WI0100089_Complete File - Historical_20100524

-
i.
State of North Carolina
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality
RECEIVED ! DEAR / DWQ
AQUIFFR PRnTF('TinN cFCTIOH
MAY 2 4 2010,
APPLICATION FOR PERMIT TO CONSTRUCT AND/OR USE A WELL(S) FOR INJECTION
Type 5I Wells — In Situ Groundwater Remediation / Type 5T Wells — Tracer Injection
• Do not use this form for remediation systems that extract contaminated groundwater, treat it, and reinject the treated groundwater.
• Submit TWO copies of the completed application and all attachments to the address on the last page of this form.
• Any changes made to this form will result in the application package being returned.
Application Number (to be completed by DWQ):
I. GENERAL INFORMATION: National Park Service -
1. Applicant's Name (generally the responsible party): Blue Ridge Parkway (BRP )
2. Signing Official's Name*: Philip A. Francis, Jr. Title:BRP Superintendent
* Signing Official must be in accordance with instructions in part VI on page 7.
3. Mailing address of applicant: 199 Hemphill Knob Road
City: Asheville State: NC Zip: 28803
Telephone number: 8 2 8- 2 71- 4 7 7 9 x2 2 9 Fax number: 8 2 8- 2 71- 4 313
4. Property Owner's Name (if different from Applicant): same
5. Property Owner's mailing address:
City: State: Zip:
6. Name and address of contact person who can answer questions about the proposed injection project:
Name: Judd Mahan Title: Project Manager
Company. Mountain Environmental Group
Address: 1560 Pisgah Drive
City: Canton State: NC Zip: 28716
Telephone number: 8 2 8- 6 4 8- 5 5 5 6 Fax number: 8 2 8- 6 4 8 -15 6 6
Email Address: [e-mail]
H. PERMIT INFORMATION:
1. Project is: ew ( Modification of existing permit ( Renewal of existing permit without modification
( Renewal of existing permit with modification
2. If this application is being submitted for renewal or modification to an existing permit, provide:
existing permit number and the issuance date
For renewal without modifications, fill out sections I & H only, sign the certification on the last page of this
form, and obtain the property owner's signature to indicate consent (if the applicant is not the owner).
For all renewals, submit a status report including monitoring results of all injection activities to date.
Revised 6/09 UIC-51/5T Page 1 of 7

APPLICATION FOR PERNUT TO CONSTRUCT AND/OR USE A WELL(S) FOR INJECTION
Type 51 Wells - In Situ Groundwater Remediation /Type 5T Wells - Tracer Injection
M. INCIDENT & FACILITY DATA
A. FACILITY INFORMATION
1. Facility name: Former Pisgah Inn Gas Station
2. Complete physical address of the facility: Mile Post 408, Blue Ridge Parkway
City: Waynesville
B. INCIDENT DESCRIPTION
County: Haywood
State: NC Zip: 2 8 7/1.6
1. Describe the source of the contamination: Contamination consists of gasoline -impacted
soil and groundwater. The release was discovered during UST removal
activities in November 2003. Four 3,000-gal USTs were removed.
Approximately 36 cubic yds of impacted soil was removed. The UST
excavation extended to -14 ft below ground surface. However, impacted
soil extended deeper. Assessment data from the July 2009 CSA indicates
gasoline -impacted soil in a smear zone that extends from 29 ft below
ground surface to the approximate depth of bedrock at -41 ft.
2. List all contaminants present in soils or groundwater at the site (contaminants may be listed in groups, e.g.,
gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, fuel oil, chlorinated ethenes, chlorinated ethanes, metals, pesticides/herbicides, etc):
Soil and groundwater at the site is impacted with gasoline.
3. Has LNAPL or DNAPL ever been observed at the site (even if outside the injection zone)?
( Yes If yes, list maximum measured separate phase thickness 0.5 feet
(No If no, list maximum concentration of total VOCs observed at site: ppb
4. Agenc managing the contamination incident:
ST Sectio ( Superfund Section (including REC Program and DSCA sites)
( DWQ Aquifer Protection Section ( Solid Waste Section
( Hazardous Waste Section ( Other:
5. Incident managers name Mike Streeter andphonenumber 828-296-4643
6. Incident number or other site number assigned by the agency managing the contamination incident:
28188
C. PERMITS
List all permits or construction approvals that have been issued for the facility or incident, including those not
directly related to the proposed injection operation:
1. Hazardous Waste Management program permits under RCRA: Not applicable
2. DWQ Non -Discharge orNPDES permits: n/a
3. County or DEH subsurface wastewater disposal permits: n/a
4. Other environmental permits required by state or federal law: n/a
Revised 6/09 UIC-5I15T Page 2 of 7
MM

APPLICATION FOR PERMIT TO CONSTRUCT AND/OR USE A WELL(S) FOR INJECTION
Type 5I Wells —In Situ Groundwater Remediation / Type 5T Wells — Tracer Injection
IV. INJECTION DATA
A. INJECTION FLUID DATA
I . List all proposed injectants.
NOTE: Any substance to be injected as a tracer or to promote in situ remediation must be reviewed by the
Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Section (OEES) of the Division of Public Health, Department of
Health and Human Services. Review the list of qpproved injectants or contact the UIC Program to determine if
the injectants you are proposing have been reviewed by OEES.
Injectant: Oxygen BioChem (OBC) to be mixed with water to create slurry.
Concentration at point of injection: 2 0 %
Percent if in a mixture with other injectants:
Injectant:
Concentration at point of injection:
Percent if in a mixture with other injectants:
Injectant:
Concentration at point of injection:
Percent if in a mixture with other iniectants:
Concentration at point of injection:
Percent if in a mixture with other injectants:
2. Source of fluids used to dilute or chase the injectants listed above:
( None
( Municipal water supply
well or any well within '''A mile
( Air
( Other:
3. If any well within V4 mile of injection site, a private well, or surface water is to be used as the fluid source, supply
the following information: DW-1 / DW-2 Together, these wells supply water
a. Location/ID number of source: for the facility.
b. Depth of source: DW -1 is 400 f t. DW - 2 is 100 f t.
c. Formation: Ashe Metamorphic Suite
d. Rock/Sedimenttype: fractured muscovite -biotite gneiss
e. In Attachment C, provide a current, complete chemical analysis of the water from the source well, including
analyses for all contaminants suspected or historically recognized in soil or groundwater on the site.
NOTE. If contaminated groundwater is to be used as the dilution or chase fluid, this is not the proper permit
application form. You must apply for a closed -loop groundwater remediation permit using application form
GWRS.
Revised 6/09 UIC-5I/5T Page 3 of 7

APPLICATION FOR PERMIT TO CONSTRUCT AND/OR USE A WELL(S) FOR INJECTION
Type 5I Wells - In Situ Groundwater Remediation / Type 5T Wells - Tracer Injection
B. PROPOSED OPERATING PARAMETERS
-76 gallons of slurry to be injected into each of 10
1. Duration of Injection: temporary injection points.
a. Maximum number of separate injection events: 1
b. Expected duration of each injection event2 days to complete injection for all 10 points.
c. Expected duration between events (if more than one event):
2. Injection rate per well: 2-5 gallons per minute (gpm)
3. Total Injection volume: 76 per wel lgallons per day (gpd); gallons per event (if separate events)
4. Injection pressure: 5 to 20 pounds/square inch (psi)
5. Temperature at point of injection: 62 OF
6. Briefly describe how the above parameters will be measured and controlled: Slurry will be mixed in
and pumped from a 200 gallon poly tank. A pneumatic diaphragm pump will be
used to pump the slurry. A gauge on the injection tether monitors injection
7. Estimated hydraulic capacity of the well: 5 gpm pressure. Pressure is regulated
at the air compressor.
C. INJECTION WELL CONSTRUCTION DATA
1. Injection will be via:
( Existing well(s) proposed for use as an injection well. Provide the data in (2) through (6) below to the best of
your knowledge.
)Proposed well(s) to be constructed for use as an injection well. Provide the data in (2) through (6) below as
proposed construction specifications.
2. Well Drilling Contractor's Name: Charles E . Ball
NC Well Contractor Certification number: NCWC 4 0 2 5 - B
3. Date to be constructed: June 1 &2 Number of borings: 10
Approximate depth of each boring (feet): 32
&*`r�-Val
4. Screened interval/Injectio of injection wells:
Depth: 3 0 to -3-2 feet below ground surface (if multiple intervals, indicate shallowest and deepest depth).
5. Well casing (N/A if injection is through direct push rods):
Type: ( PVC ( Stainless steel( Other:
Casing depth: to ft.
6. Grout (N/A if injection is through direct push rods):
Type: ( Cement
Grout depth: _
( Bentonite ( Other:
to ft.
N/A - direct push
N/A
Revised 6/09 UIC-5I/5T Page 4 of 7

APPLICATION FOR PERMIT TO CONSTRUCT AND/OR USE A WELL(S) FOR INJECTION
Type 5I Wells — In Situ Groundwater Remediation / Type 5T Wells — Tracer Injection
V. ATTACHMENTS
Provide the following items as separate attachments with the given headings:
A. SITE HISTORY
Provide a brief description of the site history including:
(1) site usage historically and present,
(2) origin of the contamination,
(3) previous remedial action(s).
NOTE. G.S. 89E-18 requires that any geologic plans, reports, or documents in which the performance is related to the
public welfare or safeguarding of the environment be prepared by a licensed geologist or subordinate under their
direction. G.S. 89E-13 requires that all drawings, reports, or documents involving geologic workprepared or approved
by a licensed geologist, or a subordinate under their direction, be signed and sealed by the licensed geologist.
B. HYDROGEOLOGIC DESCRIPTION
Provide a hydrogeologic description, soils description, and cross section of the subsurface to a depth that includes the
known or projected depth of contamination. The hydrogeologic description shall include:
(1) the regional geologic setting;
(2) significant changes in lithology;
(3) the hydraulic conductivity, transmissivity, and specific yield of the aquifer to be used for injection, including a
description of the test(s) used to determine these parameters; and
(4) the depth to the mean seasonal high water table.
C. INJECTION FLUID COMPOSITION
Describe the chemical, physical, biological and radiological characteristics of each injectant. Attach the Material Safety
Data Sheet (MSDS) for each injectant. If a private well. or a well within'/a mile of the injection site is used as the source
well, include chemical analysis of source fluid here.
D. INJECTION RATIONALE
Attach a brief description of the rationale for selecting the injectants and concentrations proposed for injection, including:
(1) goals of the injection project;
(2) explanation and/or calculations of how the proposed injectant volume and concentration were determined;
(3) a description of the reactions between the injectants and the contaminants present including specific breakdown
products or intermediate compounds that may be formed by the injection; and
(4) summary results of modeling or testing performed to investigate the injectant's potential or susceptibility to change
(biological, chemical or physical) in the subsurface.
E. INJECTION PROCEDURE AND EQUIPMENT
Provide a detailed description of all planned activities related to the proposed injection including but not limited to:
(1) construction plans and materials;
(2) operation procedures;
(3) a detailed diagram of the surface and subsurface portions of the system; and
(4) a planned injection schedule.
Revised 6/09 UIC-51/5T Page 5 of 7

APPLICATION FOR PERMIT TO CONSTRUCT AND/OR USE A WELL(S) FOR INJECTION
Type 5I Wells —In Situ Groundwater Remediation / Type 5T Wells — Tracer Injection
F. MONITORING PLAN
Provide a plan for monitoring the results of the injection, including:
(1) a list of existing and proposed monitoring wells to be used;
(2) a list of monitoring parameters and analytical methods to be used; and
(3) a schedule for sampling to monitor the proposed injection.
NOTE. The selected monitoring wells must be located so as to detect any movement of injection fluids, process by-
products, or formation fluids outside the injection area or zone. The monitoring parameters should include the target
contaminants as well as secondary or intermediate contaminants which may result from the injection and other
parameters which may serve to indicate the progress of the intended reactions, such as pH, ORP, dissolved oxygen, and
other electron acceptors and donors. The monitoring schedule should be consistent with the pace of the anticipated
reactions and rate of transport of the injectants and contaminants.
G. WELL DATA
Provide a tabulation of data on all existing or abandoned wells within 'A mile of the injection well(s) which penetrate the
proposed injection zone, including, but not limited to, monitoring wells and wells proposed for use as injection wells.
Such data shall include a description of each well's use (water supply, monitoring, etc), total depth, screened or open
borehole depth interval, and well construction or abandonment record, if available.
H. MAPS
Attach the following scaled, site -specific maps:
(1) Area map based on the most recent USGS 7.5' topographic map of the area, at a scale of 1:24,000 and
showing the location of the proposed injection site.
(2) Site map including:
a. all property boundaries;
b. all buildings within the property boundary;
c. existing and proposed injection wells or well field(s)
d. any existing sources of potential or known groundwater contamination, including waste storage,
treatment or disposal systems within 1/4 mile of the injection well or well system;
e. all surface water bodies within 1/4 mile of the injection well or well system; and
f. _ all existing or abandoned wells within 'Amile of the injection well(s) which penetrate the proposed
injection zone, including, but not limited to, monitoring wells and wells proposed for use as injection
wells.
(3) Potentiometric surface map(s) including:
a. direction of groundwater movement
b. existing and proposed monitoring wells
c. existing and proposed injection wells
(4) Contaminant plume map(s) including:
a. the horizontal extent of the contaminant plume, including isoconcentration lines
b. existing and proposed monitoring wells
c. existing and proposed injection wells
(5) Cross-section(s) to the known or projected depth of contamination, including:
a. horizontal and vertical extent of the contaminant plume, including isoconcentration lines
b. major changes in lithology
c. existing and proposed monitoring wells
d. existing and proposed injection wells
Revised 6/09 UIC-5I/5T Page 6 of 7

APPLICATION FOR PERMIT TO CONSTRUCT AND/OR USE A WELL(S) FOR INJECTION
Type 5I Wells — In Situ Groundwater Remediation / Type 5T Wells — Tracer Injection
VI. CERTIFICATION (to be signed as required below or by that person's authorized agent)
NCAC 15A 2C .0211(b) requires that all permit applications shall be signed as follows:
1. for a corporation: by a responsible corporate officer
2. for a partnership or sole proprietorship: by a general partner or the proprietor, respectively
3. for a municipality or a state, federal, or other public agency: by either a principal executive officer or
ranking publicly elected official
4. for all others: by the well owner.
If an authorized agent is signing on behalf of the applicant, then supply a letter signed by the applicant that
names and authorizes their agent.
I hereby certify under penalty of law that I have personally examined and am familiar with the information
submitted in this document and all attachments therein, and that, based on my inquiry of those individuals
immediately responsible for obtaining said information, I believe that the information is true, accurate, and
complete. I am aware that there are penalties, including the possibility of fines and imprisonment, for submitting
false information. I agree to construct, operate, maintain, repair, and if applicable, abandon the injection well(s)
and all related appurtenances in accordance with the approved specifications and conditions of the Permit.
Printed N,
Signature:
VII. CONSENT OF PROPERTY OWNER (if the property is not owned by the applicant)
("Owner" means any person who holds the fee or other property rights in the well being constructed. A well is
real property and its construction on land shall be deemed to vest ownership in the land owner, in the absence of
contrary agreement in writing.)
As owner of the property on which the injection well(s) are to be constructed and operated, I hereby consent to
allow the applicant to construct each injection well as outlined in this application and agree that it shall be the
responsibility of the applicant to ensure that the injection well(s) conform to the Well Construction Standards
(Title 15A NCAC 2C .0200).
Printed Name and
Signature: Date:
Submit TWO copies of the completed application package, including all attachments, to:
RECEIVED I DFNR I DWQ
P,QUIFFa PanTFr ?��N SFCT{ON.
viAl 2 4 2010.
Revised 6/09
UIC Program
Aquifer Protection Section
North Carolina DENR-DWQ
1636 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1636
Telephone [phone]
UIC-5I/5T
RECEIVED / DENR i DWQ
AQUIFFP PPnTFr'T!nN ,�FCTICN
MAY 12 2010
Page 7 of 7

OUNTAIN
Environmental Group
environmental consulting • assessment • remediation • waste management
Former Pisgah Inn Gas Station
Sources for Attachments
• Assessment data included in the attachments is taken from the following sources:
o Comprehensive Site Assessment (CSA) submitted to NCDENR UST Section in
Swannanoa, NC on March 26, 2009
o Corrective Action Plan (CAP) submitted to NCDENR on July 8, 2009
• Both the CSA and CAP were prepared by Altamont Environmental, Inc. in Asheville, NC.
• Applicable text, tables and figures from the CSA and CAP are included herein to Section
V of the UIC Permit Application.
• Title pages with signature and professional stamp are included for the CAP and CSA.
Complete copies of both the CSA and CAP are available upon request.
• Subsequent to CAP approval, Mountain Environmental was contracted by the Blue
Ridge Parkway to implement the CAP.
1560 Pisgah Drive
Canton, NC 28716
www. mountai nenvironmental,com
PHONE: [phone]
[phone]
FAX. [phone]

... TACHMENT 3 -- CAP
ENGINEERING & H YDROGEOL O G Y
231 HAYYlUUU SIREEI, ASNEVILLE, NC 28601
'tEL.[phone] FAC.828.261.3351
W WW.ALTAPTONTENVIRONMEN'7AL.CO6}
CORRCCTIv E ACTION _FLAN
FORMER PISGAH INN GAS STATION
BLUE RIDGE PARKWAY
HA'YWOOI) COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
GROUNDWATER INCIDEN'r No. 28188
Prepared f'Or
Natlonal Pail: Sewice
July 8, 2009
Prepared by
!i.ltamont Environmental, hic.
231 I laywood Street.
Asheville, North Carolina 28801
[phone]
r F. (iitben, P.C.
I'rlije.ct F:n;inc�:.r

i ttachment A - Site History
ATTACHMENT 3 — CAP
Corrective Action Plan July 8, 2009
Former Pisgah Inn Gas Station; Haywood County, Notch Carolina Altamont Envimumentai, Inc.
1.0 SITE. HISTORY AND CHARACTERIZATION
On November 4, 2003, it was discovered while removing four 3,000-gallon underground storage tanks
(USTs) at the former Pisgah. Inn Gas Station that an unknown quantity of gasoline had released into
surrounding soils. The release may have resulted from spillage, overfilling, or leakage from the USTs or
associated piping: The tanks were permanently closed by removal in November 2003. Approximately
440 gallons of gasoline product, sludge, and water were recovered from within the USTs. A total of 36
cubic yards of contaminated soil was removed and appropriately disposed of (Armstrong 2003). A
summary of the former UST system, including information about the UST owner, is presented in Table_ 1.
No present or former aboveground storage tanks (ASTs) have been identified at the site. No non -UST or
AST releases are known to have occurred at the site.
The former Pisgah Inn Gas Station is located within rugged mountain terrain on the Pisgah Ridge in the
Blue Ridge Mountains along the Blue Ridge Parkway in Haywood County, North Carolina (Figure 1).
The former Pisgah lnn Gas Station is now a gift shop which is part of the Pisgah Inn complex. As
indicated in Figure 2, this includes an inn, a restaurant, a campground, and various hiking trails_ The land
surrounding the former USTs is within the Pisgah National Forest, and exhibits high topographic relic£ It
is used primarily for recreational purposes (Figure 3). No residential communities are located within two
miles of the site.
Several assessment and corrective action activities have been performed to date at the site, as follows:
• UST Closure —Field work, performed in November 2003, included removing four 3,000-gallon
USN collecting soil samples (PI -I, PI-2, PL-1 through PL 3, TP_ 1 through TP-14, and SW-1
through SW-5), and excavating and disposing of approximately 36 cubic yards of impacted soil
off -site. The associated UST Closure Report was submitted in December 2003 to the UST
Section of DENR (Armstrong 2003).
• Limited Site Assessment (LSA). Phase I —Field work, performed in spring 2004, included
performing a water -well survey, installing one monitoring well (MW-1), collecting groundwater
samples from the identified water supply wells (DW-1 and DW 2) and the monitoring well MW-
1, and collecting soil samples from six soil probe holes (SP-1 through SP-6). The monitoring
well MW-1 is a flush mount well and screened within the soil overlying the bedrock. The bottom
of the well (total depth of 40.5 feet below ground surface [bgs]) is at the top of the bedrock.
• Limited Site Assessment (LSA). Phase II —Field work, performed in June 2004, included
installing five additional monitoring wells (MW-2 through MW-6) and collecting associated
Pifte Ridge ParkwayWr Pisgah 1nnMq orts\CAPtRepnrt ContentsiCAP doc

Corrective Action Plan
Former Pisgah Inn Gas Station; Haywood County, North Carolina
ATTACHMENT 3 -- CAP
July 8, 2009
Altamont Environmental, Inc.
groundwater samples. All of these monitoring wells are flush mount. Monitoring wells MW-3
and MW-4 are screened within the soil overlying the bedrock; monitoring wells MW 2, MW-5,
and MW-6 are set within the bedrock (Figures 4 through 6 and Table 2). The boring logs for
these wells are presented in the Limited Site Assessment report (including both Phase I and H
work) that was submitted to the LIST Section of DENR in summer 2004 (Armstrong 2004).
Groundwater Montt M97-Field work included periodically collecting groundwater samples from
the two water -supply wells (DW-1 and DW 2) and selected monitoring wells (MW11, MW-5, and
MW-6). No groundwater samples were collected from MW-1 during these monitoring activities
because of the continued presence of free product in the well. This monitoring was conducted
monthly from October 2005 through September 2006 and quarterly from December 2006 through
September 2007. Altamont documented these results in periodic reports (the most recent of
which is Altamont September 25, 2007).
• CSA—Field work, performed in summer 2008, included collecting eight soil samples (TP-12,
SMW-1, SP-1, SP-4, SB-2, S114, SB-6, and SB-8) as well as collecting groundwater samples
from four of the six existing monitoring wells (MW 2 through MW-4, and MW-6) and the two
water supply wells (DW-1 and DW 2; Altamont 2009).
• Free Product Removal —Field work included the installation of a submersible pump in MW-1 in
summer 2008 and operation and maintenance of the system which is ongoing.
During the Phase I LSA, in April 2004, Armstrong Environmental conducted a receptor survey of the
surrounding area within 1,500 feet of the site Two water supply wells (DW-1 and DW-2) were identified
northwest (downgradient) of the former UST& These wells provide water for the Pisgah Inn and the
adjacent Mount Pisgah Campground. Figure 3 indicates the location of the water supply wells. The
water supply wells draw groundwater from the fractured bedrock; according to National Park Service
personnel the total depths of DW-I and DW 2 are 400 feet bgs and 200 to 300 feet bgs, respectively. To
the best of our knowledge, Pisgah Inn utilizes no municipal water supply systems.
According to the North Carolina Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP), DWI and DW-2 are
considered part of a Non -Transient Non -Community System, which is defined as a public water system
that is not a community system and regularly serves at. least 2S of the same persons six or more months
o
per year. The site is not located within a Wellhead Protection Area and there are no other known water
wells within 1,500 feet of the source area.
A springhead of an unnamed stream is located appmxirnately 475 feet west of the campground area and
downgtadient of the source area. The unnamed tributary drains into _Pisgah Creek, which flows
PMfue Ridge Par&way\Mt Pisgah Irm\RVa rtACAP qcd troutents\CAP.doe

ATTACHMENT 3 — CAP
Corrective Action Plan July 8, 2009
Former Pisgah. Inn Gas Station; Haywood County, North Carolina Altamont Environmental, Inc.
northwesterly into the East Fork of the Pigeon River. According to the DENR, Division of Water
Quality, Pisgah Creek is a WS-III Class C stream and is part of the French Broad River Basin.
The National Wetland Inventory (NWI) shows that a fieshwater forested shrub wetland lies in the central
part of the Pisgah Inn campground area. The approximate outline of this wetland area is shown on Figure
3.
The Pisgah inn and Mount Pisgah Campground are recreation facilities for visitors traveling in the area.
The surrounding terrain is part of the Pisgah National Forest No residential communities are located
within two mites of the site.
PAW= Ridge Parkway\Mt Pisgah InnU?epard\CAP Repazt Cmuents@CAPAac

NOTE:
WATER TABLE ELEVATIONS WERE
MEASURED ON AUGUST 12, 2008
BMW--5
LEGEND FIGURE
.
MONITORING WELL POTENTIOMETRIC
( SURFACE MAP
E NofneeniHbQ�H YDROD[Ol.OpJY�W.I
QO CSA SOIL BORING 701 NAYWDOD GTARCY, APMRVILLL, NC 20001 AUGUST 2008
Te L.6211.241,33ED FAc.M2N Pal 3351
A -A' CROSS SECTION LOCATIONS WWW.AVFANPNYNNYIPONMPNTAU.CQM FORMER PISGAH INN GAS STATION
4
DRAWN BY: ANNA SAYLOR SCALE (FEET) MILE POST 408 BLUE RIDGE PARKWAY
a870—POTENTIOMETRICSURFACE PROJECT MANAGER: CHRIS GILBERT HAYWOOD COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
CONTOURS (5-FOOT INTERVALS) CLIENT: NPS 30 o so ao
DATE: 06/29/2009 P \nlW.. PQQE PAPXNAY\MT M161H HN\FIQWFA\FjCIPt L-POTtNTiQM1RIC "FACE MAF-AtMT 12, N04,VN4

O
AM -6
(4,873,637)
®MW-4
(4, 883. 6,
NOTE:
WATER TABLE ELEVATIONS WERE
MEASURED ON JANUARY 8, 2009
LEGEND
A MONITORING WELL
® CSA SOIL BORING
CROSS SECTION LOCATIONS
4990-POTENTIOMETRIC SURFACE
CONTOURS (5-FOOT INTERVAL
MW-5
(4,683.37)
V-2
,91T72)
POTENTIOMETRIC FIGURE
-% SURFACE MAP
L - I NOIN[[R1 aO__&, i"I vDRO0EOLOOv --_)
�231 HA.WCOP STAR.,, AgwrMLI. NC RGB01 JANUARY 2009
.cL.Ito'211.3350 Pia 024,201.33a,
W.1.61'.0.15R9O1•».■.TAL.••M FORMER PISGAH INN GAS STATION 5
DRAWN BY: ANNA SAYLOR MILE POST 408 BLUE RIDGE PARKWAY
PROJECT MANAGER: CHRIS GILBERT SCALE (FEET) HAYWOOD COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
CLIENT: NPS ao a ao ao
DATE: 06/29/2009 P \M 1! R-1 PAM-WMT PIS4 N Q AP O-P4MM 1ROMK S Xf![[ 1AP-4.\M - E, NO FM4

WEST EAST
A Al
EXTENT OF
XCAVATION
4930 BLUE IN 2003 4930
RIDGE MW-I
SB-2
IDG SB-8 (SMW-1) TP-12 SP-2TP-2 TP-3 MW-2
aw i
1 4920
4920 SB- 1 / Q
NB ND
4910 l� 4910
r SM
S w ND
IND
4900 ND / 4900
MW-4 �SZ
SILTY CLAYS TO SANDY SILTS ND ND APPROXIMATE EXTENT OF
4890 Np ---------CURRENT ROIL/GROUNDWATER 4890
ND / 3E * CONTAMINATION
Q
ONLY
OF
4880 SOIL DETECTED IMPACTED
IN 4680
/f .;��APPROXIMATE TOP OF BEDROCK (SEE TABLE 4 AND
PETROLEUM -RELATED FIGURE 5)
CONTAMINATION
IS INTERPRETED TO BE
G4570
4870 / ' NEISSIC BEDROCK BEDROCKNEARMW OIE
"- IN GROUNDWATER Alm
SMEAR ZONE
LEGEND 13 I® CONCEPTUAL SITE MODEL FIGURE
Lwow-wa �,7ennr...-Ixoeo ----E -,,ni a- I�i-i; 1131
•tM 10, MI1NM .,,.,„„�„». NOTES: - -- - -- - ""` CROSS SECTION A -A'
+lM,F 1--v a1WrMp,1 �.wx«rv-Mrv,rw af" non-, a Nl ,��9r
MVrp ww. sau„,w, �'„�'„r.,,,""-,"..�"��"�'����'
" " "" "" FORMER PISGAH INN GAS STATION unin,on a. ,u n.n+w-r..Ixa.r w,,w-wn rw.-a.-n
"U M"wvq I" Fwr"o-M, Af1-N,
_,""."uiuw"" Q•rr.n.,.�-.. w 6
DRAWN
T : AWA SA LORIO GIuaRT SCALE FACTOR MILE POST 408 BLUE RIDGE PARKWAY
HAYWOOD COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
CLIENT; NFR V: I ,N- 10 PT WIN - 20 ,i
REV. DATP DeaCRIPTM NY CMl Aw PnRUR Re„ PArM.Y1N/ NMw MA TSNWTWX a

ATTACHMENT 4 - CSA
50 COLLEGE !:,'r1?ECT, ASHEVILLE . 0C 28001
TEL. 828.2 Bt.:3350 F4c 6%G,2'f3!,-335t
WWW. A L,rAht() NTENV I RON ME t(TAL, C GF-1
COMPREHENSIVE SITEA ABBEY SSINIENT
FOR1 IER PISGAti ININ GAS STATION
BLUE RIDGE PARTMAY
HAYWOOD COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
GROUNDWATE, R JN-C-11DE, NT No. 28188
Prepared for
National Park Servic.e.
March 26, 2009
Prepared by
Altainont Environmental, Inc.
50 College Street
Asheville, NC 2880.1
[phone]
r]
16j, F. Gilbert P.E.
Prqject Engineer-
A

Attache ft B - Hydrogeologic Description
(includes figures from July 2009 CAP)
ATTACHMENT 4 -CSA
Comprehensive Site Assessment March 26, 2009
Pisgah Inn Gas Station; Haywood County, North Carolina Aitamont Environmental, Inc.
4.0 GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY
4.1 GEOLOGY
According to the statewide geologic map ofNorth Carolina, dated 1985, the site is located within the
Eastern Blue Ridge Belt physiographic province (Department of Natural Resources and Community
Development, 1985). The site lies within metamorphosed rocks of the Ashe Metamorphic Suite. Rock
types in the area of the site include muscovite-biotite gneiss that is intedayered and gradational with mica
schist, minor amphibolite, and hornblende gneiss. The site is located along a major ridge and is covered
with a relatively thin veneer of soils. Measured depths to bedrock at the site (based on soil boring refusal
depths during the CSA and monitoring -well drilling during the LSA) range from I 1 to 42 feet bgs (Figure
4 and Appendix Q.
The soils that were encountered during the UST removal consisted of fill material (sandy silts and well -
sorted gravel). Native unsaturated material located below the former tank pit approximately 12 feet bgs
are described as light -tan silty sand with cobbles and boulders (Armstrong 2003).
Based on the data collected during the LSA and the boring logs from this CSA, the soils overlying the
bedrock are predominantly micaceous silty clays and sandy silts. Silty sand soils are also present locally
(Figure 4 and Appendix Q. The underlying bedrock:. at the site consists of micaceous schist (Armstrong,
2004). To date, no investigations associated with the release at the former UST system have evaluated
the density and orientation of the fractures within the bedrock.
4.2 HYDRoGEOLOGY
Based on the topography of the site and water -level measurements obtained during site investigations,
groundwater appears to flow across the site from east to west (Figures 5 and 6). The highest water -level
elevations are located to the east of the former UST system and the lowest elevations occur in the
a o
campground, west of the Blue Ridge Parkway.
Depths to groundwater measured in the summer of 2008 (August 12, 2008), as part of the CSA, ranged
from 14.79 feet below the monitoring well top of casing (TOC) in MW-2 to 38.73 feet below TOC in
P:tBtue Ridge ParkwayEMt Pisgah hnARep rtsCCSAtCSA.docx .

ATTACHMENT 4 - CSA
Comprehensive Site Assessment March 26, 2009
Pisgah Inn Gas Station; Haywood County, North Carolina Ahamont Environmental, Inc.
MW-3 (Table 3). Historical depths to groundwater have varied greatly. From December 2006 through
August 2008, the depth to the groundwater fluctuated up to I I feet (Table 4) in the monitoring wells. The
region experienced exceptional drought conditions during the spring and summer 2008, and this is
reflected in the groundwater elevation data. Recent water -level measurements in January 2009 showed
water levels at more normal depths. Depths to groundwater measured in the winter 2009 (January 8,
2009) ranged from 8.67 feet below the top of casing (TOC) in monitoring well MW-2 to 27.68 feet below
TOC in monitoring well MW-3 (Table 3).
The water table or surficial aquifer commonly occurs in the unconsolidated overburden above the
bedrock. During the summer of 2008, the water table was measured,just above the top of bedrock or
actually within the bedrock (Figure 4). Hydraulic connectivity between the overburden and the bedrock
has not been demonstrated on a site -specific basis. However, generally in the Blue Ridge Province of
Western North Carolina, groundwater hydraulic connectivity between the overburden and the underlying
bedrock does exist. At a location near the top of a ridge, such as the site, commonly the groundwater
moves downward from the overburden into the fractures within the bedrock (LeGrand, 2004).
F-Mue Ridge ParLwayWt Pisgah hWXRepaMICSAtCSA dacx 6

Groundwater Analytical Summary for Table 7 ATTACHMENT 4 - CSA
Water Supply Well DW-1 Historic Groundwater Sample Analytical Results
Former Pisgah Inn Gas Station
Milepost 408 Slue Ridge Parkway
Haywood County, North Carolina
Sample
Collection Date
Phase of
Work
Metals
VPH
Organic Compounds
Volatile Organic
Compounds (VOCs)
Lead
AWL
Aliphatic (C05-008)
µg/L
Aliphatic (C09-C12)
Aromatic (C09-CI0)
Benzene
991L
Toluene
µg/L
Xylenes (Total)
µg/L
7/152004
LSA
<5.0
NA
NA
NA
<0.50
<1.0
<1.0
8/6/2004
LSA
<5.0
NA
NA
NA
<0.50
<0.50
<1.0
10/12/2005
Monitoring
12
<100
<100
<100
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
11/17/2005
Monitoring
<5.0
<100
<100
<100
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
12/29/2005
Monitoring
<5.0
<100
<100
<100
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
1/13/2006
Monitoring
63
<74
<68
_
<72
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
2/15/2006
Monitoring
<5.0
<100
<100
<100
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
3/7/2006
Monitoring
8.2
<100
<100
<100
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
4/72006
Monitoring
<5.0
<100
<100
<100
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
DW-1
5/42006
Monitoring
<5.0
<100
<100
<100
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
6/82006
Monitoring
<5.0
<100
<100
<100
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
7/62006
Monitoring
<5.0
<100
<100
<100
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
8/112006
Monitoring
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
9/72006
Monitoring
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
12/202006
Monitoring
NS
NS
_ _
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
3/82007
Monitoring
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
6/1/2007
Monitoring
<5.0
<100
<100
<1.0
<1.0
<2.0
9/52007
Monitoring
NS
_
NS
_ _<100
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
8/11/2008
CSA
NA
<100
<100
<100
<0.50
<0.50
<1.5
NC 21, Standard
15
420
4,200
210
1
1,000
530
GCLe
15,000
NL
NL
NL
5,000
257,500 1
87.500
P:1Blue Ridge ParkwaylMt Pisgah lm\ReponikCSA\AnalAceRtbl-Groundwater Analytical Results Page 4 of 5

Table 7
ATTACHMENT 4 - CSA
Groundwater Analytical Summary Historic Groundwater Sample Analytical Results
for Water Supply Well DW-2
Former Pisgah Inn Gas Station
Milepost 408 Blue Ridge Parkway
Haywood County, North Carolina
Sample
Collection Date
Phase of
Work
Metals
VPH
Organic Compounds
Volatile Organic
Compounds (VOCs)
Lead
µg/L
Aliphatic (C05-008)
WL
Aliphatic (C09-C12)
Ag/L
Aromatic (C09-C10)
N1/L
Benzene
!9/L
Toluene
µg/L
Xylenes (Total)
µg/L
8/6/2004
LSA
<5.0
NA
NA
_ NA
<0.50
<0.50
<1.0
10/12/2005
Monitoring
<5.0
<100
<I00
<100
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
11/17/2005
Monitoring
<5.0
<100
<100
<100
<1.0
<I.0
<1.0
12/29/2005
Monitoring
<5.0
<100
<100
<100
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0.
1/13/2006
Monitoring
<5.0
<74
<68
<72
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
2/15/2006
Monitoring
<5.0
<100
<100
<100
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
3n12006
Monitoring
<5.0
<100
<100
<100
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
4nt2006
Monitoring
<5.0
<100
<100
<100
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
5/4/2006
Monitoring
<5.0
<100
<100
<100
<I.0
<1.0
<1.0
DW-2
6/8/2006
Monitoring
<5.0
<100
__<100
<100
<I.0
<1.0
<1.0
7/6/2006
Monitoring
<5.0
<100
<100
<100
<I.0
<1.0
<1.0
8/11/2006
Monitoring
<5.0
<100
<100
<100
<1.0
<1.0
<I.0
9/7/2006
Monitoring
<5.0
<100
<100
<100
<1.0
<1.0
<3.0
1220/2006
Monitoring
<5.0
<I00
<100
<100
<1.0
<1.0
<3.0
3/8/2007
Monitoring
13
<100
<100
<100
<1.0
<1.0
<2.0
6/1/2007
Monitoring
<5.0
<100
<100 _
<100
<1.0
<1.0
4.0
9/52007
Monitoring
<5.0
<100
<100
<100
<1.0
<1.0
<2.0
8/11/2008
CSA
NA
<100 .
<100
<100
<0.50
<0.50
<1.5
NC 2L Standard
15
1
420
4,200
210
1
1,000
530
GCLs
15,000
1 NL
NL
NL
1 5,000
1 257,500
1 87,500
Notes:
1. This table represents detected compounds only. For complete analyses and detection limits see the respective laboratory analytical reports included within the
Altamont and Armstrong documents included in List of Refemces.
2. NC 2L Standard from "North Carolina Administrative Code. Title 15A: Department of Environment, Health, and Natural
Resources, Subchapter 2L - Groundwater Classifications and Standards," NC DENR, April 2005.
3. Aliphatic (C09-C12) and Aromatic (C09-C10) hydrocarbon ranges are fractions within the Standard Ranges ofAliphatics C9-C18 and Aromatics C9-C22 listed in the
NC 2L Standard. This and related information is presented on Figure I7 "Worksheet for Analyzing MADEP Groundwater Sample Results," in
"Guidelines for Assessment and Corrective Action, North Carolina Underground Storage Tank Section," April X01, Change 1.
4. µg/L, is micrograms per liter. NS indicates there was No Sample collected. NA indicates Not Analyzed.
5. Bold numbers indicate an exceedance of the NC 2L Standard.
6. GCLs-Gross Contamination Levels taken from "Guidelines for Assessment and Corrective Action for UST Release" dated July 15, 2008.
P_\Blue Ridge Parkway\Mt Pisgah Jnn\Reports\CSAlAnalyticalltbl-CmoundwaterAnalytical Results Page 5 of 5

Attachment D - Injection Rationale
(from the July 2009 CAP) ATTACHMENT 3 -- CAP
Corrective Action Plan July 8, 2009
Former Pisgah Inn Gas Station; Haywood County, North Carolina Altamont Environmental, Inc.
5.0 PROPOSED CORRECTIVE ACTION
5.1 RECOMMENDED ALTERNATIVF
To address the identified aquifer contamination at the former Pisgah Inn Gas Station, Altamont
reconunends continued pumping of the free product in MW-I and in situ aerobic bioremediation. No
action is recommended for the soil, because the impacted soils are part of the groundwater smear zone
and under the water table (saturated) much of the year. The rationale for these recommended corrective
action alternatives is supported by the following statements:
• Currently, neither the impacted soil nor groundwater pose a risk of direct exposure to potential
human receptors (guests, visitors, and employees of the Pisgah Inn and adjacent campground).
This is based on the uppermost zone of impacted soil being approximately 29 feet bgs and the
drinking water wells that supply potable water to the Pisgah Inn showing no contamination.
• The source of the impacted groundwater is being reduced by the free product removal.
• The volume of impacted groundwater is too small to warrant a highly invasive and capital -
intensive remedial action. Also the site is used by a high volume of recreators who visit the area
near MW-1 (the campground gift store) for a short period of time (up to one hour). The visitors
are attracted to Pisgah Inn and the surroundings because of the aesthetic quality of the area.
Therefore, installation of aboveground treatment structures (for example, for air sparging and
SVE) should be avoided if possible.
• Three monitoring wells (MW-04 through MW-06) are strategically located downgradient of the
zone of impacted soil and groundwater and upgradient of the drinking water wells. Therefore,
they may be used as sentry monitoring wells to indicate whether contamination in the
groundwater is migrating toward the drinking water wells. If contamination is identified, then a
point source treatment system can be installed and the water quality rigorously monitored to
attain drinking water standards.
The following provides a description of the free product removal and in situ aerobic bioremediation for
the impacted aquifer.
5.2 FREE PRODUCT REMOVAL
On August 27, 2008, a pneumatic recovery system was installed in MW-Ito remove free product from the
monitoring well. This system operated throughout the fall of 2008, was shut down in late fall 2008, and
resumed operating in middle June, 2009. It continues to operate and is scheduled to operate until late
November, 2009 when it will be shut down for the winter, then resume operation in the warmer weather.
P:'Blue Ridge Parkway\Mt Pisgah Inn\Reports\CAP\Report Contents\CAP.doc 14

ATTACHMENT 3 -- CAP
Corrective Action Plan July 8, 2009
Former Pisgah Inn Gas Station; Haywood County, North Carolina Altamont Environmental, Inc.
The system includes a submersible pump, a solar -powered controller, a 55-gallon storage drum with an
overflow -prevention float switch, a secondary -containment platform, and a compressed -gas canister with
a regulator. The recovery system is designed to operate on an intermittent basis. The pump runs for
several minutes and pulls the water level down approximately two feet. The pump then remains off for
several hours while the water level in the well recovers toward its static level. During these idle periods
(periods during which the pump is not operating) free product coalesces in the well. When the pump
operates, a mixture of free product and groundwater is removed from the well and stored in the drum for
periodic removal and disposal. As of June 18, 2009, approximately 18 gallons of free product and water
had been removed from the monitoring well. Altamont is visiting the site on a weekly basis to monitor
the system, document how much free product and water have been removed from the well, and to
properly dispose of the material as needed.
f„�,.,W§«*�sr�,e*-.w,..sw,..c�.,a�r�t,,.:�„„x,+��+,-..�.....:,...r,.c.�.,.x.�..,.,: w,•r :.,,w �+u .y.-.���.;,�, ;•..
5.3 IN SITU AEROBIC BIOREMEDIATION
The corrective action alternative to address the petroleum -impacted zone of the aquifer, anticipated to be
a 25-square-foot area immediately downgradient of MW-1 and to be approximately 13 feet thick, is in
situ aerobic bioremediation. This bioremediation will be accomplished with an aerobic biostimulant (for
example, StimuloxTM manufactured by Carus Chemical Corporation, EHC-00 by Adventus, or
equivalent) designed to affect petroleum -related constituents within the impacted aquifer. The additive
should significantly stimulate the catabolic activity of the indigenous microflora, thereby accelerating the
rate of contaminant removal. The additive will be delivered to the site as a dry powder in drums or 5-
gallon pails and mixed with water to create a slurry. The additive and water slurry will be created by
mixing the additive with an appropriate amount of water, and injecting the slurry into the subsurface
through direct -push technology (DPT) rods, such as GeoProbeTM rods.
Given treatment dimensions of 25 feet by 25 feet by 13 feet thick, the estimated treatment volume is
8,125 cubic feet. Altamont requested a proposal and specifications from Adventus, a remediation
technology company, for the injection of EHC-Oa', one of their accelerated aerobic bioremediation
technology additives designed to address petroleum -impacted groundwater. These specifications,
summarized below, are based on applicable analytical and hydrogeological data pertaining to the site. No
pilot or bench scale test has been accomplished at the site, and Altamont feels one is not warranted
PABlue Ridge Parkway\Mt Pisgah Inn\Reports\CAP\Report Contents\CAP.doc 15

ATTACHMENT 3 -- CAP
Corrective Action Plan July 8, 2009
Former Pisgah Inn Gas Station; Haywood County, North Carolina Altamont Environmental, Inc.
because of the small volume of the impacted aquifer. The following specifications were provided by
Adventus:
• EHC-O* application rate (concentration in slurry) is 20%
• Total mass of EHC-000 required is 1,500 pounds (Ibs)
• Total volume of water required is 710 gallons
• Approximate volume of slurry to inject is 890 gallons
Ptictt► tmp�etniing t�fvlwtng iujectit groccctts, n>(k ill be
:.
performed at the site. This sampling event will mimic the post -implementation groundwater monitoring
events, described below. The slurry will be pressure -injected into ten injection points spaced
approximately eight feet apart. The approximate locations of these injection points are shown on Figure
6. Approximately 150 pounds (Ibs) of EHC-00 and 90 gallons of slurry will be injected at each injection
point. The injection points will be the stainless steel rods with an expendable point of an appropriate DPT
rig. The bottom of the rods will be in the upper part of the impacted groundwater zone, approximately 12
feet bgs. If excessive back pressure builds up during injection, then the slurry mixture will be thinned to
decrease the viscosity of the slurry. This will increase the volume of slurry injected into the subsurface.
Upon completion of the slurry injection and withdrawal of the DPT rods, the borehole will be abandoned
as appropriate, for instance using a bentonite hole plug. Cement grout should be avoided because it is
possible that it would be displaced by subsequent injection of the slurry at nearby points.
We anticipate one injection event. The groundwater quality will then be monitored to evaluate the
effectiveness of the corrective alternative and to monitor natural attenuation processes. Groundwater
samples will be collected from four monitoring wells, MW-1, MW-04, MW-05, and MW-06
approximately x ' " ' ' and quarterly thereafter for the first year. •t "
Each groundwater sample will be submitted to an
analytical laboratory certified in the State of North Carolina for analyses of volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) using US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Method 8260, Massachusetts Department of
Environmental Protection (MADEP) volatile petroleum hydrocarbons (VPH), and MADEP extractable
petroleum hydrocarbons (EPH). Additionally, each of the monitoring well samples will be analyzed for
the following parameters to evaluate the occurrence and mechanisms of natural attenuation of the
PABIue Ridge Parkway\Mt Pisgah Inn\Reports\CAP\Report Contents\CAP.doc 16

Corrective Action Plan
Former Pisgah Inn Gas Station; Haywood County, North Carolina
petroleum compounds:
• Nitrate, nitrite, and nitrogen using EPA Methods 351.2 and 353.2
• Total dissolved iron using EPA Method 6010
• Sulfate using EPA Method 375.4
• Methane, ethane, and ethene using RSKerr
• Carbon dioxide using AM20G8X
• Chloride using SM 4500 CIE
• My nganese using EPA Method 3010/200
In addition the following parameters will be measured in the field:
• Dissolved oxygen
• Ferrous iron
• Oxidation reduction potential (ORP)
• Alkalinity
• pH
• Temperature
• Turbidity
• Specific conductivity
ATTACHMENT 3 -- CAP
July 8, 2009
Altamont Environmental, Inc.
All field measurements will be based on proper calibrations of the instruments, as required by their
manufacturers.
'Quarterly reports summarizingAe results of the groundwater monitoring will be submitted to the DENR
for the first year. Semiannually reports will be submitted thereafter. This report will include tables
summarizing the laboratory results as well the laboratory reports themselves. The initial report will
include a detailed description of the in situ aerobic bioremediation injection process. All subsequent
monitoring reports will include an evaluation on the injection effectiveness, including any insight on
natural attenuation processes that may be occurring in the groundwater.
PABlue Ridge Parkway\Mt Pisgah Inn\Reports\CAP\Report Contents\CAP.doc 17

REDOX TECH, LLC .
"Providing Innovative In Situ Soil and Groundwater Treatment"
April 29, 2010
Via email
Judd Mahan, P.G..
Mountain Environmental Group
1560 Pisgah Drive
Canton, NC 28716
828-648-5556-
[e-mail]
The July 2009 CAP suggested the injectant
EHC-O by Adventus or a comparable product.
This proposal details the specificaitons for the
comparable product OBC by Redox Tech.
RE: Former Pisgah Inn Gas Station Mile Post 408 Blue Ridge Parkway, Haywood County,
North Carolina
Dear Judd Mahan:
Redox Tech is pleased to provide the following cost estimate to provide OBC® to help
remediate the petroleum contaminated site in Haywood County, North Carolina. We
propose using injections of our OB& product in the contaminated area.
The mixture in Oxygen BioChemo (OBC) supports a two -fold mechanism for destroying
the contaminants of concern, delivering one of the strongest chemical oxidants for short
term ISCO (sulfate radicals from catalyzed persulfate), as well as delivering electron
acceptors (oxygen and sulfate) for longer -term biological oxidation. OBC employs a
mixture of calcium peroxide and sodium persulfate that provides significantly more
oxygen per pound than other calcium peroxide based products. OBC is also generally less
expensive than these products. OBC provides three modes of oxidation. The first is
aggressive chemical oxidation from activated persulfate and calcium peroxide, the second
is enhanced aerobic biodegradation from the long term oxygen release of calcium
peroxide, and the third is anaerobic biological oxidation as sulfate is used as an electron
acceptor. These three modes of oxidation provide a powerful and persistent treatment of
contaminated soil and groundwater. Information on OBC can be found on our website
www.redox-tech.com.
We assumed that the treatment area is approximately 625 square feet and 13 feet thick. We
assumed that injections of OBC would be performed through Geoprobe rods at multiple
depths. We assumed a total of approximately 760 gallons of OBC solution (1500 lbs of
OBC or approximately 2 lbs OBC per gallon) will be injected in a total of 8 Geoprobe
injection locations.
To develop our costs we assumed that the total oxidant demand (TOD) of the soil at the
site was approximately 2 g/kg. Total oxidant demand testing on soil samples will provide a
better estimate of the TOD and is recommended to determine the mass of oxidant required.
Typical injections of OBC through Geoprobe rods are conducted at injection pressures
between 20 psi and 200 psi and at flow rates between 1 and 20 gpm. We assumed others
200 QUADE DRIVE, CARY, NC 27513 TEL [phone] FAX [phone]
WWW.REDOX-TECH.COM E-MAIL: [e-mail]

4/29/2010
Mountain Environmental Group Waynesville, NC
Page 2 of 2
would complete the injection and Redox Tech will supply 1500 lbs of OBC. The price for
OBC is $3 per pound plus shipping and tax. We assumed that delivery to your office in
Canton, NC will cost $200 and NC tax is 7.75%. The total cost for this proposal is $5,064.
The MSDS for OBC is attached.
Thank you for the opportunity to provide you with this estimate. We are looking forward
to hearing back from you. If you have any questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to
call me at 919-678-0140.
Regards,
Joe Rossabi, Ph.D., P.E.
Redox Tech, LLC

Providing Innovative Soil and Water Solutions
Oxygen BioChem (OBCym
Recent applications of in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) have shown that ISCO can be a
cost-effective remedial strategy for organic contaminants in groundwater and soil. The
application of ISCO to contaminated source areas usually results in an immediate benefit
to groundwater in the area. In addition, further contaminant flux can be reduced or
eliminated mitigating further contaminant plume issues. Redox Tech has recently
formulated a mixture of sodium persulfate and calcium peroxide that can be employed for
ISCO applications using FMC's patent -pending KlozurTm activation chemistry.
The mixture in OBC supports a two -fold mechanism for treating contaminants of concern.
OBC delivers one of the strongest chemical oxidants for short term ISCO, and also
provides electron acceptors (oxygen and sulfate) for longer -term biological oxidation.
Sodium persulfate has emerged recently as an important oxidant for in situ remediation of
volatile and semi -volatile organic compounds. Persulfate is the strongest oxidant within the
peroxygen family, with an electromotive force of 2.12 volts. As illustrated below, the
direct oxidation half -cell reaction for persulfate involves a two -electron transfer:
2 S2082- + 2 H++ 2e -> 2HSO4
However in most cases, rapid destruction of the contaminant of concern requires that the
persulfate be activated in order to generate sulfate radicals. Sulfate radicals are powerful
oxidizing agents, with an oxidation potential of 2.6 volts. Klozur activated persulfate is
catalyzed with the peroxide and base provide by the calcium peroxide
S2082-+ calcium peroxide activator -* 2SO4'
Activated persulfate can remain available in the subsurface for months providing an
unrivaled combination of power and stability.
The calcium peroxide provides several benefits. First, it imparts the alkalinity and
peroxide needed to activate the persulfate using FMC's Klozufrm activation chemistry.
Second, when mixed with water it provides a long-term slow release source of hydrogen
peroxide and calcium hydroxide.
CaO2 + 2 H2O 4 Ca(OH)2 + H2O2
The hydrogen peroxide that is slowly formed decomposes to oxygen and water, providing
an extended oxygen source for subsequent bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons.
The resultant calcium hydroxide (hydrated lime) that is produced serves several purposes.
First of all, it increases the total dissolved ion concentration, which makes the solution less
likely to leach metals from the soil into the groundwater. Secondly, the calcium from the
200 QUADE DRIVE, CARY NC 27513 TEL [phone] FAX [phone]
WWW.REDOX-TECH.COM E-MAIL: [e-mail]

Providing Innovative Soil and Water Solutions
hydrated lime will precipitate the sulfate that is produced during the consumption of the
persulfate. The calcium sulfate (gypsum) precipitation helps to reduce sulfate groundwater
concentrations, which may impact the secondary drinking water standard of 250 ppm.
The mixture in OBC® provides chemical oxidation as well as electron acceptors (oxygen
and sulfate) for longer term biological oxidation. The predominant short-term reaction is
chemical oxidation, while the longer -term remediation process is biological oxidation.
OBC® has the advantages over more traditional oxygen compounds used for
bioremediation in that is works on a broader range of contaminants.
Table 1. Contaminants Treated by Oxygen BioChem (OBC)®
CONTAMNANTS TREATED
BTEX
1,4-dioxane
MTBE
PCBs
PAHs
Pentachloro henol
Chlorinated Alkenes
Chlorinated Alkanes
Table 2 summarizes the advantages of OBCO over other oxygenating compounds. OBC®
works on a wider range of contaminants than other oxygenates because provides chemical
oxidation and electron acceptors for bioremediation. The amount of oxygen in OBC®
assumes that all of the oxygen in the sulfate is consumed through sulfate reduction
processes.
Table 2. Advantages of Oxygen BioChem (OBC)®
Oxygen BioChem (OBC)*
COMPETITORS
Greater oxygen — as much as 46 wt %
Typically 10 to 20 wt %
Both chemical oxidation and bioremediation
Predominantly bioremediation
Greater solubility — typically 40 wt % for
the persulfate portion
Typically less than 5% soluble
Better value - $3.25 per pound
Typically $4 to $10 per pound
CONTACT:
John Haselow, PhD, PE
Redox Tech, LLC
200 Quade Drive
Cary, NC 27513
Phone: [phone]
www.redox-tech.com
Redox Tech LLC

Attachment E
.10toUNTAIN
Environmental Group
environmental consulting • assessment • remediation • waste management
Former Pisgah Inn Gas Station
Injection Procedure — Oxygen BioChem (OBC®)
• As noted in the UIC application form, a release of gasoline from underground storage
tanks has impacted soil and groundwater at this location. A Corrective Action Plan (CAP)
dated July 8, 2009 was prepared on behalf of the Blue Ridge Parkway by Altamont
Environmental. The CAP was subsequently approved by the NCDENR — UST Section.
• The July 2009 CAP included specifications for the injectant EHC-O® or comparable
product. Mountain Environmental as the current contractor for the Blue Ridge Parkway
has selected the comparable product OBC® manufactured by Redox Tech, LLC for
remediation at this site. Both products are on the list of NCDENR-approved remediation
additives.
• Injection is currently scheduled for June 1&2, or as soon thereafter as possible based on
UIC permit approval.
• OBC®will be delivered to the site in powder form in 30-gallon drums. Mixing with water
will take place on site in a 250-gallon polyethylene tank. Approximately 2 lbs of OBC will
be mixed per gallon of water.
• Eight to ten injection points will be utilized. A direct -push unit will be used to advance
probe rods to the required depth of 32 feet below ground surface. Injection will take
place through the direct -push rods.
• Slurry will be pumped from the poly tank with a Yamada diaphragm pump powered by a
Honda air compressor. Injection pressure will be controlled by a pressure regulator on
the air compressor. Injection pressure will be monitored by a pressure gauge on the
injection tether mounted between the diaphragm pump and the top of the direct -push
tool string. If excessive back pressure builds up during injection, then the slurry mixture
will be thinned to decrease the viscosity of the slurry. This would increase the volume of
slurry injected into the subsurface.
• Approximately 760 gallons of slurry is planned to be injected over 8 to 10 injection
points. The proposed injection points are shown on the attached Figure 8 from the July
2009 CAP.
• Upon completion of the slurry injection and withdrawal of the direct -push rods, the
boreholes will be abandoned using bentonite.
1560 Pisgah Drive PHONE: [phone]
Canton, NC 28716 [phone]
FAX [phone]
www.mountainenvironmental.com

OUNTAIN
Environmental Group
Attachment F
environmental consulting • assessment • remediation • waste management
Monitoring Plan
Groundwater will be monitored before injection in the form of a baseline monitoring well
sampling event using four nearby monitoring wells (MW-1, MW-4, MW-5, and MW-6).
These wells are shown on the attached Figure 8. Baseline, as well as post -injection
monitoring (one week after the injection event and thereafter for one year at quarterly
intervals) will include analysis of VOCs, VPH and EPH.
Additionally, each monitoring well sample will be analyzed for the following parameters
to evaluate the occurrence and mechanisms of natural attenuation of the petroleum
compounds;
o Nitrate, nitrite, and nitrogen using EPA Methods 351.2 and 353.2
o Total dissolved iron using EPA Method 6010
o Sulfate using EPA Method 375.4
o Methane, ethane, and ethane using RSKerr
o Carbon dioxide using AM20G8X
o Chloride using SM 4500 CIE
o Manganese using EPA Method 3010/200
In addition the following parameters will be measured in the field:
o Dissolved oxygen
o Ferrous iron
o Oxidation reduction potential (ORP)
o Alkalinity
o pH
o Temperature
o Turbidity
o Specific conductivity
Quarterly reports summarizing the results of the groundwater monitoring will be
submitted to DENR for the first year after injection. Semiannual reports will be submitted
thereafter.
1560 Pisgah Drive
Canton, NC 28716
www.mountainenvironmental.com
PHONE: [phone]
[phone]
FAX.• [phone]

Attachment G - Well Data I ATTACHMENT 4 - CSA
Table 2
Well Construction Summary
Former Pisgah Inn Gas Station
Mile Post 408 Blue Ridge Parkway
Haywood County, North Carolina
Well
Total Well
TOC
Top of
Date
Well
Screened
Screen
Well ID
Diameter
Depth
Elevation
Installed
Material
Interval
Elevation
(inches)
(ft-bgs)
(ft-MSL)
(ft-MSL)
MW-I
04/06/04
2 _
PVC
_ 40.50
Soil
4925.23
4_895.23
MW-2
06/23/04
2
PVC
_
22.50
Bedrock
4926.39
4913.39
MW-3
06/22/04
2
PVC
39.95
Soil
4928.59
4898.59
MW-4
06/23/04
_
2
PVC
24.08
Soil
Bedrock
4893.60
_
4878.60
MW-5
06/23/04
2
PVC
28.26
4904.97
4887.47
MW-6
06/24/04
2
PVC
33.22
Bedrock
4889.17
4866.17
DW-1
1979
1 09/15/61
6
NA
400.00
Bedrock
NA
NA
NA
DW-2
6
NA
100.00
Bedrock
NA
Notes:
1. TOC - Top of Casing
2. ft-bgs - feet below ground surface
3. ft-MSL - feet above Mean Sea Level
4. NA indicates that the information was Not Available or is Not Applicable.
5. Surface and TOC elevations obtained from well construction logs, well surveys, and summary tables
from prior site assessment reports.
6. All wells are considered flushmount unless noted otherwise.
P:\Rlue Ridge Parkway\Mt Pisgah Inn\Reports\CSA\Analy-tical\tbl-CSA data tables Page I of I

C - Injection Fluid Composition an6
fly well data included after the OBC d
Oxygen BioChem (OBC)m
Recent applications of in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) have shown that ISCO can be a
cost-effective remedial strategy for organic contaminants in groundwater and soil. The
application of ISCO to contaminated source areas usually results in an immediate benefit
to groundwater in the area. In addition, further contaminant flux can be reduced or
eliminated mitigating further contaminant plume issues. Redox Tech has recently
formulated a mixture of -sod um.persulfate-andmlcitfmpttU)dde-hat,can-bee eemployed for
ISCO applications using FMC's patent -pending Iflozufm activation h istry.
The mixture in OBC supports a two -fold mechanism for treating contaminants of concern.
OBC delivers one of the strongest chemical oxidants for short term ISCO, and also
provides electron acceptors (oxygen and sulfate) for longer -term biological oxidation.
Sodium persulfate has emerged recently as an important oxidant for in situ remediation of
volatile and semi -volatile organic compounds. Persulfate is the strongest oxidant within the
peroxygen family, with an electromotive force of 2.12 volts. As illustrated below, the
direct oxidation half -cell reaction for persulfaw involves a two -electron transfer:
2 %0. + 2 W +2e --3 2HS0j
However in most cases, rapid destruction of the contaminant of concern requires that the
persulfate be activated in order to generate sulfate radicals. Sulfate radicals are powerful
oxidizing agents, with an oxidation potential of 2.6 volts. Klozur activated persulfate is
catalyzed with the peroxide and base provide by the calcium peroxide
S20a + calcium peroxide activator —* 2SO4'
Activated persulfate can remain available in the subsurface for months providing an
unrivaled combination of power and stability.
The calcium peroxide provides several benefits. First, it imparts the alkalinity and
peroxide needed to activate the persulfate using FMC's Klozufm activation chemistry.
Second, when mixed with water it provides a long-term slow release source of hydrogen
peroxide and calcium hydroxide.
Ca% + 2 HZO 4 Ca(OH)z + H2O2
The hydrogen peroxide that is slowly formed decomposes to oxygen and water, providing
an extended oxygen source for subsequent bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons.
The resultant calcium hydroxide (hydrated lime) that is produced serves several purposes.
First of all, it increases the total dissolved ion concentration, which makes the solution less
likely to leach metals from the soil into the groundwater. Secondly, the calcium from the
200 QUADE DRtv1:, CARY NC 27513 TEL [phone] FAX [phone]
WWWYJMOX TECH.COM E MAIU HASELOW@REDOX TECH COM

Providing Innovative Soil and Water Solutions
hydrated lime will precipitate the sulfate that is produced during the consumption of the
persulfate. The calcium sulfate (gypsum) precipitation helps to reduce sulfate groundwater
concentrations, which may impact the secondary drinking water standard of 250 ppm.
The mixture in OBCO provides chemical oxidation as well as electron acceptors (oxygen
and sulfate) for longer term biological oxidation. The predominant short-term reaction is
chemical oxidation, while the longer -term remediation process is biological oxidation.
OBCO has the . advantages over more traditional oxygen compounds used for
bioremediation in that is works on a broader range of contaminants.
Table 1. Contaminants Treated by Oxygen BioChem (OBC)®
CONTAIVIMANTS TREATED
BTEX
1,4-dioxane
MTBE
PCBs
PAHs
Pentachloro henol
Chlorinated Alkenes
Chlorinated Alkanes
Table 2 summarizes the advantages of OBCO over other oxygenating compounds. OBCO
works on a wider range of contaminants than other oxygenates because provides chemical
oxidation and electron acceptors for bioremediation. The amount of oxygen in OBCO
assumes that all of the oxygen in the sulfate is consumed through sulfate reduction
processes.
Table 2. Advantages of Oxygen BioChem (OBC)O
Oxygen BioChem OBC ®
COMPETITORS
Greater oxygen — as much as 46 wt %
Typically 10 to 20 wt %
Both chemical oxidation and bioremediation
Predominantly bioremediation
Greater solubility — typically 40 wt % for
the persulfate portion
Typically less than 5% soluble
Better value - $3.25 per ound
t Typically $4 to $10 per pound
CONTACT:
John Haselow, PhD, PE
Redox Tech, LLC
200 Quade Drive
Cary, NC 27513
Phone: [phone]
www.redox-tech.com
Redox Tech, LLC

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET
Oxygen BioChem (OBQ@
MSDS Ref. No.: F18-44-8
o
Date Approved: 04/30/2006 FMCRevision No.: 2
This document has been prepared to meet the requirements of the U.S. OSHA Hazard Communication
Standard, 29 CFR 1910.1200; the Canada's Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS)
and, the EC Directive, 2001/58/EC.
1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION
PRODUCT NAME: Oxygen BioChem (OBC)®
GENERAL USE: For chemical oxidation and aerobic biorem6diation, petroleum
hydrocarbon remediation, creosote remediation and partially
halogenated hydrocarbon remediation.
MANUFACTURER
EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBERS
FMC CORPORATION
[phone] (Medical - U.S. - Call Collect)
FMC Peroxygens
1735 Market Street
For leak, fire, spill, or accident emergencies, call:
Philadelphia, PA 19103
[phone] (CHEMTREC - U.S.A. & Canada)
[phone] (General Information)
2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW:
• Odorless, off-white fine granular solid (may have separation or noticeable two-tone appearance).
• Oxidizer.
• Contact with combustibles may cause fire.
• Decomposes in storage under conditions of moisture (water/water vapor) and/or excessive heat causing
release of oxides of sulfur and oxygen that supports combustion. Decomposition could form a high
temperature melt. See Section 10 ("Stability and Reactivity").
• Deluge container with water at safe distance or in protected area.
• May be severely irritating to the eyes.
POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS: Airborne dust may be irritating to eyes, nose, lungs,
throat and skin upon contact. Exposure to high levels of dust may cause difficulty in breathing in sensitive
persons. No significant long term inhalation hazard; irritation usually subsides after exposure ceases.
Page 1 of 10

Oxygen BioChem (OBC)® (F18-44-8)
Date: 04/30/2006
3. COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
Chemical Name
CAS#
Wt.%
EC No.
EC Class
Proprietary Mixture
I
None
I Not classified
4. FIRST AID MEASURES
EYES: Immediately flush with water for at least 15 minutes, lifting the upper and lower eyelids
intermittently. See a medical doctor or ophthalmologist immediately.
SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water. Get medical attention if irritation occurs and persists.
INGESTION: Rinse mouth with water. Dilute by giving 1 or 2 glasses of water. Do not induce
vomiting. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. See a medical doctor immediately.
INHALATION: Remove to fresh air. If breathing difficulty or discomfort occurs and persists, obtain
medical attention.
NOTES TO MEDICAL DOCTOR: Modest irritation is the only expected effect. No
serious consequences are expected, except perhaps in the case of direct eye contact. Contaminated external
surfaces should be flooded with water, and direct eye contact deserves ophthalmologic evaluation. If
ingested, gastrointestinal irritation but not caustic burns are to be expected; dilution with water indicated as
may be gastric evacuation via emesis or lavage if large doses or severe irritation is evident. Demulcents
should be helpful. No systemic effects are expected though human toxicity data is sparse.
5. FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: Deluge with plenty of water.
FIRE / EXPLOSION HAZARDS: Product is non-combustible. Under fire conditions, may
decompose and release oxygen gas, which may intensify fire. Presence of water accelerates decomposition.
Mixtures with polysulfide polymers may ignite.
FIRE FIGHTING PROCEDURES: Use flooding quantities of water. Use water spray to
keep fire exposed containers cool. Do not use carbon dioxide or other gas filled fire extinguishers; they
will have no effect on decomposition. Wear full protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus.
Page 2 of 10

Oxygen BioChem (OBC)® (F18-44-8) Date: 04/30/2006
FLAMMABLE LIMITS: Non-combustible
SENSITIVITY TO IMPACT: Oxidizable materials can be ignited by grinding and may
become explosive.
SENSITIVITY TO STATIC DISCHARGE: Not available
6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
RELEASE NOTES: Confine and collect spill, put into an approved DOT container (do not return
to original container) and isolate for disposal. Isolated material should be monitored for signs of
decomposition (fuming / smoking). If spilled material is wet, dissolve with large quantities of water and
dispose as a hazardous waste. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard (do not flush powdered
material into sewer). Dispose of wastes according to the method outlined in Section 13, "Disposal
Considerations".
7. HANDLING AND STORAGE
HANDLING: Avoid contact by using personal protective equipment. Use respiratory protective
equipment when release of airborne dust is expected. If compounded with organics or combustible
materials be sure to exclude moisture. Use clean plastic or stainless steel scoops only.
STORAGE: Keep dry (reacts with moisture). Use first in, first out storage system. Store unopened in
a cool, clean, dry place away from point sources of heat (e.g, steam pipes, radiant heaters, hot air vents or
welding sparks). Keep container tightly closed when not in use. Avoid contamination of opened product.
Avoid contact with reducing agents. In case of fire or decmpositoin (fuming / smoking) deluge with plenty
of water to control decomposition. Fore storage, refer to NFPA Bulletin 430 on storage of liquid and solid
oxidizing materials.
COMMENTS: VENTILATION: Provide mechanical general and/or local exhaust ventilation to
prevent release of dust into work environment. Spills should be collected into suitable containers to prevent
dispersion into the air. If ventilation is inadequate or not available, use dust respirator and eye protection.
S. EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
EXPOSURE LIMITS
Chemical Name
ACGIH
OSHA
Supplier
Proprietary Ingredient
0.1 mg/m3 (TWA)
Page 3 of 10

i�
Oxygen BioChem (OBC)@ (F18-44-8)
Date: 04/30/2006
Chemical Name
ACGIH
OSHA
Supplier
Proprietary Ingredient
5 mg/m3 (TWA)
5 mg/m3 (TWA)
5 mg/m(TWA)
ENGINEERING CONTROLS: Provide mechanical local exhaust ventilation to prevent
release of dust into the work area. If release is expected use respiratory protection. Remove contaminated
clothing immediately and wash before reuse.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
EYES AND FACE: Use cup type chemical goggles. Full face shield may be used.
RESPIRATORY: Use approved dust respirator with full face piece.
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: Long sleeve shirt, impervious apron or clothing.
Rubber or neoprene footwear.
GLOVES: Rubber or neoprene gloves. Thoroughly wash the outside of gloves with soap and
water prior to removal. Inspect regularly for leaks.
9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
ODOR:
Odorless
APPEARANCE:
Off-white fine granular solid
AUTOIGNITION TEMPERATURE:
Non-combustible
BOILING POINT:
No data available
COEFFICIENT OF OIL / WATER:
Not available
DENSITY / WEIGHT PER VOLUME:
(Bulk) 60 lbs/ft3 (loose)
EVAPORATION RATE:
Not applicable (Butyl Acetate = 1)
FLASH POINT:
Not applicable
MELTING POINT:
Decomposes on heating (About 275°C)
OXIDIZING PROPERTIES:
Oxidizer
PERCENT VOLATILE:
Not applicable
PH:
11.3 - 12.1 @ 250C / 1 hour (1 - 40%, slurry, solution)
SOLUBILITY IN WATER:
18% (insoluble @ 25C); 73% (solubility @ 25°C)
SPECIFIC GRAVITY:
2.6 - 2.92
VAPOR DENSITY:
Not applicable (Air =1)
VAPOR PRESSURE:
Not applicable
Page 4 of 10

Oxygen BioChem (OBC)® (F18-44-8)
10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
CONDITIONS TO AVOID:
STABILITY:
POLYMERIZATION:
INCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS:
Date: 04/30/2006
Heat (decomposes at 275°C), moisture, reducing
agents. Grinding with organics.
Stable (decomposition could occur when exposed
to heat or moisture)
Will not occur
Grinding mixtures with organics (oxidizable
materials can be ignited by grinding and may
become explosive); heavy metals. Acids, alkalis,
halides (fluorides, chlorides, bromides and
iodides), combustible materials, most metals and
heavy metals, oxidizable materials, other oxidizers,
reducing agents, cleaners, and organic or carbon
containing compounds. Contact with incompatible
materials can result in a material decomposition or
other uncontrolled reactions.
HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS: Oxygen that supports combustion and oxides of
sulfur, nitrogen, and calcium hydroxide.
COMMENTS: PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENT: Use of persulfates in chemical reactions
requires appropriate precautions and design considerations for pressure and thermal relief.
Decomposing persulfates will evolve large volumes of gas and/or vapor, can accelerate exponentially with
heat generation, and create significant and hazardous pressures if contained and not properly controlled or
mitigated.
Use with alcohols in the presence of water has been demonstrated to generate conditions that require
rigorous adherence to process safety methods and standards to prevent escalation to an uncontrolled
reaction.
11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
EYE EFFECTS: No data available for the mixture.
Proprietary Component: Non -irritating (rabbit)
Proprietary Component: Severely irrtaitng (unwashed); Minimally irritating (washed)
SKIN EFFECTS: No data available for the mixture.
Expected to be non -irritating (rabbit)
DERMAL LD50: No data available for the mixture.
Proprietary Components: > 10 g/kg (rat)
ORAL LD50: No data available for the mixture.
Proprietary Component: 895 mg/kg (rat)
Proprietary Component: 5 g/kg (rat)
Page 5 of 10

j
Oxygen BioChem (OBC)® (F18-44-8) Date: 04/30/2006
INHALATION LC50: No data available for the mixture.
Proprietary Component: 5.1 mg/1(rat)
Proprietary Component: > 17 mg/l (1 h) (rat)
SENSITIZATION: No data available for the mixture.
Proprietary Component: (Skin) May be sensitizing to allergic persons. (guinea pig)
TARGET ORGANS: Eyes, skin, respiratory passages
ACUTE EFFECTS FROM OVEREXPOSURE: Modest irritation is the only expected
effect. No serious consequences are expected, except perhaps in the case of direct eye contact. Dust may be
harmful and irritating to the eyes, nose, throat and lungs. May be harmful if swallowed.
CHRONIC EFFECTS FROM OVEREXPOSURE: No data available for the
mixture. Sensitive persons may develop dermatitis and asthma. One of the proprietary components was fed
to groups of male,and female rats at 0, 300 and 3,000 ppm in the diet for 13 weeks, followed by 5,000 ppm
for 5 weeks. Microscopic examination of tissues revealed some injury to the gastrointestinal tract at the
highest dose (3,000 ppm) only. This effect is not unexpected for an oxidizer at high concentrations.
CARCINOGENICITY:
NTP:
Not listed
IARC:
Not listed
OSHA:
Not listed
OTHER:
ACGIH: Not listed
12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
ECOTOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION: No data available for the mixture.
Effect of low concentrations on aquatic life are unknown.
Proprietary Component
Bluegill sunfish, 96-hour LC50 = 771 mg/L [FMC Study I92-12501
Rainbow trout, 96-hour LC50 = 163 mg/L [FMC Study 192-1251]
Daphnia, 48-hour LC50 = 133 mg/L [FMC Study I92-1252]
Grass shrimp, 96-hour LC50 = 519 mg/L [FMC Study I92-12531
CHEMICAL FATE INFORMATION: As indicated by chemical properties oxygen is
released into the environment. Biodegradability does not apply to inorganic substances.
Page 6 of 10

Oxygen BioChem (OBC)® (1718-44-8)
Date: 04/30/2006
13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
DISPOSAL METHOD: Dissolve in water to allow the release of oxygen and dispose via a
treatment system in accordance with governmental agencies regulations. Contact appropriate regulatory
agency prior to disposal.
14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (DOT)
PROPER SHIPPING NAME:
PRIMARY HAZARD CLASS / DIVISION:
UN/NA NUMBER:
PACKING GROUP:
LABEL(S):
PLACARD(S):
MARKING(S):
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
Oxidizing solid, n.o.s. (sodium persulfate,
calcium peroxide)
5.1 (Oxidizer)
UN 1479
II
5.1 (Oxidizer)
5.1 (Oxidizer)
Oxidizing solid, n.o.s. (sodium persulfate,
calcium peroxide), UN1479
Hazardous Substance/RQ: Not applicable
49 STCC Number: 4918733
This material is shipped in 55 lb.
polyethylene pail with vented screw -on lid
(approx 6.5 gallon)
INTERNATIONAL MARITIME DANGEROUS GOODS (IMDG)
PROPER SHIPPING NAME:
Oxidizing solid, n.o.s. (sodium persulfate,
calcium peroxide)
INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION (ICAO) /
INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION (IATA)
PROPER SHIPPING NAME:
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
Page 7 of 10
Oxidizing solid, n.o.s. (sodium persulfate,
calcium peroxide)
Combination packaging is recommended
for air transport.

Oxygen BioChem (OBC)® (1718-44-8) Date: 04/30/2006
OTHER INFORMATION:
Place spilled product in suitable container and wash residue with plenty of water.
See Section 6 (Accidental Release Measures) above for additional instructions.
15. REGULATORY INFORMATION
UNITED STATES
SARA TITLE III (SUPERFUND AMENDMENTS AND REAUTHORIZATION ACT)
SECTION 311 HAZARD CATEGORIES (40 CFR 370):
Fire Hazard, Immediate (Acute) Health Hazard
SECTION 312 THRESHOLD PLANNING QUANTITY (40 CFR 370):
The Threshold Planning Quantity (TPQ) for this product, if treated as a mixture, is 10,000 lbs;
however, this product contains the following ingredients with a TPQ of less than 10,000 lbs.:
None
SECTION 313 REPORTABLE INGREDIENTS (40 CFR 372):
Not listed
CERCLA (COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSE COMPENSATION AND
LIABILITY ACT)
CERCLA DESIGNATION & REPORTABLE QUANTITIES (RQ) (40 CFR 302.4):
. Proprietary component: Unlisted, RQ = 100 lbs., Ignitability
TSCA (TOXIC SUBSTANCE CONTROL ACT)
TSCA INVENTORY STATUS (40 CFR 710):
Listed (components)
RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND RECOVERY ACT (RCRA)
RCRA IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDOUS WASTE (40 CFR 261):
Waste Number: D001
CANADA
WHMIS (WORKPLACE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INFORMATION SYSTEM):
Chemical Name: Proprietary Component
Product Identification Number: 1505
Hazard Classification / Division: Class C (Oxidizer), Class D, Div. 2, Subdiv. B. (Toxic)
Ingredient Disclosure List: Listed
Chemical Name: Proprietary Component
Product Identification Number: 1457
Hazard Classification / Division: Class D, Div 2, Subdiv. B, Class C (Oxidizer) .
Ingredient Disclosure List: Listed
Page 8 of 10

Oxygen BioChem (OBC)O (F18-44-8)
INTERNATIONAL LISTINGS
Proprietary Component
Australia (AILS): Listed
China: Listed
Japan (ENCS): (1)-1131
Korea: KE-12369
Philippines (PICCS): Listed
Proprietary Component
Australia (AICS): Listed
China: Listed
Japan (ENCS): (1)-181
Korea: KE-04518
Philippines (PICCS): Listed
Proprietary Component
Australia (AICS): Listed
China: Listed
Japan (ENCS): (1)-190
Korea: KE-04597
Philippines (PICCS): Listed
Date: 04/30/2006
HAZARD, RISK AND SAFETY PHRASE DESCRIPTIONS:
EC Symbols: (Not classified as hazardous)
EC Risk Phrases: (Not classified as hazardous)
EC Safety Phrases: (Not classified as hazardous)
16.OTHER INFORMATION
HMIS
Health
2
Flammability
0
Physical Hazard
1
Personal Protection (PPE)
J
Protection = J (Safety goggles, gloves, apron & combination dust & vapor respirator)
HMIS = Hazardous Materials Identification System
Degree of Hazard Code:
4 = Severe
3 = Serious
Page 9 of 10

Oxygen BioChem (OBC)® (F18-44-8)
2 = Moderate
1 = Slight
0 = Minimal
NFPA
Health
2
Flammability
0
Reactivity
1
Special
OX
SPECIAL = OX (Oxidizer)
NFPA = National Fire Protection Association
Degree of Hazard Code:
4 = Extreme
3 = High
2 = Moderate
1 = Slight
0 = Insignificant
REVISION SUMMARY:
This MSDS replaces Revision #1, dated December 12, 2005.
Changes in information are as follows:
Section 1 (Product and Company Identification)
Section 16 (Other Information)
FMC Logo - FMC Corporation Trademark
Oxygen BioChem (OBC) - Trademark of Redox Tech, LLC
© 2006 FMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
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Page 10 of 10

Attachment H - Maps
ATTACHMENT 4 - GSA
vI
,ct�pif M1 k „r t r
,Al
,a. I
JIO LocationIF
r1
l t
F _ �
r lk
N.
- Fi. •fit,' � t `.> a i •t- �'�
J' rr:�.�_�- _ � _may. .t` 1• .�•` �_tir�t�/'`_ • tey {
r pIr
VJ �
Yj
V
7.
USGS Topo Map: Cruso Quadrangie � ` 1 i�
Created: 1941 Revised:1987 6" �`; - 'mot ,,, •'-'r-;r z �"°—
USGS Topo Map: Dunsmore Mt Quadrangle �•-A �1S �g� e_
Created:1967 t
° F f J
SITE LOCATION MAP FIGURE
,(I COLLEGE STREET, ASFffVRiF. NC 24801
Td. MIA 0 F. 321. 2S 1. 1111 FORMER PISGAH INN GAS STATION
MILE POST 408 BLUE RIDGE PARKWAY
HAYWOOD COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
DRAWN BY: EVAN YURKOVICH SCALE ' I
PROJECT MANAGER: CHRIS GILEERT 0 ooa 2000
CLIENT: NATIONAL PARK SERY ICE Feel
DATE: 6/9/08 P�1BIue RKIge ParkwayM Pisgah Inn\FigureslFigure 1 - Ste Location

SOURCE•
1. UNDATED CAD DRAWING
PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL
PARK SERVICE.
MW6
GRASS
MW-
CAMPGROUND
M W-4
® �L
W
j
m
MW-5
®/
GIFT SHOP
N 0 el H V O R P cc O L O O Y
231 HAYW00D 0T009T. A{H[VILL{. INC 10001
T[L.0E0. 701.l 3'50 T A C.020. 201,330I
WW W.IILT�NOMT[NVI[[YN[Nf •L.CON
DRAWN BY; ANNA SAYLOR SCALE (FEET)
PROJECT MANAGER: CHRIS G!LB[RT
CLIENT: NPS 3o 0 30
DATE: 06/29/2009
GRASS PISGAH INN
FACILITIES
CIO
G
0
W
O
O
LOCATION OF p�p�
FORMER USTs
QD
LEGEND
MW-1
® MONITORING WELL
SITE MAP FIGURE
FORMER PISGAH INN GAS STATION
MILE POST 408 BLUE RIDGE PARKWAY 2
HAYWOOD, NORTH CAROLINA
60
O FILE PATH; P;\6LI1C RIDGE PARKWAY\MT PISGAH INN\FIGURCS\ FIGURES'? a 3.GWG

Site Location N
t-;TI ry y'#" tr gbrfi3 J$i``' cf it y}�({..a . 5 Zi.
T t j/s�62 "WmN
ot`�`.; tt x�li C7 t -dpe a- . 'j•
w��n ° '� y�._ !'� "' � Y Tie �F�t sty ♦ y� �t.F ,,�•'r. •
f s ,. '�
•• r r , _-• � ~ � c'����a� � � `:t $ � TI'.�'` � � �� l t.�t- t �'i�i� a _ e �, 9� .: �.r�g
.E s'' rt•�A 5 }C:' ,rf «4•.� yr++S ..'.�i.=}:i� t '� xi r.}, art j .3'
Ti �': 3 '`` y 5 g}*
".:f � t-1��3,�, , =y� i � � +rx .�.�'sr�'ti7> if� �Sf�',f _!'�. f �•� L:� �� �xt�r5� ..^'.c ys�� r;_r� �y,7v ll{t-y. .� ..!
S''f,�ta' ,r d,►' : t ice' E 1�f:2r?� sN S. ra'„ {-� f'.p� cSS �' Y'{M ��2�a"")�rRF r�v�y� �'F
JA ,,�.4' Legend
•� rt +.T Sw r2t� C !''' �' k"-t�jF,ifk` y�',� t ,,.dY o•Y.� - p. —
-fY „ 1• r .r�uti�il�;•�{r -���� k
RoadsYsq•� ,�#�, i h .;.�r_ {'
T r.:. r _ _ .. -S.• • . ^c `Jcs s y.t =%fir,.- M � � '^ y 't+•,f ' 1 'i' h�-•F ".i �,rt.rt Dornestic Wells
.,: :.: - C ,}r- �j�+�rl�. k i�. �: • �i�r �` • • - Haywood diol
ORTHOPHOTOGRAPHY AUG 18, ZOOC}"s.vi arr �j HY' ! *• .�' A,,%_ fr ,F - Y'�y HY �1
�f `�1 ." P 35,f i•Yar '' ."'Tf ' (� Appmdmate Extent of N WI
NC ONE MAP ,' ,t
� 'i�ay. �C� .,s • g,� t Q I500-foot Receptor Radius
NATIONAL WETLANDS INVENTORY .y'Y :i'}},t�..a�msr�,);'r�5 3>y.'�k:"FF'-r'a" CorntyBoundary
RECEPTOR MAP FIGURE
' N I N I H l' G Y
SO COL FGE 5 MEET, ASHEVILLE, NC 289i11
Td. in281. 33% Fa. 929 2313351 FORMER PISGAH INN GAS STATION
MILE POST 408 BLUE RIDGE PARKWAY
HAYWOOD COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA 3
DRA'VYN BY: EYAN YuwoviCH SCALE
PROJECT MANAGER: CHRIS GILBERT CLIENT: NPS p 500 1,000
DATE: 07i 0212009 Feet PABlue Ridge ParkwayWt Pisgah Inn\Figures\VMl Receptor Map.mxd

0
NOTE:
WATER TABLE ELEVATIONS WERE
MEASURED ON AUGUST 12, 2008
LEGEND
® MONITORING WELL
© CSA SOIL BORING
A —A' CROSS SECTION LOCATIONS
4870 POTENTIOMETRIC SURFACE
CONTOURS (5-FOOT INTERV,
ImMW--5
231 HAYWOOD OTAL[T, AlNCVILL[, NC 20001
TCL,e 2e, 2111,aaso r,c.n7n,xAl.aael
W W W, AI.TAMOMTRNVIIION M. NTAL.COM
u
POTENTIOMETRIC
SURFACE MAP
AUGUST 2008
FIGURE
FORMER PISGAH INN GAS STATION
DRAWN BY: ANNA SAYLOR SCALE (FEET) MILE POST 408 BLUE RIDGE PARKWAY
PROJECT MANAGER; CHRIS GILQERT CLIENT: NPS so 0 30 so HAYWOOD COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
DATE: 06/29/2009 PABL s7 PON P.wWAY\Mr Null, !WTIGMNINFIGURE 4fDTFNTIaDTRID SWIACI HAP^AtM 4T I. 1009,DWd

I
®M -6
(4, 873. 637)
OMW--4
(4, 883. 6,
NOTE:
WATER TABLE ELEVATIONS WERE
MEASURED ON JANUARY 8, 2009
LEGEND
® MONITORING WELL
Qa CSA SOIL BORING
MW-O
(4,883.37)
221 MAYW000 OTMT, AANCVILLA, NC 20001
T CL.020. 241,3360 PAC: 024,281.3301
W W W..6TA PONT Aw RIR�M•�NIAL.��M
CROSS SECTION LOCATIONS
DRAWN BY: ANNA SAYL.OR SCALE (FEET)
4910- POTENTIOMETRIC SURFACE PROJECT MANAGER: CHRIS GILBERT
CONTOURS (5-FOOT INTERVALS) CLIENT: NPS 30 0 30 60
DATE: 06/29/2009
V2
,917.72)
POTENTIOMETRIC
SURFACE MAP
JANUARY 2009
FORMER PISGAH INN GAS STATION
MILE POST 408 BLUE RIDGE PARKWAY
HAYWOOD COUNTY, NORTH CAROL.INA
FIGURE
ti'
�
P\RrrM Rrorw PAPnW pv\Hi PleOpw IN.i\P r61n1lp\f pJtP yM�PMT1or�n1K SUP/pC! M�P•.IpPUaRV p. 1pp9. wrrt

WEST
A
4930
4920
J
W
W
-' 4910
a
W
w
z
a
W
E
W
0
a 4900
W
W
eL
z
0
F
Q
J 4890
W
4880
4870
BEDROCK NEAR MW-01,
IN GROUNDWATER AND
SMEAR ZONE
EAST
Al
49301
49201
4910 1
49001
48901
4880 1
4870 1
LEGEND
ICONCEPTUAL
SITE MODEL
FIGURE
•PIP.M106 VAU
•��. It"Al vLEom.Lj Tm NOTES_
�LUSOL ft-AIM 01020 j
I L sm mcw Sirs So"
idiT UPPER! 9. = VA-m LEWL ELMTmw Z SIN ow Ims � � SAME
Ci07L73t1913 3.. it EsE.anls Rss LIDCLTme +1E Awleo®.aE
Sx SMgll Lq,,m 4 M bcomms So Caw;. wTs *am-, D
z Ls, 20 Am f4mom. '�
SOL SOVU LWATM
j �"�L� $' a�a
1
CROSS SECTION A -A
FORMER PISGAH INN GAS STATION
MILE POST 408 SLUE RIDGE PARKWAY
HAYWOOD COUNTY. NORTH CAROLINA
6
EOGIMEE111MG Q HTONOGEOLOGT
231 MET1t00* STREET. AENETILLE. NC 29901
TEL..[phone] F&C_028_261.3351
DRAWN BY- AMA SAY"*
�1to.>ECT � CHM GLOERT
CLIENT. �
DATE: 06/7912M
SCALE FACTOR
V. 1 1(= 10 FT H- 1 la = 20 FT
i V.
BY
ICWIAPV
P:t9 m ROO J'E"wAy%w P IG:#E 6-cm SECT A-t ,Vft

58.6
SMW 1 14ac" to M41G 1
Soil SOMA& Collactod 7"31d'008
Depth to Sample 29.31 Mal Iva
Concontranon
MSCC
Contaminant
(MgAg)
(m9A0)
n•Butylhenzene
14.2
4.3
(Tthylhenzone
25,8
4.6
Naphthalene
207
0.68
mPropyloanzona
22.1
1.7
Toluene
17.4
T3
f,2,4•Tdme1hylhenzona
144
7.5
Total Xylonos
138
5
C5-CSAliphatics
670
72
CO-C10Allphatics
320
34
SD-+
O
sn-+
so-3 O O
b�
50.8 O
S84
NOTES:
CSA SOIL BORINGS SP-1 AND SP-4 WERE ORIGINALLY
ADVANCED DURING THE LSA. CSA SOIL BORING TP-12
WAS ORIGINALLY ADVANCED DURING UST CLOSURE,
DURING THE CSA, CONSTITUENTS WERE ONLY DETECTED
IN SMW-I, THEREFORE, NO DATA IS POSTED AT OTHER
CSA BORINGS.
LEGEND
® MONITORING WELL
LSA SOIL BORING
UST CLOSURE SAMPLES
�i CSA SOIL BORING
,W4 O
MW- ITr.,1
SW3Q �.
231 MAYWOOD STAaaT, Ae HAVILI,a, NC 28801
Ta L.a2a.201.3350 rAe.820,281.3331
WWW.ALTAMOMTENVIN OMM.M 1A64eM
DRAWN BY: ANNA SAYLOR
PROJECT MANAGER: CHRIS GILBERT SCALE (FEET)
CLIENT: NPS 10 0 10
DATE: 06/29/2009 T'®
PL-3
Pl-2
PI-f
SOIL AND GROUNDWATER
SAMPLING LOCATIONS
AND POSTED DATA FROM CSA
FORMER PISGAH INN GAS STATION
MILE POST 408 BLUE RIDGE PARKWAY
20 HAYWOOD COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
P'\A'_Ur RJOGr PARK'NAYIMT P16GAH WNWIQ'RMFIGUtE 7-CSA 6AMRL6: LQ..6.aWG
MW-2
FIGURE
7

MW-6
1
LEGEND
®
MONITORING WELL
®
CSA SOIL BORING
ESTIMATED EXTENT OF
— r
AQUIFER CONTAMINATION
•
APPROXIMATE LOCATION OF
RECOMMENDED IS -SITU
AEROBIC SIOREMEDIATION
INJECTION POINT
Free
Product
SB-1
SB-3
SB-2
w. O
ii
SB-8 • `,
_....... EpI .__._._-p
N N[[ N I N O 8 H V p N p O[ O I. O Y
291 MAYWOOD fly RCeT, AAHIVILL[, NC a[N01
Y[L.[a[.zoi.93eo rAc.B2[a[1.9961
W WW.A�TAMONT[NVIOONM[NTA�.00M
DRAWN BY: ANNA SAYLOR SCALE (FEET)
PROJECT MANAGER: CHRIS GILBERT
CLIENT: NPS 25 0 25
DATE: 06/29/2009
N--2
ESTIMATED HORIZONTAL
EXTENT OF AQUIFER
CONTAMINATION
FORMER PISGAH INN GAS STATION
MILE POST 408 BLUE RIDGE PARKWAY
HAYWOOD COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
sa
' P'\BLU= rI E PARKWAY\11T R95AM INIIYI PR\flf )RE A-4—PrR CMT—ATIM-YWH
FIGURE
r;�

Rogers, Michael
From: Judd [e-mail]]
Sent: Friday, September 17, 2010 10:55 AM
To: Rogers, Michael
Subject: Pisgah Inn UIC permit -
Michael,
On page 4 of the UIC permit application the screened interval / injection interval should be 30 to 40 feet bgs. This should
allow for the treatment of a zone approximately 12 to 13 feet thick. The exact interval depth may vary based on back
pressure observed during injection and potential refusal of the Geoprobe tool string.
Thanks,
Judd Mahan, PG
Project Manager
Mountain Environmental Group
1560 Pisgah Drive
Canton, NC 28716
Phone [phone]
Mobile [phone]

NCDEN
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality
Beverly Eaves Perdue Coleen H. Sullins
Governor Director
June 2, 2010
Philip A. Francis, Jr
National Park Service
199 Hemphill Knob Road
Asheville, NC 28803
Subject: Acknowledgement of Application No. WI0100098
Former Pisgah Inn Gas Station
Injection In situ Groundwater Remediation Well (5I)
Haywood
Dear Mr. Francis:
Dee Freeman
Secretary
The Aquifer Protection Section of the Division of Water Quality (Division) acknowledges receipt of your permit application and
supporting materials on May 24, 2010. This application package has been assigned the number listed above and will be reviewed by
Michael Rogers.
The reviewer will perform a detailed review and contact you with a request for additional information if necessary. To ensure the
maximum efficiency in processing permit applications, the Division requests your assistance in providing a timely and complete
response to any additional information requests.
Please be aware that the Division's Regional Office, copied below, must provide recommendations prior to final action by the
Division. Please also note at this time, processing permit applications can take as long as 60 - 90 days after receipt of a complete
application.
If you have any questions, please contact Michael Rogers at 919-715-6166, or via e-mail at [e-mail]. If the
reviewer is unavailable, you may leave a message, and they will respond promptly. Also note that the Division has reorganized. To
review our new organizational chart, go to h=:Hh2o.enr.state.nc.us/document-,/dwci orgchart.pdf.
PLEASE REFER TO THE ABOVE APPLICATION NUMBER WHEN MAKING INQUIRIES ON THIS PROJECT.
Sincerely,
for Debra J. Watts
Supervisor
cc: Asheville Regional Office, Aquifer Protection Section
Judd Mahan (Mountain Environmental Group - 1560 Pisgah Drive, Canton, NC 28716)
Permit Application File WI0100098
AQUIFER PROTECTION SECTION
1636 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1636
Location: 2728 Capital Boulevard, Raleigh, North Carolina 27604 One
Phone: [phone] FAX 1: 919-715-0588; FAX 2: 919-715-60481 Customer Service: 1-877-623-6748 NOI-thCarol111a
Internet: www.nrwatemuality.org
An Equal Opportunity t Affirmative Action Employer NaturallY

OUNTAIN
Environmental Group
May 21, 2010
Mr. Thomas Slusser
Program Manager
Underground Injection Control Program
Aquifer Protection Section - NCDENR
1636 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27604
environmental consulting • assessment • remediation • waste management
RE: In Situ Groundwater Remediation Project
Former Pisgah Inn Gas Station
Dear Mr. Slusser:
RECEIVED / DENR / DWQ
AQUIFFR *PPnTFr.TinN ,qFCTION
MAY 2 4 2010
Please find attached an Application For Permit to Construct and Use Wells for Injection. This project
is located at the Former Pisgah Inn Gas Station and is a listed Underground Storage Tank release
site (Incident # 28188).
Thank you for your time and consideration in reviewing this application.
If you have any questions or comments, please feel free to call me at [phone].
Sincerely,
MOUNTAIN ENVIRONMENTAL GROUP
Judd Mahan, PG
Project Manager
Enclosure
1560 Pisgah Drive
Canton, NC 28716
www.mountainenvironmental.com
PHONE: [phone]
[phone]
FAX [phone]

AQUIFER PROTECTION REGIONAL STAFF REPORT
Date: June 18, 2010 County: Haywood
To: Aquifer Protection Central Office Permittee: NCDENR APS UIC
Central Office Reviewer: B. Laverty/J. Stepp Project Name: Pisgah Inn
Regional Login No: Application No.: WI0100098
L GENERAL INFORMATION
1. This application is (check all that apply): ® New ❑ Renewal
❑ Minor Modification ❑ Major Modification
❑ Surface Irrigation ❑ Reuse ❑ Recycle ❑ High Rate Infiltration ❑ Evaporation/Infiltration Lagoon
❑ Land Application of Residuals ❑ Attachment B included ❑ 503 regulated ❑ 503 exempt
❑ Distribution of Residuals ❑ Surface Disposal
❑ Closed -loop Groundwater Remediation ® Other Injection Wells (including in situ remediation)
Was a site visit conducted in order to prepare this report? ® Yes or U No.
a. Date of site visit: June 16, 2010
b. Person contacted and contact information: Judd Mahan [phone]
c. Site visit conducted by: Brett Laverty and Jonathan Stepp
d. Inspection Report Attached: ® Yes or ❑ No.
2. Is the following information entered into the BIMS record for this application correct?
® Yes or ❑ No. If no, please complete the following or indicate that it is correct on the current application.
For Treatment Facilities:
a. Location:
b. Driving Directions:
c. USGS Quadrangle Map name and number:
d. Latitude: Longitude:
e. Regulated Activities / Type of Wastes (e.g., subdivision, food processing, municipal wastewater):
For Disposal and Injection Sites.
f multiple sites either indicate which sites the information gRplies to copy and paste a new section into the
document for each site or attach additional a es for each site
a. Location(s): Mile Post 408 - Blue Ridge Parkway, Waynesville, NC 28716
b. Driving Directions: U.S. 276 to Blue Ridge Parkway, Mile post 408 (Pisgah Inn)
c. USGS Quadrangle Map name and number: Cruso Quad/35082-D7-TF-024
d. Latitudf- 9 "� -�1801 Longitude: 350 24' 15.42" N 820 45' 13.36" W
rnudi rcntiuns sici ) to nett section)
#,)escritstio t)s" Vas#e(Sl �A.nd Facilities
1.. Plea_se attach coinpleted ratintz sheet. Facility Classification:
2. Are the nevv treatment facilities adequate fo, the type of waste and disposal systelll?
FORM: Pisgah Inn.docx
1
NtL,t1VtU I UtNN ! uvvU
AQUIFER PROTP-710N gFCTION
JUN 18 2010

J
AQUIFER PROTECTION REGIONAL STAFF REPORT
❑ Yes ❑ No ❑ N/A. If no, please explain:
3. Are the new site coaidition.s (soils; topography, depth to water 'table, etc) consistent with what was reported by
the soil scientist and/or Professional Engineer'? ❑ Yes ❑ No ❑ N/A./ If no, please explain:
4. Does the application (snaps, plans; etc.) represent the actual site (property lines, wells, surtke- drainage)'? ❑
Yes ❑ No ❑ N/A. If no, please explain: _
5. Is the proposed residuals management plan adequate andlor acceptable to the Division. ❑ Yns ❑ No ❑
N/A. If uo, please explain:
6. .Are the proposed application rates for new sites (hydraulic or nutr:i.ent) acceptable'?
❑ Yes ❑ No ❑ N/A. If no, please explain: _
?. Are the he-v treatment facilities or any new disposal sites located in a 100-year floodplain'?
❑ Yes ❑ No ❑ N,-A. It yes; please attach a map showing areas of 100-year floodplain and please explain
and recormnend any mitigative measures/special conditions in Part IV: _
8. Are there any buffer conflicts (new treatment facilities or new disposal sites)? ❑ Yes or []No. It`yess, please
attach a map sho-vving conflict areas or attach any new. maps you have received from the applicant to be -
incorporated into the permit:
.9. ls, proposed and/or existing groundwater monitorino program (nLIMI)Or of Wells, frequency of rnonitor,ng..
monitoring parameters, etc.) adegiiate? ❑ Yes ❑ No ❑ N/A. Attach map of existing monitoring well
anet+-vork if applicable.. Indicate the review and compliance boundaries. If No, explain and. recommend any
changes to the groundwater monitoring program:
10. For residuals, will seasonal or other restrictions be required? ❑ Yes ❑ No ❑ N/A If yes, attach list of sites
with restrictions (Certification B?)
i'I: i7OT`..1�r 11fi��I�T��ti�?''I97YftN�(c��e?ret�icnxtr.aeziiE�rta�r Inc-ir;_r-r t�^r.ra�,.fxc�ri'=cr. ;€1�;.
Ls'fertts'
Dese j:jption Of Waste(S) And Facilities N/A
1. Are there appropriately eerti l ied ORCs for the facilities? ❑ Yes or ❑ No.
Operator in Cliarge: Certificate #:
Backup- Operator in Charge: Certificate #:
2. Is the design, maintenance and operation (e.g. adequate aeration,. sludge wasting, sludge storage; effluent
storage; etc) of tine treatment facilities adequate for the type of. waste and disposal system? ❑ Ye's or ❑ No.
If no, please explain:
;. Are the site conditions {soils, topography, depth to N-vat:er table, etc) iiiaintained ap.propri:)t._ iy ar,
assimilating the waste? ❑ Yes or ❑ No. If no, please explain:
PORM:.PisgahInn.docx 2

AQUIFER PROTECTION REGIONAL STAFF REPORT
4. Has the site changed. in any way that may affect perinit (drainage added, new wells inside the compliance
boundary, new development, etc.)? If yes, please explainIs the residuals management plan for the facility
adequate and/or adcceptable to. the Division?
❑ Yes or• ❑ No. if no, please explain:
5. Are the existing application rates (hydraulic or nutrient) still acceptable? ❑ Yes or ❑ No. If no, please
explain: _
6. Is the existing groundwater nlclnitoring program (number of,_,vells, frequency of monitoring, monitor'►► ;
parameter's, etc.) adequate? ❑ Yes ❑ No ❑ N/A. Attach neap of existing monitoring -kkell network if
applicable. Indicate tile. review and compliance boundaries. If No.. explain and recommend any changes to the
groundwater monitoring program:
7. Will seasonal or other restrictions be regl:cired for added sites? ❑ Yes ❑ No ❑ N/A if yes, attach list of sites
with restrictions (Certification B?)
S. are there any buffer conflicts (treatment facilities or disposal sites)? ❑ Yes or ❑ No. If yes, please attach a
neap showing conflict areas or attach ally nely- maps yott have received from the applicant to be incorporated
into the peiTn-it:
9. Is the description of the facilities, type mid/or volu►Ile of wastc(s) as written in the exiAing ;x:_r tint: i ��rr,:+:'i:' L_t
Yes or ❑ No. if no, please explain:
10. Were monitoring wells properly constructed and located? ❑ Yes or ❑ No ❑ N/A. if no, please explain:
11. Has a review of all self -monitoring, data been conducted (GW, NDMR, and NDAR as applicable)? ❑ Yes or
❑ No ❑ N/A. Please summarize any findings resulting from this review:
12. Check all that apply: ❑ No compliance issues; ❑ Notice(s) of violation .within the last permit cycle, ❑
Current enforcement action(s) ❑ Currently under SOC; ❑ Currently under JOC; ❑ CUI-relltiv under
moratorium. if any ite►T►s checked, please,explain and attach any docurnents that play 11elp ;.larik-
answer/comments (such as NOV.. NOD etc): Have all compliance dates/condidotls ill the existing pern.l t,
(SOC, JOC, etc.) been complied with? ❑ Yes ❑ No ❑ Not Dete:rnlined ❑ N/A.. If no.. please explain:
13. Are there any issues related to compliance/enforcement. that should be resolved befiore issuing this permit? ❑
Ye,, pr ❑ No ❑ N/A. If yes, please explain:
FORM: Pisgah Inn.doex 3

r'
AQUIFER PROTECTION REGIONAL STAFF REPORT
IV INJECTION WELL PERMITAPPLICA77ONS (Complete these two sections for all systems that use injection
wells, including closed -loop groundwater remediation effluent injection wells, in situ remediation injection wells, and heat
PUMP injection -wells.)
Descrintion Of Well(S) And Facilities — New, Renewal, And Modification
1. Type of injection system:
❑ Heating/cooling water return flow (W)
❑ Closed -loop heat pump system (5QW5QW)
® In situ remediation (H)
❑ Closed -loop groundwater remediation effluent injection (5LP Non -Discharge")
❑ Other (Specify: _---)
2. Does system use same well for water source and injection? ❑ Yes ®No
3. Are there any potential pollution sources that may affect injection? ❑ Yes ® No
• What is/are the pollution source(s)?
• What is the distance of the injection well(s) from the pollution source(s)?
4.. What is the minimum distance of proposed injection wells from the property boundary? 250 ft.
5. Quality of drainage at site: ® Good ❑ Adequate ❑ Poor
6. Flooding potential of site: ® Low ❑ Moderate ❑ High (for injection site itself)
7. For groundwater remediation systems, is the proposed and/or existing groundwater monitoring program
(number of wells, frequency of monitoring, monitoring parameters, etc.) adequate? ® Yes ❑. No. Attach
map of existing monitoring well network if applicable. If No, explain and recommend any changes,to the
groundwater monitoring program:
8. Does the map presented represent the actual site (property lines, wells, surface drainage)? ® Yes or ❑ No. If
no or no map, please attach a sketch of the site. Show property boundaries, buildings, wells, potential pollution
sources, roads, approximate scale, and north arrow.
Iniection Well Permit Renewal And Modification Only:
1. For heat pump systems, are there any abnormalities in heat pump or injection -well operation (e.g. turbid water,
failure to assimilate injected fluid, poor heating cooling)?
❑ Yes ❑ No. if Yes. explain:
:?. For closed -loop heat pump systems. has system lost pressure oi- MILdred make-up :fluid since pertni.t 1.Ss 111C;2
or last inspection? ❑ Yes ❑ No. If yes. ex lain:
3. For renewal or modification of groundwater reivred.iation permits (of any, rime). will
contiiuied/acfditiazal/modified infections have an adverse impact on migration of the phone or management of
the contamination incident? ❑ Yes ❑ No. ifly s., ex lain:
FORM: Pisgah lnn.doex 4

AQUIFER PROTECTION REGIONAL STAFF REPORT
4. Drilling contractor: Name:
Address:
Certification number:
a. Complete, and alfach We]I Construction Data. Sheet.
FORM: Pisgah Inn.doex 5

AQUIFER PROTECTION REGIONAL STAFF REPORT
V EVALUATIONAND RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Provide any additional narrative regarding your review of the application.: The incident site is located along a
ridgeline bordered by steeply dipping topography. A water /sewage utility corridor extends from the
former gas station down to a lower campground. Any spills or day lighting of injection fluids could
quickly migrate via overland flow or in the shallow subsurface along the utility corridor.
2. Attach Well Construction Data Sheet - if needed information is available:
3. Do you foresee any problems with issuance/renewal of this permit? ❑ Yes ® No. If yes, please explain
briefly.
4. List any items that you would like APS Central Office to obtain through an additional information request.
Make sure that you provide a reason for each item:
Item Reason
none
5. List specific Permit conditions that you recommend to be removed from the permit when issued. Make sure
that you provide a reason for each condition:
Condition Reason
none
6. • List speck special conditions or compliance schedules that you recommend to be included in the permit when
issued. Make sure that you provide a reason for each special condition:
Condition
Reason
Make sure a spill response plan is in place
and that spill kits are on site in case of
accidental discharge
Potential contaminate pathways include
steeply dipping topography and nearby
utility corridor.
7. Recommendation: ❑ Hold, pending receipt and review of additional information by regional office; ❑ Hold,_
pending review of draft permit by regional office; ❑ Issue upon receipt of needed additional information;
Issue; ❑ Deny. If deny, please state reasons:
8. Signature of report preparer(s)
Signature of APS regional sups
Date: 6/18/2010
ADDITIONAL REGIONAL STAFF REVIEW ITEMS
FORM: Pisgah Inn.docx 6

I
Rogers, Michael
From: Laverty, Brett
Sent: Friday, June 18, 2010 3:09 PM
To: Rogers, Michael
Subject: UIC Permit W 10 100098
Attachments: UIC W10100098 Regional Staff Report.pdf
Michael,
Here is the regional staff report for Pisgah Inn UIC permit. Let me know if you need a hard copy.
i
Brett Laverty
Brett Laverty - brett.lavertyCaD_ncdenr.gov
North Carolina Dept. of Environment and Natural Resources
Asheville Regional Office
Division of Water Quality -.Aquifer Protection Section
2090 U.S. 70 Highway
Swannanoa, NC 28778
Tel: [phone] -
Fax: [phone]
Notice: E-mail correspondence to and from this address may be subject to the North Carolina Public Records
Law and therefore may be disclosed to third parties.
1

` ,a STATpo '
North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services
Division of Public Health — Epidemiology Section
Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch
1912 Mail Service Center • Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1912
Telephone:[phone] Fax: [phone]
Michael F. Easley, Governor Leah Devlin, DDS, MPH
Dempsey Benton, Secretary State Health Director
AQURF C�EIVED/DENR/-DWQ
August 25, 2008 R�TFrn��,i SFC
AUG 2 rio�v
MEMORANDUM 7 2008
To: Qu Qi — UIC Program
Aquifer Protection System
Division of Water Quality
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
From: Sandy Mort A1--*�LFLV
Epidemiology Section
Division of Public Health
Department of Health and Human Services
Subject: Health Risk Assessment
Use of a ade o> sodium hydroxide as activator for
groundwater/soil remediation with sodium persulfate
The following information is provided in response to Aquifer Protection Section's (APS)
request for a health risk evaluation regarding the use of sodium persulfate with calcium
peroxide or sodium hydroxide as activators for groundwater or soil remediation. These
chemicals are proposed for use at a Duracell battery manufacturing site contaminated
with chlorinated hydrocarbons, petroleum hydrocarbons, acetone, and carbon
tetrachloride. This review is provided as supplemental information to that provided to
APS in September 2003 by DPH regarding the use of hydrogen peroxide and iron-EDTA
activators with sodium persulfate.
The information provided to DPH indicates that calcium peroxide will be used at a
proportion of 20% calcium peroxide and 80% sodium persulfate. This mixture is diluted
to 30%, resulting in approximately 6% calcium peroxide and. 24% sodium persulfate in
70% water. The information also states that sodium hydroxide will be used at 1 to 5%
with 30% sodium persulfate.
North Carolina Public Health
C Working For a heakhy Ever Everysafer Noah Carolina
Everywhere. Everyday. body.
Location: 5505 Six Forks Rd., 2nd Floor, Room 1-2-D1 •Raleigh, NC 276.09
AnEgtd Opprn�Enp4,,

Page 2 of 9
NC DPH recommends that all persons that will come into contact with the above
chemicals review the MSDS and other appropriate health and safety documents and have
undergone appropriate health and safety training. NC DPH also recommends that
transport of these chemicals off -site be controlled to prevent potential human or
ecological impacts. Access to the area of application should be limited to workers
applying the product. In order to minimize exposure to unprotected individuals,
measures should be taken to prevent access to the area of application.
SODIUM PERSULFATE HEALTH RISK INFORMATION:
Formula: Na2S203
CASN: 7775-27-1
Synonyms: Sodium peroxydisulfate, Sodium persulfate
Classification: strong oxidant
Sodium persulfate is a strong oxidant and reacts with combustible and reducing
materials. Sodium persulfate decomposes on heating producing toxic and corrosive fumes
including sulfur oxides. It reacts violently with powdered metals and strong bases. In
solution in water it is a weak acid. Sodium persulfate becomes unstable when exposed to
heat, moisture and/or contamination. It is incompatible with acids, alkalis, halides
(fluorides, chlorides, bromides and iodides), combustible materials, most metals and
heavy metals, oxidizable materials, other oxidizers, reducing agents, cleaners, and
organic or carbon containing compounds. Oxidizing chemicals, including sodium
persulfate, should not be stored or directly mixed with combustible material (such as
fuels, papers or solvents) or reducing agents (such as metals or sulfites). Contact with
incompatible materials can result in a material decomposition or other uncontrolled
reactions. Oxidizing chemicals may react energetically with combustible materials or
reducing agents and also release oxygen and heat during decomposition that could help
support a fire. Some oxidizing agents are incompatible with one another. Decomposing
persulfates will evolve large volumes of gas and/or vapor, can accelerate exponentially
with heat generation, and create significant and hazardous pressures if contained and not
properly controlled or mitigated. Use with alcohols in the presence of water has been
demonstrated to generate conditions that require rigorous adherence to process safety
methods and standards to prevent escalation to an uncontrolled reaction.
Potential health effects: The primary route of toxicity is through direct inhalation of
airborne dust or mist, or direct contact. Airborne persulfate dust may be irritating to eyes,
nose, lungs, throat and skin upon contact. Dust dispersion should be controlled. Sodium
persulfate in identified as a strong oxidizer and an irritant. Inhalation of dust may cause
asthma -like reactions. Acute (short-term) health effects that may occur immediately or
shortly after exposure include severe skin and eye irritation and bums. Breathing sodium
persulfate can irritate the nose, throat and lungs, causing coughing, wheezing and/or
shortness of breath. Long-term (chronic) or repeated exposure may cause a skin
allergy or dermatitis. If allergy develops, very low future exposure can cause itching and
a skin rash. An asthma -like allergy may also result from long-term or repeated inhalation
exposures with future exposure potentially causing asthma attacks with shortness of
+� DMMenY
U Location: 5505 Six Forks Rd., 2nd Floor, Room 1-2-DI • Raleigh, N.C. 27609
An Equal Opportunity Employer

\, Page 3 of 9.
breath, wheezing, cough, and/or chest tightness. General allergic reactions, like urticaria
(hives) or shock, may occur. Sodium persulfate has not been tested for its ability to cause
cancer or reproductive effects.
Evidence of exposure includes:
Inhalation: cough, labored breathing, sore throat, wheezing
Skin: redness, pain
Eyes: redness, pain
Ingestion: diarrhea, nausea, sore throat, vomiting
'Recommended personal protective equipment (PPE): Prevent release of dust into the
work environment with room ventilation. All persons working with sodium persulfate
should use appropriate PPE, including:
Eves and face: Use cup type chemical goggles. Full face shield may be used.
Respiratory: Use approved dust respirator when airborne dust is expected. A NIOSH 100
HEPA tight -fitting half -face unit is recommended (with fit testing).
Protective clothing: Normal work clothes. Rubber or neoprene footwear.
Gloves: Rubber or neoprene gloves. Thoroughly wash the outside of gloves with soap
and water prior to removal. Inspect regularly for leaks.
First Aid:
Eye contact: Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes,
occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately.
Skin Contact: Quickly remove contaminated clothing. Immediately wash contaminated
skin with large amounts of soap and water.
Breathing: Remove the person from exposure. Begin rescue breathing (using universal
precautions) if breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. Transfer
promptly to a medical facility.
Additional safety recommendations: Prevent release of dust into the work environment
with room ventilation. Workers whose clothing has been contaminated with sodium
persulfate should change into clean clothing promptly. On skin contact immediately
wash or shower to remove the chemical. Remove contaminated clothing immediately
and wash before reuse. At the end of the work shift, wash any areas of the body that may
have contacted sodium persulfate, whether or not known skin contact has occurred. Do
not take contaminated work clothes home to prevent exposure of family members.
Contaminated work clothes should be laundered by individuals who have been informed
of the hazards of exposure to sodium persulfate.
Eye wash fountains should be provided in the immediate work area for emergency use. If
there is the possibility of skin exposure, emergency shower facilities should be provided.
Do not eat, smoke, or drink where sodium persulfate is handled, processed, or stored,
since the chemical can be swallowed. Wash hands carefully before eating, drinking,
smoking, or using the toilet.
Handling and storage: Use adequate ventilation when transferring product from bags or
drums. Provide mechanical general and/or local exhaust ventilation to prevent release of
�G 9h41oI o'I
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' Location: 5505 Six Forks Rd., 2,dFloor, Room l-2-DI •Raleigh, N.C. 27609
An Equal Opportunity Employer

Page 4 of 9
dust into work environment. Spills should be collected into suitable containers to prevent
dispersion into .the air. Wear respiratory protection if ventilation is inadequate or not
available. Use eye and skin protection. Use clean plastic or stainless steel scoops only.
Store (unopened) in a cool, clean, dry place away from point sources of heat, e.g. radiant
heaters or steam pipes. In case of fire or decomposition (fuming/smoking) deluge with
plenty of water to control decomposition. Use a vacuum or a wet method to reduce dust
during clean-up. DO NOT DRY SWEEP.
CALCIUM PEROXIDE HEALTH RISK INFORMATION:
Formula:
Ca02
CASN:
1305-79-9
Synonyms:
calcium dioxide, calcium superoxide, Calper, Calper G
Classification:
oxidizer
Calcium. peroxide is an oxidizer, thus contact with combustible materials (paper, cotton,
organics, leather, reducing agents, and other oxidizers) should be avoided. Calcium
peroxide is not flammable but will contribute oxygen to feed a fire. Contamination, heat,
and humid conditions will enhance and accelerate decomposition. Decomposition is
endothermic, unlike most oxidizers. Store calcium peroxide in a clean, dry place. Do not
expose to heat sources or high humidity. Store away from combustible materials. Keep
containers closed when not in use. Dilute spills with water.
Potential health effects: Contact can severely irritate and burn the skin and eyes with
possible eye damage -Breathing calcium peroxide can irritate the nose, throat and lungs
causing coughing, wheezing and/or shortness of breath. Harmful if swallowed. The
following acute (short-term) health effects may occur immediately or shortly after
exposure. Contact can severely irritate and burn the skin and eyes with possible eye
damage. Breathing calcium peroxide can irritate the nose, throat and lungs causing
coughing, wheezing and/or shortness of breath. Chronic (long-term) health effects can
occur at some time after exposure and can last for months or years and include lung .
irritation. Repeated exposure may cause bronchitis with. cough, phlegm, and/or shortness
of breadth. Calcium peroxide has not been tested for its ability to cause cancer or
reproductive effects. Calcium peroxide should be handled in well ventilated, dust
controlled areas. When handling large quantities, use a dust mask, goggles, and gloves.
Evidence of exposure includes:
Inhalation: nose and throat irritation
Skin: irritation
Eyes: irritation
Ingestion: irritation of mouth and stomach
Recommended personal protective equipment (PPE): Avoid skin contact with
calcium peroxide.
Eyes and face: Wear chemical safety goggles. Wear a face shield along with goggles
when working with corrosive, highly irritating or toxic substances.
��Olr4ioo' .
Location: 5505 Six Forks Rd., 2°1 Floor, Room 1-2-DI • Raleigh, N.C. 27609
G An Equal Opportunity Employer �r

Page 5 of 9
Respiratory: Use NIOSH certified toxic dust respirator. A NIOSH 100 HEPA tight-
fitting half -face unit is recommended (with fit testing).
Protective clothing: Wear protective gloves and full cover clothing
All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear) should be clean, available each
day, and put on before work.
First Aid:
Eyes: Immediately flush with water for at'least 15-30 minutes, lifting the upper and lower
eyelids intermittently. See a medical doctor or ophthalmologist immediately.
Skin: Remove contaminated clothing. Wash with plenty of soap and water. Get medical
attention if irritation occurs and persists.
Ingestion: If conscious rinse mouth with water. Dilute by giving 1 or 2 glasses of water or
milk. Do not induce vomiting. See a medical doctor immediately.
Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. If breathing difficulty or discomfort occurs and persists,
obtain medical attention.
Additional safety recommendations: Workers whose clothing has been contaminated
by calcium peroxide should change into clean clothing promptly. Do not take
contaminated work clothes home. Family members could be exposed.
Contaminated work clothes should be laundered by individuals who have been informed
of the hazards of exposure to calcium peroxide.
Eyewash fountains should be provided in the immediate work area for emergency use. If
there is the possibility of skin exposure, emergency shower facilities should be provided.
On skin contact with calcium peroxide, immediately wash or shower to remove the .
chemical.
Do not. eat, smoke, or drink where calcium peroxide is handled, processed, or stored,
since the chemical can be swallowed. Wash hands carefully before eating, drinking,
smoking, or using the toilet.
Use a vacuum or a wet method to reduce dust during clean-up. DO NOT DRY SWEEP.
Handling and storage: Calcium peroxide must be stored to avoid contact with
combustibles; hydrocarbons; fuels; cellulose; hydrogen peroxide; and organic materials
since fires may occur. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well -ventilated area.
SODIUM HYDROXIDE HEALTH RISK INFORAMTION:
Formula:
NaOH
CASN:
1310-73-2
Synonyms:
Caustic soda, Lye, Soda lye, Sodium hydrate
Classification:
alkaline, corrosive
Y� pivlUo�
0,"
Location: 5505 Six Forks Rd., 2"d Floor, Room 1-2-DI •Raleigh, N.C.27609
An Equal Opportunity Employer

Page 6 of 9
Sodium hydroxide is classified as a corrosive material. Sodium hydroxide is
incompatible with water, acids, flammable liquids, organic halogens, organic peroxides,
metals such as aluminum, tin, zinc, or nitromethane. It is corrosive to metals. Keep this
compound separated from acids, easily ignitable materials, explosives, metals, organic
peroxides, and water or any moisture. Sodium hydroxide will react with water to release
heat and contact with aluminum, tin, lead and zinc will release flammable and explosive
hydrogen gas. Contact with nitromethane and other nitro compounds may result in the
formation of shock -sensitive or -explosive salts. Contact with moisture or water may generate
sufficient heat to ignite combustible substances.
Potential health effects: Sodium hydroxide is a corrosive irritant of the skin, eyes, and
mucous membranes. Sodium hydroxide both in solid and in solution has a markedly
corrosive action upon all body tissues causing burns and frequently deep maceration,
with ultimate scarring. Inhalation of the dust or concentrated mist can cause damage to
the upper respiratory tract and to lung tissue, depending upon the severity of the
exposure. Effects of inhalation may vary from mild irritation of the mucous membranes
at 2 mg/m3 to severe pneumonitis at higher airborne concentrations. Inhalation of
alkaline vapors can produce upper airway edema, respiratory failure, wheezing,
pulmonary edema, and pneumonitis. Exposure to the dust or mist may cause pain,
redness, irritation or full thickness burns. Contact with the eyes causes disintegration and
sloughing -of conjunctival and corneal epithelium, corneal opacification (renders the
cornea opaque), marked edema, and ulceration. Permanent visual loss may occur. After 7
to 13 days, either gradual recovery begins, or there is progression of ulceration and
corneal opacification. On the skin, solutions of 25 to 50% sodium hydroxide cause a
sensation of irritation within about 3 minutes; with 4% solutions, irritation does not
develop for several hours. If it is not'removed. from the skin, severe burns with deep
ulceration may occur. Produces severe abdominal pain, corrosion of the lips, mouth,
tongue, esophagus, and pharynx, and the vomiting of large pieces of mucoua. It can cause
perforation and scarring. Glottic edema and upper airway obstruction may occur
following ingestion. Cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus have occurred
with latent periods of 12 to 42 years after ingestion. These cancers were the sequelae of
tissue destruction and possible scar formation, rather than due to a direct carcinogenic
action of sodium hydroxide itself. The greatest industrial hazard is rapid tissue
destruction of eyes or skin upon contact with either the solid or concentrated solutions.
Acute (short-term exposure) health effects which may occur immediately or shortly
after exposure include with contact severe irritation and burning the skin and eyes with
possible eye damage or clouding of the eyes with loss of vision. Breathing sodium
hydroxide can irritate the mouth, nose and throat. Breathing can also irritate the lungs
causing coughing and/or shortness of breath. Higher exposures can cause a build-up of
fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema), a medical emergency, with severe shortness of
breath. Chronic (long-term exposure) health effects can occur at some time after
exposure to and can last for months or years. Very high chronic exposure may cause lung
damage. Sodium hydroxide has not been tested for ability to cause cancer in animals.
There is no evidence it .effects reproduction.
Location: 5505 Six Forks Rol., 2"d Floor, Room 1-2-DI •Raleigh, N.C. 27609
An Equal Opportunity Employer

Page 7 of 9
Evidence of exposure includes:
Inhalation: irritation of mucous membranes, pneumonitis
Skin: irritation, burns, temporary loss of hair
Eyes: irritation, corneal damage
Ingestion: irritation of mucous membranes, severe abdominal pain, corrosion of
the lips, mouth, tongue, and pharynx, and the vomiting of large pieces
of mucosa, upper airway obstruction may occur
Workplace exposure limits:
These exposure limits are for air levels only.
OSHA: The legal airborne permissible exposure limit (PEL) is 2 mg/m3 averaged over
an 8-hour work shift.
NIOSH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is 2 mg/m3, which should not be
exceeded at any time. The NIOSH IDLH value is 10 in in3.
ACGIH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is 2 mg/m3, which should not be
exceeded at any time.
Recommended personal protective equipment (PPE): Appropriate, impervious,
protective clothing (including gloves) should be worn to prevent skin contact. Protective
equipment should not be made of aluminum, copper, soft iron, tin, or zinc (or alloys
made of these metals.
Eyes and face: For solid sodium hydroxide wear impact resistant eye protection with side
shields or goggles. For liquids wear indirect -vent, impact and splash resistant goggles. A
face shield along with goggles is recommended when working with corrosive, highly
irritating or toxic substances. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this
substance. Eyewash fountains should be provided.
Respiratory: Use NIOSH certified toxic dust respirator. A NIOSH 100 HEPA tight-
fitting half -face unit is recommended (with fit testing). Where the potential exists for
exposure over 2 mg/m3, use a MSHA/NIOSH approved supplied -air respirator with a full
face piece operated in a pressure -demand or other positive -pressure mode. For increased
protection use in combination with an auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus
operated in a pressure -demand or other positive -pressure mode. Exposure to 10 mg/m3 is
immediately dangerous to life and health. If the possibility of exposure above 10 mg/m3
exists, use a MSHA/NIOSH approved self-contained breathing apparatus with a full face
piece operated in a pressure -demand or other positive -pressure mode.
Gloves: Impervious. ACGIH recommends polyvinyl chloride, butyl, butyl/neoprene,
natural rubber, neoprene, polyethylene, Saranex, Teflon and Viton/neoprene as protective
materials.
First Aid:
Eyes: Irrigate immediately
Skin: Water flush immediately. Clothing which becomes significantly contaminated, or
wet, should be removed as quickly as possible.
Breathing: Respiratory support
Ingestion: Medical attention immediately
r Location: 5505 Six Forks Rd., 2nd Floor, Room 1-2-DI • Raleigh, N.C. 27609
�...•...•' An Equal Opportunity Employer

Page 8 of 9
Handling and storage: Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry, well -ventilated
area away from moisture. Wherever sodium hydroxide is used, handled, manufactured,
or stored, use explosion -proof electrical equipment and fittings. Keep sodium hydroxide
separated from acids, easily ignitable materials, explosives, metals, organic peroxides,
and water (or any moisture).
Additional safety recommendations: Workers whose clothing has been contaminated
by sodium hydroxide should change into clean clothing promptly. Do not take
contaminated work clothes home. Family members could be exposed.
Contaminated work clothes should be laundered by individuals who have been informed
of the hazards of exposure to sodium hydroxide.
Eye wash fountains should be provided in the immediatework area for emergency use.
If there is the possibility of skin exposure, emergency shower facilities should be
provided. On skin contact sodium hydroxide, immediately wash or shower to remove the
chemical. At the end of the work shift, wash any areas of the body that may have
contacted sodium hydroxide, whether or not known skin contact has occurred.
Do not eat, smoke, or drink where sodium hydroxide is handled, processed, or stored,
since the chemical can be swallowed. Wash hands carefully before eating, drinking,
smoking, or using the toilet.
For solid sodium.hydroxide use a vacuum to reduce dust during clean-up. DO NOT DRY
SWEEP.
`��?�` Location: 5505 Six Forks Rd., 2"d Floor, Room 1-2-D1 • Raleigh, N.C. 27609
' An Equal Opportunity Employer �rM

Page 9 of 9
References:
1. International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs): International Programme on Chemical
Safety. CDC, NIOSH. http•//www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcs/idstart.html
2. New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services Hazardous Substances Fact
Sheets.
3. Sodium Persulfate MSDS. FMC MSDS no.: 7775-27-4, April 30, 2006, revision no. 12.
FMC Corporation.
4. Calcium Peroxide Technical Data Sheet. FMC Corporation.
5. TOXNET Toxicology Data Network. US National Library of Medicine.
htti):Htoxnet.nlm.nih.gov/
6. Calcium Peroxide MSDS. FMC MSDS no.: 1305-79-9-1, April 30, 2006, revision no. 9.
FMC Corporation.
7. Thomson MICROMEDEX.
8. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. CDC.
9. Technical and Regulatory Guidance for In Situ Chemical Oxidation of Contaminated Soil
and Groundwater, Second Edition. The Interstate technology& Regulatory Council In
Situ Chemical Oxidation Team. January 2005. http://www.itreweb.org/Documents/ISCO-
2.pdf
Location: 5505 Six Forks Rd., 2„dFloor, Room 1-2-D] *Raleigh, N.C. 27609 An Equal Opportunity Employer

AQUIFER PROTECTION SECTION
APPLICATION REVIEW REQUEST FORM
Date: June 2. 20 10
To: ®
Landon Davidson, ARO-APS
❑ David May, WaRO-APS
❑
Art Barnhardt, FRO-APS
❑ Charlie Stehman, WiRO-APS
❑
Andrew Pitner, MRO-APS
❑ Sherri Knight, W-SRO-APS
❑
Jay Zimmerman, RRO-APS
From: Michael Rogers Groundwater Protection Unit
Telephone: [phone] Fax: [phone]
E-Mail: Michael.RogersAncmail.net
A. Permit Number: WI 0100098
B. Owner: National Park Service -Blue Ridge Pkwy.
C. Facility/Operation:
❑ Proposed ® Existing ❑ Facility ❑ Operation
D. Application:
1. Permit Type: ❑
Animal ❑
SFR-Surface Irrigation❑
Reuse
❑ H-R Infiltration
❑
Recycle ❑
I/E Lagoon ❑ GW Remediation (ND)
®
UIC —
5I Groundwater Remediation Well
For Residuals: ❑
Land App.
❑ D&M
❑
Surface Disposal
❑
503
❑ 503 Exempt
❑
Animal
2. Project Type: ®
New
❑ Ma;or Mod. ❑ Minor Mod. ❑
Renewal
❑ Renewal w/ Mod.
E. Comments/Other Information: ❑ I would like to accompany you on a site visit.
NOTE:
Attached, you will find all information submitted in support of the above -referenced application for your
review, comment, and/or action. Within, please take the following actions:
® Return a Completed APSARR Form and attach laboratory analytical results, if applicable.
❑ Attach Well Construction Data Sheet.
❑ Attach Attachment B for Certification by the LAPCU.
❑ Issue an Attachment B Certification from the RO.*
* Remember that you will be responsible for coordinating site visits and reviews, as well as additional
information requests with other RO-APS representatives in order to prepare a complete Attachment B for
certification. Refer to the RPP SOP for additional detail.
When you receive this request form, please write your name and dates in the spaces below, make a copy
of this sheet, and return it to the appropriate Central Office -Aquifer Protection Section contact person
listed above.
RO-APS Reviewer:
Date:
FORM: APSARR 07/06 Page 1 of 1

NCDENR
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality
Beverly Eaves Perdue Coleen H. Sullins Dee Freeman.
Governor Director Secretary
September 22, 2010
Philip A. Francis, Jr., Superintendent.
National Park Service - Blue Ridge Pkwy
199 Hemphill Knob Rd.
Asheville, NC 28803
Ref: Issuance of Injection Permit WI0100098
Former Pisgah Inn Gas Station
Dear Mr. Francis:
In accordance with the renewal application received on May 24, 2010, we are forwarding permit number WI0100098.
This permit is to inject Oxygen Biochem (OBC) at the Former Pisgah Inn Gas Station facility located at Mile Post 408,
Blue Ridge Pkwy., Waynesville, Haywood County, NC 28716. This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance
until August 31, 2012, and shall be subject to the conditions and limitations stated therein, including the requirement to
submit a final project evaluation as stated in PART V11— MONITORING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS. Please
read the entire permit to ensure that you are aware of all compliance requirements of the permit.
You will need to notify this office and the Asheville Regional Office by telephone 48 hours prior to initiation of operation
of the facility. In order to continue uninterrupted legal use of the injection facility for the stated purpose, you must submit
an. application to renew the permit 120 days prior to its expiration date. Please contact me at 919-715-6166 or
Michael.Rogers(d,ncdenr. og_v if you have any questions about your permit.
Best
tRRe rds,
Michael Rogers; P.G.-(NC & FL)
Environmental Specialist
Underground Injection Control Program
cc: Landon Davidson - Asheville Regional Office
Judd Mahan —Mountain Environmental Group
WI0100098 Permit File
Mike Streeter - Division of Waste Management
AQUIFER PROTECTION SECTION
1636 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1636
Location: 2728 Capital Boulevard, Raleigh, North Carolina 27604
Phone: [phone] l FAX 1: 919-715-0588; FAX 2: 919-715-60481 Customer Service: 1-877-623-6748
Internet: www.ncwaterouality.org
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An Equal Opportunity 1 Affirmative Action Employer