20091236 Ver 1_Year 5 Monitoring Report Final_20200414

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Mac Haupt
Initial Review Completed Date 04/15/2020
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Corey Novak
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County: Brunswick
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Mitigation Monitoring Report
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LOWER CAPE FEAR UMBRELLA MITIGATION BANK
WHITE SPRINGS TRACT
BRUNSWICK COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA

YEAR 5 ANNUAL MONITORING REPORT

Prepared For:
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Wilmington District
and
Inter-Agency Review Team (IRT)

Prepared by:
Land Management Group
Wilmington, NC
www.lmgroup.net

March 2020

Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank – White Springs Tract
Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report (March 2020)
i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................. 1

2.0. PROJECT OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................................... 2
A. Introduction................................................................................................................................ 2
B. Mitigation Goals and Objectives .............................................................................................. 2
C. Project Implementation ............................................................................................................. 2
3.0. MONITORING REQUIREMENTS ..................................................................................................... 4
A. Wetland Restoration .................................................................................................................. 4
B. Stream Restoration ................................................................................................................... 5

4.0 MONITORING RESULTS ................................................................................................................. 7
A. Vegetation Monitoring ............................................................................................................... 7
B. Hydrologic Monitoring (Wetlands) ........................................................................................... 8
1. Summary of Precipitation ................................................................................................... 8
2. Pocosin ............................................................................................................................. 9
3. Wet Pine Savanna ............................................................................................................ 10
4. Small Stream Swamp ....................................................................................................... 10
C. Stream Monitoring ................................................................................................................... 14
1. Photo-Documentation ....................................................................................................... 14
2. Ecological Function .......................................................................................................... 14
3. Channel Stability/Survey Procedures ............................................................................... 14
(a.) Cross-Sections (First Order Channel) ....................................................................... 14
(b.) Longitudinal Profile (First Order Channel)................................................................. 15
(c.) Stream Flow Monitoring (First Order Channel) ......................................................... 15
D. Contingency Measures ........................................................................................................... 16

5.0 CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................................ 17

LIST OF FIGURES, TABLES, AND APPENDICES

Figure 1 ................................................................................................................. White Springs Vicinity Map
Figure 2 ..................................................... Aerial Photograph with Site Boundary Overlay (Pre-Construction)
Figure 3A ............................................................................................... Aerial Photograph with Well Overlay
Figure 3B ........................................................................ Aerial Photograph with Stream Monitoring Overlay
Figure 4 ................................................................................................................. Wetland Community Types
Table 1. ................................................................................ Vegetation Plots and Wells by Community Type
Table 2. ..................................................................................................................... Vegetation Data by Plot
Table 3 ................................................................ Summary of Year 5 Hydrologic Monitoring Data (Pocosin)
Table 4 ....................................... Summary of Year 5 Hydrologic Monitoring Data (Non-Riparian Reference)

Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank – White Springs Tract
Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report (March 2020)
ii

Table 5 ................................................ Summary of Year 5 Hydrologic Monitoring Data (Wet Pine Savanna)
Table 6 .......................................... Summary of Year 5 Hydrologic Monitoring Data (Small Stream Swamp)
Table 7 ........................................................................ Summary of Year 5 Bankfull Event Monitoring (2019)

Appendix A. ......................................................................................................................... Site Photographs
Appendix B ............................................................................................... Vegetative Monitoring Data (2019)
Appendix C ....................................................................................... Palmer Hydrologic Drought Index Maps
Appendix D ............................................................................................ North Carolina Drought Status Maps
Appendix E ....................................................................................................................... Hydrographs (2019)
Appendix F ........................................................................................................... Stream Morphological Data
Appendix G ............................................................................................... OHWM Indicators in Stream Valley

Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank – White Springs Tract
Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report (March 2020) 1
1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
LCFUMB LLC (Bank Sponsor), has completed Year 5 annual monitoring of the White Springs Tract of
the Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank. The White Springs Tract encompasses 72 acres,
including 64.4 acres of non-riparian (i.e. pocosin and wet pine savanna) wetland restoration and 1.8
acres of riparian wetland restoration (small stream swamp). In addition, 1,312 lf of first-order stream
channel has been restored near the down-gradient section of the site. A total of 72 acres have been
placed into a perpetual conservation easement for the long-term protection of the site.

Restoration activities included Priority II restoration of the first order single-thread stream channel.
Upstream of the first-order stream restoration, the existing, incised channel was widened, and its bed
elevation was raised. Lateral ditches that flowed into the channel (including both the first-order stream
and the ditch upstream) were backfilled with spoil from the channel work and plugged with clay
material. The restored riparian wetland valley associated with the restored first-order stream was
planted with characteristic wetland trees. All restoration work (including earthwork and plantings) was
completed in April 2015. (Refer to the As-Built Report submitted June 2015 for more detailed
information regarding the implementation of the White Springs Tract).

Per the approved restoration plan, monitoring of the site includes the assessment of hydrologic
conditions over the course of a five-year monitoring period. Monitoring of vegetative conditions occurs
over the course of a seven-year monitoring period. Following the completion of the earthwork, a total
of three (3) 0.05-acre plots were established in the riparian wetland planted area. A total of thirteen
(13) shallow groundwater monitoring wells were installed throughout the site (including 2 gauges within
the first-order stream channel).

Hydrologic monitoring was conducted throughout the year (January 1 through December 31, 2019).
The annual vegetation monitoring was conducted in October 2019. Based upon the data collected,
planted areas exhibit a high rate of survivorship of characteristic wetland tree seedlings. The
hydrologic response to restoration efforts is also evident via groundwater and surface water data
collected.

Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank – White Springs Tract
Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report (March 2020) 2
2.0 PROJECT OVERVIEW
A. Introduction
Construction of the White Springs Tract (72-acre project area) portion of the Lower Cape Fear
Umbrella Mitigation Bank was initiated in February 2015. The tract is located east of NC Hwy 133
(River Road SE) and immediately north of the Military Ocean Terminal at Sunny Point (MOTSU)
Access Road approximately 4 miles north of Southport, NC (Figure 1). The site boundary is depicted
in Figure 2.1 The project includes approximately 64.4 acres of non-riparian (i.e. pocosin and wet pine
savanna) wetland restoration, 1.8 acres of riparian (small stream swamp) wetland restoration, and
1,312 linear feet of first-order stream restoration. Restoration activities included earthwork (back-filling
lateral ditches, installing reinforced clay plugs, and the Priority II restoration of the first order single-
thread stream channel); raising and widening the incised channel above the first-order stream; planting
of characteristic riparian wetland vegetation; and the installation of monitoring devices. The White
Springs portion of the Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank is intended to provide suitable, high-
quality wetland mitigation for authorized impacts within the Lower Cape Fear River Basin (Cataloging
Unit 03030005).

B. Mitigation Goals and Objectives
The objective of the White Springs restoration project is to provide for the functional restoration and
ecological up-lift of wetland and stream habitat via the re-establishment of characteristic hydrologic
conditions and vegetative assemblages. It is anticipated that several key wetland functions and values
will be restored including floodwater retention/abatement, sediment retention, nutrient transformation,
and increased habitat connectivity. The project offers the unique opportunity to restore a wetland
complex that includes a first-order single thread stream, riparian small-stream swamp, non-riparian
pocosin, and non-riparian pine savanna.

C. Project Implementation
Restoration activities were initiated in February 2015. Restoration work included Priority II restoration
of the first order single-thread stream channel. Upstream of the first-order stream restoration, the

1 Note that a conservation easement for the property was recorded and conveyed to the Land Trust for
America. The recorded conservation easement plat was submitted with the Mitigation Banking Instrument.

Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank – White Springs Tract
Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report (March 2020) 3
existing, incised channel was widened, and its bed elevation was raised. Grading work (including the
removal of spoil piles) along this segment of the reach has resulted in the establishment of a low flow
valley contiguous with the restored first order reach.

Lateral ditches that flowed into the channel (including both the first-order stream and the ditch
upstream) were backfilled with spoil from the channel work and plugged with clay material. Backfilling
of ditches and the primary outlet canal in conjunction with the restoration of the stream channel is
intended to restore characteristic wetland hydroperiods on the site.

Planting of the restored riparian wetland valley associated with the restored first-order stream was
conducted by Land Management Group (LMG) in April 2014. Plant material was provided by South
Carolina SuperTree Nursery (Blenheim, SC). Bald cypress (Taxodium distichum) were planted in the
valley bottom while Atlantic white cedar (Chamaecyparis thyoides) were planted on the valley slopes.
A total of 3,000 seedlings were planted across the 1.8-acre riparian wetland restoration area.

As part of the implementation of the restoration plan, LMG installed a total of eleven (11) automated
shallow groundwater monitoring wells (RDS, Inc. WM-40s) within the 66.2-ac restoration area (Figure
3A). The number of monitoring wells installed was proportional to the area of each community type.
Per the restoration plan, seven (7) wells were installed in pocosin, two (2) wells were installed in pine
savanna, and two (2) wells were installed in riparian wetlands. These wells were installed on March 26
and April 14 (2015). Note that Well #10 was recently determined to be in uplands, leaving six (6) wells
remaining in pocosin. In addition, a total of three (3) automated wells have been installed within the
identified non-riparian reference wetland area immediately east of the mitigation site (Figure 3A). Data
from the reference wells are used for comparative analyses to evaluate the hydrology of the wetland
restoration areas. In addition to the groundwater monitoring wells, two (2) stream gauges were
installed in the restored first-order stream channel (Figure 3B). These gauges document bankfull
events. The stream gauges were installed on March 26, 2015 (SG2) and April 14, 2015 (SG1). Three
(3) permanent 0.05-ac vegetation plots were randomly established within the 1.8-ac riparian wetland
restoration area. The four (4) corners of each plot are marked with rebar and flagged PVC. GPS
coordinates are provided in Figure 3B. The number of wells and vegetation plots by community type
are provided in Table 1.
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank – White Springs Tract
Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report (March 2020) 4

Table 1. Vegetation Plots and Wells by Community Type

3.0 MONITORING REQUIREMENTS
A. Wetland Restoration
Annual monitoring includes both a vegetative and hydrologic component per the approved restoration
plan. Vegetation monitoring is being conducted near the end of each growing season for a period of
seven years. The vegetative component includes an assessment of the conditions within each of the
three 0.05-ac permanent monitoring plots that have been established in the riparian wetland restoration
area. Hydrologic monitoring has been conducted throughout the calendar year for a period of five
years. Hydrologic monitoring consists of recording groundwater levels via the ten (10) wells installed
throughout the wetland restoration areas.

The following are the specific success criteria for both the vegetation and hydrologic monitoring of the
wetland restoration areas.

(1) Demonstrated density of planted species to meet or exceed 210 trees per acre at the end of 7
years (post-planting).

(2) No single volunteer species (most notably, red maple, loblolly pine, and sweet gum) will
comprise more than 50% of the total composition at year 2 or 3. If this occurs, remedial
Community Type Area/Length (ac/ft) Vegetation Plots Monitoring Wells
Wet Pine Savanna 6.7 0 2
Pocosin 57.7 0 6
Riparian Wetland 1.8 3 2
First-Order Stream 1,312 (lf) 0 2 (gauges)
Non-restorable Areas 5.8 0 1
TOTAL 72 3 13
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank – White Springs Tract
Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report (March 2020) 5
procedures will be implemented. During years 4 & 5, no single volunteer species, comprising
over 50% of the total composition, may be more than half the height of the planted trees. If
this occurs, remedial procedures will be implemented.

(3) The hydrologic criterion is premised on the specific community type to be restored.
(a) For the riparian small stream swamp community, the hydrologic criterion will be the
establishment of a static water table at, or within, 12” of the soil surface for 12% of the
growing season (equivalent to 36 days based upon a growing season between February
1st and November 30th)2 during periods of normal precipitation conditions.

(b) For the non-riparian pocosin community, the hydrologic criterion will be the
establishment of a static water table at, or within, 12” of the soil surface for 10% of the
growing season (equivalent to 30 days based upon a growing season between February
1st and November 30th)2 during periods of normal precipitation conditions.

(c) For the non-riparian pine savanna community, the hydrologic criterion will be the
establishment of a static water table at, or within, 12” of the soil surface for 7% of the
growing season (equivalent to 21 days based upon a growing season between February
1st and November 30th)2 during periods of normal precipitation conditions.

B. Stream Restoration
The primary success criteria for the First Order Stream are:

Documentation of 2 bankfull events using techniques discussed below within a normal rainfall year
in 3 of the 5 years of monitoring. Additional monitoring may be necessary in the event of abnormal
climatic conditions.

Level 1 Monitoring has been employed as detailed in the Stream Mitigation Guidelines, April 2003.
Monitoring has occurred every year for the five-year monitoring period. Monitoring reports have
been prepared each monitoring year and include a discussion of any deviations and whether they
are indicative of a stabilizing or destabilizing situation.

Level 1 Monitoring includes the following:

2 Growing season based upon direction of IRT.
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank – White Springs Tract
Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report (March 2020) 6
(1) Photo-Documentation
Extensive photo documentation is included in the stream monitoring phase of this project. Photos
are taken at all permanent cross-sections on a bi-annual basis (winter and summer) in addition to
any problem areas that may develop after construction is completed. Photos are georeferenced to
the corresponding cross-section and/or problem area as part of the submitted report. Photo
documentation is also used to document the health of the riparian area plantings and the
effectiveness of any erosion control measures.

(2) Ecological Function
The health of the riparian vegetation will be documented as part of the wetland restoration
monitoring efforts. Three 0.05-acre permanent monitoring plots have been established throughout
the riparian wetland restoration including areas directly adjacent to the restored channel. The
success criteria for wetland restoration are provided in Section 3A above.

(3) Channel Stability/Survey Procedures
a. Cross-Sections (First Order Channel)
The White Springs Tract includes the restoration of 1,312 lf of first order Coastal Plain stream. The
restoration mimics low gradient, low velocity stream reaches characteristic of the outer Coastal
Plain. No hardened materials (i.e. rock structures) were used. Rather, natural materials (such as
root wads and log vanes) will assist with channel stabilization and grade control. Given the size,
uniform design, and gentle slope (0.43%) of the project, four permanent cross-sections have been
established on approximate 330-ft intervals of stream length. Placement of these stations has
been designed to assess the performance of potential problem areas (e.g. severe erosion,
structural failure, etc.). These stations are also distributed between riffles and pools (two in riffles
and two in pools) throughout the project. Refer to Figure 3B depicting the approximate location of
the cross-sections.

b. Longitudinal Profiles (First Order Channel)
Given the length of the restored channel (1,312 lf), a longitudinal profile of the entire restored reach
has been performed each year during the monitoring period. Data presented in the annual
monitoring reports is shown in comparison to as-built conditions.
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank – White Springs Tract
Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report (March 2020) 7

c. Stream Flow Monitoring (First Order Channel)
Documentation of stream flow within the project has also been conducted. Following stream
construction activities, two (2) stream gauges were installed (Figure 3B). These gauges measure
the elevation of water in the channel on an hourly basis and are used to determine the cross-
sectional area of the channel under a variety of flow conditions.

4.0 MONITORING RESULTS (YEAR 5)
A. Vegetation Monitoring
A total of 103 planted stems were enumerated throughout the three 0.05-ac plots. For planted species,
the total number of stems identified corresponds to an average density of 680 stems per acre (34
stems per 0.05-ac plot) within the riparian wetland restoration area (Table 2). All the plots exceeded
the Year 7 minimum of 11 stems. As indicated above, bald cypress were planted in the valley bottom
while Atlantic white cedar were planted on the valley slopes. Therefore, bald cypress is the only
planted species in the vegetation monitoring plots.

Several woody volunteers, including fetterbush (Lyonia lucida), swamp titi (Cyrilla racemiflora), and
redbay (Persea borbonia) were identified throughout the riparian wetland corridor. The presence of
these desirable volunteer species has contributed increased diversity and is indicative of the targeted
wetland community type. No single volunteer species comprised more than 50% of the total
composition in any of the monitoring plots. Visual observations of the planted stream valley have
revealed an apparent increase in the volume of pine and sweetgum volunteers (mostly pine) in the
upper portion of the valley. Suppression of these undesirable volunteers was initiated in August 2019
and will be continued during the early growing season of 2020. Refer to Appendix A for photographs of
current site conditions and documentation of pine suppression efforts. A comprehensive plot data
table is provided in Appendix B.

Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank – White Springs Tract
Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report (March 2020) 8
Table 2. Vegetation Data by Plot1

Species Common Name
Planted (P)
or
Volunteer
(V)
Plot 1 Plot 2 Plot 3 Year 5 Year 0 Year 5 Year 0 Year 5 Year 0 Taxodium distichum bald cypress P 44 44 31 34 28 30
TOTAL 44 44 31 34 28 30
1 Plots are 0.05-acre in size (20m X 10m).

B. Hydrologic Monitoring (Wetlands)
As indicated above, a total of thirteen (13) hydrologic monitoring wells/gauges were installed
throughout the site. Of these thirteen (13) wells/gauges, ten (10) wells are located within the restored
wetland areas. The number of wells installed within each restoration community type (pocosin, wet
pine savanna, and riparian small stream swamp) is proportional to the acreage of each community
type.

1. Summary of Precipitation
Regional drought indices, including the Palmer Drought Index and the North Carolina Division of Water
Resources (DWR) Drought Status Maps, were examined to interpret precipitation patterns and
predicted subsurface water storage conditions relative to long-term climatic data. In particular, the
Palmer Hydrological Drought Index maps depict hydrological (long-term cumulative) drought and wet
conditions, which more accurately reflect groundwater conditions. Based upon the 2019 index maps,
the Brunswick County area of North Carolina exhibited extremely moist conditions in January.
Groundwater conditions were considered to be very moist on a monthly basis in February through
April. The area was considered to be mid-range in May and June. Groundwater conditions were
considered to be in a moderate drought in July through October. The area exhibited mid-range
hydrologic conditions in November and December. The Palmer Hydrologic Drought Index maps for
2019 are included in Appendix C.

The NC Drought Status Monitoring Program compares existing data to long-term (1965-2013) climatic
conditions for well data, stream baseflow data, and combined well and baseflow data. Contoured
percentile data (30th/70th percentiles) are graphically displayed on monthly drought images. Based
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank – White Springs Tract
Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report (March 2020) 9
upon these maps, subsurface storage (i.e. groundwater) conditions were considered above normal in
January and December. Groundwater conditions were considered normal during February, March,
and August through November. Subsurface storage conditions were considered abnormally dry in
April, June, and July. The area was considered to be in a moderate drought during May. The NC
DWR Drought Status Maps for 2019 are included in Appendix D.

The nearest rain gauge (Sunny Point - NSUN) documented variable rainfall conditions throughout the
year. Local rainfall data are included in the hydrographs in Appendix E. Rainfall conditions were
generally normal in mid-February through mid-March, mid-June through mid-July, mid-August through
the end of the year. Rainfall conditions were generally below normal (<30th percentile) in late March
through early June and late July through early August. Precipitation was generally above normal
(>70th percentile) in January through early February. Total rainfall for the year was 44.92 inches.
According to the WETS long-term climatic data, mean annual rainfall for Southport, NC is 60.71 inches
(with a 30% chance of having less than 55.73 inches of annual precipitation and a 30% chance of
having more than 65.88 inches of annual precipitation). As a result, total annual precipitation for the
2019 calendar year is considered below normal based upon the data from the Sunny Point (NC)
CRONOS station.

2. Pocosin
Within the areas targeted for pocosin restoration, four (4) of the six (6) wells exhibited hydroperiods of
greater than 10% of the growing season (the hydrologic success criterion for pocosin).3 Well #2
narrowly missed meeting the success criterion by 2 days. This well would likely have far exceeded the
success criterion with a hydroperiod of 90 days if not for a brief period of below normal precipitation in
mid-October. Well #2 exhibited a water table within 12 inches of the soil surface for 142 days
throughout the calendar year. Well #3 exhibited a water table within 12 inches of the soil surface for
124 days throughout the calendar year. Both wells met the success criterion every year during the first
four years of monitoring and met the minimum wetland threshold during 2019 (a below normal rainfall
year). These four years included a variety of precipitation conditions ranging from below normal to
above normal. Therefore, these wells appear to meet the success criterion during normal precipitation

3 Note that Well #10 has been determined to be in an upland and is no longer included within the
hydrologic analysis for performance monitoring.
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank – White Springs Tract
Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report (March 2020) 10
conditions. As stated above, total precipitation for the 2019 calendar year was considered below
normal. The observed mean length of the hydroperiod during the growing season (February 1 through
November 30) for the six (6) pocosin wells was 48 days (equivalent to 15.8% of the growing season).
The observed hydroperiods for these wells ranged between 5.3% of the growing season (Well #3) and
29.4% of the growing season (Well #6). Hydroperiods of the pocosin restoration wells generally
resemble the non-riparian reference wells. Refer to Table 3 for a summary of the hydrologic data for
the pocosin restoration wells. Refer to Table 4 for a summary of the hydrologic data for the non-
riparian reference wells. Hydrographs are provided in Appendix E.

3. Wet Pine Savanna
One of the two wells in the wet pine savanna restoration areas (Well #7) exhibited a hydroperiod
greater than 7% of the growing season (the hydrologic success criterion for wet pine savanna). Well #
11 did not meet the success criterion during the fifth monitoring year (2019). However, as stated
above, total precipitation for the 2019 calendar year was considered below normal. Well #11 met the
success criterion during three (3) out of the five (5) monitoring years. The only years that the success
criterion was not met (Year 3, 2017 and Year 5, 2019) were both considered to be drier than normal
years, based on total annual precipitation. Refer to Table 5 for a summary of the hydrologic data for
the wet pine savanna restoration wells. Hydrographs are provided in Appendix E.

4. Small Stream Swamp
Both wells in the small stream swamp restoration area exhibited hydroperiods greater than 12% of the
growing season (the hydrologic success criterion for small stream swamp). The observed mean length
of the hydroperiod during the growing season (February 1 through November 30) for these wells was
109 days (equivalent to 36.0% of the growing season). The observed hydroperiods for these wells
ranged between 108 days (Well #8) and 110 days (Well #9). Refer to Table 6 for a summary of the
hydrologic data for the small stream swamp restoration wells. Hydrographs are provided in Appendix
E.

Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank – White Springs Tract
Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report (March 2020) 11
Table 3. Summary of Year 5 Hydrologic Monitoring (Pocosin)

2019 Growing Season February 1 - November 30
Well Number
Total Number of
days within 12"
(Jan 1 – Dec 31)
Longest Number of
Consecutive Days Meeting Wetland
Hydrology Criteria
Dates of Longest Number of Consecutive Days Meeting
Wetland Hydrology Criteria
Percentage of
Growing Season
(Feb 1 –
Nov 30)
10% Success Criteria (30
Days)
>6 - 12.5%
12.5 -
25%
25 - 75% >75%
1 237 55 Feb 1 – Mar 27 18.2 Yes -- X -- --
2 142 28 Sept 5 – Oct 2 9.2 No X -- -- --
3 124 16 (3 times)
Feb 1 – Feb 16
Sept 5 – Sept 20
Nov 15 – Nov 30
5.3 No -- -- -- --
4 204 54 Feb 1 – Mar 26 17.8 Yes -- X -- --
5 183 47 Feb 1 – Mar 19 15.5 Yes -- X -- --
6 244 89 Feb 1 – Apr 30 29.4 Yes -- -- X --

Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank – White Springs Tract
Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report (March 2020) 12
Table 4. Summary of Year 5 Hydrologic Monitoring (Non-Riparian Reference Wells)

2019 Growing Season February 1 - November 30
Well Number
Total Number of days within 12"
(Jan 1 – Dec 31)
Longest Number of Consecutive Days
Meeting Wetland
Hydrology Criteria
Dates of Longest Number of Consecutive Days Meeting Wetland
Hydrology Criteria
Percentage
of Growing Season
(Feb 1 –
Nov 30)
7% Success
Criteria (21
Days)
>6 -
12.5%
12.5 -
25%
25 -
75% >75%
Ref 1 148 40 Feb 1 – Mar 12 13.2 Yes -- X -- --
Ref 2 149 25 Feb 1 – Feb 25 8.3 Yes X -- -- --
Ref 3 197 29 Feb 1 – Mar 1 9.6 Yes X -- -- --

Table 5. Summary of Year 5 Hydrologic Monitoring (Wet Pine Savanna)

2019 Growing Season February 1 - November 30
Well Number
Total Number of
days within 12"
(Jan 1 – Dec 31)
Longest Number of
Consecutive Days
Meeting Wetland
Hydrology Criteria
Dates of Longest Number of
Consecutive Days Meeting
Wetland Hydrology Criteria
Percentage of Growing
Season (Feb 1 – Nov 30)
7% Success
Criteria (21
Days)
>6 -
12.5%
12.5
-
25%
25 -
75% >75%
7 260 92 Feb 1 – May 3 30.4 Yes -- -- X --
11 40 6 Sept 6 – Sept 11 2.0 No -- -- -- --
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank – White Springs Tract
Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report (March 2020) 13
Table 6. Summary of Year 5 Hydrologic Monitoring (Small Stream Swamp)

2019 Growing Season February 1 - November 30
Well Number
Total Number of
days within 12"
(Jan 1 – Dec 31)
Longest Number of Consecutive Days
Meeting Wetland
Hydrology Criteria
Dates of Longest Number of
Consecutive Days Meeting
Wetland Hydrology Criteria
Percentage of Growing
Season
(Feb 1 –
Nov 30)
12% Success
Criteria (36
Days)
>6 -
12.5%
12.5
-
25%
25 -
75% >75%
8 306 108 Feb 1 – May 19 35.6 Yes -- -- X --
9 313 110 Feb 1 – May 21 36.3 Yes -- -- X --

Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank – White Springs Tract
Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report (March 2020) 14
C. Stream Monitoring
1. Photo-Documentation
As with prior years, stream monitoring during Year 5 included photo-documentation of the condition of the
channel and adjacent riparian areas. Site visits were conducted and photographs were taken at all permanent
cross-sections and potential problem areas on several occasions during Year 5 monitoring. Photos were geo-
referenced to the corresponding cross-section and potential problem area. Photo documentation was also
used to document the health of the riparian area plantings and the effectiveness of erosion control measures.
Refer to Appendix A for photographs of site conditions throughout Year 5 monitoring.

2. Ecological Function
The health of the riparian vegetation was documented as part of the wetland restoration monitoring efforts.
Three (3) 0.05-ac. permanent monitoring plots were established throughout the riparian wetland restoration
area including areas directly adjacent to the restored channel. Reference the vegetation monitoring section for
monitoring results.

3. Channel Stability/Survey Procedures
(a.) Cross-Sections (First Order Channel)
The Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank has restored 1,312 lf of Coastal Plain stream on the White
Springs Tract. The restoration has mimicked low gradient, low velocity stream reaches characteristic of the
outer Coastal Plain. No hardened materials (i.e. rock structures) were used. Rather, natural materials (such as
root wads and log vanes) have assisted with channel stabilization and grade control. Given the size, uniform
design, and gentle slope (0.43%) of the project, cross-sections were established on approximate 330-ft
intervals of stream length (totaling 4 permanent stations). Placement of these stations was designed to assess
the performance of potential problem areas (i.e. severe erosion, structural failure). These stations were also
evenly distributed between riffles and pools throughout the project. Refer to Figure 3B for the locations of the
cross-section monitoring stations. Year 5 and baseline cross-section surveys are provided in Appendix F. A
dimensional morphology summary table comparing Year 5 data to as-built (baseline) data is also provided in
Appendix F. Reference the As-Built Report for more detailed information regarding baseline conditions.

Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank – White Springs Tract
Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report (March 2020) 15
(b.) Longitudinal Profile (First Order Channel)
Given the length of the restored channel (1,312 lf), a longitudinal profile of the entire restored reach was
performed. The Year 5 and baseline longitudinal surveys are provided in Appendix F. A stream survey data
summary table comparing Year 5 data to as-built (baseline) data is also provided in Appendix F. Reference the
As-Built Report for more detailed information regarding baseline conditions.

(c.) Stream Flow Monitoring (First Order Channel)
As indicated above, a total of two (2) gauges were installed within the stream channel to document bankfull
events on an hourly basis. These gauges capture the upper and middle sections of the stream. Gauge SG1
was placed furthest up-gradient (third stream meander from source) in order to capture bankfull events at the
head of the restored stream reach. Gauge SG2 is located approximately 600 feet further downstream. Refer to
Figure 3A for a map depicting the locations of these gauges.

Surface water and flow were documented in each of the two (2) gauges over several periods during the
monitoring year. The valley exhibits a gentle slope (0.43%) from the upper end to the lowest end. The
amplitude of the surface water varied at each gauge. Both gauges exhibited a bankfull event four (4) times
during the monitoring period. Both gauges exhibited a bankfull event simultaneously on January 24, August 18,
August 20, and September 5-7. The duration of each bankfull event ranged from a few hours to three (3)
consecutive days. The three-day antecedent rainfall recorded prior to bankfull events ranged from 0.25 inches
to 6.04 inches. Refer to Table 7 for a summary of bankfull events during Year 5 monitoring. Hydrographs are
included in Appendix E. Hourly hydrographs are included for several of the dates where both stream gauges
recorded overbank flooding.

General site photographs which include evidence of flow are provided in Appendix A. Ordinary High Water
Mark (OHWM) indicators within the stream channel and floodplain were also observed during multiple site
visits. Observed physical indicators of an OHWM consisted of the following: (1) natural line impressed on the
bank; (2) changes in the character of soil; (3) vegetation matted down, bent, or absent; (4) sediment sorting; (5)
scour; (6) deposition; (7) multiple observed flow events; (8) bed and banks; (9) water staining; and (10) change
in plant community. OHWM photos are provided in Appendix G.

Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank – White Springs Tract
Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report (March 2020) 16
Table 7. Summary of Year 4 Bankfull Event Monitoring (2019)
Gauge Number Total Number of
Bankfull Events
Longest Number of Consecutive
Days During Bankfull Event
Dates of Bankfull Event(s)
3-Day Antecedent Rainfall (Inches) (Sunny Point – NSUN /
Brunswick County Airport – KSUT)
SG1 4 3
Jan 24 – 25
1.87 (through 1/24)
Aug 17 - 18 6.04 (through 8/18)
Aug 20 0.25 (through 8/20)
Sept 5 – 7 4.58 (through 9/6)
SG2 4 3
Jan 24 1.87 (through 1/24)
Aug 18 6.04 (through 8/18)
Aug 20 0.25 (through 8/20)
Sept 5 – 7
4.58 (through 9/6)

D. Contingency Measures
Stream banks and in-stream structures (i.e. root wads, log vanes, etc.) were monitored for evidence of surface
bank erosion (i.e. down-cutting) several times throughout the monitoring year. Discrete areas of bank erosion
were observed upstream of the log vanes in the vicinity of Vegetation Plot 2. These same areas were reviewed
with the IRT during the 2019 IRT site visit. At the time of the IRT site visit, potential remedial actions were
discussed. LMG staff conducted several site inspections throughout the 2019 monitoring period and into early
2020. Based upon these site inspections, it was determined that the areas of erosion had reached an
equilibrium in which no further bank erosion was occurring. It was evident through several site inspections that
the stream bank along this reach had become stable. That being said, it was determined that the most
appropriate form of remediation included limited reinforcement with a small quantity of rip-rap overlain with 57
stone and native root mat (transplanted from areas on-site but outside of the areas yielding mitigation credit).
This remedial work was recently completed (March 20-21). The bank repairs did not include any further
disturbance to the channel banks due to the documented bank stability. It is likely that the erosion was caused
by a singular event (i.e. Hurricane Dorian in September 2019). Photographs of the completed remedial action
are included in Appendix A.

Note that as a result of higher velocity flow in this relatively steeper portion of the stream, some minor
aggradation has been documented in the pool at the cross-section located furthest downstream (XS4). Based
on comparisons of cross-section survey data between baseline and Year 5 monitoring, this aggradation
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank – White Springs Tract
Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report (March 2020) 17
appears to be relatively minor and does not appear to have any significant adverse effects on stream
geomorphology or function.

As noted in the vegetation monitoring results section of this report, visual observations of the planted stream
valley have revealed an apparent increase in the volume of pine and sweetgum volunteers (mostly pine) in the
upper portion of the valley. Suppression of these undesirable volunteers was initiated in August 2019 and will
be continued during the early growing season of 2020. Refer to Appendix A for photographic documentation of
pine suppression efforts conducted in August 2019.

5.0 CONCLUSION
Hydrologic data confirm the re-establishment of hydrology characteristic of the target habitats across the site as
a result of the earthwork completed during project initiation. Removal of the large outlet canal in conjunction
with the re-contouring of the first-order stream valley has resulted in the connection of headwater wetland areas
to White Springs Creek. There has been a discernible hydrologic response indicating the restoration of key
hydrologic functions relating to water storage and groundwater recharge within the system.

Vegetation and hydrologic monitoring of the project area indicate that the site is progressing well during the fifth
year following the implementation of the restoration activities. Vegetation data document high rates of
survivorship among the planted species ( stem density = 680 stems per acre). No significant vegetation
issues were noted.

Overall, the site appears to be progressing well toward the targeted wetland community types. The restoration
site is already providing key wetland functions via the reduction of sediment/nutrient runoff; increased nutrient
retention/transformation; increased floodwater storage; and the enhancement and protection of wildlife habitat.
The restored first-order stream channel and the zero-order stream valley up-gradient from the channel support
a diverse assemblage of benthic macroinvertebrates. Wetland hydrology has been reestablished across the
site. Three wells (Wells # 2, 3, and 11) did not meet the hydrologic success criterion during Year 5 (2019)
monitoring. However, 2019 is considered to be a drier than normal year based upon precipitation data
collected. Well #2 narrowly missed meeting the success criterion by 2 days. Well #3 exhibited a water table
within 12 inches of the soil surface for 124 days throughout the calendar year. Both wells met the success
criterion every year during the first four years of monitoring. Well #11 met the success criterion during three (3)
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank – White Springs Tract
Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report (March 2020) 18
out of the five (5) monitoring years. The only years that the success criterion was not met (Year 3, 2017 and
Year 5, 2019) were both considered to be drier than normal years, based on total annual precipitation. Upon
review and concurrence by the Interagency Review Team, this report will conclude the fifth and final year of
hydrologic monitoring of the site. Vegetation monitoring will continue through 2021 (7 years post-construction).
FIGURES
Figure 1.
White Springs Vicinity Map
0 1 2
Miles
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank
(White Springs Tract)
Brunswick County
Map Source: DeLorme: North Carolina Atlas and Gazetteer., 1997 p. 87.
*Boundaries are approximate and are not meant to be absolute.
SITE
N
Figure 2.
Aerial Photograph
with Site Boundary Overlay
(Pre-Construction)
Map Source: 2012 NC OneMap Aerial Photography
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella
Mitigation Bank
Brunswick County, NC
LMG # 01-13-038A
www.lmgroup.net
3805 Wrightsville Avenue
Wilmington, NC 28403
Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone]
*Boundaries are approximate and are not meant to be absolute.
N
SCALE 1" = 300’
(when printed at 11”x17”)
!(
!(
!(
!(
!(
!(!(
!(
!(
!(
!(
!(
!(
!(
!(
!(
Figure 3A.
Aerial Photograph
with Well Overlay
Map Source: 2012 NC OneMap Aerial Photography
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella
Mitigation Bank
Brunswick County, NC
LMG # 01-13-038A
www.lmgroup.net
3805 Wrightsville Avenue
Wilmington, NC 28403
Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone]
*Boundaries are approximate and are not meant to be absolute.
N
SCALE 1" = 300’
(when printed at 11”x17”)
Legend
!(Monitoring Well
!(Reference well
!(Stream Gauge
Vegetation Plot
Cross-Section Profile
Stream Restoration
WELL ID SERIAL NUMBER
1 14EBC1BB
2 14EB5F7E
3 14EB15E1
4 14EBB9C2
5 14EB5F56
6 14EB334E
7 14EB1637
8 14EB7E88
9 14EB7F0B
10 removed
11 14EBC2B0
SG 1 14EB7E85
SG 2 14EBC215
Ref 1 EBDDCDF
Ref 2 9DE68CC
Ref 3 EBD36B8
5
4
3
2
1
6 7
SG 1
SG 2
8
11
10
9
Ref 1
Ref 2
Ref 3
Sxs1
Sxs2
Sxs3
Xs1
Xs2
Xs3
Xs4
!(
!(
!(!(
!(
!(
!(
!(
Figure 3B.
Aerial Photograph
with Stream Monitoring Overlay
Map Source: 2012 NC OneMap Aerial Photography
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella
Mitigation Bank
Brunswick County, NC
LMG # 01-13-038A
www.lmgroup.net
3805 Wrightsville Avenue
Wilmington, NC 28403
Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone]
*Boundaries are approximate and are not meant to be absolute.
N
SCALE 1" = 150’
(when printed at 11”x17”)
Legend
!(Monitoring Well
!(Reference well
!(Stream Gauge
Vegetation Plot
Cross-Section Profile
Stream Restoration
Xs1
Xs2 Xs3
Xs4
Vp1
Vp2 Vp3
1
2 3
4
4 3
2 1
1
2 3
4
V P1 V P2 V P3
33.987720 corne r 1 33.987345 corne r 1 33.987107 corne r 1
-78.028097 -78.027242 -78.026653
33.987623 corne r 2 33.987265 corne r 2 33.987022 corne r 2
-78.028152 -78.027323 -78.026678
33.987658 corne r 3 33.987185 corne r 3 33.987068 corne r 3
-78.027895 -78.027122 -78.026443
33.987592 corne r 4 33.987138 corne r 4 33.986992 corne r 4
-78.027928 -78.027178 -78.026480
GPS Coordi nates
R3
R1
R2
W5
W11
W4
W3
W1
W2
W7W6
W8
W10
W9
Project:
Title:
Date:Revision Date:
Drawn By:
Job Number:Scale:
Figure:
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank
White Springs Tract
Wetland Community Types
1/23/2017
1"=400'
GSF
01-09-117
4
L:\WETLANDS\2013 WETLANDS FILES\01-13-038A --- LCFUMB, Monitoring, Jon Vincent\ACAD\White_Springs_Tract_01_20_2017.dwg
Telephone: [phone]
Post Office Box 2522
Wilmington, North Carolina 28402
NOTE: This Is Not An Engineered, Survey, or Architectural Drawing.
Linear Measurements and Area Calculations are Approximate.
NOTE: Parcel Boundaries From Brunswich County GIS.
Aerial is dated 2014.
800400200
PRELIMINARY
0
Riparian Wetland Restoration 1.8 ac
Stream Restoration
Non Riparian Wetland Restoration 6.7 ac
Pine Savannah
Non Riparian Wetland Restoration 57.7 ac
Pocosin
Total Mitigation Bank Site 72 ac
Non Restorable Areas 5.8 ac
W
(Conservation Easement)
Monitoring Well (11)
RReference Well (3)
1/22/2018
APPENDIX A.
SITE PHOTOGRAPHS
APPENDIX A. SITE PHOTOS
LCFUMB, White Springs – Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report
Appendix A. Site Photos

1

(1) View of bald cypress at Vegetation Plot 2 (October 2019)

(2) View of riparian plantings (August 2019)
APPENDIX A. SITE PHOTOS
LCFUMB, White Springs – Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report
Appendix A. Site Photos

2
(3) View of Vegetation Plot 1 (October 2019)

(4) View of Vegetation Plot 2 (October 2019)

APPENDIX A. SITE PHOTOS
LCFUMB, White Springs – Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report
Appendix A. Site Photos

3
(5) View of bald cypress at Vegetation Plot 1 (October 2019)

(6) View of Vegetation Plot 3 (October 2019)
APPENDIX A. SITE PHOTOS
LCFUMB, White Springs – Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report
Appendix A. Site Photos

4

(7) View of inundated floodplain (April 2019)

(8) View of inundated floodplain (April 2019)
APPENDIX A. SITE PHOTOS
LCFUMB, White Springs – Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report
Appendix A. Site Photos

5

(9) View of overbank flooding event and inundated floodplain (August 2019)

(10) View of restored stream and riparian plantings (August 2019)
APPENDIX A. SITE PHOTOS
LCFUMB, White Springs – Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report
Appendix A. Site Photos

6

(11) View of restored stream (August 2019)

(12) View of restored stream (April 2019)

APPENDIX A. SITE PHOTOS
LCFUMB, White Springs – Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report
Appendix A. Site Photos

7
(13) View of cross-section XS1 looking upstream (April 2019)

(14) View of cross-section XS1 looking upstream (November 2019)

APPENDIX A. SITE PHOTOS
LCFUMB, White Springs – Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report
Appendix A. Site Photos

8
(15) View of cross-section XS2 looking upstream (April 2019)

(16) View of cross-section XS2 looking upstream (November 2019)
APPENDIX A. SITE PHOTOS
LCFUMB, White Springs – Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report
Appendix A. Site Photos

9
(17) View of cross-section XS3 (April 2019)

(18) View of cross-section XS3 (November 2019)
APPENDIX A. SITE PHOTOS
LCFUMB, White Springs – Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report
Appendix A. Site Photos

10
(19) View of cross-section XS4 (April 2019)

(20) View of cross-section XS4 (November 2019)
APPENDIX A. SITE PHOTOS
LCFUMB, White Springs – Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report
Appendix A. Site Photos

11

(21) Stream Gauge 1 area before pine suppression.

(22) Stream Gauge 1 area after pine suppression.

APPENDIX A. SITE PHOTOS
LCFUMB, White Springs – Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report
Appendix A. Site Photos

12

(23) Stream Gauge 1 area before pine suppression.

(24) Stream Gauge 1 area after pine suppression.

APPENDIX A. SITE PHOTOS
LCFUMB, White Springs – Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report
Appendix A. Site Photos

13

(25) Middle portion of valley before pine suppression.

(26) Middle portion of valley after pine suppression.
APPENDIX A. SITE PHOTOS
LCFUMB, White Springs – Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report
Appendix A. Site Photos

14

(27) Middle portion of valley before pine suppression.

(28) Middle portion of valley after pine suppression.
APPENDIX A. SITE PHOTOS
LCFUMB, White Springs – Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report
Appendix A. Site Photos

15

(29) Lower portion of valley before pine suppression.

(30) Lower portion of valley after pine suppression.

APPENDIX A. SITE PHOTOS
LCFUMB, White Springs – Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report
Appendix A. Site Photos

16

(31) Bank erosion area before repair.

(32) Bank erosion area before repair.
APPENDIX A. SITE PHOTOS
LCFUMB, White Springs – Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report
Appendix A. Site Photos

17
(33) Bank erosion area after repair.
(34) Bank erosion area after repair.
APPENDIX B.
VEGETATIVE MONITORING DATA (2019)
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation BankWhite Springs TractAppendix B. Vegetation Data by Plot Year 5 (2019)BASELINESpecies Name Common NamePlanted (P) Volunteer (V)Plot 1Plot 2Plot 3Plot 1Plot 2Plot 3Taxodium distichum bald cypress P 44 31 28 44 34 30Pinus spp. unidentified pine V 72 18 17Pinus serotina pond pine V 0 1 1Vaccinium corymbosum highbush blueberry V 3 5 0Nyssa sylvatica black gum V 1 20 1Lyonia lucida fetterbush V 40 29 90Magnolia virginiana sweet bay V 1 1 0Ilex glabra inkberry V 3 20 3Ilex coriacea gallberry V 1 0 1Morella cerifera wax myrtle V 0 2 1Cyrilla racemiflora swamp titi V 33 50 77Rhus copallinum winged sumac V 0 0 1Baccharis halimifolia baccharis V 0 16 0Persea borbonia red bay V 12 17 19Gordonia lasianthus loblolly bay V 24 0 1Ilex opaca american holly V 0 0 1Itea virginica Virginia sweetspire V 0 0 1Total Stems of Planted Species 44 31 28Total Stems of Planted Species + Volunteer Species234 210 242
APPENDIX C.
PALMER HYDROLOGIC DROUGHT INDEX MAPS
x SITE
x SITE
e eme re dr019ll � --
-4.00 -3.00 IO -3.99
e eme re drought � --
-4.00 -3.00 to -3.99
Palmer Hydrological Drought Index
March, 2019
model 8 drought range
-2.00 -1.99 +2.00 10 10 IO -2.99 +1.99 +2.99
Palmer Hydrological Drought Index
April, 2019
modela:e drought range
-2.00 -1.99 +2.00 0 10 10 -2.99 ♦1.99 2.99
moist moist --
+3.00 +4.00 IO +3.99 abo->'8
moist moist --
+3.00 +4.00 10 +3.99 abo->'8
x SITE
x SITE
x SITE
x SITE
x SITE
x SITE
x SITE
x SITE
x SITE
x SITE
APPENDIX D.
NORTH CAROLINA DROUGHT STATUS MAPS
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Percentile
Well & Baseflow Data
Baseflow Data 1965-2018
Well Data 1965-2018
North Carolina Division of Water Resources January 31, 2019
DWR Drought Image
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
X SITE
X SITE
X SITE
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Percentile
Well & Baseflow Data
Baseflow Data 1965-2018
Well Data 1965-2018
North Carolina Division of Water Resources February 28, 2019
DWR Drought Image
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
X SITE
X SITE
X SITE
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Percentile
Well & Baseflow Data
Baseflow Data 1965-2018
Well Data 1965-2018
North Carolina Division of Water Resources March 31, 2019
DWR Drought Image
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
X SITE
X SITE
X SITE
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Percentile
Well & Baseflow Data
Baseflow Data 1965-2018
Well Data 1965-2018
North Carolina Division of Water Resources April 30, 2019
DWR Drought Image
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
X SITE
X SITE
X SITE
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Percentile
Well & Baseflow Data
Baseflow Data 1965-2018
Well Data 1965-2018
North Carolina Division of Water Resources May 31, 2019
DWR Drought Image
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
X SITE
X SITE
X SITE
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Percentile
Well & Baseflow Data
Baseflow Data 1965-2018
Well Data 1965-2018
North Carolina Division of Water Resources June 30, 2019
DWR Drought Image
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
X SITE
X SITE
X SITE
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Percentile
Well & Baseflow Data
Baseflow Data 1965-2018
Well Data 1965-2018
North Carolina Division of Water Resources July 31, 2019
DWR Drought Image
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
X SITE
X SITE
X SITE
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Percentile
Well & Baseflow Data
Baseflow Data 1965-2018
Well Data 1965-2018
North Carolina Division of Water Resources August 31, 2019
DWR Drought Image
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
X SITE
X SITE
X SITE
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Percentile
Well & Baseflow Data
Baseflow Data 1965-2018
Well Data 1965-2018
North Carolina Division of Water Resources September 30, 2019
DWR Drought Image
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
X SITE
X SITE
X SITE
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Percentile
Well & Baseflow Data
Baseflow Data 1965-2018
Well Data 1965-2018
North Carolina Division of Water Resources October 31, 2019
DWR Drought Image
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
X SITE
X SITE
X SITE
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Percentile
Well & Baseflow Data
Baseflow Data 1965-2018
Well Data 1965-2018
North Carolina Division of Water Resources November 30, 2019
DWR Drought Image
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
X SITE
X SITE
X SITE
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Percentile
Well & Baseflow Data
Baseflow Data 1965-2018
Well Data 1965-2018
North Carolina Division of Water Resources December 31, 2019
DWR Drought Image
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
X SITE
X SITE
X SITE
APPENDIX E.
HYDROGRAPHS (2019)
March 2019Precipitation Data Obtained from: MOTSU Station NSUN (www.nc‐climate.ncsu.edu)30% and 70% precipitation normals obtained from: WETS Station SOUTHPORT 5 N, 1971‐2000 (wcc.nrcs.usda.gov)048121620242832364044485290 day Precipitation AssessmentNSUN Raingauge90 Day Total30%70%
June 2019Precipitation Data Obtained from: MOTSU Station NSUN (www.nc‐climate.ncsu.edu)30% and 70% precipitation normals obtained from: WETS Station SOUTHPORT 5 N, 1971‐2000 (wcc.nrcs.usda.gov)048121620242832364044485290 day Precipitation AssessmentNSUN Raingauge90 Day Total30%70%
September 2019Precipitation Data Obtained from: MOTSU Station NSUN (www.nc‐climate.ncsu.edu)30% and 70% precipitation normals obtained from: WETS Station SOUTHPORT 5 N, 1971‐2000 (wcc.nrcs.usda.gov)048121620242832364044485290 day Precipitation AssessmentNSUN Raingauge90 Day Total30%70%
December 2019Precipitation Data Obtained from: MOTSU Station NSUN (www.nc‐climate.ncsu.edu)30% and 70% precipitation normals obtained from: WETS Station SOUTHPORT 5 N, 1971‐2000 (wcc.nrcs.usda.gov)048121620242832364044485290 day Precipitation AssessmentNSUN Raingauge90 Day Total30%70%
March 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Wells 1, 2 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ January 1, 2019 to March 31, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐42‐36‐30‐24‐18‐12‐60612Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeWell 1 (14E1C1BB)Well 2 (14EB5F7E)0" Ground Surface‐12" Threshold
June 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Wells 1, 2 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ April 1, 2019 to June 30, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐42‐36‐30‐24‐18‐12‐60612Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeWell 1 (14E1C1BB)Well 2 (14EB5F7E)0" Ground Surface‐12" Threshold
September 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Wells 1, 2 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ July 1, 2019 to September 30, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐42‐36‐30‐24‐18‐12‐60612Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeWell 1 (14E1C1BB)Well 2 (14EB5F7E)0" Ground Surface‐12" Threshold
December 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Wells 1, 2 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ October 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐42‐36‐30‐24‐18‐12‐60612Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeWell 1 (14E1C1BB)Well 2 (14EB5F7E)0" Ground Surface‐12" Threshold
March 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Wells 3, 4, 5 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ January 1, 2019 to March 31, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐42‐36‐30‐24‐18‐12‐60612Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeWell 3 (14EB15E1)Well 4 (14EBB9C2)Well 5 (14EB5F56)0" Ground Surface‐12" Threshold
June 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Wells 3, 4, 5 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ April 1, 2019 to June 30, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐42‐36‐30‐24‐18‐12‐60612Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeWell 3 (14EB15E1)Well 4 (14EBB9C2)Well 5 (14EB5F56)0" Ground Surface‐12" Threshold
September 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Wells 3, 4, 5 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ July 1, 2019 to September 30, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐42‐36‐30‐24‐18‐12‐60612Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeWell 3 (14EB15E1)Well 4 (14EBB9C2)Well 5 (14EB5F56)0" Ground Surface‐12" Threshold
December 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Wells 3, 4, 5 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ October 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐42‐36‐30‐24‐18‐12‐60612Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeWell 3 (14EB15E1)Well 4 (14EBB9C2)Well 5 (14EB5F56)0" Ground Surface‐12" Threshold
March 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Wells 6, 7, 8 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ January 1, 2019 to March 31, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐42‐36‐30‐24‐18‐12‐60612Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeWell 6 (14EB334E)Well 7 (14EB1637)Well 8 (14EB7E88)0" Ground Surface‐12" Threshold
June 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Wells 6, 7, 8 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ April 1, 2019 to June 30, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐42‐36‐30‐24‐18‐12‐60612Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeWell 6 (14EB334E)Well 7 (14EB1637)Well 8 (14EB7E88)0" Ground Surface‐12" Threshold
September 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Wells 6, 7, 8 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ July 1, 2019 to September 30, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐42‐36‐30‐24‐18‐12‐60612Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeWell 6 (14EB334E)Well 7 (14EB1637)Well 8 (14EB7E88)0" Ground Surface‐12" Threshold
December 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Wells 6, 7, 8 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ October 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐42‐36‐30‐24‐18‐12‐60612Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeWell 6 (14EB334E)Well 7 (14EB1637)Well 8 (14EB7E88)0" Ground Surface‐12" Threshold
Well 10 removed February 14March 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Wells 9, 10, 11 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ January 1, 2019 to March 31, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐42‐36‐30‐24‐18‐12‐60612Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeWell 9 (14EB7F0B)Well 10 (14EB95B4)Well 11 (14EBC2B0)0" Ground Surface‐12" Threshold
June 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Wells 9, 10, 11 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ April 1, 2019 to June 30, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐42‐36‐30‐24‐18‐12‐60612Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeWell 9 (14EB7F0B)Well 11 (14EBC2B0)0" Ground Surface‐12" Threshold
September 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Wells 9, 10, 11 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ July 1, 2019 to September 30, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐42‐36‐30‐24‐18‐12‐60612Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeWell 9 (14EB7F0B)Well 11 (14EBC2B0)0" Ground Surface‐12" Threshold
December 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Wells 9, 10, 11 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ October 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐42‐36‐30‐24‐18‐12‐60612Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeWell 9 (14EB7F0B)Well 11 (14EBC2B0)0" Ground Surface‐12" Threshold
March 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Stream Gauges 1 and 2 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ January 1, 2019 to March 31, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐36‐30‐24‐18‐12‐6061218Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeWell SG1 (14EB7E85)Well SG2 (14EBC215)0" Top of Bank
June 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Stream Gauges 1 and 2 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ April 1, 2019 to June 30, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐36‐30‐24‐18‐12‐6061218Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeWell SG1 (14EB7E85)Well SG2 (14EBC215)0" Top of Bank
September 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Stream Gauges 1 and 2 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ July 1, 2019 to September 30, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐36.0‐30.0‐24.0‐18.0‐12.0‐6.00.06.012.018.0Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeWell SG1 (14EB7E85)Well SG2 (14EBC215)0" Top of Bank
December 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Stream Gauges 1 and 2 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ October 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐36‐30‐24‐18‐12‐6061218Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeWell SG1 (14EB7E85)Well SG2 (14EBC215)0" Top of Bank
January 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Stream Gauges 1 and 2 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ January 24 to January 25, 2019 ‐ One reading per hour01234‐12‐606121824303624‐Jan‐19 25‐Jan‐19Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (Inches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeWell SG1 (14EB7E85)Well SG2 (14EBC215)0" Top of Bank
August 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Stream Gauges 1 and 2 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ August 17 to August 18, 2019 ‐ One reading per hour01234‐12‐606121824303617‐Aug‐19 18‐Aug‐19Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (Inches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeWell SG1 (14EB7E85)Well SG2 (14EBC215)0" Top of Bank
September 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Stream Gauges 1 and 2 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ September 5 to September 7, 2019 ‐ One reading per hour01234‐12‐60612182430365‐Sep‐19 6‐Sep‐19 7‐Sep‐19Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (Inches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeWell SG1 (14EB7E85)Well SG2 (14EBC215)0" Top of Bank
Reference #3 Malfunction (well replaced 4‐15‐19)March 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Reference Wells 1, 2, 3 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ January 1, 2019 to March 31, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐42‐36‐30‐24‐18‐12‐60612Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeRef 1 (EBDDCDF)Ref 2 (9DE68CC)Ref 3 (EBD36B8)0" Ground Surface‐12" Threshold
Reference #3 Malfunction (well replaced 4‐15‐19)June 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Reference Wells 1, 2, 3 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ April 1, 2019 to June 30, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐42‐36‐30‐24‐18‐12‐60612Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeRef 1 (EBDDCDF)Ref 2 (9DE68CC)Ref 3 (EBD36B8)0" Ground Surface‐12" Threshold
September 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Reference Wells 1, 2, 3 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ July 1, 2019 to September 30, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐42‐36‐30‐24‐18‐12‐60612Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeRef 1 (EBDDCDF)Ref 2 (9DE68CC)Ref 3 (EBD36B8)0" Ground Surface‐12" Threshold
December 2019Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank at White Springs (01‐13‐038a)Reference Wells 1, 2, 3 ‐ Ecotone WM40 ‐ October 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 ‐ One reading per day at 7:00 am0123456789‐42‐36‐30‐24‐18‐12‐60612Precipitation (Inches)Ground / Surface Water Level (nches)DateHydrology AssessmentNSUN RaingaugeRef 1 (EBDDCDF)Ref 2 (9DE68CC)Ref 3 (EBD36B8)0" Ground Surface‐12" Threshold
APPENDIX F.
STREAM MORPHOLOGICAL DATA

27.5
28.5
29.5
30.5
31.5
32.5
33.5
34.5
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200Elevation (ft)Channel Distance (ft)
White Springs Longitudinal Profile - Year 5
bed bankfull x-section
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200Elevation (ft)Channel Distance (ft)
White Springs Longitudinal Profile - Baseline
bed bankfull x-section
31.5
32
32.5
33
33.5
34
34.5
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200Elevation (ft)Channel Distance (ft)
White Springs Longitudinal Profile - Year 5 (Sta 0+00 to 0+200)
bed bankfull x-section
32
32.5
33
33.5
34
34.5
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200Elevation (ft)Channel Distance (ft)
White Springs Longitudinal Profile - Baseline (Sta 0+00 to 0+200)
bed bankfull x-section
31.5
32
32.5
33
33.5
34
34.5
200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400Elevation (ft)Channel Distance (ft)
White Springs Longitudinal Profile - Year 5 (Sta 0+200 to 0+400)
bed bankfull x-section
31.5
32
32.5
33
33.5
34
34.5
200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400Elevation (ft)Channel Distance (ft)
White Springs Longitudinal Profile - Baseline (Sta 0+200 to 0+400)
bed bankfull x-section
30.5
31
31.5
32
32.5
33
33.5
400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600Elevation (ft)Channel Distance (ft)
White Springs Longitudinal Profile - Year 5 (Sta 0+400 to 0+600)
bed bankfull x-section
31
31.5
32
32.5
33
33.5
34
400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600Elevation (ft)Channel Distance (ft)
White Springs Longitudinal Profile - Baseline (Sta 0+400 to 0+600)
bed bankfull x-section
30.5
31
31.5
32
32.5
33
33.5
600 620 640 660 680 700 720 740 760 780 800Elevation (ft)Channel Distance (ft)
White Springs Longitudinal Profile - Year 5 (Sta 0+600 to 0+800)
bed bankfull x-section
31
31.5
32
32.5
33
33.5
34
600 620 640 660 680 700 720 740 760 780 800Elevation (ft)Channel Distance (ft)
White Springs Longitudinal Profile - Baseline (Sta 0+600 to 0+800)
bed bankfull x-section
28.5
29
29.5
30
30.5
31
31.5
32
32.5
33
800 820 840 860 880 900 920 940 960 980 1000Elevation (ft)Channel Distance (ft)
White Springs Longitudinal Profile - Year 5 (Sta 0+800 to 0+1000)
bed bankfull x-section
30
30.5
31
31.5
32
32.5
33
800 820 840 860 880 900 920 940 960 980 1000Elevation (ft)Channel Distance (ft)
White Springs Longitudinal Profile - Baseline (Sta 0+800 to 0+1000)
bed bankfull x-section
27.5
28
28.5
29
29.5
30
30.5
31
31.5
1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350Elevation (ft)Channel Distance (ft)
White Springs Longitudinal Profile - Year 5 (Sta 0+00 to 0+1309)
bed bankfull x-section
28
28.5
29
29.5
30
30.5
31
31.5
32
1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350Elevation (ft)Channel Distance (ft)
White Springs Longitudinal Profile - Baseline (Sta 0+1000 to 0+1317)
bed bankfull x-section
Year 5 Baseline
Bankfull elevation (ft) 33.68 Bankfull elevation (ft) 33.77
Pool width, Wbkfp (ft) 9.5 Pool width, Wbkfp (ft) 10.5
Pool cross-section area, Abkfp (sq ft) 6.7 Pool cross-section area, Abkfp (sq ft) 6.7
Mean pool depth, dbkfp (ft) 0.7 Mean pool depth, dbkfp (ft) 0.6
Max pool depth, dmbkfp (ft) 1.5 Max pool depth, dmbkfp (ft) 1.3
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18Elevation (ft)Width (ft)
XS1 Pool
Year 5 Ground Year 5 Bankfull Baseline Ground
Year 5 Baseline
Width flood-prone area, Wfpa (ft) 118.8 Width flood-prone area, Wfpa (ft) 104.1
Bankfull elevation (ft) 33.24 Bankfull elevation (ft) 33.21
Riffle width, Wbkf (ft) 10.2 Riffle width, Wbkf (ft) 9.2
Entrenchment ratio, ER [Wfpa/Wbkf] 11.7 Entrenchment ratio, ER [Wfpa/Wbkf] 11.4
Riffle cross-section area, Abkf (sq ft) 8.3 Riffle cross-section area, Abkf (sq ft) 5.5
Mean riffle depth, dbkf (ft) 0.8 Mean riffle depth, dbkf (ft) 0.6
Width-to-depth ratio, [Wbkf/dbkf] 12.4 Width-to-depth ratio, [Wbkf/dbkf] 15.3
Max riffle depth, dmbkf (ft) 2.1 Max riffle depth, dmbkf (ft) 1.3
Max riffle depth ratio, [dmbkf/dbkf] 2.6 Max riffle depth ratio, [dmbkf/dbkf] 2.2
Bankfull wetted perimeter, P (ft) 11.8 Bankfull wetted perimeter, P (ft) 9.6
Low bank height, LBH (ft) 2.1 Low bank height, LBH (ft) 1.3
Low bank height ratio, BHR
[LBH/dmbkf] 1.00 Low bank height ratio, BHR
[LBH/dmbkf] 1.00
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18Elevation (ft)Width (ft)
XS2 Riffle
Year 5 Ground Year 5 Bankfull Baseline Ground
Year 5 Baseline
Width flood-prone area, Wfpa (ft) 104.0 Width flood-prone area, Wfpa (ft) 94.6
Bankfull elevation (ft) 32.38 Bankfull elevation (ft) 32.36
Riffle width, Wbkf (ft) 11.6 Riffle width, Wbkf (ft) 9.90
Entrenchment ratio, ER [Wfpa/Wbkf] 9.0 Entrenchment ratio, ER [Wfpa/Wbkf] 9.6
Riffle cross-section area, Abkf (sq ft) 9.4 Riffle cross-section area, Abkf (sq ft) 7.0
Mean riffle depth, dbkf (ft) 0.8 Mean riffle depth, dbkf (ft) 0.7
Width-to-depth ratio, [Wbkf/dbkf] 13.8 Width-to-depth ratio, [Wbkf/dbkf] 14.0
Max riffle depth, dmbkf (ft) 1.7 Max riffle depth, dmbkf (ft) 1.2
Max riffle depth ratio, [dmbkf/dbkf] 2.0 Max riffle depth ratio, [dmbkf/dbkf] 1.7
Bankfull wetted perimeter, P (ft) 12.1 Bankfull wetted perimeter, P (ft) 10.3
Low bank height, LBH (ft) 1.6 Low bank height, LBH (ft) 1.2
Low bank height ratio, BHR
[LBH/dmbkf] 0.93 Low bank height ratio, BHR
[LBH/dmbkf] 1.00
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16Elevation (ft)Width (ft)
XS3 Riffle
Year 5 Ground Year 5 Bankull Baseline Ground
Year 5 Baseline
Bankfull elevation (ft) 29.91 Bankfull elevation (ft) 29.82
Pool width, Wbkfp (ft) 8.9 Pool width, Wbkfp (ft) 8.5
Pool cross-section area, Abkfp (sq ft) 5.5 Pool cross-section area, Abkfp (sq ft) 5.5
Mean pool depth, dbkfp (ft) 0.6 Mean pool depth, dbkfp (ft) 0.6
Max pool depth, dmbkfp (ft) 1.0 Max pool depth, dmbkfp (ft) 1.3
28.5
29
29.5
30
30.5
31
31.5
32
32.5
33
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18Elevation (ft)Width (ft)
XS4 Pool
Year 5 Ground Year 5 Bankfull Baseline Ground
Base MY1 MY2 MY3 MY4 MY5 MY+Base MY1 MY2 MY3 MY4 MY5 MY+
10.5 9.8 8.8 10.3 10.3 9.5 8.5 9.1 9.3 9.7 10.4 8.9
6.7 7.2 5.6 6.8 7.7 6.7 5.5 4.5 4.8 6.0 6.0 5.5
0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6
1.3 2.0 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0
Base MY1 MY2 MY3 MY4 MY5 MY+Base MY1 MY2 MY3 MY4 MY5 MY+
9.2 11.1 9.3 9.8 9.4 10.2 9.9 10.8 10.3 10.5 10.9 11.6
104.1 110.2 111.5 111.9 111.3 118.8 94.6 92.6 94.3 94.0 101.0 104.0
0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8
1.3 1.7 1.7 2.0 2.1 2.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.7
5.5 7.8 6.5 7.9 7.3 8.3 7.0 7.2 7.0 7.2 8.8 9.4
15.3 15.9 13.3 12.1 12.1 12.4 14.0 16.3 14.7 15.3 13.6 13.8
11.4 9.9 12.0 11.4 11.8 11.7 9.6 8.6 9.2 9.0 9.3 9.0
1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9
Pool Cross Sectional Area (ft2)
Mean Pool Depth (ft)
Max Pool Depth (ft)
Dimensional Morphology Summary (Dimensional Parameters - Cross Section)
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank - White Springs Tract
Year 05 Monitoring
Cross Section 1 (Pool)Cross Section 4 (Pool)Dimension based on current bankfull
elevation
Bank Height Ratio
Pool Dimensions
Riffle Dimensions
Floodprone width (ft)
Bankfull mean depth (ft)
Bankfull max depth (ft)
Bankfull Cross Sectional Area (ft2)
Width/Depth Ratio
Entrenchment Ratio
Dimension based on current bankfull
elevation
Cross Section 2 (Riffle)Cross Section 3 (Riffle)
Bankfull width (ft)
Pool Width (ft)
Parameter
Dimension - Riffle only Min Mean Max Min Mean Max Min Mean Max Min Mean Max Min Mean Max Min Mean Max
Rosgen Classification
Bankfull Width (ft)9.2 9.6 9.9 10.8 11.0 11.1 9.3 9.8 10.3 9.8 10.2 10.5 9.4 10.2 10.9 10.2 10.9 11.6
Floodprone Width (ft)94.6 99.4 104.1 92.6 101.4 110.2 94.3 102.9 111.5 94.0 103.0 111.9 101.0 106.2 111.3 104.0 111.4 118.8
Bankfull Mean Depth (ft)0.6 0.65 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
Bankfull Max Depth (ft)1.2 1.25 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.4 1.7 2.0 1.6 1.9 2.1 1.7 1.9 2.1
Bankfull Cross Sectional Area (ft2)5.5 6.3 7.0 7.2 7.5 7.8 6.5 6.8 7.0 7.2 7.6 7.9 7.3 8.1 8.8 8.3 8.9 9.4
Width/Depth Ratio 14.0 14.7 15.3 15.9 16.1 16.3 13.3 14.0 14.7 12.1 13.7 15.3 12.1 12.9 13.6 12.4 13.1 13.8
Entrenchment Ratio 9.6 10.5 11.4 8.6 9.3 9.9 9.2 10.6 12.0 9.0 10.2 11.4 9.3 10.6 11.8 9.0 10.4 11.7
Bank Height Ratio 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0
Profile Min Median Max Min Median Max Min Median Max Min Median Max Min Median Max Min Median Max
Valley Slope (ft/ft)
Average Water Surface Slope (ft/ft)
Riffle Length (ft)13.7 16.4 17.1 6.1 15.0 21.8 6.8 15.8 22.6 11.6 17.3 27.5 4.5 14.3 21.3 10.6 17.8 27.8
Riffle Length Ratio 1.4 1.7 1.8 0.6 1.4 2.0 0.7 1.6 2.3 1.1 1.7 2.7 0.5 1.5 2.2 1.0 1.6 2.6
Pool Length (ft)16.6 16.8 27.5 11.0 16.6 25.9 11.3 21.4 25.8 12.5 15.3 19.4 11.9 16.1 22.7 16.0 18.0 19.8
Pool Length Ratio 1.7 1.8 2.9 1.0 1.5 2.4 1.2 2.2 2.6 1.2 1.5 1.9 1.2 1.7 2.3 1.5 1.7 1.8
Pool - Pool Spacing (ft)29.1 36.2 44.1 29.1 37.7 44.7 28.4 34.5 52.2 29.3 32.8 44.3 26.8 36.3 46.7 30.1 42.7 65.9
Pool-Pool Spacing Ratio 3.1 3.8 4.6 2.6 3.4 4.1 2.9 3.5 5.3 2.9 3.2 4.4 2.8 3.7 4.8 2.8 3.9 6.0
0.0029
0.0037
0.0031
0.0039
0.0032
0.0043
0.0036
0.0032
0.0027
0.0036
0.0029
0.0036
MY-2 MY- 3 MY- 4 MY- 5
Lower Cape Fear Umbrella Mitigation Bank - White Springs Tract
Stream Survey Data Summary
Year 05 Monitoring
Baseline MY-1
C5 C5 C5 C5 C5 C5
APPENDIX G.
OHWM INDICATORS IN STREAM VALLEY
APPENDIX G. OHWM INDICATORS
LCFUMB, White Springs – Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report
Appendix G. OHWM Indicators in Stream Valley 1
(1)View of OHWM along restored stream in
April 2019
(2) View of OHWM along restored stream in
April 2019
OHWM INDICATORS
1 – Natural line impressed on bank
2 – Vegetation matted down, bent, or
absent
3 – Multiple observed flow events
4 – Bed and banks
5 – Water staining
6 – Change in plant community
OHWM INDICATORS
1 – Natural line impressed on bank
2 – Vegetation matted down, bent, or
absent
3 – Multiple observed flow events
4 – Bed and banks
5 – Water staining
6 – Change in plant community
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
APPENDIX G. OHWM INDICATORS
LCFUMB, White Springs – Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report
Appendix G. OHWM Indicators in Stream Valley 2
(3) View of OHWM along restored stream in
April 2019
(4) View of OHWM along restored stream in
April 2019
OHWM INDICATORS
1 – Natural line impressed on bank
2 – Vegetation matted down, bent, or
absent
3 – Deposition
4 – Multiple observed flow events
5 – Bed and banks
6 – Water staining
7 – Change in plant community
OHWM INDICATORS
1 – Natural line impressed on bank
2 – Vegetation matted down, bent, or
absent
3 – Deposition
4 - Multiple observed flow events
5 – Bed and banks
6 – Water staining
1
23
45
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
APPENDIX G. OHWM INDICATORS
LCFUMB, White Springs – Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report
Appendix G. OHWM Indicators in Stream Valley 3
(5) View of OHWM along restored stream in
April 2019
(6) View of OHWM along restored stream in
April 2019
OHWM INDICATORS
1 – Natural line impressed on bank
2 – Vegetation matted down, bent, or
absent
3 – Deposition
4 – Multiple observed flow events
5 – Bed and banks
6 – Water staining
7 – Change in plant community
OHWM INDICATORS
1 – Natural line impressed on bank
2 – Destruction of terrestrial vegetation
3 – Vegetation matted down, bent, or
absent
4 - Deposition
5 – Multiple observed flow events
6 – Bed and banks
7 – Water staining
8 – Change in plant community
1
2 3
4
5 6
7
1
2 3
4
5
6
7
8
APPENDIX G. OHWM INDICATORS
LCFUMB, White Springs – Year 5 Annual Monitoring Report
Appendix G. OHWM Indicators in Stream Valley 4
(7) View of OHWM along restored stream in
April 2019
(8) View of OHWM along restored stream in
April 2019
OHWM INDICATORS
1 – Natural line impressed on bank
2 – Destruction of terrestrial vegetation
3 – Vegetation matted down, bent, or
absent
4 – Deposition
5 – Multiple observed flow events
6 – Bed and banks
7 – Water staining
8 – Change in plant community
OHWM INDICATORS
1 – Natural line impressed on bank
2 – Vegetation matted down, bent, or
absent
3 – Deposition
4 - Multiple observed flow events
5 – Bed and banks
6 – Water staining
7 – Change in plant community
1
2
34
5
67
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7