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STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
MICHAEL F. EASLEY LYNDo TIPPETT
GOVERNOR SECRETARY
March 19, 2004
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Raleigh Field Office
6508 Falls of the Neuse Road
Suite 120
Raleigh, NC 27615 0404
Attention: Mr. John Thomas
NCDOT Coordinator
Dear Sir:
Subject: Nationwide Permit 23 and 33 Application for the proposed replacement of
Bridge No. 174 over Cane Creek on SR 1958 in Orange County, Federal Aid
Project No. BRZ-1958(1), State Project No. 8.2502001, WBS Element:
33325.1.1, TIP B-3885
Please find enclosed copies of the Categorical Exclusion (CE) Document, Pre-construction
Notification, permit drawings and `/2 size plans for the above referenced project. We propose
to replace Bridge No. 174 over Cane Creek with a new 3 span pre-stressed concrete girder
bridge. The total length of the bridge will be 160 feet and will be built at the same location
as the existing bridge. The bridge will have a 22-foot travel way and 3-foot offsets on each
side. There will be no permanent impacts to jurisdictional waters of the United States. There
will be 0.02 acres of temporary impacts to the surface waters from the temporary causeway.
Traffic will be detoured along SR 1972 and NC 54 during construction.
IMPACTS TO WATERS OF THE UNITED STATES
General Description: The project's bridge site is located over Cane Creek approximately
three miles below the Cane Creek Reservoir and two miles above the confluence of the Haw
River. Cane Creek is located in the Cape Fear River Basin (CPF04 sub-basin) and has a
Division of Water Quality (DWQ) Best Usage classification of "C-NSW". The "C"
MAILING ADDRESS:
NC DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
PROJECT DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
1598 MAIL SERVICE CENTER
RALEIGH NC 27899-1598
TELEPHONE: [phone]
FAX: [phone]
WEBSITE: WWW.NCDOT.ORG
LOCATION:
2728 CAPITAL BLVD
PLB SUITE 188
RALEIGH NC 27804

classification denotes waters protected for secondary recreation, fishing, wildlife, fish and
aquatic life propagation and agriculture. The supplemental classification of NSW (nutrient
sensitive waters) is necessary for this surface water because of the likelihood of nuisance
microscopic or macroscopic growth of vegetation. This stream, like many other Carolina
Slate Belt streams is prone to low flow conditions during the summer so flows may be
extremely restricted during dry seasons.
Temporary Impacts: The project will result in temporary impacts of 0.02 acres of fill to
surface waters. The fill will be the result of a temporary causeway next to the existing bents
installed for bridge construction.
• Schedule: All steps will be taken to minimize stream impacts for Cane Creek.
NCDOT will request the contractor to complete construction in a timely manner.
The project schedule calls for a Let date of June 15, 2004 with a date of
availability of July 19, 2004.
• Restoration Plan: The material used for installation of the temporary causeway
within the surface waters of Cane Creek will be removed after its purpose has
been served. The temporary approach associated with the causeway is expected to
recover naturally, since the natural streambed and plant material will not be
dramatically impacted.
Removal and Disposal Plan: After the causeways are no longer needed, the
contractor will use excavating equipment to remove all materials. All causeway
material will become the property of the contractor. The contractor will be
required to submit a reclamation plan for removal of and disposal of all material
off-site. The entire causeway footprint shall be returned to the original contours
and elevations.
BRIDGE DEMOLITION
Bridge No. 174 was constructed in 1954. The bridge contains six spans totaling 121 ft in
length. The bridge superstructure consists of a timber deck with timber joists and steel
beams. The end bents and three interior bents consist of timber caps, posts and sills. The
remaining two interior bents are composed of mass concrete. The superstructure, timber end
bents and timber interior bents will be removed without dropping any of their components
into Waters of the United States. The temporary causeway will be extended over the surface
water and concrete components from the bridge demolition will not enter the water.

FEDERALLY PROTECTED SPECIES
Plants and animals with federal classifications of Endangered, Threatened, Proposed
Endangered and Proposed Threatened are protected under provisions of Section 7 of the
Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended. As of February 25, 2003, the U. S. Fish and
Wildlife Service (USFWS) lists five federally protected species for Orange county. See table
below.
Table 2. Federallv-Protected Species for Orange County
Scientific Name Common Name Status Biological
Conclusion
Picoides borealis red-cockaded woodpecker Endangered No Effect
Alasmidonta heterodon dwarf wed emussel Endangered No Effect
Echinacea laevigata smooth coneflower Endangered * May affect, but not
likely to adversely
affect
Isotria medeoloides small-whorled o onia Threatened * No Effect
Rhus michauxii Michaux's sumac Endangered May affect, but not
likely to adversely
affect
Threatened species are species that are likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future
throughout all or a significant portion of its range.
Endangered is defined as a species that is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its
range.
"*" denotes no specimen from Orange County found in the past twenty years.
Potential habitat for Michaux's sumac and smooth coneflower is present in the project area.
However NCDOT biologists did not observe any specimens of Michaux's sumac or
coneflower during surveys conducted on August 27, 2001 and October 15, 2003. The US
Fish and Wildlife Service (in a letter dated November 10, 2003) has concurred with these
findings. A copy of the concurrence letter is attached for your convenience.
REGULATORY APPROVALS
Section 404 Permit: It is anticipated that the temporary causeway will be authorized under
Section 404 Nationwide Permit 33. We are therefore requesting the issuance of a Nationwide
Permit 33 for the installation of the temporary causeway. This project is being processed by
the Federal Highway Administration as a "Categorical Exclusion" in accordance with 23
CFR 771.115(b). The NCDOT requests that these activities be authorized by a Nationwide
Permit 23 (FR number 10, pages 2020-2095; January 15, 2002).
Section 401 Permit: We anticipate 401 General Certification numbers 3403 and 3366 will
apply to this project. In accordance with 15A NCAC 2H, Section .0500(a) and 15A NCAC
213.0200 we are providing two copies of this application to the North Carolina Department
of Environmental and Natural Resources, Division of Water Quality, for their review.
4
Thank you for your time and assistance with this project. Please contact Carla Dagnino at
[phone] if you have any questions or need any additional information.
Sincerely,
-? Greg J. Thorpe, Ph.D
Environmental Management Director, PDEA
w/attachment
Mr. John Hennessy, Division of Water Quality
Mr. Travis Wilson (Div. 7)
Mr. Gary Jordan (Div. 7) USFWS
Mr. Greg Perfetti, P.E., Structure Design
w/o attachment
Mr. David Franklin, USACE, Wilmington
Mr. Jay Bennett, P.E., Roadway Design
Mr. Omar Sultan, Programming and TIP
Mr. Art McMillan, P.E., Highway Design
Mr. David Chang, P.E., Hydraulics
Mr. Mark Staley, Roadside Environmental
Mr. John F. Sullivan, III, FHWA
Mr. J. M. Mills, P.E. (Div. 7)
Mr. Jerry Parker (Div. 7), DEO
Mr. Joel Johnson, PDEA Project Planning Engineer

Office Use Only: nn Form Version May 2002
? 1 _r U
USACE Action ID No. DWQ No.
(If any particular item is not applicable to this project, please enter "Not Applicable" or "N/A".)
I. Processing
1. Check all of the approval(s) requested for this project:
® Section 404 Permit ? Riparian or Watershed Buffer Rules
? Section 10 Permit ? Isolated Wetland Permit from DWQ
? 401 Water Quality Certification
2. Nationwide, Regional or General Permit Number(s) Requested: NW23, NW33.
3. If this notification is solely a courtesy copy because written approval for the 401 Certification
is not required, check here:
4. If payment into the North Carolina Wetlands Restoration Program (NCWRP) is proposed for
mitigation of impacts (verify availability with NCWRP prior to submittal of PCN), complete
section VIII and check here: ?
5. If your project is located in any of North Carolina's twenty coastal counties (listed on page
4), and the project is within a North Carolina Division of Coastal Management Area of
Environmental Concern (see the top of page 2 for further details), check here: ?
II. Applicant Information
1. Owner/Applicant Information
Name: NC Department of Transportation
Mailing Address: 1548 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1548
Telephone Number: (919)-733-3141 Fax Number: (919)-715-1501
E-mail Address:
2. Agent/Consultant Information (A signed and dated copy of the Agent Authorization letter
must be attached if the Agent has signatory authority for the owner/applicant.)
Name: NA
Company Affiliation:
Mailing Address:
Telephone Number:
E-mail Address:
Fax Number:
Page 5 of 12
.) 0
III. Project Information
Attach a vicinity map clearly showing the location of the property with respect to local
landmarks such as towns, rivers, and roads. Also provide a detailed site plan showing property
boundaries and development plans in relation to surrounding properties. Both the vicinity map
and site plan must include a scale and north arrow. The specific footprints of all buildings,
impervious surfaces, or other facilities must be included. If possible, the maps and plans should
include the appropriate USGS Topographic Quad Map and NRCS Soil Survey with the property
boundaries outlined. Plan drawings, or other maps may be included at the applicant's discretion,
so long as the property is clearly defined. For administrative and distribution purposes, the
USACE requires information to be submitted on sheets no larger than 11 by 17-inch format;
however, DWQ may accept paperwork of any size. DWQ prefers full-size construction
drawings rather than a sequential sheet version of the full-size plans. If full-size plans are
reduced to a small scale such that the final version is illegible, the applicant will be informed that
the project has been placed on hold until decipherable maps are provided.
1. Name of project: Replacement of Bridge No. 174 on SR 1958 Over Cane Creek
2. T.I.P. Project Number or State Project Number (NCDOT Only): B-3885
3. Property Identification Number (Tax PIN): N/A
4. Location
County: Orange Nearest Town: Carrboro
Subdivision name (include phase/lot number): N/A
Directions to site (include road numbers, landmarks, etc.): Orange County - From Carrboro
take 54 west for approximately 6 miles until you reach SR 1958. Go left onto SR 1958 and
travel approximately 3 miles until you reach the bridge.
5. Site coordinates, if available (UTM or Lat/Long): 79.258/35.928
(Note - If project is linear, such as a road or utility line, attach a sheet that separately lists the
coordinates for each crossing of a distinct waterbody.)
6. Property size (acres): 800' x 80' = 64000sq'= 1.47 acres
7. Nearest body of water (stream/river/sound/ocean/lake): Cane Creek
8. River Basin: Cape Fear River Basin
(Note - this must be one of North Carolina's seventeen designated major river basins. The
River Basin map is available at httL://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/admin/maps/.)
9. Describe the existing conditions on the site and general land use in the vicinity of the project
at the time of this application: The site is located in a rural area of North Carolina with
land comprised of forest, row crops, pastures and scattered residential areas.
Page 6 of 12
4
10. Describe the overall project in detail, including the type of equipment to be used:
The project will consist of replacing the old bridge with a new 160 ft 3-span pre-stressed
concrete girder bridge. The bridge will be replaced at the existing location. The traffic will be
detoured along SR 1972 and NC 54 during construction. A temporary causeway will be
installed for construction. Construction equipment will consist of heavy duty trucks, earth
moving equipment, cranes, etc.
I I.Explain the purpose of the proposed work: The existing bridge has a sufficiency rating of
21.5 out of a possible 100. The deck and substructure of this 46-year old bridge are in poor
condition. Therefore, the bridge needs to be replaced.
IV. Prior Project History
If jurisdictional determinations and/or permits have been requested and/or obtained for this
project (including all prior phases of the same subdivision) in the past, please explain. Include
the USACE Action ID Number, DWQ Project Number, application date, and date permits and
certifications were issued or withdrawn. Provide photocopies of previously issued permits,
certifications or other useful information. Describe previously approved wetland, stream and
buffer impacts, along with associated mitigation (where applicable). If this is a NCDOT project,
list and describe permits issued for prior segments of the same T.I.P. project, along with
construction schedules.
V. Future Project Plans
Are any future permit requests anticipated for this project? If so, describe the anticipated work,
and provide justification for the exclusion of this work from the current application.
NA
VI. Proposed Impacts to Waters of the United States/Waters of the State
It is the applicant's (or agent's) responsibility to determine, delineate and map all impacts to
wetlands, open water, and stream channels associated with the project. The applicant must also
provide justification for these impacts in Section VII below. All proposed impacts, permanent
and temporary, must be listed herein, and must be clearly identifiable on an accompanying site
plan. All wetlands and waters, and all streams (intermittent and perennial) must be shown on a
delineation map, whether or not impacts are proposed to these systems. Wetland and stream
evaluation and delineation forms should be included as appropriate. Photographs may be
included at the applicant's discretion. If this proposed impact is strictly for wetland or stream
Page 7 of 12
mitigation, list and describe the impact in Section VIII below. If additional space is needed for
listing or description, please attach a separate sheet.
1. Provide a written description of the proposed impacts: The proposed impacts for this
project will be temporary fill of 0.02 acres to the 75 linear feet of surface waters due to a
temporary causeway during construction.
2. Individually list wetland impacts below:
Wetland Impact
Site Number
(indicate on ma)
Type of Impact* Area of
Impact
(acres) Located within
100-year Floodplain**
(es/no) Distance to
Nearest Stream
(linear feet)
Type of Wetland***
NA

* List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: mechanized clearing, grading, fill,
excavation, flooding, ditching/drainage, etc. For dams, separately list impacts due to both structure and flooding.
** 100-Year floodplains are identified through the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Maps
(FIRM), or FEMA-approved local floodplain maps. Maps are available through the FEMA Map Service Center at 1-800-358-9616, or
online at http://www.feina.Lov.
*** List a wetland type that best describes wetland to be impacted (e.g., freshwater/saltwater marsh, forested wetland, beaver pond,
Carolina Bay, bog, etc.) Indicate if wetland is isolated (determination of isolation to be made by USACE only).
List the total acreage (estimated) of all existing wetlands on the property: 0 acre
Total area of wetland impact proposed: 0 acre
3. Individually list all intermittent and perennial stream impacts below:
Stream Impact
Site Number
indicate on ma
Type of Impact* Length of
Impact
linear feet)
Stream Name** Average Width
of Stream
Before Impact Perennial or
Intermittent?
leasespecify)
Site 1 Temporary Fill 75 Cane Creek 26 feet Perennial

* List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: culverts and associated rip-rap,
dams (separately list impacts due to both structure and flooding), relocation (include linear feet before and after, and net loss/gain):
stabilization activities (cement wall, rip-rap, crib wall, gabions, etc.), excavation, ditching/straightening, etc. If stream relocation is
proposed, plans and profiles showing the linear footprint for both the original and relocated streams must be included.
** Stream names can be found on USGS topographic maps. If a stream has no name, list as UT (unnamed tributary) to the nearest
downstream named stream into which it flows. USGS maps are available through the USGS at 1-800-358-9616, or online at
www.uses.gov. Several intcmet sites also allow direct download and printing of USGS maps (e.g., www.topo7one.coni,
www.mZiP uest.com, etc.).
Page 8 of 12
lcY
Cumulative impacts (linear distance in feet) to all streams on site:
4. Individually list all open water impacts (including lakes, ponds, estuaries, sounds, Atlantic
Ocean and any other water of the U.S.) below:
Open Water Impact
Site Number
(indicate on ma)
Type of Impact* Area of
Impact
(acres) Name of Waterbody
(if applicable) Type of Waterbody
(lake, pond, estuary, sound,
bay, ocean, etc.)
Site I Temporary Fill 0.03 Cane Creek Stream

List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: fill, excavation, dredging,
flooding, drainage, bulkheads, etc.
5. Pond Creation
If construction of a pond is proposed, associated wetland and stream impacts should be
included above in the wetland and stream impact sections. Also, the proposed pond should
be described here and illustrated on any maps included with this application.
Pond to be created in (check all that apply): ? uplands ? stream ? wetlands
Describe the method of construction (e.g., dam/embankment, excavation, installation of
draw-down valve or spillway, etc.): NA
Proposed use or purpose of pond (e.g., livestock watering, irrigation, aesthetic, trout pond,
local stormwater requirement, etc.): NA
Size of watershed draining-to pond: NA Expected pond surface area: NA
VII. Impact Justification (Avoidance and Minimization)
Specifically describe measures taken to avoid the proposed impacts. It may be useful to provide
information related to site constraints such as topography, building ordinances, accessibility, and
financial viability of the project. The applicant may attach drawings of alternative, lower-impact
site layouts, and explain why these design options were not feasible. Also discuss how impacts
were minimized once the desired site plan was developed. If applicable, discuss construction
techniques to be followed during construction to reduce impacts.
The temnorarv causewav will be installed for bridge construction. Imnacts from the bridge
demolition (concrete bents that may fall in the water) are minimized by the length of the
causeway into the creek bed.
VIII. Mitigation
Page 9of12
DWQ - In accordance with 15A NCAC 2H :0500, mitigation may be required by the NC
Division of Water Quality for projects involving greater than or equal to one acre of impacts to
freshwater wetlands or greater than or equal to 150 linear feet of total impacts to perennial
streams.
USACE - In accordance with the Final Notice of Issuance and Modification of Nationwide
Permits, published in the Federal Register on March 9, 2000, mitigation will be required when
necessary to ensure that adverse effects to the aquatic environment are minimal. Factors
including size and type of proposed impact and function and relative value of the impacted
aquatic resource will be considered in determining acceptability of appropriate and practicable
mitigation as proposed. Examples of mitigation that may be appropriate and practicable include,
but are not limited to: reducing the size of the project; establishing and maintaining wetland
and/or upland vegetated buffers to protect open waters such as streams; and replacing losses of
aquatic resource functions and values by creating, restoring, enhancing, or preserving similar
functions and values, preferable in the same watershed.
If mitigation is required for this project, a copy of the mitigation plan must be attached in order
for USACE or DWQ to consider the application complete for processing. Any application
lacking a required mitigation plan or NCWRP concurrence shall be placed on hold as
incomplete. An applicant may also choose to review the current guidelines for stream restoration
in DWQ's Draft Technical Guide for Stream Work in North Carolina, available at
http://li2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands/strmgide.htni1.
Provide a brief description of the proposed mitigation plan. The description should provide
as much information as possible, including, but not limited to: site location (attach directions
and/or map, if offsite), affected stream and river basin, type and amount (acreage/linear feet)
of mitigation proposed (restoration, enhancement, creation, or preservation), a plan view,
preservation mechanism (e.g., deed restrictions, conservation easement, etc.), and a
description of the current site conditions and proposed method of construction. Please attach
a separate sheet if more space is needed.
NA
2. Mitigation may also be made by payment into the North Carolina Wetlands Restoration
Program (NCWRP). Please note it is the applicant's responsibility to contact the NCWRP at
[phone] to determine availability and to request written approval of mitigation prior
to submittal of a PCN. For additional information regarding the application process for the
NCWRP, check the NCWRP website at http://li2o.enr.state.ne.us/LAU/index.htm. If use of
the NCWRP is proposed, please check the appropriate box on page three and provide the
following information:
Amount of stream mitigation requested (linear feet): NA
Amount of buffer mitigation requested (square feet): NA
Amount of Riparian wetland mitigation requested (acres): NA
Amount of Non-riparian wetland mitigation requested (acres): NA
Page 10 of 12
Amount of Coastal wetland mitigation requested (acres): NA
IX. Environmental Documentation (required by DWQ)
Does the project involve an expenditure of public (federal/state) funds or the use of public
(federal/state) land?
Yes ® No ?
If yes, does the project require preparation of an environmental document pursuant to the
requirements of the National or North Carolina Environmental Policy Act (NEPA/SEPA)?
Note: If you are not sure whether a NEPA/SEPA document is required, call the SEPA
coordinator at [phone] to review current thresholds for environmental documentation.
Yes ® No ?
If yes, has the document review been finalized by the State Clearinghouse? If so, please attach a
copy of the NEPA or SEPA final approval letter.
Yes ® No ?
X. Proposed Impacts on Riparian and Watershed Buffers (required by DWQ)
It is the applicant's (or agent's) responsibility to determine, delineate and map all impacts to
required state and local buffers associated with the project. The applicant must also provide
justification for these impacts in Section VII above. All proposed impacts must be listed herein,
and must be clearly identifiable on the accompanying site plan. All buffers must be shown on a
map, whether or not impacts are proposed to the buffers. Correspondence from the DWQ
Regional Office may be included as appropriate. Photographs may also be included at the
applicant's discretion.
Will the project impact protected riparian buffers identified within 15A NCAC 213 .0233
(Meuse), 15A NCAC 213 .0259 (Tar-Pamlico), 15A NCAC 213 .0250 (Randleman Rules and
Water Supply Buffer Requirements), or other (please identify )?
Yes ? No ® If you answered "yes", provide the following information:
Identify the square feet and acreage of impact to each zone of the riparian buffers. If buffer
mitigation is required calculate the required amount of mitigation by applying the buffer
multipliers.
Zone* Impact
(square feet) Multiplier Required
Mitigation
NA

Total
Zone 1 extends out 30 feet perpendicular from near bank of channel; Zone 2 extends an
additional 20 feet from the edge of Zone 1.
Page 11 of 12

If buffer mitigation is required, please discuss what type of mitigation is proposed (i.e., Donation
of Property, Conservation Easement, Riparian Buffer Restoration / Enhancement, Preservation or
Payment into the Riparian Buffer Restoration Fund). Please attach all appropriate information as
identified within 15A NCAC 2B .0242 or .0260.
XI. Stormwater (required by DWQ)
Describe impervious acreage (both existing and proposed) versus total acreage on the site.
Discuss stormwater controls proposed in order to protect surface waters and wetlands
downstream from the property.
XII. Sewage Disposal (required by DWQ)
Clearly detail the ultimate treatment methods and disposition (non-discharge or discharge) of
wastewater generated from the proposed project, or available capacity of the subject facility.
XIII. Violations (required by DWQ)
Is this site in violation of DWQ Wetland Rules (15A NCAC 2H .0500) or any Buffer Rules?
Yes ? No
Is this an after-the-fact permit application?
Yes ? No
XIV. Other Circumstances (Optional):
It is the applicant's responsibility to submit the application sufficiently in advance of desired
construction dates to allow processing time for these permits. However, an applicant may
choose to list constraints associated with construction or sequencing that may impose limits on
work schedules (e.g., draw-down schedules for lakes, dates associated with Endangered and
Threatened Species, accessibility problems, or other issues outside of the applicant's control).
NA
Ap 'cant/Agent's Signature Date
(Agent's signature is valid only if an authorization letter from the applicant is provided.)
Page 12 of 12
. 1
United States Department of the Interior
FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
Raleigh Field Office
Post Office Box 33726
Raleigh, North Carolina 27636.3726
November 10, 2003
Brett Feulner
North Carolina Department of Transportation
Project Development and Environmental Analysis
1548 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1548
Dear Mr. Feulner:
This letter is in response to your letter of October 27, 2003 which provided the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service (Service) with the biological conclusion of the North Carolina Department of
Transportation (NCDOT) that the proposed replacement of Bridge No. 174 over Cane Creek,
Orange County, North Carolina (TIP No. B-3885) will have no effect on the federally-protected
red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis), dwarf wedgemussel (Alasmidonta heterodon) and
small-whorled pogonia (Isotria medeoloides), and may affect, but is not likely to adversely affect
smooth coneflower (Echinacea laevigata) and Michaux's sumac (Rhus nlichauxii). These
comments are provided in accordance with section 7 of the Endangered Species Act (ESA) of
1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531-1543).
Due to lack of habitat, and after a field inspection by Gary Jordan of my staff on October 30,
2003, the Service concurs that the proposed project will have no effect on the red-cockaded
woodpecker, dwarf wedgemussel and small-whorled pogonia. According to the information you
provided, a plant survey was conducted for smooth coneflower and Michaux's sumac on August
27, 2001 and October 15, 2003. No specimens of either species were observed. Due to the
negative survey results, the Service concurs that the proposed project may affect, but is not likely
to adversely affect smooth coneflower and Michaux's sumac.
We believe that the requirements of section 7 (a)(2) of the ESA have been satisfied. We remind
you that obligations under section 7 consultation must be reconsidered if. (1) new information
reveals impacts of this identified action that may affect listed species or critical habitat in a
manner not previously considered in this review; (2) this action is subsequently modified in a
manner that was not considered in this review; or (3) a new species is listed or critical habitat
determined that may be affected by this identified action.

The Service appreciates the opportunity to review this project. If you have any questions
regarding our response, please contact Mr. Gary Jordan at [phone] (Ext. 32).
Sincerely,

Garland B. Pardue, Ph.D.
Ecological Services Supervisor
cc: John Thomas, USACE, Raleigh, NC
David Franklin, USACE, Wilmington, NC
Beth Barnes, NCDWQ, Raleigh, NC
Travis Wilson, NCWRC, Creedmoor, NC
Clu-is Militscher, USEPA, Raleigh, NC
VICINITY MAP
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PROJECT: 8.2502001 (B-3885)
BRIDGE NO. 174
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ON SR
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Jay Miller 7923 Morrow Mill Road
Chapel Hill, NC 27516
James Rogers 7802 Morrow Mill Road
Chapel Hill, NC 27516-7379
Schopler Family LLC 8220 Morrow Mill Road
Chapel Hill, NC 27516
r'
Louise Rogers P 0 Bo: 882
Graham, NC 27253-0882
Ruby Rogers 7802 Morrow Mill Road
Chapel Hill, NC 27516-7589
N. C. DEPT. OF TRANSPORTATION
DIVISION OF HIGHW? A'S
ORANGE COUNTY
PROJECT: 8.2502001 (B-3885)
BRIDGE NO. 17"
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OVER CANE. CREEK
ON SR 1'>>8

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CATEGORICAL EXCLUSION ACTION CLASSIFICATION FORM
TIP Project No.
State Project No.
Federal Project No
A.
NCDOT will replace Bridge No. 174 over Cane Creek on SR 1958 in
Orange County. The new replacement structure will be a bridge approximately
140 feet (42.6 meters) in length at approximately the same location as the existing
bridge. The bridge will have a 22-foot (6.7-meter) travelway and 3-foot (9.1-
meter) offsets on each side. The roadway grade will be approximately the same as
the existing. The project length will be approximately 650 feet (198.1 meters).
Traffic will be detoured along SR 1972 and NC 54 during construction.
B.
Bridge No. 174 has a sufficiency rating of 21.5 out of 100. The bridge is
structurally deficient and functionally obsolete. The substructure is in poor
condition. The bridge is posted at 17 tons for single vehicles and 24 tons for
truck-tractor semi-trailer. For these reasons Bridge No. 174 needs to be replaced.
C
The following Type 11 improvements which apply to the project are circled:
1. Modernization of a highway by resurfacing, restoration, rehabilitation,
reconstruction, adding shoulders, or adding auxiliary lanes (e.g., parking,
weaving, turning, climbing).
a. Restoring, Resurfacing, Rehabilitating, and Reconstructing
pavement (3R and 4R improvements)
b. Widening roadway and shoulders without adding through lanes
c. Modernizing gore treatments
d. Constructing lane improvements (merge, auxiliary, and turn lanes)
e. Adding shoulder drains
f. Replacing and rehabilitating culverts, inlets, and drainage pipes,
including safety treatments
g. Providing driveway pipes
h. Performing minor bridge widening (less than one through lane)
2. Highway safety or traffic operations improvement projects including the
installation of ramp metering control devices and lighting.

a. Installing ramp metering devices
b. Installing lights
c. Adding or upgrading guardrail
d. Installing safety barriers including Jersey type barriers and pier
protection
e. Installing or replacing impact attenuators
f. Upgrading medians including adding or upgrading median barriers
g. Improving intersections including relocation and/or realignment
h. Making minor roadway realignment
i. Channelizing traffic
j. Performing clear zone safety improvements including removing
hazards and flattening slopes
k. Implementing traffic aid systems, signals, and motorist aid
1. Installing bridge safety hardware including bridge rail retrofit
03 Btidge rehabilitation, reconstruction, or replacement or the construction of
grade separation to replace existing at-grade railroad crossings.
a. Rehabilitating, reconstructing, or replacing bridge approach slabs
b. Rehabilitating or replacing bridge decks
c. Rehabilitating bridges including painting (no red lead paint), scour
repair, fender systems, and minor structural improvements
Od Replacing a bridge (structure and/or fill)
4. Transportation corridor fringe parking facilities.
5. Construction of new truck weigh stations or rest areas.
6. Approvals for disposal of excess right-of-way or for joint or limited use of
right-of-way, where the proposed use does not have significant adverse
impacts.
7. Approvals for changes in access control.
Construction of new bus storage and maintenance facilities in areas used
predominantly for industrial or transportation purposes where such
construction is not inconsistent with existing zoning and located on or near
a street with adequate capacity to handle anticipated bus and support
vehicle traffic.
9. Rehabilitation or reconstruction of existing rail and bus buildings and
ancillary facilities where only minor amounts of additional land are
required and there is not a substantial increase in the number of users.
2
10. Construction of bus transfer facilities (an open area consisting of
passenger shelters, boarding areas, kiosks and related street improvements)
when located in a commercial area or other high activity center in which
there is adequate street capacity for projected bus traffic.
D
11. Construction of rail storage and maintenance facilities in areas used
predominantly for industrial or transportation purposes where such
construction is not inconsistent with existing zoning and where there is no
significant noise impact on the surrounding community.
12. Acquisition of land for hardship or protective purposes, advance land
acquisition loans under section 3(b) of the UNIT Act. Hardship and
protective buying will be permitted only for a particular parcel or a limited
number of parcels. These types of land acquisition qualify for a CE only
where the acquisition will not limit the evaluation of alternatives,
including shifts in alignment for planned construction projects, which may
be required in the NEPA process. No project development on such land
may proceed until the NEPA process has been completed.
Environmental Commitments:
All standard procedures and measures will be implemented to avoid or
minimize environmental impacts. All practical Best Management Practices
(BMP's) will be included and properly maintained during project construction.
Estimated Cost:
Construction
Right of Way
Total
Estimated Traffic
Current
Year 2025
TTST
Dual
$ 575,000
$ 37,600
$ 612,600
- 400 VPD
700 VPD
1%
2%
Proposed Typical Roadway Section:
The approach roadway will be 22 feet wide with at least 4-foot shoulders.
Shoulder width will be increased by three feet where guardrail is warranted.
I
Design Speed:
45 mph
Functional Classification:
Rural Local
Division Office Comments:
The Division 7 Office concurs with the recommendation of replacing the
bridge in place and detouring traffic along SR 1972 and NC 54 during
construction.
E. Threshold Criteri
a
The following evaluation of threshold criteria must be completed for Type II
actions.
ECOLOGICAL y NQ
(1) Will the project have a substantial impact on any
unique or important natural resource? F1 X
(2) Does the project involve any habitat where federally
listed endangered or threatened species may occur? F-1 X
(3) Will the project affect anadromous fish?
1-1 X
(4) If the project involves wetlands, is the amount of
permanent and/or temporary wetland taking less than
one-third (1/10) acre and have all practicable measures
to avoid and minimize wetland takings been evaluated? X F
(5) Will the project require use of U. S. Forest Service lands?
R X
(6) Will the quality of adjacent water resources be adversely
impacted by proposed construction activities? F1 X
(7) Does the project involve waters classified as Outstanding Water
Resources (OWR) and/or High Quality Waters (HQW)? F-1 X
4

(8) Will the project require fill in waters of the United States
in any of the designated mountain trout counties? F-1 X
(9) Does the project involve any known underground storage
tanks (UST's) or hazardous materials sites? F-1 X
PERMITS AND COORDINATION YES. NQ
(10) If the project is located within a CAMA county, will the
project significantly affect the coastal zone and/or any
"Area of Environmental Concern" (AEC)? X
(11) Does the project involve Coastal Barrier Resources Act
resources? F] X
(12) Will a U. S. Coast Guard permit be required?
F] X
(13) Will the project result in the modification of any existing
regulatory floodway? F] X
(14) Will the project require any stream relocations or channel
changes? F-1 X
SOCI AL- ECONOMIC. AND CULTURAL RESOURCES US NQ
(15) Will the project induce substantial impacts to planned
-
growth or land use for the area? 1 X
F
(16) Will the project require the relocation of any family or
-
business? 1 X
F
(17) Will the project have a disproportionately high and adverse
human health and environmental effect on any minority or
low-income population? F X
(18) If the project involves the acquisition of right of way, is the
amount of right of way acquisition considered minor? X ?
(19) Will the project involve any changes in access control? F-1 X
5

(20) Will the project substantially alter the usefulness
and/or land use of adjacent property? X
(21) Will the project have an adverse effect on permanent
local traffic patterns or community cohesiveness? X
(22) Is the project included in an approved thoroughfare plan
and/ or Transportation Improvement Program (and is,
therefore, in conformance with the Clean Air Act of 1990)? X F]
(23) Is the project anticipated to cause an increase in traffic
-
volumes? 1 X
1
(24) Will traffic be maintained during construction using existing
roads
staged construction
or on-site detours?
X
,
,
(25) If the project is a bridge replacement project, will the bridge
be replaced at its existing location (along the existing facility) X
and will all construction proposed in association with the
bridge replacement project be contained on the existing facility?
(26) Is there substantial controversy on social, economic and
-
environmental grounds concerning aspects of the action? 1 X
F
(27) Is the project consistent with all Federal, State, and local laws
relating to the environmental aspects of the project? X F
(28) Will the project have an "effect" on structures/properties
eligible for or listed on the National Register of Historic Places? X
(29) Will the project affect any archaeological remains which are

important to history or pre-history? a
X
(30) Will the project require the use of Section 4(f) resources
(public parks, recreation lands, wildlife and waterfowl refuges,
historic sites or historic bridges, as defined in Section 4(f)
of the U. S. Department of Transportation Act of 1966)?
(31) Will the project result in any conversion of assisted public
recreation sites or facilities to non-recreation uses, as defined
by Section 6(f) of the Land and Water Conservation Act
of 1965, as amended?
?x
F] X
6
(32) Will the project involve construction in, across, or adjacent
to a river designated as a component of or proposed for
inclusion in the natural Wild and Scenic Rivers? ? X
F. Additional Documentation Required for Unfavorable Responses in Part E
(Discussion regarding all unfavorable responses in Part E should be provided
below. Additional supporting documentation may be attached, as necessary.)
G. CE Approval
TIP Project No. B-3885
State Project No. 8.2502001
Federal-Aid Project No. BR7-1958(1)
The purpose of this project is to replace Bridge No. 174 over Cane Creek on SR
1958 in Orange County. The new replacement structure will be a bridge approximately
140 feet (42.6 meters) in length at approximately the same location as the existing bridge.
The bridge will have a 22-foot (6.7-meter) travelway and 3-foot (9.1-meter) offsets on
each side. The roadway grade will be approximately the same as the existing. The
project length will be approximately 650 feet (198 meters). Traffic will be detoured
along SR 1972 and NC 54 during construction.
X_TYPE II(A)
TYPE II(B)
Approved:
2-4-02
Date Lubin V. Prevatt, Assistant Manager
Project Development and Environmental Analysis Branch
L31-6-
Date William T. Goodwin Jr., P.E., Uni ead
Bridge Replacement Planning Unit
/ -J/- 0 L 6;?? (??
Date el A. Johnson
Project Development Engineer

1115
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Detour Route
North Carolina
Department of Transportation
Division of Highways
Project Development &
Environmental Analysis Branch

Orange County
Replace Bridge No. 174 on SR 1958
Over Cane Creek
B-3885
SCALE: 1 in = 1 mi Figure 1
(North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources
State Historic Preservation Office
David L. S. Brook, Administrator
Michael F. Easley, Governor
Lisbeth C. Evans, Secretary
October 8, 2001
MEMORANDUM
TO: Mary Pope Furr
Project Development and Environmental Analysis Branch
Division of Highways
Department of Transportation
FROM: David Brook
SUBJECT: Replace Bridge 174 on SR 1958 over Cane Creek,
B-3885, Orange County, ER 02-7297
Division of Archives and History
Jeffrey J. Crow, Director
Thank you for your letter of August 6, 2001, transmitting the Historic Architectural Resources Survey
Report for the above referenced undertaking. We have reviewed the report and concur that there are no
National Register-listed or eligible properties within the project§ area of potential effect.
The above comments are made pursuant to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and
the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation's Regulations for Compliance with Section 106 codified
at 36 CFR Part 800.
Thank you for your cooperation and consideration. If you have questions concerning the above
comment, contact Renee Gledhill-Earley, Environmental Review Coordinator, at 919/733-4763.
DB:kgc
cc: William Gilmore
Location Mailing Address Telephone/Fax
Administration 507 N. Blount St, Raleigh. NC 4617 Mail Service Center, Raleigh 276994617 (919) 7334763 -733-8653
Restoration 515 N. Blount St. Raleigh, NC 4613 Mail Service Center, Raleigh 276994613 [phone] -715-4801
Survey & Planning 515 N. Blount St. Raleigh, NC 4618 Mail Service Center. Raleigh 27699-4618 (919) 7334763 -7154801
Federal Aid # BRZ-1958(1) TIP # B-3885 County: Oran e
CONCURRENCE FORM FOR PROPERTIES NOT ELIGIBLE FOR
THE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
Project Description: Replace Bridge No 174 on SR 1958 over Cane Creek
On 2 August 2001 representatives of the
® North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT)
® Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
® North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO)
F1 Other
reviewed the subject project at
Scoping meeting
® Historic architectural resources photograph review session/consultation
Other
All parties present agreed
there are no properties over fifty years old within the project's area of potential effects.
® there are no properties less than fifty years old which are considered to meet Criteria Consideration G
within the project's area of potential effects.
® there are properties over fifty years old within the project's Area of Potential Effects (APE), but based
on the historical information available and the photographs of each property, the property identified
as Property #2: Bridge No. 174 is considered not eligible for the National Register and no further
evaluation of it is necessary.
(Note: Property #1, Morrow Mill, to be evaluated in a Phase 11 report and submitted to HPO)
® there are no National Register-listed properties within the project's area of potential effects.
all properties greater than 50 years of age located in the APE have been considered at this consultation,
and based upon the above concurrence, all compliance for historic architecture with Section 106 of
the National Historic Preservation Act and GS 121-12(a) has been completed for this project.
Signed:
Representative, NCDOT Date
FHWA, for the Division Administrator, or other Federal Agency Date
Z
Repres ve, SHPO Date
__5z1__2 01
State Historic Preservation Officer Date
If a survey report is prepared. a final copy of this form and the attached list will be included
L ?,uf \_, Y\ -
SfATF
North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Betty Ray McCain, Secretary
January 3, 2000
MEMORANDUM
To: William D. Gilmore, P.E., Manager
Project Development and Environmental Analysis Branch
From: David Brook ?k-
Deputy State Histori'reservation Officer
Re: Replacement of Bridge No. 174 on SR 1958 over Cane Creek,
TIP No. B-3885, Orange County, ER 01-7943
Division of Archives and History
William S. Price, Jr., Director
On November 28, 2000, April Montgomery of our staff met with North Carolina Department of
Transportation (NCDOT) staff for a meeting of the minds concerning the above project. She reported
our available information on historic architectural and archaeological surveys and resources along with our
recommendations. NCDOT provided project area photographs and aerial photographs at the meeting.
Based upon our review of the photographs and the information discussed at the meeting, we offer our
preliminary comments regarding this project.
In terms of historic architectural resources we are aware of one historic structure located within the area
of potential effect:
Morrow's Mill (OR 879), on the north side of SR 1958
approximately 1600 ft from the Alamance Counts' line
We recommend that an architectural historian on your staff evaluate the above property to determine its
eligibility for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. We recommend that no historic
architectural survey be conducted for this project.
There are no known archaeological sites within the proposed project area. Based on our present
knowledge of the area, there is a high potential for prehistoric archaeological sites. We, therefore,
recommend that an archaeological survey be conducted in connection with this project.
The above comments are made pursuant to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and the
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation's Regulations for Compliance with Section 106 codified at 36
CFR Part 800.
Thank you for your cooperation and consideration. If you have any questions concerning the above
comment, contact Renee Gledhill-Earley, Environmental Review Coordinator, at 919 733-4763.
cc: M.P. Furr
109 East Jones Street • RaleiPh_ North Carolina 276171-?gn7
ti
Y tin
-? VIwM+S,
North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources
State Historic Preservation Office
David L. S. Brook, Administrator
Michael F. Easley, Governor
Lisbeth C. Evans, Secretary
April 25, 2001
MEMORANDUM
TO: William D. Gilmore, PE, Manager
NCDOT, Project Development & Environmental Analysis Branch
FROM: David Brook &o&k-,
Deputy State Hist c Preservation Officer

Division of Archives and History
Jeffrey J. Qaw,4- iFectgr
MAY
L a
RE: Archaeological Survey Report, Replacement of Bridge 174 on SR 1958, Orange Countv,
TIP No. B-3885, Federal Aid No. BRZ-1958(1), ER 01-7943
Thank you for your letter of March 7, 2001, transmitting the archaeological survey report by Paul Mohler
concerning the above project.
During the course of the survey no prehistoric or historic archaeological sites were located within the
project area. Due to the disturbed nature of the soils and the absence of cultural resources, Mr. Mohler
has recommended that no further archaeological investigation be conducted in connection with this
project. We concur with this recommendation since the project will not involve significant archaeological
resources.
The above comments are made pursuant to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and the
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation's Regulations for Compliance with Section 106 codified at 36
CFR Part 800.
Thank you for your cooperation and consideration. If you have questions concerning the above comment,
please contact Renee Gledhill-Earley, environmental review coordinator, at 919/733-4763.
DB:kgc
cc: Wadsworth, FHwA
Tom Padgett, NCDOT
Paul Mohler, NCDOT
Location Mailing Address
Administration 507 N. Blount St. Raleigh. NC 4617 Mail Service Center
Restoration 515 N. Blount St. Raleigh . NC 4613 Mail Service Center
Survey & Planning 515 N. Blount St. Raleigh. NC 4618 Mail Service Center
Raleigh 27699-4617
Raleigh 27699-4613
Raleigh 276994618
Telephone/Fax
[phone].733-8653
[phone].715-4801
[phone].715-4801

'PROJECT COMMITMENTS
Replacement of Bridge No. 174
On SR 1958 over Cane Creek
Orange County
Federal-Aid No. BRZ-1958(1)
State Project No. 8.2502001
T.I.P. No. B-3885
Commitments Developed Through ELoject Development and Design
Hydraulics Unit, Roadside Environmental Unit, Division Seven Construction
Off ce, Structure Design Unit
NCDOT will adhere to the Best Management Practices (BMPs) for "Bridge
Demolition and Removal" during the removal of Bridge No. 174.
Green Sheet
Programmatic Categorical Exclusion
January 30, 2002
Page 1 of 1
Lyyd,,. SUT(??
N
'1n
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
MICHAEL F. EASLEY
GOVERNOR
August 31, 2001
MEMORANDUM TO: Karen Orthner
Project Planning Engineer
FROM: Karen M. Lynch;`Natural Systems Specialist
Natural Systems Unit
LYNDO TIPPETT
SECRETARY
SUBJECT: Replacement of Bridge No. 174 on SR 1958 over Cane Creek,
Orange County. Federal Aid Project No. BRZ-1958(1), State
Project No. 8.2502001, TIP No. B-3885.
This report is submitted to assist in the preparation of a Programmatic Categorical
Exclusion (PCE) for the subject project. Water resources, biotic resources and
jurisdictional issues such as wetlands and federally protected species are included in this
report. A completed ecological threshold checklist for a PCE is also attached.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
This project is located in the Carolina Slate Belt ecoregion within the Piedmont
Physiographic province in central North Carolina in the southwestern corner of Orange
County. Surrounding land use is rural with land comprised of forests, row crops, pastures
and scattered residential areas. Much of the land in this area consists of gently rolling
hills.
This project involves the proposed replacement of Bridge No. 174 on SR 1958 over
Cane Creek (Figure 1) in the existing location with an off-site detour. This is the only
Alternate proposed for this project (Figure 2). The existing cross section is
approximately 18.0 ft (5.4 m) wide with an approach width of 18.0 ft. (5.4 m). The
proposed cross section is 28.0 ft (8.5 m) including two 11 ft (3.3 m) lanes and 3.0 ft (1.0
m) offsets. The existing right-of-way is assumed to be ditch line to ditch line with a
proposed right-of-way of 80.0 ft (24.4 m). Project length is approximately 650 ft (198
M).
Bridge No. 174 contains six spans totaling 121 ft (37 m) in length. The bridge
superstructure consists of a timber deck with timber joists and steel beams. The end
MAILING ADDRESS: TELEPHONE: [phone] LOCATION:
NC DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION FAX: [phone] TRANSPORTATION BUILDING
PROJECT DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS 1 SOUTH WILMINGTON STREET
1548 MAIL SERVICE CENTER WESSITE: WWWDOH.DOT.STATE.NC.US RALEIGH NC
RALEIGH NC 27699-1548

bents and three interior bents consist of timber caps, posts, and sills. The remaining two
interior bents are composed of mass concrete. The superstructure, timber end bents and
timber interior bents will be removed without dropping any of their components into
Waters of the United States. However, there is potential for components of the mass
concrete interior bents to be dropped into Waters of the United States during bridge
demolition. The resulting potential temporary fill associated with the mass concrete
interior bents is approximately 84 yd3 (77 m3).
METHODOLOGY
Information sources used in the pre-field investigation of the study area include: U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS) quadrangle maps (Saxapahaw), and NCDOT aerial
photographs of the project area (1"=100'). Water resource information was obtained from
publications of the NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of
Water Quality (NCDENR 1996) and from publications posted on the World Wide Web
(NCDENR 2001). Information concerning the occurrence of federal and state protected
species in the study area was gathered from the United States Fish and Wildlife Service
(USFWS) list of protected species and species of concern (February 26, 2001), and the
NC Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) database of rare species and unique habitats
(April 6, 2001).
General field surveys were conducted along the proposed alignment by NCDOT
biologists Karen M. Lynch and Lynn Smith on April 9, 2001. An additional field visit
was conducted on August 27, 2001 by the same biologists to review updated plans. Plant
communities and their associated wildlife were identified and recorded. Wildlife
identification involved using one or more of the following observation techniques: active
searching and capture, visual observations (binoculars) and identifying characteristic
signs of wildlife (sounds, scat, tracks and burrows). Jurisdictional wetland
determinations (if present) were performed utilizing delineation criteria prescribed in the
"Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual" (Environmental Laboratory, 1987).
QUALIFICATIONS OF INVESTIGATOR
Investigator: Karen M. Lynch, Environmental Specialist, Project Development and
Environmental Analysis Branch, NCDOT.
Education: B.S. Wildlife Biology and Fisheries, North Carolina State University, 1980.
Experience: Environmental Specialist - NC Dept. of Transportation, Nov. 1998 - present
Environmental Biologist - NCDENR- Division of Water Quality, Nov. 1984 - Nov. 1998
DEFINITIONS
Definitions for aerial descriptions used in this report are as follows: Project Study
Area denotes the area bounded by proposed ROW limits; Project Vicinity describes an
area extending 1.0 mi (1.6 km) on all sides of the project study area; and Project Region
is equivalent to an area represented by a 7.5 minute USGS quadrangle map with the
project occupying the central position.
4
WATER RESOURCES
Cane Creek [DWQ Index no. 16-27 - (7)] and an unnamed tributary (Ut) will be the
only surface waters potentially affected by the proposed project. Cane Creek and the Ut
occur within subbasin 03-06-04 of the Cape Fear River Basin and have a Division of
Water Quality (DWQ) Best Usage classification of "C-NSW". The "C" classification
denotes waters protected for secondary recreation, fishing, wildlife, fish and aquatic life
propagation and survival, agriculture and other uses suitable for "Class C" waters.
Secondary recreation involves human body contact with water where such activities take
place in an infrequent manner. The supplemental classification of "NSW" denotes
Nutrient Sensitive Waters, whereby nutrient management is necessary for surface waters
because of the likelihood of nuisance microscopic or macroscopic growth of vegetation.
The Division of Water Quality has initiated a basinwide approach to water quality
management for the 17 river basins within the state. The basinwide approach allows for
more intensive sampling of biological, chemical and physical data that can be used in
basinwide assessment and planning. Likewise, benthic macroinvertebrates are
intensively sampled for specific river basins. Benthic macroinvertebrates have proven to
be a good indicator of water quality because they are sensitive to subtle changes in water
quality, have a relatively long life cycle, are non-mobile (compared to fish) and are
extremely diverse. The overall species richness and presence of indicator organisms help
to assess the health of streams and rivers. River basins are reassessed every five years to
detect changes in water quality and to facilitate National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System (NPDES) permit review.
The project site is located approximately two miles below Cane Creek Reservoir.
One benthic sample was collected at this bridge by the DWQ during 1994 and yielded a
water quality rating of Good (nearly Excellent). Cane Creek was sampled by the DWQ
for benthic macroinvertebrates (above Cane Creek Reservoir) in the winter of 1998 and
attained a bioclassification ratings of "Good-Excellent". This stream, like many other
Carolina Slate Belt streams is prone to low flow conditions during the summer so flows
may be extremely restricted during dry seasons.
The Ambient Monitoring System (AMS) is a network of stream, lake and estuarine
water quality monitoring stations strategically located for the collection of physical and
chemical water quality data. The classification (freshwater or saltwater) of a waterbody
and corresponding water quality standards determine the type of water quality data or
parameters that are collected. There are no AMS stations on this section of Cane Creek.
Point source dischargers located throughout North Carolina are permitted through
the NPDES Program. Dischargers are required to register for a permit. There are no
point source dischargers located within a 1.0 mi (1.6 km) radius of the project study area.
Impacts to surface waters are anticipated as a result of construction activities. This
may include scouring of the streambed, siltation, runoff of toxic substances, and damage
to the stream banks. Limiting earth removal, vegetation removal, and in-stream activities
best minimizes impacts to surface waters. NCDOT's Best Management Practices for the
5
Protection of Surface Waters and Sedimentation Control Guidelines must be enforced
during the construction stage of the project.
Bridge demolition is discussed on the first page of this memo under "Project
Description". There is potential for the bents of the bridges to be dropped into Waters of
the U.S. during construction. NCDOT's Best Management Practices for Bridge
Demolition and Removal (BMP-BDR) must be applied for the removal of these bridges.
This project is classified as "Case T', whereby there are no special restrictions beyond
those outlined in the BMP-BDR.
The possibility of significant mussels exists at this location, therefore a mussel
survey will be conducted in Cane Creek by NCDOT biologists. In 1991, two important
mussels were found at this site and recorded in NCNHP files. The mussel, notched
rainbow, (Villosa constricta) which is proposed for Special Concern in NC and
squawfoot (Strophitus undulatus) listed as State-Threatened were both found at this site.
There are no waters classified as Outstanding Resource Waters, High Quality Waters
or Water Supply I (undeveloped watersheds) or II (predominately undeveloped
watersheds) within 1.0 mi (1.6 km) of the project study area.
BIOTIC RESOURCES
Biotic resources include aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. This section describes
those ecosystems encountered in the study area, as well as the relationships between
fauna and flora within these ecosystems. Composition and distribution of biotic
communities throughout the project area are reflective of topography, hydrologic
influences and past and present land uses in the study area. Descriptions of the terrestrial
systems are presented in the context of plant community classifications. These
classifications follow descriptions presented by Schafale and Weakley (1990) where
possible. Dominant flora and fauna observed, or likely to occur, in each community are
described and discussed.
Scientific nomenclature and common names (when applicable) are provided for each
animal and plant species described. Plant taxonomy generally follows Radford, et al.
(1968). Animal taxonomy follows Martof, et al. (1980), Menhinick (1991), Potter, et al.
(1980), and Webster, et al. (1985). Subsequent references to the same organism will
include the common name only. Fauna observed during the site visit are denoted by an
asterisk (*). Published range distributions and habitat analysis are used in estimating
fauna expected to be present within the project area.
Biotic Communities
Five biotic communities are found within the project boundaries: maintained
disturbed, mixed hardwood forest, piedmont/low mountain alluvial forest (piedmont
alluvial forest), streamside riparian area and piedmont perennial waters (creeks). The
maintained/ disturbed community is comprised of frequently mowed road shoulder and
horse pasture and residential landscape. In addition to various grasses, typical weedy
roadside species including henbit (Lamium purpureum), Carolina geranium (Geranium
carolinianum), violets (Viola sp.), clover (Trifolium sp.), dandelion (Taraxacum
6

officiale), corn salad (Valerianella sp.) and honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica) are found on
road shoulders. In addition, wingstem (Verbesina occidentalis) multiflora rose (Rosa
multiflora) and English ivy (Hedera helix) are found in the occasionally mowed ROW.
Southern magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora) and elaeagnus (Elaeagnus pungens) were
planted at the edge of a driveway.
The mixed hardwood forest occurs on the north side of the creek. Dominant canopy
trees include hickory (Carya spp.), various oaks (red oak - Quercus rubra, white oak - Q.
alba), loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), beech (Fagus grandifolia), tulip poplar (Liriodendron
tulipifera) and sweetgum (Liquidambar .styraciflua). Subcanopy trees include ironwood
(Carpinus caroliniana), dogwood (Cornus florida) and red maple (Ater rubrum). The
shrub layer is sparse and ground vegetation is dominated by honeysuckle, poison ivy
(Toxicodendron radicans) and trout lilies (Erythronium americanum).
Adjacent to Cane Creek on the south side of the creek are vegetation indicative of a
piedmont alluvial forest that receives only occasional flooding. Sycamore (Platanus
occidentalis), tulip poplar, hackberry (Celtis laevigata), box elder (Acer negundo) and
black walnut (Juglans nigra) are dominant canopy constituents. Shrubs consist of
buckeye (Aesculus sylvatica), spice bush (Lindera benzoin) and sugar maple (Acer
barbatum). Herbaceous growth such as sweet chervil (Osmorhiza longistylis),
foamflower (Tiarella cordifolia), river oats (Chasmanthium latifolia) and honeysuckle
occur on the forest floor.
The streamside riparian area adjacent to Cane Creek consists of elderberry
(Sambucus canadensis) along with an abundance of herbaceous vegetation including
jewelweed (Impatiens capensis), Japanese grass (Microstegium vimineum), false nettle
(Boehmeria cylindrica), smartweed (Polygonum spp), pokeberry (Phytolacca americana)
and cardinal flower (Lobelia cardinalis). This community has a fairly open canopy
dominated by river birch (Betula nigra), sweetgum and box elder.
Cane Creek, a piedmont perennial stream, exhibits a fairly sinuous stream pattern.
At the time of the site visit, Cane Creek was approximately 26 ft (8 m) wide with variable
depth and a moderate current. Cane Creek exhibited clear water during the two field
visits. Substrate includes boulders, gravel, sand and silt. Aquatic fauna likely to occur in
the project area includes various species of insect larvae and nymphs, such as mayflies*
(Order: Ephemeroptera), stoneflies (Order: Plecoptera), caddisflies* (Order: Trichoptera)
and dragonflies* /damselflies (Order: Odonata). An additional small perennial stream (Ut
to Cane Creek) originates in the southwest quadrant outside of the project limits. This
unnamed tributary arises from an underground spring and flows north, crosses under the
road to the southeast corner near the project and continues flowing north until its
confluence with Cane Creek outside of the project area. This small stream has moderate
flow, approximately 2 ft (<1 m) wide and 1 to 2 in (3 to 5 cm) deep. Instream substrate is
comprised of silt and sand with little gravel. There were no benthic macroinvertebrates
observed in this Ut. This stream (Ut) flows through the maintained/disturbed and
piedmont alluvial forest communities.
7
r
Terrestrial fauna likely to occur throughout these communities includes Virginia
opossum (Didelphis virginiana), muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus), raccoon* (Procyon lotor),
white-tailed deer* (Odocoileus virginianus), marbled salamander (Ambystoma opacum)
spring peeper (Hyla crucifer), pickerel frog (Rana palustris), eastern box turtle
(Terrapene carolina) and rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta).
Avian fauna likely to occur in this area includes permanent residents such as belted
kingfisher* (Megaceryle alcyon), field sparrow* (Spizella pusilla), northern cardinal*
(Cardinalis cardinalis), goldfinch* (Carduelis tristis), eastern phoebe (Sayornis phoebe),
chickadee* (Parus carolinensis), tufted titmouse* (Parus bicolor), Carolina wren*
(Thryothorus ludovicianus), red bellied wood pecker* (Melanerpes carolinus), bluebird*
(Sialia sialis), cedar waxwing* (Bombycilla cedrorum) and mourning dove* (Zenaida
macroura). Migratory species that may use the area for feeding and nesting include red-
eyed vireo (Vireo olivaceous), ovenbird* (Seiurus aurocapillus), northern parula
warbler* (Parula americana), Louisiana waterthrush* (Seiurus moticilla) and yellow
warbler* (Dendroica petechia).
Sampling for community structure of fish was conducted by the DWQ in March
1994 upstream of the project site and above Cane Creek Reservoir. Found in abundance
were creek chubsucker (Erimyzon oblongus), several species of bream (redbreast sunfish
- Lepomis auritus, green sunfish - L. cyanellus, pumpkinseed - L. gibbosus, and bluegill
- L. macrochirus), bluehead chub (Nocomis leptocephalus), creek chub (Semotilus
atromaculatus) and in riffle areas, tessellated darter (Etheostoma olmstedi). A similar
fish community would be expected at the project site in Cane Creek, since these portions
of Cane Creek were contiguous before the creation of Cane Creek Reservoir.
IMPACTS TO COMMUNITIES
Calculated impacts to terrestrial resources reflect the relative abundance of each
community present within the study area. Project construction may result in clearing and
degradation of portions of these communities. Table 1 summarizes potential quantitative
losses to these communities, resulting from project construction. Estimated impacts are
derived using the entire proposed right-of-way. Usually, project construction does not
require the entire right-of-way; therefore, actual impacts may be considerably less.
Table 1. Anticipated Impacts to Terrestrial Communities
(values cited are in acres (hectares)
Community type Impacts
Maintained/disturbed 0.46 (0.19)
Mixed hardwood forest 0.32 (0.13)
Piedmont alluvial forest 0.09 (0.04)
Streamside riparian area 0.03 (0.01)
Total 0.90 (0.37)
Plant communities found within the proposed project area serve as nesting and
sheltering habitat for various wildlife. Replacing Bridge No. 174 may reduce habitat for
8

faunal species, thereby diminishing faunal numbers. However, due to the size and scope
of this project, it is anticipated that impacts to fauna will be minimal.
Areas modified by construction (but not paved) will become road shoulders and
early successional habitat. Reduced habitat will displace some wildlife further from the
roadway while attracting other wildlife by the creation of earlier successional habitat.
Animals temporarily displaced by construction activities will repopulate areas suitable for
the species.
Aquatic communities are sensitive to small changes in their environment. Stream
channelization, scouring, siltation, sedimentation and erosion from construction-related
work will affect water quality and biological constituents. Although direct impacts may
be temporary, environmental impacts from these construction processes may result in
long term or irreversible effects.
Impacts often associated with in-stream construction include increased
channelization and scouring of the streambed. In-stream construction alters the stream
substrate and may remove streamside vegetation at the site. Disturbances to the substrate
will produce siltation, which clogs the gills and/or feeding mechanisms of benthic
organisms (sessile filter-feeders and deposit-feeders), fish and amphibian species.
Benthic organisms can also be covered by excessive amounts of sediment. These
organisms are slow to recover or repopulate a stream.
JURISDICTIONAL ISSUES
This section provides descriptions, inventories and impact analysis pertinent to two
important issues - waters of the United States and rare and protected species.
Surface Waters and Wetlands
Surface waters and wetlands fall under the broad category of "Waters of the United
States," as defined in Section 33 of the Code of Federal Register (CFR) Section 328.3(a).
Wetlands, [defined in 33 CFR Section 328.3(b)], are those areas that are inundated or
saturated by surface or ground water at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and
under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted to
life in saturated conditions. Any action that proposes to place fill into these areas falls
under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), and must follow
the statutory provisions under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (33 U.S.C. 1344).
Criteria to determine the presence of jurisdictional wetlands include evidence of
hydrology, hydric soils and hydrophytic vegetation. Hydrologic indicators such as hydric
soils and hydric vegetation are absent on the project site. Therefore, jurisdictional
wetlands are not present within the project boundaries.
Cane Creek and the Ut are jurisdictional surface waters under Section 404 of
the Clean Water Act (33 U.S.C. 1344). Discussion of the biological, physical, and
water quality aspects of this creek and Ut are presented in previous sections of this report.
9

Summary of Anticipated Impacts
The anticipated total impact to surface waters from the proposed project is 80 linear
feet (24 linear meters). Considering the current design, there are no impacts to the small
Ut to Cane Creek which occurs just outside project boundaries, however, an increase in
ROW width or lengthening of the project on the southern end would result in minor
impacts to this unnamed tributary. Impacts to the project are determined using the entire
proposed ROW width. Usually, project construction does not require the entire ROW;
and the bridge over Cane Creek will be replaced with a bridge, therefore, actual surface
water impacts may be considerably less.
As previously mentioned, there is potential for components of the mass concrete
interior bents to be dropped into Waters of the United States during bridge demolition.
The resulting potential temporary fill associated with the mass concrete interior bents is
approximately 84 yd3 (77 m3).
Impacts to jurisdictional surface waters and wetlands are anticipated. In accordance
with provisions of Section 404 of the Clean Water Act, a permit will be required from the
COE for the discharge of dredged or fill material into "Waters of the United States."
A Section 404 Nationwide 23 Permit is likely to be applicable for all impacts to
Waters of the United States from the proposed project. This permit authorizes activities
undertaken, assisted, authorized, regulated, funded or financed in whole, or part, by
another Federal agency or department where that agency or department has determined
that pursuant to the Council on Environmental Quality Regulation for implementing the
procedural provisions of the National Environmental Policy Act:
(1) that the activity, work, or discharge is categorically excluded from environmental
documentation because it is included within a category of actions which neither
individually nor cumulatively have a significant effect on the human
environment, and;
(2) that the office of the Chief of Engineers has been furnished notice of the agency
or department's application for the categorical exclusion and concurs with that
determination.
A North Carolina Division of Water Quality Section 401 Water Quality Certification
is required prior to the issuance of the Section 404 permit. Section 401 Certification
states that water quality standards will not be violated.
Federally-Protected Species
Plants and animals with federal classifications of Endangered, Threatened, Proposed
Endangered and Proposed Threatened are protected under provisions of Section 7 and
Section 9 of the Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973, as amended. As of February 26,
2001, there are five Federally Protected Species for Orange County as depicted in Table
2.
10
Table 2. Federally-Protected Species for Orange County
Scientific Name Common Name Status
Picoides borealis red-cockaded woodpecker Endangered
Alasmidonta heterodon dwarf wed emussel Endangered
Echinacea laevi ata smooth coneflower Endangered
Isotria medeoloides small-whorled o onia Threatened
Rhus michauxii Michaux's sumac Endangered
Threatened species are species that are likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant
portion of its range.
Endangered is defined as a species that is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range.
"*" denotes no specimen from Orange County found in the past twenty years.
Picoides borealis (red-cockaded woodpecker) Endangered
Animal Family: Picidae
Date Listed: October 13, 1970
The adult red-cockaded woodpecker (RCW) has a plumage that is entirely black and
white except for small red streaks on the sides of the nape in the male. The back of the
RCW is black and white with horizontal stripes. The breast and underside of this
woodpecker are white with streaked flanks. The RCW has a large white cheek patch
surrounded by the black cap, nape, and throat.
The RCW uses open old growth stands of southern pines, particularly longleaf pine
(Pinus palustris), for foraging and nesting habitat. A forested stand must contain at least
50% pine, lack a thick understory, and be contiguous with other stands to be appropriate
habitat for the RCW. These birds nest exclusively.in trees that are >60 years old and are
contiguous with pine stands at least 30 years of age. The foraging range of the RCW is
up to 500 ac (200.0 ha). This acreage must be contiguous with suitable nesting sites.
These woodpeckers nest exclusively in living pine trees and usually in trees that are
infected with the fungus that causes red-heart disease. Cavities are located in colonies
from 12 - 100 ft (3.6-30.3 m) above the ground and average 30-50 ft (9 - 16 m) high.
Cavity trees can be identified by a large incrustation of running sap that surrounds the
tree. The RCW lays its eggs in April, May, and June; the eggs hatch approximately 10 -
12 days later.
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION No Effect
Possible habitat for the red-cockaded woodpecker does not occur in the project
vicinity. The NC Natural Heritage Program database of rare and unique habitats does not
contain records for RCW within the project study area, therefore this bridge replacement
project will not affect the red-cockaded woodpecker.
, . „ . .
Alasmidonta heterodon (dwarf wedgemussel) Endangered
Animal Family: Unionidae
Date Listed: March 14, 1990
Alasmidonta heterodon formerly ranged from the Petitcodiac River, Canada to
the Neuse River, North Carolina. In North Carolina populations are found in
Middle Creek and the Little River of the Neuse River Basin and in the upper Tar
River and Cedar, Crooked, and Stony Creeks of the Tar River system.
The dwarf wedgemussel is a small mussel ranging in size from 1.0 to 1.6 in
(2.5 to 3.8 cm) in length. Its shell is distinguishable by two lateral teeth on the
right half and one on the left half. The periostracum (outer shell) is olive green to
dark brown in color and the nacre (inner shell) is bluish to silvery white.
Successful reproduction is dependent on the attachment of larval mussels to a
host fish. The exact species of host fish is not known, but evidence suggests that
it is either an anadromous or catadromous species. This mussel is sensitive to
agricultural, domestic, and industrial pollutants and requires a stable silt free
streambed with well oxygenated water to survive.
Biological Conclusion:
Unresolved
While this mussel is listed for Orange County, it has never been found in the
Cape Fear drainage, to which Cane Creek flows. A review of the NC Natural
Heritage Program database of rare species and unique habitats in April 2001
indicated that there are no known occurrences of dwarf wedgemussel in this creek
or in the Cape Fear River system. However, a search will be conducted for this
species in the event that it does occur in the Cape Fear River system.
Echinacea laevigata (smooth coneflower) Endangered
Plant Family: Asteraceae
Federally Listed: December 9, 1991
Flowers Present: June - early July
Smooth coneflower is a perennial herb that grows from simple or branched
rhizomes. This herb has a smooth stem and few leaves. The basal leaves are the largest,
and these leaves are smooth to slightly rough, tapered to the base and elliptical to broadly
lanceolate. Mid-stem leaves have short or no petioles and are smaller than the basal
leaves. Flowers are light pink to purplish in color and solitary. The petal-like rays usually
droop. Fruits are gray-brown, oblong-prismatic and four-angled.
Habitat for the smooth coneflower is found in areas of meadows, open woodlands,
glades, cedar barrens, roadsides, power line rights-of-way, clear cuts, and dry limestone
bluffs. Plants usually grow in soil derived from calcareous parent material. North
Carolina populations are found in soils derived from Diabase, a circumneutral igneous
12
1 A ? J
rock. Optimal sites are in areas with abundant sunlight and little competition from other
herbaceous plants.
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION No Effect
Potential habitat for smooth coneflower is present at the edge of the woods of the
project study area. A search of the project area on April 9 and August 27, 2001, revealed
no stalks of coneflower. No species within the genus Echinacea was observed during the
survey. A review of the NCNHP database of rare species and unique habitats in April
2001, revealed no smooth coneflower plants within the project region. Therefore, project
construction will not affect smooth coneflower.
Isotria medeoloides (small whorled pogonia) Threatened
Plant Family: Orchidaceae
Federally Listed: September 10, 1982
Flowers Present: mid May-mid June
Small whorled pogonia is a perennial orchid having long pubescent roots and a
hollow stem. Stems terminate in a whorl of five or six light green, elliptical leaves that
are somewhat pointed. One or two light green flowers are produced at the end of the
stem. Flowers of small-whorled pogonia have short sepals.
The small whorled pogonia grows in second growth deciduous or deciduous-
coniferous forests, with an open canopy, open shrub layer, and sparse herb layer. This
plant prefers acidic soils. Flowering is inhibited in areas where there is relatively high
shrub coverage or high sapling density.
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION No Effect
Typical habitat such as second growth or deciduous coniferous forest does not exist
within the project study area. This area was surveyed on April 9 and August 27, 2001 for
protected species and there were no plants of small whorled pogonia present. In addition,
The NC Natural Heritage Program database of rare and unique habitats does not contain
records for this species in this area. Therefore, the bridge replacement project will not
impact small whorled pogonia.
Rhus michauxii (Michaux's sumac) Endangered
Plant Family: Cashew (Anacardiaceae)
Federally Listed: September 28, 1989
Best Search Time: During the growing season (June - September)
Michaux's sumac is a dioecious shrub growing to a height of 1.0 to2.0 ft (0.3 to 0.6
m). Plants flower in June, producing a terminal, erect, dense cluster of 4-5 parted
greenish-yellow to white flowers. Fruits, produced from August through September, are
red, densely short-pubescent drupes, 0.25 in (5-6 mm) across. Most populations,
however, are single sexed and reproduce only by rhizomes. The entire plant is densely
13
4 t
pubescent. The deciduous leaves are composed of 9-13 sessile, oblong leaflets on a
narrowly winged or wingless rachis. The acute to acuminate leaflets have rounded bases
and are 1.5 to 3.5 in (4 to 9 cm) long and 1.0 to 2.0 in (2 to 5 cm) wide. They are simply
or doubly serrate. Distinctive characteristics include short stature, densely pubescent
throughout, evenly serrate leaflets.
This species prefers sandy, rocky, open woods and roadsides. Its survival is
dependent on disturbance (mowing, clearing, fire) to maintain an open habitat. It is often
found with other members of its genus as well as with poison ivy. There is no longer
believed to be an association between this species and specific soil types.
Michaux's sumac is endemic to the inner Coastal Plain and Piedmont physiographic
provinces of Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia. Most populations
occur in North Carolina. This species is threatened by loss of habitat. Since its
discovery, 50 percent of Michaux's sumac habitat has been lost due to its conversion to
silvicultural and agricultural purposes and development. Fire suppression and herbicide
drift have also negatively impacted this species.
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION No Effect
Potential habitat for Michaux's sumac is present within the wooded edge of the
project area. A survey for Michaux's sumac, within areas of potential habitat was
conducted on April 9, 2001 by NCDOT biologists. There were no plants of Michaux's
sumac observed during the survey. A review of the NCNHP database of rare species and
unique habitats, in April 2001 reveals no records of Michaux's sumac within the project
region. Therefore, project construction will not affect Michaux's sumac.
Federal Species of Concern and State Listed Species
There are eleven Federal Species of Concern (FSC) listed for Orange County as of
February 26, 2001. Federal Species of Concern are not afforded federal protection under
the ESA and are not subject to any of its provisions, including Section 7, until they are
formally proposed or listed as Threatened or Endangered. Federal Species of Concern are
defined as those species that may or may not be listed in the future. These species were
formerly candidate species, or species under consideration for listing for which there was
insufficient information to support a listing of Endangered, Threatened, Proposed
Endangered and Proposed Threatened. Organisms which are listed as Endangered,
Threatened, or Special Concern by the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program list of
rare plant and animal species are afforded state protection under the State Endangered
Species Act and the North Carolina Plant Protection and Conservation Act of 1979.
Table 3 lists Federal Species of Concern, the species state status and the presence of
suitable habitat for each species in the study area. This species list is provided for
information purposes as the status of these species may be upgraded in the future.
14

Table 3. Federal Species of Concern for Orange County
Scientific Name Common Name State
Status Habitat
F,theostoma collis lepidinion Carolina darter SC yes
Moxostoma sp. 2 Carolina redhorse SR possibly
Alasmidonta varicosa Brook floater T/PE possibly
Diacyclops jeanneli putei Carolina well diacyclops SR/PSC* no
Fusconaia masoni Atlantic pigtoe T/PE possibly
Lampsilis cariosa Yellow lampmussel T/PE possibly
Lasmigona subviridis Green floater E no
Toxolasma pullus Savanna lilliput T/PE possibly
Juglans cinerea Butternut W5 no
Monotropsis odorata Sweet pinesap C* no
Plagiochila columbiana A liverwort W2 possibly
"E"--An Endangered species is one whose continued existence as a viable component of the State's flora or fauna is determined to be
in jeopardy.
"T"--A Threatened species is one which is likely to become endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a
significant portion of its range.
"SC"--A Special Concern species is one which requires monitoring but may be taken or collected and sold under regulations adopted
under the provisions of Article 25 of Chapter 113 of the General Statutes (animals) and the Plant Protection and
Conservation Act (plants). Only propagated material may be sold of Special Concern plants that are also listed as
Threatened or Endangered.
"C"--A Candidate species is one which is very rare in North Carolina, generally with 1-20 populations in the state, generally
substantially reduced in numbers by habitat destruction, direct exploitation or disease. The species is also either rare
throughout its range or disjunct in North Carolina from a main range in a different part of the country or the world.
"SR"-A Significantly Rare species is one which is very rare in North Carolina, generally with 1-20 populations in the state, generally
substantially reduced in numbers by habitat destruction, direct exploitation or disease. The species is generally more
common elsewhere in its range, occurring peripherally in North Carolina.
"W2"--A Watch Category 2 species is a rare to uncommon species in North Carolina, but is not necessarily declining or in trouble.
"W5"--A Watch Category 5 species is a species with increasing amounts of threats to its habitat; populations may or may not be
known to be declining.
"/P_"-denotes a species which has been formally proposed for listing as Endangered, Threatened, or Special Concern, but has not yet
completed the listing process.
* -- Historic record - the species was last observed in the county more than 50 years ago.
Surveys for these species were not conducted during the site visits, nor were any of
these species incidentally observed. A review of the NC Natural Heritage Program
database of rare species and unique habitats (April 6, 2001) revealed no records of
Federal Species of Concern in or near the project study area.
Please contact me at [phone] extension 291 if you have any further questions
regarding this project.
cc: Randy Turner, Natural Systems Unit Head
File B-3885
15
A i / 1
REFERENCES
Amoroso, Jame L., and A. S. Weakley, 1999. "Natural Heritage Program List of the Rare
Plant Species of North Carolina". North Carolina Natural Heritage Program.
Environmental Laboratory. 1987. "Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual,
Technical report Y-87-1, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,
Vicksburg, Miss.
LeGrand, Jr., H.E., and S. P. Hall, 1999. "Natural Heritage Program List of the Rare
Animal Species of North Carolina". North Carolina Natural Heritage Program.
Martof, B.S., W.M. Palmer, J.R. Bailey and J.R. Harrison III. 1980. Amphibians and
Reptiles of the Carolinas and Virginia. Chapel Hill, The University of North
Carolina Press.
Menhenick, E.F. 1991. The Freshwater Fishes of North Carolina. NC WRC, Raleigh.
NCDENR-DWQ. Internet site 2001: http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/bims/reports/basins
andwaterbodies/hydro/Cape_Fear.pdf. Raleigh.
NCDENR-DWQ. Internet site 2001:http://www.esb.enr.state.nc.us/Basinwide CPF1999.
pdf. Raleigh.
NCDEHNR-DWQ. 1996. "Cape Fear River Basinwide Water Quality Management
Plan". Raleigh.
Potter, E.F., J.F. Parnell and R.P. Teulings. 1980. Birds of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill,
The University of North Carolina Press.
Radford, A.E., H.E. Ahles and G.R. Bell. 1968. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the
Carolinas. Chapel Hill, The University of North Carolina Press.
Schafale, M.P. and A.S. Weakley. 1990. Classification of The Natural Communities of
North Carolina. Third Approximation. North Carolina Natural Heritage Program,
Division of Parks and Recreation, NCDEHNR.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1979. Classifications of Wetlands and Deepwater
Habitats of the United States., U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington D.C.
Webster, W.D., J.F. Parnell and W.C. Biggs. 1985. Mammals of the Carolinas, Virginia
and Maryland. Chapel Hill, The University of North Carolina Press.
16

a
E. Threshold Criteria
The following evaluation of threshold criteria must be completed for Type II
actions.
ECOLOGICAL for B-3885, Bridge replacement over Cane Creek YES NO
(1) Will the project have a substantial impact on any
unique or important natural resource? X
(2) Does the project involve habitat where federally
listed endangered or threatened species may occur? X
(3) Will the project affect anadromous fish? ?
X
(4) If the project involves wetlands, is the amount of
permanent and/or temporary wetland taking less than
one-third (1/3) of an acre and have all practicable measures ?
to avoid and minimize wetland takings been evaluated? X
(5) Will the project require the use of U. S. Forest Service lands?
X

(6) Will the quality of adjacent water resources be adversely
impacted by proposed construction activities? X
(7) Does the project involve waters classified as Outstanding Water ?
Resources (OWR) and/or High Quality Waters (HQW)? X
(8) Will the project require fill in waters of the United States
in any of the designated mountain trout counties? X
(9) Does the project involve any known underground storage
tanks (UST's) or hazardous materials sites? X
PERMITS AND COORDINATION YES NO
(10) If the project is located within a CAMA county, will the
project significantly affect the coastal zone and/or any
"Area of Environmental Concern" (AEC)? X
(11) Does the project involve Coastal Barrier Resources Act ?
resources? X
(12) Will a U. S. Coast Guard permit be required? ?
X

(13) Will the project result in the modification of any existing ?
regulatory floodway? X
(14) Will the project require any stream relocations or channel ?
changes? X
.it,
.a
i
Bridge No. 174
EIIWhitney .2 2174
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F
North Carolina
Deeartment of Transportation
Dinsion of HigghwvaYs
Project Development &
Envtronmental Analysis Branch
Orange County
Replace Bridge No. 174 on SR 1958
Over Cane Creek
B-3885
SCALE: 1 in = 1 mi Figure 1
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STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
MICHAEL F. EASLEY LYNDo TIPPETT
GOVERNOR SECRETARY
March 19, 2004
Mr. John Hennessey
NC Division of Water Quality
1650 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1650
Subject: TIP Number B-3885, Permit Application Updated Information
Bridge No. 174 over Cane Creek on SR 1958 in Orange County
Dear Mr. Hennessey:
Please see the updated plan sheets for TIP number B-3885. The permit application was
mailed to your office on March 17. NCDOT has lengthened the project limits by 150 feet (75
feet at each end). This change in project limits does not affect jurisdictional areas, therefore
no changes to the permit application are needed.
Please let me know if you have any questions.
Thank you.
Sincerely
Carla Dagnino
ONE - NCDOT
715-1456
MAILING ADDRESS:
NC DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
PROJECT DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
1598 MAIL SERVICE CENTER
RALEIGH NC 27699-1598
TELEPHONE: [phone]
FAX: [phone]
WEBsrm IVMV.NCDOT.ORG
LOCATION:
2728 CAPITAL BLVD
PLB SUITE 168
RALEIGH NC 27604
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N. C. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
TRANSMITTAL SLIP DATE
121 2isl 00
TO:
-1 l"n i4ev,InQSSC?I REF. NO. OR ROOM, SLOG.
flWQ
PROM: REF. NO. OR ROOM, BLOC
I"1O.IQt/) A/4+iNQe- P1DE A
ACTION
? NOTE AND FILE ? FOR OUR CONVERSATION
? NOTE AND RETURN TO ME ? TER YOUR REQUEST -
? RETURN WITH MORE DETAILS ? FOR YOUR APPROVAL -
? NOTE AND SEE ME ASOUT THIS X FOR YOUR INFORMATION.
? PLEASE ANSWER ?? FOR YOUR COMMENTS
? PREPARE REPLY FOR MY SIGNATURE ? SIGNATURE'
? TAKE APPROPRIATE ACTION - ? INVESTIGATE AND REPORT
COM M [NTS:

JAN
STATE OF NORTH CARIINA
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
JAMEs B. HUNT JR. P.O. BOX 25201, RALEIGH, N.C. 27611-5201 DAVID MCCOY
GOVERNOR SECRETARY
December 28, 2000
MEMORANDUM TO: Project File
FROM: Karen T. Orthner
Project Development Engineer
SUBJECT: B-3885, Orange County, Replacement of Bridge No. 174 on
SR 158 over Cane Creek, State Project 8.2502001,
F. A. Project BRZ-1958 (1)
A scoping meeting for the Subject Bridge was held in the Roadway Design
Conference Room at the Century Center on November 28, 2000.
The following people were in attendance:
Jerome Nix Hydraulics Unit
Van Argabright Program Development Branch
Jessica Kuse Traffic Control Unit
Sid Autry Location and Surveys Unit
April Montgomery State Historic Preservation Office
Raymond Goodman Right of Way Unit
Betsy Cox Structure Design Unit
Ron Allen Roadway Design Unit
David Bass Roadway Design Unit
Karen Lynch Project Development and Environmental Analysis Branch
Karen Orthner Project Development and Environmental Analysis Branch
The following comments were either given at the meeting or received previously:
Mike Tapp, Deputy Director and Fire Marshall for Orange County Emergency
Management, stated that EMS response could be re-routed in the event of road closure.
Brad Wall, Division Seven-Construction Engineer, recommended replacing the
bridge in the existing location while detouring traffic off-site.
Jerome Nix of Hydraulics recommended replacing the existing bridge with a new
140-foot (42.7-m) long bridge at approximately the same location and roadway elevation
as the existing bridge.
April Montgomery of the State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) requested a
survey of the Morrow Mill historic architectural site (Orange County Site No. 879) north
r1o
of SR 1958 approximately 1600 feet (487.7 m) from the county line. In addition, SHPO
requested an' haeological survey of the project site.
Sid Autry of Location and Surveys located an underground telephone cable along
the south side of SR 1958 that becomes aerial across Cane Creek.
Jessica Kuse of Traffic Control recommended an detouring traffic off-site due to
the fact that the additional miles traveled on the detour route will be potentially less than
the miles traveled on SR 1958.
Karen Lynch, Natural Systems Specialist for the Project Development and
Environmental Branch, stated that Cane Creek is classified as Class C Nutrient-Sensitive
Waters (NSW), requiring additional erosion control measures. In addition, Karen noted
that there are five federally listed protected species for Orange County that will be
investigated as part of the Natural Systems investigation.
Ron Allen and David Bass of Roadway Design recommended analyzing one
alternate, which would replace the bridge in existing location while detouring traffic off-
site.
PROJECT INFORMATION
Proiect Schedule:
The Categorical Exclusion document from the Project Development and Environmental
Analysis is due in January of 2002. The right-of-way acquisition date is scheduled for February
21, 2003 and the construction let date is scheduled for February 17, 2004.
Bridge Information:
Bridge No. 174 was completed 1954. The bridge contains six spans, totaling 121
feet (36.9 m) in length. The bridge deck is 18 feet (5.5 m) wide. The superstructure
consists of a timber deck with timber joists and steel beams. The end bents and three of
the interior bents consists of timber caps, posts, and sills. The remaining two interior
bents are composed of mass concrete.
Traffic Information:
The estimated average daily traffic (ADT) across Bridge No. 174 is 400 vehicles
per day (vpd) for the year 2000 and 700 vpd for the year 2025. Approximately 2% of the
traffic are dual-tired vehicles (DT) and I% of the traffic are truck transfer semi-trailers
(TTST).
DESCRIPTION OF ALTERNATES
During the meeting, Ron Allen and David Bass of Roadway Design agreed to
complete roadway cost estimates and sketches by March of 2001.
Alternate 1: Replace Bridge No. 174 with a new 140-foot (42.7-m) long bridge at
approximately the same location and roadway elevation as the existing bridge. Detour
traffic along surrounding roads during construction.