R-2120AB

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ANNUAL REPORT FOR 2002
Bethel Church Mitigation Site
Yadkin County
Project No. 6.779004T
TIP No. R-212OWM
Prepared By:
Office of Natural Environment & Roadside Environmental Unit
North Carolina Department of Transportation
December 2002
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
SUMMARY ...........................................................................................................1
1.0 INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................2
1.1 Project Description .................................................................................... 2
1.2 Purpose ................................................................................................... ..2
1.3 Project History ......................................................................................... ..3
2.0 HYDROLOGY ............................................................................................ ..5
2.1 Success Criteria ...................................................................................... .. 5
2.2 Hydrologic Description ............................................................................ ..5
2.3 Results of Hydrologic Monitoring ............................................................ ..8
2.3.1 Site Data ........................................................................................... ..8
2.3.2 Climatic Data ..................................................................................... ..9
2.4 Conclusions ............................................................................................ ..9
3.0 VEGETATION: ........................................................................................... 11
3.1 Success Criteria ...................................................................................... 11
3.2 Description of Species ............................................................................ 11
3.3 2002 Vegetation Results ......................................................................... 11
3.4 Conclusions ............................................................................................ 12
4.0 OVERALL CONCLUSIONS/ RECOMMENDATIONS ................................ 12

Figures
Figure 1. Site Location Map ..................................................................................4
Figure 2. Mitigation Plan .......................................................................................6
Figure 3. Mitigation Monitoring Plan & 2002 Results ............................................7
Figure 4. Bethel Church 30-70 Graph .................................................................10
Tables
Table 1. Bethel Church Hydrologic Monitoring Results .........................................8
Appendices
APPENDIX A - DEPTH TO GROUNDWATER GRAPHS ...................................13
APPENDIX B - SITE PHOTOS ...........................................................................14
SUMMARY
The following report summarizes the monitoring activities that have occurred in
the past year at the Bethel Church Mitigation Site. Site construction began in
December 2000 and was completed in February 2001. Monitoring activities in
2002 represent the second year of monitoring for the site. The site must
demonstrate both hydrologic and vegetation success for a minimum of five years.
The site contains six monitoring gauges (5 in the restoration areas, 1 in the
existing wetland area), one rain gauge and four vegetation plots.
The daily rainfall data depicted on the monitoring gauge graphs is recorded from
an on-site rain gauge. An off-site rain gauge recorded at Yadkinville, maintained
by the NC State Climate Office, contributed to the daily rainfall data and historical
rainfall data used for the 30-70 percentile. Hydrologic monitoring indicated that
four of the six gauges on site showed saturation for over 12.5% of the growing
season. One gauge (GW-5) showed saturation between 8 -12.5% of the
growing season and the remaining gauge (GW-2) showed saturation between
5% and 8% of the growing season.
In January 2002, the enhancement area was supplementary planted. Vegetation
success requires 320 trees/acre of the target species surviving at the end of the:.
first three years. The total density average is 438 trees per acre, which is well
above the success criteria of 320 trees per acre.
Based on the monitoring results from the 2002 growing season,. NCDOT
recommends that monitoring continue.
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Project Description
The Bethel Church Mitigation Site is located on US 421 east of Yadkinville
adjacent to an unnamed tributary of South Deep Creek in Yadkin County (Figure
1). This site mitigates for wetland impacts associated with the improvements to
US 421 New Location (R-2120AB).
The Bethel Church Mitigation Site is divided into two parcels (North and South),
totaling approximately 8.0 acres (ac) in size. The site consists of 3.03 ac of the
restoration of a bottomland hardwood wetland restoration, 0.8 ac of wetland
enhancement, 850 feet of stream restoration and 4.2 ac of upland buffer. Site
construction began in December 2000 and was completed in February 2001.
The site was initially planted in March of 2001. In January 2002, the
enhancement area was supplementary planted.
In addition to the original mitigation plan, the Department purchased Lots 1-20,
which are adjacent parcels of land to the west of Fox Drive between the
unnamed tributary and extend to the north up to the Control Access along US
421. These parcels are completely wooded, consisting of upland forest and
bottomland hardwood floodplain sections adjacent to the stream. By acquiring
these parcels, the fill material associated with Fox Drive was completely removed
to match the wetland mitigation site contours. The in-stream culvert was also
removed during construction.
1.2 Purpose
In order to demonstrate successful mitigation, hydrologic and vegetative
monitoring must be conducted for a minimum of five consecutive years. Success
criteria for hydrology and vegetation are based on the approved mitigation plan
dated August 1998. The following report details the results of hydrologic and
vegetative monitoring activities that were performed during the 2002-growing
season at the Bethel Church Mitigation Site.
Activities in 2002 reflect the second year of monitoring following the restoration
efforts. This document includes analyses of both hydrologic and vegetative
monitoring throughout the growing season.

1.3 Project History
August 1998
December 2000 -
February 2001
March 2001
March 2001
October 2001
July 2001
January 2002
August 2002
April-October 2002
Mitigation Plan
Site Construction
Site Planted
Monitoring Gauges Installed
Hydrologic Monitoring
Vegetation Monitoring (1 yr.)
Supplementally Planted Enhancement Area
Vegetation Monitoring (2 yr.)
Hydrologic Monitoring (2 yr.)
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Figure 1. Site Location Map
2.0 HYDROLOGY
2.1 Success Criteria
Per the mitigation plan dated August, 1998, Surface and groundwater hydrology
of the Bethel Church mitigation site will be monitored for five years following the
completion of all implementation activities, or until hydrologic success criteria are
met. Hydrologic success for this site is defined as the presence of the water
table within 12 inches of the soil surface for 5-12 % of the growing season during
a normal rainfall year.
The growing season in Yadkin County begins April 9 and ends October 28.
These dates correspond to a 50% probability that temperatures will drop to 28°F
or lower after April 9 and before October 28.1 The growing season is 202 days;
therefore, optimum hydrology requires 12.5% of this season, or at least 25
consecutive days. Local climate must also represent average/normal conditions
for the area.
2.2 Hydrologic Description
In March 2001, six monitoring gauges were installed across the site (Figure 2).
The automatic monitoring gauges record daily readings of groundwater depth.
This represents the second growing season that the monitoring gauges have
been in place since construction of the site.
The Bethel Church site was designed to restore the natural flooding regime of the
headwater stream. Hydrology for the site is naturally dominated by over-bank
flooding of the small unnamed tributary of South Deep Creek. The hydrologic
monitoring should show the reaction of the groundwater level to specific rainfall
events and the extent of ponding that may be attributed to over-bank flooding.
Figure 3 represents a graphical representation of the hydrologic results. Gauges
highlighted in blue indicate wetland hydrology for more than 12.5% of the
growing season. Gauges highlighted in green show hydrology between 8% and
12.5% of the season. Those gauges highlighted in red indicate wetland
hydrology between 5% and 8%.
1 Soil Conservation Service, Soil Survey of Yadkin County, North Carolina.

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2.3 Results of Hydrologic Monitoring
2.3.1 Site Data
The maximum number of consecutive days that the groundwater was within
twelve inches of the surface was determined for each gauge. This number was
converted into a percentage of the 202-day growing season. The results are
presented in Table 1.
Appendix A contains a plot of the groundwater depth for each monitoring gauge.
The maximum number of consecutive days is noted on each graph. An onsite
rain gauge was used to obtain rainfall data from the site. It has been compared
with rainfall data obtained from the State Climate Office Local Weather Station in
Yadkinville, which is approximately 2 miles from the mitigation site.
Table 1. Bethel Church Hydrologic Monitoring Results.
Monitoring Gauge < 5% 5%-8% 8%-12.5% > 12.5% Actuat Success Dates
GW-1 ' X 15.76 Sept. 27 - Oct. 28
GW-2
(Existing Wetland X
8.87
May 2 - May 19
GW-3 X 24.14 Apr. 9 - May 27
GW-4 X 100 Apr. 9 - Oct. 28
GW-5 X 9.85
May 2 - May 21
GW-6. X 23.65 Apr. 9 - May 26
*Gauge met the success criteria during an above average rainfall for the month
of October.
Specific Gauge Problems;
• GW-6 stopped recording data on 9/4/02. The gauge was replaced and
programmed to record data starting on 10/8/02.
Z3.2 Climatic Data
Figure 4 represents an examination of the local climate in comparison with
historical data in order to determine whether 2002 was "average" in terms of
precipitation. The two lines represent the 30th and 70th percentiles of monthly
historical precipitation at the Yadkinville Station. The bars represent the monthly
rainfall totals for 2002. February, April, May, and August experienced below
average rainfall. The months of January, March, June, and September all
recorded average rainfall for the site. Only July and October experienced above
average rainfall. No data is available for November or December.
2.4 Conclusions
The 2002 growing season represents the second monitoring assessment period
for the Bethel Church mitigation site since construction. It is concluded that with
overall rainfall for 2002 being below average, the site met success criteria and
exceeded the data from the gauges in existing wetland.
Hydrologic monitoring will continue for 2003 at the Bethel Church Mitigation Site.
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3.0 VEGETATION: BETHEL CHURCH MITIGATION SITE
(YEAR 2)
3.1 Success Criteria
Success criteria are defined as 320 trees/acre of the target species surviving at
the end of three years, and 260 trees/acre of the target species surviving at the
end of five years.
3.2 Description of Species
The following species were planted in the Wetland Restoration Area:
Carya cordiformis, Bitternut Hickory
Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Green Ash
Platanus occidentalis, Sycamore
Quercus nigra, Water Oak
Quercus palustris, Pin Oak
Quercus phellos, Willow Oak
Quercus rubra, Northern Red Oak
3.3 Results of Vegetation Monitoring
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1 5 10 7 5 3 30 36 567
2 13 3 2 1 7 26 40 442
3 13 1 10 24 51 320
4 15 1 2 10 28 45 423
AVERAGE DENSITY 438
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Site Notes: Other species noted: foxtail, ragweed, red maple, Juncus sp.,
Sagittaria sp., smartweed, Carex sp., cattail, woolgrass, pokeweed, silky
dogwood, black willow, multi-flora rose, poison ivy, volunteer green ash,
lespedeza, goldenrod, river birch, and alder. Plot 2 had heavy growth
competition, which made it difficult to find trees. Northern Red Oak was noted
growing in higher elevations of the site.
3.4 Conclusions
NCDOT mowed the site around plots 1 and 2. Red maples in the enhancement
area (area around plot 2) were cut and treated with oust in December 2001.
Trees were supplementally planted in the area around plots 1 and 2 in January
2002. The total density average is 438 trees per acre, which is well above the
success criteria of 320 trees per acre.
The stream channel was visually monitored during the annual vegetation
monitoring of the site. The streambank was mostly vegetated with herbaceous
vegetation and stable throughout the length of the channel. Photos 9 through 16
show the conditions of the stream. No remedial actions are necessary. NCDOT
will continue vegetation monitoring at the Bethel Church Mitigation Site.
4.0 OVERALL CONCLUSIONS/ RECOMMENDATIONS
The Bethel Church Mitigation Site has met the success criteria prescribed in the
mitigation plan for the site, even though rainfall for the entire growing season was
below normal. All gauges on-site met or exceeded the gauge installed in the
existing wetland.
The site currently meets vegetative and hydrologic success criteria. NCDOT
proposes to continue all monitoring for 2003.
12
APPENDIX A
DEPTH TO GROUNDWATER GRAPH
13
Photo 1
Photo 3
Photo 5
Photo 2
Photo 4
Photo 6
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Photo 8
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Photo 11 (Stream)
Photo 12 (Stream)
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Photo 16 (Stream)
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STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
MICHAEL F. EASLEY 1501 MAIL SERVICE CENTER, RALEIGH, N.C. 27699-1501
GOVERNOR
June 11, 2001
Mr. Mr. Eric Alsmeyer
US Army Corps of Engineers
Raleigh Field Office
6508 Falls of the Neuse Road
Suite 120
Raleigh, North Carolina 27615
Dear Mr. Alsmeyer.
LYNDO TIPPETT
SECRETARY

Subject: As-Built Package for Bethel Church Mitigation Site, Yadkin County,
TIP Project Number R-2120AB
Please find enclosed the As-Built Package for the above mentioned on-site
mitigation in Yadkin County. The package includes as-built elevations and plan
sheets per construction of the site.
This package represents the final plan sheets with all the modification that were
encountered during the construction of the project. Also included is ,a monitoring
plan showing the location of all the groundwater monitoring gauges, as well as
the vegetation monitoring plots. Construction began on this mitigation site in
December, 2000 and was completed around March, 2001. Since completion of
construction the groundwater gauges and vegetation plots have been
established.
If you should',have any questions, please contact Mr. Randy Griffin, Natural
Systems Engineer, at [phone].
Sincerely,
WA-
V. Charles Bruton, Ph.D.,
Assistant Branch Manager
Project Development and Environmental
Analysis Branch
PHONE [phone] FAX [phone]
Cc: w/ attachment
file
VCynthia Van Der Wiele, NCDWQ
W/0 attachment
Ron Linville, WRC
Marella Buncick, USFWS
David Poindexter, PE, NCDOT-Resident Engineer
Hal Bain, NCDOT-PD&EA-Natural Systems
Byron Moore, PE, NCDOT-REU
Andrew Nottingham, PE, NCDOT-Hydraulics
Sue Flowers, PE, NCDOT Roadway-Design
Bill Moore, NCDOT-Geotechical

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e