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STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
MICHAEL F. EASLEY
GOVERNOR
March 3, 2004
STATE PROJECT:
COUNTY:
DESCRIPTION:
8.T051402 34458.4.1 (R-2551 WM)
Dare
Mashoes Road Mitigation Site
MEMORANDUM TO:
Mike Bryant, Refuge Manager
Alligator River National Wildlife Refuge
LYNDO TIPPETT
SECRETARY
WETLANDS 1401 GROUP
MAR 5 2004
WATER QUALITY SECTION
ATTENTION: Kelley Van Druten
Wildland/Urban Interface Assistant
Alligator River National Wildlife Refuge
FROM: Philip S. Harris, III, PE, Manager
Office of Natural Environment
SUBJECT:
Request for Prescribed Burn
After review of the proposal and consultation and approval from USAGE, DWQ, and
CAMA, NCDOT has agreed to allow the USFWS to do a prescribed burn on the Mashoes
Road Mitigation Site in Dare County. This burn will follow the attached guidelines
submitted by USFWS and will occur only in the described marsh preservation area of the
site. No burning activities will be allowed in either the marsh restoration area or the
forested wetland area of the site. NCDOT will be contacted when burning activities are
set to occur.
If you have any questions or concerns, please contact Mr. Byron Moore at 715-1491.
Thank you for your assistance.
Cc w/ attachments: Randy Griffin, Natural Environment Engineer
Byron Moore, PE, Natural Environment Engineer
Mike Bell USACE
Jt , a WQ
Steve Sollod, CAMA
MAILING ADDRESS:
NC DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION -
PROJECT DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
1598 MAIL SERVICE CENTER
RALEIGH NC 27699-1598
TELEPHONE: [phone]
FAX: [phone]
WEBS/TE. WWW.DOH.DOT.STATE.NC.US
LOCATION:
PARKER LINCOLN BUILDING
2728 CAPITAL BOULEVARD
RALEIGH NC
?'
Primary Resource Objectives of Unit:
1. Manage the fuel loading in this compartment to reduce the risk of catastrophic wildfires
to the community of Mashoes.
2. Maintain and protect the wetland characteristics of this compartment by providing for the
protection of soils and hydrology in all management activities.
3. Manage the vegetation communities to maintain large-scale animal and plant diversity.
Objectives of Fire:
1. Burn out the available fine fuels so that a fire will not carry across this compartment for
one to two years.
2. Control shrub invasion into the marsh plant communities.
3. Reduce the accumulation of down woody fuels.
4. Top-kill the mid-story shrubs under the pond pine overstory with a low to medium
intensity burn.
Acceptable Range of Results:
1. Top-kill 40-60% of the shrubs in the pond pine pocosin and 90% of the shrubs in the
marsh.
2. Burn 50-70% of the available fine fuels within 4 feet of the ground.
3. Up to 10% pond pine or loblolly pine mortality is acceptable within the pocosin or
loblolly hammocks. Up to 100% mortality in pond pines growing in the transitional area
between marsh. and pocosin or along the margins of the marsh is acceptable.
Ili?ator River National Wildlife
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STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
MICHAEL F. EASLEY 1501 MAIL SERVICE CENTER, RALEIGH, N.C. 27699-1501
GovERNOR
February 25, 2002
Mr. Mike Bell
US Army Corps of Engineers
Washington Field Office
107 Union Drive
Suite 202
Washington, North Carolina 27889
Dear Mr. Bell:
LYNDO TIPPETT
SECRETARY
F828M
Subject: As-Built Package for Mashoes Road Mitigation Site, Dare County,
TIP Project Number R-2551WM
Please find enclosed the As-Built Package for the above mentioned on-site
mitigation in Dare County. The package includes as-built elevations and plan
sheets per construction of the site.
This package represents the final plan sheets with all the modification that were
encountered during the construction of the project. Also included is a monitoring
plan showing the location of all the surface and groundwater monitoring gauges,
as well as the vegetation monitoring plots. Construction began on this mitigation
site in the 1998 and was completed around May, 2001. Since completion of
construction the groundwater gauges and vegetation plots have been
established.
If you should have any questions, please contact Mr. Byron Moore, Natural
Systems Engineer, at [phone].
Sincerely,
V. Charles Bruton, Ph.D.,
Assistant Branch Manager
Project Development and Environmental
Analysis Branch
PHONE [phone] FAX [phone]
Cc: w/ attachment
file
john Hennessy, NCDWQ
Kelly Williams, DCM
W/0 attachment
David Cox, WRC
Tom McCartney, USFWS
Randy Midgett, PE, NCDOT-Resident Engineer
Ken Pace, NCDOT-REU
Bill Moore, NCDOT-Geotechical

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STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
JAMES B. HUNT JR.
GOVERNOR
Mr. Mike Bell
US Army Corps of Engineers
Washington Regulatory Field Office
P.O. Box 1000
Washington, NC 27889-1000
Dear Mr. Bell:
January 2, 2001
DAVID MCCOY
SECRETARY
.. 401
?y
Subject: 2000 Annual Monitoring Reports for the Mashoes Road, Mann's Harbor,
and Lengyel Wetland Mitigation Sites
Please find enclosed the 2000 Annual Monitoring Reports for the following Wetland
Mitigation Sites:
Mashoes Road Mitigation Site, Dare County
Mann's Harbor Mitigation Site, Dare County
Lengyel Mitigation Site, Hoke County
These reports detail the hydrologic and vegetation monitoring activities over the past year
at the sites. A meeting to discuss these and other sites in your area under will be
scheduled under separate cover in the next couple of weeks.
If you should have any questions, please contact Mr. Randy Griffin, Natural Systems
Engineer, or Mr. Phil Harris, PE, Natural Systems Engineer, at [phone]. Thank
you for your continued support and cooperation.
Sincerely,
6s, PVCharl Bruton,
Assistant Branch Manager
Project Development and Environmental
Analysis Branch
Cc: w/ attachment
Scott McClendon, USACE (1)
MAILING ADDRESS: TELEPHONE: [phone] LOCATION:
PROJECT DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS FAX: [phone] TRANSPORTATION BUILDING
1548 MAIL SERVICE CENTER 1 SOUTH WILMINGTON STREET
RALEIGH NC 27699-1548 WEBSITE: WWW.DOH.DOT.STATE.NC.US RALEIGH, NC

Kelly Williams, NCDCM (2)
,i3-ahn Hennessy, NCDWQ (1)
David Cox, NCWRC (1)
Tom McCartney, USFWS (1)
Ron Sechler, NMFS (1)
w/o attachments
Natural Systems Unit Head, NCDOT

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ANNUAL REPORT FOR 2000
Mashoes Road Mitigation Site
Dare County
Project No. 8.T051402
TIP No. R-2551 WM
n;
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Prepared By:
Natural Systems Unit & Roadside Environmental Unit
North Carolina Department of Transportation
December 2000
r
1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE 1
SUMMARY ....................................................................
1.0 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................ 2
1.1 Project 2
Description ...........................................................
1.2 Purpose ........................................................................
2
1.3 Project History ................................................................ 3
1.4 Permit Related Requirements ............................................ 3
2.0 5
HY DROLOGY ............................................................................
2.1 Success 5
Criteria ......................................................... ..
2.2 Hydrologic Description .............. 5
...•.................,................
2.3 Results of Hydrologic Monitoring .
7
2.3.1 Site Data ............................................................. 7
2.3.2 Climatic 10
Data ....................... ..............................
2.4 Conclusions ..................................................................... 10
3.0 VEGETATION ........................................................................... 12
3.1 Success
Criteria .............................................................. 12
3.2 Description of 12
Species ......................................................
3.3 Results of Vegetation Monitoring ........................................
13
3.4 Conclusions ................................................................... 13
4.0 OVERALL CONCLUSIONS/ RECOMMENDATIONS ......................... 14
1
t

TABLES
TABLE 1 - 2000 HYDROLOGIC MONITORING 8
RESULTS .......................

TABLE 2 - 2000 VEGETATIVE MONITORING 13
RESULTS ........................

FIGURES

FIGURE 1 -SITE LOCATION 4
MAP ......................................................
FIGURE 2 - MONITORING GAUGE LOCATION MAP ............................. 6
FIGURE 3 - 2000 HYDROLOGIC MONITORING RESULTS ..................... 9
FIGURE 4 - 30-70 PERCENTILE
GRAPH 11
.............................................
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A - DEPTH TO GROUNDWATER PLOTS
APPENDIX B - PHOTO AND VEGETATION PLOT LOCATIONS,
SITE PHOTOS

1
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MASHOES ROAD MITIGATION SITE
2000 REPORT - EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The following report summarizes the monitoring activities that have occurred in the past
year at the Mashoes Road Mitigation Site. Construction began on this site in 1998.
The west side of Mashoes Road was completed in early 1999 and was planted with
trees; the east side of Mashoes Road was completed in the fall of 1999 but was not
planted due to phragmite's control. The site will be planted with marsh grass in the
Spring of 2001. Monitoring activities in 2000 represent the second year of monitoring
for the west side of the mitigation site. The site must demonstrate hydrologic and
vegetation success for a minimum of five years or until the project is deemed
successful. The five years will not begin for the east side until 2001.
The site contains six groundwater monitoring gauges (on the west side), eight surface
gauges (on the east side), and five vegetation plots.
This year, rainfall data has been acquired from two sources. From the beginning of the
growing season to June, the daily rainfall on the gauge data graphs was recorded at a
rain gauge at the Manteo Airport (Dare County), maintained by the NC Climate Office.
Since June, one infinity rain gauge installed on the site has provided local rainfall data.
Hydrologic monitoring indicated that the site is continuing toward success. Under
normal conditions for 2000, all six of the groundwater gauges met the jurisdictional
hydrologic success for at least 12.5% of the growing season. All eight of the surface
gauges showed steady tidal influence that maintained a water elevation above zero
under normal conditions.
Vegetation monitoring yielded 299 trees per acre, below the 320 tree requirement.
Therefore, the site will be replanted in the Winter of 2001.
Based on the monitoring results for this growing season, NCDOT proposes to continue
hydrologic and vegetation monitoring.
1
1
1
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Description
The Mashoes Road Wetland Mitigation Site is located north of Manns Harbor in Dare
County (Figure 1). It is bounded by US 64-264 to the south, the Alligator River
National Wildlife Refuge to the west, the Croatan Sound to the east, and is bisected
into east/west by SR 1113 (Mashoes Road).
A significant portion of the site (254 acres) was classified as a coastal marsh and fell
under the jurisdiction of the N.C. Division of Coastal Management. Another portion
(107 acres) was classified as forested wetlands. The remainder of the site was
comprised of a 15-acre pond, borrow pits and cleared uplands from a sand mining
operation, and some forested uplands.
The site encompasses approximately 399 acres and is designed as a mitigation site
primarily for the new Croatan Sound Bridge between Manns Harbor and Manteo , TIP
Project R-2551 (USACE Action ID No. 199502334).
1.2 Purpose
In order to demonstrate successful mitigation, hydrologic and vegetative monitoring
must be conducted for a minimum of five years or until success criteria are fulfilled.
Success criteria are based on federal guidelines for wetland mitigation. These
guidelines stipulate criteria for both hydrologic conditions and vegetation survival. The
following report details the results of hydrologic and vegetative monitoring during 2000
at the Mashoes Road Mitigation Site.
Activities in 2000 reflect the second year of hydrologic monitoring following the initial
construction of the site. 2000 is the second year of vegetation monitoring for the west
side; vegetation monitoring has not begun for the east side, because the marsh grass
will not be planted until spring 2001. Included in this report are analyses of both
hydrologic and vegetative monitoring results as well as local climate conditions
throughout the growing season.

i

1 1.3 Project History
Winter 1999
Spring 1999
March 1999

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March - November 1999
October 1999
March - November 2000
October 2000
1.4 Permit Requirements
Site Construction Complete (West Side)
Wetland Trees Planted (West Side)
Monitoring Gauges Installed (Entire Site)
Hydrologic Monitoring (Entire Site)
Vegetation Monitoring (West Side, 1 yr.)
Hydrologic Monitoring (Entire Site)
Vegetation Monitoring (West Side, 2 yr.)
The Mashoes Road Mitigation Site was constructed primarily to compensate for
impacts to TIP Project R-2551 (USACE Action ID No. 199502334). Permit
commitments stated that phragmites australis would be totally controlled in the marsh
area.
The permit was modified in 2000, which allowed for marsh planting to be extended to
the spring of 2001. This gave NCDOT additional time to further treat for phragmites.
The site was treated for phragmites in 2000. The planting of marsh grass at the site will
be completed in Spring 2001.
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2.0 HYDROLOGY
2.1 Success Criteria
In accordance with federal guidelines for wetland mitigation, the success criteria for
hydrology states that the area must be inundated or saturated (within 12" of the
surface) by surface or ground water for at least 12.5% of the growing season. Areas
inundated less than 5% of the growing season are always classified as non-wetlands.
Areas inundated between 5% - 12.5% of the growing season can be classified as
wetlands depending upon other factors, such as the presence of hydrophytic vegetation
and hydric soils.
The growing season in Dare County begins March 13 and ends November 25. The
dates correspond to a 50% probability that temperatures will drop to 28° F or lower after
March 13 and before November 25.' The growing season is 258 days; therefore the
optimum duration for wetland hydrology is 32 days. Also, local climate must represent
average conditions for the area.
2.2 Hydrologic Description
Historically, the wetlands on this tract were part of the coastal marsh of the surrounding
area. The primary sources of hydrology are tidal flushing of the system and
groundwater. After an extensive study of the site's hydrology, it was concluded that
filling of the ponds, and grading down of the upland areas would elevate the
groundwater to a level that would saturate the soil stratum within the required twelve
inches or even flood the area during high tides. It was predicted that this would be
sufficient to restore wetland hydrology.
Six groundwater monitoring gauges, eight surface gauges, and one rain gauge were
installed in 1999 (Figure 2). The rain gauges and monitoring gauges recorded daily
readings of rainfall and depth to groundwater, respectively. The surface gauges record
tidal conditions eight times daily; however, only one representative reading was used
for graphing and statistical purposes in this report.
The daily rainfall for the site is recorded from a combination of two sources. Prior to
June, the average of the daily rainfall recorded by a rain gauge located at the Manteo
Airport was used; this rainfall data was provided by the NC State Climate Office. Since
June, the rainfall data was acquired from a new onsite rain gauge.
' Natural Resources Conservation Service, Soil Survey of Dare County, North Carolina, p.69.
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2.3 Results of Hydrologic Monitoring
2.3.1 Site Data
For groundwater monitoring gauges on the west side of the mitigation site, the
maximum number of consecutive days that the groundwater was within twelve inches of
the surface was determined for each gauge. For surface gauges, the ground surface
was used (elevation zero) to give a better representation that the east side of Mashoes
Road was receiving daily tidal flooding. This number was converted into a percentage
of the 256-day growing season. Table 1 presents the 2000 results. In the table, "MR"
refers to Mashoes Road Mitigation Site, "S" refers to surface gauges, and "G" refers to
groundwater gauges.
Appendix A contains a plot of the groundwater depth for each monitoring gauge. The
maximum number of consecutive days that the gauge met success above this 12-inch
depth is noted on each graph. Data determined to be erroneous was omitted;
therefore, some gaps appear in the plots.
Precipitation events are included on each graph as bars.

1
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Table 1
2000 HYDROLOGIC MONITORING RESULTS
(MARCH 17 - NOVEMBER 25)
Monitoring
Gauge < 5%
(<13
d 5-8%
(13-20
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(21-32 dy) > 12 5%
(>32 dY) " -Actual % ; Dates
-, Meeting
..Success
MR S1 ref ? 82.6 3/14-11/11
MR-S2 ? 89.5 4/9 - 11/25
MR-S3 ref ? 100 3/13-11/25
MR-S4 ref ? 100 3/13-11/25
MR-S5 ? 74.4 4/11-10/19
MR-S6 ? 100 3/13-11/25
MR-S7 ref ? 100 3/13-11/25
MR-S8 ? 100 3/13-11/25
MR-G9 ref ? 81.4 3/13-10/21
MR-G 10 ref ? 100 3/13-11/25
MR-G11 ? 18.2 10/10 - 11/25
MR-G12 ? 45.0 8/2 - 11 /25
MR-G13 ref ? 69.0 6/1-11/25
MR-G14 ? 100 3/13 - 11/25
Notes: "MR" denotes Mashoes Road site gauges.
"S" denotes surface gauges.
"G" denotes groundwater gauges.
"ref" denotes gauges in reference wetlands.
It should be noted that the graph for MR-G11 (see Appendix A) shows the hydrologic
reading to be much lower than the 12-inch requirement. Geotechnical Unit checked the
gauge and determined that it was malfunctioning. The gauge was finally replaced in
October> Consequently, the hydrological data showed much better conditions in
October and November, giving a >12.5% result. This gauge will be closely monitored
to verify the accuracy.

Figure 3 is a graphical representation of the hydrologic monitoring results for this year.
A blue dot (or square) represents wetland hydrology for more than 12.5% of the
season; a red dot/square indicates hydrology between 8% and 12.5%; a green
dot/square represents hydrology between 5% and 8%.
For this time period from March to November, all six groundwater gauges met the
jurisdictional hydrologic success of at least 12.5% during the growing season.
All eight surface gauges recorded that flooding occurred at least 12.5% of the growing
season.
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Figure 4 represents an examination of the local climate in comparison with historical
' data in order to determine whether 2000 was "average" in terms of climate conditions.
The figure compares the rainfall from 2000 with that of historical rainfall (data collected
between 1931 and 1999). All rainfall data was collected from the NC State Climate
Office. The graph shows 1999 rainfall totals from September through December; the
graphs also shows 2000 rainfall totals through July. Rainfall data for July through
December 2000 will be presented in the 2001 Annual Monitoring Report.
For 1999, September and October had especially high precipitation due to hurricane
activity, whereas December was below normal. For 2000, March was below normal,
whereas, May and June were higher than normal. Overall so far, 2000 has been an
average year in terms of precipitation.
2.4 Conclusions
2000 represents the second full growing season that the hydrologic data has been
examined. All six groundwater monitoring gauges met the jurisdictional wetland
hydrology for 12.5% of the growing season; all eight surface gauges met the 12.5%
requirement of daily flooding the site during this same period.
The overall monitoring results show that the site performed adequately from a
hydrological standpoint.

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3.0 VEGETATION (YEAR 2 OF 5)
3.1 Success Criteria
NCDOT will monitor the site for five years. A 320 stems per acre survival criterion for
planted seedlings will be used to determine success for the first three years. The
required survival criterion will decrease by 10% per year after the third year of
vegetation monitoring (i.e., for an expected 290 stems per acre for year 4, and 260
stems per acre for year 5). The number of plants of one species will not exceed 20% of
the total number of plants of all species planted.
3.2 Description of Species
The following species were planted in the Wetland Restoration Area:

Zone 1: Wetland Tree Reforestation (2.7 acres)
Taxodium distichum, Bald Cypress
Quercus phellos, Willow Oak
Nyssa sylvatica, Black Gum
Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Green Ash
Quercus nigra, Water Oak
Zone 2: Wetland Tree Reforestation( 4.3 acres)
' Taxodium distichum, Bald Cypress
Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Green Ash
Quercus nigra, Water Oak
Quercus phellos, Willow Oak

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12
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3.3 Results of Vegetation Monitoring
Table 2
2000 VEGETATIVE MONITORING RESULTS

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ZONE 1 AVE RAGE 284

To determine tree density, 50'x 50' plots are installed immediately following planting.
The actual number of planted trees which occur within the plot are counted. This
number is equated to the number within each plot, which represents 680 trees per acre
(average). The survival monitoring number is compared to the planted number to
obtain survival percentage. This percentage is applied to the 680 trees per acre to
obtain an estimated tree per acre for the site. (Density = monitoring count / planted
trees x 680)
Site Notes: Many of the plots contain Juncus americanus and scirpus. Other species
noted on site include: phragmities, aster, goldenrod, black needlerush, spikerush and
cattails.
3.4 Conclusions
Of the 399 acres on this site, approximately 7 involve tree planting. There were 5 plots
established throughout the planting areas, encompassing all plant communities. The
vegetation monitoring resulted in an average density of 299 trees per acre, which is
below the 320 trees per acre required by the success criteria. NCDOT plans to replant
the western side of the site in 2001.
The eastern side of the site was treated for phragmites in October 2000. This side of
the site is scheduled for marsh grass plantings in Spring 2001.

1 13
TOTAL AVERAGE 299
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4.0 OVERALL CONCLUSIONS/ RECOMMENDATIONS
The overall monitoring results show that the site performed adequately from a
hydrological standpoint.
NCDOT will complete planting of marsh grass in Spring 2001. The western side will be
replanted with trees in Winter 2001.
NCDOT will continue to monitor the site for both hydrologic and vegetation success.
[l
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APPENDIX A
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APPENDIX B
' PHOTO AND VEGETATION PLOT LOCATIONS,
SITE PHOTOS

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2000

STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
JAMES B. HUNT JR. P.O. BOX 25201, RALE1G11, N.C. 27611-5201 DAVID MCCOY
GOVERNOR January 10, 2000 SECRETARY
Mr. Mike Bell
US Army Corps of Engineers
Washington Regulatory Field Office a
Post Office Box 1000 4
Washington, North Carolina 27889-1000
Dear Mr. Bell:
Subject: 1999 Annual Monitoring Report for Mashoes Road Mitigation Site, Dare
County.
Please find enclosed one copy of the 1999 Annual Monitoring Report for the Mashoes
Road Mitigation Site. This report details the hydrologic and vegetation monitoring
activities from the past year at the site, currently in its first year of monitoring.
A meeting to discuss this and other sites evaluated by the Washington and Wilmington
Regulatory Field Offices has been scheduled for Friday, February 18, 2000 at 9:00am in
Room 470 of the Transportation Building. Representatives from NCDOT and various
other agencies wJ11 be in attendance.
If you should have any questions prior to this meeting, please contact Beth Smyre,
Natural Systems Engineer, at [phone]. Thank you for your continued support and
cooperation.
Sincerely,
OX
•c4L a
V. Charles Bruton, Ph.D.,
Assistant Manager
Project Development and
Environmental Analysis Branch
Cc: w/ attachment
David Franklin, USACE (1)
Kelly Williams, NCDCM (2)
John Hennessy, NCDWQ (11
David Cox, NCWRC (1)
w/o attachment
Bruce Ellis, NCDOT
PHONE [phone] FAX [phone]
1
ANNUAL REPORT FOR 1999
Mashc
Dare County
Project No. 8. T051402
TIP No. R-2551 11'IM
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1,
...TAR.. f
Prepared Bar:
Natural Systems Unit &
Roadside Environmental Unit
North Carolina Department of Transportation
December 1999

TABLE OF CONTENTS
SUMMARY .........................................................................................1
1.0 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................... 2
1.1 Project Description ............................................................ 2
1.2 Purpose .......................................................................... 2
1.3 Project History .................................................................. 2
2.0 HYDROLOGY ............................................................................ 4
2.1 Success Criteria ................................................................ 4
2.2 Hydrologic Description ........................................................ 4
2.3 Results of Hydrologic Monitoring ........................................... 6
2.3.1 Site Data ............................................................... 6
2.3.2 Climatic Data ......................................................... 11
2.4 Conclusions ..................................................................... 11
3.0 VEGETATION ........................................................................... 13
3.1 Success Criteria ................................................................ 13
3.2 Description of Species ........................................................ 13
3.3 Results of Vegetation Monitoring .......................................... 14
3.4 Conclusions ..................................................................... 15
4.0 OVERALL CONCLUSIONS/ RECOMMENDATIONS ......................... 16
1

TABLES
TABLE 1 - 1999 HYDROLOGIC MONITORING RESULTS ....................... 7
TABLE 2 -VEGETATIVE MONITORING RESULTS ................................ 14
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE 1 - SITE LOCATION MAP .................................................... 3
FIGURE 2 - WELL LOCATION MAP .................................................. 5
FIGURE 3 -1999 HYDROLOGIC MONITORING RESULTS .................... 9
FIGURE 4 - 30-70 PERCENTILE GRAPH ............................................ 12
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A - DEPTH TO GROUNDWATER CHARTS ......................... 17
APPENDIX B - SITE PHOTOS .......................................................... 32
APPENDIX C - CORRESPONDENCE ................................................ 35
APPENDIX D - VEGETATION PLANTING PLAN .................................. 38
1

' SUMMARY
The following report summarizes the monitoring activities that have occurred in the past
' year at the Mashoes Road Mitigation Site. Construction began on this site 1998. The
west side of Mashoes Road was completed in early 1999 and planted with trees; the
east side of Mashoes Road will be completed this winter and planted with marsh grass
in the spring of 2000. Monitoring activities in 1999 represent the first year of
monitoring. The site must demonstrate both hydrologic and vegetation success for a
minimum of three years or until the project is deemed successful. Since construction
was not complete prior to monitoring this year, NCDOT expects that the monitoring for
this year will not count toward the three year requirement.
The site contains six groundwater monitoring wells, eight surface gauges, and five
vegetation plots.
' One major change in the hydrologic monitoring process is the use of local weather
station rainfall data for the site analysis. The daily rainfall on the well data graphs is
recorded at a rain gauge at the Manteo Airport (Dare County), maintained by the NC
State Climate Office. This data is being used because past on-site rainfall gauges have
proven unreliable. These site gauges will be replaced with more reliable equipment
' prior to the start of the 2000 growing season.
Hydrologic monitoring indicated that the site met success criteria; five of the six
' groundwater wells met the 12.5% requirement under normal conditions (i.e., without
taking into account the hurricane activity). Seven of the eight surface gauges showed
steady tidal influence that maintained a water elevation above zero under normal
conditions. This report presents an analysis of the hydrologic data both before and
after the hurricane season.
Vegetation monitoring yielded a successful stem count in all of the planting transects.
Because construction of the project is not completed, NCDOT recommends that
monitoring continue.

fl
' 1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Description
The Mashoes Road Wetland Mitigation Site is located north of Manns Harbor in Dare
County (Figure 1). It is bounded by US 64-264 to the south, the Alligator River
' National Wildlife Refuge to the west, the Croatan Sound to the east, and is bisected into
east/west by SR 1113 (Mashoes Road).
' A significant portion of the site (254 acres) was classified as a coastal marsh and fell
under the jurisdiction of the N.C. Division of Coastal Management. Another portion
(107 acres) was classified as forested wetlands. The remainder of the site was
comprised of a 15-acre pond, borrow pits and cleared uplands from a sand mining
operation, and some forested uplands.
' The site encompasses approximately 399 acres and is designed as a mitigation site
primarily for the new Croatan Sound Bridge between Manns Harbor and Manteo, TIP
Project R-2551 (USACE Action ID No. 199502334).
1.2 Purpose
' In order to demonstrate successful mitigation, hydrologic and vegetative monitoring
must be conducted for a minimum of three years or until success criteria are fulfilled.
' Success criteria are based on federal guidelines for wetland mitigation. These
guidelines stipulate criteria for both hydrologic conditions and vegetation survival. The
following report details the results of hydrologic and vegetative monitoring during 1999
' at the Mashoes Road Mitigation Site.
Activities in 1999 reflect the first year of monitoring following the construction on the
' west side of Mashoes Road. Included in this report are analyses of both hydrologic and
vegetative monitoring results as well as local climate conditions throughout the growing
season.
1.3 Project History
Winter 1999 Site Construction Complete (West Side of
Mashoes Road)
' Spring 1999 Wetland Trees Planted (West Side of Mashoes
' Road)
March 1999 Monitoring Wells Installed (Entire Site)
' October 1999 Vegetation Monitoring (1 yr.)
2
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2.0 HYDROLOGY
2.1 Success Criteria
In accordance with federal guidelines for wetland mitigation, the success criteria for
hydrology states that the area must be inundated or saturated (within 12" of the
surface) by surface or ground water for at least 12.5% of the growing season. Areas
inundated less than 5% of the growing season are always classified as non-wetlands.
Areas inundated between 5% 12.5% of the growing season can be classified as
wetlands depending upon other factors, such as the presence of hydrophytic vegetation
and hydric soils.
The growing season in Dare County begins March 13 and ends November 25. The
dates correspond to a 50% probability that temperatures will drop to 28° F or lower after
March 13 and before November 25.' The growing season is 256 days; therefore the
optimum duration for wetland hydrology is 32 days. Also, local climate must represent
average conditions for the area.
2.2 Hydrologic Description
Historically, the wetlands on this tract were part of the coastal marsh of the surrounding
area. The primary sources of hydrology are tidal flushing of the system and
groundwater. After an extensive study of the site's hydrology, it was concluded that
filling of the ponds, and the grading of the upland areas would elevate the groundwater
to a level that would saturate the soil stratum within the required twelve inches or even
flood the area during high tides. It was predicted that this would be sufficient to restore
wetland hydrology.
Six groundwater monitoring wells, eight surface gauges, and one rain gauge were
installed in 1999 (Figure 2). The rain gauges and monitoring wells recorded daily
readings of rainfall and depth to groundwater, respectively. The surface gauges record
tidal conditions eight times daily; however, only one representative reading was used
for graphing and statistical purposes in this report.
Appendix A contains a plot of the groundwater depth for each monitoring well. Data
determined to be erroneous was omitted; therefore, some gaps appear in the plots.
Precipitation events are included on each graph as bars. The rainfall plotted is the daily
rainfall recorded by a rain gauge located at the Manteo Airport.
'Natural Resources Conservation Service, Soil Survey of Dare County, North Carolina, p.69.
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2.3 Results of Hydrologic Monitoring
1 2.3.1 Site Data
The maximum number of consecutive days that the groundwater was within twelve
inches of the surface was determined for each well. This number was converted into a
percentage of the 256-day growing season. Table 1 presents the 1999 results. In the
' table, "MR" refers to Mashoes Road Mitigation Site, "S" refers to surface gauges, and
"G" refers to groundwater wells.
The maximum number of consecutive days that the groundwater was within twelve
inches of the surface was determined for each groundwater well. For surface gauges,
the ground surface was used (rather than 12 inches below the surface) to give a better
' representation that the mitigation area east of Mashoes Road had daily tidal flooding.
This number was converted into a percentage of the 256-day growing season. Tables
1A and 1 B present the 1999 results.
' Appendix A contains a plot of the groundwater depth for each monitoring well and the
surface water depth recorded by the surface gauge. The maximum number of
' consecutive days is noted on each graph. Precipitation data was recorded at the
Manteo Airport; data was only available through August 31, 1999.
' Several hurricanes inundated the site with precipitation beginning in September of this
year. Because this additional precipitation was not considered "normal conditions" and
' greatly affected the monitoring results, the well data on this site was divided into two
time periods: (1) conditions prior to hurricane activity, and (2) conditions during and
.after hurricane activity. Tables 1A and 1 B reflect the two time periods.

r

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Table 1A
1999 HYDROLOGIC MONITORING RESULTS
CONDITIONS PRIOR TO HURRICANE ACTIVITY
(MARCH 17 -AUGUST 31)
Monitoring
Well < 5%
(<13 dy) 5-8%
(13-20 dy) 8-
12.5%
(21-32 dy) > 12.5%
(>32 dy) Actual % Dates' Meeting'
Success
MR-S1 (ref) ? 47.3 3/31 - 7/29
MR-S2 ? 29.3 5/13 - 7/26
MR-S3 (ref) ? 10.9 4/11 - 5/8
MR-S4 (ref) ? 93.7* 3/31-11/25
MR-S5 ? 9.8 5/15 - 6/8
MR-S6 ? 10.1 7/11 - 8/5
MR-S7 (ref) ? 93.7* 3/31 - 11 /25
MR-S8 ? 93.7* 3/31 -11/25
MR-G9 (ref) ? 21.9 7/7 - 8/31
M R-G 10 (ref) ? 60.2 3/31 - 8/31
M R-G 11 ** ? 30.9 4/29 - 7/16
MR-G12 ? 7.4 6/16 - 7/4
MR-G13 (ref) ? 24.6 6/30 - 8/31
MR-G14 ? 30.9 6/14 - 8/31
' Notes: "MR" denotes Mashoes Road site wells
"S" denotes surface gauges
"G" denotes groundwater gauges
"ref denotes wells in reference wetlands.
denotes wells that met hydrology during the entire growing season (after installation on March
31).
** Well G11 ceased to work after August 16.
Figure 3A is a graphical representation of the hydrologic monitoring results for the
' earlier time period in 1999. A blue dot represents wetland hydrology for more than
12.5% of the season; a red dot indicates hydrology between 8% and 12.5%; a green
dot represents hydrology between 5% and 8%. It is this hydrologic data, recorded
' between March 17, 1999 and August 31, 1999, which will determine the success of the
mitigation site. Groundwater levels recorded after September 1, 1999 were influenced
by extreme weather conditions and should not be used to represent success. Data
' collected after September 1, 1999 is presented in Table 1 B.
' For this time period from March through August, five of six groundwater wells met the
jurisdictional hydrologic success of at least 12.5% during the growing season.
' Five of eight surface gauges recorded that flooding occurred at least 12.5% of the
growing season. Of the three surface gauges not meeting the 12.5% requirement, one
gauge was in the reference marsh.
7

E

0

J
Table 18
1999 HYDROLOGIC MONITORING RESULTS
CONDITIONS DURING AND AFTER HURRICANE ACTIVITY
(SEPTEMBER 1 - NOVEMBER 25)
Monitoring
Well < 5%
(<13 dy) 5-8%
(13-20 dy) 8-
12.5%
(21-32 dy) > 12.5%
(>32 dy) Actual
% Dates Meeting
Success
MR-S1 ? 33.6 9/1-11/25
MR-S2** ? 24.2 9/1 -11/1
MR-S3 ? 31.2 9/1-11/25
MR-S4* ? 93.7 3/31-11/25
MR-S5 ? 33.6 9/1 -11/25
MR-S6 ? 33.6 9/1-.11/25
MR-S7* ? 93.7 3/31-11/25
M R-S8* ? 93.7 3/31-11/25
MR-G9 ? 33.6 9/1-11/25
MR-G10 ? 33.6 9/1 -11/25
M R-G 11 ** N.A.
MR-G12 ? 33.6 9/1-11/25
MR-G13** ? 28.9 9/1 -11/13
MR-G14 ? 33.6 9/1-11/25
Notes: "MR" denotes Mashoes Road site wells
"S" denotes surface gauges
"G" denotes groundwater gauges
"ref"denotes wells in reference wetlands.
* denotes wells that met hydrology during the entire growing season (after installation on March
31).
** Surface Gauge S2 ceased working after November 1; Well G11 ceased to work after August
16; Well G13 ceased to work after November 13.
' Figure 313 is a graphical representation of the hydrologic monitoring results for the last
three months of the 1999 growing season. Again, a blue dot represents wetland
hydrology for more than 12.5% of the season; a red dot indicates hydrology between
' 8% and 12.5%; a green dot represents hydrology between 5% and 8%. NCDOT
realizes that the hydrologic results in the wake of the September hurricanes will not
count toward overall monitoring; however, the reaction of the site to large storms is
' noteworthy.
For this time period from September through November, all six groundwater wells met
' the jurisdictional hydrologic success of at least 12.5% during the growing season. All
eight surface gauges recorded that flooding occurred at least 12.5% of the growing
' season.

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1 2.3.2 Climatic Data
' Figure 4 represents an examination of the local climate in comparison with historical
data in order to determine whether 1999 was "average" in terms of climate conditions.
' The figure compares the rainfall from 1999 with that of historical rainfall (data collected
between 1931 and 1998). All rainfall data was collected from the NC State Climate
Office. The graph shows 1999 rainfall totals through August. Rainfall data for
September through December 1999 will be presented in the 2000 Annual Monitoring
Report.
' Rainfall data for Dare County shows that the area received average to slightly below-
average rainfall totals throughout the early months of 1999. Prior to the storms in
September, the local rainfall was average for the area.
' 2.4 Conclusions
' 1999 represents the first full growing season that the hydrologic data has been
examined. Five of six groundwater monitoring wells met the jurisdictional wetland
hydrology for 12.5% of the growing season prior to September; five of eight surface
' gauges met the 12.5% requirement of daily flooding the site during this same period.
From September through November, all groundwater wells and surface gauges met the
' jurisdictional wetland hydrology requirements.
The overall monitoring results show that the site performed adequately from a
' hydrological standpoint, even prior to the hurricane activity. Rainfall data from Dare
County indicates average conditions for the area. Once construction to the eastern
marsh side of Mashoes Road is completed, the official monitoring will begin in 2000.

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3.0 VEGETATION
3.1 Success Criteria
Success Criteria states that there must be a minimum of 260 trees per acre living for at
least five consecutive years.
3.2 Description of Species
The following species were planted in the Wetland Restoration Area:
Zone 1: Wetland Tree Reforestation (2.7 acres)
Taxodium distichum, Bald Cypress
Quercus phellos, Willow Oak
Nyssa sylvatica, Black Gum
Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Green Ash
Quercus nigra, Water Oak
Zone 2: Wetland Tree Reforestation ( 4.3 acres)
Taxodium distichum, Bald Cypress
Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Green Ash
Quercus nigra, Water Oak
Quercus phellos, Willow Oak
13

3.3 Results of Vegetation Monitoring (1 year)
TABLE 2
VEGETATIVE MONITORING RESULTS
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ZONE a 0 3 m m fC- o
1 1 16 11 3 1 31 40 527
2 8 13 5 26 31 570
ZONE 1 AVE RAGE 549
3 2 1 23 26 34 520
4 3 14. 17 32 361
5 3 10 13 32 276
ZONE 2 AVERAGE 386
TOTAL AVERAGE 451
To determine tree density, 50'x 50' plots are installed immediately following planting.
The actual numbers of planted trees that occur within the plot are counted. This
number is equated to the number within each plot, which represents 680 trees per acre
(average). The survival monitoring number is compared to the planted number to
obtain survival percentage. This percentage is applied to the 680 trees per acre to
obtain an estimated tree per acre for the site.
Density = monitoring count x 680 (trees per acre)
planted trees
Notes from Report: Many of the plots contain panicum and scirpus. Plot 1, 3, 4 and 5
had 2 to 8 inches of standing water at the time of inspection.
14

3.4 Conclusions
' Of the 399 acres on this site, approximately 7 involve tree planting. There were 5 plots
established throughout the planting areas, encompassing all plant communities. The
' first year vegetation monitoring resulted in an average density of 451 trees per acre,
well above the 260 trees per acre as required by the success criteria.
' The northern side of the site is scheduled for marsh grass plantings in the future. This
side was treated for Phragmites in June 1999.

7

15

4.0 OVERALL CONCLUSIONS/ RECOMMENDATIONS
The overall monitoring results show that the site performed adequately from a
hydrological standpoint, even prior to the hurricane activity.
NCDOT will complete construction of the eastern marsh portion of the site this winter.
Planting of marsh grass will occur in spring 2000.
NCDOT will continue to monitor the site for both hydrologic and vegetation success.
16

0

I I

1
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APPENDIX A
DEPTH TO GROUNDWATER PLOTS
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APPENDIX B
SITE PHOTOS
32
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APPENDIX C
CORRESPONDENCE
35
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DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
WILMINGTON DISTRICT, CORPS OF ENGINEERS
PO. BOX 1890 i"
WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA 28402-1890
' IN REPLY REFER TO February 26, 1999 E'4
Regulatory Division:_
Action ID No. 199502334 c; p ac
r. . 3 V,• ;
4? 44,i4YS?g
' Mr. William D. Gilmore, P.E., Manager
Planning and Environmental Branch
' North Carolina Department of Transportation
Post Office Box 25201
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-5201
' Dear Mr. Gilmore:
Reference the Department of the Army (DA) permit issued to you on March 5, 1998,
associated with the widening of approximately 10 miles of U.S. 64-264, including constructing
new bridge over the Croatan Sound and adjacent marshes, from US 64-264 West of Manns
' iarbor to NC 345 South of Manteo, in Dare County, North Carolina (TIP No. R-2551, Federal
t---.Id Project No. NHF-64(6), State Project No. 8.T051401). Also reference your subsequent
itten request dated January 14, 1999, for a permit modification to:
a. Plant the western section of the site with trees as scheduled. On the eastern side of the site,
Phra_ ites australis colonization is still a problem. Because the removal of P a e austraiis
' is a permit condition, NCDOT proposes to delay planting one year to allow NCDOT two
additional opportunities (spring 1999 and fall 1999) to eliminate the Phragmites australis on the
site prior to planting the site ?.vith -arsr. grass. This delay would also allow the wet, mucky
previous pit area time to dry and stabilize. The entire marsh area would have to be planted
during spring 2000.
' According to the permittee, this action would still run concurrently with the construction of
the road project and would provide better opportunity to eliminate Phra ites aus a ' .
' This modification request has been coordinated by facsimile dated February 4, 1999, with the
North Carolina Division of Water Quality, and other appropriate State and Federal agencies. This
coordination revealed no objections to this modification request. Therefore, the permit is hereby
modified in accordance with the specific work activities described above. It is understood that
all conditions of the original permit remain applicable and that the expiration date is unchanged.
?I?
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' Any questions regarding this correspondence may be directed to Mr. Michael Bell, NCDOT
Coordinator/Regulatory Project Manager at the Washington Regulatory Field Office, telephone
[phone], extension 26.
Sincerely,
0
0

Terry R. Youngbluth
Colonel, U.S. Army
District Engineer
Copies Furnished:
`,fr. Randall Turner
`.C. Department of Transportation
Division I Environmental Officer
113 Aimort Drive, Suite 100
Post Office Box 850
Edenton, North Carolina 27932
ir. John Parker
' Division of Coastal Manasement
North Carolina Department of Environment
and Natural Resources
' Jost Office Box 27687
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687

I I

Mr. John Domey
Division of Water
North Carolina Department of Environment
:nd Natural Resources
Wetlands and Aquatic Plants
4401 Reedy Creek Road
Raleigh, North Carolina 27607
.vIr. Larry Hardy
National Marine Fisheries Service
Pivers Island
3eaufort, North Carolina 28516
',/1r. John M. Heftier
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Fish and Wildlife Enhancement
Post Office Box 33726
Raleigh, North Carolina 27636-3726
Mr. William L. Cox, Chief
Wetlands Section-Region IV
Wetlands Management Division,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
61 Forsyth Street Southwest
Atlanta, Georgia 30303
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APPENDIX D
VEGETATION PLANTING PLAN
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ANNUAL REPORT FOR 2004
White's Store Mitigation Site
Dare County
Project No. 8.T051401
TIP No. R-2551 WM
Prepared By:
Office of Natural Environment & Roadside Environmental Unit
North Carolina Department of Transportation
December 2004

TABLE OF CONTENTS
SUMMARY ...................................................................................... 1
1.0 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................ 2
1.1 Project Description ........................................................... 2
1.2 Purpose ........................................................................ 2
1.3 Project History ................................................................ 2
2.0 HYDROLOGY ............................................................................ 4
2.1 Success Criteria .............................................................. 4
2.2 Hydrologic Description ..................................................... 4
2.3 Results of Hydrologic Monitoring ........................................ 4
2.3.1 Site Data ............................................................. 4
2.3.2 Climatic Data ........................................................ 4
2.4 Conclusions ................................................................... 6
3.0 VEGETATION ................................................ .. ...... . 8
3.1 Success Criteria .............................................................. 8
3.2 Description of Species ...................................................... 8
3.3 Results of Vegetation Monitoring ........................................ 9
3.4 Conclusions .................................................................... 10
4.0 OVERALL CONCLUSIONS/ RECOMMENDATIONS ......................... 10
TABLES
TABLE 1 -VEGETATION MONITORING STATISTICS ........................... 9
FIGURES
FIGURE 1 - SITE LOCATION MAP ...................................................... 3
FIGURE 2 - GAUGE LOCATION MAP ................................................. 5
FIGURE 3 - 30-70 PERCENTILE GRAPH ............................................. 7
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A - GAUGE DATA GRAPHS
APPENDIX B - SITE PHOTOS AND VEGETATION PLOT/ MONITORING
GAUGE MAP
SUMMARY
The following report summarizes the monitoring activities that have occurred in the past
year on the White's Store Mitigation Site. The site was constructed and originally
planted in May 2001 and was designed as saw grass marsh restoration. The entire site
serves as mitigation for impacts associated with construction of US 64-264.
Two groundwater-monitoring gauges were installed on the.site in March 2002. At the
request of the resource agencies, these two gauges were reset in May 2003 as surface
water gauges that record data in 3-hour intervals. The site is a wind driven tidal system;
therefore, success will be measured by the occurrence of inundation (occasional
flooding is required for success). For the 2004-year, the two surface gauges exhibited
frequent flooding on the site. Therefore, the White's Store Mitigation Site fulfilled the
hydrology success requirement.
An on-site meeting with agency personnel
site's current elevation. The agencies and
were similar to those at the reference site,
system is inundating the site occasionally.
was held on July 28, 2004, to review the
NCDOT agreed that the on-site elevations
It also appears that the wind driven tidal
Soil samples were taken at the reference and mitigation sites on April 12, 2004 for soil
condition comparison pertaining to previous lack of vegetation survival. The sample
results did not determine why the planted vegetation was not surviving. The 2004
monitoring has shown a scale value of 4.6, which is on track for success. Small areas
of phragmites have been noted on the site. NCDOT has treated the site to control
phragmites in 2002 and 2003. During the on-site agency meeting (July 2004), it was
agreed that NCDOT could propose to discontinue vegetation monitoring during the
2004-monitoring year.
Based on the successful monitoring results for the 2004 growing season, NCDOT
proposes to discontinue hydrologic and vegetation monitoring at White's Store
Mitigation Site.
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Description
The White's Store Wetland Mitigation Site is located west of Manns Harbor in Dare
County (Figure 1). Built in early 2001, the site serves as mitigation for impacts
associated with US 64-264 construction (USACE Action ID No. 199502334). The site
was designed to provide 0.21 acres of saw grass marsh mitigation.
1.2 Purpose
In order to demonstrate successful mitigation, hydrologic and vegetative monitoring
must be conducted for a minimum of five years or until the site is deemed successful.
The site is a wind driven tidal system; therefore it will be deemed successful when the
site demonstrates occasional inundation. The following report details the results of
hydrologic and vegetative monitoring during 2004 at the White's Store Mitigation Site.
Included in this report are analyses of both hydrologic and vegetative monitoring results,
as well as local climate conditions throughout the growing season.
1.3 Project History
May 2001
May 2001
August 2001
March 2002
March - November 2002
May 2002
August 2002
November 2002
April 2003
April 2003
May 2003
September 2003
October 2003
March - November 2003
July 2004
March - November 2004
Site Constructed
Site Planted
Vegetation Monitoring (1 yr.)
Monitoring Gauges Installed
Hydrologic Monitoring (1 yr.)
Site Replanted
Vegetation Monitoring (1 yr. Restart)
Site Treated for Phragmites
Site Tilled
Site Replanted
Monitoring Gauges Reset as Surface Gauges
Vegetation Monitoring (1 yr. Restart)
Site Treated for Phragmites
Hydrologic Monitoring (2 yr.)
Vegetation Monitoring (2 yr.)
Hydrologic Monitoring (3 yr.)
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2.0 HYDROLOGY
2.1 Success Criteria
There are not written success criteria for the White's Store Mitigation Site. The
hydrologic monitoring aspect involves the use of surface water gauges. The site is a
wind driven tidal system; therefore, it will be deemed successful when the site
demonstrates occasional flooding. Groundwater monitoring is not required on this site
(tidal system).
2.2 Hydrologic Description
The site was constructed by grading to a natural wetland elevation in order to replicate
the hydrology of adjacent emergent communities that were also used as reference
ecosystems. Two groundwater-monitoring gauges were installed on the site in March
2002. At the request of the resource agencies, these two gauges were reset in May
2003 as surface water gauges that record data in 3-hour intervals (Figure 2).
2.3 Results of Hydrologic Monitoring
2.3.1 Site Data
The resource agencies in conjunction with NCDOT decided that the federal wetland
success criteria guidelines did not pertain to the White's Store Mitigation Site, since it is
a wind driven tidal system. It was determined that in order for the site to achieve
hydrologic success, it must exhibit occasional surface flooding.
2.3.2 Climatic Data
Figure 3 represents an examination of the local climate in comparison with historical
data in order to determine whether 2004 was "average" in terms of climate conditions.
The two lines represent the 30th and 70th percentiles of monthly precipitation for Manteo,
NC. The bars are monthly rainfall totals for 2003 and 2004. The historical data was
collected from the State Climate Office of North Carolina.
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For the 2004-year, November (03'), January, March, and October experienced below
average rainfall. The months of February, April, May, July, and November all recorded
average rainfall for the site. December (03'), June, August, and September
experienced above average rainfall. The rainfall data from the onsite rain gauge was
used for the months of September-November. Overall, 2004 experienced an average
rainfall year.
2.4 Conclusions
The 2004 hydrologic monitoring indicated that both surface gauges met the success
criteria showing frequent flooding throughout the growing season. The White's Store
Mitigation Site has fulfilled the hydrology success requirement. NCDOT proposes to
discontinue hydrologic monitoring at White's Store Mitigation Site.
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3.0 VEGETATION: WHITE STORE MITIGATION SITE
(YEAR 2 MONITORING)
3.1 Success Criteria
The success of marsh vegetation will be determined in accordance with NMFS
Guidelines. Monitoring plots found to be located within the open water channel
will not be evaluated, and will not count in the final count of plots. The vegetation
component of the wetland site will be deemed successful if the following criteria
are met.
1. At year five, the average of all plots should have a scale value of 5
(75% vegetative cover) consisting of wetland herbaceous species, not
including any invasive species.
2. A minimum of 70% of the plots shall contain the target (planted)
species.
3.2 Description of Species
The following species was planted in the Wetland Restoration Area:
Cladium jamaicense, Sawgrass
8
3.3 Results of Vegetation Monitoring

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Frequency (Percentage of Plots 43.3%
with Desired Species)
Sum Scale Value 138.0
Total Number of Plots 30
Ve etative Cover Scale Value 4.6

Site Notes: The following species were also noted in the monitoring plots. The
percentage of plots the species was found in is following the species in
parentheses (i.e. 14% of the plots contain Spartina patens)
Spartina patens (14), cattails (14), Baccharis sp. (1), wire grass (2), Scirpus sp.
(20), pennywort (1), phragmites (3), morning glory (1), and water grass (2)
3.4 Conclusions
In May 2001, the White's Store Mitigation Site was planted with approximately
6,000 sawgrass plants. Only three-fourths of the site was planted due to the
sawgrass availability at that time. In May 2002, the entire site was replanted with
approximately 9,000 sawgrass plants. In April 2003, the entire site was tilled and
replanted with approximately 9,700 sawgrass plants. The 2004 monitoring has
shown a scale value of 4.6, which is on track for success. Several other marsh
species are present on the site.
During the on-site agency meeting (July 2004), it was agreed that NCDOT could
propose to discontinue vegetation monitoring during the 2004-monitoring year.
NCDOT proposes to discontinue vegetation monitoring at the White's Store
Mitigation Site.
4.0 OVERALL CONCLUSIONS/ RECOMMENDATIONS
An on-site meeting with agency personnel was held on July 28, 2004, to review
the site's current elevation. The agencies and NCDOT agreed that the on-site
elevations were similar to those at the reference site. It appears that the wind
driven tidal system is inundating the site occasionally. For the 2004-year, the two
surface gauges met the success criteria by exhibiting frequent flooding on the
site.
Soil samples were taken at the reference and mitigation sites on April 12, 2004
for soil condition comparison pertaining to previous lack of vegetation survival.
The sample results did not determine why the planted vegetation was not
surviving. The 2004 monitoring has shown a scale value of 4.6, which is on track
for success.
During the on-site agency meeting (July 2004), it was agreed that NCDOT could
propose to discontinue vegetation monitoring during the 2004-monitoring year.
Based on the successful monitoring results for the 2004 growing season,
NCDOT proposes to discontinue hydrologic and vegetation monitoring at White's
Store Mitigation Site.
10
APPENDIX A
GAUGE DATA GRAPHS
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APPENDIX A
GAUGE DATA GRAPHS
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170-ady-LO
b0-aeW-O£
170-JUIN-ZZ
170-JeW-17L
b0-ae W-90
b0-gej-9Z
170-g9=j-8 L
b0-g9=j-OL
170-g9=I-ZO
b0-Uer-SZ
b0-Uer-L L
vo-Uer-60
tio-uer-Lo
0
N
yam.
c
0
U
U
00
00
v
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N
I
c
APPENDIX B
SITE PHOTOS AND VEGETATION PLOT/
MONITORING GAUGE MAP

Photo 1
2004

White's Store

Photo 2

WHITE STORE MITIGATION SITE

Photo € nd Random Plot Toots