20010556 Ver 1_COMPLETE FILE_20010416

O?O? W A T ?RpG
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Michael F -Easley
Governor
William G. Ross, Jr., Secretary
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Kerr T. Stevens
Division of Water Quality
May 15, 2001
Mr. Greg Jennings
NC State Stream Restoration Institute
Box 7625
Raleigh, NC 27695-7625
Subject: Stream Restoration
Shawneehaw Creek
Avery County, NC
DWQ# 010556
Dear Mr. Jennings:
This Office is in receipt of the plans for the stream restoration project of a specified length of the
Shawneehaw Creek prepared submitted to the Division on March 16, 2001. Staff from the Wetlands Unit
reviewed the plans and found that they meet the definition of stream bank restoration and do not require a
formal application as specified in the Water Quality Certifications 3258 for USACE Nationwide Permits No. 27.
If you have any questions regarding this matter, please contact Mr. Todd St. John at [phone].
qetSierell
R. Dorney
nds Unit Superviso
cc: Mr. Todd St. John, Wetlands Unit
Asheville Regional Office
File
North Carolina Division of Water Quality, 401 Wetlands Certification Unit,
1650 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1650 (Mailing Address)
2321 Crabtree Blvd., Raleigh, NC 27604-2260 (Location)
(li(1 - 1100 /.. L.......? - -11C -1 I{....\ 1. a?... l/L. ry.. ,,,,-..?..?....,...../......... ?I.....J..l
Will C;unliim St;iln Hoiw city is a land
gmflt univni;ity;ind o constituent institution
of The Uoivw.sily of Noith C;iiohna
Department of Biological and
Agricultural Engineering
Box 7625
Raleigh, NC 27695-7625
919.515.2675
919.515.6772 (fax)
010556
Apri 1 12, 2001
r' (r, ire' ? If it
To: David Baker, US Army Corps of Engineers
Todd St. John, NC Division of Water Quality Cl 620pl
Ron Linville, NC Wildlife Resources Commission
Steve Bevington, NC Clean Water Management Trust Fund ,? ^71Eiti r.u GRCUP
Linda Johnson, Town of Banner Elk'
Mike Pitman, NC Cooperative Extension Service - Avery County
From: Greg Jennings, NC State University J?? ,
Re: Permit Application for Shawneehaw Creek Phase II Enhancement Project
Please find enclosed a completed Pre-Construction Notification (PCN) Application Form
and a stream enhancement design for Shawneehaw Creek in the Town of Banner Elk in
Avery County. The purpose of the project is to improve water quality and aquatic habitat
by reducing sedimentation; to improve stream stability; and to improve riparian and
floodplain functionality of 800 feet of Shawneehaw Creek on Banner Elk Town property.
The project meets the DWQ definition of stream restoration and therefore a
permitting fee is not included with this package. The project is funded by the NC
Clean Water Management Trust fund through a grant to North Carolina State University.
This is not a stream mitigation project.
If you have questions about this project, please contact Greg Jennings at 919-515-6771.
Enclosure
? , ? ? ? No 'vod ?r01
Apr 09 01 11:33a
ELK, n0?
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Town of Banner Elk
Mayor Deka Tate, Council Members Brenda Lyerly, Joe B. Perry, Floyd Ramsey, Jack Masters, James Beasley F
April 9, 2001
Mr. Greg Jennings
NC State University
Box 7625
Raleigh, NC 27695-7625
Dear Mr. Jennings:
This letter serves to authorizc you to act as the Town of Banner Elk's agent and complete the
ACOE/DWQ Pre-construction forms for the Shawneehaw Phase II construction.
If you should need anything further, please let me know.
Sincerely,
Linda Johnson
Interim Manager
p.2
PO Box 2049, 200 Park Avenue, Banner Elk, NC 28604
Phone: [phone], FAX [phone], Website: townuibaimerelk.org

?W A TFRQ
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o -c
Pre-Construction Notification (PCN) Application Form
For Section 404 and/or Section 10 Nationwide, Regional and General Permits, Section 401
General Water Quality Certifications, and Riparian Buffer and Watershed Buffer Rules
This form is to be used for projects qualifying for any of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' (USACE)
Nationwide, Regional or General Permits as required by Section 404 of the Clean Water Act and/or
Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act, and for the North Carolina Division of Water Quality's
(DWQ) associated General 401 Water Quality Certifications. This form is also to be used for any
project requiring approval under any Riparian Buffer Rules implemented by the N.C. Division of Water
Quality. This form should not be used if you are requesting an Individual 404 Permit or Individual 401
Water Quality Certification. The USACE Individual Permit application form is available online at
http://www.saw.tisace.,irmy.niiI/wetlands/Perm app.htm.
The USACE is the lead regulatory agency. To review the requirements for the use of Nationwide,
Regional or General permits, and to determine which permit applies to your project, please go to the
USACE website at http://www.saw.usace.army.niiI/wetlands/regtour.htni, or contact one of the field
offices listed at the end of this application. The website also lists the responsible project manager for
each county in North Carolina and provides additional information regarding the identification and
regulation of wetlands and waters of the U.S.
The DWQ issues a corresponding Certification (General or Individual), and cannot tell the applicant
which 401 Certification will apply until the 404 Permit type has been determined by the USACE.
Applicants are encouraged to visit DWQ's 401/Wetlands Unit website at
http://h2o.enr. state.ne.us/ncwetlands to read about current requirements for the 401 Water Quality
Certification Program and to determine whether or not Riparian Buffer Rules are applicable. The
applicant is also advised to read the full text of the General Certification (GC) matching the specific 404
Permit requested. In some cases, written approval for some General Certifications is not required,
provided that the applicant adheres to all conditions of the GC. Applicants lacking access to the internet
should contact DWQ's Central Office in Raleigh at [phone].
Trout Waters Coordination - Special coordination with the North Carolina Wildlife Resources
Commission (NCWRC) is also required for projects occurring in any of North Carolina's twenty-five
counties that contain trout waters. In such cases, the applicant should contact the appropriate NCWRC
regional coordinator (listed by county on the last page of this application).
Page 1 of 12
CAMA Coordination - If the project occurs in any of North Carolina's twenty coastal counties (listed on
the last page of this application) the applicant should also contact the North Carolina Division of Coastal
Management (DCM) at [phone]. DCM will determine whether or not the project involves a
designated Area of Environmental Concern, in which case DCM will act as the lead permitting agency.
In such cases, DCM will require a Coastal Area Management Act (LAMA) Permit and will coordinate
the 404/401 Permits.
USACE Permits - Submit one copy of this form, along with supporting narratives, maps, data forms,
photos, etc. to the applicable USACE Regulatory Field Office (addresses are listed at the end of this
application). Upon receipt of an application, the USACE will determine if the application is complete as
soon as possible, not to exceed 30 days. This PCN form is designed for the convenience of the applicant
to address information needs for all USACE Nationwide, Regional or General permits, as well as
information required for State authorizations, certifications, and coordination. Fully providing the
information requested on this form will result in a complete application for any of the USACE
Nationwide, Regional or General permits. To review the minimum amount of information that must be
provided for a complete PCN for each USACE Nationwide permit, see Condition 13, 65 Fed.Reg. 12893
(March 9, 2000), available at llttp•//www Saw Llsace.arniYmi1/wetlands/nwpIinalFedRe?,,.pdf.
Processing times vary by permit and begin once the application has been determined to be complete.
Please contact the appropriate regulatory field office for specific answers to permit processing periods.
401 Water Quality Certification or Buffer Rules - All information is required unless otherwise stated
as optional. Incomplete applications will be returned. Submit seven collated copies of all USACE
Permit materials to the Division of Water Quality, 401/Wetlands Unit, 1650 Mail Service Center,
Raleigh, NC, 27699-1650. If written approval is required or specifically requested for a 401
Certification, then a non-refundable application fee is required. In brief, if project impacts include less
than one acre of cumulative wetland/water impacts and less than 150 feet cumulative impacts to
streams, then a fee of $200 is required. If either of these thresholds is exceeded, then a fee of $475 is
required. A check made out to the North Carolina Division of Water Quality, with the specific name of
the project or applicant identified, should be stapled to the front of the application package. For more
information, see the DWQ website at litty://li2o.ehnr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands/fees.htni1. The fee must be
attached with the application unless the applicant is a federal agency in which case the check may be
issued from a separate office. In such cases, the project must be identifiable on the U.S. Treasury check
so that it can be credited to the appropriate project. If written approval is sought solely for Buffer Rules,
the application fee does not apply, and the applicant should clearly state (in a cover letter) that only
Buffer Rule approval is sought in writing. Wetlands or waters of the U.S. may not be impacted prior to
issuance or waiver of a Section 401 Water Quality Certification. Upon receipt of a complete application
for a 401 Certification, the Division of Water Quality has 60 days to prepare a written response to the
applicant. This may include a 401 Certification, an on-hold letter pending receipt of additional
requested information, or denial.
Page 2 of 12
Office Use Only: Form Version April 2001
010556
USACE Action ID No. DWQ No.
If any particular item is not applicable to this project, please enter "Not Applicable" or "N/A" rather than
leaving the space blank.
1. Processing
1. Check all of the approval(s) requested for this project:
® Section 404 Permit
? Section 10 Permit
® 401 Water Quality Certification
? Riparian or Watershed Buffer Rules
2. Nationwide, Regional or General Permit Number(s) Requested: NW 27
3. If this notification is solely a courtesy copy because written approval for the 401 Certification
is not required, check here: ? _
4. If payment into the North Carolina Wetlands Restoration Program (NCWRP) is proposed for
mitigation of impacts (see section VIII - Mitigation); check here: ?
II. Applicant Information
1. Owner/Applicant Information
Name: Town of Banner Elk Linda Johnson Interim Manager
Mailing Address: PO Box 2049, 200 Park Avenue Banner Elk. NC 28604
Telephone Number: 828-898-5398
E-mail Address:
Fax Number: 828-898-4568
2. Agent Information (A signed and dated copy of the Agent Authorization letter must be
attached if the Agent has signatory authority for the owner/applicant.)
Name: Grep Jenninas
Company Affiliation: North Carolina State University
Mailing Address: Box 7625 NCSU
Telephone Number: 919-515-6771 Fax Number: 919-515-6772
E-mail Address: greg ienningsnncsu edu
Page 3 of 12
III. Project Information
Attach a vicinity map clearly showing the location of the property with respect to local
landmarks such as towns, rivers, and roads. Also provide a detailed site plan showing property
boundaries and development plans in relation to surrounding properties. Both the vicinity map
and site plan must include a scale and north arrow. The specific footprints of all buildings,
impervious surfaces, or other facilities must be included. If possible, the maps and plans should
include the appropriate USGS Topographic Quad Map and NRCS Soil Survey with the property
boundaries outlined. Plan drawings, or other maps may be included at the applicant's discretion,
so long as the property is clearly defined. For administrative and distribution purposes, the
USACE requires information to be submitted on sheets no larger than 11 by 17-inch format;
however, DWQ may accept paperwork of any size. DWQ prefers full-size construction
drawings rather than a sequential sheet version of the full-size plans. If full-size plans are
reduced to a small scale such that the final version is illegible, the applicant will be informed that
the project has been placed on hold until decipherable maps are provided.
1. Name of project: Shawneehaw Phase II Stream Enhancement
2. T.I.P. Project Number (NCDOT Only): N/A
3. Property Identification Number (Tax PIN): _
4. Location
County: Avery Nearest Town: Banner Elk
Subdivision name (include phase/lot number): N/A
Directions to site (include road numbers, landmarks, etc.): Banner Elk Town Park located
south of Highway 194 and east of Highway 184 in Banner Elk adjacent to the Banner Elk
Town Hall.
5. Site coordinates, if available (UTM or Lat/Long): Lat/Long 36 09 30 / 81 52 20
(Note - If project is linear, such as a road or utility line, attach a sheet that separately lists the
coordinates for each crossing of a distinct waterbody.)
6. Describe the existing land use or condition of the site at the time of this application: Open
field owned by the Town of Banner Elk intended for future recreational field.
7. Property size (acres):
8. Nearest body of water (stream/river/sound/ocean/lake): Shawneehaw Creek
9. River Basin: Watauga River Basin
(Note - this must be one of North Carolina's seventeen designated major river basins. The
River Basin map is available at llttp://li2o.enr.state.nc.us/admin/maps/.)
Page 4 of 12
10. Describe the purpose of the proposed work: To improve water quality and aquatic habitat
by reducing sedimentation; improve stream stability; and improve riparian and floodplain
functionality. This is not a mitigation protect.
11. List the type of equipment to be used to construct the project: Trackhoe Excavator;
Loader; Dump Truck; Hand Labor.
12. Describe the land use in the vicinity of this project: Town Park-, Playground.
IV. Prior Project History
If jurisdictional determinations and/or permits have been requested and/or obtained for this
project (including all prior phases of the same subdivision) in the past, please explain. Include
the USACE Action ID Number, DWQ Project Number, application date, and date permits and
certifications were issued or withdrawn. Provide photocopies of previously issued permits,
certifications or other useful information. Describe previously approved wetland, stream and
buffer impacts, along with associated mitigation (where applicable). If this is a NCDOT project,
list and describe permits issued for prior segments of the same T.I.P. project, along with
construction schedules.
V. Future Project Plans
Are any additional permit requests anticipated for this project in the future? If so, describe the
anticipated work, and provide justification for the exclusion of this work from the current
application: N/A
VI. Proposed Impacts to Waters of the United States/Waters of the State
It is the applicant's (or agent's) responsibility to determine, delineate and map all impacts to
wetlands, open water, and stream channels associated with the project. The applicant must also
provide justification for these impacts in Section VII below. All proposed impacts, permanent
and temporary, must be listed herein, and must be clearly identifiable on an accompanying site
plan. All wetlands and waters, and all streams (intermittent and perennial) must be shown on a
delineation map, whether or not impacts are proposed to these systems. Wetland and stream
evaluation and delineation forms should be included as appropriate. Photographs may be
included at the applicant's discretion. If this proposed impact is strictly for wetland or stream
Page 5 of 12
mitigation, list and describe the impact in Section VIII below. If additional space is needed for
listing or description, please attach a separate sheet.
1. Wetland Impacts
Wetland Impact
Site Number
(indicate on ma)
Type of Inpact* Area of
Impact
(acres) Located within
100-year Floodplain**
(es/no) Distance to
Nearest Stream
(linear feet)
Type of Wetland***

* List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: mechanized clearing, grading, tin,
excavation, flooding, ditching/drainage, etc. For dams, separately list impacts due to both structure and flooding.
** 100-Year floodplains are identified through the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Maps
(FIRM), or FEMA-approved local floodplain maps. Maps are available through the FEMA Map Service Center at 1-800-358-9616, or
online at http://w"w.feina.FYov.
*** List a wetland type that best describes wetland to be impacted (e.g., freshwater/saltwater marsh, forested wetland, beaver pond,
Carolina Bay, bog, etc.)
List the total acreage (estimated) of existing wetlands on the property: N/A
Total area of wetland impact proposed: N/A
2. Stream Impacts, including all intermittent and perennial streams
Stream Impact
Site Number
(indicate on ma)
Type of Impact* Length of
Impact
(linear feet)
Stream Name** Average Width
of Stream
Before Impact Perennial or
Intermittent?
( leases eci )
Phase II Stabilization 800 Shawneehaw 18 ft Perennial

* List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: culverts and associated rip-rap,
dams (separately list impacts due to both structure and flooding), relocation (include linear feet before and after, and net loss/gain),
stabilization activities (cement wall, rip-rap, crib wall, gabions, etc.), excavation, ditch ing/straightening, etc. If stream relocation is
proposed, plans and profiles showing the linear footprint for both the original and relocated streams must be included.
** Stream names can be found on USGS topographic maps. If a stream has no name, list as UT (unnamed tributary) to the nearest
downstream named stream into which it flows. USGS maps are available through the USGS at 1-800-358-9616, or online at
www.tlsgs.gov. Several intemet sites also allow direct download and printing of USGS maps (e.g., wwwjopozone.cont,
www.mapqucst.com, etc.).
Cumulative impacts (linear distance in feet) to all streams on site: 800
Page 6 of 12
3. Open Water Impacts, including Lakes, Ponds, Estuaries, Sounds, Atlantic Ocean and any
other Water of the U.S.
Open Water Impact
Site Number
(indicate on ma)
Type of Impact* Area of
Impact
(acres)
(if Name applicable) Wat) Type of Waterbody
(fake, pond, estuary, sound,
bay, ocean, etc.)

List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: fill, excavation, dredging,
flooding, drainage, bulkheads, etc.
4. Pond Creation
If construction of a pond is proposed, associated wetland and stream impacts should be
included above in the wetland and stream impact sections. Also, the proposed pond should
be described here and illustrated on any maps included with this application.
Pond to be created in (check all that apply): ? uplands ? stream ? wetlands
Describe the method of construction (e.g., dam/embankment, excavation, installation of
draw-down valve or spillway, etc.):
Proposed use or purpose of pond (e.g., livestock watering, irrigation, aesthetic, trout pond,
local stormwater requirement, etc.):
Size of watershed draining to pond: Expected pond surface area:
VII. Impact Justification (Avoidance and Minimization)
Specifically describe measures taken to avoid the proposed impacts. It may be useful to provide
information related to site constraints such as topography, building ordinances, accessibility, and
financial viability of the project. The applicant may attach drawings of alternative, lower-impact
site layouts, and explain why these design options were not feasible. Also discuss how impacts
were minimized once the desired site plan was developed. If applicable, discuss construction
techniques to be followed during construction to reduce impacts.
The project will enhance stream stability by protecting streambanks providing grade control
improving bed features and reducing sediment concentrations in the stream. Stream impacts
during construction will be minimized by working from the streambank and limiting
ground disturbance to only those areas in the immediate vicinity of instream structures.
Page 7 of 12
VIII. Mitigation
DWQ - In accordance with 15A NCAC 211 .0500, mitigation may be required by the NC
Division of Water Quality for projects involving greater than or equal to one acre of impacts to
freshwater wetlands or greater than or equal to 150 linear feet of total impacts to perennial
streams.
USACE - In accordance with the Final Notice of Issuance and Modification of Nationwide
Permits, published in the Federal Register on March 9, 2000, mitigation will be required when
necessary to ensure that adverse effects to the aquatic environment are minimal. Factors
including size and type of proposed impact and function and relative value of the impacted
aquatic resource will be considered in determining acceptability of appropriate and practicable
mitigation as proposed. Examples of mitigation that may be appropriate and practicable include,
but are not limited to: reducing the size of the project; establishing and maintaining wetland
and/or upland vegetated buffers to protect open waters such as streams; and replacing losses of
aquatic resource functions and values by creating, restoring, enhancing, or preserving similar
functions and values, preferable in the same watershed.
If mitigation is required for this project, a copy of the mitigation plan must be attached in order
for USACE or DWQ to consider the application complete for processing. Any application
lacking a required mitigation plan or NCWRP concurrence shall be placed on hold as
incomplete. An applicant may also choose to review the current guidelines for stream restoration
in DWQ's Draft Technical Guide for Stream Work in North Carolina, available at
http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetiands/strinride.litm1.
Provide a brief description of the proposed mitigation plan. The description should provide
as much information as possible, including, but not limited to: site location (attach directions
and/or map, if offsite), affected stream and river basin, type and amount (acreage/linear feet)
of mitigation proposed (restoration, enhancement, creation, or preservation), a plan view,
preservation mechanism (e.g., deed restrictions, conservation easement, etc.), and a
description of the current site conditions and proposed method of construction. Please attach
a separate sheet if more space is needed.
N/A
Page 8 of 12
Identify the square feet and acreage of impact to each zone of the riparian buffers. If buffer
mitigation is required calculate the required amount of mitigation by applying the buffer
multipliers.
Zone* Impact
(square feet) Multiplier Required
Mitigation
1 3
2 1.5
Total
Zone 1 extends out 30 feet perpendicular from near oanK or channel; /-one z extenas an
additional 20 feet from the edge of Zone I .
If buffer mitigation is required, please discuss what type of mitigation is proposed (i.e., Donation
of Property, Conservation Easement, Riparian Buffer Restoration / Enhancement, Preservation or
Payment into the Riparian Buffer Restoration Fund). Please attach all appropriate information as
identified within 15A NCAC 213 .0242 or .0260.
XI. Stormwater (DWQ Only)
Describe impervious acreage (both existing and proposed) versus total acreage on the site.
Discuss stormwater controls proposed in order to protect surface waters and wetlands
downstream from the property.
No impervious acreage existing or proposed for this project
XII. Sewage Disposal (DWQ Only)
Clearly detail the ultimate treatment methods and disposition (non-discharge or discharge) of
wastewater generated from the proposed project, or available capacity of the subject facility.
N/A
XIII. Violations (DWQ Only)
Is this site in violation of DWQ Wetland Rules (15A NCAC 2H .0500) or any Buffer Rules?
Yes ? No K
Is this an after-the-fact permit application?
Yes ? No Pi
Page 10 of 12
XIV. Other Circumstances (Optional):
It is the applicant's responsibility to submit the application sufficiently in advance of desired
construction dates to allow processing time for these permits. However, an applicant may
choose to list constraints associated with construction or sequencing that may impose limits on
work schedules (e.g., draw-down schedules for lakes, dates associated with Endangered and
Threatened Species, accessibility problems, or other issues outside of the applicant's control).
Applicant/Agentcsig f,ature Date
(Agent's signature is valid only if an authorization letter from the applicant is provided.)
US Army Corps Of Engineers Field Offices and County Coverage
Asheville Regulatory Field Office Alexander Cherokee Iredell Mitchell
US Army Corps of Engineers Avery Clay Jackson Polk
151 Patton Avenue Buncombe Cleveland Lincoln Rowan
Room 208 Burke Gaston Macon Rutherford
Asheville, NC 28801-5006 Cabarrus Graham Madison Stanley
Telephone: [phone] Caldwell Haywood McDowell Swain
Fax: [phone] Catawba Henderson Mecklenburg Transylvania
Raleigh Regulatory Field Office Alamance Durham Johnston Rockingham
US Army Corps Of Engineers Alleghany Edgecombe Lee Stokes
6508 Falls of the Neuse Road Ashe Franklin Nash Surry
Suite 120 Caswell Forsyth Northampton Vance
Raleigh, NC 27615 Chatham Granville Orange Wake
Telephone: [phone] Davidson Guilford Person Warren
Fax: [phone] Davie Halifax Randolph Wilkes
Washington Regulatory Field Office Beaufort Currituck Jones
US Army Corps Of Engineers Bertie Dare Lenoir
Post Office Box 1000 Camden Gates Martin
Washington, NC 27889-1000 Carteret* Green Pamlico
Telephone: [phone] Chowan Hertford Pasquotank
Fax: [phone] Craven Hyde Perquimans
Wilmington Regulatory Field Office Anson Duplin Onslow
US Army Corps Of Engineers Bladen Harnett Pender
Post Office Box 1890 Brunswick Hoke Richmond
Wilmington, NC 28402-1890 Carteret Montgomery Robeson
Telephone: [phone] Columbus Moore Sampson
Fax: [phone] Cumberland New Hanover Scotland
Pitt
Tyrrell
Washington
Wayne
Union
Watauga
Yancey
Wilson
Yadkin
*Croatan National Forest Only
Page 11 of 12
US Fis
US Fish and Wildlife Service
Raleigh Field Office
Post Office Box 33726
Raleigh, NC 27636-3726
Telephone: [phone]
h and Wildlife Service / National N
US Fish and Wildlife Service
Asheville Field Office
160 Zillicoa Street
Asheville, NC 28801
Telephone: [phone]
urine Fisheries Service
National Marine Fisheries Service
Habitat Conservation Division
Pivers Island
Beaufort, NC 28516
Telephone: [phone]
North Carolina State Agencies
Division of Water Quality
401 Wetlands Unit
1650 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1650
Telephone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Division of Water Quality
Wetlands Restoration Program
1619 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1619
Telephone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
CAMA and NC Coastal Counties
State Historic Preservation Office
Department Of Cultural Resources
4617 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-4617
Telephone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Division of Coastal Management Beaufort Chowan Hertford Pasquotank
1638 Mail Service Center Bertie Craven Hyde Pender
Raleigh, NC 27699-1638 Brunswick Currituck New Hanover Perquimans
Telephone: [phone] Camden Dare Onslow Tyrrell
Fax: [phone] Carteret Gates Pamlico Washington
NCWRC and NC Trout Counties
Western Piedmont Region Coordinator Alleghany Caldwell Watauga
3855 Idlewild Road Ashe Mitchell Wilkes
Kernersville, NC 27284-9180 Avery Stokes
Telephone: [phone] Burke Surry
Mountain Region Coordinator Buncombe Henderson Polk
20830 Great Smoky Mtn. Expressway Cherokee Jackson Rutherford
Waynesville, NC 28786 Clay Macon Swain
Telephone: [phone] Graham Madison Transylvania
Fax: [phone] Haywood McDowell Yancey
Page 12 of 12
Shawneehaw Creek
Stream Enhancement Plan
Phase II
Prepared For:
Watauga River Basin Nonpoint Source Team
NC Clean Water Management Trust Fund
March 2001
Prepared By:
r
Gregory. Jenni gs, P .D., P.E.
Associate Professor, North Carolina State University
Dam Wise-Frederick, NCSU
Karen Hall, NCSU
Mike Pitman, NCSU
INTRODUCTION
The project site is an 800-ft reach of Shawneehaw Creek with a 3-square-mile watershed located
in Banner Elk, NC (Figures 1 and 2). This project is a continuation of Phase I which enhanced
860 feet of Shawneehaw Creek immediately upstream from Phase 11 and was completed in 2000-
2001. Components of Phase I included installation of 6 boulder cross vanes and 20 root wads,
streambank grading, and planting of the riparian corridor. Both projects are located in a Park
owned by the Town of Banner Elk. Shawneehaw Creek is a tributary to the Elk River and the
Watauga River. Water quality concerns in the Watauga River Basin include sedimentation from
streambank erosion and loss of habitat resulting from poor riparian vegetation and channel
alterations.
Project goals are to: (1) improve water quality and aquatic habitat by reducing sedimentation; (2)
improve stream stability; and (3) improve riparian and floodplain functionality. These goals will
be met by implementing a natural channel design that enhances the channel's dimension, pattern
and profile to a natural, stable form.
EXISTING CONDITION
The project reach is 800 feet long and includes both sides of the stream. The stream is located in
a wide alluvial valley in the Mountain physiographic region. The stream channel has been
straightened and moved to the edge of the valley. There is a steep vegetated hillslope beyond the
right streambank of most of the reach. Just beyond the left streambank is a sewer line following
the entire length of the project reach. The alluvial valley and floodprone area is located beyond
the left streambank and extends approximately 300 feet to the next hillslope.
The project reach is classified as a C4 Rosgen Stream Type with bank height ratios near 1.0.
Previous channelization and buffer removal has caused moderate channel widening and some
bank instabilities. Streambank erosion is moderate along the project reach. Channelization has
also caused a significant loss of pools. The bedforms are mostly riffles and runs. The riparian
area is predominantly grass with few trees and little shade over the stream.
BANKFULL VERIFICATION
Bankfull stage is the top of the streambank for this reach. The reach is located on a flat alluvial
floodplain and contains bedrock which maintains the grade and prevents downcutting. The cross
sectional areas measured in the field are shown in Figure 3 in relation to the NC Mountain
Regional Curve. The measured bankfull cross section areas are lower than would be expected on
the regional curve because of the extensive forested areas in the watershed and the lack of
channel incision observed in this reach.

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1 10 100 1000
y = 21.61 x068 Drainage Area (sq mi)
R2 = 0.89
Figure 3. Shawneehaw Creek Phase II Bankfull Cross-Section Areas in Relation to the NC
- Mountain Regional Curve.
REFERENCE REACH ANALYSES
Basin Creek was selected as the reference reach for this project because of its close proximity
and similar stream type. Basin Creek is located along the Blue Ridge escarpment and is the
headwaters of the Yadkin River. The USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, the NC
Stream Restoration Institute and graduate students in the Department of Biological and
Agricultural Engineering conducted three separate reference reach surveys. The reference reach
values and ratios are shown on the design table in the Appendix.
NATURAL CHANNEL DESIGN
The plan view of the natural channel design is shown in Figure 4 with design parameters listed in
Appendix 2. Overall, the dimension, pattern, and profile of the project reach are moderately
stable with a vegetated riparian buffer on the right side and some diversity of riffle and pools.
However, the lack of riparian buffer on the left side and the close proximity of the hillslope in
the middle of the reach have caused localized instabilities.
The design approach includes installing cross vanes, stabilizing the eroding streambanks, and
installing a bankfull bench near station 5+00 to reduce streambank erosion. The bankfull bench
along the right streambank will be approximately 10 feet wide with the toe of the bank stabilized
with root wads and two rock vanes. The top of the bankfull bench will be planted with a variety
of native species. Seven cross vanes will be constructed to protect streambanks, narrow the
channel width, enhance pool habitat, and provide grade control. Root wads will be installed
along the outside of meander bends to improve streambank stability and fish habitat.
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A 25-ft riparian buffer will be established from the top of the streambank. Live cuttings of black
willow and silky dogwood will be staked along each meander bend. A combination of native
herbaceous and woody vegetation will be established in the riparian buffer. Permanent seeding
will include native grasses and woody vegetation. Temporary vegetation for erosion control will
include annual rye (cool season) or millet (warm season) depending on the construction
schedule. The existing tree buffer along the right bank will be maintained in its current condition.
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT
A stable stream has the capacity to move its sediment load without aggrading or degrading over
time. The total load of sediment can be divided into bedload and suspended load. Suspended load
is normally composed of fine sand, silt and clay particles transported in the water column.
Bedload is transported by rolling, sliding, or hopping (saltating) along the bed. The movement of
sediment particles depends on the energy of the stream and their physical properties. Grain size
has a direct influence on the mobility of a given particle. Critical dimensionless shear stress (i*,i)
is a measure of the force required to move a given size particle resting on the channel bed. It can
be calculated for a gravel-bed stream using a surface and subsurface particle sample from a
representative riffle in the reach.
-0.873
T *C; = 0.083 [Equation 1]
d50
Where, i*C; = critical dimensionless shear stress
d; = median particle size of riffle bed surface (mm)
c15o = median particle size of subsurface sample (mm)
Critical dimensionless shear stress can then be used in the following equation to predict the
minimum water depth required to move the d84 of the pavement sample. The water depth is
calculated by:
Dcr = 1.65z *,i d 84 ,,b [Equation 2]
5
Where, Dcr = water depth (ft)
T*C; = critical dimensionless shear stress
d84,ub = d84 of subpavement sample (ft)
s = average channel slope (ft/ft)
Critical dimensionless shear stress was calculated for Shawneehaw Creek on a
pavement/subpavement analysis conducted near station 4+00. The d50 of the pavement sample
was 6.5 mm, and d50 for the subpavement was 15 mm. Using Equation 1, the critical
dimensionless shear stress = 0.04.
To find the depth of water necessary to move the d84 of the pavement sample (=90 mm),
Equation 2 was used. A critical depth of 1.1 ft was calculated. This means that at a water depth
of 1.1 ft in the design channel, particles up to 90 mm in size would be mobile. The mean bankfull
depth for the proposed restoration design is 1.5 ft. Therefore, the design channel would be able to
transport the materials without aggrading. As a check, boundary shear stress was calculated for
the design dimension and compared with Shields Curve. The shear stress placed on the sediment
particles is the force that entrains and moves the particles, given by:
z = yRs [Equation 3]
Where, T = shear stress (lb/ftz)
Y = specific gravity of water (62.4 lb/ft)
R = hydraulic radius (ft)
s = average channel slope (ft/ft)
If the shear stress is determined from the Shield's diagram to move a particle size that is
significantly larger or smaller than the d84 of the pavement sample, then the sinuosity may need
to be increased or decreased respectively, in order to adjust the average channel slope, thus
adjusting the shear stress. Boundary shear stress was calculated for the design using Equation 3,
and equaled 0.82 lbs/ftz. From Shields diagram (Figure 5), this shear stress value would be able
to move a particle size of approximately 60 mm.
1000
100
E
E
d
E 10
0w
c
'm I
C7
1
0.1
0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10
Critical Shear Stress (lbs/sgft)
Figure 5. Shield's Curve
4
CONSTRUCTION
Construction Materials Estimate
Item Quantity Units Description
Boulders 500 TONS 6ft X 4ft X 3ft
Root Wads 30 See Appendix
Erosion Mat 2000 SQ FT C125BN
Rye rain 400 LBS Apply at 130 Ibs/ac
Fertilizer 1200 LBS Apply at 435 lbs/ac
Mulch 50 BALES Apply at 130 bales/ac
The following equipment is mandatory for the project:
• Track hoe with a hydraulic thumb.
• Track loader
• Chain saws
• All other equipment and materials necessary to complete the job as described
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Shawneehaw Phase II
Parameter Design Existing Reference
Reach Name Shawneehaw Shawneehaw Basin Cr
Bankfull XSEC Area, Abkf (ft) 30.0 26.0 57.4
Bankfull Width, Wbkf (ft) 20.0 22.0 30.7
Bankfull Mean Depth, Dbkf (ft) 1.5 1.2 1.9
Width to Depth Ratio, W/D (ft/ft) 13.3 18.6 16.4
Entrenchment Ratio, Wfpa/Wbkf (ft/ft) 4.5 4.5 2.8
Bank Height Ratio, Dtob/Dmax (ft/ft) 1.0 1.0 1.0
Min Bkf Max Depth, Dmax (ft) 2.1 1.3 ---
Min Bkf Max Depth, Dmax (ft) 3.3 2.6 ---
Min Bkf Max Depth Ratio, Dmax/Dbkf 1.4 1.1 1.2
Max Bkf Max Depth Ratio, Dmax/Dbkf 2.2 2.2 2.2
Min Meander Length, Lm (ft) 100 80 ---
Max Meander Length, Lm (ft) 200 230 ---
Min Meander Len Ratio, Lm/Wbkf 5.0 3.6 8.0
Max Meander Len Ratio, Lm/Wbkf 10.0 10.5 11.0
Min Radius of Curvature, Re (ft) 50 32 ---
Max Radius of Curvature, Rc (ft) 100 125 ---
Min Rc Ratio, Rc/Wbkf 2.5 1.5 2.4
Max Rc Ratio, Rc/Wbkf 5.0 5.7 4.2
Min Belt Width, Wblt (ft) 60 55 ---
Max Belt Width, Wblt (ft) 100 90 ---
Min MW Ratio, Wblt/Wbkf (ft) 3.0 2.5 3.5
Max MW Ratio, Wblt/Wbkf (ft) 5.0 4.1 4.0
Sinuosity, K 1.3 1.20 1.02
Valley Slope, Sval (ft/ft) 0.0132 0.0132 ---
Channel Slope, Schan=Sval/K (ft/ft) 0.0101 0.0109 ---
Pool Slope, Spool (ft/ft) 0.0003 0 ---
Pool Slope Ratio, Spool/Schan 0.03 0.00 0.05
Min Pool Depth, Dpool (ft) 3.0 2.3 ---
Max Pool Depth, Dpool (ft) 4.2 3.7 ---
Min Pool Depth Ratio, Dpool/Dbkf 2.0 1.9 1.6
Max Pool Depth Ratio, D ool/Dbkf 2.8 3.1 2.6
Min Pool Width, Wpool (ft) 22.0 21 ---
Max Pool Width, Wpool (ft) 28.0 25 ---
Min Pool Wid Ratio, W ool/Wbkf 1.1 1.0 1.3
Max Pool Wid Ratio, Wpool/Wbkf 1.4 1.1 1.5
Min Length Pool Spacing, Lps (ft) 80 82 ---
Max Length Pool Spacing, L s (ft) 140 165 ---
Min Pool Spacing Ratio, Lps/Wbkf 4.0 3.7 5.0
Max Pool Spacing Ratio, Lps/Wbkf 7.0 7.5 8.0

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Re: Shawneehaw Creek
Subject: Re: Shawneehaw Creek
Date: Wed, 25 Apr 200109:19:19 -0400
From: Greg Jennings <[e-mail]>
Organization: NC State University
To: "Todd St. John" <[e-mail]>
CC: Mike Parker <[e-mail]>
Todd,
1) Basin Creek Drainage Area = 6.8 square miles
2) The plan you requested is slide 3 of the attached powerpoint file.
Please contact me if you have any questions about this.
Thanks, Greg
"Todd St. John" wrote:
> i sent this earlier, but to the wrong address... sorry.
> Shawneehaw Creek
> Avery, County DNQ# 010556
> Greg,
> I have a couple of questions regarding the subject project.
> 1) What is the lrainage area of the reference reach?
> 2) Can I get a :opy of the site plan w/the existing channel location,
> the proposed channel (with structures), and cross section locations?
> thanks, todd
Greg Jennings, PhD, PE
Associate Professor, Biological & Agricultural Engineering
NC State Universi:y, Box 7625, Raleigh, NC 27695-7625
Office: 919-515-6771; Cell: 919-218-3389
http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/people/faculty/jennings/
Greg Jennings <Greg Jennings @ncsu.edu>
Associate Professor
NC State University
Biological & Agricultural Engineering
1 of 1 4/25/019:29 AN

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Shawncchaw Creek
Subject: Shawneehaw Creek
Date: Tue, 24 Apr 2001 14:52:29 -0400
From: "Todd St. John" <[e-mail]>
Organization: DWQ Wetlands Unit
To: [e-mail]
CC: "mike.parker" <[e-mail]>
Shawneehaw Creek
Avery, County DWQ# 010556
Greg,
I have a couple of questions regarding the subject project.
1) What is the drainage area of the reference reach?
2) Can I get a copy of the site plan w/the existing channel location,
the proposed channel (with structures), and cross section locations?
thanks, todd
Todd St. John, P.E.
Environmental Engineer II
DWQ
Wetlands Unit
loft
i
Nuith Caralinn Slate University is a land-
gmnt university and ? w[Mihient institution
of 11o University of North Carolina
010550
April 12, 2001
Department of Biological and
Agricultural Engineering
Box 7625
Raleigh, NC 27695-7625
919.515.2675
919.515.6772 (fax)

To: David Baker, US Army Corps of Engineers
Todd St. John, NC Division of Water Quality
Ron Linville, NC Wildlife Resources Commission APR' 6
Steve Bevington, NC Clean Water Management Trust Fund
Linda Johnson, Town of Banner Elk
Mike Pitman, NC Cooperative Extension Service - Avery County
From: Greg Jennings, NC State University
Re: Permit Application for Shawneehaw Creek Phase II Enhancement Project
Please find enclosed a completed Pre-Construction Notification (PCN) Application Form
and a stream enhancement design for Shawneehaw Creek in the Town of Banner Elk in
Avery County. The purpose of the project is to improve water quality and aquatic habitat
by reducing sedimentation; to improve stream stability; and to improve riparian and
floodplain functionality of 800 feet of Shawneehaw Creek on Banner Elk Town property.
The project meets the DWQ definition of stream restoration and therefore a
permitting fee is not included with this package. The project is funded by the NC
Clean Water Management Trust fund through a grant to North Carolina State University.
This is not a stream mitigation project.
If you have questions about this project, please contact Greg Jennings at 919-515-677 i.
Enclosure
Apr 09 01 11:33a
?? t? cx, ryo?
N
,s
o ? a
\ 0
\S ? 911 ??/
Town of Banner Elk
1 Mayor Deka Tate, Council Members Brenda Lyerly, Joe B. Perry, Floyd Ramsey, Jack Masters, James Beasley t
April 9, 2001
Mr. Greg Jennings
NC State University
Box 7625
Raleigh, NC 27695-7625
Dear Mr. Jennings:
This lettcr servcs to authorizc you to act as the Town of Banner Elk's agent and complete the
ACOE/DWQ Pre-construction forms for the Shawneehaw Phase II construction.
If you should need anything further, please let me know.
Sincerely,
Linda Johnson
Interim Manager
p.2
PO Box 2049, 200 Park Avenue, Banner Elk, NC 28604
Phone: [phone], FAX [phone], Website: townoibannerelk.org
1 ?
?0 W A T ?RQ
>
p ?C
Pre-Construction Notification (PCN) Application Form
For Section 404 and/or Section 10 Nationwide, Regional and General Permits, Section 401
General Water Quality Certifications, and Riparian Buffer and Watershed Buffer Rules
This form is to be used for projects qualifying for any of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' (USACE)
Nationwide, Regional or General Permits as required by Section 404 of the Clean Water Act and/or
Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act, and for the North Carolina Division of Water Quality's
(DWQ) associated General 401 Water Quality Certifications. This form is also to be used for any
project requiring approval under any Riparian Buffer Rules implemented by the N.C. Division of Water
Quality. This form should not be used if you are requesting an Individual 404 Permit or Individual 401
Water Quality Certification. The USACE Individual Permit application form is available online at
http://www.saw.tisace.army.nii]/wetlands/1'erni app.htm.
The USACE is the lead regulatory agency. To review the requirements for the use of Nationwide,
Regional or General permits, and to determine which permit applies to your project, please go to the
USACE website at http://www.saw.usace.army.niil/wetlands/rcgtour.htni, or contact one of the field
offices listed at the end of this application. The website also lists the responsible project manager for
each county in North Carolina and provides additional information regarding the identification and
regulation of wetlands and waters of the U.S.
The DWQ issues a corresponding Certification (General or Individual), and cannot tell the applicant
which 401 Certification will apply until the 404 Permit type has been determined by the USACE.
Applicants are encouraged to visit DWQ's 401/Wetlands Unit website at
http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands to read about current requirements for the 401 Water Quality
Certification Program and to determine whether or not Riparian Buffer Rules are applicable. The
applicant is also advised to read the full text of the General Certification (GC) matching the specific 404
Permit requested. In some cases, written approval for some General Certifications is not required,
provided that the applicant adheres to all conditions of the GC. Applicants lacking access to the internet
should contact DWQ's Central Office in Raleigh at [phone].
Trout Waters Coordination - Special coordination with the North Carolina Wildlife Resources
Commission (NCWRC) is also required for projects occurring in any of North Carolina's twenty-five
counties that contain trout waters. In such cases, the applicant should contact the appropriate NCWRC
regional coordinator (listed by county on the last page of this application).
Page 1 of 12
CAMA Coordination - If the project occurs in any of North Carolina's twenty coastal counties (listed on
the last page of this application) the applicant should also contact the North Carolina Division of Coastal
Management (DCM) at [phone]. DCM will determine whether or not the project involves a
designated Area of Environmental Concern, in which case DCM will act as the lead permitting agency.
In such cases, DCM will require a Coastal Area Management Act (LAMA) Permit and will coordinate
the 404/401 Permits.
USACE Permits - Submit one copy of this form, along with supporting narratives, maps, data forms,
photos, etc. to the applicable USACE Regulatory Field Office (addresses are listed at the end of this
application). Upon receipt of an application, the USACE will determine if the application is complete as
soon as possible, not to exceed 30 days. This PCN form is designed for the convenience of the applicant
to address information needs for all USACE Nationwide, Regional or General permits, as well as
information required for State authorizations, certifications, and coordination. Fully providing the
information requested on this form will result in a complete application for any of the USACE
Nationwide, Regional or General permits. To review the minimum amount of information that must be
provided for a complete PCN for each USACE Nationwide permit, see Condition 13, 65 Fed.Reg. 12893
(March 9, 2000), available at littp://www.saw.Llsace.arniy.miI/wetlands/nwpfnalFedRe?;.pdf.
Processing times vary by permit and begin once the application has been determined to be complete.
Please contact the appropriate regulatory field office for specific answers to permit processing periods.
401 Water Quality Certification or Buffer Rules - All information is required unless otherwise stated
as optional. Incomplete applications will be returned. Submit seven collated copies of all USACE
Permit materials to the Division of Water Quality, 401/Wetlands Unit, 1650 Mail Service Center,
Raleigh, NC, 27699-1650. If written approval is required or specifically requested for a 401
Certification, then a non-refundable application fee is required. In brief, if project impacts include less
than one acre of cumulative wetland/water impacts and less than 150 feet cumulative impacts to
streams, then a fee of $200 is required. If either of these thresholds is exceeded, then a fee of $475 is
required. A check made out to the North Carolina Division of Water Quality, with the specific name of
the project or applicant identified, should be stapled to the front of the application package. For more
information, see the DWQ website at http://l12o.ehnr.state.nc.us/ncwetIands/fees.htni1. The fee must be
attached with the application unless the applicant is a federal agency in which case the check may be
issued from a separate office. In such cases, the project must be identifiable on the U.S. Treasury check
so that it can be credited to the appropriate project. If written approval is sought solely for Buffer Rules,
the application fee does not apply, and the applicant should clearly state (in a cover letter) that only
Buffer Rule approval is sought in writing. Wetlands or waters of the U.S. may not be impacted prior to
issuance or waiver of a Section 401 Water Quality Certification. Upon receipt of a complete application
for a 401 Certification, the Division of Water Quality has 60 days to prepare a written response to the
applicant. This may include a 401 Certification, an on-hold letter pending receipt of additional
requested information, or denial.
Page 2 of 12
Office Use Only: Form Version April 2001
USACE Action ID No. DWQ No.
If any particular item is not applicable to this project, please enter "Not Applicable" or "N/A" rather than
leaving the space blank.
Processing
1. Check all of the approval(s) requested for this project:
® Section 404 Permit
? Section 10 Permit
® 401 Water Quality Certification
? Riparian or Watershed Buffer Rules
2. Nationwide, Regional or General Permit Number(s) Requested: NW
3. If this notification is solely a courtesy copy because written approval for the 401 Certification
is not required, check here: ?
4. If payment into the North Carolina Wetlands Restoration Program (NCWRP) is proposed for
mitigation of impacts (see section VIII - Mitigation); check here: ?
II. Applicant Information
1. Owner/Applicant Information
Name: Town of Banner Elk Linda Johnson Interim Manager
Mailing Address: PO Box 2049, 200 Park Avenue Banner Elk. NC 28604
Telephone Number: 828-898-5398
E-mail Address:
Fax Number: 828-898-4568
2. Agent Information (A signed and dated copy of the Agent Authorization letter must be
attached if the Agent has signatory authority for the owner/applicant.)
Name: Greg Jennings
Company Affiliation: North Carolina State University
Mailing Address: Box 7625 NCSU
Telephone Number: 919-515-6771 Fax Number: 919-515-6772
E-mail Address: greg_ienningsAncsu edu
Page 3 of 12
III. Project Information
Attach a vicinity map clearly showing the location of the property with respect to local
landmarks such as towns, rivers, and roads. Also provide a detailed site plan showing property
boundaries and development plans in relation to surrounding properties. Both the vicinity map
and site plan must include a scale and north arrow. The specific footprints of all buildings,
impervious surfaces, or other facilities must be included. If possible, the maps and plans should
include the appropriate USGS Topographic Quad Map and NRCS Soil Survey with the property
boundaries outlined. Plan drawings, or other maps may be included at the applicant's discretion,
so long as the property is clearly defined. For administrative and distribution purposes, the
USACE requires information to be submitted on sheets no larger than 11 by 17-inch format;
however, DWQ may accept paperwork of any size. DWQ prefers full-size construction
drawings rather than a sequential sheet version of the frill-size plans. If full-size plans are
reduced to a small scale such that the final version is illegible, the applicant will be informed that
the project has been placed on hold until decipherable maps are provided.
1. Name of project: Shawneehaw Phase It Stream Enhancement
2. T.I.P. Project Number (NCDOT Only)
N/A
3. Property Identification Number (Tax PIN):
N/A
4. Location
County: Avery Nearest Town: Banner Elk
Subdivision name (include phase/lot number): N/A
Directions to site (include road numbers, landmarks, etc.): Banner Elk Town Park located
south of Highway 194 and east of Highway 184 in Banner Elk adjacent to the Banner Elk
Town Hall.
5. Site coordinates, if available (UTM or Lat/Long): Lat/Long 36 09 30 / 81 52 20
(Note - If project is linear, such as a road or utility line, attach a sheet that separately lists the
coordinates for each crossing of a distinct waterbody.)
6. Describe the existing land use or condition of the site at the time of this application: Open
field owned by the Town of Banner Elk intended for future recreational field.
7. Property size (acres): 10 acre
8. Nearest body of water (stream/river/sound/ocean/lake): Shawneehaw Creek
9. River Basin: Watauga River Basin
(Note - this must be one of North Carolina's seventeen designated major river basins. The
River Basin map is available at llttp://li2o.enr.state.nc.us/admin/maps/.)
Page 4 of 12
10. Describe the purpose of the proposed work: To improve water quality and aquatic habitat
by reducing sedimentation; improve stream stability; and improve riparian and floodplain
functionality. This is not a mitigation project.
11. List the type of equipment to be used to construct the project: Trackhoe Excavator;
Loader; Dump Truck; Hand Labor.
12. Describe the land use in the vicinity of this project: Town Park; Playground.
IV. Prior Project History
If jurisdictional determinations and/or permits have been requested and/or obtained for this
project (including all prior phases of the same subdivision) in the past, please explain. Include
the USACE Action ID Number, DWQ Project Number, application date, and date permits and
certifications were issued or withdrawn. Provide photocopies of previously issued permits,
certifications or other useful information. Describe previously approved wetland, stream and
buffer impacts, along with associated mitigation (where applicable). If this is a NCDOT project,
list and describe permits issued for prior segments of the same T.I.P. project, along with
construction schedules.
N/A
V. Future Project Plans
Are any additional permit requests anticipated for this project in the future?
anticipated work, and provide justification for the exclusion of this work
application: N/A
VI. Proposed Impacts to Waters of the United States/Waters of the State
It is the applicant's (or agent's) responsibility to determine, delineate and map all impacts to
wetlands, open water, and stream channels associated with the project. The applicant must also
provide justification for these impacts in Section VII below. All proposed impacts, permanent
and temporary, must be listed herein, and must be clearly identifiable on an accompanying site
plan. All wetlands and waters, and all streams (intermittent and perennial) must be shown on a
delineation map, whether or not impacts are proposed to these systems. Wetland and stream
evaluation and delineation forms should be included as appropriate. Photographs may be
included at the applicant's discretion. If this proposed impact is strictly for wetland or stream
If so, describe the
from the current
Page 5 of 12
mitigation, list and describe the impact in Section VIII below. If additional space is needed for
listing or description, please attach a separate sheet.
1. Wetland Impacts
Wetland Impact
Site Number
(indicate on ma)
Type of Impact* Area of
Impact
(acres) Located within
100-year Floodplain**
(es/no) Distance to
Nearest Stream
linear feet)
Type of Wetland***

* List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: mechanized clearing, grading, riu,
excavation, flooding, ditching/drainage, etc. For dams, separately list impacts due to both stricture and flooding.
** 100-Year floodplains are identified through the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Maps
(FIRM), or FEMA-approved local floodplain maps. Maps are available through the FEMA Map Service Center at 1-800-358-9616, or
online at http://www.tema.gov.
*** List a wetland type that best describes wetland to be impacted (e.g., freshwater/saltwater marsh, forested wetland, beaver pond,
Carolina Bay, bog, etc.)
List the total acreage (estimated) of existing wetlands on the property: N/A
Total area of wetland impact proposed: N/A
2. Stream Impacts, including all intermittent and perennial streams
Stream Impact
Site Number
(indicate on ma)
Type of Impact* Length of
Impact
linear feet)
Stream Name** Average Width
of Stream
Before Impact Perennial or
Intermittent?
(please seci )
Phase II Stabilization 800 Shawneehaw 18 ft Perennial

* List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: culverts and associated rip-rap,
dams (separately list impacts due to both structure and flooding), relocation (include linear feet before and after, and net loss/gain),
stabilization activities (cement wall, rip-rap, crib wall, gabions, etc.), excavation, ditching/straightening, etc. If stream relocation is
proposed, plans and profiles showing the linear footprint for both the original and relocated streams must be included.
** Stream names can be found on USGS topographic maps. If a stream has no name, list as U"r (unnamed tributary) to the nearest
downstream named stream into which it flows. USGS maps are available through the USGS at 1-800-358-9616, or online at
www.umZs.aov. Several internet sites also allow direct download and printing of USGS maps (e.g., www.topozone.com,
www.mapquest.com, etc.).
Cumulative impacts (linear distance in feet) to all streams on site: 800
Page 6 of 12
3. Open Water Impacts, including Lakes, Ponds, Estuaries, Sounds, Atlantic Ocean and any
other Water of the U.S.
Open Water Impact
Site Number
(indicate on ma)
Type of Impact* Area of
Impact
(acres) Name of Waterbody
(if applicable) Type of Waterbody
(lake, pond, estuary, sound,
bay, ocean, etc.)

* List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: till, excavation, dredging,
flooding, drainage, bulkheads, etc.
4. Pond Creation
If construction of a pond is proposed, associated wetland and stream impacts should be
included above in the wetland and stream impact sections. Also, the proposed pond should
be described here and illustrated on any maps included with this application.
Pond to be created in (check all that apply): ? uplands ? stream ? wetlands
Describe the method of construction (e.g., dam/embankment, excavation, installation of
draw-down valve or spillway, etc.):
Proposed use or purpose of pond (e.g., livestock watering, irrigation, aesthetic, trout pond,
local stormwater requirement, etc.):
Size of watershed draining to pond: Expected pond surface area:
VII. Impact Justification (Avoidance and Minimization)
Specifically describe measures taken to avoid the proposed impacts. It may be useful to provide
information related to site constraints such as topography, building ordinances, accessibility, and
financial viability of the project. The applicant may attach drawings of alternative, lower-impact
site layouts, and explain why these design options were not feasible. Also discuss how impacts
were minimized once the desired site plan was developed. If applicable, discuss construction
techniques to be followed during construction to reduce impacts.
The project will enhance stream stability by protecting streambanks providing grade control
improving bed features and reducing sediment concentrations in the stream. Stream impacts
during construction will be minimized by working from the streambank and limiting
ground disturbance to only those areas in the immediate vicinity of instream structures.
Page 7 of 12
VIII. Mitigation
DWQ - In accordance with 15A NCAC 2H .0500, mitigation may be required by the NC
Division of Water Quality for projects involving greater than or equal to one acre of impacts to
freshwater wetlands or greater than or equal to 150 linear feet of total impacts to perennial
streams.
USACE - In accordance with the Final Notice of Issuance and Modification of Nationwide
Permits, published in the Federal Register on March 9, 2000, mitigation will be required when
necessary to ensure that adverse effects to the aquatic environment are minimal. Factors
including size and type of proposed impact and function and relative value of the impacted
aquatic resource will be considered in determining acceptability of appropriate and practicable
mitigation as proposed. Examples of mitigation that may be appropriate and practicable include,
but are not limited to: reducing the size of the project; establishing and maintaining wetland
and/or upland vegetated buffers to protect open waters such as streams; and replacing losses of
aquatic resource functions and values by creating, restoring, enhancing, or preserving similar
functions and values, preferable in the same watershed.
If mitigation is required for this project, a copy of the mitigation plan must be attached in order
for USACE or DWQ to consider the application complete for processing. Any application
lacking a required mitigation plan or NCWRP concurrence shall be placed on hold as
incomplete. An applicant may also choose to review the current guidelines for stream restoration
in DWQ's Draft Technical Guide for Stream Work in North Carolina, available at
http://h2o.enr.state.ne.us/nc\vetIands/strmgide.htm1.
1. Provide a brief description of the proposed mitigation plan. The description should provide
as much information as possible, including, but not limited to: site location (attach directions
and/or map, if offsite), affected stream and river basin, type and amount (acreage/linear feet)
of mitigation proposed (restoration, enhancement, creation, or preservation), a plan view,
preservation mechanism (e.g., deed restrictions, conservation easement, etc.), and a
description of the current site conditions and proposed method of construction. Please attach
a separate sheet if more space is needed.
N/A
Page 8 of 12
Identify the square feet and acreage of impact to each zone of the riparian buffers. If buffer
mitigation is required calculate the required amount of mitigation by applying the buffer
multipliers.
Zone* Impact
(square feet) Multiplier Required-
Mitigation
1 3
2 1.5
Total
Zone t extends out 30 feet perpendicular trom near bank of channel; Gone z extenos an
additional 20 feet from the edge of Zone 1.
If buffer mitigation is required, please discuss what type of mitigation is proposed (i.e., Donation
of Property, Conservation Easement, Riparian Buffer Restoration / Enhancement, Preservation or
Payment into the Riparian Buffer Restoration Fund). Please attach all appropriate information as
identified within 15A NCAC 213 .0242 or .0260.
XI. Stormwater (DWQ Only)
Describe impervious acreage (both existing and proposed) versus total acreage on the site.
Discuss stormwater controls proposed in order to protect surface waters and wetlands
downstream from the property.
No impervious acreage existing or proposed for this project
XII. Sewage Disposal (DWQ Only)
Clearly detail the ultimate treatment methods and disposition (non-discharge or discharge) of
wastewater generated from the proposed project, or available capacity of the subject facility.
N/A
XIII. Violations (DWQ Only)
Is this site in violation of DWQ Wetland Rules (15A NCAC 2H.0500) or any Buffer Rules?
Yes ? No g
Is this an after-the-fact permit application?
Yes ? No
XNJ
Page 10 of 12
XIV. Other Circumstances (Optional):
It is the applicant's responsibility to submit the application sufficiently in advance of desired
construction dates to allow processing time for these permits. However, an applicant may
choose to list constraints associated with construction or sequencing that may impose limits on
work schedules (e.g., draw-down schedules for lakes, dates associated with Endangered and
Threatened Species, accessibility problems, or other issues outside of the applicant's control).

O
Applicant/AgentCSig?ature / Date
(Agent's signature is valid only if an authorization letter from the applicant is provided.)
US Army Corps Of Engineers Field Offices and County Coverage
Asheville Regulatory Field Office Alexander Cherokee Iredell Mitchell
US Army Corps of Engineers Avery Clay Jackson Polk
151 Patton Avenue Buncombe Cleveland Lincoln Rowan
Room 208 Burke Gaston Macon Rutherford
Asheville, NC 28801-5006 Cabarrus Graham Madison Stanley
Telephone: [phone] Caldwell Haywood McDowell Swain
Fax: [phone] Catawba Henderson Mecklenburg Transylvania
Raleigh Regulatory Field Office Alamance Durham Johnston Rockingham
US Army Corps Of Engineers Alleghany Edgecombe Lee Stokes
6508 Falls of the Neuse Road Ashe Franklin Nash Surry
Suite 120 Caswell Forsyth Northampton Vance
Raleigh, NC 27615 Chatham Granville Orange Wake
Telephone: [phone] Davidson Guilford Person Warren
Fax: [phone] Davie Halifax Randolph Wilkes
Washington Regulatory Field Office Beaufort Currituck Jones
US Army Corps Of Engineers Bertie Dare Lenoir
Post Office Box 1000 Camden Gates Martin
Washington, NC 27889-1000 Carteret* Green Pamlico
Telephone: [phone] Chowan Hertford Pasquotank
Fax: [phone] Craven Hyde Perquimans
Wilmington Regulatory Field Office
US Army Corps Of Engineers
Post Office Box 1890
Wilmington, NC 28402-1890
Telephone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Anson Duplin Onslow
Bladen Harnett Pender
Brunswick Hoke Richmond
Carteret Montgomery Robeson
Columbus Moore Sampson
Cumberland New Hanover Scotland
P itt
Tyrrell
Washington
Wayne
Union
Watauga
Yancey
Wilson
Yadkin
*Croatan National Forest Only
Page 1 I of 12
US Fis
US Fish and Wildlife Service
Raleigh Field Office
Post Office Box 33726
Raleigh, NC 27636-3726
Telephone: [phone]
h and Wildlife Service / National N
US Fish and Wildlife Service
Asheville Field Office
160 Zillicoa Street
Asheville, NC 28801
Telephone: [phone]
[arine Fisheries Service
National Marine Fisheries Service
Habitat Conservation Division
Pivers Island
Beaufort, NC 28516
Telephone: [phone]
North Carolina State Agencies
Division of Water Quality
401 Wetlands Unit
1650 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1650
Telephone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Division of Water Quality
Wetlands Restoration Program
1619 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1619
Telephone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
CAMA and NC Coastal Counties
State Historic Preservation Office
Department Of Cultural Resources
4617 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-4617
Telephone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Division of Coastal Management Beaufort Chowan Hertford - Pasquotank
1638 Mail Service Center Bertie Craven Hyde Pender
Raleigh, NC 27699-1638 Brunswick Currituck New Hanover Perquimans
Telephone: [phone] Camden Dare Onslow Tyrrell
Fax: [phone] Carteret Gates Pamlico Washington
NCWRC and NC Trout Counties
Western Piedmont Region Coordinator Alleghany Caldwell Watauga
3855 Idlewild Road Ashe Mitchell Wilkes
Kernersville, NC 27284-9180 Avery Stokes
Telephone: [phone] Burke Surry
Mountain Region Coordinator Buncombe Henderson Polk
20830 Great Smoky Mtn. Expressway Cherokee Jackson Rutherford
Waynesville, NC 28786 Clay Macon Swain
Telephone: [phone] Graham Madison Transylvania
Fax: [phone] Haywood McDowell Yancey
Page 12 of 12
Shawneehaw Creek
Stream Enhancement Plan
Phase II
Prepared For:
Watauga River Basin Nonpoint Source Team
NC Clean Water Management Trust Fund
March 2001
Prepared By:
r
Gregor . Jenni gs, P .D., P.E.
Associate Professor, North Carolina State University
Dani Wise-Frederick, NCSU
Karen Hall, NCSU
Mike Pitman, NCSU
INTRODUCTION
The project site is an 800-ft reach of Shawneehaw Creek with a 3-square-mile watershed located
in Banner Elk, NC (Figures 1 and 2). This project is a continuation of Phase I which enhanced
860 feet of Shawneehaw Creek immediately upstream from Phase 11 and was completed in 2000-
2001. Components of Phase I included installation of 6 boulder cross vanes and 20 root wads,
streambank grading, and planting of the riparian corridor. Both projects are located in a Park
owned by the Town of Banner Elk. Shawneehaw Creek is a tributary to the Elk River and the
Watauga River. Water quality concerns in the Watauga River Basin include sedimentation from
streambank erosion and loss of habitat resulting from poor riparian vegetation and channel
alterations.
Project goals are to: (1) improve water quality and aquatic habitat by reducing sedimentation; (2)
improve stream stability; and (3) improve riparian and floodplain functionality. These goals will
be met by implementing a natural channel design that enhances the channel's dimension, pattern
and profile to a natural, stable form.
EXISTING CONDITION
The project reach is 800 feet long and includes both sides of the stream. The stream is located in
a wide alluvial valley in the Mountain physiographic region. The stream channel has been
straightened and moved to the edge of the valley. There is a steep vegetated hillslope beyond the
right streambank of most of the reach. Just beyond the left streambank is a sewer line following
the entire length of the project reach. The alluvial valley and floodprone area is located beyond
the left streambank and extends approximately 300 feet to the next hillslope.
The project reach is classified as a C4 Rosgen Stream Type with bank height ratios near 1.0.
Previous channelization and buffer removal has caused moderate channel widening and some
bank instabilities. Streambank erosion is moderate along the project reach. Channelization has
also caused a significant loss of pools. The bedforms are mostly riffles and runs. The riparian
area is predominantly grass with few trees and little shade over the stream.
BANKFULL VERIFICATION
Bankfull stage is the top of the streambank for this reach. The reach is located on a flat alluvial
floodplain and contains bedrock which maintains the grade and prevents downcutting. The cross
sectional areas measured in the field are shown in Figure 3 in relation to the NC Mountain
Regional Curve. The measured bankfull cross section areas are lower than would be expected on
the regional curve because of the extensive forested areas in the watershed and the lack of
channel incision observed in this reach.
4
66
i?
y \ IL

U •
?W
U ?
3 ?
Ct
.-.r
? •o
? a
ct
w
U-
o
1r
c?
a
• * ct U
r
S
00
r
M r
NC Rural Mountain Regional Curve
1000
E
N
d
Q
W 100
N
X
Y
c
m
GO
10
0000
_- - ? ---- -__-- ? Regional Curve Data
-- - - -- - -
¦ XSEC 0+97
? XSEC 5+08
''K XSEC 6+33
1 10 100 1000
y = 21.61 x"' Drainage Area (sq mi)
R2 = 0.89
Figure 3. Shawneehaw Creek Phase II Bankfull Cross-Section Areas in Relation to the NC
Mountain Regional Curve.
REFERENCE REACH ANALYSES
Basin Creek was selected as the reference reach for this project because of its close proximity
and similar stream type. Basin Creek is located along the Blue Ridge escarpment and is the
headwaters of the Yadkin River. The USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, the NC
Stream Restoration Institute and graduate students in the Department of Biological and
Agricultural Engineering conducted three separate reference reach surveys. The reference reach
values and ratios are shown on the design table in the Appendix.
NATURAL CHANNEL DESIGN
The plan view of the natural channel design is shown in Figure 4 with design parameters listed in
Appendix 2. Overall, the dimension, pattern, and profile of the project reach are moderately
stable with a vegetated riparian buffer on the right side and some diversity of riffle and pools.
However, the lack of riparian buffer on the left side and the close proximity of the hillslope in
the middle of the reach have caused localized instabilities.
The design approach includes installing cross vanes, stabilizing the eroding streambanks, and
installing a bankfull bench near station 5+00 to reduce streambank erosion. The bankfull bench
along the right streambank will be approximately 10 feet wide with the toe of the bank stabilized
with root wads and two rock vanes. The top of the bankfull bench will be planted with a variety
of native species. Seven cross vanes will be constructed to protect streambanks, narrow the
channel width, enhance pool habitat, and provide grade control. Root wads will be installed
along the outside of meander bends to improve streambank stability and fish habitat.
2
m
4.
r
'
Al
.r
\ yt f " r t` r r ?+
a aryl ?q{y ? i-
W 'T? fly ? a .9 n ?` ",
CJ? ?? ? +? • 3-r ? I
?+a/ ? .i ? ? ? + ,a ,, Ali`' ¦ ?? ' S 1, r ? ? ?
A 25-ft riparian buffer will be established from the top of the streambank. Live cuttings of black
willow and silky dogwood will be staked along each meander bend. A combination of native
herbaceous and woody vegetation will be established in the riparian buffer. Permanent seeding
will include native grasses and woody vegetation. Temporary vegetation for erosion control will
include annual rye (cool season) or millet (warm season) depending on the construction
schedule. The existing tree buffer along the right bank will be maintained in its current condition.
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT
A stable stream has the capacity to move its sediment load without aggrading or degrading over
time. The total load of sediment can be divided into bedload and suspended load. Suspended load
is normally composed of fine sand, silt and clay particles transported in the water column.
Bedload is transported by rolling, sliding, or hopping (saltating) along the bed. The movement of
sediment particles depends on the energy of the stream and their physical properties. Grain size
has a direct influence on the mobility of a given particle. Critical dimensionless shear stress ('c*,;)
is a measure of the force required to move a given size particle resting on the channel bed. It can
be calculated for a gravel-bed stream using a surface and subsurface particle sample from a
representative riffle in the reach.
-0.872
d.
T *r; = 0.083 [Equation 1]
d5o
Where, i*ci = critical dimensionless shear stress
d; = median particle size of riffle bed surface (mm)
d5o = median particle size of subsurface sample (mm)
Critical dimensionless shear stress can then be used in the following equation to predict the
minimum water depth required to move the d84 of the pavement sample. The water depth is
calculated by:
Dcr =
1.65T *,.; d 84 ,,b
[Equation 2]
S
Where, Dcr = water depth (ft)
T*Ci = critical dimensionless shear stress
d84sub = d84 of subpavement sample (ft)
s = average channel slope (ft/ft)
Critical dimensionless shear stress was calculated for Shawneehaw Creek on a
pavement/subpavement analysis conducted near station 4+00. The d50 of the pavement sample
was 6.5 mm, and d50 for the subpavement was 15 mm. Using Equation 1, the critical
dimensionless shear stress = 0.04.
To find the depth of water necessary to move the d84 of the pavement sample (=90 mm),
Equation 2 was used. A critical depth of 1.1 ft was calculated. This means that at a water depth
of 1.1 ft in the design channel, particles up to 90 mm in size would be mobile. The mean bankfull
depth for the proposed restoration design is 1.5 ft. Therefore, the design channel would be able to
transport the materials without aggrading. As a check, boundary shear stress was calculated for
the design dimension and compared with Shields Curve. The shear stress placed on the sediment
particles is the force that entrains and moves the particles, given by:
z = yRs [Equation 3]
Where, r = shear stress (lb/fta)
y = specific gravity of water (62.4 lb/ft)
R = hydraulic radius (ft)
s = average channel slope (ft/ft)
If the shear stress is determined from the Shield's diagram to move a particle size that is
significantly larger or smaller than the d84 of the pavement sample, then the sinuosity may need
to be increased or decreased respectively, in order to adjust the average channel slope, thus
adjusting the shear stress. Boundary shear stress was calculated for the design using Equation 3,
and equaled 0.82 Ibs/ftz. From Shields diagram (Figure 5), this shear stress value would be able
to move a particle size of approximately 60 mm.
1000
100
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CONSTRUCTION
Construction Materials Estimate
Item Quantity Units Description
Boulders 500 TONS 6ft X 4ft X 3ft
Root Wads 30 See Appendix
Erosion Mat 2000 SQ FT C 125BN
Rye rain 400 LBS Apply at 130 lbs/ac
Fertilizer 1200 LBS Apply at 435 Ibs/ac
Mulch 50 BALES Apply at 130 bales/ac
The following equipment is mandatory for the project:
• Track hoe with a hydraulic thumb.
• Track loader
• Chain saws
• All other equipment and materials necessary to complete the job as described
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Shawneehaw Phase II
Parameter Design Existing Reference
Reach Name Shawneehaw Shawneehaw Basin Cr
Bankfull XSEC Area, Abkf (ft) 30.0 26.0 57.4
Bankfull Width, Wbkf (ft) 20.0 22.0 30.7
Bankfull Mean Depth, Dbkf (ft) 1.5 1.2 1.9
Width to Depth Ratio, W/D (ft/ft) 13.3 18.6 16.4
Entrenchment Ratio, Wf a/Wbkf (ft/ft) 4.5 4.5 2.8
Bank Height Ratio, Dtob/Dmax (ft/ft) 1.0 1.0 1.0
Min Bkf Max Depth, Dmax (ft) 2.1 1.3 ---
Min Bkf Max Depth, Dmax (ft) 3.3 2.6 ---
Min Bkf Max Depth Ratio, Dmax/Dbkf 1.4 1.1 1.2
Max Bkf Max Depth Ratio, Dmax/Dbkf 2.2 2.2 2.2
Min Meander Length, Lm (ft) 100 80 ---
Max Meander Length, Lm (ft) 200 230 ---
Min Meander Len Ratio, Lm/Wbkf 5.0 3.6 8.0
Max Meander Len Ratio, Lm/Wbkf 10.0 10.5 11.0
Min Radius of Curvature, Re (ft) 50 32 ---
Max Radius of Curvature, Re (ft) 100 125 ---
Min Rc Ratio, Re/Wbkf 2.5 1.5 2.4
Max Re Ratio, Rc/Wbkf 5.0 5.7 4.2
Min Belt Width, Wblt (ft) 60 55 ---
Max Belt Width, Whit (ft) 100 90 ---
Min MW Ratio, Wblt/Wbkf (ft) 3.0 2.5 3.5
Max MW Ratio, Wblt/Wbkf (ft) 5.0 4.1 4.0
Sinuosity, K 1.3 1.20 1.02
Valley Slope, Sval (ft/ft) 0.0132 0.0132 ---
Channel Slope, Schan=Sval/K (ft/ft) 0.0101 0.0109 ---
Pool Slope, Spool (ft/ft) 0.0003 0 ---
Pool Slope Ratio, Spool/Schan 0.03 0.00 0.05
Min Pool Depth, Dpool (ft) 3.0 2.3 ---
Max Pool Depth, Dpool (ft) 4.2 3.7 ---
Min Pool Depth Ratio, Dpool/Dbkf 2.0 1.9 1.6
Max Pool Depth Ratio, D ool/Dbkf 2.8 3.1 2.6
Min Pool Width, Wpool (ft) 22.0 21 ---
Max Pool Width, Wpool (ft) 28.0 25 ---
Min Pool Wid Ratio, W ool/Wbkf 1.1 1.0 1.3
Max Pool Wid Ratio, WpooVWbkf 1.4 1.1 1.5
Min Length Pool Spacing, L s (ft) 80 82 ---
Max Length Pool Spacing, L s (ft) 140 165 ---
Min Pool Spacing Ratio, L s/Wbkf 4.0 3.7 5.0
Max Pool Spacing Ratio, L s/Wbkf 7.0 7.5 8.0
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f`1- North Carohna Wildlife Resources Coinmissi011
Charles R. FtIllwoocl, f.XCCUUVCt Director
MEMORANDUM
TO: David Baker, Pennit Coordinator
Asheville Office, U.S. Army Cotes of Engineers
FROM: Ron Linville, Regional Coordinatoir, ,/C/
Habitat Conservation Program
DATE: April 17, 2001
SUBJECT: Review of Application by Greg Jennings, Shawneehaw Creek Phase iI Enhancement,
Shawneehaw Creek, Town of Banner Elk, Avery County
The applicant is requesting a letter of concurrence from the North Carolina Wildlife Resources
Commission (NCWRC) to obtain a 404 pennit from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for the referenced
stream enhancement project. The project will include 800 linear feet of riparian and floodplain function
enhancement, including instream structure placement. The NCWRC has reviewed information provided by
the applicant, and field biologists on our staff are familiar with habitat values of the project area. These
comments are provided in accordance with provisions of the Clean Water Act of 1977 (33 U.S.C. 466 et.
seq.) and the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act (48 Stat. 401, as amended; 16 U.S.C. 661-667d).
The Elk River is Designated Public Mountain Trout Water that supports brown and rainbow trout.
Wild brown trout are found in the area. Based on the information provided by the applicant and our
information on the range of trout in the project area, we do not believe this project will cause significant
effects to waters supporting trout provided the following conditions are implemented:
1. Insh•eam work and land disturbance within the 25-foot wide buffer zone should be prohibited during
the trout spawning seasons of October 15 through April 15 to protect the egg and fry stages of trout.
2 Native materials and vegetation should he utilized to the extent practicable for the project.
3. New equipment or equipment in very good condition should be used for all instream work. Spill
containment equipment should be readily available (on site).
4. Sediment and erosion control measures shall adhere to the design standards for sensitive watersheds
(15A NCAC 4B.0024).
5. Temporary or permanent herbaceous vegetation should be planted on all bare soil within 5 days of
ground disturbing activities to provide long-term erosion control.
In addition to the above conditions, the applicant should consider increasing the use of' native trees
and shrubs to improve shading of the stream. This should provide additional aesthetics as well as provide
for cooler stream water. Thank you for the opportunity to review and comment on this project. if you have
any questions regarding these comments, please contact me at 336/769-9453.
Cc: John Dorney, DWQ
Greg Jennings, NCSU
Madill,, Address: Division of lul<<ncl I'ishcru.s • 1721 Mail 5cr?ice Cvmer • R,delgh,NC 2 7699-1 72 1
Telephone: [phone] ext. 281 1 Fax: [phone]