20030425 Ver 1_Mitigation Information_20090710 (3)

Hanging Rock Creek and Tributary
Stream Restoration
NCEEP Project Number: 165
Monitoring Year 5
2008 Final Report
Submitted to
North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
May 2009
1619 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699
Hanging Rock Creek and Tributary Stream Restoration - 2008 Monitoring
Report (MY 5)
Table of Contents
1.0 Executive Summary / Project Abstract Page 1
2.0 Project Background Page 3
2.1 Project Objectives Page 3
2.2 Project Structure, Restoration Type, and Approach Page 3
2.3 Location and Setting Page 4
2.4 Project History and Background Page 6
2.5 Monitoring Plan View Page 8
3.0 Project Condition and Monitoring Results Page 10
3.1 Vegetation Assessment Page 10
3. 1.1 Vegetation Problem Areas Page 11
3.1.2 Vegetation Problem Area Plan View Page 11
3.2 Stream Assessment Page 11
3.2.1 Morphometric Criteria Page 11
3.2.2 Hydrologic Criteria Page 11
3.2.3 Bank Stability Assessments Page 12
3.2.4 Current Condition Plan View Page 12
3.2.5 Stream Problem Areas Page 12
3.2.6 Numbered Issue Photos Page 12
3.2.7 Fixed Station Photos Page 13
3.2.8 Stream Stability Assessment Page 13
3.2.9 Quantitative Measures Summary Page 14
3.3 Wetland Assessment Page 19
4.0 Methodology Page 20
5.0 References Page 21
Figures
Figure 1. Vicinity Map Page 5
Figure 2. Monitoring Plan View Page 9
Tables
Table Ia. Project Components Page 4
Table lb. Component Summations Page 4
Table 2. Project Activity and Reporting History Page 6
Table 3. Project Contacts Page 7
Table 4. Project Background Page 8
Table 5. Verification of Bankfull Events Page 12
Table 6. Categorical Stream Feature Visual Stability Assessment Pages 13 - 14
Table 7. Baseline Morphology and Hydraulic Monitoring Summary Pages 15 - 16
Table 8. Morphology and Hydraulic Monitoring Summary Pages 17 - 18
Appendices
Appendix A. Vegetation Data
Appendix B. Geomorphologic Data
Appendix C. Wetland Data
Appendix D. Integrated Current Condition Plan View
ii
1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY / PROJECT ABSTRACT
The Hanging Rock Creek and Tributary Stream Restoration Site is located in Avery County,
North Carolina, within the Watauga River Basin. The North Carolina Department of
Transportation (NCDOT), in consultation with Buck Engineering (now Michael Baker
Corporation), completed the Mitigation Plan in November 2001. Stream restoration construction
was completed in September 2003 with final re-vegetation completed in the spring of 2004.
Based on available data, the actual restored length is approximately 2,499 linear feet for Hanging
Rock Creek and 240 linear feet for the unnamed tributary. Prior to the Baseline / Year 1
monitoring effort (MY 1), structural maintenance and bank re-vegetation was conducted to repair
damage associated with high rainfall events in September of 2004. The first geomorphological
measurement point was generated in 2004 Monitoring Year 1 (MY 1) with 2008 representing
Monitoring Year 5 (MY 5).
Geomorphology and vegetation data collected in 2008 were repeated for those locations
monitored in 2007. Due to differences in cross-section nomenclature between monitoring years,
the nomenclature established in MY 1 was reinstated for MY 5. Additionally, differences in
bankfull elevation calls between monitoring years resulted in what appeared as morphological
variability between years. Bankfull elevations as determined from the 2008 survey were applied
to all previous monitoring data sets and dimension computations were re-calculated.
Based on the available data, stream dimension and profile have remained relatively stable
between years along the mainstem. The dimension and profile data for the unnamed tributary
indicates variability between years and is likely the result of annual changes in sediment
deposition and transport capacities.
The two main issues on the project mainstem had to do with scour areas associated with
structures and root wads. All other metrics for the mainstem indicated performance percentages
averaging between 88 and 100%. Issues for the unnamed tributary reach included riffle and pool
impacts primarily associated with sediment deposition upstream of a beaver dam. Performance
percentages for the additional tributary metrics averaged between 80 and 100%. While the
aforementioned stability metrics appear to have shifted substantially from previous monitoring
years, field observations and discussions with the North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement
Program (NCEEP) made it apparent that these differences may have been more an artifact of
data compilation discrepancies in prior submissions and differences in visual thresholds between
performers as opposed to a sudden shift in project performance variables. With the exception of
increased fining within some riffle reaches associated with recent beaver activity and upstream
sediment sources, the local instances of bank scour and structural observations appear to have
occurred earlier in the projects history before the onset of vegetation, possibly in relation to the
large events of 2004, and based on discussions with NCEEP it is unlikely that they advanced
appreciably since that time..
The MY 5 vegetation monitoring indicates that the project does not meet the established criteria
for planted stem density, which is a minimum survival of 260 stems per acre at the end of Year 5
of the monitoring period. Average stem density for planted stems in MY 5 was approximately
222 stems per acre. However, when planted and natural stems are combined the average stem
Hanging Rock Creek Final 1 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
density was 455 stems per acre, which is well above the minimum established criteria.
Discrepancies in previous data collection efforts as well as unauthorized mowing between MY 3
and MY 4 have limited comparisons between monitoring years. However, based on the MY 5
data, there appears to have been a 26% increase in stem density since MY 4. Vegetation
problem areas consisted of bare bench and floodplain areas as well as isolated patches of
invasive/exotic species that span the project extent.
Hanging Rock Creek Final 2 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
2.0 PROJECT BACKGROUND
2.1 Project Objectives
The Hanging Rock Creek Mitigation Plan (NCDOT, 2001) stated the following project
objectives:
• Restore the channel to a natural stable form;
• Improve floodplain and functionality;
• Reduce the sediment load discharged to the Elk River;
• Restore native floodplain vegetation through a forested riparian buffer;
• Improve the trout fishery and natural aesthetics of the stream corridor; and
• Acquire mitigation credits for other unavoidable impacts to streams within the same
Cataloging Unit (06010103).
2.2 Project Structure, Restoration Type, and Approach
Prior to restoration, both Hanging Rock Creek and the unnamed tributary were characterized as
Rosgen C4 channels. Hanging Rock Creek had high width to depth ratios, streambank erosion
throughout the reach, and was likely straightened in the past. The riparian zone and floodplain
vegetation was maintained as active pasture land. The unnamed tributary was maintained as a
drainage ditch through straightening, bank grading, and channel bed widening. While
streambank vegetation was minimal, bank erosion was primarily confined to hoof shear at cattle
crossings along the unnamed tributary.
The Mitigation Plan indicates the pre-restoration reach lengths were approximately 2,311 linear
feet for Hanging Rock Creek and 817 linear feet for the unnamed tributary with proposed
restoration lengths of 2,808 linear feet for Hanging Rock Creek and 879 linear feet for the
unnamed tributary. Based on the 2008 survey, the actual restored length is approximately 2,499
linear feet for Hanging Rock Creek and 240 linear feet for the unnamed tributary. The
Mitigation Plan indicated that a section of stream above Dobbins Road was proposed for
restoration, but not included in the actual work, explaining differences between the proposed and
restored length for Hanging Rock Creek. The large discrepancy between the proposed length
and the actual length for the unnamed tributary appears to be related to a change in the acquired
easement area between design and construction. The Mitigation Plan indicated the restoration
reach for the unnamed tributary extended to the tree line to the southeast of the existing easement
area. Based on visual assessment of 1998 NCDOT aerial photos, the actual restored reach is
located a significant distance downstream from the referenced tree line.
The Mitigation Plan for Hanging Rock Creek included construction of a C4 type channel,
including the use of j-hooks or single rock vanes within the meander bends. Additionally, root
wad complexes were planned for the apex of meander bends with the addition of cover logs for
habitat. Cross veins were included between glides and riffles for grade control. The restoration
approach for the unnamed tributary primarily involved improving stream dimension and creating
a bankfull bench to provide access to the floodplain. Riparian buffer restoration through planting
of native herbaceous and woody vegetation was included for both the mainstem and the unnamed
tributary. Additionally, three ford crossings on Hanging Rock Creek and two on the unnamed
Hanging Rock Creek Final 3 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
tributary were proposed. The Mitigation Plan indicated that one or more of the crossings on
Hanging Rock Creek may be converted to a footbridge. Currently, the project site includes a
footbridge on Hanging Rock Creek and a wooden bridge on the unnamed tributary. The
completed restoration included approximately 2,739 linear feet of stream restoration and 9.8
acres of riparian re-vegetation (Table la and lb).
Table Ia. Project Components
Hanging Rock Creek / Project No. 165
Project Footage
Existing Restoration Buffer
Component Approach or Stationing BMP Elements Comment
Feet Level Acres
or Reach ID Acreage
Reach I R Pl 2,499 if 0+00-24+99 Included riparian re-
98 e ation
Reach lI -Trib R 2401f 0+00 - 02+40 r
ded riparian re-
ation
- Intormation unavailable.
Table lb. Component Summations
Hanging Rock Creek / Project No. 165
Restoration
Level Stream
(if) Riparian Wetland
(Ac) Non-
Rip Upland
(Ac) Buffer
(Ac)
BMP
Riverine Non-
Riverine
Restoration 2,739
Enhancement
Enhancement I
Enhancement II
Creation
Preservation
HQ Preservation
0 0
Totals 2,739 0 0 0 9.8 0
Non-Applicable
2.3 Location and Setting
Hanging Rock Creek and the unnamed tributary are located in Avery County, North Carolina
within the Watauga River Basin. The project is located within Cataloging Unit (USGS 8-digit
Hydrologic Unit) 06010103 and the NCDWQ sub-basin 8-22-5. The project site is located 0.8
miles southeast of downtown Banner Elk (Figure 1).
The headwaters of Hanging Rock Creek originate along the Avery and Watauga County line and
drain west to the project site. The drainage area for Hanging Rock Creek is 3.0 square-miles and
consists of a mix of pasture, forest, and low-density development. The unnamed tributary has a
drainage area of 0.26 square-miles with current land use including pasture, forest, and low-
density development.
Hanging Rock Creek Final 4 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
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Restoration Site
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Directions: From Banner Elk, take NC Hwy 184 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000
Feet
East for approximately 0.8 miles. Approximately Avery County, North Carolina
160 feet south of Dobbins Road, an unimproved
road accesses the project site on the left May 2009 7.5 Minute Series Elk Park &
immediately after crossing Hanging Rock Creek. y Valle Crucis Quadrangles
2.4 Project History and Background
The NCDOT in consultation with Buck Engineering completed the Mitigation Plan for the
Hanging Rock Creek project in November 2001. Stream restoration construction was completed
in September 2003 with final riparian re-vegetation completed in the spring of 2004. In
September of 2004 the remnants of Hurricanes Frances and Ivan caused stream bank erosion and
structure damage. Structural maintenance and bank re-vegetation were completed prior to the
Baseline / Year 1 monitoring effort (MY 1) in 2004.
The project activity and reporting history from 2001 to 2008 is presented in Table 2. Project
personnel and contact information for the design and monitoring components are presented in
Table 3. Table 4 presents background information for the project site and the reference sites
utilized for design.
Table 2. Project Activity and Reporting History
Hanging Rock Creek / Project No. 165

Activity or Report Data
Collection
Complete Actual
Completion or
Delivery
Mitigation / Restoration Plan * June 2001 Nov 2001
Final Design - 90% - -
Construction N/A Se 2003
Temporary S&E Mix Applied to Project Area N/A Se 2003
Live Stakes and Bare Root Trees Planted N/A Spring 2004
Structural maintenance Streambank repair and reve etation N/A 2004
Baseline / Year 1 Monitoring Oct 2004 March 2005
Year 2 Monitoring Se 2005 Aril 2006
Year 3 Monitoring Dec 2006 Aril 2007
Year 4 Monitoring Dec 2007 Aril 2008
Year 5 Monitoring Oct 2008 May 2009
* The 2001 Report is titled as a Mitigation Plan.
Information unavailable.
N/A - Item does not apply.
Hanging Rock Creek Final 6 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
Table 3. Project Contacts
Hanging Rock Creek / Project No. 165
Designer Buck Engineering (Michael Baker Corporation)
8000 Regency Parkway, Suite 200
Cary, North Carolina 27518
Primar Project Design POC William A. Harmon 919 463-5488
Construction Contractor North State Environmental
2889 Lowery Street
Winston-Salem, NC 27101
Primary Project Design POC Darrell T. Westmoreland 336 725-2010
Planting Contractor Unknown
Planting Contractor POC Unknown
Seeding Contractor Unknown
Seeding Contractor POC Unknown
Seed Mix Sources Unknown
Nursery Stock Suppliers Unknown
Monitoring Performers (Y1) - 2004 Mulkey Engineers and Consultants
Office Location Unknown
Stream Monitoring POC Unknown
Vegetation Monitoring POC Unknown
Monitoring Performers (Y2) - 2005 Ecologic Associates, P.C.
4321-A South Elm-Eugene
Greensboro, NC 27406
Stream Monitoring POC Kyle Hoover [phone]
Vegetation Monitoring POC Moni Bates 336 335-1108
Monitoring Performers (Y3) - 2006 MACTEC Engineering and Consulting, Inc.
3301 Atlantic Avenue
Raleigh, North Carolina 27604
Stream Monitoring POC Richard Harmon [phone]
Vegetation Monitoring POC Lori Saal 919 876-0416
Monitoring Performers (Y4)- 2007 MACTEC Engineering and Consulting, Inc.
3301 Atlantic Avenue
Raleigh, North Carolina 27604
Stream Monitoring POC Richard Harmon [phone]
Ve etation Monitoring POC Jim Cutler 336 294-4221
Monitoring Performers (Y5)- 2008 Equinox Environmental Consultation & Design, Inc.
37 Haywood Street, Suite 100
Asheville, North Carolina 28801
Stream Monitoring POC Steve Melton [phone]
Ve etation Monitoring POC Sarah Marcinko 828 253-6856
Unknown - Information was unknown at time of report submittal.
Hanging Rock Creek Final 7 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
Table 4. Project Background
Hanging Rock Creek / Project No. 165
Project Count Ave
Drainage Area Hanging Rock Creek - 3.0 square miles
Unnamed Tributary - 0.26 square miles
Drainage Impervious Cover Estimate (%) Hanging Rock Creek <3%
Unnamed Tributary <3%
Stream Order Hanging Rock Creek - 3`d order
Unnamed Tributary - 15` order
Ph sio ra hic Region Blue Ridge
Ecore ion High Mountain (66i
Rosgen Classification of As-built Hanging Rock Creek - C4
Unnamed Tributary - E4
Cowardin Classification N/A
Dominant Soil Types Hanging Rock Creek - Cullowhee
Unnamed Tributary - Cullowhee
Reference Site ID Hanging Rock Creek - North Fork New River
Unnamed Tributary - Mill Branch (Sur County)
USGS HUC Hanging Rock & Unnamed Tributary - 06010103
North Fork New River - 05050001
Mill Branch - 03040101
NCDWQ Sub-basin Hanging Rock & Unnamed Tributary 8-22-5
North Fork New River 10-2-[1]
Mill Branch - Unknown
NCDWQ Classification Hanging Rock Creek - C Tr
North Fork New River - C Tr +
Mill Branch - Unknown
An Portion of Project Segment 303d Listed No
An Portion of Project Segment Upstream of a 303d No
Reasons for 303d Listing or Stressor N/A
% of Project Easement Fenced 50% one side
unxnown - rmormanon was unKnown at time of report submittal.
N/A - Item does not apply.
2.5 Monitoring Plan View
See Figure 2 - Monitoring Plan View.
Hanging Rock Creek Final 8 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
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3.0 Project Condition and Monitoring Results
The MY 5 vegetation and stream data collection occurred between June and September 2008.
The constraints and results of the vegetation and stream assessment are discussed in the
following sections and referenced figures and tables.
3.1 Vegetation Assessment
Vegetation monitoring conducted on August 1, 2008 indicated that the project does not
successfully meet the established criteria for planted stem density, which is a minimal survival of
260 stems per acre at the end of Year 5. Average stem density for planted stems in MY 5 was
approximately 222 stems per acre. However, when planted and natural stems are combined the
average stem density was 455 stems per acre, which is well above the minimum criteria.
In general, the low planted stem density observed is likely due to soil compaction during
construction, extensive loss of vegetation cover as a result of unauthorized mowing between MY
3 and MY 4, chronic drought, competition from invasive exotic species, and, to a lesser extent,
stem damage due to beaver activity. Unauthorized mowing in 2007 impacted vegetation
monitoring plots 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 8 which has likely been a contributing factor associated with
the site not meeting established criteria. The species most negatively affected by these stressors
include Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis var. occidentalis), Black walnut (Juglans nigra), and
Sweet birch (Betula lenta var. lenta).
While the average stem density was not explicitly stated in the MY 4 monitoring report, Equinox
calculated an approximately 26% increase in planted stem density (±176 stems/acre) between
MY 4 and MY 5. This increase is principally attributed to the accounting in MY 5 of natural
stems and five additional species that were not counted in MY 4 (NCEEP 2007). These species
included Silky dogwood (Corpus amomum), Buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis), Black
willow (Salix nigra), Black cherry (Prunus serotina var. serotina), and Northern maleberry
(Lyonia ligustrina var. ligustrina). Taxonomic nomenclature follows Weakley (2008).
Due to differences in monitoring methodologies between MY 4 and MY 5, several assumptions
and modifications were made in MY 5. First, plot corners previously marked with PVC pipe
were re-established as the plot origin. Reference photographs were taken at the origin facing the
opposite diagonal corner and GPS coordinates were taken. For each plot, x and y coordinates
and other required data were recorded for all stems in accordance with the CVS-EEP Protocol
(Lee et al. 2006). Second, several different colors of flagging tape were previously used to mark
plant stems, but the significance of the colors was unknown. Plant stems marked with red and
white flagging were, on average, well-established, larger caliper trees and were therefore
assumed to be planted. These were re-marked with pink flagging and all previous flagging was
left in place. Plant stems previously marked with blue and white flagging were, on average,
shorter, smaller caliper trees and were assumed to be natural stems. In addition, several of these
unmarked stems were re-sprouting from damaged stems and were denoted in MY 5 with blue
flagging tape. Any previously un-marked stems that occurred in the plot were flagged with
orange and black tape and were assumed to be new recruits since the past monitoring year.
See Appendix A for vegetation data tables.
Hanging Rock Creek Final 10 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
3.1.1 Vegetation Problem Areas
Vegetation problem areas identified in MY 5 included bare bench and floodplain areas as well as
some invasive/exotic species throughout the easement area (Appendix A - Table A6).
Vegetative growth at two stream bench locations was stunted and appeared to be related to poor
soil substrate. The bare floodplain areas were the result of unauthorized mowing outside hiking
paths sanctioned in the easement. NCDOT and NCEEP readdressed these restrictions with
adjacent landowners in 2007. Based on the MY 4 Current Condition Plan View (NCEEP 2007),
the extent of mowed hiking trails had been minimized in MY 5.
3.1.2 Vegetation Problem Area Plan View
See Appendix D - Integrated Current Condition Plan View.
3.2 Stream Assessment
3.2.1 Morphometric Criteria
Morphological assessments of the Hanging Rock Creek and unnamed tributary reaches were
conducted on September 4 and 18, 2008. Longitudinal profiles were surveyed for the entire
project reach on both Hanging Rock Creek and the tributary. Cross-sectional data were collected
for six locations on Hanging Rock Creek and one on the tributary. Wetted perimeter pebble
counts were conducted at cross-section locations on both reaches.
Due to discrepancies in annual monitoring plan views and the loss of cross-section 6 between
MY 2 and MY 3, cross-section nomenclature and locations have altered over the course of the
annual monitoring efforts. Based on NCEEP guidance, the original MY 1 cross-section
identification numbers (NCEEP 2005) were used for the 2008 monitoring. Additionally, all
previous data collected were corrected to reference the MYl cross section nomenclature.
Differences in bankfull elevation calls between years resulted in what appeared to be
morphological variability. Bankfull elevations as determined in 2008 were applied to all
previous monitoring data sets and dimension computations were recalculated.
With the exception of some minor cross-section dimensional changes along the mainstem, the
morphologic data collected in MY 5 indicated similar results from previous monitoring years,
indicating that bed form has remained within the variability and sensitivity tolerances expected.
Bed form and cross sectional area for the unnamed tributary have varied between monitoring
years. Bed form changes appeared to be a result of annual differences in sediment inputs from
upstream landuse practices and transport capacity. The significant change in cross-sectional area
between MY 4 and MY 5 for the tributary reach is likely attributed to the MY 4 data collected at
a different angle than previous years.
3.2.2 Hydrologic Criteria
Hydrologic data to document bankfull events during MY 5 incorporated the existing crest gauge
and documentation of wrack lines within the floodplain area (Table 5). Evidence of two bankfull
events was documented during the 2008 monitoring period. Old wrack lines within the bankfull
bench were identified during the initial site visit on June 25, 2008. These old wrack lines were
likely the result of a flow event that occurred on March 4 and 5, 2008. On these two days flows
Hanging Rock Creek Final 11 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) stream gage on the Watauga River near Sugar Grove, NC
(Station # 03479000) registered 7,950 cubic feet per second (cfs) and 4,780 cfs, respectively.
The crest gauge was checked on September 4, 2008 and indicated an additional bankfull event
had occurred. This event was likely the result of an event that registered 2,060 cfs on August 27,
2008 at the Sugar Grove gage.
Table 5. Verification of Bankfull Events
Hanging Rock Creek / Project No. 165
Date of Data
Collection Date of
Occurrence Method Photo #
(if available)
2004 August 2004 USGS Gage Station 03479000
2004 August 2004 USGS Gage Station 03479000
2004 August 2004 USGS Gage Station 03479000
April 2007 1/14/2005 USGS Gage Station 03479000
April 2007 11/29/2005 USGS Gage Station 03479000
April 2007 1/18/2006 USGS Gage Station 03479000
April 2007 11/16/2006 USGS Gage Station 03479000
6/25/2008 3/4/2008 Wrack lines
9/4/2008 8/27/2008 Crest Gauge
3.2.3 Bank Stability Assessments
A comprehensive pre-construction Bank Erosion Hazard Index (BEHI) was not performed on
this site and therefore does not provide a pre=construction baseline for meaningful comparison.
3.2.4 Current Condition Plan View
See Appendix D - Integrated Current Condition Plan View.
3.2.5 Stream Problem Areas
The majority of the stream problem areas identified during the MY 5 visual assessment had been
identified during previous monitoring years. Problem areas were primarily associated with
stressed or failing engineered structures, which have resulted in areas of bank erosion and stream
aggradation. These local instances of bank scour and structural problems appear to have
occurred earlier in the project history before the onset of vegetation and may be related to the
large stream flow events in 2004. Based on discussions with NCEEP it is unlikely that these
areas have advanced appreciably over the five year monitoring period. Minimal evidence of
beaver activity was identified during the initial site assessment in June. However, during the
final site assessment in September beaver activity had increased and consisted of two beaver
dams on Hanging Rock Creek and one on the unnamed tributary. The beaver dams have resulted
in an increase of fining over the upstream riffle reaches on both Hanging Rock Creek and the
tributary. Table B 1 in Appendix B provides categorical feature issues by station, the suspected
cause, and denotes the number of a representative photo.
3.2.6 Numbered Issue Photos
See Appendix B for photo examples of stream problem areas.
Hanging Rock Creek Final 12 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
3.2.7 Fixed Station Photos
See Appendix B for fixed photo station photos.
3.2.8 Stream Stability Assessment
A visual stability assessment was conducted for both the Hanging Rock Creek reach and the
tributary reach during the initial site assessment on June 25, 2008 and again on September 23,
2008. While the 2008 visual morphological stability tables illustrate significant declines in
performance for some feature categories, this change from previous monitoring years may be
associated with data compilation discrepancies in prior reports as well as visual assessment
thresholds between monitoring performers rather than a sudden shift in stream stability.
Additionally, there were discrepancies between the numbers of structures and root wads assessed
in previous years as compared to those presented in the plan views for those years. The MY 5
structure and root wad assessment was based on field verification of those structures presented in
previous monitoring reports.
The primary issues identified on the mainstem involved scour associated with structures and root
wads. Scour and structure problems along the mainstem appear to have occurred early on in the
project history prior to vegetation establishment and do not appear to have appreciably during the
five year monitoring efforts. Riffle and pool impacts associated with sediment deposition
comprised the primary concerns on the unnamed tributary. However, all other performance
percentage metric means ranged from 88 to 100% on the mainstem and 80 to 100% on the
unnamed tributary.
Data collected during the visual stability assessment for Hanging Rock Creek and the tributary
reaches are included in Table 6 below and in Appendix B - Table B.2. Table 6 below provides
the categorical stream feature summary for MY 2 through MY 5.
Table 6. Categorical Stream Feature Visual Stability Assessment
Hanging Rock Creek / Project No. 165
Han in Rock Creek Reach 1
Feature Initial MY-01 MY-02* MY-03* MY-04* MY-05
A. Riffles - - 100% 100% 100% 95%
B. Pools - - 98% 98% 100% 90%
C. Thalwe - - 100% 100% 100% 100%
D. Meanders - - 100% 100% 100% 88%
E. Bed General - - 100% 100% 100% 97%
F. Bank Condition - - 100% 100% 100% 93%
G. Vanes / J Hooks etc. - - 100% 100% 100% 79%
H. Wads and Boulders - - 100% 100% 100% 75%
*Percentages not representative based on information contained within the reports.
- Information unavailable.
Hanging Rock Creek Final 13 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
Table 6 Continued. Categorical Stream Feature Visual Stability Assessment
Hanging Rock Creek / Project No. 165
nnamed Tributa Reach 2
Feature Initial MY-01 MY-02* MY-03* MY-04* MY-05
A. Riffles - - 100% 100% 100% 76%
B. Pools - - 100% 100% 100% 78%
C. Thalwe - - 100% 100% 100% 100%
D. Meanders - - 100% 100% 100% 100%
E. Bed General - - 100% 100% 100% 80%
F. Bank Condition - - 100% 100% 100% 100%
G. Vanes / J Hooks etc. - - 100% 100% 100% 100%
H. Wads and Boulders - - 100% 100% 100% 100%
Tercentages not representative based on information contained within the reports.
- Information unavailable.
3.2.9 Quantitative Measures Summary
Quantitative stream monitoring data are summarized in Tables 7 and 8. As-built
geomorphological data is unavailable because of non-standard deliverables associated with
NCDOT practices prior to transfer. The associated cross-sectional, longitudinal, and substrate
assessment plots are located in Appendix B.
Hanging Rock Creek Final 14 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5

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3.3 Wetland Assessment
There was no direct wetland monitoring components for the Hanging Rock Creek Restoration
Site.
Hanging Rock Creek Final
Project No. 165
Monitoring Year 5
19 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
May 2009
4.0 Methodology
The stream monitoring methodologies utilized in 2008 were intended to replicate those employed
during previous monitoring years and are based on standard guidance and procedures documents
(Rosgen 1996 and USACOE 2003). Vegetation monitoring followed the standard CVS-EEP
Protocol for Recording Vegetation, Level I (Lee et al. 2006). Any deviations from MY 4
vegetation monitoring methodologies are stated in Section 3. 1, Vegetation Assessment.
Hanging Rock Creek Final 20 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
5.0 References
Lee, M.T; Peet, R.K.; Roberts, S.D.; and T.R. Wentworth. 2006. CVS-EEP Protocol for
Recording Vegetation. Version 4.0. http://cvs.bio.tinc.edu/methods.htm.
NCDOT 2001. Hanging Rock Creek Mitigation Plan.
NCDOT. 2005. Annual Report for 2004. Hanging Rock Creek Mitigation Site.
NCEEP. 2007. Hanging Rock Creek and Tributary Stream Restoration. Monitoring
Year 4 of 5. 2007 Annual Monitoring Report.
Rosgen, D.L. 1996. Applied River Morphology. Wildland Hydrology Books, Pagosa
Springs, CO.
USACOE 2003. Stream Mitigation Guidelines. USACOE, USEPA, NCWRC,
NCDENR-DWQ.
Weakley, A.S. 2008. Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, Georgia, northern Florida, and
surrounding areas. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU). North Carolina
Botanical Garden. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC.
Hanging Rock Creek Final 21 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
Appendix A
Hanging Rock Creek
Vegetation Data
Appendix A
Vegetation Data Tables
Table Al. Vegetation Metadata
Hanging Rock Creek / Project No. 165
Report prepared b Sarah Marcinko
Date prepared 9/16/2008 11:42
Database name cvs-ee -entrtool-v2.2.5.mdb

Database location Z:\Equinox Projects\EEP Monitoring\Hanging Rock Creek\Vegetation
Data\han in rock-2008vmd-E uinox
Computer name D 16TNK71
DESCRIPTION OF WORKSH EETS IN THIS DOCUMENT
Metadata This worksheet, which is a summary of the project and the project data.
Pro', planted The number of living planted stems per acre, excluding live stakes.
Pro' total stems The number of total stems per acre, including live stakes and natural stems.
Plots List of lots surveyed.
Vigor Frequency distribution of vigor classes.
Vigor bspecies Frequency distribution of vigor classes listed b species.

Damage List of most frequent damage classes with number of occurrences and percent of
total stems impacted b each. ,
Damage b species Damage values tallied b type for each species.
Damage b lot Damage values tallied b type for each lot.
All stems b lot andspecies Count of total living stems of each species; dead and missing stems are excluded.
PROJECT SUMMARY
Project code 165
Project name Hanging Rock Creek
Description Monitoring Year 5
River basin Watauga
Length (ft) N/A
Stream-to-edge width (ft) N/A
Area (s m) N/A
Required lots (calculated) N/A
Sampled lots 8
Table A2. Vegetation Vigor by Species
Hanging Rock Creek / Project No. 165
Species 4 3 2 1 0 Missing Unknown
Cephalanthus occidentalis 1
Corpus amomum 5
Dios ros vir iniana 7 1
Ju lans ni ra 20 1 1
Salix ni ra I
Betula lenta var. lenta 11 2 3
L onia li ustrina var. li ustrina 1
Platanus occidentalis var. occidentalis 18 14
Prunus serotina var. serotina 4
Total 9 68 18 1 3
Hanging Rock Creek Final 1 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
Appendix A
Vegetation Data Tables
Table A3. Vegetation Damage by Species
Hanging Rock Creek / Project No. 165

Species All damage
categories No
damage Other
dama a
Beaver
Drought
Insects
Mowing
Betula lenta 16 9 2 2 1 2
Ce halanthus occidentalis 1 1
Cornus amomum 5 4 1
Dios ros vir iniana 8 6 1 1
Ju lans ni ra 22 15 1 3 3
Lyonia ligustrina var.
ligustrina
1
1
Platanus occidentalis var.
occidentalis
32
11
9
12
Prunus serotina var.
serotina
4
4
Salix ni ra 1 1
Total 9 90 52 1 2 2 15 18
Table A4. Vegetation Damage by Plot
Hanging Rock Creek / Project No. 165

Plot All damage
categories No
damage Other
damage
Beaver
Drought
Insects
Mowing
00165-01-0001- ear:5 11 6 4 1
00165-01-0002- ear:5 19 13 1 2 3
00165-01-0003- ear:5 12 7 2 3
00165-01-0004- ear:5 6 4 2
00165-01-0005- ear:5 12 7 2 2 1
00165-01-0006- ear:5 10 3 4 3
00165-01-0007- ear:5 14 6 2 6
00165-01-0008- ear:5 6 6
Total 8 90 52 1 2 2 15 18
Hanging Rock Creek Final 2 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
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Appendix A
Vegetation Data Tables
Table A6. Vegetation Problem Areas
Hanging Rock Creek / Project No. 165
Feature Issue Station Numbers Suspected Cause Photo
Number
B
B
h 00+00 Poor soil substrate VPA 1
are
enc 07+50 Poor soil substrate
B
Fl
d
l
i See CCPV Unauthorized mowing VPA 2
are
oo
p
n
a See CCPV Unauthorized mowing VPA 3
Invasive / Exotic See CCPV Rosa multi flora: On site seed source VPA 4
Populations See CCPV Lolium arundinaceum: Encroachment from outside
Hanging Rock Creek Final
Project No. 165
Monitoring Year 5
Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
May 2009
Appendix A
Hanging Rock Creek Final
Project No. 165
Monitoring Year 5
Representative Vegetation Problem Area Photos
Vegetation Problem Area (VPA 1) - Bare bench
Monitoring Year 5 - June 25, 2008
Vegetation Problem Area (VPA 2) - Mowed floodplain
Monitoring Year 5 - June 25, 2008
Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
May 2009
Appendix A
Representative Vegetation Problem Area Photos
Vegetation Problem Area (VPA 4) - Rosa multiflora
Monitoring Year 5 - June 25, 2008
Hanging Rock Creek Final 6 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
Vegetation Problem Area (VPA 3) - Mowed path
Monitoring Year 5 - June 25, 2008
Appendix A
Vegetation Monitoring Plot #1
Monitoring Year 5 - August 1, 2008
Vegetation Monitoring Plot #2
Monitoring Year 5 - August 1, 2008
Vegetation Monitoring Plot Photos
Hanging Rock Creek Final 7 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
Appendix A
Vegetation Monitoring Plot #3
Vegetation Monitoring Plot #4
Monitoring Year 5 - August 1, 2008
Vegetation Monitoring Plot Photos
Hanging Rock Creek Final 8 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
Monitoring Year 5 - August 1, 2008
Appendix A
Vegetation Monitoring Plot #5
Monitoring Year 5 - August 1, 2008
Vegetation Monitoring Plot #6
Monitoring Year 5 - August 1, 2008
Vegetation Monitoring Plot Photos
Hanging Rock Creek Final 9 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
Appendix A
Hanging Rock Creek Final
Project No. 165
Monitoring Year 5
Vegetation Monitoring Plot Photos
Vegetation Monitoring Plot #7
Vegetation Monitoring Plot #8
Monitoring Year 5 - August 1, 2008
10 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
May 2009
Monitoring Year 5 - August 1, 2008
Appendix B
Hanging Rock Creek
Geomorphologic Data
Appendix B
Stream Problem Areas Data Tables
Table B1. Stream Problem Areas
Hanging Rock Creek / Project No. 165
Hanging Rock Creek / Reach 1 (2,499 feet)
Feature Issue Station
Numbers Suspected Cause Photo
Number
Aggradation / Bar Formation 00+82 Thalwe migration
01+72 Thalweg migration associated with failing structure SPA 1
06+00 Downstream beaver dam causing sediment deposition SPA 2
10+24 Thalweg migration associated with failing structure
Bank Scour 01+78 Thalweg migration associated with failing structure
02+45 Downstream structure set at high angle
03+60 Undercutting causing bank to slum
04+97 Thalweg migration associated with failing structure
07+50 Structure set at high angle
10+00 Thalwe migration associated with failing structure SPA 3
12+00 Structure set at high angle
14+10 Structure set at high angle
14+36 Structure set at high angle
14+68 Structure set at high angle
16+46 Thalwe migration associated with stressed structure
17+ Structure set at high angle
Engineered Structures 01+80 Structure slump possibly due to piping
02+60 Structure set at high angle causing back scour
03+77 Structure set at high angle causing back scour
04+87 Structure set at high angle causing back scour
05+05 Structure slum possibly due to piping
06+51 Structure slum possibly due to piping
07+44 Structure set at high angle causing back scour
07+70 Structure set at high angle causing back scour
10+11 Structure slump possibly due to piping SPA 4
12+04 Structure set at high angle causing back scour SPA 5
14+08 Structure set at high angle causing back scour
14+42 Structure set at high angle causing back scour
16+44 Structure slum possibly due to piping
17+35 Structure set at high angle causing back scour
17+45 Structure set at high angle causing back scour
17+62 Structure set at high angle causing back scour
17+98 Structure piping
20+69 Structure slum possibly due to piping
21+72 Structure slump possibly due to footer rock shift
Table B1. Stream Problem Areas
Hanging Rock Creek / Project No. 165
Unnamed Tributary / Reach 2 (240 feet)
Feature Issue Station Suspected Cause Photo
Numbers Number
A radation / Bar Formation 00+50 Downstream beaver dam causing sediment deposition SPA 6
Hanging Rock Creek Final I Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
Appendix B
Representative Stream Problem Area Photos
Stream Problem Area (SPA 1) - Beaver dam causing upstream aggradation
Monitoring Year 5 - September 18, 2008
Stream Problem Area (SPA 2) - Mid channel bar associated with failing structure
Monitoring Year 5 - June 25, 2008
Hanging Rock Creek Final 2 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
Appendix B
Representative Stream Problem Area Photos
Stream Problem Area (SPA 3) - Bank scour
Stream Problem Area (SPA 4) - Failed engineered structure
Monitoring Year 5 - June 25, 2008
Hanging Rock Creek Final
Project No. 165
Monitoring Year 5
Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
May 2009
Monitoring Year 5 - June 25, 2008
Appendix B
Representative Stream Problem Area Photos
Stream Problem Area (SPA 5) - Stressed engineered structure
Monitoring Year 5 - June 25, 2008
Stream Problem Area (SPA 6) - Mid channel bar within unnamed tributary
Monitoring Year 5 - June 25, 2008
Hanging Rock Creek Final 4 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
Appendix B
Photo Station Photo #1
Photo Station Photo #2
Monitoring Year 5 - September 23, 2008
Photo Station Photos
Hanging Rock Creek Final 5 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
Monitoring Year 5 - September 23, 2008
Appendix B
Photo Station Photo #3
Photo Station Photo #4
Monitoring Year 5 - September 23, 2008
Photo Station Photos
Hanging Rock Creek Final 6 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
Monitoring Year 5 - September 23, 2008
Appendix B
Photo Station Photo #5
Monitoring Year 5 - September 23, 2008
Photo Station Photos
Photo Station Photo #6
Monitoring Year 5 - September 23, 2008
Hanging Rock Creek Final 7 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
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Hanging Rock Creek - Cross Section #1 - Riffle
(Looking Upstream)
Monitoring Year 5 - September 4, 2008
Hanging Rock Creek Final 11 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
Hanging Rock Creek - Cross Section #1 - Riffle
(Looking Downstream)
Monitoring Year 5 - September 4, 2008
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Cross Section Plots and Photos
Hanging Rock Creek - Cross Section #2 - Pool
(Looking Downstream)
Monitoring Year 5 - September 4, 2008
Hanging Rock Creek - Cross Section #2 - Pool
(Looking Upstream)
Monitoring Year 5 - September 4, 2008
Hanging Rock Creek Final 13 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
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Cross Section Plots and Photos
Hanging Rock Creek - Cross Section #3 - Riffle
(Looking Downstream)
Monitoring Year 5 - September 4, 2008
Hanging Rock Creek - Cross Section #3 - Riffle
(Looking Upstream)
Monitoring Year 5 - September 4, 2008
Hanging Rock Creek Final 15 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
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Cross Section Plots and Photos
Hanging Rock Creek - Cross Section #4 - Pool
(Looking Downstream)
Monitoring Year 5 - September 4, 2008
Hanging Rock Creek - Cross Section #4 - Pool
(Looking Upstream)
Monitoring Year 5 - September 4, 2008
Hanging Rock Creek Final 17 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
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Cross Section Plots and Photos
Hanging Rock Creek - Cross Section #5 - Pool
(Looking Downstream)
Monitoring Year 5 - September 4, 2008
Hanging Rock Creek - Cross Section #5 - Pool
(Looking Upstream)
Monitoring Year 5 - September 4, 2008
Hanging Rock Creek Final 19 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
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Appendix B
Cross Section Plots and Photos
Hanging Rock Creek - Cross Section #7 - Riffle
(Looking Upstream)
Monitoring Year 5 - September 18, 2008
Hanging Rock Creek Final 21 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
Hanging Rock Creek - Cross Section #7 - Riffle
(Looking Downstream)
Monitoring Year 5 - September 18, 2008
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Cross Section Plots and Photos
Hanging Rock Creek - Cross Section #8 - Run
(Looking Downstream)
Monitoring Year 5 - September 4, 2008
Hanging Rock Creek - Cross Section #8 - Run
(Looking Upstream)
Monitoring Year 5 - September 4, 2008
Hanging Rock Creek Final 23 Equinox Environmental Consultation and Design, Inc.
Project No. 165 May 2009
Monitoring Year 5
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Hanging Ro,
Wetland
Applicable)
Appendix D
Hanging Rock Creek
Integrated Current Condition Plan View
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