NCS000246_Fayetteville 2020 Annual Report Narrative_20201029

City of Fayetteville
NPDES Permit Program

2020 Annual Report

Permit Number NCS000246
October 31, 2020

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NPDES Permit No. NCS000246 – 2020 Annual Report October 31, 2020
Table of Contents
Section 1: Introduction ............................................................................................................1
Section 2: Background ............................................................................................................1
Section 3: Public Education and Outreach ...........................................................................1
3.1 Target Pollutants and Sources ..........................................................................................2
3.2 Target Audiences .............................................................................................................2
3.3 Informational Website .....................................................................................................3
3.4 Public Education Materials ..............................................................................................3
3.5 Hotline / Help Line ..........................................................................................................4
3.6 Public Education and Outreach Program .........................................................................4
Section 4: Public Involvement and Participation .................................................................8
4.1 Volunteer Involvement Program......................................................................................8
4.2 Public Involvement Mechanism ......................................................................................9
4.3 Hotline / Help Line ..........................................................................................................9
4.4 Public Review and Comment...........................................................................................9
4.5 Public Notice ....................................................................................................................9
Section 5: Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination (IDDE) .........................................10
5.1 Ordinance Administration and Enforcement .................................................................10
5.2 Stormwater System Inventory........................................................................................10
5.3 Inspection / Detection Program .....................................................................................10
5.4 Employee Training.........................................................................................................13
5.5 Public Education and Outreach ......................................................................................14
5.6 Public Reporting Mechanism .........................................................................................14
Section 6: Construction Site Runoff Controls .....................................................................14
6.1 Locally Delegated Program ...........................................................................................14
Section 7: Post-Construction Site Runoff Controls ............................................................15
7.1 Post-Construction Stormwater Management Program ..................................................15
7.2 Post-Construction SCM Strategies ................................................................................15
7.3 Deed Restrictions and Protective Covenants .................................................................16
7.4 Operation and Maintenance Plan ...................................................................................16
7.5 Setbacks for Built-Upon Areas ......................................................................................16
7.6 Education and Training Program ...................................................................................17
Section 8: Pollution Prevention and Good Housekeeping for Municipal Operations .....17
8.1 Operation and Maintenance Program ............................................................................17
8.2 Facility Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plans ............................................................18
8.3 Facility Inventory and Site Inspections..........................................................................18
8.4 Municipal Spill Response Procedures ...........................................................................21
8.5 Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning Operations ................................................................21

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NPDES Permit No. NCS000246 – 2020 Annual Report October 31, 2020
8.6 BMP Evaluation for Streets, Roads, and Public Parking Lots Maintenance .................21
8.7 BMP Implementation for Streets, Roads, and Public Parking Lots Maintenance .........22
8.8 Operation and Maintenance for Municipally Owned or Maintained Structural
Stormwater SCMs and Storm Sewer System ................................................................25
8.9 Employee / Staff Training ..............................................................................................28
Section 9: Industrial Facilities Evaluation and Monitoring ..............................................29
9.1 Industrial Facility Inventory ..........................................................................................29
9.2 Industrial Facilities Inspection Program ........................................................................29
9.3 Evaluation Measures ......................................................................................................30
Section 10: Water Quality Assessment and Monitoring ......................................................31
10.1 Water Quality Assessment and Monitoring Plan ...........................................................31
10.2 Water Quality Monitoring Implementation ...................................................................35
Section 11: Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) .............................................................38
Section 12: Miscellaneous Stormwater Activities .................................................................38
Section 13: Plans for the Upcoming Year ..............................................................................38
Appendix A ...................................................................................................................................39

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NPDES Permit No. NCS000246 – 2019 Annual Report August 31, 2019
Section 1: Introduction

The City of Fayetteville has prepared this report in accordance with the Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) and the Clean Water Act to meet program reporting and monitoring
requirements of the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Municipal
Stormwater Discharge Permit (No. NCS000246) as issued by the State of North Carolina
effective March 1, 2013. The permit provides authorization for the City of Fayetteville to
discharge municipal stormwater to Waters of the State. The City of Fayetteville received it was
renewed permit on October 10, 2018. The permit is effective for five (5) years and will expire at
midnight on October 9, 2023

The City of Fayetteville Stormwater Program, under its Public Services Department, is
responsible for implementing and maintaining the provisions of the City’s NPDES Stormwater
Discharge Permit. As prepared by the Stormwater Program, this annual report covers City
NPDES Permit related activities from approximately July 1, 2019, to June 30, 2020.

During the reporting year, several of our efforts were suspended or delayed due to mandated
government shutdowns due to COVID-19. The City is working through the new government
mandates to execute the permit safely.

Section 2: Background

Fayetteville is one of only six NC Phase I municipalities, defined as municipalities with a
population of 100,000 or greater. Phase II permits cover all other NC municipalities and some
designated counties and petitioned areas required to seek an NPDES stormwater permit. The Six
Minimum Measures are the baseline for all Phase II NPDES stormwater permits. Because of
their size and potential to pollute stormwater runoff, the Phase I municipalities are subject to the
Six Minimum Measures and some additional requirements.

Since the issuance of the permit on October 10, 2018, the City continues to implement the
provisions of this permit as follows:
1) Public Education and Outreach
2) Public Involvement and Participation
3) Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination (IDDE)
4) Construction Site Runoff Controls
5) Post-Construction Site Runoff Controls
6) Pollution Prevention and Good Housekeeping for Municipal Operations
7) Monitor and Evaluate Pollutants in Stormwater Discharges to Municipal Systems
8) Water Quality Assessment and Monitoring

This report is formatted to coincide with the Permit structure and provide the permit
requirement's progress, status, and results. The following major sections are the required
program areas as outlined in the new Permit. The subsections under each major section are the
required Best Management Practices (BMPs) for that Permit section.

Section 3: Public Education and Outreach

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NPDES Permit No. NCS000246 – 2019 Annual Report August 31, 2019
3.1 Target Pollutants and Sources

The Stormwater Program has determined that the following sources of pollution have significant
impacts on water quality. Through proper education and public awareness, Stormwater's
objective is to bring attention to the impacts these sources have on water quality.

The specific pollution sources targeted for the public education and outreach program are as
follows:
1) Lawn Care activities
2) Improper disposal
3) Poor housekeeping
4) Erosion

In addition to the above pollution sources, this Annual Report in Section 9 highlights the
Stormwater Program's efforts as it addresses stormwater quality concerns associated with
industrial activities and, in particular industrial “hot spots.”

3.2 Target Audiences

The Stormwater Program has created a Public Education and Outreach campaign that targets
several audiences throughout our community. The Stormwater Educator conducts several
educational programs each year with the Fayetteville area schools inside the Cumberland County
school system. The focus is to help children better understand what stormwater is, where it ends
up, and the pollutants it picks up along the way. For some grade levels, this information is a part
of their Essential Standards for Science. These standards outline what information a teacher will
cover during the school year and what is on the end of grade test. Several of the events that
Stormwater is involved in also reaches out to school-aged children. Through the education and
engagement of children, the Stormwater Program can reach out to parents. During this reporting
year, the Stormwater Educator conducted approximately 19 presentations/demonstrations geared
towards school children.

The Stormwater Program offers several publications geared towards homeowners between the
ages of 25-55 due to the significant positive and negative impacts on water quality. This age
group represents a significant portion of the residents of the City. Also, citizens in this age group
are more likely to contribute to pollution by engaging in dumping oil and other fluids into the
storm drains, improperly disposing of yard wastes, and improperly applying pesticides and
herbicides on lawns. Flyers, brochures, and other educational materials have been designed for
this group. During this reporting year, Stormwater attended or donated information for
approximately 11 events and presentations explicitly geared towards this age group.

The Stormwater Program also offers several free video training programs aimed at educating
businesses about stormwater pollution prevention. The types of businesses that are targeted have
been identified as those whose job duties pose a potential threat to stormwater runoff, such as:
• Concrete companies
• Construction companies
• Landscaping and lawn care professionals
• Painting contractors/home renovation companies
• Restaurants and foodservice establishments

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• City Departments

The Stormwater Program acknowledges our growing diversity in our community, and we strive
to provide information to our Hispanic community by offering several publications in Spanish
and bilingual flyers.

3.3 Informational Website

The Stormwater Program maintains a comprehensive website
(www.fayettevillenc.gov/stormwater) that details our program and permit components and offers
citizens the opportunity to learn more about stormwater and water quality. A few of the topics
addressed on the website include:
1. Stormwater Inspections
2. Stormwater Projects
3. Public Education and Involvement
4. Stormwater Management Ordinance and related documents
5. Frequently Asked Questions
6. Stormwater Related Downloadable Files

The website is updated regularly to keep information current and citizens aware of what the
Stormwater Program is doing. The website is utilized to keep citizens informed of the status of
various stormwater projects. Through this website, the City’s Stormwater Program and
Engineering Division can maintain public awareness about drainage issues within the City and
inform citizens regarding traffic flow during emergencies, and major maintenance of the
drainage infrastructure.

This past spring, as COVID-19 shut down schools and spring-time events, the Stormwater
program began to create and gather online content that teachers and homeschoolers can use to
enhance their lessons on water quality. The public can access these lessons at
www.fayettevillenc.gov/stormwatereducation.

3.4 Public Education Materials

The City’s Stormwater Program provides quality educational brochures and flyers to inform
citizens about stormwater and pollution prevention through various sources. Details regarding
these publications are described below:
1. Stormwater Inspectors continue to utilize educational flyers to hand out to the public
regarding spring lawn and garden activities, restaurant best management practices, and
other related topics.
2. Stormwater publications continue to be placed at 18 Recreation Centers throughout the
City of Fayetteville and Cumberland County and eight County libraries. These entities
are great sources of information for the public and receive a lot of foot traffic throughout
the year.
3. Stormwater distributes educational brochures at all of the events in which we participate.
Stormwater also distributes materials to several events that Stormwater is not physically
present. The Public Education and Outreach Program subsection of this report further
describes these various activities.

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4. Stormwater has brochures and flyers regarding the proper disposal of pet waste available
to citizens at events and other activities.
5. Stormwater uses Spanish brochures during public awareness events to educate the
growing local Hispanic population about stormwater pollution prevention. Some
examples include spring lawn maintenance, charity car washes, and brochures detailing
the City’s Stormwater program.
6. Stormwater continues to distribute a cigarette butt litter brochure during the various
events Stormwater attends. The brochure explains the various water quality issues
associated with cigarette butt litter.
7. The Program revamped several educational brochures to educate residents on the
stormwater program better. An example of one of the brochures is below. These
brochures are available online and will be available at events once we can start
participating in events again:

Photograph 1: Stormwater Management Program Brochure

3.5 Hotline / Help Line

The Stormwater Hotline [phone]), initiated in 1995 as an integral part of the Stormwater
program, is a source of information and direction and continues to be the primary means for the
public to communicate incidents, complaints, and suggestions on a 24/7 basis. During the past
year, the Hotline received approximately 489 documented calls resulting in a Work Order for
follow-up.

3.6 Public Education and Outreach Program

Stormwater has a documented Public Awareness Strategy, which outlines specific goals that
Stormwater intends to meet each year through its efforts. This strategy is updated regularly and
guides the Stormwater Program’s public education and outreach efforts. This document is
available to the public on the City of Fayetteville Stormwater website.

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Throughout the past year, Stormwater contracted with several advertising agencies across several
different media platforms to create awareness of the Stormwater Program. The following
describes those efforts in detail:
1. Stormwater ran advertisements in three different issues of CityView, a popular local
magazine published eight times a year with an estimated 78,000+ readers each issue.
Readership adds up to approximately 243,000 annual potential contacts.
2. Stormwater placed an advertisement in a year-long calendar with the Fayetteville
Observer. The calendar highlighted Stormwater during April for Earth Day. The
distribution of the calendar is approximately 85,000. Along with this publication, the
Observer gives us space on their website, which provides us with approximately 60,000
digital impressions.
3. Stormwater placed an advertisement with the Summer Camp Edition of the Fayetteville
Observer to market towards summer camps promoting hands-on summer camp activities.
The readership for this publication is approximately 85,000. Along with the print
advertisement, we also get approximately 25,000 digital impressions with an ad placed on
the Observer’s website.
4. The Stormwater Program runs four advertisements in Kidsville News that focused on
advertising classroom presentations and pollution prevention. Kidsville News is a local
publication that is distributed to local schools and focuses primarily on children.
5. This past year, the City of Fayetteville partnered with the Clean Water Education
Partnership to promote stormwater pollution prevention through targeted TV, radio, and
social media ads. The total estimated Spectrum and Capitol Broadcasting Company
impressions for the City of Fayetteville are 1,348,234. This number includes tv ads, radio
spots, web clicks, and TV pre-roll ads. The Clean Water Education Partnership also runs
a 30-second ad through Screenvision on local theater screens in the local area. The
number of Screenvision ads runs in the Fayetteville area is 2,709.
6. The Stormwater Program partners with Corporate Communications to run a 15-second ad
on Screenvision in local theaters. The ad focuses on “When it rains, it drains” and
keeping our storm drains clean. The ad ran in July 2019 for the reporting year. The June
2020’s ad did not run due to COVID-19
7. The Stormwater Program continues to work with Corporate Communications to advertise
various commercials and bulletins on the City’s government access channel, FayTV, and
YouTube Channel. During the reporting year, Stormwater had several informational
segments air on the channel. Our FayTV crew filmed these segments, and the topics
included the inside look of a stormwater inspector’s job, how to help keep storm drains
clear, and how everyone can be the solution to stormwater pollution. These programs ran
approximately 2,411 times before approximately 100,196 cable subscribers each time.
Additionally, several “still” advertisements were viewed several times per day on FayTV
before a potential viewership of 100,196 cable subscribers each time. See Photograph 2
on the following page for an example of one of the stills.
8. Advertisements continue to be displayed in the interior of the City Bus Fleet. These
laminated “Bus Banners” display the “When It Rains, It Drains” stormwater pollution
prevention message.
9. Stormwater utilized social media outlets such as the City of Fayetteville’s Facebook,
Twitter, and YouTube accounts to promote stormwater pollution prevention messages.
10. The Public Services Department continues to utilize its own Twitter account this past
year, in which the Stormwater Program has promoted several pollution prevention
messages. This past spring, as the COVID-19 pandemic continued to shut down schools,

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events, and other face to face gatherings, the Stormwater Program began to shift more of
its focus towards pushing messages out through the Public Services Twitter page to
promote stormwater education.
11. Stormwater sent out eight media releases and answered several media requests over the
year involving stormwater related information.
12. Most outgoing City mail is stamped with an integral stormwater pollution prevention
message in conjunction and adjacent to the postmark. Four messages are rotated
quarterly and are relative to the time of year. This message reached approximately
61,000 residences over the last 12 months.

Photograph 2: Fayetteville TV Still Example

Photograph 3: Social Media Graphic

The Stormwater Educator continued to make formal presentations to local schools, civic clubs,
and the general public regarding stormwater pollution. The Educator used various activities and
tools such as the Stormwater Floodplain Model, “All About Wetlands,” “Water Quality,” Ask
the Bugs!”, “Parachute the Pollution” and “The Incredible Journey” curriculum to aid in public
education efforts. When giving school presentations, the Educator ensures that the information
provided lines up with curriculum standards, so the presentations are relative to what the students
are learning and reinforce what the teacher has taught. The Educator has created a set of lesson
plans that are easily emailed to teachers before presentations are given in the classroom.

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Providing the materials ahead of time aids the teacher in planning for the Educator’s visit. The
Educator has also created some online content for teachers to use for online instruction and
continues to look for ways to enhance virtual learning.

The Stormwater Program sets up informational booths at several public events throughout the
year. During these events, promotional items such as brochures, flyers, pens, pencils, tattoos,
stickers, cups, water drop stress balls, silicone bracelets, travel pet waste containers, magnets,
notepads, and chip clips are freely distributed. Each promotional item includes contact
information for the Stormwater Program, and some have information about the local stormwater
program. In addition to promotional items, a representative of the Stormwater Program is
present to talk with citizens about the Stormwater Program at most events. Stormee, the
Stormwater Pollution Fighter (mascot), has made several appearances at events throughout the
year. For this reporting year, the Stormwater Program has made approximately 8.932direct and
indirect contacts. The following lists some of the major events that the Stormwater Program has
appeared at:

1. Methodist University Education Day (October 18, 2019)
2. Fayetteville Rotary Christmas Parade (December 14, 2019)

For each event, the Stormwater Educator and Stormwater Staff have provided information
relevant to the event and has provided activities that would engage the participants. The
Stormwater Educator has utilized several activities and tools mentioned above to provide public
awareness about stormwater pollution prevention and the City’s response to it.

Many of the Spring Events that the Stormwater Program is usually involved in were canceled
due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The City hopes that in the coming reporting year, these events
will resume.

Since the Stormwater Program’s inception, a focus has been made to coordinate public education
efforts between various agencies and other City departments to provide information to the public
regarding stormwater pollution prevention. These agencies/departments include, but are not
limited to:
• Fayetteville PWC
• Fayetteville Police Department
• Cumberland County Soil and Water Conservation District
• Cumberland County Cooperative Extension
• Cumberland County Schools
• Fayetteville/Cumberland Parks and Recreation

The following paragraphs describe some of those efforts.

Through a partnership with Stormwater, the Clark Park Nature Center and Lake Rim Park
incorporate stormwater pollution prevention elements in various programs to include the
Environmental Mobile Unit (EMU). This past year, both parks gave stormwater-related
presentations and materials to approximately 1,127 children and civic group members.

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Stormwater continues to share the cost to help supply Parks and Recreation with pet
waste bags that are used in the local public parks. There are seventeen pet waste bag
collection points spread throughout these parks.

Stormwater staff continues to sit on the Cumberland County Green Schools Advisory
Team as an advisory member. The advisory team consists of several community
agencies that meet quarterly to guide the Green Schools Program throughout the school
year. This Green Schools program encourages schools to reduce their waste and increase
conservation so that the school system can be better stewards of the environment and
lower costs for the schools. Through this partnership, the staff helped to give advice
where needed. It was able to strengthen relationships with Cumberland County school
personnel and form relationships with other community partners. Throughout the
COVID-19 pandemic, the Green Schools Advisory Team has continued to meet virtually
via Google Meets.

Stormwater provides educational materials to the Police Department, which distributes
those materials through the local Community Watch program.

The Stormwater Program continues to maintain educational signs along the Cape Fear
River Trail. In total, four signs educate citizens about Stormwater, the importance of
wetlands, and how the habitats surrounding the Cape Fear River benefit the City. Two of
the signs received a facelift this past fall after damage from previous hurricanes had left
them with serious damage.

Photographs 4 & 5: Educational Signs on Cape Fear River Trail

Section 4: Public Involvement and Participation

4.1 Volunteer Involvement Program

The City of Fayetteville, through the Parks and Recreation Department, coordinates two programs,
Adopt-A-Street and Adopt-A-Site, to provide trash and litter pickup along streets and sites that have
been adopted by volunteer groups. The groups volunteer to clean these areas several times a year.
The City provides trash bags along with a list of safety procedures to be followed during the
cleanup. The groups report their activities back to the City, and the City picks up the full trash bags

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for proper disposal. A total of 32 Adopt-A-Street participants take on streets throughout the City
and assume the responsibility to clean the streets several times a year. Additionally, there are 22
specific sites throughout the City of Fayetteville that have been adopted and cleaned regularly.
These groups provide a valuable service toward improving water quality by picking up and
properly disposing of trash and litter that could otherwise discharge into the City’s storm
drainage system during the next rain event.

The Stormwater Program continues to partner with Fayetteville Beautiful, a local affiliation of
Keep America Beautiful. Fayetteville Beautiful is responsible for a citywide clean up each
spring. Fayetteville Beautiful strives to keep the City clean and educate the public about the
importance of putting litter in its proper place, thus keeping it out of local rivers and streams.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the spring clean-up was postponed. Fayetteville Beautiful
hopes to reschedule the clean-up for the future.

4.2 Public Involvement Mechanism

The City continues to have an active Stormwater Advisory Board (SWAB) that meets regularly.
The SWAB was established via ordinance in July 2009 as the City formed its Stormwater Utility
and Program, continuing under the same general format as the Joint Stormwater Advisory Board
as initially established with Cumberland County in 1995.

The City SWAB consisting of Fayetteville citizens provides guidance and advice to the City
Council about the Stormwater Management Program. Additionally, the SWAB has the powers
and duty in matters relating to the administrative review of any orders or decisions made by the
Stormwater Manager. During the past year, the SWAB discussed several items, including
reviewing the Drainage Assistance Program ordinance, approval of Drainage Assistance
Projects, and reviewing the Stormwater Fee. The members are ready to continue their work on
the board and look forward to the next year of service.

4.3 Hotline / Help Line

Information on the City’s Stormwater Hotline can be found previously in this Annual Report in
Section 3.5.

4.4 Public Review and Comment

The Stormwater Plan continues to be posted on the City’s Stormwater webpage for information
and seek public input. Additionally, hard copies have been made available at City Hall for any
interested citizens.

4.5 Public Notice

All regular meetings, special meetings, and hearings of the Stormwater Advisory Board are filed
in accordance with the North Carolina Open Meetings Law. Notices of meetings are posted in a
central location in City Hall and posted on the City’s website. All records, files, and accounts
are considered public records provided in the North Carolina General Statutes.

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The Stormwater Program advertises in the Fayetteville Observer when necessary for Public
Hearing Notices to notify residents about proposed changes to the Stormwater Management
Ordinance.

Section 5: Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination (IDDE)

5.1 Ordinance Administration and Enforcement

Article II. Illicit Connections and Improper Disposal of Chapter 23 Stormwater Management
became effective in the City in July 2009. Prior to that, the City had been covered under
Cumberland County’s Ordinance as part of the previous joint Permit with the County. The City’s
Ordinance contains the same provisions as the previous County Ordinance. The Ordinance
makes it illegal to place, deposit, or discharge anything except for stormwater runoff into the
storm drainage system. There are some “DEQ approved” exceptions, but overall the Ordinance
is very inclusive. The Ordinance provides City staff with a right-of-entry to private property,
including buildings, for enforcement actions when required. There is also a Schedule of Civil
Penalties, reviewed and approved annually by City Council on the City’s Fee Schedule, which
details the fines and penalties associated with ordinance violations. The Ordinance is available
to the public online through the City’s Stormwater website, or through
www.online.encodeplus.com/regs/fayetteville-nc/. During the reporting year, the inspectors
issued 24 Notices of Violation (NOV).

5.2 Stormwater System Inventory

The City has previously inventoried the stormwater system that is considered part of the public
system. Thus, the inventory contains all stormwater structures and conveyances within the public
right-of-way and follows the system to its outfalls into Waters of the State. The parts of the
stormwater system that originate on private property are not part of the inventory. The inventory is
updated with new structures and conveyances as they are constructed through as-builts that are
submitted to the City at project completion.

Stormwater continues to utilize the stormwater inventory to detect and eliminate illicit connections
and improper disposal and continue to ensure that all structures and conveyances are functioning as
intended. This information is also being used to schedule maintenance by the City of Fayetteville,
along with NCDOT. The stormwater system inventory was instrumental in identifying outfalls to
Waters of the State that need to be monitored as part of the field screening process. The stormwater
system inventory was also proactively utilized to identify existing culverts under roadways that
warranted inspection to detect any possible defects or structural problems.

5.3 Inspection / Detection Program

The City investigates possible illicit connections or improper disposal activities to detect and
eliminate them. The City acts as the enforcement agent and has the authority to issue fines.
Additionally, during any enforcement action, the Inspector will educate the violator on stormwater
quality and how similar situations can be avoided in the future. The City followed up on 20
documented work orders as a potential illicit connection or improper disposal. Many of these work
orders involve improper disposal of yard waste, automotive fluids, sediment, and two that involved
restaurants improperly disposing of waste, which are considered improper disposals according to

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the Ordinance. Suppose the potential violation is not obvious, or the need arises to identify a
pollutant more accurately. In that case, the Stormwater Inspectors will collect samples and conduct
water quality monitoring on an as-needed basis. As detailed later in this Annual Report, the City
works closely with the NCDEQ Land Quality Section’s regional office in Fayetteville to correct the
sediment situations and issue possible fines where warranted.

During the stormwater system inventory, the City located and identified all known outfalls to
Waters of the State regardless of their size. As the City has completed the stormwater inventory,
data has been used to identify all major outfalls to Waters of the State that are 36 inches and
greater. The City has identified 279 major outfalls to Waters of the State during this reporting
period. To create a baseline, the City completed an initial dry weather screening of all the major
outfalls once their location was established. Each year, the City aims to screen 100% of the
identified outfalls for dry weather flows and evidence to detect and eliminate illicit connections
or improper disposal. However, if all of the major outfalls cannot be screened, the major outfalls
that are not screened in a given year are placed on the following year’s list and are the first to be
screened. Therefore, most of the major outfalls are screened every year, but they are screened
every two years at a minimum. The results of the screenings are recorded in an Excel
spreadsheet and are considered a permanent record. During this reporting year, 100% of the
major outfalls were screened. During inspections of the outfalls, the Inspector noted several
outfalls had heavy vegetation and iron bacteria present. Some outfalls also had issues present
that were due to construction nearby.

All of the major outfalls were screened for dry weather flows during this reporting year. The
table below reflects the number of outfalls in each of the respective drainage basins.

BASIN NAME # OF OUTFALLS BASIN NAME # OF OUTFALLS
Beaver Creek 1 34 Carvers Creek 10
Beaver Creek 2 26 Cross Creek 41
Beaver Creek 3 10 Little Cross Creek 26
Blounts Creek 48 Little Rockfish 1 12
Bones Creek 18 Little Rockfish 2 2
Buckhead Creek 19 Rockfish 2
Cape Fear 1 16 Stewarts Creek 1
Cape Fear 2 14

Culvert Inspection Program

In November 2013, Stormwater developed a comprehensive Culvert Inspection Program to monitor
the culverts under existing roadways (both City and NCDOT) within the City limits. Culverts are
essential to the City’s infrastructure, as they help control and direct the flow of runoff away from
City streets during rain events. The City has identified over 300 culverts that are inspected yearly.
These culverts are not only inspected for functionality but water quality issues as well.

Inspections are conducted by walking mapped areas of culverts that have been identified. Several
data types are collected during the inspection, such as the culvert's condition, debris/sediment found,
percentage of culvert filled, a severity rating, flowing water, and any obvious water quality issues
(i.e., color, sheen, turbidity). All analysis is done in the field and is addressed with appropriate staff.
If water quality issues are present, samples are collected and tested as needed for various water

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quality issues to include: detergents, total chlorine, total copper, pH, turbidity, dissolved oxygen,
and conductivity.

During the reporting year, 302 culverts were inspected. Of the 302 culverts inspected, most are in
good condition, with only a few having erosion issues and some heavy vegetation. If maintenance
work is needed in any of the culverts, the appropriate agency responsible for the culvert is notified.
For City-maintained culverts, the City Streets Superintendent is notified, and for NCDOT-
maintained culverts, the local NCDOT Maintenance Engineer is notified. Through the Culvert
Inspection Program, the Stormwater Program aims to identify issues with the City’s infrastructure
and correct them before becoming a severe and/or dangerous problem.

Coordination with Fayetteville Public Works Commission (PWC)
Stormwater and PWC continue to work jointly on promoting water quality issues through their
public relations programs. Additionally, Stormwater forwards potential sanitary sewer leaks to
PWC upon discovery. Likewise, PWC alerts Stormwater anytime there is a sanitary sewer
overflow that would potentially impact the water quality of the City’s stormwater drainage
system and, more importantly, local streams. In cases of sanitary sewer overflows, Fayetteville
PWC sends email messages to both the Stormwater Manager and the Stormwater Inspections
Supervisor detailing the specifics of the occurrence. Responses by Stormwater may vary
depending on the nature of the problem and the threat to water quality. Therefore, there is open
communication and continuous dialogue between these two agencies.

During the reporting year, PWC notified Stormwater and NCDEQ of 27 sanitary sewer
overflows. Information on the overflows is as follows:
• September 19, 2019, Sanitary Sewer overflow at 4203 Sweetwater Dr, Fayetteville
Approximately 3150 gallons entered the system.
• September 26, 2019, Sanitary sewer overflow at 3469 Black & Decker Road, Fayetteville
Approximately 1792 gallons entered the system.
• October 24, 2019, Sanitary sewer overflow at 671 Daharan Drive, Fayetteville
Approximately 114 gallons entered the system
• October 28, 2019, Sanitary sewer overflow 225 Green Street, Fayetteville,
Approximately 550gallons entered the system.
• December 31, 2019, Sanitary sewer overflow 309 Youngberry St, Fayetteville
Approximately 8,742 gallons entered the system.
• January 7, 2020, Sanitary sewer overflow at 5400 Ramsey Street, Fayetteville
Approximately 4,150 gallons entered the system.
• January 28, 2020, Sanitary sewer overflow at 6124 Lake Trail Dr, Fayetteville
Approximately 485gallons entered the system.
• February 6, 2020, Sanitary sewer overflow at 1102 Simpson St, Fayetteville
Approximately 1,275 gallons entered the system.
• February 6, 2020, Sanitary sewer overflow at 1217 Simpson St, Fayetteville
Approximately 2,550 gallons entered the system.
• March 31, 2020, Sanitary sewer overflow at 771 Ashfield Dr, Fayetteville
Approximately 2,150 gallons entered the system.
• April 7, 2020, Sanitary sewer overflow at 2560 Mary Charles Loop, Fayetteville
Approximately 2,275 gallons entered the system.
• April 10, 2020, Sanitary sewer overflow at 6852 Mahogany Rd, Fayetteville
Approximately 555 gallons entered the system.

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• May 18, 2020, Sanitary sewer overflow at 5508 Glenrock Drive, Fayetteville
Approximately 2,725 gallons entered the system.
• May 19, 2020, Sanitary sewer overflow at 804 Ellis St, Fayetteville
Approximately 2,400 gallons entered the system.
• May 22, 2020, Sanitary sewer overflow at 495 Neville Street, Fayetteville
Approximately 225 gallons entered the system.
• May 22, 2020, Sanitary sewer overflow at 219 Longview Dr, Fayetteville
Approximately 31,410 gallons entered the system.
• June 8, 2020, Sanitary sewer overflow at 1925 James Hammer Way, Fayetteville
Approximately 220 gallons entered the system.
• June 17, 2020, Sanitary sewer overflow at 414 Lansdowne Road, Fayetteville
Approximately 5 gallons entered the system.
Coordination with County Health Department
Stormwater continues to forward discoveries of failing and potentially failing septic tanks to the
Cumberland County Health Department and works with their personnel as needed to resolve the
matter. The number of septic tank failures within Fayetteville's city limits was not readily
available because, at the time of this report, the County had not finished their Annual Report.
When issues arise, they are addressed by repairing the system and/or connecting to a sanitary
sewer. Additionally, Stormwater has coordinated with the County Health Department to resolve
stagnant water and mosquito problems.

Sanitary Sewer Extension
In addition to the above coordination with the County Health Department, Cumberland County
properties primarily on septic tank continue to be annexed into the City of Fayetteville. As a
result, these properties will be converted over time to the sanitary sewer. Thus, the proliferation
of septic tanks in the urbanized area continues to be reduced. Therefore, reducing the
opportunity where septic tanks can fail can impact the local water quality.

5.4 Employee Training

Stormwater has documented “selected” training that each of the Stormwater staff has received
over time. The Inspectors have attended a variety of internal and external classes, training
seminars, and certification programs. Thus, each of the Inspectors has had adequate training to
effectively inspect illicit connections, industrial facilities, stormwater SCMs, etc. Inspectors are
also given opportunities for on the job training in each of these areas. Some of the major
certifications that the Inspectors continue to receive training on are:
• Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination Training
• Hazardous Materials Operations/OSHA Level II Chemical Spill Response
• Stormwater Permit and SWPPP Compliance Training
• Stormwater SCM Maintenance Training
• Erosion and Sediment Control Training I and II
• NPDES Certified Stormwater Inspector
• NC Notary Training
• Surface Water Identification Training and Certification
• OSHA 10 Hour Safety Course

The City of Fayetteville sent several representatives, including Stormwater staff, to the 2019
APWA NC Stormwater Management Division’s Fall Conference. Stormwater professionals

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from throughout North Carolina attended the event. It included educational sessions that
addressed current stormwater issues in North Carolina and networking opportunities for
professionals and peers.

Engineering Division staff received training on the Stormwater SCM Reviewer Certification
through North Carolina State University. The staff recertifies their certification as it expires.
Staff also attended classes on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Low Impact
Development (LID) to stay current with these programs.

Stormwater continues to utilize the online training program to provide annual stormwater
pollution prevention training to City employees. During this reporting year, FAST Bus Garage
employees were trained using this online program.

5.5 Public Education and Outreach

Ongoing inspection visits of specific businesses such as commercial car washes, carpet cleaners,
lawn care services, charitable car washes, etc. ensure continued education as to proper material
disposal. The City provides free educational videos to businesses and other entities who may pose a
potentially high risk for pollution to educate them on stormwater pollution prevention. A
description of these videos can be found in Section 8.9 (Employee / Staff Training) of this report.
Follow-up investigations and monitoring occur on all potential illicit connections and improper
disposal activities.

5.6 Public Reporting Mechanism

Information on the City’s Stormwater Hotline can be found previously in this Annual Report in
Section 3.5.

Section 6: Construction Site Runoff Controls

6.1 Locally Delegated Program

The City does not currently have a locally delegated erosion control program for administrating a
Construction Site Runoff Controls Program. This program has been and is now provided by the
local office of the NCDEQ Land Quality Section. Even though the City’s existing Construction
Site Runoff program is handled by the local office of the NCDEQ Land Quality Section, the City
continues to aggressively inspect construction sites brought to their attention through complaints
or other sources. The City developed a standard operating procedure (SOP) that provides a step-
by-step outline of how to perform the inspection and any needed follow-up. These activities are
fully coordinated with NCDEQ Land Quality Section. There continues to be an excellent
working relationship between the City and NCDEQ to address all problems associated with
construction sites.

Additionally, the above-referenced program by NCDEQ’s Land Quality Section regulates
construction sites that are one (1) acre and larger. The City considers smaller sites as potentially
discharging sediment and performs inspections and pursues enforcement measures through our
local Ordinance when needed.

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Section 7: Post-Construction Site Runoff Controls

7.1 Post-Construction Stormwater Management Program

During the last year, the City continued to perform engineering reviews of new development plans,
both commercial and single-family, based on the City’s Stormwater Management Ordinance,
Chapter 23 of the City of Fayetteville’s Code of Ordinances. Article III, Stormwater Control,
requires stormwater SCMs to control peak discharge on new development and redevelopment so
that the post-development peak discharge rate will be no greater than the predevelopment peak
discharge rate. This provision minimizes the downstream flooding impacts arising from new
development. In February 2012, the City adopted proposed revisions to Article III to make the
Ordinance compliant with Phase II post-construction requirements. The Article was subsequently
approved by the Division of Water Quality (DWQ). Based on the State’s approval, the City of
Fayetteville has delegated the authority to administer the post-construction program on a local level.
Therefore, the Ordinance contains both stormwater quantity and quality provisions. Last of all, and
to address the concern regarding the ongoing maintenance of stormwater facilities in single-family
subdivisions, the City decided to accept the functional maintenance responsibility for these
facilities, if the developer requests such.

During this reporting year, no changes were made to the Ordinance. Staff continues to review the
Ordinance to ensure that it serves its purpose the way it is written. Additionally, City staff continues
to regularly meet with the Homebuilders Association of Fayetteville (HBAF) as the City’s Post-
Construction Stormwater Management Program continues to evolve. Thus, there is an ongoing
dialogue with the development community on the Ordinance, its provisions, and its implementation.

The above referenced Stormwater Management Ordinance is available on the City’s website as
well as through the Internet at http://www.online.encodeplus.com/regs/fayetteville-nc/.

7.2 Post-Construction SCM Strategies

The above referenced Article III utilizes the “Stormwater Design Manual” as developed by the
North Carolina Division of Water Quality. Therefore, local engineers and developers can utilize
any of the SCMs in the Manual to address their post-construction site runoff control requirements.
Currently, the City of Fayetteville utilizes the State’s Stormwater Design Manual in its locally
delegated Water Supply Watershed and Phase II Stormwater Programs.

Article III requires the long term operation and maintenance of structural SCMs by the property
owner. This is accomplished by requiring that the structural SCM be inspected annually and the
inspection report submitted to the City of Fayetteville. The inspection and report are designed to
determine any maintenance needs and how they are to be repaired. Article III requires that the
inspection be performed and the report signed by a qualified professional. The City’s Stormwater
Management Ordinance defines a qualified professional as “a qualified registered North Carolina
professional engineer, surveyor, landscape architect, soil scientist, aquatic biologist, or a person
certified by the North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service for stormwater treatment practice
inspection and maintenance.”

The exception to the above is in single-family subdivisions where the developer requests that the
City provide the functional maintenance responsibility for the structural SCM. In these cases,

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the City performs the annual inspection and determines any functional maintenance needs. If
necessary, City resources provide the needed repairs. The property owners in the subdivision are
still responsible for the routine maintenance such as grass cutting, trash removal, and
landscaping.

During the reporting year, the Engineering staff reviewed 58 plans for initial compliance with the
Stormwater Ordinance and Administrative Manual and other local requirements and had 70 plans
resubmitted for review. Additionally, inspections were made at various stages of the SCM
installation process to ensure that the SCM will be functional once the project is complete.

7.3 Deed Restrictions and Protective Covenants

Section 23-32 Minimum Stormwater Quality Control Requirements of Article III of the
Ordinance contains the following provision:
The approval of the stormwater permit shall require an enforceable restriction on
property usage that runs with the land, such as a recorded deed restriction or
protective covenants, to ensure that future development and redevelopment
maintains the site consistent with the approved project plans.

7.4 Operation and Maintenance Plan

Section 23-27 Plan Requirements of Article III of the Ordinance contains the following
provision:
A plan for maintenance of privately-owned stormwater management facilities
shall be included as part of the stormwater design plan which as a minimum shall
specify the following:
a. Types of maintenance activities which should be anticipated so that the
proposed drainage system and stormwater management facilities will
operate as designed.
b. The frequency and amount of maintenance that should be anticipated.
c. The equipment that will be required to perform the needed maintenance.
d. Name, address, and telephone number of the party responsible for
maintenance.

Section 23-39 outlines the requirements for the operation and
maintenance agreement which must be executed on all privately-owned
stormwater management facilities. The city shall provide a standard
agreement for this purpose.

Please note that Article III of the Ordinance requires that the above Operation and Maintenance
Plan be submitted to the City for review and approval prior to the issuance of a permit for the
construction of the improvements.

7.5 Setbacks for Built-Upon Areas

Section 23-32 Minimum Stormwater Quality Control Requirements of Article III of the
Ordinance contains the following provisions:
For low-density projects:

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Built-upon area shall be at a minimum of 30 feet landward of all perennial and
intermittent surface waters draining less than or equal to 640 acres. Built-upon
area shall be at a minimum of 75 feet landward of all perennial and intermittent
surface waters draining greater than 640 acres.

For high-density projects:
Built-upon area shall be at a minimum of 50 feet landward of all perennial and
intermittent surface waters draining less than or equal to 640 acres. Built-upon
area shall be at a minimum of 75 feet landward of all perennial and intermittent
surface waters draining greater than 640 acres.

7.6 Education and Training Program

Stormwater maintains an Administrative Manual that details how stormwater plans are to be
prepared, submitted, and reviewed by the City. The Manual outlines the entire process from
approval of the construction plans to the stormwater control measures' inspection and approval
(SCMs). The Manual was specifically prepared to educate and train engineers and developers on
the new requirements for Post-Construction Site Runoff Controls. The City engaged a
Stakeholder Committee consisting of local engineers and developers to assist in developing the
Administrative Manual.

Since the Administrative Manual became effective in February 2012, local engineers and
developers have used it to prepare, and submittal plans to the City. In particular, the Appendices
contain numerous forms required during the design, construction, and closeout phases of the
stormwater SCMs. Additionally, City staff uses the Manual to review and approve the design,
construction, and closeout of all stormwater projects. In particular, the Appendices contain
numerous form letters that the City utilizes to approve, disapprove or issue notices of violation for
all phases of a stormwater project. Stormwater also plans to review and update the Administrative
Manual regularly to ensure that it reflects any updates to Article III of the Ordinance (Stormwater
Control) or other procedural modifications. The Administrative Manual is available to the public on
the City of Fayetteville Stormwater website (www.fayettevillenc.gov/stormwater).

Section 8: Pollution Prevention and Good Housekeeping for Municipal Operations

8.1 Operation and Maintenance Program

The City provides an extensive network of municipal operations designed to keep these
operations and services functioning properly. These operations impact the storm sewer system
directly, such as storm sewer system maintenance and street sweeping, and indirectly, such as
landscape management and municipal building maintenance. The cumulative impact of all these
operations on the storm sewer system can potentially be significant, so it is important to have
operation and maintenance programs that consider impacts on the storm sewer system.

First of all, the City has developed a list of its facilities that have significant potential for
generating polluted stormwater runoff. A list of these facilities is provided in Section 8.2.
During this past year and for many previous years, the Stormwater Inspectors have inspected
each of these facilities for any situations that may generate polluted stormwater runoff. Any

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concerns that are found during the initial inspection are always verified and corrected during
follow-up inspections.

Also, the Stormwater Program is in ongoing contact with those other City operations that have
the potential for impacting stormwater runoff. In particular and as outlined in Section 5.4,
Stormwater oversees and coordinates various training opportunities for City employees, the
FAST Bus Garage. Additionally, City employees are reminded about how their actions can
impact stormwater runoff quality through the Public Education and Outreach Program. Training
is generally done in the Spring. Due to COVID-19 restrictions, training was suspended for the
reporting year. The staff is working to provide training for the next reporting year safely.

Recycling
Regarding the recycling of household items, the City of Fayetteville’s Solid Waste Division
provides a curbside recycling program for its citizens where recyclables are picked up weekly.
Citizens are given a choice whether to use the standard 36-gallon rollout container or purchase a
96-gallon rollout container. Items suitable for recycling are glass bottles and containers, plastic
containers, aluminum cans, steel cans, newspapers, corrugated cardboard and food boxes, and
mixed paper. The recycling program reduces the amount of waste going to the landfill and
reduces the opportunity for these items to end up in the storm drainage system. The City of
Fayetteville also has seven sites where recyclable items can be dropped off throughout the City
to include recreational centers and fire stations.

Household Hazardous Waste
The Cumberland County Household Hazardous Waste (HHW) Facility continues to provide for
the proper disposal of household hazardous waste materials. The HHW Facility reported that
9,520pounds of household hazardous waste had been collected and processed during the past
year.

Used Oil Collection
The used oil recycling program continued in the private commercial sector. Also, the County
Solid Waste Department provides used oil recycling at its rural container sites as well as the Ann
Street Landfill and Household Hazardous Waste (HHW) Facility. The HHW Facility reported
that 9,209 pounds of motor oil were collected last year.

8.2 Facility Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plans

In previous years, Site Pollution Prevention Plans (SPPP) have been developed for all of the City
of Fayetteville facilities listed in Section 8.3. The SPPPs are used as an implementation guide
for maintaining good housekeeping and reducing stormwater pollution. Topics covered in the
SPPP include best management practices, monitoring, training, inspections, spill
prevention/response, vehicle/equipment cleaning, and preventative maintenance. Pertinent staff
from each facility was trained on their respective Site Pollution Prevention Plan when the plan
was developed and provided to the facility.

8.3 Facility Inventory and Site Inspections

Facility Industrial
Permit
Physical Address

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PWC Wastewater Treatment Plant (Cross Creek) 601 North Eastern Boulevard
PWC Water Treatment Plant (P.O. Hoffer) 502 Hoffer Drive
PWC Water Treatment Plant (Glenville Lake) 628 Filter Plant Road
PWC Electrical Storage Yard 1035 Old Wilmington Road
PWC Fleet Maintenance Facility 1035 Old Wilmington Road
PWC Electric Generation Plant (Butler Warner) 2274 Custer Avenue
Fayetteville Regional Airport Yes 400 Airport Road
Fayetteville Area System of Transit Bus Garage Yes 455 Grove Street
Solid Waste Facility 455 Grove Street
Building Maintenance Facility & Fueling Station 325 Grove Street
Street Division Facility 335 Alexander Street
Milan Street Storage Yard 400 Milan Road
Marsh Street Storage Facility and Truck Wash 704 Marsh Street
Parks and Recreation Maintenance Facility 602 Ann Street
Parks and Recreation Maintenance / Storage
Facility
214 Gray Street
Waste Industries Transfer Station 583 Winslow Street

Fayetteville Public Works Commission (PWC) Wastewater Treatment Plant (Cross Creek)
Due to COVID-19 and the resulting government shutdown, the inspections staff were unable to
inspect this facility. All of the facilities that were unable to be inspected due to the shutdown will
be the first to be inspected in the next reporting year, provided that the facility is allowing
outside visitors.

Fayetteville Public Works Commission (PWC) Water Treatment Plant (P.O. Hoffer)
The Hoffer Treatment Plant was inspected on June 17, 2020. There were no apparent issues at
the facility. The Supervisor of the Hoffer Water Treatment Plant was emailed the inspection
summary dated June 18, 2020.

Fayetteville Public Works Commission (PWC) Electrical Storage Yard
The PWC Electrical Storage Yard was inspected by Stormwater on June 17, 2020, and did not
any areas of concern. PWC Environmental Compliance staff was informed of the inspection via
a letter from Stormwater written on June 30, 2020.

Fayetteville Public Works Commission (PWC) Fleet Maintenance Facility
The PWC Fleet Maintenance Facility was inspected by Stormwater on June 17, 2020, and did
not have any areas of concern. PWC Environmental Compliance staff was informed of
deficiencies via a letter from Stormwater written on June 30, 2020.

Fayetteville Public Works Commission (PWC) Electric Generation Plant (Butler Warner)
The PWC Butler Warner Electric Generation Plant currently operates under a State Industrial
Permit (NCS000369). This facility was last inspected by Stormwater on March 28, 2019. There
were no issues found at the inspection time, and the supervisor was sent an inspection summary
via email on 4-1-19.

Fayetteville Regional Airport

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The Fayetteville Regional Airport currently operates under Certificate of Coverage Number
NCG150056, issued on June 4, 2010. The NC Division of Water Quality reissued the General
Permit (NCG150000) for this Certificate of Coverage on September 1, 2014. This facility was
last inspected by Stormwater on October 14, 2019. There were no discrepancies noted during the
inspection, and the supervisor was sent an inspection summary via email on October 14, 2019.

Fayetteville Area System of Transit (FAST) Bus Garage
Due to COVID-19 and the resulting government shutdown, the inspections staff were unable to
inspect this facility. All of the facilities that were unable to be inspected due to the shutdown will
be the first to be inspected in the next reporting year, provided that the facility is allowing
outside visitors.
Solid Waste Facility
Due to COVID-19 and the resulting government shutdown, the inspections staff were unable to
inspect this facility. All of the facilities that were unable to be inspected due to the shutdown will
be the first to be inspected in the next reporting year, provided that the facility is allowing
outside visitors.

Building Maintenance Facility and Fueling Station
Due to COVID-19 and the resulting government shutdown, the inspections staff were unable to
inspect this facility. All of the facilities that were unable to be inspected due to the shutdown will
be the first to be inspected in the next reporting year, provided that the facility is allowing
outside visitors.

Street Division Facility
This facility was inspected by Stormwater on June 24, 2020. The facility was found to have
some concerns with the cleanup of wind-blown debris, and pallets should be localized in one
area at each site. The Streets Division Superintendent and City Traffic Engineer were informed
of deficiencies via a letter on July 8, 2020.

Milan Road Storage Yard
This location was last inspected by Stormwater on June 24, 2020, and was found to need repair
of the back right corner of the construction pile to prevent stagnant water. The Superintendent of
Street Maintenance was informed of the deficiency via a letter dated July 8, 2020.

Marsh Street Storage Facility and Truck Wash
This facility was last inspected by Stormwater on June 24, 2020, and was found to have
deficiencies that needed to be addressed. Corrective actions to be taken are to refresh the rock
entrance/exit into the site. The rock conveyance leading to the stormwater outfall and the
sand/salt pile should be covered and have a berm installed to prevent runoff into the stormwater
drainage system. The Superintendent of Street Maintenance was informed of deficiencies via a
letter from Stormwater on July 8, 2020.

Parks and Recreation Maintenance Facility on Ann Street
Due to COVID-19 and the resulting government shutdown, the inspections staff were unable to
inspect this facility. All of the facilities that were unable to be inspected due to the shutdown will
be the first to be inspected in the next reporting year, provided that the facility is allowing
outside visitors.

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Parks and Recreation Maintenance / Storage Facility on Gray Street
Due to COVID-19 and the resulting government shutdown, the inspections staff were unable to
inspect this facility. All of the facilities that were unable to be inspected due to the shutdown will
be the first to be inspected in the next reporting year, provided that the facility is allowing
outside visitors.

Waste Industries Transfer Station
Due to COVID-19 and the resulting government shutdown, the inspections staff were unable to
inspect this facility. All of the facilities that were unable to be inspected due to the shutdown will
be the first to be inspected in the next reporting year, provided that the facility is allowing
outside visitors.

8.4 Municipal Spill Response Procedures

Spill Response Procedures have been developed and incorporated into the previously mentioned
Site Pollution Prevention Plans for Milan Road Storage Yard located at 400 Milan Road, Marsh
Street Facility located at 704 Marsh Street, Street Maintenance and Traffic Services Facility
located at 335 Alexander Street, Building Maintenance, Parks and Recreation Facility and
Fueling Station located at 280 Lamon Street, the Parks and Recreation Maintenance Facility
located at 602 Ann Street, and the Parks and Recreation Maintenance / Storage Facility located at
214 Gray Street. Within the SPPPs, the municipal spill response procedures for each facility
have been identified and outlined. Training is generally done in the Spring. Due to COVID-19
restrictions, training was suspended for the reporting year. The staff is working to provide
training for the next reporting year safely.

Additionally, Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure (SPCC) Plans have been developed
for the following:
• PWC Wastewater Treatment Plant (Cross Creek) located at 601 North Eastern Boulevard
• PWC Water Treatment Plant (P.O. Hoffer) located at 502 Hoffer Drive
• PWC Water Treatment Plant (Glenville Lake) located at 628 Filter Plant Road
• PWC Electrical Storage Yard and Fleet Maintenance Facility located at 1035 Old
Wilmington Road
• PWC Electric Generation Plant is located at 2274 Custer Avenue.

As part of these SPCC Plans, Facility Maps showing the onsite stormwater system and flow
directions have been developed to control any spills that might occur.

8.5 Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning Operations

The Marsh Street Truck Wash is used to wash trucks, street sweepers, other heavy equipment,
etc. The facility was constructed with sumps in the drain inlets where sediment will settle out
and later removed and disposed of properly by the City’s Jet-Vac. The system also drains to an
oil/water separator where the discharge is treated. Finally, the wash water is eventually
discharged to the sanitary sewer, not the storm drainage system.

8.6 BMP Evaluation for Streets, Roads, and Public Parking Lots Maintenance

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Based on the City’s previous evaluation of BMPs in 2016 to reduce polluted stormwater runoff
from municipally-owned streets, roads, and public parking lots within the corporate limits, the
City continues to follow the select BMPs to implement fully:
• Street Sweeping
• Yard Waste Containerization
• Loose Leaf Collection
• Spill Response (HAZMAT)
• Person Street “Greenstreet” Streetscape
• Public Parking Lots
• Animal Control
• Dog Park
• Coordination with NCDOT

Each of the above BMPs is detailed in Section 8.7.

8.7 BMP Implementation for Streets, Roads, and Public Parking Lots Maintenance

Street Sweeping
Street Sweeping operations are an effective best management practice for water quality, in that it
removes potential pollutants from entering the storm drainage system during rain events. The
Stormwater Program now provides all funding for the City’s street sweeping operations. The City
Street Maintenance Division performs this service on City streets and some NCDOT roads,
including selected thoroughfares, through a maintenance agreement. Regarding the street sweeping
schedule, the thoroughfares are typically swept at night due to less traffic. These streets are swept
ten (10) times during the year or about once per month except during the heart of winter. The
sweeping process requires a water spray that does not work well in cold temperatures. The
thoroughfare schedule includes NCDOT streets through the agreement previously referenced.
Residential/subdivision streets are swept four (4) times per year plus shortly behind the leaf
collection as close as possible. Thus, most residential / subdivision streets are swept five (5) or six
(6) times per year. During the past reporting year, 3,205 tons of debris were removed due to the
City’s street sweeping efforts.

Yard Waste Containerization
The City’s Solid Waste Division collects containerized yard waste once per week throughout the
year. Citizens have the choice to purchase a brown yard waste container through Solid Waste, or
may use clear plastic yard waste bags or other approved containers to containerize debris.
Containerization of yard waste and debris helps the City to continue to look appealing, as well as
to prevent this material from flowing into the storm drainage system. Details regarding the
pickup of yard waste are outlined in Chapter 22, Article I of the City’s Solid Waste Ordinance.
Stormwater promotes yard waste containerization through its educational program to help
prevent stormwater pollution.
Loose Leaf Collection
Stormwater promotes the City of Fayetteville’s loose-leaf collection. During the fall leaf season,
City residents can place their loose leaves and pine straw at the curb for pick-up during specific
collection periods. This program provides for the timely removal of the leaves before them
being washed into the storm drainage system. Stormwater coordinates with Solid Waste to
educate citizens on proper placement of their loose yard waste to ensure that it does not reach the
drainage system. At other times throughout the year, Chapter 22, Article I of the City’s Solid

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Waste Ordinance, requires containerization of all leaves for efficient and effective pick-up.
Again, the containerization requirement keeps the leaves from being washed down streets and
other conveyances and into the storm drainage system.

Spill Response
The Hazardous Materials (HAZMAT) Team continues to provide regional emergency spill
response. The HAZMAT unit members are skilled firemen and certified in hazardous materials
by the State of North Carolina. Firefighters who are part of the HAZMAT team also receive a
wide variety of training to handle different hazardous materials and situations once they are
assigned. The State of North Carolina also contracts the HAZMAT team as one of seven
Regional Response teams. The team is in charge of responding to incidents that cover a twelve
county area. Through these response teams, counties in the region receive the necessary help
and materials to handle large HAZMAT calls.

HAZMAT responds anytime there is an opportunity where hazardous materials or substances
might be discharged to the environment. The Stormwater Program is concerned about those
incidents where hazardous materials or substances might be discharged into the storm drainage
system and possibly into Waters of the State. During the reporting year, HAZMAT responded to
8 documented spills or releases within the City Limits that had the potential of impacting the
storm drainage system.

Stormwater takes an active role in any HAZMAT spill response where material could potentially
enter the drainage system and, eventually, Waters of the State. Stormwater will plug any
drainage lines in the vicinity of a spill where the spill might enter a portion of the drainage
system. If necessary, Stormwater will contact an environmental firm qualified to clean materials
out of the storm drainage system. Stormwater coordinates the efforts to ensure that hazardous
materials do not reach the Waters of the State.

Person Street “Greenstreet” Streetscape
Previously, City Engineering completed the design on a “Greenstreet” project for two blocks of
Person Street (a major corridor for Downtown Fayetteville). During the reporting year, the City
of Fayetteville completed construction on Person Street's two block street renovation. Person
Street is located upstream and discharges its runoff to Blounts Creek. This project's design
incorporates innovative Low Impact Development (LID) devices, which aids in runoff reduction
and pollution reduction. Devices such as linear bio-filtration bump-outs, Silva Cells, and an
experimental undersized permeable pavement design are used in this project. These devices
meet LID volume reduction and quality improvement goals for this project. Blounts Creek is a
biologically impaired stream upstream of the Greenstreet project and benefits from improved
water quality from the devices.

This project’s objective is to evaluate the applicability of Silva Cells, a subsurface stormwater
system, to urban environments within the Sandhills region. The project also assesses using LID
practices within existing linear transportation right-of-ways and analyzes the potential to increase
the recommended permeable pavement drainage areas. The anticipated goals to be accomplished
through this project include decreasing the overall runoff volume entering into Blounts Creek,
increasing the stormwater runoff quality, expanding public education regarding stormwater
impacts, providing a more pedestrian-friendly transportation corridor, and revitalizing the
aesthetic value of this thoroughfare through infrastructure upgrades.

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The City of Fayetteville and NC State University’s Biological and Agricultural Engineering
Stormwater Engineering Group continued to research this project during the reporting year. The
Person Street project will provide results that can be disseminated on a national and international
scale through publication in scientific journals and technical papers. Through this dissemination
of information, it is the objective that LID implementation in urban environments will be more
widely used and accepted. NCSU is expected to complete their research during the next reporting
year.

The City of Fayetteville is looking to set the example to the development community and
surrounding communities by leading the way in environmental stewardship and implementation
of LID practices.

The City continues to maintain the educational signs that describe the stormwater control
measures along the Greenstreet.
Photographs 6 & 7: Person Street Educational Signs

Animal Control
The City of Fayetteville follows Chapter 3, Article II of Cumberland County’s Animal Control
Ordinance within the City limits. This Ordinance requires owners of animals to immediately
dispose of animal waste from any public or private property properly. Violators of this
Ordinance can face violation notices and fines, leading to the loss of animals (until fees are paid)
for habitual offenders. This ordinance helps our community to look better, and it has a positive
impact on water quality.

Dog Park
A trend in many communities is to set aside a public place where owners can bring their dogs for
recreation. Along those lines, the City of Fayetteville operates the Riverside Dog Park, located near
the Cape Fear Botanical Gardens. The park is a joint effort of community involvement between the
Bark for a Park committee and Fayetteville / Cumberland Parks and Recreation. There are two
designated areas, one for dogs smaller than twenty-five pounds and the other for any dog larger. All
dogs in the park are on a leash and have licenses and tags on their collars.

Additionally, dog owners are educated and encouraged to dispose of their dog’s waste properly.
The park is supplied with dog waste bags to help promote this behavior. The proper disposal of dog
waste makes for a better park, but it also improves the stormwater runoff's quality leaving the park.

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Coordination with NCDOT
Stormwater continues to coordinate with the local NCDOT on various stormwater activities such as
street sweeping and ditch maintenance programs and issues related to their NPDES permit
implementation.

8.8 Operation and Maintenance for Municipally Owned or Maintained Structural Stormwater
SCMs and Storm Sewer System

On May 1, 2015, the City finalized the document “Operation and Maintenance for Municipally-
Owned or Maintained Structural Stormwater SCMs and the Storm Sewer System.” This
document summarized the City’s operation and maintenance program for structural stormwater
SCMs and the storm sewer system (including catch basins, the conveyance system, and structural
stormwater controls). The City’s operation and maintenance program highlight the following
components:
• Structural Stormwater SCMs
• Maintenance Transfer Program
• Drainage Inspection
• Drainage System Maintenance
• Limited Creek Cleaning Program
• Beaver Management Program

Each of the above components is detailed below.

Additionally, to supplement the above-referenced document, the Stormwater staff during the
reporting year reviewed several Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for various activities
involving the inspection and maintenance of the stormwater drainage system. The SOPs are as
follows:
• Storm Drainage System Maintenance and Inspection
• Catch Basin Maintenance and Inspection
• Drainage Ditch Maintenance and Inspection

Structural Stormwater SCMs
The City of Fayetteville owns or maintains several structural stormwater SCMs throughout the
City. The following is a list of those structural stormwater SCMs, the type of SCM, and the
entity responsible for maintenance:

Structural SCM Location Type Maintenance
Responsibility
Airborne and Special Operations
Museum
Rain Garden,
Constructed Wetland,
and Bioretention Areas
City of Fayetteville
Fayetteville Regional Airport Dry Extended
Detention Basin and
Grassed Swale
Airport Grounds
Maintenance

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Swainey Avenue Dry Extended
Detention Basin
City of Fayetteville
Butler Warner Generation Plant Wet Detention Basin Fayetteville PWC Grounds
Maintenance
Waddell Drive Wet Detention Basin Fayetteville PWC
Maintenance
Thelbert Drive Wet Detention Basin Fayetteville PWC
Maintenance
Fayetteville PWC Electrical Storage
Yard
Sediment Basin Fayetteville PWC Grounds
Maintenance
Winslow Street Transfer Station Wet Detention Basin,
Forebay, and Sediment
Baskets
Waste Management
Person Street “Greenstreet” Streetscape Linear Bio-Filtration
Swales, 13 Bio-
Retention Bump-Outs,
Silva Cells, Permeable
Pavement, and Filterra
Bioretention Systems
City of Fayetteville
James Creek North Extended Dry
Detention Basin
City of Fayetteville
Transit Multi-Model Facility Rain Harvesting for
Irrigation
Fayetteville Area Transit
System (FAST)
Rosehill Road Aquatic Center Extended Dry
Detention Basin
City of Fayetteville
Fire Station #12 Hope Mills Road Wet Detention Basin City of Fayetteville
Westover Aquatic Center Extended Dry
Detention Basin
City of Fayetteville
College Lakes Aquatic Center Extended Dry
Detention Basin
City of Fayetteville
Lake Rim Aquatic Center Extended Dry
Detention Basin
City of Fayetteville
Fayetteville Skate Park Extended Dry
Detention Pond
City of Fayetteville
Legend Avenue Phase 1 Wet Detention Pond City of Fayetteville
Legend Avenue Phase II Extended Dry
Detention Pond
City of Fayetteville
Rayconda Connector (Pinewood
Terrace)
Wet Detention Pond City of Fayetteville
The Stormwater Inspectors inspect each of the above SCMs on an annual basis. The Inspectors
utilize the BMP Maintenance and Inspection Checklist as contained in Appendix 4-3 of the City
of Fayetteville’s “Administrative Manual for Implementation of the Stormwater Control
Ordinance” for that specific structural stormwater SCM.

The annual maintenance on each of the SCMs is performed by personnel from the City
Department or other responsible party as listed above. First of all, maintenance activities focus
on issues as outlined in the above-referenced Inspection Report. Additionally, the maintenance

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personnel performs those maintenance tasks as outlined in the applicable Maintenance Tasks and
Schedule contained in Appendix 4-2 (SCM Maintenance Plan) of the City of Fayetteville’s
“Administrative Manual for Implementation of the Stormwater Control Ordinance.”

Regarding the innovative Low Impact Development (LID) devices anticipated as part of the
Person Street “Greenstreet” Streetscape, Operation and Maintenance Manuals will be developed
as part of the design and construction process. Once installed and properly functioning, these
structural stormwater SCMs will be maintained by the Stormwater Program accordingly.

Maintenance Transfer Program
Chapter 23 (Stormwater Management), Article III (Stormwater Control) of the City of
Fayetteville Code of Ordinances contains provisions that allow developers of single-family
residential subdivisions to transfer functional maintenance responsibility of their SCMs to the
City. This transfer takes place once the SCM has been constructed and fully functional for at
least one year. The groundcover and required plant life must also be fully established before the
transfer of functional maintenance responsibility. The homeowner association will own the
property where the SCM is located. Therefore, the homeowner association will have
responsibility for the routine maintenance of the facility. Routine maintenance includes the
cutting of the grass, trash removal, and upkeep of the landscaping. The homeowner association
is also required to remove any invasive plant life, such as cattails, hydrilla, etc.

The following is a list of those structural stormwaterSCMs and the type of SCM that have been
transferred to the City for functional maintenance:

Structural Stormwater SCM Type
Lakedale Ph1 Wet Detention
Winberry Subdivision Dry Extended Detention Basin
Stonegate Section 3 Basin A Wet Detention
Stonegate Section 3 Basin B Wet Detention
Tullamore Square Dry Extended Detention Basin

The Stormwater Inspectors inspect the dry extended detention basins in the James Creek North
and Winberry subdivisions annually. The Stormwater Inspectors use the SCM Maintenance and
Inspection Checklist, Dry Extended Detention Basin as contained in Appendix 4-3 of the City of
Fayetteville’s “Administrative Manual for Implementation of the Stormwater Control
Ordinance” to perform these inspections.

Maintenance of these dry extended detention basins is conducted by Stormwater Program
personnel based on issues highlighted in the above-referenced Inspection Report. In addition to
addressing those maintenance issues observed during the annual inspection, Stormwater Program
personnel perform the maintenance tasks as outlined in Dry Extended Detention Basin,
Maintenance Tasks and Schedule contained in Appendix 4-2 (SCM Maintenance Plan) of the
City of Fayetteville’s “Administrative Manual for Implementation of the Stormwater Control
Ordinance.”

Drainage Inspection
Stormwater originally and continues to make routine inspections of the drainage system based on
drainage complaints. Stormwater inspects the problem area, assesses the problem's source, then

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reports the problem to the appropriate agency (City Street Maintenance Division, City or County
Engineering, NCDOT, etc.). Stormwater maintains a computerized database of open Work Orders
until the problem is resolved. This complaint-driven process was greatly enhanced based on the
results from the stormwater inventory. Therefore, based on the inventory data, the inspection and
maintenance of the storm drainage system has become more efficient, effective, and systematic.

Additionally, all members of the City’s Street Maintenance Crews, including the Leaf Cleaning
Crews, have been instructed to observe the storm drainage system as they carry out their daily
responsibilities in the field. Based on their field observations, they report any potential maintenance
needs through the proper channels. The Inspectors in the Construction Management look for any
drainage system maintenance needs as they inspect construction projects involving new and
replacement/upgraded infrastructure throughout the City.

Drainage System Maintenance
During the last year, the City Street Maintenance Division reported that more than 115,156 linear
feet of the drainage system were cleaned by the Jet-Vac process, as documented in the City’s work
order system. This maintenance practice provides benefits by removing sediments and other
pollutants that might otherwise be washed downstream during heavy rain. During this reporting
year, the Streets Division and Stormwater Program continued to use the RovverX Long-Range Pipe
Inspection Crawler to assist in drainage pipe inspection. This camera system continues to aid staff
in detecting issues (damaged pipes, problems with pipe joints, and potential illegal connections)
within the City’s piped drainage infrastructure. The camera has greatly enhanced system
maintenance and upkeep while also allowing for a more timely resolution to detected problems.
Also, the Streets Division and Stormwater Program continue to use pole cameras to quickly and
effectively address minor issues or concerns with the storm drainage system.

Limited Creek Cleaning Program

Due to the sandy nature of the soils in the Fayetteville area, there is a tendency for sediment
buildup to occur in many of the local streams. Based on existing Nationwide Permits as issued
by the US Army Corps of Engineers, the City is allowed to remove this sediment accumulation
for a distance of 150 feet downstream of the City’s major outfalls. In those cases, the
Stormwater Program coordinates with both the NCDEQ and the US Army Corps of Engineers,
as necessary, to ensure that the sediment is properly removed and that the original streambed is
not altered. Coordination with these agencies is always done before the sediment removal.

Beaver Management Assistance Program

The Beaver Management Assistance Program (BMAP) is designed to remove debris and
obstructions in local waterways. Through a Cooperative Service Agreement, the City of
Fayetteville partners with the US Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services (USDA APHIS WS)
to provide City residents with these needed services to reduce or eliminate property damage and
threats to human health and safety caused by beaver activities within the City limits. The Beaver
Management Assistance Program effectively removed eight beavers during the reporting year.

8.9 Employee / Staff Training

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During the reporting year, Stormwater staff continued to utilize the training packages “Storm
Watch” and “Storm Warnings” that cover Stormwater Pollution Prevention to train City
employees and make the packages available to local businesses. This past year employees from
Parks and Recreation, and the FAST Bus Garage, participated in the Good Housekeeping
training for City Employees. Stormwater's goal is that all departments that have the potential to
pollute stormwater will receive training regularly. The materials cover the following:
○ Good Housekeeping and Spill Prevention
○ Vehicle and Equipment Washing, Fueling, and Repair
○ Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance
○ Spill Reporting and Response
○ Street Maintenance
○ Outdoor Storage and Management of Materials and Wastes
○ Landscaping and Lawn Care
○ Outdoor Manufacturing
○ Dust Producing Processes

It should be noted that all current Stormwater Inspectors have a “Stormwater SCM Inspection
and Maintenance Certification” as required by the North Carolina Department of Environment
and Quality (NCDEQ) and the City of Fayetteville.

Section 9: Industrial Facilities Evaluation and Monitoring

9.1 Industrial Facility Inventory

The City receives a listing of all the facilities in the City of Fayetteville that have an Industrial
NPDES Stormwater Discharge Permit from the local office of NCDEQ. This listing also
includes those EPA Section 313 facilities located in the City of Fayetteville. The inventory
comprises those facilities supplemented by field findings, Yellow Pages review, and other
sources. The inventory of industries is updated annually based upon receipt of the latest listing
of Industrial NPDES Stormwater Discharge Permits from the Fayetteville Regional Office of
NCDEQ. Currently, the City has 25 permitted industries on the industrial list that are inspected
on an annual basis.

9.2 Industrial Facilities Inspection Program

The City has developed a standard operating procedure (SOP) used by all of its Inspectors as
they make industrial facility inspections. The SOP provides a step-by-step outline of how the
inspection and any needed follow-up actions are to occur. Additionally, the City has updated a
previously developed standard Inspection Form using the EPA Municipal Separate Storm Sewer
System (MS4) Program Evaluation Guidance Manual. The new form is used and filled out by all
of the Inspectors conducting inspections of industrial facilities. The Inspection Form contains an
extensive checklist, including the following:
○ Review of the Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP)
○ Review and inspection of all activities both inside and outside of the facility
○ Observations at all stormwater outfalls
○ SCMs are reviewed and their effectiveness assessed
○ History of any spills or leaks are reviewed
○ Photographs are taken of the facility and its activities

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Industrial inspections are conducted on an annual basis. Industries have a higher potential to
cause environmental harm and impact stormwater runoff; therefore, they have a higher priority
and are inspected thoroughly. The Stormwater Inspector completes an industrial site inspection
checklist report as described above for each site inspected. The inspection checklist information
is transferred to an Excel spreadsheet as a permanent record. For the time period July 1, 2019, to
June 30, 2020, the City inspected 11 of the above-referenced inventory facilities. The inspections
staff were unable to inspect all 25 facilities due to COVID-19 restrictions. As restrictions ease
and facilities allow outside visitors, staff will resume inspecting facilities. If problems are noted
during the inspection, the facility is notified of the deficiencies and instructed to make the
necessary improvements to achieve compliance. Such facilities' compliance status is indicated as
“pending” in the inventory to note that the facility will need to be re-inspected at a later date to
determine compliance.

Due to COVID-19 and the resulting government shutdown, the inspections staff were unable to
inspect Valley Protiens, an EPA Section 313 facility within the City’s permit jurisdiction. This
facility is scheduled to be inspected as soon as possible during the upcoming reporting year, and
the facility is allowing outside visitors.

As a supplement to the industrial inspections and in a continuing effort to improve local water
quality, the City has continued with inspecting local area restaurants to ensure that they are
practicing good housekeeping, particularly in the disposal of their cooking waste byproducts
(grease). Similar to the industrial inspections, the Stormwater Inspector completes a site
inspection checklist report for each restaurant inspected. The inspection checklist information is
transferred to an Excel spreadsheet as a permanent record. If the restaurant is found to be in non-
compliance, the inspector will issue a Notice of Violation and guide how the problem can be
remedied. For the time period July 1, 2019, to June 30, 2020, the City inspected 387 restaurants.
There were a few restaurants that were found to be deficient in good housekeeping practices.
The issues found were trash on the ground, leaking tallow bins, and grease on the ground. In
each instance, the Stormwater Inspector worked with the restaurant to have the incident
corrected. In 23 instances, a Notice of Violation was issued. Restaurants were given a period of
time to clean up the issues, and all were brought into compliance.

When restaurant facilities are inspected, the Stormwater Inspectors provide them with
educational materials and notify the owners of educational and training resources available to
them through the City. Additionally, if any unresolved issues are found, a notice of violation
(NOV) and possible fines can be issued.

9.3 Evaluation Measures

During an industrial inspection, the Stormwater Inspector conducts visual monitoring of the
receiving waters at the industrial discharge point. The Inspector checks to see if the discharge
has an abnormal color, odor, or sheen on the surface. The inspector also collects a sample of the
discharge for visual observation and determines if any substances are suspended in the water
column. If necessary, photographs are taken of the outfall. If evidence of polluted runoff is
suspected, a sample of the discharge is collected and further analyzed by an approved
independent local laboratory for a number of pollutant parameters. If pollutants are verified in
the runoff, the City notifies the facility immediately and requires actions to remedy the situation.

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As a supplement to the major outfall inspections described earlier in Section 5.3
“Inspection/Detection Program” of this Annual Report, the City also monitors and inspects
outfalls (12 inches and larger) associated with industrial activities to make sure that they are not
discharging any potential pollutants to the City’s storm drainage system or Waters of the State.
Similar to the major outfall inspections, the Stormwater Inspector completes an outfall inspection
checklist report for each industrial outfall inspected. The inspection checklist information is
transferred to an Excel spreadsheet as a permanent record. For the time period July 1, 2019, to
June 30, 2020, the City inspected 38 industrial outfalls. Some minor maintenance issues such as
heavy sediment in catch basins, erosion, and ditch line maintenance were noted. No other
significant water quality issues were observed.

Section 10: Water Quality Assessment and Monitoring

10.1 Water Quality Assessment and Monitoring Plan

The City’s current Water Quality Assessment and Monitoring Plan was reviewed and approved
by the NC Division of Water Quality via a June 12, 2013 email. The Plan details monitoring
activities, parameters, and data assessment required by the Permit. The Plan specifies water
quality monitoring activities to be performed quarterly at six (6) stream sites on major
watersheds in the City. Monitoring is conducted for chemical and physical parameters on a fixed
interval monitoring basis. Each calendar quarter (specifically, the 2nd Wednesday of the first
month of each calendar quarter) is targeted for monitoring at each monitoring location.
Additionally, the samples will be collected approximately 72 hours (48 to 96 hours) after rainfall
has ceased. This will allow the streams to return to their normal dry weather flow depth
following the rainfall.

Table 10-1 on the following page provides a list of the water quality parameters sampled at the
monitoring sites.

Stormwater staff maintains a Sample Collection Guidance Manual for the Water Quality
Assessment and Monitoring Program. The document outlines detailed procedures and consistent
methods required to obtain samples for the quarterly ambient in-stream monitoring program.

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Table 10-1: Water Quality Monitoring Parameters

Parameter Sample
Type Frequency
Temperature In-situ Quarterly
Turbidity In-situ Quarterly
Dissolved Oxygen In-situ Quarterly
pH In-situ Quarterly
Conductivity In-situ Quarterly
Total Suspended Solids Grab Quarterly
Total Nitrogen Grab Quarterly
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen Grab Quarterly
Ammonia (NH3) Grab Quarterly
NO2 + NO3 Grab Quarterly
Total Phosphorous Grab Quarterly
Chromium (Cr) Grab Quarterly
Copper (Cu) Grab Quarterly
Lead (Pb) Grab Quarterly

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Zinc (Zn) Grab Quarterly
Fecal Coliform Grab Quarterly

Table 10-2 below contains a description and location of the six (6) monitoring sites in the
Monitoring Plan.

Table 10-2: Description of City of Fayetteville Water Quality Monitoring
Sites

Site Stream Location
BLT Blounts Creek Culvert at Campbell Avenue
XCK Cross Creek Culvert at Hillsboro Street
BVR Beaver Creek Bridge at Cumberland Road
BCK Buckhead Creek Culvert at Coventry Road
LRC Little Rockfish Creek Bridge at Lakewood Drive
CCK Carvers Creek Culvert at Ramsey Street and I-295

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Figure 10-1 shows a map and location of the six (6) monitoring sites within the Monitoring Plan.

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Figure 10-1: Fayetteville Water Quality Monitoring Sites

10.2 Water Quality Monitoring Implementation

Stormwater has continued the in-stream ambient water quality monitoring program initiated in the
fall of 2005 when four sites located along Blounts Creek, Cross Creek, Beaver Creek, and Buckhead

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Creek were chosen for in-stream ambient water quality monitoring. These sites were selected to
avoid potential duplication of other monitoring activities by NCDEQ, Fayetteville Public Works
Commission (PWC), the Middle Cape Fear River Basin Association, and the US Geological Survey
(USGS).

In 2010, Stormwater evaluated the in-stream ambient water quality monitoring program and
compared it to the program in Charlotte, North Carolina. As a result of that evaluation and to get
a better picture of the overall water quality throughout the City of Fayetteville, the City added
two new sampling locations to the previous four locations and started collecting samples in
August of 2010. The two newer sites are located along Little Rockfish Creek and Carvers Creek.
With the addition of the two locations, water quality samples are now collected and analyzed in
each of the City's major watersheds. Figure 10-1 shows the location of the six monitoring sites.
During this reporting year, Stormwater collected samples from each of the six sites quarterly.
The in-stream ambient water quality monitoring program results are shown in Figure 10-2 for the
fiscal year 2019-2020.

The parameters shown in the top portion of the table are collected and reported in the field
during the sample collection. The parameters shown in the middle of the table are reported from
the laboratory following the sample's analysis. The parameters shown at the bottom of the table
are observations made by the field personnel during sample collection.

In reviewing the results from last year (see Figure 10-2), we observe that some indication of
pollution is present at each of the six in-stream monitoring stations. In an urban setting, this is to
be expected. Pollutants of concern include Nutrients (as indicated by Nitrogen and NO2+NO3)
and Fecal Coliform. These parameters are detected in many of the samples. Also, elevated
levels of Turbidity and Total Suspended Solids were observed in particular in Beaver Creek
during the January 2020 sampling event. This may be attributable to increased construction in
the Fayetteville area due to an improving economy and large transportation projects. The
Stormwater Program will pay close attention to this and coordinate with the NCDEQ Land
Quality Section's local office, which administers the City’s Construction Site Runoff program.
Since completion of the Coventry Road Storm Drainage Improvements, samples of Fecal
Coliform have spiked in Buckhead Creek. The inspections staff continue to monitor the area to
determine the source.

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Figure 10-2: Ambient Instream Monitoring Results

Impaired Streams Program
Stormwater developed an Impaired Streams Program to monitor streams that have been
classified as impaired within the City limits in 2014. In many cases, it is possible that an
impaired stream could progress overtime negatively and may have a Total Maximum Daily Load
(TMDL) assigned to them to improve their water quality. To be proactive, Stormwater has
developed this program voluntarily to monitor impaired streams and make necessary adjustments
to improve their water quality before the potential issuance of a TMDL.

This program will allow Stormwater to assess the effect pollutants may have on streams and
determine how their surrounding environments impact the streams. Stormwater uses several
methods to analyze a stream's health, such as analytical laboratory sampling, field sampling, site
inspections, and walking the stream. The Stormwater Program samples for 20 to 32 parameters
at each sample site depending on what related issues are found during the inspection. These
methods allow staff to assess both the chemical and biological conditions of a stream.
Information obtained through sampling and inspection is then recorded on an Excel Spreadsheet.
Using the spreadsheet, staff will analyze the results over time to determine patterns and possible
pollution issues within a stream.

The Stormwater Program identified the sample sites based on stream segments that the state has
deemed as impaired, along with input from the PWC Watersheds Group, to ensure that there is
no duplication of sample sites. From these efforts, 20 sample sites were identified. This
program allows Stormwater to understand the characteristics of our impaired streams.
Previously, Stormwater staff developed a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for inspecting
and collecting sampling data from our designated impaired stream segments. The document

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outlines the City’s efforts to monitor and reduce pollutants in local streams classified as impaired
by NCDEQ. The written document is also highly effective in showing procedural consistency
and the process when audited by DENR and EPA. While there are no TMDLs currently
assigned to the City, the collected data and a validated process will be great tools and provide
historical information to hopefully avoid or at least delay future TMDLs in the local area.

Section 11: Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs)

The Stormwater Program has determined that a Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) has not yet
been developed and approved or established by EPA for the receiving waters of the City of
Fayetteville’s MS4 NPDES stormwater discharge. Therefore, this Permit section is currently not
applicable to the City of Fayetteville.

Section 12: Miscellaneous Stormwater Activities

During the reporting year, Stormwater has participated in several activities to promote
stormwater initiatives and support research for stormwater quality projects. These activities are
listed below.

Urban Water Consortium
Stormwater is an active member of the Urban Water Consortium group of the Water Resources
Research Institute. This group was established in 1985 to provide a program of research and
development, and technology transfer on water resource issues shared by urban areas across the
state. Through this group, WRRI and the State of North Carolina help individual facilities and
regions solve problems related to local environmental or regulatory circumstances. Stormwater
actively participates due to the importance of sharing information with other municipalities that
face the same challenges as Fayetteville and recognizing the importance of research and funding
of stormwater quality-related projects. The group meets quarterly in different locations around
the state.

Stormwater Association of North Carolina (SWANC)
Stormwater is an active member of SWANC, a statewide organization that advocates for
stormwater programs at the NC General Assembly and the NC Department of Environmental
Quality(DEQ). Staff continues to be active with the Publicity Committee and attend most of the
quarterly meetings.

Section 13: Plans for the Upcoming Year

The City continues through its Stormwater Program to implement the provisions of its 2018
issued permit. In moving forward, the City looks to accomplish the following in the coming
year:
• Continue to implement the Water Quality Assessment and Monitoring Plan.
• Begin Stormwater Self-Audit in preparation for Audit in 2023
• Continue to update the Stormwater Inventory with stormwater structures and conveyances
that were constructed during and after the field data collection.
• Complete recovery efforts from Hurricane Matthew to include repair of a creek bank failure
next to a City facility and repair of a City maintained dam, and additional creek bank
stabilization and debris removal through federally funded grants.

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• Continue to implement provisions from the renewed 2019 permit.
• Update the Stormwater Management Plan based on the renewed Stormwater Permit.
• Continue moving forward with a citywide Stormwater Watershed Master Plan.

This past year marked the ninth year that the City of Fayetteville has operated its own
independent stormwater program, permit, and utility that initially started with the previous joint
City / County stormwater program, permit, and utility that ceased as of July 1, 2009. The
upcoming year will mark the twenty-fourth year that the City of Fayetteville has been covered by
a NPDES Municipal Stormwater Discharge Permit.

In order to provide adequate funding to meet the requirements of the NPDES stormwater
program, the Stormwater Program the City collects a stormwater utility fee of $72.00 per year
per equivalent residential unit (ERU). There was no fee increase requested for the Fiscal Year
2020 year. The fee supports the NPDES permit compliance, capital infrastructure
improvements, and the development of a citywide stormwater watershed masterplan.

Should any additional information be required, please contact:

Mr. Byron Reeves, P.E. CFM, CFM Assistant City Engineer/Stormwater Manager
City of Fayetteville
433 Hay Street
Fayetteville, North Carolina 28301-5537
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]