20010587 Ver 1_COMPLETE FILE_20010417

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tE 10 April 16, 2001

40'1 ISSU L?
®I0587

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To: John Thomas, US Army Corps of Engineers
Todd St. John, NC Division of Water Quality
Ron Linville, NC Wildlife Resources Commission
Richard Everhart, Natural Resources Conservation Service
From: Will Harman, Buck Engineering ! i
Re: Permit application for the South Fork Mitchell River, Woods Reach
Stream Restoration Project
Please find enclosed a Pre-Construction Notification Application and a stream restoration
design for the South Fork Mitchell River, Woods Reach. The project is located in Surry
County. The purpose of the project is to restore the dimension, pattern, and profile of 830
feet of the South Fork Mitchell River. The project meets the DWQ definition of
stream restoration and therefore a permitting fee has not been included with this
package. The project is funded by the NC Clean Water Management Trust fund through
a grant to the Surry Soil and Water Conservation District. is is not a stream
project.
If you have general project questions, please call Dick Everhart at [phone] x 3. If
you have questions about the design, please contact Will Harman at [phone] x
205.
Enclosure
1152 Executive Circle, Suite 100 • Cary, North Carolina 27511
Phone: [phone] • Fax: [phone]

DEM ID: CORPS ACTION ID:
NATIONWIDE PERMIT REQUESTED (PROVIDE NATIONWIDE PERMIT
#): 27
PRE-CONSTRUCTION NOTIFICATION APPLICATION
FOR NATIONWIDE PERMITS THAT REQUIRE:
1) NOTIFICATION TO THE CORPS OF ENGINEERS
2) APPLICATION FOR SECTION 401 CERTIFICATION
3) COORDINATION WITH THE NC DIVISION OF COASTAL MANAGEMENT
SEND THE ORIGINAL AND (1) COPY OF THIS COMPLETED FORM TO THE
APPROPRIATE FIELD OFFICE OF THE CORPS OF ENGINEERS (SEE
AGENCY ADDRESSES SHEET). SEVEN (7) COPIES SHOULD BE SENT TO
THE N.C. DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (SEE AGENCY
ADDRESSES SHEET). PLEASE PRINT.
1. OWNERS NAME: Boyd Woods
2. MAILING ADDRESS: 456 Liberty School Road -
UBDIVISION NAME:
CITY: State Road STATE: NC ZIP CODE: 28676
PROJECT LOCATION ADDRESS, INCLUDING SUBDIVISION NAME (IF
DIFFERENT FROM MAILING ADDRESS ABOVE):
3. TELEPHONE NUMBER (HOME): 336-874-2401 (WORK): N /a_
4. IF APPLICABLE: AGENT'S NAME OR RESPONSIBLE CORPORATE
OFFICIAL,ADDRESS, PHONE NUMBER: Dick Everhart, Natural
Resources Conservation Service, P.O. Box 218, Dobson, NC
5. LOCATION OF WORK (PROVIDE A MAP, PREFERABLY A COPY OF
USGS TOPOGRAPHIC MAP OR AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY WITH SCALE):
COUNTY: Surry NEAREST TOWN OR CITY: Elkin
See Enclosed Report
i
SPECIFIC LOCATION (INCLUDE ROAD NUMBERS, LANDMARKS, ETC.)
See Enclosed Map
6. IMPACTED OR NEAREST STREAM/RIVER: South Fork Mitchell
RIVER BASIN:
7a. IS PROJECT LOCATED NEAR WATER CLASSIFIED AS TROUT,
SALTWATER(SA), HIGH QUALITY WATERS (HQW), OUTSTANDING
RESOURCE WATERS (ORW) , WATER SUPPLY (WS - I OR WS - I I) ? YES [ ]
IF YES, EXPLAIN:
7b. IF THE PROJECT IS LOCATED WITHIN A NORTH CAROLINA DIVISION OF
COASTAL MANAGEMENT ARE OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN (AEC)? YES [ ) NO [ ]
7c. IF THE PROJECT IS LOCATED WITHIN A COASTAL COUNTY (SEE PAGE 7 FOR
LIST OF COASTAL COUNTIES), WHAT IS THE LAND USE PLAN (LUP) DESIGNATION:
Ba. HAVE ANY SECTION 404 PERMITS BEEN PREVIOUSLY REQUESTED FOR USE ON
THIS PROPERTY? YES [ ] NO [X] IF YES, PROVIDE ACTION I.D. NUMBER OF
PREVIOUS PERMIT AND ANY ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (INCLUDE PHOTOCOPY OF 401
CERTIFICATION):
8b. ARE ADDITIONAL PERMIT REQUESTS EXPECTED FOR THIS PROPERTY IN THE
FUTURE? YES [ ] NO [X] IF YES, DESCRIBE ANTICIPATED WORK:
9A. ESTIMATED TOTAL NUMBER OF ACRES IN TRACT OF LAND: 112
9B. ESTIMATED TOTAL NUMBER OF ACRES OF WETLANDS LOCATED ON PROJECT SITE:
10A. NUMBER OF ACRES OF WETLANDS IMPACTED BY THE PROPOSED PROJECT BY:
FILLING: 0 EXCAVATION: 0

FLOODING: 0 OTHER: 0

DRAINAGE: 0 TOTAL ACRES TO BE IMPACTED: 0
TIDAL
NO [X]
2
M
10B. (1) STREAM CHANNEL TO BE IMPACTED BY THE PROPOSED PROJECT (IF
RELOCATED, PROVIDE DISTANCE BOTH BEFORE AND AFTER RELOCATION):
LENGTH BEFORE: 900 FT AFTER: 870 FT
WIDTH BEFORE (based on normal high water contours): 40-70 FT
WIDTH AFTER: 45 FT
AVERAGE DEPTH BEFORE: 2.8-4.6 FT AFTER: 3.9 FT
(2) STREAM CHANNEL IMPACTS WILL RESULT FROM: (CHECK ALL THAT APPLY)
OPEN CHANNEL RELOCATION: X PLACEMENT OF PIPE IN CHANNEL:
CHANNEL ELEVATION: CONSTRUCTION OF A DAM/FLOODING:
OTHER:
11. IF CONSTRUCTION OF A POND IS PROPOSED, WHAT IS THE SIZE OF THE
WATERSHED DRAINING TO THE POND? N/a
WHAT IS THE EXPECTED POND SURFACE AREA? N/a
12. DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED WORK INCLUDING DISCUSSION OF TYPE OF
MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT TO BE USED (ATTACH PLANS: 8%11 x 11" DRAWINGS ONLY):
See enclosed report
13. PURPOSE OF PROPOSED WORK: See enclosed report
14. STATE REASONS WHY IT IS BELIEVED THAT THIS ACTIVITY MUST BE CARRIED
OUT IN WETLANDS. (INCLUDE ANY MEASURES TAKEN TO MINIMIZE WETLAND
IMPACTS):
See enclosed report
3

16. DOES THE PROJECT INVOLVE AN EXPENDITURE OF PUBLIC FUNDS OR THE USE
OF PUBLIC(STATE) LAND? YES [X) NO [ ] (IF NO, GO TO 18)
a. IF YES, DOES THE PROJECT REQUIRE PREPARATION OF AN ENVIRONMENTAL
DOCUMENT PURSUANT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT?
YES [ ) NO [X)
b. IF YES, HAS THE DOCUMENT BEEN REVIEWED THROUGH THE NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF ADMINISTRATION STATE CLEARINGHOUSE? YES [ ) NO [ ]
IF ANSWER TO 17b IS YES, THEN SUBMIT APPROPRIATE DOCUMENTATION FROM THE
STATE CLEARINGHOUSE TO DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT REGARDING
COMPLIANCE WITH THE NORTH CAROLINA ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT.
QUESTIONS REGARDING THE STATE CLEARINGHOUSE REVIEW PROCESS SHOULD BE
DIRECTED TO MS. CHRYS BAGGETT, DIRECTOR STATE CLEARINGHOUSE, NORTH
CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF ADMINISTRATION, 1302 Marl Service Center,
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27699-1302, TELEPHONE [phone].
17. THE FOLLOWING ITEMS SHOULD BE INCLUDED WITH THIS APPLICATION IF
PROPOSED ACTIVITY INVOLVES THE DISCHARGE OF EXCAVATED OR FILL MATERIAL
INTO WETLANDS: a. WETLAND DELINEATION MAP SHOWING ALL WETLANDS, STREAMS,
LAKES AND PONDS ON THE PROPERTY (FOR NATIONWIDE PERMIT NUMBERS 14, 18,
21, 26, 29, AND 38). ALL STREAMS (INTERMITTENT AND PERMANENT) ON THE
PROPERTY MUST BE SHOWN ON THE MAP. MAP SCALES SHOULD BE 1 INCH EQUALS 50
FEET OR 1 INCH EQUALS 100 FEET OR THEIR EQUIVALENT.
b. IF AVAILABLE, REPRESENTATIVE PHOTOGRAPH OF WETLANDS TO BE IMPACTED BY
PROJECT.
c. IF DELINEATION WAS PERFORMED BY A CONSULTANT, INCLUDE ALL DATA SHEETS
RELEVANT TO THIS PLACEMENT OF THE DELINEATION LINE.
d. ATTACH A COPY OF THE STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN IF REQUIRED.
e. WHAT IS LAND USE OF SURROUNDING PROPERTY? Agricultural
I- IF APPLICABLE, WHAT IS PROPOSED METHOD OF SEWAGE DISPOSAL?
g. SIGNED AND DATED BY AGENT AUTHORIZATION LETTER, IF APPLICABLE.
WETLANDS OR WATERS OF THE U.S. MAY NOT BE IMPACTED PRIOR TO.
1) ISSUANCE OF A SECTION 404 CORPS OF ENGINEERS PERMIT, AND
2) EITHER THE ISSUANCE OR WAIVER OF A 401 DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT (WATER QUALITY) CERTIFICATION.
A - '-, I v a 11) 6-0'? .fA '0
O S/ GENT'S SIGNATURE DATE ATE
(A 'S SIGNATURE VALID ONLY
IF AUTHORIZATION LETTER FROM
THE OWNER IS PROVIDED (18G.))
4
Michael F. Easley
Governor
William G. Ross, Jr., Secretary
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Kerr T. Stevens
Division of Water Quality
May 10, 2001
DWQ# 01-0587
Surry County
Boyd Woods
4561-iberty School Road
State Road, NC 28676
APPROVAL of 401 Water Quality Certification
Dear Mr. Woods:
You have our approval, in accordance with the attached conditions, to construct the South Fork Mitchell River Stream
Restoration project on your property in Surry County, as described in your application received by the Division of Water
Quality on April 17, 2001. After reviewing your application, we have determined that this work is covered by General Water
Quality Certification Number 3256. This Certification allows you to use Nationwide Permit Number 27 when it is issued by
the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. In addition, you should get any other federal, state or local permits before you go ahead
with your project including (but not limited to) Sediment and Erosion Control, Non-Discharge and Water Supply Watershed
regulations. Also this approval will expire when the accompanying 404 permit expires unless otherwise specified in the
General Certification.
This approval is only valid for the purpose and design that you described in your application. If you change your
project, you must notify us and you may be required to send us a new application for a new certification. If the property is
sold, the new owner must be given a copy of the Certification and approval letter and is thereby responsible for complying
with all conditions. If total wetland fills for this project (now or in the future) exceed one acre, compensatory mitigation may
be required as described in 15A NCAC 2H .0506 (h). For this approval to be valid, you must follow the conditions listed in
the attached certification as well as the additional condition described below:
If you do not accept any of the conditions of this certification, you may ask for an adjudicatory hearing. You must act
within 60 days of the date that you receive this letter. To ask for a hearing, send a written petition which conforms to
Chapter 150B of the North Carolina General Statutes to the Office of Administrative Hearings, P.O. Box 27447, Raleigh,
N.C. 27611-7447. This certification and its conditions are final and binding unless you ask for a hearing.
This letter completes the review of the Division of Water Quality under Section 401 of the Clean Water Act. If you have
any questions, please telephone John Dorney at 919-733-9646.
Sin;erely,
Wrr. Stevens
Attachment
cc: Corps of Engineers Raleigh Field Office
Winston-Salem DWQ Regional Office
Central Files
File Copy
Will Harman; Burk Engineering, 1152 Executive Circle, Ste 100, Cary NC 27511
North Carolina Division of Water Quality, 401 Wetlands Certification Unit,
1650 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1650 (Mailing Address)
2321 Crabtree Blvd., Raleigh, NC 27604-2260 (Location)
South Fork Mitchell River
Stream Restoration Plan
Boyd Woods Reach
0
Prepared For:
Surry Soil and Water Conservation District
1152 Executive Circle
Suite 100
Cary, NC 27511
April 2001
South Fork Mitchell River
Stream Restoration Plan
Boyd Woods Reach
Prepared For:
Surry Soil and Water Conservation District
April 2001
Design Report Prepared By Buck Engineering PC:
; ?IA, §
William A. Harman
Principal Hydrologist ??n?
es A. Buck, P.E.
Icipal Engineer
Buck Engineering PC
N CAR
0004008. 0Z ••
LESS
SEAL
20335
A* SO
South Fork Mitchell River
Boyd Woods Reach

TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................... ...........................................................
LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................. .......................................................... ii
LIST OF TABLES ................................................................ .......................................................... ii
APPENDIXES ...................................................................... .......................................................... ii
INTRODUCTION AND GOALS ........................................ .......................................................... 1
EXISTING CONDITION ..................................................... .......................................................... 1
BANKFUI,L VERIFICATION ............................................ .......................................................... 5
REFERENCE REACH ANALYSES ................................... .......................................................... 5
NATURAL CHANNEL DESIGN ........................................ .......................................................... 6
Channel Design ................................................................. .......................................................... 6
Riparian Vegetation .......................................................... .......................................................... 6
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT .................................................. .......................................................... 6
Buck Engineering PC i South Fork Mitchell River
Boyd Woods Reach
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Project Location Map ............................................................................ 2
Figure 2: South Fork Mitchell, Boyd Woods Reach Watershed Map .................................. 3
Figure 3: Existing Reach Plan View, Boyd Woods Reach ............................................... 4
Figure 4: Severe Streambank Erosion along Outside Meander Bend .................................. 1
Figure 5: South Fork Mitchell River at Boyd Woods Reach, Bankf ull Cross Sectional Area
Points Overlaid with the Piedmont Regional Curve ............................................ 5
Figure 6: Design Reach Plan View, Boyd Woods Reach ................................................ 6
Figure 7: Substrate Analysis for Boyd Woods Reach ................................................... 9
Figure 8: Shields Curve .................................................................................... 10
LIST OF TABLES
'fable 1: Shear Stress Analysis .............................................................................10
APPENDIXES
Appendix 1: Existing Condition Survey (Longitudinal Profile and Cumulative Frequency Curves
for Pebble Counts)
Appendix 2: Natural Channel Design
Appendix 3: Instream Structures
Appendix 4: Permanent Seeding Specifications
Buck FIngineering PC ii South Fork Mitchell River
Boyd Woods Reach
South Fork Mitchell River
Stream Restoration Plan
Boyd Woods Reach
INTRODUCTION AND GOALS
The project site is an 830 It reach located in the headwaters of the South Fork Mitchell River
Watershed, Surry County and is shown in Figure 1. The watershed drainage area is 17 mil and is
shown in Figure 2. The goals of this project are to: 1) improve water quality and aquatic habitat
in the South Fork Mitchell River by reducing sedimentation, 2) improve stream stability, and 3)
improve riparian and floodplain functionality. These goals will be met by implementing a natural
channel design that restores the channel's dimension, pattern and profile to a natural, stable form.
EXISTING CONDITION
The project reach is located on the main stem of the South Fork Mitchell River and is owned by
Boyd Woods. The existing project length is 830 feet and includes both sides ofthe stream. The
Boyd Woods Reach is located in a wide alluvial valley several miles from the Blue Ridge
escarpment. The stream channel has been straightened and moved to the edge of the valley to
maximize agricultural production. The hillslope is located beyond the right streambank and is
well vegetated. The majority of the alluvial valley and floodprone area is located above the left
streambank and extends 500 feet to the next hillslope.
The existing plan view is shown in figure 3. The left bank meander bend has a radius of
curvature that is much lower than stable streams. In addition, the left streambank has a bank
height ratio of 1.5 a steep bank angle, and no riparian vegetation. 'these conditions have resulted
in extreme rates ol'streambank erosion as shown in Figure 4.
Figure 4: Severe streambank erosion
along the outside meander bend, left
streambank.
Buck Frigineering PC 1 South Fork Mitchell River
Boyd Woods Reach
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Project Location
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Figure 1
Project Location Map
Surry Soil and Water Conservation District
Surry County, North Carolina
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Figure 2
ee Watershed Delineation Map
Surry Soil and Water Conservation District
Surry County, North Carolina
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The existing condition longitudinal profile and grain size cumulative frequency curve are shown
in Appendix 1 (The cross sections are in Appendix 2 with the design). The longitudinal profile
shows two deep pools located along the outside of two meander bends. However, the spacing of
the riffle/pool sequence is shorter than most stable stream reaches surveyed in piedmont and
mountain valleys. Furthermore, the extreme bank erosion through this reach has caused the
gravels and cobbles to become embedded and in some cases buried in silt and sand. This is
demonstrated on the substrate cumulative frequency curve in Appendix 1, which shows the D50
as sand. Once this reach is stabilized, the streambed should coarsen back to gravel sizes.
BANKFULL VERIFICATION
The bankfull indicators included the upper break in slope and the upper scour line. The cross
sectional areas measured in the field are shown on Figure 5 overlaid with NC Piedmont Regional
Curve. The bankfull in(4icators at the Boyd Woods reach match well with the Regional Curve.
Figure 5: South Fork Mitchell River at Boyd Woods Reach, Bankfull Cross Sectional Area
Points Overlaid with the Piedmont Regional Curve
NC Rural Piedmont Regional Curve
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R2 = 0.95
REFERENCE REACH ANALYSES
Basin Creek was selected as the reference reach for this project because of its close proximity to
and similar stream type. Basin Creek is also located along the Blue Ridge escarpment and is the
Buck Engineering PC 5 South Fork Mitchell River
Boyd Woods Reach
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headwaters of the Yadkin River. The USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, the NC
Stream Restoration Institute and graduate students in the Department of Biological and
Agricultural Engineering conducted three separate reference reach surveys. The reference reach
values and ratios are shown on the design table in Appendix 2.
NATURAL CHANNEL DESIGN
Channel Design
The plan view of the natural channel design is shown in Figure 6. The design parameters are
shown in Appendix 2. The major component of the design is the re-construction of the meander
geometry. As shown on Figure 5, the meander length, riffle/pool spacing and radius of curvature
are being increased. Cross vanes, J-hook vanes, boulder clusters, and root wads will be used to
provide grade control, stabilize the streambanks, and improve aquatic habitats. The converging
roller eddy and boulder clusters will be used to increases flow convergences and divergences and
provide a diversity of instream habitats. In addition, these structures will transport the fines
through the reach and maintain a coarse bottom. The root wad cover log structure will protect the
apex of the meander bend (root wads) and provide fish cover (cover log) over the scour pool
formed by the upstream J-hook vane.
Riparian Vegetation
A 20 ft riparian buffer will be established from the top of the streambank. All small native trees
removed from the new channel location will be transplanted along the bankfull bench. Live
cuttings of silky dogwood will be staked along the constructed meander bend. A combination of
native herbaceous and woody vegetation will be established in the riparian buffer. Permanent
seeding will include, but not be limited to, switch grass (Panicum virgatum), deer-tongue grass
(Panicum clandestinum), soft rush (Juncus effusus), sedge (Carex spp.), and bulrush (Scirpus
spp.). Trees and shrubs that may be used include, but not limited to, persimmon (Diospyros
virginiana), sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), river birch (Betula nigra), sweet birch (Betula
lenta), silverbell (Halesia caroliniana), spicebush (Lindera benzoin), alder (Alnus serrulata), and
pawpaw (Asimina triloba). Temporary vegetation for erosion control will include annual rye
(cool season) or millet (warm season) depending on the construction schedule. The buffer along
the right bank will be maintained in its current condition. Refer to Appendix 3 for details on
planting specifications.
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT
A stable stream has the capacity to move its sediment load without aggrading or degrading over
time. The total load of sediment can be divided into bedload and suspended load. Suspended load
is normally composed of fine sand, silt and clay particles transported in the water column.
Bedload is transported by rolling, sliding, or hopping (saltating) along the bed.
Buck Engineering PC 6 South Fork Mitchell River
Boyd Woods Reach
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The movement of sediment particles depends on the energy of the stream and their physical
properties. Grain size has a direct influence on the mobility of a given particle. Critical
dimensionless shear stress (i*c;) is a measure of the force required to move a given size particle
resting on the channel bed. It can be calculated for a gravel-bed stream using a surface and
subsurface particle sample from a representative riffle in the reach.
-0.872
T *Cr = 0.0834 d' [Equation 11
d50
Where, i*1; = critical dimensionless shear stress
d; = median particle size of riffle bed surface (mm)
d50 = median particle size of subsurface sample (mm)
Critical dimensionless shear stress can then be used in the following equation to predict the
minimum water depth required to move the d84 of the pavement sample. The water depth is
calculated by:
1.651 * . d84?.,,h
Dcr = [Equation 2]
s
Where, Der = water depth (ft)
T*?; = critical dimensionless shear stress
d84s,,b = d84 of subpavement sample (ft)
s = average channel slope (ft/ft)
Critical dimensionless shear stress was calculated for the Boyd Woods Reach on a pavement/
subpavement analysis conducted in the riffle upstream of the eroding meander bend. The d50 of
the pavement sample was 40 mm, and d50 for the subpavement was 9 mm (Figure 7). Using
Equation 1, the critical dimensionless shear stress was calculated and is shown in Table 1.
To find the depth of water necessary to move the d84 of the pavement sample, Equation 2 was
used. A critical design depth of 3.7 ft was calculated. This means that at a water depth of 3.7 ft in
the design channel, particles up to 6mm in size would be mobile. The mean bankfull depth for
the proposed restoration design is 3.9 ft. Therefore, the design channels would be able to
transport the materials without aggr-N 'ng over time.
Buck Engineering PC 8 South Fork Mitchell River
Boyd Woods Reach
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Figure 7: Substrate Analysis for Boyd Woods Branch. (Sample collected from a stable riffle).
South Fork Mitchell River Woods Reach
Pavement Vs SubPavement Analysis
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--- --- -- -
f Pavement -41- Sub Pavemen-t
As a check, boundary shear stress was calculated for the design dimension and compared with
Shields Curve. The shear stress placed on the sediment particles is the force that entrains and
moves the particles, given by:
i = yRs [Equation 3]
Where, i = shear stress (lb/ft)
Y = specific gravity of water (62.4 lb/ft3)
R = hydraulic radius (ft)
s = average channel slope (ft/ft)
If the shear stress is determined from the Shield's diagram to move a particle size that is
significantly larger or smaller than the d84 of the pavement sample, then the sinuosity may need
to be increased or decreased respectively, in order to adjust the average channel slope, thus
adjusting the shear stress. Boundary shear stress was calculated for the design using Equation 3,
and equaled 0.42 Ibs/ftz.
Buck Engineering PC 9 South Fork Mitchell River
Boyd Woods Reach
From Shields diagram (Figure 8), this shear stress value would be able to move a particle size of
25 mm. Since this value is lower than the grain size transported by the critical shear stress, the
stream should not degrade.
Tahle 1 - Shear Stress Analvsis
Shear Stress Analysis Existing Design
ankfull Xsec Area, Abkf (sq ft) 187 180
ankfull Width, Wbkf (ft) 40 46
Bankfull Mean Depth, Dbkf (ft) 4.7 3.9
Wetted Perimeter, WP=W+2D (ft) 49.4 53.8
Hydraulic Radius, R (ft) 3.8 3.3
Schan (ft/ft) 0.0024 0.0020
Boundary Shear Stress, r (lb/sq ft) 0.57 0.42
84 (mm) 85 85
50 rif bed (mm) 40 40
50 (mm) 9 9
ci 0.0227 0.0227
bar large (mm) 60 60
bar large (ft) 0.20 0.20
Dcrit (ft) 3.1 3.7
Figure 8. Shield's Curve
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Buck Engineering PC
0.01 0.1 1 10
Critical Shear Stress (lbs/sgft)
10 South Fork Mitchell River
Boyd Woods Reach
APPENDIX 1
EXISTING CONDITION SURVEY
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NATURAL CHANNEL DESIGN
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INSTREAM STRUCTURES
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APPENDIX 4
PERMANENT SEEDING SPECIFICATIONS

Permanent Seeding Specifications
Permanent seeding will be used in combination with woody plantings for riparian areas along the
right bank and extending to bankfull elevation along the restored reach. Permanent seeding will
occur in conjunction with temporary seeding where applicable. This mixture will also be used in
any terrestrial (areas not inundated) riparian area that has been disturbed by construction, is
designated as wetland and/or riparian enhancement. This mixture shall be planted in late fall in
combination with the temporary seeding operation and woody plant installations. Seeding
should be done evenly over the area using a mechanical or hand seeder. A drag should be used
to cover the seed with no more than '/2 inch of soils. Where a drag cannot safely be utilized, the
seed should be covered by hand raking.
Seedbed Preparation
On sites where equipment can be operated safely, the seedbed shall be adequately loosened.
Disking may be needed in areas where soil is compacted. Steep banks my require roughening,
either by hand scarifying or by equipment, depending on site conditions. If seeding is done
immediately following construction, seedbed preparation may not be required except on
compacted, polished or freshly cut areas. If permanent seeding is performed in conjunction with
temporary seeding, seedbed preparation only needs to be executed once.
Fertilizing/Liming
Areas fertilized for temporary seeding shall be sufficiently fertilized for permanent seeding;
additional fertilizer is not required for permanent seeding.
Seeding
A riparian seed mix at the rate of 1/4 lb per 1,000 sq ft or 10 lbs per acre shall be used for seeding.
The following table lists herbaceous, permanent seed mixture labeled "riparian seed mix"
Common Name Scientific Name %
Rice Cut Grass Leersia or zoides 10
Soft Rush Juncus effusus 10
Deerton ue Panicum clandestinum 10
Switcligrass Panicum vir alum 5
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Jack- in-the-Pul it Arisaema triphyllum 5
Ironweed Vernonia novehoracensis 5
Three-square Bulrush Scir us ansericanus 5
Woolgrass Scir us cyperinus 5
Woolgrass Scir us cy erinus 5
Virginia Wild e Elymus vir inicus 5
Sensitive Fern Onoclea sensibilis 5
Ho Sedge Carex lu ilina 5
Fox Sedge Carex vul inoidea 5
Swam Sunflower Helianthus an usti olius 5
Joe P ye Weed Eu atorium tstulosum 5
Cinnamon Fern Osmunda cinnamomea 5
Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardinalis 5
Witch-hazel Hamamelis vir iniana 5
WOODY VEGETATION PLANTINGS
SCOPE
Woody vegetation, including live stakes, transplants, and bare root vegetation shall be used in all
areas designated as "Floodplain Restoration Area". The work covered in this section consists of
furnishing, installing, maintaining, and replacing vegetation as shown in the plans or in locations
as directed by Engineer/Project Manager.
LIVE STAKING
Live stake materials should be dormant and gathered locally or purchased from a reputable
commercial supplier. Stakes should by '/z to 2 inches in diameter, 2 to 3 feet in length, and living
based on the presence of young buds and green bark. Stakes shall be angled on the bottom and
cut flush on the top with buds oriented upwards. All side branches shall be cleanly trimmed so
the cutting is one single stem. Stakes should be kept cool and moist to improve survival and to
maintain dormancy.
Live staking plant material shall consist of a random assortment of materials selected from the
following:
Silky Dogwood (Cornus amomum)
Black Willow (Salix nigra)
Silky Willow (Salix sericea)
Elderberry (Sambucus canadensis)
Other species may be substituted upon approval of Engineer/Project Manager.
Planting shall take place in early Spring. Stakes should be installed randomly 2 to 3 feet apart
using triangular spacing or at a density of 160 to 360 stakes per 1,000 sq ft along the stream
banks above bankfull elevation. Site variations may require slightly different spacing. Stakes
shall be driven into the ground using a rubber hammer or by creating a hole and slipping the

stake into it. The stakes should be tamped in at a right angle to the slope with 4/5 of the stake
installed below the ground surface. At least two buds (lateral and/or terminal) shall remain
above the ground surface. The soils shall be firmly packed around the hole after installations.
Split stakes shall not be installed. Stakes that split during installations shall be replaced.
BARE ROOT VEGETATION
Bare root vegetation to be planted along both sides of the new channel stream banks above
bankfull elevation and in the floodplain restoration area shall consist of a random assortment of
shrub and tree species including, but not limited to the following:
Common Name Scientific Name
S camore Platanus occidentalis
Black walnut Ju lans ni a
Black cherry Prunus serotina
Silverbell Halesia carolina
Persimmon Dios ros vir iniana
Black um N ssa sylvatica
Witch-hazel Hamamelis vir iniana
S icebush Lindera bmzoin
Ta alder Alnus serrulata
Planting shall take place in early Spring. Immediately following delivery to the project site, all
plants with bare roots, if not promptly planted, shall be heeled-in in constantly moist soil or
sawdust in an acceptable manner corresponding to generally accepted horticultural practices.
While plants with bare roots are being transported to and from heeling-in beds, or are being
distributed in planting beds, or are awaiting planting after distribution, the contractor shall
protect the plants from drying out by means of wet canvas, burlap, or straw, or by other means
acceptable to Engineer/Project Manager and appropriate to weather conditions and the length of
time the roots will remain out of the ground.

Soil in the area of shrub and tree plantings shall be loosened to a depth of at least 5 inches. This
is necessary only on compacted soil. Bare root vegetation may be planted in hole made by a
mattock, dibble, planting bar, or other means approved by Engineer/Project Manager. Rootstock
shall be planted in a vertical position with the root collar approximately '/z inch below the soil
surface. The planting trench or hole shall be deep and wide enough to permit the roots to spread
out and down without J-rooting. The plant stem shall remain upright. Soil shall be replaced
around the transplanted vegetation and tamped around the shrub or tree firmly to eliminate air
pockets.

The following spacing guidelines of rooted shrubs and trees are provided in the following table.
Type Spacing # Per 1,000 s ft
Shrubs (<10 ft tall) 3 to 6 ft 25 to 110
Shrubs and trees (10-25 ft) 6 to 8 ft 15 to 25
Trees (>25 ft tall) 8 to 15 ft 4 to 15
SHRUB AND TREE TRANSPLANTS
Shrub and trees less than 3 inches in diameter shall be salvaged onsite in areas designated for
construction, access areas, and other sites that will necessarily be disturbed. Vegetation to be
transplanted will be identified by the Engineer/ Project Manager personnel. Transplanted
vegetation shall carefully be excavated with rootballs and surrounding soil remaining intact.
Care shall be given not to rip limbs or bark from the shrub and tree transplants. Vegetation
should be transplanted immediately, if possible. Otherwise, transplanted vegetation shall be
carefully transported to designated stockpile areas and heeled-in in constantly moist soil or
sawdust in an acceptable manner appropriate to weather or seasonal conditions. The solidity of
the plants shall be carefully preserved.
Installation of shrub and tree transplants shall be located in designated areas along the stream
bank above bankfull elevation or in floodplain restoration areas as directed by Engineer/Project
Manager. Soil in the area of vegetation transplants shall be loosened to a depth of at least 1 foot.
This is only necessary on compacted soil. Transplants shall be replanted to the same depth as
they were originally growing. The planting trench or hole shall be deep and wide enough to
permit the roots to spread out and down without J-rooting. The plant stem shall remain upright.
Soil shall be replaced around the transplanted vegetation and tamped around the shrub or tree
firmly to eliminate air pockets.
v'
North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission K]
Charles R. Pullwood, Executive Director
MEMORANDUM 401 ISSUED
TO: John Thomas, Permit Coordinator
Raleigh Office, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
FROM: Ron Linville, Regional Coordinator
Habitat Conservation Program
DATE: March 7, 2001
SUBJECT: Review of an application by Buck Engineering, South Fork Mitchell River,
Brendle Reach Stream Restoration Project, Surry County
The applicant is requesting a letter of concurrence from the North Carolina Wildlife
Resources Commission (NCWRC) to obtain a 404 permit from the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers to restore 1,100 feet of the South Fork Mitchell River. The NCWRC has reviewed
information provided by the applicant, and field biologists on our staff are familiar with habitat
values of the project area. These comments are provided in accordance with provisions of the
Clean Water Act of 1977 (33 U.S.C. 466 et. seq.) and the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act. (48
Stat. 401, as amended; 1.6 U.S.C. 661-667d).
The project will include streambank stabilization, thalweg realignment, as well as riffle
and pool complexes that mimic natural channels. The project should restore natural
geomorphology, aquatic habitats and reduce sedimentation. The stream supports warm water
species and smallmouth bass. Brown trout may occur in the area. This area is not NCWRC
Designated Public Mountain Trout Water. We believe that. this project is well designed and
planned. It should have a positive impact on aquatic resources. Therefore, we do not object to
tale project as proposed. Best Management Practices, including using well maintained equipment
and providing for spill containment, should be used during the project.
Thank you for the opportunity to review and comment on this project. If you have any
questions regarding these comments, please contact me at 336/769-9453.
cc: John Dorney, DWQ
Dick Everhart, NRCS
Will Harmon, Buck Engineering
---------------- ------ -----
. _.. .. _.
Mailing Address: Division of Inland Fislhcrre.ti • 1721 Mal I sc ice Cettt?_r • R,ilcigk, N(127699-1721
Telephone: [phone] ext. 28 t • tax: [phone]
010587, South Fork Mitchell River Stream Restoration, Surry Co.
Subject: 010587, South Fork Mitchell River Stream Restoration, Surry Co.
Date: Wed, 02 May 2001 10:15:46 -0400
From: Jennifer Frye <[e-mail]>
Organization: NC DENR Water Quality
To: Todd St John <[e-mail]>
Hey Todd,
After a quick review of this restoration proposal, it appears to me that
the project meets the Division's definition of restoration. Therefore,
if they are using NWP 27 and the associated General Certification, our
written concurrence is not necessary.
Thanks,
Jen
Jennifer Serafin Frye
Division of Water Quality
NC Department of Environment
Winston-Salem Regional Office
Winston-Salem, NC 27107
Voice: 336-771-4608 ext. 275
and Natural Resources
Fax: [phone]
401 ISSUED
5/3/016:48 AM