NC0081621_Authorization to Construct_19940923

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Management
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
September 23, 1994
Mr. Henry Waldroup
Cabarrus County Utilities
P. O. Box 707
Concord, NC 28026
I ffll'�Nw'j
T4
�EHNFi
Subject: Permit No. AC0081621
Authorization to Construct
Muddy Creek
Wastewater Treatment Facility
Cabarrus County
Dear Mr. Waldroup:
A letter of request for an Authorization to Construct was received by the Division and final plans
and specifications for the subject project have been reviewed and found to be satisfactory. Authorization is
hereby granted for the construction of a wastewater treatment plant consisting of a raw sewage pump
station, force main, splitter box, bar screen, equalization basin, aeration basins, secondary clarifiers,
return sludge pumps, effluent filters, ultra -violet light disinfection, cascade aerator, effluent monitoring
box, sludge digester, and sludge holding tank with discharge of treated wastewater into the Rocky River.
This Authorization to Construct is issued in accordance with Part III, Paragraph A. of NPDES
Permit No. NCO081621 issued September 16, 1994, and shall be subject to revocation unless the
wastewater treatment facilities are constructed in accordance with the conditions and limitations specified in
Permit No. NC0081621.
The sludge generated from these treatment facilities must be disposed of in accordance with G.S.
143-215.1 and in a manner approved by the North Carolina Division of Environmental Management.
In the event that the facilities fail to perform satisfactorily, including the creation of nuisance
conditions, the Permittee shall take immediate corrective action, including those as may be required by this
Division, such as the construction of additional or replacement wastewater treatment or disposal facilities.
The Mooresville Regional Office, telephone number 704/663-1699, shall be notified at least forty-
eight (48) hours in advance of operation of the installed facilities so that an in -place inspection can be
made. Such notification to the regional supervisor shall be made during the normal office hours from 8:00
a.m. until 5:00 p.m. on Monday through Friday, excluding State Holidays.
Upon completion of construction and prior to operation of this permitted facility, a certification
must be received from a professional engineer certifying that the permitted facility has been installed in
accordance with the NPDES Permit, this Authorization to Construct and the approved plans and
specifications. Mail the Certification to the Permits and Engineering Unit, P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, NC
27626-0535.
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post -consumer paper

Permit No. AC0081621
Authorization to Construct
Cabarrus County Utility Department
September 23, 1994
Page 2
Upon classification of the facility by the Certification Commission, the Permittee shall employ a
certified wastewater treatment plant operator to be in responsible charge (ORC) of the wastewater treatment
facilities. The operator must hold a certificate of the type and grade at least equivalent to or greater than the
classification assigned to the wastewater treatment facilities by the Certification Commission. The
Permittee must also employ a certified back-up operator of the appropriate type and grade to comply with
the conditions of Title 15A, Chapter 8A, .0202. The ORC of the facility must visit each Class I facility at
least weekly and each Class II, III, and IV facility at least daily, excluding weekends and holidays, and
must properly manage and document daily operation and maintenance of the facility and must comply with
all other conditions of Title 15A, Chapter 8A, .0202. Once the facility is classified, the Permittee must
submit a letter to the Certification Commission which designates the operator in responsible charge within
thirty days after the wastewater treatment facilities are 50% complete.
A copy of the approved plans and specifications shall be maintained on file by the Permittee for the
life of the facility.
The sand media of the effluent filters must comply with the Division's sand specifications. The
engineer's certification will be evidence that this certification has been met.
Failure to abide by the requirements contained in this Authorization to Construct may subject the
Permittee to an enforcement action by the Division of Environmental Management in accordance with
North Carolina General Statute 143-215.6A to 143-215.6C.
The issuance of this Authorization to Construct does not preclude the Permittee from complying
with any and all statutes, rules, regulations, or ordinances which may be imposed by other government
agencies (local, state, and federal) which have jurisdiction.
One (1) set of approved plans and specifi ' s is being forwarded to you. If you have any
questions or need additional information, please contac Lucas, telephone number 919/733-5083.
Sincerely,
. Preston ard, Jr., P.E.
cc: Cabarrus County Health Department
Mooresville Regional Office, Water Quality
Training and Certification Unit
Facilities Assessment Unit

l
SOC PRIORITY PROJECT: No
To: Permits and Engineering Unit
Water Quality Section
Attention: Jay Lucas
Date: August 12, 1994
AUTHORIZATION TO CONSTRUCT
NPDES PERMIT
REPORT AND RECOMMENDATIONS
County: Cabarrus
MRO No.: 94-175
Permit No. NC0081621
PART I - GENERAL INFORMATION
� ���,15 99t
1. Facility and Address: Muddy Creek WWTP
2326 Highway 73 West
Concord, N.C. 28026
2. Date of On -Site Investigation (if conducted): March 5, 1992
3. Report Prepared By: Michael L. Parker, Environ. Engr. II
4. Persons Contacted and Telephone Number: Ray Hamilton with
HDR Engineering, [phone].
5. Verified Discharge Point(s), List for All Discharge Points:
Latitude: 350 12' 32 Longitude: 800 �Q� �7" •
Attach a USGS man extract and indicate treatment facility
site and discharge point on map. Ensure di. -charge oint s �
correspond to _NP_DEc permitted discharge points-,
iTSGG Quad Nio, : G 17 NW
6. Site size and expansion area consistent with application?
Yes:
7. Topography (relationship to flood plain included): The site
appears to be located adjacent to the 100 year flood plain
of the receiving stream. None of the proposed WWTP units are
to be constructed within this area.
8. Location of Nearest Dwelling: >1000 feet from the site.
PART II - DESCRIPTION OF DISCHARGE AND TREATMENT WORKS
1. Existing Treatment Facility
a. Current permitted capacity: 0.300 MGD.

Page Two
b. Date(s) and construction activities allowed by previous
ATCs issued in the previous two (2) years: N/A.
C. Actual treatment capacity of the current facility
(design volume): N/A
d. Description of existing or substantially constructed
WWT facilities: N/A
?. Type of Proposed Treatment Facility: The applicant propose --
to construct an influent pump station followed by a flow
splitter box with a bar screen, flow equalization, aeration
(diffused), secondary clarification, tertiary filters,
ultra -violet disinfection, cascade aeration, aerobic sludge
digestion, and an aerated sludge holding tank.
3. Residuals Handling and Utilization/Disposal Scheme:
Residuals will be disposed of at the Rocky River WWTP
operated by the Water and GefxTer Huth^city of rabarrus
County.
4. Treatment Plant rlaacci fi c ti D (ntt--rhed completed rating
Treatment L4 L i L L. �' � 1 Lt 1 '_' l� :i l.t •_ L_ 3 1 rating
1
cheet) : C aac TT
5 , C. Code(so ; 4952
Wastewater Codes ) : 01
Main Treatment Unit rode: 06107
6. Important SnC/jr0C or Compliance Schedule Dates- N/A
PART III - EVALUATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The Cabarrus County Utility Department proposes to construct
a 0.07.5 MGD WWTP (Phase I) to serve as a regional WWT facility
for the southern part of Cabarrus County. The proposed WWTP (as
described in Part II, No. 2 above) should be capable of complying
with the effluent limitations contained in the current draft
Permit.
It should be noted that the subject Permit has yet to be
issued, therefore, issuance of this ATC is not recommended until
the NPDES Permit becomes effective.
W, a �-' - - - -
Signature Report Preparer Date
Water Quality R4,rf-ional Supervisor
Dat e
4

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RATING SCALE FOR CLASSIFICATION OF WATER POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEMS
Name of Facility: �Q�� �406f /4:f
Owner or Contact Person: ���y 4�9/*/ /fe?.j
Mailing Address:
County: *9 s Telephone: 3 3
Present Classification: New Facilit fee S Existing Facility_
NPDES Per. No. NC00 ?/ (,Zf Nondisc. Per. No.WQ Health Dept.Per No.
Rated by: &1�1146G fxA�R- Telephone: 7cV-(63 -/( f? Date: 9,�'
Reviewed by:
ri .
Telephone:
Telephone:
,Tele..
Check Classification (s): Subsurface Spray Irrigation Land Application
Wastewater Classification: (Circle —0
• Points:
P4-PLA.11,7 PROCESSES AND RELATED QQNTRa FOU ENT VMKII ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF PM EM& FRCOL)C710N 9-OLL NOT BE
0- SPSZMU�-TANK
SUBSLF FACE CLASSIFiCATION
(check all units that apply)
1. _ septic tanks
2. pump tanks
3. siphon or pump -dosing systems
4.__sand fitters
5, grease trap/interceptor
S`_oWwater separators
7. - gravity subsurface treatment and disposal:
8. pressure subsurface treatment and disposal:
Health Dept. Telephone:
Regional Office
Central Office
Grade:
SPRAY FFJGATION CLASSIFICATION
(check all units that apply)
1.
preliminary treatment (definition no. 32 )
2.
lagoons
3,
—septic -septic tanks
4.
pump tanks
5.
pumps
S.
_ sand filters
7,_grease
trapinterceptor
8.
oii/water separators
9,
_,disinfection
10.
chemical addition for nutrient/algae control
11.
spray irrigation of wastewater
In addition to the above classifications, pretreatment of wastewater in excess of these components shall
be rated using the point rating system and will require an operator with an appropriate dual certification.
LAND APPLICATION/RESIDUALS CLASSIFICATION (Applies only to permit holder)
1. Land application of biosolids, residuals or coruaminated soils on a designated site.
WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITY CLASSIFICATION
The following systems shall be assigned a Class I classification, unless the flow is of a significant quantity or the technology is unusually
complex, to require consideration by the Commission on a case -by -case basis: (Check K Appropriate)
1. Wwater Separator Systems consisting only of physicsl separation, pumps and disposal:
2 Septic Tank/Sand Fitter Systems consisting only of septic tanks, dosing apparatus, pumps,sand fitters, disinfection
and dired disci rge;
3. ___Lagoon Systems consisting only of preliminary treatment, lagoons, pumps, disinfection, necessary chemical treatment for
algae or mArk"t control, and direct discharge;
4* Closed400p Recycle Systems;
5, —Groundwater Remediatlon Systems consisting only of otVwater separators, pumps, air-stdWhg, carbon adsorption, disinfection
and disposal;
S._Aquacutture operations with discharge to surface waters;
7. - Water Plant sludge handling and back -wash water treatment;
8. Seafood processing consisting of screening and disposal.
8._ Single4amity discharging systems, with the exception of Aerobic Treatment Units, will be classified if permitted after July 1,
1993 or M upon Inspection by the Division, it is found that the system is not being adequstefy operated or maintained. Such
systems will be notified of the classification or reclassification by the Commission, in writing.

The following s�aia is used for rating wastewater treatment facilities: (circle appropriate points)
REM POINTS
(1) industrial Pretrestmert Units or kdustrlal Pretroatmennt Program (see definhbn No. 33)...................................................4
DESIGN FLOW OF POINT IN gpd (rot applicable to non -contaminated coo infl waters. sludge handing facilities for
(2)
water purification plants, totally dosed cycle "orris(see defintion No. 11j and facilities consisting only of Item
(4xd) or
hems (4)(d) and (11)(d))
0 - 20,000............ «................................................................................................ .................................1
20.001 - 50,0000...................................................................................................................................`-�
60.001 - too 000.....................................................................................«.............«...........................
100.001 - 250.000...................................................................
5
250,001 - 500,000...................................................................................................................................
..
500.001 - 1.000.000..............................................................................................................................
1.000.001 - 2.000.000...........................................................................................................................10
2.000.001 (and up) rate 1 poi additional for each 200.000 gpd capacity up to a maximum of .. .............30
Design Flow (gpd)
(3) PRELIMNARY liN TSIPROCESSES (see definition No.32)
;`?,,
(a)
Bar Screens ....................................................................................................
(b)
or
Mechanical Screens. Static Screens or Comminuting Devices ...... ...... ....... _....„....... ..._.................................. .....
(c)
GO Removal...................................................................................................................................1
(d)
o
bbcharkai or Aerated Grit PAmoval.............................................................................................................
(e)
Flow i„IeasUfbV DWAM.......................................................................................................
(f )
lg )
or
irtstrumentted Flow Moasurement................................................................................................................2
Preaeratlon.............................................................................................................................................
(h)
tnfiuent Flow Equalization........................................................................................................................
.
(1)
Grease or Oil Separators - Gravity ....................................................................................................
Mechanical ............. _........................... ».....................................................................................................3
is
DissolvedAir Fbtal lon................................................................................................................I..............
())
Prechbrinatlon..........................................................................................................................................
(4) PRIMARY TREATMENT tNrrSiPF=ESSES ...2
(a)
Septic Tank (see definition No. 43).... »...... »...... ................................................... »...............................
(b)
Imhoff Tank .............. «............................ »....«........................._..............................................................
cPrimary
(d)
Clarifiers.........................................................................................................je ............................5
Settling Ponds or Settling Tanks for inorganic Norrrtoxic Materials (sludge handling faclitties for water
purification ptarts, sand, gravel. stone, and other mining operations except recreational activities such as gem
orgold mining)........... .................. ........................................................................................2
(5) SEOONDAN
(a)
TREATMENT
Carbonaceous Stage
(1) Affusod • Purity Oxygen System.........._.........._.._...�'^•.._..._..._..._r«
it System
Mochanicai Alr System (flxed. fbatunp'or rotor)...._ ........................ ..
.._......
SeparateSludge Reaerasion........................... «................................................................
(i1) Tridcing Filter
HighRate ........ ........... ...... ........................ ......«.........»......«.....................................5
StandardRate ............ .......... ................ ......»...».»..»...............-..... «...........................5
PackedTower..............................................................«...............................................
oil) Bbk>gical Aerated FlIter or Aerated Biological Filter ------------------------------------ 1
(Iv) Aerated Lagoons......................»..................................................................10
12
(v) Rotating Biological Cont"ors................................. «...................................................
............
(vi) Sand Fitters -intermittent biological ....................... _............................ _..........................
Recirculatingbiological ............................... .......................................... .3
Stabilization Lagoons...........«................«.........».«.....»».......«.«...........».....«..............
(Vai) ttihrlter...................... ...................................
(Ix) Single stage system for combined carbonaceous removal of BOD and nitrogenous removal
nkrificabon (see definition No. 12XPoir4s for this kem have to be in addition to Items
(5)(a)(1) through (5)(a)(viil),
utilizing ft extended aeration process (sae deflnhion No.3a).... «....... ...........................2
utilizing other than the extended aeration process....._..»_............_...._....._.....«..»_._...8
(x) Nutrient additions to enhance BOD removal............. ................. ...... »•«..........................5
(XI) gkal Culture ('Super Bugs')addabn......... ..... ................ ...........
Blob
(b)
Nitrogenous Stage._..«_...�...._...»...._.»......._..2 0
(1) Aeratlon - High Purity Oxygen System._..«�«.»......«......
DiffusedAir System.................«...................««......«.«.».............«......».«.«.».............10
Mechanical Air System�(fixed. floating or rotor)_........_.««.,._«.»..._..._..._..._..._..._..._..
Separate Sludge Reaeration..........»«.......«....«.......»«........«..«........�......»....................3
epa
.._.......J
(11) TftWing Fitter -High Rate........ ... ... ........ «.... ... «.«.«.... «..... «............ .......... .............»......5
StandardRate...........«.»._...«.......«.«»«..«.......»»«..................«..«.......«............
Packed Tower ........ «...«..««.»«..«»«...... «....«»......«««««....«.«....«..........«....«.»«........5
(111) Biological Aerated Filter a Aerated Biological Fiker.__.__.___.__.__._.....«.__._...—------ 10
10
....
(Iv) Rotating Biological Contactors.......».........«..,.«......«._««......«..«�«.«..««....«�...«.....»...2
(v) !Sand Filter - intermittent bioiog............. »....«.........«...«.«.......«.
Recirculating biologiul............»._.....»...»..»......»..«....»..»....»...«.»..............«.....«.....».3
(a) TERTIARYO (VIADVANCED TREATMEfYT W�ES....«.»..«........«....««..»«....««.....«...«.«.......«....»....................5
(a)
Activated Carbon Beds - ..__
withoutcarbon regeneratbn..»»»...............»..»...»»...._.......«»«..».......,-,„,,.,.,,».............-...«15
wkhcarbon regeneration. .«.«.««....«.«....».«....««.«.«....«.......«............«.............«.«
(b)
Powdered or Granular Activated Carbon Feed•
.«....«..«»»«»«».»»..»«.».5
withoutcarbon reQeneratbn....».........«......«..«.....«.«.................. «..15
wkhcarbon regeneratlon...«.«.«».««.».«..«.««»._....«..«.««.«.............»...»«.«..«..........«
b
(C)
Air t:trlpQinO...«..«.«...............«..»«.......«.««.«.....».««».............«..«...«.«.»......._..�...» ...�...«.«.»...« 10
(t i
Foam Separation......»..._.»....«.....»«.«...».«.....
...._...«..»«......A
(!i)
(h)
.... ..«..
Ion Excite ..... .«..
rage.............«.«.........«........«.......«..««.««............».«.....«««..«..«.. �
Lind Application of Treated Effluent (see defWtion No. 22b) (not appkable for sand. gravel.
and other sknR w minkog operations) by high rate hfRtration _«._«. .«_.«....._..........«.«.....�«._...-....«..�1
.'«.»«....»,.2
1
())
Mkroscreens..
Phosphorous !Removal by Biological Processes (See•deftnition�No. 26)......«.«�«...�.............�....«.....
(k)
Polishing Ponds - without aeration. --- «...---------------- ------------------------ .......................................»...........b
wattaeratbn.................................»«.««......»»«»....«.............«.....

(►J
r-osk r►e►rurvn - wwwaue............................................................................................................................ (
citfusedor mechanical.......................................................................................................'
(m)
Reverse Osmosis........................................................................................................................................5
(n)
Sand or Mixed -Media Fitters - low rate............ .................... ...... _............... _... _........................................
highrate..................................................................
(o)
Treatment processes for removal of metal or cyanide.................................................................................
(p)
treatment processes for removal of toxic materials other than metal or ryanide....._._...__...........__.............1 5
(7)
SLUDGE TREATMENT
(a)
Sludge Digestion Tank - Heated (anaerobic)....._.........................._........................._................................ ¢�
Aerobic........................................................................................................................................
`.1XV
Unheated(anaerobic)............................................................................................................................
(b)
Sludge Stabilization (chemical or thermal)...................................................................................................5
( o )
Sk+dge Drying Beds - Gravity...................................................................................................................... 2
VacuumAssisted......................................................................................................................................5
(d)
Sludge Ekarlation..................................................................................................................................... 5
(o)
Sludge Condhionor (chemical or thermal) ........ _..........................................................................................5
(f)
Sludge Thickener (gravity)........................................................................................................................5
(g)
Dissolved Air Flotation Unit (not applicable to a unit rated as (3)(1)).............................................................8
(h)
Sludge Gas Utilization (including gas storage) .................. ................................. ........... .................. ........
(1)
Sludge Holding Tank - Aerated.........................................._....................................................................
Non. aerated................................._........................................................................................................... 2
())
Sludge Incinerator (not including activated carbon regeneration)................................................................10
(k)
Vacuum Fihsr, Contriiuge, or Filter Press or other similar dewatering devices...................................................1 0
(a)
RESIDUALS UTILIZATIOWDISPOSAL (including incinerated ash)
(a)
Lagoons.................................................................................................................................................2
(b)
Land Application (surface and subsurface) (see definition 22a)
by contracting to a land application operator or landfill operator who holds the land application permit
orland if permit........................................................................................................................................2
(c)
Dedicated Landfill(burial) by the pormhtee of the wastewater treatment tacllfty... _.........................................5
(6)
(a)
Chlorination.............................................................................................................................................5
(b)
Dechlorination..........................................................................................................................................5
(c)
Ozone.....................................................................................................................................................
(d)
Radiation...............................................................................................................................................
(10)
CHEMICAL ADDITION SYSTEM(S) ( see definhion No. 9) (not applicable to chemical additions rated as Mom (3)0
(5)(a)(xl),
(6)(a). (6)(b). (7)(b). (7)(o). (9a). (o)(b) or (9)(c) 5 points each:
List....................................................................................................................................5
.................................................................................................................................... 5
.................................................................................................................................... 5
................................................................................................................................. 5
(1 1)
MSC6IANECUS WT&PiaOCESSES
(a)
Holding Ponds, Holding Tanks or Settling Ponds for Organic or Toxic Materials Including wastes from mining
operations containing nitrogen or phosphorus compounds In amounts significarty greater than is common
fordomestic wastewater...........................................................................................................................A
(b)
Effluent Flow Equalization (rot applicable to storage basins which are inherent in lard application systems)....2
(c)
Stage Discharge (not applicable to storage basins inherent In I" application _
(d)
.
Pumps.............................................................................................»...................................................
(e)
Stand -By Power Supply.........................................................................................................................
(f )
Thermal Pollution Cortrol Device ...................................................................................................
TOTALPOINTS ........................................ ........... ....................
CLASSIFICATION
CussI ........ ........................................... ............. ................. ....................... 6-25 Points
Class11.........................................................................................................26-50 Points
Chrss11........................................................................................................61-65 Points
ClassN......................................................................................... ........._...66-Up Points
Facilities having a rating of one through four points, Inclusive, do not require a artflied operator.
Facilities having an sdMaled sludge process will be as.Wgred a minimum classification of Class IL
Facilities having treatment prooesses for the removal of metal or cyanide will be assigned a minimum classification of Class II.
Facihies having treatment processes for the blological removal of phosphorus win be assigned a rrinimum classfficatlon of Class ill.
DW4 DEfTUTi WS
The following definitions shall apply throughout this Subchapter.
(1) Activated Carbon Serfs. A physkaVchemical method for reducing soluble organic uwortat from wastewater effluent; The column -type beds used In this
method will have a flow rate varying from two to eight gallon per minute por square foot and may be either upflow or diownflow carbon beds. Cartoon may or
may not be ngonerated on the wasivwator treatment plant she;
(2) Aerated Lagoons. A basin In which all solids are maintained In susponsion and by which biological oxidZion or organic matter is reduced through artificially
accelerased transfer of oxygen on a flow -through basis;
(3) Aeration. A process of bringing about Intimate contact between air or high purity oxygen In a liquid by spraying, aghation or diffusiong3a) Extended
Aeration. An activaled sludge process utilizing a mb*num hydraulic detention time of 18 hours.
(4) Agriculturally managed site. Any she on which a crop Is produced, managed, and harvested (Crop includes grasses, grains, trees, etc.);
(5) Air Stripping. A process by which the ammonium ion is first converted to diswlvod ammonia (pH adjustment) with the ammonia then released to the
aunosphers, by physical means; or other similar processes which romwe petroleum products such as benzene, toluene, and xyiens;
(6) Carbon Rsgoneration. The regeneration of exhausted argon by the use of a furnace to provide extrorroly high tompermures which voiat311zo and oxidize the
(7) Carbonaceous Stage. A stage of wastewater trealrrert designed to achieve 'socondary effluent off";
(8) Certdrlfuge. A mechanical device In which oewltrffugat force Is used to separate solids from liquids or to separate liquids of dlfforart donw.":
(it) Chemical AdcZon Systems- The addition of chemicW(s) to wastewater act an application point for purposes of kmprovtng solids removal. pH adjustment,
al lrinhy control, etc.; the apabMty to experimont with different chemicals and dltforont appfication points to achieve a specific result Will be considered one
system; the capability to add chomical(s) to dual untie will be rated as one system, capability to add a chemical at a different application points for dlfforent
purposes will rosuh in the systems being rated as separate "rams;
(10) Chemical Skadge Conditioning. The addition of a chemical compound such as are, forcc chloride. or a polymer to wet sludge to coalesce the mass prior to
Its apptcation to a dewateNng device;
(11) Closed Cycle Systoms. Use of holding ponds or holding tanks for containment of wastewater containing inorganic, non -toxic materials from sand, gravel,
crushed store or other simitar operations. Such systems shah carry a maximum of two points regardless of pumping facilities or any other appurtenances;
(12) Combined Removal of Carbonaceous BOD and Nitrogenous Removal by Nhrfficalbn- A single stage system required to achieve permit off lueR rmhs on BOD
and ammonia nitrogen within the same biological reactor,
(13) Dechiorination. The partial or conVIels reduction of residual chlorine in a liquid by any chemical or physical process;
(14) Donhrf -ation Process. The conversion of nhrato-nitrogen to nitrogen gas;