20041635 Ver 1_COMPLETE FILE_20041008

Michael F. Easley, Governor
William G. Ross Jr., Secretary
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Mr. Jeff Jurek
North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program
1652 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC, 27699-1619
QR c?11 onNp
DEC 0 6 2004
DENR - WATER QUALITY
WETLANDSAND VOWwAIER BRANCH
APPROVAL of 401 Water Quality Certification with Additional Conditions
Dear Mr. Jurek:
Alan W. Klimek, P.E. Director
Division of Water Quality
November 23, 2004
DWQ# 04-1635
Alamance County
The North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program has our approval to conduct stream restoration
activities, in accordance with the attached conditions, along 4,400 linear feet of an unnamed tributary to the
South Fork of Cane Creek located at 8641 Stephens Trail, near Snow Camp, Alamance County, as described
in your application received by the Division of Water Quality on October 8, 2004. After reviewing your
application, we have determined that this activity is covered by General Water Quality Certification Number
3399, which can be viewed on our web site at http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands. This Certification allows
you to use Nationwide Permit Number 27 when it is issued by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. In
addition, you should secure any other applicable federal, state or local permits before you proceed with your
project, including (but not limited to) those required by Sediment and Erosion Control, Non-Discharge, and
Water Supply Watershed regulations. Also, this approval will expire when the accompanying 404 permit
expires unless otherwise specified in the General Certification.
This approval is valid only for the purpose and design that you have described in your application. If you
change your project, you must notify us in writing, and you maybe required to send us a new application for a
new certification. If the property is sold, the new owner must be given a copy of the Certification and
approval letter and is thereby responsible for complying with all conditions. If total wetland fills for this
project (now or in the future) exceed one acre, compensatory mitigation may be required as described in 15A
NCAC 2H .0506 (h). For this approval to be valid, you must follow the conditions listed in the attached
certification, as well as the additional conditions listed below:
1. Appropriate sediment and erosion control measures which equal or exceed those outlined in the most
recent version of the North Carolina Erosion and Sediment Control Planning and Design Manual or the
North Carolina Surface Mining Manual (available from the Division of Land Resources at NCDENR
regional offices or the central office), whichever is more appropriate, shall be designed, installed and
maintained properly to assure compliance with the appropriate turbidity water quality standard (50
NTUs in streams and rivers not designated as trout waters by DWQ; 25 NTUs in all saltwater classes
and all lakes and reservoirs; IONTUs in DWQ Classified trout waters). Such measures must equal or
exceed the requirements specified in the most recent version of the North Carolina Sediment and
Erosion Control Manual. These measures must be maintained on all construction sites, borrow sites,
NorthCarolina
?atura!!y
North Carolina Division of Water Quality
Wetlands Certification Unit 1650 Mail Service Center Raleigh, NC 27699-1650 Phone [phone] FAX [phone]
2321 Crabtree Blvd. Raleigh, NC 27604-2260 Internet http//:h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands
Customer Service Number: 1-877-623-6748
An Enual Oooortunity/Affirmative Action Emnlover - 50% Rervrled/10% Post Consumer Paner
Mr. Jeff Jurek, NCEEP
Page 2
November 23, 2004
and waste pile (spoil) sites, including contractor owned and leased borrow pits, which are associated
with the project.
2. Sediment and erosion control measures shall not be placed in wetlands or waters to the maximum extent
practicable. If placement of sediment and erosion control measures in wetlands or waters is
unavoidable, they shall be removed` and the natural grade restored within six months of the date that the
Division of Land Resources hasreleased the project.
3. No waste, spoil, solids, or fill of any kind shall occur in wetlands, waters, or riparian areas beyond the
footprint of the impacts depicted in the Pre-Construction Notification. All construction activities,
including the design, installation, operation, and maintenance of sediment and erosion control "Best
Management Practices" shall be performed so that no violations of state water quality standards,
statutes, or rules occur.
4. Upon finishing the project, the Applicant shall fill out and return the enclosed "Certificate of
Completion" to notify NCDWQ when all work included in the §401 Certification has been completed.
This certificate should be returned to the 401/Wetlands Unit of the NC Division of Water Quality at the
address listed on the form. Along with the Certificate of Completion, please send photographs showing
the entire restored stream reach.
If you do not accept any of the conditions of this certification, you may ask for an adjudicatory hearing. You
must act within 60 days of the date that you receive this letter. To ask for a hearing, send a written petition
which conforms to Chapter 150B of the North Carolina General Statutes to the Office of Administrative
Hearings, 6714 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, N.C. 27699-6714. This certification and its conditions are final
and binding unless you ask for a hearing.
This letter completes the review of the Division of Water Quality under Section 401 of the Clean Water Act.
If you have any questions, please telephone Daryl Lamb in the DWQ Winston-Salem Regional Office at 336-
771-4600 or Cyndi Karoly in the Central Office in Raleigh 919-733-9721.
S' y,
'14
c
Alan W. Klimek, P.E.
AWK/cdl
Attachments
cc: Andrea Wade, U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, Raleigh Regulatory Field Office
Winston-Salem DWQ Regional Office
Central Files
Wetlands/401 File Copy
MEMORANDUM
TO: John Dorney Regional Contact:
Non-Discharge Branch WQ Supervisor:
Date:
SUBJECT: WETLAND STAFF REPORT AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Facility Name NC EEP: South Fork Cane Creek Restoration County ALAMANCE
Project Number 04 1635 County2
Recvd From APP Region Winston-Salem
Received Date 10/8/04 Recvd By Region
Project Type stream restoration
Certificates Stream
Permit Wetland Wetland Wetland Stream Class Acres Feet
Type Type Impact Score Index Prim. supp. Basin Req. Req.
27 Stream O TO N 16-28-5 NSW 30,604. 4,400.00
Mitigation Wetland
MitigationType Type Acres Feet
Is Wetland Rating Sheet Attached? 0 Y 0 N Did you request more info? 0 Y 0 N
Have Project Changes/Conditions Been Discussed With Applicant? 0 Y 0 N
Is Mitigation required? 0 Y 0 N Recommendation: QQ Issue 0 Issue/Coed 0 Deny
Provided by Region: Latitude (ddmmss) 355117 Longitude (ddmmss) 792649
Comments:
Site visit made on 11 /19/2004. This project consists of stream and riparian buffer restoration of a
segment of an unnamed tributary to South Fork of Cane Creek. South Fork of Cane Creek is a
tributa to the Haw River. The restoration site lies just south of EEP's Cape Fear River Targeted
Watershed #40110. The site consists of agricultural land used for raising cattle. Cattle have
unrestricted access to the stream throughout the project site. This has resulted in degraded water
quali due to heavy sediment loading from damaged and eroded stream banks. The stream drains
approximately 770 acres above the site and an additional 80 acres on-site. At present the stream is
moderately incised. The restoration design will reduce bank height and lower the floodplain to the
stream banks. The plan calls for the exclusion of cattle from the stream channel and associated
riparian buffer. This will restore - 4,400 If of the existing stream channel and will result in a
final channel length of 4,050 If. The loss of channel length is due to the planned straightening of
several currently unstable reaches. At present, the stream is
cc: Regional Office
Central Office Page Number 1
Facility Name NC EEP: South Fork Cane Creek Restoration
Project Number 04 1635
County ALAMANCE
Regional Contact: Daryl Lamb
Date: 11/24/2004
Comments (continued from page 1):
moderately incised.
cc: Regional Office
Central Office Page Number 2
Triage Check List
Date: /41? a 1?
Project Name: ,G9ff? :??,??
DWQ#: 2
County:
To: ? ARO Kevin Barnett ? WaRO Tom Steffens and Kyle Barnes
? FRO Ken Averitte ? WiRO Noelle Lutheran
? MRO Alan Johnson IE?WSRO Daryl Lamb
? RRO Mike oran
From. r2 i Telephone : (919) ?:-33 x?U
C3S??
The file attached is being forwarded to your for your evaluation.
Please call if you need assistance.
? Stream length impacted
? Stream determination
? Wetland determination and distance to blue-line surface waters on USFW topo maps
? Minimization/avoidance issues
? Buffer Rules (Neuse, Tar-Pamlico, Catawba, Randleman)
? Pond fill
? Mitigation Ratios °
? Ditching
? Are the stream and or wetland mitigation sites available and viable?
? Check drawings for accuracy
? Is the application consistent with pre-application meetings?
? Cumulative impact concern
Comments: -"J S, Gce-p_ .-

MEMORANDUM:
TO:
FROM:
SUBJECT:
DATE:
Cyndi Karoly
Jeff Jurek
Permit Application- South Fork-Cane
10-5-04
#@@@g C. !"# 0 6 2004
1LAIVDSANDS FRB
R4??ICH

Attached for your review are 2 restoration plans (1 sent to Winston-Salem) for the South Fork of
Cane Creek Stream Restoration project in Alamance County. Please feel free to call me with any
questions regarding this plan (715-1157).
Thank you very much for your assistance.
attachment: Restoration Plan (2 originals)
'r
NCDENR
North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program, 1652 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1652 919-715-0476 / www.nceep.net
Office Use Only: 04163517orm Version C)ctober 2001
USACE Action ID No. DWQ No.
If any particular item is not applicable to this project, please enter "Not Applicable" or "N/A" rather than
leaving the space blank.
1.
II.
Processing
1. Check all of
the approval(s) requested for this project:
® Section 404 Permit 01; T 0 8 2004
? Section 10 Permit
® 401 Water Quality Certification WETLANDS ANDsTr ATEQUALITY
tt
? Riparian or Watershed Buffer Rules
2. Nationwide, Regional or General Permit Number(s) Requested: Nationwide 27
i
3. If this notification is solely a courtesy copy because written approval for the 401 Certification
is not required, check here: ? ?.
4. If payment into the North Carolina Wetlands Restoration Program (NCWRP) is proposed for
mitigation of impacts (see section VIII - Mitigation), check here: ?
Applicant Information
1. Owner/Applicant Information
Name: NC Ecosystem Enhancement Program
Mailing Address: 1652 Mail Service Center Raleigh, NC 27699-1619
Telephone Number: 919-71.5-1157 Fax Number: 919-715-2219
E-mail Address: [e-mail]
2. Agent Information (A signed and dated copy of the Agent Authorization letter must be
attached if the Agent has signatory authority for the owner/applicant.)
Name:
Company Affiliation:
Mailing Address:
Telephone Number:
E-mail Address:
Fax Number:
pa Qt-. 5 of I?
III. Project Information
Attach a vicinity map clearly showing the location of the property with respect to local
landmarks such as towns, rivers, and roads. Also provide a detailed site plan showing property
boundaries and development plans in relation to surrounding properties. Both the vicinity map
and site plan must include a scale and north arrow. The specific footprints of all buildings,
impervious surfaces, or other facilities must be included. If possible, the maps and plans should
include the appropriate USGS Topographic Quad Map and NRCS Soil Survey with the property
boundaries outlined. Plan drawings, or other maps may be included at the applicant's discretion,
so long as the property is clearly defined. For administrative and distribution purposes, the
USACE requires information to be submitted on sheets no larger than 11 by 17-inch format;
however, DWQ may accept paperwork of any size. DWQ prefers full-size construction
drawings rather than a sequential sheet version of the full-size plans. If full-size plans are
reduced to a small scale such that the final version is illegible, the applicant will be informed that
the project has been placed on hold until decipherable maps are provided.
1. Name of project: South Fork of Cane Creek Project
2. T.I.P. Project Number or State Project Number (NQDOT Only):
3. Property Identification Number (Tax PIN): _
4. Location
County: Alamance Nearest Town: Liberty
Subdivision name (include phase/lot number):
Directions to site (include road numbers, landmarks, etc.): 421 S , left Snow Camp Rd
5. Site coordinates, if available (UTM or Lat/Long):
(Note - If project is linear, such as a road or utility line, attach a sheet that separately lists the
coordinates for each crossing of a distinct waterbody.)
6. Describe the existing land use or condition of the site at the time of this application:
Agriculture-livestock
7. Property size (acres): 10
8. Nearest body of water (stream/river/sound/ocean/lake): Rocky Fork
9. River Basin: Cape Fear
(Note - this must be one of North Carolina's seventeen designated major river basins. The
River Basin map is available at http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/admin/mVs/.)
10. Describe the purpose of the proposed work: Stream Restoration.
Page 6 of 12
11. List the type of equipment to be used to construct the project: Track Hoes, loaders
12. Describe the land use in the vicinity of this project: Agriculture-cattle
IV. Prior Project History
If jurisdictional determinations and/or permits have been requested and/or obtained for this
project (including all prior phases of the same subdivision) in the past, please explain. Include
the USACE Action ID Number, DWQ Project Number, application date, and date permits and
certifications were issued or withdrawn. Provide photocopies of previously issued permits,
certifications or other useful information. Describi? previously approved wetland, stream and
buffer impacts, along with associated mitigation (wh6Fe applicable). If this is a NCDOT project,
list and describe permits issued for prior segments of the same T.I.P. project, along with
construction schedules.
V.. Future Project Plans
Are any future permit requests anticipated for this project? If so, describe the anticipated work,
and provide justification for the exclusion of this work from the current application:
VI. Proposed Impacts to Waters of the United States/Waters of the State
It is the applicant's (or agent's) responsibility to determine, delineate and map all impacts to
wetlands, open water, and stream channels associated with the project. The applicant must also
provide justification for these impacts in Section VII below. All proposed impacts, permanent
and temporary, must be listed herein, and must be clearly identifiable on an accompanying site
plan. All wetlands and waters, and all streams (intermittent and perennial) must be shown on a
delineation map, whether or not impacts are proposed to these systems. Wetland and stream
evaluation and delineation forms should be included as appropriate. Photographs may be
included at the applicant's discretion. If this proposed impact is strictly for wetland or stream
mitigation, list and describe the impact in Section VIII below. If additional space is needed for
listing or description, please attach a separate sheet.
1. Wetland Impacts
Paee 7 of 12
Wetland Impact
Site Number
indicate on ma
Type of Impact* Area of
Impact
acres Located within
100-year Floodplain**
es/no Distance to
Nearest Stream
linear feet
Type of Wetland***

I
* List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: mechanized clearing, grading, fill,
excavation, flooding, ditching/drainage, etc. For dams, separately list impacts due to both structure and flooding.
** 100-Year floodplains are identified through the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Maps
(FIRM), or FEMA-approved local floodplain maps. Maps are available through the FEMA Map Service Center at 1-800-358-9616, or
online at ho://www.fema.gov.
*** List a wetland type that best describes wetland to be impacted (e.g., freshwater/saltwater marsh, forested wetland, beaver pond,
Carolina Bay, bog, etc.)
List the total acreage (estimated) of existing wetlands on the property: 0.0 ac
Total area of wetland impact proposed:
2. Stream Impacts, including all intermittent and perennial streams (SEE PLANS)
Stream Impact
Site Number
indicate on ma
Type of Impact* Length of
Impact
linear feet
Stream Name** Average Width
of Stream
Before Im act Perennial or
Intermittent?
leasespecify)

* List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: culverts and associated rip-rap,
dams (separately list impacts due to both structure and flooding), relocation (include linear feet `before and after, and net loss/gain),
stabilization activities (cement wall, rip-rap, crib wall, gabions, etc.), excavation, ditching/straightening, etc. If stream relocation is
proposed, plans and profiles showing the linear footprint for both the original and relocated streams must be included.
** Stream names can be found on USGS topographic maps. If a stream has no name, list as UT (unnamed tributary) to the nearest
downstream named stream into which it flows. USGS maps are available through the USGS at 1-800-358-9616, or online at
www.usgs.gov. Several internet sites also allow direct download and printing of USGS maps (e.g., www.tMozone.com,
www.mgpguest.com, etc.).
Cumulative impacts (linear distance in feet) to all streams on site: 4400 FT.
Page 8 of 12
3. Open Water Impacts, including Lakes, Ponds, Estuaries, Sounds, Atlantic Ocean and any
other Water of the U.S.
Open Water Impact
Site Number
indicate on ma
Type of Impact* Area of
Impact
acres Name of Waterbody
(if applicable) Type of Waterbody
(lake, pond, estuary, sound,
bay, cean, etc.

* List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: fill, excavation, dredging,
flooding, drainage, bulkheads, etc.
4. Pond Creation
If construction of a pond is proposed, associated wetland and stream impacts should be
included above in the wetland and stream impact sections. Also, the proposed pond should
be described here and illustrated on any maps included with this application.
Pond to be created in (check all that apply): ?'\#ands ? stream ? wetlands
Describe the method of construction (e.g., dam,/embankment, excavation, installation of
draw-down valve or spillway, etc.):
Proposed use or purpose of pond (e.g., livestock watering, irrigation, aesthetic, trout pond,
local stormwater requirement, etc.):
Size of watershed draining to pond: Expected pond surface area:
VII. Impact Justification (Avoidance and Minimization)
Specifically describe measures taken to avoid the proposed impacts. It may be useful to provide
information related to site constraints such as topography, building ordinances, accessibility, and
financial viability of the project. The applicant may attach drawings of alternative, lower-impact
site layouts, and explain why these design options were not feasible. Also discuss how impacts
were minimized once the desired site plan was developed. If applicable, discuss construction
techniques to be followed during construction to reduce impacts.
SEE PLAN
VIII. Mitigation
DWQ - In accordance with 15A NCAC 2H .0500, mitigation may be required by the NC
Division of Water Quality for projects involving greater than or equal to one acre of impacts to
freshwater wetlands or greater than or equal to 150 linear feet of total impacts to perennial
streams.
Paee 9 of 12
USACE - In accordance with the Final Notice of Issuance and Modification of Nationwide
Permits, published in the Federal Register on March 9, 2000, mitigation will be required when
necessary to ensure that adverse effects to the aquatic environment are minimal. Factors
including size and type of proposed impact and function and relative value of the impacted
aquatic resource will be considered in determining acceptability of appropriate and practicable
mitigation as proposed. Examples of mitigation that may be appropriate and practicable include,
but are not limited to: reducing the size of the project; establishing and maintaining wetland
and/or upland vegetated buffers to protect open waters such as streams; and replacing losses of
aquatic resource functions and values by creating, restoring, enhancing, or preserving similar
functions and values, preferable in the same watershed.
If mitigation is required for this project, a copy of the mitigation plan must be attached in order
for USACE or DWQ to consider the application complete for processing. Any application
lacking a required mitigation plan or NCWRP concurrence shall be placed on hold as
incomplete. An applicant may also choose to review the current guidelines for stream restoration
in DWQ's Draft Technical Guide for Stream Work in North Carolina, available at
http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands/strmgide.html. i
1. Provide a brief description of the proposed mitigation plan. The description should provide
as much information as possible, including, but not limited to: site location (attach directions
and/or map, if offsite), affected stream and river basin, type and amount (acreage/linear feet)
of mitigation proposed (restoration, enhancement, creation, or preservation), a plan view,
preservation mechanism (e.g., deed restrictions, conservation easement, etc.), and a
description of the current site conditions and proposed method of construction. Please attach
a separate sheet if more space is needed.
SEE PLAN
2. Mitigation may also be made by payment into the North Carolina Wetlands Restoration
Program (NCWRP) with the NCWRP's written agreement. Check the box indicating that
you would like to pay into the NCWRP. Please note that payment into the NCWRP must be
reviewed and approved before it can be used to satisfy mitigation requirements. Applicants
will be notified early in the review process by the 401/Wetlands Unit if payment into the
NCWRP is available as an option. For additional information regarding the application
process for the NCWRP, check the NCWRP website at h=://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/wro/index.htm. If
use of the NCWRP is proposed, please check the appropriate box on page three and provide
the following information:
Amount of stream mitigation requested (linear feet):
Amount of buffer mitigation requested (square feet):
Amount of Riparian wetland mitigation requested (acres):
Amount of Non-riparian wetland mitigation requested (acres):
Amount of Coastal wetland mitigation requested (acres):
Page 10 of 12
IX. Environmental Documentation (DWQ Only)
Does the project involve an expenditure of public funds or the use of public (federal/state/local)
land?
Yes ® No ?
If yes, does the project require preparation of an environmental document pursuant to the
requirements of the National or North Carolina Environmental Policy Act (NEPA/SEPA)?
Note: If you are not sure whether a NEPA/SEPA document is required, call the SEPA
coordinator at [phone] to review current thresholds for environmental documentation.
Yes ? No
If yes, has the document review been finalized by the State Clearinghouse? If so, please attach a
copy of the NEPA or SEPA final approval letter.
Yes ? No ?
X. Proposed Impacts on Riparian and Watershed Buffers (DWQ Only)
It is the applicant's (or agent's) responsibility to dei ermine, delineate and map all impacts to
required state and local buffers associated with the 'project. The applicant must also provide
justification for these impacts in Section VII above. All proposed impacts must be listed herein,
and must be clearly identifiable on the accompanying site plan. All buffers must be shown on a
map, whether or not impacts are proposed to the buffers. Correspondence from the DWQ
Regional Office may be included as appropriate. Photographs may also be included at the
applicant's discretion.
Will the project impact protected riparian buffers identified within 15A NCAC 2B .0233
(Meuse), 15A NCAC 2B .0259 (Tar-Pamlico), 15A NCAC 2B .0250 (Randleman Rules and
Water Supply Buffer Requirements), or other (please identify V
Yes ? No ® If you answered "yes", provide the following information:
Identify the square feet and acreage of impact to each zone of the riparian buffers. If buffer
mitigation is required calculate the required amount of mitigation by applying the buffer
multipliers. ired
Zone* s uImpct are feet) Multiplier Mitig lion
1 3
2 1.5
Total
* Zone 1 extends out 30 feet perpendicular from near bank of channel; Zone 2 extends an
additional 20 feet from the edge of Zone 1.
Pace 1 1 of 12
If buffer mitigation is required, please discuss what type of mitigation is proposed (i.e., Donation
of Property, Conservation Easement, Riparian Buffer Restoration / Enhancement, Preservation or
Payment into the Riparian Buffer Restoration Fund). Please attach all appropriate information as
identified within 15A NCAC 2B .0242 or.0260.
XI. ` Stormwater (DWQ Only)
Describe impervious acreage (both existing and proposed) versus total acreage on the site.
Discuss stormwater controls proposed in order to protect surface waters and wetlands
downstream from the property.
XII. Sewage Disposal (DWQ Only)
Clearly detail the ultimate treatment methods and a sposition (non-discharge or discharge) of
wastewater generated from the proposed project, or ava?lable capacity of the subject facility.
XIII. Violations (DWQ Only)
Is this site in violation of DWQ Wetland Rules (15A NCAC 2H .0500) or any Buffer Rules?
Yes ? No
Is this an after-the-fact permit application?
Yes ? No
XIV. Other Circumstances (Optional):
It is the applicant's responsibility to submit the application sufficiently in advance of desired
construction dates to allow processing time for these permits. However, an applicant may
choose to list constraints associated with construction or sequencing that may impose limits on
work schedules (e.g., draw-down schedules for lakes, dates associated, with Endangered and
Threatened Species, accessibility problems, or other issues outside of the applicant's control).
V_??
Applican %/estvalid ature Date
(Agent's i only if an authorization letter from the applicant is provided.)
Page 12 of 12
0
•
i
D
0 C T 0 8 2004
DENR - WATER QUALITY
WIEMMDS AND STORMWATER BRANCH
Stream Restoration Plan
South Fork of Cane Creek
Alamance County, North Carolina
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Ecosystem Enhancement Program
September 21, 2004
44165
Prepared by:
Dewberry $ Davis, Inc.
Raleigh, North Carolina
Project # 73104900
•
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................... 1
i. Ta bles ........................................................................................................................... . 4
ii. Figures .......................................................................................................................... .5
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................. . 6
1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................. . 7
1.1 Project Description .................................................................................................. . 7
1.2 Goals and Objectives .............................................................................................. . 7
1.3 Project Approach ..................................................................................................... . 8
1.4 Methodology and Reference Material ..................................................................... 8
1.5 Presentation of Materials ......................................................................................... 8
2 LOCATION INFORMATION .................................................................................................. 9
2.1 River Basin Information .......................................................................................... 9
2.2 Unified Watershed Assessment Information ........................................................... 9
2.3 County Information .................................................................................................. 9
2.4 Surface Water Classification .................................................................................... 9
2.5 Surface Water Quality ............................................................................................ 10
2.6 USGS Information ................................................................................................. 10
2.7 Additional Project Site Information ....................................................................... 10
3 WAT ERSHED CHARACTERIZATION ................................................................................. 11
• 3.1
3.2 General Description ...............................................................................................
Zoning .................................................................................................................... 11
11
3.3 Land Use/ Land Cover ........................................................................................... 11
3.3.1 Current Land Use/Land Cover ....................................................................... 11
3.3.2 Future Land Use/Land Cover ......................................................................... 11
3.4 Endangered Species ............................................................................................... 12
3.5 Soils ........................................................................................................................ 12
4 PROJECT SITE CHARACTERIZATION .............................................................................. 14
4.1 Project Site ............................................................................................................. 14
4.2 Rosgen Survey and Classification ......................................................................... 14
4.2.1 Cross-sections ................................................................................................ 14
4.2.2 Dimension ....................................................................................................... 14
4.2.3 Pattern ............................................................................................................ 15
4.2.4 Profile ............................................................................................................. 15
4.2.5 Pebble Counts ................................................................................................ 15
4.3 Topographic Survey ........................................................................................... 16
4.4 Project Site Soils ................................................................................................ 18
4.5 Pavement and Sub-pavement Samples .............................................................. 18
4.6 Bank Erosion Hazard Index ............................................................................... 18
4.7 Plant Communities ............................................................................................. 18
4.8 Wildlife Observed .............................................................................................. 18
4.9 Potential Design Constraints .............................................................................. 19
• .4.9.1 Utilities and Easements .................................................................................. 19
4.9.2 Stream Crossings . . 19
5 REFERENCE SITE CHARACTERIZATION .......................................................................... 20
I Dewberry 1
• 5.1 Site Description ..................................................................................................
5.2 Rosgen Classification ......................................................................................... 20
20
5.2.1 Cross-sections ................................................................................................ 20
5.2.2 Dimension ...................................................................................................... 20
5.2.3 Pattern ............................................................................................................ 20
5.2.4 Profile ............................................................................................................. 20
5.2.5 Pebble Counts ................................................................................................ 21
5.3 Morphological Table .......................................................................................... 21
5.4 Plant Communities ............................................................................................. 21
5.5 Current Land Use/ Land Cover .......................................................................... 23
5.6 Soils .................................................................................................................... 23
6 NATURAL CHANNEL DESIGN AND RESTORATION PLAN ................................................ 26
6.1 Proposed Stream Classification ......................................................................... 26
6.2 Rosgen Priority Level ........................................................................................ 26
6.3 Bankfull Discharge ............................................................................................ 26
6.4 Sediment Transport Analysis ............................................................................. 26
6.5 Dimension .......................................................................................................... 28
6.6 Pattern ................................................................................................................ 28
6.7 Profile ................................................................................................................. 28
6.8 Morphological Table .......................................................................................... 28
6.9 Structures ........................................................................................................... 29
6.10 Riparian Buffer .................................................................................................. 31
• 6.11 Typical Cross-Sections ...................................................................................... 31
6.12 Plan Sheets ......................................................................................................... 32
6.13 Profile Sheets ..................................................................................................... 32
6.14 Detail Sheets ...................................................................................................... 32
7 CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCING ........................................................................................ 33
7.1 Prior to Construction .......................................................................................... 33
7.2 During Construction ........................................................................................... 33
7.3 Sediment and Erosion Control ........................................................................... 33
7.3.1 Tree Protection ............................................................................................... 34
7.3.2 Erosion Control Features ............................................................................... 34
7.3.3 Temporarily Impacted Areas ......................................................................... 34
7.4 Following Construction ..................................................................................... 34
8 POST CONSTRUCTION MONITORING .............................................................................. 36
8.1 Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Geomorphology ........................................... 36
8.2 Riparian Vegetation ........................................................................................... 36
8.3 Monitoring Report ............................................................................................. 36
REFERENCES .......................................................................................................................... 37
APPENDICES ........................................................................................................................... ... I
Appendix A: Local Information .......................................................................................... ..II
Appendix A-1: Vicinity Map - Project and Reference Sites ........................................... III
Appendix B: General Watershed Information .................................................................... IV
Appendix B-1: USGS 7.5 Minute Quadrangles .............................................................. . V
• Appendix B-2: Physiographic Region Map .................................................................... VI
Appendix B-3: Watershed Land Use / Land Cover Map ............................................... VII
f Dewberry 2
• Appendix B-4: Endangered Species Search Results .....................................................VIII
Appendix B-5: Project Watershed Soils Map .................................................................. X
Appendix B-6: Watershed Soils - Hydrologic Soil Group Map ..................................... XI
Appendix C: Description of Existing Conditions ....................................................... ....... XII
Appendix C-1: Project Site - Site Map ................................................................... ......XIII
Appendix C-2: Project Site Dimension Data .......................................................... ..... XIV
Appendix C-3: Project Site Pattern Data ................................................................ ..... XVI
Appendix C-4: Project Site Profile Data ................................................................. ..... XIX
Appendix C-5: Project Site Pebble Count Data ...................................................... .......XX
Appendix C-6: Project Site Pavement/Subpavement Data ..................................... ...XXIII
Appendix C-7: Project Site BEHI Data Sheets ....................................................... .. XXVI
Appendix D: Reference Reach Information ............................................................... ...... LIII
Appendix D-1: Reference Site Dimension Data ..................................................... ......LIV
Appendix D-2: Reference Site Pattern Data ........................................................... ......LVI
Appendix D-3: Reference Site Profile Data ............................................................ ... LVIII
Appendix D-4: Reference Site Pebble Count Data ................................................. ....... LX
Appendix D-5: Reference Site Land Use/Land Cover Map ................................... ... LXIII
Appendix D-6: Reference Watershed Soils Map .................................................... ...LXIV
Appendix D-7: Reference Watershed Soils - Hydrologic Soil Group Map ........... .... LXV
Appendix D-8: Reference Reach Photographs ....................................................... ... LXVI
Appendix E: Restoration Plant Materials ................................................................... ..LXVII
Appendix E-1: NC SRI Plant List ........................................................................... LXVIII
• Appendix E-2: Typical Restoration Cross-Sections ............................................... ... LXIX
Appendix E-3: Restoration Plan & Profile Sheets .................................................. ... LXXI
Appendix E-4: Restoration Details ......................................................................... . LXXX
•
1 Dewberry 3
• i. Tables
Table 3.1: Watershed Land Use/Land Cover ..................................................................... 11
Table 3.2: Watershed Soil Series ........................................................................................ 12
Table 3.3: Watershed Soil Types ........................................................................................ 12
Table 4.1: Morphological Table - Existing ........................................................................ 17
Table 4.2: Project Soil Series ............................................................................................. 18
Table 4.3: Project Soil Types ............................................................................................. 18
Table 5.1: Morphological Table - Reference ...................................................................... 22
Table 5.2: Watershed Land Use / Land Cover ................................................................... 23
Table 5.3: Comparison of Watershed Land Use / Land Cover ........................................... 23
Table 5.4: Watershed Soil Series ........................................................................................ 23
Table 5.5: Watershed Soil Types ........................................................................................ 24
Table 5.6: Comparison of Watershed Soil Series ............................................................... 25
Table 5.7: Comparison of Watershed Soil Types ............................................................... 25
Table 6.1: Critical Dimensionless Shear Stress Estimates ................................................. 27
Table 6.2: Shield's Curve Estimates ................................................................................... 28
Table 6.3: Morphological Table - Comprehensive ............................................................. 30
Table 6.4: Sample Species for Riparian Buffer Reestablishment ....................................... 31
•
II Dewberry 4
ii. Figures
Figure 1.1: Cape Fear River Subbasin 3 Targeted Local Watersheds
•
•
f Dewberry
r?
u
The North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program (EEP), in conjunction with the National
Resources Conservation Service (MRCS), identified an unnamed tributary near the South Fork of
Cane Creek (herein referred to as the SFCC) as a potential stream and riparian buffer restoration site.
Subsequently, the State Construction Office awarded project #020582601 to Dewberry and Davis,
Inc. (Dewberry) to complete a restoration of the SFCC. The SFCC is located south of the EEP's
Cape Fear River Targeted Local Watershed number 40110 and the restoration will support the EEP's
mission to restore wetlands, streams, and riparian (streamside) areas throughout the state.
The North Carolina Division of Water Quality (NCDWQ) has not assigned a classification for the
SFCC. The SFCC eventually flows into the Haw River which DWQ has assigned a C, NSW surface
water classification. Class C indicates waters defined to have a best use of aquatic life
propagation/protection and secondary recreation. The NSW classification indicates nutrient sensitive
water.
The portion of the SFCC to be restored runs through farmland and pastures that are currently used to
raise cattle. The major factor contributing to poor water quality within the SFCC is sediment loading
due to bank erosion caused by cattle having unfettered access to cross the stream throughout the
project site. Removing the cattle from the stream will also serve to minimize the amount of waste the
cattle contribute directly to the stream. In addition to reducing erosion, the restoration of the SFCC
will improve the stream's aquatic resource and function, as well as contribute to improved water
quality and protection of Cane Creek, the Haw River, and ultimately, the Cape Fear River.
• Currently, the SFCC is predominantly an F4, according to Dave Rosgen's Classification of Natural
Rivers system, and is actively eroding. The portion of the SFCC above the confluence with the
unnamed tributary is classified as a G4c. The stream has a drainage area of approximately 770 acres
when it enters the project site and roughly 850 acres at the point which it leaves the site. At present,
the stream is moderately incised. Erosion is resulting in private property loss and degraded water
quality. The exclusion of the cattle from the stream will compliment the efforts of the restoration to
reduce erosion and improve water quality. The restoration design will reduce bank height ratios and
lower the floodplain to the stream banks. The design proposes to restore approximately 4,400 feet of
the SFCC with a resultant channel length of approximately 4,050 restored feet.
The proposed restoration design is based on natural channel design methods that include the use of a
reference reach. The reference reach is located approximately 6 miles northeast of the project site and
has a Rosgen classification of E4. The reference reach is approximately 460 feet in length and has a
drainage area of 640 acres.
Approximately 2,650 feet of the design is a priority 2 level of restoration for a Rosgen E4b stream
that utilizes root wads and cross-vanes for stability and grade control. The remaining 1,400 linear feet
of stream will be restored as priority level 1 restoration. The overall stream sinuosity will be
decreased in the proposed design and riffle-pool sequences will be established.
The restoration includes creation or restoration of riparian buffer. A riparian buffer, with a fifty foot
minimum width from the top of banks, will be established using only native species and the riparian
buffer will be protected with a permanent conservation easement along the SFCC.
is
Dewberry 6
•
1.1 Project Description
The North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program (EEP) and the National Resource Conservation
Service (MRCS) have identified a portion of an unnamed tributary near the South Fork of Cane Creek
(SFCC) as a candidate for stream and riparian buffer restoration. The project site located at 8641
Stephens Trail, Liberty, NC, 27298 and is owned in its entirety by Simon Stephens Jr. Currently the
land surrounding the project site is used as pastureland for cattle. In cooperation with the EEP stream
and buffer restoration project, the NRCS has agreed to fence the cattle out of the stream.
1.2 Goals and Objectives
The SFCC is located south of the EEP's Cape Fear River Targeted Local Watershed number 40110
(NC DENR WRP Watershed Restoration Plan for the Cape Fear River Basin) and the restoration will
support the EEP's mission to restore wetlands, streams, and riparian (streamside) areas throughout the
state.
Figure 1.1 Cape Fear River Subbasin 3 Targeted Local Watersheds
•
0 1 2 3 4 5 Mmes Figure 4.6
Cape Fear River
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B' ington Targeted Local
Watersheds
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• In general, the restoration supports, wholly or in part, the following EEP goal:
? Protection and improvement of water quality by restoring stream and riparian area
functions and values lost through historic, current, and future impacts.
IN Dewberry 7
• The stream restoration will have the following benefits:
? Reduction of downstream sedimentation by stabilizing eroding stream banks within
the SFCC property;
? Replacement of a degraded stream reach with a stabilized stream which supports
natural stream processes;
? Reduction in private property loss within the SFCC property;
? Improved aquatic habitat, including pools for fish, woody debris for habitat, and
reduction is water temperature from shading of riparian trees; and
? Improved aesthetics of the restored stream reach.
In addition, the restoration of the riparian buffer will have the following benefits:
? Nitrogen reduction to SFCC, the Haw River, and the Cape Fear River by establishing
new riparian buffer to filter nutrients along the denuded reach within the SFCC; and
? Improvement of riparian corridor for wildlife between existing wooded areas.
1.3 Project Approach
The project was roughly divided into four general phases; data collection, surveying, data analyses,
and restoration design. Although this list is in shown in chronological order of work completed, there
was overlap in the phases and several tasks were completed concurrently. Data collection was
completed in the general series of collection of watershed data, data collection at the restoration site,
and finally data collection at the reference reaches.
1.4 Methodology and Reference Material
The United States Forest Service General Technical Report RM-245 (Harrelson et al., 1994) was used
as a guide for survey of the stream morphology. Reference and project streams were classified using
Dave Rosgen's Classification of Natural Rivers system (Rosgen, 1996). Publications from several
State and Federal Agencies including, but not limited to, the United States Geological Survey
(USGS), the Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS), North Carolina Stream Restoration
Institute (SRI), the North Carolina Division of Water Quality (DWQ), and the Ecosystem
Enhancement Program (EEP) were also consulted and are listed is the Reference Section at the end of
this report.
1.5 Presentation of Materials
The information presented herein, is generally organized in the order the work was completed, which
is consistent with project approach listed in Section 1.3. This report is organized in the following
order: a discussion of the project site's watershed, a description of the project site and the field work
completed on-site, a description of the reference reaches and the field work completed at each site, a
discussion of findings from the field work and the corresponding design decisions, and presentation
of the conceptual plan.
•
IV Dewberry g

2.1 River Basin Information
North Carolina contains all or portions of 17 river basins. The SFCC is located within the Haw River
sub-basin of the Cape Fear River Basin. The Cape Fear is the largest river basin in North Carolina
with greater than 9,300 square miles of drainage area and more than 6,000 stream miles. The Cape
Fear River is formed at by the convergence of the Haw River and the Deep River downstream of B.
Everett Jordan Lake along the border of Chatham County and Lee County.
The United States Geological Survey (USGS) further divides the river basins into major hydrologic
areas to which it assigns an 8-digit code (Appendix A-1). The Cape Fear is sub-divided into seven (7)
of these 8-digit units; namely the Haw River/Jordan Reservoir watershed, the Deep River, the Upper
Cape Fear, the Black River, the Northeast Cape Fear and the Lower Cape Fear, and coastal waters.
The SFCC project watershed is located in the 03030002, or Haw River/Jordan Reservoir unit.
2.2 Unified Watershed Assessment Information
The SFCC watershed lies in within the North Carolina Unified Watershed Assessment 8 Digit
Cataloging Category 03030002. This is a "Category 1 Basin" or a basin "Needing Restoration - High
Priority", indicating that the watershed falls in one of the most degraded units in the State.
The North Carolina Division of Water Quality Watershed Restoration Plan for the Cape Fear River
Basin (2000) indicates that the project subwatershed, 03-06-04, contains three (3) waters listed as
• impaired (portions of Robeson Creek, Marys Creek, and Pittsboro Lake). Each of these streams is
listed on the 303d list. The SFCC watershed does not contain any of these streams or lakes, however,
the report states that "Cane Creek South ... (is) in (an) agricultural watershed and is subject to
streambank erosion and habitat degradation. Implementation of agricultural BMPs would reduce
potential impacts to the smaller streams and reduce the potential for impacts to the mainstem."
There are several EEP Targeted Local Watersheds (defined by their NRCS 14-digit hydrologic unit)
within the SFCC's North Carolina Unified Watershed Assessment 8 Digit Cataloging Category. The
project site is located south of the EEP's Cape Fear River Targeted Local Watershed number 40110.
The EEP concentrates multiple restoration projects within a local watershed to maximize program
resources, to create greater benefits to water quality, and to encourage other groups and organizations
to consider implementing projects within the targeted and local watersheds.
2.3 County Information
Both the project watershed and the reference watershed are located within the south western portion
of Alamance County (Appendix A-1). The project watershed is located near several small
communities, Pleasant Hill to the northwest, Liberty to the west, Snow Camp to the northeast,
Crutchfield Crossings (Chatham County) to the southeast, and Staley (Chatham County) to the
southwest. The closest large communities are Burlington, less than 20 miles to the north and Siler
City, approximately 10 miles to the south.
2.4 Surface Water Classification
The SFCC is not classified by NCDWQ; however, it eventually flows into the Haw River which is a
• classified stream. The NCDWQ has assigned a C, NSW surface water classification for the Haw
If Dewberry 9
• River. Class C indicates waters defined to have a best use of aquatic life propagation/protection and
secondary recreation. The NSW classification indicates nutrient sensitive water.
2.5 Surface Water Quality
The SFCC flows into waters with a primary classification of "C" which indicates the water quality
supports fish consumption, aquatic life, and secondary recreation (i.e., wading, boating and minimal
human body contact with water).
Additionally, the South Fork of Cane Creek flows into waters with a NSW designation (see 2.2
Surface Water Classification). This designation indicates the stream is a nutrient sensitive water
(NSW). NSWs tend to experience water quality problems associated with excessive plant growth
resulting from nutrient enrichment.
2.6 USGS Information
The SFCC is located within the northwestern portion of the Crutchfield Crossings 1:24,000 series
USGS quadrangle. A map showing the Crutchfield Crossings Quadrangle and adjacent quadrangles
can be found in Appendix B-1.
2.7 Additional Project Site Information
Years of farming the SFCC property have reduced the riparian buffer of the SFCC. Additionally,
cattle have been allowed to cross the stream in numerous locations, causing bank degradation. As
part of this project, the NRCS has agreed to fence the cattle out of the project reach. The project will
• also include three stream level crossings on the SFCC as well as two stream level crossings along an
unnamed tributary to the SFCC. No other construction work is proposed along the unnamed
tributary; however, it will also receive fencing from the NRCS.
A dirt road with two homemade culverts, installed by the landowner, splits the project restoration
reach into upstream and downstream reaches. Currently, the culverts have a skewed alignment.
Downstream of the culverts the effects of this misalignment can be seen in undercut streambanks and
an overwidened channel. The restoration design will realign the stream and replace the existing
damaged culverts at the existing elevation, with culverts of the same size and material. Additionally,
this study does not include any detailed hydrologic or hydraulic analyses; however, a portion of the
stream is located in a FEMA A-Zone.
Approximately 4,040 feet of stream will be restored and the riparian buffer will be planted in a zone
fifty feet wide as measured from each streambank. Restoration of the site will require an
understanding of the stream's natural or undisturbed conditions, as well as, its existing state under the
current hydrologic conditions. This restoration plan provides a natural channel design of the
proposed, stable, restored stream including the modified stream geometry and proposed conservation
easement and buffer.
•
Jj Dewberry 10
•
3.1 General Description
The SFCC watershed is located in Alamance County, North Carolina. The project site is located in
the Carolina Slate Belt, which is entirely within the Piedmont Physiographic Region. The watershed
is roughly bounded by Pleasant Hill Church Road (State HWY 2371) to the north, Pike Road (State
HWY 1346) to the south, Staley Snow Camp Road to the west, and Snow Camp Road (State HWY
1004) to the east (Appendix B-2). The SFCC project site has a drainage area of approximately 851
acres or 1.3 square miles at the downstream end of the project site. Upstream of the confluence with
its unnamed tributary SFCC has a drainage area of approximately 528 acres or 0.82 square miles.
The SFCC watershed contains a few small residential areas, but the majority of the land use is
forested and agricultural areas. These land uses have very limited amounts of impervious surfaces;
and there are no known plans to develop the SFCC watershed.
3.2 Zoning
Alamance County has no zoning outside the jurisdiction of its municipalities and the Watershed
Critical Areas established by the State. The SFCC watershed is not located in an area that is currently
subject to zoning.
3.3 Land Use/ Land Cover
• 3.3.1 Current Land Use/Land Cover
This section describes the land use of the watershed upstream of the downstream project boundary.
Approximately 68% (Table 3.1) of the watershed is managed (Herbaceous Cover, Cultivated, &
Southern Yellow Pine), including at least 59 acres of farmland. The remaining area is upland
hardwoods or shrubland. Overall, the watershed is predominantly used for agriculture and forestry.
Currently development consists only a small number of residential dwellings scattered throughout the
watershed. The project property is 243 acres or 29% of the project watershed. A Land Use/Land
Cover Map is located in Appendix B-3. The existing percent impervious is estimated to be less than
5%.
Table 3.1: Watershed Land Use/Land Cover
Land Cover Acres %
Managed Herbaceous Cover 436 51
Mixed Upland Hardwoods 247 29
Southern Yellow Pine 82 10
Cultivated 59 7
Deciduous Shrubland 26 3
Totals 851 100
3.3.2 Future Land Use/Land Cover
The watershed does not appear to be experiencing noticeable growth. It is probable that the
watershed will remain undeveloped for the foreseeable future, as most of it is actively managed in
forestry or agricultural land uses. For design purposes, the future percent impervious has been
assumed to remain unchanged from the existing percent impervious.
f .1
Dewberry 11
• 3.4 Endangered Species
A search of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the North Carolina Natural
Heritage Program (NCNHP) databases, including the NCNHP point location database, indicates no
federally endangered or threatened species near the SFCC project site. Thirteen (13) species and
eleven (11) natural communities resulted from the search. Three (3) species had a "state status" of
"threatened" and one (1) species had a "state status" of "endangered". No natural communities were
listed with a "state status" of endangered or threatened. Summary information for Federal and State
Species of Concern are provided for Alamance County and the USGS (Crutchfield Crossroads)
Quadrangle (Appendix B-4).
3.5 Soils
The project watershed falls both in Alamance and Chatham County. Chatham County soils comprise
11% of the watershed and were unavailable at the time of this report. The soils and percentages
provided are all with respect to the soil data for Alamance County. The SFCC watershed contains
several soil series, including the Herndon, Orange, Appling, Colfax, Worsham, Goldston, Efland, and
Enon series (Appendix B-5). Table 3.2 lists the soil series and the percentage of the watershed area,
in which each series described above, is found. The SFCC watershed soils are predominately Silt
Loams and to a lesser degree Sandy Loams. The soil types and corresponding percentage of
watershed area are shown in Table 3.3. Descriptions of the most prevalent soils are listed below.
Table 3.2: Watershed Soil Series
n
U
Soil Series % of Watershed Soil Series % of Watershed
Herndon 45 Worsham 4
Orange 30 Goldston 2
A ling 15 Efland <1
Colfax 5 Enon <1
Table 3.3: Watershed Soil Types
Soil Type % of Watershed Soil Types % of Watershed
Silty Loam 79 Slaty Silt Loam 2
Sandy Loam 19 Silty Clay Loam <1
Herndon Series
This series consists of light brownish-gray, very acidic, well drained soils on uplands. These soils
occur in the southern and eastern parts of Alamance County in the volcanic slate region. They are
less sandy than Appling soils although very similar in color. The soil is usually overlying and
unconsolidated; permeability is slow and the shrink swell capacity is low to moderate. Most Herndon
soils are classified as silty loams.
Orange Series
This series ranges from light-gray to dark grayish-brown in color and is somewhat poorly drained.
Like the Herndon series they are also found in the southern and eastern parts of Alamance County and
are also the product of volcanic rock. Orange soils are usually classified as silt loams, although they
can have a fair amount of elasticity when they contain higher percentages of clay. The permeability
Dewberry 12
of this series is very slow and the shrink swell capacity ranges from low to high, again with a
correlation to the clay content.
Appling Series
Appling series soils are gently sloping to strongly sloping, deep, well drained soils. They have
formed under forest material that has weathered from granite, gneiss, schist, and other acidic rocks.
The available water capacity is medium; permeability and the shrink swell capacity are moderate.
Most Appling soils are classified as sandy loams. The majority of Appling soils are hydrologic group
B soils. Appling Series soils are characterized by moderate runoff and moderate erosion potential.
•
•
f Dewberry 13
C7
4.1 Project Site
The SFCC project site is located entirely within a private property with the address of 8623 Stephens
Trail (Appendix C-1). The project property is a series of pastures that also contains a private
residence. Much of the property is grass pastures. Large High Value Trees, without understory,
border the stream along a significant portion of the project site.
Cattle graze in the pastures and have been allowed to access to the stream, for drinking and crossing,
throughout its entire length. Due to downed trees and livestock crossing, major bank failure is
extensive throughout the entire project property.
The SFCC is a second order stream and there are three (3) first order tributaries and a number of
intermittent tributaries and swales that enter the SFCC.
4.2 Rosgen Survey and Classification
Rosgen survey was conducted on the SFCC. No Rosgen survey was completed on the Unnamed
Tributary to SFCC. Stream dimension, pattern, profile, and cross-sections were collected using the
techniques outlined by the references. The SFCC project reach has significant areas of bank erosion,
a low gradient, and lacks a classic riffle-pool sequence.
Two stream reaches were analyzed independently and given unique Rosgen classifications. The point
• of separation, for the Rosgen classifications, occurs at the confluence of the SFCC and the unnamed
tributary (UT). Above the confluence with the UT, the SFCC is classified as a Rosgen G4c stream
type. Below the confluence with the UT, the SFCC is classified as a Rosgen F4 stream type.
Additional bank failure caused by years of unfettered cattle access has left as much as fifty percent of
the streambanks, in very poor condition. Cattle continue to have access to the stream and these are
under constant change. The summary of Rosgen measurements and related data and ratios can be
found in Table 4.1: Morphological Table - Existing. Please note, the entrenchment ratios used for
stream classification were taken from reaches not being actively impacted by cattle
4.2.1 Cross-sections
Cross-sections were taken at representative heads of riffles, maximum pools, heads of pools, runs and
glides. The data collected at each cross-section included longitudinal and cross-sectional station,
bankfull station and elevation, thalweg location and elevation, edge of water location and elevation,
breaks in slope, floodprone area, and top of bank. Topographic survey was completed along the
SFCC project site within a minimum of 100 feet from top of banks.
4.2.2 Dimension
Above the confluence with the UT the existing channel has inconsistent dimension. A significant
portion of the banks have been trampled by cattle traversing the stream. These sections have slightly
incised but are over-widened. The banks that have not been lowered by cattle are narrower, steeper,
and incised. The bankfull cross-sectional area ranges from 11 to 18 square feet with a mean value of
approximately 15 square feet. The bankfull widths range from 10.3 to 12.3 feet with an average value
of 11.4 feet. Entrenchment ratios in the upper reach vary from 1.1 to 1.6 with a mean value of 1.3.
• Summary dimension measurements can be found in Appendix C-2.
Dewberry 14
Below the confluence the unnamed tributary the existing channel also has variable dimension. Again,
the banks are in a variety of shapes and slopes due to the cattle accessing the stream. The bankfull
cross-sectional area ranges from approximately 29 to 36 square feet with a mean value of 31.8 square
feet. The bankfull widths range from a little less than 19 feet to more than 30 feet with an average
value of 23.4 feet. Entrenchment ratios in the lower reach vary from 1.4 to nearly 2.1. A large
portion of the stream does not have reliable floodprone widths and entrenchment ratios as the stream
banks are being continually degraded by the cattle. Summary dimension measurements can be found
in Appendix C-2.
4.2.3 Pattern
The upper portion has a sinuosity of 1. 12, while the reach downstream of the UT has a sinuosity of
1.31. Overall the SFCC has a sinuosity of 1.28.
Above the confluence with the unnamed tributary the existing meander wavelengths range from 30
feet to 247 feet. The average wavelength is 78.4 feet. The values, for radius of curvature, found in
the upstream section vary from 3.7 to 69.4 feet with an average radius of 21 feet. The existing range
of belt-width values is 2 to 36 feet with a mean width of 13.2 feet. Complete pattern measurements
can be found in Appendix C-3.
Below the confluence with the unnamed tributary the existing meander wavelengths have an even
larger range, from 15 feet to 264 feet. The average wavelength is 82.6 feet. The values, for radius of
curvature, found in the downstream section vary from 4.2 to 74.0 feet with an average radius of 22.4
feet. The existing range of belt-width values is 2 to 94 feet with a mean width of 15.9 feet. Complete
• pattern measurements can be found in Appendix C-3.
4.2.4 Profile
The SFCC drops approximately 16.0 feet in elevation while traveling 4,044 feet through the SFCC
project site. This results in a slope of 0.0036ft/ft or 0.36%.
Above the confluence with the UT the existing stream falls 9.0 feet in 2,125 feet, for a slope of
0.0042ft/ft or 0.42%. The upper reach lacks pools and riffle, runs, and glides are almost equally
present at 31%, 23%, and 39% respectively. Complete profile measurements can be found in
Appendix C-4.
Below the confluence with the UT the slope is less than the upstream reach. The downstream portion
of the SFCC falls 7.0 feet in 2,318.8 feet, resulting in a slope of 0.0030ft/ft or 0.30 %. Just like the
upstream portion, the stream is dominated by a lack of pools. Riffle, runs, and glides are once more
almost equally present at 24%, 29%, and 40% respectively. Complete profile measurements can be
found in Appendix C-4.
4.2.5 Pebble Counts
Pebble counts were taken at seven locations along the SFCC. Three (two riffles and one pool) were
taken above the confluence with the UT and four (two riffles and two pools) were taken below the
confluence. One hundred samples were taken at each location. The D50 for both the upstream and
downstream reaches was 4 mm. The D50 value of 4 mm on each stream reach indicates a
classification of gravel bed stream. Complete pebble count data sheets can be found in Appendix C-
5.
Dewberry 15
. 4.3 Topographic Survey
Topographic survey was completed using conventional survey techniques within the stream and along
the overbanks during the second and third weeks of December 2003. Approximately 8,000 standard
topographic shots were taken during the survey including the top and bottom of banks, thalweg,
breaks in slope, and points defining points along curves. Additionally, location of culverts and rock
outcroppings, large trees, and downed trees were included.
Horizontal and vertical control was taken from Global Positioning System (GPS) static observations
made at three locations on the project site. The data was then analyzed using the Online Positioning
User Service (OPUS) provided by the National Geodetic Survey (NGS). The NGS operates the
OPUS as a means to provide GPS users easier access to the National Spatial Reference System
(NSRS). OPUS used three (3) NGS base stations (monuments) with point identification numbers
(PIDs) of A14198, AM7024, and AM7013 in its analyses.
is

V Dewberry 16
•
•
•
Table 4.1: Morphological Table - Existing
Parameter Units Existing

m Reach Name SFCC Above
Tributary SFCC Below
Tributary
Cc: Stream Type G4c F4
Drainage Area mil 0.82 1.33
Bankfull Discharge, QBKF cfs 45 72
Bankfull Velocity, VBKF ft/s 3.1 2.3
Bankfull X-Sec. Area, ABKF ft2 14.8 31.8
Bankfull Width, WBKF ft 11.4 23.4
Bankfull Mean Depth, DBKF ft 1.3 1.4
c
4
F
Width/Depth, WBKF/ DBKF
8.7
17.2
A
o
Bankfull Max Depth, DMAx
ft
1.6
2.5
_E
o
DmAx/ DBKF
1.3
1.7
W. Flood Prone Area, WFPA ft 14.9 48.2
Entrenchment, WFPA / WBKF 1.3 2.1
Bank Height Ratio, BHR 2.7 1.9
Parameter Units Min Max Min Max
*Meander Length, LM ft 30 247 15 264
*M.L.Ratio, LM/ WBKF 2.6 21.7 1.3 23.2
Radius of Curvature , Re ft 3.7 69.4 4.2 7.4
a
RC Ratio, Rc/ WBKF
0.3
6.1
0.4
0.7
*Belt Width, WBLT ft 2 36 2 94
*BW Ratio, WBLT/ WBKF 0.2 3.2 0.2 8.3
Riffle Length, LR ft 1.1 37.2 2.8 34.0
Riffle Length Ratio, LR/WBKF 0.1 3.3 0.1 1.4
Riffle Spacing, LRs ft 13.7 120.0 3.5 169.2
R. S. Ratio, LRs / WBKF 1.2 10.6 0.1 7.2
Pool Length, LP ft 5.0 26.2 3.4 21.0
Pool Length Ratio, PR/WBKF 0.4 2.3 0.1 0.9
d L.Pool Spacing, LPs ft 19 509 35 895
o P. S Ratio, L s/WBKF 1.7 44.8 1.5 38.2
a
Pool Width, W
ft
10
20
10
30
P.W. Ratio, W /WBKF 0.9 1.8 0.4 1.3
**Pool Depth, D ft 2.1 2.6 1.8 2.6
** P.D. Ratio, Dp / DBKF 1.61 2.00 1.32 1.91
Valley Slope, Svai 0.43% 0.57%
Channel Slope, Sch 0.37% 0.32%
Sinuosity, K 1.17 1.79
? D16 - Channel mm Silt/Clay Silt/Clay
7 1050 - Channel mm 4.0 4.0
cn D84 - Channel mm 22.6 32.0
Dewberry
17
• 4.4 Project Site Soils
The immediate floodplain of the SFCC is a Colfax Soil that is a very brittle, gently sloping soil.
Surrounding the Colfax Soil, in the uplands position, soils are predominantly Herndon Soils, with a
few pockets of Appling and Orange Soils (Appendix B-6). The Herndon soils are silty loams that are
well drained and commonly support hardwoods such as Hickory, Sweet Gum, and Dogwood. The
pockets of Appling and Orange soils found adjacent to the Herndon soils are found in the steeper (2%
to 6% slope) portions of the uplands and although both are silty loams, both are somewhat susceptible
to erosion due to their location on slopes and hillsides. The soil types and corresponding percentage
of watershed area are shown in Table 4.2 and 4.3.
Table 4.2: Project Soil Series
Soil Series % of Project Site Soil Series % of Project Site
Herndon 76.9 Orange 8.6
Colfax 8.3 A lin 5.8
* The remaining 0.3% of the soils are classified as Goldston.
Table 4.3: Project Soil Types
Soil Type % of Project Site Soil Types % of Project Site
Silt Loam 85.6 Sand Loam 14.1
* The remaining 0.3% of the soils are classified as Slaty Silt Loam.
4.5 Pavement and Sub-pavement Samples
One pavement and sub-pavement sample was collected within the project site. The D50 of the
• pavement was 2 mm. The D50 of the subpavement was 0.5 mm. Complete data sheets can be found
in Appendix C-6.
4.6 Bank Erosion Hazard Index
Bank Erosion Hazard Index (BEHI) forms were completed at 26 locations throughout the length of
the stream. These forms can be found in Appendix C-7. Approximately one third of the sample sites
received a low BEHI rating and two thirds had a high BEHI rating.
4.7 Plant Communities
The majority of the project site is currently used as farmland; consequently, only a small sparsely
populated riparian area is located along the stream. There are many large overstory trees, which have
been downed, either by attrition or wind, that lie within or along the stream banks. The overstory
consists mainly of Oaks, Maples, Gums, Cypress, with a handful of Sycamore, Beech, Walnut, Holly,
Birch, and Poplar. The understory is limited to a few samplings of the same species. The cattle's
grazing has all but eliminated any bushes and vines.
4.8 Wildlife Observed
A number of species of birds were seen on-site including, American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos),
numerous small birds, and what appeared to be a Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis). Additionally,
whitetail deer (Odocoileus virginianus), grey squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis), a raccoon (Procyon
lotor) and many small fish were sighted.
C
10 Dewberry 18
• 4.9 Potential Design Constraints
Hydrologic and hydraulic analyses were not included in the scope of work. Therefore hydrologic and
hydraulic data was limited to regional curve data and analysis was limited to best engineering
judgment. The scope of work also specified that the design is to use the existing culvert crossings.
4.9.1 Utilities and Easements
The SFCC lies among pastures and farmland and there are no known utilities or easements within the
limits of the project site.
4.9.2 Stream Crossings
The existing culverts are not to be modified as part of this project. Five (5) in-stream cattle crossings,
agreed upon by the landowner and the EEP, are to be incorporated into the restoration along the
SFCC (2) and the UT (3). The NRCS has agreed to fence the cattle out of the stream. The stream
level crossings will be designed based on existing NRCS standards.
•
E
qeg'ft Dewberry 19
•
5.1 Site Description
The reference reach analyzed is an unnamed tributary to the South Fork of Cane Creek (Appendix A-
1). Factors that were evaluated in order to select the unnamed tributary (REF) as a reference stream,
include but are not limited to: watershed size and shape, watershed soils, stream classification, stream
stability, watershed land use / land cover, valley slope, stream slope, steam order, and the fact that the
REF had a tributary of similar size to the tributary found on the project site.
5.2 Rosgen Classification
The REF has an entrenchment ratio of 3.2 and a width to depth ratio of 11.6 to 1. The sinuosity is 1.1
and the slope is 2.2%. The D50 of the stream is a 4 mm particle. These characteristics indicate that
the stream is a Rosgen E4b stream. Reference measurements can be found in the Morphological
Table (Table 5.1) and in the Appendices identified in sections 5.2.1 through 5.2.5.
5.2.1 Cross-sections
Cross-sections were taken at representative riffles, maximum pools, and head of pools. The data
collected at each cross-section included longitudinal and cross-sectional station, bankfull station and
elevation, thalweg location and elevation, edge of water location and elevation, breaks in slope,
floodprone area, and top of bank. Topographic survey was completed within the REF and along its
banks.
• The surveyed reach of REF is comprised of several riffle-pool sequences. It contains ten riffles, five
pools, six glides, and five runs over the course of approximately 459 feet. Many of the features are in
good condition and cross-sections were surveyed at eight representative riffles and five representative
pools.
5.2.2 Dimension
The bankfull area at the representative riffles ranged from 9.3 to 13.2 feet, with an average area of
11.6 square feet. The average bankfull width was 11.6 feet with a maximum of 13.1 and a minimum
value of 10.1 feet. These values produce an average bankfull mean depth of 1.0 feet with a range of
0.9 to 1.1 feet. Cross-section data for Reference Reach 1 can be found in Appendix D-1.
5.2.3 Pattern
The REF has a valley length of 425 feet and a stream length of 459 feet, which indicates a sinuosity
of 1.08. Two belt width measurements were taken and measured approximately 41 and 19 feet. The
meander wavelength was taken at two locations, and resulted in measurements of roughly 46 and 43
feet. The radius of curvature measurements ranged from a radius of 9.4 feet to a radius that measured
81.2 feet. Pattern data for Reference Reach 1 can be found in Appendix D-2.
5.2.4 Profile
The surveyed reach has an elevation drop of 10.0 feet along a channel length of 460 feet, which
results in a slope of .0216 ft/ft or 2.16%. The average riffle to pool spacing is 46 feet or roughly 3.5
bankfull widths. The average pool to pool spacing is 125 feet or roughly 10 bankfull widths. The
• average riffle to riffle spacing is 54 feet or approximately 4 bankfull widths. Profile data for
Reference Reach 1 can be found in Appendix D-3.
V Dewberry 20
i 5.2.5 Pebble Counts
Pebble counts were taken at two (2) riffles and two (2) pools. The pebble counts indicate a gravel bed
stream with a D50 of 4 mm. Complete pebble count data sheets can be found in Appendix D-4.
5.3 Morphological Table
Using the data collected in sections 5.2.1 through 5.2.5, Rosgen parameters and ratios were generated
for the REF. Table 5.1 summarizes the key morphological values for the REF.
5.4 Plant Communities
The floodplain along the REF showed evidence of disturbance within the past several years, most
probably from wind damage to the overstory. Within the bottomland hardwood forest, the overstory
canopy was moderately open and scores of standing dead and fallen trees were noted within the
floodplain. The property was logged approximately twenty-five (25) years ago according to the
owner.
The dominant woody overstory species include Dogwood (Corpus sp.), Tulip Poplar (Liriodendron
tulipifera), Silver Maple (Acer saccharinum), and White Oak (Quercus alba). To a lesser extent
Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), Sweet Gum (Liquidambar styraciflua), and American Elm trees
(Ulmus americana) were also found.
The most commonly noted understory tree species include Red Maple (Acer rubrum), Silver Maple
• (Acer saccharinum), and River Birch (Betula nigra). Adjacent to the floodplain Loblolly Pine (Pinus
taeda) trees have been planted for future harvesting and several less mature pines are present.
In areas near the stream bank, several Ferns, including Christmas Fern (Polystichum acrostichoides)
are common. Patches of Blackberry (Rubus villosus) was also common, but had not `overgrown' the
area. Pine seedlings were dispersed among the groundcover as well.
•
Dewberry 21
•
r ?
LJ
•
Table 5.1: Morphological Table - Reference
Parameter Units Ref. Reach 1

m
Reach Name Unnamed
Tributary to
Cane Creek
Stream Type E4b
Drainage Area mil 0.99
Bankfull Discharge, QBKF cfs 50
Bankfull Velocity, VBKF ft/s 4.3
Bankfull X-Sec. Area, ABKF ft2 11.6
Bankfull Width, WBKF ft 11.6
Bankfull Mean Depth, DBKF ft 1.0
2 Width/Depth, WBKF/ DBKF 11.6
N
m
Bankfull Max Depth, DmAx
ft
1.4
E
DMAx/ DBKF
1.4
W. Flood Prone Area, WFPA ft 41.3
Entrenchment, WFPA / WBKF 3.6
Bank Height Ratio, BHR 1.0
Parameter Units Min Max
*Meander Length, LM ft 43.3 46.2
a
` *M.L.Ratio, LM/ WBKF 3.7 4.0
m Radius of Curvature , Re ft 9.4 81.2
a
RC Ratio, Rc /WBKF
0.8
7.0
*Belt Width, WELT ft 19.1 41.2
*BW Ratio, WELT/ WBKF 1.6 3.6
Riffle Length, LR ft 4.0 38.9
Riffle Length Ratio, LR/ WBKF 0.3 3.4
Riffle Spacing, LRs ft 10.3 132.4
R. S. Ratio, LRs / WBKF 0.9 11.4
Pool Length, LP ft 14.8 42.8
Pool Length Ratio, PR/WBKF 1.3 3.7
L.Pool Spacing, LPs ft 17 159
o P. S Ratio, Los/ WBKF 1.4 13.7
a
Pool Width, W
ft
10.6
15.5
P.W. Ratio, W / WBKF 0.9 1.3
**Pool Depth, D ft 0.8 1.3
** P.D. Ratio, Dp / DBKF 0.80 1.30
Valley Slope, Spa, 2.3%
Channel Slope, Sch 2.2%
Sinuosity, K 1.08

? D16 - Channel mm Silt/Cla
Y
D50 - Channel mm 4.0
cn D84 - Channel mm 128.0
Dewberry
22
• 5.5 Current Land Use/ Land Cover
This section describes the land use of the portion of the watershed draining to a point on the
downstream property boundary of the reference site (Appendix D-5). Approximately 98% (Table
5.6) of the watershed is forested. The other 2% of the area is managed herbaceous cover. Currently
development consists only a small number of residential dwellings scattered throughout the
watershed. The reference property comprises 129 acres or 20% of the reference watershed. The
existing percent impervious is estimated to be less than 5%.
Table 5.2: Watershed Land Use / Land Cover
Land Cover % Acres
Mixed Upland Hardwoods 87 551
Southern Yellow Pine 10 63
Managed Herbaceous Cover 2 12
Mixed Hardwoods / Conifers 1 7
Waterbodies 1 3
Evergreen Shrubland <1 1
Totals 100 637
Both the project and the reference watersheds are used almost entirely for agricultural purposes. The
project watershed is more than 80 percent comprised of mixed upland hardwoods and managed
herbaceous cover. Of the remaining 20 percent, almost 10 percent is covered by southern yellow pine
and 7 percent is cultivated land. By comparison, reference watershed is almost 90 percent mixed
• upland hardwoods with the remaining 10 percent used for southern yellow pine and managed
herbaceous cover.
Table 5.3: Comparison of Watershed Land Use / Land Cover
Project Watershed Reference Watershed
Land Cover % Acres Land Cover % Acres
Mixed Upland Hardwoods 29 247 Mixed Upland Hardwoods 87 551
Southern Yellow Pine 10 82 Southern Yellow Pine 10 63
Managed Herbaceous Cover 51 436 Managed Herbaceous Cover 2 12
Cultivated 7 59 Mixed Hardwoods / Conifers 1 7
Deciduous Shrubland 3 26 Evergreen Shrubland <1 1
Waterbodies <1 3
Totals 100 851 Totals 100 637
5.6 Soils
The reference watershed contains several soil series, namely the Herndon, Appling, Elfland,
Georgeville, Goldston, and Orange series (Appendix D-6). Descriptions of the soils series found in
the largest percentages are provided below. Table 5.4 lists the soil series and the percentage of the
watershed area, in which each series is found. The reference watershed soils are predominately Silt
Loams and to a lesser degree Sandy Loams. The soil types and corresponding percentage of
watershed area are shown in Table 5.5.
U
Table 5.4: Watershed Soil Series
11 Dewberry 23
.7
Soil Series % of Watershed Soil Series % of Watershed
Herndon 41 Orange 11
Georgeville 21 Efland 5
A lin 15 Goldston 2
* The remaining 6.1 % of the soils are solely classified as local alluvial land.
Table 5.5: Watershed Soil Types
Soil Type % of Watershed Soil Types % of Watershed
Silty Loam 66 Silty Clay Loam 5
Sandy Loam 21 Slaty Silt Loam 2
* The remaining 6.1% of the soils are solely classified as local alluvial land.
Herndon Series
This series consists of light brownish-gray, very acidic, well drained soils on uplands. These soils
occur in the southern and eastern parts of Alamance County in the volcanic slate region. They are
less sandy than Appling soils although very similar in color. The soil is usually overlying and
unconsolidated; permeability is slow and the shrink-swell capacity is low to moderate. Most Herndon
soils are classified as silt loams.
Georgeville Series
This is a reddish-brown or yellowish-brown, well drained, strongly acidic, series usually found on
uplands. Their parent material is fine grained, usually slate, volcanic rocks. These soils occur most
frequently in the southern and eastern parts of Alamance County. Georgeville soils are some of the
best soils in the county for agriculture, they posses a moderate soil permeability rate and have a low
• to moderate shrink-swell potential. These soils are ordinarily classified as silt loams.
Appling Series
Appling series soils are gently sloping to strongly sloping, deep, well drained soils. They have
formed under forest material that has weathered from granite, gneiss, schist, and other acidic rocks.
The available water capacity is medium; permeability and the shrink-swell capacity are moderate.
Most Appling soils are classified as sandy loams. The majority of Appling soils are hydrologic group
B soils. Appling Series soils are characterized by moderate runoff and moderate erosion potential.
•
Orange Series
This series ranges from light-gray to dark grayish-brown in color and is somewhat poorly drained.
Like the Herndon series they are also found in the southern and eastern parts of Alamance County and
are also the product of volcanic rock. Orange soils are usually classified as silt loams, although they
can have a fair amount of elasticity when they contain higher percentages of clay. The permeability
of this series is very slow and the shrink-swell capacity ranges from low to high, again with a
correlation to the clay content.
The soil series (Table 5.6) and the soil types (Table 5.7) in the reference site compare well to with
those found in the project watershed.
IV Dewberry 24
•
•
•
Table 5.6: Comparison of Watershed Soil Series
Project W atershed Reference Watershed
Soil Series % of Watershed Soil Series % of Watershed
Herndon 45 Herndon 41.
Orange 30 Orange 11
Geor eville 1 Geor eville 21
A piing 15 Ap ling 15
Goldston 2 Goldston 2
Efland 1 Efland 5
* Other sporadic Series not shown.
Table 5.7: Comparison of Watershed Soil Types
Project Watershed Reference Watershed
Soil Types % of Watershed Soil Types % of Watershed
Silty Loam 79 Silty Loam 66
Sand Loam 19 Sand Loam 21
Slaty Silt Loam 2 Slaty Silt Loam 2
Silty Clay Loam 1 Sil Cla Loam 5
Other 1 Other 6
vy Dewberry
25
•
6.1 Proposed Stream Classification
Currently, SFCC is a G4c/F4 stream that is unattached to its existing floodplain. Typically, the
bankfull stage is between a foot and two feet below the top of bank within the project reach. The
stream possesses a high sinuosity and a low channel slope. The riparian area contains mature trees
and little understory. This incomplete riparian community, combined with cattle traversing the
stream banks, has resulted in the SFCC project reach experiencing large areas of bank instability and
erosion.
Sections 6.2 through 6.4, below, provide brief general discussion of the issues, analyses, and
constraints that affected the proposed design. Detailed design values are presented in Table 6.1 of
Section 6.8 Morphological Table and Section 6.11 Plan Sheets and 6.12 Profile Sheets.
6.2 Rosgen Priority Level
Approximately 2,650 feet or two-thirds of the proposed restoration will be Priority 2 restoration. The
majority of the proposed reach will have the floodplain lowered by excavating the existing soil to
lower the bank height ratios and increase the entrenchment ratio. The Priority 2 restoration will occur
in two distinct reaches on the stream. The reach downstream of the existing culvert is located in an
existing FEMA A flood zone, so the streambed elevations will remain unchanged to avoid any
potential impacts to flooding. The most upstream reach, which begins less than 25 feet from the
property line will also be Priority 2 from the upstream project limit to Station 7+35 in effort to avoid
• hydraulic trespass on the upstream property.
Approximately 1,400 feet of the stream will be restored as Priority 1. This reach will begin at Station
7+35 and ends upstream of the culvert crossing at Station 21+35. The stream will be realigned in this
reach and bankfull will be reattached to the floodplain.
6.3 Bankfull Discharge
Using simple hydraulic models of the existing condition cross-section, bankfull discharge values of
45 cfs and 72 cfs were established for SFCC above and below the intersection of the unnamed
tributary, respectively.
6.4 Sediment Transport Analysis
Above the confluence of the UT, the pebble counts for the riffles indicate the riffles have a D50 of 4
mm. This value designates the upper reach as a gravel bed stream. Below the confluence of the UT,
the pebble counts expose the riffles to have a D50 of 4 mm. This value indicates that the lower reach
is also a gravel bed stream.
Critical dimensionless shear stress ('r*,i) was used to measure the force required to move a given size
particle resting on the channel bed. The equation for critical dimensionless shear stress is as follows:
T*ci = 0.0834(di/d50) -0.872
Where, T*ci = the critical shear stress (dimensionless)
• di = D50 of riffle bed surface (mm)
D50 = subsurface d50 (mm)
Dewberry 26
For SFCC, the D50 of the riffle bed surface was 4 mm and the D50 of the sub-pavement sample was
• 0.50 mm. These values result in a T*,i value of 0.014 (see Table 6.1).
Once T*,i has been estimated, the depth of water in the channel that is necessary to move the largest
particle found in the bar sample can be calculated. Hey and Rosgen (1997) developed the following
relationship:
T*oi ((p sand - p water) / P water) A
d=
S
Where, T*,i = the critical shear stress (dimensionless)
P sand = density of sand (2.65 g/cm)
Pwater = density of water (1.0 g/cm3)
Di = largest particle found on the point bar sample (ft)
S = average bankfull slope
The T*,i for SFCC, as noted above, is 0.014, the Di is 22 mm and the average bankfull slope is
0.0055, which results in a depth of flow of approximately 1.91 feet (see Table 6.1).
Table 6.1: Critical Dimensionless Shear Stress Estimates
•
T = yRhs
Where, T = shear stress (lb/ft)
y = specific gravity of water (62.4 lb/ft2)
• Rh = hydraulic radius (ft)
s = average riffle slope (ft/ft)
Reach di d50
T " P sand r water A (ft) S d
(mm) (mm) 3
(g/cm) (g/cm) (ft/ft) (ft)
SFCC 4.0 0.50 0.014 2.65 1.00 0.072 0.0033 0.5
The flow depth calculated using the Critical Dimensionless Shear Stress can be compared with the
proposed design riffle depth to determine if the design dimensions or profile need adjustment. The
required depth to move the 22 mm particle was calculated to be approximately 0.5 feet, which
compares favorably with the design maximum bankfull depths of 1.9 and 2.35 feet for the upstream
and downstream reaches, respectively. The Critical Dimensionless Shear Stress indicates the
proposed riffle cross-section should have enough flow depth to adequately transport the available
sediment.
Additionally, the shear stress was calculated using Shield's Curve. The formula below (1936) is used
to calculate a shear stress, which is then used to find a corresponding particle size on Shield's Curve.
The particle size found on Shield's Curve will be the size particle that will be transported by the given
shear stress. The channel design, based on Shield's Curve, should generate enough shear stress to
transport a particle equal to the D84 of the point bar.
ff Dewberry 27
• For SFCC, the bankfull cross-sectional area is 27.0 square feet, the wetted perimeter is 16.4 feet, the
average riffle slope is 0.0033, and the D84 is 20 mm. Table 6.2 summarizes the values found using
the formula above and the Shield's Curve.
Table 6.2: Shield's Curve Estimates
Y Rh Slope 'r Particle Size (mm) - Pavement Bar D84
Reach (lb/ft3) (ft) (ft/ft) (lb/ft) Shield's Curve D84 (mm) (mm)
SFCC 62.4 1.65 0.0033 0.34 20 11.0 20
Based on the Shield's Curve calculations, the design riffle cross-sections should experience enough
shear stress to transport a 20 mm particle. The point bar D84 is 20 mm, which indicates there is
adequate shear stress to transport the D84 of the point bar.
6.5 Dimension
The proposed cross-sectional dimensions were based on a combination of data collected from the
project site and from the reference site. The proposed section was compared to the SRI's regional
curves for reasonableness and good agreement was found for both SFCC.
The cross-sectional area for SFCC will remain relatively unchanged; however, the slope of the banks
has been designed to be 2:1 except for 1:1 slopes on the outside bend of meanders. Decreased bank
• slopes will help improve bank stability and will reduce BEHI scores.
6.6 Pattern
The proposed alignment for SFCC utilizes a new alignment for the majority of the restoration. The
stream is constrained by rock outcrops for approximately 200 feet downstream of the culvert so the
new alignment is coincident with existing alignment in this reach. The pattern measurements for the
proposed alignment decrease the overall channel length. The changes in length and pattern are due to
two factors. First, the channel was moved near upstream construction limits to maximize the riparian
buffer area within the project site parcel. Second, the sinuosity was decreased to reduce bank stress
during vegetation establishment and to eliminate curves with radii of curvature too low for stream
stability in oxbows and "sharp" curves.
6.7 Profile
The proposed profile for SFCC is constrained by the existing upstream channel tie-in elevation, the
existing downstream channel tie-in elevation, and the downstream invert elevation of the existing
culverts. The riffle slopes range from approximately 1.1 percent to 3.4 percent and the pool slopes
are zero (0) slope.
6.8 Morphological Table
Rosgen Level 1 through 4 analyses was completed on SFCC and the reference reach. Although not
specifically stated, Sections 1 through 4 of this report detail the four levels of investigation for each of
the streams.
• Using the data collected in Sections 1 through 4, Rosgen parameters and ratios were generated for
both reference reaches and the SFCC and its Unnamed Tributary. Table 6.3 summarizes the key
ff Dewberry 28
morphological values for the reference reach, the SFCC and the proposed or design values for the
SFCC. The values shown in the Table 63: Morphological Table - Comprehensive show the channel
dimension, pattern, and profile data for both the existing conditions and the proposed design.
6.9 Structures
The stream design for SFCC includes cross vanes to redirect stream flow along the stream centerline
and root wads to protect outside bends in meanders (curves).
Additionally, the riparian buffer will provide diffuse flow of local runoff. Proposed locations of
structures can be seen on Plan Sheets 1 through 7 as identified in Section 6.12.
To protect the banks before the plantings can re-vegetate the stream banks and buffer, coir matting
will be used from the low flow channel to the bankfull stage to reduce erosion by providing a
temporary cover to exposed soils.
•
•
Dewberry 29
r?
U
r?
LJ
•
Table 6.3: Morphological Table - Comprehensive
Parameter Units Ref. Reach 1 Existing Proposed

E
Reach Name Unnamed
Tributary to

Cane Creek SFCC Above
Tributary SFCC Below
Tributary SFCC Above
Trib Priority 2 SFCC Above
Trib Priority 1 SFCC Below
Tributary
Stream Type E4b G4c F4 E4 E4
d
Drainage Area
mil
0.99
0.82
1.33
0.82
1.33
Bankfull Discharge, QBKF cfs 50 45 72 45 72
Bankfull Velocity, VBKF ft/s 4.3 3.1 2.3 3.1 2.7
Bankfull X-Sec. Area, ABKF ft2 11.6 14.8 31.8 14.7 27.0
Bankfull Width, WBKF ft 11.6 11.4 23.4 12.0 15.0
Bankfull Mean Depth, DBKF ft 1.0 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.8
2 Width/Depth, WBKF/ DBKF 11.6 8.7 17.2 9.8 8.3
V)
E
Bankfull Max Depth, DMAx
ft
1.4
1.6
2.5
1.9
3.0
p DMAx / DBKF 1.4 1.3 1.7 1.6 1.7
W. Flood Prone Area, WFPA ft 41.3 14.9 48.2 > 36 > 45
Entrenchment, WFPA / WBKF 3.6 1.3 2.1 2! 3.0 ?t 3.0
Bank Height Ratio, BHR 1.0 2.7 1.9 1.0 1.0
Parameter Units Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Yin Min Max
*Meander Length, LM ft 43.3 46.2 30 247 15 264 90 130 85 150 110 215
E *M.L.Ratio, LM/WBKF 3.7 4.0 2.6 21.7 1.3 23.2 7.5 10.8 7.1 12.5 7.3 14.3
Radius of Curvature , Rc ft 9.4 81.2 3.7 69.4 4.2 7.4 40 100 40 60 39 80
a RC Ratio, RC I WBKF 0.8 7.0 0.3 6.1 0.4 0.7 3.3 8.3 3.3 5.0 2.6 5.3
*Belt Width, WBLT ft 19.1 41.2 2 36 2 94 25 40 25 65 30 140
*BW Ratio, WBLT / WBKF 1.6 3.6 0.2 3.2 0.2 8.3 2.1 3.3 2.1 5.4 2.0 9.3
Riffle Length, LR ft 4.0 38.9 1.1 37.2 2.8 34.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 12.0 12.0
Riffle Length Ratio, LR/WBKF 0.3 3.4 0.1 3.3 0.1 1.4 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
Riffle Spacing, LRS ft 10.3 132.4 13.7 120.0 3.5 169.2 30.0 55.0 30.0 55.0 31.0 140.0
R. S. Ratio, LRSIWBKF 0.9 11.4 1.2 10.6 0.1 7.2 2.5 4.6 2.5 4.6 2.1 9.3
Pool Length, LP ft 14.8 42.8 5.0 26.2 3.4 21.0 20 20 20 20 24 24
Pool Length Ratio, PRIWBKF 1.3 3.7 0.4 2.3 0.1 0.9 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6
m L.Pool Spacing, LPs ft 17 159 19 509 35 895 30 55 30 55 31 80
o P. S.Ratio, L sIWBKF 1.4 13.7 1.7 44.8 1.5 38.2 2.5 4.6 2.5 4.6 2.1 5.3
a Pool Width, W ft 10.6 15.5 10 20 10 30 12 12 12 12 15 15
P.W. Ratio, W IWBKF 0.9 1.3 0.9 1.8 0.4 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
**Pool Depth, D ft 0.8 1.3 2.1 2.6 1.8 2.6 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0
P.D. Ratio, Dp / DBKF 0.80 1.30 1.61 2.00 1.32 E
1 2.45 2.45 2.45 2.45 2.22 2.22
Valley Slope, Svel 2.3% 0.43% 0.57% 0.43% 0.57%
Channel Slope, San 2.2% 0.37% 0.32% 0.39% 0.38%
Sinuosity, K 1.08 1.17 1.79 1.09 1.49
2 D1B - Channel mm Silt/Clay Silt/Clay Silt/Clay Silt/Clay Silt/Clay
DSa - Channel mm 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0
Daa -Channel mm 128.0 22.6 32.0 22.6 32.0
* Meander lengths and belt widths were increased to adjust to appropriate values based on design slope and to reduce bank stresses during
vegetation establishment.
**Pool depths were modified from reference streams. Pool depths based on designer judgment.
Dewberry
30
• 6.10 Riparian Buffer
As part of the stream restoration, the project will include creation, restoration, and repair of the
riparian buffer along the project reach. Within the project reach, the riparian buffer is in need of
varying levels of restoration ranging from restoration to augmentation.
The riparian buffer augmentation and restoration will extend a minimum of 50 feet from the most
landward limit of the top of bank. Planting will be completed in accordance with the most recent
version North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program's Standard Planting Specifications.
Suggested species to be used in the riparian buffer are shown in Table 6.2. The list in Table 6.2 is
based on species noted during the vegetative study of the project site and reference sites, and
supplemented by the Native Riparian Plants listed included as part of the SRI'S river course. SRI'S
river course list is provided in Appendix E-1.
The SFCC flows into waters that have a nutrient sensitive water designation and as a result riparian
buffer plantings will not include species that fix nitrogen.
Table 6.4: Sample Species for Riparian Buffer Reestablishment
•
Grasses - Zone 1 & 2
Andro 0 on vir inicus Broomsed a Panicum clandestinum Deerton ue
Chasmanthium lati olium River Oats Panicum hemitomon Maidencane
Danthonia sericiea Silk Oat grass Panicum vir atum Switch ass
Era rostis s ectabilis Purple Love Grass Schizach rium sco arium Little Bluestein
Panicum ance s Beaked Panicum Tridens avus Pu le-To
Tripsacum dactyloides Gama Grass
Shru bs - Zone 1 & 2
Aroma arbuti olia red chokeberry Itea vir inica Virginia willow
Callicar a americana American beautyberry Rosa alustris swam rose
Ce halanthus occidentalis buttonbush Salix sericea silk willow
Cornus amomum silky dogwood Viburnum nudum possumhaw viburnum
Small Trees - Zone 2 Only
Car inns caroliniana ironwood Salix caroliniana swam willow
Magnolia virginiana sweetbay magnolia Salix nigra black willow
Larger Trees - Zone 2 Only
Betula ni ra river birch Liriodendron tuli i era tulip or yellow poplar, tulip tree
Fa us randi olia
I American beech Platanus occidentalis sycamore
Fraxinus enns lvanica green ash uercus hellos willow oak
Ulmus americana American elm
* Zone 1 - stream banks
Zone 2 - floodplains
6.11 Typical Cross-Sections
The proposed cross-sections for SFCC are designed to adjust the SFCC to a stream with an E4
Rosgen classification.
The upstream riffle cross-sections will have a bankfull cross-sectional area of approximately 15.6
square feet, a bankfull width of 12 feet, a bankfull maximum depth of 1.9 feet, and a bankfull mean
depth of 1.3 feet. The width to depth ratio is approximately 9.5 and the entrenchment ratio will
remain greater than 2.2.
11 Dewberry 31
The downstream riffle cross-sections will have a bankfull cross-sectional area of approximately 25.2
square feet, a bankfull width of 16 feet, a bankfull maximum depth of 2.35 feet, and a bankfull mean
depth of 1.57 feet. The width to depth ratio is approximately 8.8 and the entrenchment ratio will
remain greater than 2.2.
The upstream pool cross-sections will have a bankfull cross-sectional area of approximately 21.5
square feet a bankfull width of 12 feet, a bankfull maximum depth of 3.0 feet, and a bankfull mean
depth of 1.8 feet.
The downstream pool cross-sections will have a bankfull cross-sectional area of approximately 37
square feet a bankfull width of 16 feet, a bankfull maximum depth of 4.0 feet, and a bankfull mean
depth of 2.3 feet. The pool sections differ from the riffle sections by geometry as shown in Appendix
E-2.
6.12 Plan Sheets
The majority of the SFCC design priority 2 with sections of priority 1. The proposed alignment
reflects changes to the stream suggested by Rosgen analysis (including reference reach) and balanced
by the property and geologic constraints. The proposed SFCC alignment is shown on Plan Sheets 1
to 7 (Appendix E-3).
6.13 Profile Sheets
The proposed profile is shown in Appendix E-3.
6.14 Detail Sheets
The restoration details are shown in Appendix E-4.
•
19 Dewberry 32
•
The general sequence of construction will proceed from upstream to downstream and is described in
general terms below. Variance from the construction sequence as shown on the construction plan and
specifications will need prior approval from the engineer of record.
7.1 Prior to Construction
Prior to construction, a pre-construction meeting will be held. Following this meeting, and prior to
staking, the contractor will coordinate with the landowner and engineer to locate suitable staging
areas. The contractor will stake the stream alignment, and will mark the limits of grading and
clearing and Limits of Disturbance (LOD). Contractor will then install tree protection measures.
Sediment control devices and runoff control measures will be installed. Following inspection of
protective measures, all vegetation marked for removal will be removed. The staging, entry, and
access routes will be cleared and then constructed.
7.2 During Construction
Each days work will be limited to the amount of work that can be completed and protected with
permanent or temporary measures before the work day's end. Sediment and erosion control measures
will be inspected and repaired/adjusted daily.
The stream channel will be protected from construction by diverting the natural flow opposite the
under construction bank. The technique to divert stream flow will be pump around for any streams
with less than 5 cfs of flow.
Topsoil will be stripped and placed in stockpile to be placed over fill as needed. The channel will be
excavated and in-stream structures will be installed. The structures will be surveyed and stream
banks will receive final grading to design cross-sectional shape. The channel cross-section will be
surveyed and modified as needed.
Finished slopes will be stabilized with coir matting and the area will be temporarily or permanently
seeded according to the plans and specifications.
All land disturbance activities associated with the restoration are to be in accordance to the NC
Erosion and Sediment Control Planning and Design Manual and the NC Erosion and Sediment.
Control Field Manual. Sediment and erosion control measures will be shown in detail on the
construction plans and a sediment and erosion control plan will be submitted to the EEP for submittal
to the NC Division of Land Quality for permitting when construction plans are completed. Section
7.3 provides a general overview of several important sediment and erosion control issues for this
restoration.
7.3 Sediment and Erosion Control
Sediment and erosion control measures to be used may include, but are not necessarily limited to,
diversion ditches, sediment basins, check dams, outlet protection, tree protection fencing, silt fencing,
temporary seeding, mulching, and erosion control blankets. Work will be limited to the length of
• stream that can be constructed and stabilized before the end of the work day. All sediment and
erosion control measures will be inspected daily and following storm events, and will be adjusted
and/or repaired as needed.
Dewberry 33
• 7.3.1 Tree Protection
The site contains a large number of mature overstory trees. Tree preservation and protection
measures will be used to prevent damage to designated trees. Grading around trees that remain in
place will be done to minimize soil compaction over the roots.
7.3.2 Erosion Control Features
Silt fencing will be used where necessary to control sediment transport and to protect exposed and
steep grades. Additional protection will be required for denude areas not at final grade within seven
days and from any slope that seeps water from the slope face.
Sediment basins and traps, perimeter dikes, sediment barriers and other measures shall be constructed
as a first step in any land disturbing activity and will be made functional before upslope land
disturbance takes place. Stockpiles will be stabilized or protected with sediment trapping measures.
7.3.3 Temporarily Impacted Areas
Temporary stream crossings may be required for this project. These crossing will be restored prior to
the completion of the project.
When stream reaches require dewatering, a Pump Around Detail must be provided to the engineer for
review prior to installation.
• All disturbed areas above normal water level will receive temporary stabilization with vegetation
and/or mulch, weed free straw, hydromulch, cover crop, erosion control blanket, or similar. A
suitable temporary seed mixture will be provided on the construction plans. Silt fence will be used as
needed in addition to temporary seeding.
Temporary accesses, storage, and staging areas are to be restored to preconstruction conditions. The
soil will be restored to alleviate compaction. Exposed areas will be stabilized in a manner similar to
disturbed areas described above. Where vehicle access intersects paved public roads, provisions shall
be made to minimize transport of sediment by vehicular traffic. When sediment is transported to
paved surfaces, the surface shall be cleaned thoroughly at the end of each day. Washing will not be
allowed until the surface has been shoveled or swept and sediment disposed in a sediment control
area.
All temporary sediment and erosion control measures shall be removed within 30 days after final site
stabilization or after the temporary measures are no longer needed. Trapped sediment and disturbed
soil areas resulting from the disposition of temporary measures shall be permanently stabilized to
prevent further erosion and sedimentation.
7.4 Following Construction
All temporary erosion and control measures will be removed within 30 days after final site inspection.
An as-built survey and as-built plans will be developed to ensure location and elevation of the
alignment and in-stream structures are in good agreement with the design plans.
•
Dewberry 34
The site will be monitored one year following construction. Permanent cross-sections will be
surveyed to determine stability of the stream and structures, and vegetation counts will be conducted
in test plots to determine survival rates.
LJ
•
W Dewberry 35

8.1 Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Geomorphology
Following construction the restored section of the SFCC will be surveyed longitudinally and at
permanently established cross-sections. Photo points will also be established for future visits.
One year following construction, the restored section of the SFCC will be surveyed longitudinally and
at the permanent cross-sections. Photographs will be taken at the photo points. The stability of the
channel will be assessed by comparing this survey to the as-built survey and the survey of the
permanent cross-sections. With each survey, pebble counts will be performed at the permanent cross-
sections to quantify the aggradation and/or erosion along the reach.
8.2 Riparian Vegetation
Within the planted buffer, species survival will be determined by vegetative plots established at the
completion of construction. Species density and survival will be documented as well as the
introduction of species not installed during the buffer planting.
8.3 Monitoring Report
The results of the channel survey, pebble counts, and vegetative surveys will be summarized in a
post-construction monitoring report and presented along with photographs to the EEP. The first
annual monitoring report will be completed by Dewberry and delivered to the EEP one year after
. construction. Additional long-term monitoring will be the responsibility of the EEP.
•
Dewberry 36

Brockman, C. Frank, illustrated by Merrilees, Rebecca. 1968. Trees of North America. Golden
Press, NY, New York.
Carolina Raptor Center. http://www.carolinaraptorcenter.orgtrs hawk.php
Doll, Barbara A. et. al,. 2000. Hydraulic Geometry Relationships for Urban Streams Throughout the
Piedmont of North Carolina. American Water Resources Association.
FISRWG (10/1998). Stream Corridor Restoration: Principles, Processes, and Practices. By the
Federal Interagency Stream Restoration Working Group (FISRWG) (15 Federal agencies of the US
gov't). GPO Item No. 0120-A; SuDocs No. A 57.6/2:EN 3/PT.653. ISBN-0-934213-59-3.
Harman, William A. et. al,. June/July 1999. Bankfull Hydraulic Geometry Relationships for North
Carolina Streams. American Water Resources Association Summer Symposium Proceedings.
Harrelson, Cheryl C.; Rawlins, C. L.; Potyondy, John, P. 1994. Stream channel reference sites: an
illustrated guide to field techniques. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-245. Fort Collins, CO: U.S Department of
Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 61 p.
Hey, Richard D. and Dave Rosgen. 1997. Fluvial Geomorphology for Engineers. Wildland
Hydrology, Pagosa Springs, Colorado.
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources Wetlands Restoration Program.
2001. Watershed Restoration Plan for the Cape Fear River Basin. North Carolina Wetlands
Restoration Program, Raleigh, N.C
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources Division of Water Quality
Section. October 1995. Basinwide Assessment Report - Cape Fear River. North Carolina Division
of Water Quality, Raleigh, N.C.
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources Division of Water Quality
Section. August 1997. Common Wetland Plants of NC. North Carolina Division of Water Quality,
Raleigh, N.C.
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources Division of Water Quality
Section. August 2000. Cape Fear River Basinwide Water Quality Plan. North Carolina Division of
Water Quality, Raleigh, N.C.
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources Division of Water Quality
Section. April 2001. Internal Technical Guide for Stream Work in North Carolina. North Carolina
Division of Water Quality, Raleigh, N.C.
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources Division of Water Nonpoint
Source Management Program. http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/nps/uwacolor.gif
North Carolina Office of Environmental Education - North Carolina River Basin Maps
ht!p://www.ee.enr.state.nc.us/ecoadr/Watersheds-NC-mgp.html
` Dewberry 37
• North Carolina Stream Restoration Institute. 1998. River Courses 1-4. North Carolina State Bio-Ag
Engineering Cooperative Extension Service Water Quality Group, Raleigh, NC.
North Carolina Stream Restoration Institute - Recommended Piedmont Native Plants
http://www5.bae.ncsu. edu/programs/extension/wq g,/sri/Recommended%20Native%20Plant%20Speci
es.htm#Piedmont%20Regio
North Carolina Stream Restoration Institute - Rural Piedmont Regional Curves
http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/programs/extension/w sri/ruralpied_recurves.html
Radford, Albert, Ahles, Harry, and Bell, C. Ritchie. September 1968. Manual of the Vascular Flora
of the Carolinas. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Rosgen, Dave. 1996. Applied River Morphology. Wildland Hydrology, Pagosa Springs, Colorado.
United States Department of Agriculture, et al. 1998. Stream Corridor Restoration Principles,
Processes, and Practices. United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
United States Department of Agriculture. Plants Database. hit2:Hplants.usda.gov/
United States Department of Agriculture. Soil Conservation Service. April 1960. Soil Survey of
Alamance County, North Carolina. Soil Survey Staff. United States Government Printing Office,
Washington, D.C.
•
n
U
Dewberry 38
C
•
•
Q Dewberry
0 Appendix A: Local Information
C
is
16 Dewberry 11
• Appendix A-1: Vicinity Map - Project and Reference Sites
•
•
f"I Dewberry III
•
0
•

12203 158

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SOUTH FORD
OF
CANE CREE
Vicinity Map
MUNICIPALITY DISTANCE' DISTANCE'
Alamance 12.61 8.37
Asheboro 22.03 25.90
Burlington 16.13 11.22
Cary 37.75 37.01
Chapel Hill 23.41 21.11
Durham 32.26 29.30
Greensboro 27.93 26.63
High Point 31.62 32.17
Hillsborough 24,07 19.76
Liberty 7.14 9.90
Pittsboro 18.17 19.87
Raleigh 4428 42.89
Ramseur 14.11 18.70
Randleman 20.60 23.48
Reidsville 36.03 32.01
Siler City 8.29 13.58
Staley 7.08 11.73
Thomasville 35.59 37.26
NOTE: Distances are straight line
measurements, from center of the
city to the center of the property
boundary, proposed restoration
site (1) and reference site (2).
Interstate
Secondary Roads
State Highway
US Highway
Property Boundary
Municipalities
Cape Fear River Basin
03030002050050 (14-Digit)
County Boundary
Other River Basins
Cape Fear River Basin:
03030002 (8-Digit)
N
1:348,000
4 0 4
Mlles
Dewberry
2301 REXWOODS DR.
SUITE 200
RALEIGH, NC 27607
0 Appendix B: General Watershed Information
•

Dewberry Iv
• Appendix B-1: USGS 7.5 Minute Quadrangles

•
Dewberry
•
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SOUTH FORK
OF
CANE CREEK
TOPOGRAPHIC MAP
USGS 1:24,000
MUNICIPALITY DISTANCE' DISTANCE2
Alamance 12.61 8.37
Asheboro 22.03 25.90
Burlington 16.13 11.22
Cary 37.75 37.01
Chapel Hill 23.41 21.11
Durham 32.26 29.30
Greensboro 27.93 26.63
High Point 31.62 32.17
Hillsborough 24.07 19.76
Liberty 7.14 9.90
Pittsboro 18.17 19.87
Raleigh 44.28 42.89
Ramseur 14.11 18.70
Randleman 20.60 23.48
Reidsville 36.03 32.01
Slier City 8.29 13.58
Staley 7.08 11.73
Thomasville 35.59 37.26
NOTE Distances are straight line
measurements, from center of the city to the
center of the property boundary, proposed
restoration site (1) and reference site (2).
USGS QUAD REVISED
NAME: DATE;
CRUTCHFIELD 1974
CROSSROADS
SILK HOPE 1974
SAXAPAHAW 1977
SNOW CAMP 1978
Interstate
Secondary Roads
State Highway
US Highway
Property Boundary
Site Drainage Area
Cape Fear River Basin.
03030002050050 (14-Digit)
County Boundary
L USGS Quadrangle
N
1:50,400
0.6 0 0.6
Miles
Dewberry
2301 REXWOODS DR.
SUITE 200
RALEIGH, NC 27607
• Appendix B-2: Physiographic Region Map
is
•
;:11
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u
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j PERSON
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v
ORANGE
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G,UILFORD
Kernersville
Mebane
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70 Hillsborough
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i
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I

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„

SOUTH FORK
OF
CANE CREEK
PHYSIOGRAPHY
REGION BY GEOLOGY
Coastal Plain! Undif Coastal Plain
Piedmont/ Carolina Slate Belt
Piedmont I Charlotte Belt
Piedmont I Dan River Triassic Basin
Piedmont I Milton Belt
Piedmontl Raleigh Belt
Piedmont I Sanford-Durham TH Basin
Piedmont I Sauratown Mts Anticlinori
NOTE: BOTH THE REFERENCE
AND THE PROJECT SITE ARE
LOCATED IN THE PIEDMONT
REGION. THE SITES ARE 100%
COMPRISED OF THE CAROLINA
SLATE BELT.
Interstate
Secondary Roads
State Highway
US Highway
South Fork Property Boundary
Municipalities
Cape Fear River Basin:
03030002050050 (14-Digit)
County Boundary
Other River Basins
Cape Fear River Basin:
..:w 03030002 (8-Digit)
N
1:348,000
4 0 4
Miles
Dewberry
2301 REXWOODS DR.
SUITE 200
RALEIGH, NC 27607
i Appendix B-3: Watershed Land Use / Land Cover Map

Dewberry vil
•
A
•
SOUTH FORK
OF
CANE CREEK
LANDUSE
Basin Description Acres Coverage
1 Cultivated 1.269 1.50%
1 Managed Herbaceous Cover 39,312 48.20%
1 Mixed Upland HaNavcods 40,568 47.70%
1 Southern Yellow Pine 4,086 4.80%
Basin Descnptbn Acres Coverage
2 Cultivated 48.105 10.90%
2 Managed Herbaceous Cover 268.964 60.90%
2 Mixed Upland Hardwoods 106.395 24.10%
2 Southern Yellow Pine 18.387 4.20%
Basin Description Acres Coverage
3 Cultivated 9.597 11.90%
3 Mixed Upland Hardwoods 18.885 23.50%
3 Southern Yellow Pine 2,139 2.70%
3 Managed Herbaceous Cover 48.763 61.90%
3 Mixed Upland Hardwoods 0.023 0.00%
Basin Description Acres Coverage
4 Cultivated 0136 0.10%
4 Deciduous Shrublend 26.248 10.70%
4 Southern Yellow Pine 56888 23.20%
4 Managed Herbaceous Cover 78.610 32.10%
4 Mixed Upland Hardwoods 82354 33.70%
Cultivated
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Managed Herbaceous Cover
Mixed Upland Hardwoods
Southern Yellow Pine
Existing Thalweg
Property Boundary
Site Watershed
Cape Fear River Basin:
03030002050050 (14-Digit)
County Boundary
N
1:10,200
e10 0 eID
Eiiiii, ..
Dewberry
2301 REXWOODS DR.
SUITE 200
RALEIGH, NC 27607
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• Appendix B-5: Project Watershed Soils Map
is
•
Dewberry X
SOUTH FORK
OF
CANE CREEK
•
•
PROJECT SOILS
Basin Soil Acres Percent Coverage
1 AaB 7.15 &40%
1 Ce 5.17 6.10%
1 HdB 3.37 4.00%
1 HdB2 30.93 36.30%
1 HdC 17.91 21.00%
1 HdC2 6.38 7.50%
1 OaB 14.22 16.70%
Basin Soil Acres Percent Coverage
2 AaB 10066 22.80%
2 Ce 15.08 3.40%
2 EaB2 5.44 1.20%
2 EbC3 2.00 0.50%
2 GaB2 0.28 0.10%
2 GcD 6.07 1.40%
2 HdB2 34.83 7.90%
2 HdC 0.10 0.001/1,
2 HdC2 57.24 13.00%
2 HdD2 3.91 0.90%
2 Mf 2.43 0.50%
2 NO 47.48 10.70%
2 OaA 13.38 3.00%
2 OaB 25.65 5.80%
2 OaB2 45.79 10.40%
2 ObB2 5.16 1.20%
2 ObC 18.83 4.30%
2 ObC2 34.61 7.80%
2 We 21.32 4.80%
2 w 1.47 0.30%
Basin Soil Acres Percent Coverage
3 AaB 6.71 8.40%
3 Ce 6.09 7.60%
3 HdB 9.76 12.20%
3 HdB2 24.89 31.00%
3 HdC 6.08 7.60%
3 HdC2 10.92 13.60%
3 HdD2 5.55 6.90%
3 OaB 0.70 0.90%
3 ObC2 9.64 12.00%
Basin Soil Acres Percent Coverage
4 AaB 4.05 1.70%
4 Ce 9.67 3.90%
4 EaB2 0.44 0.20%
4 GcD 5.73 2.30%
4 HdB 38.73 15.80%
4 HdB2 27.41 11.20%
4 HdC 57.87 23.60%
4 HdC2 13.75 5.60%
4 HdD2 0.00 0.00%
4 NO 2.08 0.80%
4 OaB 52.85 21.60%
4 OaB2 14.49 5.90%
4 ObC2 5.08 2.10%
4 We 12.59 5.10%
Cane Creek Thahveg
Pro perty Boundary
Site Watershed
Cape Fear River Basi n:
03030002050050 (14-Digit)
County Boundary
N
•
1;10,200
640 0 840
Feel
Dewberry
2301 REXWOODS DR.
SUITE 200
RALEIGH, NC 27607
• Appendix B-6: Watershed Soils - Hydrologic Soil Group Map
•
0
Dewberry
SOUTH FORD
OF
CANE CREEK
HYDROLOGIC
G ROUPS
Basin Sol H ? Acres C aarape
1
1 AeB
08 8 7.15
C 5.17 8.10%
8.10%
1 HE B 3.37 4.00%
1
1 HOB2
HOC B 30.93
B 17.91 38.30%
21.00%
1 HdC2 B 838 7.50%
1 Des D 1422 16.70%
Bun Sd Agee C
o overage
2 Aas B 10088 22790%
2
2 08
Eeag C 1508
B 8N 3.40%
120%
2
2 EbC3
GaB2 B 209
B 028 0,50%
0.10%
2 GcD c 6.07 1.40%
2 HdB2 B 3493 7.90%
2 HOC B 0.10 9.00%
2 H0C2 B 5724 13.00%
2
2 Hd02
9N B 391
B 243 010%
9.50%
2 NO NO 47.48 10.70%
2
2 OvA
oss D 1338
D 25.65 3.00%
5.80%
2 0882 D 45.79 10.40%
2 0082 D 518 120%
2 ObC D 1883 4.30%
2 0602 D 34.61 1.80%
2 We D 21.32 4.80%
2 w w 1.47 0.30%
Basin Sol Arcs C
Gmup overage
3 AeB B 8.71 8.40%
3 ce c 899 7.60%
3 Hd8 B 9.78 1220%.
3 HdB2 B 24. 31.00%
3 Hdc B 89! 1.60%
3 HdC2 B 1092 13.80%
3 HdD2 B 5.55 8.80%
3 00 D 0.70 090%
3 ObC2 D 9.64 1200%
Bun SN l Acres C merpe
4
4 A@6
ce 8 4.06
c 9.67 1.70%
3.9D%
4 EeB2 B 0A4 02D%
4 Grp C 5.73 2.30%
4
4 HdB
HOB2 B 36.73
B 27.41 15.80%
1120%
4 HdC B 5797 2390%
4

4 HdC2

HdD2 s 13.75

B 0.00 580
.%
0.00%
4 NO DATA NO DATA 206 0.80%
4
4 00
0882 D 5285
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59D%
4 ObC2 D 5.08 2.10%
4 We D '.259 510%
- Cane Creek The'*"
Properly BDUndary
Site Watershed
Cape Fear River Basin:
03030002050050 (14-Digit)
CmnD f Boundary
N
1 :10,200
870 0 810
Feel
D ewber ry
2301 REXWOODS DR.
SUITE 200
SOUTH FORK
OF
CANE CREEK
REFERENCE SITE
LANDUSE
Bair Desaipwn Acres Caerage
1Managed Herbaceous Cover 4.097 1.60%
1 Meted HardwcodilCardders 3.613 1.50%
1 Moved Upland Hardwoods 21&744 8710%
1 SOUihem Yellow Pine 24.212 9.70%
Basin Descripton Acres Coverage
2 Mixed Upland Hardwoods 202439 89.90%
2 Water Bodies 2.810 1.20%
2 Evergreen Shnibiaid 1.038 0.50%
2 Managed Herbaceous Cover 8.301 3.70%
2 Southam Yellow Pine 10.613 4.70%
Basin Description Acres Coverage
3 Southam Yellow Pine 15.681 11.70%
3 Mixed Hardwoodsitomfers 2.975 2.20%
3 Mixed Upland Hardwoods 114.949 86.00%
Basin Description Acres Coverage
4 Mixed Upland Hardwoods 31.112 98.80%
4 Mored HarAsdoddCarrrters 0.035 0.10%
4 Southam Yellow Pine 0.336 1.10%
® Evergreen Shrubland
Managed Herbaceous Cover
Mixed Hardwoods/Conifers
Mixed Upland Hardwoods
Southern Yellow Pine
- Water
Reference (UT)
Existing Thalweg
Property Boundary
- - Site Watershed
Cape Fear River Basin:
03030002050050 (14 -Digit)
County Boundary
N
1:10,800
700 0 700
Feet
Dewberry
2301 REXWOODS DR.
RALEIGH, NC 27607

SOUTH FORD
OF
CANE GREEK
REFERENCE SOILS
BWn BoA ABM C-W.
1 ACC3 a 9.001 3.909E
1 ^cm a 3.435 1.40%
1 AGa2 a sate 2.30%
1 AGC D 33.999 13.70%
1 AGC2 a 9.389 3.90%
1 A40 5 17.800 7.00%
1 AGD2 a 0. sea 0.30%
1 AGE a 2.410 1.00%
1 E.= a 0.988 020%
1 EEC3 a 0.417 0.20%
1 O.a a 3.129 1.30%
1 O.= a 1.342 0.70%
1 0.02 a 3.703 1.30%
1 OOa3 a 0.003 0.00%
1 1-a a 2.716 1.10%
1 HGC a 35.152 14.20%
1 AGCY a 10.477 4.20%
1 HGD a 90.996 24.60%
1 HGD2 a 11.292 4.50%
1 HGE 5 17.092 6.90%
1 H.C3 a 0.623 0.30%
1 Le D 12.610 a.10%
1 Ld C 6.665. 2.00%
1 0602 D 0.669 0.30%
6.840 601 k A- Cor.r.pe Group
2 Ads a 4.661 2.00%
2 AGC a 38.672 17.10%
2 A® a 8.937 4.00%
2 E.D 5 10.612 4.70%
2 O.= a 2.574 1.10%
2 0.02 a 5.903 2.60%
2 HGa a 2039 0.90%
2 HG82 6 2.684 1.10%
2 Hoc a 33.309 11.90%
2 HGC2 8 7.986 3.50%
2 HGD a 37.156 16.50%
2 HGE a 0.006 070%
2 H.C3 a 6.040 3.60%
2 Lo D 7.346 3.30%
2 0.e D 15.618 a.90x
2 0.a2 D 1718 0.50%
2 OOC 0 23.959 10.60%
2 Ob= D 14.608 8.50%
e..1n Foil k An.. Cowepe Group
3 F.C2 a 2.373 1.80%
3 E.0 a 0.351 0.30%
3 EeC3 a 7.920 5.90%
3 O.a a 5.608 470%
3 O.C a 0.aos 0.50%
3 0.0 a 16.43/ 12.30%
3 0.02 5 31.465 23.80%
3 0063 a 6.706 a.00%
3 OBC3 a a.156 a.10%
3 GCE c a. sea 4.20%
3 HOC2 5 11.196 6.40%
3 HGD a 0.482 0. O%
3 HGE a 12.417 9.30%
3 L. D 7.e02 5.70%
3 0.5 D 3.384 2.50%
3 O.a2 D 1.149 0.90%
3 08C D 7.485 5.80%
3 OOC2 0 4.713 3.50%
6.840 So9 Hydrofcg?
Group Au.. C-rage
4 E.0 a 6384 26.50%
4 O.C a 1.501 a.eox
4 0.0 5 2.a62 6.10%
4 OE c 4.006 12.70%
4 HGC2 6 0.346 1.10%
4 HGE a a.354 20.20%
4 Lc D a.484 20.90%
4 OoC 0 1.873 5.90%
Reference Th*m. g
Property Bound-Y
7
t
?J S" Watershed
a Cape Fear River Basin:
03030002050050 (14-Digit)
® County Boundary
N
1:10,800
675 0 675
FE.,
Dewberry
2394 RE*W99% E)
SUITE 200
RALEIGH, NC 27607
SOUTH FORK
OF
CANE CREED
REFERENCE
HYDROLOGIC GROUPS
Ea Sol A- CaV.rae.
1 ACC3 B 9.001 3.60%
1 AdB B 3.435 1.40%
1 AM32 B 5.816 230%
1 ACC B 33988 13.70%
1 AdC2 B 8.388 3.80%
1 Ado B 17.500 7.00%
1 AD102 B 0.858 0.30%
1 AdE B 2.410 1.00%
i E.= B 0398 020%
1 EDC3 B 0 A17 0.20%
1 Gab B 3.129 130%
1 G.C2 B 1.342 0.50%
1 Ga02 B 3.703 1.50%
1 G083 B 0.003 0.00%
1 Hd02 B 2.716 1.10%
1 H0C B 35.152 1420%
1 HOC2 B 10AT 410%
1 Hd0 B 60.966 24.60%
1 HdD2 B 11282 450%
1 HdE B 17.082 690%
1 H.C3 B 0.823 0.30%
1 Lc D 12610 5.10%
1 Ld C 5083 200%
1 ObC2 D 0.853 030%
B-i.
"Ycwologlc
Sao
A-

Cbwra9.
2 Ad8 B 4.581 2OD%
2 ACC B 38.672 17.10%
2 AdD B 8.831 4.00%
2 E.D B 10.612 4.70%
2 G.C2 B 2.574 1.10%
2 GaD2 B 5.903 260%
2 HdB B 2039 . 0.90%
2 Hd62 B 2.514 1.10%
2 HdC B 33.309 14.80%
2 HdC2 B 7. 3.50%
2 HID B 37.156 16.50%
2 HdE B 0.008 0.20%
2 HeC3 B 8.040 3.60%
2 L. D 7346 3.30%
2 OaB D 15.618 8.90%
2 C x 32 D 1118 0.50%
2 ObC D 23.989 10.60%
2 ObC2 D 14.808 6.50%
BWn 94.6 A- Ca..r-0-
3 EA C2 B 2.373 1.80%
3 E.D B 0.351 0.30%
3 EbC3 B 7.920 5.90%
3 C eB B 5.608 427%
3 G.C B 0.605 0.50%
3 O.D B 18.494 1230%
3 Gam B 31.465 23.60%
3 Gb83 B 8.706 5.00%
3 GbC3 B 8.188 6.10%
3 GcE C 5.585 420%
3 HOC2 B 11.196 8.40%
3 HdD B 0AB2 0.40%
3 HdE 8 12417 9.30%
3 L. D 7.602 5.70%
3 O.B O 3354 2.50%
3 0.82 0 1.149 0.90%
3 ObC O 7A85 5.80%
3 ObC2 0 4.713 3J0%
Bain
Hydre'Doic
6or
A-

Cwere9.
4 E.D B 8.384 20.50%
4 O.C B 1.501 4.80%
4 G.D B 2582 8.10%
4 GcE C 4.008 1270%
4 HOC2 B 0.348 1.101%
4 HdE B 8.354 2020%
4 L. D 6484 20.60%

4 D 1.873

OoC
590%
F ceTha
Property Boundary
a
Sitee watersnea
Cape Fear River Basin:
03030002050050 (144198)
M County Boundary

N
1:10,800
800 0
Dewbe rry
2301 REXWOODS DR.
SUITE 200
RALEIGH, NC 27607
• Appendix C: Description of Existing Conditions
•
•
Dewberry xll
• Appendix C-1: Project Site - Site Map
•
•
f) Dewberry xlil
• Appendix C-2: Project Site Dimension Data

•
Summary of Dimension Measurements - South Fork of Cane Creek
Dimension Parameter Units Existing Existing

Reach Name Above Unnamed
Tributary to SFCC Below Unnamed
Tributary to SFCC
Stream T e Rosgen G4c F4
Drainage Area mi 0.82 1.33
MIN MEAN MAX MIN MEAN MAX
Bankfull X-Sec. Area, ABKF ft2 11.1 14.8 17.4 29.0 31.8 36.2
Bankfull Width, WBKF ft 10.3 11.4 12.3 18.6 23.4 30.5
Bankfull Mean Depth, DBKF ft 1.6 1.8 2.0 1.0 1.4 1.7
Width/Depth, WBKF / DBKF 5.2 6.6 7.6 11.4 18.6 32.0
Bankfull Max Depth, DMAX ft 1.1 1.6 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.8
DMAX /DBKF 1.2 1.6 2.3 1.2 1.9 2.7
W. Flood Prone Area, WFPA ft 13.8 14.9 16.0 29.7 48.2 59.0
Entrenchment, WFPA / WBKF 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.4 2.1 3.0
Bank Height Ratio, BHR 2.2 2.7 3.5 1.5 1.7 1.9
Bankfull Discharge, QBKF cfs 45 72
Bankfull Velocity, VBKF ft/s 2.6 3.1 4.1 2.0 2.3 2.5
Dewberry
XIV
• Existing Dimension Conditions - SFCC - Upstream of Tributary
U
0
fifties Nlin McAn Max
Bankfull Area 11.1 Ft. 14.8 Ft. 17.4 Ft.
Bankfull Width 10.3 Ft. 11.4 Ft. 12.3 Ft.
Width / Depth 5.2 6.6 7.6
FPA Area 25.5 Ft. 62.4 Ft. 118.9 Ft.
FPA Width 13.8 Ft. 14.9 Ft. 16.0 Ft.
Entrenchment Ratio 1.1 1.3 1.6
Mean Depth 1.6 Ft. 1.8 Ft. 2.0 Ft.
Max Depth 1.1 Ft. 1.6 Ft. 2.0 Ft.
DMAX / DBKFL 1.2 1.6 2.3
Bank Height Ratio 2.2 Ft. 2.7 Ft. 3.5 Ft.
5501 5986 6337
15.9 Ft. 17.4 Ft. 11.1 Ft.
10.3 Ft. 11.5 Ft. 12.3 Ft.
5.2 6.9 7.6
118.9 Ft.2 42.9 Ft. 25.5 Ft.2
16 Ft. 15 Ft. 14 Ft.
1.6 1.3 1.1
2.0 Ft. 1.7 Ft. 1.6 Ft.
1.9 Ft. 2.0 Ft. 1.1 Ft.
2.3 1.3 1.2
2.3 Ft. 2.2 Ft. 3.5 Ft.
Existing Dimension Conditions - SFCC - Downstream of Tributary
Riffles Min Mean Flax
Bankfull Area 29.0 Ft. 31.8 Ft. 36.2 Ft.
Bankfull Width 18.6 Ft. 23.4 Ft. 30.5 Ft.
Width / Depth 11.4 18.6 32.0
FPA Area 85.0 Ft. 93.9 Ft. 106.8 Ft.2
FPA Width 29.7 Ft. 48.2 Ft. 59.0 Ft.
Entrenchment Ratio 1.4 2.1 3.0
Mean Depth 1.0 Ft. 1.4 Ft. 1.7 Ft.
Max De th 2.0 Ft. 2.5 Ft. 2.8 Ft.
DMAX / DBKFL 172 1.9 2.7
Bank Height Ratio 1.5 Ft. 1.7 Ft. 1.9 Ft.
IF Dewberry
2285 3540 1082
30.3 Ft. 36.2 Ft. 29.0 Ft.3
18.6 Ft. 21.2 Ft. 30.5 Ft.
11.4 12.4 32.0
85.0 Ft. 106.8 Ft. 90.0 Ft.3
56 Ft. 30 Ft. 59 Ft.
3.0 1.4 1.9
1.6 Ft. 1.7 Ft. 1.0 Ft.
2.0 Ft. 2.8 Ft. 2.6 Ft.
1.2 1.6 2.7
1.7 Ft. 1.5 Ft. 1.9 Ft.
xv
• Appendix C-3: Project Site Pattern Data
Summary of Pattern Measurements
Pattern Parameter Units
Reach Name
Meander Length, LM ft
M.L.Ratio, LM / WBKF
Radius of Curvature, RC ft
RC Ratio, RC / WB1KF
Belt Width, WBLT ft
BW Ratlo, WBLT/ WBKF
•
n
U
Min 'Mean 'lax
South Fork to Cane
Creek - Upstream of
Tributary
30.0 79.7 247.0
2.5 6.6 20.6
3.7 21.0 69.4
0.3 1.8 5.8
2.0 13.2 36.0
0.2 1.1 3.0
Min Mean Ma.
South Fork to Cane
Creek - Downstream
of Tributary
15.0 82.6 264.0
1.0 5.5 17.6
4.2 22.4 74.0
0.3 1.5 4.9
15.9 94.0
H.1 1.1 6.3
Dewberry xv1
• Pattern Measurements - South Fork of Cane Creek - Upstream of Tributary
Measurements Calculations
•
0
Bankfoll Stream \'alle3
NVidth Length Length Sinuosit%
I't. Ft. Ft
12.0 4586.4 3588.5 1.28
('urNr Radins of

Curvature Belt ?N idhh ures
C Meander

awlen;;th
# (Ft.) (Ft.) #'s (Ft.)
1 22.6 36 1&2
---
2 11.5 10 3&4 88
3 15.3 14 4&5 96
4 3.7 22 5&6 87
5 46.8 5 6&7 73
6 28.3 11 7&8 82
7 28.6 25 8&9
---
8 22.5 4 10& 11 ---
9 13.3 4 12 & 13 225
10 30.5 24 13 & 14 172
11 19.5 16 14& 15 ---
12 17.8 16 16& 17 78
13 62.1 16 17 & 18 38
14 49.1 9 18& 19 34
15 17.2 --- 19 & 20 62
16 11.3 3 20 & 21 50
17 6.0 2 21 & 22 36
18 24.3 8 22 & 23 48
19 30.7 2 23 & 24 247
20 22.0 --- 24 & 25 237
21 41.3 14 25 & 26 30
22 69.4 13 26 & 27 37
23 18.7 7 27 & 28 ---
24 26.9 5 29 & 30 ---
25 6.3 8 31 & 32 ---
26 7.9 4 33 & 34 ---
27 7.0 25 35 & 36 62
28 32.0 --- 36 & 37 37
29 14.8 5 37 & 38 54
30 9.3 2 38 & 39 93
31 4.9 17 39 & 40 84
32 4.9 11 40 & 41 ---
33 8.9 32 42 & 43 45
34 16.0 --- 43 & 44 30
35 20.2 7 44 & 45 54
36 21.4 19 45 & 46 53
37 34.1 35 46 & 47 31
38 9.7 3 47 & 48 51
39 24.0 28 48 & 49 78
qj Dewberry
Radius of N'ICaMder
lmits Belt Width
Cur<<itnre Wawlemgth
Mn Ft. 3.7 2.0 30.0
Mean Ft. 21.0 13.2 79.7
Max Ft. 69.4 36.0 247.0
Ractius of 1Icaoder
Belt Width
Cur?atuec aNdeii-th
Uv?its Ratio
Ratio Ratio
t S US US
n --- 0.3 0.2 2.5
L --- 1.8 1.1 6.6
--- 5.8 3.0 20.6
Continued
Curve Radius of
Curvature
40 12.8
41 21.1
42 19.5
43 10.7
44 24.2
45 10.5
46 13.5
47 10.8
48 31.5
49 14.3
xvll
• Pattern Measurements - South Fork of Cane Creek - Downstream of Tributary
Measurements Calculations
•
•
13a11kfull Stream N"a11cv
ithl) Lcn th Length Sinuosity
rt. 1?G rt+
15.0 4586.4 3588.5 1.28

C'urw Radius of

C urAature
13c1tNN'idth
Cttr%es Nican(lr

Wawlellgth
38 9.666792 3 47 & 48 51
39 24.0 28 48 & 49 78
40 12.8 10 49 & 50 88
41 21.1 31 50 & 51 55
42 19.5 4 51 & 52 45
43 10.7 81 52 & 53 ---
44 24.2 45 53 & 54 163
45 10.5 10 54 & 55 114
46 13.5 13 55 & 56 102
47 10.8 10 56 & 57 138
48 31.5 15 57 & 58 ---
49 14.3 21 59 & 60 257
50 30.2 94 60 & 61 264
51 27.1 4 61 & 62 51
52 8.0 6 62 & 63 60
53 39.3 9 63 & 64 109
54 61.5 11 64 & 65 82
55 48.7 4 65 & 66 20
56 13.7 --- 66 & 67 32
57 43.2 10 67 & 68 20
58 43.2 2 68 & 69 23
59 9.1 --- 69 & 70 15
60 28.9 --- 70 & 71 53
61 41.4 18 71 & 72 73
62 24.7 5 72 & 73 60
63 50.6 5 73 & 74 93
64 12.9 2 75 & 76 40
65 7.2 5 77 & 78 132
66 18.3 4 79 & 80 40
67 7.1 4 80 & 81 64
68 7.1 4 81 & 82 85
69 8.1 10 82 & 83 144
70 39.3 20 83 & 84 122
71 33.6 3 84 & 85 29
72 25.8 --- 85 & 86 58
73 30.2 24 86 & 87 ---
74 43.0 9 90 & 91 ---
75 11.7 26 91 & 92 50
76 4.2 8 92 & 93 ---
77 39.0
Dewberry
Gus Of
Ra
( Meand er
T
I Belt 1Nidth
.
,
,
yahne Wavrlength
Mtn Ft. 4.2 2.0 15.0
Mean Ft. 22.4 15.9 82.6
Max Ft. 74.0 94.0 264.0
Radius of e Meander
Belt \Victth
CurN.YYure. «'awlell-th
O nus Ratio
Ratio Ratio
DS DS US
Min --- 0.3 0.1 1.0
Mean --- 1.5 1.1 5.5
Max --- 4.9 6.3 17.6
Continued

Curer Rachus of

Curvature
78 74.0
79 10.2
80 20.8
81 7.0
82 10.4
83 42.7
84 7.1
85 5.8
86 21.0
87 8.3
88 7.6
89 8.5
90 5.2
91 16.0
92 11.0
93 40.8
Will
• Appendix C-4: Project Site Profile Data
Summary of Profile Measurements - South Fork of Cane Creek - Existing
Prafde Parameter UnitS Min mean Max Min Mean Max

Reach Name Above UT to
South Fork to
Cane Creek Below UT to
South Fork to
Cane Creek
Bankfull Width, WBKF 13.5 19.6
Banldull Depth, DBKF 1.6 1.5
L.Pool Spacing, LPs ft 19.1 137.4 509.0 34.7 223.6 894.5
P.S.Ratio, Lps i WBKF 1.4 10.2 37.6 1.8 11.4 45.5
Pool Width, Wp ft 10 15 20 10 20 30
P.W. Ratio, WPi WBKF 0.74 1.11 1.48 0.51 1.02 1.53
Pool Depth, Dp ft 2.1 2.2 2.6 1.8 2.3 2.8
P.D. Ratio, Dp/ DBKF 1.3 1.3 1.6 1.2 1.5 1.9
Channel Length, Uh 2170.5 1892.4
Valley Length, Lvai 1929.6 1445.4
Sinuosity, K 1.12 1.31
•
r ?
til ?J
Dewberry xlx
• Appendix C-5: Project Site Pebble Count Data
Pebble Count - Existing Conditions
Max
r?
U
Particle mm * UsR UsR2 UsP DsR DsR2 DsP DsP2
Silt/Clay 0.061 S/C 26 14 23 19 17 29 25
Very Fine 0.125 8 4 10 9 4 15 12
Fine 0.25 _0 9 1 7 9 3 10 2
Medium 0.5 m 3 1 4 8 1 6 2
Coarse 1 cn 6 3 3 3 5 7 3
Very Coarse 2 4 3 2 5 1 5 5
Very Fine 4 6 6 4 7 14 7 10
Fine 5.7 5 4 9 7 3 7 2
Fine 8 11 6 5 9 9 1 8
Medium 11.3 7 6 10 11 7 2 7
Medium 16 L 2 6 5 11 6 1 6
Coarse 22.6 1 1 8 8 3 2 5
Coarse 32 5 1 3 3 0 1 1
Very Coarse 45 2 1 3 3 0 2 2
Very Coarse 64 1 3 2 7 0 2 2
Small 90 2 1 0 2 2 0 2
Small 128 - 0 2 0 1 2 1 1
Large 180 0 0 3 1 1 12 0 1
Large 256 1 0 1 2 6 0 1
Small 362 L 0 2 0 3 0 1 1
Small 512 -Oa 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
Medium 1024 0
m 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
Large - V Lrg 2048 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bedrock 2100 Roc 0 1 0 1 5 0 1
Total 100 70 100 130 100 100 100 270 430 1400
S/C S/C S/C 0.06 S/C S/C S/C
1.0 5.7 4.0 5.7 8.0 0.3 4.0
11.3 64.0 22.6 32.0 180.0 5.7 22.6
ID84
C]
Us =Upstream, Ds =Downstream, R = Riffle, P = Pbol, # = feature number, & T= Total
Dewberry
2.0 W2O S/C
4.0 4.0
22.6 22.6
XX
0
•
0
100%
90%
80%
R
L 70%
d
60%
50%
R 40%
7
30%
V
20%
0
10%
0%
Existing Conditions - S.Fork of Cane Creek
Above Tributary
0 1 10 100 1000 10000
Particle Size (mm)
100%
90%
c 80%
t
i 70%
d
60%
50%
3 40%
30%
V
e 20%
10%
0%
Existing Conditions - S.Fork of Cane Creek
Below Tributary
0 1 10 100 1000 10000
Particle Size (mm)
Aft
Dewberry xxl
•
•
n
U
Existing Conditions - S.Fork of Cane Creek
100%
90%
c 80%
L 70%
d
60%
U.
50%
40%
30%
V
0 20%
10%
0%
0 1 10 100
Particle Size (mm)
1000 10000
f Dewberry
XXII
• Appendix C-6: Project Site Pavement/Subpavement Data
Summary of Pavement/Subpavement Data
SeiNe Size or
Number- Particle Size
(nun) PaN lnent
Percent Finer Than Sul4kivrment
Percent Finer Than
2.0" 50.000 100.00/0 100.00/0
1.5" 37.500 95.2% 92.5%
1.0" 25.000 86.6% 88.7%
.75" 19.000 83.3% 81.4%
.50" 12.500 68.5% 71.4%
.375' 9.500 59.2% 64.9%
#4 4.750 48.4% 57.7%
#10 2.000 36.6% 49.0%
#30 0.600 20.5% 33.5%
#40 0.425 14.0% 25.9%
#60 0.250 8.3% 17.0%
#200 0.075 3.8% 7.
•

Dewberry XXIII
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• Appendix C-7: Project Site BEHI Data Sheets
is
•
Summary
Xsecs "'o Criteria
1 4% Low
8 31% Moderate
16 62% High
1 4% Very High
1110% Total
Individual Cross-Section Data
Xsec ## bdes Criteria
1 34.4 High
2 24.8 Moderate
3 21.6 Moderate
4 28.7 Moderate
5 33.1 High
6 40.2 Very High
7 18.0 Low
8 29.7 Hi
9 34.3 High
10 28.2 Moderate
11 28.1 Moderate
12 27.2 Moderate
13 35.0 High
14 36.8 High
15 34.3 High
16 30.2 High
17 32.1 High
18 39.3 High
19 37.3 High
20 28.9 Moderate
21 26.4 Moderate
22 34.5 High
23 30.8 High
24 30.8 High
25 36.1 High
26 31.0 High
1N ;;. 31.2 High
Dewberry
XXVI
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• Appendix D: Reference Reach Information
C7
U
Dewberry LIII
0 Appendix D-1: Reference Site Dimension Data
Summary of Dimension Measurements
•
•
Dimension Parameter Units Ref. Reach 1
Reach Name Unamed Trib
to Cane Creek
Stream Type E4b
Drainage Area ml 0.99
Bankfull X-Sec. Area, ABKF fe 11.6
Bankfull Width, WBKF ft 11.6
BanMll Mean Depth, DBKF ft 1.0
Width/Depth, WBKF / DBKF 11.6
Bankfull Max Depth, DmAx ft 1.4
DmAx / DBKF 1.4
W. Flood Prone Area, WFPA ft 41.3
Entrenchment, WFPA / WBKF 3.5
Bank Height Ratio, BHR 1.0
Bankfull Discharge, QBKF cfs 50
Bankfull Velocity, VBKF Vs 4.3
Dewberry
LIV
• Existing Dimension Conditions - Reference: Unnamed Tributary to Cane Creek
Riffles afin Nlean Max
Bankfull Area 9.3 Ft. 11.6 Ft. 13.2 Ft.
Bankfull Width 10.1 Ft. 11.6 Ft. 13.1 Ft.
Width / Depth 10.7 11.7 14.0
FPA Area 25.8 Ft? 47.1 Ft? 59.6 Ft?
FPA Width 23.7 Ft. 41.3 Ft. 60.0 Ft.
Entrenchment Ratio 2.0 4.2 5.9
Mean Depth 0.9 Ft. 1.0 Ft. 1.1 Ft.
Max De th 1.0 Ft. 1.4 Ft. 1.9 Ft.
Bank Height Ratio 1.0 Ft. 1.0 Ft. 1.0 Ft.
•
•
Mee Ysec 3 Xsee 9 \sec 18
R1 R 2 R3 R 7
11.8 Ft. 13.2 Ft. 12.3 Ft. 9.3 Ft.
11.2 Ft. 12.2 Ft. 13.1 Ft. 10.1 Ft.
10.7 11.2 14.0 10.9
51.2 Ft. 51.6 Ft. 25.8 Ft. 59.6 Ft.
24 Ft. 50 Ft. 31 Ft. 60 Ft.
4.5 4.3 2.0 5.9
1.1 Ft. 1.1 Ft. 0.9 Ft. 0.9 Ft.
1.5 Ft. 1.9 Ft. 1.0 Ft. 1.2 Ft.
1.0 Ft. 1.0 Ft. 1.0 Ft. 1.0 Ft.
Dewberry Lv
• Appendix D-2: Reference Site Pattern Data
Summary of Pattern Measurements
Pattern Parameter Units 21h) flax

Reach Name Unnamed
Tributary to
Cane Creek
Meander Length, LM ft 43.3 46.2
M.L.Ratio, LM/ WBKF 3.8 4.1
Radius of Curvature, RC ft 9.4 81.2
RC Ratio, RC I WBKF 0.8 7.1
Belt Width, WBLT ft 19.1 41.2
BW Ratio, WBLT / WBKF 1.7 3.6
•
•
Dewberry LVI
• Pattern Measurements - Unnamed Tributary to Cane Creek
•
•
Measurements
Bankfult
Stream ?'alle
??`idth ? Sinuosity
l,eu-th Lenhtll `
fFt.)
11.4 459.5 424.4 1.08
Radius of
C u rve
Curvature
# (Ft.)
1 9.4
2 31.3
3 81.2
4 30.0
Belt Nleauder
Curves
NVidth: Nbavelength
#'s (Ft.) (Ft.)
1 &2 41.2 43.3
3&4 19.1 46.2
Calculations
F Radius of Belt tileauder
ils
Curvature Width Waveleugth
Mean Ft. 38.0 30.2 44.8
Minimum Ft. 9.4 19.1 43.3
Maximum Ft. 81.2 41.2 46.2
Radius of Belt Meander
F its Curvature Width XVINeien1-th
Ratio Ratio Ratio
Mean --- 3.3 2.6 3.9
Minimum --- 0.8 1.7 3.8
Maximum --- 7.1 3.6 4.1
Dewberry
LVII
• Appendix D-3: Reference Site Profile Data
•
•
Summary of Profile Measurements
Profile Parameter Units Min Max
Reach Name Unnamed Trib. t
Cane Creek
L.Pool Spacing, L p. ft --- ---
P.S.Ratio,L s/WBKF 1.17 3.40
Pool Width, W ft --- ---
P.W. Ratio, W / WBKF 0.91 1.34
Pool Depth, D ft --- ---
P.D. Ratio, Dp / DBKF 0.06 0.10
Channel Length, Lch 459.5
Valley Length, Lve, 424.4
Sinuosity, K 1.08
Pool Slope, SP 0.0173
Channel Slope, Sch 0.0216
Pool Slope Ratio, SP i Sch 0.804
IV"ft Dewberry
LVIII
• Existing Profile Conditions - Unnamed Tributary to Cane Creek
•
C:

Riffle
Xsec
(length Lei/
NN 61?1?
Nb'idth NN"/

136f
Depth 1)k 11
D61?P
Slope Riffle to
Riffle Riffle to
Pool
(ft.) (ft.) (ft.) (ft./ft.) (ft.) (ft.)
1 1 11.8 1.03 11.2 0.99 1.0 1.19 --- 21.4 ---
2 3 13.2 1.16 12.2 1.07 1.1 1.23 0.036 68.6 ---
3 9 9.1 0.80 12.7 1.12 0.7 0.81 0.027 38.9 49.9
4 10 11.7 1.02 15.7 1.38 0.7 0.84 0.033 16.2 ---
5 11 12.0 1.06 11.9 1.05 1.0 1.15 0.031 10.3 ---
6 12 8.0 0.70 10.9 0.95 0.7 0.83 0.034 65.5 ---
7 17 --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.032 26.7 21.6
8 18 9.3 0.82 10.1 0.88 0.9 1.05 0.030 132.4 ---
9 24 --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.024 79.5 84.0
10 31 11.7 1.03 16.1 1.41 0.7 0.83 0.024 --- 28.7
Min 8.0 0.70 10.1 0.88 0.7 0.81 0.024 10.3 21.6
Mean
::: 10.9 0.95 12.6 1.11 0.9 0.99 0.030 51.1 46.1
,M%
ax 13.2 1.16 16.1 1.41 1.1 1.23 0.036 132.4 84.0
Pools

Pool
?sec
Lem?th
Cyr /
NN I1KP
Width
Wp (
BKP
Depth `
DDp /
RhP
Slope
Pool To
pool
(ft.) (ft.) (ft.) (ft./ft.) (ft.)
1 5 14.8 1.17 11.5 0.91 1.2 0.10 --- ---
2 14 35.0 2.78 11.9 0.95 0.8 0.06 0.029 159.0
3 21 42.8 3.40 12.6 1.00 1.31 _ 0.10 0.014 96.7
4 26 28.1 2.23 15.4 1.22 1.1 0.09 --- 118.2
5 28 16.6 1.32 16.9 1.34 1.0 0.08 0.009 16.6
Min 14.8 1.17 11.5 0.91 0.8 0.06 0.009 16.6
Mean 27.5 2.18 13.7
L 1.09 1.1 0.09 0.017 97.6
Max 42.8 3.40 16.9 1.34 1.3 0.10 0.029 159.0
If Dewberry
LIX
• Appendix D-4: Reference Site Pebble Count Data
Pebble Count - Reference Reach
Max
•
Particle MM R P
Silt/Clay 0.061 S/C 8 20
Very Fine 0.125
Fine 0.25 7 13
Medium 0.5 2 18 12
Coarse 1 12 4
Very Coarse 2 1 3
Very Fine 4 1
Fine 5.7 3 1
Fine 8 2
Medium 11.3 a, 9 4
Medium 16 4 6
Coarse 22.6 4 3
Coarse 32 2 1
Very Coarse 45 3
Very Coarse 64 6 7
Small 90 5 5
Small 128 4 6
Large 180 0 Pq 10
Large 256 4
Small 362 L 1
Small 512 1
Medium 1024 m
Large - V Lrg 2048
Bedrock 2100 Roc
Total 100 100 0 0 0 :6] r 200
16 FS7M
50 •
-TT-128 F4
84
•
Dewberry
LX
•
•
•
100%
90%
80%
70%
L
d
= 60%
LL
50%
'yr
40%
E
V 30%
20%
10%
0%
S.Fork of Cane Creek - Reference Reach Riffles
0 1 10 100 1000 10000
Particle Size (mm)
100%
90%
= 80%
R
70%
L
N
= 60%
LL
v
4) 50%
40%
E
V 30%
° 20%
10%
0%
S.Fork of Cane Creek - Reference Reach Pools

0 1 10 100 1000 10000
Particle Size (mm)
%Ip Dewberry LXI
•
•
•
S.Fork of Cane Creek - Reference Reach
100%

90% - -

80%

ca
70%
L

= 60%
ii
0%
5
40%

E
V 30%

20%

10%

0%

0 1 10 100 1000 10000
Particle Size (mm)
Dewberry
LXII
Appendix D-5: Reference Site Land Use/Land Cover Map
•
C]
Dewberry LXIII
• Appendix D-6: Reference Watershed Soils Map
•
0
I ON
I
Dewberry LXIV
• Appendix D-7: Reference Watershed Soils - Hydrologic Soil Group Map
•
U
Dewberry Lxv
0 Appendix D-8: Reference Reach Photographs
•
U
Dewberry LXVI
r1
n
U
•
e Dewberry
Appendix E: Restoration Plant Materials
LXVII
Appendix E-1: NC SRI Plant List
This list is published by the NC Stream Restoration Institute as a collection of native plants suitable
for planting on stream restoration projects in the Piedmont Region of North Carolina.
1r
u
•
FIZF S SiM AI-I."1 RFES/SIIRU13S 111{RBACI'nUS
Betula nigra Acerfloridanum Arisaema triphyllum
river birch southern sugar maple jack-in-the-pulpit
Carya cordiform is Aesculus sylvatica Asclepias incarnata
bitternut hickory painted buckeye swam milkweed
Carya ovata AInus serrulata Carex crinata
shagbark hickory tag alder fringed sedge
Celtis laevigata Amelanchier arborea Carex intumescens
sugarberry serviceberry bladder sedge
Celtis laevigata Aronia arbutifolia Carex lupulina
sugarberry red chokeberry ho sedge
Diospyros virginiana Asimina triloba Carex lurida
persimmon common pawpaw lurid sedge
Fraxinus pennsylvanica Calycanthus floridus Carex scoparia
green ash sweet-shrub broom sedge
Nyssa sylvatica Carpinus caroliniana Carex stricta
black um ironwood tussock sedge
Platanus occidentalis Cephalanthus occidentalis Carex vulpinoidea
sycamore buttonbush fox sedge
Prunus serotina Cornus aItem ifolia Chelone glabra
black cherry alternate leaf dogwood turtlehead
Quercus michauxii Cornus amomum Cyperus strigosus
swam chestnut oak silk dogwood umbrella sedge
Quercus nigra Corylus americana Elymus hystrix
water oak hazel-nut bottlebrush grass
Quercus shumardii Hibiscus moscheutos Eupatorium perfoliatum
shumard oak marsh mallow boneset
Salix nigra Ilex decidua Impatiens capensis
black willow deciduous holly jewel-weed
Tilia heterophylla Ilex verticillata Juncus effusus
white basswood winter berry soft rush
Itea virginica Leersia oryzoides
Virginia willow rice cut grass
Leucothoe axillaris Lobelia cardinalis
do hobble cardinal flower
Lindera benzoin Ludwigia alternifolia
s icebush bush seedbox
Lyonia ligustrina Panicum virgatum
male-berry switch grass
Magnolia tripetala Polygonum sagittatum
umbrella tree tearthumb
Morus rubra Scirpus atrovirens
red mulberry green bulrush
Physocarpus opulifolius Scirpus cyperinus
ninebark wool grass
Rhododendron periclymenoides Scirpus validus
wild azalea soft stem bulrush
SMALL IWES'/SHROBS Rhododendron viscosum Sparganium americanum
(continued) swam azalea bur-reed
Symplocos tinctoria Rosa palustris Thelypteris palustris
sweet leaf swam rose marsh fern
Viburnum cassinoides Salix sericea Uniola latifolia
withe-rod silk willow river oats
Viburnum dentatum Staphylea trifolia Vernonia noveboracensis
southern arrow-wood bladdernut ironweed
Xanthorhiza simplicissima Stewartia malacodendron
yellow-root silk camellia
Dewberry
LXVIII
• Appendix E-2: Typical Restoration Cross-Sections
r?
•
Dewberry LXIX
• Appendix E-3: Restoration Plan Sheets

•
Ifo Dewberry Lxx
• Appendix E-4: Restoration Details
is
•
Dewberry LXXI
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• Appendix D: Reference Reach Information
•

ff'ft Dewberry LIII
• Appendix D-1: Reference Site Dimension Data
•

Summary of Dimension Measurements
Dimension Parameter Units Ref: Reach 1
Reach Name Unamed Trb
to Cane Creek
Stream Type EJlk
Drainage Area mi 0.99
Bankfull X-Sec. Area, ABKF fe 11.6
Bankfull Width, WBKF ft 11.6
Bankfull Mean Depth, DBKF ft 1.0
Width/Depth, WBKF / DBKF 11.6
Bankfull Max Depth, DmAx ft 1.4
DmAx / DBKF 1.4
W. Flood Prone Area, WFPA ft 41.3
Entrenchment, WFPA / WBKF 3.5
Bank Height Ratio, BHR 1.0
Bankfull Discharge, QBKF cfs 50
Bankfull Velocity, VBKF Vs 4.3
Dewberry
LIV
• Existing Dimension Conditions - Reference: Unnamed Tributary to Cane Creek
Riffles Mill Mean Aias
Bankfull Area 9.3 Ft. 11.6 Ft. 13.2 Ft.
Bankfull Width 10.1 Ft. 11.6 Ft. 13.1 Ft.
Width / Depth 10.7 11.7 14.0
FPA Area 25.8 Ft? 47.1 Ft? 59.6 Ft?
FPA Width 23.7 Ft. 41.3 Ft. 60.0 Ft.
Fntrenchment Ratio 2.0 4.2 5.9
Mean Depth 0.9 Ft. 1.0 Ft. 1.1 Ft.
Max De th 1.0 Ft. 1.4 Ft. 1.9 Ft.
Bank Height Ratio 1.0 Ft. 1.0 Ft. 1.0 Ft.
•
r?
\sec I \sec 3 \sec 9 \sec 18
R1 R2 R3 R7
11.8 Ft. 13.2 Ft. 12.3 Ft. 9.3 Ft.
11.2 Ft. 12.2 Ft. 13.1 Ft. 10.1 Ft.
10.7 11.2 14.0 10.9
51.2 Ft? 51.6 Ft? 25.8 Ft? 59.6 Ft?
24 Ft. 50 Ft. 31 Ft. 60 Ft.
4.5 4.3 2.0 5.9
1.1 Ft. 1.1 Ft. 0.9 Ft. 0.9 Ft.
1.5 Ft. 1.9 Ft. 1.0 Ft. 1.2 Ft.
1.0 Ft. 1.0 Ft. 1.0 Ft. 1.0 Ft.
Dewberry Lv
9 Appendix D-2: Reference Site Pattern Data
Summary of Pattern Measurements
Pattern Parameter Units N'lin 1-7ax

Reach Name Unnamed
Tributary to
Cane Creek
Meander Length, LM ft 43.3 46.2
M.L.Ratio, LM / WBKF 3.8 4.1
Radius of Curvature, Rc ft 9.4 81.2
RC Ratio, Rc i WBKF 0.8 7.1
Belt Width, WELT ft 19.1 41.2
BW Ratio, WBLT / WBKF 1.7 3.6
0
•
Aft
Dewberry Lv1
0 Pattern Measurements - Unnamed Tributary to Cane Creek
Nicasurements
Bankfull
Stream Valle
-
NN'idth ?

h
Len?( h
Len -t
;t
(Ft.)
11.4 459.5 424.4 1.08
Radius of
Curve
C u rv ature
# (Ft.)
1 9.4
2 31.3
3 81.2
4 30.0
Belt Meander
Curves
N'Vidth WaNelength
#'s (Ft.) (Ft.)
1 &2 41.2 43.3
3&4 19.1 46.2
0
•
Calculations
F Radius of Belt ilicander
1 IL its Curvature Width Wavelength
Mean Ft. 38.0 30.2 44.8
Minimum Ft. 9.4 19.1 43.3
Maximum Ft. 81.2 41.2 46.2
Radius of Belt Meander
F its Curvature Width Waveleii-th
Ratio Ratio Ratio
Mean --- 3.3 2.6 3.9
Minimum --- 0.8 1.7 3.8
Maximum --- 7.1 3.6 4.1
Dewberry
LVII
0 Appendix D-3: Reference Site Profile Data
•
•
Summary of Profile Measurements
Profile Parameter- Units Min Max

Reach Name Unnamed Trib. to
Cane Creek
(Reference)
L.Pool Spacing, L,,, ft --- ---
P.S.Ratio, L s/WBKF 1.17 3.40
Pool Width, W ft --- ---
P.W. Ratio, W /WBKF 0.91 1.34
Pool Depth, D ft ---
P.D. Ratio, Dp / DBKF 0.88 1.51
Channel Length, LCh 459.5
Valley Length, LVal 424.4
Sinuosity, K 1.08
Pool Slope, SP 1.7%
Channel Slope, SCh 2.2%
Pool Slope Ratio, SP / SCh 0.804
fro" Dewberry
LVIII
Existing Profile Conditions - Unnamed Tributary to Cane Creek
•
•
Ri flle Asec Le
m„ th Lis !

WBKI N'1 ictth N1 k /

WBKF Uepxh Ilia

DBKF Slope !riffle to

Riffle Riffle to

Pool
ft ft (ft. ft./ft ft ft
1 1 11.8 0.94 11.2 0.89 1.0 0.08 --- 21.4 ---
2 3 13.2 1.05 12.2 0.97 1.1 0.09 0.036 68.6 ---
3 9 9.1 0.72 12.7 1.01 0.7 0.06 0.027 38.9 49.9
4 10 11.7 0.92 15.7 1.25 0.7 0.06 0.033 16.2 ---
5 11 12.0 0.96 11.9 0.95 1.0 0.08 0.031 10.3 ---
6 12 8.0 0.63 10.9 0.86 0.7 0.06 0.034 65.5 ---
7 17 --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.032 26.7 21.6
8 18 9.3 0.74 10.1 0.80 0.9 0.07 0.030 132.4 ---
9 24 --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.024 79.5 84.0
10 31 11.7 0.93 16.1 1.28 0.7 0.06 0.024 --- 28.7
Min 8.0 0.63 10.1 0.80 0.7 0.06 0.024 10.3 21.6
Mean 10.9 0.86 12.6 1.00 0.9 0.07 0.030 51.1 46.1
Max 13.2 1.05 16.1 1.28 1.1 0.09 0.036 132.4 84.0
Pools
Pool Asec l,en?;th 1_.1,

?I''RKP NN i(th
' NN 'N 11

1?13 Fl Depth 1)i,

DBKF. Slope Pool lo

Pool
ft. ft. ft ft./fL (f
1 5 14.8 1.17 11.5 0.91 1.2 1.42 --- ---
2 14 35.0 2.78 11.9 0.95 0.8 0.88 0.029 159.0
3 21 42.8 3.40 12.6 1.00 1.3 1.51 0.014 96.7
4 26 28.1 2.23 15.4 1.22 1.1 1.26 --- 118.2
5 28 16.6 1.32 16.9 1.34 1.0 1.17 0.009 16.6
Min 14.8 1.17 11.5 0.91 0.8 0.88 0.009 16.6
Mean 27.5 2.18 13.7 1.09 1.1 1.25 0.017 97.6
Max 42.8 3.40 16.9 1.34 1.3 1.51 0.029 159.0
Dewberry
LIX
• Appendix D-4: Reference Site Pebble Count Data
Pebble Count - Reference Reach
Max
•
Particle mm R P
Silt/Clay 0.061 S/C 8 20
Very Fine 0.125
Fine 0.25 _0 7 13
Medium 0.5 ccco 18 12 ,
Coarse 1 u) 12 4
Very Coarse 2 1 3
Very Fine 4 1
Fine 5.7 3 1
Fine 8 2
Medium 11.3 9 4
Medium 16 12 4 6
Coarse 22.6 CD 4 3
Coarse 32 2 1
Very Coarse 45 3
Very Coarse 64 6 7
Small 90 ? 5 5
Small 128 Z 4 6
Large 180 v 10 10
Large 256 4
Small 362 1
Small 512 1
Medium 1024 m
Large - V Lrg 2048
Bedrock 2100 Roc
Total 100 100 0 0 0 0 200
R16
50 8.0 4.01 1 1
84
fl •

Dewberry
LX

•
S.Fork of Cane Creek - Reference Reach Riffles
0 1 10 100 1000 10000
Particle Size (mm)
100%
90%
80%
?o
70%
L
d
= 60%
U.
50%
40%
E
V 30%
° 20%
10%
0%
100%
90%
80%
cc
70%
L
CD
60%
LL
> 50%
r
40%
7
E
v 30%
20%
10%
0%
S.Fork of Cane Creek - Reference Reach Pools
0 1 10 100
Particle Size (mm)
1000 10000
•
Dewberry
Ima
LXI

•
•
S.Fork of Cane Creek - Reference Reach

100%

90%
= 80%

w

F
L 70%

5 60% -
iL
--
> 50%
40% -

V 30% -

0
- -
-
20%
- ,
10%

0%
0 1 10 100 1000 10000
Particle Size (mm)
Ojai Dewberry
LXII
• Appendix D-5: Reference Site Land Use/Land Cover Map
•
L'
Dewberry LXIII
Appendix D-6: Reference Watershed Solis Map
Dewberry LXIV
Appendix D-7: Reference Watershed Soils - Hydrologic Soil Group Map
Dewberry l XV
Appendix D-8: Reference Reach Photographs
Dewberry Lxvl
r1
U
L--]
•
Dewberry
Appendix E: Restoration Plant Materials
LXVII
• Appendix E-1: NC SRI Plant List
This list is published by the NC Stream Restoration Institute as a collection of native plants suitable
for planting on stream restoration projects in the Piedmont Region of North Carolina.

L'
URFES S NiALI , TREES /S HRUBS 11, liAT O I is
Betula nigra Acerfloridanum Arisaema triphyllum
river birch southern sugar maple jack-in-the-pulpit
Carya cordiformis Aesculussylvatica Asclepias incarnata
bitternut hickory painted buckeye swam milkweed
Carya ovata Alnus serrulata Carex crinata
shagbark hickory tag alder fringed sedge
Celtis laevigata Amelanchier arborea Carex intumescens
sugarberry serviceberry bladder sedge
Celtis laevigata Aronia arbutifolia Carex lupulina
su arberry red chokeberry hop sed e
Diospyros virginiana Asimina triloba Carex lurida
persimmon common pawpaw lurid sedge
Fraxinus pennsylvanica Calycanthus floridus Carex scoparia
teen ash sweet-shrub broom sedge
Nyssa sylvatica Carpinus caroliniana Carex stricta
black um ironwood tussock sedge
Platanus occidentalis Cephalanthus occidentalis Carex vulpinoidea
sycamore buttonbush fox sedge
Prunus serotina Coryus alternifolia Chelone glabra
black cherry alternate leaf dogwood turtlehead
Quercus m ichauxii Coryus am om um Cyperus strigosus
swam chestnut oak silk dogwood umbrella sedge
Quercus nigra Corylus americana Elymus hystrix
water oak hazel-nut bottlebrush grass
Quercus shumardii Hibiscus moscheutos Eupatorium perfoliatum
shumardoak marsh mallow boneset
Salix nigra Ilex decidua Impatiens capensis
black willow deciduous holly jewel-weed
Tilia heterophylla Ilex verticillata Juncus effusus
white basswood winter berry soft rush
Itea virginica Leersia oryzoides
Virginia willow rice cut grass
Leucothoe axillaris Lobelia cardinalis
do hobble cardinal flower
Lindera benzoin Ludwigia alternifolia
s icebush bush seedbox
Lyonia ligustrina Panicum virgatum
male-berry switch grass
Magnolia tripetala Polygonum sagittatum
umbrella tree tearthumb
Morus rubra Scirpus atrovirens
red mulberry green bulrush
Physocarpus opulifolius Scirpus cyperinus
ninebark wool grass
Rhododendron periclymenoides Scirpus validus
wild azalea soft stem bulrush
SN1A1.1.'MITS/SHR1:11S Rhododendron viscosum Sparganium americanum
(continued) swam azalea bur-reed
Symplocos tinctoria Rosa palustris Thelypteris palustris
sweet leaf swam rose marsh fern
Viburnum cassinoides Salix sericea Uniola latifolia
withe-rod silk willow river oats
Viburnum dentatum Staphylea trifolia Vernonia noveboracensis
southern arrow-wood bladdernut ironweed
Xanthorhiza simplicissima Stewartia malacodendron
yellow-root silk camellia
Dewberry
LXVIII
• Appendix E-2: Typical Restoration Cross-Sections
Riffle Cross-Section
Cross Section 3 FeatureType Wfpa LBKF RBKF ELbkf Wbkf Dbkf W/D Abkf Dmax ER BHR
Existing Riffle E 32 0.0 12.0 600.00 12.0 1.22 9.8 14.7 1.9 2.7 1.0
Upstream Riffle
600
599
-- --f
598
0 4 8 12
Distance (ft)
•
Typical Section - Upstream Pool (Right Pool)
600
-

598
w

596

0 4 8 12
Distance (ft)
•
Dewberry Lxlx
• Downstream Riffle Cross-Section
Cross Section 3 Feature Type Wfpa LBKF RBKF ELbkf Wbkf Dbkf W/D Abkf Dmax ER BHR
Existing Riffle 35 0.5 15.5 600.00 15.0 1.56 9.6 23.3 2.35 2.3 1.0
•

Typical Section - Downstream Riffle
599 -
0
0
0
W
597
0 4 8 12 16
Distance (ft)
Downstream Riffle Cross-Section
Cross Section 3 Feature Type Wfpa LBKF RBKF ELbkf Wbkf Dbkf W/D Abkf Dmax ER BHR
Existing Pool 0.0 15.0 600.00 15.0 2.30 6.5 34.5 4.0 0.0 1.0
Typical Section - Downstream Pool (Left Pool)

600 /

598

10

596 --
0 5 10 15
Distance (ft)
Dewberry Lxx
S Appendix E-3: Restoration Plan & Profile Sheets
•
•
11 Dewberry Lxx1

D

B

t

2

3

4

5
NOTES /
'
/ / _ _ \ \? \ \
\
xR
- once to be removed and replaced I
by NRCS supplied and Installed fence,
I I / /
/
/
? r' \ \
\ \ \\ \

` \
2) Two cattle crossings will be Installed along
the main stem of the proJ4ct and three cattle I r
'

r \ \ \ \ \ \

\
\
crossings will be Installed dlong the unnamedI
tributary to the main steal I
i I
?o „_ \
\ \ \
\
\
\ \ \
\
\
3) The unnamed, tributary Is o be fenced by e
NRCS
? \
\
\
.
\
v
\
v
,
I 1 // v
v
v
v

-All 1z
A
8

.
?
'O vY,?.
///
? ° Ill 110 .ati /il?

?
-
/ ill ? ? ?` V,•
?? ? •?
,
,
--2010 (?-' ,
, ,
,
X -

ilt' vv a1 l
13
° \ ° °

Q
N

\\1 \ Proposed
- -
??\
\ ?
Cattl
`I ° ° o \
\\ \ \
e
\ \ C
rossing

1 U ream
Ok prodect-

a `r ?v l ! A a 0" ?

.
W
' 43
*
,
o ,
`
?, o
s:.ej 06 a y

0
/ V I J

EXISTING STREAM:
PROPOSED STREAM: - - - -
TOP OF BANK:
RIPARIAN ZONE (50' OFFSET FROM TOP OF BANK):
ESTIMATED NRCS FENCE LOCATION
ROCK CROSS VANE
ROOTWAD ?-
Dewberry
SOUTH FORK AT CANE
CREEK
STREAM RESTORATION
NORTH CAROLINA
ECOSYSTEM
ENHANCEMENT
PROGRAM
ALAMANCE COUNTY,
NORTH CAROLINA
SEAL
HEY PLAN
REVISIONS
DRAWN BY JU
APPROVED BY KA
CHECHEDBY KA
DATE SEPTEMBET21,2M4
TITLE
Proposed Plan View
SCALE 1:80
PROJECT NO. 731049W
SHEET NO. 1 OF 7
H n O
4

E
/
NOTES,
17 xisting ante to be removed and replaced x
by NRCS supplied and Installed fence.
2) Two cattle crossings will be Installed along
the main stem of the prOJect and three cattle m/ \ / /
crossings will be Installed along the unnamed
tributary to the main stem. Ap_
The unnamed tributary Is to be fenced by the / / 1 / ry / / _. 0 \
X
Dewberry
JJJMA
0
Proposed
Crossing aO0 T??
01
01
O / Q
WIA
-
\ \
1 \
------------
4 RIPARIAN ZONE (50' OFFSET FROM TOP OF BANK),
EXISTING STREAM:
PROPOSED STREAM,
TOP OF BANK,
ESTIMATED NRCS FENCE LOCATION
ROCK CROSS VANE
ROOTWAD
-x-
SOUTH FORK AT CANE
CREEK
STREAM RESTORATION
NORTH CAROLINA
ECOSYSTEM
ENHANCEMENT
PROGRAM
ALAMANCE COUNTY,
NORTH CAROLINA
SEAL
KEY PLAN
No. DATE BY Description
REVISIONS
DRAWN BY .AI
APPROVED BY KA
CHECKED BY NA
DATE SEPTEMBBi21,2M4
TINE
?roposed Plan Viev
SCALE 1:80
PROJECT NO. 73104900
SHEET NO. 2 OF 7
Dewberry
SOUTH FORK AT CANE
CREEK
STREAM RESTORATION
NORTH CAROLINA
ECOSYSTEM
ENHANCEMENT
PROGRAM
ALAMANCE COUNTY,
NORTH CAROLINA
SEAL
NEY PLAN
REVISIONS
DRAWN BY JD
APPROVED BY KA
CHECKED BY KA
DATE SEPTEMBERYL2104
TITLE
Proposed Plan Viev
SCALE 1:80
PROJECT NO. 731049M
SHEET NO. 3 OF 7
1 7 4 A a

4
E

H
9
9
A
C
IV
1
1 I
r I
1 \

`I 1
\ ?.
\ NOTE ; , ?• , , /
\ \ \ ExistlIpppp fence to be removed and replaced
by NRCS supplied and installed fence,
\ cTwo cattle crossings will be installed along / f
\ the main seem of the project and three cattle
crossings wlq be Installed along the unnamed
Ilk tribdtary to\the main stem,'
3) The t1nnamed Ibutory Is to be `F?nced by the J/
\ NRCS, \ \ \ /
?11V?1?0
IX
Proposed
\7 \ 1 \ e- - - - -i r l,\ _ _ 1 I New - \ -
Culvert
\ _`_ / _ r j I ,1 l t k c Crossing \
Q o

`\\ \ ?kC
+ 0
o
----------
--- ----
4?__- 1 Vhf 's /I I

1P 7
I'
T11
EXISTING STREAM:
PROPOSED STREAM:
TOP OF BANK:
RIPARIAN ZONE (50' OFFSET FROM TOP OF BANK):
ESTIMATED NRCS FENCE LOCATION
ROCK CROSS VANE
ROOTWAD
-x-
n
Dewberry
SOUTH FORK AT CANE
CREEK
STREAM RESTORATION
NORTH CAROLINA
ECOSYSTEM
ENHANCEMENT
PROGRAM
ALAMANCE COUNTY,
NORTH CAROLINA
SEAL
KEY PLAN
No. DATE BY Description
REVISIONS
DRAWN BY JU
APPROVED BY KA
CHECKED BY NA
DATE SEPrEMBER21,2004
TRIE
Proposed Plan Viem
SCALE 1:80
PROJECT NO. 73104900
SHEET NO. 4 OF 7

F_ 61+
E
1?
1
e3

NOTESI
x13 Istippp end ce to'be removed and replaced
by DIRCS suppliey?and Installed fence,
2) Two cattle cr 5ssings will be Installed along
/the main stets of the project and three cattle
crossing will be Installed along the unnamed
tribute to the main stem. r \ l? / / A v
3) he 4nnamed t utary is to/ be fenced by the
r S/ \
/
\ r
/
92 \ /for/ / ,\ ,,?\ \
n 1 \ \
p
CD ?-0 v -.//) I 1
vv r / / i / Proposed
/ r Cattle
/ Crossing k 4 - /
l
---------- - ~ 1 k \ \ - ?/ /
- --- -- ?? J? ?\ v A? V A ?? /? / ??l I
1 1 1 1 1/ (10/ l/, / f \ O l A\
?\ \ I I I / / / l0 ?I(/l 1/ C> \ \
v V ?(I / ?.~ (lIIIl 111 v A
I I I l ?V ? I ( I \ III /! ? ? ?? ? ? 1 t ? v ?
? I 1 ?I 11 ? ?II I? ? ? I ? I ? I/)t ? Ill ?l V A\ V ? ? ? ?
MAT MI
1 I I 11(1 I I I - / \\ ?
EXISTING STREAM:
PROPOSED STREAM: -
TOP OF BANK:
RIPARIAN ZONE (50' OFFSET FROM TOP OF BANK):
ESTIMATED NRCS FENCE LOCATION >
ROCK CROSS VANE
ROOTWAD H'°
Dewberry
SOUTH FORK AT CANE
CREEK
STREAM RESTORATION
NORTH CAROLINA
ECOSYSTEM
ENHANCEMENT
PROGRAM
ALAMANCE COUNTY,
NORTH CAROLINA
SEAL
KEY PLAN
i _1_
No. DATE BY Description
REVISIONS
DRAWN BY J3
APPROVED BY KA
CHECKED BY NA
DATE SEPTEMBER21.2004
TrrLE
Proposed Plan View
SCALE 1:80
PROIECf NO. 73104900
SHEET NO. 5 OF 7
1 7 12
A e

I
•
E
_
NOTES,
z ExIstin nce to be oved and ela '
! ( I{ I 1 byy NRC suPP ?6aHed f€n \ \
ked
p Tro\ cattle cr sIngs rill be Installs aloni,0 \ _ 1 ?-
/ he main of ji?e-p"Ject and three cae
/ ! I r I 1 s rill installed `along the unnah d \ - ` - a
! I I , t Y -o the main 3ten` 0/ _
/ The urname? tFibutary_Is_t ?q "hce2l by they - - ?ID --
\ ? /
NRGS, o/ v r
7*
/ \ ---- - \
111
10, s' -§ o? \ ?
A v i? \
r ?? " t? h1 3+00? ? \
+ 3 / (V
P
III L
=Q =' ? %,?? 1 1111
\ 1 X\ {/i/ i ' V? I I I
RC / /
A; 0
i
\ / 1? ?'?/ v v v V 0 r
Awy
1(
0
EXISTING STREAM;
PROPOSED STREAM
TOP OF BANK;
RIPARIAN ZONE (50' OFFSET FROM TOP OF BANK);
ESTIMATED NRCS FENCE LOCATION
ROCK CROSS VANE
ROOTWAD
-z-
Dewberry
SOUTH FORK AT CANE
CREEK
STREAM RESTORATION
NORTH CAROLINA
ECOSYSTEM
ENHANCEMENT
PROGRAM
ALAMANCE COUNTY,
NORTH CAROLINA
SEA
HEY PL4N
REWSH)NS
DRAWN BY JD
APPROVED BY RA
CHECKED BY RA
DATE SEPTEMBER 21.2004
TRIE
?roposed Plan Viem
SCALE 1;80
PROJECT NO. 7310490D
SHEET NO. 6 OF 7
r?
I
4
E
41 RIPARIAN ZONE (50' OFFSET FROM TOP OF BANK),

9
12
~` -- mw_
36+00
\ r -WD
0,87 1
_ Qt Propose I I \ \ _ 7
?z"O XX Ill I Cattle 111 O
???\r5v Crasskr?0
10 / / I h 1 11 _ / / II
i \ lo' 39+0d
v
?z `e71. ? \ \ \ \
EXISTING STREAM:
PROPOSED STREAM:
TOP OF BANK:
ESTIMATED NRCS FENCE LOCATION
ROCK CROSS VANE
ROOTWAD

I J
NOTES,
Existing ence to be removed and replace
by NRCS supplied and Installed fence,
2) Two cattle crossings will be Installed along
the main stem of the project and three cattle
crossings will be Installed along the unnamed
tributary to the main stem.
3) The unnamed tributary Is to be fenced by the
NRCS.
Dewberry
SOUTH FORK AT CANE
CREEK
STREAM RESTORATION
NORTH CAROLINA
ECOSYSTEM
ENHANCEMENT
PROGRAM
ALAMANCE COUNTY,
NORTH CAROLINA
BE&
HEY PLAN
REVISIONS
DRAWN BY JU
APPROVED BY HA
CHECKEDBY HA
DATE S@fEMBERM,-3104
TBLE
Proposed Plan Viev
SCALE 1:80
PROJECT NO. 75104800
SHEEP NO. 7 OF 7
•
615
610
605
w
a
• ? 600
W
595
590
South Fork of Cane Creek - Longitudinal Profile
Priority Level 2 Priority Level I Priority Level 2
585 r
0
200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600 3800 4000 4200
Stream Station in feet from Upstream Project Limit
is ?
0 Appendix E-4: Restoration Details
•

Dewberry LXXX
0

•
1
3
NG
HE EHAHEL [Rn.EEE1lDM OF BANK n Acca[LAE t1D*T1
l-i- Mr N.
?FEICE 6 r[N [ i
J. M
MIr+.
\\ \ ` X ,Oa NEMICLEs
FOR 1 WVEN D[DExrILE
\\ CRmSCHG Cx.N.EL D CLASS
PARa,IDx M - o
FENCE 11 1111 ARE
ISOMETRIC VIEW 1., -1 FOR N w rLA,1EZ PRA Ax' PSOIL Ml-14P
ROT 10 SEA- 11MIN. FOR vENICLES ¢Oi Ex,ILES N]-163
uCE 25 OR
clA, F[u[D[xG w I>o
FENCE - E LONS,RJCTION SPECIFICATION MI-17o I r[
E vESTDCx EXCLUSION STANDARD <4- Nlx. - AGOa[GATE V[n?DTJ E c.v.
FOR MJNIMM rEAGE SETBACK VD N .CDEXTILE s.v.
ADDITIONAL 11 ---- .E. F w.v[ ACC[ss 10 .mN Sm[S Or s1a[AM [STACK CL.SS ] VOVLx GE01[%,ILE DA Es, LOx [A.
6A AGGREGATE fxDOTJ .E- a nULCWNG S.c.
EXISTING TOP OF e
unTlES a[n[Cr USE Dr
------ MIN R- CROSS SECTION naA_ AS A.
111T TO ,CALF, RCAM RDDSIxG,lly .nn[
C-S.- No
NOTES 1. -TEND OEGYT I AND AGGREGATE AC LIV[i,OCN A-.
AND CONSTRUCT RAMP OPPOSITE SIDE WHERE AAxEL
STREAN CROSSING ID NEEDED.
PI SECTION FENCE LOCATIONZ ON THE I- - BE 1101 10 S-11 x iACC DANCETV ONL I
SPECIFICATION
Ml-LS6. SEEDING. OR SHALL BE DTAHILI[EO V1,1 AGGREWrE.
OR PLACE. AT LEAST le -I :"O"'.'?7ID."?TE
AN" SPREAD 11 THAT ITI 1"' - HOT ARE. OR F A 'A DZ:.NG EWCAt[ AxD[b DE SLOOES O 5 PARTM[xT O GaICVLTUaE
E
D
C
B
A
III IIF I,, G, I, IT
w f
PLACE GRAVEL SALVAGED
FROM EXIIinS STREAM
OR U ST ST WI HEADER ROCKS
(2' BY 3' BY 4' DIAMETER)

D

GAPV SIDE
ON UPSTREAM
N GAPS
A IN GAPS
OF CROSS VAN(
BANNFLLL / 1.1 OF BANK
EXTEND SILL INTO
BANK AT LEAST 2' OR I STONE
MINIMUM BEYOND BAN ANKFULL WIDTH
y11
R
*
!:
TTI GS
?ICIJI
1
D
1 '
Y
KDOGWOOD OR
ROOTED CUTTINGS FW ?
?
BLAVILLOVI
SILKY BDGWmD pR ON Ao PROM. 2' SPACING
BLACK WILLOW
' FETTER RICKS
APPRO%. 2
SPACING
ON

(2' BY 3' BY 4' TYPICAL DIMENSIONS

)
2
PLAN
NOT 10 SCALE
NOTE: ROCK CROSS VANE IS TO BE CENTERED IN THE CHANNEL WITH HEADER ROCKS AS CLOSE TO EACH OTHER
AS POSSIBLE AT THE UPSTREAM SIDE TO FORCE WATER OVER AND NOT AROUND THEM.
ROOTED CUTTINGS
U'ILKY DOGWOOD OR ROOTED CUTTINGS
?
ON APPROX. U[ZLOPACIxG
'
BLACK WILLOW)
J BANKFULL DN APPRDK. SPACING
t'
GROUND ELEVATION ?
ELEVATION
TOP ELEVATION OF HEADER ROCK
MIN. 05 FEET ABOVE BANKFULL GROUND ELEVATION
I
FOOTER ROCKS
TOP OF CENTER STONES AT PROFILE ELEVATION
HEADER ROCKS
CROSS SECTION
NOl TO SCALE
FLOW
STREAMBED
GEOTER
HEADER ROCK-?
FATER ROX
SECTION !l-0."
MGT TO SCALE
ROCK CROSS VANE DETAILS
seats Be Sh.*ened
MGO[ Post
Dmin[son S• ILL.. CSH
be
mnetmccian
.1-
So rfec.
M[
Oyg
EN3
BIT. Z-A
eI-ea
M.mpe
bolo
Gw11ed
WbU
C..... Aggrmot.
Entl. al q..le,loe
he'R to M ,e
IM to lop
b..k aer
.1 PV A'dY STREAK
t. DR%H and ftAe
e . 1eN.ho the
robHk g
o.S3B.ntae6
J
STREAM CHANNEL CROSSING
(PARALLEL TO FLOW)
NOTES:
I) U.. 'B-1, A.oy' Imp Ae-. wl.dn.
Be, t- BIWA Slodord 576 tel dek111.
a) Shp. Fhm9e. amkg wwhl.lbe b ntl.
Uw'M-W to d.ommt Foe.NUMan -0..
5
Di-LA.
De
co n[1aeA
DLT.rt
..to,
4 d
m6`-g qrA fo he
bgR I,dIof.No. SlS IT
,el
w [1.IWm1 NWMOI
ANCHORING PIN DETAIL
4
\ eA.rh.?In.NANAN U.H
H .PI wmw z sPAwN Twit AN-s
?.?
NET rD unl r.
ROOT WAD _111 I0 CIITTIN'GS APPRDX 2' SPACING
BAN f O L VAi BDNLI!I
N N, DDA-16' LENGTH
?>•IIIVE RD01 COLLAR)
USE END BOULDER ONLY WHEN
Rmr uAD PLACID IN TILL
PROP. CHANNEL BED
LOOTER LOA
12 M01rI. IIAF" iALpc,TH J END BOULDER
SHARPEN END El BOLE VII'-CHAIN
SAW TO ALLOW LCG TO III 1EG
PUSHED INTO BANK. THEE IE IIININItING
DISTURBANCE
NOT TO SGIE
NOES
1. NEW BgNN IS NOT xDRMAL TO CHANNEL.
a. AU- BOULDERS ARE TO HAVE A MIN. DUE CT le ACHES
ROOT WAD - INSTAU-Anou NOTES
T., IteeI the 1111 rod -A-1 h.. Vpetrwm Io do.-MMem. OIL the llm.h Fd the NM AR- bq m
-I IA, 1. of DR bq 1, .I the - dthe pwp.eed 1l Rpcl o bogdm on the d.a-nrwm and of the
.ole lA, .o 11.111 I. le.-IN ArGet the log w the 61e, -, Mm the XM1Rmd.
2. al the bench Tor the -tUN A-most root.Dd roq PM INU tM kq tithe I- w lop 11 Ins boukm m
001 the l.d Ian md.e m fngb of epmoeTmalely ]0 le AO / to N. He .I Oml.r l'Re uPd 90 door... t1
the [... The bde (Gale) A IM root wd bq. wvn pw.a b MI. hmT. 111 n1.e the uL r41e- r tAm
1611.ol end. The 11, 1111. bole should be h.medLjol anal IN, edge of IM be,K TO IlnNt
of one eh -L A Nmq. k nd n.- for Iwo and II ?A R,m 14, ewiElp ehe,,A the ens AT the bde WIM1
..Mon ... to .[ow the 1, k be P.- info MM .H.e. he- th.-Y mini-" any -G,t c..
13i nMI.IM1Pbmenthe -ter D, In he 1- - I of 1lkbl mtiQ,wil i.Pnlb?Od+a ll eomlM pI-ep emdfoerel
lI ehoold mlwd bepnd roe coml. wd of III d.ot- Wlm loq) BI- . bo.%Z on the dow 1-rn
end of m.h I-Ge 19 ro Pot II le I..nby og.Net 0. log Ah K. eta. A.., Gum 11. Ph-1.
A. CI the Ue- ,d the dowelrwm Iwt Ana log w IMI IA. MAP. EA1-- the Iw - Im. 1. o,'-de"
.n. fen dbmd.r Intl the -11. If the Imo l.- A lppmnmour SO to sD degre. on iha antra me of me
donM .hd 90 hgrvve to the UP.. The.1..1 the rwl .N M0. Mm gored b ,he La-1,. ddl now the ool
Rq I0- Inm IM root and The tee 11 Ine bde tholld b, Imnedldely under the ed,. of The to. lull 11.11 of
the - -e1.
5. R.pe.l d.p. 3 lhN.,A a I.. dw.bwm tlgwlbn _NU 14 .,PPdh,T bend 1. aR-gde.
fi. U.. wash bpd, 1r I Lo ph. any hde. b- N, kg, I. .- the b-fe.d XK Iron M11, -11
the Chw-eL EHkGH the mw hMind the and wAd -0-1 Rk the D.n.h b rhl:h the rm .1d Tog h, III ,d.
Ploee .boulder on top .I IM A.mgROm dde of the .ol M
Noh: IN. use of . boel Ye. R Noe, M1. abh . Tie hp.Ak t-b .minq Pe -et is 1--dea
I-- and a1U,G Pt q.wnma of d G,, oM bwlaeR. a Lrgbeel .hmall be Ne ed. Meg, m 1. t1R
elled?Rrce. M he lnwolldloh eRd- I N d.m.gr I11A1 IMI wtls Deus, .1Vioment .nog be wmded -,d
Iwt nne. l,pl-d t Ao .dditlwd wet to Me NCNRP.
PUNTING NDTE
Se, 'Plmt Ndebl, E,la' .ntl'monlNg Specnsdbns' w SMw, n AM 35
.
ROOT WAD TYPICAL DETAIL
CHANNEL SECTION AT CROSSING
(PERPENDICULAR TO FLOW)
tore Poet
J.5" Ill.. Ei.
C.e[ee Nggregebe
ming J
Pin EAR, too
Tm Nbll
STREAK I- I
Co.,. Aggeg.le MaM[i.g BID.
rl R: (J'0" D.-Gnu[,
V. [mm the DD
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OmWbkewNk4pdOn
by-4d11RESwsh®liq
qAtl-8'.
FILTER CLOTH OVERLAP DETAIL
Dewberry
SOUTH FORK ATCANE
CREEK
STREAM RESTORATION
NORTH CAROLINA
ECOSYSTEM
ENHANCEMENT
PROGRAM
ALAMANCE COUNTY,
NORTH CAROLINA
SEAL
KEY PLAN
No. DATE BY I DesuipCwN I
REVISIONS
DRAYIN BY JU
APPROVED BY ILA
CHECKED BY KA
DATE SEPTEMBER21,2004
TITLE
Restoration Detail
SCALE N.T.S
PROJECT NO. 73104900
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