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HomeMy WebLinkAbout20030557 Ver 1_Year 4 Monitoring Report_200905210,)39 Shepherds Tree Stream and Wetland Restoration Project No. 333 2008 Monitoring Report (Final): Year 4 of 5 0 March 2009 ffr-(?[17-i 0WF91-4) ,11ar '; 1 2009 Prepared for: NCDENR-EEP 1652 Mail Service Center Raleigh, NC 27699-1652 Prepared by: Jordan, Jones, & Goulding 9101 Southern Pine Blvd., Suite 160 Charlotte, NC 28273 Di NR -WATER QUALITY VX-sLANDS AND STORMINATER BRANCH R E- C E , IV ED A F R I ?j 2009 0 Design Firm: KCI Associates of North Carolina, PA Suite 200 Landmark Center 1 4601 Six Forks Rd Raleigh, NC 27609 )?steni NC ECOSYSTEM ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM 1 ` • Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY SECTION 1- PROJECT BACKGROUND 1.1 Location and Setting ................................................................................................. 1-1 1.2 Mitigation Structure and Objectives ......................................................................... 1-1 1.3 Project History and Background ............................................................................... 1-3 1.4 Monitoring Plan View ............................................................................................... 1-4 • SECTION 2 - PROJECT CONDITION AND MONITORING RESULTS 2.1 Vegetation Assessment ............................................................................................. 2-1 2.1.1 Soil Data ..................................................................................................... 2-1 2.1.2 Vegetation Current Condition .................................................................... 2-2 2.1.3 Vegetation Current Condition Plan View .................................................. 2-2 2.1.4 Stem Counts ............................................................................................... 2-2 2.1.5 Vegetation Plot Photos ............................................................................... 2-4 2.2. Stream Assessment ................................................................................................... 2-4 2.2.1 Stream Current Condition Plan View ......................................................... 2-4 2.2.2 Stream Current Condition Table ................................................................. 2-4 2.2.3 Numbered Issues Photo Section .................................................................. 2-4 2.2.4 Fixed Photo Station Photos ......................................................................... 2-4 2.2.5 Hydrologic Criteria ..................................................................................... 2-5 2.3. Wetland Assessment ............................................................................................... 2-6 2.3.1 Wetland Current Condition Plan View ....................................................... 2-6 2.3.2 Wetland Criteria Attainment ....................................................................... 2-7 SECTION 3 - METHODOLOGY 3.1 Methodology .............................................................................................................. 3-1 • SECTION 4 - REFERENCES SECTION 5 - FIGURES SECTION 6 - APPENDICES Shepherds Tree Monitoring Report-FINAL Year 4 of 5 Project No. 333 Jordan, Jones, & Goulding March 2009 ii Table of Contents • List of Tables Table 1.1 Project Mitigation Structure and Objectives ........................................................ 1-2 Table 1.2 Project Activity and Reporting History ............................................................... 1-3 Table 1.3 Project Contacts ................................................................................................... 1-4 Table 1.4 Project Background .............................................................................................. 1-4 Table 2.1 Preliminary Soil Data ........................................................................................... 2-1 Table 2.2 Stem Counts for Planted Species Arranged by Plot ............................................. 2-3 Table 2.3 Verification of Bankfull Events ........................................................................... 2-6 Table 2.4 Wetland Criteria Attainment ................................................................................ 2-8 List of Figures Figure 1.1 Project Location and Watershed Map Figure 1.2 Monitoring Plan View Map List of Appendices Appendix 1 Vegetation Raw Data Appendix 2 Wetland Raw Data • Appendix 3 Current Condition Plan View (Integrated) • Shepherds Tree Monitoring Report-FINAL Year 4 of 5 Project No. 333 Jordan, Jones, & Goulding March 2009 0 iR EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 40 0 Executive Summary The Shepherds Tree Stream and Wetland Restoration Site is located in Iredell County and is a mitigation project for the North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT). The main goal of the Shepherds Tree Stream and Wetland Restoration Project was to re-establish an integrated wetland-stream complex that likely existed on the site before its historic disturbance. This wetland-stream complex was proposed to restore ecosystem processes, structure, and composition to mitigate for wetland functions and values that have been lost as a result of human induced disturbances in the Yadkin River Basin. The proposed mitigation plan included stream, wetland, and riparian restoration components. The project consisted of restoring approximately 10,704 linear feet of stream, 91 acres of forested wetland, and 5 acres of emergent wetland. The stream restoration component consisted of restoring approximately 9,904 linear feet of perennial stream and 800 linear feet of intermittent stream. A sinuous, stable pattern, with riffle-pool bed features was constructed. In- stream structures were installed to provide bank stabilization, habitat, and maintain grade control. Wetland restoration consisted of plugging and filling agricultural ditches and planting vegetation. Riparian areas were planted with native bare root seedlings and herbaceous cover to enhance the riparian areas, improve habitat, and stabilize streambanks. Beaver have been plentiful and persistent in making use of the channel since construction. As • per correspondence with North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program (NCEEP), a wildlife control contractor was dispatched by NCEEP on 2 separate control efforts to remove the beaver and the associated dams so that the stream could be evaluated under a fluvial state as opposed to one of partial impoundment. Due to some remnant dam material left by the contractor and the return of beaver to the site, impoundment and backwater conditions returned again in 2007 and 2008, interrupting normal fluvial conditions for significant portions of the project extent. Coupled with the historic drought conditions, it was decided by NCEEP to suspend morphological measurement until another control effort and more thorough clearing of remnant dam material could take place. Time is necessary for this stream to function as a fluvial system under something more similar to a normal flow regime before re-assessing the streams stability. Given the rapid re-colonization and persistent utilization of the site by beaver, NCEEP is requiring monthly monitoring for beaver activity by its contractors for the entire stream channel until further notice. The 2008 vegetation monitoring results indicated that the Shepherds Tree Site is meeting vegetative success criteria. JJG did not assess the vegetation plot 11 due to severe inundation conditions and beaver activity. The survival rate for the planted woody vegetation monitored for 2008 is approximately 94% which is down 5% from last year. There is an average of 26 live planted stems. The site density is approximately 456 planted stems per acre, which exceeds the year 4 goal of 290 planted stems per acre. A review of the natural recruits monitored indicates a current site density of approximately 772 stems per acre. There is an average of 44 recruitment stems per plot. Some loss of streambank vegetation has occurred in areas of beaver activity; however, the overall growth of the riparian buffer is good. Shepherds Tree Monitoring Report-FINAL Year 4 of 5 Project No. 333 Jordan, Jones, & Goulding March 2009 Page 2 Executive Summary Morphological monitoring will likely resume in 2009, which will include re-survey of the streams cross-sections. One of the 7 permits that apply to this site calls for morphological measurement. This special condition refers to cross-section re-survey for 5 years. When morphological measurement resumes it will be limited to cross-section re-survey and a general stability assessment to comply with the scope of monitoring specified in the permit conditions. Groundwater monitoring results from the 2008 monitoring year indicates that twelve of the seventeen groundwater gauges (1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16) achieved the wetland success criteria of saturation for 15 consecutive days (8%) during the growing season. Gauges 5, 7, 10, 17, and 18 did not meet the wetland success criteria. The lack of wetland hydrology at most of these gauges is likely attributable to the severe drought experienced during the 2007- 2008 monitoring period. Total precipitation between January 1 and October 31, 2008 was 15.08 inches, which is approximately 30 inches below the average for the Statesville area (Weather Underground, 2008). Currently, the Statesville area is considered to be experiencing moderate drought conditions (North Carolina State Climate Office, 2008) and does appear to have fully recovered from the drought experienced in the 2007 monitoring year. Overall, the Shepherds Tree Stream and Wetland Restoration Site is not meeting mitigation goals in all proposed areas. Although most of the site is meeting hydrological and vegetative criteria, some zones are exhibiting lower vegetation densities and some gauges are not meeting the hydrologic thresholds. The factors potentially contributing to this are described above. The site will be monitored again in 2009 and the impacts of more intensive beaver control efforts and the return to more average climatological conditions can then be observed. This report serves as the 4th year of the 5-year monitoring plan for the Shepherds Tree Stream and Wetland Restoration • Site. • Shepherds Tree Monitoring Report-FINAL Jordan, Jones, & Goulding Year 4 of 5 March 2009 Project No. 333 SECTION 1 PROJECT BACKGROUND 0 17-? SECTION 1 • PROJECT BACKGROUND The background information provided in this report is referenced from the NCDOT mitigation plan (prepared by KCI) and the previous monitoring report prepared by Soil and Environmental Consultants. 1.1 Location and Setting The Shepherds Tree Stream and Wetland Restoration Site is located in Iredell County, southeast of Statesville between Triplett Road (SR 2362) and Knox Farm Road (SR 2363) (Figure 1.1). The Shepherds Tree stream is a first order tributary of Third Creek, located within the Yadkin River watershed (HUC 03040102). The site drains approximately 1.06 square miles, occupying approximately 160 acres within the 2, 10, and 100 year floodplain of Third Creek. To access the site from Interstate 77, take exit 49A, Route 70, heading east. Drive approximately 6.0 miles to Triplett Road and turn right. Drive approximately 1.5 miles, at which point, look for a gravel parking spot on the left just before Cornflower Road. The restoration project is located where Triplett Road crosses the stream. • 1.2 Mitigation Structure and Objectives The Shepherds Tree Stream and Wetland Site was developed as a NCDOT project. The restoration site is located within the Outer Piedmont region of the Yadkin River Basin (HUC 03040102). Historically, the site was utilized for agricultural activities and improvement projects through the Civilian Conservation Corps, resulting in the re-alignment, ditching and berming of Third Creek. Adjacent floodplains and streams were also cleared, drained, and ditched. These activities are thought to have inhibited stream and wetland function within the site, resulting in a degraded riparian community. The goal of the Shepherds Tree Mitigation Project was to re-establish a wetland-stream system to restore ecosystem processes, structure, and composition to mitigate for wetland functions and values that have been lost as a result of human induced disturbances in the Yadkin River Basin. The project consisted of restoring approximately 10,704 linear feet of stream, 91 acres of forested wetland, and 5 acres of emergent wetland (Table 1.1). The stream restoration component consisted of restoring approximately 9,904 linear feet of perennial stream and 800 linear feet of intermittent stream. The majority of the stream construction consisted of relocating the stream channel and constructing an E channel at the elevation of the historic floodplain (Priority 1). • Shepherds Tree Monitoring Report-FINAL Jordan, Jones, & Goulding Year 4 of 5 March 2009 Project No. 333 Page 1-2 Project Background A sinuous, stable pattern, with riffle-pool bed features was constructed. The reach was enhanced • using vegetation and bank stabilization structures, such as single arm vanes, cross vanes, J- hooks, and root wads to maintain grade control. Wetland restoration consisted of plugging and filling agricultural ditches and planting vegetation. The riparian area for the unnamed tributary of Third Creek was planted with native bare root seedlings and herbaceous cover to enhance the riparian areas and stabilize streambanks. Table 1.1 Project Mitigation Structure and Objectives Shepherds Tree/Project No. 333 • Linear Stationing Segment/Reach Mitigation Type Approach Footage or (ft) Comments Acres Channel restoration, relocation Perennial Mainstem Reach R P1 9,9041f 0+00-99+04 with use of grade control and bank protection structures. Channel restoration, relocation Intermittent Tributary R P1 800 if 0+00-8+00 with use of grade control and bank protection structures. Restoration/Enhancement of Piedmont/Mountain R - 48.56 acres bottomland hardwood B l d H d d /A communities by breaching ottom an ar woo Forest N channel berms, plugging C - 37.71 acres drainage ditches and revegetation Restoration/Enhancement of swamp hardwood Piedmont/Mountain Swamp R - 5 acres N/A communities by breaching Hardwood Forest channel berms, plugging drainage ditches and reve etation Low Elevation Seep P - 4.54 acres N/A Preservation of an existing levee forest Phase III R P1 2841f N/A Channel Relocation Component Summations Wetland (ac) Restoration Level Stream (if) Non- Upland (ac) Buffer (ac) BMP Riparian Riparian Restoration (R) 10,988 53.56 N/A N/A N/A N/A Enhancement (E) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Enahncement I (E) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Enhancement II (E) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Creation (C) N/A 37.71 N/A N/A N/A N/A Preservation (P) N/A 4.54 N/A N/A N/A N/A HQ Preservation (P) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Totals 10,988 95.61 N/A N/A N/A N/A Shepherds Tree Monitoring Report-FINAL Year 4 of 5 Project No. 333 Jordan, Jones, & Goulding March 2009 1-3 Project Background is 40 1.3 Project History and Background The stream and wetland enhancement/restoration was designed by KCI Associates of North Carolina, PA. Construction activities were completed in 2004. Monitoring has been conducted annually from 2005 to present. Beaver have been plentiful and persistent in making use of the channel since construction. As per correspondence with North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program (NCEEP), a wildlife control contractor was dispatched by NCEEP on 2 separate control efforts to remove the beaver and the associated dams so that the stream could be evaluated under a fluvial state as opposed to one of partial impoundment. Due to some remnant dam material left by the contractor and the return of beaver to the site, impoundment and backwater conditions returned again in 2007 and 2008, interrupting normal fluvial conditions for significant portions of the project extent. Coupled with the historic drought conditions, it was decided by NCEEP to suspend morphological measurement until another control effort and more thorough clearing of remnant dam material could take place. Time is necessary for this stream to function as a fluvial system under something more similar to a normal flow regime before re- assessing the streams stability. Given the rapid re-colonization and persistent utilization of the site by beaver, NCEEP is requiring monthly monitoring for beaver activity by its contractors for the entire stream channel until further notice. As a result, morphological measurement of the cross-sections and longitudinal profile were not preformed in 2005, 2007, and 2008. This report serves as year 4 of the 5 year monitoring plan for Shepherds Tree Stream and Wetland Restoration Site. Tables 1.2 and 1.3 provide detailed project activity, history and contact information for this project. Table 1.4 provides more in-depth watershed/site background for the project. Table 1.2 Project Activity and Reporting History Shepherds Tree/Project No. 333 Activity or Report Data Collection Completed Actual Completion or Deliver Restoration Plan N/A June 2001 Final Design-90% N/A N/A Construction N/A 2004 Temporary S&E mix applied to entire project area* Fall 2001 Fall 2001 Permanent seed mix applied to reach Spring 2002 Spring 2002 Mitigation Plan/ As-Built (Year 0 Monitoring) June 2001 June 2001 Year 1 Monitoring December 2005 February 2006 Year 2 Monitoring September 2006 January 2007 Year 3 Monitoring October 2007 November 2007 Year 4 Monitoring June 2008/October 2008 December 2008 Year 5 Monitoring TBD TBD ovou aim muicn is auueu as eacn section or construction is completed. • Shepherds Tree Monitoring Report-FINAL Year 4 of 5 Project No. 333 Jordan, Jones, & Goulding March 2009 Page 1-4 Project Background Table 1.3 Project Contacts Shepherds Tree/Project No. 333 KCI Associates of North Carolina, PA Designer Suite 200 Landmark Center I 4601 Six Forks Rd Raleigh, NC 27609 Contractor's Name (Phase I NCDOT Highway Maintenance Contractor's Name Phase II Northstate Environmental Contractor's Name Phase III NCDOT Bridge and Highway Maintenance Planting Contractor Unknown Seeding Contractor Unknown Jordan, Jones, & Goulding Monitoring Performers 9101 Southern Pine Blvd., Suite 160 Charlotte, NC 28273 Stream Monitoring, POC Kirsten Young, 704-527-4106 ext.246 Vegetation Monitoring, POC Table 1.4 Project Background Shepherds Tree/Project No. 333 Project County Iredell, North Carolina Drainage Area 2.17 s mi Drainage impervious cover estimate -10% Stream Order First Ph sio ra hic Region Piedmont Ecore ion Outer Piedmont Ros en Classification of As-built E5 Cowardin Classification R2UB34 Dominant soil types Chewalca, Cona ree USGS HUC for Project and Reference 03040102 NCDWQ Sub-basin for Project and Reference 030706 NCDWQ classification for Project and Reference C An portion of an project segment 303d list? No An portion of an project segment upstream of a 303d listed segment? No Reason for 303d listing or stressor? N/A % of NCDOT property fenced? 100% 1.4 Monitoring Plan View The monitoring plan view map (Figure 1.2) illustrates the location of the longitudinal profile stations, cross-section stations, vegetation plots, and photo points. A total of sixteen cross- sections and approximately 3,300 linear feet of longitudinal profile were established within the stream and wetland restoration project. A total of ten previously established vegetation plots and four additional vegetation plots were monitored by JJG in 2007 and 2008. Seventeen groundwater monitoring gauges and four surface water gauges were previously installed by NCDOT and downloaded on a monthly basis. Stream morphological assessments were not conducted in the 2008 monitoring year per NCEEP request. Shepherds Tree Monitoring Report-FINAL Year 4 of 5 Project No. 333 Jordan, Jones, & Goulding March 2009 o7t • SECTION 2 PROJECT CONDITION AND MONITORING RESULTS 0 • • SECTION 2 PROJECT CONDITION AND MONITORING RESULTS The following monitoring results are from the 2008 (year 4 of 5) survey. 2.1 Vegetation Assessment Approximately 91 acres were planted with various native hardwood tree and shrub species for the Shepherds Tree Stream and Wetland Restoration Project. Previous monitoring reports indicated that ten 50 ft by 50 ft monitoring plots were established by NCDOT for this project. During the 2006, 2007, and 2008 monitoring conducted by JJG, fourteen vegetative plots were identified and monitored, which is different than the ten originally reported to have been established. For the first three years of monitoring, the site must meet a success criterion of 320 live stems per acre. The site density must be 290 stems per acre at the end of year 4 and 260 stems per acre at the end of year 5. For the initial assessment (MY-2006), JJG counted the previously mentioned stems from the 2005 monitoring report as the planted stems. For those species that were not previously mentioned, JJG counted them as natural volunteers. When calculating stem density, natural volunteers increases the overall number greatly; therefore, raises the calculated stem density. 2.1.1 Soil Data The Shepherds Tree Stream and Wetland Restoration Project is situated in the Outer Piedmont of the North Carolina Piedmont Physiographic Region. The soil types mapped within the riparian area adjacent to the project resemble those found in alluvial landforms of this physiographic region. The two dominating soil mapping units that are located within the project are Chewacla (Cw) and Conagree (Cy) soils. These soils are fine loamy alluvial materials that are somewhat poorly drained. Both soils are listed on the Hydric Soils of North Carolina for Iredell County. Please refer to Table 2.1 for preliminary soil data for the project area. Table 2.1 Preliminary Soil Data Shepherds Tree/Project No. 333 0 Soil Series Max Depth inches % Clay on Surface K Factor T Factor OM /o Chewacla Cw 60 10-35 0.28 5 1.0-4.0 Congaree C 70 10-25 0.37 5 1.0-4.0 Shepherds Tree Monitoring Report-FINAL Year 4 of 5 Project No. 333 Jordan, Jones, & Goulding March 2009 Page 2-2 Project Condition and Monitoring Results 2.1.2 Vegetative Current Condition During the vegetative survey conducted in June 2008, it was noted that vegetative zones appear to be developing well with the exception of areas impacted by beaver activity. There are indicators of surficial wetland hydrology within the floodplain and along the previous channel location. Some of the observed floodplain hydrology is due to the beaver impoundments. As a result, isolated portions of the floodplain and riparian areas are inundated for extended periods. Floodplain and riparian areas located on the north side of the restored channel between station 4+00 and the confluence of the tributary and main channel (approximate stationing at 77+75) are typically more inundated than areas along the south side of the restored channel; however gauge data suggests that within isolated areas the south side soils appear to be saturated within the upper 12 inches isolated areas. Within the vegetation plots, the combined number of recruitment specimens and surviving saplings exceeds the survival count from the previous year's monitoring. Recruitment species include sweet gum (Liquidambar styraciflua), boxelder (Acer negundo), red maple (Acer rubrum), cottonwood (Populus deltoides), winged elm (Ulmus alata), and American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis). Woody species such as black willow (Salix nigra) and tag alder (Alnus serrulata) planted along the streambank are doing well providing both stream cover and streambank stability. However, in areas of excessive beaver activity, some of these specimens have been removed or perished due to extended periods of inundation. The following problems should continue to be monitored. Please refer to Appendix 1.1 and 1.2 for more details on vegetative current condition areas and photos. 0 2.1.3 Vegetative Current Condition Plan View Please refer to Appendix 3 for location of vegetative current condition areas onsite and Appendix 1.2 for representative vegetation current condition photos. 2.1.4 Stem Counts JJG conducted the 2008 (year 4 of 5) vegetative assessment and vegetative plot analysis in June 2008. Fourteen 50 ft by 50 ft vegetative plots were assessed for the 2008 monitoring year. Vegetation assessments were conducted following the NCDOT Stem Counting Protocol which consists of counting woody stems within the established vegetation plots. According to the 2005 monitoring report, ten plots were previously established and monitored by NCDOT. During the 2006 monitoring year, JJG identified four additional plots to monitor for vegetative success. The 2005 monitoring report states that the following tree and shrub species were planted in the wetland restoration areas: black willow, green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica), tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera), American sycamore, water oak (Quercus nigra), box-elder, swamp chestnut oak (Quercus machauxii), cherrybark oak (Quercus pagoda), willow oak (Quercus phellos), and buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis). Please refer to Tables 2.2 and 2.3 for the vegetation monitoring results. Please refer to Appendix 1.1 for the summary data tables of the plots monitored. • Shepherds Tree Monitoring Report-FINAL Jordan, Jones, & Goulding Year 4 of 5 March 2009 Project No. 333 i N ? N N a ? 0 0 c? 0 O U U O a O a "O ? M C M ?z ? V V N y 'O N L V ? ? "fl y R C> L a ? L V w ? a ? 0 0 U E 00 r-+ ? O .-a M N O\ O ? M O\ R , N r O? O ? 00 [? M ?O N [? .-+ ? R > E? d 0 O\ N 00 O r 0 r M O N MO O? '? z z z z z in q N M M ?O Q N N 00 00 N p M O rSy \° C ? "' O M •--? ? ? 0 O ? O •--? N ? N ? . ?O O N L N ? O e r O M N M N O M th O\ -. p ?Q ^? N N N 00 00 N O O M N O N M O N ?fi o ?n M ? M ? 00 M M N V1 _ --i N 0 ? M •? N C ? O ? M N N M v1 O M 7 O e ^I. N .--+ N N N OO -•? ?' M M 00 M M 00 00 fi ti U Cf vcs a o o 00 ° u o y ? o d 06 ;? O r v ,s o N es o Q .s ? • Ct a a Ci ti ro, Y N O 1 U .?. v p e0 y C N ^? y ? O b Q O U O ; S la a O ?: .S O U fi O y O Z V n U O t U r "C ?'' ..Oi }? CS N .1' O d w .b O o U ti W O. y o ,y U r U V V U p 3 as O x ro : U " o o v ?, 3 O a? U ?a o o -°' 3 0 v ° °• 3 a A a U o -o ¢ .fl 3 .d d o 3 ' O .. N ?? O O R L u o a? v ?. N ?, o CE O a O 0 0 0 aa ? H a 3 3 o w ?Z- U a? r~ d v? a r? c? H ¢0 3 ca ? U 3 r? aa ? H 3 ? x ? ?D U OA O? O O ;.d O O d a? O 0 ti 0 b 0 ti z w t 0 .o 0 N M ? M (~ M -? z o O y • 0 0 Page 2-4 Project Condition and Monitoring Results The current condition of the vegetation developed and the loss of flagging tape on some trees • made it difficult to identify which stems were planted and which stems were natural recruitment. Therefore, for this year's survey, the largest trees were recorded as the planted specimens and the smaller stems were recorded as natural recruitment. JJG did not assess the vegetation plot 11 due to severe inundation conditions and beaver activity. The survival rate for the planted woody vegetation monitored for 2008 is approximately 94%, which is down 5% from last year. There is an average of 26 live planted stems. The site density is approximately 456 planted stems per acre, which exceeds the year 4 goal of 290 planted stems per acre. A review of the natural recruits monitored indicates a current site density of approximately 772 stems per acre. There is an average of 44 recruitment stems per plot. Some loss of streambank vegetation has occurred in areas of beaver activity; however, the overall growth of the riparian buffer is good. In conclusion, the stream and riparian restoration project has exceeded the success requirements for year 4 goal of 290 stems per acre. Although some loss of streambank vegetation has occurred in areas of beaver activity, the overall growth of the riparian buffer is good. 2.1.5 Vegetation Plot Photos Please refer to Appendix 1.3 for photographs of the monitoring plots. 2.2 Stream Assessment 2.2.1 Stream Current Condition Plan View • Please refer to Appendix 3 for location of stream current condition on-site. 2.2.2 Stream Current Condition Table Please refer to Appendix 1.1 for the stream current condition table. 2.2.3 Numbered Issues Photo Section Please refer to Appendix 1.2 for representative stream current condition photos. 2.2.4 Stability Assessment Stream dimension, pattern, profile, and substrate were not evaluated in the 2008 monitoring year per NCEEP request. The restored stream reach was visually assessed from the upstream point of the project (approximately 285 if upstream of Triplett Road) to the confluence with Third Creek. Overall, the restored channel has been impacted from beaver activity, resulting in inundated or backwater conditions within certain areas of the channel. The following general observations were noted: ¦ Areas within the site still appear to have back water conditions due to relict beaver dams that have not been completely removed and from new beaver dams that have recently been built. • Inundation levels vary throughout the restoration reach. Shepherds Tree Monitoring Report-FINAL Jordan, Jones, & Goulding Year 4 of 5 March 2009 Project No. 333 Page 2-5 Project Condition and Monitoring Results • • • ¦ Moderate to severe bank erosion is occurring throughout the stream reach, primarily in areas where beavers previously impacted the hydrology. Animal holes ranging in sizes from 1 to 3 feet in diameter start from the top of bank and continue through the bank, ending at water's edge. Also, animal slides down the side of the bank exist throughout the entire site. ¦ Lack of vegetation along the banks is common, and vegetative cover is very inconsistent throughout the stream reach. Approximately, from station 29+40 to 36+75, the stream banks have little to no vegetation, but the coir matting is still intact with the bank. Further downstream, bare banks are evident with some new vegetation growth. ¦ Beaver chews were observed from stationing 29+40 through 42+12. Typically, chews were observed on bare banks with little to no vegetation. ¦ Along some areas, one or both banks have collapsed forming a bench within the channel. These areas appear relatively stable, but the channel dimensions have likely changed from the designed cross-section. ¦ There were several areas of very slow flow resulting in emergent wetland vegetation such as broad-leaved cattail (Typha latifolia) and soft rush Ouncus effuses) forming within the channel and in areas of bank slumping. Primarily, this in-stream vegetation growth is occurring between stationing 9+00 to 46+00. ¦ There are ten areas with old and new beaver dams located along the restored channel; stationing 2+50, 29+00, 35+50, 45+50, 46+01, 79+00, 80+01, 84+01, 82+00, and 84+40. Most dams are resulting in channel inundation at or above top of bank upstream of the dams. ¦ Aggradation is occurring throughout the reaches where there is in-stream vegetation or previous inundations as a result from beaver activity. Pools and riffles are filling in and several structures are either buried or flooded. This could be due to previous beaver activity; inundated areas most likely experienced heavy sediment deposition due to reduced flow velocities. ¦ Bank scour around rootwad, cross-vane, and j-hook structures is occurring, creating stressed conditions. Rootwad structures are typically failing (stationing 40+00, 47+50, 63+75, and 70+50) due to scouring. One j-hook and one cross-vane structure have failed, respectively at stationing 65+50 and 67+50, mainly due to scour around the arms. ¦ At approximate stationing 86+00, the rock rip-rap is failing, exposing raw bank. 2.2.5 Hydrologic Criteria Four surface gauges are located within the Shepherds Tree project site. Table 2.6 below, verifies that one bankfull or greater event occurred within the Shepherds Tree restoration project in monitoring year 2008. Not all of the surface gauges recorded bankfull events. This is most likely due to beaver activity within the project site. Shepherds Tree Monitoring Report-FINAL Year 4 of 5 Project No. 333 Jordan, Jones, & Goulding March 2009 Paae 2-6 Project Condition and Monitoring Results • 0 • Table 2.3 Verification of Bankfull Events Shepherds Tree/Project No. 333 Date of Collection Date of Occurrence Method Photo # if available 6/2005 Unknown Surface Gauge 1 and 3 N/A 8/2005 Unknown Surface Gauge 1 and 3 N/A 10/2005 Unknown Surface Gauge 1 N/A 12/2005 Unknown Surface Gauge 1 N/A 11/2006 Unknown Surface Gauge 3 N/A 12/2006 Unknown Surface Gauge 3 N/A 1/2007 Unknown Surface Gauge 3 N/A 3/2007 Unknown Surface Gauge 3 N/A 8/2008 Unknown Surface Gauge 3 N/A 9/2008 Unknown Surface Gauge 3 N/A 2.3 Wetland Assessment Seventeen groundwater monitoring gauges, one rain gauge, and four surface water gauges are located on site. The monitoring gauges are programmed to download water levels daily and were downloaded monthly from January to October in order to capture hydrologic data during the 2008 growing season. The target wetland hydrology success criterion is saturation or inundation for at least 8 percent (15 days) of the growing season in the lower landscape (floodplain) locations. To achieve the above hydrologic success criterion, ground water levels need to be within 12-inches of the ground surface for 15 consecutive days of the April 14 to October 24 growing season for Iredell County, North Carolina. 2.3.1 Wetland Current Condition Plan View Results from the 2008 hydrology monitoring indicate the wetland restorations status is fair and is not meeting the wetland success criteria at all groundwater gauges. Five of the seventeen gauges (5, 7, 10, 17, and 18) did not meet the wetland success criteria. The lack of wetland hydrology at most of these gauges is most likely attributable to the severe drought experienced during the 2007-2008 monitoring period. In addition to the abnormal hydrological conditions listed above, topographic constraints may also be contributing to the lack of wetland hydrological success at gauges 5 and 7. Beaver impoundments have also created backwater areas, creating higher water levels within the floodplain and riparian areas. As a result, gauges located near the beaver impoundments are recording higher groundwater elevations (typically above surface elevation). Between 2006 and 2008, beaver control efforts were undertaken by wildlife control contractors on several occasions to remove beaver and associated dams so that the stream could be evaluated under a fluvial state as opposed to one of partial impoundment. Due to a combination of remnant dam material being left by the contractor on some occasions and the apparent plentiful and persistent population in the area, complete removal has been difficult and impoundment of some sections of the project has persisted. In fall 2008 the site has been put on a monthly schedule for control and removal in an attempt to return normal flow conditions. All gauges successfully downloaded throughout the growing season with the exception of surface gauge 2, groundwater gauge 12, and the rain gauge. Surface gauge 2 was inaccessible Shepherds Tree Monitoring Report-FINAL Year 4 of 5 Project No. 333 Jordan, Jones, & Goulding March 2009 Page 2-7 Project Condition and Monitoring Results throughout the later part of the 2008 monitoring year due to high backwater conditions. Gauge is 12 failed in early October, but was replaced in November during our final site visit. However, due to malfunction after our October site visit, no data was recorded following October 7, 2008. The rain gauge had ants continually nested within the gauge throughout the summer and into the fall season. As a result, the gauge was clogging and data was not recorded. In October, maintenance was performed and the NCEEP wetland specialist was notified. Off-site daily precipitation was obtained from Weather Underground for the Statesville, NC weather station (the nearest offering daily precipitation data) in lieu of the months that the on-site rain gauge data was unavailable. 2.3.2 Wetland Criteria Attainment Groundwater monitoring in 2008 indicates that twelve of the seventeen groundwater gauges (1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16) achieved the wetland success criteria of saturation for 15 consecutive days (8%) during the growing season. Gauges 5, 7, 10, 17, and 18 did not meet the wetland success criteria. The lack of wetland hydrology at most of these gauges is likely attributable to the severe drought experienced during the 2007-2008 monitoring period. Total precipitation between January 1 and October 31, 2008, was 15.08 inches, which is approximately 30 inches below the average for the Statesville area (Weather Underground, 2008). Currently, the Statesville area is considered to be experiencing moderate drought conditions (North Carolina State Climate Office, 2008) and does not appear to have fully recovered from the drought experienced in the 2007 monitoring year. In addition to the abnormal hydrological conditions listed above, topographic constraints may • also be contributing to the lack of wetland hydrological success at gauges 5 and 7. Each of these gauges appears to be situated within areas of higher elevation (relative to the other gauge locations) and topographic divide between Third Creek and the restored tributary; thus potentially receiving insufficient groundwater flows adequate to support wetland hydrology at these locations. Please refer to Appendix 2 for wetland raw data tables and plots and Table 2.4 for a summary of wetland criteria attainment. • Shepherds Tree Monitoring Report-FINAL Year 4 of 5 Project No. 333 Jordan, Jones, & Goulding March 2009 Page 2-8 Project Condition and Monitoring Results is • • Table 2.4 Wetland Criteria Attainment Shepherds Tree Stream and Wetland Restoration/Project No: 333 Gauge ID Hydrology Threshold Met (Y/N) Hydrology Met During Growing Season (%) Vegetation Plot ID Vegetation Survival Threshold Met (Y/N) Gauge 1 Y 25 Plot 1 Y Gauge 2 Y 100 Plot 2 N Gauge 3 Y 29 Plot 3 Y Gauge 4 Y 37 Plot 4 Y Gauge 5 N 0 Plot 5 Y Gauge 6 Y 83 Plot 6 Y Gauge 7 N 12 Plot 7 Y Gauge 8 Y 66 Plot 8 Y Gauge 10 N 8 Plot 9 Y Gauge 11 Y 100 Plot 10 N Gauge 12 Y 85 Plot 11 Y Gauge 13 Y 90 Plot 12 Y Gauge 14 Y 89 Plot 13 Y Gauge 15 Y 87 Plot 14 Y Gauge 16 Y 86 Gauge 17 N 8 Gauge 18 N 16 Shepherds Tree Monitoring Report-FINAL Year 4 of 5 Project No. 333 Jordan, Jones, & Goulding March 2009 i JJG • SECTION 3 METHODOLOGY • 0 SECTION 3 • METHODOLOGY 3.1 Methodology Methods employed for the Shepherds Tree Stream and Wetland Restoration Project were a combination of those established by standard regulatory guidance and procedures documents (see below), the Shepherds Tree Mitigation Plan (state project no. 6.769001t) submitted by the NCDOT (prepared by KCI) and the Soil and Environmental Consultants monitoring reports. Vegetation assessments were conducted following the NCDOT protocol which consists of counting woody stems within the established vegetation plots. JJG used the Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, Georgia, and surrounding areas by Alan S. Weakley as the taxonomic standard for vegetation nomenclature for this report. Precipitation data for the hydrographs was obtained from both on-site and off-site resources. Off-site daily precipitation was obtained from Weather Underground for the Statesville, NC weather station (the nearest offering daily precipitation data) through the following URL. http://www.wunderground.comlhistorylailportIKSVH/2008/1 /1ICustomHistory.html?dgyend=31 &monthend=10&yearend=2008&req city=NA&req state=NA&req statename=NA&MR=1 • • Shepherds Tree Monitoring Report-FINAL Jordan, Jones, & Goulding Year 4 of 5 March 2009 Project No. 333 0 • SECTION 4 REFERENCES E Ll 9 SECTION 4 REFERENCES Martin, W. and Nunnally, N. 2001. Air and Water: An Introduction to the Atmosphere and the Hydrosphere. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque, Iowa. NCDOT. 2001. Shepherds Tree Mitigation Plan (state project no. 6.769001t). Raleigh, NC. Radford, A.E., H.A. Ahles, and C.R. Bell. 1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas. University of North Carolina Chapel Hill. Rosgen, D L. (1996) Applied River Morphology. Wildland Hydrology Books, Pagosa Springs, CO. Soil and Environmental Consultants, PA. 2006. Shepherds Tree Stream and Wetland Restoration 2005 Annual Monitoring Report (Year 1). Raleigh, NC. State Climate Office of North Carolina (SCONC). 2007. Data retrieval from Statesville for 1948-01-01 through 2007-01-01. NC CRONOS Database, Raleigh, North Carolina. USACOE (2003) Stream Mitigation Guidelines. USACOE, USEPA, NCWRC, NCDENR-DWQ USACOE (1987) Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual. Tech report Y-87-1. AD/A 176 Weakley, A.S. 2008. Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, Georgia, Northern Florida, and Surrounding Areas (Draft April 2008). University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill: Chapel Hill, NC. Shepherds Tree Monitoring Report-FINAL Year 4 of 5 Project No. 333 Jordan, Jones, & Goulding March 2009 0 0 SECTION 5 FIGURES • 171 0311 ? y f ? 4\ T •f tl 1 -?i f r i ! 1 j " ?i D r, t '" _v ! it ? t1 ? 1 ? : ? I? I ? f? 7 ; ? < ?fr. ? `? Q.•r a. , is i r? f.? ? i ?? y II ? ??J '. l' S, r . ! 1 ley . - -_/ ? .1r r i.,' l'f,? 1 a 'I t r 1 I f 'V ti ., t .,,'? ;. _ ~`-•._, _ _?!? J/ l t\, off r BM Legend Restoration Site Location I 7 P C t W F ^•,...,-^-. t .? mss-, f+' ,C .'.A Project Watershed Y ,. u 1p 1,500 750 0 { 1,500 Streams Feet .? ' _ Figure 1.1 Project Location and Watershed Map Shepherds Tree Stream and Wetland Restoration Project No. 333 Ir?Y?lv?teln Iredell County, NC February 2009 Year 4 of 5 sa a, CY) 'dt O ffi s Ay O C,4 > LLJ Z i, Lr) Y 0 APF ROXIMATE Q 0 rr s; cr O o c O Cl Na? 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I Q_ Ln 9l SX I rn m w 0 Q c? 0 0 0 a 0 L W CD Q C? m O 0 N LL. >- Ln O Q o o Lr) D 0 Of .-- 0 ?o m _II O0 w 0 w O z w m P a Q U m O 0 V) M0 Q a O O, Q? V) a LLJ 3.1 - W z W Z J N Z J LJJ M :2 zQ ?Z w LLJ o - ?N CO w w F- cn ? Z r t- O (n ? Oo U w w= U w Z V) Q ro ?- z OHO z 0 ctf C) LL. Q Z p UJUo"t J O -) w?-F- ly- O D o_ z Q Of WOOw a_Iz:?i >- o_ w w U Z ?w m~ Q D wX DO > It Ow o_ o- Q_ Q w QQ D cn w Z ?O Q -? U QO o= J w Z J LL] LLJ J F-- (.D Q O Z N N n {j I( U ?r S r s 9 ?o 38 n9 I3 33s Oct 00+29 *ViS 3NI?HOiVVI !I 00 I rn cn rn > O ?c , O ? k to N U ear -_? O O r 8 I 00?? /\ lx ? N N I U O/ S? 1p xpp O ? 4cu I > N r_, 7 V-?I I TT?l O N V 0 +1 w F O l w O p J/l ? ? II ? 1 (? u > t N Op -?L t 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 SECTION 6 APPENDICES Appendix I - Vegetation Raw Data Appendix 2 - Wetland Raw Data Appendix 3 - Current Condition Plan View Map (Integrated) • 0 • AG APPENDIX 1 VEGETATION RAW DATA • 1. Vegetation Survey Data Tables* 2. Representative Vegetation Current Condition Photos 3. Vegetation Monitoring Plot Photos *Raw data tables have been provided electronically. Shepherds Tree Monitoring Report-FINAL Year 4 of 5 Project No. 333 Jordan, Jones, & Goulding March 2009 E • Shepherds Tree Main Channel Feature Issue Station Numbers Suspected Cause Photo ID # 23+00 - 23+50 24+10 - 24+35 Scour and bare banks along - LB 25+12-25+37 25+65 - 25+75 Scour and bare banks along - RB 26+00 - 26+40 Scour and bare banks along - LB 29+00-30+25 Unstable, bare banks - LB 29+00-29+80 Unstable, bare banks - RB 45+16-45+52 Scour and bare banks along - LB k i d 47+13-47+48 Unstable, bare banks - LB 1 Ban Eros on - Mo erate 47+55-47+95 Unstable, bare banks - LB 48+33-48+58 Unstable, bare banks - RB 48+84-49+11 Unstable, bare banks - LB 49+32-49+65 Unstable, bare banks - RB 49+89-50+13 Unstable, bare banks - LB 50+43-50+57 Unstable, bare banks - RB 88+20-88+50 Scour under matting, loose matting - LB 88+85-88+95 Scour under matting, loose matting - LB 94+40-94+50 Scour under matting, loose matting - LB 30+50-31+00 Severe bank erosion, lack of vegetation protection - RB 36+05-36+15 Severe bank erosion, lack of vegetation protection - LB 40+60-40+62 Scour under matting, lack of vegetation - RB 42+30 - 42+33 Scour under matting, lack of vegetation - RB B k E i S 43+10 - 43+15 Lack of vegetation cover- old beaver slides - BB 2 an ros on - evere 44+10 - 44+55 Lack of vegetation cover- old beaver slides - LB 47+00 - 47+20 Severe bank erosion, lack of vegetation protection - LB 80+10-80+40 Severe bank erosion, lack of vegetation protection - LB 81+80-81+90 Severe bank erosion, lack of vegetation protection - LB 95+55 - 96+55 Severe bank erosion no matting - RB 20+20-20+80 21+40 - 21+80 Bank slump - BB Bank Slump 44+10 - 44+60 3 46+50 - 47+00 Bank slumped into channel, forming inner berm - BB 29+00-45+25 Matting in-place, little to no vegetation, and beaver chews evident - BB 45+90-46+10 Bare bank - BB Poor Vegetation Cover 46+50-54+25 Bare banks, no matting, sporadic black willow - BB 4 86+30-86+70 Bare bank no matting, - LB 87+10-88+20 Loose matting - BB 95+10-95+40 9+00- 12+50 Dead Vegetation from previous growing season in middle of channel- 12+70 - 13+80 Cattail T ha lati olia and Panicum s p. 14+50-19+70 19+90-20+10 In-Stream Vegetation 20+25 - 20+80 5 21+20 - 21+45 Sporadic Vegetation growth from previous season 22+30-22+47 23+45 - 23+65 28+00-40+00 2+50 Old beaver dam with notch 5+60 8+00 New beaver dam 29+00 35+50 Old beaver dam with small notch B D 46+01 eaver ams 78+00 New beaver dam, extends onto flood lain 6 79+00 Old b 80+01 eaver dam 82+00 New beaver dam 84+35 Old beaver dam 98+00 Old beaver dam with small notch 0+00-8+00 Structures inundated by backwater as a result of Beaverdams Inundation-Back Water Areas 54+25-82+00 Channel inundated over TOB from Beaverdams 9 96+00 - 98+00 Channel inundated, but not over TOB from Beaverdams Structure - Stressed 51+50 J-hook structure number 13-scour behind arm 81+75 Cross-vane structure number 30, bank scour around arm 7 12+50,14+00 J-hook structures number 2 and 3 inundated 13+25, 17+00, 28+00 Cross-vane structures number 9, 10, and 14 inundated 28+75 J-hook structure number 7 inundated Structure - Failed 37+25 J-hook structure number 9 inundated 38+00 Cross-vane structure number 17 inundated 8 40+00 Rootwad structure failed-scour around structure 47+50 Rootwad structure failed-scour around structure 54+25-80+00 All structures inundated b backwater as a result of Beaverdams Lb - Len bank LooKmg L)ownstream, Rb - Right Bank Looking Downstream, BB - Both Banks, TOB - Top of Bank Appendix 1.1 Vegetation Survey Data Tables Shepherds Tree Stream and Wetland Restoration Year 4 of 5 0 O N N N a. N N O O 0 W 1 c? G? N O O N N N T3 O O O O W cCf /-1 00 O O N N O O O O U c? 00 O O N N _O M Q? M O M O M N c ..O N L=. O z U N .? a O a 0 0 O N ? o 03 a? H O .-O N V] i. O w ? CIS ?L O O S; 0 0 U C i, i, U 0 e? au ?s c a? CO N r-i Y4 Z7 O ? M O f7 O M N b cz N LL ? I O z 00 0 0 N Q N V 0 O N O O O 00 U ? O Q a O O .L AO C O w L: ? O o U w s, a4 1 U oc O O N N O O bA cC tj N s, oc O O N N_ "d N O U O a. o ? au 4-4 cn a? H ? .-O ." V] ? CL ?L is iA' 'A ^ O0 O O N N _O bA .O O 00 O O N O a bA O O oc O O N _O bA O O 00 O O N M _O b4 O O O? M O M O Cl) N c L w LU 0 z ct o O ? O c? a 71 o o l V v H cn M p., ^O V] G2. L 0 L ? W -r 5 k a 00 O O N W ^_O ?I .O O f? -I r s c c» F € z , , u w 4 ?` oc O O N _O a bA O O ?? r t:: k 'Ma... tp• u y'uN -14, m 9 ."? ry4i Xy + ?. ' q? Y ill p O? M O M O M N 03 N Gz1 Q OC O C) U cz am N Q G .. 00 O QI Abp AY O ? O y\? 11"? ----111 v.y iOI ?t O a ? FBI ?. FV O er! Lr) v O cd 7t N 1FI `V Q V1 / r 7? M V] CL C. O O N _O bOA O O ? j ? C a O\ M O M O M N N v I w 00 O O N O O bA O O o^O O O N a1 _O C? bA O O 4* ' .x 1-11 ooc O O N N O bq O O O z U N .? ccz O Q a O ? O a C? ?r 03 ? O ? O 03 03 O U N ? N r? ? M is O '" 4 T iJ 5. ?VO Its, 4 x? Q? M O M O M N b 03 .t1 ?r N I? Q O i-I rA ?.d a a ,c ? o o a? Fy ? M p., ^C C M _O bA •O O-II LL. D ri Cti ? Q. a E • • re 1. Data Tables for Hydrological Data* 2. Precipitation - Water Level Plots for Gauges* *Raw data tables have been provided electronically. Shepherds Tree Monitoring Report-FINAL Year 4 of 5 Project No. 333 APPENDIX 2 WETLAND RAW DATA Jordan, Jones, & Goulding March 2009 • • ( ui) slunowV uoijri!dioald ? N oo ? ?h N ^? ^? 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O O O O O 800Z/ I Z/0l 800Z/L/0 I 800Z/£Z/6 800Z/6/6 C7 800Z /9Z/8 3 U 8002/ZI/8 a 800Z/6Z/L I 800Z/S I /L Q p 800Z/ I /L 80OZ/L I/9 ? o 800Z/£/9 Y ? z 3 Q ? 8002/OZ/9 O r? V/ y 800Z/9/9 I ,i a. 8002/ZZ/b 800Z/8/t, C 8002/SZ/£ Q 8002/II/£ ai c CC 8002/9Z/Z c O 8002/Zl/Z 800Z/6Z/ I 800Z/9 l/l 800Z/ l / l o n o ? o ? o n o n N N M M IT IT ((lull!qju-UI) UOIJEADIA V2 op a C7 0 C? L N a rz cz a 3?0 .y Y U U 3.. N ? N X fl. 'O N ? t1. a. Q PC E APPENDIX 3 CURRENT CONDITION PLAN VIEW (INTEGRATED) • • 1. Current Condition Plan View (Integrated) Shepherds Tree Monitoring Report-FINAL Year 4 of 5 Project No. 333 Jordan, Jones, & Goulding March 2009 r° rn Y 0 }- ?_.... w ` `O Y 0 APPROXIMATE. o° 00 o w,u?n,r r. • ?? .w F * &'' 0 LLJ x p W J F- ' Q U M YaF 0 (/ n' LL O e m q h gi ?` a «? OZ % z N $ 4L 1 ,§ ? Q cy- Ljj r a" 44 n + T, 4j! Lij t y J «". ?- • ; z H 'j LLJ X j n ?y J Its' ^t. - - . t _ L 7> V) A 1, .. L„ b'" .01 s , (,n r.. ;. 1-46- CY- t .. w D = U M k * r ,. I Y , x -r „ b N, ? 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