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Home My WebLink About20171193 Ver 2_Grants Creek-Jax Final no forms_20200709Grants Creek — Jacksonville 230kV Line Onslow County, NC Prepared for: (� DUKE ENERGY. Prepared by: ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, INC. 4901 Trademark Drive Raleigh, North Carolina 27610 September 2016 Environmental Services, Inc. Table of Contents 1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION & UNDERSTANDING............................................................. 1 2.0 METHODOLOGIES & QUALIFICATIONS........................................................................ 1 3.0 PHYSICAL RESOURCES....................................................................................................... 1 3.1 Topography............................................................................................................................. 1 3.2 Soils.........................................................................................................................................2 3.3 Water Resources...................................................................................................................... 2 4.0 JURISDICTIONAL ISSUES.................................................................................................... 2 4.1 Clean Water Act Waters of the U.S......................................................................................... 2 4.1.1 Wetland Data................................................................................................................... 3 4.1.2 Stream/Surface Water Data............................................................................................. 4 4.2 Clean Water Act Permits......................................................................................................... 6 4.3 Coastal Area Management Act................................................................................................ 6 4.4 Construction Moratoria........................................................................................................... 6 4.5 N.C. River Basin Buffer Rules................................................................................................ 6 4.6 Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act............................................................................... 6 4.7 Endangered Species Act Protected Species............................................................................. 7 4.8 Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act.................................................................................. 14 4.9 Federal Species of Concern ................................................................................................... 14 4.10 State Protected Species...................................................................................................... 15 4.11 Cultural / Archaeological Resources..................................................................................... 16 5.0 SUMMARY..............................................................................................................................16 Appendices Appendix A • Topographic and Aerial Figures Appendix B 0 Data Forms Environmental Services, Inc. Grants Creek — Jacksonville 230kV Line Onslow County, NC September 2016 1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION & UNDERSTANDING Duke Energy is evaluating a proposed transmission line corridor located north of Jacksonville in Onslow County, North Carolina. The corridor is approximately 12.5 miles in length. The evaluated corridor is 400 feet in width to account for the line and potential danger trees. The final proposed right-of-way (ROW) is proposed to be 125 feet wide. The study area is depicted on both a current U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) map (Figurel) and a recent aerial photography (Figure 2) in Appendix A. The study area limits were provided by Duke Energy. Environmental Services, Inc., (ESI) was tasked by Duke to provide the following services for the Grants Creek — Jacksonville 230kV Line: • Jurisdictional wetland, stream, and surface water delineation, • GPS data collection for any delineated wetlands or streams, • Preliminary protected species habitat assessments for federally Endangered and Threatened species, • Preliminary cultural resources assessment, and • Report and graphics preparation. 2.0 METHODOLOGIES & QUALIFICATIONS Prior to the initiation of field efforts, available sources were reviewed, including the applicable U.S. Geological Survey 7.5-minute topographic quadrangles of Jacksonville North and Kellum, NC (NGS/ESRI 2011), and U.S. Department of Agriculture Soil Survey for Onslow County (USDA 1992). Additionally, records kept by the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) concerning any known occurrences of federally Threatened or Endangered species were reviewed (NCNHP 2016). 3.0 PHYSICAL RESOURCES The proposed new transmission line is located in the Coastal Plain physiographic province of North Carolina. Specifically, the proposed transmission line is located in the River Bend Formation and the Belgrade Formation, Undivided. (NCDENR 1985). 3.1 Topography Topography in the study area is flat to gently sloping. Elevations range from a high of approximately 47 feet above mean sea level (MSL) down to approximately 25 feet above MSL through the study area. 1 Grants Creek — Jacksonville 230kV Line Environmental Services, Inc. 3.2 Soils General soil associations occurring in the study area include the Norfolk-Goldsboro-Onslow association. This association is described as nearly level and gently sloping, well drained, moderately well drained, and somewhat poorly drained soils that have a loamy subsoil. There are also portions of the study area that are included in the Muckalee-Dorovan association. This association is described as nearly level, poorly drained soils that are loamy throughout and very poorly drained soils that are muck throughout; occurs on flood plains. 3.3 Water Resources Water resources in the study area are located within the White Oak River basin (USGS hydrologic unit 03020302) (NCCGIA 2001). A Best Usage Classification (BUC) is assigned to waters of North Carolina based on the existing or contemplated best usage of various bodies of water. Table 1 contains the named water resources associated with features located within the study area, their Stream Index Numbers, and their BUCs. The named streams represent the receiving waters of the individual stream segments or tributaries that are located inside the study area. Unnamed streams and tributaries carry the same BUC as their receiving waters, unless otherwise indicated by DWR. Table 1. Named water resources and receiving waters (NCDWR 2013) m Name Stream Index # BUC 91 Basin Half Moon Creek 19-6 C;NSW White Oak Horse Swamp 19-16-2-1 C;NSW White Oak Little Northeast Creek 19-16-2 C;NSW White Oak Northeast Creek 19-16-(0.5) SC;NSW White Oak Poplar Creek 19-16-2-3 C;NSW White Oak Wolf Swamp 19-16-1 C;NSW White Oak Class C waters are used as secondary recreation such as fishing, wildlife, fish consumption, and agriculture. The NSW supplemental designation indicates nutrient sensitive waters, which require limitations on nutrient inputs. Class SC waters are tidal salt waters used as secondary recreation such as fishing, boating, and other activities involving minimal skin contact. There are no Primary Nursery Areas (PNAs) or Outstanding Resource Waters (ORWs) within the project study area (NCDMF 2011). The New River, downstream of the study area in Onslow County, is considered an Anadromous Fish Spawning Area (AFSA) by the North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries (NCDMF 2007). The proposed project should not have any effect on the New River. 4.0 JURISDICTIONAL ISSUES 4.1 Clean Water Act Waters of the U.S. Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (CWA) requires regulation of discharges into "Waters of the United States". Although the principal administrative agency of the CWA is the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) has major responsibility for implementation, permitting, and enforcement of provisions of the Act. The USACE regulatory 2 Grants Creek — Jacksonville 230kV Line Environmental Services, Inc. program is defined in 33 CFR 320-330. Water bodies such as rivers, lakes, and streams are subject to jurisdictional consideration under the Section 404 program. However, by regulation, wetlands are also considered "Waters of the United States". According to the Regional Supplement to the ACOE Wetland Delineation Manual for the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain (USACE 2010), areas must exhibit three distinct characteristics to be considered jurisdictional wetlands: 1) prevalence of hydrophytic (water tolerant) plants; 2) presence of hydric soils; and 3) sufficient wetland hydrology indicators within 12 inches of the ground surface. When present, intermittent and perennial stream channels are also considered Waters of the United States under Sections 404 and 401 of the CWA. The USACE "Rapanos" decision allows USACE and EPA to establish CWA jurisdiction under one of two standards. The first standard upholds CWA jurisdiction if the water body is "relatively permanent", and its adjacent wetlands directly about the water body. The second standard upholds jurisdiction if a water body, in combination with all wetlands adjacent to that water body, has a "significant nexus" with traditional navigable waters. Presence of an ordinary high water mark (OHWM) and a continuous bed and bank define streams and tributaries to waters of the U.S. under current USACE guidance. Perennial and intermittent streams are considered relatively permanent waters (RPWs) and are defined by hydrologic regime. Tributaries can be natural or man-made (ditches), but they must possess an OHWM and bed and bank to be considered by USACE. The delineation results described in the following sections are considered preliminary until reviewed or otherwise approved by USACE. Note that any land alteration activities occurring in the study corridor can alter the wetland jurisdiction boundaries and a re-evaluation could be required. 4.1.1 Wetland Data Thirty five (35) wetlands were delineated within the project study area. The wetland types were classified pursuant to the N.C. Wetland Assessment Method (NCWAM). Figures 2a-2j depict the approximate extent and approximate location of the wetlands that were delineated. These graphics are not intended to be a replacement for a traditional survey and are not intended to be used as such. Table 2 contains wetland data collected within the project study area. Wetlands were flagged with sequentially numbered blue and pink -and -black striped flagging. Table 2. Wetland Data for the Grants Creek — Jacksonville 230kV Line. Wetland ID Figure No. NCWAM Classification Acreage Within 400' Corridor Acreage Within 125' Proposed ROW W 1 2a Headwater Forest 0.2 <0.1 W2 2a Pine Flat 8.2 3.5 W3 2a Headwater Forest 0.1 0.1 W4 2a Headwater Forest <0.1 -- W5 2a Pine Flat 0.3 0.3 W6 2a-2b Pine Flat 0.1 -- W7 2b Headwater Forest 0.1 <0.1 W8 2b Headwater Forest 19 6.6 3 Grants Creek — Jacksonville 230kV Line Environmental Services, Inc. Table 2. Continued. Wetland ID Figure No. NCWAM Classification Acreage Within 400' Corridor Acreage Within 125' Proposed ROW W9 2b Headwater Forest 2.4 0.7 W 10a 2c Headwater Forest 0.6 0.2 W 10b 2c Headwater Forest <0.1 -- W11 2c Riverine Swamp Forest 1.4 0.3 W 12 2c Pine Flat 0.2 -- W13 2c Pine Flat 5.9 2.0 W14a 2e Headwater Forest 0.2 -- W14b 2e Headwater Forest 6.4 0.1 W15 2e Pine Flat 9.8 3.1 W16 2f Headwater Forest 1.2 0.1 W17 2f Headwater Forest 4.5 1.3 W 18 2f-2g Hardwood Flat 3.5 1.4 W 19 2g Hardwood Flat 9.8 3.3 W20 2g Hardwood Flat 4.2 1.7 W21 2g Pine Flat 13.4 4.2 W22 2g Headwater Forest 1.1 0.3 W23 2g-2h Pine Flat 0.1 -- W24 2h Headwater Forest 1.2 0.4 W25 2h Headwater Forest 14.3 4.6 W26 2h Pine Flat 1.9 0.1 W27 2h Pine Flat 1.3 0.3 W28 2h-21 Headwater Forest 1.6 0.5 W29 21 Headwater Forest 0.5 0.1 W30 21 Riverine Swamp Forest 7.8 2.7 W31 21 Headwater Forest 0.2 <0.1 W32 21-2j Pine Flat 0.2 0.1 W33 2j Pine Flat 0.8 0.3 W34 2j Pine Flat 2.2 0.9 W35 2j Hardwood Flat 1.3 0.4 TOTAL: 126.2 39.6 4.1.2 Stream/Surface Water Data Thirty four (34) stream channel segments and one (1) surface water occur within the project study area. The streams were delineated with sequentially numbered solid blue and orange flagging. USACE and NCDWR stream data forms were completed for the streams in the study area. Table 3 contains the stream data collected within the project study area. Figures 2a-2j depicts the approximate extent and approximate location of the stream channels and wetlands that were delineated. These graphics are not intended to be a replacement for a traditional survey and is not intended to be used as such. 4 Grants Creek - Jacksonville 230kV Line Environmental Services, Inc. Table 3. Stream Data for the Grants Creek - Jacksonville 230kV Line. Stream ID Figures Perennial/ Intermittent Approximate Length (feet) In Study Area Approximate Width (feet) NCDWR Stream ID Form Score Subject to Buffer (y/� 400' Corridor 125' ROW S1 2a Intermittent 267 80 2 24.75 No S2 2a Intermittent 205 129 2 23.75 No S3 2b Perennial 907 126 12 42.5 No S4 2b Perennial 204 29 12 42.5 No S5 2b Perennial 885 476 12 42.5 No S6 2b Perennial 1380 625 12 42.5 No S7 2b Perennial 623 285 5 34.5 No S8 2c Intermittent 490 130 3 26.75 No S9 2c Ephemeral' 450 140 3 17.75 No S10 2c Ephemeral' 463 136 2 17.75 No S11 2c Intermittent 469 129 10 19.75 No S12 2c Intermittent 916 130 10 19.75 No S13 2c-2d Intermittent 3069 -- 10 19.75 No S14 2d Ephemeral' 446 147 4 16.5 No S15 2d Perennial 61 -- 10 30.5 No S16 2d Ephemeral' 158 -- 2 16.75 No S17 2e Perennial 704 139 7 36.5 No S18 2e Ephemeral' 54 -- 2 16.75 No S19 2e Intermittent 281 14 2 19.25 No S20 2f Perennial 388 -- 5 31.75 No S21 2f Intermittent 46 3 2 26.75 No S22 2f Perennial 547 126 17 41.5 No S23 2f Intermittent 197 -- 2.5 24.25 No S24 2f Intermittent 287 130 2.5 24.25 No S25 2f Intermittent 456 -- 2.5 24.25 No S26 2f Intermittent 133 -- 2.5 24.25 No S27 2f-2g Ephemeral' 431 120 2 17.25 No S28 2g Ephemeral' 863 226 2 17.25 No S29 2g Intermittent 671 206 4 20.25 No S30 2g Ephemeral' 733 362 3 16.75 No S31 21 Perennial 527 163 3 34 No S32 21 Ephemeral' 270 125 1 18.25 No S33 21 Perennial 463 267 12 42 No S34 21 Ephemeral' 267 117 1 15.25 No TOTAL: 18,311 4,697 ' Ephemeral channels may still be claimed as a jurisdictional tributary by USACE. Grants Creek - Jacksonville 230kV Line Environmental Services, Inc. 4.2 Clean Water Act Permits Dredge and fill activities in "Waters of the United States" must be authorized by USACE as a regulated discharge pursuant to Section 404 of the CWA and also by NCDWR pursuant to Section 401 of the CWA. Activities authorized by the USACE are subject to further water quality requirements per Section 401 of the CWA. In North Carolina, the NCDWR administers the Section 401 Water Quality Certification process, which also must include plans on how the applicant proposes to manage storm water. Coordination is recommended with USACE in order to determine the permitting requirements for this project, if any. Section 404 permitting may not be necessary if all wetland and stream impacts are avoided; however, concurrence from USACE should be obtained prior to beginning any activities. Hand clearing in wetlands is typically not a regulated activity if there is no ground disturbance. Mechanized clearing in wetlands may be viewed as a regulated activity if heavy equipment disturbs the natural ground surface or contours and if stump removal or grubbing occurs. Compensatory mitigation can be required by USACE if the proposed project is determined to have an adverse effect on Waters of the United States, including wetlands, as a result of a regulated discharge. Nationwide Permit 12-Condition 23(g) states that "where certain functions and services of waters of the United States are permanently adversely affected, such as the conversion of forested or scrub -shrub wetlands to a herbaceous wetland in a permanently maintained utility right-of-way, mitigation may be required to reduce the adverse effect of the project to a minimal level". Consultation with USACE is recommended to determine if this condition is going to apply to this project. If it is determined that an Individual Permit be required, this same USACE consultation should occur regarding the USACE position on the wetland conversion resulting from the proposed project. 4.3 Coastal Area Management Act North Carolina Division of Coastal Management (NCDCM) regulates certain wetlands and water bodies in the twenty coastal counties of North Carolina under the Coastal Area Management Act (CAMA). Areas subject to CAMA are identified as Areas of Environmental Concern (AECs). There are no AECs in the study area that are subject to CAMA regulations 4.4 Construction Moratoria It is anticipated that no in -water construction moratoria will apply to this project. 4.5 N.C. River Basin Buffer Rules The study area is located in the White Oak River basin. No riparian buffer rules apply to this basin, this study area is not subject to any riparian buffers. 4.6 Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act requires authorization from the USACE for the excavation of material, alteration, obstruction, or construction of any structure in or over any "navigable water" of the United States (33 U.S.0 410 et seq.). "Navigable water" is defined as waters that are subject to the ebb and flow of the tide shoreward to the mean high water mark and/or waters that are presently used, have been used in the past, or are susceptible for use to transport interstate or foreign commerce (33 CFR part 329). The study area is not subject to Section 10 regulations. 6 Grants Creek — Jacksonville 230kV Line Environmental Services, Inc. 4.7 Endangered Species Act Protected Species Species with the federal classifications of Endangered (E), Threatened (T) or Proposed (P) are protected under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.). The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) list fifteen species for Onslow County as of March 25, 2015 (USFWS 2015). NCNHP data updated in July 2016 was accessed to determine if any of these species have been documented inside of or within 0.5 mile of the study area. Table 4. Federal listed species for Onslow County, NC. Potential Federal Biological Scientific Name Common Name e Status Habitat Conclusion Present Alligator American alligator T (S/A) Yes Not Required mississippiensis Chelonia mydas Green sea turtle T No No Effect Eretmochelys Hawksbill sea turtle E No No Effect imbricata Lepidochelys Kemp's ridley sea turtle E No No Effect kempii Dermochelys coriacea Leatherback sea turtle E No No Effect Caretta caretta Loggerhead sea turtle T No No Effect Charadria melodus Piping plover T No No Effect Red -cockaded Picoides borealis E Yes Unresolved woodpecker Trichechus manatus West Indian manatee E No No Effect Thalictrum cooleyi Cooley's meadowrue E No No Effect Carex lutea Golden sedge E No No Effect Lindera melissifolia Pondberry E No No Effect Lysimachia Rough -leaved loosestrife E Yes No Effect asperulaefolia Amaranthus pumilus Seabeach amaranth T No No Effect Calidris canutus rufa Red knot T No No Effect 'E — Endangered T —Threatened T (S/A) —Threatened due to Similarity of Appearance 7 Grants Creek — Jacksonville 230kV Line Environmental Services, Inc. American alligator - In North Carolina, alligators have been recorded in nearly every coastal county, and many inland counties to the fall line. The alligator is found in rivers, streams, canals, lakes, swamps, and coastal marshes. Adult animals are highly tolerant of salt water, but the young are apparently more sensitive, with salinities greater than 5 parts per thousand considered harmful. The American alligator remains on the protected species list due to its similarity in appearance to the Endangered American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus) (USFWS 2016a). Habitat Present: Yes Species listed as threatened due to similarity of appearance do not require Section 7 consultation with the USFWS. Suitable habitat for this species is present within the study area. However, construction activities are not expected to have any permanent impacts to this species or its habitat within the study area. A review of NCNHP records, updated July 2016, indicates no known occurrence of American alligator within 0.5 mile of the study area. BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: Not Required Green sea turtle - The green sea turtle is found in temperate and tropical oceans and seas. Nesting in North America is mostly limited to small communities on the east coast of Florida requiring beaches with minimal disturbances and a sloping platform for nesting. The green sea turtle can be found in shallow waters. They are attracted to lagoons, reefs, bays, mangrove swamps and inlets where an abundance of marine grasses can be found, as this is the principle food source for the green sea turtle (USFWS 2016b). Habitat Present: No Suitable habitat for the green sea turtle does not exist within the study area. The study area is too far inland and lacks ocean/beach habitat associated with this species. A review of NCNHP records, updated July 2016, indicates no known occurrence of green sea turtle within 0.5 mile of the study area. BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: No Effect Hawksbill sea turtle — Hawksbill sea turtles are found in tropical and subtropical oceans. Sightings have been reported on the east coast of the U.S. as far north as Massachusetts, although rarely north of Florida. Sightings have been recorded from a handful of counties in North Carolina, but the turtle is not known to breed here. Adult hawksbills are found in coastal waters, especially around coral reefs, rocky outcrops, shoals, mangrove bays, and estuaries. Juveniles are often seen offshore, in floating mats of seaweed. This species nests on a wide range of beach types and substrates, using both low - and high-energy beaches on islands and mainland sites. The nest is typically placed near or under some vegetation (USFWS 2015c). Habitat Present: No The study area does not contain suitable habitat for this species. The study area lacks the beach, bay, and estuary habitat associated with this species. NCNHP data from July 2016 indicates no occurrences of the Hawksbill sea turtle within 0.5 mile of the study area. BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: No Effect 8 Grants Creek — Jacksonville 230kV Line Environmental Services, Inc. Kemp's ridley sea turtle — Kemp's ridley sea turtle is the smallest of the sea turtles that visit North Carolina's coast, and has been sighted in most coastal counties. While the majority of this sea turtle's nesting occurs in Mexico, the species is known to nest on North Carolina beaches infrequently. Kemp's ridley sea turtle can lay eggs as many as three times during the April to June breeding season. This species prefers beach sections that are backed up by extensive swamps or large bodies of open water having seasonal narrow ocean connections and a well-defined elevated dune area. The species prefers neritic area with sandy or muddy bottoms (USFWS 2015d). Habitat Present: No The study area does not contain suitable habitat for this species. The study area lacks the beach, bay, and estuary habitat associated with this species. NCNHP data from July 2016 indicates no occurrences of the Kemp's ridley sea turtle within 0.5 mile of the study area. BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: No Effect Leatherback sea turtle - The leatherback sea turtle is distributed world-wide in tropical waters of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans. They are generally open ocean species, and may be common off the North Carolina coast during certain times of the year. However, in northern waters leatherback sea turtles are reported to enter into bays, estuaries, and other inland bodies of water. Major nesting areas occur mainly in tropical regions. In the United States, primary nesting areas are in Florida, however, nests are known from Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina as well. Nesting occurs from April to August. Leatherback sea turtles need sandy beaches backed with vegetation in the proximity of deep water and generally with rough seas. Beaches with a relatively steep slope are usually preferred (USFWS 2016e). Habitat Present: No Suitable habitat for the leatherback sea turtle does not exist within the study area. The study area is too far inland and lacks ocean/beach habitat associated with this species. A review of NCNHP records, updated July 2016, indicates no known occurrence of leatherback sea turtle within 0.5 mile of the study area. BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: No Effect Loggerhead sea turtle - The loggerhead sea turtle is widely distributed within its range, and is found in three distinct habitats during their lives. These turtles may be found hundreds of miles out in the open ocean, in neritic areas, or on coastal beaches. In North Carolina, this species has been observed in every coastal county. Loggerhead sea turtles occasionally nest on North Carolina beaches, and are the most common of all sea turtles that visit the North Carolina coast. They nest nocturnally, at two to three year intervals, between May and September, on isolated beaches that are characterized by fine- grained sediments. In near shore areas, loggerhead sea turtles have been observed in bays, lagoons, salt marshes, creeks, ship channels, and the mouths of large rivers. Coral reefs, rocky places, and shipwrecks are often used as foraging areas (USFWS 2016f). Habitat Present: No 9 Grants Creek — Jacksonville 230kV Line Environmental Services, Inc. Suitable habitat for the loggerhead sea turtle does not exist within the study area. The study area is too far inland and lacks ocean/beach habitat associated with this species. A review of NCNHP records, updated July 2016, indicates no known occurrence of loggerhead sea turtle within 1.0 mile of the study area. BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: No Effect Piping plover - The piping plover breeds along the entire eastern coast of the United States. North Carolina is uniquely positioned in the species' range, being the only State where the piping plover's breeding and wintering ranges overlap and the birds are present year-round. They nest most commonly where there is little or no vegetation, but some may nest in stands of beach grass. The nest is a shallow depression in the sand that is usually lined with shell fragments and light-colored pebbles (USFWS 2016g). Habitat Present: No Suitable habitat for the piping plover does not exist within the study area. The study area lacks beach habitat associated with this species. A review of NCNHP records, updated July 2016, indicates no known occurrence of piping plover within 0.5 mile of the study area. BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: No Effect Red -cockaded woodpecker - The red -cockaded woodpecker (RCW) typically occupies open, mature stands of southern pines, particularly longleaf pine, for foraging and nesting/roosting habitat. The RCW excavates cavities for nesting and roosting in living pine trees, aged 60 years or older, which are contiguous with pine stands at least 30 years of age to provide foraging habitat. The foraging range of the RCW is normally no more than 0.5 mile (USFWS 2016h). Habitat Present: Yes There is potentially suitable foraging habitat within the study area and throughout the surrounding areas. The study area is dominated by loblolly pine timber tracts in varying stages of succession and maturity. The study area also goes through, and borders, the Hofmann Forest and various Weyerhaeuser tracts with Camp Lejeune and the Croatan National Forest being in close proximity. The opportunity for foraging habitat within the study area is vast and well connected to surrounding areas. Several of the areas evaluated were estimated to be in 25+ year class and had recently been thinned. These areas provide a suppressed understory which affords an open bole on the older pines left standing. Consultation with Hofmann Forest staff indicates that there are pine stands with an age class of 30 years throughout their holdings. Large older stands of pine are infrequent throughout the study area thus limiting the nesting potential. However, given the volume of pine timber managed in the immediate surrounding area, it is probable that nesting habitat could exist within the nearby vicinity of the study area. Aerial surveys are recommended to document the presence/absence of nesting habitat within 0.5 mile of the study area. A review of NCNHP records, updated July 2016, indicates no known occurrence of RCW within 0.5 mile of the study area. BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: Unresolved 10 Grants Creek — Jacksonville 230kV Line Environmental Services, Inc. West Indian manatee - West Indian manatees have been observed in all the North Carolina coastal counties. West Indian manatees are found in canals, sluggish rivers, estuarine habitats, salt water bays, and as far off shore as 3.7 miles. They utilize freshwater and marine habitats at shallow depths of 5 to 20 ft. In the winter, between October and April, manatees concentrate in areas with warm water. During the other time of the year habitats for the manatee are those with sufficient water depth, an adequate food supply, and in proximity to freshwater. West Indian manatees require a source of freshwater to drink. West Indian manatees are primarily herbivores, feeding on any aquatic vegetation present, but they may occasionally feed on fish (USFWS 20161). Habitat Present: No Suitable habitat for the West Indian manatee does not exist within the study area. The study area is too far inland and lacks the direct open water connections to downstream coastal areas.. A review of NCNHP records, updated July 2016, indicates no known occurrence of West Indian manatee within 0.5 mile of the study area. BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: No Effect Cooley's meadowrue - Cooley's meadowrue, documented in the Pine Savanna natural community, occurs in circumneutral soils in sunny, moist to wet grass -sedge bogs, wet -pine savannas over calcareous clays, and savannah -like areas, often at the ecotones of intermittent drainages or non- riverine swamp forests. This rhizomatous perennial herb is also found along plowed firebreaks, roadside ditches and rights -of -way, forest clearings dominated by grass or sedge, and power line or utility rights -of -way. The species requires some type of habitat disturbance (e.g., mowing, clearing, periodic fire) to maintain its open habitat. The plant typically occurs on slightly acidic (pH 5.8-6.6) soils that are loamy fine sand, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam; at least seasonally moist or saturated; and mapped as Foreston, Grifton, Muckalee, Torhunta, or Woodington series (USFWS 1994). Habitat Present: No Suitable habitat for Cooley's meadowrue is not present within the study area. Wet areas within the existing powerline right-of-way have a thick shrub layer, are not frequently maintained, and do not exhibit the wet savanna -like conditions that could provide suitable habitat for Cooley's meadowrue. Forested wetlands in the study area also do not exhibit the wet savanna -like conditions that could provide suitable habitat for Cooley's meadowrue. A review of NCNHP records, updated July 2016, indicates no known occurrences of Cooley's meadowrue within 0.5 mile of the study area. BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: No Effect Golden sedge - Golden sedge, a very rare endemic of the Atlantic Coastal Plain, grows in sandy soils overlying calcareous deposits of coquina limestone, where the soil pH, typically between 5.5 and 7.2, is unusually high for this region. The perennial prefers the ecotone between the pine savanna and adjacent wet hardwood or hardwood/conifer forest. Most plants occur in the partially shaded savanna/swamp where occasional to frequent fires favor an herbaceous ground layer and suppress shrub dominance. Soils supporting the species are very wet to periodically shallowly inundated. 11 Grants Creek — Jacksonville 230kV Line Environmental Services, Inc. Other occurrences may occur on disturbed areas such as roadside and drainage ditches or power line rights -of -way, where mowing and/or wet conditions suppress woody plants. Poorly viable occurrences may occur in significantly disturbed areas where ditching activities that lowers the water table and/or some evidence of fire suppression threatens the species (USFWS 2002). Habitat Present: No Suitable habitat for golden sedge is not present within the study area. Wet areas within the existing powerline right-of-way have a thick shrub layer, are too frequently flooded, are not frequently maintained, and do not exhibit the wet savanna -like conditions that could provide suitable habitat for golden sedge. Wetlands outside of the powerline right-of-way are forested and also do not exhibit the wet savanna -like conditions that could provide suitable habitat for golden sedge. A review of NCNHP records, updated July 2016, indicates no known occurrences of golden sedge within 0.5 mile of the study area. BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: No Effect Pondberry - Pondberry occurs in seasonally flooded wetlands, sandy sinks, pond margins, and swampy depressions. This deciduous, aromatic shrub occurs in bottomland hardwood forests with perched water tables along inland areas of the southeastern United States. In the Coastal Plain of the Carolinas, the species occurs at the margins of limestone sinks and ponds and in undrained, shallow depressions of longleaf pine (Pious palustris) and pond pine (Pinus serotina) forests. Known occurrences in North Carolina occur in the Small Depression Pocosin natural community, grow in soils with sandy sediments and high water table, contain high peat content in the subsurface, and include a prevalence of shrubs due to historically frequent or intense fires. It generally grows in somewhat shaded areas, but can tolerate full sun (USFWS 1993). Habitat Present: No Suitable habitat for pondberry does not exist within the study area. The study area lacks limestone sinks and ponds or undrained, shallow depressions associated with this species. A review of NCNHP records, updated July 2016, indicates no known occurrence of pondberry within 0.5 mile of the study area. No areas designated as Critical Habitat occur in the study area. BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: No Effect Rough -leaved loosestrife - Rough -leaved loosestrife, endemic to the Coastal Plain and Sandhills of North and South Carolina, generally occurs in the ecotones or edges between longleaf pine uplands and pond pine pocosins in dense shrub and vine growth on moist to seasonally satuarated sands and on shallow organic soils overlaying sand (spodosolic soils). Occurrences are found in such disturbed habitats as roadside depressions, maintained power and utility line rights -of -way, firebreaks, and trails. The species prefers full sunlight, is shade intolerant, and requires areas of disturbance (e.g., clearing, mowing, periodic burning) where the overstory is minimal. It can, however, persist vegetatively for many years in overgrown, fire-supressed areas. Blaney, Gilead, Johnston, Kalmia, Leon, Mandarin, Murville, Torhunta, and Vaucluse are some of the soil series that the plant occurs on (USFWS 1995). 12 Grants Creek — Jacksonville 230kV Line Environmental Services, Inc. Habitat Present: Yes Potentially suitable habitat for rough -leaved loosestrife is present within the study area. Some larger wetlands within the corridor are managed, recently thinned pine stands that provide the disturbed habitat and sunlight preferred by this species. Other wetlands within the study area are maintained powerline rights -of -way and regenerating areas of emergent/successional vegetation that exhibit pocosin like characteristics. Sandy soils and organic soils were observed within the aforementioned wetland habitats. ESI biologists Stuart Bryan and Wil Vaughan surveyed areas of potential habitat for rough -leaved loosestrife August 15-16, 2016. A reference population was reviewed prior to conducting the survey. No specimens of rough - leaved loosestrife were identified. A review of NCNHP data, updated July 2016, indicates no known occurrence of rough -leaved loosestrife within 0.5 mile of the study area. BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: No Effect Seabeach amaranth - Seabeach amaranth occurs on barrier island beaches where its primary habitat consist of overwash flats at accreting ends of islands, lower foredunes, and upper strands of noneroding beaches (landward of the wrack line). In rare situations, this annual is found on sand spits 160 feet or more from the base of the nearest foredune. It occasionally establishes small temporary populations in other habitats, including sound -side beaches, blowouts in foredunes, interdunal areas, and on sand and shell material deposited for beach replenishment or as dredge spoil. The plant's habitat is sparsely vegetated with annual herbs (fortis) and, less commonly, perennial herbs (mostly grasses) and scattered shrubs. It is, however, intolerant of vegetative competition and does not occur on well -vegetated sites. The species usually is found growing on a nearly pure silica sand substrate, occasionally with shell fragments mixed in. Seabeach amaranth appears to require extensive areas of barrier island beaches and inlets that function in a relatively natural and dynamic manner. These characteristics allow it to move around in the landscape, occupying suitable habitat as it becomes available (USFWS 2016j). Habitat Present: No Suitable habitat for the seabeach amaranth does not exist within the study area. The study area lacks beach/dune habitat associated with this species. A review of NCNHP records, updated July 2016, indicates no known occurrence of seabeach amaranth within 0.5 mile of the study area. BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: No Effect Red knot — The rufa red knot is one of the six recognized subspecies of red knots, and is the only subspecies that routinely travels along the Atlantic coast of the United States during spring and fall migrations. It is known to winter in North Carolina and to stop over during migration. Habitats used by red knots in migration and wintering areas are similar in character: coastal marine and estuarine habitats with large areas of exposed intertidal sediments. In North America, red knots are commonly found along sandy, gravel, or cobble beaches, tidal mudflats, salt marshes, shallow coastal impoundments and lagoons, and peat banks. Ephemeral features such as sand spits, islets, shoals, and sandbars, often associated with inlets can be important habitat for roosting (USFWS 2016k). 13 Grants Creek — Jacksonville 230kV Line Environmental Services, Inc. Habitat Present: No Suitable habitat for the red knot does not exist within the study area. The study area lacks beach/dune habitat associated with this species. A review of NCNHP records, updated July 2016, indicates no known occurrence of red knot within 0.5 mile of the study area. BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION: No Effect 4.8 Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act Bald eagles typically feed on fish but may also consume birds and small mammals. In the Carolinas, nesting season extends from December through May (Potter et al. 1980). Bald eagles typically nest in tall, living trees in a conspicuous location near water and forage over large bodies of water with adjacent trees available for perching (Hamel 1992). The bald eagle was officially delisted and removed from the federal Endangered Species List on August 9, 2007, but they are still protected under the federal BGPA and the MBTA. The National Bald Eagle Management Guidelines (Guidelines) prohibit disturbance to a bald eagle. The Guidelines define disturb as "to agitate or bother a bald or golden eagle to a degree that causes, or is likely to cause, based on the best scientific information available: 1) injury to an eagle; 2) a decrease in its productivity, by substantially interfering with normal breeding, feeding, or sheltering behavior; or 3) nest abandonment, by substantially interfering with normal breeding, feeding, or sheltering behavior." The definition also covers impacts that result from human -caused alterations initiated around a previously used nest site during a time when eagles are not present, if, upon the eagles return, such alterations agitate or bother an eagle to a degree that injures an eagle or interferes with normal breeding, feeding, or sheltering behavior. Under the current Guidelines, USFWS recommends the following measures for roads, trails, canals, power lines, and other linear utilities. If the eagle nest can be seen from the project site and there is no similar activity within 660 feet, then USFWS recommends that the project: 1) maintain a buffer of at least 660 feet between your activities and the nest; 2) maintain any established landscape buffers; and 3) if possible, create additional landscape buffers to screen the new activity from the nest. If these recommendations cannot be adopted for the project, then coordination is recommended with the local USFWS office. ESI did not identify any evidence of bald eagle activity while working inside the study area. NCNHP data from July 2016 indicates no documented occurrences of bald eagle within 0.5 mile of the study area. 4.9 Federal Species of Concern The March 25, 2015 USFWS list for Onslow County also includes a category of species designated as "Federal Species of Concern" (FSC). Federal species of concern are not afforded federal protection under the Endangered Species Act and are not subject to any of its provisions, including Section 7, until they are formally Proposed (P) or listed as Threatened (T) or Endangered (E). However, the status of these species is subject to change, and so should be included for consideration. FSC are defined as species that are under consideration for listing for which there is insufficient information to support listing. The presence of potential habitat is based on the following NCNHP documents: List 14 Grants Creek — Jacksonville 230kV Line Environmental Services, Inc. of Rare Plant Species of North Carolina (NCNHP 2014a) and List of Rare Animal Species of North Carolina (NCNHP 2014b). 4.10 State Protected Species Some species that are listed as FSC by USFWS also receive limited state protection. Those species that are listed as both FSC and as North Carolina state -listed Endangered (E), Threatened (T), and Special Concern (SC) are identified in Table 5. These species receive limited protection under the North Carolina Endangered Species Act (G.S. 113-331 et seq.) and the North Carolina Plant Protection Act of 1979 (G.S. 106-202.12 et seq.). Table 5. Federal Species of Concern for Onslow County, NC N.C. Potential NCNHP Common Name Scientific Name Status' 0.5-Mile T, E, SC Habitat Occurrence American eel Anguilla rostrata -- No No Bachman's sparrow Aimophila aestivalis SC No No Black rail Laterallus jamaicensis SC No No Carolina gopher frog Rana capito capito T No No Eastern henslow's Ammodramus henslowii SC No No sparrow susurrans Eastern painted Passerina ciris ciris SC No No bunting Mimic glass lizard Ophisaurus mimicus SC No No Southern hognose Heterodon simus SC No No snake Bucholz's dart moth Agrotis bucholzi -- No No A skipper Atrytonopsis sp. 1 -- No No Awned Rhexia aristosa SC-V No No meadowbeauty Boykins lobelia Lobelia boykinii E Yes No Carolina grass -of- Parnassia caroliniana T No No parnassus Carolina trillium Trillium pusillum var. pusillum E Yes No Coastal beaksedge Rhynchospera pleiantha T Yes No Coastal goldenrod Solidago villosicarpa E No No Grassleaf arrowhead Sagittaria weatherbiana E No No Loose watermilfoil Myriophyllum laxum E No No Many -flowered Calopogon multijlorus E No No grass -pink Pineland plantain Plantago sparsijlora T No No Pondspice Litsea aestivalis SC-V No No 15 Grants Creek — Jacksonville 230kV Line Environmental Services, Inc. Table 5. Continued. N.C. Potential NCNHP Common Name Scientific Name Status l Habitat 0.5-Mile T, E, SC Occurrence Savanna onion Allium sp. I __ No No Smooth -seeded hairy Scleria sp. 1 -- No No nutrush Spring -flowering Solidago verna -- Yes No goldenrod Swamp forest Rhynchospera decurrens T Yes No beakrush Thorne's beakrush Rhynchospera thornei SC-V No No Venus' fly -trap Dionaea muscipula SC-V No No Wagner's spleenwort Asplenium heteroresiliens E No No A quillwort Isoetes microvela T No No ' T=Threatened, E=Endangered; SC=Special Concern; SC-V=Special Concern -Vulnerable 4.11 Cultural / Archaeological Resources Research conducted by ESI at the Survey and National Register Branch of the North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) on 29 March 2016 revealed that no previously recorded historic properties listed in, eligible, or potentially eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (National Register) are located directly within the proposed project area. Research conducted by ESI at the North Carolina Office of State Archaeology (OSA) on 29 March 2016 revealed that no previously recorded archaeological sites are located directly within or immediately adjacent to the proposed project area. 5.0 SUMMARY The project study area contains thirty-five wetlands, thirty-four stream channels, and one surface water. Impacts to jurisdictional areas should be avoided and minimized as much as practicable. Potential habitat is present in the study area for the federally listed rough -leaved loosestrife. Surveys were conducted for this species but none was observed within the study area. RCW foraging habitat is present and aerial surveys are recommended to resolve this issue. Unavoidable impacts must be coordinated with the applicable resource agency and permitting and mitigation could be required for regulated discharged. No issues regarding cultural or archaeological resources were identified. 16 Grants Creek — Jacksonville 230kV Line Environmental Services, Inc. References Hamel, P.B. 1992. Land Manager's Guide to the Birds of the South. The Nature Conservancy, Southeastern Region, Chapel Hill, NC. 437 pp. National Geographic Society/ESRI. 2011. I -cubed seamless USGS quadrangle (Jacksonville North and Kellum, NC). N.C. Center for Geographic Information and Analysis. 2001. State of North Carolina Hydrologic Unit Map. N.C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources. 1985. Geologic Map of North Carolina. N.C. Division of Marine Fisheries. 2007. Anadromous Fish Spawning Areas, White Oak River Area and New River Area, Map 1. http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/mf/ (Accessed August 2016). N.C. Division of Marine Fisheries. 2011. Fishery Nursery Areas. http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/mf/ (Accessed August 2016). N.C. Division of Water Resources. 2013. NC Water Quality Classifications by NC River Basin. http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wq/ps/csu/classifications (Accessed August 2016). N. C. Natural Heritage Program. 2014a. List of Rare Plant Species of North Carolina 2014. North Carolina Natural Heritage Program. 138 pp. N. C. Natural Heritage Program. 2014b. List of Rare Animal Species of North Carolina 2014. North Carolina Natural Heritage Program. 172 pp. N. C. Natural Heritage Program. 2016. July 2016 NHP Element Occurrences. Raleigh, NC. (Accessed July 2016). Potter, E.F., J.F. Parnell, and R.P. Teulings 1980. Birds of the Carolinas. The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, NC. 408 pp. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. 2010. Regional Supplement to the Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual: Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain Region (Version 2.0). Vicksburg, MS. 180 pp. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 1992. Soil Survey of Onslow County, North Carolina. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 139 pp. + maps U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1993. Pondberry Recovery Plan. Atlanta, GA. 56 pp. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1994. Cooley's Meadowrue Recovery Plan. Atlanta, Georgia. 29 pp. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1995. Rough -leaved Loosestrife Recovery Plan. Atlanta, GA. 32pp. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2002. Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Endangered Status for Carex lutea (Golden Sedge). 67 FR 3120-3126. 17 Grants Creek — Jacksonville 230kV Line Environmental Services, Inc. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2007. National Bald Eagle Management Guidelines U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2015. T&E species listed for Onslow County. http://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/cntylist/nc_counties.html (Accessed August 2016). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2016a. American alligators in North Carolina. Http://www.fws.gov/nces/reptile/alligat.html (Accessed July 2016). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2016b. Green Sea Turtles in North Carolina. Http://www.fws.gov/nces/reptile/greensea.httnl (Accessed July 2016). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2016c. Hawksbill Sea Turtles in North Carolina. Http://www.fws.gov/nces/reptile/hawksbill.html (Accessed July 2016). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2016d. Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtles in North Carolina. Http://www.fws.gov/nces/reptile/ridley.html (Accessed July 2016). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2016e. Leatherback Sea Turtles in North Carolina. Http://www.fws.gov/nces/reptile/leather.html (Accessed July 2016). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2016f. Loggerhead Turtles in North Carolina. Http://www.fws.gov/nces/reptile/logger.html (Accessed July 2016.) U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2016g. Piping plover (Charadrius melodus) Species Profile. Http:Hecos.fws.gov/speciesProfile/profile/speciesProfile.action?spcode=B079 (Accessed July 2016.) U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2016h. Red -cockaded Woodpecker (Picoides borealis). http://www.fws.gov/rcwrecovery/rcw.html (Accessed August 2016). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 20161. West Indian Manatees in North Carolina. http://www.fws.gov/nc-es/mammal.html (Accessed August 2015). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2016j. Seabeach Amaranth (Amarathus pumilus). http://www.fws.gov/nc-es/plant/scabamaranth.html (Accessed August 2016). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2016k. Rufa Red Knot (Calidris canutus rufa). https://www.fws.gov/northeast/redknot/pdf/Redknot_BWfactsheet092013.pdf (Accessed August 2016). U.S. Geologic Survey. 2011. http://mrdata.usgs.gov/mrds/ (Accessed August 2016). Webster, W.D., J.F. Parnell, and W.C. Biggs, Jr. 1985. Mammals of the Carolinas, Virginia, and Maryland. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press. 255 pp. 18 Grants Creek — Jacksonville DOW Line Environmental Services, Inc. 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