NCG210383_COMPLETE FILE - HISTORICAL_20080912

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September 12, 2008
Billy Andrews
B & 8 Topsoil Mine Inc
1800 Hamlin Rd
Durham, NC 27704
Michael F. Easley, Governor
William G. Ross Jr., Secretary
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Coleen H. Sullins, Director
Division of Water Quality
Subject: NPDES Stormwater Permit Coverage Renewal
B & B Topsoil Mine, Inc.
COC Number NCG210383
Durham County
Dear Permittee:
In response to your renewal application for continued coverage under stormwater General Permit NCG210000 the Division of
Water Quality (DWQ) is forwarding herewith the reissued stormwater General Permit. This permit has been reissued pursuant to
the requirements of North Carolina General Statute 143-215.1 and the Memorandum of Agreement between the state of North
Carolina and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, dated October 15, 2007.
The following information is included with your permit package:
• A new Certificate of Coverage
• A copy of stormwater General Stormwater Permit NCG210000
• A copy of the Technical Bulletin for the General Permit
• Five copies of the Discharge Monitoring Report (DMR) Form
• Five copies of the Qualitative Monitoring Report Form
The General Permit authorizes discharges of stormwater only, and it specifies your obligations with respect to stormwater
discharge controls, management, monitoring, and record keeping. Please review the new permit to familiarize yourself With all
the changes in the reissued permit.
The more significant changes to the General Permit include the following:
• Permit cover page, second paragraph — The General Permit now may cover activities that DWQ determines to be similar in
either the process, or in the exposed materials, to the Timber Products Industry.
• Part I Section A — A new provision that facilities draining to 303(d) listed waters, or in watersheds with an approved TMDL,
may not be eligible for continued coverage at the next renewal of the General Permit.
• Part I Section B second paragraph — A new clarification that the permit does not authorize discharges that DWQ determines
are wastewaters.
• Part 11 Section A —The required contents of the Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan have been expanded and clarified.
• Part 11 Section B Table 1 — A new requirement to sample stormwater discharges twice per year for those facilities with
exposed piles of certain materials remaining on site longer than seven days.
• Part II Section B Tables 2 and 3 and following — For permittees with exposed piles, there are new provisions requiring the
permittee to execute Tier One and Tier Two response actions, based on the first benchmark exceedence (Tier One) and the
second consecutive benchmark exceedence (Tier Two). Tier Two requires that the permittee institute monthly monitoring
instead of twice -per -year monitoring, until three consecutive monitoring events show no benchmark exceedences.
• Part II Section B — For permittees With exposed piles, a new provision that four exceedences of any particular benchmark
will trigger increased DWQ involvement in the pernittee's stormwater management and control actions. DWQ may direct
the permittee to apply for an individual permit, or may direct the implementation or installation of specific stormwater control
measures.
• Part 11 Section C — Clarification that under the qualitative monitoring provisions of the permit, the permittee is obligated to
respond to repeated observations of stormwater pollution. DWQ may impose additional stormwater management
requirements if the permittee is non -responsive, or if the responses are ineffective.
Your coverage under the General Permit is transferable only through the specific action of DWQ.
N����tl,,Carohna
Naturally
North Carolina Division of Water Quality 1617 Mail Service Center Raleigh, NC 27699-1617 Phone [phone] Customer Service
Internet h2o.mr.state.nc.uslsu/stormwaterhtml 512 N. Salisbury St. Raleigh, NC 27604 FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer— 50% Recycled110% Post Consumer Paper

NPDES Stormwater Permit Coverage Renewal
Permit Number NCG2 (0383
Page 2
This permit does not affect the legal requirements to obtain other permits which may be required by NCDENR, nor does it relieve
the permittee from responsibility for compliance with any other applicable federal, state, or local law, rule, standard, ordinance,
order, judgment, or decree.
If you have any questions regarding this permit package please contact
Permitting Unit at [phone].
Sincerely,
for Coleen H. Sullins
cc: DWQ Central Files
Stormwater Permitting Unit Files
Raleigh Regional Office
of the Central Office Stormwater

STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY
GENERAL PERMIT NO. NCG210000
CERTIFICATE OF COVERAGE No. N6G'210383
STORMWATER DISCHARGES
NATIONAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM
In compliance with the provision of North Carolina General Statute 143-215.1, other lawful standards and
regulations promulgated and adopted by the North Carolina Environmental Management Commission, and
the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended,
is hereby authorized to discharge stormwater from a facility located at
&&°'B'Topsoil;Mine;'Inc€
1t 800 HamlinRd�
Duihann
Durham C uo my
to receiving waters designated as Ellerbe Creek, a class WS IVNSW stream in the Neuse River Basin in
accordance with the effluent limitations, monitoring requirements, and other conditions set forth in Parts I, II,
III, IV. V, and VI of General Permit No. NCG210000 as attached.
This certificate of coverage shall become effective September 15, 2008.
This Certificate of Coverage shall remain in effect for the duration of the General Permit.
Signed this day September 12, 2008.
for Coleen H. Sullins, Director
Division of Water Quality
By Authority of the Environmental Management Commission

B and B Topsoil Mine, Inc. - NPDES permit evaluation
April 11, 2007
kbp
1. Initiating circumstances
a. Reportedly, DWM has told B&B that the renewal of their solid waste permit is
dependent on receipt of a DWQ permit, or other determination that a permit from
DWQ is not required. RRO staff in Surface Water Protection and in Aquifer Protection
have visited the site.
b. DWQ is currently evaluating permitting policy for composters and mulchers and similar
related activities in SIC codes 287 Agricultural Chemicals (including facilities
manufacturing compost, potting soil, or soil conditioners) and in SIC code 24
Lumber and Wood Products (facilities manufacturing mulch.) This facility receives
wood, and their major product contains decayed bits derived from the wood, and so in
this respect resembles SIC 24; and they produce top soil blends with micro -nutrients,
and so in this respect resemble SIC 287. Both of these SIC codes would make the
facility eligible for an NPDES stormwater permit. DWQ's current investigation of
related industries is concerned, in part, with whether flows from these sites might
better be permitted as NPDES wastewaters, rather than stormwaters.
c. To some extent the facility resembles SIC 5261 Retail Nurseries, Lawn and Garden
Supply Stores, selling (but not manufacturing) topsoil at retail. If so, the SIC code
would indicate that an NPDES stormwater permit would not be required.
d. To some extent the facility resembles an LCID landfill (which would be exempt from
NPDES stormwater permitting) in that it receives stumps and limbs and woody trash.
However, there is no landfill cover, and the aspect of ultimate disposal present in an
LCID is also missing, since the operator continues to reclaim material from the
stockpiled wood and stumps.
e. The site is not co -located with the B&B chip mill, or other B&B businesses located in
New Hill, NC (southwestern Wake County). It is located close to Weaver in northern
Durham County, immediately south of Falls Lake.
f. The facility is unique in our permitting experience.
2. Site activity.
a. PRO staff report a site 5-10 acres in size, very close to Ellerbe Creek, in Durham
County. Just downstream from the Durham Yard Waste composting facility (recently
on fire).
b. Reportedly, stumps and other similar debris are received, and stockpiled for long
periods of time (3-4 years). The stumps and stockpiled materials are not wetted,
turned, ground, amended, or otherwise processed in the pile. Periodically the oldest
materials are scooped up, screened to recover soil around the root balls or small
decayed pieces of roots, twigs, and leaves. The recovered soil and small materials are
blended with other imported materials and sold in several blends. The largest volume
product is the R-3 Blend, which is 50% soil, 45% organic matter, and 5% gypsum
board or flowers and vegetables.
c. According to their web site, the site also produces other topsoil blends. Also, they
import and offer for sale (but don't actually manufacture on site), shredded mulches,
pine needle mulch, compost, bark mulch, and fill soil.
3. RRO input:
a. RRO conducted a single sampling event with the following results (as reported by
Chad) Flow in a ditch from the site before entering a wetlands - BOD=10; Flow out of
the wetlands before entering Ellerbe Creek - B6D=4.5; Instream flow upstream of the
site in Ellerbe Creek - BOD=2.2; Downstream in Ellerbe Creek - BOD=3.0.
b. Chad Coburn reports conversations with Chuck Wakild, Mack Wiggins, Keith Larick,
and Shannon Langley, all from RRO. They suggest that either DWQ issue an
individual stormwater permit, or that no DWQ permit be required.
c. RRO reports that B&B would not object to the requirement for a stormwater permit.
The implication being that they really don't want a wastewater permit, however.

4. Conclusions
a. By virtue of the blending operation, this site is manufacturing, and does not fit into
SIC code 5721, which by my reading is selling only, not manufacturing. Therefore we
cannot exempt the site from permitting based on SIC 5721 (Top soil - retail) being
outside of the NPDES universe.
b. Without further investigation, it is not definitively clear that activities at this site
should not be included in the fertilizer or the mulcher categories. Our investigation is
just beginning, and it does seem possible that DWQ's eventual determination on this
site, and our eventual programmatic approach to mulchers and composters will
capture this site for one or both of the reasons identified in I.b. above (i.e., that they
resemble a mulcher in that bits of woody material are included in the final product, or
that the final product resembles compost, soil conditioner, or mixed potting soil, and in
that they blend materials to make an agricultural product.)
c. The predominant industrial process on site appears to be the production of R-3 Blend,
their major product, a blended soil.
Options
a. We might determine that the facility does not need a permit based on SIC 5721 and
based on RRO sense that they're not a problem - NO, see 4.a. above reporting that
SIC 5721 does not apply; and consider that we hope all stormwater permittees have
relatively clean sites. A clean site is not a rules -based reason to exclude them from
the program.
b. We might determine that the facility does not need a permit now, but communicate
this to B&B with the caveat that we may change our mind based on our developing
program wrt composters and mulchers. - POSSIBLE
c. We might determine that the facility should be permitted now with a stormwater
permit (NCG21 Timber Products), but communicate that DWQ is developing our
program, and that we may alter our approach to B&B once our programmatic
approach is established. PREFERRED.
d. We might determine that the facility should be permitted now with an individual permit
based on the SIC code 287 Agricultural Products. There is no General Permit that
already covers SIC code 287. POSSIBLE
Recommendation - Select Option 5 c. above because we can develop and issue a General
Permit (Option 5.c.) much quicker than we can issue an individual permit (Option 5.d.) This
meets the DWQ objective of not delaying the DWM permitting process. And, with
accompanying caveats about our program development it allows us time to further develop a
consistent programmatic approach to like industries, without establishing B&B as a problem
precedent (feared possible outcome from Option 5.b.) Given the volatility currently
surrounding the composter/mulcher investigations, we would prefer to move cautiously. Since
B&B is receptive to a stormwater permit, this seems like a path that satisfies the DWM, the
applicants, and Central Office. Under slightly different administrative circumstances, RRO's
suggestion that an individual permit would be more appropriate would be given more weight,
and probably would be instituted.
END
kbp

Michael F. Easley, Governor
William G. Ross Jr., Secretary
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
-1
se. <
July 16, 2007
Billv Andrews and Frances Andrews
13&B Topsoil Mine Inc
1800 Hanilin Road
Durham, North Carolina
Coleen H. Sullins, Director
Division of Water Quality
Subject: General Permit No. NCG210000
B&B Topsoil Mine Inc
COC NCG210383
Durham County
Dear Mr. Andrews and Ms. Andrews:
In accordance with your application for discharge permit received on April 17, 2007, and again with
revisions on May 23, 2007, we are forwarding herewith the subject certificate of coverage to discharge under the
subject state - NPDES general permit. This permit is issued pursuant to the requirements of North Carolina
General Statute 143-215.1 and the Memorandum of Agreement between North Carolina and the US
Environmental Protection agency dated May 9, 1994 (or as subsequently amended).
If any parts, measurement frequencies, or sampling requirements contained in this permit aie unacceptable
to you, you have the right to request an individual permit by submitting an individual permit application. Unless
such demand is made, this certificate of coverage shall be final and binding.
Please take notice that this certificate of coverage is not transferable except after notice to the Division of
Water Quality. The Division of Water Quality may require modification or revocation and reissuance of the
certificate of coverage.
This permit does not affect the legal requirements to obtain other permits which may be required by the
Division of Water Quality or permits required by the Division of Land Resources, Coastal Area Management Act, or
any other federal or local governmental permit that may be required.
If you have any questions concerning this permit, please contact Ken Pickle at telephone number (919) 733-
5083 ext. 584. ,
Sincerely,
AColeen H. Sullins
cc: DWQ Raleigh Regional Office
DWQ Central Files
DWQ Stormwater Permitting Unit-,
SWU-259-011001
N''orII`++hCarolina
Ywmrnlly
North Carolina Division of Water Quality 1617 Mail Service Center Raleigh, NC 27699-1617 Phone [phone] Customer Service
Internet: www.ncwatemualirv.om Location: 512 N. Salisbury St. Raleigh, NC 27604 Fax [phone]
An Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer —50/ Recycledr101/ Post Consumer Paper

STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY
GENERAL PERMIT NO. NCG210000
CERTIFICATE OF COVERAGE No. NCG210383
STORMWATER DISCHARGES
NATIONAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM
In compliance with the provision of North Carolina General Statute 143-215.1, other lawful standards and
regulations promulgated and adopted by the North Carolina Environmental Management Commission, and the
Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended,
Billy Andrews and Frances Andrews
are hereby authorized to discharge stormwaler from a facility located at
i
B & B Topsoil Mine Inc
1800 Hamlin Road
Durham, North Carolina
Durham County
to receiving waters designated as Ellerbe Creek, a class WS-IV NSW water in the Neuse River Basin in accordance
with the effluent limitations, monitoring requirements, and other conditions set forth in Parts I, II, III, IV, V, and VI
of General Permit No. NCG210000 as attached.
This certificate of coverage shall become effective July J 6, 2007.
This Certificate of Coverage shall remain in effect for the duration of the General Permit.
Signed this day July 16, 2007.
Coleen H. Sullins, Director
Division of Water Quality
By Authority of the Environmental Management Commission

ol -
ii4l I'd 41�

B & B Top Soil Mine, Inc. - Durham, NC- FAQ
http://www.bandbtopsoilmine.com/faq.nxg
Frequently Asked Questions
t. What is the soil PI and has it been tested ?
2. What are the different blends You offer?
3. Will the soil get hard and have to be tilled or worked to keep it loose?
4. Are the soil blends screened and how much debris do thev contain ?
5. Do you carry other products other than soil blends ?
What is the soil I'll and has it been tested?
The PH runs between 6 and 7.0; it is tested periodically at the NC State Agronomic Department.
What are the different blends you offer?
R-2 This is a growing media; it contains no soil, has micro -nutrients, and can be used for any
flowers, shrubs and vegetables.
R-3 This is our standard mixed soil. It contains 501/0 soil, 45% organic matter, 5% recycled gypsum
board or flowers and vegetables. Very good all purpose soil.
R-4 This is a blend of R-2 and R-3. More micro -nutrients than R-3 blend.
R-4 This is 1/3 of R-2 and 2/3 of R-3. More micro -nutrients than R-3.
Will the soil get hard and have to be tilled or worked to keep it loose?
No, the soil will not harden with the organic materials incorporated into it. Flower beds and gardens
should be mulched to retain moisture as well.
Are the soil blends screened and how much debris do they contain?
All blends are run through an Extec Star Screener with a I inch screen. You may find a few rocks or
small wood pieces in it. Most of our soil comes from the recycling of land clearing which is a
Patented Dry Method ( no Chemicals or grinding ).
Do you carry other products other than soil blends?
Yes, we have a line of mulches that are the most requested in our area.
Site Mananer Sion In
superpages.com
I of 1 4/11/2007 2:01 PM

Re: t3&.B Mulching operation
Subject: Re: B&B Mulching operation C
From: Ken Schuster <[e-mail]>
Date: Thu 17 Jan 2002 20:01:22 -0500
To: Coleen Sullins <Coleen.Sullins a ncmail.nct>
CC: Judy Garrett <[e-mail]>, Paul Rawls <Paul.Rawl [e-mail]>, Kim Colson
<[e-mail]>, Bradley Bennett <Bradley.Bennett a ncmail.net>, Ken Averitte
<[e-mail]>, Judy Garrett <Judy.Garrett a ncmail.net>
I appreciate everyone's input on this subject mulching operation and other
similar type operations. The FRO .operation is a composting facility for which it
was required that they install a pond to collect the wastewater and then spray it
on either the composting operation or additional land. . B&B is a mulching
operation (whereas poultry litter is also added to FRO's Pioneer Southern compost
mix).
What we plan to do at this point is send a letter to B&B acknowleding receipt
of there NPDES stormwater permit application for which they have proposed level
spreaders and buffer strips. Due to the high.BOD results we are now asking that
they submit data which supports their proposal for level spreaders and buffer
strips. We are also letting them know that if we did approve these BMP's
monitoring would also be required. They also plan to move the mulching piles away
from the ponds that have been previously impacted. We will see what data they
submit to support their case. (We are also informing them that we are expecting
them to clean out and restock the Rush pond once the piles are relocated. (fyi:
the RRO computer network is going to be offline: Friday 1/18) Ken.
Coleen Sullins wrote:
Ken - I have not looked at the letter yet. However, I know that we have dealt
with this situation in FRO before (Paul, may be able to assist). With that
particular operation, it may have been more than just mulch. They also were
discharging to a pond that was completely anoxic. We made the call that the
"leachate" from the composting operation was wastewater. We required that they
eliminate the discharge and get a spray permit. Is it possible to do this at
this site?
Paul./Kim - how about getting with Ken on this one and comparing it to the one
that we permitted in FRO. Thanks Coleen
Ken Schuster wrote:
Coleen, attached is a. draft letter to B&B. I think this letter and
follow-up meeting should help to resolve the issue for now. The letter
would allow them to relocate the mulching operation so that it is away
from the ponds, and they will create sheet flow vs. a direct discharge.
The meeting will address the methodology for stream clean-up. We are
requiring twice per year monitoring. The following paragraphs are Judy's
email message which should help explain the issues. Please let me know
if you think the letter/strategy is okay or if changes are needed. I'll
also let Greg know at the time we send the letter. thks. Ken.
Judy wrote:
As you recall, we have been working with the B&B Mulching Operation.
since 6/01 when there was a fish kill in Mrs. Rush's pond downstream.'
We found that the runoff from the B&B mulching operation contained
elevated Boo levels which we believe caused depletion of the oxygen and
the fish kill in the pond. A pond on the other drainage from the
property had similar problems. Mrs. Rush's pond remains anoxic. We
subsequently wrote the company a NOV, stating that they would be
required to obtain an NPDES Permit for discharge of stormwater from the
mulching operation. The company installed sedimentation basins at the 2
major discharge points from their property eliminating the constant
1 of 2 4/11/2007 8:26 AM

Re: B&B Mulching operation
discharge from leachate coming from the piles. However, the
wastewater which contains a large amount of dissolved B005 (90mg/l or
more) is discharged during rain events.. We had a meeting with the
company and their engineers(Thompson and Associates) and the company
told us they plan to move the mulching opertion to a tract of land
across the road where the runoff does not go to either pond. The
Chatham County Planning Board approved this move pending the issuance of
a stormwater permit for this operation.
The engineers have submitted an application for a stormwater plan
for this new site which uses level spreaders, buffer strips and sheet
flow off the site. The water will enter a ditch after it is off the
facility property. Aisha Lau says that since there will be no point
source discharge, we cannot issue a stormwater permit to the facility as
proposed. She also checked with others in the Stormwater and General
Permits Unit and found that no other mulching operation has been
required to obtain a permit. In addition, she says that tKe SIC Code
supplied for the mulching operation is not included in the list of Wood
Products SIC Codes required to obtain a permit.
We know this facility has caused water quality problems in the
past. Do we want to allow them to create sheet flow from this operation
which cannot be monitored. Attached is a draft letter which tells them
they do not have to obtain a permit but that the BMPs must be
maintained. If we go with this, should we also ask them to monitor
downstream? Is this the route the Division would want us to take with
this facility? End of Judy's email
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Name: B&bstudy.per
B&bstudy.per Type: unspecified type (application/octet-stream)
Encoding: base64
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2 of 2 4/11/2007 8:26 AM

B&B'Mainw"nance - Bark Chip Storage Facility - FYI
Subject: B&B Maintenance - Bark Chip Storage Facility - FYI
From: Aisha Lau <[e-mail]>
Date: Tue, 09 Oct 2001 11:33:55 -0400
To: Bradley Bennett <[e-mail]>, Judy Garrett <[e-mail]>, Ken
Schuster <[e-mail]>
I just got off of the phone with Mike Walker, one of the consultants who
was at. the B & B meeting on September 27. He said that the zoning board
approved the move that B & B is proposing and that they are making
preparations for that move by trying to get their permitting issues
squared away.
To that end, he is preparing a NCG210000 Not for the site which he will
be mailing to me and carbon copying to the region. Their proposal is to
go with the vegetated filter strip and level spreader for their
stormwater runoff as a BMP for their SWPPP, and these plans will be
included with the application materials. I told him that I was not sure
that that was going to be the way that the site would be permitted, but
that by having the application in house a decision would be made as to
what permit best fits the site.
If there are any other materials you would like for him to submit in
order to have their new site in compliance please let me know and I'll
relay it to him. Or, you can call him at 425-2882.
Take care,
Aisha
Mailto:[e-mail]
N.C. DENR - Division of Water Quality
Stormwater and General Permits Unit
[phone] ext. 578
Have a safe and joy filled day. (^-")
Check out our website at
(http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/su/stormwater.html)
I of 1 4/11/2007 8:28 AM

Re: B&B Topsoil mine
Subject: Re: B&B Topsoil mine
From: led Lyon <[e-mail]>
Date: Thu, 12 Apr 2007 08:39:35 -0400
To: Ken Pickle <[e-mail]>
Ken Pickle wrote:
Chad,
For your meeting tomorrow - -
I've reviewed what I've been able to learn about the physical facts on this site
with Bradley Bennett. We want these folks to submit an application for our
stormwater General Permit NCG21, Timber Products. We could expect to provide a
pretty quick turn -around for such an application. I'd be glad to go over our
rationale if you think you'll need it in the meeting. I'll be glad to guide them
through the application process it's a simple three page form.
Ken
That is fine with me. They will need guidance.
Thanks
Ted
4-z4-7
1 of 1 4/13/2007 8:38 AM

s
CP,EDLE ENGINEERING COMPANY, INC
ENGINEERS/PLANNERS/SURVEYORS 204E.MARKHAMAVE DLMHAM. N.C. 27701 [phone] PH [phone] FX
REVISIONS TO PLAN DATED 02/24/07
LEGEND,
PROPERTY L.I_IV.E
HAUL RC)AD;K0UTES
EQUIPMENT ACCESS
ROUTES (changeable)
DOMESTIC WATER LINE
� �.! rill .`ice :i-r r► � � � rn..
IRRIGATION LINE`
STORMWATER CULVERT =_---
FLOODWAY LIMITS -------------
FLOOD PONDING & _
SETTLEMENT AREA
*3 to 4 inch aluminum irrigation line for DUST CONTROL and
EMERGENCY FIRE CONTROL. Pipes are in 20' lengths and can
be moved and reassembled where needed at any time.
Spray. nozzles can be located every 20' as needed.
to Durham
i HOMESTEAD AREA
WELL
Z •
REDWOOD VOLUNT R ; G�
FIRE DEPART NT m
*41
N 1 •'•• office
STOCKPILE / STAGI AREA $ `� 7,�
• For Mixing, Storing, Loa g, & Shi ping A� '
• Area for storage of soil a endment
DRAINAGE FROM OFF SITE
HARDWOOD FORESTS SURROUNDING SITE
100-YR FLOODPLAIN LINE
AS SCALED FROM FEMA #3720084300J
EFFECTIVE DATE 05/02/06
ELEV: 279'
FLOODWAY LINE
AS SCALED FROM FEMA #3720084300J
EFFECTIVE DATE 05/02/06
eiAli nl A n-rIn nin1- t-%1
v. .r .. V... MVr/VV/f.�V�
from Ellerbe Creek, during and after natural flooding events.
Waterborne sediments carried by Ellerbe Creek would otherwise go
into Falls Lake. B&B Top Soil has been recovering this valuable
recycling resource for years. B&B believes that it may be the only
soil resource recovery operation of this type in North Carolina.
OPERATIONAL CENTERMi-.inr\
1. Offices & Check IStation
• 2. Mechanics. Shop
• 3. Off -road Diesel Fuel Tank
4. Waste Management Dumpsters
. 5. Metals Recycling
• 6. Parking Area
. 7. Proposed Light Vehicle & Customer Parking
• 8. Auxiliary Parking - heavy equipment storage
Note All used hydraulic .& lubricating ails are recycled by
Safety Kleen, and are stored in 55-gallcn barrels... All new
hydraulic & lubricating oils are st-o red in Mechan.ic's Shop.
CENTRAL SCREEN LOCA-riON
(Screen/May be moved anywhere on site)
24" CONCRETE PIPE CULVERT UNDER HAUL ROAD, 5 FEET DEEP
24" DUCTILE IRON PIPE CULVERT
TREATMENT and PROCESSING
AS SCA1
LED FROIV FEMA #3720084300J I-ACILi FLOODPLAIN LINE I T now"=% dr `� L N
EFFECTIVE DATE 05/02/06
ELEV. 277'
DRY METHOD@ RECYCLING
B&B TOPSOIL MINE Inc. TM
is first Licensee, and operates this site.
LICENSING DIVISION:
B&B Organic Composts & Soils, Inc.
1800 Hamlin Road
FLOODWAY LINE Durham, North Carolina 27704
AS SCALED FROM FEMA #3720084300J
EFFECTIVE DATE 05/02/06 (919) 477 - 6328
This Plan accompanies the
Good Practice Guide 1997.
by: W. S. "Bill" Andrews Jr., Vice -President, B&B Topsoil Mine, Inc., and
Dr. A. R. Rubin, Professor, Department of Biological and Agricultural
Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh NC.
Patents: Process Patent # 5,4357819
to Falls Lake Process Patent # 5,5587694
Soil Patent # 57560,767
date: November 1997
" 1 CIHIAIRILIES IBU1RG ElR9 ASLA
2000feet Landscape Architect,Lan d Plannei-
335 Revere Road Hillsborough, N. C. 27278 (919)644-14 10

W
I/
AUTHORS
W.S. "Bill' Andrews Jr., Vice President, B&B Top Soil Mine Inc."
"Ki l]
Dr. A.R. Rubin, Professor,Department of Biological and Agricultral
Engineering, North Carolina State University,Raleigh N.C.
Visual Editing & Illustrations by George Andrews
Process Patent # 5,435,819
Process Patent # 5,558,694
Published Nov 97
Soil Patent # 5,560,767
Plant Medium Patent # 5,728,192
N.C. DEHNR APPROVED
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photcopying, without written permission by B&B
Organic Composts & Soils Inc.

Special wanks
B&B would like to recognize the following people who
contributed so much technical knowledge and support in
publishing the Good Practice Guide.
Ted Lyon : North Carolina Department of Environment, Health and
Natural Resources. Supervisor of Composting and Land Application
Branch. Division of Waste Management.
Michael Kelly : North Carolina Department of Environment, Health
and Natural Resources. Deputy Director. Division of Waste Management.
Dexter Matthews : North Carolina Department of Environment, Health
and Natural Resources. Section Chief. Division of Waste Management.
Dr. A.R. Rubin : Professer, Department of Biological and Agricultral
Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh N.C.
Co -Author of the Good Practice Guide.

Good Practice Guide
For
Practitioners
Of The
Patented Dry Method Process
The patented dry method for converting organic residues such as road and site clear-
ing debris, woody yard waste, or storm damaged trees and shrubs requires that the
active treatment cells in which the process is occurring remain as dry as possible
throughout the entire time required for the process. The dry method utilizes plant
growth over the top of the cells as an integral component of the process and some
moisture is required to support the growth of this plant material. An essential com-
ponent of the dry method is time and the cells must remain as dry as possible
throughout the process. All solid waste activities must be permitted.
This good practice guide is intended to provide licensees with a check list for oper-
ating facilities. Site specific conditions will vary from site to site and these guide-
lines are intended only to provide general operational instructions. A very critical
component of the process is the dry nature of the process and operators of sites in-
corporating the dry method into recycle and reuse efforts must make every effort to
keep cells dry and to minimize the amount of rainwater, rainfall runoff, and extra-
neous surface water entering the cells where the dry method is being used to convert
organic residues to a soil like material.
Airflow through the cells is also important in the dry method. Operators of facilities
producing soil like materials with the dry method must assure that air flow through
cells is adequate to maintain aerobic conditions throughout most of the cell mass.
Small pockets with anaerobic conditions may result in the production of foul odor
and the dry method is intended to operate without foul odor.
To adequately maintain airflow through the active cells where the dry method is
occurring, operators must not pile organic waste and debris too high , cell height
should be maintained at 40 Feet or less during the processing time for the debris to
turn to a soil like material or manufactured soil.See Figure 1, for a typical treatment
cell.
1
Figure 1, The Dry Method Treatment
Cell Under Construction.
This good practice guide is divided
into several sections. These sections
address critical components of the
dry method process.
Property of: B&B Organic Compost & Soils Inc. Page 1 of 28

The Sections in this guide include:
1. Transportation of materials to a Licensed Dry Method Facility
(Page 3.)
2. Inspection and Receipt of Materials.
Sections 2 through 7 are in accordance with
U.S. Patent # 5,435,819 ( Dry Method ) (Pages 3,4.)
3. Cell Construction usingthe he Dry Method. (Pages 5,6.)
4. Controlling Water on the site. (Pages 6,7.)
5. Removal and Harvest of Organic Matter from the Cells.
(Pages 8,9.)
6. Screening. (Page 9.)
7. Recovery and Recyling oversized Organic Particles and poorly
decomposed materials through the process. This concludes the
Dry Method Process. (Page 10.)
8. Blending Organic and Inorganic Amendments to Produce
Manufactured Soils and a Soil -Less Plant Growth Medium.
In accordance with
U.S. Patent # 5,560,767 ( Dry Method Soil )
U.S. Patent # 5,728,192 ( Plant Growth Medium )
(Pages 11,12.)
9. Onsite Storage of Manufactured soils and Plant Growth Medium.
(Pages 12,13.)
10. Preparation of Manufactured Soils for Transportation.
(Page 14.)
11. Transporting Manufactured Soils. (Page 14.)
12. Delivery of Manufactured Soils. (Pages 14,15,16.)
13. Record Keeping, Materials permitted for recyling at B&B, NCDA
waste and soil test report, fire department location.
(Pages 17,18,19,20,21,22,23.)
14. Annual Reports. (Pages 24,25.)
15. Permiting Guide Lines. & Equipment List (Pages 26,27,28.)
Page 2 of 28

1. Transportation of materials - Tree stumps, limbs, and debris from site clearing
activities are all well suited for the dry method. Vehicles transporting these materials
to sites approved for the dry method must be operated safely and in accordance with
local traffic laws. Materials used in the dry method should be inspected at the source
by drivers transporting materials to the approved sites and if the materials do not
comply with feed stocks used in the dry method, then the drivers should not trans-
port those materials to the approved site. Operators must maintain records of waste
generation and these must be maintained by the generators and practitioners. If mate-
rials that are unsuitable for the dry method are transported to an approved site, then
that unsuitable material may be rejected at the processing site by project personnel.
Materials unsuitable for the dry method which are rejected at the site must be
transported to an approved solid waste facility.
The volume of materials used in the dry method must be recorded at the origination
point. Individuals involved in the transportation of materials to sites using the dry
method must record and report the volume of material collected and transported.
2. Inspection and Receipt of Materials - Vehicles transporting materials to sites
permitted for the dry method will be inspected visually at the site by a company in-
spector. This visual inspection is required to insure that only materials suitable for
the dry method are received at the processing site and incorporated into active cells.
Materials suitable for the
Dry Method include stumps,
limbs, stump soil, and organic
debris from land clearing
activity, or any untreated
wood.
If during the visual inspection
site operators uncover materials
unsuitable for the dry method,
those materials must be trans-
ported to an approved solid
waste facility.
See Figure 2.
Figure 2: Inspection and documentation of incoming material
Property of: B&B Organic Compost & Soils Inc. Page 3 of 28

2. Inspection and Receipt of Materials (continued),Inspection at the processing
site must be accomplished by personnel designated to receive incoming materials.All
loads of debris entering the approved dry method processing site will be inspected
visually.Approved amendments such as gypsum board, sawdust may be added to
manufactured soil generated through the dry method to improve the quality of manu-
factured soils, but these amendments are generally added following decomposition
of debris and are not usually added to dry method cells.See Figure 2 for typical In-
spection and Documentation. All material entering the facility must be documented.
WORLD'S FIRST
B & B TOP SOIL MINE, INC `
OWTldcET
Patent Pending
Recydbg & Yard Fac ilty Permit ir3ZWYW
Rt. 5, Box a 1900 Hamfin Rd., Durham, NC 27704
(919) 477-M
Fax: (919) 471.W
MATERIAL DUMPED
TRUCK PRICE
0 Sturrps, Brush, Yard Waste
0 Pick-up or Small Trailer $ 7.50
Date'
Truck No.
0 Soft, Fin DER
❑ Sin Bile Axle Box Dump $15.00
❑ Concrete, Asphalt, Rode
❑ Large Single - Axle $30.00
Customer _— _ - --
0 Brick
0 Tandem - Axle $30.00
Address:
OOTHER Sheetrock
YrikAxle $35.00
❑ Total loads:
❑ Trailer up to 24 ft. $40.00
Phone:
0 Total Prim:
0 Trailer up to 30 ft. $50.00
P.O. N:
County:
0Trailer 30 A & up $60.00
Job A
OOTHER Sheetrock $M&
C.O.D. 0 Open Check lt
Cu ow Signature
Charge 0 Other ❑
Figure 3
Figure 3 is a typical receipt for incoming material.
Following visual inspection, site operations personnel will provide directions to
vehicle operators to the proper location for off loading the residue. Project per-
sonnel will insure that individual vehicle operators transport incoming materials to
the proper location for further processing through the dry method.
Property of B&B Organic Composts & Soils Inc. Page 4 of 28

3. Cell Construction using the Dry Method - The dry method for conversion of
organic residues to manufactured soil requires that operators prepare individual
cells in a manner that allows air to move through the mass freely and which does
not result in the retention of liquid in the cell. Treatment cells are constructed in
lifts that range from 8 to 12 feet high. New lifts can be placed upon lower or basal
lifts to reach a maximum cell height of
40 feet See Figure 4. When cell
heights reaches 40 feet, new material
must be diverted to new cells. Cells are
constructed from the bottom up and
from the back to the front. Once a cell
is developed, volunteer plant material
is encouraged on the cell top and face.
This active plant material develops
root systems that harbor microorgan-
isms that facilitate the decomposition
of woody wastes.
The root system which harbors microorganisms provides a suitable environment
where these organisms can degrade the woody organic material in the cell. The
plant root systems that extend into the cell are an integral component of the dry
method and operators must encourage the development of this root system in the
juvenile formed cells. Once an active stand of native volunteer floura is well es-
tablished on the cell, then time is required for the degradation reactions to occure.
Plant material will grow and develop in the cells. See Figure 5. A portion of the
plant material will consist of native annual plants. Another portion of the vegeta-
tion may consist of woody plants that develop through a process called coppice. In
this process, hardwood tree species may
actually develop from damaged plants of
that species. Coppice development is a
common occurrence with hardwoods and
this process should be encouraged in the
dry method.
' Oversize particals after screening from
cell A.
Cell A & B have completed the process.
Property of. B&B Organic Composts & Soils Inc. Page 5 of 28

3. Cell Construction usine the Dry Method (Continued). Placement of fine
wood chips into cells will retard the flow of water through the cells. An excessive
volume of wood chips will retard the formation of active cells which support the
dry method. Large volumes of wood chip or sawdust may be better suited to
compost production rather than the dry method. Operators must exercise caution
when accepting or receiving large volumes of fine wood chip or sawdust.
Materials like wood chips or sawdust that will absorb liquids and into which
liquids will wick must not be placed at or near the base of cells used in the dry
method. This accumulation of liquid at or near the base of cells will interfere
with the dry method. The placement of any material which will hold or wick
large volumes of water at or near the base of cells is not recommended. A small
volume of water is required to maintain vegetation on the site and operators of
facilities must be careful to control water.
As treatment cells are completed and formed into a final cell, a slight depression
in the cell top that will allow water to collect and supply water for plants can be
created. These slight depressions can benefit the dry method by providing moisture
to plant materials essential in the dry method.
4. Controlline Water on the site - The dry method is just that, a dry method for
converting woody wastes to manufactured soil like materials that can be used to
support plant growth. Consequently, control of water movement onto and through
the site is essential for the success of the process. Rainwater must flow freely into
and through cells used in the dry method. Large volumes of runoff water entering
sites used for the dry method must be diverted around the cells. This may be ac-
complished with drainage
ditches, swales, grassed
waterways, culverts or
other structures as required
to divert water around ac-
tive cells. Grassed water-
ways or filter strips may
require seeding - especially
on new sites. See Fieure 6
and Fieure 7 on the next
page. Sites using the Dry
Method will require a site
erosion & runoff control
plan under Treatment and
Processing Statue 300.
Property of. B&B Organic Composts & Soils Inc. Page 6 of 28

4. Controlling Water on the site - (Continued). Water must not pond or col-
lect at the base of cells for an extended period of time. The base of cells must
be dry during the warm spring, summer, and fall months when decomposition
is most rapid. In areas where winter temperatures are mild, water must be di-
verted during each season. Water interferes with the transportation of air
through the cells and aeration is critical to maintain the cells odor free.
Operators of the dry method must rely on weather predictions to schedule ac-
tivities on the site. When weather forecast indicate a high probability of rain,
then ruts, depressions, and site features that accumulate water must be
smoothed over to facilitate water movement off site and away from the base of
the cell and through appropriately designed sediment control structures.
The quality of water exiting sites using the dry method must meet local or
state mandated water quality standards. Grassed waterways, sediment control
structures, or approved water quality control structures will be required on
sites using the dry method.Grass seeding rates for waterways - when required
should be at least 40 pounds per acre to assure proper germination and
subsequent growth. These grassed waterways are particularly important
down gradient of the cells and processing areas.
Property of: B&B Organic Compost & Soils Inc. Page 7 of 28

5. Removal and Harvest of Oreanic matter from the Cells - Time is the most
critical component in the dry method. Organic residues must remain in active cells
for sufficient time for the dry method to effectively convert organic residues to a
soil like material. The time required for the dry method to break down organic
residues will vary from site to site. Climate is a critical factor in the process. In a
temperate area the process will require from 2 to 3 years to break down organic
matter. In areas where winter temperatures remain near freezing for extended pe-
riods of time then the time required to degrade organic residues will increase to as
long as 4 or 5 years or more.
Once organic matter is de-
graded adequately, the dry
woody waste can be removed
from active cells with a front
end loader.See Figure 8. Dig-
ging into cell. As product is
removed from active cells, it is
transported to a screening area
for further processing. Material
must be removed from the bot-
tom of the cell and as material
is removed, some product will
slough from upper elevations to lower elevations. As material sloughs, that material can
be removed with a loader and transported to the site where product is screened and
blended. All materials from the cells must be screened with a shaker screen such as a
Read or a star screener. See Figure 9 for typical screening operation.B & B Top Soil
Mine Inc. uses an Extec star
screener.
Screening operation seperating
fine and oversize materials.
Property of: B&B Organic Compost & Soils Inc. Page 8 of 28

. Removal and Harvest of Or-
:anic matter from the Cells -
Continued) As materials are
7emoved from cells, the constant
vehicle traffic over the area may
.esult in compaction of the soil at
he base of the cell or rutting may
xcure. The soil compaction or
sitting may result in retention of
water on the site and this water
nust be drained from the site to
allow for continued operations on the site.
See Figure 10. This shows typical leveling or scraping operations to eliminate ruts.
Once materials have been removed from any cell the area can be used for further proc-
essing of organic wastes.
6. Screening - The particle size of
recycled soil material or manufac-
tured soil must be adjusted through
screening to the proper size. As con-
ditioned material is removed from
cells with a front end loader, it is
transported to a screening area and
placed onto the screen infeed device.
Here the volume of manufactured
soil is equalized to assure proper
blending and screening. The screen-
ing device can be equipped with variable screens to produce a variety of particle sizes.
See Figure 11.
Screening is an essential step in the preparation of manufactured soil. Soil materials
consist of a variety of particles of different sizes. Particles too large will not function
effectively as growth media and for that reason, screening is required.
Property of: B&B Organic Compost & Soils Inc. Page 9 of 28

7. Recovery and Recycling of Oversized Oreanic Particles - The purpose of the
screening operation is to separate particles too large to serve as manufactured soil
from particles suitably sized for manufactured soil. Those particles removed during
the screening operation have progressed through the dry method and are well suited
for further degradation in the process. Those organic particles screened from the
manufactured soil are to be returned to an active cell for further processing by the dry
method. See Figure 12.
These recovered materials are already conditioned with the active microorganisms that
facilitate the dry method. These materials will encourage production of soil like mate-
rials from organic matter and should be recycled and reused in the process to hasten
degradation of organic wastes. See Figure 13.
Property of: B&B Organic Compost & Soils Inc. Page 10 of 28

8. Blcndiny, Organic Amendments to Produce Manufactured Soils A variety of
organic amendments can be blended to produce quality manufactured soils. The manu-
factured soil blends are developed on a volumetric basis.Various blends of manufac-
tured soil are produced by mixing specific volumes of each feed stock into a manufac-
tured soil.
The exact proportions are proprietary, but each contains a portion of the soil material
generated in the
dry method. The
manufactured soil
from the dry
method is the ba-
R-1 Soil sic ingredient in
all the manufac-
tured soil blends.
Other organic
Wood Dust _ ;. Ile' rgani
amendments such
v, as aged wood
• waste or
R-1 Soil * sawdust are mixed
Figure 14 Saw Dust 3� and blended with
the soil material
from the dry method to produce the custom blended soil specified for selected appli-
cations such as turf or garden soil, or landscape media. The amendments added to
manufactured soil must be added to produce a specific and justifiable crop benefit. No
amendment can be added in excess of plant nutrient requirements or proper soil
fertility requirements.
Those substrate or feed stock materials blended to produce soil mixes should be stock-
piled as close to the screening(blending area as possible. This is required to minimize
the time required to blend and mix the various soil amendments.
Materials permitted for use in the blending operation may create dust. A Dust Control
Proor ► may be necessary. Impact sprinklers, water trucks or immediately blending or
technics used at B&B to control dust.
Property of. B&B Organic Compost & Soils Inc. Page 11 of 28

Blending, Organic Amendments to Produce Manufactured Soils (Continued) -
The organic amendments
hat are blended to form
manufactured soils may
enter a composting phase
if not incorporated into
the manufactured soil
quickly. See Figure 15.
To avoid classification as
a compost facility, the or-
ganic amendments that
will heat and compost
must be incorporated into
the soil blends within 15
days of receipt at the manufactured soil production area. The manufacture of soil is
not a composting operation because the materials do not heat. A compost operation
may generate some leachate during the active compost operations. The dry method is
not intended to produce leachate or liquids during processing and materials that may
compost must be incorporated into soil as soon as possible to avoid problems with
lechate and liquid management. Weather permitting, all materials received on the site
for incorporation into manufactured soil must be incorporated into soil blends within
15 days of receipt on the site or prior to heating if there is potential for decomposition
and composting. The Plant Growth Medium without any soil is derived from some of
the same feed stocks and amendments. This blend produces heat in the range of 140
to 160 degrees, classified as a chemical reaction and not composting this material has
no degradation as compost does.Water is only used to control dust in dry periods and
never added to the medium when blending is occuning.This plant growth medium can
be used separately or blended with manufactured soils.
9. Onsite Storage - Once the manufactured soil is prepared to meet the specifications
of the client and the stringent standards imposed by B & B Organic Composts & Soils
Inc., then some on site storage may be necessary until the product can be delivered.
Large orders may also require some stock piling on site until sufficient volume has
accumulated to satisfy customer orders.
Property of. B&B Organic Compost & Soils Inc. Page 12 of 28

9. Onsite Storage (Continued) - Stock piling onsite requires that the area in which
the material is placed is free of trash and inert debris that will detract from the quality
of the top soil material. Surface water diversions may also be necessary to insure that
the manufactured soil material does not wash from the site with rainfall runoff. See
Figure 16.
The area designated for the stock pile must be accessible for both equipment involved
in the storage as well as
the equipment involved in
transporting the finished
product off site. The area
designated as the storage
area must be traffic able at
all times. This may re-
quire a concerted effort
from all project personnel
to identify and fill any
ruts, depressions, drainage
ways, or other landscape
features that will impact
traffic ability to and from
the manufactured soil
storage area.Areas desig-
nated for amendment storage must be kept free of standing water and the area down
slope of the storage area may require establishment of grass filter strips or other
approved alternatives to filter runoff from the site.
Manufactured soils can be stacked to any height permissible by the equipment in-
volved in the operation. Pile height is not critical following the mixing and blending
activities required in the production of the manufactured soil materials.Stockpile loca-
tions are critical and manufactured soil must be stored in areas protected against
excessive runoff,soil loss and erosion. The area must be protected with grass filter
strips and seeding may be required to establish vegetation adequately.
Property of. B&B Organic Compost & Soils Inc. Page 13 of 28

10. Preparation of Manufactured Soils for Transportation - Soil materials may dry
with time and the dryer the soil materials, the more likely the product is to blow and
create dust when transported. Very dry manufactured soils must be wetted prior to
transportation off site. If materials are to be transported through residential areas or
high traffic areas, loads may require a cover to prevent dust formation.
All vehicles transporting manufactured soils must be clean and presentable. All vehi-
cle dump beds must also be clean and free of trash and inert materials that will detract
from the quality of manufactured soils delivered to customers.
11. Transportine Manufactured Soils - Vehicle operators involved in the transpor-
tation of manufactured
soil to off site loca-
tions must observe all
traffic laws and all
vehicle operations
must be done with
reasonable and proper
caution. See Fi¢ure
17. Vehicle operators
must insure that if
covers are used to pro-
tect against dust emis-
sion, those covers re-
main in place
throughout the
transportation activity.
12. Delivery of Manufactured Soils - The customer is the most important client of
B & B Top Soil Mine Inc. and its licensees. Prior to leaving the manufactured soil
production facility, vehicle drivers or dispatchers should contact the property owner to
identify the location on the property where the manufactured soil is to be delivered.
Once on the property, vehicle operators must operate with caution and care to assure
no damage or degradation occurs on the property.
Property of: B&B Organic Compost & Soils Inc. Page 14 of 28

I&B
12. Delivery of Manufactured Soils (Continued) - Vehicle operators must assure
that the manufactured soils
are placed in the designated
location on the site. Ruts,
tire tracks, and visible dam-
age to sites or site soils must
be prevented. Vehicle opera-
tors must walk the site prior
to depositing material on a
site and if the operator feels
that the site is not traffica-
ble, then the designated re-
ceiver area must be relo-
cated or the property owner
must accept responsibility
for any site/soil damage that occurs. Vehicle operators must ask property owners
about the location of septic tanks,water lines and sewer lines before driving onto
the property. Any visible damage to plants, planters, soil, grassy areas, that results
from the improper deposition of manufactured soil on a site must be corrected.
Vehicle operators must confer with
customers regarding the specific
location of the delivery. If vehicle
operators identify areas where the
property owner wishes material
deposited that are unsuitable for
the delivery, then the vehicle op-
erator MUST inform the property
owner of the difficulty. See Figure
18 & Figure 19. If the property
owner still requests that the mate-
rial be deposited in the predeter-
mined area, then the owner ac-
cepts responsibility for that de -
Property of. B&B Organic Compost & Soils Inc. Page 15 of 28

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Record Keeping
Practitioners of the Dry Method may improve the quality of recycle soils
through mixing and blending activities. The materials mixed and blended must
be approved by State Regulatory Agency Personnel. Some of these materials
may be considered Solid Waste. Most state Solid Waste Management Agen-
cies require reports concerning solid waste products recycled and reused.
When blending these solid waste products to produce manufactured soil, each
component must be blended to enhance plant growth.
Soil from using the Dry Method and the blending of organic and inorganic
waste products is not to be confused with a disposal activity, but rather a
Beneficial Reuse Program.
The record keeping program is designed to assist practitioners with the devel-
opment and implementation of a comprehensive material balance. This mate-
rial balance will help assure that the materials received are utilized in soil
blends and exported from the site.
The form below list those materials currently permitted for blending agents
and provides a frame work for record keeping. The amounts stock piled dur-
ing winter season should balance out during the spring through fall months.
Waste
Components
Tons
Received
Tons
Shipped
Tons of
Remaining
Inventory
Months of
Remaining
Inventory
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
Sheetrock
260.50
174.80
85. 70
5.89
Saw Dust
Wood Fibers
1,571.40
1,095.92
475.48
5.21
Totals
I 1,270.72
Soil from the Dry Method will also have a record keeping system and the per-
centages of amendments that makes up the soil blends. The exact proportion of
each component in each blend is confidential and protected by U.S. Patents.
Page 17 of 28

B & B Top Soil Mine Inc. ®TM
1800 Hamlin Road
Durham, N. C. 27704
[phone]
[phone] Fax
MATERIALS FOR WHICH B&B IS CURRENTLY PERMITTED
INCLUDE
Saw dust or non -treated wood or wood wastes, wood fibers and any mill resi-
due from press board, chipboard, all ,yard waste including stumps and brush,
Note.. B&B or any of its licensees may only take waste products that B&B
has been approved for, or have a demonstration permit approved by State
Regulatory Agency Personnel. If the permit is issued to a licensee of B&B
then the licensee must notify B&B of this demonstration permit.
B&B's main objection is to use the world's most valuable overlooked and
wasted resources for recyling into valuable end products and keeping them
out of our landfills.
Page 18 of 28

Product Quality Testing - Quality Assurance/Quality Control
Manufactured soils must be developed as an acceptable media for plant
growth and development. Any manufactured soil must contain those essential
plant nutrients in the proper balance to satisfy plant nutritional needs. The
manufacture of artificial soil requires product testing by a laboratory familiar
to potential and actual customers. The North Carolina Department of Agricul-
ture, Agronomic Services Laboratory and agricultural laboratories at state
grant universities as well as commercial laboratories provide testing services
for soil materials.
A comprehensive soil testing program must be developed to assure the quality
of soil material in manufacturing facilities meet standards for essential nutri-
ents, PH, CEC, organic matter levels, and salinity. A comprehensive testing
program must assure that the volume sampled represents the volume produced
and the sampling frequency represents the variability inherent in the seasonal
production of manufactured soils.
A representative sample of manufactured soil must be collected as a composite
of material produced during a production cycle. Generally, composite samples
of material are collected from several locations within the mass of manufac-
tured soil produced and ready for marketing. A small sub -sample of material
should be collected from several locations in the mass of soil contained in a
3000 to 5000 cubic yard processing area. The small sub -samples should be
placed in a large (8 Quart) plastic bucket and mixed. From that composite, a
duplicate sample of manufactured soil should be sent to the soil testing labo-
ratory. This practice of splitting samples will help to insure that the quality of
soil material is consistent within each batch.
A sampling program should be based on the volume of soil material manufac-
tured and marketed. Ideally, a composite sample would be developed from
every 3000 to 5000 cubic yards of soil material manufactured and marketed.
This represents the amount of soil material contained in an acre of manufac-
tured soil piled to a depth of slightly over 3 feet.
Continued next page
Property of: B&B Organic Composts & Soils Inc. Page 19 of 28

A standard soil test from the North Carolina Department of Agriculture
is attached. These tests indicate the levels of humic matter, cation ex-
change capacity, base saturation, and nutrient index values for selected
essential plant nutrients. Any nutrient index value below 50 generally
indicates that the reported constituent is below the level of sufficient
for plant materials. An index value in excess of 100 indicates that the
reported constituent is present at a level considered sufficient and addi-
tion of more of that reported constituent to the manufactured soil will
not result in improved plant performance. Some constituents may actu-
ally be toxic to plant materials and index values in excess of 999 gen-
erally indicate that the reported constituent may be deleterious to plant
materials. If an index value of 999 or higher is reported, manufacturers
of artificial soil materials should consider blending the soil with high
index values with soils containing lower index values for the reference
constituent.
Quality control/quality assurance is an essential part of the soil manu-
facturing process. Test data must be collected and the results of the
testing must be reported to clients. All records concerning testing
should be maintained at the manufacturing facility for at least 5 grow-
ing seasons to assure that no adverse plant growth conditions occur as a
result of the soil manufacturing process.
Property of. B&B Organic Composts & Soils Inc. Page 20 of 28

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aste Analysis Report
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n pr.tubb• pw plants In tie eraspot what soluble sabs are wiler 90. #h rr sa 4 arc roil aaa 2M, l va W try to ! aaialsa mslalsls W :awn arubk RUtt 0 ote frtal pra2sct. V the makttd w[ be uard as s
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Page 21 of 28

%C04 Aeronda) is tNs ia(on 4300 Reedv Creek Road Bak( SC 17607.6465 919 73- S Re 'ta: 11'. S3
finLO A.B.C.CL)RP.
1'nPM1/� IiIIL I\�,I'bV Ih(
ANYWHERE
USA
-� oil
Test Report
SCRSINC Y.0 (ITIrMS
FOR OITA SO MM
Purtam faun
Aaroaomlil Gmmeats:
:lt' �L1I< {lt�Ml `'3 5.4 LN i.nY ab
f Pls l�o .M•1 -rIM ati:
Field tnformatlon
Aptslied I.Irmel
Reammendatidns
wape.So. 14s1 Crop
#to 1Y rm
Crsrpor Frdr Lime
,v "I AO .gf Ca
Za
R Ale
Ser Arir
t.4
lNCrq: Lam c
(:0lbs5-10•5orEQUIS PFXI0D0.%QFT,
'i
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vxe II 2M J D
0
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col! (lass ILsr% u41- (TC MN
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06 np 4) ?1)' 6'11 1'. �.)
416 173 174
6s
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1
Field Inrormatien
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Maple NO. last Crop
pto
or )far Lime
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1i InF::sn 55N
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4
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Test Results
WI Clam I/M% R','V CFC BS%
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Field Information
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Page 22 of 28

REDWOOD VOLUNTEER FIRE DEPARTMENT, INC.
4801 Cheek Road
Durham, North Carolina 27704
January 29, 1998
B & B Top Soil
1800 Hamlin Rd.
Durham, N.C. 27704
Dear Sir:
Redwood Volunteer Fire Department, Inc. would be the department
to provide fire suppression response to the area of 1800 Hamlin
Road in Durham County. Redwood is a part paid and part volunteer
department. Redwood has 48 trained personnel operating out of
three stations. Station 2 is about 1/4 mile from your property.
Redwood also operates emergency medical service.
Redwood is dispatched through central 911 communications center.
Please let us know if we can be of service.
Sincerely,
Nick Bryant
Fire Chief, EMT-D
Page 23 of 28

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources
Division of Solid Waste Management and Office of Waste Reduction
P.O. Box 27687 Raleigh, NC 27611
Yard Waste Processing Facility
ANNUAL REPORT
FOR THE PERIOD OF JULY 1, 1997-JUNE 30, 1998
If you have questions or require assistance in completing this report, contact your Regional Waste Management
Specialist. Completed fortes must be resumed by August 1, 1998 to your Regional Waste Management Specialist:
Mark Fry
225 Green Street, Suite 601
Fayetteville, NC 28301 [phone]
A copy of this report must be sent to the county manager of each county from which waste was received.
Name: B&B Top Soil Mine Inc.
Address: 1800 Hamlin Rd. Durham, NC 27704
Facility contact person: Frances D. Andrews
Phone number of contact person: [phone]
Date Facility Began Receiving Waste: Date Facility Expected to Close:
Tipping Fee S / Ton (attach a schedule of tipping fees if appropriate.)
1. Total yard waste received at this facility during the period of July 1. 1997 through June 30, 1998. Indicate be-
low tonnage received by county of yard waste origin. (Note: Number of cubic yards divided by 5 equals number
of tons. Also one cubic yard equals 400 lbs.)
Photocopy the table and use when waste is received from more than three counties
onth
Tons From
CountyCountyCountyTotal
Tons From
Tons From
ly
ugust
eptember
[January
ctober
ovember
ecember
February
March
April
May
June
Total
Page 24 of 28

2. Yard Waste is managed by operating;
Yard Waste Composting
El Yard Waste Mulching
❑ Other Facility operation (describe) Treatment and Processine
3. What type and quantity of yard waste was processed by your facility?
(Note: Number of cubic yards divided by 5 equals number of tons. Also, one cubic yard equals 400 Ibs)
Facility
Materials
Leaves, Grass
Limbs, Brush, Stumps(including
Mixed
pallets)
Tons
Tons
Tons
Mulch Facility
Compost Facility
Treatment & Processing
Total
4. Is the yard waste combined with other organics or nutrient sources for composting ?
Yes n No
If yes, describe what material(s) yard trash is composted with.
5. How was the final product ultimatley used ?
Check all that apply and estimate the percentages.
Given away to individual users
Given away to nursery, other professional users %
Sold - revenue received S %
Stockpiled on site %
Used by public agencies %
Total 1000/0
Other Comments
We would appreciate your comments about this report or other matters regarding solid waste man-
agement in North Carolina. Thank you for your cooperation. (attach additional sheets if needed)
This report must be sent to the Regional Waste Management Specialist for your area.
Person completing this form: Phone(
Signature:
Page 25 of 28

SECTION 15
TREATMENT AND PROCESSING FACILITY STATUE 0300
PERMITTING GUIDELINES
PRACTIONERS OF THE DRY METHOD
1. Bridee capacity and road tonnage in and out of recycline center.
2. Local Planning and Zoning Requirements
3. Water shed ordinances.
4. Sedimentation and Erosion Control Plan.
5. State Solid Waste Requirements.
6. Endangered Species
7. Wetlands.
8. Development of Approved Site Plan.
9. Facility Map.
IO.Eguipment List.
Page 26 of 28

Good 11... Iwo Guide Leeend
\umhers I through 9 iRF.D) refrence sections in she Good Practice Guide
FlgureN references pictures in the Good Practice Guide
ND
LEGEDurham
PROPERTY LINE ass--�I
HAUL ROAD ROUTES ------� _ —1
EOUIPMENTACCESS Q — j
I p\
ROUTES(Changtoodi
DOMESTIC WATER LINE REDWOOD VOLUNTWR
IRRIGATION LINE' - — FIRE DEPAR �
STORMWATER CULVERT .�
�LOOOWAY LIMITS --------_ 650A
�LOOD PONDING &
SETTLEMENT AREA [ -
1W400 skouna"w*"'a'i40�fC0NA10L «ie
PropertyBoundaries to cell
oWaovrcY F'M CCNTaoL Paso... ml.Neor
locations IL75ft
5«N'wlwaau� b IOOWI •wY A� _. ...
DRAINAGE FRs
Property Bondaries to
> -
Cell Large Czll,app.:ftl)y0 ft.�Clearing Working this otop downand from the sighUnder rerycleCell1Clearntg _
Vegetation buffers
Setdement areas
Exceed 100 Ft
HOMESTEAD AREA
OPERATIONAL CENTER
. 1. Omoea & Check Station
.2. Mach tnia Shop
• 5. Off-ro•E Diesel Fu of Tone
• a WaNe Menapemem DrarpsMs
1 a. MebTe Ryear,
6. • Pack, Area
. 7. Proposed Light Vaults. & Cuetonwn Piston,
s 8. ury Paak Fear, slota0a
ad_M usad ando tcmrwb
ArtIbn.nasaeNnonstaybl'M.Y, xxrww seataaae & IWM1aq, Na sn ,•less YI Mstlralk"s Snap
6 9 s•aaswnu.m� .onawsrous
cCu
App.100
by 100
T - Filor Taps
• Main Creek ChonnY
a aef T �r �yY6rYMtl•�realonOm•ea
\
ie�aardYaM,xweye�•IM
l
aIn PCONb•1T•�w'eaa
NFaIh LJke
'.—GWL w000awYnrralb.
sans. �w,swa.awW M �b Cwr.ab aw.Y•ao
woo ry.larr sae irp SNrar smreswa
.ryp wp•mblr• eye aww�aiwr•ybN mN
sowo
sox �.o Nm..r w«wIm a eas w «wn c.sas.
was —
Property of B&B Organic Composts & Soils Inc
Gtuul Practice Guide
I. Recch lug malarial, on the site Figure 2
2. Processing and inspections of incoming
matrrlals.PicQre 2 & d.
'in a. (struction of do method cell
Figure d & 5
a. Controlling water on the she.
Figure 6 & 7.
5, Rom.ed and harass of organic
residues from the celb.See Rgure &
Figure 9 and In.•\use all_3 locations
will blame this step when process is
completed.
6. Screening
7. geryling and reusing nszrslxed organic
residues and proof, dernmposed
maturlais through the pmress.iigvres 12
and Figure Id.• Not, all a d lucatiom
will accept this residue.
X. Blending manu6L1uretl soil with other
organic and inorganic residues to produce
custom sails. Figure Ig & Figure 15.
9. Storing manufacturud solo on site.
Flgoe 16.
TYPICAL
TREATMENT and PROCESSING
FACILITY PLAN
DRY METHOD® RECYCLING
B&B TOPSOIL MINE Inc.(l
s aru Imo. aMmw•r ass,,
LICENSING YASION:
B&B Organic Composts & Soils, Inc.
1800 Hamlin Road
Durham, North Carolina 27704
[phone]
That Plan.wwrgMYs aw
Goad Piacdca Gaddy 1997.
b w.a,trawa�a.sewsra Merr rasa: r
w ♦ a aswn,wosr ysrarar+mrresr.«
aM�aa xow trot. r ssN�b, araM NC.
Patna: Proceaa P" a 5,435,819
Process Position! a 5.558,994
Shc PWOO 5.550,767
CHARLES BURGER, ASLA
Page 27 of 28

B&B Top Soil Mine Inc TM
1800 Hamlin Road
Durham, N.C. 27704
[phone]
[phone] - Fax
EQUIPMENT LIST
RESOURCE RECOVERY
1 - Extec Star Screener
1 - 920 Cat Loader
1 - 963 Cat Loader
1 - Irrigation Pump
1 - 1990 Kenworth dump truck
DELIVERY TRUCKS
FOR RECOVERED RECYCLED MATERIALS
1 - 1989 Kenworth Quad Axle Dumptruck
1 - 1976 GMC 6500 Single- axle Dumptruck
1 - 1976 Chevrolet C-65 Single -axle Dumptruck
1 - 2006 Chevrolet Single Axle Dump Truck
Page 28 of 28