20010307 Ver 1_COMPLETE FILE_20010302

X001
DEM ID: CORPS ACTION ID: _
NATIONWIDE PERMIT REQUESTED (PROVIDE NATIONWIDE PERMIT w?'??`.` , r•
#): 27
PRE-CONSTRUCTION NOTIFICATION APPLICATION
FOR NATIONWIDE PERMITS THAT REQUIRE:
1) NOTIFICATION TO THE CORPS OF ENGINEERS
2) APPLICATION FOR SECTION 401 CERTIFICATION
3) COORDINATION WITH THE NC DIVISION OF COASTAL MANAGEMENT
SEND THE ORIGINAL AND (1) COPY OF THIS COMPLETED FORM TO THE
APPROPRIATE FIELD OFFICE OF THE CORPS OF ENGINEERS (SEE
AGENCY ADDRESSES SHEET). SEVEN (7) COPIES SHOULD BE SENT TO
THE N.C. DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (SEE AGENCY
ADDRESSES SHEET). PLEASE PRINT.
1. OWNERS NAME:Sidney Floyd Brendle
2. MAILING ADDRESS: 139 N Brenhaven
UBDIVISION NAME:
CITY: Elkin STATE: NC ZIP CODE: 28621
PROJECT LOCATION ADDRESS, INCLUDING SUBDIVISION NAME (IF
DIFFERENT FROM MAILING ADDRESS ABOVE): Possum Trop Valley
3. TELEPHONE NUMBER (HOME): 336-835-2264 (WORK): 336-526-
2434
4. IF APPLICABLE: AGENT'S NAME OR RESPONSIBLE CORPORATE
OFFICIAL,ADDRESS, PHONE NUMBER: Dick Everhart, Natural
Resources Conservation Service P.O. Box 218, Dobson NC
27017
5. LOCATION OF WORK (PROVIDE A MAP, PREFERABLY A COPY OF
USGS TOPOGRAPHIC MAP OR AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY WITH SCALE):
COUNTY: Surry NEAREST TOWN OR CITY: Elkin
SPECIFIC LOCATION (INCLUDE ROAD NUMBERS, LANDMARKS, ETC.)
End of road in Possum Trot Valley. Difficult to locate.
Contact Dick Everhart for help in finding the site.
6. IMPACTED OR NEAREST STREAM/RIVER: South Fork Mitchell
RIVER BASIN: Yadkin
7a. IS PROJECT LOCATED NEAR WATER CLASSIFIED AS TROUT, TIDAL
SALTWATER(SA), HIGH QUALITY WATERS (HQW), OUTSTANDING
RESOURCE WATERS (ORW) , WATER SUPPLY(ws-I OR WS-II) ? YES [ ] NO [X]
IF YES, EXPLAIN:
7b. IF THE PROJECT IS LOCATED WITHIN A NORTH CAROLINA DIVISION OF
COASTAL MANAGEMENT ARE OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN (AEC)? YES [ ] NO [ ]
7c. IF THE PROJECT IS LOCATED WITHIN A COASTAL COUNTY (SEE PAGE 7 FOR
LIST OF COASTAL COUNTIES), WHAT IS THE LAND USE PLAN (LUP) DESIGNATION:
8a. HAVE ANY SECTION 404 PERMITS BEEN PREVIOUSLY REQUESTED FOR USE ON
THIS PROPERTY? YES [ ] NO [X] IF YES, PROVIDE ACTION I.D. NUMBER OF
PREVIOUS PERMIT AND ANY ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (INCLUDE PHOTOCOPY OF 401
CERTIFICATION):
8b. ARE ADDITIONAL PERMIT REQUESTS EXPECTED FOR THIS PROPERTY IN THE
FUTURE? YES [ ] NO [X] IF YES, DESCRIBE ANTICIPATED WORK:
9A. ESTIMATED TOTAL NUMBER OF ACRES IN TRACT OF LAND: 20
9B. ESTIMATED TOTAL NUMBER OF ACRES OF WETLANDS LOCATED ON PROJECT SITE:
2
10A. NUMBER OF ACRES OF WETLANDS IMPACTED BY THE PROPOSED PROJECT BY:
FILLING:
FLOODING:
DRAINAGE:
EXCAVATION:
OTHER:
TOTAL ACRES TO BE IMPACTED: 0
10B. (1) STREAM CHANNEL TO BE IMPACTED BY THE PROPOSED PROJECT (IF
RELOCATED, PROVIDE DISTANCE BOTH BEFORE AND AFTER RELOCATION):
LENGTH BEFORE: 1100 FT AFTER: 1100 FT
WIDTH BEFORE (based on normal high water contours): 35 FT
WIDTH AFTER:
AVERAGE DEPTH BEFORE: 2.5 FT AFTER: 2.5 FT
(2) STREAM CHANNEL IMPACTS WILL RESULT FROM: (CHECK ALL THAT APPLY)
OPEN CHANNEL RELOCATION: X PLACEMENT OF PIPE IN CHANNEL:
CHANNEL ELEVATION: CONSTRUCTION OF A DAM/FLOODING:
OTHER:
11. IF CONSTRUCTION OF A POND IS PROPOSED, WHAT IS THE SIZE OF THE
WATERSHED DRAINING TO THE POND? N/a
WHAT IS THE EXPECTED POND SURFACE AREA? N/a
12. DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED WORK INCLUDING DISCUSSION OF TYPE OF
MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT TO BE USED (ATTACH PLANS: 8%" x 11" DRAWINGS ONLY):
See enclosed report
13. PURPOSE OF PROPOSED WORK: See enclosed report
3
- 'tiod5490 BUCK ENGINEERING PAGE 05
14. STATE REASONS WHY IT IS BELIEVED THAT THIS ACTIVITY MUST BE CARRIED
OUT IN WETLANDS. (INCLUDE ANY MEASURES TAKEN TO MINIMIZE WETLAND
IMPACTS):
See clog re O
15. YOU ARE REQUIRED TO CONTACT THE STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER
(SHPO) (SEE AGENCY ADDRESSES SHEET) REGARDING THE PRESENCE OF HISTORIC
PROPERTIES IN THE PERMIT AREA WHICH MAY BE AFFECTED BY THE PROPOSED
PROJECT. DATE CONTACTED=
16• DOES THE PROJECT INVOLVE AN EXPENDITURE Off' PUBLIC FUNDS OR THE USE
OF PUBLIC (STATE) LAND? YES [X] NO [ ] (IF NO, GO TO 16)
a. IF YES, DOES THE PROJECT REQUIRE PREPARATION OF AN ENVIRONMENTAL
DOCUMENT PURSUANT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL. POLICY ACT?
YES [ ) NO [XI
b. IF YES, HAS THE DOCUMENT BEEN REVIEWED THROUGH THE NOR'T'H CAROLINA
DEPARTMEN'T' OF ADMINISTRATION STATE CLEARINGHOUSE? YES ( l NO ( ]
IF ANSWER TO 17b IS YES, THEN SUBMIT APPROPRIATE DOCUMENTATION FROM THE
STATE CLEARINGHOUSE TO DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT REGARDING
COMPLIANCE WITH THE NORTH CAROLINA ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT.
QUESTIONS REGARDING THE STATE CLEARINGHOUSE REVIEW PROCESS SHOULD BE
DIRECTED TO MS. CHRYS BAGGETT, DIRECTOR STATE CLEARINGHOUSE, NORTH
CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF ADMINISTRATION, 1302 Marl Service Center,
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27699-1302, TELEPHONE [phone].
17. THE FOLLOWING ITEMS SHOULD BE INCLUDED WITH THIS APPLICATION IF
PROPOSED ACTIVITY INVOLVES THE DISCHARGE OF EXCAVATED-OR FILL MATERIAL
INTO WETLANDS: a. WETLAND DELINEATION MAP SHOWING ALL WETLANDS, STREAMS,
LAKES AND PONDS ON THE PROPERTY (FOR NATIONWIDE PERMIT NUMBERS 14, 18,
21, 26, 29, AND 38). ALL STREAMS (INTERMITTENT AND PERMANENT) ON THE
PROPERTY MUST BE SHOWN ON THE MAP. MAP SCALES SHOULD BE 1 INCH EQUALS 50
FEET OR 1 INCH EQUALS 100 FEET OR THEIR EQUIVALENT.
b. IF AVAILABLE, REPRESENTATIVE PHOTOGRAPH OF WETLANDS TO BE IMPACTED BY
PROJECT.
c. IF DELINEATION WAS PERFORMED BY A CONSULTANT, INCLUDE ALL DATA SHEETS
RELEVANT TO THE PLACEMENT OF THE DELINEATION LINE.
d. ATTACH A COPY OF THE STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN IF REQUIRED.
e. WHAT IS LAND USE OF SURROUNDING PROPERTY? _ Agricultural
f. IF APPLICA..9LE, WHAT IS PROPOSED METHOD OF SEWAGE DISPOSAL?
S. SIGNED AND DATED BY AGENT AUTHORIZATION LETTER, IF APPLICABLE.
WETLANDS OR WATERS OF THE U.S. MAY NOT BE IMPACTED PRIOR TOi
1) ISSUANCE OF A SECTION 404 CORPS OF ENGINEERS PERMIT, AND
2) EITHER THE ISSUANCE OR WAIVER OF A 401 DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT (WATER QUALITY) CERTIFICATION.
b ?A? '3\ \t 6 \
OTdiTER' S/AG JT' SIGNATURE DAT DATE
(AGENT'S SIGNA YTIIE VALID ONLY
IF AUTHORIZATION LETTER FROM
THE OWNER IS PROVIDED (18G.))

O?O? W A T ?RQG
co
r
Q NC
April 2, 2001
Surry County
DWQ Project # 010307
APPROVAL of 401 Water Quality Certification and ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS
Sidney Floyd Brendle
139 North Brenhaven
Elkin, NC 28621
Dear Mr. Brendle:
You have our approval, in accordance with the attached conditions, to place fill material in 1,100 feet
of streams for the purpose of conducting stream enhancement activities, as you described in your
application dated March 5, 2001. After reviewing your application, we have decided that this fill is covered
by General Water Quality Certification Number 3257. This Certification allows you to use Nationwide
Permit Number 27 when the Corps of Engineers issues it. In addition, you should get any other federal,
state or local permits before you go ahead with your project including (but not limited to) Sediment and
Erosion Control, Coastal Stormwater, Non-Discharge and Water Supply Watershed regulations. Also
this approval will expire when the accompanying 404 or CAMA permit expires unless otherwise
specified in the General Certification.
This approval is only valid for the purpose and design that you described in your application. If you
change your project, you must notify us and send us a new application. If the property is sold, the new
owner must be given a copy of this Certification and approval letter and is thereby responsible for
complying with all conditions, If total wetland fills for this project (now or in the future) exceed one acre,
compensatory mitigation may be required as described in 15A NCAC 2H .0506 (h). For this approval to
be valid, you must follow the conditions listed in the attached certification. This approval shall expire when
the corresponding Nationwide Permit expires or as otherwise provided in the General Certification.
1. If this project is intended to be used for compensatory mitigation, then a monitoring plan
must be approved by DWQ.
If you do not accept any of the conditions of this certification, you may ask for an adjudicatory
hearing. You must act within 60 days of the date that you receive this letter. To ask for a hearing, send a
written petition which conforms to Chapter 150B of the North Carolina General Statutes to the Office of
Administrative Hearings, P.O. Box 27447, Raleigh, N.C. 27611-7447. This certification and its conditions
are final and binding unless you ask for a hearing.
This letter completes the review of the Division of Water Quality under Section 401 of the Clean
Water Act. If you have any questions, please telephone John Dorney at 919-733-1786.
Attachment
ince
.Steven
cc: Corps of Engineers Raleigh Field Office
Winston-Salem DWQ Regional Office
File Copy
Central Files
VOW Dick Everhart; Surry County NRCS
Division of Water Quality 1650 Mail Service Center Raleigh, NC 27699-1650
Wetlands/401 Unit: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Michael F. Easley
Governor
Sherri Evans-Stanton, Acting Secretary
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Kerr T. Stevens
Division of Water Quality
01 0307, South Fork Mitchell River Restoration, Surry Co.
Subject: 010307, South Fork Mitchell River Restoration, Surry Co.
Date: Tue, 27 Mar 2001 16:24:25 -0500
From: Jennifer Frye <[e-mail]>
Organization: NC DENR Water Quality
To: Cyndi Karoly <[e-mail]>
CC: Dave Penrose <[e-mail]>, Todd St John <[e-mail]>
Cyndi,
Staff Report completed. I don't have any problems with this project -
yet, it appears to me, they are walking the line between enhancement and
restoration - perhaps Todd or Dave would want to look at it too. I am
still learning this Rosgen crap.... ahem... excuse me.... "technique"...so
I am open to your office's perspective.
Thanks,
Jen
Jennifer Serafin Frye
Division of Water Quality
NC Department of Environment
Winston-Salem Regional Office
Winston-Salem, NC 27107
Voice: 336-771-4608 ext. 275
and Natural Resources
Fax: [phone]
I of 1 3/27/01 6:01 Pl\
South Fork Mitchell River
Stream Restoration Plan
Brendle Reach
Prepared For:
Surry Soil and Water Conservation District

1152 Executive Circle
Suite 100
Cary, NC 27511
p 10347
January 2001
South Fork Mitchell River
Stream Restoration Plan
Brendle Reach
Prepared For:
Surry Soil and Water Conservation District
February 2001
Design Report Prepared By Buck Engineering PC:
-AIA. ?' Ifap
William A. Harman .?q?tM CARO(••'•
Project Manager q?QEES$ ON•
9'yq'•.,?
S
?-- zZ l SEAL
f raj ??k "?%? 2 20335 = s
ames A. Buck P.E.
Principal Engineer S•;'yF?'y?~ ?,'?-?.•`?
.,?••?S?A„BO
Buck Engineering PC South Fork Mitchell River
Brendle Reach
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS .........................................................................
LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................
LIST OF TABLES ...................................................................................
INTRODUCTION AND GOALS ...........................................................
EXISTING CONDITION ........................................................................
BANKFULL VERIFICATION ...............................................................
REFERENCE REACH ANALYSES ......................................................
NATURAL CHANNEL DESIGN ...........................................................
Stream Crossing ...................................................................................
Riparian Vegetation .............................................................................
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT .....................................................................
CONSTRUCTION ..................................................................................
Construction Materials and Estimates ................................................
LIST OF FIGURES
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Figure 1: Project Location Ma 2
Figure 2: South Fork Mitchell, Brendle Reach Watershed Map ....................................... 3
Figure 3: Existing-Reach Plan View, Brendle Reach .................................................... 4
Figure 4: Streambank Erosion Near Longitudinal Station 6+25 ...................................... 5
Figure 5: Bankfull Indicator as Top of Point Bar ......................................................... 6
Figure 6: South Fork Mitchell River at Brendle Reach, Bankfull Cross Sectional Area Points
Overlaid with the Piedmont Regional Curve .................................................. 6
Figure 7: Design Reach Plan View ........................................................................ 9
Figure 8: Substrate Analysis for Brendle Reach ........................................................ 11
Figure 9: Shields Curve .....................................................................................13
LIST OF TABLES
Table l: Shear Stress Analysis ............................................................................. 12
Table 2: Construction Materials Estimate ............................................................... 13
APPENDIXES
Appendix 1: Existing Condition Survey (Longitudinal Profile and Cumulative Frequency Curves
for Pebble Counts)
Appendix 2: Natural Channel Design
Appendix 3: Instream Structures and Planting Specifications
Appendix 4: Photo Log
Buck Nngineering PC i South Fork Mitchell River
Brendle Reach
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South Fork Mitchell River
Stream Restoration Plan
Brendle Reach
INTRODUCTION AND GOALS
The project site has a 5.3 miz watershed located in the headwaters of the South Fork Mitchell
River Watershed as shown in Figure 1. The South Fork Mitchell River is a tributary to the
Mitchell and Yadkin Rivers. The watershed drainage area is shown in Figure 2. The Mitchell
River is classified by the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources as
Outstanding Resource Water (ORW) and Trout Water (TR). The South Fork Mitchell River is
listed as partially supporting its designated use and is impaired from nonpoint sources of
sediment and bacteria. The primary land use is agriculture. Streambank erosion is the leading
cause of sedimentation primarily from loss of riparian vegetation and channel alterations.
The goals of this project are to: 1) improve water quality and aquatic habitat in the South Fork
Mitchell River by reducing sedimentation, 2) improve stream stability, and 3) improve riparian
and floodplain functionality. These goals will be met by implementing a natural channel design
that restores the channel's dimension, pattern and profile to a natural, stable form.
EXISTING CONDITION
The project reach is located on the main stem of the South Fork Mitchell River and is owned by
Sidney Floyd Brendle. The existing project length is 1,100 feet and includes both sides of the
stream. The headwaters begin along the Blue Ridge escarpment and are characterized by Rosgen
A and B stream types. The Brendle Reach is located in a wide alluvial valley several miles from
the escarpment and borders the Mountain and Piedmont physiographic regions. The relative
relief for the project watershed is 1,895 feet. The stream channel has been straightened and
moved to the edge of the valley to maximize agricultural production. The hillslope is located
beyond the left streambank and is well vegetated. The majority of the alluvial valley and
floodprone area is located above the right streambank and extends 300 feet to the next hillslope.
The existing plan view is shown in Figure 3 and includes a facies map (riffles and pools). The
existing condition longitudinal profile and grain size cumulative frequency curve are shown in
Appendix 1 (The cross sections are in Appendix 2 with the design). The facies map on Figure 3
shows that the riffle/ pool sequence is atypical of a natural stable channel. In several places
riffles are found on the outside of the meander bend where a pool should be. The steeper sloped
riffles combined with tight radii of curvatures and poor riparian vegetation have created severe
bank erosion. An example is shown in Figure 4. Between longitudinal station 6+32 and 8+00, the
meander bends are too tight and a channel avulsion is imminent. Farther upstream, at
Buck Engineering PC 1 South Fork Mitchell River
Brendle Reach
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2000 0 2000 4000 Feet Figure 1
Project Location Map
Surry Soil and Water Conservation District
Surry County, North Carolina
i
Page 2

N

1000 0 1000 2000 3000 Feet Figure 2
Watershed Delineation Map
=mom Surry Soil and Water Conservation District
Surry County, North Carolina
i
Page 3

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NOTE: All elevations are relative
to an arbitrary benchmark.
(a) corresponds to photo log in Appendix 4.
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Engineering Survey for Stream Restoration Design Only
PRELIMINARY • DO NOT USE FOR CONSTRUCTION

Page 4
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1" = 75'
1' Contours
All Elevations in Feet
0 5o 100 150
2.2323•
Figure 3. Existing Reach Plan View '
Brendle Reach 01/15/01
,ry County Soil and Water II. EYe.W"Cftm
Conservation District c . Cry, Ni0o C NC " 01/18!01
?, ? nsii

longitudinal station 1+50, the stream is eroding into the hillslope. Fortunately, the toe of the
hillslope is predominately saprolite, which is impeding lateral recession.
Figure 4: Streambank erosion near longitudinal station 6+25. Note the absence of a riparian
buffer.
As mentioned above, the pebble count data are shown in Appendix 1. The cumulative frequency
curves show the reach wide distribution and the distributions stratified by riffles and pools. The
graph clearly shows a major shift to the left for the pool distribution, indicating that the pools are
filling with silt. All three distributions show a leftward shift as compared to reference reach
streams in this region. Field observation suggests that there is high to extreme bank erosion
upstream of the project reach. Most of the riffles and pools were underlain by coarser material
than what is represented on the graphs. Stream restoration of the project reach, as well as
upstream reaches should cause the stream to re-coarsen and improve aquatic habitats.
BANKFULL VERIFICATION
The bankfull indicators included the top of the streambank, the upper break in slope an d the
upper scour line. At cross section 6+32, bankfull was identified as the top of the point b ar. This
is unusual except in streams with an abundant sediment supply. As the pebble count da ta show,
. this stream reach has an excessive amount of fines coming both from bank erosion in th is reach
and from upstream sources. When this happens, the point bars often build to bankfull a s shown
. in Figure 5.

Buck Engineering PC 5 South Fork Mitchell River
Brendle Reach
The cross sectional areas measured in the field are shown on Figure 6 overlaid with the NC
Piedmont Regional Curve. The bankfull indicators at the Brendle reach match well with the
Regional Curve. Cross section 6+32 is slightly high; however, it is located in a pool and
therefore should be higher than the curve points, which were measured in stable riffles.
Figure 6: South Fork Mitchell River at Brendle Reach, Bankfull Cross Sectional Area Points
Overlaid with the Piedmont Regional Curve
NC Rural Piedmont Regional Curve
1000
? Regional Data
a ¦ XSEC 0+00
N
XSEC 5+29
a
so x XSEC 6+32
a
V 100 )K)SEC 10+03
W
N - WO
K
010
C
A
IM
10
1 10 100 1000
y = 21.43x° ss Drainage Area (Sq. mi)
RZ = 0.95
Buck Engineering PC 6 South Fork Mitchell River
Brendle Reach
Figure 5: Bankfull Indicator as top of point bar.

REFERENCE REACH ANALYSES
Basin Creek was selected as the reference reach for this project because of its close proximity
and similar stream type. Basin Creek is also located along the Blue Ridge escarpment and is the
headwaters of the Yadkin River. The USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, the NC
Stream Restoration Institute and graduate students in the Department of Biological and
Agricultural Engineering conducted three separate reference reach surveys. The reference reach
values and ratios are shown on the design table in Appendix 2.
NATURAL CHANNEL DESIGN
The plan view of the natural channel design is shown in Figure 7. The design parameters are
shown in Appendix 2. Overall, the dimension, pattern, and profile of the project reach is
moderately stable to stable with a forested riparian buffer on the left side, bedrock control in the
upper reach, and a diversity of riffle and pools. However, the lack of riparian buffer on the right
side and the close proximity of the hillslope in the upper reach have caused localized
instabilities. The natural channel design approach for this project includes stabilizing the eroding
streambanks and adjusting pattern between stations 6+00 and 8+00 to prevent a meander cutoff.
A bankfull bench is proposed along the left streambank between longitudinal stations 1+00 and
2+00. The bench will be approximately 5 feet wide and the toe of the bank will be stabilized with
root wads and a rock vane. The top of the bankfull bench will be planted with a variety of native
species. At longitudinal station 3+75, the mid channel bar will be removed and a cross vane will
be constructed to narrow the low flow and bankfull channel widths. At approximately stations
5+00 and 5+25, a j-hook vane and root wads will be installed, respectively. The purpose of these
structures is to improve streambank stability and fish habitat. The j-hook vane will be used to
create a scour hole underneath a large beech tree.

Between longitudinal stations 6+00 and 8+00, the channel will be re-constructed to increase the
radius of curvature and meander wavelength. The purpose of this adjustment is to prevent a
channel avulsion and meander cutoff. Cross vanes, root wads, and j-hook vanes will be used to
stabilize the channel and provide grade control (cross vane). Hay bales from the adjacent pasture
will be linked together and used to build the meander bend at station 5+29. The hay bales will be
used in conjunction with root wads and the j-hook vane and its primary use will be to provide a
planting medium for willow and silky dogwood stakes.
Stream Crossing
The existing stream crossing will be maintained at its current location. Type II filter fabric and
Class A stone will be used to improve the stability of the crossing. The fabric and stone will be
installed in accordance with NRCS standards. A detailed drawing is shown in Appendix 3.
Buck Engineering PC 7 South Fork Mitchell River
Brendle Reach
Riparian Vegetation
A 25 ft wide riparian buffer will be established along the right streambank. Live cuttings of black
willow and silky dogwood will be staked along each meander bend. A combination of native
herbaceous and woody vegetation will be established in the riparian buffer. Permanent seeding
will include, but not be limited to, switch grass (Punicum virgatum), deer-tongue grass (Panicum
clandestinurn), soft rush (Juncus effusus), sedge (Carex spp.), and bulrush (Scirpus spp.). Trees
and shrubs that may be used include, but not limited to, persimmon (Diospyros virginiana),
sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), river birch (Betula nigra), sweet birch (Betula lenta),
silverbell (Halesia caroliniana), spicebush (Lindera benzoin), alder (Alnus serrulata), and
pawpaw (Asimina triloba). Temporary vegetation for erosion control will include annual rye
(cool season) or millet (warm season) depending on the construction schedule. The buffer along
the left bank will be maintained in its current condition. Since the lower end of this project is a
Rosgen Gc stream type, it is imperative that a well-vegetated buffer remains intact. Refer to
Appendix 3 for details on planting specifications.
Buck Engineering PC 8 South Fork Mitchell River
Brendle Reach
NOTE: All elevations are relative
to an arbitrary benchmark.
(a) corresponds to photo log in Appendix 4
XSEC 0
Edge of Existing
Channel
0 Design Channel
Road
I
Bench Mark
Stream Crossing
Fill Area I Buffer
Buffer
nkfull Bench
crock
cross vane
Hook vane
Root Wad
1"=75'
All Elevations in Feet
0 50 100 150
Engineering Survey for Stream Restoration Design Only
PRELIMINARY - DO NOT USE FOR CONSTRUCTION
Page 9
Aatu c+Zy XSEC 6+32 XSLU 1U+U3
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT
A stable stream has the capacity to move its sediment load without aggrading or degrading over
time. The total load of sediment can be divided into bedload and suspended load. Suspended load
is normally composed of fine sand, silt and clay particles transported in the water column.
Bedload is transported by rolling, sliding, or hopping (saltating) along the bed.
The movement of sediment particles depends on the energy of the stream and their physical
properties. Grain size has a direct influence on the mobility of a given particle. Critical
dimensionless shear stress (T",i) is a measure of the force required to move a given size particle
resting on the channel bed. It can be calculated for a gravel-bed stream using a surface and
subsurface particle sample from a representative riffle in the reach.
)-0,872
z * . = 0.0834 d' [Equation 1
d50
Where, i`C; = critical dimensionless shear stress
d; = median particle size of riffle bed surface (mm)
d50 = median particle size of subsurface sample (mm)
Critical dimensionless shear stress can then be used in the following equation to predict the
minimum water depth required to move the d84 of the pavement sample. The water depth is
calculated by:
1.65-c * d84
Dcr = " "`h [Equation 2]
S
Where, Dcr = water depth (ft)
i"C; = critical dimensionless shear stress
d84511h = d84 of subpavement sample (ft)
s = average channel slope (ft/ft)
Critical dimensionless shear stress was calculated for the Brendle Reach on a pavement/
subpavement analysis conducted near station 9+00. The d50 of the pavement sample was 52 mm,
and d50 for the subpavement was 22 mm (Figure 8). Using Equation 1, the critical dimensionless
shear stress = 0.039 (Table 1).
Buck Engineering PC 10 South Fork Mitchell River
Brendle Reach

Figure 8: Substrate Analysis for Brendle Branch. (Sample collected near station 9+00).
South Fork Mitchell River Brendle Reach
Pavement Vs SubPavement Analysis
too
90
so
70
0
87 60
50
E
U 40
30
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10
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0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
Particle Size (mm)
f Pavement --*--Sub Pavement
To find the depth of water necessary to move the d84 of the pavement sample (=60 mm),
Equation 2 was used. A critical depth of 1.9 ft was calculated. This means that at a water depth
of 19 ft in the design channel, particles up to 60 mm in size would be mobile. The mean bankfull
depth for the proposed restoration design is 2.4 ft. Therefore, the design channels would be able
to transport the materials without aggrading over time.
As a check, boundary shear stress was calculated for the design dimension and compared with
Shields Curve. The shear stress placed on the sediment particles is the force that entrains and
moves the particles, given by:
T = yRs
[Equation 3]
Where, i = shear stress (lb/ft)
y = specific gravity of water (62.4 lb/ft)
R = hydraulic radius (ft)
s = average channel slope (ft/ft)
Buck Engineering PC 1 1 South Fork Mitchell River
Brendle Reach
If the shear stress is determined from the Shield's diagram to move a particle size that is
significantly larger or smaller than the d84 of the pavement sample, then the sinuosity may need
to be increased or decreased respectively, in order to adjust the average channel slope, thus
adjusting the shear stress.
Boundary shear stress was calculated for the design using Equation 3, and equaled 0.87 lbs/ft2.
From Shields diagram (Figure 9), this shear stress value would be able to move a particle size of
69 mm.
Tahle 1 • Rhenr gtress Annivsis
Shear Stress Analysis xisting Design
Bankfull Xsec Area, Abkf (sq ft) 70 70
Bankfull Width, Wbkf (ft) 30 29
Bankfull Mean Depth, Dbkf (ft) 2.3 2.4
Wetted Perimeter, WP=W+2D (ft) 34.7 33.8
Hydraulic Radius, R (ft) 2.0 2.1
Schan (ft/ft) 0.0064 0.0067
Boundary Shear Stress, i (lb/sq ft) 0.81 0.87
d84 (mm) 60 60
d50 rif bed (mm) 52 52
d50 (mm) 22 22
ci 0.0394 0.0394
d bar large (mm) 60 60
d bar large (ft) 0.20 0.20
Dcrit (ft) 2.0 1.9
Buck Engineering PC 12 South Fork Mitchell River
Brendle Reach
Figure 9. Shield's Curve
F-1 0-00
100
E
E
v
Y
E 10
m
0
c
1
0.1 1-
0.001
0.01 0.1
Critical Shear Stress (lbslsgft)
1
10
CONSTRUCTION
Construction Materials and Estimates
The estimate of construction materials is provided in Table 2.
Table 2: Construction Materials Estimate
Item Quantity Units Description
Silt Fence 100 LF See Appendix
Class A Stone 32 TONS 2" to 6"
Boulders 800 TONS 6ft X 4ft X 3ft
Filter Fabric 1 ROLLS For practice 6.06
Erosion Mat 32 ROLLS C125BN
Rye rain 100 LBS Apply at 130 Ibs/ac
Fertilizer 325 LBS Apply at 435 Ibs/ac
Mulch 100 BALES Apply at 130bales/ac
Buck Engineering PC 13 South Fork Mitchell River
Brendle Reach
The following equipment is mandatory for the project:
• 2 Track hoes with hydraulic thumbs.
• Track loaders
• Dump trucks for hauling stone and other materials
• Chain saws.
• All other equipment and materials necessary to complete the job as described in this
report.
Buck Engineering PC 14 South Fork Mitchell River
Brendle Reach
APPENDIX 1
EXISTING CONDITION SURVEY
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APPENDIX 3
INSTREAM STRUCTURES AND PLANTING SPECIFICATIONS !,:

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PERMANENT SEEDING SPECIFICATIONS
Permanent seeding will be used in combination with woody plantings for riparian areas along the
right bank and extending to bankfull elevation along the restored reach. Permanent seeding will
occur in conjunction with temporary seeding where applicable. This mixture will also be used in
any terrestrial (areas not inundated) riparian area that has been disturbed by construction, is
designated as wetland and/or riparian enhancement. This mixture shall be planted in spring in
combination with the temporary seeding operation and woody plant installations. Seeding
should be done evenly over the area using a mechanical or hand seeder. A drag should be used
to cover the seed with no more than 1/2 inch of soils. Where a drag cannot safely be utilized, the
seed should be covered by hand raking.
Seedbed Preparation
On sites where equipment can be operated safely, the seedbed shall be adequately loosened.
Disking may be needed in areas where soil is compacted. Steep banks my require roughening,
either by hand scarifying or by equipment, depending on site conditions. If seeding is done
immediately following construction, seedbed preparation may not be required except on
compacted, polished or freshly cut areas. If permanent seeding is performed in conjunction with
temporary seeding, seedbed preparation only needs to be executed once.
Fertilizing/Liming
Areas fertilized for temporary seeding shall be sufficiently fertilized for permanent seeding;
additional fertilizer is not required for permanent seeding.
Seeding
A riparian seed mix at the rate of 1/4 lb per 1,000 sq ft or 10 lbs per acre shall be used for seeding.
The following table lists herbaceous, permanent seed mixture labeled "riparian seed mix"
Common Name Scientific Name %
Rice Cut Grass Leersia oryzoides 10
Soft Rush Juncus effusus 10
Deerton ue Panicum clandestinum _ 10
Switchgrass Panicum vir alum _ 5
Jack-in-the-Pulpit Arisaema tri hyllum 5
lronweed Vernonia novehoracensis 5
_
Three-square Bulrush Scir_ us americamus 5
Woolgrass Scir us cyperinus 5
Virginia Wildrye Elvmus virginicus 5

Sensitive Fern Onoclea sensibilis 5
Ho Sed e Carex lu illna 5
Fox Sedge Carex vulpinoidea 5
Swam Sunflower Helianthus an usli olius 5
Joe Pye Weed Eu atorium fislulosum 5
Cinnamon Fern Osmunda cinnamomea 5
Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardinalis 5
Witch-hazel Hamamelis vir giniana 5
WOODY VEGETATION PLANTINGS
SCOPE
Woody vegetation, including live stakes, transplants, and bare root vegetation shall be used in all
areas designated as "Floodplain Restoration Area". The work covered in this section consists of
furnishing, installing, maintaining, and replacing vegetation as shown in the plans or in locations
as directed by Engineer/Project Manager.
LIVE STAKING
Live stake materials should be dormant and gathered locally or purchased from a reputable
commercial supplier. Stakes should by 1/2 to 2 inches in diameter, 2 to 3 feet in length, and living
based on the presence of young buds and green bark. Stakes shall be angled on the bottom and
cut flush on the top with buds oriented upwards. All side branches shall be cleanly trimmed so
the cutting is one single stem. Stakes should be kept cool and moist to improve survival and to
maintain dormancy.
Live staking plant material shall consist of a random assortment of materials selected from the
following:
Silky Dogwood (Cornus amomum)
Black Willow (&dix nigra)
Silky Willow (,Salix sericea)
Elderberry (Sambucus canodensis)
Other species may be substituted upon approval of Engineer/Project Manager.
Planting shall take place in early Spring. Stakes should be installed randomly 2 to 3 feet apart
using triangular spacing or at a density of 160 to 360 stakes per 1,000 sq ft along the stream
banks above bankfull elevation. Site variations may require slightly different spacing. Stakes
shall be driven into the ground using a rubber hammer or by creating a hole and slipping the
stake into it. The stakes should be tamped in at a right angle to the slope with 4/5 of the stake
installed below the ground surface. At least two buds (lateral and/or terminal) shall remain

above the ground surface. The soils shall be firmly packed around the hole after installations.
Split stakes shall not be installed. Stakes that split during installations shall be replaced.
BARE ROOT VEGETATION
Bare root vegetation to be planted along both sides of the new channel stream banks above
bankfull elevation and in the floodplain restoration area shall consist of a random assortment of
shrub and tree species including, but not limited to the following:
Common Name Scientific Name
Sycamore Platanus occidentalis
Black walnut Juglans ni ra
Black cherry Primus serotina
Silverbell Halesia caroling
Persimmon Dios yros vir iniana
Black um N ssa s lvatica
Witch-hazel Hamamelis vir iniana
S icebush Lindera benzoin
"rag alder Alnus serrulata
Planting shall take place in early Spring. Immediately following delivery to the project site, all
plants with bare roots, if not promptly planted, shall be heeled-in in constantly moist soil or
sawdust in an acceptable manner corresponding to generally accepted horticultural practices.
While plants with bare roots are being transported to and from heeling-in beds, or are being
distributed in planting beds, or are awaiting planting after distribution, the contractor shall
protect the plants from drying out by means of wet canvas, burlap, or straw, or by other means
acceptable to Engineer/Project Manager and appropriate to weather conditions and the length of
time the roots will remain out of the ground.
Soil in the area of shrub and tree plantings shall be loosened to a depth of at least 5 inches. This
is necessary only on compacted soil. Bare root vegetation may be planted in hole made by a
mattock, dibble, planting bar, or other means approved by Engineer/Project Manager. Rootstock
shall be planted in a vertical position with the root collar approximately '/Z inch below the soil
surface. The planting trench or hole shall be deep and wide enough to permit the roots to spread
out and down without J-rooting. The plant stem shall remain upright. Soil shall be replaced
around the transplanted vegetation and tamped around the shrub or tree firmly to eliminate air
pockets.
The following spacing guidelines of rooted shrubs and trees are provided in the following table.
Type Spacing # Per 1,000 s ft
Shrubs (<10 ft tall) 3 to 6 ft 25 to 110
Shrubs and trees (10-25 ft) 6 to 8 ft 15 to 25
Trees (>25 ft tall) 8 to 15 ft 4 to 15
A SHRUB AND TREE TRANSPLANTS
Shrub and trees less than 3 inches in diameter shall be salvaged onsite in areas designated for
construction, access areas, and other sites that will necessarily be disturbed. Vegetation to be
r transplanted will be identified by the Engineer/ Project Manager personnel. Transplanted
vegetation shall carefully be excavated with rootballs and surrounding soil remaining intact.
Care shall be given not to rip limbs or bark from the shrub and tree transplants. Vegetation
should be transplanted immediately, if possible. Otherwise, transplanted vegetation shall be
carefully transported to designated stockpile areas and heeled-in in constantly moist soil or
sawdust in an acceptable manner appropriate to weather or seasonal conditions. The solidity of
the plants shall be carefully preserved.
Installation of shrub and tree transplants shall be located in designated areas along the stream
bank above bankfull elevation or in floodplain restoration areas as directed by Engineer/Project
Manager. Soil in the area of vegetation transplants shall be loosened to a depth of at least 1 foot.
This is only necessary on compacted soil. Transplants shall be replanted to the same depth as
they were originally growing. The planting trench or hole shall be deep and wide enough to
permit the roots to spread out and down without J-rooting. The plant stem shall remain upright.
Soil shall be replaced around the transplanted vegetation and tamped around the shrub or tree
firmly to eliminate air pockets.

APPENDIX 4
PHOTO LOG
SOUTH FORK MITCHELL RIVER, BRENDLE REACH
PHOTO LOG
(e) Left bank
point bar at XSEC 6+32
(a) XSEC 0+00
(d) Right bank at XSEC 6+32
(c) Severe bank erosion at STA 6+00
(h) Large woody debris at STA 9+00
(g) Fallen tree at STA 7+50
(i) XSEC 10+03