20081317 Ver 1_Mitigation Plan Review_20070117

O-W
i

Legend
dotroads
Elevation (ft)
Value
High :138
WNW
Low : -50
np-Scott Creek
v
2,000 4,000
8,000 Feet
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Watershed Tofal Drainage
Area Ac Upper Drainage
Area Ac
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UT2 140 103
UT3 25 NIA
UT4 25 NIA
UT5 26 NIA
475 215
UT7 13 NIA
UT8 8 N/A
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Legend
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Stream Restoration
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Legend A
4; Stream Mitigation Concept 1.15.07
Enhancement 7?;, tr i. l r
?. first Order Stream 4
Stream Restoration
Valley Restui atiui
0 Point_ge 7 '.Y 1
r
INFORMATION REGARDING STREAM RESTORATION IN THE OUTER
COASTAL PLAIN OF NORTH CAROLINA
Prepared By:
US Army Corps of Engineers,
Wilmington District, Regulatory Division
And
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources,
Division of Water Quality
November 28, 2005
This document is intended to provide information to compensatory mitigation providers
for use when planning or evaluating potential stream mitigation projects in the outer
coastal plain (defined as the Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain Ecoregion as shown on
Griffith, et. al. 2002). This document is meant to complement the April 2003, Stream
Mitigation Guidelines, prepared by the Corps of Engineers Wilmington District,
Environmental Protection Agency, the North Carolina Division of Water Quality and the
North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission (US Army Corps of Engineers, 2003).
Riparian headwater system are for purpose of this guidance, those systems that either do
not appear or appear as first order streams' on the appropriate county soil survey as
published by the Natural Resources Conservation Service or its predecessor, the Soil
Conservation Service. The term "stream" as used in this guidance, means that the flow of
water is contained in a natural channel or bed with identifiable banks and, in its unaltered
state on the coastal plain, usually has adjacent wetlands.
The majority of compensatory stream mitigation completed to date in North Carolina, has
been in the Piedmont and Mountain Regions. Mitigation site selection efforts in these
areas target degraded sites where the main problems are instability and unnatural
sediment transport. Maximum mitigation credits are achieved by using natural channel
design techniques to return the stream to its most probable natural state by restoring
proper pattern, dimension and profile.
Many outer coastal plain riparian headwater systems have been channelized or ditched in
the past, making it difficult to determine whether a true intermittent or perennial stream
was historically present. These existing "man-made" channels have, in most cases,
intercepted surface runoff and/or groundwater to the extent that they now possess
intermittent or perennial flow and exhibit functions commonly associated with natural
streams. These systems are often considered jurisdictional waters of the US and, in many
cases, are classified as "streams". Permits to impact these systems usually require some
form of stream mitigation as compensation.
1 A first order stream is that portion of a waterway from its identified point of origin downstream to the first
intersection with another waterway.
r
There is an increasing need for compensatory stream mitigation in the outer coastal plain
of North Carolina. Many sites selected to provide compensatory mitigation are
channelized or ditched riparian headwater systems. There is debate over the necessity
and/or appropriateness of traditional channel design techniques in these systems.
Typically, intermittent and perennial streams with well-defined bed and bank
characteristics are associated with specific soil series (Table 1) and are present in those
unaltered riparian headwater systems having relatively large watersheds draining into a
well-defined topographic feature. Here, natural channel design techniques may be
appropriate.
Often however, unaltered riparian headwater systems with smaller watersheds and less
definite topography possess a braided, diffuse flow pattern across a narrow floodplain of
riparian, wooded wetlands. In these instances, stream restoration involving the
development of pattern, dimension, and profile would not be appropriate. These sites
would likely not support engineered stream channels due to the lack of slope and sandy
terrain. Restoration of these riparian headwater systems could still be accomplished to
provide both stream and wetland mitigation credit without physically constructing a
distinctive stream channel.
The NCDWQ is currently working with researchers from NC State University and the
N.C. Center for Geographic Information and Analysis to develop a stream mapping
methodology. This methodology should provide scientifically valid predictions for the
origin of coastal plain streams. However, it is likely that it will be several years before
this data is available. In the interim, those involved in the development of compensatory
stream mitigation projects on the outer coastal plain of NC should use the following
criteria to decide what design is appropriate for the proposed mitigation site.
Zero2 to first order headwater streams: Restoration of stream pattern, dimension and
profile is often not appropriate in features appearing as zero to first order, headwater
streams in the outer coastal plain. Projects constructed in these areas may still qualify for
stream restoration even though they may not include construction of an actual channel.
These projects should include success criteria commensurate with the restoration of a
bottomland riparian (wetland) community. Additional considerations for success criteria
may include documentation of diffuse flow and inundation of adjacent wetland. Credit
will be calculated based on the length of the valley rather than an exact length of the
channel.
The limit of credit for stream and riparian wetland mitigation credit will be decided on a
case-by-case basis and will typically depend on the width and extent of a clearly visible
valley in the landscape. A 50-foot buffer is typically required for stream mitigation
projects in the coastal plain. Therefore, stream credit may only be awarded where the
discernible valley is a minimum of 100 feet wide. Areas outside this 100 foot corridor
but within the valley feature may be used as riparian wetland mitigation. The width of
the valley would usually be defined using the edge of the valley slope. Mitigation outside
2 For the purposes of this guidance, jurisdictional waterways that do not appear on a county Soil Survey are
considered zero order

2

of and/or above this valley could be considered non-riparian wetland mitigation assuming
restoration of wetland hydrology, hydric soils and appropriate wetland plants. In-field
confirmation of the presence and limits of the valley may be needed in order to determine
the extent of riparian wetland and stream mitigation. Local topographic information
(USGS quad sheets, LIDAR imaging, site-specific topographic surveys, etc.), site-
specific soil mapping (for instance, linear mucky soil features bordered by mineral soils)
and information on flood frequency and duration are often helpful tools in identifying
these valleys in the outer coastal plain.
Second and higher order streams: Traditional stream mitigation methods using natural
channel design to predict and restore pattern, dimension and profile are typically
appropriate in systems indicated as second and higher order streams. Credit for this
type project would be calculated based on the actual length of the channel restored or
enhanced. The restoration of wetlands adjacent to the restored channel should be given
strong consideration.
This document is intended as a general guide. The preparers realize there may be
exceptions to the above information. Natural channel design may for instance, be
appropriate when a zero or first order stream is located in a soil series that traditionally
supports streams (Table 1) and sufficient watershed area is available. The converse is
also true in that there may be larger watersheds where stream mitigation as described for
zero to first order streams may be more appropriate. It is also likely that large mitigation
sites may have both zero/first order streams and higher order streams as well as wetland
complexes thereby requiring multiple mitigation design techniques. Designers are
strongly encouraged, in all cases, to use reference sites with similar watershed size and
topographic conditions to determine the type of restoration that is appropriate for the site
Planning documents must adequately support the mitigation work proposed.
The guidance found in this document is subject to change if and when additional
information becomes available. The most current version of this document as well as
information on its applicability will be posted on the websites of both the Corps of
Engineers (htip://www.saw.usace.anny.mil/wetlands/notices.html) and Division of Water
Quality (http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands/rd pub not.html).
Citations
Griffith, G.E., et al. 2002. Ecoregions of North and South Carolina. Reston, VA. United
States Geological Survey.
US Army Corps of Engineers, et al. 2003. Stream Mitigation Guidelines. Wilmington,
NC
3

Table 13
Soils series in the coastal plain of NC which typically can contain streams
Beaufort Bertie New Craven
Soil Series Hanover
Name
Altavista X X
Augusta X
Autryville X
Bibb X
Chewacla X
Craven X X
Currituck X
Doravan X X X X
Exum X
Goldsboro X
Johnston X
Lafitte X
Masontown X
Muckalee X
Norfolk X X
Onslow X
Seabrook X
State X
Suffolk X
Tidal Marsh X
Wahee X X
Wasda X
Wehadkee X
Winton X X
3 These features normally occur on soils that typically contain streams. This table lists examples of some:Eof
these soil series for several coastal plain counties and is intended to serve as a general guide for this
determination.
4
Re: site visit to Scotts Creek mitigation site
III
John
Dorney
<John.Dorney@ncma
[e-mail]
To:
il.net> cc: Eric Kulz
<[e-mail]>, kyle barnes <[e-mail]>
Subject: Re: site
visit to Scotts Creek mitigation site
12/22/2006
01:34
I I P
nope, sorry. that is full too. how about JAn 24, 25, 30 or 31?
[e-mail] wrote:
John, Eric & Kyle:
January 26??
We would meet as early as possible at an elementary school parking lot
about a mile from the site. I will give you directions.
I John Dorney
I <John.Dorney@ncma
To:
? of 1(1 1 /17/1()()7 1-11V) PT %4
Re: site visit to Scotts Creek mitigation site
Subject: Re: site visit to Scotts Creek mitigation site
From: [e-mail]
Date: Fri, 5 Jan 2007 11:38:11 -0500
To: John Domey <[e-mail]>
CC: Eric Kulz <[e-mail]>, Kyle Barnes <[e-mail]>
John, Eric and Kyle:
We are confirmed for our on-site visit for January 18, meeting at 10:00. I
will meet you in the front parking lot of the new Northeast Elementary
School on Hwy 264 at the intersection of Seed Tick Neck Road, before you
get to Belhaven. Attached are two maps showing the area. Our focus will
be discussing and -looking at stream valleys for restoration, and it will
take us most of the day.
Jeff
(See attached file: Scott Creek Maps.pdf)
John Dorney
<John.Dorney@ncma To: Kyle Barnes
<[e-mail]>, Eric Kulz <[e-mail]>
il.net> cc: [e-mail]
Creek mitigation site
Subject: Re: site visit to Scotts
01/04/2007 11:20
AM
looks like Jan 18 is okay but Jeff will confirm tomorrow so let's go
ahead and block it off for now. thankx
Kyle Barnes wrote:
John Dorney wrote:
okay - more confusion. it turns out that the conflict with the DOT
Interagency meeting is on JAn 25 (not really my fault this time) so I
cannnot do the site visit on JAn 25. however JAn 18 is now open.
would that work? sorry for the confusion. too many meetings, and too
little time (plus people keep changing the time for meetings!).
please advise. thankx
[e-mail] wrote:
January 25?
Jeff
1 Af 1(1 1/17/90072.52 PM
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