does not confirm the
absence of shellfish in the Permit Area, it does confirm that none were found at the
time of sampling and. that most of the Permit Area is absent of potential shellfish
habitat.
23
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
In order to verify these initial observations, the location and extent of shellfish
resources within the Habitat Mapping Area will be determined using visual
observations in shallow water and snorkeling in waters where the vegetation and/or
bottom are not visible due to decreased water clarity. GPS will be used to ascertain
the general limits of any identified shellfish resources.
Salt Marsh and. Terrestrial Fringing Communities: Visual interpretations of salt
marsh and terrestrial fringing communities will be digitally mapped using GIS
software over high resolution georeferenced digital multispectral aerial photographs.
The methods employed for interpretation of aerial photography included visual
analysis of color variations in the photographs to delineate habitats (dark areas =
submerged land; white areas = sediment exposed above high tide line). Resolution of
this imagery (< 2 feet) allowed for adequate delineation of the habitats and features
within the Habitat Mapping Area. Following the development of the preliminary
biotic community mapping within this domain via visual interpretation, field
investigations will be conducted to groundtruth the initial delineations. Sites selected
for groundtruthing will be determined by identifying areas that are difficult to classify
from the aerial photography. These locations will be visited via boat and the biotic
community type (as identified through aerial photographic interpretation) was then
verified. Based on the results of the field investigations, the preliminary habitat snap
will revised as necessary and acreages will be determined.
Reporting: The final product to be delivered is a biotic community map of the Habitat
Mapping Area based upon rectified (geo-referenced) mosaic images. Results of the
mapping efforts will be incorporated into the Global Information System (GIS) database
developed for this project. Acreages of each habitat type present within the permit area
will be provided in a report to the USACE -Wilmington District, NMFS, NCWRC, and
NCDCM.
Hardbottom Monitoring
Natural resources in the nearshore and offshore zones of the Permit Area have been
mapped by CPE professionals using side-scan sonar investigations and diver verification
in an effort to avoid and minimize potential impacts to these resources. Included is an
analysis of existing literature and information that provides the rationale for establishing
a buffer zone limit of 121.9 in (400 ft) for all hardbottom resources in the Permit Area.
The 121.9 in (400 ft) limit is less than the State standard of 500 m (1,640 ft) (15A NCAC
07H. 0208(b)(12)(A)(iv)). However, based on over 40 years of dredging experience in
less turbid southeast Florida waters adjacent to sensitive habitats, borrow area buffer
zones ranging from 76 m (250 ft) to 122 m (400 ft) have proven effective in protecting
hardbottom and coral reef habitats. The potential turbidity impacts associated with project
activities are not expected to be significantly different from those associated with
disturbance which occurs during storm (higher wave energy) events. Monitoring of both
borrow site and beach nourishment site turbidity levels can be utilized to assure
compliance.
24
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
As designed, the project is not expected to impact nearshore hardbottom resources that
are located immediately adjacent to and within the Permit Area. A Hardbottom
Monitoring Plan has been developed for the Permit Area and includes physical and
biological monitoring of the nearshore and offshore hardbottom communities located in
the vicinity of the central and south fill areas, as well as the borrow area.
Research and Development: In November 2004, April 2005 and August 2006, CPE
geologists conducted side-scan sonar surveys of the nearshore and offshore regions of
North Topsail Beach and along the nearshore area of Onslow Beach. The side-scan sonar
data were analyzed and compared to shoreline profiles to determine potential and
probable hardbottom resources located in the nearshore of the proposed fill areas and in
the vicinity of the offshore borrow area.
CPE marine biologists conducted in situ investigations in June, August and October 2005
and August 2006 to confirm the nearshore and offshore delineations of potential and
probable hardbottom resources. Field investigations confirmed hardbottom resources
located in -15 ft to -21 ft NAVD, approximately 350 m (approximately 1,150 ft) offshore
of the February-March 2002 mean high water; and offshore hardbottom areas located
121.9 to 304.9 m (400 to 1,000 ft) from the offshore borrow area. In August 2005, ten
(10) temporary transects (TS5 to TS 15) were established (Figure 6).
In June 2006, the southern fill section was added to the Permit Area. In August 2006, sea
conditions supported the acquisition of side-scan survey data in the nearshore zone of
Stations 581+80 to 780+00 and offshore near the borrow area. CPE marine biologist's
field verified the side-scan data at the end of August 2006.
The monitoring plan for nearshore and offshore hardbottom will include habitat
characterization along nearshore and offshore transects, sidescan sonar surveys, sediment
monitoring, and beach profile surveys. Table 3 shows the breakdown of the proposed
hardbottom monitoring (hardbottom transects, sidescan sonar, sediment monitoring, and
beach profiles) for each phase of initial construction. The table is structured in such a
manner that the associated monitoring is only that which is being proposed for dredging
of material from the proposed borrow site for that phase and placement of fill along that
stretch of shoreline defined by the particular phase. Proposed monitoring for Phases that
include both an initial construction event and a re-nourishment event (i.e. Phase 3
includes initial construction of Phase 3 and re-nourishment of Phase 1) would include
monitoring as shown in Table 3.
25
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
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Transect Establishment: Hardbottom monitoring will include the establishment of
permanent monitoring transects in the nearshore and offshore hardbottom resource areas
coinciding with the 2005 and. 2006 baseline investigations (Figure 6). Pre-construction
monitoring will be conducted in May/June prior to construction. The permanent
biological monitoring stations will include stainless steel pins that will be installed into
the hardbottom using a hammer and/or drill at 5.0 in (16.4 ft) spacing along each of the
permanent transects. Monitoring of these transects will assist in identifying project
effects on natural hardbottom resources. The approximate locations of these transects are
shown in Figure 6.
All underwater investigations will be conducted in accordance with the CPE Dive Safety
Program. Effort will be made to schedule these field activities when visibility underwater
is one meter or greater.
Nearshore Hardbottom Transect Locations: Poor visibility in the nearshore resource
investigation areas of the Northern Section have prevented marine biologists from both
characterizing the habitats and mapping the edge of the resources with any level of
confidence. Therefore, this monitoring plan involves pre-, mid-, and post-construction
monitoring of the confirmed. hardbottom resources in the Central and Southern Sections
(Phases 3 and 5). A total of seven (7) permanent transects will be established along the
confirmed hardbottom located in the central and south fill areas. In Phase 3, TS5 to TS8
will be permanently established between USACE baseline stations 850+50 and 890+00;
and TS18 and TS19 will be permanently established in the Southern Section between
USACE baseline stations 720+00 and 740+00. These transects will serve as compliance
transects.
The two remaining permanent transects will be added to the monitoring program in order
to identify any naturally occurring changes in biotic and abiotic communities in the
nearshore environment. These transects will serve as control transects. The first of these
two transects will be located near Station 810+00 referred to as C4 (Figure 6). The
location of the second transect (C2) will be offshore the northern end of Surf City Town
Limits in approximately 7 in (25 ft) of water.
Nearshore transects will be surveyed once prior to construction between June and
October, and once following construction between June and October for Phases 3 and 5.
The nearshore transects will begin at the shoreward edge of the hardbottom and extend 60
in (approximately 197 ft) in a southeasterly direction, perpendicular to shore. Sampling
will occur every 2.5 meters (8 ft).
Offshore Hardbottom Transect Locations: Marine resource investigations of the
offshore communities conducted in October 2005 and August 2006 included the
establishment of eight (8) 50 m temporary transects (TS9 to TS 14, TS 16 and TS 17).
Transects were established at the sand/rock interface, extending away from the borrow
28
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
area. These 8 sites will be the permanent transects monitored in May/June prior to
construction. Refer to Figure 6.
The two (2) control transects are proposed for determining natural changes in community
cover and to provide comparative data for future dredging activities on proximate
hardbottom. These 3 control transects will include: 1) C5, temporarily established in
October 2005, located approximately 4,400 feet from the borrow area, and 2) C3 offshore
of Station 870+00 in approximately 40 feet of water
Offshore transects will be surveyed once prior to construction between June and October,
and once following construction between June and October for phases that involve
removal of material from the offshore borrow site (Phases 2, 4, and 5). The offshore
transects will begin at the rock/sand interface and extend 50 meters (approximately 164
feet) in a southerly direction. Sampling will occur every 2.5 meters.
Habitat Characterization: Two methods of habitat characterization and documentation
were used during the baseline investigations 1) Benthic Ecological Assessment for
Marginal Reefs (BEAMR) developed by Coastal Planning & Engineering, Inc. (Baron
and Lybolt, 2004), and 2) digital video that may be used to supplement analysis of
hardbottom communities present within each study area. These methods will be utilized
when underwater visibility is one meter or greater. Alternative methods (see Alternative
Approach to Nearshore Habitat Characterization) are proposed for conditions of less
water clarity.
The BEAMR surveying method was developed to evaluate nearshore marine habitats,
and determine the interrelationship between corals, algae, sediment, invertebrates, and
fish species within nearshore reef systems.
In situ observations will be conducted by CPE marine biologists trained in the procedures
and methods of BEAMR. BEAMR methodology involves a complete census of physical,
abiotic and biotic functional groups (parameters) within each sample quadrat. Every
visible functional group is assigned a number of at least 1% with the total of all
functional groups equal to 100%. Functional biotic groups include: macroalgae, turf +
algae + cyanobacteria, encrusting red algae, sponge, hydroid, octocoral, stony coral,
tunicate, anemone, barnacle, bivalve, bryozoan, Millepora sp., seagrass, sessile worm,
and zoanthid. Abiotic groups include sediment and bare hard substrate.
Within each quadrant, the maximum vertical relief is measured (to nearest cm) from the
maximum lowest to highest point in the quadrat. Maximum standing sediment thickness
over hardbottom is determined by acquiring two random measurements and recording the
highest of the two values (to nearest cm). In the event that no areas of loose
unconsolidated sediment (>1 cm) exist within the quadrat, then a value of zero is
recorded for the station. Percent cover of standing sediment over hardbottom, including
sand, shell and mud, is surveyed in each quadrat and reported to the nearest one percent.
29
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
Natural exposed substrate without turf cover and with or without a veneer of sediment
less than I cm in height is recorded as bare hard substrate.
Macroalgae will be identified to genus level and the percent cover of each genus will be
recorded.. Unattached or floating macroalgae will be disregarded. Octocorals and
scleractiman colonies will be identified to the lowest practical taxonomic level and the
maximum height or width will be recorded to the nearest cm. Abnormal conditions of
each observed colony within the quadrat will also be recorded. (e.g., bleaching, disease,
stress). These investigations will provide a quantitative and qualitative data set that will
be utilized to assess and comparatively evaluate changes in the benthic macroinvertebrate
and macroalgal communities at each study site.
BEAMR quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) includes using qualified marine
biologists trained in the BEAMR Standard Operating Procedures. An Access database is
used by CPE to manage the BEAMR data collected during baseline investigations. The
sample data entry form (Figure 7) incorporates quality control during the data entry
process through standardized formatting and summation of functional groups. This
process also contributes to quality analysis and quality control of the data after it has been
collected in the field.
The BEAMR surveying method was conducted at each of the temporary transects (TS5 to
TS 15) established in October 2005 and August 2006 (TS 16 and TS 17). This baseline
data will be reported in the pre-construction monitoring report which will be submitted
within 90 days of completion of field activities.
30
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
Project Name Site Name / Transect Name
Date Data Collector
Quad Label:

Sample Name or # List macroalgae Genus %: % cover
List every coral colony or max size
-and coral condition(s) ;(cm)
Max Relief cm
Max Sediment Depth (cm)
Sessile Benthos... ° Cover
...... .... _....... _.......................................... .........................
....
.
Sediment-
circle all: sand shell mud .
.
Macroalgae-
Flesh +Calcareous
Turf- algae+cyanobacteria
circle all: r b
Encrusting Red Algae
Sponge
Hydroid
Octocoral
Stony Coral
Tunicate
Bare Hard Substrate
other-...

Total Must = 100%
Quad Label:

Sample Name or # List macroalgae Genus %f % cover
List every coral colony ;or max size
-and coral condition(s) (cm)
Max Relief cm

Max Sediment Depth cm

Sessile Benthos...

Cover i

............... .......................... ...... .... ..... ..... ....':. _ ...............................

Sediment-
circle all: sand shell mud .............................................................................................

IL
Macroalgae-
Flesh +Calcareous

..... _.
. _
..
.
... ....
... ....
.
............. ........ 1....... .........
...
..
...
.
Turf- algae+cyanobacteria
circle all: r b ...
...
...
.
.
..
..
.
.
.
Encrusting Red Algae

Sponge
....... .............. _ ..........
i
Hydroid

Octocoral
Stony Coral i
j
'
.......................... _..... _........................... ?...... _........................

Tunicate

Bare Hard Substrate I

I
other-...
.... _............................ .............................................................
I
Total Must= 100%
Standard Abbreviations: Macroalgae: Pool to Genus = Genu or Genus: Avra. Brvopsis. Brvothamnion. Caul. Codi. Dasva. Dasvcladus. Grac, Hall. Hvpn. Sara...
and abbreviation formats Octocoral: Genus of each colony = Genu: Gong. Lept. Plex... except Pseudopteronoraia=Psot. Plexaurella=Plla. Pseudoplexaura=Pspl
Stony Coral: Genus species of each colony = G soe: A car. A age, C net, M ann. M cav. P ame. O dif. S red. S sid. S bou. S five, S int...
Coral condition: W--white disease(s). O=other disease(s). B=bleaching. Coral Stress Index # 0 1 2 3
Other Biota Specnied: Anemone. Annelid. Bivalve. Barnacle. ervozoan. Mulepora so.. seagrass. Loanthid
Figure 7 - Sample BEAMR data entry form.
(Note: Each underwater datasheet has four (4) quadrat entry forms on each side.)
Alternative Approach to Nearshore Habitat Characterization: Efforts will be made
by CPE marine biologists to consistently utilize the BEAMR method along the nearshore
transects. As an alternative, in poor visibility water, the point-intercept method and line-
intercept methods will be utilized.
The point-intercept sampling method will include species identification to the lowest
taxon possible, with measurements of the organisms (i.e., octocoral and stony coral)
collected to the nearest centimeter. Species identification and measurement will be
conducted on the organisms that occur under or to the right and left side of the
incremental marking on tape. The data collected will provide a taxa list for identifying
habitat equivalency between the control and compliance transects. Taxa lists will be
completed as extinction curves (i.e., species-area curves or dominance tests) and point
identification numbers will provide relative abundance.
31
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
Line-intercept sampling will be used to assess physical characteristics of the substrate
(i.e., sand. cover vs. hardbottom exposure). The observer will note the locations along the
transect where hardbottom and sand (depths >1 cm) intercept. The location of sediment
patches greater than 0.5 m in length along the transect will be recorded. The results of
the data collected will be used to determine the total substrate area available.
The point-intercept and line-intercept methods can be used in extremely low-visibility
conditions (>10 cm and <40 cm). Sampling frequency and locations will be consistent
with BEAMR transects and will occur every 2.5 m along the 60 m transect line.
Video Documentation: Video surveys will be conducted of the seafloor along each
transect will be taken at a height of 40 cm after Porter et al. (2002). A convergent laser
guidance system indicates the precise height of 40 cm from the benthos (see Photo 1).
The visible width of imagery taken from this height is 40 cm. Geographic Positioning
System (GPS) navigational coordinates (North Carolina State Plane Coordinate System,
NAD 83) of the video transect locations will be overlaid on recent aerial photography and
included in the project monitoring reports.
Photo 1 - Video laser guidance system in use on reef substrate.
Geophysical Survey (Sidescan Sonar Survey): Acquisition of high-resolution acoustic
imagery of the seafloor followed by hardbottom community analyses will occur along
select nearshore and offshore hardbottom features located between USACE baseline
stations 580+00 to 1160+00. The surveys will utilize state of the art side-scan sonar
technology coupled with a Hypack 2008 navigation system or similar system. Data
32
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
acquisition will utilize a Trimble DGPS system to provide accurate positioning
information. The survey will be conducted in such a manner to achieve total bottom
coverage (100%) within the survey area. The line spacing will be set up to achieve 100%
overlap (i.e. all areas of the seafloor covered twice).
Geophysical surveys will be conducted along the confirmed hardbottom located 1) in the
nearshore zone of the Project Area between -19 and -22 NAVD88 (Areas 1, 2, and 5;
Figure 8); 2) along the offshore hardbottom areas northeast of the borrow area (Area 3;
Figure 8), and, 3) in the vicinity of TS9 to TS 12 and TS 16 (Area 4; Figure 8).
Once the data has been processed and reviewed for accuracy and resolution, the data will
be input into the Project GIS for analysis. Ground-truthing will be required for
identifying select signatures in the acoustic, seafloor imagery to confirm sediment
characteristics and community type coverage.
Data collected through this type of monitoring protocol using sidescan sonar coupled
with groundtruthing as well as beach profile data, has been shown to provide accurate
monitoring of hardbottom exposure and coverage in Collier County, FL (CPE, 2009).
Accurate mapping of the seafloor bottom using sidescan sonar can help determine areas
where previously exposed rock outcrops have been covered by a thin veneer of sand as
well as areas where previously covered areas have been uncovered and are currently
exposed. This information will assist in determining Project effects on adjacent
nearshore and offshore communities.
One (1) pre-construction event will occur within 60 days prior to construction and two (2)
post-construction monitoring events will be conducted. The first post-construction event
will occur 4 to 6 months following construction and the second event will occur 16 to 18
months following construction. The results of the pre- and post-construction data
collection events will be included in the post-construction biological monitoring report.
33
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
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34
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
Sediment Monitoring: Sediment monitoring will be conducted during each construction
phase that includes dredging of material from the offshore borrow area (Proposed Phase
2, 4, and 5). Sediment monitoring at the offshore transects will include 1) in situ
sediment depth measurements and 2) line intercept documentation. In situ sedimentation
monitoring will be conducted by divers, who will measure standing sediment (to nearest
millimeter) at every meter along the permanent (50 m) transects. The line intercept
method involves a trained diver to swim the length of the 50 m transect and note the
locations along the transect where hardbottom and sand (depths >1 cm) intercept. The
location of sediment patches greater than 0.5 m in length along the transect will be
recorded. The results of the data collected will be used to determine the total sediment
cover over each transect.
Sediment monitoring will be conducted along the 10 permanent offshore transects (TS -
9-14, 16-17, C - 3 and 5) (Figure 6). These offshore monitoring transects will be
sampled for sedimentation once every two weeks for two months prior to construction
(weather and sea state conditions permitting) and once every two weeks for the initial two
months of construction. If sediment accumulation at the compliance transects is <10% of
the sediment accumulated on average at the three control sites, then the sediment
monitoring of the sites will occur once per month for the remainder of dredging
operations. Within 30 days of project completion and demobilization of all contractor
equipment from the project area, an immediate post-construction sediment monitoring
event shall be conducted at the offshore monitoring sites,
Survey Vessel Navigation and Positioning: The navigation and positioning system
deployed for all field operations, other than beach profiles, will be a Trimble Differential
Global Positioning System (DGPS) interfaced to Hypack Inc.'s Hypack 2008' or similar
system. A Pro Beacon receiver will provide differential GPS correction from the U.S.
Coast Guard Navigational Beacon located at New Bern, NC. The DGPS initially
receives the civilian signal from the global positioning system (GPS) NAVSTAR
satellites. The locator automatically acquires and simultaneously tracks the NAVSTAR
satellites, while receiving precisely measured code phase and Doppler phase shifts, which
enables the receiver to compute the position and velocity of the vessel. The receiver then
determines the time, latitude, longitude, height, and velocity once per second. Most of the
time, the GPS accuracy with differential correction, provides for a position accuracy of
one (1) to four (4) ft. This is within the accuracy needed for geotechnical investigations.
Navigational control will be maintained on a PC running Hypack 2008V software or
similar system. The Hypack 20080 software is configured to acquire data from the
differential GPS (DGPS) receiver system, and can be used to display the survey plan
superimposed on NOAA navigational charts, or project area graphics generated in GIS.
The major advantage of this software is the capability of establishing track lines and
specific targets for each of the sites prior to data collection. A computer monitor in the
wheelhouse provides relative course correction information to the helmsman.
35
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
Beach Profile Surveys: During field. investigations conducted by CPENC in 2005 and
2006 it was established that visibility in the northern section of the project area would, at
most times, prevent marine biologists from both characterizing the habitats and mapping
the edge of the resources with any level of confidence. In order to provide an alternative
method of verification, which would provide an acceptable level of confidence, the
hardbottom monitoring plan will require the Town to collect beach profile data one (1)
time along four (4) profiles between baseline stations 1080+00 and 1065+00 within 60
days prior to construction of Phase 1 and two (2) times post-construction of Phase 1. The
first post-construction event would take place between 4 and 6 months post-construction
and the second event between 16 and 18 months post-construction. Likewise the
monitoring plan will require the Town to collect beach profile data along fourteen (14)
profiles between USAGE baseline station 1075+00 and 1010+00 one (1) time prior to
construction of Phase 2 and two (2) times post-construction of Phase 2 in the same time
periods stated above. These beach profiles will be conducted in addition to sidescan
sonar and ground truthing surveys in the vicinity of USACE baseline stations 990+00 to
1090+00 (Area 1) as shown in Figure 8.
Beach profiles will extend seaward to a depth greater than -30.0 ft. NAVD88. Soundings
will be collected at minimal 25 ft. intervals, sufficient to provide an accurate depiction of
the seafloor. Equipment to be employed for these surveys will include industry standard
depth sounders, positioning equipment, and motion compensators. These beach profiles
will provide vertical accuracy to within 0.2-0.5 ft., which is the International
Hydrographic Organization standard.
Figure 9 and 10 show that hardbottom habitat is clearly visible in historic beach profile
data. Likewise the particular hardbottom between USACE baseline stations 1010+00 and
1080+00 are evident by the 1.5 to 5 ft. scarps that are characteristic of many of the
hardbottoms off the northern portion of North Topsail Beach (HDR, 2002 and Johnston,
M.K., 1998). HDR (2002) reports that these scarps border generally flat low lying
hardbottoms. These findings support the concept of the perched beach, that is, the
theoretical depth of closure would be seaward of the scarp; however, the vertical relief of
the scarp precludes the further migration of sand offshore. Beach profile surveys may not
resolve the migration of 0 to 5 inches of sand onto the hardbottom, covering it. However,
beach profiles would show if these scarps features, which are clearly visible in previous
beach profile (Figures 9 and 10), were not detected in subsequent beach profile data. By
comparing pre and post construction beach profiles, one will be able to determine if
previously exposed hardbottom habitats have been covered based on the
presence/absence of the scarp features that form the edges of these hardbottoms.
Deliverables will include a brief report, survey report notes and charts, survey control
information, and comparative profile plots. In addition, the report will clearly report the
grain size of the fill that was placed along the surveyed profiles. These deliverables will
be provided to the appropriate agencies.
As previously mentioned, sidescan sonar and groundtruthing surveys will be conducted at
the same frequency as the beach profiles associated with nearshore hardbottom
monitoring profiles in the northern section of the project area. The sidescan sonar
36
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
mapping and beach profiles will provide a high level of confidence for monitoring project
effects in the absence of BEAMR surreys.
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Figure 9 - August 2005 beach profiles by CPE, baseline stations 1000+00 to 1040+00.
37
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
30-.---...___ ------ ___._._..._?.__...._._._.?_.._.__., ..__.,.,_,..__._..... _?_...___._ __._.______.__
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Figure 10 - August 2005 beach profiles by CPE, baseline stations 1050+00 to
1090+00.
Data Management and Reporting: One monitoring report shall be submitted 90 days
after completion of the 2007 pre-construction monitoring event. Findings from the 2005
and 2006 investigations will be included in this report. A summary report detailing the
sediment monitoring efforts from the bi-weekly pre-construction and the first two months
during construction will be submitted within 30 days of completion of field activities.
Subsequent reports shall be submitted every 60 days during construction. Within 30 days
of demobilization of all construction related equipment, a specific construction phase
report describing any unanticipated mechanical impacts will be submitted to the USACE
and NC DCM.
A post-construction biological monitoring report will be submitted to the Town, USACE
and NCDCM within 90 days after the post-construction monitoring event. The final
report will present and discuss the results of the biological monitoring efforts and will
include the results of the BEAMR statistical analysis of the nearshore and offshore
transects during each monitoring event (pre-, mid and post-construction). An effect
determination comparing pre-construction and post-construction conditions will also be
presented in the report. Transect data collection and analysis will involve a quantitative
analysis of the functional groups and a determination of any significant change in cover
or abundance over the course of the study period. The reports will analyze and discuss
project related burial, sedimentation, or trauma that has affected the benthic communities
based on the fixed station monitoring and transect line video documentation.
38
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
The reports will also include the following:
- Comparative analysis of hardbottom exposure within the study area including data
(tabulated and graphical) and analysis of sediment thickness over each of the
transects;
- A map of the monitoring area and adjacent hardbottom showing the location of
fixed transects and quadrats with DGPS coordinates for the location of all major
features;
- Quantitative data on major benthic biological components, e.g., percent cover by
corals, octocorals, sponges, and algae;
- Statistical evaluation and comparison (paired or multiple) of the data collected
along the permanent transects and monitoring stations to ascertain changes in
community composition/abundance during the study period. If requested by the
USAGE or NCDCM, parametric and non-parametric (ANOVA) techniques may
be used as appropriate to detect change in community composition/abundance.
- Copies of representative photographs and videos will be submitted in their
original format; and
- A comprehensive environmental Project GIS database will be updated after each
monitoring event.
A senior staff member independent of the Project will serve as the QA/QC Technical
Reviewer to approve all pertinent deliverables before submission to the client, USACE
and NCDCM.
No direct impacts by fill to hardbottom communities are anticipated. If it is determined,
based on monitoring data, that impacts to adjacent hardbottom communities have
occurred directly or indirectly from related construction activities then discussions will be
initiated with the USACE and NCDCM to determine how to proceed.
Water Quality
The inlet, nearshore and offshore water columns are classified as SA and High Quality
Water (HQW) under the North Carolina State water quality standards. This classification
requires that work within the water column shall not cause turbidity levels to exceed 25
NTU or background (ambient) conditions that are above 25 NTU.
Dredge and fill operations are expected to temporarily elevate turbidity levels in the
water column at the borrow area and fill sites. Higher turbidity levels are likely to be
found in the discharge zone (nearshore swash zone) during periods of active construction.
The use of a cutter suction dredge will minimize the area of disturbance since this type of
dredge involves suction for the extraction of sediment.
Turbidity monitoring during construction will be managed by the contractor. The
contractor will be responsible for notifying the construction engineer in the event that
turbidity levels exceed the State water quality standards.
39
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
LITERATURE CITED
ANCHOR (ANCHOR ENVIRONMENTAL CA, L.P.), June 2003. Literature Review of Effects
of Resuspended Sediments Due to Dredging Operations. Prepared for Los Angeles
Contaminated Sediments Task Force, Los Angeles, California.
ASTM, 1987. Standard method. for particle-size analysis of soils, designation D422-63.
1987 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, volume 04.08: Soil and Rock; Building
Stones; Geotextiles. Philadelphia: American Society for Testing Materials.
BARON, R. AND M. LYBOLT, 2004. Coastal Planning & Engineering, Inc. Rolls Out the
New BEAMR (Benthic Ecological Assessment for Marginal Reefs): A Standardized
Marine Resource Benthic Cover Assessment Method. Coastal Planning &
Engineering, Inc.
CPE, 2009. Collier County Beach Renourishment Project: Two Year (2008) Post-
Construction Biological Monitoring Report. Boca Raton, Florida: Coastal Planning &
Engineering, Inc. (Prepared for Collier County)
HDR ENGINEERING INC. OF THE CAROLINAS, 2002. An Assessment of the Availability of
Beach Fill Quality Sand Offshore North Topsail Beach and Surf City, NC. Raleigh,
North Carolina: Final Report to the USACE, Wilmington District Office, 41p and
appendices.
JOHNSTON, M.K., 1998. Inherited Geologic Framework of the New River Submarine
Headland Complex, North Carolina, and Its Influence on Modern Sedimentation.
Wilmington, North Carolina: University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Master's
thesis, 87 p.
KBSTRRC (KAREN BEASLEY SEA TURTLE RESCUE AND REHABILITATION CENTER), 2006.
Topsail Turtle Project. h=://www.seaturtlehospital.org/nest.htm
NCDCM (NORTH CAROLINA DIVISION OF COASTAL MANAGEMENT), 2007. 15A NCAC
07H .0312 Technical Standards for Beach Fill Projects. Rule as adopted by the RRC
on 1/18/2007 (with changes, as published in 21:03 NCR 263), effective 2/1/2007.
PORTER, J.W.; KosmyNrN, V.; PATTERSON, K.; PORTER, K.G.; JAAP, W.C.; WHEATON, J.;
HACKETT, K.E.; LYBOLT, M.; TSOKOS, C.P.; YANEV, G.; MARCINEK, D.; DOTTEN, J.;
EAKEN, D.; PATTERSON, M.; MEIER, O.W.; BRILL, M., AND DUSTAN, P., 2002.
Detection of Coral Reef Change by the Florida Keys Coral Reef Monitoring Project.
In: Porter, J.W. and Porter, K.G. (eds). The Everglades, Florida Bay, and Coral Reefs
of the Florida Keys: An Ecosystem Sourcebook. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 749-769.
USACE, 2002. US Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research and Development
Center, Coastal and Hydraulics Lab, Coastal Engineering Manuel, 2002.
40
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
USFWS (U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, 2001b. (Trichechus manatus latirostris),
Third Revision. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Atlanta, Georgia. 144 pp. +
Appendices.
USFWS (U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE), 2006f. Piping Plovers in North Carolina,
http://www.f vs.g_ov/northeast/pipingplover/status/index.html. Last updated January
27, 2005.
USMC, (US MARINE CORPS) May 2006. Camp Lejeune Environmental Management
Division, Installations & Environment Department. Pre Final 2006 Integrated Natural
Resource Management Plan (INRMP).
http://www.leieune.usmc.mil/emd/INRMP/INRMP.htm . Last updated June 2006.
US NOAA COASTAL SERVICES CENTER, 2001. Guidance for Benthic Habitat Mapping:
An Aerial Photographic Approach. By Mark Finkbeiner [and by] Bill Stevenson and
Renee Seaman, Technology Planning and Management Corporation, Charleston, SC.
(NOAA/CSC/20117-PUB). Available on: U.S. National Oceanographic Atmospheric
Administration. Coastal Services Center. Submerged Aquatic Vegetation: Data
Development and Applied Uses. (CD-ROM). (NOAA/CSC/20116-CD). Charleston,
SC. 2001.
41
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
NTVC-08-01 (27 - 47)
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deposits of incompatible clay material. Note depths correspond to the top of core being 0.0
and are not referenced to a vertical datum.
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
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Figure 12. Map depicting the 16 different cuts that comprise the offshore borrow area.
Refer to Table 2 in section 6a above.
Ali I
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
38 `; P 3 01 2009
NORTH TOPSAIL SHORELINE CUT TO CUT TO
PROTECTION PROJECT -45.0 -49.0
OCTOBER 22, 2008 NTVC-06 030 NTVC-C6-10
CUT TO oN IC-06 07
-43.0 JVC- 6-06 CUT TO
-45.0
CUT TO - CUT TO - oNT 'C-05-25
-42.0 -46.0 A NTVC-05-08
NTVC-05-14 oNTVC-0 -09_
CUT TO -\ NTVC 05-05 ONT'.-05-2 F
-53.5 \ NTV -05 ?j , oNTV o o CUT TO
-54.0
/ cr,lTVc ?6-12A CUT TO
NTVC-05-1
1TvlC 05-19 -47.5
NTV -05-15 COARSE CUT TO ` oNT C-06-18
FILL CUT -40.0 % -CUT TO
NTV -06-13A -44.0
COARSE 0 -40.0 cNT'VC- 6
CUT TO FILL CUT ?QNTV 6-14
-42.0 TO -50.0
CUT TO NVC 0 6 11 CUT TO
-46.0 -47.0
BORROW AREA PLAN VIEW
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- 80 - : 1-80
0+00 8+00 16+00 24+00 32+00 40+00 48+00
BORROW AREA CROSS SECTION A-A"
Figure 13. Plan view and cross section view of the offshore borrow area.
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
' 2009
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Figure 14. Town of North Topsail Beach with baseline stations, and approximate CBRS
boundaries.
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc. F , - i V D
40 D C Nil V ? 3 L At M I Nj= ? jN I N
?? t ?009
Northern Section 14-ft Dune Plan - Typical Construction Profile
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25 _
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15 +14.0-ft
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>
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Total Width is Approximately 496 ft
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Distance from Baseline (ft)
-Aug-05 -14-ft dune °str 1
Figure 15. Typical construction profile, Northern Section (Phases 1 and 2) 14-foot Dune
Plan (Station 1030+00).
Central Section 14-ft Dune Plan - Typical Construction Profile
(Station 850+00)
25
20
15
Z 10
0
a 5
m
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-5
-10
-100 -50
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700
Distance from Baseline (ft)
Aug-05 --14-ft NAVD Dune -str 1 str 2 str 3 -str 4 -str 5 -str 6 -str 7
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.' 1
41 NC
`OU 19 0 2009

Front of Structures

+1
6 4.0-ft I
Construction Berm is Approximatel
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+6
0 ft NAVD
,
1s
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Below NHW Is Approximately 146 ft
Total Width is Approximately 414 ft

Figure 16. Typical construction profile, Central Section (Phases 3 and 4) 14-foot Dune Plan
(Station 850+00).
Southern Section Berm Plan -Typical Construction Profile
(Station 660+00)
25

20
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Total Width is Approximately 205 ft

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Distance from Baseline (ft)
Oct-O6 °?Berm
Figure 17. Example Cross-Section for Southern Section (Phase 5) Design rill at Ntation
650+00.
Figure 18. Navigation channels in the vicinity of New River Inlet.
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc. Nu
42
F" 3 0 2009
ELEV. (FEET NGVD)
-25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5
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Figure 19. Cross-section of proposed inlet relocation showing preconstruction
bathymetry and the proposed post-construction design.
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1_111_--"V1JH M!" GTON, NC
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc.
43 ` E P 3 ?009
6d. A copy of the deed (with state application only) or other instrument under
which the applicant claims title to the affected properties.
The applicant, Town of North Topsail Beach, is currently working to procure all
necessary easements and will have these in place before any work begins.
6f. Adjacent Riparian Property Owners
South End
Mitchell L Patterson and Others
1253 Deep River Road
Sanford, North Carolina 27330
Darryl C and Sally L Goebel
118 Windfall Court
Cary, North Carolina 27511
North End
Gene and Michelle Graziosi
1075 Davenport Place
Winterville, NC 28590
George C. and Diann L. Vann
1746 Red Oak Lane
Waldorf, MD 20601
Ski Y' 0 a',3\/q-F)
"ViLUNGTON, NO
Coastal Planning & Engineering of North Carolina, Inc. 2009
44 ' ` '
6j. Signed AEC Hazard Notice
Ar-C, HAZARD P+tOMCC
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l_i (hc f„NP, 1 :'-I; .. ? .:, r•il.., i. .. .. .. .,= f ?,'trj i.t'i. .+.!+`i f?
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IY C ARVITIAL DR I. EX?,

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lJ iNG TVN, NO
S r P 3 0 2009
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