20201231 Ver 1_07_T&E Pkg_Optimized_20201028

MCADAMS
July 15, 2020
Mr. Byron Hamstead
Asheville Ecological Services Field Office
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Via [e-mail]
RE: Protected Species Assessment
Pebble Creek Stream Stabilization
Asheville, Buncombe County, NC
Mr. Hamstead:
PROTECTED SPECIES ASSESSMENT > COA-19000
McAdams conducted a protected species assessment for the proposed Pebble Creek Stream Stabilization project in
support of an anticipated application for a Section 404 Clean Water Act permit. The City of Asheville proposes to
make improvements along the banks of Dingle Creek in the Pebble Creek community. The existing banks are lined
with gabion baskets filled with riprap that are failing, causing erosion and instability.
Figure 1 depicts the location of the project study area on the US Geological Survey (USGS) Asheville, NC 7.5-minute
quadrangle topographic map. Figure 2 shows the location of the project study area on the Web Soil Survey map.
Udorthents-Urban land complex occupies much of the study area. Most of the project area consists of the stream to
be improved. Also within the project area are several ornamental trees, a bridge with a culvert allowing Dingle Creek
to pass underneath, and sidewalks associated with the apartment buildings on either side of the stream. Figure 3
depicts the subject property and stream on an aerial photograph of the area.
On July 10, 2020, McAdams used the US Fish and Wildlife (USFWS) Information for Planning and Consultation (IPaC)
website to obtain a list of threatened and endangered species that may occur in the proposed project location and/or
may be affected by the proposed project. This process generates an Official Species List that is shown in Table 1. No
Critical Habitats were identified within or within the vicinity of the project area. A list of natural heritage resources
was obtained from the NC Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) on July 10, 2020. No records for rare species, important
natural communities or natural areas were identified within the project study area. Conservation/managed areas
within one mile of the project study area are shown in the Natural Heritage report.
Information regarding the appearance and habitat for each species identified were compiled. McAdams staff routinely
visits the NC Botanical Garden to observe protected species identified on Official Species Lists during different stages
of their life cycle including into senescence. On July 14, 2020, a McAdams staff member walked transects through
each suitable habitat site present for Virginia Spiraea, which totals approximately one -tenth acre. Photographs taken
during the field survey are provided in Appendix A. Carex species, Ranunculus species, and Trifolium species were
common within the survey area.
creating experiences through experience 2905 Meridian Parkway, Durham, NC 27713 / 919. 361. 5000

MCADAMS PROTECTED SPECIES ASSESSMENT > COA-19000
Table 1. Federally Protected Species That May Be Within the Project Study Area
(7/10/2020)
Scientific Name
Common Name
Federal Status
Mammals
Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus
Carolina Northern Flying Squirrel
Endangered
Myotis grisescens
Gray Bat
Endangered
Myotisseptentrionalis
Northern Long-eared Bat
Threatened
Reptiles
Clemmys muhlenbergii
EogTurtle
Similarity of Appearance
(Threatened)
Clams
Alasmidonta raveneliana
Appalachian Elktoe
Endangered
Arachnids
Microhexura montivaga
Spruce -fir Moss Spider
Endangered
Flowering Plants
Solidago spithamaea
Blue Ridge Goldenrod
Threatened
Sarracenia rubra ssp. jonesii
Mountain Sweet Pitcher -plant
Endangered
Geum radiatum
Spreading Avens
Endangered
Spiraea virginiana
Virginia Spiraea
Threatened
Lichens
Gymnoderma lineare
Rock Gnome Lichen
Endangered
Carolina Northern Flying Squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus) — Endangered
Biological Opinion: No effect
Appearance: "There are two species of flying squirrels in the Southern Appalachians — the northern (Glaucomys
sabrinus) and southern (Glaucomys volans). They can be difficult to tell apart visually, therefore the elevation and
habitat where they are found can be the best distinguishing traits."
"Northern flying squirrels are about one-third larger than the very common southern species. Also, northern flying
squirrels have brown colored fur on their backs, and bicolored fur on their bellies that is gray at the base and creamy
white at the tip. Southern flying squirrels have brown or gray fur on their backs with bright white fur on their bellies,
and a clearly defined (usually black) line separates the fur colors. The endangered Carolina northern flying squirrel is
a subspecies of the northern flying squirrel."
Habitat: "Carolina northern flying squirrels are typically found in high elevation, mixed red spruce -northern
hardwood and spruce -fir forests. These habitats are often moist and cool. Southern flying squirrels are most often
found in the warmer and drier hardwood and mixed pine -hardwood forests of low and mid elevations" (USFWS/SR
2019c).
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MCADAMS PROTECTED SPECIES ASSESSMENT > COA-19000
The project area spruce -hardwood and spruce -fir forests and therefore does not contain suitable habitat for the
Carolina northern flying squirrel.
Gray Bat (Myotis grisescens) — Endangered
Biological Opinion: No effect
Appearance: "Gray bats are distinguished from other bats by the unicolored fur on their back. In addition, following
their molt in July or August, gray bats have dark gray fur which often bleaches to a chestnut brown or russet. They
weigh 7-16 grams. The bat's wing membrane connects to its ankle instead of at the toe, where it is connected in
other species of Myotis."
Habitat: "With rare exceptions, gray bats live in caves year-round. During the winter gray bats hibernate in deep,
vertical caves. In the summer, they roost in caves which are scattered along rivers. These caves are in limestone
karst areas of the southeastern United States. They do not use houses or barns" (USFWS 2019).
The project area lacks caves and therefore does not contain suitable habitat for the gray bat.
Northern Long-eared Bat (Myotis septentrionalis) —Threatened
Biological Opinion: No effect
"Appearance: The northern long-eared bat is a medium-sized bat with a body length of 3 to 3.7 inches but a
wingspan of 9 to 10 inches. Their fur color can be medium to dark brown on the back and tawny to pale -brown on
the underside. As its name suggests, this bat is distinguished by its long ears, particularly as compared to other bats
in its genus, Myotis.
"Winter Habitat: Northern long-eared bats spend winter hibernating in caves and mines, called hibernacula. They
use areas in various sized caves or mines with constant temperatures, high humidity, and no air currents. Within
hibernacula, surveyors find them hibernating most often in small crevices or cracks, often with only the nose and
ears visible.
"Summer Habitat: During the summer, northern long-eared bats roost singly or in colonies underneath bark, in
cavities or in crevices of both live trees and snags (dead trees). Males and non -reproductive females may also roost
in cooler places, like caves and mines. Northern long-eared bats seem to be flexible in selecting roosts, choosing
roost trees based on suitability to retain bark or provide cavities or crevices. This bat has also been found rarely
roosting in structures, like barns and sheds" (USFWS 2018).
The project area lacks both forested areas and caves and therefore does not contain suitable habitat for the
northern long-eared bat.
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MCADAMS PROTECTED SPECIES ASSESSMENT > COA-19000
Bog Turtle (Clemmys muhlenbergii) — Similarity of Appearance (Threatened)
Biological Opinion: No effect
Appearance: "The bog turtle is the smallest turtle in North America, rarely exceeding three or four inches in length
and weighing only about four ounces. It's orange to yellow patch on either side of the neck easily distinguishes it
from other turtles.
"Bog turtles emerge from their muddy hibernation in March or April and begin actively seeking a mate. Adults are
sexually mature at five to eight years of age. During the months of May -July, the female lays a clutch of one to six
small white elliptical eggs in a shallow nest she digs in a clump of sphagnum moss or tuft of grass above the water
line. After seven or eight weeks of being incubated by the sun, the inch -long hatchlings emerge. Because they are
born so late in the year, the hatchlings often spend their first winter near the nest."
Habitat: "Bog turtles live in the mud, grass and sphagnum moss of bogs, swamps, and marshy meadows. These
wetlands are usually fed by cool springs flowing slowly over the land, creating the wet, muddy soil needed by the
turtles" (USFWS/SR 2019b).
The project area lacks wetlands and thus does not contain suitable habitat for the bog turtle.
Appalachian Elktoe (Alasmidonta raveneliana) — Endangered
Biological Opinion: No effect
Appearance: "The Appalachian elktoe has a thin, kidney -shaped shell, extending to about 10 centimeters (4 inches).
Juveniles generally have a yellowish -brown periostracum (outer shell surface), while the periostracum of the adults
is usually dark brown to greenish -black in color. Although rays are prominent on some shells, particularly in the
posterior portion of the shell, many individuals have only obscure greenish rays. The shell nacre (inside shell surface)
is shiny, often white to bluish -white, changing to a salmon, pinkish, or brownish color in the central and beak cavity
portions of the shell; some specimens may be marked with irregular brownish blotches."
Habitat: "The elktoe has been reported from relatively shallow, medium-sized creeks and rivers with cool, clean,
well -oxygenated, moderate- to fast -flowing water. The species is most often found in riffles, runs, and shallow
flowing pools with stable, relatively silt -free, coarse sand and gravel substrate associated with cobble, boulders,
and/or bedrock. Stability of the substrate appears to be critical to the Appalachian elktoe, and the species is seldom
found in stream reaches with accumulations of silt or shifting sand, gravel, or cobble. Individuals that have been
encountered in these areas are believed to have been scoured out of upstream areas during periods of heavy rain,
and have not been found on subsequent surveys" (USFWS/SR 2020).
A perennial stream flows east to west through the project area. However, this stream has eroding and unstable
banks that result in shifting and silty substrate. Therefore, the project area does not contain suitable habitat for the
Appalachian elktoe.
creating experiences through experience 4 of 9

MCADAMS PROTECTED SPECIES ASSESSMENT > COA-19000
Spruce -fir Moss Spider (Microhexura montivaga)
Biological Opinion: No effect
Appearance: "The spruce -fir moss spider is one of the smallest members of the primitive suborder of spiders,
Mygalomorphae, which includes tarantulas and trapdoor spiders. Adults measure only 0.10 to 0.15 inch (about the
size of a BB). Colors of the spruce -fir moss spider ranges from light brown to yellow -brown to a darker reddish
brown, and there are no markings on its abdomen."
Habitat: "The spruce -fir moss spider only lives on the highest mountain peaks in the Southern Appalachian
Mountains of western North Carolina, eastern Tennessee, and southwest Virginia. The spider is largely found in fir
and spruce -fir forests over 5400 feet in elevation and on slopes with northern aspects. The typical habitat of this
spider is damp, but well -drained moss mats growing on rocks and boulders in well -shaded areas within these
forests. The moss mats cannot be too dry (the species is very sensitive to desiccation)" (USFWS/SR 2019f).
The project area lacks spruce -fir forests and therefore does not contain suitable habitat for the spruce -fir moss
spider.
Blue Ridge Goldenrod (Solidago spithamaea) —Threatened
Biological Opinion: No effect
Appearance: "Blue Ridge goldenrod is a small perennial herb (4-8 inches tall). Its golden -yellow flowers appear from
late July to September, and fruits form and ripen from July to October. Although there are many species of
goldenrods, this one can be distinguished by its flat-topped flowers, small stature, smooth foliage, and toothed, non -
clasping stem leaves."
Habitat: "This species occupies rock outcrops, ledges, and cliffs at high elevations (generally above 4,600 ft.). The
soils upon which this species grows are generally shallow and acidic. Blue Ridge goldenrods usually grow in full sun"
(USFWS/SR 2019a).
The project area lacks high -elevation rock outcrops, ledges, and cliffs, and therefore does not contain suitable
habitat for Blue Ridge goldenrod.
Mountain Sweet Pitcher -plant (Sarracenia rubra ssp. jonesii) — Endangered
Biological Opinion: No effect
Appearance: "Mountain sweet pitcher plant is a carnivorous perennial herb with tall, hollow pitcher -shaped leaves
and red sweet-smelling flowers. The unusual red flowers (yellow in rare cases) appear from April to June, with fruits
ripening in August. Flowering plants reach up to 29 inches."
Habitat: "This insectivorous species is native to bogs and a few streamsides in the Blue Ridge Mountains of North
Carolina and South Carolina. Other (coastal plain) species of this genus are known to benefit from periodic fire,
which reduces woody competition; however there is some evidence that this mountain species may actually be
creating experiences through experience 5 of 9

MCADAMS PROTECTED SPECIES ASSESSMENT > COA-19000
harmed by fire. More research on management and biological requirements of the species is needed. Mountain
sweet pitcher plant is also seriously threatened by collectors" (USFWS/SR 2019d).
The project area lacks wetlands and therefore does not contain suitable habitat for mountain sweet pitcher -plant.
Spreading Avens (Geum radiatum) — Endangered
Biological Opinion: No effect
Appearance: "Spreading avens is a tall perennial herb (eight to 20 inches) in the rose family. Its distinctive bright
yellow flowers (generally up to 1 inch across) appear from June through September, and fruits form and ripen from
August through October."
Habitat: "The avens grows in full sun on the shallow acidic soils of high -elevation cliffs (above 4,200 feet), rocky
outcrops, steep slopes, and on gravelly talus" (USFWS/SR 2019e).
The project area lacks high -elevation rock outcrops, cliffs, and slopes, and therefore does not contain suitable
habitat for spreading avens.
Virginia Spiraea (Spiraea virginiana) —Threatened
Biological Opinion: May affect, not likely to adversely affect
Appearance: "Virginia spiraea is a perennial shrub with many branches. It grows 3-10 feet tall. Its alternate leaves
are single -tooth serrated; 1-6 inches long and 1-2 inches wide; occasionally curved; and have a narrow, moderately
tapered base. The leaves are also darker green above than below. The plant produces flowers that are yellowish
green to pale white, with stamens twice the length of the sepal. It blooms from late May to late July, but flower
production is sparse and does not begin until after the first year of establishment. Virginia spiraea has a clonal root
system that can fragment and produce more plants. This form of vegetative reproduction is more common than
flower pollination and seed dispersal in this species."
Habitat: "Virginia spiraea occurs along rivers and streams and relies on periodic disturbances, such as high -velocity
scouring floods, which eliminate competition from trees and other woody vegetation. However, if the frequency and
intensity of these floods is too great, the plant may become dislodged and wash downstream into less suitable
habitat" (USFWS/SR 2019g).
The project area contains a stream bank that is subject to regular disturbance, preventing trees and woody
vegetation from growing along the channel. The optimal survey window for this species is May -early July. On July 14,
2020, a McAdams staff member surveyed areas of suitable habitat (totaling about one -tenth acre) and did not locate
Virginia spiraea.
creating experiences through experience 6 of 9

MCADAMS PROTECTED SPECIES ASSESSMENT > COA-19000
Rock Gnome Lichen (Gymnoderma lineare) — Endangered
Biological Opinion: No effect
"Description: One of two lichens on the federal list of threatened and endangered species, Rock gnome lichen is the
only member of the genus Gymnodera to live in North America. Other members of this genus live in the mountains
of east Asia, including Japan and the Himalayas. Rock gnome lichen occurs in dense colonies of narrow strap -like
lobes that are about 0.04 inch (1 millimeter) across and generally one to two centimeters long. These lobes are blue
gray on the terminal upper surface, and generally shiny white on the lower surface, grading to black near the base.
The fruiting bodies are born on the tips of these lobes, are black, and have been found from July through
September. The primary means of propagation appears to be asexual, with colonies spreading clonally.
"Habitat: Rock gnome lichen is primarily limited to vertical rock faces where seepage water from forest soils above
flows during (and only during) very wet times. It appears the species needs a moderate amount of light, but that it
cannot tolerate high -intensity solar radiation. It does well on moist, generally open, sites, with northern exposures,
but needs at least partial canopy coverage where the aspect is southern or western" (USFWS 2011).
The project area lacks vertical rock faces that receive seepage water from soils above and therefore does not
contain suitable habitat for rock gnome lichen.
Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act
Description: "Distinguished by a white head and white tail feathers, bald eagles are powerful, brown birds that may
weigh 14 pounds and have a wingspan of 8 feet. Male eagles are smaller, weighing as much as 10 pounds and have a
wingspan of 6 feet."
Habitat: "Bald eagles require a good food base, perching areas, and nesting sites. Their habitat includes estuaries,
large lakes, reservoirs, rivers, and some seacoasts." (USFWS 2007a) Bald eagles build large nests (4 to 6 feet in
diameter and larger) in the tops of tall trees and snags that include perches with a clear view of water. (USFWS
2007b)
Located approximately 1.3 miles south of the project area, Lake Julian is suitable habitat for the Bald eagle. The
NCNHP report did not list eagle nests within 1.0 mile of the project area. McAdams did not observe bald eagles or
nests within the project area.
Conclusions/Recommendations
The project area contains suitable habitat for Virginia spiraea. A biological opinion of "may affect, not likely to
adversely affect" was determined for this species because no individuals were observed during a field survey
conducted within the optimal survey windows for this species. A biological opinion of "no effect" was determined
for the Carolina northern flying squirrel, gray bat, northern long-eared bat, bog turtle, Appalachian elktoe, spruce -fir
moss spider, Blue Ridge goldenrod, mountain sweet pitcher -plant, spreading avens, and rock gnome lichen based on
a lack of suitable habitat within the project area. A determination of "No Eagle Act permit required" was determined
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MCADAMS
PROTECTED SPECIES ASSESSMENT > COA-19000
for the bald eagle because there are no known nests or suitable habitat within 660 feet of the project area. We
request your review and comments on this protected species assessment.
Sincerely,
MCADAMS
Jennifer Burdette, PWS
Sr. Environmental Consultant, Water Resources
Attachments:
Figure 1. USGS Map
Figure 2. Soil Survey Map
Figure 3. Aerial Map
Appendix A. Field Survey Photographs
USFWS Official Species List (7/10/2020)
NCNHP Site Information (7/10/2020)
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MCADAMS PROTECTED SPECIES ASSESSMENT > COA-19000
Literature Cited
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2007a. Bald Eagle Fact Sheet,
https://www.fws.gov/migratorybirds/pdf/management/bald-eagle-fact-sheet.pdf.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2007b. National Bald Eagle Management Guidelines,
https://www.fws.gov/migratorybirds/pdf/management/nationalbaldeaglenanagementguidelines.pdf.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2011. Rock Gnome Lichen Fact Sheet, https://www.fws.gov/southeast/pdf/fact-
sheet/rock-gnome-I ichen. pdf.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2018. Northern Long -Eared Bat Fact Sheet. Northern Long -Eared Bat I Species
Information, www.fws.gov/midwest/endangered/mammals/nleb/nlebFactSheet.html.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2019. Gray Bat Fact Sheet,
https://www.fws.gov/midwest/endangered/mammals/grbat_fc.htm1.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service/Southeast Region. 2019a. Blue Ridge Goldenrod I Species Profile,
https://www.fws.gov/southeast/wildlife/plants/blue-ridge-goldenrod/.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service/Southeast Region. 2019b. Bog Turtle (Southern population) I Species Profile,
https://www.fws.gov/southeast/wildlife/reptiles/bog-turtle/.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service/Southeast Region. 2019c. Carolina Northern Flying Squirrel I Species Profile,
https://www.fws.gov/southeast/wi Id I ife/ma m ma Is/carol i na-northern-flying-squirrel/.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service/Southeast Region. 2019d. Mountain Sweet Pitcher -plant I Species Profile,
https://www.fws.gov/southeast/wildlife/plants/mountain-sweet-pitcher-plant/.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service/Southeast Region. 2019e. Spreading Avens I Species Profile,
https://www.fws.gov/southeast/wildlife/plants/spreading-avens/.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service/Southeast Region. 2019f. Spruce -fir Moss Spider I Species Profile,
https://www.fws.gov/southeast/wildlife/arachnids/spruce-fir-moss-spider/.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service/Southeast Region. 2019g. Virginia Spiraea I Species Profile,
https://www.fws.gov/southeast/wi Id I ife/plants/vi rgi n is-spi raea/.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service/Southeast Region. 2020. Appalachian Elktoe I Species Profile,
https://www.fws.gov/southeast/wildlife/mussels/appalachian-elktoe/.
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NOTES:
1. USGS; 7.5 MINUTE, QUAD, "ASHEVILLE", NORTH CAROLINA; 2019
2. LAT: 35.502366, LONG:—82.527014
0 1,000 2,000
i FIGURE 1. USGS TOPOGRAPHIC VICINITY MAP Feet
PEBBLE CREEK STREAM STABILIZATION 1 inch = 2,000 feet
ASHEVILLE, BUNCOMBE COUNTY, NC VERSION: 1
DATE: 7/8/2020
MCADAMS JOB NO: COA-19000
DRAWN BY: pierzga
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Project Area
Soil Map Unit �.
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Map Unit Soil �
Symbol Map Unit Name Rating -
' 1
TmD Tate -Urban land complex, 15 to 30 percent slopes No
UfB Udorthents-Urban land complex, Oto 5 percent slopes, occasionally flooded No
UhE Udorthents-Urban land complex 2to 50 percent slopes No 201 NC C- e f f G- p is I f rn
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NOTES:
Web Soil Survey SSURGO Spatial Data: Buncombe County (Version 7, Sep 16, 2019)
' 0 50 100
J FIGURE 2. NRCS WEB SOIL SURVEY Feet
PEBBLE CREEK STEAM STABILIZATION 1 inch =100 feet
ASHEVILLE, BUNCOMBE COUNTY, NC VERSION: 1
DATE: 7/15/2020
McADAMS JOB NO: COA-19000
DRAWN BY: pierzga
Y:\Proiects\COA\COA-19000\04-Production\Natural Resources\GIS\COA19000 PebbleCk Fiq 2A Web SS.mxd, 7/15/2020 3:02:10 PM, pierzga

�-+ United States Department of the Interior
FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
Asheville Ecological Services Field Office t
UWA 160 Zillicoa Street
Asheville, NC 28801-1082
Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone]
http://www.fws.gov/nc-es/es/couMfr.html
In Reply Refer To:
Consultation Code: 04EN1000-2020-SLI-0757
Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01779
Project Name: Pebble Creek Stream Stabilization
July 10, 2020
Subject: List of threatened and endangered species that may occur in your proposed project
location, and/or may be affected by your proposed project
To Whom It May Concern:
The attached species list identifies threatened, endangered, proposed and candidate species, as
well as proposed and final designated critical habitat, that may occur within the boundary of your
proposed project and/or may be affected by your proposed project. Although not required by
section 7, many agencies request species lists to start the informal consultation process and begin
their fulfillment of the requirements under section 7(c) of the Endangered Species Act (Act) of
1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.).
This list, along with other helpful resources, is also available on the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service (Service) Asheville Field Office's (AFO) website: https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/
cntylist/nc counties.html. The AFO website list includes "species of concern" species that could
potentially be placed on the federal list of threatened and endangered species in the future. Also
available are:
Design and Construction Recommendations
https://www.fws.gov/asheville/htmis/project review/Recommendations.html
Optimal Survey Times for Federally Listed Plants
https://www.fws.gov/nc-es/plant/plant survey.html
Northern long-eared bat Guidance
https://www.fws.gov/asheville/htmis/project review/NLEB in WNC.html
Predictive Habitat Model for Aquatic Species
https://www.fws.gov/asheville/htmls/Maxent/Maxent.html

07/10/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01779
New information based on updated surveys, changes in the abundance and distribution of
species, changed habitat conditions, or other factors could require modifications of these lists.
Please note that under 50 CFR 402.12(e) of the regulations implementing section 7 of the Act,
the accuracy of the species lists should be verified after 90 days. This verification can be
completed formally or informally as desired. The Service recommends that verification be
completed by visiting the ECOS-IPaC website or the AFO website (the AFO website dates each
county list with the day of the most recent update/change) at regular intervals during project
planning and implementation for updates to species lists and information. An updated list may be
requested through the ECOS-IPaC system by completing the same process used to receive the
enclosed list or by going to the AFO website.
The purpose of the Act is to provide a means whereby threatened and endangered species and the
ecosystems upon which they depend may be conserved. Under sections 7(a)(1) and 7(a)(2) of the
Act and its implementing regulations (50 CFR 402 et seq.), Federal agencies are required to
utilize their authorities to carry out programs for the conservation of threatened and endangered
species and to determine whether projects may affect threatened and endangered species and/or
designated critical habitat.
A Biological Assessment is required for construction projects (or other undertakings having
similar physical impacts) that are major Federal actions significantly affecting the quality of the
human environment as defined in the National Environmental Policy Act (42 U.S.C. 4332(2)
(c)). For projects other than major construction activities, the Service suggests that a Biological
Evaluation similar to a Biological Assessment be prepared to determine whether the project may
affect listed or proposed species and/or designated or proposed critical habitat. Recommended
contents of a Biological Assessment are described at 50 CFR 402.12 and on our office's website
at https://www.fws.gov/asheville/htmis/project review/assessment guidance.html.
If a Federal agency (or their non-federal representative) determines, based on the Biological
Assessment or Biological Evaluation, that listed species and/or designated critical habitat may be
affected by the proposed project, the agency is required to consult with the Service pursuant to
50 CFR 402. In addition, the Service recommends that candidate species, proposed species, and
proposed critical habitat be addressed within the consultation. More information on the
regulations and procedures for section 7 consultation, including the role of permit or license
applicants, can be found in the "Endangered Species Consultation Handbook" at: http://
www.fws.gov/endangered/esa-library/pdf/TOC-GLOS.PDF.
Though the bald eagle is no longer protected under the Endangered Species Act, please be aware
that bald and golden eagles are protected under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (16
U.S.C. 668 et seq.), and projects affecting these species may require additional consultation (see
https://www.fws.gov/southeast/our-services/permits/eagles/). Wind energy projects should follow
the wind energy guidelines (http://www.fws.gov/windenergy/) for minimizing impacts to
migratory birds (including bald and golden eagles) and bats.
Guidance for minimizing impacts to migratory birds for projects including communications
towers (e.g., cellular, digital television, radio, and emergency broadcast) can be found at: http://
www. fws. gov/migratorybirds/CurrentBirdlssues/Hazards/towers/towers.htm;

07/10/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01779
3
http://www.towerkill.com; and http://www.fws.gov/migratoI3Lbirds/CurrentBirdlssues/Hazards/
towers/comtow.html.
We appreciate your concern for threatened and endangered species. The Service encourages
Federal agencies to include conservation of threatened and endangered species into their project
planning to further the purposes of the Act. Please include the Consultation Tracking Number in
the header of this letter with any request for consultation or correspondence about your project
that you submit to our office.
Attachment(s):
• Official Species List
• Migratory Birds
• Wetlands

07/10/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01779
Official Species List
This list is provided pursuant to Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act, and fulfills the
requirement for Federal agencies to "request of the Secretary of the Interior information whether
any species which is listed or proposed to be listed may be present in the area of a proposed
action".
This species list is provided by:
Asheville Ecological Services Field Office
160 Zillicoa Street
Asheville, NC 28801-1082
[phone]

07/10/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01779
Project Summary
Consultation Code: 04EN1000-2020-SLI-0757
Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01779
Project Name: Pebble Creek Stream Stabilization
Project Type: STREAM / WATERBODY / CANALS / LEVEES / DIKES
Project Description: The project site is located within the Pebble Creek Drive townhome
community in Asheville, North Carolina. A portion of Dingle Creek that is
within an easement owned by the City of Asheville flows from east to
west between two residential buildings in the townhome community. The
creek banks are currently supported with gabion baskets filled with rip rap
and are experiencing instability and stream bank erosion. Some of the
wire baskets are corroded and portions of the baskets are apparently being
undermined by the erosion.
Project Location:
Approximate location of the project can be viewed in Google Maps: https:
www.google.com/maps/place/35.50236714691498N82.52707131403557W
riul?i. F'i
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Counties: Buncombe, NC
AtAI
2

07/10/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01779 3
Endangered Species Act Species
There is a total of 11 threatened, endangered, or candidate species on this species list.
Species on this list should be considered in an effects analysis for your project and could include
species that exist in another geographic area. For example, certain fish may appear on the species
list because a project could affect downstream species.
IPaC does not display listed species or critical habitats under the sole jurisdiction of NOAA
Fisheriesi, as USFWS does not have the authority to speak on behalf of NOAA and the
Department of Commerce.
See the "Critical habitats" section below for those critical habitats that lie wholly or partially
within your project area under this office's jurisdiction. Please contact the designated FWS office
if you have questions.
NOAA Fisheries, also known as the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), is an
office of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration within the Department of
Commerce.
Mammals
NAM L STATUS
Carolina Northern Flying Squirrel Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus Endangered
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
Species profile: https:Hecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/2657
Gray Bat Myotis grisescens Endangered
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
Species profile: https:Hecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/6329
Northern Long-eared Bat Myotis septentrionalis Threatened
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
Species profile: https:Hecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/9045
Reptiles
NAME STATUS
Bog Turtle Clemmys muhlenbergii Similarity of
Population: U.S.A. (GA, NC, SC, TN, VA) Appearance
No critical habitat has been designated for this species. (Threatened)
Species profile: https:Hecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/6962

07/10/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01779
4
Clams
NAME STATUS
Appalachian Elktoe Alasmidonta raveneliana Endangered
There is final critical habitat for this species. Your location is outside the critical habitat.
Species profile: https:Hecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/5039
Arachnids
NAME STATUS
Spruce -fir Moss Spider Microhexura montivaga Endangered
There is final critical habitat for this species. Your location is outside the critical habitat.
Species profile: https:Hecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/4801
Flowering Plants
NAM STATUS
Blue Ridge Goldenrod Solidago spithamaea Threatened
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
Species profile: https:Hecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/5821
Mountain Sweet Pitcher -plant Sarracenia rubra ssp. jonesii Endangered
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
Species profile: https:Hecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/4283
Spreading Averts Geum radiatum Endangered
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
Species profile: https:Hecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/6854
Virginia Spiraea Spiraea virginiana Threatened
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
Species profile: https:Hecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/1728
Lichens
NAME STATUS
Rock Gnome Lichen Gymnoderma lineare Endangered
No critical habitat has been designated for this species.
Species profile: https:Hecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/3933
Critical habitats
THERE ARE NO CRITICAL HABITATS WITHIN YOUR PROJECT AREA UNDER THIS OFFICE'S
JURISDICTION.

07/10/2020
Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01779
Migratory Birds
Certain birds are protected under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act! and the Bald and Golden Eagle
Protection Actz.
Any person or organization who plans or conducts activities that may result in impacts to
migratory birds, eagles, and their habitats should follow appropriate regulations and consider
implementing appropriate conservation measures, as described below.
1. The Migratory Birds Treaty Act of 1918.
2. The Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act of 1940.
3. 50 C.F.R. Sec. 10.12 and 16 U.S.C. Sec. 668(a)
The birds listed below are birds of particular concern either because they occur on the USFWS
Birds of Conservation Concern (BCC) list or warrant special attention in your project location.
To learn more about the levels of concern for birds on your list and how this list is generated, see
the FAQ below. This is not a list of every bird you may find in this location, nor a guarantee that
every bird on this list will be found in your project area. To see exact locations of where birders
and the general public have sighted birds in and around your project area, visit the E-bird data
mapping tool (Tip: enter your location, desired date range and a species on your list). For
projects that occur off the Atlantic Coast, additional maps and models detailing the relative
occurrence and abundance of bird species on your list are available. Links to additional
information about Atlantic Coast birds, and other important information about your migratory
bird list, including how to properly interpret and use your migratory bird report, can be found
below.
For guidance on when to schedule activities or implement avoidance and minimization measures
to reduce impacts to migratory birds on your list, click on the PROBABILITY OF PRESENCE
SUMMARY at the top of your list to see when these birds are most likely to be present and
breeding in your project area.
NAME BREEDING SEASON
Prairie Warbler Dendroica discolor Breeds May 1 to Jul
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its range in the 31
continental USA and Alaska.
Red-headed Woodpecker Melanerpes erythrocephalus Breeds May 10 to Sep
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its range in the 10
continental USA and Alaska.
Rusty Blackbird Euphagus carolinus Breeds elsewhere
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its range in the
continental USA and Alaska.

07/10/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01779
NAME
Wood Thrush Hylocichla mustelina
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) throughout its range in the
continental USA and Alaska.
Yellow -bellied Sapsucker sphyrapicus varies
This is a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC) only in particular Bird Conservation
Regions (BCRs) in the continental USA
https:Hecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/8792
Probability Of Presence Summary
BREEDING SEASON
Breeds May 10 to Aug
31
Breeds May 10 to Jul
15
The graphs below provide our best understanding of when birds of concern are most likely to be
present in your project area. This information can be used to tailor and schedule your project
activities to avoid or minimize impacts to birds. Please make sure you read and understand the
FAQ "Proper Interpretation and Use of Your Migratory Bird Report" before using or attempting
to interpret this report.
Probability of Presence (■)
Each green bar represents the bird's relative probability of presence in the 10km grid cell(s) your
project overlaps during a particular week of the year. (A year is represented as 12 4-week
months.) A taller bar indicates a higher probability of species presence. The survey effort (see
below) can be used to establish a level of confidence in the presence score. One can have higher
confidence in the presence score if the corresponding survey effort is also high.
How is the probability of presence score calculated? The calculation is done in three steps:
The probability of presence for each week is calculated as the number of survey events in
the week where the species was detected divided by the total number of survey events for
that week. For example, if in week 12 there were 20 survey events and the Spotted Towhee
was found in 5 of them, the probability of presence of the Spotted Towhee in week 12 is
0.25.
2. To properly present the pattern of presence across the year, the relative probability of
presence is calculated. This is the probability of presence divided by the maximum
probability of presence across all weeks. For example, imagine the probability of presence
in week 20 for the Spotted Towhee is 0.05, and that the probability of presence at week 12
(0.25) is the maximum of any week of the year. The relative probability of presence on
week 12 is 0.25/0.25 = 1; at week 20 it is 0.05/0.25 = 0.2.
3. The relative probability of presence calculated in the previous step undergoes a statistical
conversion so that all possible values fall between 0 and 10, inclusive. This is the
probability of presence score.
Breeding Season( )

07/10/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01779 3
Yellow bars denote a very liberal estimate of the time -frame inside which the bird breeds across
its entire range. If there are no yellow bars shown for a bird, it does not breed in your project
area.
Survey Effort (1)
Vertical black lines superimposed on probability of presence bars indicate the number of surveys
performed for that species in the 10km grid cell(s) your project area overlaps. The number of
surveys is expressed as a range, for example, 33 to 64 surveys.
No Data (—)
A week is marked as having no data if there were no survey events for that week.
Survey Timeframe
Surveys from only the last 10 years are used in order to ensure delivery of currently relevant
information. The exception to this is areas off the Atlantic coast, where bird returns are based on
all years of available data, since data in these areas is currently much more sparse.
■ probability of presence breeding season I survey effort — no data
SPECIES
JAN
FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Prairie WarblerIIII
��,
BCC Rangewide (CON)
WoodpecBCC ker
IIII IIII
Rusty Blackbird
A—
—'�'
—'— V+--
BCC Rangewide (CON)
Wood Thrush
BCC Rangewide (CON)
Yellow -bellied + +II""I IF
Sapsucker —+-1 1—� —+-- —��— 1-11 A —Al
BCC -BCR
Additional information can be found using the following links:
• Birds of Conservation Concern http://www.fws.gov/birds/management/managed-species/
birds-of-conservation-concern.php
• Measures for avoiding and minimizing impacts to birds http://www.fws.gov/birds/
management/project-assessment-tools-and-guidance/
conservation-measures.php
• Nationwide conservation measures for birds http://www.fws.gov/migratoDLbirds/pdf/
irds/pdf/
management/nationwidestandardconservationmeasures. pdf

07/10/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01779
Migratory Birds FAQ
Tell me more about conservation measures I can implement to avoid or minimize impacts
to migratory birds.
Nationwide Conservation Measures describes measures that can help avoid and minimize
impacts to all birds at any location year round. Implementation of these measures is particularly
important when birds are most likely to occur in the project area. When birds may be breeding in
the area, identifying the locations of any active nests and avoiding their destruction is a very
helpful impact minimization measure. To see when birds are most likely to occur and be breeding
in your project area, view the Probability of Presence Summary. Additional measures and/or
permits may be advisable depending on the type of activity you are conducting and the type of
infrastructure or bird species present on your project site.
What does IPaC use to generate the migratory birds potentially occurring in my specified
location?
The Migratory Bird Resource List is comprised of USFWS Birds of Conservation Concern
(BCQ and other species that may warrant special attention in your project location.
The migratory bird list generated for your project is derived from data provided by the Avian
Knowledge Network (AKN). The AKN data is based on a growing collection of survey, banding_,
and citizen science datasets and is queried and filtered to return a list of those birds reported as
occurring in the 10km grid cell(s) which your project intersects, and that have been identified as
warranting special attention because they are a BCC species in that area, an eagle (Eagle Act
requirements may apply), or a species that has a particular vulnerability to offshore activities or
development.
Again, the Migratory Bird Resource list includes only a subset of birds that may occur in your
project area. It is not representative of all birds that may occur in your project area. To get a list
of all birds potentially present in your project area, please visit the AKN Phenology Tool.
What does IPaC use to generate the probability of presence graphs for the migratory birds
potentially occurring in my specified location?
The probability of presence graphs associated with your migratory bird list are based on data
provided by the Avian Knowledge Network (AKN). This data is derived from a growing
collection of survey, banding, and citizen science datasets .
Probability of presence data is continuously being updated as new and better information
becomes available. To learn more about how the probability of presence graphs are produced and
how to interpret them, go the Probability of Presence Summary and then click on the "Tell me
about these graphs" link.
How do I know if a bird is breeding, wintering, migrating or present year-round in my
project area?
To see what part of a particular bird's range your project area falls within (i.e. breeding,
wintering, migrating or year-round), you may refer to the following resources: The Cornell Lab
of Ornithology All About Birds Bird Guide, or (if you are unsuccessful in locating the bird of

07/10/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01779 5
interest there), the Cornell Lab of Ornithology Neotropical Birds guide. If a bird on your
migratory bird species list has a breeding season associated with it, if that bird does occur in your
project area, there may be nests present at some point within the timeframe specified. If 'Breeds
elsewhere" is indicated, then the bird likely does not breed in your project area.
What are the levels of concern for migratory birds?
Migratory birds delivered through IPaC fall into the following distinct categories of concern:
1. 'BCC Rangewide" birds are Birds of Conservation Concern (BCC) that are of concern
throughout their range anywhere within the USA (including Hawaii, the Pacific Islands,
Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands);
2. 'BCC - BCR" birds are BCCs that are of concern only in particular Bird Conservation
Regions (BCRs) in the continental USA; and
3. "Non -BCC - Vulnerable" birds are not BCC species in your project area, but appear on
your list either because of the Eagle Act requirements (for eagles) or (for non -eagles)
potential susceptibilities in offshore areas from certain types of development or activities
(e.g. offshore energy development or longline fishing).
Although it is important to try to avoid and minimize impacts to all birds, efforts should be made,
in particular, to avoid and minimize impacts to the birds on this list, especially eagles and BCC
species of rangewide concern. For more information on conservation measures you can
implement to help avoid and minimize migratory bird impacts and requirements for eagles,
please see the FAQs for these topics.
Details about birds that are potentially affected by offshore projects
For additional details about the relative occurrence and abundance of both individual bird species
and groups of bird species within your project area off the Atlantic Coast, please visit the
Northeast Ocean Data Portal. The Portal also offers data and information about other taxa besides
birds that may be helpful to you in your project review. Alternately, you may download the bird
model results files underlying the portal maps through the NOAA NCCOS Integrative Statistical
Modeling and Predictive Mapping of Marine Bird Distributions and Abundance on the Atlantic
Outer Continental Shelf project webpage.
Bird tracking data can also provide additional details about occurrence and habitat use
throughout the year, including migration. Models relying on survey data may not include this
information. For additional information on marine bird tracking data, see the Diving Bird Study
and the nanotag studies or contact Caleb Spiegel or Pam Lorin.
What if I have eagles on my list?
If your project has the potential to disturb or kill eagles, you may need to obtain a permit to avoid
violating the Eagle Act should such impacts occur.
Proper Interpretation and Use of Your Migratory Bird Report
The migratory bird list generated is not a list of all birds in your project area, only a subset of
birds of priority concern. To learn more about how your list is generated, and see options for
identifying what other birds may be in your project area, please see the FAQ "What does IPaC

07/10/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01779
use to generate the migratory birds potentially occurring in my specified location". Please be
aware this report provides the "probability of presence" of birds within the 10 km grid cell(s) that
overlap your project; not your exact project footprint. On the graphs provided, please also look
carefully at the survey effort (indicated by the black vertical bar) and for the existence of the "no
data" indicator (a red horizontal bar). A high survey effort is the key component. If the survey
effort is high, then the probability of presence score can be viewed as more dependable. In
contrast, a low survey effort bar or no data bar means a lack of data and, therefore, a lack of
certainty about presence of the species. This list is not perfect; it is simply a starting point for
identifying what birds of concern have the potential to be in your project area, when they might
be there, and if they might be breeding (which means nests might be present). The list helps you
know what to look for to confirm presence, and helps guide you in knowing when to implement
conservation measures to avoid or minimize potential impacts from your project activities,
should presence be confirmed. To learn more about conservation measures, visit the FAQ "Tell
me about conservation measures I can implement to avoid or minimize impacts to migratory
birds" at the bottom of your migratory bird trust resources page.

07/10/2020 Event Code: 04EN1000-2020-E-01779
Wetlands
Impacts to NWI wetlands and other aquatic habitats may be subject to regulation under Section
404 of the Clean Water Act, or other State/Federal statutes.
For more information please contact the Regulatory Program of the local U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers District.
Please note that the NWI data being shown may be out of date. We are currently working to
update our NWI data set. We recommend you verify these results with a site visit to determine
the actual extent of wetlands on site.
RIVERINE
• R5UBH

4 ,own Roy Cooper, Governor
•� ow NC DEPARTMENT OF Susi Hamilton. Secretary
0>•- >•x NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES
Walter Clark, Director, Land and Water Stewardship
NCNHDE-12450
July 10, 2020
Alec Pierzga
The John R. McAdams Company
2905 Meridian Parkway
Durham, NC 27713
RE: Pebble Creek Stream Stabilization; COA-19000
Dear Alec Pierzga:
The North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) appreciates the opportunity to provide
information about natural heritage resources for the project referenced above.
Based on the project area mapped with your request, a query of the NCNHP database indicates that
there are no records for rare species, important natural communities, natural areas, and/or
conservation/managed areas within the proposed project boundary. Please note that although there
may be no documentation of natural heritage elements within the project boundary, it does not
imply or confirm their absence; the area may not have been surveyed. The results of this query
should not be substituted for field surveys where suitable habitat exists. In the event that rare
species are found within the project area, please contact the NCNHP so that we may update our
records.
The attached `Potential Occurrences' table summarizes rare species and natural communities that
have been documented within a one -mile radius of the property boundary. The proximity of these
records suggests that these natural heritage elements may potentially be present in the project area
if suitable habitat exists. Tables of natural areas and conservation/managed areas within a one -mile
radius of the project area, if any, are also included in this report.
If a Federally -listed species is found within the project area or is indicated within a one -mile radius of
the project area, the NCNHP recommends contacting the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) for
guidance. Contact information for USFWS offices in North Carolina is found here:
httr)s://www.fws.aov/offices/Directory/ListOffices.cfm?statecode=37.
Please note that natural heritage element data are maintained for the purposes of conservation
planning, project review, and scientific research, and are not intended for use as the primary criteria
for regulatory decisions. Information provided by the NCNHP database may not be published
without prior written notification to the NCNHP, and the NCNHP must be credited as an information
source in these publications. Maps of NCNHP data may not be redistributed without permission.
The NC Natural Heritage Program may follow this letter with additional correspondence if a
Dedicated Nature Preserve, Registered Heritage Area, Clean Water Management Trust Fund
easement, or Federally -listed species are documented near the project area.
If you have questions regarding the information provided in this letter or need additional assistance,
please contact Rodney A. Butler at rod ney.butlerCo�ncdcr.aov or 919-707-8603.
Sincerely,
NC Natural Heritage Program
0EPAR7MENT OF NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES
p] 121 W. JONES STREET RALEIGH. r-t% 27603 - 1651 MAUL SERv1GE CENTER. RALEdGH. WC 27609
& OFC 019.7R79120 • FAX 919,707.9121

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MCADAMS PROTECTED SPECIES ASSESSMENT > COA-19000
Appendix A.
Habitat Photographs
Photo 1. Dingle Creek looking upstream (7/14/20)
creating experiences through experience 1 of 2

MCADAMS
PROTECTED SPECIES ASSESSMENT > COA-19000
Photo 2: Dingle Creek looking downstream and streamside habitat surveyed for Virginia spiraea (7/14/20)
Photo 3: Dingle Creek substrate
creating experiences through experience 2 of 2

MCADAMS PROTECTED SPECIES ASSESSMENT > COA-19000
Photo 4: Stream banks lined with riprap
creating experiences through experience 3 of 2