20180067 Ver 1_Mitigation Bank Prospectus_20180104

RES French Broad 05 Stream Umbrella Mitigation Bank
FINAL PROSPECTUS
French Broad River Basin
HUC 06010105
Prepared by: Resource Environmental Solutions, LLC
Bank Sponsor: Environmental Banc & Exchange, LLC
302 Jefferson Street, Suite 110
Raleigh, NC 27605
919-209-1062
fires
January 2018

Table of Contents
1 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................1
1.1 Project Description........................................................................................................................1
1.2 Service Area..................................................................................................................................1
1.3 Identified Watershed Needs..........................................................................................................1
1.4 Purpose and Objectives.................................................................................................................3
1.5 Technical Feasibility.....................................................................................................................
3
2 QUALIFICATIONS..................................................................................................................4
2.1 Bank Sponsor................................................................................................................................4
2.2 Bank Sponsor Qualifications........................................................................................................
4
3 MONITORING.........................................................................................................................5
3.1 Stream and Vegetation..................................................................................................................5
3.2 Reference Ecosystems...................................................................................................................
5
3.3 As -Built Survey............................................................................................................................
5
3.4 Visual Monitoring.........................................................................................................................5
3.5 Cross Sections...............................................................................................................................5
3.6 Vegetative Success Criteria..........................................................................................................
6
3.7 Adaptive Management..................................................................................................................
6
4 BANK ESTABLISHMENT AND OPERATION.......................................................................6
4.1 Establishment and Operation of the Bank.....................................................................................
6
4.2 Proposed Credit Release Schedule................................................................................................
6
4.2.1 Initial Allocation of Released Credits...................................................................................
8
4.2.2 Subsequent Credit Releases..................................................................................................
8
4.3 Financial Assurances....................................................................................................................
8
4.4 Proposed Ownership and Long -Term Management.....................................................................
8
4.5 Assurance of Water Rights...........................................................................................................
9
5 CAROLINA BISON SITE.......................................................................................................10
5.1 Project Description......................................................................................................................10
5.2 Project Location..........................................................................................................................10
5.3 Landownership............................................................................................................................10
5.4 Existing Conditions.....................................................................................................................10
5.4.1 Existing Jurisdictional Waters of the US............................................................................10
5.4.2 Existing Reach Conditions..................................................................................................11
5.4.3 Soil Survey..........................................................................................................................12
5.4.4 Endangered/Threatened Species.........................................................................................13
5.4.5 Vegetation...........................................................................................................................14
5.4.6 Cultural Resources..............................................................................................................14
5.4.7 Constraints..........................................................................................................................14
5.5 Conceptual Mitigation Plan........................................................................................................15
5.5.1 Stream Restoration and Enhancement................................................................................15
6 COMMERCIAL HILL SITE..................................................................................................17
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6.1 Project Description......................................................................................................................17
6.2 Project Location..........................................................................................................................17
6.3 Landownership............................................................................................................................17
6.4 Existing Site Conditions..............................................................................................................17
6.4.1 Existing Jurisdictional Waters of the US............................................................................17
6.4.2 Existing Reach Conditions..................................................................................................18
6.4.3 Soil Survey..........................................................................................................................19
6.4.4 Endangered/Threatened Species.........................................................................................
20
6.4.5 Vegetation...........................................................................................................................
21
6.4.6 Cultural Resources..............................................................................................................
21
6.4.7 Constraints..........................................................................................................................21
6.5 Conceptual Mitigation Plan........................................................................................................
22
6.5.1 Stream Restoration and Enhancement................................................................................
22
7 BIG WILLOW SITE...............................................................................................................24
7.1 Project Description......................................................................................................................24
7.2 Project Location..........................................................................................................................
24
7.3 Landownership............................................................................................................................24
7.4 Existing Site Conditions..............................................................................................................
24
7.4.1 Existing Jurisdictional Waters of the US............................................................................
24
7.4.2 Existing Reach Conditions..................................................................................................
25
7.4.3 Soil Survey..........................................................................................................................
26
7.4.4 Endangered/Threatened Species.........................................................................................
27
7.4.5 Vegetation...........................................................................................................................
28
7.4.6 Cultural Resources..............................................................................................................
28
7.4.7 Constraints..........................................................................................................................28
7.5 Conceptual Mitigation Plan........................................................................................................
28
7.5.1 Stream Restoration, Enhancement, and Preservation........................................................
29
8 DEAD OAK SITE...................................................................................................................30
8.1 Project Description......................................................................................................................30
8.2 Project Location..........................................................................................................................
30
8.3 Landownership............................................................................................................................30
8.4 Existing Conditions.....................................................................................................................31
8.4.1 Existing Jurisdictional Waters of the US............................................................................
31
8.4.2 Existing Reach Conditions..................................................................................................
31
8.4.3 Soil Survey..........................................................................................................................
33
8.4.4 Endangered/Threatened Species.........................................................................................
33
8.4.5 Vegetation...........................................................................................................................
34
8.4.6 Cultural Resources..............................................................................................................
35
8.4.7 Constraints..........................................................................................................................35
8.5 Conceptual Mitigation Plan........................................................................................................
35
8.5.1 Stream Restoration, Enhancement, and Preservation........................................................
36
9 PUNCHEON FORK SITE......................................................................................................37
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9.1 Project Description......................................................................................................................37
9.2 Project Location..........................................................................................................................
37
9.3 Landownership............................................................................................................................37
9.4 Existing Conditions.....................................................................................................................
37
9.4.1 Existing Jurisdictional Waters of the US............................................................................
37
9.4.2 Existing Reach Conditions..................................................................................................
38
9.4.3 Soil Survey..........................................................................................................................
39
9.4.4 Endangered/Threatened Species.........................................................................................40
9.4.5 Vegetation...........................................................................................................................
41
9.4.6 Cultural Resources..............................................................................................................
41
9.4.7 Constraints..........................................................................................................................41
9.5 Conceptual Mitigation Plan ........................................................................................................
41
9.5.1 Stream Restoration and Enhancement................................................................................
42
List of Figures
Carolina Bison
Figure 1. Project Vicinity Map
Figure 2. USGS Topographic Map
Figure 3. Aerial Map
Figure 4. Landowner Map
Figure 5. National Wetlands Inventory Map
Figure 6. Soils Map
Figure 7. Constraints Map
Figure 8. Conceptual Plan
Commercial Hill
Figure 1. Project Vicinity Map
Figure 2. USGS Topographic Map
Figure 3. Aerial Map
Figure 4. Landowner Map
Figure 5. National Wetlands Inventory Map
Figure 6. Soils Map
Figure 7. Constraints Map
Figure 8. Conceptual Plan
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Big Willow
Figure 1. Project Vicinity Map
Figure 2. USGS Topographic Map
Figure 3. Aerial Map
Figure 4. Landowner Map
Figure 5. National Wetlands Inventory Map
Figure 6. Soils Map
Figure 7. Constraints Map
Figure 8. Conceptual Plan
Dead Oak
Figure 1. Project Vicinity Map
Figure 2. USGS Topographic Map
Figure 3. Aerial Map
Figure 4. Landowner Map
Figure 5. National Wetlands Inventory Map
Figure 6. Soils Map
Figure 7. Constraints Map
Figure 8. Conceptual Plan
Puncheon Fork
Figure 1. Project Vicinity Map
Figure 2. USGS Topographic Map
Figure 3. Aerial Map
Figure 4. Landowner Map
Figure 5. National Wetlands Inventory Map
Figure 6. Soils Map
Figure 7. Constraints Map
Figure 8. Conceptual Plan
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Appendix A — Landowner Authorization Forms
Appendix B — NC SAM Forms
Appendix C — Site Photo Logs
RES French Broad 05 Stream PROSPECTUS
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1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Description
Environmental Banc & Exchange, LLC ("EBX"), a wholly owned subsidiary of Resource Environmental
Solutions (RES), is pleased to propose the RES French Broad 05 Stream Umbrella Mitigation Bank (the
`Bank"). The proposed umbrella structure of the Bank is designed to initially permit five mitigation sites,
and establish the umbrella banking instrument for future mitigation sites. The first five sites are Carolina
Bison, Commercial Hill, Big Willow, Dead Oak, and Puncheon Fork (Figure 1— French Broad 05 Service
Area Map and Project Site Locations). These sites are identified as having potential to help meet the
compensatory mitigation requirement for stream impacts in hydrologic unit code (HUC) 06010105 of the
French Broad River Basin.
1.2 Service Area
The Bank will provide mitigation credits to offset unavoidable impacts to stream resources within the
French Broad 05 River Basin (8-digit USGS HUC 06010105).
Carolina Bison, Commercial Hill, Big Willow, and Dead Oak are cool stream sites and can provide
compensatory mitigation for cool stream impacts. Puncheon Fork is a cold water stream site and can provide
compensatory mitigation for cold stream impacts. All the sites are primarily characterized by agriculture,
forests, and low -intensity residential areas.
Future sites may be developed in the bank that provide stream and wetland mitigation. On a case -by -case
basis cold stream credits can be used for cool stream impacts as well.
1.3 Identified Watershed Needs
The North Carolina Division of Mitigation Services (DMS) develops River Basin Restoration Priorities
(RBRP) to guide its restoration activities within each of the state's 54 cataloging units. This Bank supports
many of the French Broad River Basin Restoration Priorities (RBRP) goals and presents an opportunity to
restore, enhance, and preserve over 26,100 linear feet of stream and riparian corridor. The proposed Bank
will provide numerous ecological and water quality benefits within the French Broad River Basin. The
Bank will provide improvements to water quality, hydrologic function, and habitat.
As stated in the French Broad RBRP report (2009), the following restoration and protection goals are listed
for the watershed:
1) Implement wetland and stream restoration projects that reduce sources of sediment and nutrients
by restoring riparian buffer vegetation, stabilizing banks, excluding livestock, and restoring
natural geomorphology, especially in headwater streams.
2) Restore and protect habitat for priority fish, mussel, snail, and crayfish species in the basin.
3) Cooperate with land trusts and resource agencies to help leverage federal and state grant funding
for watershed restoration and conservation efforts.
4) Work with local partners to improve management of stormwater runoff, controlling both
stormwater volume and pollutants, and promote low impact development techniques to lessen
impacts of new development, especially in the expanding areas of Asheville, Black Mountain,
Fletcher, and Hendersonville.
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5) Protect high quality habitats, especially those prioritized by the Natural Heritage Program as
Significant Natural Heritage Areas.
The proposed Bank is designed to help meet these goals. The projects will address stressors identified in
the watershed through nutrient removal, sediment removal, runoff filtration, and improved aquatic and
terrestrial habitat. These project goals will be achieved through stream restoration, enhancement, and
preservation.
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Figure 1. French Broad 05 Service Area Map and Project Site Locations
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1.4 Purpose and Objectives
The purpose of the proposed Bank is to generate compensatory mitigation credits for inclusion in the RES
French Broad 05 Stream Umbrella Mitigation Bank in the French Broad River Basin.
The project goals address stressors identified in the watershed, and include the following:
• Decrease nutrient and sediment inputs,
• Filtration of runoff,
• Connect streams with floodplains,
• Stabilize eroding stream banks,
• Invasive species treatment, and
• Improved aquatic and terrestrial habitat.
The project goals will be addressed through the following project objectives:
• Increase plant species diversity and eradicate invasive species within project boundaries,
• Increase forested riparian buffer to at least 30 feet on both sides of the channel along the project
reach with an appropriate riparian plant community (improve streambank stability, streamside
habitat, and improve temperature regulation),
• Improve floodplain connectivity by reducing bank height ratios and increase entrenchment ratios
to reference reach levels,
• To restore channel stability and reduce sediment supply from eroding stream banks by restoring
the stream channel pattern, dimension, and profile in stream channels to reference reach conditions,
• Reduce impact of livestock to the stream channels and runoff through livestock exclusion,
• Restore stable flow dynamics by improving stream velocity and shear stress to levels between the
critical shear stress (shear stress required to initiate motion) and the allowable limits,
• Install habitat features such as constructed riffles and brush toes in the restored streams, and add
woody material to channel beds.
1.5 Technical Feasibility
The technical feasibility of the Bank is assured due to RES' extensive experience with stream and wetland
restoration and enhancement in North Carolina and throughout the Southeast. Examples of EBX's success
with stream restoration and enhancement include Neu -Con Umbrella Mitigation Bank sites: specifically,
the Marston, Nahunta, and Westbrook sites. The absence of fatal flaws such as hydrologic trespass, and the
absence of threatened and endangered species and their habitats mean the project is unlikely to be impeded
by resource issues, or by objections from landowners.
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2 QUALIFICATIONS
2.1 Bank Sponsor
All the sites shall be established under the terms and conditions of the RES French Broad 05 Stream
Umbrella Mitigation Bank made and entered into by Environmental Banc & Exchange, LLC (EBX), acting
as the Bank Sponsor.
Company Name: Environmental Banc & Exchange, LLC
Company Address: 302 Jefferson Street, Suite 110, Raleigh, NC 27605
Contact Name: Brad Breslow
Telephone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
2.2 Bank Sponsor Qualifications
Resource Environmental Solutions, LLC (RES) was founded in February 2007 and grew organically from
its roots restoring Louisiana wetlands to deliver mitigation solutions across Louisiana, Texas, Pennsylvania,
West Virginia, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina. In December 2014, RES acquired
industry pioneer Environmental Banc & Exchange, LLC (EBX), expanding the RES knowledge base and
geographic and technical delivery capabilities.
RES develops and supplies ecological offsets to help public and private sector clients obtain required
permits for unavoidable, project -related impacts to wetlands, streams, and habitats. RES helps clients
proactively manage risk from operations in environmentally sensitive areas by providing proactive impact
analyses, streamlining permitting processes, and limiting liability and regulatory exposure.
• RES is the premier provider of ecological offset solutions in the US
• RES founded in 2007 / EBX founded in 1997
• 110 mitigation sites permitted/in process
• Conservation easements protecting roughly 400 sites
• 32,000 restored wetland acres
• 4,000 acres of custom mitigation solutions
• 155 miles of stream restoration
• Reduced over 240 tons of nutrients
• Rehabilitated and preserved over 3,700 acres of endangered species habitats
In North Carolina, RES and its affiliated companies have won over $70 million in mitigation contracts with
North Carolina state agencies. With a regional office in Raleigh staffed with full-time professionals, RES
has the ability to carry out existing projects, as well as secure and carry out new projects and banks in the
State. A few representative projects implemented by RES are presented below.
Neu -Con Umbrella Mitigation Bank (North Carolina): One of the first approved wetland and stream
banks in North Carolina. The service area of the Bank is the entire Neuse River Basin. The Bank was
established in April 2001. Initial contract: 22,964 linear feet of stream mitigation units (SMU) sold to
North Carolina DOT based on credits produced from 3 stream restoration sites (initiated November
2000; sold all credits in November 2000; design initiated December 2001; construction completed on
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all sites Spring 2005; monitoring completed on all sites in Fall 2009). Additional sites added starting in
2008.
Chesapeake Wetland Mitigation Bank (City of Chesapeake, Virginia): 545-acre wetland mitigation
bank in the Lower James Watershed in Virginia. The service territory of the Bank includes HUCs
02080206 and 02080208. The Bank was established in July 2009. The remainder of the 1,156-acre
property will be sold to the Great Dismal Wildlife Refuge (MBI finalized Spring 2009; construction
completed Spring 2011; in the monitoring phase).
Conoconnara Swamp Site (Halifax County, North Carolina): 87.0 WMU of wetland restoration and
5,050 SMU of stream restoration (initiated July 2005; construction completed Spring 2007; monitoring
completed Fall 2011).
3 MONITORING
Proposed monitoring for the initial five stream mitigation sites is presented below. Wetland mitigation
monitoring will be specified in site specific Instrument Modification and Mitigation Plan when/if wetland
sites are developed in the umbrella bank.
3.1 Stream and Vegetation
Stream stability and vegetation survival will be monitored across both the restoration and enhancement
areas of the sites to determine the success of the stream and buffer mitigation. Stream stability will be
monitored with cross section surveys and visual assessment stream walks. Vegetation survival rates will be
monitored using vegetation plots over approximately two percent of the planted area.
3.2 Reference Ecosystems
An appropriate local reference community will be identified and surveyed during the mitigation plan phase.
3.3 As -Built Survey
An as -built survey will be conducted following construction to document channel size, condition, and
location on constructed or modified channels. The survey will include a complete profile of thalweg, water
surface, bankfull, and top of bank to compare with future geomorphic data. Longitudinal profiles will not
be required in annual monitoring reports unless requested by the Interagency Review Team (IRT).
3.4 Visual Monitoring
Visual monitoring of all mitigation areas will be conducted a minimum of twice per monitoring year by
qualified individuals. The visual assessments will include vegetation density, vigor, invasive species, and
easement encroachments. Visual assessments of stream stability will include a complete stream walk and
structure inspection. Digital images will be taken at fixed representative locations to record each monitoring
event, as well as any noted problem areas or areas of concern. Results of visual monitoring will be presented
in a plan view exhibit with a brief description of problem areas and digital images.
3.5 Cross Sections
Permanent cross -sections will be installed at a minimum of one per 20 bankfull widths with half in pools
and half in riffles. All cross-section measurements will include bank height ratio and entrenchment ratio.
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Cross -sections will be monitored annually. There should be little change in as -built cross -sections. If
changes do take place, they should be evaluated to determine if they represent movement toward a less
stable condition (for example down -cutting or erosion), or are minor changes that represent an increase in
stability (for example settling, vegetative changes, deposition along the banks, or decrease in width/depth
ratio). Bank height ratio shall not exceed 1.2, and the entrenchment ratio shall be no less than 2.2 within
restored reaches. Channel stability should be demonstrated through a minimum of four bankfull events
documented in the seven-year monitoring period.
3.6 Vegetative Success Criteria
Vegetation monitoring plots will be a minimum of 0.02 acres in size, and cover approximately two percent
of the planted area. The following data will be recorded for all trees in the plots: species, height, planting
date (or volunteer), and grid location. Monitoring will occur each year during the monitoring period. The
interim measures of vegetative success for the sites will be the survival of at least 320 planted three-year
old trees per acre at the end of Year 3 and 260 five-year old trees per acre at the end of Year 5. The final
vegetative success criteria will be the survival of 210 trees per acre with an average height of 10 feet at the
end of Year 7 of the monitoring period. Invasive and noxious species will be monitored and controlled so
that none become dominant or alter the desired community structure of the site. If necessary, EBX will
develop a species -specific control plan.
3.7 Adaptive Management
The Mitigation Plan will include a detailed adaptive management plan that will address how potential
problems are resolved. In the event that the site, or a specific component of the site, fails to achieve the
defined success criteria, EBX will develop necessary adaptive management plans and/or implement
appropriate remedial actions for the site in coordination with the IRT. Remedial actions will be designed to
achieve the success criteria specified previously, and will include identification of the causes of failure,
remedial design approach, work schedule, and monitoring criteria that will take into account physical and
climatic conditions. If planted tree mortality affects 40 percent or greater of the initial planting in a stream
or wetland restoration area or enhancement area, then a remedial/supplemental planting plan will be
implemented for the affected area(s).
4 BANK ESTABLISHMENT AND OPERATION
4.1 Establishment and Operation of the Bank
These Bank Parcels shall be established under the terms and conditions of the RES French Broad 05 Stream
Umbrella Mitigation Banking Instrument (UMBI) made and entered into by EBX, USACE, NCDWR, and
other IRT agencies.
4.2 Proposed Credit Release Schedule
All credit releases will be based on the total credit generated as reported by the as -built survey of the
Mitigation Site. The pre -construction credit release (15 percent) will be based on the credit total in the Final
Mitigation Plan. The second credit release will be based on the credit yield in the approved mitigation plan
after the as -built report for the site is approved, unless there is a major deviation in credits and the mitigation
plan is modified. The District Engineer (DE), in consultation with the IRT, will determine if performance
standards have been satisfied sufficiently to meet the requirements of the release schedule below. In cases
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where some performance standards have not been met, credits may still be released depending on the
specifics of the case. At the direction of the DE, in consultation with the IRT, monitoring may be required
to be extended, depending on the extent to which the site fails to meet the specified performance standard.
The release of project credits will be subject to the criteria described below.
Stream Credit Release Schedule
Release
Milestone
Credit Release Activity
Interim
Release
Total Released
Site Establishment (includes all required criteria
15%
15%
1
stated above)
Baseline Monitoring Report and As -built Survey
15%
30%
2
First year monitoring report demonstrates
10%
40%
3
performance standards are being met.
Second year monitoring report demonstrates
°
10 /°
4
performance standards are being met.
50%
Third year monitoring report demonstrates
°
10 /o
5
performance standards are being met.
60%
6
Fourth year monitoring report demonstrates
°
5 /°
65%
performance standards are being met.
(75%**)
Fifth year monitoring report demonstrates
10/o °
75%
7
performance standards are being met.
(85%**)
8
Sixth year monitoring report demonstrates
°
5 /°
80%
performance standards are being met.
(95%**)
Seventh year monitoring report demonstrates
90%
9
performance standards are being met, and project
10%
has received close-out approval.
(100%**)
* *10% reserve of credits to be held back until the bankfull event performance standard has been met.
These reserve credits cannot be released prior to completion of year 4 monitoring.
A wetland credit release schedule will be presented in the Instrument Modification and Mitigation Plan
when/if wetland sites are developed in the umbrella bank.
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4.2.1 Initial Allocation of Released Credits
The initial allocation of released credits, as specified in the mitigation plan can be released by the Corps in
consultation with the IRT with written approval of the DE upon satisfactory completion of the following
activities:
1. Approval of MBI by the DE, in consultation with the IRT;
2. Approval of a final Mitigation Plan;
3. Confirmation that the Bank site has been secured;
4. Delivery of executed financial assurances as specified in the Mitigation Plan;
5. Delivery of a copy of the recorded long-term protection mechanism as described in the
Mitigation Plan, as well as a title opinion covering the property acceptable to the DE; and
6. Issuance of any DA permits necessary for construction of the Bank site (if necessary).
4.2.2 Subsequent Credit Releases
The second credit release will occur after the completion of implementation of the Mitigation Plan and
submittal of the Baseline Monitoring Report and As -built Survey. All subsequent credit releases must be
approved by the DE, in consultation with the IRT, based on a determination that required performance
standards have been achieved. As projects approach milestones associated with credit release, the Sponsor
will submit a request for credit release to the DE along with documentation substantiating achievement of
criteria required for release to occur. This documentation will be included with the annual monitoring
report.
4.3 Financial Assurances
The Sponsor shall provide financial assurances in the form of a Performance Bond to the IRT sufficient to
assure completion of all mitigation work, required reporting and monitoring, and any remedial work
required. Financial assurances shall be payable at the direction of the USACE to his designee or to a standby
trust, which will be designated in the Mitigation Plan. Financial assurances structured to provide funds to
the USACE in the event of default by the Bank Sponsor are not acceptable. A financial assurance must be
in the form that ensures that the USACE receives notification at least 120 days in advance of any termination
or revocation.
4.4 Proposed Ownership and Long -Term Management
EBX, acting as the Bank Sponsor, will establish a Conservation Easement, and will monitor the Sites for a
minimum of seven years. This Prospectus provides detailed information regarding bank operation,
including long term management and annual monitoring activities, for review and approval by the
Interagency Review Team (IRT). Upon approval of a Site by the IRT, the site will be transferred to a long-
term land steward (to be determined in the Mitigation Plan) prior to the initial credit release. The long-term
steward shall be responsible for periodic inspection of the site to ensure that restrictions required in the
Conservation Easement or the deed restriction document(s) are upheld. Endowment funds required to
uphold easement and deed restrictions shall be negotiated prior to site transfer to the responsible party.
The Bank Sponsor will ensure that the Conservation Easement will allow for the implementation of an
initial monitoring phase, which will be developed during the design phase and conducted by the Bank
Sponsor. The Conservation Easement will allow for yearly monitoring and, if necessary, maintenance of
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the Site during the initial monitoring phase. These activities will be conducted in accordance with the terms
and conditions of the RES French Broad 05 Stream Umbrella Mitigation Bank made and entered into by
EBX, USACE, NCDWR, and other IRT agencies.
4.5 Assurance of Water Rights
Sufficient water rights exist to support the long-term sustainability of the site, as there are no "severed"
rights on the property.
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5 CAROLINA BISON SITE
5.1 Project Description
The Carolina Bison Stream Mitigation Site (the "Site") is located in Buncombe County within Cataloging
Unit 06010105 and Targeted Local Watershed (TLW) 06010105090020. The Site consists of three parcels
totaling approximately nine acres of conservation easement. The Site area is comprised of a unique
agricultural expanse of land and will involve the restoration and enhancement of and Parker Branch and
one unnamed tributary. Stream restoration and enhancement is proposed to increase hydrologic and
ecological function and protect these features in perpetuity. The conceptual design presents the opportunity
to provide up to 4,727 cool stream mitigation units (SMU). This proposed Site will result in significant
ecological improvements including water quality improvement, habitat restoration, and a decrease in non -
point source pollution from agricultural practices.
5.2 Project Location
The Site is located in Buncombe County approximately two miles northeast of Leicester, NC and eight
miles northwest of Asheville (Figures 1 and 2). The GPS coordinates of the site are 35.671107°N and
82.669235°W. The Site can be accessed from Ridgeview Road.
The Site is located in the Newfound Creek Watershed (06010105090020). The proposed mitigation site
will restore and protect a catchment within the Newfound watershed, which discharges directly into the
French Broad River. The Site's watershed is primarily agricultural land and has historically served this
purpose (Figure 3). The Site supports many of the French Broad River Basin Restoration Priorities (RBRP)
goals.
5.3 Landownership
The land required for the construction, management, and stewardship of this mitigation project includes
portions of the parcels listed in Table 1. A landowner map is also provided in Figure 4. EBX has obtained
a legal option to develop the mitigation project and protect with a permanent conservation easement the
necessary area on the subject parcels.
Table 1. Carolina Bison Landowner Information
Landowner
Parcel ID
County
Deed Book &
Parcel
Page Number
Acreage
Frank J. Kin g
9711-09-
Buncombe
5436/811
103.78
5816-00000
Wilma Golden
9701-98-
Buncombe
5233/0365
10.50
(LE)
8958-00000
Mary H. Theus
9701-99-
Buncombe
5436/1060
7.47
1170-00000
5.4 Existing Conditions
5.4.1 Existing Jurisdictional Waters of the US
National Wetland Inventory (NWI) mapping does not depict any wetlands in the project area (Figure 5).
Detailed wetland delineation has been performed. The Site was delineated by RES and a Preliminary
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Jurisdictional Determination was provided by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) on September
6, 2017. The stream channels were classified using North Carolina Division of Water Resources (NC DWR)
methodology. Stream calls will be verified by NC DWR or the USACE during the decision phase of the
project. Site reaches were assessed using the NC Stream Assessment Method (NC SAM). NC SAM rating
forms are included in Appendix C, and results are summarized in Table 2.
Table 2. Carolina Bison NC SAM Ratings
Reach
Rating
Parker Branch PB 1-A, PB 1-B, PB 1-C, PB2
Low
UT 1
Low
5.4.2 Existing Reach Conditions
In general, all or portions of the project streams do not function to their full potential. Current conditions
demonstrate significant habitat degradation as a result of impacts from agriculture, historic land uses, and
water diversion. Cross sections have been field surveyed on reaches targeted for Restoration or
Enhancement I. Morphological parameters are located in Table 3.
Parker Branch (PB1-A, PB1-B, PBI-C, PB2)
The upstream portion of Parker Branch (PB 1-A, PB1-B, PB1-C) is an incised and heavily degraded, sand
and gravel bed stream with a moderate sediment load. The valley has a washed -slope form typical of lower
gradient valleys in the mountain region. Livestock impacts are severe throughout this reach with entire
sections completely devoid of vegetation and actively eroding banks. The drainage area for the reach is
approximately 276 acres.
The downstream portion of Parker Branch (PB2) is an incised and heavily degraded, sand and gravel bed
stream with a moderate sediment load and a channel slope of less than one percent. The valley has a washed -
slope form typical of lower gradient valleys in the mountain region. Livestock impacts are extensive
throughout this reach although recent exclusionary fencing has allowed for some initial revegetation. The
drainage area for the reach is approximately 466 acres.
UTI
UT is an incised and heavily degraded, sand and gravel bed stream with a moderate sediment load. The
valley has a washed -slope form typical of lower gradient valleys in the mountain region. Livestock impacts
are extensive throughout this reach although some areas have recently experienced diminished livestock
access and some recovery of initial revegetation. The drainage area for the reach is approximately 61 acres.
RES French Broad 05 Stream PROSPECTUS
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Table 3. Carolina Bison Existing Mor logical Parameters
Reach
PB1-A
PB1-B/C
PB2
UT1
Drainage Area acres
250
276
466
61
Cross- Sectional Area (sq ft
19.7
34.9
73.7
50.6
Bank Width ft
13.0
18.1
28.7
17.5
Mean Depth ft
1.5
1.9
2.6
2.9
Max Depth ft
2.2
3.8
5.1
5.4
Wetted Perimeter ft
15.0
20.2
30.9
21.8
Hydraulic Radius ft
1.3
1.7
2.4
2.3
W/D Ratio
8.6
9.3
11.2
6.0
5.4.3 Soil Survey
5.4.3.1 General Soil Characteristics
The Site is located in the Blue Ridge Belt Physiographic Province. Existing soil information from the
Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) shows the property is located within the Evard-Cowee-
Tate soil association. This association is found on ridges and south -to -west -facing hillslopes and mountain
slopes. It is made up of well drained to moderately well drained soils on uplands. Evard-Cowee-Tate soil
association is generally characterized by intermountain hills and low or intermediate mountains, dominantly
in the north -central, southeastern, and southwestern parts of the county.
5.4.3.2 Site Mapped Soil Series
Site soils are mapped by the NRCS as French loam, Tate loam, and Unison loam on the low-lying
depressions and floodplains at the Site (Figure 6 and Table 4). Tate loam and Unison loam soils are
generally well drained soils and range from two to 15 percent slopes and zero to three percent slopes
respectively. French loam soils are somewhat poorly drained, normally found in floodplains with zero to
three percent slopes.
The surrounding upland soils are mapped as Clifton clay loam and Evard-Cowee complex. Clifton clay
loam soils are well drained and generally found on ridges. Slopes range from eight to 15 and 15 to 30
percent throughout different parts of the area of interest. Evard-Cowee complex soils are well drained and
generally found on mountain slopes and ridges of uplands. Slopes range from 30 to 50 percent.
Table 4. Carolina Bison Mapped Soil Series
Map Unit
Map Unit Name
Drainage Class
Hydric
Hydrologic
Symbol
Status
Soil Group
CkB2
Clifton clay loam, 2
Well drained
Not Hydric
B
to 8 percent slopes
CkC2
Clifton clay loam, 8
Well drained
Not Hydric
B
to 15 percent slopes
CkD2
Clifton clay loam, 15
Well drained
Not Hydric
B
to 30 percent slopes
CkE2
Clifton clay loam, 30
Well drained
Not Hydric
B
to 50 percent slopes
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Map Unit
Map Unit Name
Drainage Class
Hydric
Hydrologic
Symbol
Status
Soil Group
Evard-Cowee
EvD2
complex, 15 to 30
Well drained
Not Hydric
B
ercent slo es
Evard-Cowee
EvE2
complex, 30 to 50
Well drained
Not Hydric
B
ercent slo es
FrA
French loam, 0 to 30
poorly drained
Not Hydric
B
percent slopes
TaB
Tate loam, 2 to 8
Well drained
Not Hydric
B/D
percent slopes
TaC
Tate loam, 8 to 15
Well drained
Not Hydric
B
percent slopes
UnC
Unisom loam, 8 to
Well drained
Not Hydric
B
15 percent slopes
5.4.4 Endangered/Threatened Species
The US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) database (updated 19 October 2017) lists eight endangered
species for Buncombe County, North Carolina (Table 5): spruce -fir moss spider (Microhexura montivaga),
spreading avens (Geum radiatum), bunched arrowhead (Sagittaria fasciculata), mountain sweet pitcher -
plant (Sarracenia rubra ssp. jonesii), rock gnome lichen (Gymnoderma lineare), gray bat (Myotis
grisescens), Applachian elktoe (Alasmidonta raveneliana), and Carolina northern flying squirrel
(Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus). The USFWS database also lists four threatened species for the County:
Blue Ridge goldenrod (Solidago spithamaea), Virginia spiraea (Spiraea virginiana), Northern long- eared
bat (Myotis septentrionalis) and bog turtle (Clemmys muhlenbergii). The Bald eagle (Haliaeetus
leucocephalus) is protected under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (BGPA) and prohibits take of
bald and golden eagles. No protected species or potential habitat for protected species was observed during
preliminary site evaluations.
In addition to the USFWS database, the NC Natural Heritage Program (NHP) GIS database was consulted
to determine whether previously cataloged occurrences of protected species are mapped within one mile of
the project site. Results from NHP indicated that there are known occurrences of the gray bat, Eastern small -
footed myotis, and Least weasel within a one -mile radius of the project area and throughout Buncombe
County. Based on initial site investigations, no impacts to federally protected species are anticipated as a
result of the proposed project. The environmental screening phase of the project will include USFWS
coordination to confirm these findings.
RES French Broad 05 Stream PROSPECTUS
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Table 5. Federally Protected Species in Buncombe County
Common Name
Scientific name
Federal
Status
Habitat
Present
Record
Status
Vertebrate:
Carolina northern flying squirrel
Glaucomys sabrinus
coloratus
E
No
Current
Gray bat
M otis grisescens
E
No
Current
Northern long-eared bat
M otis se tentrionalis
T
No
Current
Bog turtle
Clemm s muhlenber ii
T
No
Current
Invertebrate•
Appalachian elktoe
Alasmidonta raveneliana
E
No
Current
Spruce -fir moss spider
Microhexura montiva a
E
No
Current
Vascularplant:
Bunched arrowhead
Sa ittaria asciculata
E
No
Current
Mountain sweet pitcher -plant
Sarra.i. rubs ssp.
'onesii
E
No
Spreading avens
Geum radiatum
E
No
Current
Blue Ride goldenrod
Solida o s ithamaea
T
No
Virginia s iraea
S iraea vir iniana
T
No
Current
Lichen:
Rock gnome lichen G mnoderma lineare E No Current
E = Endangered; T = Threatened
5.4.5 Vegetation
Current land use around the Site is primarily pasture and disturbed riparian forest. Forested riparian areas
are primarily a narrow fringe with common canopy species including black walnut (Juglans nigra), red
maple (Acer rubrum), black cherry (Prunus serotina), American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), and
black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia). Sub -canopy species include Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense),
greenbriar (Smilax sp), muscadine (Vitus rotundifolia), and black willow (Salix nigra). Outside of the
narrow forested fringe the herbaceous community is highly disturbed due to overgrazing and erosion.
5.4.6 Cultural Resources
A review of North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) GIS Web Service (accessed 14
December 2017) database did not reveal any listed or potentially eligible historic or archeological resources
on the proposed project properties. There are no anticipated impacts from proj ect activities to state surveyed
properties as there are none in the proposed project vicinity. The environmental screening phase of the
project will include SHPO coordination to confirm these findings.
5.4.7 Constraints
There are no significant constraints to the proposed Site. The Site is not located within five miles of an air
transport facility. The Site is not within a mapped FEMA 100-year floodplain (Figure 7). There is a
powerline easement at the top of UT 1. Seven existing agricultural crossings will be improved or constructed
to facilitate existing surrounding agricultural land use. A tree survey will be conducted to design the
mitigation measures and access to minimize impacts to significant specimen trees.
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5.5 Conceptual Mitigation Plan
The Site presents the opportunity to provide 4,727 cool stream mitigation units (SMUs). These will be
derived from stream restoration and enhancement. Table 6 details the mitigation types and SMUs
generated. The proposed conceptual design plan is shown in Figure 8.
Table 6. Carolina Bison Proposed Mitigation Summary
Reach
Approach
Length
Ratio
Cool SMUs
SMU Adjusted
PB1-A
Restoration
966
1:1
966
1,053
PBI-B
Enhancement I
282
1.5:1
188
160
PBI-C
Restoration
756
1:1
756
824
PB2
Restoration
866
1:1
866
944
UTI
Restoration
1,602
1:1
1,602
1,746
Total
4,472
4,378
4,727
5.5.1 Stream Restoration and Enhancement
Current stream conditions along the proposed restoration reaches demonstrate significant habitat
degradation as a result of impacts from agricultural land use, water diversion, and cattle intrusion.
Additionally, the riparian buffer is in poor condition throughout most of the project area.
Stream restoration efforts will be accomplished through a combination of analytical and analog and/or
reference reach -based design methods. The result will be a combination of Priority Level I Restoration and
Enhancement Level I for the project area. The cross-section geometry, planform, and profile will be
modified to restore appropriate capacity and sinuosity to the channelized streams. The Priority Level I
stream restoration will incorporate the design of a single -thread meandering channel with parameters based
on data taken from appropriate regional curve tables for the Mountain Region of North Carolina and from
reference sites and hydrologic analyses described herein.
Priority Level I Restoration is proposed for Parker Branch (PB1-A, PBI-C, PB2) and Reach UT1. The
design approach for these reaches will include lifting the channels back to their historic elevations and
reconnecting them to the floodplain. Because the buffer along these reaches is devoid of significant woody
vegetation, woody debris will be installed along the bed to improve in -stream habitat. Stream restoration
will incorporate the design of a single -thread meandering channel, with parameters based on data taken
from reference sites to be identified later, published empirical relationships, regional curves developed from
existing project streams, and NC Regional Curves. Analytical design techniques will also be a crucial
element of the project and will be used to determine the design discharge and to verify the design as a
whole. Sections of abandoned stream channels will be backfilled with material excavated from onsite to the
elevation of the floodplain in areas adjacent to the new channel, installing channel plugs where necessary
in order to balance on -site cut/fill quantities. A minimum 30-foot buffer will be established and planted
with native riparian vegetation.
Stream Enhancement Level I is proposed for Reach PB 1-B. These areas are moderately stable, but would
benefit greatly from spot stabilization along the banks in areas where livestock have accessed the stream.
The design approach on this reaches will focus on stabilization along the banks of the channel, bedform
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diversity, livestock fencing, and riparian buffer restoration. Stabilization activities will include installing
grade control structures and installing woody debris structures to improve hydraulic efficiency and aquatic
habitat. All disturbed areas within the proposed buffer will be planted with native riparian vegetation.
RES French Broad 05 Stream PROSPECTUS
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6 COMMERCIAL HILL SITE
6.1 Project Description
The Commercial Hill Site (the "Site") is located in Henderson County approximately three miles north of
Hendersonville, NC (Figures 1 and 2). The GPS coordinates of the site are 35.365104°N and -
82.460850°W. The Site is contained in one parcel totaling approximately 26 acres of conservation
easement. The Site is located within a rural area, and land use within the project area is comprised primarily
of agricultural and forested land uses (Figure 3).
The Site is located within the French Broad River Basin (8-digit USGS HUC 06010105, 12-digit USGS
060101050303), and involves the restoration and enhancement of two unnamed tributaries that have been
disturbed by agricultural activities and cattle grazing. The conceptual design presents the opportunity to
provide up to 3,228 cool stream mitigation units (SMU). This proposed Site will provide significant
ecological uplift including the reduction of nutrient inputs via livestock exclusion and the reduction of
sediment inputs from eroding stream banks by restoring the stream channel pattern, dimension, and profile
in stream to reference reach conditions.
6.2 Project Location
To access the Site from the town of Hendersonville, travel north approximately 1.4 miles on N Main Street,
and continue onto Clear Creek Road. Then continue on Clear Creek Road for 2 miles, and turn left onto
Howard Gap Drive. The project is located about 0.4 miles down Howard Gap Drive off Commercial Hill
Drive on the left.
The Site is located in the Lower Mud Creek Watershed (06010105030030), a 14 digit watershed identified
in the Mud Creek Local Watershed Plan (LWP). The proposed Site will restore a catchment within the
LWP and restore streams that drain directly to Mud Creek, a 303(d) listed stream channel.
6.3 Landownership
The land required for the construction, management, and stewardship of this mitigation project includes
portions of the parcel listed in Table 1. A landowner map is also provided in Figure 4. EBX has obtained
an option to purchase the required parcel.
Table 1. Commercial Hill Parcel Information
Landowner
Parcel ID
County
Deed Book &
Parcel
Page Number
Acreage
G. Ray Fussell
9660855943
Henderson
1254/107
69.86
6.4 Existing Site Conditions
6.4.1 Existing Jurisdictional Waters of the US
National Wetland Inventory (NWI) mapping does not depict any wetlands in the project area (Figure 5).
Detailed wetland delineation has not been performed. The Site will be delineated by RES and approved by
the USACE during the decision phase of the project. The stream channels were classified using NC DWR
methodology. Stream calls will be verified by NC DWR or USACE during the decision phase of the project.
RES French Broad 05 Stream PROSPECTUS
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Site reaches were assessed using the NC Stream Assessment Method (NC SAM). NC SAM rating forms
are included in Appendix C, and results are summarized in Table 2.
Table 2. Commercial Hill NC SAM Ratings
Ratin-A
Medium
7Riech
-B
Low
-C
Low
UT1-D
High
UT2-A
Medium
UT2-B
Medium
UT3
Medium
6.4.2 Existing Reach Conditions
In general, all or portions of the project streams do not function to their full potential. Current conditions
demonstrate significant habitat degradation as a result of impacts from historic land uses and livestock.
Cross sections have been field surveyed on reaches targeted for Restoration or Enhancement I.
Morphological parameters for those reaches are located in Table 3.
Reach UTl-A, UTl-B, and UT3
Reach UT1-A is a perennial stream that originates at the northeastern corner of the project. The stream
begins off the property in a patch of forest before flowing through a narrow strip of young trees. In general,
UT1-A has diverse bedform with cobble and gravel substrate in riffle sections. The stream banks above the
confluence of UT3 are more laterally stable than UT 1-B, primarily due to the presence of woody vegetation
along the banks, the lower gradient of the channel, and cattle only having access to one side of UT1-A.
Reach UT1-B is a perennial channel that begins immediately downstream of Reach UT1-A before flowing
through active pasture. This reach is devoid of a natural riparian buffer with little to no trees in the buffer
on either bank. The stream is incised and the bank is eroded from cattle trampling. Fluvial erosion is also
common throughout the entire reach. The bed material along this section includes cobble, gravel, and sand.
The drainage area for Reach UT1-A/B is approximately 91 acres. Reach UT3 flows south from a culvert
crossing beneath Howard Gap Road before its confluence with Reach UT1-B. This reach is devoid of a
natural riparian buffer with little to no trees in the buffer on either bank and has a mixture of cobble and
gravel substrate.
Reach UTl-C and UTl-D
Reach UT 1-C begins below the confluence of Reaches UT 1-B and UT2. The condition of Reach UT 1-C is
very similar to UT1-B as the stream is incised, erosion is common, and the bed material includes cobble,
gravel, and sand. UT1-C appears to have been historically straightened and impacts due to cattle trampling
are evident. Reach UT1-D begins at a bedrock knickpoint just below Reach UT1-C and flows to the west
before eventually crossing under I-26 and draining directly to Mud Creek, a 303(d) listed stream. The left
bank of Reach UT 1-D is an intact forest with a mature tree and shrub layer. The right bank is active pasture.
The bed material of Reach UT 1-D is a mix of cobble, gravel, and bedrock. There is an existing gas easement
approximately 200 feet from the bottom of the property. The drainage area for Reach UT1-C/D is
approximately 236 acres.
RES French Broad 05 Stream PROSPECTUS
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Reach UT2-A and UT2-B
Reach UT2-A is a perennial stream that originates in the southeastern corner of the project. The stream
begins off the property before flowing to the west through an active pasture. There is a jurisdictional wetland
feature at the top of the reach along the right bank that is currently affected by cattle access. The stream
banks along this reach are fairly stable, but there is evidence of erosion from cattle and channel incision.
Reach UT2-B begins at a large headcut just downstream of UT2-A before flowing to its confluence with
Reach UT I. The stream is incised and bank erosion from cattle trampling and fluvial erosion is common.
The bed material along this section includes cobble, gravel, and sand. The drainage area for Reach UT2
AB is approximately 105 acres.
Table 3. Commercial Hill Existing Morphological Parameters
Reach
UT1-B
UT1-C
UT2-B
Drainage Area acres
90.86
236.64
105.29
Cross- Sectional Area (sq ft
24.6
42.6
38.3
Bank Width ft
17.8
18.8
17.5
Mean Depth ft
1.4
2.3
2.2
Max De th ft
2.3
3.5
3.8
Wetted Perimeter ft
18.9
21.5
19.6
Hydraulic Radius ft
1.3
2.0
2.0
W/D Ratio
12.9
8.3
8.0
Entrenchment Ratio
1.4
1.5
1.5
6.4.3 Soil Survey
6.4.3.1 General Soil Characteristics
The Site is located within the Blue Ridge Physiographic region, specifically within the Broad Basins Blue
Ridge Ecoregion. The geology of the area is comprised of precambrian gneiss, schist, amphibolite, and
quartzite, on intermountain basins with low mountains, rolling foothills, and moderately broad mountain
valleys. The Soil Survey of Henderson County, North Carolina (USDA, 1962) lists the soils within the
Evard-Clifton-Braddock association.
6.4.3.2 Site Mapped Soil Series
The Henderson County Soil Survey shows four mapping units across the Site. Map units include five soil
series (Figure 6). The soil series found on the site are described below and summarized in Table 4.
Table 4. Commercial Hill Mapped Soil Series
Map Unit
Map Unit Name
Drainage
Hydric
Hydrologic
Symbol
Class
Status
Soil Group
Co
Codorus loam (arkaqua)
Somewhat
poorly drained
Not Hydric
B/D
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Map Unit
Map Unit Name
Drainage
Hydric
Hydrologic
Symbol
Class
Status
Soil Group
Edneyville (edneytown)
EdE
fine sandy loam, 15 to 25
Well drained
Not Hydric
B
percent slopes
HyB
Hayesville loam, 2 to 7
Well drained
Not Hydric
B
percent slopes
HyC
Hayesville loam, 7 to 15
Well drained
Not Hydric
C
percent slopes
TeB
Tate fine sandy loam, 2
Well drained
Not Hydric
C
to 7 percent slopes
6.4.4 Endangered/Threatened Species
Plants and animals with a federal classification of endangered or threatened are protected under provisions
of Sections 7 and 9 of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended. The USFWS database (updated
28 April 2017) lists six endangered species and four threatened species for Henderson County, North
Carolina. The following species have a federal status as endangered: Carolina northern flying squirrel
(Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus), gray bat (Myotis grisescens), Appalachian elktoe (Alasmidonta
raveneliana), bunched arrowhead (Sagittaria fasciculate), and mountain sweet pitcherplant (Sarracenia
rubra ssp. Jonesii). The following species have a federal status as threatened: bog turtle (Glyptemys
muhlenbergii), Northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis), small whorled pogonia (Isotria
medeoloides), swamp pink (Helonias bullata), and white irisette (Sisyrinchium dichotomum) (Table 5).
The bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) is protected under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act
(BGPA) and prohibits take of bald and golden eagles. No protected species or potential habitat for protected
species was observed during preliminary site evaluations.
In addition to the USFWS database, the NC Natural Heritage Program (NHP) GIS database was consulted
to determine whether previously cataloged occurrences of protected species were mapped within one mile
of the Site. Results from NHP indicate that there are no known occurrences of state threatened or
endangered species within a one -mile radius of the project area. Based on initial site investigations, no
impacts to state protected species are anticipated as a result of the proposed project.
The proposed Site offers some potential to improve or create suitable habitat for several Federal Species of
Concern. Habitat may be improved or created for species that require riverine habitat by improving water
quality, in -stream and near -stream forage, and providing stable conditions not subject to regular
maintenance. The decision phase of the project will include USFWS coordination to confirm these findings.
RES French Broad 05 Stream PROSPECTUS
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Table 5. Federally Protected Species in Henderson County
Common Name
Scientific name
Federal
Status
Habitat
Present
Record Status
Vertebrate:
Bog turtle
Glyptemys muhlenber ii
T
No
Current
Carolina northern flying
squirrel
Glaucomys sabrinus
coloratus
E
No
Current
Gray bat
M otis grisescens
E
No
Current
Northern long-eared bat
M otis se tentrionalis
T
No
Current
Invertebrate•
Appalachian elktoe
Alasmidonta raveneliana
E
No
Current
Vascular Plant
Current
Bunched arrowhead
Sa ittaria asciculate
E
No
Current
Mountain sweet
itche lant
Sarracenia rubra ssp.
Jonesii
E
No
Current
Small whorled pogonia
Isotria medeoloides
T
No
Current
Swamp pink
Helonias bullata
T
No
Current
White irisette
Sis rinchium dichotomum
E
No
Current
T= Threatened, E = Endangered
6.4.5 Vegetation
The Site is characterized primarily by pasture, and some areas of disturbed riparian forest. Reach UT-2 has
one area with a slightly developed canopy and the left bank of UT1-D is an established, mature forest. In
general, the rest of the Site is devoid of buffers altogether. There is one small wetland area along the top of
Reach UT-2 that is dominated by herbaceous vegetation, such as rushes (Juncus sp.), sedges (Carex sp.)
and other pasture grasses. Tree and shrub species present throughout the limited buffer include tulip poplar
(Liriodendron tulipifera), chestnut oak (Quercus montana), white pine (Pinus strobus), American sycamore
(Platanus occidentalis), and rhododendron (Rhododendron sp.).
6.4.6 Cultural Resources
Cultural resources include historic and archeological resources located in or near the project area. RES
completed a preliminary survey of cultural resources to determine potential project impacts. A review of
the North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) GIS Web Service database revealed no
historic sites listed on the National Register with the SHPO within one mile of the project area, however
there are multiple sites that are determined to be eligible for listing within one mile of the project. The
environmental screening phase of the project will include SHPO coordination to confirm these findings.
6.4.7 Constraints
There are no major constraints to the proposed Site. There is a gas line easement that crosses the western
portion of the Site. There is also a sanitary sewer easement on the parcel, but this is contained outside of
the project area. The Site is readily accessible from Howard Gap Road and Commercial Hill Drive.
Inspection of the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map indicates that none of the project reaches and associated
floodplains are located within a Zone AE flood area or a FEMA floodway (Figure 7). It is not anticipated
that a No -Rise or a Conditional Letter of Map Revision (CLOMR) will need to be prepared for the Site.
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6.5 Conceptual Mitigation Plan
The Site presents the opportunity to provide 3,228 cool stream mitigation units (SMUs). These will be
derived from stream restoration and enhancement. Table 6 details the mitigation types and SMUs
generated. SMU totals may be adjusted using the most recent USACE non-standard buffer with guidance.
The proposed conceptual design plan is shown in Figure 8.
Table 6. Commercial Hill Proposed Mitigation Summary
Reach
Approach
Len th LF
Ratio
Cool SMUs
Adjusted SMUs
UT1-A
Enhancement II
457
2.5:1
183
232
UT1-B
Restoration
1,275
1:1
1,275
1,601
UT1-C
Restoration
307
1:1
307
389
UT 1-D
I Enhancement III
518
7.5:1
69
63
UT2-A
Enhancement 11
1,119
2.5:1
448
582
UT2-B
Enhancement 1
345.0
1.5:1
230
281
UT3
Enhancement 11
200.0
2.5:1
80
80
Total
4,221
2,591
3,228
6.5.1 Stream Restoration and Enhancement
Stream restoration efforts will be accomplished through a combination of analytical and reference reach -
based design methods. The result will be a combination of Restoration and Enhancement Levels I, II, and
III for the project area. On Restoration and Enhancement I reaches, cross-section geometry, planform, and
profile will be modified to restore appropriate capacity and sinuosity to the channelized streams. The
Restoration will incorporate the design of a single -thread meandering channel, with parameters based on
data taken from appropriate regional curve tables for the Mountain Region of North Carolina and from
reference sites and hydrologic analyses.
Priority Level I Restoration is proposed for Reaches UT1-B and UT1-C. The design approach for these
channels will include meandering the proposed channel within the natural valley, excavating a floodplain
bench, and backfilling the existing stream. Other activities will include improving bedform diversity by
installing grade control structures and improving in -stream habitat with the addition of woody debris
structures. A 150-foot buffer will be established and planted with native riparian vegetation.
Stream Enhancement Level I is proposed for Reach UT2-B. The design approach on this reach will focus
on bank stabilization, improving bedform diversity, and cattle exclusion. Stabilization activities will include
grading along the right bank and installing woody debris to improve hydraulic efficiency and aquatic
habitat. All disturbed areas within the proposed buffer will be planted with native riparian vegetation to a
width of at least 150 feet from the stream's top of bank and fencing will be installed to exclude all livestock.
Stream Enhancement Level II is proposed for Reaches UT1-A, UT2-A, and UT3. The design approach will
focus on improving the riparian buffer through native vegetation planting and treatment of invasive species,
incorporating minimal grading to address minor erosional areas, and installing fencing to exclude all
livestock from streams.
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Stream Enhancement Level III is proposed for Reach UTl-D. The channel here is stable throughout the
proposed easement with appropriate bedform, but the riparian zones lack sufficient buffers and cattle have
access along the right bank. Therefore, cattle will be excluded and a 150-foot buffer will be planted with
native vegetation.
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7 BIG WILLOW SITE
7.1 Project Description
The Big Willow Site (the "Site") is located in Henderson County approximately five miles west of
Hendersonville, NC (Figures 1 and 2). The GPS coordinates of the site are 35.307295 °N and-82.541964
'W. The Site is contained in two parcels totaling 12.48 acres of conservation easement. The Site is located
within a rural area, and land use within the project area is comprised primarily of agricultural and forested
land uses (Figure 3).
The Site is located within the French Broad River Basin (8-digit USGS HUC 06010105, 12-digit USGS
HUC 060101050404), and involves the restoration and enhancement of North Fork Big Willow Creek and
two unnamed tributaries that have been disturbed by agricultural activities and cattle grazing.
The conceptual design presents the opportunity to provide up to 2,721 cool stream mitigation units (SMU).
This proposed Site will result in significant ecological impacts including the reduction of nutrient inputs
via livestock exclusion, improved trout habitat, and the reduction of sediment inputs from eroding stream
banks by restoring the stream channel pattern, dimension, and profile in stream to reference reach
conditions.
7.2 Project Location
To access the Site from the town of Hendersonville, travel west approximately 1.5 miles on 5t' Avenue
West. Continue on Laurel Park Highway for approximately 1 mile, then make a right onto Hebron Road
for 3.4 miles. The Site is located along the North side of Hebron Road.
7.3 Landownership
The land required for the construction, management, and stewardship of this mitigation project includes
portions of the parcels listed in Table 1. A landowner map is also provided in Figure 4. EBX has obtained
easement agreement options on the required parcels.
Table 1. Big Willow Parcel Information
Landowner
Parcel ID
County
Deed Book &
Parcel
Page Number
Acreage
Jeffrey D. Collis SR
9548271003
Henderson
001625/00010
38.22
William D. Ardis
9548363254
Henderson
001331/00490
83.56
7.4 Existing Site Conditions
7.4.1 Existing Jurisdictional Waters of the US
National Wetland Inventory (NWI) mapping does not depict any wetlands in the project area (Figure 5).
Detailed wetland delineation has not been performed. The site will be delineated by RES and approved by
the USACE during the decision phase of the project. The stream channels were classified using NC DWR
methodology. Stream calls will be verified by NC DWR or USACE during the decision phase of the project.
Site reaches were assessed using the NC Stream Assessment Method (NC SAM). NC SAM rating forms
are included in Appendix C, and results are summarized in Table 2.
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Table 2. Big Willow NC SAM Ratings
Reach
Rating
DI
Medium
D2-A
Medium
D2-B
Medium
D2-C
Low
D3
Medium
7.4.2 Existing Reach Conditions
In general, the project streams do not function to their full potential. Current conditions demonstrate
significant habitat degradation as a result of impacts from historical agricultural practices. North Fork Big
Willow Creek has surface water classifications as C and Tr. Class C waters are protected for secondary
recreation, fishing, wildlife, fish consumption, and aquatic life. The supplemental classification of Tr (Trout
Waters) is intended to protect freshwaters for natural trout propagation and survival of stocked trout on a
year-round basis. Cross sections have been field surveyed on reaches targeted for Restoration or
Enhancement I. Morphological parameters for those reaches are located in Table 3.
Reach D1(North Fork Big Willow Creek)
Reach D1 begins at in the southern portion of the project and flows west across the southern border of the
easement. This reach has no riparian buffer throughout its length due to existing agricultural practices along
the right bank and houses and Hebron Road along the left bank. The channel has good substrate diversity,
with cobble and gravel, but the banks are incised and actively eroding towards bordering Hebron Road. The
drainage area of the reach is 693 acres.
Reach D2-A/B/C
Reach D2 begins in the northernmost section of the property and flows to the south before draining to Reach
D 1. The reach is separated by a break in the easement near the top of D2-B. Reach D2-A is a relatively
untouched rhododendron thicket with stable banks and desirable bed substrate. The buffer is functioning
properly. Reach D2-B continues flowing southwest across the easement and has no tree cover or riparian
buffer. Current land use surrounding the reach is agriculture, essentially up to the channel banks. These
practices have impacted the bank stability, causing the channel to become incised. Reach D2-C continues
flowing southwest until its confluence with Reach D 1. Similarly, D2-C is heavily incised and possesses no
riparian buffer due to agricultural practices up to the channel banks. The drainage area at the downstream
end of D2-C is over 181 acres.
Reach D3
Reach D3 begins parallel and west of Reach D2 on the opposite side of the property and flows southwest
to a confluence with the end of Reach DI. The western bank is protected by a healthy tree canopy and
buffer, however the eastern bank has no tree canopy or buffer due to agricultural practices. This western
buffer has helped to limit agricultural impact and the channel shows only localized erosion with coarse bed
substrate. The drainage area of Reach D3 is 92 acres.
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Table 3. Big Willow Existing Morphological Parameters
Reach
D1
D2-B
D2-C
D3
Drainage Area (acres)
693
178
181
92
Cross -Sectional Area (sq ft)
10.6
4.5
1.4
22.0
Bank Width (ft)
16.9
4.0
4.0
8.0
Mean Depth (ft)
0.6
1.1
0.4
2.8
Max Depth (ft)
1.7
1.5
0.5
4.0
Wetted Perimeter (ft)
18.3
5.6
4.4
12.4
Hydraulic Radius (ft)
0.6
0.8
0.3
1.8
W/D Ratio
27.0
3.6
11.4
2.9
Entrenchment Ratio
1.4
1.0
2.5
1.0
7.4.3 Soil Survey
7.4.3.1 General Soil Characteristics
The Site is located within the Blue Ridge Physiographic region, specifically within the Southern Crystalline
Ridges and Mountains Ecoregion. The geology of the area is comprised of Precambrian granite, gneiss,
schist, quartzite, metagraywacke, metavolcanic rock, and amphibolite. The Soil Survey of Henderson
County, North Carolina (USDA, 1980) lists the soils within the Hayesville-Codorus-Bradson Association
and the Chester-Ashe association.
7.4.3.2 Site Mapped Soil Series
The Henderson County Soil Survey shows seven mapping units across the Site. Map units include seven
soil series (Figure 6). The soil series found on the site are described below and summarized in Table 4.
Table 4. Big Willow Mapped Soil Series
Map Unit
Map Unit Name
Drainage
Hydric
Hydrologic
Symbol
Class
Status
Soil Group
AhF
Ashe stony sandy loam,
Somewhat
excessively
Not Hydric
B
25 to 45 percent slopes
drained
BrC
Brevard loam, 7 to 15
Well drained
Not Hydric
B
percent slopes
Co
Codorus loam (arkaqua)
Somewhat
Predominantly
B/D
poorly drained
Nonhydric
Edneyville (edneytown)
HE
fine sandy loam, 15 to 25
Well drained
Not Hydric
B
ercent slopes
EwE
Evard soils, 15 to 25
Well drained
Not Hydric
B
percent slopes
EwF
Evard soils, 25 to 45
Well drained
Not Hydric
B
percent slopes
HyC
Hayesville loam, 7 to 15
Well drained
Not Hydric
C
percent slopes
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7.4.4 Endangered/Threatened Species
Plants and animals with a federal classification of endangered or threatened are protected under provisions
of Sections 7 and 9 of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended. The USFWS database (updated
18 December 2017) lists six endangered species and four threatened species for Henderson County, North
Carolina. The following species have a federal status as endangered: Carolina northern flying squirrel
(Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus), gray bat (Myotis grisescens), Appalachian elktoe (Alasmidonta
raveneliana), bunched arrowhead (Sagittaria fasciculate), and mountain sweet pitcherplant (Sarracenia
rubra ssp. Jonesii). The following species have a federal status as threatened: bog turtle (Glyptemys
muhlenbergii), Northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis), small whorled pogonia (Isotria
medeoloides), swamp pink (Helonias bullata), and white irisette (Sisyrinchium dichotomum) (Table 5).
The Bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) is protected under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act
(BGPA) and prohibits take of bald and golden eagles. No protected species or potential habitat for protected
species was observed during preliminary site evaluations.
In addition to the USFWS database, the NC Natural Heritage Program (NHP) GIS database was consulted
to determine whether previously cataloged occurrences of protected species were mapped within one mile
of the project site. Results from NHP indicate that there are no known occurrences of state threatened or
endangered species within a one -mile radius of the project area. Based on initial site investigations, no
impacts to state protected species are anticipated as a result of the proposed project.
The proposed project offers some potential to improve or create suitable habitat for several Federal Species
of Concern. Habitat may be improved or created for species that require riverine habitat by improving water
quality, in -stream and near -stream forage, and providing stable conditions not subject to regular
maintenance. The decision phase of the project will include USFWS coordination to confirm these findings.
Table 5. Federally Protected Species in Henderson County
Common Name
Scientific name
Federal
Status
Habitat
Present
Record Status
Vertebrate:
Bog turtle
Glyptemys muhlenber ii
T
No
Current
Carolina northern flying
squirrel
Glaucomys sabrinus
coloratus
E
No
Current
Gray bat
Myotis grisescens
E
No
Current
Nothern long-eared bat
Myotis se tentrionalis
T
No
Current
Invertebrate:
Appalachian elktoe
Alasmidonta raveneliana
E
No
Current
Vascular Plant
Current
Bunched Arrowhead
Sa ittaria asciculate
E
No
Current
Mountain sweet
pitcherplant
Sarracenia rubra ssp.
Jonesii
E
No
Current
Small whorled pogonia
Isotria medeoloides
T
No
Current
Swamp pink
Helonias bullata
T
No
Current
White irisette
Sis rinchium dichotomum
E
No
Current
T= Threatened, E = Endangered
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7.4.5 Vegetation
The Site is characterized primarily by agricultural land, including row crops, some areas of disturbed
riparian forest, and some areas of undisturbed riparian forest. Many of the streams on -site lack sufficient
riparian buffers, while some reaches are devoid of buffers altogether. Only one reach appears to be
functioning properly. The non-functioning reaches are primarily composed of herbaceous vegetation with
minimal or absent tree cover. Exotic invasive species are also present and are locally dense in some areas.
In general, the disturbed riparian zones are impacted by regular land management activities related to row -
crop. The Site also includes a stream channel with sufficiently sized riparian buffers that demonstrates more
developed vegetation strata and higher biodiversity, primarily consisting of a dense canopy and
rhododendron understory.
Tree and shrub species present throughout the limited buffer include tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera),
chestnut oak (Quercus montana), white pine (Pinus strobus), American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis),
and rhododendron (Rhododendron sp.).
7.4.6 Cultural Resources
Cultural resources include historic and archeological resources located in or near the project area. RES
completed a preliminary survey of cultural resources to determine potential project impacts. A review of
the North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) GIS Web Service database revealed no
historic sites within a half -mile of the proposed project area. The environmental screening phase of the
project will include SHPO coordination to confirm these findings.
7.4.7 Constraints
There are no major constraints to the proposed Site. There is one existing utility line that runs along the
western portion of DI, however the power poles will be relocated before construction of the project.
Preliminary site investigation identified approximately two acres of hydric soil along the floodplain of
Reach D 1. A detailed soil report will be conducted on the property during the mitigation plan phase of the
project. The Site is readily accessible from Hebron Road and Davis Mountain Road. Inspection of the
FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map indicates that none of the project reaches and associated floodplains are
located within a Zone AE flood area or a FEMA floodway (Figure 7). It is not anticipated that a No -Rise
or a Conditional Letter of Map Revision (CLOMR) will need to be prepared for the Site.
7.5 Conceptual Mitigation Plan
The Site presents the opportunity to provide 2,721 cool SMUs. These will be derived from stream
restoration, enhancement, and preservation. Table 6 details the mitigation types and SMUs generated. SMU
totals may be adjusted using the most recent USACE non-standard buffer with guidance. The proposed
conceptual design plan is shown in Figure 8.
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Table 6. Big Willow Proposed Mitigation Summary
Reach
Approach
Length (LF)
Ratio
Cool SMUs
Adjusted SMUs
DI
Restoration
1,682
1:1
1,682
1,901
D2-A
Preservation
1,316
10:1
132
132
D2-B
Enhancement II
629
2.5:1
252
252
D2-C
Restoration
241
1:1
241
255
D3
Enhancement 111
891
5:1
178
182
Total
4,759
2,484
2,721
7.5.1 Stream Restoration, Enhancement, and Preservation
Current stream conditions along the proposed restoration reaches demonstrate significant habitat
degradation as a result of impacts from agricultural land use. Additionally, most of the riparian buffers are
in poor condition throughout the project area.
Stream restoration efforts will be accomplished through a combination of analytical and reference reach -
based design methods. The result will be a combination of Priority Level I Restoration, Enhancement Levels
11, and 111, and Preservation for the project area. The cross-section geometry, planform, and profile will be
modified to restore appropriate capacity and sinuosity to the channelized streams. The Priority Level I
stream restoration will incorporate the design of a single -thread meandering channel, with parameters based
on data taken from appropriate regional curve tables for the Piedmont of North Carolina and from reference
sites and hydrologic analyses.
Priority Level I Restoration is proposed for Reaches D1 and D2-C. A meandering channel will be
constructed within the natural valley and graded to restore floodplain access. Because the buffer is devoid
of significant woody vegetation, woody debris will be installed along the bed to improve in -stream habitat.
A minimum 30-foot buffer will be established and planted with native riparian vegetation.
Stream Enhancement Level II is proposed for Reach D2-B. The design approach on this reach will focus
on bank stabilization and riparian buffer restoration. Stabilization activities will include installing grade
control structures and live -stake plantings to improve hydraulic function and aquatic habitat. All disturbed
areas within the proposed buffer will be planted with native riparian vegetation to a width of at least 30 feet
from the stream's top of bank.
Stream Enhancement Level III is proposed for Reach D3. The channel is moderately stable throughout the
proposed easement, but the riparian zone lacks sufficient buffer on the eastern bank. Therefore, areas of
invasive species growth will be treated and a minimum 30-foot buffer will be planted with native vegetation
on the eastern bank.
Stream Preservation is proposed for Reach D2-A. The channel buffer is functioning properly with a dense
canopy and a healthy rhododendron understory. The long-term presence of this buffer has maintained
proper bedform and bank stability.
RES French Broad 05 Stream PROSPECTUS
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8 DEAD OAK SITE
8.1 Project Description
The Dead Oak Site (the "Site") is located in Buncombe County approximately two miles northwest of
Alexander, NC (Figures 1 and 2). The GPS coordinates of the site are 35.71256°N, 82.66514°W. The Site
is contained in two parcels totaling 21.8 acres of conservation easement. The Site is located within a rural
area, and land use within the project area is comprised primarily of agricultural and forested land uses
(Figure 3).
The Site is located within the French Broad River Basin (8-digit USGS HUC 06010105, 12-digit USGS
HUCs 060101050905 and 060101050907), and involves the restoration of four unnamed tributaries to the
French Broad River and one unnamed tributary to Turkey Creek that have been disturbed by agricultural
activities and cattle grazing. The conceptual design presents the opportunity to provide up to 6,166 cool
stream mitigation units (SMU). This proposed Site will result in significant ecological impacts including
the reduction of nutrient inputs via livestock exclusion and the reduction of sediment inputs from eroding
stream banks by restoring the stream channel pattern, dimension, and profile in stream to reference reach
conditions.
The Site was designed to be contiguous with the existing Sandy Mush Game Lands (SMGL). In 2004, the
28 parcels making up SMGL were purchased fee simple by the State of North Carolina from Progress
Energy Corporation (with reserved easements for power lines and railroads) with the sole purpose of
providing stream mitigation credits needed under a new mitigation agreement between the USACE and the
Ecosystem Enhancement Program (EEP). In 2006 management responsibilities were transferred from EEP
to North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission (NCWRC) to manage the area as game lands.
8.2 Project Location
To access the Site from the town of Alexander, travel west approximately 1.5 miles on Fletcher Martin
Road, and turn right onto Marshall Road/Old Highway 20. Then immediately bear right onto Cedar Hill
Road. The majority of the easement is located north/northeast of this location in the forested pastureland.
The other section of the easement is back south along Marshall Road/Old Highway 20. Access this by
bearing left at the Marshall Road and Cedar Hill Road Split mentioned earlier.
8.3 Landownership
The land required for the construction, management, and stewardship of this mitigation project includes
portions of the parcels listed in Table 1. A landowner map is also provided in Figure 4. EBX has obtained
easement agreement options on the required parcels.
Table 1. Dead Oak Parcel Information
Landowner
Parcel ID
County
Deed Book &
Parcel
Page Number
Acreage
Carter B. Fletcher
971333543000000
Buncombe
89E/569
175.68
Carter B. Fletcher
971354259600000
Buncombe
89E/1476
111.33
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8.4 Existing Conditions
8.4.1 Existing Jurisdictional Waters of the US
National Wetland Inventory (NWI) mapping does not depict any wetlands in the project area (Figure 5).
Detailed wetland delineation has not been performed. The Site will be delineated by RES and approved by
the USACE during the decision phase of the project. The stream channels were classified using NC DWR
methodology. Stream calls will be verified by NC DWR or USACE during the decision phase of the project.
Site reaches were assessed using the NC Stream Assessment Method (NC SAM). NC SAM rating forms
are included in Appendix C, and results are summarized in Table 2.
Table 2. Dead Oak NC SAM Ratings
Reach
Rating
FC1
Low
FC2
Low
FC3
Low
FC4-A
Low
FC4-B
Low
FC5
Low
FC6
High
FC7
Low
8.4.2 Existing Reach Conditions
In general, all or portions of the project streams do not function to their full potential except for Reach FC6,
which will be treated as preservation. Current conditions of the other reaches demonstrate significant habitat
degradation as a result of impacts from livestock access and historic agricultural and forest clearing
activities. Morphological parameters for the restoration reaches are located in Table 3.
Reach FC1
Reach FC1 is large actively eroding channel in the northern portion of the project that flows northeast and
drains directly to the property boundary with the SMGL. This reach has a relatively established canopy, but
extensive livestock access has led to a heavily degraded midstory and understory plant community. The
channel shows some areas of desired bedform, but is heavily incised over much of the reach. Existing land
use is predominantly pasture land. The drainage area for this reach is approximately 64 acres.
Reach FC2
Reach FC2 begins in the southeastern section of the property and flows north to a confluence with Reach
FC3. Similar to Reach FC1, this reach has a degraded midstory and understory buffer and a heavily incised
channel from historical livestock access. A canopy exists in the buffer on the left bank, but is virtually
absent on the right bank. Existing land use is pasture with minimal trees along the banks. The drainage area
for this reach is approximately 30 acres.
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Reach FC3
Reach FC3 is a small tributary to Reach FC2 that flows east towards the confluence. This reach has not
been as heavily impacted by livestock as other reaches, but the bedform still shows high sedimentation and
the buffer shows significant alterations from livestock access.
Reach FC4-A/FC4-B
Reach FC4 begins in a wooded valley and drains southeast to the tributary that FC2, and FC5 also drain to
before becoming Reach FC6. FC4-A is the headwater of this reach and shows only slight alteration from
livestock while FC4-B is more heavily impacted and incised. This reach also shows significant buffer
impact from invasive plants. Existing land use surrounding the reach is active pasture.
Reach FC5
Reach FC5 is parallel and north to FC4 and flows southeast to the larger channel that becomes Reach FC6.
Livestock has access to this reach, resulting in notable impacts to the channel bedform, and buffers. Existing
land use surrounding the reach is active pasture.
Reach FC6
Reach FC6 flows directly north where it drains directly to the property boundary with the SMGL and
eventually meets with the French Broad River outside of the easement. Reaches FC2, FC3, FC4, and FC5
are all upstream and flow into FC6. Despite the degraded qualities of the upstream reaches, Reach FC6 is
relatively pristine and shows virtually no impact from livestock.
Reach FC7
Reach FC7 flows west and eventually drains into Turkey Creek. This reach is separated into a 14-digit HUC
than the other project reaches, but is also directly contiguous with the SMGL. FC7 is incised and possesses
virtually no buffer because of heavy livestock access. The origin of the reach has a strong headcut and
shows signs of continuing to erode southeast through the pastureland without management. The land use
surrounding the reach is active pasture.
Table 3. Dead Oak Existing Mor holo ical Parameters
Reach
FC1
FC2
FC4-B
FC7
Drainage Area (acres)
64
29
15
142
Cross -Sectional Area (sq ft)
43.3
50.4
95.2
42.7
Bank Width (ft)
16.8
19.2
28.0
17.3
Mean Depth (ft)
2.6
2.6
3.4
2.5
Max Depth (ft)
5.1
4.8
6.5
4.0
Wetted Perimeter (ft)
21.3
22.6
32.0
19.6
Hydraulic Radius (ft)
2.0
2.2
3.0
2.2
W/D Ratio
6.5
7.3
8.2
7.0
Entrenchment Ratio
1.1
1.1
1.0
1.2
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8.4.3 Soil Survey
8.4.3.1 General Soil Characteristics
The Site is located within the Blue Ridge Physiographic region, specifically within the Broad Basins Blue
Ridge Ecoregion. The geology of the area is comprised of precambrian gneiss, schist, amphibolite, and
quartzite, on intermountain basins with low mountains, rolling foothills, and moderately broad mountain
valleys. The Soil Survey of Buncombe County, North Carolina (USDA, 1962) lists the soils within the
Hayesville-Codorus-Bradson association.
8.4.3.2 Site Mapped Soil Series
The Buncombe County Soil Survey shows nine mapping units across the project site. Map units include six
soil series (Figure 6). The soil series found on the site are described below and summarized in Table 4.
Table 4. Dead Oak Mapped Soil Series
Map Unit
Map Unit Name
Drainage
Hydric Status
Hydrologic
Symbol
Class
Soil Group
CkD2
Clifton clay loam, 15 to
Well drained
Not Hydric
B
30 percent slopes
CkE2
Clifton clay loam, 30 to
Well drained
Not Hydric
B
50 percent slopes
EvE2
Evard-Cowee complex,
Well drained
Not Hydric
B/C
30 to 50 percent slopes
TaB
Tate loam, 2 to 8 percent
Well drained
Not Hydric
C
slopes
Walnut-Oteen-Mars hill
WaE2
complex, 30 to 50 percent
Well drained
Not Hydric
A/B/D
slopes
Walnut-Oteen-Rock
WnF
outcrop complex, 50 to
Well drained
Not Hydric
B/D
95 percent slopes
8.4.4 Endangered/Threatened Species
The US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) database (updated 19 October 2017) lists eight endangered
species for Buncombe County, North Carolina (Table 5): spruce -fir moss spider (Microhexura montivaga),
spreading avens (Geum radiatum), bunched arrowhead (Sagittaria fasciculata), mountain sweet pitcher -
plant (Sarracenia rubra ssp. jonesii), rock gnome lichen (Gymnoderma lineare), gray bat (Myotis
grisescens), Applachian elktoe (Alasmidonta raveneliana), and Carolina northern flying squirrel
(Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus). The USFWS database also lists four threatened species for the County:
Blue Ridge goldenrod (Solidago spithamaea), Virginia spiraea (Spiraea virginiana), Northern long- eared
bat (Myotis septentrionalis) and bog turtle (Clemmys muhlenbergii). The Bald eagle (Haliaeetus
leucocephalus) is protected under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (BGPA) and prohibits take of
bald and golden eagles. No protected species or potential habitat for protected species was observed during
preliminary site evaluations.
RES French Broad 05 Stream PROSPECTUS
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In addition to the USFWS database, the NC Natural Heritage Program (NHP) GIS database was consulted
to determine whether previously cataloged occurrences of protected species were mapped within one mile
of the project site. Results from NHP indicate that there are no known occurrences of state threatened or
endangered species within a one -mile radius of the project area. Based on initial site investigations, no
impacts to state protected species are anticipated as a result of the proposed project.
The proposed project offers some potential to improve or create suitable habitat for several Federal Species
of Concern. Habitat may be improved or created for species that require riverine habitat by improving water
quality, in -stream and near -stream forage, and providing stable conditions not subject to regular
maintenance. The decision phase of the project will include USFWS coordination to confirm these findings.
Table 5. Federally Protected Species in Buncombe County
Common Name
Scientific name
Federal
Status
Habitat
Present
Record
Status
Vertebrate:
Carolina northern flying squirrel
y g q
Glaucomys sabrinus
coloratus
E
No
Current
Gray bat
M otis grisescens
E
No
Current
Northern long-eared bat
M otis se tentrionalis
T
No
Current
Bog turtle
I Clemm s muhlenber ii
I T
No
Current
Invertebrate:
Appalachian elktoe
Alasmidonta raveneliana
E E
No
Current
Spruce -fir moss spider
Microhexura montiva a
E
No
Current
Vascularplant:
Bunched arrowhead
Sa ittaria asciculata
E
No
Current
Mountain sweet pitcher -plant
Sarra.i. rubs ssp.
'onesii
E
No
Spreading avens
Geum radiatum
E
No
Current
Blue Ride goldenrod
Solida o s ithamaea
T
No
Virginia s iraea
I S iraea vir iniana
T
No
Current
Lichen:
Rock gnome lichen G mnoderma lineare E No Current
T= Threatened, E = Endangered
8.4.5 Vegetation
The Site is characterized primarily by agricultural land, including pasture and some areas of disturbed
riparian forest. Many of the streams on -site lack sufficient riparian buffers, while some reaches are devoid
of buffers altogether. Vegetation associated with these areas is primarily composed of herbaceous
vegetation interspersed with trees. Exotic invasive species are also present and are locally dense in some
areas. In general, these riparian zones are disturbed due to regular land management activities related to
cattle production. The Site also includes stream channels with sufficiently sized riparian buffers that
demonstrate more developed vegetation strata and higher biodiversity. However, these areas are still
disturbed by frequent cattle access and presence of exotic invasive species.
Tree species present throughout the Site include American beech (Fagus grandifolia), Northern red oak
(Quercus rubra), white oak (Quercus alba), Eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis), and Eastern white pine
(Pinus strobus). Exotic invasive species include Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense), Oriental bittersweet
RES French Broad 05 Stream PROSPECTUS
Umbrella Mitigation Bank 34 January 2018

(Celastrus orbiculatus), princess tree (Paulownia tomentosa), kudzu (Pueraria montana), and multiflora
rose (Rosa multiflora).
8.4.6 Cultural Resources
Cultural resources include historic and archeological resources located in or near the project area. RES
completed a preliminary survey of cultural resources to determine potential project impacts. A review of
the North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) GIS Web Service database revealed no
historic sites listed on the National Register with the SHPO within one mile of the project area, however
there are multiple sites that are determined to be eligible for listing within one mile of the project. The
environmental screening phase of the project will include SHPO coordination to confirm these findings.
8.4.7 Constraints
There are no major constraints to the proposed Site. There is a powerline easement that crosses the
southwestern portion of the Site along Reach F7. However, the easement will be placed to avoid the
powerline easement. The southernmost portion of the Site is readily accessible from Marshall Road/Old
NC Highway 20 and the northern portions are accessible from Cedar Hill Road. Inspection of the FEMA
Flood Insurance Rate Map indicates that none of the project reaches and associated floodplains are located
within a Zone AE flood area or a FEMA floodway (Figure 7). It is not anticipated that a No -Rise or a
Conditional Letter of Map Revision (CLOMR) will need to be prepared for the Site.
8.5 Conceptual Mitigation Plan
The Site presents the opportunity to provide 6,116 cool SMUs. These will be derived from stream
restoration, enhancement, and preservation. Table 6 details the mitigation types and SMUs generated. SMU
totals may be adjusted using the most recent USACE non-standard buffer with guidance. The proposed
conceptual design plan is shown in Figure 8.
Table 6. Dead Oak Proposed Mitigation Summary
Reach
Approach
Length
Ratio
SMU
Adjusted SMU
FC1
Restoration
1,635
1:1
1,635
1,896
FC2
Restoration
1,069
1:1
1,069
1,166
FC3
Enhancement II
269
2.5:1
108
108
FC4-A
Enhancement 11
163
2.5:1
65
65
FC4-B
Restoration
571
1:1
571
571
FC5
Enhancement II
582
2.5:1
233
233
FC6
Preservation
1,141
10:1
114
114
FC7
Restoration
1,785
1:1
1,785
1,964
Total
7,215
5,580
6,116
RES French Broad 05 Stream PROSPECTUS
Umbrella Mitigation Bank 35 January 2018

8.5.1 Stream Restoration, Enhancement, and Preservation
Current stream conditions along the proposed restoration reaches demonstrate significant habitat
degradation as a result of impacts from agricultural land use. Additionally, the riparian buffers are in poor
condition throughout much of the project area.
Stream restoration efforts will be accomplished through a combination of analytical and reference reach -
based design methods. The result will be a combination of Priority Level I Restoration, Enhancement Level
11, and Preservation. The cross-section geometry, planform, and profile will be modified to restore
appropriate capacity and sinuosity to the channelized streams. The Priority Level I stream restoration will
incorporate the design of a single -thread meandering channel, with parameters based on data taken from
appropriate regional curve tables for the Mountains of North Carolina and from reference sites and
hydrologic analyses.
Priority Level I Restoration is proposed for Reaches FC1, FC2, FC4-B, and FC7. The design approach for
these reaches will include meandering the proposed channel within the natural valley, grading the banks to
restore access to the floodplains and decrease sedimentation from erosion, and implementing in -channel
structures to reduce stream velocity and stress. Fencing will also be installed to exclude all livestock from
the stream. A minimum 30-foot buffer will be established and planted with native riparian vegetation.
Stream Enhancement Level 11 is proposed for Reaches FC3, FC4-A, and FC5. The design approach on
these reaches will focus on improving the riparian buffer through native vegetation planting and treatment
of invasive species, incorporating minimal grading to address minor erosional areas, and installing fencing
to exclude all livestock from streams.
Stream Preservation is proposed for Reach FC6. The channel appears to be functioning properly and has a
well -established riparian buffer. Areas of invasive species growth will be treated as necessary and a buffer
width of 50 feet will be established to maintain healthy conditions.
RES French Broad 05 Stream PROSPECTUS
Umbrella Mitigation Bank 36 January 2018

9 PUNCHEON FORK SITE
9.1 Project Description
The Puncheon Fork Site (the "Site") is located in Madison County approximately five miles northwest of
Swiss, NC (Figures 1 and 2). The GPS coordinates of the site are 35.954868 °N and-82.531369 'W. The
Site is contained in five parcels totaling approximately 15 acres of conservation easement. The Site is
located within a rural area, and land use within the project area is comprised primarily of agricultural and
forested land uses (Figure 3).
The Site is located within the French Broad River Basin (8-digit USGS HUC 06010105, 12-digit USGS
HUC 060101050004), and involves the restoration and enhancement of four unnamed tributaries that have
been disturbed by agricultural activities and cattle grazing. The conceptual design presents the opportunity
to provide up to 3,037 cold stream mitigation units (SMU). This proposed Site will result in significant
ecological impacts including the reduction of nutrient inputs via livestock exclusion and the reduction of
sediment inputs from eroding stream banks by restoring the stream channel pattern, dimension, and profile
in stream to reference reach conditions.
9.2 Project Location
To access the Site from the town of Swiss, travel west approximately 1.3 miles on US-19, and turn right
onto Windy Gap Road. Then continue on Windy Gap Road for 1.6 miles, and turn right onto Puncheon
Fork Road. The project is located along the east side of Puncheon Fork Road.
9.3 Landownership
The land required for the construction, management, and stewardship of this mitigation project includes
portions of the parcels listed in Table 1. A landowner map is also provided in Figure 4. EBX has obtained
easement agreement options on the required parcels.
Table 1. Puncheon Fork Parcel Information
Deed Book &
Parcel
Landowner
Parcel ID
County
Page Number
Acreage
James Bertran
9852433188
Madison
140/226
11.53
Burnette
James Bertran
9852425291
Madison
160/93
29.37
Burnette
James Bertran
9852511453
Madison
190/706
11.42
Burnette
James Bertran
9852505995
Madison
266/336
18.04
Burnette
James Bertran
985250115
Madison
337/447
1.09
Burnette
9.4 Existing Conditions
9.4.1 Existing Jurisdictional Waters of the US
National Wetland Inventory (NWI) mapping does not depict any wetlands in the project area (Figure 5).
Detailed wetland delineation has not been performed. The Site will be delineated by RES and approved by
RES French Broad 05 Stream PROSPECTUS
Umbrella Mitigation Bank 37 January 2018

the USACE during the decision phase of the project. The stream channels were classified using NC DWR
methodology. Stream calls will be verified by NC DWR or USACE during the decision phase of the project.
Site reaches were assessed using the NC Stream Assessment Method (NC SAM). NC SAM rating forms
are included in Appendix C, and results are summarized in Table 2.
Table 2. Puncheon Fork NC SAM Ratings
Reach
Rating
JB1
Low
JB2
Low
JB3-A/B/C
Low
JB4-A/B/C
Low
JB5-A
Low
JB5-B
Medium
JB6
Low
9.4.2 Existing Reach Conditions
In general, all or portions of the project streams do not function to their full potential. Current conditions
demonstrate significant habitat degradation as a result of impacts from agriculture, historic land uses, and
livestock. Morphological parameters for Restoration and Enhancement I reaches are located in Table 3.
Reach JB1
Reach JB1 is in the northwest portion of the project and flows south to a confluence with JB2. This reach
has minimal riparian buffer upstream and virtually no buffer downstream as it winds through a valley
bottom. The banks and substrate appear relatively stable, but are not fully functioning from a lack of
sufficient buffer and livestock intrusion. Existing land use surrounding the reach is predominantly pasture.
The drainage area is 123 acres.
Reach JB2
Reach JB2 begins in the northwest section of the property and flows to the southeast to a confluence with
JB 1. The channel shows localized areas of active erosion and impact from livestock. This reach shows
similar conditions to JB 1 with the addition of numerous failing or degrading stream crossings. Existing land
use is pasture with minimal trees along the banks. The drainage area at the downstream end is 112 acres.
Reach JB3-A/B/C
Reach JB3 begins at the confluence of JB 1 and JB2 and flows south to an easement break before becoming
Reach JB5. JB3-A and JB3-C show relatively healthy stream banks and substrate, but lack a sufficient
riparian buffer and allow livestock access. JB3-B lacks a sufficient riparian buffer and has significant bank
erosion, including a forming headcut, from livestock access. Existing land use surrounding the reach is
active pasture. The drainage area is 261 acres.
Reach JB4-AB/C
Reach JB4 begins on the western side of the project and flows east to a confluence with JB5. Portions of
JB4-A and JB4-C have a relatively thin buffer with a minimally impacted channel. JB4-B is similar, but
RES French Broad 05 Stream PROSPECTUS
Umbrella Mitigation Bank 38 January 2018

showing slightly more bank erosion. Existing land use surrounding the reach is active pasture and allows
livestock access to the channel. The drainage area is 34.5 acres.
Reach JB5-A/B/C
Reach JB5 begins in the middle of the project and forms the main channel, flowing southeast to a confluence
with JB6. The upstream portions of the reach, JB5-A and JB5-B, show a relatively thick rhododendron
buffer that appears to keep livestock impact limited. JB5-A does however show minimal bank erosion in
the areas where livestock can access the channel. Channel substrate and banks appear healthy and function
aside from localized erosion. JB5-C also has an apparently healthy bed substrate, but lacks a sufficient
riparian buffer and allows livestock access. Resulting access shows signs of bank erosion through JB5-C.
The drainage area is 334 acres.
Reach JB6
Reach JB6 begins at the culvert crossing under Puncheon Fork Road and flows southeast. All other reaches
drain into JB6 via a confluence with JB5 shortly downstream from the culvert crossing. This reach has a
very limited riparian buffer and shows localized bank erosion throughout. Existing land use surrounding
the reach is active pasture. The drainage area is nearly 874 acres.
Table 3. Puncheon Fork Existing Morphological Parameters
Reach
JB3
JB4
JB5
JB6
Drainage Area (acres)
261
36
334
874
Cross -Sectional Area (sq ft)
42.5
96.0
27.0
27.0
Bank Width (ft)
12.0
20.0
12.0
12.0
Mean Depth (ft)
3.5
4.8
2.3
2.3
Max Depth (ft)
5.0
8.0
3.0
3.0
Wetted Perimeter (ft)
17.2
26.6
14.5
14.5
Hydraulic Radius (ft)
2.5
3.6
1.9
1.9
W/D Ratio
3.4
4.2
5.3
5.3
Entrenchment Ratio
1
1
1
1
9.4.3 Soil Survey
9.4.3.1 General Soil Characteristics
The Site is located within the Blue Ridge Physiographic region, specifically within the Southern Crystalline
Ridges and Mountains Ecoregion. The geology of the area is comprised of Precambrian granite, gneiss,
schist, quartzite, metagraywacke, metavolcanic rock, and amphibolite. There is some Paleozoic gneiss and
quartz diorite on low to high mountains, gently rounded to steep slopes, and narrow valleys. The Soil Survey
of Madison County, North Carolina (USDA, 2008) lists the soils within the Tusquitee-Porters-Fannin-
Evard-Bevard-Ashe association.
RES French Broad 05 Stream PROSPECTUS
Umbrella Mitigation Bank 39 January 2018

9.4.3.2 Site Mapped Soil Series
The Madison County Soil Survey shows four mapping units across the project site. Map units include six
soil series (Figure 6). The soil series found on the Site are described below and summarized in Table 4.
Table 4. Puncheon Fork Mapped Soil Series
Map Unit
Map Unit Name
Drainage
Hydric Status
Hydrologic
Symbol
Class
Soil Group
EfA
Ela loam, 0 to 2 percent
Very Poorly
Yes
A/D
slopes, frequently flooded
Porters-Unaka complex,
PxF
50 to 95 percent slopes,
Well
No
A/B
rock
TaB
Tate loam, 2 to 8 percent
Well
No
C
slopes
TaC
Tate loam, 8 to 15
Well
No
B
percent slopes
Toecane-Tusquitee
TrC
complex, 8 to 15 percent
Well
No
A
slopes, bouldery
Toecane-Tusquitee
TsD
complex, 15 to 30 percent
Well
No
A
slopes, very bouldery
9.4.4 Endangered/Threatened Species
Plants and animals with a federal classification of endangered or threatened are protected under provisions
of Sections 7 and 9 of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended. The USFWS database (updated
05 May 2017) lists one endangered species and one threatened species for Madison County, North Carolina:
gray bat (Myotis grisescens) and Northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis) (Table 5). The Bald eagle
(Haliaeetus leucocephalus) is protected under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (BGPA) and
prohibits take of bald and golden eagles. No protected species or potential habitat for protected species was
observed during preliminary site evaluations.
In addition to the USFWS database, the NC Natural Heritage Program (NHP) GIS database was consulted
to determine whether previously cataloged occurrences of federally protected species were mapped within
one mile of the project site. Results from NHP indicate that there are no known occurrences of state
threatened or endangered species within a one -mile radius of the project area. Based on initial site
investigations, no impacts to state protected species are anticipated as a result of the proposed project.
The proposed project offers some potential to improve or create suitable habitat for several Federal Species
of Concern. Habitat may be improved or created for species that require riverine habitat by improving water
quality, in -stream and near -stream forage, and providing stable conditions not subject to regular
maintenance. The decision phase of the project will include USFWS coordination to confirm these findings.
RES French Broad 05 Stream PROSPECTUS
Umbrella Mitigation Bank 40 January 2018

Table 5. Federally Protected Species in Madison County
Common Name
Scientific name
Federal
Status
Habitat
Present
Record Status
Vertebrate:
Gray bat
M otis grisescens
E
No
Current
Nothern long-eared bat
M otis se tentrionalis
T
No
Current
T= Threatened, E = Endangered
9.4.5 Vegetation
The Site is characterized primarily by agricultural land, including pasture and some areas of disturbed
riparian forest. Many of the streams on -site lack sufficient riparian buffers, while some reaches are devoid
of buffers altogether. Vegetation associated with these areas is primarily composed of herbaceous
vegetation interspersed with trees. Exotic invasive species are also present in some areas. In general, these
riparian zones are disturbed due to regular land management activities related to cattle production. The Site
also includes stream channels with sufficiently sized riparian buffers that demonstrate more developed
vegetation strata and higher biodiversity. However, these areas are still disturbed by frequent cattle access
and presence of exotic invasive species.
Tree species present throughout the Site include American beech (Fagus grandifolia), Eastern hemlock
(Tsuga canadensis), yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis), and Eastern white pine (Pinus strobus).
Understory species include rhododendron (Rhododendron maximum), and common rush (Juncus effuses).
9.4.6 Cultural Resources
Cultural resources include historic and archeological resources located in or near the project area. RES
completed a preliminary survey of cultural resources to determine potential project impacts. A review of
the North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) GIS Web Service database revealed no
historic sites within a half -mile of the proposed project area. The environmental screening phase of the
project will include SHPO coordination to confirm these findings.
9.4.7 Constraints
There are no major constraints to the proposed Site. The Site is readily accessible from Puncheon Fork
Road. Preliminary site investigations identified approximately three acres of jurisdictional wetlands within
the proposed project boundary. Inspection of the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map indicates that none of
the project reaches and associated floodplains are located within a Zone AE flood area or a FEMA floodway
(Figure 7). It is not anticipated that a No -Rise or a Conditional Letter of Map Revision (CLOMR) will need
to be prepared for the site.
9.5 Conceptual Mitigation Plan
The Site presents the opportunity to provide 3,037 cold SMUs. These will be derived from stream
restoration and enhancement. Table 6 details the mitigation types and SMUs generated. SMU totals may
be adjusted using the most recent USACE non-standard buffer with guidance. The proposed conceptual
design plan is shown in Figure 8.
RES French Broad 05 Stream PROSPECTUS
Umbrella Mitigation Bank 41 January 2018

Table 6. Puncheon Fork Proposed Mitigation Summary
Reach
Approach
Length (LF)
Ratio
Cold SMUs
Adjusted
SMUs
JB 1
Enhancement II
631
1:2.5
252
275
JB2
Enhancement II
603
1:2.5
241
241
J133-A
Enhancement II
284
1:2.5
114
131
JB3-B
Enhancement I
237
1:1.5
158
182
J133-C
Enhancement II
191
1:2.5
76
88
JB4-A
Enhancement II
610
1:2.5
244
266
J134-13
Enhancement I
454
1:1.5
303
339
J134-C
Enhancement II
205
1:2.5
82
82
JB5-A
Enhancement II
457
1:2.5
183
210
J135-13
Enhancement III
658
1:5.0
132
147
JB5-C
Restoration
334
1:1.0
334
391
J136
Enhancement I
894
1:1.5
596
685
Total
5,558
2,714
3,037
9.5.1 Stream Restoration and Enhancement
Current stream conditions along the proposed restoration reaches demonstrate significant habitat
degradation as a result of impacts from agricultural land use. Additionally, the riparian buffers are in poor
condition throughout much of the project area.
Stream restoration efforts will be accomplished through a combination of analytical and reference reach -
based design methods. The result will be a combination of Priority Level I Restoration and Enhancement
Levels I, II, and III for the project area. The cross-section geometry, planform, and profile will be modified
to restore appropriate capacity and sinuosity to the channelized streams. The Priority Level I stream
restoration will incorporate the design of a single -thread meandering channel, with parameters based on
data taken from appropriate regional curve tables for the Mountains of North Carolina and from reference
sites and hydrologic analyses.
Priority Level I Restoration is proposed for Reach JB5-C. The design approach will include meandering
the proposed channel within the natural valley, grading the currently incised banks, and excavating a
floodplain bench to allow the channel to access the floodplain during heavy precipitation events. A
minimum 30-foot buffer will be established and planted with native riparian vegetation and a fence will be
installed to exclude all livestock.
Stream Enhancement Level I is proposed for Reaches J133-13, J134-13, and J136. The design approach on this
reach will focus on bank stabilization, riparian buffer restoration, and cattle exclusion. Stabilization
activities will include installing grade control structures, woody debris structures, and live -stake plantings
to improve hydraulic efficiency and aquatic habitat. All disturbed areas within the proposed buffer will be
planted with native riparian vegetation to a width of at least 30 feet from the stream's top of bank and
fencing will be installed to exclude all livestock.
Stream Enhancement Level II is proposed for Reaches JB1, J132, JB3-A/C, JB4-A/C, and J135-A. The
design approach on these reaches will focus on improving the riparian buffer through native vegetation
RES French Broad 05 Stream PROSPECTUS
Umbrella Mitigation Bank 42 January 2018

planting and treatment of invasive species, incorporating minimal grading to address minor erosional areas,
and installing fencing to exclude all livestock from streams.
Stream Enhancement Level III is proposed for Reach J135-13. The channels are moderately stable throughout
the proposed reach and are protected by relatively intact buffers, but may still allow occasional access to
livestock. Therefore, a fence will be installed to establish a permanent minimum 30-foot buffer and to
exclude livestock. Additional planting may be implemented to increase the buffer biodiversity.
RES French Broad 05 Stream PROSPECTUS
Umbrella Mitigation Bank 43 January 2018

Figures

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Figure 4 - Landowner Map
Carolina Bison Mitigation Site
Buncombe County, North Carolina
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Proposed Easement
Project Parcels
Parcels
Date: 12/20/2017
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Figure 7 - Constraints Map
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Carolina Bison Mitigation Site
150 300
M!5iiiiia Buncombe County, North Carolina
Permanent Structure
Legend
Existing Streams
Approx. Powerline Easment
® Approximate Existing Wetlands (None)
Proposed Easement
FEMA Zone AE (None)
Project Parcels
Parcels
Date: 1 /3/2018
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Proposed
Crossing
Proposed
Crossing
Proposed
Crossing
Length
966
282
756
866
1,602
4,472
Ratio SMU SMU Adjusted
1:1 966 1,053
1.5:1 188 160
1:1 756 824
1:1 866 944
1:1 1,602 1,746
4,378 4,727
Legend
Restoration
Enhancement I
Proposed Easement (10.9 ac)
Project Parcels
Parcels
Li
Reach Approach
P131-A Restoration
P61-13 Enhancement 1
P131-C Restoration
o P132 Restoration
UT1 Restoration
Total
g
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150 300
Feet
Figure 8 - Conceptual Map
Carolina Bison Mitigation Site
Buncombe County, North Carolina
Date: 1 /2/2018
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Commercial Hill Site

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Legend
Existing Streams
Approximate Existing Wetlands
Proposed Easement
Sanitary Sewer
Gas Line Easement
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Project Parcel
Parcels
Figure 7 - Constraints Map Date: 1/4/2018
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Commercial Hill Mitigation Site
Henderson County, North Carolina
YIOI W40

y ^
Proposed Crossing
Legend
Reach
Approach
Length
Ratio SMUs
Adjusted
Restoration
SMU
Enhancement I
UT1-A
Enhancement II
457
2.5:1 183
232
UT1-B
Restoration
1,275
1:1 1,275
1,601
Enhancement II
UT1-C
Restoration
307
1:1 307
389
Enhancement III
UT1-D
Enhancement III
518
7.5:1 69
63
Proposed Easement (34.72 ac)
UT2-A
Enhancement II
1,119
2.5:1 448
582
UT2-13
Enhancement 1
345
1.5:1 230
281
Project Parcel
p UT3
Enhancement 11
200
2.5:1 80
80
Parcels
Total
4,221
2,591
3,228
W
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Figure 8 - Conceptual Map
Date: 12/21/2017
p
Commercial Hill Mitigation
Site
Drawn by: ATP
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0
200 400
-
Henderson
County, North Carolina

Big Willow Site

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Henderson County, North Carolina
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Proposed Easement
Date: 12120/2017
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Big Willow Mitigation Site
Henderson County, North Carolina
Legend
= Proposed Easement
Date: 1 /2/2018
Drawn by: MDE res

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0 200 400
Figure 7 - Constraints Map
Big Willow Mitigation Site
Henderson County, North Carolina
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Legen
Existing Streams
Approximate Hydric Soil Limits
Proposed Easement
FEIVIA Zone AE (None)
Project Parcels
Parcels
Date: 1/4/2018
Drawn by: MDE 10
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Reach
Approach
Length (ft) Ratio SMUs
Adji
D 1
Restoration
1,682 1:1
1,682
D2-A
Preservation
1,316
10:1
132
D2-13
Enhancement II
629
2.5:1
252
3 D2-C
Restoration
241
1:1
241
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Enhancement III
891
5:1
178
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4,759
2,484
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Figure 8 - Conceptual Map
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Big Willow Mitigation Site
9 0 150 300
Henderson County, North Carolina
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Enhancement II
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1,901 Preservation
132
252 Proposed Easement (10.61 ac)
255 Project Parcels
182 Parcels
2,721
Date: 12/21/2017
Drawn by: MDE res

Dead Oak Site

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Dead Oak Mitigation Site res
500 1,000
Buncombe County, North Carolina
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Figure 4 - Landowner Map
Dead Oak Mitigation Site
Buncombe County, North Carolina
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Proposed Easement
Project Parcels
Parcels
Date: 12/20/2017
Drawn by: MDE 10 res

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Dead Oak Mitigation Site
300 600
M!5iiiiia Buncombe County, North Carolina
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Existing Streams
Proposed Easement
FEMA Zone AE (None)
s Project Parcels
Parcels
Date: 12/21 /2017
Drawn by: MDE 0 res

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Reach
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Length
Ratio
SMU
Adjusted SMU
FC1
Restoration
1,635
1:1
1,635
1,896
FC2
Restoration
1,069
1:1
1,069
1,166
FC3
Enhancement II
269
2.5:1
108
108
FC4-A
Enhancement II
163
2.5:1
65
65
FC4-13
Restoration
571
1:1
571
571
FC5
Enhancement II
582
2.5:1
233
233
FC6
Preservation
1,141
10:1
114
114
FC7
Restoration
1,785
1:1
1,785
1,964
Total
7,215
5,580
6,116
4
wE Figure 8 - Conceptual Map
e Deak Oak Mitigation Site
9 0 300 600
Buncombe County, North Carolina
F.
Legend
Restoration
Enhancement II
Preservation
CProposed Easement (23.69 ac)
Project Parcels
Parcels
Date: 12/20/2017
Drawn by: ATP res

Puncheon Fork Site

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Figure 1 - Vicinity Map
Puncheon Fork Mitigation Site
Madison County, North Carolina
Date: 12/20/2017
Drawn by: ATP 0 res

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Drainage Areas
Figure 2 - USGS Map Date: 12/20/2017
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Drawn by: ATP
Puncheon Fork Mitigation Site res
0 1,000 2,000
Madison County, North Carolina
Feet F

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Legend
Proposed Easement
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0 200 400
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Figure 3 - Aerial Map
Puncheon Fork Mitigation Site
Madison County, North Carolina
Date: 12/18/2017
Drawn by: ATP pres

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Proposed Easement
® NWI Wetlands (None)
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Figure 5 - National Wetlands Inventory Map
Puncheon Fork Mitigation Site
Madison County, North Carolina
Date: 12/18/2017
Drawn by: ATP pres

Appendix A — Landowner Authorization Forms

Carolina Bison Site

Landowner Authorization Form
Site: Carolina Bison
Deed Book: 5436 Page: 811 County: Buncombe
Parcel ID Number: 9711-09-5816-00000
Street Address: 748 Rideeview Road Leicester NC 28748
Property Owner (please print): Dr. Frank J. King
Property Owner (please print):
The undersigned, registered property owner(s) of the above property, do hereby authorize Resource
Environmental Solutions, the NC Division of Water Resources, and the US Army Corps of Engineers,
their employees, agents or assigns to have all reasonable access to the above referenced property for the
evaluation of the property as a potential stream, wetland and/or riparian buffer mitigation project,
including conducting stream and/or wetland determinations and delineations, as well as issuance and
acceptance of any required permit(s) or certification(s). e
Property Owners(s) Address: �3 t q j j, , '� Y�
(if different from above) O}vde p;g 28.3�y C e (p G �`1 t� �p'� 7
We hereby certify the aboyeln'lb ' atiou to be true and accurate to the best of our knowledge.
(Property Uvhifr Authorized Signature) (Date)
(Property Owner Authorized Signature) (Date)

Landowner Authorization Form
Site: Carolina Bison
Deed Book: 5233 Page: 365 County: Buncombe
Parcel ID Number: 9701-98-8958-00000
Street Address: 71 Golden Drive
Leicester, NC 28748-6627
* The property will be accessed only through Frank King's property
Property Owner (please print): Ka�t/hy Rhhodarmer ^ _/
Property Owner (please print): ,�C l}'i�V 2 �1dd-rm-e�
The undersigned, registered property owner(s) of the above property, do hereby authorize
Resource Environmental Solutions, the NC Division of Water Resources, and the US Army Corps of
Engineers, their employees, agents or assigns to have all reasonable access to the above referenced
property for the evaluation of the property as a potential stream, wetland and/or riparian buffer mitigation
project, including conducting stream and/or wetland determinations and delineations, as well as issuance
and acceptance of any required permit(s) or certification(s).
Property Owners(s) Address: 9 i Cats IJQ-/ Lr-1 L)-R—
(if different from above)
We hereby certify the above information to be true and accurate to the best of our knowledge.
(Property Owner Authorized Signature) (Date)

Landowner Authorization Form
Site: Carolina Bison
Deed Book: 5104 Page: 1528 County: Buncombe
Parcel ID Number: 9701-99-1170-00000
Street Address: 96 Retta Lane Leicester NC 28748
Property Owner (please print): Mary H. Theus
The undersigned, registered property owner(s) of the above property, do hereby authorize
Resource Environmental Solutions, the NC Division of Water Resources, and the US Army Corps of
Engineers, their employees, agents or assigns to have all reasonable access to the above referenced
property for the evaluation of the property as a potential stream, wetland and/or riparian buffer mitigation
project, including conducting stream and/or wetland determinations and delineations, as well as issuance
and acceptance of any required permit(s) or certification(s).
Property Owners(s) Address: 20 Tremont Street.
(if different from above) Asheville NC 28806-4212
We hereby certify the above information to be true and accurate to the best of our knowledge.
(Property
Signature)
(Date)

Landowner Authorization Form
Site: Carolina Bison
Deed Book: 5233 Page: 365 County: Buncombe
Parcel ID Number: 9701-98-8958-00000
Street Address: 71 Golden Drive
Leicester, NC 28748-6627
* The property will be accessed only through Frank King's property
Property Owner (please print):
Property Owner (please print):
The undersigned, registered property owner(s) of the above property, do hereby authorize
Resource Environmental Solutions, the NC Division of Water Resources, and the US Army Corps of
Engineers, their employees, agents or assigns to have all reasonable access to the above referenced
property for the evaluation of the property as a potential stream, wetland and/or riparian buffer mitigation
project, including conducting stream and/or wetland determinations and delineations, as well as issuance
and acceptance of any required permit(s) or certification(s).
Property Owners(s) Address:
(if different from above)
We hereby certify the above information to be true and accurate to the best of our knowledge.
(Property Owner Authorized Signature) (Date)
(Property Owner Authorized Signature) (Date)

Commercial Hill Site

Landowner Authorization Form
Site: Commercial Hill Drive
Property Legal Description
Deed Book: 1254 Page: 107 County: Henderson
Parcel ID Number: 9660855943
Street Address: 65 Commercial Hill Drive, Henderson County, NC
Record Property Owner: G. Ray and Wife. Katelynn H. Fussell
Authorized Invitee: Environmental Banc & Exchange, LLC
The undersigned, being duly authorized by the record property owner of the above property, pursuant to the terms of
a Purchase and Sale Agreement dated 12/20/2017, a redacted copy of which will be provided upon request, do
hereby authorize:
Resource Environmental Solutions, the NC Division of Water Resources, and the US Army Corps of Engineers,
their employees, agents or assigns to have reasonable access to the above referenced property for the evaluation of
the property as a potential stream, wetland, and or riparian buffer restoration project, including conducting stream
and or wetland determinations and delineations, as well as issuance and acceptance of any required permit(s) or
certification(s).
Authorized Invitee Address: 302 Jefferson Street, Suite 110, Raleiah. NC 27605
I/We hereby certify the above information to be true and accurate to the best of my/our knowledge.
Z Z/ Z 7-,)/)
(Authorized I#(vruthorized Signature) Date
(Authorized Invitee Printed Name)
4815-4603.0411, v. 1
77-/2--I/-Z-,p/?
Date

Big Willow Site

Landowner Authorization Form
Site: Ardis
Property Legal Description
Deed Book/Page: 1331/490
County: Henderson
Parcel ID Numbers:9548363254
Street Address: 2508 Davis Mountain Road, Hendersonville, NC 28739
Property Owner: William David Ardis: Diana B. Ardis
The undersigned, registered property owner of the above property, do hereby authorize
Resource Environmental Solutions, the NC Division of Water Resources, and the US Army Corps of Engineers,
their employees, agents or assigns to have reasonable access to the above referenced property for the evaluation of
the property as a potential stream, wetland, and or riparian buffer restoration project, including conducting stream
and or wetland determinations and delineations, as well as issuance and acceptance of any required permit(s) or
certification(s).
Property Owner Address: PO Box 729, Horse Shoe, NC 28742
I/We hereby ceydfy the above information to be true and accurate to the best of my/our knowledge.
(Property Owner Authorized Signature)
yo !J t G L l ✓+ Y^ ,>,
(Property Owner Printed Name) N a l �
(Property Owner Authorized Signa`)
i Q N 0� '- f
(Property Owner Printed Name)
4846-3189-9210, v. 1
bI s
a
Date
i `z - '7- 17

Landowner Authorization Form
Site: Collis
Property Legal Description
Deed Book/Page: 1625/10
County: Henderson
Parcel ID Numbers: 9548271003
Street Address: Rocky Spur Lane
Property Owner: Jeffrey D. Collis
The undersigned, registered property owner of the above property, do hereby authorize
Resource Environmental Solutions, the NC Division of Water Resources, and the US Army Corps of Engineers,
their employees, agents or assigns to have reasonable access to the above referenced property for the evaluation of
the property as a potential stream, wetland, and or riparian buffer restoration project, including conducting stream
and or wetland determinations and delineations, as well as issuance and acceptance of any required permit(s) or
certification(s). ,
(44
Property Owner Address: Henderso vi le. NC 28739
Me hereby certify the above information to be true and accurate to the best of my/our knowledge.
/2- f-/ 7
Date
(Property Owner Printed Name)
4946-3189-9210, v. 1

Dead Oak Site

Landowner Authorization Form
Site: Dead Oak
Property Legal Description
Deed Book/Page: 089E/1476; 089E/0569 County: Buncombe
Parcel ID Number 9713-54-2596-00000; 9713-33-5430-00000
Street Address: 1060 Fletcher Martin Road, Alexander, NC (approximate location)
Property Owner: B. Fletcher Carter
The undersigned, registered property owner of the above property, does hereby authorize
Resource Environmental Solutions, LLC, the NC Division of Water Resources, and the US Army Corps of
Engineers, their employees, agents or assigns to have reasonable access to the above referenced property for the
evaluation of the property as a potential stream, wetland, and or riparian buffer restoration project, including
conducting stream and or wetland determinations and delineations, as well as issuance and acceptance of any
required permit(s) or certification(s).
Property Owner Address: 1060 Fletcher Martin Road, Alexander, NC
I/We hereby certify the above information to be true and accurate to the best of my/our knowledge.
(Property Owner Authorized Signature) Date
B. Fletcher Carter
(Property Owner Printed Name)

Puncheon Fork Site

Landowner Authorization Form
Site: Puncheon Fork
Property Legal Description
Deed Book: 186 Page: 115 County: Madison
Parcel ID Number: 9852319900
Street Address: Hoot & Holler Ln, Mars Hill, NC
Property Owner: John K. McKay and wife, Marsha H. McKav
The undersigned, registered property owner of the above property, do hereby authorize
Resource Environmental Solutions, the NC Division of Water Resources, and the US Army Corps of Engineers,
their employees, agents or assigns to have reasonable access to the above referenced property for the evaluation of
the property as a potential stream, wetland, and or riparian buffer restoration project, including conducting stream
and or wetland determinations and delineations, as well as issuance and acceptance of any required permit(s) or
certification(s).
Property Owner Address: 4 Bear Claw Trail, Candler, NC 28715
I/We hereby certify the above information to be true and accurate to the best of my/our knowledge.
K. McKay Date
yVVIN
Marsha H. McKay U Date

Landowner Authorization Form
Site: Puncheon Fork
Property Legal Description
Deed Book/Page: 140/266; 160/93; 337/447; 190/706; 266/336 County: Madison
Parcel ID Number: 9852433188:9852425291:9852520115:9852511453:9852505995
Street Address: Puncheon Fork Rd, Mars Hill, NC
Property Owner: James Bertran Bumette
The undersigned, registered property owner of the above property, do hereby authorize
Resource Environmental Solutions, the NC Division of Water Resources, and the US Army Corps of Engineers,
their employees, agents or assigns to have reasonable access to the above referenced property for the evaluation of
the property as a potential stream, wetland, and or riparian buffer restoration project, including conducting stream
and or wetland determinations and delineations, as well as issuance and acceptance of any required permit(s) or
certification(s).
Property Owner Address: 840 Bruce Rd. Mars Hill, NC 28754
I/We hereby certify the above information to be true and accurate to the best of my/our knowledge.
Owner Authorized Signature)
(Property Owner Printed Name)
Date

Appendix B — NC SAM Results

Carolina Bison Site

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Carolina Bison- Parker's Branch
Stream Category Mb3
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 12/7/2017
Assessor Name/Organization Brad Breslow (RES)
NO
NO
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access LOW
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer LOW
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(4) Channel Stability MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport MEDIUM
(4) Stream Geomorphology LOW
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat LOW
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate MEDIUM
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM
(3) In -stream Habitat LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall LOW

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Carolina Bison- UT-1
Stream Category Mb1
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 12/7/2017
Assessor Name/Organization Brad Breslow (RES)
NO
NO
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access LOW
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer LOW
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(4) Channel Stability MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport MEDIUM
(4) Stream Geomorphology LOW
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat LOW
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate MEDIUM
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM
(3) In -stream Habitat LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall LOW

Commercial Hill Site

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Commercial Hill- UT1-A
Stream Category Mb2
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation
Assessor Name/Organization
12/7/17
B Breslow/RES
NO
NO
NO
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow MEDIUM
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer LOW
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability HIGH
(4) Channel Stability MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport HIGH
(4) Stream Geomorphology HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat MEDIUM
(2) In -stream Habitat HIGH
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate HIGH
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM
(3) In -stream Habitat HIGH
(2) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall MEDIUM

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Commercial Hill- UT1-B
Stream Category Mb2
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 12/7/17
Assessor Name/Organization B. Breslow (RES)
NO
NO
NO
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer LOW
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(4) Channel Stability LOW
(4) Sediment Transport MEDIUM
(4) Stream Geomorphology LOW
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat MEDIUM
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate MEDIUM
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(3) In -stream Habitat MEDIUM
(2) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall LOW

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Commercial Hill- UT1-C
Stream Category Mb2
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 12/7/17
Assessor Name/Organization B. Breslow (RES)
NO
NO
NO
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer LOW
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(4) Channel Stability LOW
(4) Sediment Transport MEDIUM
(4) Stream Geomorphology LOW
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat MEDIUM
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate MEDIUM
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(3) In -stream Habitat MEDIUM
(2) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall LOW

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Commercial Hill- UT1-D
Stream Category Mb2
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 12/7/17
Assessor Name/Organization B. Breslow (RES)
NO
NO
NO
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology HIGH
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow HIGH
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation MEDIUM
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer MEDIUM
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability HIGH
(4) Channel Stability HIGH
(4) Sediment Transport HIGH
(4) Stream Geomorphology HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat HIGH
(2) In -stream Habitat HIGH
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate HIGH
(3) Stream Stability HIGH
(3) In -stream Habitat HIGH
(2) Stream -side Habitat MEDIUM
(3) Stream -side Habitat MEDIUM
(3) Thermoregulation MEDIUM
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall HIGH

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Commercial Hill- UT2-A
Stream Category Mb2
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 12/7/17
Assessor Name/Organization B. Breslow (RES)
NO
NO
NO
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow MEDIUM
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer LOW
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability HIGH
(4) Channel Stability MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport HIGH
(4) Stream Geomorphology HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation MEDIUM
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat MEDIUM
(2) In -stream Habitat HIGH
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate HIGH
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM
(3) In -stream Habitat HIGH
(2) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall MEDIUM

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Commercial Hill- UT2-B
Stream Category Mb2
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 12/7/17
Assessor Name/Organization B. Breslow (RES)
NO
NO
NO
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer LOW
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM
(4) Channel Stability MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport HIGH
(4) Stream Geomorphology LOW
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat MEDIUM
(2) In -stream Habitat HIGH
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate HIGH
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM
(3) In -stream Habitat HIGH
(2) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall MEDIUM

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Commercial Hill- UT3
Stream Category Mb2
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 12/7/17
Assessor Name/Organization B Breslow (RES)
NO
NO
NO
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow MEDIUM
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer LOW
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability HIGH
(4) Channel Stability MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport HIGH
(4) Stream Geomorphology HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat MEDIUM
(2) In -stream Habitat HIGH
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate HIGH
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM
(3) In -stream Habitat HIGH
(2) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall MEDIUM

Big Willow Site

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Big Willow Reach D1 Date of Evaluation
Stream Category Mb2 Assessor Name/Organization
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Bob White
NO
YES
YES
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow MEDIUM
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access HIGH
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer LOW
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability HIGH
(4) Channel Stability HIGH
(4) Sediment Transport HIGH
(4) Stream Geomorphology HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality HIGH
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation MEDIUM
(2)Indicators of Stressors NO
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat MEDIUM
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate HIGH
(3) Stream Stability HIGH
(3) In -stream Habitat LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Thermoregulation MEDIUM
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall MEDIUM

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Big Willow Reach D2A Date of Evaluation
Stream Category Mb2 Assessor Name/Organization
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Bob White
NO
YES
YES
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow MEDIUM
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access HIGH
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer LOW
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability HIGH
(4) Channel Stability HIGH
(4) Sediment Transport HIGH
(4) Stream Geomorphology HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality HIGH
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation MEDIUM
(2)Indicators of Stressors NO
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat MEDIUM
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate HIGH
(3) Stream Stability HIGH
(3) In -stream Habitat LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Thermoregulation MEDIUM
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall MEDIUM

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Big Willow Reach D213 Date of Evaluation
Stream Category Mb2 Assessor Name/Organization
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Bob White
NO
YES
YES
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow MEDIUM
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access HIGH
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer LOW
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability HIGH
(4) Channel Stability MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport HIGH
(4) Stream Geomorphology HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality HIGH
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2)Indicators of Stressors NO
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat MEDIUM
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate HIGH
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM
(3) In -stream Habitat LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall MEDIUM

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Big Willow Reach D2C Date of Evaluation
Stream Category Mb2 Assessor Name/Organization
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Bob White
NO
YES
YES
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access HIGH
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer LOW
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM
(4) Channel Stability MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport HIGH
(4) Stream Geomorphology MEDIUM
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality HIGH
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2)Indicators of Stressors NO
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat MEDIUM
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate HIGH
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM
(3) In -stream Habitat LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall LOW

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Big Willow Reach D3 Date of Evaluation
Stream Category Mb3 Assessor Name/Organization
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Bob White
NO
YES
YES
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow MEDIUM
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access HIGH
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer LOW
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability HIGH
(4) Channel Stability HIGH
(4) Sediment Transport HIGH
(4) Stream Geomorphology HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation MEDIUM
(2)Indicators of Stressors NO
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat MEDIUM
(2) In -stream Habitat HIGH
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate HIGH
(3) Stream Stability HIGH
(3) In -stream Habitat HIGH
(2) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Thermoregulation MEDIUM
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall MEDIUM

Dead Oak Site

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Dead Oak Mitigation Site - FC-1
Stream Category Mb3
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 11/21/2017
Assessor Name/Organization Jeremy Schmid
NO
NO
YES
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer LOW
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(4) Channel Stability LOW
(4) Sediment Transport LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology MEDIUM
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation MEDIUM
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat LOW
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate LOW
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(3) In -stream Habitat LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat MEDIUM
(3) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Thermoregulation HIGH
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall LOW

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Dead Oak Mitigation Site - FC-2
Stream Category Mb3
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 11/21/2017
Assessor Name/Organization Jeremy Schmid
NO
NO
YES
Intermittent
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation MEDIUM
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer MEDIUM
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(4) Channel Stability LOW
(4) Sediment Transport LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology MEDIUM
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation MEDIUM
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat LOW
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate LOW
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(3) In -stream Habitat LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat MEDIUM
(3) Stream -side Habitat MEDIUM
(3) Thermoregulation MEDIUM
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall LOW

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Dead Oak Mitigation Site - FC-3
Stream Category Mb3
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 11/21/2017
Assessor Name/Organization Jeremy Schmid
NO
NO
YES
Intermittent
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation MEDIUM
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer MEDIUM
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(4) Channel Stability LOW
(4) Sediment Transport LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology MEDIUM
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat LOW
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate LOW
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(3) In -stream Habitat LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat MEDIUM
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall LOW

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Dead Oak Mitigation Site - FC-4a
Stream Category Mb3
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 11/21/2017
Assessor Name/Organization Jeremy Schmid
NO
NO
YES
Intermittent
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow MEDIUM
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation MEDIUM
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer MEDIUM
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM
(4) Channel Stability MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat LOW
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate LOW
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM
(3) In -stream Habitat LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat MEDIUM
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall LOW

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Dead Oak Mitigation Site - FC-4b
Stream Category Mb3
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 11/21/2017
Assessor Name/Organization Jeremy Schmid
NO
NO
YES
Intermittent
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access LOW
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer MEDIUM
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(4) Channel Stability LOW
(4) Sediment Transport LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology MEDIUM
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat LOW
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate LOW
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(3) In -stream Habitat LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat MEDIUM
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall LOW

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Dead Oak Mitigation Site - FC-5
Stream Category Mb3
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 11/21/2017
Assessor Name/Organization Jeremy Schmid
NO
NO
YES
Intermittent
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation MEDIUM
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer MEDIUM
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(4) Channel Stability LOW
(4) Sediment Transport LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology MEDIUM
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat LOW
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate LOW
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(3) In -stream Habitat LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat MEDIUM
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall LOW

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Dead Oak Mitigation Site - FC-6
Stream Category Mb3
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 11/21/2017
Assessor Name/Organization Jeremy Schmid
NO
NO
YES
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology HIGH
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow HIGH
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation HIGH
(4) Floodplain Access HIGH
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer HIGH
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability HIGH
(4) Channel Stability HIGH
(4) Sediment Transport HIGH
(4) Stream Geomorphology HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality HIGH
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation HIGH
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration HIGH
(3) Thermoregulation HIGH
(2) Indicators of Stressors NO
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat HIGH
(2) In -stream Habitat HIGH
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate HIGH
(3) Stream Stability HIGH
(3) In -stream Habitat HIGH
(2) Stream -side Habitat HIGH
(3) Stream -side Habitat HIGH
(3) Thermoregulation HIGH
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall HIGH

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Dead Oak Mitigation Site - FC-7
Stream Category Mb3
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 11/21/2017
Assessor Name/Organization Jeremy Schmid
NO
NO
YES
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer LOW
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(4) Channel Stability LOW
(4) Sediment Transport MEDIUM
(4) Stream Geomorphology LOW
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat LOW
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate MEDIUM
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(3) In -stream Habitat LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall LOW

Puncheon Fork Site

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Puncheon Fork Mitigation Site - JB-1
Stream Category Mb3
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 11/21/2017
Assessor Name/Organization Jeremy Schmid
NO
NO
YES
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer LOW
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(4) Channel Stability MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology MEDIUM
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat LOW
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate LOW
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM
(3) In -stream Habitat LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall LOW

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Puncheon Fork Mitigation Site - JB-2
Stream Category Mb3
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 11/21/2017
Assessor Name/Organization Jeremy Schmid
NO
NO
YES
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer LOW
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(4) Channel Stability MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology MEDIUM
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat LOW
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate LOW
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM
(3) In -stream Habitat LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall LOW

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Puncheon Fork Mitigation Site - JB-3
Stream Category Mb3
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 11/21/2017
Assessor Name/Organization Jeremy Schmid
NO
NO
YES
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow MEDIUM
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation MEDIUM
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer MEDIUM
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM
(4) Channel Stability MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport MEDIUM
(4) Stream Geomorphology MEDIUM
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation MEDIUM
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat LOW
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate MEDIUM
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM
(3) In -stream Habitat LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat HIGH
(3) Stream -side Habitat HIGH
(3) Thermoregulation MEDIUM
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall LOW

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Puncheon Fork Mitigation Site - JB-4a
Stream Category Mb3
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 11/21/2017
Assessor Name/Organization Jeremy Schmid
NO
NO
YES
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer LOW
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(4) Channel Stability LOW
(4) Sediment Transport LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology MEDIUM
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat LOW
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate LOW
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(3) In -stream Habitat LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall LOW

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Puncheon Fork Mitigation Site - JB-4bc
Stream Category Mb3
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 11/21/2017
Assessor Name/Organization Jeremy Schmid
NO
NO
YES
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation MEDIUM
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer MEDIUM
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(4) Channel Stability LOW
(4) Sediment Transport LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology MEDIUM
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation MEDIUM
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation HIGH
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat LOW
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate LOW
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(3) In -stream Habitat LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat HIGH
(3) Stream -side Habitat HIGH
(3) Thermoregulation HIGH
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall LOW

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Puncheon Fork Mitigation Site - JB-5a
Stream Category Mb3
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 11/21/2017
Assessor Name/Organization Jeremy Schmid
NO
NO
YES
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation MEDIUM
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer MEDIUM
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(4) Channel Stability MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology MEDIUM
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation MEDIUM
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat LOW
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate LOW
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM
(3) In -stream Habitat LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat HIGH
(3) Stream -side Habitat HIGH
(3) Thermoregulation MEDIUM
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall LOW

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Puncheon Fork Mitigation Site - JB-5b
Stream Category Mb3
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 11/21/2017
Assessor Name/Organization Jeremy Schmid
NO
NO
YES
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology HIGH
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow HIGH
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation HIGH
(4) Floodplain Access HIGH
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer MEDIUM
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability HIGH
(4) Channel Stability HIGH
(4) Sediment Transport LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology HIGH
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality MEDIUM
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation MEDIUM
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation HIGH
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat LOW
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate LOW
(3) Stream Stability HIGH
(3) In -stream Habitat LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat HIGH
(3) Stream -side Habitat HIGH
(3) Thermoregulation HIGH
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall MEDIUM

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Puncheon Fork Mitigation Site - JB-5c
Stream Category Mb3
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 11/21/2017
Assessor Name/Organization Jeremy Schmid
NO
NO
YES
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access LOW
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer MEDIUM
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(4) Channel Stability LOW
(4) Sediment Transport LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology MEDIUM
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat LOW
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate LOW
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(3) In -stream Habitat LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Thermoregulation MEDIUM
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall LOW

NC SAM Stream Rating Sheet
Accompanies User Manual Version 2.1
Stream Site Name Puncheon Fork Mitigation Site - JB-6
Stream Category Mb3
Notes of Field Assessment Form (Y/N)
Presence of regulatory considerations (Y/N)
Additional stream information/supplementary measurements included (Y/N)
NC SAM feature type (perennial, intermittent, Tidal Marsh Stream)
Function Class Rating Summary
Date of Evaluation 11/21/2017
Assessor Name/Organization Jeremy Schmid
NO
NO
YES
Perennial
USACE/ NCDWR
All Streams Intermittent
(1) Hydrology LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Flood Flow LOW
(3) Streamside Area Attenuation LOW
(4) Floodplain Access MEDIUM
(4) Wooded Riparian Buffer LOW
(4) Microtopography NA
(3) Stream Stability LOW
(4) Channel Stability MEDIUM
(4) Sediment Transport LOW
(4) Stream Geomorphology MEDIUM
(2) Stream/Intertidal Zone Interaction NA
(2) Longitudinal Tidal Flow NA
(2) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(1) Water Quality LOW
(2) Baseflow HIGH
(2) Streamside Area Vegetation LOW
(3) Upland Pollutant Filtration LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Indicators of Stressors YES
(2) Aquatic Life Tolerance HIGH
(2) Intertidal Zone Filtration NA
(1) Habitat LOW
(2) In -stream Habitat LOW
(3) Baseflow HIGH
(3) Substrate LOW
(3) Stream Stability MEDIUM
(3) In -stream Habitat LOW
(2) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Stream -side Habitat LOW
(3) Thermoregulation LOW
(2) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(3) Flow Restriction NA
(3) Tidal Marsh Stream Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Channel Stability NA
(4) Tidal Marsh Stream Geomorphology NA
(3) Tidal Marsh In -stream Habitat NA
(2) Intertidal Zone Habitat NA
Overall LOW

Appendix C — Photos

Carolina Bison Site

Appendix C. Carolina Bison Photos
Looking downstream along Reach UT 1.
10/05/2017
Deeply incised channel on Parker Branch.
10/05/2017
Looking upstream along Parker Branch.
10/05/2017
Channel along UT I.
10/05/2017
Looking downstream along Parker Branch.
10/05/2017
Looking downstream along Reach UT2.
10/05/2017

Commercial Hill Site

Appendix C. Commercial Hill
Channel conditions along Reach UT 1
12/07/2017
Looking upstream along Reach UT 1.
12/07/2017
Looking upstream along Reach UT2
12/07/2017
Channel conditions along Reach UT 1.
12/07/2017
Unstable bank along Reach UT2.
12/07/2017
Looking downstream along Reach UT3.
12/07/2017

Big Willow Site

Appendix C. Big Willow Photos
'mop -
Looking downstream along Reach D1.
12/07/2017
Looking upstream along Reach D1.
12/07/2017
Looking upstream along Reach D2-B.
Looking upstream along Reach D2-B.
12/07/2017
12/07/201
Looking downstream Reach D 1 above
Looking downstream along Reach D3.
confluence. 12/07/2017
12/07/2017

Dead Oak Site

Puncheon Fork Site

Appendix C. Puncheon Fork
Channel conditions along Reach JB 1.
12/ 12/2017
Channel conditions along Reach JB2.
12/ 12/2017
4
se
"-
t: - -
yr3 may' s
Channel conditions along Reach JBI
Looking upstream along Reach JB-4.
12/ 12/2017
12/ 12/2017
h�
a�
-
r
Looking upstream along Reach JB-5.
Looking upstream along Reach JB-6.
12/ 12/2017
12/ 12/2017