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Weatherspoon CBE - Appendix C_20191230
Wood Environmental & Infrastructure Solutions, Inc. Wood Duke Energy Coal Combustion Residuals Management Program Weatherspoon Station Basin CAMA Closure Plan APPENDIX C - Engineering Evaluations and Analysis wood. March 28, 2019 Mr. Dale Smith Project Manager Duke Energy 526 South Church Street Charlotte, North Carolina 28202 Subject: Weatherspoon 1979 Ash Pond H&H Update Summary of Supporting H&H Analyses Duke Energy — WH Weatherspoon Steam Station Robeson County, North Carolina Wood E&IS Project No. 7812-19-0141 Dear Mr. Smith, As authorized by Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC (Duke Energy), Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions, Inc. (Wood E&IS) has revised the Hydraulic and Hydrologic analysis (H&H) based upon a full Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) rainfall event to determine if the ash basins located at the WH Weatherspoon Steam Station have sufficient capacity for the design storm with the current outlet conditions. Background Information The Weatherspoon Plant is located at 491 Power Plant Road near Lumberton, North Carolina. The Plant contained three retired coal-fired units that operated from 1949 until electricity generation from the coal-fired units ceased in 2011. In February 2012, the three coal-fired units were retired. Pumping to the basin (primarily stormwater) was terminated in 2012. Demolition of the Weatherspoon Plant was completed in 2016. The WH Weatherspoon Steam Plant is permanently retired from service and ash sluice flow is no longer discharged into the Ash Pond. The 1979 Ash Pond (ROBES-009) has been used to store coal combustion residuals (CCR) that were sluiced to and deposited into the holding and settling basin. The materials pumped to the basin primarily consisted of fly ash, bottom ash, coal slag, unburned coal, and stormwater from the plant. The ash basin is a single perimeter unit, with multiple internal units constructed for basin management and wastewater treatment. There are no longer any ash disposal Correspondence: Wood Environment &Infrastructure Solutions, Inc. 4021 Stirrup Creek Drive, Suite 100 Durham, North Carolina 27703 Tel (919) 381-9900 Fax (919)381-9901 0 Licensure NC Engineering F-1253 NC Geology C-247 Duke Energy March 28, 2019 Page 2 Weatherspoon Steam Station Weatherspoon 1979 Ash Pond H&H Update Wood E&IS Project No. 7812-19-0141 operations within the Ash Pond areas with the permanent retirement of the fossil generating units. The 1979 Ash Pond, herein referred to as the Ash Pond, is located east of the plant site which is adjacent to the Lumber River. From review of available historical descriptive information, this Ash Pond has a surface area of about 56 acres, maximum dike height of 28 feet, crest width of 12 feet, and crest level elevation of approximately 143 feet. The dike length is approximately 6,600 feet. The upstream (interior) slope is reported to be about 2 (horizontal):1 (vertical) and the downstream (exterior) slope is reported to be in the range of 2.5:1 to 1.5:11. The main pond area has a 24-inch RCP riser/outlet structure that empties into a secondary settling basin; then thru a second 24-inch RCP riser/outlet structure that discharges into a receiving ditch that flows into the cooling lake. Based on general observation, these structures appear to be in working order, but the water level in the main basin is well below the riser crest elevation with little or no water present. Active excavation of the ash within the basin for beneficial reuse has been ongoing since September 2017. As of March 12, 2019, approximately 380,860 tons of ash has transported from the site for beneficial reuse. The Weatherspoon ash basin has operated under a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit number NC0005363 issued by the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) as a water treatment unit. The basin exterior embankment is regulated by NCDEQ Division of Energy, Mineral and Land Resources, Land Quality Section, Dam Safety Program as a High Hazard Dam and is identified in the regulatory program as "Weatherspoon Ash Pond Dam" (State I.D. No. ROBES-009). H&H Evaluation Criteria North Carolina's Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) Dam Safety has adopted the Federal CCR Rule and per the dam safety High Hazard Classification, each ash basin is now required to pass a full Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP). Each basin is classified as high hazard by NCDEQ due to the potential for environmental impacts greater than $200,000, if the basin failed. The computer program HydroCAD Version 10.0 was initially used to perform the H&H calculations to determine if the current conditions (revised per updated survey information) could safely store the revised design storm (full PMP storm event) without an uncontrolled discharge. Previously, the design storm was listed as the '/2 PMP storm event. NCDEQ has requested that the supporting modeling information be provided in HEC-RAS/HMS format. The existing conditions for the Ash Pond was obtained from best available reports and topographic data including the Wood E&IS Hydrologic and Hydraulic Evaluation Weatherspoon Ash Ponds, McKim and Creed Topographic Survey (2014, 2018), and LiDAR Topographic Survey by WSP (2015). The Weatherspoon Ash Pond is classified as high hazard, with the revised regulatory design storm for the ponds of the full PMP storm event. Based on the Hydrometeorological Report No. 51, Probable Maximum Precipitation Estimates, United States East of the 105th Meridian, from Duke Energy Weatherspoon Steam Station March 28, 2019 Weatherspoon 1979 Ash Pond H&H Update Page 3 Wood E&IS Project No. 7812-19-0141 the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Figure 18: All -Season PMP (in.) for 6 hour, 10 mil) the PMP for the Weatherspoon site is as follows: • PMP = 30.2 inches of rainfall for 6 hours Based on field observations and aerial imagery, the basin was assigned appropriate curve numbers (CN) for the general condition of land covers with an appropriate time of concentration calculated for each area by using TR-55 recommendations. The storage for the basin was developed from the assumed initial water elevation to the top of dam. The storage for the basin was estimated using the prismatic volume calculation method with the elevation -surface area input data. Storage volumes were determined from contours derived from the updated topographic surveys. Additional ponding area details can be found in the modeling results. The H&H Analysis was conducted for the proposed stage -storage conditions and Table 1 provides information on the current outlet structures. The H&H Analyses were conducted for the stage - storage conditions. The 1979 Ash Pond has an active pumping system associated with the ash removal project, that generally keeps the pond pumped down to the minimum permissible depth (approximately 3 feet in the deepest area of the basin). Table 1. 1979 Ash Pond Outlet Existing Conditions 1979 Ash Pond Characteristic Main Pond Polishing Pond Dike Crest Elevation (ft) 143.6 143.8 Culvert Diameter (in) Weir 22.5 Riser Elevation (ft) 140.3 132.95 Culvert Material Geogrid RCP (with CIPP lining) The settling pond outlets into the cooling pond. The basin is partially filled with ash, and stormwater would likely infiltrate into the underlying ash material during a storm event. For the purpose of this calculation, a curve number (CN) for pond surfaces of 98 was assumed. A minimum time of concentration (Tc) was calculated for the pond consistent with T-55 methods in HydroCAD. The length of the flow paths of sheet flow, shallow concentrated flow, and channel flow as well as slope and channel characteristics were determined based on the topography, which is consistent with TR-55 recommendations. Note that conditions are rapidly changing due to the ash excavation and removal project, and results of the analysis are based upon conditions as determined by the last topographic survey completed at the site. Additional details on time of concentration for each pond can be found in the modeling HydroCAD results. The storage for each basin was estimated using the prismatic volume calculation method with the elevation - surface area input data. Storage volumes for the 1979 Ash Pond were determined from contours derived from McKim and Creed Topographic Survey (2014, 2018), and WSP LIDAR Topography Duke Energy Weatherspoon Steam Station March 28, 2019 Weatherspoon 1979 Ash Pond H&H Update Page 4 Wood E&IS Project No. 7812-19-0141 Survey (2014). Additional ponding area details can be found in the modeling results. Wood E&IS assumed a Type II storm distribution for the 6-hr peak hydrograph. In order to support the request by NCDEQ to model the basin in HEC-RAS/HMS format, the existing hydraulic models created in HydroCAD were re-created using USACE HEC-RAS version 5.0 or HEC-HMS version 4.3. The HEC-RAS/HMS models were developed using inputs from the existing HydroCAD models to the greatest extent possible. At a minimum, the following inputs required for the development of the HEC-RAS/HMS model were utilized: • Inflow hydrographs • Stage -Storage rating curves for the ash ponds • Outlet rating curves Where appropriate, the ash ponds were represented as Storage Areas. The Stage -Storage relationship used as input into the HydroCAD model was applied to represent the volume in the basins. For the majority of the sites, where the ash pond water surface elevation is controlled by a single outlet structure, the stage versus flowrate rating curve calculated in HydroCAD was applied to the HEC-RAS/HMS model as a Storage Area Connection. The storage area connection was connected to either another Storage Area or a 1 D river reach long enough to reflect a normal depth hydraulic condition. It is assumed that there are no tailwater impacts and that the receiving Storage Area or 1 D Channel does not impact the outflow from the basin of interest. For the more hydraulically complex basins, the outlet structures (weirs orifices, and culverts) were incorporated into the model to account for any tailwater or reverse flows. The HEC- RAS/HMS model was run in as an unsteady model, with the inflow inputs to the model as lateral inflow hydrographs. The hydrographs were consistent with those generated from the HydroCAD models, and it is assumed that new/additional hydrologic modeling will not be required. H&H Summary Using the information above and the design storm hydrograph, Wood E&IS completed the H&H Analyses running the models for 160 hours (6.7 days). Results of the analyses are shown below in Table 2. Analysis of the current conditions indicate that the 1979 Ash Pond has the ability to contain the design storm (PMP storm event) and passes the inflow volume through pumping operations. Duke Energy Weatherspoon Steam Station March 28, 2019 Weatherspoon 1979 Ash Pond H&H Update Page 5 Wood E&IS Project No. 7812-19-0141 Table 2. Modeling Results Updated Results Main Ash Pond Full PMP Storm Event Polishing Pond Full PMP Storm Event Peak Stage during OF (ft) 141.1 138.5 Dike Elevation (ft) 143.6 143.8 Pond Freeboard (ft) 2.5 5.3 100% Inflow Volume (acre-ft) 23.8 25.3 80% Inflow Volume (acre-ft) 19.0 20.2 (Minimum) 80% Discharge Time (hr) 23.0 21.6 According to Dam Safety 15A NCAC 2K.0205, the spillway system shall be capable of removing at least 80 percent of the water temporarily detained above the elevation of the primary spillway within 15 days following passage of the design storm peak. Based upon the existing conditions, the Main Ash Basin safely stores and passes the design storm event, with flow entering the Polishing Pond. The existing conditions release more than 80% of the inflow to the Main Ash Basin within 15 days after the design storm begins. The Polishing Pond safely stores and passes the design storm event, with flow entering the Cooling Lake. The existing conditions release more than 80% of the inflow to the Polishing Pond within 15 days after the design storm begins. Thus, the current structures are compliant with 15A NCAC 2K.0205. The results for the calculations are attached. Conclusion Based on the results of this study and considering the conservative assumption made (no infiltration) Wood E&IS concludes the existing conditions for the 1979 Ash Pond will safely pass the design storm (full PMP storm event) without an uncontrolled discharge and meets the drawdown requirements per 15A NCAC 2K 0.0205. Closing Wood E&IS appreciates the opportunity to offer our services on this project. If you have any questions concerning this response, please contact us. Duke Energy March 28, 2019 Page 6 Sincerely, Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions, Inc. William A. Williams, PE, PG Senior Engineer HEC-RAS/HMS model provided separately Weatherspoon Steam Station Weatherspoon 1979 Ash Pond H&H Update Wood E&IS Project No. 7812-19-0141 ¢6�`f9lgl'P!ilPPPyPPf lSfrda id [i;-A Jeffery Mann, PE Chief Engineer wood. October 11, 2019 Mr. Dale Smith Project Manager Duke Energy 526 South Church Street Charlotte, North Carolina 28202 Subject: Hydrology and Hydraulics Analysis Summary Report Weatherspoon Ash Basin Decommissioning Duke Energy — Weatherspoon Steam Station Lumberton County, North Carolina Wood Project No. 7812180072 Dear Mr. Smith, As part of the decommissioning plan for the Weatherspoon Ash Basin, Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions, Inc. (Wood) has prepared this Hydraulic and Hydrologic analysis (H&H) summary report. This H&H summary represents the Weatherspoon Ash Basin in the proposed decommissioned condition. Background Information The Weatherspoon Plant is located at 491 Power Plant Road near Lumberton, North Carolina. The Plant contained three retired coal-fired units that operated from 1949 until electricity generation from the coal-fired units ceased in 2011. In February 2012, the three coal-fired units were retired. Pumping to the basin (primarily stormwater) was terminated in 2012. Demolition of the Weatherspoon Plant was completed in 2016. The WH Weatherspoon Steam Plant is permanently retired from service and ash sluice flow is no longer discharged into the Ash Pond. The 1979 Ash Pond (ROBES-009) has been used to store coal combustion residuals (CCR) that were sluiced to and deposited into the holding and settling basin. The materials pumped to the basin primarily consisted of fly ash, bottom ash, coal slag, unburned coal, and stormwater from the plant. The ash basin is a single perimeter unit, with multiple internal units constructed for basin management and wastewater treatment. There are no longer any ash disposal operations within the Ash Pond areas with the permanent retirement of the fossil generating units. The 1979 Ash Pond, herein referred to as the Ash Pond, is located east of the plant site which is adjacent to the Lumber River. From review of available historical descriptive information, this Ash Pond has a surface area of about 56 acres, maximum dike height of 28 feet, crest width of 12 Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions, Inc. 4021 Stirrup Creek Drive, Suite 100 Durham, North Carolina 27703 Tel (919) 381-9900 Fax (919) 381-9901 www.woodpic.com Licensure: NC Engineering F-1253 NC Geology C-247 n LJ Duke Energy Weatherspoon Station October 11, 2019 Hydrology and Hydraulics Analysis Summary Report Page 2 Wood Project No. 7812180072 feet, and crest level elevation of approximately 143 feet. The dike length is approximately 6,600 feet. The upstream (interior) slope is reported to be about 2 (horizontal):1 (vertical) and the downstream (exterior) slope is reported to be in the range of 2.5:1 to 1.5:11. The main pond area has a 24-inch RCP riser/outlet structure that empties into a secondary settling basin; then thru a second 24-inch RCP riser/outlet structure that discharges into a receiving ditch that flows into the cooling lake. Based on general observation, these structures appear to be in working order, but the water level in the main basin is well below the riser crest elevation with little or no water present. Active excavation of the ash within the basin for beneficial reuse has been ongoing since September 2017. As of March 12, 2019, approximately 380,860 tons of ash has transported from the site for beneficial reuse. The Weatherspoon ash basin has operated under a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit number NC0005363 issued by the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) as a water treatment unit. The basin exterior embankment is regulated by NCDEQ Division of Energy, Mineral and Land Resources, Land Quality Section, Dam Safety Program as a High Hazard Dam and is identified in the regulatory program as "Weatherspoon Ash Pond Dam" (State I.D. No. ROBES-009). H&H Evaluation Criteria The computer program HydroCAD was used to perform the H&H calculations to route the design storm through the ash basin, to identify the hydraulic conditions within the basin for the proposed decommissioned condition. The Weatherspoon Ash Basin, in the decommissioned conditions, will consist of the basin dikes with an opening (breach) in the southern dike section. The dike opening is designed to be approximately 100 feet wide, cut to an elevation of 120 feet. The Weatherspoon Ash Basin design storm for the decommissioned condition is the 100-year storm event, which equates to 9.08 inches of rainfall for a six (6) hour period. H&H Summary Using the information above and the design storm hydrograph, the design storm safely passes the decommissioned condition for the basin. A summary of the H&H modeling is provided in Table 1. Duke Energy October 11, 2019 Page 3 Conclusion Weatherspoon Station Hydrology and Hydraulics Analysis Summary Report Wood Project No. 7812180072 Table 1 - H&H Results Results for Decommissioned Condition Weatherspoon Ash Basin Peak Water Elevation (ft) 121.1 Weir (Opening) Elevation (ft) 120.0 Dike Crest Elevation (ft) 143.6 Pond Freeboard (ft) 22.5 Peak Discharge Rate (ft3/s) 258.71 Peak Velocity (ft/s) 2.33 Based on the results of this H&H analysis, Wood concludes that the decommissioned ash basin with safely pass the design storm event without overtopping the remaining dike remnants. Furthermore, the discharge velocity through the dike opening should not cause erosive conditions across the weir section or adjacent dike slopes. Closing Wood appreciates the opportunity to offer our services on this project. If you have any questions concerning this response, please contact us. Sincerely, Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions, Inc. ��tlt1 n i utrrrry N C A R o� % ••� SEAL035 - _ ¢19 r - 1211 AS A• rrl,t 110% Nick Parks, PE Jeffery A. Mann, PE Project Engineer Project Manager Attachments H&H Calculation — Decommissioned Conditions DDAB Ash Basin BREACH Breach t hannel OUTLET Outlet SubCat Reach on Link Routing Diagram for Weatherspoon CAMA Closure Breach Prepared by AMECFW, Printed 9/23/2019 HydroCADO 10.00-25 s/n 01035 © 2019 HydroCAD Software Solutions LLC Weatherspoon CAMA Closure Breach Prepared by AMECFW Printed 9/23/2019 HydroCAD® 10.00-25 s/n 01035 ©2019 HydroCAD Software Solutions LLC Page 2 Area Listing (all nodes) Area CN Description (acres) (subcatchment-numbers) 60.000 86 Newly graded area, HSG B (DA-AB) 60.000 86 TOTAL AREA Weatherspoon CAMA Closure Breach Prepared by AMECFW Printed 9/23/2019 HydroCAD® 10.00-25 s/n 01035 ©2019 HydroCAD Software Solutions LLC Page 3 Soil Listing (all nodes) Area Soil Subcatchment (acres) Group Numbers 0.000 HSG A 60.000 HSG B DA-AB 0.000 HSG C 0.000 HSG D 0.000 Other 60.000 TOTAL AREA Weatherspoon CAMA Closure Breach Prepared by AMECFW Printed 9/23/2019 HydroCADO 10.00-25 s/n 01035 © 2019 HydroCAD Software Solutions LLC Page 4 Ground Covers (all nodes) HSG-A HSG-B HSG-C HSG-D Other Total Ground Subcatchment (acres) (acres) (acres) (acres) (acres) (acres) Cover Numbers 0.000 60.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 60.000 Newly graded area DA-AB 0.000 60.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 60.000 TOTAL AREA Weatherspoon CAMA Closure Breach Type 11 6-hr 24.00 hrs 100 Rainfall=9.08" Prepared by AMECFW Printed 9/23/2019 HydroCAD® 10.00-25 s/n 01035 ©2019 HydroCAD Software Solutions LLC Page 5 Time span=0.00-160.00 hrs, dt=0.01 hrs, 16001 points Runoff by SCS TR-20 method, UH=SCS, Weighted-CN Reach routing by Dyn-Stor-Ind method - Pond routing by Dyn-Stor-Ind method Subcatchment DA-AB: Ash Basin Runoff Area=60.000 ac 0.00% Impervious Runoff Depth=7.38" Flow Length=1,682' Slope=0.0100'/' Tc=23.1 min CN=86 Runoff=258.87 cfs 36.909 of Reach BREACH: Breach Channel Avg. Flow Depth=1.08' Max Vet=2.33 fps Inflow=258.87 cfs 36.909 of n=0.069 L=180.0' S=0.0111 T Capacity=1,456.56 cfs Outflow=258.71 cfs 36.909 of Link OUTLET: Outlet Inflow=258.71 cfs 36.909 of Primary=258.71 cfs 36.909 of Total Runoff Area = 60.000 ac Runoff Volume = 36.909 of Average Runoff Depth = 7.38" 100.00% Pervious = 60.000 ac 0.00% Impervious = 0.000 ac Weatherspoon CAMA Closure Breach Type 11 6-hr 24.00 hrs 100 Rainfall=9.08" Prepared by AMECFW Printed 9/23/2019 HydroCADO 10.00-25 s/n 01035 © 2019 HydroCAD Software Solutions LLC Page 6 Summary for Subcatchment DA-AB: Ash Basin Runoff = 258.87 cfs @ 11.88 hrs, Volume= 36.909 af, Depth= 7.38" Runoff by SCS TR-20 method, UH=SCS, Weighted-CN, Time Span= 0.00-160.00 hrs, dt= 0.01 hrs Type II 6-hr 24.00 hrs 100 Rainfall=9.08" Area (ac) CN Description 60.000 86 Newly graded area, HSG B 60.000 100.00% Pervious Area Tc Length Slope Velocity Capacity Description (min) (feet) (ft/ft) (ft/sec) (cfs) 12.1 100 0.0100 0.14 Sheet Flow, Grass: Short n= 0.150 P2= 3.68" 8.3 500 0.0100 1.00 Shallow Concentrated Flow, Nearly Bare & Untilled Kv= 10.0 fps 2.7 1,082 0.0100 6.75 54.04 Channel Flow, Area= 8.0 sf Perim= 8.0' r= 1.00' n= 0.022 Earth, clean & straight 23.1 1,682 Total Subcatchment DA-AB: Ash Basin Hydrograph 258.87 cfs 250 Type II 6-hr 24.00 hrs -409 Rainfall=9.08" 200 Runoff Area=60.000 ac Rurr off Voll.�me=36�09 of 150 Runoff Depth=7.38" _o Flow LengthT1,682' 100 Slope=0.Q100 '/' Tc=23.1 m i n 50 1 CN=86 0 20 40 60 80 11 1 41 61 0 Runoff Weatherspoon CAMA Closure Breach Type 11 6-hr 24.00 hrs 100 Rainfall=9.08" Prepared by AMECFW Printed 9/23/2019 HydroCAD® 10.00-25 s/n 01035 ©2019 HydroCAD Software Solutions LLC Page 7 Summary for Reach BREACH: Breach Channel Inflow Area = 60.000 ac, 0.00% Impervious, Inflow Depth = 7.38" for 100 event Inflow = 258.87 cfs @ 11.88 hrs, Volume= 36.909 of Outflow = 258.71 cfs @ 11.88 hrs, Volume= 36.909 af, Atten= 0%, Lag= 0.1 min Routing by Dyn-Stor-Ind method, Time Span= 0.00-160.00 hrs, dt= 0.01 hrs Max. Velocity= 2.33 fps, Min. Travel Time= 1.3 min Avg. Velocity = 0.65 fps, Avg. Travel Time= 4.6 min Peak Storage= 19,987 cf @ 11.88 hrs Average Depth at Peak Storage= 1.08' Bank -Full Depth= 3.00' Flow Area= 327.0 sf, Capacity= 1,456.56 cfs 100.00' x 3.00' deep channel, n= 0.069 Riprap, 6-inch Side Slope Z-value= 3.0 '/' Top Width= 118.00' Length= 180.0' Slope= 0.0111 T Inlet Invert= 116.00', Outlet Invert= 114.00' f Reach BREACH: Breach Channel Hydrograph Inflow .0 000 . 1 %% Avg. Flow -. 0: Max Vel=2.33 fps 11 %% 0.• :0 1 % FL 11 12222 ii 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 1I ❑ Inflow ❑ Outflow Weatherspoon CAMA Closure Breach Type 11 6-hr 24.00 hrs 100 Rainfall=9.08" Prepared by AMECFW Printed 9/23/2019 HydroCAD® 10.00-25 s/n 01035 ©2019 HydroCAD Software Solutions LLC Page 8 Summary for Link OUTLET: Outlet Inflow Area = 60.000 ac, 0.00% Impervious, Inflow Depth = 7.38" for 100 event Inflow = 258.71 cfs @ 11.88 hrs, Volume= 36.909 of Primary = 258.71 cfs @ 11.88 hrs, Volume= 36.909 af, Atten= 0%, Lag= 0.0 min Primary outflow = Inflow, Time Span= 0.00-160.00 hrs, dt= 0.01 hrs 3 0 FZ Link OUTLET: Outlet Hydrograph 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Time (hours) ❑ Inflow ❑ Primary