NC0005088_CSS_Appendix E_20191231

Corrective Action Plan Update December 2019
Cliffside Steam Station
SynTerra
APPENDIX E
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL
RISK ASSESSMENT

410
synTerra
HUMAN HEALTH AND
ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
For
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
573 DUKE POWER ROAD
MOORESBORO,. NORTH CAROLINA 28114
DECEMBER 2019
PREPARED FOR
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC
526 SOUTH CHURCH STREET
CHARLOTTE,. NORTH CAROLINA 28202
(� DUKE
ENERGY
CAROLI NAS
Matt Huddleston, Ph.D.
Senior Scientist
k6& d74Xt14= -
Heather Smith
Environmental Scientist

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This human health and ecological risk assessment pertaining to the Rogers Energy
Complex — Cliffside Steam Station (Cliffside, CSS, or Site) was prepared on behalf of
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC (Duke Energy). The risk assessment focuses on the
potential impacts of coal combustion residuals (CCRs) from the Cliffside ash basins and
ash storage area on groundwater, surface water, and sediment. Groundwater flow
information was used to focus the risk assessment on areas where exposure of humans
and wildlife to CCR constituents could occur. To assist in corrective action decision
making, this risk assessment characterized potential effects on human health and the
environment related to naturally occurring elements, associated with coal ash, present
in environmental media. Corrective action will be implemented with the goal of
keeping future Site conditions protective of human health and the environment, as
required by the 2014 North Carolina General Assembly Session Law 2014-122, Coal Ash
Management Act (CAMA).
The human health and ecological risk assessment is based on North Carolina
Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) and U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (USEPA) risk assessment guidance. Conclusions of the risk assessment are: 1)
there is no evidence of risks to on -Site or off -Site human receptors potentially exposed
to CCR constituents that have migrated from the ash basins; and 2) there is no evidence
of risks to ecological receptors potentially exposed to CCR constituents that have
migrated from the ash basins.
This risk assessment uses analytical results from groundwater, surface water, and
sediment samples collected March 2015 through June 2019. The framework of the risk
assessment follows a stepwise process:
Step 1: Development of conceptual site models (CSM), including the type of
affected media, exposure routes and pathways, and human and ecological
receptors that might occur at the Site
Step 2: Comparison of analytical data with applicable state and federal human
health and ecological screening values to identify constituents of potential
concern (COPCs)
Step 3: Derivation of Site -specific human health risk -based concentrations (RBCs)
for COPCs, derivation of exposure point concentrations (EPCs), and
comparison of EPCs to the RBCs to draw conclusions about the potential
human health risks at the Site
Page ES-1

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
Step 4: Development of Site -specific wildlife exposure concentrations for
comparison with COPC-specific toxicity reference values to draw
conclusions about potential risks to wildlife at the Site
Human health and ecological CSMs were developed to help identify exposure
pathways, exposure routes, and potential receptors for evaluation. The CSM describes
the sources and potential pathways through which groundwater migration from the ash
basins might have transported CCR constituents to other environmental media
(receiving media) and, in turn, to potential human and ecological receptors.
Receiving media to which human receptors could be exposed to COPCs include:
• Outdoor air
• Groundwater
• On -Site seep water and seep soil (AOW)
• On -Site soil beneath the coal ash basins
• On -Site surface water and sediment
• Off -Site surface water, sediment, and fish
Potential human receptors evaluated in the risk assessment were:
• On -Site trespassers (current and future use)
• On -Site commercial or industrial workers (current and future use)
• On -Site construction workers (current and future use)
• Off -Site residents (current and future use)
• Off -Site recreational users, including people who swim, wade, boat, or fish in the
Broad River
No public or private drinking water wells or wellhead protection areas were found
downgradient of the ash basins; therefore, there is no exposure to current and future
residential receptors.
Receiving media from which ecological receptors could be exposed to COPCs include:
• Outdoor air
• Groundwater
Page ES-2

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
• On -Site seep water and seep soil (AOW)
• On -Site soil beneath the coal ash basin
• On -Site surface water, sediment, and biotic tissue
• Off -Site surface water, sediment, and biotic tissue
Ecological receptors are represented by "indicator" or "surrogate" organisms that
represent other animals within their generic class, order, or family. Receptors
considered in the ecological risk assessment included:
• Benthic macroinvertebrates
• Fish
• Birds (e.g., mallard duck, great blue heron)
• Mammals (e.g., muskrat, river otter)
The screening -level risk assessment identified the following human health COPCs:
Medium/Location
COPC
Surface Water - Broad River
Aluminum, chromium (VI), cobalt,
manganese, zinc
Sediment - Broad River
Aluminum, arsenic, cobalt, manganese,
thallium
Groundwater
Aluminum, antimony, arsenic, beryllium,
boron cadmium, chromium (total),
chromium (VI), cobalt, lead, lithium,
manganese, mercury, molybdenum,
nickel, radium (total), selenium,
strontium, thallium, vanadium, zinc
Page ES-3

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
The following COPCs were identified for ecological receptors:
Medium/Location
COPC
Surface Water - Exposure Area 1
Aluminum, manganese
Sediment - Exposure Area 1
Aluminum, barium, chromium (total),
manganese
Surface Water - Exposure Area 2
Aluminum, manganese
Sediment - Exposure Area 2
Barium
Surface Water - Exposure Area 4
Aluminum
Sediment - Exposure Area 4
Aluminum, barium, manganese
The identified COPCs were used in the human health risk assessment (comparison of
Site -specific RBCs with EPCs) and in the baseline ecological risk assessment. No
unacceptable risks from exposure to environmental media were identified. Results of
the human health risk assessment indicate the following:
• Exposure to CCR constituents by current and future residences and trespasser is
considered incomplete.
• On -site groundwater pose no evidence of carcinogenic or non -carcinogenic
construction worker under these exposure scenarios
• No evidence of carcinogenic or non -carcinogenic risks for recreational swimmer,
wader, or boater exposure scenarios was identified.
• No evidence of carcinogenic or non -carcinogenic risks associated with the
recreational fisher exposure scenario was identified.
• There is no evidence of carcinogenic risk cancer risks for the subsistence fisher
exposure scenario attributable to the ash basins. Hexavalent chromium
concentrations in upstream surface water samples also resulted in estimated
values within USEPA's range for excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR). The
modeled concentration of hexavalent chromium in fish tissue is likely
overestimated.
• Potential non -carcinogenic risks from consumption of fish containing cobalt
(modeled from surface water concentrations) were modeled for the subsistence
fisher. The fisher exposure scenarios overestimate risks based on exposure
model assumptions of bioconcentration and fish consumption rates. There is not
Page ES-4

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
likely to be any material increase in non -carcinogenic risks for the subsistence
fisher scenario.
Findings of the baseline ecological risk assessment include the following:
Ecological Exposure Area 1:
• No risks were identified for the mallard duck, great blue heron, and river otter
exposed to surface water and sediments in Exposure Area 1.
• Modeled risk estimates resulted in aluminum HQs greater than 1 based on the
NOAEL and LOAEL for the killdeer and muskrat. The modeled risk is
considered negligible given the natural occurrence of aluminum in surface water,
sediment, and soil in the region.
• Modeled risk estimates resulted in barium and chromium LOAEL based HQs
greater than unity for the killdeer; however, the NOAEL based HQs for these
constituents were greater than unity. The modeled risk is considered negligible.
Ecological Exposure Area 2:
• No risks were identified for the mallard duck, great blue heron, and river otter
exposed to surface water and sediments in Exposure Area 3.
• Modeled risk estimates resulted in aluminum HQs greater than 1 based on the
NOAEL and LOAEL for the killdeer and based on NOAELs for the muskrat. The
modeled risk is considered negligible given the natural occurrence of aluminum
in surface water, sediment, and soil in the region.
• The NOAEL and LOAEL based HQ for the killdeer exposure to aluminum in
Ecological Exposure Area 2 was greater than unity (HQ =10.7 and 1.1). The
model likely overstates risk. As previously stated, aluminum occurs naturally in
soil, sediment, and surface water in this area.
Ecological Exposure Area 4:
• No HQs based on NOAELs or LOAELs were greater than unity for wildlife
receptors (mallard duck, great blue heron, muskrat, river otter) exposed to
surface water and sediments.
• Modeled risk estimates resulted in aluminum HQs greater than 1 based on the
NOAEL and LOAEL for the killdeer and based on NOAELs for the muskrat. The
Page ES-5

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
modeled risk is considered negligible given the natural occurrence of aluminum
in surface water, sediment, and soil in the region.
In summary, there is no evidence of unacceptable risks to human and ecological
receptors exposed to environmental media potentially affected by CCRs at Cliffside.
This conclusion is further supported by multiple water quality and biological
assessments conducted by Duke Energy as part of the NPDES monitoring program.
Page ES-6

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION
PAGE
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.................................................................................................... ES-1
1.0 INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................1-1
1.1 Risk Assessment Framework..................................................................................1-3
1.2 Report Organization.................................................................................................1-3
2.0 CONCEPTUAL SITE MODELS.................................................................................2-1
2.1 Current and Future Land Uses............................................................................... 2-1
2.2 Human Health Conceptual Site Model.................................................................. 2-1
2.2.1 Receiving Media....................................................................................................2-2
2.2.2 Exposure Setting and Receptors.........................................................................
2-2
2.2.3 Exposure Routes....................................................................................................
2-3
2.2.4 Potential Exposure Pathways by Receiving Media ..........................................
2-3
2.2.4.1 Outdoor Air...................................................................................................2-3
2.2.4.2 Groundwater.................................................................................................2-3
2.2.4.3 Surface Water and Sediment, and Fish .....................................................
2-4
2.2.4.4 Seeps and Seep Soil......................................................................................
2-6
2.2.4.5 Post -Excavation Soil.....................................................................................
2-6
2.3 Ecological Conceptual Site Model..........................................................................
2-7
2.3.1 Sources and Release Mechanisms.......................................................................
2-7
2.3.2 Potential Exposure Pathways by Receiving Media ..........................................
2-7
2.3.3 Ecological Receptors.............................................................................................
2-8
2.3.4 Exposure Routes....................................................................................................
2-9
2.3.5 Exposure Pathways...............................................................................................
2-9
2.3.5.1 Surface Water, Sediment, and Fish..........................................................
2-10
2.3.5.2 Seeps and Seep Soils...................................................................................2-11
2.3.5.3 Post -Excavation Soil...................................................................................
2-11
2.3.6 Ecological Exposure Areas................................................................................
2-11
2.4 Revised Conceptual Site Models and Exposure Areas ......................................
2-12
3.0 DATA EVALUATION.................................................................................................
3-1
3.1 Data Sources..............................................................................................................
3-1
3.1.1 On -Site Groundwater...........................................................................................
3-1
Page i

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED)
SECTION
PAGE
3.1.2 Surface Water.........................................................................................................3-1
3.1.3 Sediment.................................................................................................................3-1
3.2 Background Data Used in Risk Assessment.........................................................
3-1
3.3 Data Summarization.................................................................................................3-2
4.0 HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL SCREENING......................................4-1
4.1 Purpose and Methods..............................................................................................4-1
4.2 Human Health Screening Levels............................................................................
4-1
4.2.1 Groundwater.........................................................................................................
4-2
4.2.2 Surface Water.........................................................................................................4-2
4.2.3 Sediment.................................................................................................................4-3
4.2.4 Fish Tissue..............................................................................................................4-4
4.3 Ecological Screening Levels.....................................................................................4-4
4.3.1 Surface Water.........................................................................................................4-4
4.3.2 Sediment.................................................................................................................4-5
4.4 Results of Screening for Constituents of Potential Concern ...............................
4-5
4.4.1 Human Health Screening Results.......................................................................4-6
4.4.2 Ecological Screening Results...............................................................................
4-7
5.0 HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT................................................................5-1
5.1 Risk -Based Concentrations......................................................................................
5-1
5.2 Exposure Point Concentrations...............................................................................
5-1
5.3 Risk Calculation Approach......................................................................................
5-2
5.4 Risk Calculations Using RBCs.................................................................................
5-3
5.5 Human Health Risk Assessment Results..............................................................
5-4
5.5.1 On -Site Construction Worker Exposure Scenario............................................5-4
5.5.2 Boater, Swimmer, and Wader Exposure Scenarios..........................................5-4
5.5.3 Fisher Exposure Scenario.....................................................................................5-5
5.6 Findings of Drinking Water Supply Well Surveys ..............................................
5-6
5.6.1 Provision of Alternative Water Supply.............................................................
5-7
5.6.2 Future Groundwater Use Area...........................................................................
5-8
5.7 Uncertainty Analysis................................................................................................
5-8
Page ii

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED)
SECTION
PAGE
6.0 BASELINE ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT..................................................6-1
6.1 Problem Formulation............................................................................................... 6-1
6.1.1 Refinement of Constituents of Potential Concern ............................................
6-2
6.1.2 Assessment and Measurement Endpoints........................................................
6-4
6.1.3 Selection of Ecological Receptors of Interest .....................................................
6-5
6.2 Exposure and Effects Characterization..................................................................
6-6
6.2.1 Estimation of Exposure........................................................................................
6-6
6.2.2 Effects Assessment..............................................................................................
6-11
6.3 Risk Characterization.............................................................................................
6-11
6.4 Baseline Ecological Risk Assessment Results .....................................................
6-13
6.5 Environmental Assessment of the Rogers Energy Complex Station and the
BroadRiver..........................................................................................................................
6-15
6.6 Uncertainty Analysis..............................................................................................
6-16
7.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS.........................................................................
7-1
7.1 Human Health Risk Assessment............................................................................
7-1
7.2 Ecological Risk Assessment.....................................................................................
7-2
8.0 REFERENCES................................................................................................................
8-1
Page iii

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 USGS Location Map
Figure 2 Human Health Conceptual Site Model
Figure 3 Ecological Conceptual Site Model
Figure 4 Sample Location Map
Figure 5 Ecological Exposure Areas
LIST OF ATTACHMENTS
Attachment 1
Risk Assessment Data Sets
Attachment 2
Human Health Screening Tables
Attachment 3
Ecological Screening Tables
Attachment 4
Derivation of Risk -based Concentrations
Attachment 5
Human Health Exposure Point Concentration Tables
Attachment 6
Human Health Risk Estimates
Attachment 7
Ecological Exposure Point Concentration Tables
Attachment 8
Ecological Risk Estimates
Attachment 9
Federal and State Listed Protected Species
Attachment 10
Duke Energy Environmental Assessment of The Rogers Energy
Complex and Broad River
Page iv

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
02L
15A NCAC 02L.0202 groundwater standards
AAB
Active ash basin
ADD
average daily dose
AOW
area of wetness
ATSDR
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
AUF
area use factor
AWQC
Ambient Water Quality Criteria
BAF
bioaccumulation factor
BCF
bioconcentration factor
BERA
Baseline Ecological Risk Assessment
BTV
background threshold value
CAMA
Coal Ash Management Act of 2014
CAP
Corrective Action Plan
CCR
coal combustion residual
COPC
constituent of potential concern
CSA
Comprehensive Site Assessment
CSM
conceptual site model
Duke Energy
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC
Eco-SSLs
Ecological Soil Screening Levels
ELCR
excess lifetime cancer risk
EMC
Environmental Management Commission
EPC
exposure point concentration
EPCc
exposure point concentration (for a carcinogenic constituent)
EPCnc
exposure point concentration (for a non -carcinogenic constituent)
ESVs
Ecological screening values
G.S.
North Carolina General Statutes
HI
hazard index
HQ
hazard quotient
IMAC
Interim Maximum Allowable Concentrations
LOAEL
lowest observed adverse effects level
MCL
maximum contaminant level
NCAC
North Carolina Administrative Code
NCDENR
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
NCDEQ
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
NCDHHS
North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services
NCDWM
North Carolina Division of Waste Management
NCRP
National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements
NOAEL
no observed adverse effects level
Page v

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS (CONTINUED)
NPDES
National Pollution Discharge Elimination System
PSRG
Preliminary soil remediation goal
RBC
risk based concentration
RBCc
risk based concentration (for a carcinogenic constituent)
RBC.c
risk based concentration (for a noncarcinogenic constituent)
RSL
regional screening level
ROI
receptor of interest
SOC
Special Order by Consent
SMCLS
secondary maximum contaminant level
SUF
Seasonal use factor
TRV
toxicity reference value
UCL
upper confidence limit
OF
uptake factor
USEPA
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
USGS
U.S. Geological Survey
Page vi

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
1.0 INTRODUCTION
This human health and ecological risk assessment pertaining to the Rogers Energy
Complex — Cliffside Steam Station (Cliffside, CSS, or Site) was prepared on behalf of
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC (Duke Energy). The risk assessment focuses on the
potential effects of coal combustion residuals (CCR) from the Cliffside ash basins and
ash storage area on groundwater, surface water, and sediment. Groundwater flow
information was used to focus the risk assessment on areas where exposure of humans
and wildlife to CCR constituents could occur. Duke Energy owns and operates
Cliffside, located in Mooresboro, in Rutherford and Cleveland counties, North Carolina
(Figure 1).
This human health and ecological risk assessment concludes that: 1) there is no
evidence of risks to on -Site or off -Site human receptors potentially exposed to CCR-
related constituents that have migrated from the ash basins; and (2) there is no evidence
of risks to ecological receptors potentially exposed to CCR-related constituents that
have migrated from the ash basins. This risk assessment incorporates results from
groundwater, surface water, and sediments samples collected March 2015 through June
2019. This risk assessment was conducted to support an updated Corrective Action Plan
(CAP) Update for Cliffside. The original risk assessment was completed in 2016, also in
support of the CAP process.
Duke Energy has collected a substantial amount of data related to the Cliffside ash
basins to form the basis for this CAP update. Detailed descriptions of Site operational
history, physical setting and features, and geology/hydrogeology are documented in the
following reports:
1. Comprehensive Site Assessment Report — Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basins (HDR
Engineering, Inc. of the Carolinas (HDR, 2015a).
2. Corrective Action Plan Part 1— Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basins (HDR, 2015b).
3. Corrective Action Plan Part 2 — Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basins (included in CSA
Supplement 1 as Appendix A) — (HDR, 2016a).
4. Comprehensive Site Assessment Supplement 2 — Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basins
(HDR, 2016c).
5. Comprehensive Site Assessment Update — Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basins
(SynTerra, 2018a).
Page 1-1

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
Consistent with the iterative risk assessment process and guidance, updates to the risk
assessment have been made to the original 2016 risk assessment (HDR, 2016) in order to
incorporate new site data and refine conceptual site models. This risk assessment was
prepared in accordance with a work plan for risk assessment of CCR-affected media at
Duke Energy sites (Haley & Aldrich, 2015). Risk assessment updates have largely
followed the work plan procedures. Updates to the work plan procedures include:
• CCR constituents evaluated in the risk assessment were conservatively assumed
to be 100 percent bioavailable.
• Ecological exposure parameters and toxicity data for some wildlife receptors
were updated and cited in the ecological risk output tables.
• No statistical treatment of background surface water and sediment data was
performed. Instead, CCR constituent exposure concentrations are compared to
measured background data for those media.
• The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of cobalt used to estimate concentration of the
constituent in fish tissue was revised to 300 (ERD, 1999).
The following risk assessment reports have been prepared:
1. Baseline Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment, Appendix F of the CAP Part
2 (HDR, 2016)
2. Comprehensive Site Assessment (CSA) Update (SynTerra, 2018a)
3. Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment Summary Update for Cliffside Steam
Station, Appendix B of Community Impact Analysis of Ash Basin Closure Options at
the Cliffside Steam Station (Exponent, 2018)
To help evaluate options for groundwater corrective action, this risk assessment
characterized potential effects on human health and the environment related to
naturally occurring elements, associated with coal ash, present in environmental media.
Corrective action will be implemented with the goal of keeping future site conditions
protective of human health and the environment, as required by the 2014 North
Carolina General Assembly Session Law 2014-122, Coal Ash Management Act (CAMA).
This risk assessment follows the methods of the 2016 risk assessment (HDR, 2016c) and
is based on North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
(NCDENR, 2003), North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ,
2017), and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) risk assessment guidance
(USEPA, 1989; 1991a; 1998). The NCDEQ Technical Guidance for Risk -based Environmental
Remediation of Sites contains a risk calculator for deriving human health risk -based
Page 1-2

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
remediation goals (NCDEQ, 2017). While this risk assessment follows similar
procedures, North Carolina's Session Law 2015-286 does not allow the technical
guidance and risk calculator to be used at CAMA sites.
Areas of wetness (AOWs) associated with engineered structures, also referred to as
"constructed seeps," are being addressed in National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System (NPDES) permits and are not subject to this risk assessment update due to the
permitted status. Other AOWs (non -constructed seeps) are addressed under a Special
Order by Consent (SOC) issued by the North Carolina Environmental Management
Commission (EMC SOC WQ S17-009) and therefore are also not subject to this risk
assessment update. The AOWs are expected to reduce in flow or be eliminated after
decanting of the active ash basin (AAB) as a component of basin closure. The SOC
requires that seeps remaining after decanting are to be addressed with a corrective
action plan to "protect public health, safety, and welfare, the environment, and natural
resources" (EMC SOC WQ S17-009, 2. d.).
1.1 Risk Assessment Framework
The framework for the risk assessment follows a stepwise process. The steps include:
Step 1: Development of CSMs showing the type of affected media, exposure routes
and pathways, and human and ecological receptors that might occur at the
Site
Step 2: Comparison of analytical data with applicable state and federal human
health and ecological screening values (ESVs) to identify constituents of
potential concern (COPCs)
Step 3: Derivation of Site -specific human health risk -based concentrations (RBCs)
for COPCs, derivation of exposure point concentrations (EPCs), and
comparison of EPCs with the RBCs to draw conclusions about the potential
human health risks at the Site
Step 4: Development of Site -specific wildlife exposure concentrations for
comparison with COPC-specific toxicity reference values (TRVs) to draw
conclusions about potential risks to wildlife at the Site
1.2 Report Organization
This report is organized into the following sections:
Section 1 presents an introduction, regulatory context, and report organization.
Page 1-3

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
Section 2 presents the human health and ecological conceptual site models,
describing source(s), potentially affected media, potential migration
pathways, and applicable exposure routes.
Section 3 describes the Site data used in the risk assessments, the investigation
programs under which the data were collected, analytical methods used,
and data quality.
Section 4 presents a discussion of how data collected from environmental media at
the Site were compared with human health and ecological screening
levels. The section also describes the process used for the selection of
COPCs.
Section 5 presents the human health risk assessment. The risk assessment was
conducted by calculating Site -specific RBCs, which were used as the basis
for calculating potential human health risks. This section presents
potential exposure scenarios, chemical -specific variables, and equations
used to develop the RBCs. This section also summarizes the comparison
of RBCs with EPCs for each environmental medium, and how the data
were used to derive Site -specific risk estimates for human health.
Section 6 presents the ecological risk characterization, including the ecological food
web modeling results.
Section 7 presents the risk assessment conclusions.
Section 8 presents the references cited in this report.
Page 1-4

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
2.0 CONCEPTUAL SITE MODELS
Human health and ecological CSMs were developed to guide identification of exposure
pathways, exposure routes, and potential receptors for evaluation. The CSM describes
the sources and potential migration pathways through which groundwater migration
from the ash basins might have transported CCR-related constituents to other
environmental media (receiving media) and, in turn, to potential human and ecological
receptors. The linkage between a source, the receiving medium, and a point of potential
exposure is called an exposure pathway. For an exposure pathway to be complete, the
following conditions must exist (USEPA, 1989):
1. A source and mechanism of chemical release to the environment
2. An environmental transport medium (e.g., air, water, soil)
3. A point of potential contact with the receiving medium by a receptor
4. A receptor exposure route at the point of contact (e.g., inhalation, ingestion,
dermal contact)
The CSM is meant to be a "living" model that can be updated and modified as
additional data and information become available.
2.1 Current and Future Land Uses
Cliffside is located on the south side of the Broad River on Duke Power Road (McCraw
Road) (Figure 1). The station and supporting facilities, which occupy approximately
1,000 acres, are owned by Duke Energy. The area surrounding the CSS ash basins
generally consists of residential properties, undeveloped land, and the Broad River.
CSS is a coal-fired and natural gas -fired electricity generating facility with a current
capacity of 1,381 megawatts (MW). The Station began commercial operations in July
1940 with Units 1, 2, 3, and 4 (198 MW total). Unit 5 (556 MW) began operations in
1972, increasing the total plant capacity to 754 MW. Construction of Unit 6, an 825 MW
clean -coal unit, began in 2008, and the unit began commercial operations in 2012. Units
1 through 4 were retired from service in October 2011. Natural gas infrastructure was
completed to co -fire up to 40 percent natural gas on Unit 5 and up to 100 percent on
Unit 6. The first fire for natural gas at Unit 5 occurred on October 31, 2018, and the first
fire for natural gas at Unit 6 occurred on November 25, 2018.
2.2 Human Health Conceptual Site Model
The human health risk assessment CSM for Cliffside was developed by:
1. Identifying receiving media where COPCs might be present
Page 2-1

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
2. Identifying the exposure setting and current and future land uses, which allowed
for identification of receptor populations
3. Identifying the exposure routes applicable to each of the receptor populations
and receiving media
The ultimate product of the CSM is identification of potentially complete exposure
pathways for specific land -use populations. The original CSM for potential human
receptors is presented in Figure 2-3 of the 2016 risk assessment (HDR, 2016). Figure 2
presents the updated CSM which serves as the basis of this risk evaluation.
2.2.1 Receiving Media
COPCs potentially could migrate from the ash basin to soil, groundwater,
surface water, sediment, and air. Principal migration pathways could include: 1)
infiltration and percolation of rainwater through the coal ash basin, resulting in
leaching of coal ash -derived COPCs into soil beneath the basin and subsequently
to groundwater; 2) migration of COPCs in groundwater and subsequent
discharge of groundwater to the land surface or directly to surface water; and 3)
surface run-off and erosion into surface water bodies. Particles eroded into
surface water can settle as submerged sediment. COPCs in groundwater
discharge to surface water can adsorb to sediment. COPCs in soil and surface
water can be potentially taken up by plants, fish, and other aquatic organisms.
COPCs in unsaturated media may be entrained as dust in outdoor air. Potential
receiving media include:
• Outdoor air
• Groundwater
• On -Site seep water and seep soil (AOW)
• On -Site soil beneath the coal ash basin
• Off -Site surface water, sediment, and fish tissue (e.g., in Broad River)
The coal ash and ponded water in the active ash basins are not considered direct
exposure media for this risk assessment, as the active ash basins are part of the
permitted waste treatment system at the Site.
2.2.2 Exposure Setting and Receptors
The ash basins are located on property owned by Duke Energy. Land use
surrounding the property not under the control of Duke Energy may include
undisturbed open space, rural areas, recreational areas, and water bodies. The
Page 2-2

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
land will be retained by Duke Energy. Based on this information, receptors on
Duke Energy -controlled property (i.e., on -Site) could include:
• Trespassers (current and future use)
• Commercial or industrial workers (current and future use)
• Construction workers (current and future use)
Potential receptors on property not controlled by Duke Energy (i.e., off -Site)
could include:
• Residents (current and future use)
• Recreational users, including people who swim, wade, boat, or fish in
Broad River who might be receiving media for COPCs (current and future
use)
• Subsistence fishers in Broad River who might be receiving media for
COPCs (current and future use)
2.2.3 Exposure Routes
Exposure routes by which humans potentially can be exposed to COPCs in
environmental media at the Site include ingestion, dermal contact, and
inhalation. More than one exposure route might be applicable to each of the
exposure media.
2.2.4 Potential Exposure Pathways by Receiving Media
Potential human receptor exposure pathways for each of the receiving media are
described in the following sections.
2.2.4.1 Outdoor Air
Particulates (i.e., dust) that are released from soil via wind erosion or human
activity can migrate downwind with air dispersion. On -Site receptors
potentially could inhale substances entrained in the dust.
Construction activities that disturb soil (e.g., excavation during closure)
could expose construction workers to COPCs entrained in dust. Therefore,
this is a potentially complete exposure pathway.
2.2.4.2 Groundwater
Where groundwater is used as a source of drinking water, off -Site residents
might potentially be exposed to coal ash -derived COPCs if leaching to
Page 2-3

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
groundwater and subsequent migration of groundwater to a potable well
point occurs. Exposure of off -Site receptors to COPCs in groundwater will
occur only if there is a complete exposure pathway (i.e., groundwater
containing coal ash COPCs migrates to an off -Site receptor's water supply
well). The drinking water pathway assumes that residents use groundwater
as a source of water supply and are exposed via ingestion as drinking water
and dermal contact during household uses and bathing/showering. The
inhalation exposure route is not complete for non-volatile substances (e.g.,
metals) in groundwater.
Duke Energy maintains control over the Cliffside property and uses it for
industrial purposes. The Cliffside property is not be used for residential
purposes, and Site groundwater is not used as a source of drinking water.
Groundwater sample analytical results from monitoring wells between the
ash basins and off -Site residences do not indicate plume migration toward
water supply wells. CCR indicator constituents such as boron and sulfate
have not been detected in the monitoring wells or supply wells, or if
detected, the concentrations were no greater than a fraction of North
Carolina's applicable 15A North Carolina Administrative Code (NCAC)
02L.0202 groundwater standards (02L standards), and similar to Site -
specific background values. Consequently, no complete exposure pathway
exists for groundwater used for potable purposes. Future use of the Site is
anticipated to remain the same.
On -Site construction workers potentially could be exposed to CCR-related
COPCs in groundwater via incidental ingestion and dermal contact if
shallow groundwater is encountered during construction and maintenance
activities such as with basin closure. Therefore, this is a potentially complete
exposure pathway. Groundwater data from on -Site wells sampled during
the CSA program were used in calculating the exposure point concentration
(EPC) for this scenario. This recent data were used in evaluating risk to
construction workers, as it is representative of conditions that exist at the
Site.
2.2.4.3 Surface Water and Sediment, and Fish
Potential exposures to CCR-related COPCs that have migrated into surface
water and sediment could occur through ingestion and dermal contact.
However, the specific nature of potential exposures is dependent on the
type of water body. Specifically:
Page 2-4

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
• Dermal contact with shallow surface water (e.g., less than 3 feet in
depth) can occur via wading. This exposure pathway is considered
complete for on -Site trespassers and for off -Site for recreational
visitors using the Broad River. Therefore, this is a potentially
complete exposure pathway.
Incidental ingestion and dermal contact with deeper surface water
(e.g., more than 3 feet in depth) could occur via swimming.
Swimming is not allowed at any of the on -Site areas evaluated in the
project. On -Site tributaries are not deep enough to allow for
swimming and have restricted access; therefore, this exposure
pathway is not considered complete for on -Site water bodies.
Exposures during swimming could be complete for off -Site
recreational visitors to the Broad River, depending on the overall
setting of the off -Site area.
Dermal contact with off -site surface water could occur during
boating or fishing activities. Since these types of activities are not
associated with intense exposures to water (such as swimming),
incidental ingestion of surface water would be insignificant.
Therefore, this is a potentially complete exposure pathway.
• USEPA Region 4 (USEPA, 2014) provides the following with respect
to potential exposure to sediments:
"Sediments in an intermittent stream should be considered as surface soil
for the portion of the year the stream is without water. In most cases it is
unnecessary to evaluate human exposures to sediments that are always
covered by surface water."
In accordance with this guidance, incidental ingestion and dermal
contact with sediment could occur for on -Site trespassers or off -Site
recreational visitors if the sediment is not submerged beneath surface
water. In areas where sediment is submerged, this exposure pathway
is incomplete. However, this is a potentially complete exposure
pathway in areas where sediment is exposed and dry.
• Ingestion of coal ash -derived COPCs could occur if people catch and
eat fish that have accumulated such substances in their edible tissues.
In order for this pathway to be complete, fish species that are large
enough for consumption would have to be present in the Broad
River. It should also be recognized that a portion of the metal body
Page 2-5

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
burden in fish tissues (e.g., mercury, selenium) may be contributed
by background levels in sediment and surface water from natural
occurrence or other sources. Direct ingestion of fish (tissue) caught
from the Broad River is a potentially complete exposure pathway.
COPC concentrations in surface water were compared with their
respective calculated risk -based concentrations (RBCs) (that
incorporate and are therefore protective of the fish ingestion
pathway) in the risk assessment for both recreational and subsistence
fishers.
• The Broad River is classified as Class WS-IV water and is the source
of local and regional drinking water supply. Municipalities and
industries that use the Broad River water as their source of potable
water for distribution to the public treat the water (e.g., filter,
disinfection, pH adjustment) as necessary to achieve federal and state
drinking water standards. To be conservative, the exposure pathway
from surface water to a residence is identified as potentially
complete, and municipal treatment of surface water to meet federal
drinking water standards has not been assumed. This pathway is
evaluated by comparing surface water analytical data collected from
the Broad River with drinking water -based screening levels.
2.2.4.4 Seeps and Seep Soil
Exposure to seeps and seep soil tends to be limited due to their discrete size
and isolated location; therefore, the applicable potential exposure pathway
to seep water would be limited to dermal contact. Exposure to seep soil
(i.e., the soil over which seep water is present) could also potentially occur
through dermal contact. On -site receptors (trespasser,
commercial/industrial worker) may be exposed to CCR constituents in seep
water and seep soil. Because AOWs are currently being addressed in
NPDES permits or the SOC, exposure to AOWs by trespassers and
commercial/industrial workers was not evaluated, although the associated
exposure pathways are considered complete.
2.2.4.5 Post -Excavation Soil
Post -excavation soil is a medium for evaluation after basin closure is
performed. It is included here as a receiving medium with a complete
exposure pathway for evaluation in the future.
Page 2-6

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
2.3 Ecological Conceptual Site Model
The ecological CSM was developed in a similar manner as the human health CSM
described above (i.e., identify sources and media where Site -related COPCs may be
present, determine the exposure pathways, identify the types of receptors, and identify
the exposure routes applicable to each of the receptor populations' direct or indirect
ingestion of COPCs). The original CSM for potential ecological receptors is presented in
the 2016 risk assessment (HDR, 2016). The updated ecological CSM is presented in
Figure 3 of this report. For surface water, the distribution of the constituents between
the dissolved and particulate phases is relevant in characterizing exposures. Chemical
and physical transformations that lead to a variety of chemical species, particularly for
metals/metalloids, might occur. Those occurrences might have important implications
for assessing the bioavailability of chemicals to ecological receptors and subsequent
potential for adverse effects. Information developed for the CSM was used to develop
the screening assessment (Section 4) and the development of the Baseline Ecological
Risk Assessment (BERA).
2.3.1 Sources and Release Mechanisms
Primary release mechanisms refer to how COPCs might be transported from the
original sources; secondary sources are environmental media that receive direct
or indirect chemical inputs from the primary source via chemical flow and
transport mechanisms. Flow and transport mechanisms include infiltration into
soils leaching to groundwater. Secondary sources include exposed soil (after
events such as closure of an ash basin). Secondary release mechanisms include
migration of COPCs from soil or groundwater to surface water and sediment.
For the purpose of this risk assessment, the potential and known source of
COPCs (principally metals) is associated with the coal ash basins.
2.3.2 Potential Exposure Pathways by Receiving Media
As shown on Figure 2, COPCs potentially could migrate from the coal ash basins
to soil (beneath the coal ash basins), groundwater, surface water, sediment, and
air. Principal migration pathways could include:
1) the infiltration and percolation of rainwater through the coal ash basins,
resulting in leaching of COPCs into soil beneath the basins and
subsequently to groundwater;
2) migration of COPCs in groundwater and subsequent discharge of
groundwater to surface water;
3) run-off of surface water and/or erosion into surface water bodies. Eroded
particles in surface water can settle and be incorporated into sediment,
Page 2-7

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
and COPCs in groundwater discharge can adsorb to sediment particles.
COPCs in soil and surface water also can be taken up by biota.
4) COPCs in unsaturated media can be entrained as dusts in outdoor air.
Receiving media include:
• Outdoor air
• Groundwater
• On -Site seep water and seep soil (AOW)
• On -Site surface water, sediment, and biotic tissue
• On -Site soil beneath the coal ash basin (post -excavation soils)
• On -Site surface water, sediment, and biotic tissue
• Off -Site surface water, sediment, and biotic tissue
Groundwater and air are not traditionally evaluated in ecological risk
assessments, as the exposure pathway is either incomplete (groundwater) or
insignificant (air). Although consumption (drinking) of surface water is
evaluated in the BERA, exposure via this pathway does not typically contribute
substantially to exposure and subsequent effects from COPCs for ecological
receptors. Risks associated with sediment exposure were estimated from CCR
constituent concentrations in bulk samples.
2.3.3 Ecological Receptors
Ecological receptors are represented by "indicator" or "surrogate" organisms
that represent other animals within their generic class, order, or family. The
receptor groups evaluated in the BERA were selected on the basis that they
commonly occur on and nearby Duke Energy sites, and they represent most
species with the potential for exposure to CCR constituents that may have
migrated from the ash basin. While some receptor groups are not specifically
evaluated, such as plant communities and amphibians and reptiles, the
conservative assumptions and procedures inherent in the risk assessment
process are likely protective of those potential receptors. Ecological receptors
selected for this BERA include:
• Benthic Macroinvertebrates
• Fish
Page 2-S

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
• Birds
• Mammals
As presented on Figure 3, birds and mammals can be classified as either aquatic
or terrestrial. Aquatic species would represent organisms that forage or nest in
streams, rivers, or lakes; for Duke Energy facilities, that can include both on -Site
and off -Site areas. Terrestrial organisms would represent organisms that forage
or nest in upland areas, which, for the Duke Energy facilities, are generally on -
Site areas. The indicator species listed on Figure 3 are used to represent the
terrestrial and aquatic receptors at Cliffside. Home range/foraging area sizes
were considered when evaluating potential exposures for these receptor species.
2.3.4 Exposure Routes
Ingestion, dermal contact, and inhalation are potential routes by which ecological
receptors could be exposed at the Site. With the exception of benthic
invertebrates and fish (with gill exposure), ingestion is considered to be the
primary route contributing to food chain exposure (i.e., mammals and birds).
While surface (drinking) water is addressed, this pathway is typically a minor
contributor to risk, as many animals either obtain adequate hydration through
ingestion of their prey or the volume of drinking water consumed is low
compared to their overall body weight. Dermal exposure is not a significant
pathway, as the presence of fur, feathers, or a thick integument prevents
substantial exposure to soils (preening also results in the inadvertent ingestion of
soils/sediment).
2.3.5 Exposure Pathways
Although many types of birds and mammals might potentially be exposed to
background and Site -related COPCs, receptors selected as indicator receptors in
this assessment are expected to be ubiquitous in terms of regional habitat.
Habitats surrounding representative sample locations at CSS are considered
primarily aquatic; therefore, the exposure pathways associated with aquatic
receptors were evaluated for this Site. Exposure pathways associated with
terrestrial receptors are considered incomplete. Ecological receptors, exposure
media, and exposure routes are as follows:
• Benthic invertebrates — Surface water and sediment are the principal
exposure pathways for benthic invertebrates, as these organisms are in
intimate contact with these media.
Page 2-9

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
Fish — Surface water is a critical exposure pathway for fish, as their gill
membrane is continuously exposed to this medium; metal toxicity to
aquatic organisms is typically mediated at the surface water/gill interface.
• Aquatic Birds
Mallard (omnivore) — Plants and benthic invertebrates are the primary
exposure media via ingestion for dabbling ducks; sediment is
inadvertently ingested when feeding on invertebrates at the bottom of the
water body.
Great blue heron (piscivore) — Ingestion of fish is the primary component
of the diet, and therefore the primary route of exposure.
• Aquatic Mammals
Muskrat (herbivore) — Ingestion of wetland plants is the primary
component of the diet, and sediment is inadvertently ingested during
feeding.
River otter (piscivore) — Ingestion of fish is the primary component of the
diet (no incidental ingestion of sediment), and therefore the primary route
of exposure.
Reptiles and amphibians likely inhabit the exposure areas evaluated in the risk
assessment. However, the limited toxicity and exposure information for these
groups precludes their assessment.
2.3.5.1 Surface Water, Sediment, and Fish
Surface water and sediment are the principal exposure pathways for benthic
invertebrates, as these organisms are in intimate contact with these media.
Surface water is a critical exposure pathway for fish, as their gill membrane
is continuously exposed to this medium; metal toxicity to aquatic organisms
is typically mediated at the surface water/gill interface.
Benthic invertebrates and plants can uptake metals from surface water and
potentially accumulate them in tissue (i.e., bioconcentration). Some fish feed
on invertebrates or plants and can, in turn, be exposed to the metals via
ingestion that have been taken up by lower trophic level organisms. For
fish, direct uptake from surface water is the predominant exposure pathway
for metals. Piscivorous birds (e.g., herons) and mammals (e.g., river otter)
consume fish as the main component of their diet. Omnivorous birds such
as mallards also consume aquatic plants and benthic invertebrates.
Page 2-10

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
Exposure to Site -related COPCs will therefore be indirect, i.e., accumulated
from surface water and sediment into fish or aquatic plants which are then
subsequently consumed.
The inadvertent ingestion of sediment is also an important exposure
pathway for some avian and mammalian receptors. Birds that feed off the
bottom of a waterbody (e.g., dabbling ducks) and birds that glean insects or
worms in the sediment or soil (e.g., stilts, sandpipers, robins) can
inadvertently ingest significant amounts of sediment, up to 30 percent of the
weight of their diet.
Similarly, mammals can inadvertently ingest soil or sediment when
ingesting their prey.
2.3.5.2 Seeps and Seep Soils
On -site receptors, such as mammals and birds, have the potential to be
exposed to seeps and seep soil adjacent to the ash basin. Seeps may be
evaluated separately from the surface water bodies as the potential for
exposure may be limited due to the discrete size of each seep and isolated
location(s). Potential exposure may occur to seeps soil via incidental
ingestion of the soil or dietary ingestion of plants or invertebrates that have
been exposed to metals from seep soil. Because AOWs are currently being
addressed in NPDES permits or the SOC, they are not subject to this risk
assessment.
2.3.5.3 Post -Excavation Soil
Post -excavation soil is a medium for evaluation after basin closure is
performed. It is included here as a receiving medium so that the risk -based
methods for evaluating this medium in the future are in place.
2.3.6 Ecological Exposure Areas
The ecological risk assessment evaluated areas on and off -Site where wildlife
would likely be exposed to coal ash constituents that might have migrated from
the ash basins through groundwater or surface water features. The 2016 risk
assessment evaluated four ecological exposure areas (Figure 5):
• Ecological Exposure Area 1, located north of the Former Units 1-4 ash
basin (U14 AB), extending into the Broad River
• Ecological Exposure Area 2, located directly west of the active ash basin
(AAB) along Suck Creek
Page 2-11

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
• Ecological Exposure Area 3, located southwest of the AAB along Suck
Creek, upstream of Ecological Exposure Area 2
• Ecological Exposure Area 4, located north of the Unit 5 inactive ash basin
(U5 AB), extending into the Broad River, upstream of Ecological Exposure
Area 1
Potentially affected areas on -Site were classified as aquatic and evaluated for
exposure to Site COPCs. The aquatic habitat of Suck Creek and Broad River were
included in the on -Site and off -Site exposure areas evaluated.
2.4 Revised Conceptual Site Models and Exposure Areas
New information regarding groundwater flow and the treatment of source areas other
than the ash basins has resulted in refinement of exposure pathways and exposure
areas. The CSMs (Figure 2 and Figure 3) reflect potentially complete exposure
pathways with potential risks. Human health risks were evaluated Site -wide and in
adjacent areas. Ecological exposure areas evaluated in the BERA are depicted in Figure
5. Changes to the CSMs include:
• Exposure to CCR constituents by Site workers is considered incomplete. Duke
Energy maintains strict health and safety requirements and training, and the use
of personal protective equipment (e.g., boots, gloves, safety glasses) and other
safety behaviors exhibited by Site workers limits exposure to CCR constituents.
Following conservative risk assessment practices, the 2016 risk assessment report
considered CCR constituent exposure pathways for Site workers to be potentially
complete. Assessment of Site -specific exposure scenarios indicates that on -Site
worker exposure pathways are incomplete, and this 2018 risk assessment update
has been revised to reflect this change.
• Exclusion of AOWs from the current risk assessment also renders exposure of
coal ash constituents to the commercial/industrial worker incomplete.
• The number of ecological exposure areas was reduced from four to three, as
depicted in Figure 5. Ecological Exposure Area 3, evaluated in the 2016 risk
assessment, was eliminated because updated modeling and data collection
demonstrate that it is not influenced by groundwater migration from the ash
basins.
• Surface water sampling and sediment sampling of the Broad River allow for
direct assessment, rather than using AOW data as a surrogate.
Page 2-12

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
3.0 DATA EVALUATION
Data evaluated for the risk assessment included samples of groundwater, surface water,
and sediments collected from March 2015 to June 2019. Environmental samples were
analyzed and reported under the quality assurance/quality control program of the Duke
Energy Analytical Laboratory (Huntersville, NC). Data underwent Stage II data
validation in general accordance with USEPA Functional Guidelines for Evaluating
Inorganics Analyses (USEPA 1994, as updated). Data identified as usable during the
validation process was included in the risk assessment dataset.
3.1 Data Sources
Appendix C of the Cliffside CAP report contains a comprehensive data summary about
the Site. Attachment 1 of this Report provides a summary of sample locations with
associated data that was evaluated in this assessment. Sample locations are presented
on Figure 4.
3.1.1 On -Site Groundwater
Groundwater samples were collected from 257 monitoring wells located
downgradient of the ash basins.
3.1.2 Surface Water
Surface water samples were collected from 16 total locations in Broad River.
3.1.3 Sediment
Sediment samples were collected from 14 locations in the Broad River.
3.2 Background Data Used in Risk Assessment
Sampling locations considered background were not included in the risk assessment
EPC calculations but will be considered as part of the comparative results evaluation.
Site -specific background locations were selected for groundwater, soil, surface water,
and sediment as described in the Section 4 of the CAP Update Report (SynTerra, 2019).
Background threshold values (BTVs) for surface water and sediment were not
calculated; however, background locations for surface water and sediment were
approved as part of the evaluation of potential groundwater -to -surface water impacts
(Appendix J of the CAP). Background surface water sample locations are located
upstream from, or outside of, potential groundwater impact from the source area to
surface water.
Page 3-1

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
3.3 Data Summarization
Laboratory data were analyzed and summarized using data management software.
From these data, screening tables were developed for the purposes of comparing
detected concentrations of constituents in site media with human health and ecological
screening values to identify COPCs. These data were then analyzed using ProUCL (V.
5.0.00; USEPA, 2013a) to calculate exposure point concentrations of each COPC.
Page 3-2

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
4.0 HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL SCREENING
Laboratory results from sample analyses were compiled and summarized for
comparison with USEPA and NCDEQ human health and ecological screening values.
Summarized data included number of samples, frequency of detection, minimum and
maximum concentrations, location of maximum value for each constituent, range of
detection limits, concentration used for screening (i.e., maximum result), established
screening values, screening value used, COPC identification, and COPC selection
rationale.
4.1 Purpose and Methods
Groundwater, surface water, and sediment data were evaluated using screening levels
to select COPCs. Screening levels are concentrations of constituents in environmental
media (e.g., soil) considered to be protective under most circumstances; their use
requires a detailed understanding of the underlying assumptions in the CSM, including
land use and the presence of sensitive populations. The presence of a constituent in
environmental media at concentrations less than the media and constituent -specific
screening level is generally assumed to not pose a significant threat to human health or
the environment. If a constituent concentration is greater than the screening level, it
does not necessarily indicate adverse effects on human health or the environment; it
indicates only that additional evaluation might be warranted. Screening levels are used
in this report to help in identifying COPCs, with the COPCs then being carried forward
into the evaluation of risk at the Site.
4.2 Human Health Screening Levels
Attachment 2 presents constituent screening levels protective of human health used in
this evaluation, and the medium -specific screening levels are discussed below. For each
medium, screening is conducted by comparing maximum detected concentrations of
COPCs with one or more screening values that are applicable to the potentially
complete exposure pathways for the medium. This method of evaluation follows
USEPA's Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Part B (USEPA, 1991a). COPCs
detected at concentrations greater than screening levels are retained for further
evaluation in the human health risk assessment (Section 5). Screening levels used in
the screening assessment are indicated in the tables provided in Attachment 2. At the
time of the screening, the levels were considered the most recent published values.
Screening levels are routinely updated.
Page 4-1

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
4.2.1 Groundwater
The maximum detected concentration of constituents in groundwater were
compared with published screening levels listed below. Human health screening
levels for groundwater are generally derived to be protective of the use of
groundwater as a drinking water source. The human health screening levels for
groundwater used in this analysis are from federal and state sources and address
the drinking water exposure pathway. These sources, in the order in which they
are used, are:
• North Carolina 15A NCAC 02L.0202 Groundwater Standards (02L) and
Interim Maximum Allowable Concentrations (IMACs) (North Carolina
Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR,), 2013a)
• North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services Screening
Levels for Water Supply Well Sampling Near Coal Ash Facilities
(NCDHHS, 2015)
• USEPA 2012 Edition of the Drinking Water Standards and Health
Advisories, Spring 2012 (USEPA, 2012)
• USEPA Regional Screening Levels (RSLs), May 2018, values for tapwater
(USEPA, 2019)
The screening levels obtained from these sources include:
• USEPA's primary drinking water standards or maximum contaminant
levels (MCLs)
• USEPA's secondary drinking water standards or secondary maximum
contaminant levels (SMCLs)
• USEPA's tapwater (drinking water) RSLs
4.2.2 Surface Water
The maximum detected concentration of constituents detected in surface water
were compared with the screening levels identified below. Human health
screening levels for surface water are generally derived to be protective of the
use of surface water as a drinking water source and the consumption of fish from
a surface water body. The drinking water screening levels are also protective of
recreational uses of a surface water body (such as swimming or boating) because
drinking water exposure is of a higher magnitude and frequency. Federal and
state human health screening levels for surface water are incorporated in this
Page 4-2

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
analysis and address the drinking water exposure pathway and the fish
consumption pathway (State of North Carolina values).
For surface water bodies that are a source of public drinking water (e.g., Broad
River), these screening level sources are used in the following order:
• North Carolina 15A NCAC 02L.0202 Groundwater Standards and Interim
Maximum Allowable Concentrations )IMACs)s (NCDENR, 2013a)
• North Carolina 15A NCAC 2B Human Health Surface Water Standards;
Classifications and Water Quality Standards Applicable to Surface Waters
and Wetlands of North Carolina - values for WS - Water Supply and HH
- Human Health Standards (NCDENR, 2013b)
• USEPA Ambient Water Quality Criteria (AWQC) for Human Health
Consumption of Water and Organism and Consumption of Organism
Only (USEPA, 2015a)
• USEPA 2018 Edition of the Drinking Water Standards and Health
Advisories, Spring 2018 (USEPA, 2018a)
• USEPA RSLs, May 2019, values for tap water (USEPA, 2019)
4.2.3 Sediment
For sediment, screening levels for soil are used as a surrogate in the absence of
available published sediment screening levels. The maximum concentration of
constituents detected in sediments are compared with the following screening
levels, in the order in which they are used:
• North Carolina Preliminary Residential and Industrial Health Based Soil
Remediation Goal (PSRG) (NCDEQ, 2019)
• USEPA RSLs for residential and industrial soil (USEPA, 2019)
The NC PSRGs are risk -based screening levels that are based on the USEPA RSLs
for residential and industrial soil (USEPA, 2019). The RSLs are protective for
incidental ingestion, dermal contact, and dust inhalation exposure pathways.
The residential RSLs are based on an exposure frequency of 350 days and
exposure duration of 26 years, and the industrial soil RSLs are based on an
exposure frequency of 250 days per year and exposure duration of 25 years for
an adult worker. The RSLs are based on a target excess lifetime cancer risk
(ELCR) of 1x10-6 and a non -cancer hazard quotient (HQ) of 1. The PSRGs were
developed by NCDEQ by adjusting the non -cancer -based RSLs to a target hazard
Page 4-3

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
index (HI, which is being used interchangeably with the term HQ) of 0.2 to
account for multiple COPCs potentially acting on the same target organ
(NCDEQ, 2015). To be consistent, the RSLs in Attachment 2 have also been
adjusted to a target HI of 0.2 for non -carcinogens. The residential screening
levels are used to evaluate non -worker exposures to soil (trespasser exposures),
and the industrial screening levels are used to evaluate worker exposure to soil.
These screening levels would also apply to post -excavation soils.
4.2.4 Fish Tissue
Fish tissue COPCs are based on the surface water COPC screening process. The
surface water COPCs screening process takes into consideration the potential for
human exposure through ingestion of water, dermal contact with water and, for
some compounds, ingestion of aquatic organisms (e.g., fish). Surface water
COPCs are used in this risk assessment to identify constituents that may also be
fish tissue COPCs.
4.3 Ecological Screening Levels
Surface water and sediment data were compared with ecological screening
values (ESVs) (Attachment 3) that are designed to provide a conservative estimate of
the concentration to which an ecological receptor can be exposed without experiencing
adverse health effects. Due to the conservative methods used to derive screening levels,
it can be assumed with reasonable certainty that concentrations less than screening
levels will not result in any adverse effects to receptor survival, growth, and/or
reproduction, and, therefore, no further evaluation is necessary. Concentrations greater
than conservative risk -based screening levels do not necessarily indicate that a potential
ecological risk exists; however, further evaluation may be warranted.
Attachment 3 presents the ecological screening levels that are used for the initial
evaluation of COPCs, and the hierarchy for the media -specific screening levels is
discussed below. For each medium, the initial screening is conducted by comparing
maximum detected concentrations of COPCs with one or more screening values that are
applicable to the potentially complete exposure pathways for the medium. This
method of evaluation follows USEPA guidance for conducting screening level
ecological risk assessments (USEPA, 2015b). Constituents with concentrations that are
greater than screening levels are retained as COPCs for further evaluation in the BERA
(Section 6).
4.3.1 Surface Water
Surface water quality criteria are calculated from controlled laboratory tests on
freshwater or marine organisms that are protective of the most sensitive
Page 4-4

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
organism (often zooplankton, such as daphnids) for the most sensitive life stage
(typically reproduction). The following criteria are used to evaluate the levels of
metals in off -Site surface water, in the order in which they are to be used:
• North Carolina 15A NCAC 02B Surface Water Standards; Classifications
and Water Quality Standards Applicable to Surface Waters and Wetlands
of North Carolina; Freshwater Aquatic Life Chronic and Acute (NCDENR,
2013b)
• USEPA Region 4 Freshwater Chronic Screening Values (USEPA, 2015c)
• USEPA AWQC Freshwater Chronic (USEPA, 2015b)
4.3.2 Sediment
Sediment screening values, often called sediment quality values, are frequently
based on a number of databases or consensus -based studies that determine a
concentration less than which there is a low probability for adverse effects on
benthic macroinvertebrates. Many of these values were developed from
environmental samples that were "mixtures" of metals so that the actual
response due to a single element or metal may be conservatively biased by a co -
contaminant. USEPA Region 4 Ecological Screening Values for Sediment
(USEPA, 2018c) are used to evaluate levels of metals in both on -Site and off -Site
sediments. These ESVs generally represent the lowest value that will be
protective of the most sensitive species and/or life stage for sediment dwelling
organisms.
4.4 Results of Screening for Constituents of Potential Concern
The result of this screening is a list of COPCs to be further evaluated quantitatively in
the risk assessment. The risk assessment results are used to evaluate the potential risk
to humans and ecological receptors posed by constituent concentrations that are greater
than regulatory risk targets. The medium at risk is identified. Screening levels for both
human health and ecological receptors (Attachments 2 and 3) are employed, using the
hierarchy for screening level selection for each medium as identified in the sections
above to identify the appropriate screening level for each analyte. COPCs are identified
as those constituents having a maximum detected concentration greater than the
selected screening level.
The following categories are used to identify COPCs:
1. The constituent is identified as a COPC because the maximum detected
concentration is greater than the screening level.
Page 4-5

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
2. The constituent is not identified as a COPC because all detected concentrations
are less than the applicable screening level.
3. The constituent is not identified as a COPC because it was not detected at a
concentration greater than the quantitation limit; and the quantitation limit is less
than the screening level.
4. The constituent is not identified as a COPC because it was not detected at a
concentration greater than the quantitation limit; however, the quantitation
limit(s) is greater than the screening level.
5. The constituent was detected, but there is no current screening value available
(for example, screening values are not available for essential nutrients such as
calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium) and the constituent is therefore not
identified as a COPC.
6. The constituent is not identified as a COPC because it was not detected at a
concentration greater than the quantitation limit and there is no current
screening level available.
Designation as Category 1 identifies a constituent as a COPC and advances it into
further refinement and investigation in the human health and ecological risk
assessments. Selection of Categories 2 through 6 result in a constituent not being
included in the list of potential COPCs, and not advancing into the quantitative risk
assessment.
This screening process results in a list of COPCs that are then quantitatively evaluated
in the risk assessments. While the CSM was developed to address potential source -
migration pathway -receptor linkages for coal ash -derived COPCs, it is important to
note that the COPCs identified from the screening process are not necessarily coal -ash
derived. Naturally occurring inorganic constituents can be present at concentrations
greater than conservative risk -based screening levels. Background constituent levels
will be considered in the discussion of the results of the risk assessment.
4.4.1 Human Health Screening Results
Attachment 2 contains the human health screening tables. The following
constituents were retained as COPCs for evaluation in the human health risk
assessment.
Medium/Location COPC
Surface Water - Broad River Aluminum, chromium (VI), cobalt,
manganese, zinc
Page 4-6

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
Medium/Location COPC
Sediment - Broad River Aluminum, arsenic, cobalt, manganese,
thallium
Groundwater Aluminum, antimony, arsenic, beryllium,
boron cadmium, chromium (total),
chromium (VI), cobalt, lead, lithium,
manganese, mercury, molybdenum,
nickel, radium (total), selenium, strontium,
thallium, vanadium, zinc
4.4.2 Ecological Screening Results
The following constituents were retained as COPCs for evaluation in the baseline
ecological risk assessment.
Medium/Location
COPC
Surface Water - Exposure Area 1
Aluminum, manganese
Sediment - Exposure Area 1
Aluminum, barium, chromium (total),
manganese
Surface Water - Exposure Area 2
Aluminum, manganese
Sediment - Exposure Area 2
Barium
Surface Water - Exposure Area 4
Aluminum
Sediment - Exposure Area 4
Aluminum, barium, manganese
Page 4-7

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
5.0 HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
5.1 Risk -Based Concentrations
The human health risk assessment was conducted by identifying receptor/exposure
medium/exposure pathway combinations and, for each, developing a Site -specific risk -
based concentration (RBC). The RBCs were developed using receptor -specific exposure
factors and assumptions. The RBCs are essentially refined screening levels used to
account for the receptor population characteristics and exposure pathways applicable to
each of the receiving media identified in the CSM. As such, human health RBCs are
more realistic (less conservative) than screening levels and are better measures of
potential risks. Exposure assumptions and toxicity values used in derivation of RBCs
are included as Attachment 4, which is excerpted from the 2015 risk assessment work
plan (Haley & Aldrich, 2015). Exposure assumptions and toxicity values were
confirmed as current for use in this risk assessment. As previously stated, the NCDEQ
Technical Guidance for Risk -based Environmental Remediation of Sites contains a risk
calculator for deriving human health risk -based remediation goals (NCDEQ, 2017).
While this risk assessment follows similar procedures, North Carolina's Session Law
2015-286 does not allow the technical guidance and risk calculator to be used at CAMA
sites.
5.2 Exposure Point Concentrations
Exposure point concentrations, or EPCs, were calculated for each COPC in each
medium (Attachment 5). USEPA defines the EPC as the representative chemical
concentration a receptor might contact in an exposure area over the exposure period
(USEPA, 1989). Separate EPCs are calculated for each exposure pathway for each
scenario and each exposure area. The typical concept of human exposure within a
defined exposure area is that an individual contacts the associated environmental
medium on a periodic and random basis. Because of the repeated nature of such
contact, the human exposure does not really occur at a fixed point but rather at a variety
of points with equal likelihood that any given point within the exposure area will be the
contact location on any given day. Thus, USEPA states that the EPCs should be the
arithmetic averages of the chemical concentrations within the exposure area (USEPA,
2002). However, to account for uncertainty in estimating the arithmetic mean
concentration that might occur due to matrix heterogeneity, spatial variability, and/or
temporal variability, the USEPA recommends that an upper confidence limit (UCL) be
used to represent the EPC (USEPA, 2002).
The UCL values were calculated using the ProUCL software and the recommended
UCL based on dataset distribution was relied upon for the development of EPCs (V.
Page 5-1

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
5.0.00; USEPA, 2013a). In accordance with USEPA guidance, EPCs are based on the
lesser of the 95 percent UCL on the arithmetic mean concentration (95 percent UCL
value) or the maximum detected concentration in the data set (USEPA, 2002).
5.3 Risk Calculation Approach
Risk -based concentrations were developed for each receptor/medium/exposure
pathway/COPC combination. The RBCs were then used in a cumulative risk screening
to calculate potential Site -specific risks by receptor.
Both potentially carcinogenic and non -carcinogenic effects of COPCs are included in the
RBC development. The RBCs based on non -cancer effects of COPCs were calculated
based on a target hazard index, or HI of unity (HI =1), which corresponds to levels of
exposure that people (including sensitive individuals such as children) could
experience without expected adverse effects. The RBCs based on potentially
carcinogenic effects were calculated based on a conservative target risk level of 1x10-4 (1
in 10,000 excess lifetime cancer risk or ELCR). This target risk level is within the target
risk range of 1 in 1 million to 1 in 10,000 (USEPA, 1991b) and is consistent with the
target risk level used for the derivation of the North Carolina fish tissue screening levels
(NCDWR, 2014). Only one COPC, arsenic, is identified by USEPA as a carcinogen by
the oral route of exposure. The USEPA has proposed that hexavalent chromium be
classified as an oral carcinogen, but that review process is not yet completed.
Nonetheless, USEPA does use an oral cancer toxicity value derived by the State of New
Jersey in its risk -based screening level tables (USEPA, 2019), and therefore, inhalation
and oral/dermal cancer -based RBCs have been calculated for hexavalent chromium.
Rather than derive Site -specific RBCs for lead, the USEPA RSLs were used as RBCs.
The residential soil RSL for lead of 400 mg/kg was used as the soil/sediment RBC for the
child on -Site trespasser. The commercial/industrial soil RSL of 800 mg/kg was used as a
surrogate for sediment in evaluation of the on -Site construction worker.
The USEPA has also developed an action level of 15 µg/L for lead in drinking water
(USEPA, 2012). For surface water and groundwater, the lead action level was used as
the RBC for all receptor scenarios.
Toxicity values used in the RBC calculations were selected from USEPA-approved
sources following USEPA guidance regarding the hierarchy of sources of human health
dose -response values in risk assessment (USEPA, 2003), as updated risk assessment
(USEPA, 2013b), and as documented 2016 derivation of RBCs (Attachment 4).
Page 5-2

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
5.4 Risk Calculations Using RBCs
COPC EPCs were compared with their respective scenario -specific and media -specific
RBCs for non -carcinogens (RBCnc) and carcinogens (RBC), as applicable
(Attachment 6). The comparison is made through calculation of non -carcinogenic risk
ratios (EPC nc/RBCnc) and carcinogenic risk ratios (EPCr/RBCc). The total non -
carcinogenic risk ratios for all COPCs that might produce non -carcinogenic health
effects were then summed for each medium for each exposure scenario. Likewise, the
total potentially carcinogenic risk ratios for all COPCs that produce carcinogenic health
effects were then summed for each medium for each exposure scenario.
A risk ratio equal to or less than 1 for a COPC indicates that the COPC EPC is not
greater than the scenario -specific and medium -specific RBC. Conversely, a risk ratio
greater than 1 for a COPC indicates that the COPC EPC is greater than the RBC for the
scenario and medium being evaluated. The true utility of deriving risk ratios, however,
is to evaluate the cumulative receptor risk associated with each exposure scenario.
Cumulative receptor risk is calculated by summing the COPC risk ratios attributed to
specific environmental media (media -specific risk ratio), and then the scenario -specific
exposure area risk ratio are calculated by summing the media -specific risk ratios for all
potential exposure media evaluated under a given scenario. These calculations are
shown in the equations below. The calculation is performed separately for cancer and
non -cancer based risk ratios.
Cancer Risk Ratio = ( EPC1 ) + ( EPC2 ) + ( EPC3)
RBCc1 RBCc2 RBCc3
Non -Cancer Risk Ratio = ( EPC1 ) + ( EPC2 ) + ( EPC3)
RBCnc1 RBCnc2 RBCnc3
Parameter
Definition (units)
EPC
Exposure Point Concentration
RBCc
Risk -Based Concentration based on carcinogenic effects
RBCnc
Risk -Based Concentration based on noncarcinogenic effects
To calculate the potential risk associated with each summed ratio, the ratio is multiplied
by the target risk used in the development of the RBCs. For non -carcinogenic health
effects, the target HI used in the RBC calculations is 1. For potentially carcinogenic
health effects, this is an ELCR target risk level used in the RBC calculations of 1x10-4.
Page 5-3

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
The ELCR is the probability of contracting cancer over and above the background
cancer rate. The American Cancer Society estimates that the lifetime probability of
contracting cancer in the U.S. is 1 in 2 (5 x 10-1) for men and 1 in 3 (3 x 10-1) for women
(American Cancer Society, 2019). Therefore, an ELCR of 1 x 10-4 among a hypothetical
population of 10,000 generic men would result in one more case of cancer than the
background probability total.
In accordance with USEPA risk assessment guidance, the cumulative cancer risk (i.e.,
carcinogen additivity) is evaluated against the USEPA target ELCR of 1x10-6 to 1x10-4 for
potentially carcinogenic constituents. Likewise, the cumulative non -cancer risk (i.e.,
non -carcinogen additivity) is evaluated against the USEPA target HI of 1 for non -
carcinogenic constituents (that act on the same target organ by the same mechanism of
action), as defined in USEPA guidance (USEPA, 1991a). Further evaluation is
warranted for exposure areas where the cumulative HI is greater than 1 to evaluate
whether the cumulative HI is comprised of chemical constituents that act on a common
(single) target organ or on separate (multiple) target organs.
Comparison of EPCs to scenario -specific and media -specific RBCs calculated for the
hypothetical exposure scenarios and the resulting risk estimates are presented in Tables
6-1 through 6-18 of Attachment 6.
5.5 Human Health Risk Assessment Results
There is no exposure to residential receptors at or near CSS because there are no
complete exposure pathways. No one lives on -Site or near enough to the Site to be
affected by groundwater migration from the ash basins. Potential receptors on -Site
include the construction worker. Potential receptors off -Site are recreational users of
the Broad River, including swimmers, waders, boaters, and fishers. However,
background concentrations of the same elements also present similar risks not
associated with the ash basin to the same potential receptors.
5.5.1 On -Site Construction Worker Exposure Scenario
Attachment 6, Table 6-1 presents the results of the risk calculations for
groundwater exposure to the Construction Worker. The updated risk
assessment found no evidence of non -carcinogenic or carcinogenic risks
associated with exposure to groundwater by Site workers.
5.5.2 Boater, Swimmer, and Wader Exposure Scenarios
Attachment 6, Tables 6-2 through 6-6 present the results of the risk calculations
for the boater, swimmer and wader exposure scenarios. No evidence of
Page 5-4

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
carcinogenic or non -carcinogenic risks for recreational swimmer, wader, or
boater exposure scenarios was identified.
5.5.3 Fisher Exposure Scenario
Attachment 6, Tables 6-7 through 6-9 present the results of the risk calculations
for the recreational and subsistence exposure scenarios. Fish tissue
concentrations were modeled from detected surface water concentrations. No
evidence of carcinogenic or non -carcinogenic risks from consumption of fish
from the Broad River was identified for the recreational fisher scenario.
Hexavalent chromium concentrations in surface water produced modeled results
of potential carcinogenic ELCR within the USEPA target risk range of 1x 10-4 and
1 x 10-6 under the recreational and subsistence fishing exposure scenarios.
However, substituting hexavalent chromium concentrations detected in surface
water samples upstream of the Site also resulted in modeled ELCR within
USEPA's target risk range under the exposure assumptions. There is, therefore,
no material increase in cancer risks attributable to the ash basins. Moreover, risk
estimates from fish consumption are based on CCR constituent concentrations in
fish tissue modeled from concentrations in surface water. Thus, the modeled
concentration of hexavalent chromium in fish tissue is likely overestimated. l
Potential non -carcinogenic risks from consumption of fish containing cobalt
(modeled from surface water concentrations) were modeled for the subsistence
fisher on the Broad River. Subsistence fishing, defined by USEPA (2000) as
ingestion of 170 grams (0.375 pounds) of fish per day, has not been identified on
the Broad River.2 But even if there were subsistence fishers using the water
body, there would be no material increase in risks to them posed by the ash
1 For conservative estimation of hexavalent chromium concentrations in fish tissue, the recreational and
subsistence fisher exposure models used in this risk assessment assume a hexavalent chromium
bioconcentration factor (BCF) of 200 (NCRP, 1996). Bioconcentration is the process by which a chemical is
absorbed by an organism from the ambient environment through its respiratory and dermal surfaces
(Arnot and Gobus, 2006). The degree to which bioconcentration occurs is expressed as the BCF.
Published BCFs for hexavalent chromium in fish can be as low as one, suggesting that potential
bioconcentration in fish is low (USEPA, 1980; 1984; Fishbein, 1981; ATSDR, 2012). The conservative BCF
of 200 used here likely overestimates the hexavalent chromium concentration in fish tissue.
2 To put the fish ingestion rate into context, a 170 gram per day fish meal is approximately equal to 6
ounces or approximately five fish sticks per meal (see http://gortons.com/product/original-batter-
tenders); it is assumed that the subsistence fisher catches this amount of fish in the local water body and
has such a fish meal once per day, every day for years.
Page 5-5

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
basin. The cobalt EPC used in the risk assessment was 0.8 µg/L, compared to the
upstream concentration of 0.2 µg/L. When substituted into the risk assessment
model, the upstream cobalt concentration also resulted in modeled potential
risks. There is no material increase in risks attributable to the ash basins. In any
event, the fisher exposure scenarios overestimate risks based on exposure model
assumptions of bioconcentration and fish consumption rates. There is not likely
to be any material increase in non -carcinogenic risks for the subsistence fisher
scenario.
The risk assessment found no evidence of risks associated with exposure to
groundwater by Site workers. Trespasser exposure to AOWs was not evaluated
because AOWs are addressed in the SOC. There is, therefore, no material
increase in risks associated with on -Site exposure scenarios.
5.6 Findings of Drinking Water Supply Well Surveys
Results from surveys conducted to identify potential groundwater receptors, including
public and private water supply wells and surface water features within a 0.5-mile
radius of the CSS pre-2018 ash basin compliance boundaries, have been reported to
NCDEQ:
• Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basin Drinking Water Supply Well and Receptor Survey
(HDR, 2014a)
• Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basin Supplement to Drinking Water Well and Receptor
Survey (HDR, 2014b)
• Comprehensive Site Assessment Report Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basin (HDR,
2015a)
• Draft Drinking Water Well and Receptor Survey Cliffside Steam Station (HDR, 2016b)
No public or private drinking water wells or wellhead protection areas were found to
be located downgradient of the ash basins. This finding has been supported by field
observations, a review of public records, evaluation of historical groundwater flow
direction data, and results of groundwater flow and transport modeling. The locations
and information pertaining to water wells located upgradient or side -gradient of the
facility, within a 0.5 mile radius of the pre-2018 compliance boundaries, were included
in the survey reports.
A total of 71 private water supply wells were identified within the 0.5-mile radius of the
pre-2018 ash basin compliance boundaries. Most of these water supply wells were
located south, southeast, east, and northeast of the AAB off of McCraw Road, Prospect
Page 5-6

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
Church Road, Fox Place, and Riverfront Drive, west and southwest of the U5 AB along
Duke Power Road, US-221A, and Old US-221A; and north of the Broad River.
5.6.1 Provision of Alternative Water Supply
Although results from local water supply well testing do not indicate effects
from the source areas at CSS, owners of water supply wells identified within the
0.5-mile radius of the pre-2018 compliance boundaries have been offered to be
connected to an alternative water supply, per GS 130A-309.211(cl) requirements.
No sampled water supply wells were deemed impacted by COI -affected
groundwater (Section 5.3.5 of the CAP).
Duke Energy identified a total of 70 eligible connections for a public water
supply connection near CSS. Eligibility was contingent that the property did not
include:
• A business
• A church
• A school
• Connection to the public water supplier
• An empty lot
Of the 70 eligible connections, one opted out of the option to connect to the
public water system and two did not respond to the offer. Duke Energy
connected 65 occupied residences to the public water system, and two will be
connected in the future in accordance with G.S. 130A-309.211(cl) requirements.
On September 5, 2018, Duke Energy provided completion documentation to
NCDEQ to fulfill the requirements of House Bill 630. NCDEQ provided
correspondence, dated October 12, 2018, to confirm that Duke Energy
satisfactorily completed the alternative water supply provisions under CAMA
G.S. 130A-3099.211(cl) at CSS. Both documents are provided in Appendix D.
Figure 5-9 shows the public and private water supply well locations with
reference to properties connected to the public water supply, along with vacant
parcels and residential properties whose owners have either decided to opt -out
of the water treatment system program or did not respond to the offer. As
discussed further in Sections 6, 7, and 8, all of the eligible households are located
either upgradient or side -gradient of the ash basins and all water supply wells
are outside of the area of groundwater affected by ash basins or the ASA.
Page 5-7

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
5.6.2 Future Groundwater Use Area
Duke Energy owns the land and controls the use of groundwater on the land
downgradient of the ash basins and ASA within and beyond the predicted area
of potential groundwater COI influence. Therefore, no future groundwater use
areas are anticipated downgradient of the ash basins or ASA.
It is anticipated that residences within a 0.5-mile of the ash basin compliance
boundaries that did not connect to the public water supply will continue to rely
on groundwater resources for water supply for the foreseeable future.
5.7 Uncertainty Analysis
The risk assessment process involves assumptions that must be made due to a lack of
absolute scientific knowledge. Some of the assumptions are supported by considerable
scientific evidence, while others have less support. Every assumption introduces some
degree of uncertainty into the risk assessment process. Regulatory risk assessment
methodology requires that in the absence of site -specific information conservative
assumptions be made throughout the risk assessment to aid in the protection of public
health. Therefore, when all of the assumptions are combined, it is much more likely that
risks are overestimated rather than underestimated.
For some media, very few samples are available for use in the risk assessment. These
results might be representative of Site conditions, or the results might overestimate or
underestimate Site concentrations. All COPCs have been included in the risk
assessment without consideration of whether the concentrations are consistent with
Site -specific background.
CCR constituents not detected or constituents for which no screening level exists were
not carried forward in the risk assessment as COPCs, which may underestimate risk.
In accordance with USEPA Region 4 guidance, contact with submerged sediment is not
likely to occur, and quantitative risk characterization is not required. The evaluation of
sediment data in this risk assessment using RBCs that are based on incidental ingestion
and dermal contact exposures represents a conservative approach that is protective for
an assumption that sediment becomes exposed (i.e., not covered with surface water) at
some point in the future.
Radium was identified as a human health COPC in groundwater, but no RBC was
derived. The radium EPC was 2.05 pCi/L, compared to the Site background range of 1.5
pCVL to 3.1 pCi/L and the radium MCL of 5 pCVL. Therefore, potential risk associated
with exposure to radium in groundwater is considered negligible.
Page 5-8

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
6.0 BASELINE ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
The role of this baseline ecological risk assessment (BERA) is to: 1) evaluate whether
unacceptable risks are posed to ecological receptors from chemical stressors; and 2)
provide the information necessary to make a risk management decision concerning the
practical need and extent of remedial action.
The BERA was developed consistent with the traditional ecological risk assessment
paradigm: Problem Formulation, Exposure and Effects Characterization, and Risk
Characterization. Because of the many permutations of conservative parameters, an
Uncertainty Evaluation section is also included. The BERA generally adheres to the
"Ecological Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund: Process for Designing and
Conducting Ecological Risk Assessments" (USEPA, 1997) as well the "Supplemental
Guidance to ERAGS: Region 4, Ecological Risk Assessment" (USEPA, 2015d), and North
Carolina Department of Environmental and Natural Resources "Guidelines for
Performing Screening Level Ecological Risk Assessments" (NCDENR, 2003).
EPCs for potential ecological receptors were calculated for COPCs and provided in
Attachment 7, and results are presented in Attachment S.
6.1 Problem Formulation
The Problem Formulation step defines the objectives and scope of the BERA. This step
identifies, evaluates, and/or quantifies the following:
Identifying/Prioritizing COPCs: Constituents of potential concern are chosen
based on the type of source(s), concentration, background levels, frequency of
detection, persistence, bioaccumulation potential, toxicity/potency, fate and
transport (e.g., mobility to groundwater), and potential biological effects. A
discussion of the first step of this process, which is screening conducted to
identify COPCs, can be found in Section 4. Initial screening consists of
comparing the maximum concentration of each constituent in the applicable
media with conservative environmental screening levels. Section 4 discusses
selection of COPCs (post -screening).
Identification of Receptors: Individual organisms, populations, or communities
that might be exposed to site -related constituents in environmental media are
identified based on site location, setting, and available habitat at the site.
Receptors are presented in Figure 3 (Ecological CSM).
Page 6-1

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
Selection of Endpoints: Assessment and measurement endpoints are used to
evaluate the ecological health of a site. Assessment endpoints describe the
characteristics of an ecosystem that have an intrinsic environmental value that is
to be protected (i.e., protection of warm -water fish community; no potential risk
to endangered species). Typically, assessment endpoints and receptors are
selected for their potential exposure, ecological significance, economic
importance, and/or societal relevance. Because assessment endpoints often
cannot be measured directly, a set of surrogate endpoints (measures of effect, or
measurement endpoints) are generally selected for ecological risk assessment
that relate to the assessment endpoints and have measurable attributes (e.g.,
comparison of media concentrations to screening benchmarks, results of food
web models) (USEPA, 1997; USEPA, 1998). These measures of effect provide a
quantitative metric for evaluating potential effects of constituents on the
ecosystem components potentially at risk. These endpoints are discussed in
Section 6.
The problem formulation culminates in a refined CSM, which identifies the primary
and secondary source(s), receptors, and exposure pathways that are applicable to the
Site. The ecological CSM described in Section 2 was refined based on the site -specific
information analyzed in the problem formulation. The CSM is an integral component
in the specification of the objectives and scope of the BERA, and is amenable to
adjustment as more information is gathered over time.
6.1.1 Refinement of Constituents of Potential Concern
Per Step 3 of the USEPA Region 4 ecological risk assessment guidance, COPCs
that have been retained using the risk -based screening described in Section 4
were evaluated using a multiple lines -of -evidence approach in the BERA. These
lines -of -evidence include:
Comparison to Background Concentrations: If sufficient data are
available, site -related concentrations are compared to background (i.e.,
upstream or reference) concentrations.
Nutrients: Constituents that are required minerals, electrolytes, or
cofactors in the diet include: calcium, chloride, chromium, cobalt, copper,
magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, potassium, selenium, sodium, and
zinc. Some of these may be readily eliminated from the COPC list,
particularly for those that are relatively inert (e.g., calcium, potassium) or
if the levels in applicable media are comparable to levels that naturally
occur in the environment for a particular county or region (U.S.Geological
Page 6-2

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
Survey (USGS), 1984; USGS, 2001). However, some of these constituents
can be coal ash -related therefore, for the purposes of this screening, only
calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium will be identified as
essential nutrients, and will not be included for quantitative evaluation in
the BERA.
Frequency, Magnitude, and Pattern of Detection: Generally speaking,
COPCs with less than a 5 percent frequency of detection can be removed
from consideration. Professional judgment may be exercised on metals
that might have a higher frequency of detection but relatively low
concentrations (e.g., compared with naturally occurring levels). Spatial
patterns are also important to evaluate.
Mode of Toxicity and/or Potential for Trophic Transfer: Some
constituents will not be transported into the food web; therefore,
consideration of persistence and/or toxicity might be an important line -of -
evidence that should be discussed in COPC refinement. For example,
boron might be taken up in plankton, but it might not present a risk to
upper level organisms; chromium might not be a concern in wetland
sediments [reduced to insoluble trivalent chromium (Cr (III)]; and
mercury and selenium might not be a concern in dry soils as there is low
potential to be methylated to a more bioavailable and toxic organic form.
Exposure Considerations: Bioavailability and chemical form play integral
parts in the actual exposure of ecological receptors to metals, particularly
for solid phase metals that are not as easily absorbed as dissolved phase
metals and/or organic compounds and for constituents such as arsenic,
which are typically found in less toxic organic forms in the food chain.
Yet most risk assessments conservatively assume that the bioavailability
of substances in environmental media (e.g., sediment, food sources) is the
same as the form used to establish dose -response information in
toxicological testing. Often, the form used in toxicological testing has
much greater relative bioavailability than forms naturally found in
environmental media. In this risk assessment, where bioavailability
factors can be documented, they will be incorporated as a separate
"bioavailability factor" (i.e., if known, rather than modeled, metal uptake
from soils to plants, soil to invertebrates, water to fish, etc.). Additionally,
some animal species might have fairly large home ranges/foraging areas,
thus decreasing their overall exposure in the environs of a discreet site.
Page 6-3

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
Seasonal migrations might also reduce site exposure time and is
addressed by the use of a seasonal use factor (SUF) in the risk calculations,
as described below. Wildlife exposure parameters used in this BERA are
listed in Attachment 8. Select wildlife exposure parameters were updated
from the 2015 work plan and are considered appropriate for the Site.
6.1.2 Assessment and Measurement Endpoints
According to USEPA guidance, assessment endpoints are explicit expressions of
the actual environmental values (i.e., ecological resources) that are to be
protected (USEPA, 1997). Assessment endpoints can be either measured directly
or evaluated through indirect measures. Measurement endpoints represent
quantifiable ecological characteristics that can be measured, interpreted, and
related to the valued ecological component(s) chosen as the assessment
endpoints. Assessment endpoints, and associated measurement endpoints,
provide information to aid evaluation of the risk framework generated in the
CSM.
The following assessment and measurement endpoints were used to interpret
data concerning ecological risks within the Site and areas that might be affected
by the Site:
An assessment endpoint is defined as any adverse effect on bird and
mammal populations resulting from exposures to constituents in
applicable media and/or prey that could result in impairment of the
growth, reproduction, or survival of the ecological community (USEPA,
1997). Prevention of these types of adverse effects allows the continued
growth, reproduction, and survival of the ecological community.
A measurement endpoint is defined as a comparison of the estimated
concentrations, or receptor average daily doses (ADD) of constituents
(from environmental media), to conservative values known to be "safe"
when administered to birds and mammals (USEPA, 1997). Measurement
endpoints are as follows:
o For fish and invertebrates that dwell in the water column, AWQC
will be used to represent "safe" conservative benchmarks in
surface water (Attachment 3). Surface water EPCs are compared
directly with AWQCs; EPCs that are less than these benchmarks
represent levels that are not associated with ecological risks of
concern. Concentrations greater than these levels indicate that
additional evaluation is needed.
Page 6-4

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
o For benthic invertebrates, sediment EPCs will be compared with
USEPA Region 4 Sediment Screening Values (Attachment 3).
o For mammals and birds, the ADD is calculated for each COPC, for
each bird and mammal receptor of interest, and then compared
with a toxicity reference value (TRV). The ADD represents the
"dose" received by a receptor, in milligrams per kilogram of body
weight per day. This dose was compared with an estimated "safe"
dose, the TRV. The TRV is typically derived from a laboratory
toxicity study on a bird or mammal that uses a soluble (and
therefore more bioavailable) form of the metal. Since these forms
do not typically exist under environmental conditions, TRVs are
conservative and tend to overestimate risk.
6.1.3 Selection of Ecological Receptors of Interest
A wildlife species that would be expected to be intimately associated with
habitat is considered a receptor of interest (ROI). ROIs are identified, if
applicable, for each trophic level within the ecosystem. The choice of ROIs is
often dependent on the types of "indicator" or "surrogate" species (i.e., wildlife
that is ubiquitous and anticipated to inhabit the site) that will also have
extensively documented life histories and a documented set of allometric
parameters allowing empirical modeling (USEPA, 1993). As such, a specific ROI
may be used to represent one or more receptors of the same trophic level that are
potentially present at a site. The selection of the ROIs is presented in Attachment
8. This table presents, for each individual ROI, each animal's body weight,
normalized food and water ingestion rate (kg/kg body weight/day), composition
of the diet, home range, area use factors (site area/home range), and seasonal use
factors (months spent on site/12 months). The rationale for the selection of the
ROIs is as follows:
Benthic Invertebrates: Benthic invertebrates serve as prey for higher
trophic level species (e.g., fish and aquatic birds discussed below). They
are ubiquitous in aquatic waterbodies; therefore, the standard used to
protect them includes established Surface Water Quality Criteria and
Sediment Screening Levels discussed above (Section 4).
Fish: Like invertebrates, fish are also ubiquitous in most open water
environs with suitable environmental conditions, and the benchmark used
for their protection of long-term exposure to chemical constituents would
also be ambient Surface Water Quality Criteria.
Page 6-5

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
Aquatic mammals: The muskrat (herbivore) and the river otter
(piscivore) were selected as the ROIs, as they are common species and
ubiquitous in the southeast.
Aquatic birds: The mallard duck (omnivore) and the great blue heron
(piscivore), also ubiquitous, were chosen as ROIs. The mallard duck was
chosen as the avian species to represent an inhabitant of the aquatic
habitat. COPCs in aquatic plants, invertebrates and sediment would be
consumed by the mallard duck. Mallards consume both plants and
benthic invertebrates and will inadvertently ingest sediment during
feeding, and thus would represent a more conservative ROI. The great
blue heron was chosen as a higher trophic level species that primarily
consumes fish.
6.2 Exposure and Effects Characterization
The analysis phase of the ecological risk assessment consists of the technical evaluation
of data addressing existing and potential exposures to COPCs and ecological effects
thereof. The analysis is primarily based on empirical data collected in the field, but the
analysis also includes additional assumptions to assist in the interpretation of the data.
The analysis of exposure and effects is performed interactively, with the analysis of one
informing the analysis of the other. The estimation of EPCs was conducted in
accordance with USEPA ecological risk assessment guidance (USEPA, 1997; USEPA,
1998). For initial screening (Section 4), the maximum concentration within each
exposure medium was used as the EPC; and for the refined analysis (as described
below), the 95 percent UCL of the mean concentration, or the maximum concentration
in the case of insufficient sample size, was used as the EPC. BERA calculations are
presented in Attachment 8.
6.2.1 Estimation of Exposure
Exposures of aquatic receptors at the Site were calculated using Site -specific and
species -specific exposure models for two separate pathways: 1) indirect
exposure to COPCs in food (consumption of forage, soil invertebrates, or prey),
and 2) incidental ingestion of COPCs in surface soils or sediments. Although
ingestion of surface water by mammals and birds does occur, the pathway is
negligible compared to other pathways and is generally not included
quantitatively in a BERA; however, to be conservative, this pathway is included
here. In the case of mammals and birds, the dose of COPCs is known to be
negligible for the dermal and inhalation pathways and is, therefore, not
quantitatively evaluated (USEPA, 2003b).
Page 6-6

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
The total ADD of COPCs for mammals and birds, therefore, is entirely based on
consumption of food containing COPCs and, either directly or indirectly, soil
and/or sediment. The dose received from consumption of prey is derived by
calculating the COPC uptake into prey from surface water, sediment, and/or soil.
Parameters used to describe ingestion rates, body weights, dietary composition,
and home ranges of mammalian and avian ROIs are used to calculate ADD
values and are provided in Attachment 8. These allometric parameters were
developed by USEPA and were obtained from the "Wildlife Exposure Factors
Handbook" (USEPA, 1993).
The ADD for each ROI is the sum of the ingestion of plant matter, the ingestion
of animal matter, the ingestion of water, and the ingestion of soil (intentional or
inadvertent). The ADD is also typically adjusted for the how the animal's
behavior might affect exposure [i.e., the area use factor (AUF) accounts for the
fraction of home range and the SUF accounts for the time spent away due to
migration if applicable]. AUFs for selected ecological receptors for each
exposure area on -site are presented in Attachment 8.
The general ADD equation is:
Exposure = Total Average Daily Dose = [ADDP + ADDA + ADDs+ ADDw] x AUF
x SUF
where:
ADDP = average daily dose by ingestion of plant matter
ADDA = average daily dose by ingestion of animal matter
ADDS = average daily dose by ingestion of soil
ADDw = average daily dose by ingestion of water
AUF = area use factor (area of site habitat/area of receptor home range)
SUF = seasonal use factor (months inhabiting site/12 months per year)
The ADD from ingestion of plants (ADDP) is estimated as follows:
where:
ADDP = EPC x NIRP x OF
EPC = exposure point concentration in soil (mg COPC/kg soil)
NIRP = normalized ingestion rate of plant material (mg/kg body
weight/day)
OF = plant uptake factor for COPCs (kg plant/kg soil)
Page 6-7

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
and:
NIRP = NIRf x PF
NIRP = normalized ingestion rate of food (kg/kg body weight/day)
PF = fraction of diet that is plant matter (unitless)
The ADD from ingestion of prey/animals (ADDA) is estimated as follows:
where:
and:
ADDA = EPC x NIRA x BAFi
EPC = exposure point concentration in soil (mg COPC/kg soil)
NIRA = normalized ingestion rate of animal material (kg/kg body
weight/day)
BAFi = soil -to -soil dwelling biota uptake factor for COPCs (kg tissue/kg
soil)
NIRA = NIRf x AF
NIRP = normalized ingestion rate of food (kg/kg body weight/day)
AF = fraction of diet that is animal matter (unitless)
The ADD contributed by the ingestion of soil (ADDs) considers the mass of soil
(dry weight) as a fraction of the total dietary (dry weight) mass (i.e., plant +
animal):
where:
and:
ADDs = EPC x NIRs
EPC = exposure point concentration in soil (mg COPC/kg soil)
NIRs = normalized ingestion rate of soil (kg/kg body weight/day)
NIRP = normalized ingestion rate of food (kg/kg body weight/day)
SF = fraction of diet that is soil (unitless)
For piscivorous receptors, the diet is assumed to consist of 100 percent fish. Fish
tissue concentrations were measured directly when possible, or modeled using
Page 6-8

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
bioconcentration/bioaccumulation factor (BCFs/BAFs) when tissue concentration
data are not available. The ADD equation below is for estimating the average
daily dose to the avian piscivorous receptors. When applied to a mammalian
receptor, the dose of the sediment/soil is incorporated by adding the ADDs term.
The following ADDA equation was used for estimating the ADD of fish tissue
when fish tissue data were not available:
Where:
ADDA = EPC x NIRA x BAF (or BCF or BSAF)
EPC = exposure point concentration in surface water (mg/L) or sediment
(mg/kg)
NIRA = NIRf x AF
NIRf = normalized ingestion rate of food (kg/kg body weight/day)
BAF = bioaccumulation factor, either a surface water to fish
bioconcentration factor (BCF), or sediment to fish
bioconcentration factor (BSAF)
AF = fraction of diet that is animal (fish) matter (unitless)
If the recommended fish tissue data are available, then the EPC and the BAF
variables are replaced with the fish tissue wet weight COPC concentration data
(i.e., ADDA = EPC x NIRA). Each set of equations (plant, animal, soil) provides an
estimate of the expected environmental intake of COPCs as an ADD for the
specific exposure pathway. The ADDs for all exposure pathways (plants,
invertebrates, prey and soils) are then summed to calculate a total ADD for each
receptor for each COPC.
For the exposure of COPCs in drinking water, the ADDw term is:
ADDw = EPC x NIRw
Where:
EPC = exposure point concentration in surface water (mg/L)
NIRw = normalized ingestion rate of surface water (liters/kg body
weight/day)
EPCs for soil, sediment, fish, and surface water are based on the 95 percent UCLs
of each COPC.
Page 6-9

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
EPCs of COPCs in plants and/or earthworms are calculated using media EPCs
with an uptake factor (UF) or from soil -to -plant or soil -to -earthworm regression
equations developed by Baes et al. (1984) and Sample et al. (1997, 1998). Data
from previously published bioaccumulation models are used to estimate
concentrations of COPCs in plants (Efroymson et al., 1997b). These data also
represent the primary bioaccumulation data for inorganics integrated into the
USEPA Ecological Soil Screening Levels (Eco-SSLs) (USEPA, 2015e).
EPCs of COPCs in fish are used, in decreasing order of importance:
1) measured site -specific concentrations of COPCs in fish tissue,
2) residuals measured in tissue as part of a regional fish advisory study, if
available (e.g., conducted by NCDEQ),
3) concentrations in fish using bioconcentration factors estimated from
studies conducted in the southeast, and
4) concentrations in fish using bioconcentration factors estimated from
laboratory studies or obtained from the scientific literature (e.g., regional
studies that may have been performed by US Fish & Wildlife or USEPA as
part of different investigations).
For this Site, BCFs estimated from laboratory studies and/or literature were used
(i.e., option 4).
Once the ADDS are calculated using conservative dietary ingestion parameters
(above), the exposure will be adjusted by taking into account the AUF (i.e., the
acreage of the site divided by the area of receptor home range) and the SUF (i.e.,
adjusting the ADD based on period of time spent away from the site). For the
ROIs with relatively small home ranges (e.g., meadow vole, muskrat and robin),
the area of the site is anticipated to be greater than their home range, so the AUF
is anticipated to be 1.0. For wildlife with larger home ranges, the AUF is
anticipated to be less than 1.0. With regard to time, as the Site is located in the
southeast, all ROIs are expected to inhabit the Site all year round (i.e., SUF =1.0).
The exposure concentrations may also be adjusted for relative bioavailability (i.e.,
bioavailability of substance in exposure medium as compared to bioavailability
of substance in analyses used to establish the TRV) if regional studies/values are
Page 6-10

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
available, of which none were available. For this BERA, bioavailability of CCR
constituents is conservatively assumed to be 100 percent.
6.2.2 Effects Assessment
The ecological effects assessment consists of an evaluation of available toxicity or
other effects information that can be used to interpret the significance of the
exposures to COPCs relative to potential adverse effects to ecological receptors.
Data that can be used include literature -derived chemical toxicity data, and if
available, site -specific data [e.g. ambient media toxicity tests, and site -specific
field surveys are used if applicable (Suter et al., 1994)]. TRVs, which represent a
daily exposure or dose that is considered to be "safe" for the ROI over the
animal's lifetime, are used to evaluate whether the site -related exposure
concentration present a hazard to wildlife. The TRVs incorporate the
"bounded" no observed adverse effect levels (NOAELs) and lowest observed
adverse effects levels (LOAELs) associated with continuous chronic chemical
exposures.
TRVs for the ecological receptors are presented in Attachment 8. These values
represent the "safe" doses anticipated for mammals and birds after chronic
exposure to COPCs. TRVs were obtained from the published literature
summarizing the "bounded" NOAELs and LOAELs associated with continuous
chronic chemical exposures of mammals and birds to the COPCs selected for
evaluation (USEPA, 2015e). The TRVs presented in Attachment 8 are
conservative benchmarks because they represent some of the most sensitive
effects published in literature, being culled from thousands of peer -reviewed
articles and intended for use as screening criteria. Both NOAEL- and LOAEL-
based TRVs are identified for wildlife (birds and mammals). The TRVs for birds
and mammals were obtained from various sources, and focus was given to the
most recent sources and/or those derived or endorsed by USEPA (e.g., Eco-SSLs).
The toxicity studies used were initially selected from the Eco-SSLs (USEPA,
2015e). Other available literature may be used to refine TRVs depending on the
ROI selected for each site (e.g., Sample et al., 1996; USACHPPM, 2004).
6.3 Risk Characterization
Risk characterization essentially involves a quantitative estimation of risk followed by a
description and/or interpretation of its meaning. The purpose of the risk
characterization is to estimate the potential hazards associated with exposure to COPCs
and their relative degree of significance. During risk estimation, the exposure
Page 6-11

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
assessment and effects assessment are integrated to evaluate the likelihood of adverse
effects to the wildlife ROIs (birds and mammals).
The risk estimate is calculated by dividing the dose estimate (ADD) from the exposure
assessment by the applicable TRV (derived from the available literature) to obtain an
HQ:
ADD
_
HQ TRV
The HQs are based on ADDS estimated using an EPC defined as 95 percent UCL of the
mean. Per USEPA risk assessment guidance (USEPA, 1997), if an HQ is less than or
equal to 1.0, it is reasonable to conclude that there is no significant risk. Alternatively, if
an HQ is greater than 1.0, it does not necessarily mean that a significant ecological risk
from exposure to COPCs exists, but that further evaluation is warranted.
The HQs based on the ADD and TRV assume that the receptor obtains most of its food
from each site. A table is generated for each class of ROIs (e.g., avian, mammalian) and
each table presents HQs estimated for: 1) conservative TRVs that use NOAELs (or
"TRV — Low"), and 2) more realistic TRVs that use LOAELs (or "TRV — High"). The use
of the estimation of the HQ using the NOAEL is typically applied to individuals and/or
special status species that need to be protected (e.g., rare, threatened or endangered),
whereas the estimation of HQs using the LOAEL is typically interpreted as protective of
site -wide populations and/or communities of concern.
Attachment 9 presents protected species listed for Cleveland and Rutherford Counties
include 29 flora species (e.g., Carolina thistle (Cirsium carolinianum) and dwarf -flowered
heartleaf (Hexastylis naniflora)); two non -vascular plants (Appalachian pocket -moss
(Fissidens appalachensis) and roundleaf liverwort (Cephaloziella obtusilobulata)); two
lichens (rock gnome lichen (Gymnoderma lineare) and worthy shield lichen (Canoparmelia
amabilis)); two amphibian species (green salamander (Aneides aeneus) and crevice
salamander (Plethodon yonahlossee pop. 1)); one crustacean (Broad River spiny crayfish
(Cambarus spicatus)); one gastropod (dwarf threetooth (Triodopsis fulciden)); three avian
species (e.g. American peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus anatum)); tow mammals (
oldfield deermouse (Peromyscus polionotus) and Indiana bat (Myotis sodalist)); and two
reptiles including bog turtle (Glyptemys muhlenbergii) and timber rattlesnake (Crotalus
horridus).
The interpretation of the risk analysis typically employs both a multiple lines -of -
evidence approach and an opinion based on the professional judgment of the ecological
Page 6-12

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
risk assessor. Both interpretations err on the side of conservatism, but for HQs that are
greater than 1.0, additional details, often addressed in the Uncertainty Evaluation
(Section 6.6), may be needed to identify if the hazard is "real" or an artifact of
compounding the various permutations of "worst case" exposure parameters.
Additionally, some of the TRVs that were developed by USEPA in concert with the Eco-
SSLs might have to be reexamined as these values, as discussed above, might not be
representative of the true exposure and/or life history of the ROI. For example, most
TRVs are based on highly bioavailable forms, but a review of the literature for selected
metals might show that actual absorption following ingestion of environmental media
may be substantially lower than the form used to derive the TRV.
6.4 Baseline Ecological Risk Assessment Results
Attachment 8 presents the modeled risk results. Receptors evaluated in Ecological
Exposure Area 1 include the mallard duck, great blue heron, killdeer, muskrat, and
river otter. Risk assessment results for Ecological Exposure Area 1 are summarized
below.
• No HQs based on NOAELs or LOAELs were greater than unity for the mallard
duck, great blue heron and river otter exposed to surface water and sediments.
• Two endopoints, the killdeer and muskrat, had modeled risk results greater than
unity for select constituents as described below:
o The NOAEL and LOAEL based HQ for the muskrat exposure to
aluminum in Ecological Exposure Area 1 was greater than unity (HQ
=66.2 and 6.3). The model likely overstates risk. Aluminum occurs
naturally in soil, sediment, and surface water in this area. For example,
the aluminum concentration in the Broad River surface water upstream of
the Site was as much as 510 µg /L, compared to the EPCs used in the risk
assessment ranging from 168 to 299 µg/L. Per the USGS, aluminum is the
third most abundant element, after oxygen and silicon, in the Earth's crust
(USGS, 2018).
o The LOAEL based HQ for the killdeer exposure to barium and total
chromium in Ecological Exposure Area 1 was less than unity, while the
NOAEL based HQ for these same COPCs was greater than unity (HQ =1.3
and 2.6). The NOAEL-based modeled risk estimate for exposure of the
killdeer to barium and total chromium to Exposure Area 1 is considered
negligible.
Page 6-13

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
Receptors evaluated in Ecological Exposure Area 2 include the mallard duck, great blue
heron, killdeer, muskrat, and river otter. Risk assessment results for Ecological
Exposure Area 2 are summarized below.
• No HQs based on NOAELs or LOAELs were greater than unity for the mallard
duck, great blue heron and river otter exposed to surface water and sediments.
• Two endopoints, the killdeer and muskrat, had modeled risk results greater than
unity for select constituents as described below:
• With the exception of aluminum, NOAEL or LOAEL based HQs for the muskrat
in Ecological Exposure Area 2 were less than unity. The NOAEL based HQ for
aluminum was greater than unity (HQ =6.6). The model likely overstates risk.
As previously stated, aluminum occurs naturally in soil, sediment, and surface
water in this area.
• The NOAEL and LOAEL based HQ for the killdeer exposure to aluminum in
Ecological Exposure Area 2 was greater than unity (HQ =10.7 and 1.1). The
model likely overstates risk. As previously stated, aluminum occurs naturally in
soil, sediment, and surface water in this area.
Receptors evaluated in Ecological Exposure Area 4 include the mallard duck, great blue
heron, killdeer, muskrat, and river otter. Risk assessment results for Ecological
Exposure Area 4 are summarized below.
• No HQs based on NOAELs or LOAELs were greater than unity for the mallard
duck, great blue heron and river otter exposed to surface water and sediments.
• Two endopoints, the killdeer and muskrat, had modeled risk results greater than
unity for select constituents as described below:
• LOAEL based HQs for the muskrat in Ecological Exposure Area 4 were less than
unity. With the exception of aluminum, NOAEL based HQs for the muskrat
were less than unity. The NOAEL based HQ for aluminum was greater than
unity (HQ = 9.8). The model likely overstates risk. As previously stated,
aluminum occurs naturally in soil, sediment, and surface water in this area.
• With the exception of aluminum, NOAEL or LOAEL based HQs for the killdeer
in Ecological Exposure Area 4 were less than unity. The NOAEL and LOAEL
based HQ for the killdeer exposure to aluminum in Ecological Exposure Area 4
was greater than unity (HQ =27.1 and 2.7). The model likely overstates risk. As
previously stated, aluminum occurs naturally in soil, sediment, and surface
water in this area.
Page 6-14

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
In summary, there is no evidence of ecological risks associated with exposure to CCR
constituents that have migrated from the ash basin.
6.5 Environmental Assessment of the Rogers Energy Complex
Station and the Broad River
Duke Energy has monitored water quality and chemistry in the Broad River since 2010.
Attachment 10 presents an overview of the sampling and assessment of water and
biological tissue monitoring conducted by Duke Energy to meet the requirements of the
NPDES permit for the Rogers Energy Complex (i.e., Cliffside Steam Station) and the
Broad River (NPDES No. NC0005088). Quarterly outfall and instream water quality
monitoring is conducted in the Broad River.
Fish populations are key indicators of the overall health of aquatic systems because of
they are influenced by exposure to the environment and impacts to other aquatic
communities (e.g., aquatic vegetation and macroinvertebrates). Duke Energy has
conducted fish community assessments in the Broad River since 1989. In that time, 402
samples have been collected consisting of 54 different species in 9 families totaling over
30,000 individual fish. These fish have included individuals at multiple trophic levels
and different feeding guilds with a consistently low proportion of pollution -tolerant
species. The catch has been dominated by native species including redbreast sunfish
and shiners.
Catch per unit effort (CPUE) is a measure of the relative abundance of a species when
electrofishing. From 1989 to 2007, the CPUE of fish in the Broad River ranged from 32
to 115 fish (average 74 fish) per 100 m of shoreline sampled. These data, along with
other community metrics such as length frequency analyses and fish condition indices
have shown the Broad River supports abundant, healthy, self-sustaining fish
populations (Duke Energy 2010).
Fish muscle tissue sampling and analysis is performed annually in accordance with a
NCDEQ study plan as required in the NPDES permit. Duke Energy collects multiple
samples of fish from different trophic levels (prey and predators) annually for metals
analysis. Analytical results are submitted to the NCDEQ during each NPDES permit
renewal.
Since 2015, fish tissue analytical results demonstrated that concentrations of metals are
consistently orders of magnitude less than the state's consumption advisory for arsenic
and selenium. Average concentrations detected from 95 fish collected from the Broad
River during 2014 to 2017 were less than the human health advisory levels for arsenic
Page 6-15

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
and selenium, and no individual fish tissue analytical results were greater than the
advisory level for either element.
Macroinvertebrates are good indicators of overall environmental health in rivers and
streams. Annual macroinvertebrate surveys occurred in the Broad River from 1990 to
2008. Based on these sampling events, the health of the Broad River was generally
classified as "Good -Fair' or "Good".
The Broad River has been monitored by Duke Energy since 1989.Over the years,
specific assessments have been conducted for water quality and chemistry as well as
abundance and species composition of macroinvertebrates, fish, and aquatic wildlife.
These assessments have all demonstrated that the Broad River has been an
environmentally healthy and functioning ecosystem, and ongoing sampling programs
have been established to ensure the health of the system will continue.
6.6 Uncertainty Analysis
The degree of uncertainty depends on the amount and quality of data available,
information addressing site conditions, the accuracy of any assumptions, and how well
the receptor may match the particular life history of the birds and mammals that are
"actually" inhabiting the Site. A qualitative evaluation of the major uncertainties
associated with the assessment should include an evaluation of the following:
• The number of samples obtained is relatively low compared to the fairly large
areas observed for each exposure area. Therefore, some degree of uncertainty
with regard to the spatial representativeness of each of the data sets for each
individual exposure area exists. The study design, however, used a biased
sampling strategy so that the concentrations of COPCs in environmental media
would intentionally be over -estimated rather than underestimated. For example,
based on field observations and groundwater monitoring data, discreet samples
were collected from areas of suspected influence from the ash basin, such as
downgradient streams and seeps.
• Potential risks to benthic invertebrates were evaluated on the basis of comparing
maximum concentrations of CCR constituents detected in surface water and bulk
sediment samples to media -specific ESVs. Porewater was not analyzed in
surface water bodies as a potential exposure medium for benthic invertebrates.
The absence of porewater data in the risk assessment may underestimate risk for
certain benthic invertebrates. However, the ESVs used in the ecological
screening process are extremely conservative to account for porewater exposure.
Page 6-16

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
• The Eco-SSLs, which were used for selecting COPCs, are very conservative soil
benchmarks that are known to be safe for a broad range of ecological receptor
classes (mammal, bird, invertebrate, plant) over their lifespan. Therefore,
selection of some COPCs might overestimate risk.
• Elements/metals (including required nutrients) present (or deficient) in
environmental media may interact with COPCs to produce effects that may be
either greater or less than COPCs alone. For example, zinc is known to be a
strong antagonist to cadmium in the diet (i.e., zinc decreases the toxicity of
cadmium when both are ingested together). These elemental interactions could
result in an over or under estimation of risk.
• The dietary endpoints used to derive the TRVs are often biased toward a single
study involving the exposure of birds or mammals to highly soluble forms of the
metal (e.g., copper chloride, lead acetate) whereas the bioavailability of metals in
the environment, especially in solid media, can be much lower. Bioavailability of
COPCs was conservatively assumed to be 100% in the exposure models, which
overestimates risk.
• Food ingestion data specific for birds or mammals at each Site are not available.
Literature -derived default wildlife ingestion rates, as well as other exposure
parameters, may over or under estimate risk.
• It is assumed that part or all of the home range of the receptor falls completely
within the boundaries of a site. In reality, individuals and breeding pairs move
around depending on a number of variables, including territoriality, food
availability, and human disturbance, and this movement would result in lower
exposure than was assumed in the risk assessment.
• It is assumed that the types of mammals and birds in this assessment are
receptive to the type of habitat at each site; the ROI were selected to be
representative of what might be present in the vicinity of the site; however, the
ash basin area specifically might not be considered habitat.
• Reptiles and amphibians likely inhabit the exposure areas evaluated in the risk
assessment. However, there is limited toxicity and exposure information for
foodweb modeling, which presents and uncertainty in the risk assessment.
Page 6-17

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
7.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
This risk assessment pertaining to the Cliffside Steam Station was prepared for Duke
Energy as part of the CAP. Risks to both human health and ecological receptors were
evaluated using analytical data from groundwater, surface water, and sediment
samples. Both risk assessments employed North Carolina and USEPA guidance
available for development of Site -specific risk assessments. The exposure scenarios and
exposure and toxicity parameters employed were conservative such that the risk results
are more likely to overestimate rather than underestimate the risks. Thus, the results
can be used to inform decision -making concerning Cliffside. The conclusions for the
human health and ecological risk assessments are as follows:
7.1 Human Health Risk Assessment
Current and future exposure scenarios were evaluated to assess potential human health
risks. The following conclusions were made:
• Exposure to CCR constituents by current and future residences and trespasser is
considered incomplete.
• On -site groundwater, surface water, and sediment pose no evidence of
carcinogenic or non -carcinogenic construction worker under these exposure
scenarios
• No evidence of carcinogenic or non -carcinogenic risks for recreational swimmer,
wader, or boater exposure scenarios was identified.
• No evidence of carcinogenic or non -carcinogenic risks associated with the
recreational fisher exposure scenario was identified.
• There is no evidence of carcinogenic risk cancer risks for the subsistence fisher
exposure scenario attributable to the ash basins. Hexavalent chromium
concentrations in upstream surface water samples also resulted in estimated
values within USEPA's range for excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR). The
modeled concentration of hexavalent chromium in fish tissue is likely
overestimated.
• Potential non -carcinogenic risks from consumption of fish containing cobalt
(modeled from surface water concentrations) were modeled for the subsistence
fisher. The fisher exposure scenarios overestimate risks based on exposure
model assumptions of bioconcentration and fish consumption rates. There is not
likely to be any material increase in non -carcinogenic risks for the subsistence
fisher scenario.
Page 7-1

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
7.2 Ecological Risk Assessment
Based on the NOAEL-derived HQ and the LOAEL-derived HQ, the BERA resulted in
the following:
Ecological Exposure Area 1:
• No HQs based on NOAELs or LOAELs were greater than unity for wildlife
receptors (mallard duck, great blue heron, muskrat, river otter) exposed to
surface water and sediments.
• Modeled risk estimates resulted in aluminum HQs greater than 1 based on the
NOAEL and LOAEL for the killdeer and muskrat. The modeled risk is
considered negligible given the natural occurrence of aluminum in surface water,
sediment, and soil in the region.
• Modeled risk estimates resulted in barium and chromium LOAEL based HQs
greater than unity for the killdeer; however, the NOAEL based HQs for these
constituents were greater than unity. The modeled risk is considered negligible.
Ecological Exposure Area 2:
• No HQs based on NOAELs or LOAELs were greater than unity for wildlife
receptors (mallard duck, great blue heron, muskrat, river otter) exposed to
surface water and sediments.
• Modeled risk estimates resulted in aluminum HQs greater than 1 based on the
NOAEL and LOAEL for the killdeer and based on NOAELs for the muskrat. The
modeled risk is considered negligible given the natural occurrence of aluminum
in surface water, sediment, and soil in the region.
• The NOAEL and LOAEL based HQ for the killdeer exposure to aluminum in
Ecological Exposure Area 2 was greater than unity (HQ =10.7 and 1.1). The
model likely overstates risk. As previously stated, aluminum occurs naturally in
soil, sediment, and surface water in this area.
Ecological Exposure Area 4:
• No HQs based on NOAELs or LOAELs were greater than unity for wildlife
receptors (mallard duck, great blue heron, muskrat, river otter) exposed to
surface water and sediments.
• Modeled risk estimates resulted in aluminum HQs greater than 1 based on the
NOAEL and LOAEL for the killdeer and based on NOAELs for the muskrat. The
Page 7-2

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
modeled risk is considered negligible given the natural occurrence of aluminum
in surface water, sediment, and soil in the region.
In summary, there is no evidence of unacceptable risks to human and ecological
receptors exposed to environmental media potentially affected by CCR at Cliffside.
This conclusion is further supported by multiple water quality and biological
assessments conducted by Duke Energy as part of the NPDES monitoring program.
Page 7-3

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
8.0 REFERENCES
American Cancer Society 2019; Cancer Facts and Figures (2019). American Cancer
Society. Available at: https://www.cancer.org/content/dam/cancer-
org/research/cancer-facts-and-statistics/annual-cancer-facts-and-
figures/2019/cancer-facts-and-figures-2019.pdf
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). (2012). Toxicological
Profile for Chromium. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Public Health Service.
Arnot, J.A. and F.A.P.C. Gobus. (2006). A review of bioconcentration factor (BCF) and
bioaccumulation factor (BAF) assessments for organic chemicals in aquatic
organisms. Environmental Reviews 14: 257-297.
Baes III, C.F., R.D. Sharp, A.L. Sjoreen, and R.W. Shor. (1984). A Review and Analysis of
Parameters for Assessing Transport of Environmentally Released Radionuclides
Through Agriculture. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Health and Safety
Research Division. ORNL-5786. September, 1984. DE85 000287.
Duke Energy. (2010). Assessment of balanced and indigenous populations in the Broad
River near Cliffside Steam Station. Duke Energy Corporation. Charlotte, NC.
Efroymson, R.A., M.E. Will, G.W. Suter II, and A.C. Wooten. (1997). Toxicological
Benchmarks for Screening Contaminants of Potential Concern for Effects on
Terrestrial Plants: 1997 Revision. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge,
TN. ES/ER/TM-85/R3.
Environmental Restoration Division (ERD). (1999). Bioaccumulation and
Bioconcentration Screening, ERD-AG-003. Available at:
https://www.srs.gov/general/programs/soil/ffa/rdh/p74.PDF
Exponent. (2018). Community Impact Analysis of Ash Basin Closure Options at the
Cliffside Steam Station, November 15, 2018.
Fishbein, L. (1981). Sources, transport and alterations of metal compounds: an
overview. I. Arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, and nickel.
Environmental Health Perspectives 40: 43-64.
Haley & Aldrich. (2015). Report on Risk Assessment Work Plan for CAMA Sites, Duke
Energy, November 2015.
Page 8-1

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
HDR. (2015a). Comprehensive Site Assessment Report- Cliffside Steam Station Ash
Basins, 2015.
HDR. (2015b). Corrective Action Report Part 1, Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basins, 2015.
HDR. (2016a). Corrective Action Plan Part 2 - Cliffside Steam Station Ash Basins, 2016.
HDR. (2016c). Comprehensive Site Assessment Report Supplement 2 - Cliffside Steam
Station Ash Basins, 2015.
National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP). (1996).
Screening Models for Releases of Radionuclides to Atmosphere, Surface Water
and Ground. NCR Report No. 123. Cited in:
https://www.tn.gov/assets/entities/health/attachments/Screen.pdf
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR)
Division of Waste Management (DWM). (2003). Guidelines for Performing
Screening Level Ecological Risk Assessments Within the North Carolina
Division of Waste Management. Available at:
https:Hfiles.nc.gov/ncdeq/Waste%20Management/DWM/SLERA%20with%20not
e.pdf
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR).
(2013a). 15A NCAC 02L. Groundwater Rules. Groundwater Standards.
Available at: http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wq/ps/csu/gwstandards
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR).
(2013b). 15A NCAC 2B.0200s. Classifications and Water Quality Standards
Applicable to the Surface Waters and Wetlands of North Carolina. Available
at: http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wq/ps/csu/swstandards
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) Division of Water
Resources (DWR). (2014). North Carolina Division of Public Health Fish
Tissue Screening Levels.
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ). (2017). Technical
Guidance for Risk -based Environmental Remediation of Sites. Available at:
httj2s://files.nc.gov/ncdeq/Waste%20Management/DWM/risk based remediation
/FINAL%20Technical%20Guidance%2020170301.pdf
Page 8-2

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ). (2019).
Preliminary Soil Remediation Goals (PSRG) Table. Inactive Hazardous Sites
Branch. Available at: http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wm/sf/ihs/ihsguide
NCDEQ-Division of Water Resources (NCDWR). (2014). North Carolina Division of
Public Health Fish Tissue Screening Levels.
North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services (NCDHHS). (2015).
Parameters for Water Supply Well Sampling Near Coal Ash Facilities. North
Carolina Department of Health and Human Services. Division of Public
Health, Epidemiology Section, Occupational and Environmental
Epidemiology Branch. [Online] URL:
http:!/portal.ncdenr.org/c/document_library/get file?p_1_id=1169848&folderl
d=24814087 &name=DLFE-112704.pdf
Sample, BE, DM Opresko, and GW Suter II. (1996). Toxicological Benchmarks for
Wildlife: 1996 Revision. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN. 227 pp,
ES/ER/TM-86/R3 Energy Systems, Inc., Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
Sample, BE, Aplin, MS, Efroymson, RA, Suter, GW and Welsh, CJE. (1997). Methods
and Tools for Estimation of the Exposure of Terrestrial Wildlife to Contaminants.
Environmental Sciences Division Publication No 4650, Oak Ridge National
Laboratory, US Department of Defense, Office of Policy and Assistance, Air,
Water and Radiation Division. ORNL/TM-13391. October, 1997.
Sample, BE, Beauchamp, JJ, Efroymson, RA, Suter, GW, and Ashwood, TL. (1998).
Development and Validation of Bioaccumulation Models for Earthworms.
USDOE, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Lockheed Martin, Environmental
Restoration Program, ES/ER/TM-220.
Suter, GW, Sample, BE, Jones, DS and Ashwood, TL. (1994). Approach and Strategy for
Performing Ecological Risk Assessments for the U.S. Department of Energy's
Oak Ridge Reservation: 1994 Revision. Prepared by Environmental Sciences
Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Prepared for
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Environmental Restoration and Waste
Management, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN. August 1994.
ES/ER/TM-33/R1.
SynTerra. (2018). Comprehensive Site Assessment Update, January 31, 2018.
Page 8-3

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
SynTerra. (2019). Corrective Action Plan.
USACHPPM, (2004); Development of Terrestrial Exposure and Bioaccumulation
Information for the Army Risk Assessment Modeling System (ARAMS). U.S.
Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine (USACHPPM).
Contract Number DAAD050-00-P-8365, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland,
2004. Available at: http://el.erdc.usace.army.mil/arams/pdfs/usachppm.pdf
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (1980). Ambient water
quality criteria for chromium. Washington, D.C. EPA 440/5-80-035.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (1984). Health assessment
document for chromium. Research Triangle Park, NC. EPA 600/8-83-014F.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (1989). Risk Assessment
Guidance for Superfund: Volume 1 - Human Health Evaluation Manual (Part A).
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, Washington, D.C. EPA/540/1-
89/002.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (1991a). Risk Assessment
Guidance for Superfund: Volume 1- Human Health Evaluation Manual (Part B,
Development of Risk -based Preliminary Remediation Goals). Office of
Emergency and Remedial Response, Washington, D.C. EPA/540/R-92/003.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (1991b). Role of the
Baseline Risk Assessment in Superfund Remedy Selection Decisions. OSWER
Directive #9355.0-30.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (1993). Wildlife Exposure
Factors Handbook. United States Environmental Protection Agency, ORD,
Washington, D.C. Volumes I and II. EPA/600/R-93-187a,b.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (1994). Functional
Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganics Analyses.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (1997). Ecological Risk
Assessment Guidance for Superfund : Process for Designing and Conducting
Ecological Risk Assessments. US Environmental Protection Agency, Solid
Waste and Emergency Response, OSWER 9285.7-25. PB97-963211. EPA 540-
R-97-006. June, 1997.
Page 8-4

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (1998). Guidelines for
Ecological Risk Assessment. Washington, D.C. EPA/630/R-95/002F.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2000). Guidance for
Assessing Chemical Contaminant Data for Use in Fish Advisories. Volume 1,
Fish Sampling and Analysis, Third Edition. Office of Science and Technology,
Office of Water, Washington, D.C. EPA 823-B-00-007.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2002); Calculating
Upper Confidence Limits for Exposure Point Concentrations at Hazardous
Waste Sites. OWSWER 9285.6-10. December.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2003a). Human Health
Toxicity Values in Superfund Risk Assessments. Office of Superfund
Remediation and Technology Innovation. OSWER Directive 9285.7-
53. December 5, 2003.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2003b). Guidance for
Developing Ecological Soil Screening Levels. Office of Solid Waste and
Emergency Response. OSWER Directive 9285.7-55. Issued November 2003,
revised February 2005, and revised April 2007. Available at:
http://rais.ornl.gov/documents/ecossl.pdf
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2012). USEPA 2012
Edition of the Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories, Spring 2012.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Available at:
http:!/water.epa. gov/action/advisories/drinking/upload/dwstandards2012
pdf
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2013a). Statistical
Software ProUCL 5.0.00 for Environmental Applications for Data Sets with
and without Nondetect Observations. Software: http://www2.epa.gov/land-
research/proucl-software, and User's Guide:
http://www2.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-
03/documents/proucl_v5.0_user.pdf
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2013b). Tier 3 Toxicity
Value White Paper, OSWER 9285.7-86.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2014). Region 4 Human
Health Risk Assessment Supplemental Guidance. January 2014. Draft Final.
Page 8-5

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2015a). Final 2015
Updated National Recommended Human Health Water Quality Criteria.
Available at:
http://water.ep agov/scitech/swguidance/standards/criteria/current/hhfinal
United States Envirorunental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2015b). National
Recommended Ambient Water Quality Criteria. Available at:
http://waterepa. gov/scitech/swguidance/standards/criteria/current/index
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2015c). Supplemental
Guidance to ERAGS: Region 4, Ecological Risk Assessment. Available at:
http://www2.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-
09/documents/r4_era_guidance_document_draft_final_8-25-2015.pdf
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2015d). Interim Ecological
Soil Screening Level Documents. http://www2.el2a.gov/chemical-
research/interim-ecological-soil-screening-level-documents
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2015e). USEPA Risk -Based
Screening Levels. June 2015. Available at:
http://www2.epa.gov/risk/risk-based-screening-table-generic-tables
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2018a). Drinking Water
Standards and Health Advisories, Spring 2018.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2018b). Region 4
Ecological Risk Assessment Supplemental Guidance. Updated March 2018.
Available at:
https:Hrais.ornl.gov/documents/era_regional_supplemental_guidance_report
-march-2018_update.pdf
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2019). USEPA Regional
Screening Levels. May 2019 Update. Available at:
https://www.epa.gov/risk/regional-screening-levels-rsls
United States Geological Survey (USGS). (1984). Element Concentrations in Soils and
Other Surficial Materials of the Conterminous United States. H. Shacklette and J.
Boerngen. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1270. United States
Government Printing Office, Washington.
United States Geological Survey (USGS). (2001). Geochemical Landscapes of the
Conterminous United States —New Map Presentations for 22 Elements. N.
Page 8-6

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
Gustaysson, B. Bolviken, D.B. Smith, and R.C. Severson. U.S. Geological Survey
Professional Paper 1648. U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey.
November, 2001.
United States Geological Survey (USGS). (2018). Aluminum Statistics and Information.
October 29, 2018. Available at:
https:Hminerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/aluminum/
Page 8-7

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station
FIGURES
SynTerra

)LD �ALVgRy CHURCH 2D.
�U
r_e
BROAD RIVER • a 7•• • • \\
• o aaa
ME
ki
11, ��.� ram+" t' • • r'
8 Wood Cem—
NOTES:
THE COMPLIANCE BOUNDARIES DEPICTED ARE REVISED o
BASED ON THE AUGUST 16, 2019 DUKE ENERGY MEMORANDUM
FROM MATT HANCHEY, ASSOCIATE GENERAL COUNCIL. THESE o Q
COMPLIANCE BOUNDARIES SHOULD BE CONSIDERED DRAFT, D
AS THEYARE UNDERGOING REVIEW WITH DUKE
ENVIRONMENTAL AND DUKE LEGAL.
2 MCC dw
ALL BOUNDARIES ARE APPROXIMATE
2016 USGS TOPOGRAPHIC MAP, CHESNEE & BOILING SPRINGS
osTf`<RRRD��
Ce
M
C
SOUTH QUADRANGLE, OBTAINED FROM THE USGS STORE AT
H
https://store.usgs.gov/map-locator.
f' DUKE
FIGURE 1
ENERGY
WNSTONSALEM•
USGS LOCATION I AP
CAROLING=
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
ASHEVILLE• CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
CHARLOTTE MOORESBORO NORTH CAROLINA
RUTHERFORD CLEVELAND DRAWN BY: 1, KIRTZ DATE:06/12/2019 GRAPHIC SCALE
COUNTY REVISED BY: J. KIRTZ DATE: 08/22/2019 0 500 1,000 2,000 3,000
COUNTY CHECKED BY.. T. GRANT DATE: 08/22/2019
APPROVED BY: T. GRANT DATE: 08/22/2019
www.synterracorp.com PROJECT MANAGER: S. SPINNER N FEET)

Primary Primary Secondary Secondary
Sources Release Sources Release
Mechanisms Mechanisms
•
O Pathway evaluated and found incomplete/insignificant.
(a) Incidental surface water ingestion assumed only to occur for receptors for the
swimming and wading scenarios.
(b) Groundwater exposure evaluated in the risk assessment update, although
an incomplete exposure pathway for construction worker.
(c) Areas of Wetness (AOWs) are addressed in the Special Order by
Consent (SOC) and not evaluated in the risk assessment update at this
time.
(d) Pathway incomplete as long as ash remains in place; re-evaluation upon
excavation (if conducted) may be warranted.
(e) Catawba River.
(f) Concentration of COPCs in fish tissue modeled from surface water concentration.
Potential
Exposure
Media
Potential
Exposure
Route
Human Receptors
Current/Future Current/Future Current/Future
Current/Future
Current/Future
Current/Future
Current/Future Current/Future
Off -Site
On -Site Off -Site
Off -Site
Off -Site
Off -Site
On -Site
On -Site
Resident
Recreational
Recreational
Recreational
Recreational
Recreational/
Commercial/
Construction
Adult/Child
Trespasser
Swimmer
Wader
Boater
Subsistence
IndustrialFisher
Worker
Worker

AQUATIC RECEPTORS
Avian Mammal
Primary Release Secondary Secondary Release Potential Potential Benthic
Primary Sources Exposure Fish a Inverte- Great Blue
Mechanisms Sources Mechanisms Exposure Media p (� Mallard Killdeer Muskrat River Otter
Active Coal
Ash Basin �C Infiltration/ Post Excavation
(a) Leaching Soil
Runoff/Flooding
Infiltration/
Leaching
Groundwater
AOWs (b)
NOTES
• Potentially complete exposure pathways.
0 Potentially complete exposure but not evaluated at this site or associated with Are
of Wetness (AOW)
O Pathway evaluated and found incomplete/insignificant.
(a) The ash basin, closed Pine Hall Road Landfill, and the chemical pond are present on
Site as part of the steam station.
(b) Areas of wetness (AOWs) are addressed in the Special Order by Consent (SOC) and
evaluated in the risk assessment update at this time.
(c) Pathway complete if ash is excavated from the ash basin in the future; terrestrial
Exposure to post excavation soil is currently incomplete.
(d) Biotic tissue consists of plant or pray (i.e., invertebrates, small mammals, fish,
etc.) tissue, which are modeled from soil/sediment or surface water
concentrations.
(e) Based on screening against aquatic life criteria.
Area
CSM reflects exposure pathways evaluated quantitatively in the risk assessment.
Route
brates(e)
(omnivore)
Heron
(Piscivore)
(Invertivore)
(Herbivore)
(Piscivore)
Dust
Outdoor Air
Inhalation
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
Soil Remaining
Incidental
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
Ingestion
Post -Excavation
(c)
Direct Contact
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
Biotic TissueJ4
Ingestion
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
Ingestion
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Surface Water
(Off -Site)
Direct Contact
•
•
O
O
O
O
O
Migration to
Surface Water
Incidental
and Sediment
Sediment
Ingestion
g
•
•
•
•
•
•
O
(Off -Site)
Direct Contact
•
•
O
O
O
O
O
Biotic Tissue
Ingestion
•
O
•
•
•
•
•
(d)
Ingestion
O
O
O
O
O
OLO
O
Groundwater
Direct Contact
O
O
O
O
O
O
AOW Water
Ingestion
O
•
O
O
O
O
O
(On -Site)
Direct Contact
O
•
O
O
O
O
O
Incidental
O
•
O
O
O
O
O
AOW Soil
Ingestion
(On -Site)
Direct Contact
O
•
O
O
O
O
O
Ingestion
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
TERRESTRIAL RECEPTORS
Avian Mammal
Robin Red -Tailed Meadow Vole Red Fox
(Omnivore) Hawk
(Carnivore) (Herbivore) (Carnivore)
O
O
O
O
O
O
0
0
O
O
O
O
O
0
0
0
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
0
0
0
0
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
0
O
0
0
O
O
O
O
0
0
0
0
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O O
O
O

--cam - ..
L
oos seD-7+'�•¢Y SED 4 a ' • 'WA-57S/BRU/BR -_°;; CCR 9D
-Ql MW-25DR k" S-6 MW-20D/DR - • - '-� ` - - a
_ D] ' f ti. h r„ WA-65BR/BRL
CCR-IB-1 S/D/BR '�- + ;> 1 . r $•14
GWA-29BR AreaA CLFWW-057 .�U CLFSTR-065 , ,4. ;� •.: • _. - - }:. WA-58$/BR(J/B • G h..
IB-6S/D 5-23'• MW 4D GWA'39$ GWA-BRA SED 8 i CLP-2 S-7 . V
S-33 "v , SED-11 Area E S-5 5-24 GWA-21BRL
^ CLFSP 6sa cwA-z1srBR �„ - GWA-32S/BR IB-7S/D
AS-2S/D/B s zz S-10 S-15 ' 0
S4 ' CLFSP-059 MW-11BRL MW-11S/D/DA/BR.' -
s 2s GwA saBRL 002B SED-5 GWA-40S
s-3a s 12 As-3BRu �\ r CLFP-051 .,� F MW 8S/D V
GwA-12s \ SED-3 GWA-42SI i
s-z As 9D/B As-sBR AB-1s/BROR ccR-17BR CP-3S/DR CCR-IB-3S/D/BR CLFP-052 `
GWA-28S/BR CLMW-SS/D
AB-2S/BRO
CLMW 2
S9 MW-2D IJAS-8S/D/BR �✓ CCR-3BR `'J� AB-iBRO ♦ S_3
Area B .CLP 1 AS 6BR �•.,t, , • • GWA 64BRL " - S-11 GWA-11 BR/BRL -+• -
Mw-zDA As 7s/u CP-2/BRU/BR CP-4S/BRU /�
BRA/BRL ,.:r r.. AS7BRB AS6S/D/BRA` 'Active Ash Pond .� + VY GWA-11S $ SED-13--
OWA-54S/D/BRO � - �
27'
CP-5S/I/BR 002CSE' x „
♦ O
CLFTD-004 GWA 37S/D FORMER
IB-2AL/I/BRU p_6
S 2 CLFTD2K VJ GWA-56S/D IB-3S/DASH BASIN"
`♦ . MW 36S S 17 �.MW-38BR' •% 6
• / 1 O GWA-2BRA SED-2 GWA-68BRL • GWA-14S/BRO IB-4SL/D/BR j}
SED 10 ` % ,
GWA-35S/D �� S-18 CCR-U5-4S/D/BR • �' Q � ,
- : - O GWA-36S/D ♦ • • -'
• S-1 O GWA-38S/D �' O
s �
SED-1 7 CCR-U5-2D `) S-19A CCR-U5 5D MW-40S GP-3S/BR GP-1 BR
i- O `
GWA 34S/BR GWA-4S .
o U5-5BR 'M GP-4
s O GWA-67BR/BRL S-19 S-20
� ,,� CLMW-3S/D ♦ . AS-4S ..
S/B R
MW-34S/D - U5-3S/SA/D CCR-U5-3S/D U5-6S •- GWA-59S/D/BR CCR-4D
MW 21D
O U5-4S/BR/BRA �� DO
k ` CCR-U5-6S/DA " t
MW-10 SED-12
CCR 5 -
H • CCR-U5-1 D O ©U5-2S-SL �;Yf;/Ia1T CLP-3 S
U5-7S/SL/D ®
O. /D
U5-2S-SLB i► GWA-31BRA GWA-43S/D
r , t CCR-6S/D
GWA-31 BR -
_ GWA-44S/D/BR - a�
• - � CLMW 1 - - -
- . , .:' . i • • v � • CCR 7S/D
W ° ' CCR-8D/BR AB 7S/BR •`
GWA-6S G CCR-U5-8S/D MW-23S/D/DR��
GWA-66BRL � �
r _ � AB 8S/BR AB-9S/BR
+ 1 ® CCR-12S/D AB-4S/LA15/UA15 Y • '
OCCR GWA 27B
-14D4
0
W-42D
MAB 4APW
. �w•s ` U5-8S/D/BR o •�
S_28 GWA-27�D
O O
0
CCR U5-10S/D GWA-45S/D & S-32 S 29 MW 7D
' -
v CCPMW-5 �� - • . ; ® AB 5S/BR GWA 48BR °'"A
S 30 ♦ �, I -31 CCR 15D . s1
CCR-CCP-13D ` 0
S +l1r
i �� • -_. GWA-30D/BRO �0 � I� Area D S-36 GWA-63S/BRU -� MW-22DR
• CCR-CCP-14D O O •
CCR-CCP-12S/D GWA-47D O� �"'
r O MW-30DA - I AB 66R , f a
Ila
. ;,. :` .: ' ' CCPMW-4 �� � • � � � � �♦ �I, �
© �•` ..: �r� SACCPMW-6S/D
CCR-CCP-15S/D CCR-CCP-11BR
` • -� .� •vim f�i
,
0 LEGEND CCR-CCP-10S/D/DA • . Area C
O GROUNDWATER SAMPLING LOCATION S7
SOIL SAMPLING LOCATION GWA-25S
�> CCR-CCP-9S/D AB-3MA30 O
4 SOILAND GROUNDWATER SAMPLING * ccW-1S/D ti NOTES:
LOCATION FY77MMy, • .
NON -CONSTRUCTED SEEP 0CCR-CCP-8D ` SPOIL AREA WAS PREVIOUSLY REFERRED TO AS THE EASTERN ASH STORAGE AREA.
(APPROXIMATE) • �• SED-16
BASED ON DATAAND INFORMATION RECEIVED TO DATE,, NO ASH IS LOCATED IN THE
• SPOIL AREA. THEREFORE, THE WASTE BOUNDARY HAS BEEN REMOVED FROM
DISPOSITIONED SEEP (APPROXIMATE) ♦ AB-3APW ) O AB-3UA15 • BG-1 BRA AROUND THIS AREA.
CCR-CCP-7D y �!' ,�
t AOW AND SEDIMENT SAMPLING , 1 t t� • • • BG-1 BR MW-24D/DR NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT (NRTR) WAS PREPARED BYAMEC
LOCATION SURFACE WATER SAMPLING LOCATION �� CCPTW-1 S/D AB-3MA15 ``'* l . AERIAL
WHEELER INC.,NE 1 , FROM
GLE EARTH PRO ON SEPTEMBER
F C. J 92
CCR-CCP-4D AB-3SPW + ,• w O AB-3SLA • ♦ • `' AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY OBTAINED FROM GOO 7,
EFFLUENT WATER SAMPLING LOCATION CCR-CCP-6S/D AB±} LA15 ♦ ♦ 2018. IMAGE COLLECTED ON APRIL 20, 2018.
SURFACE WATER AND SEDIMENT ' CCR-CCP-3S/D/DA ti ' ¢° ♦ DRAWING HAS BEEN SET WITH A PROJECTION OF NORTH CAROLINA STATE PLANE
SAMPLING LOCATION . CCR-CCP-5S/D • . �, r AB-3SL COORDINATE SYSTEM FIPS 3200 (NAD83).
ABANDONED MONITORING WELL CCR-CCP-2D C.
O O CCPTW-2 "� - �" AB-3BRU GRAPHIC SCALE FIGURE 4
O SEDIMENT SAMPLING LOCATION
(APPROXIMATE) . O CCPMW-zs/D 0 �,y '. A ^. AB-31 `` DUKE 2ao 0 2eo aoo SAMPLE LOCATION MAP
—ASH BASIN WASTE BOUNDARY -�' OCCPMW-3S/D ENERGY
W ,.., ,_ (IN FEET)
• _ CAROLINAS CCR-CCP-1D
-ASH BASIN COMPLIANCE BOUNDARY / � ' - O AB-3BR O _ HUMAN HEALTH AND
LANDFILL/ASH STORAGE AREA / ♦� CCR-CCP-16S/BR 5 ,-J f - DRAWN BY: J. KIRTZ DATE: 05/08/2019
AB-3BRA REVISED BY: J.KIRTZ DATE:09/11/2019 ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
BOUNDARY • /'� CHECKED BY: C.PONCE DATE:09/11/2019 CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
• LANDFILL COMPLIANCE BOUNDARY • • "' AB-3BRUA _ ' APPROVED BY: C. PONCE DATE: 09/11/2019
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS CLIFFSIDE PROJECT MANAGER: S. SPINNER MOORESBORO, NORTH CAROLINA
PLANT SITE BOUNDARY ,yn 1,,�tCrra

♦ ice" -0 r 7
.y
77'71 a , l
'-..
l
EXPOSUR
..
AREA 3
•(SEE
NOTE 3)
kv
.•�. _
•
r
e `
/�♦
!
f> DUKE
GRAPHIC SCALE
450 0 450
900
ENERGY
CAROLINAS
(IN FEET)
DRAWN BY: A. FEIGL
REVISED BY: J.
DATE:
DATE:
08/12/2019
09/24/2019
CHECKED BY: C.. PONCE
DATE:
09/24/2019
APPROVED BY: C. PONCE
DATE:
09/24/2019
PROJECT MANAGER: S. SPINNER
LEGEND
EXPOSURE AREA 1
EXPOSURE AREA 2
® EXPOSURE AREA 3
- EXPOSURE AREA 4
AREA OF CONCENTRATION IN GROUNDWATER
ABOVE NC2L (SEE NOTES)
ASH BASIN WASTE BOUNDARY
ASH BASIN COMPLIANCE BOUNDARY
LANDFILL /ASH STORAGE AREA BOUNDARY
LANDFILL COMPLIANCE BOUNDARY
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS CLIFFSIDE PLANT
- SITE BOUNDARY
STREAM (AMEC NRTR 2015)
WETLAND (AMEC NRTR 2015)
NOTES
1. GENERALIZED AREAL EXTENT OF MIGRATION REPRESENTED BY NCAC 02L
EXCEEDANCES OF BORON.
2. FOUR EXPOSURE AREAS WERE DEVELOPED TO EVALUATE ECOLOGICAL
EXPOSURE TO SURFACE WATER AND SEDIMENT. THE EXPOSURE AREAS CONSIDER
ECOLOGICAL HABITATS, NEARBY WATER BODIES, AND WETAREAS.
3. ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 3 IS CONSIDERED BACKGROUND LOCATION AND
WAS NOT EVALUATED.
4. PROPERTY BOUNDARY PROVIDED BY DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS.
5. AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY OBTAINED FROM GOOGLE EARTH PRO ON SEPTEMBER 26,
2017. AERIAL WAS COLLECTED ON APRIL 1, 2017.
6. DRAWING HAS BEEN SET WITH A PROJECTION OF NORTH CAROLINA STATE PLANE
COORDINATE SYSTEM FIPS 3200 (NAD83/2011).
FIGURE 5
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREAS
HUMAN HEALTH AND
ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
MOORESBORO, NORTH CAROLINA

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station
ATTACHMENTS
SynTerra

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station
ATTACHMENT 1
RISK ASSESSMENT DATA SETS
SynTerra

ATTACHMENT 1
TABLE 1-1
RISK ASSESSMENT DATA SETS - GROUNDWATER
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Locations Used
in the Risk Assessment
Locations Excluded
in the Risk Assessment
Basis of
Location Exclusion
Ash Basin
A13-16ROR/D/S through AB-9BR/D
AB-03LA15
ash pore water
AS-1D/SB through AS-9611/1)
AB-03MA15
ash pore water
CCR-3611 through CCR-9D
AB-03S
ash pore water
CCR-11D/S through CCR-17BR
AB-03SL
ash pore water
CCR-IB-iD/S and CCR-I13-3S
AB-03SLA
ash pore water
CCR-US-SD through CCR-U5-10D/S
AB-04LA15
ash pore water
CLMW-1 through 6
AB-04S
ash pore water
CLP-1 and 2
AB-04SL
ash pore water
GWA-2BR/BRA/BRU/S through GWA-23D
AB-04UA15
ash pore water
GWA-26D/S through GWA-29BR/BRA/D
AB-05S
ash pore water
GWA-31BR/BRA/D through GWA-33BR/D/S
AB-06S
ash pore water
GWA-35D/S through GWA-68BRL
AB-07S
ash pore water
IB-1D through I13-7D/S
AB-08S
ash pore water
MW-2D/DA
AB-09S
ash pore water
MW-4D
AS-07S
ash pore water
MW-81) through MW-21BR/D
AS-08S
ash pore water
MW-23D/DR/S
AD wells
not coincident with ash basin
MW-36BRU/S through MW-42D/DA/S
BG wells
background
U5-1D/S through U5-8BR/D/S
CCPMW wells
not coincident with ash basin
---
CCPTW wells
not coincident with ash basin
---
CCR-CCP wells
not coincident with ash basin
---
GWA-1BRU
not coincident with ash basin
---
GWA-24BR/D/S
upgradient/background
---
GWA-25D/S
upgradient/background
---
GWA-30BR/BRU/S
upgradient/background
---
GWA-34BR/S
upg radient/backg round
---
IB-01S
ash pore water
---
IB-04S-SL
ash pore water
---
IB-02S-SL
ash pore water
---
MW-713
no monitoring data
---
MW-22BR/DR
not monitoring wells
---
MW-24D/DR through MW-34BRU/S
upgradient/background/not coincident with ash basin
---
Private wells (C wells)
not monitoring wells
---
SY wells
not coincident with ash basin
U5-02S-SLA/SLB
ash pore water
U5-07SL/S
ash pore water
Notes:
--- no entry
Rationales for exclusion of individual samples or analytical results from risk analysis:
• Samples with turbidity greater than 10 and/or pH greater than 8.5
• Samples where either turbidity or pH were not measured
• Analytical results with 'RO' Flags
• Sample dates prior to 2015
• Duplicate samples collected on the same date
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 1
TABLE 1-2
RISK ASSESSMENT DATA SETS - SURFACE WATER
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Locations Used
in the Risk Assessment
Locations Excluded
in the Risk Assessment
Basis of
Location Exclusion
SC_2_DN
A_2_UP
background Broad River
SW-03
C 1 DN
downstream of NPDES Outfall
SW-04
CCPSW-01
wastewater
SW-BRAB-01
CCPSW-02
wastewater
SW-BRU14-01
CCPSW-03
wastewater
SW-BRU14-02
DOWNSTREAM OF DISCHARGE
unknown location
SW-BRU14-03
SBR 3 475.8
not coincident with ash basin
SW-BRU5-01
SC-2—UP
background Suck Creek
SW-SC-01
SUCK CREEK
unknown location
SW-SC-02
SW-01
wastewater
SW-SC-03
SW-02
background Suck Creek
SW-SC-04
SW-08
unknown source area
SW-SC-05
SW-09
upgradient/background
SW-SC-06
SW-10A
downstream of NPDES Outfall
SW-SC-06A
SW-10B
downstream of NPDES Outfall
SW-SC-07
SW-10C
downstream of NPDES Outfall
---
SW-BR-01
not coincident with ash basin
---
SW-BR-02
not coincident with ash basin
---
SW-BR-03
not coincident with ash basin
---
SW-BRAB-02
downstream of NPDES Outfall
---
SW-BRAB-03
downstream of NPDES Outfall
---
SW-BRBG
background Broad River
---
SW-SBRBG
background Second Broad River
Notes:
--- no entry
Rationales for exclusion of individual samples or analytical results from risk analysis:
• Analytical results with 'RO' flags
• Sample dates prior to 2015
• Duplicate samples collected on the same date
• Location has been physically removed/ engineered control
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 1
TABLE 1-3
RISK ASSESSMENT DATA SETS - SEDIMENT
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Locations Used
in the Risk Assessment
Locations Excluded
in the Risk Assessment
Basis of
Location Exclusion
SED-02
SED-01
background Broad River
SED-03
SED-04
not coincident with ash basin
SED-05
SED-10
not coincident with ash basin
SED-06
SED-15
background Suck Creek
SED-07
SED-16
background Suck Creek
SED-08
SW-02
background Suck Creek
SED-09
---
---
SED-11
---
---
SED-12
---
---
SED-13
---
---
SED-14
---
---
SW-03
---
---
SW-04
---
---
SW-SC-06A
---
---
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Notes:
--- no entry
Rationales for exclusion of individual samples or analytical results from risk analysis:
• Analytical results with 'RO' flags
• Sample dates prior to 2015
• Duplicate samples collected on the same date
• Location has been physically removed/ engineered control
Page 1 of 1

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station
ATTACHMENT 2
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING TABLES
SynTerra

ATTACHMENT 2
TABLE 2-1
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING - GROUNDWATER
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Analyte
CAS
Number of
Samples
Frequency of
Detection
Range of Detection
g
L
(Ng/ )
Concentration Used
for Screening
(N9/L)
15A NCAC 02L .0202
Standard (a)
(N9/L)
15A NCAC 02L
.0202 IMAC
(a)
(Ng/L)
DHHS
Screening
Level (b)
(Ng/L)
Federal MCL/
SMCL (c)
(N9/L)
Tap Water RSL
HI = 0.2 (d)
(N9/L)
Screening Value
9
Used (Ng/L)
COPC?
Min.
Max.
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1,619
1,140
5
13,800
13,800
NA
NA
3,500
50 to 200 (e)
4,000
3,500
Y
Antimony
7440-36-0
2,198
543
0.078
94.9
94.9
1
NA
1
6
1.56 M
1
Y
Arsenic
7440-38-2
2,376
21051
0.04
4,680
4,680
10
NA
10
10
0.052 (g,h)
10
Y
Barium
7440-39-3
2,237
2,202
2.5
270
270
700
NA
700
2,000
760
700
N
Beryllium
7440-41-7
2,229
1,320
0.01
98.6
98.6
NA
4
4
4
5
4
Y
Boron
7440-42-8
2,388
11754
2.6
3,080
3,080
700
NA
700
NA
800
700
Y
Cadmium
7440-43-9
2,198
750
0.026
94.1
94.1
2
NA
2
5
1.84
2
Y
Chromium (Total)
7440-47-3
2,365
2,008
0.097
248
248
10
NA
10
100
4,400 (i)
10
Y
Chromium (VI)
18540-29-9
1,576
878
0.0083
21
21
NA
NA
0.07
NA
0.035 (h)
0.07
Y
Cobalt
7440-48-4
2,376
2,224
0.012
895
895
NA
1
1
NA
1.2
1
Y
Copper
7440-50-8
1,580
1,221
0.11
316
316
1,000
NA
1,000
1,300 0)
160
1,000
N
Lead
7439-92-1
2,197
1,180
0.028
84.3
84.3
15
NA
15
15 (k)
30
15
Y
Lithium
7439-93-2
1,258
11216
0.14
232
232
NA
NA
NA
NA
8
8
Y
Manganese
7439-96-5
1,772
1,755
2.5
37,000
37,000
50
NA
200
50 (e)
86
50
Y
Mercury
7439-97-6
2,206
168
0.019
13
13
1
NA
1
2
1.14 (1)
1
Y
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
2,198
1,191
0.067
270
270
NA
NA
18
NA
20
18
Y
Nickel
7440-02-0
1,580
1,432
0.14
255
255
100
NA
100
NA
78 (m)
100
Y
Radium (Total)(°)
7440-14-4
1,079
1,079
0
41.9
41.9
NA
NA
NA
5
NA
5
Y
Selenium
7782-49-2
2,198
878
0.082
117
117
20
NA
20
50
20
20
Y
Silver
7440-22-4
0
0
NA
NA
ND
20
NA
NA
NA
18.8
20
N
Strontium
7440-24-6
1,761
1,755
3.4
2,910
2,910
NA
NA
2,100
NA
2,400
2,100
Y
Thallium
7440-28-0
2,376
1,393
0.015
5.6
5.6
0.2
NA
0.2
2
0.04 (n)
0.2
Y
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1,752
1,170
0.058
154
154
NA
NA
0.3
NA
17.2
0.3
1
Y
Zinc
1 7440-66-6
1 1,588
1 1,141
1 2.201
1 870
1 870
1 1
1 NA
1 1
1 5,000 (e)
1,200
1
1 Y
uata evaluated includes data from 2015 to end quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted
Prepared by: iCP Cnecked by: ARD
Notes:
CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service
IMAC
- Interim Maximum Allowable Concentration
NC - North Carolina
SMCL - Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level
COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern
MCL -
Maximum Contaminant Level
NCAC - North Carolina Administrative Code
pg/L - micrograms/liter
DHHS - Department of Health and Human Services
mg/L
- milligrams/liter
ND - Not Detected
USEPA - United States Environmental Protection Agency
HI - Hazard Index
NA -
Not Applicable
RSL - Regional Screening Level
(a) - North Carolina 15A NCAC 02L .0202 Groundwater Standards & IMACs. http://portal.ncdenr.org/c/document_library/get_file?uuid=laa3fal3-2cOf-45b7-ae96-5427fbld25b4&groupId=38364 Amended April 2013.
(b) - DHHS Screening Levels. Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Public Health, Epidemiology Section, Occupational and Environmental
Epidemiology Branch. http://portal.ncdenr.org/c/document_Iibrary/get_file?p_l_id=1169848&folderld=24814087&name=DLFE-112704.pdf
(c) - USEPA 2018 Edition of the Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories. March 2018. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-03/documents/dwtable2Ol8.pdf
(d) - USEPA Regional Screening Levels (May 2019). Values for Residential Soil, Industrial Soil, and Tap Water. HI = 0.2. https://www.epa.gov/risk/regional-screening-levels-rsls-generic-tables
(e) - Value is the Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level. https://www.epa.gov/dwstandardsregulations/secondary-drinking-water-standards-guidance-nuisance-chemicals
(f) - RSL for Antimony (metallic) used for Antimony.
(g) - Value applies to inorganic form of arsenic only.
(h) - Value based on a target risk of 1 x 10-6
(i) - Value for Chromium (III), Insoluble Salts used for Chromium.
(j) - Copper Treatment Technology Action Level is 1.3 mg/L.
(k) - Lead Treatment Technology Action Level is 0.015 mg/L.
(1) - RSL for Mercuric Chloride used for Mercury.
(m) - RSL for Nickel Soluble Salts used for Nickel.
(n) - RSL for Thallium (Soluble Salts) used for Thallium.
(o) - Total Radium concentrations are in units of picocurries per liter (pCi/L). Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 2
TABLE 2-2
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING - SEDIMENT
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Analyte
CAS
Number
of
Samples
Frequency
of
Detection
Range of Detection
(mg/kg)
Concentration
Used for
Screening
(mg/kg)
NC PSRG
Residential Health
Screening Level (a)
(mg/kg)
Residential Soil
RSL (b)
HI = 0.2
(mg/kg)
NC PSRG
Industrial Health
Screening Level
(a)
(mg/kg)(mg/kg)
Industrial Soil
RSL (b)
HI = 0.2
Residential
Screening
Value Used
(mg/kg)
Industrial
Screening
Value Used
(mg/kg)
Residential
COPC?
Industrial
COPC?
Min.
Max.
Aluminum
7429-90-5
14
14
2,200
40,000
40,000
16,000
15,400
230,000
220,000
16,000
230,000
y
N
Antimony
7440-36-0
14
0
NA
NA
ND
6.3 (c)
6.2 (c)
93 (c)
94 (c)
6.3
93
N
N
Arsenic
7440-38-2
14
12
0.47
3.9
3.9
0.68 (d)
0.68 (d, e)
3 (e)
3 (d, e)
0.68
3
y
y
Barium
7440-39-3
14
14
7.7
200
200
3,100
3,000
47,000
44,000
3,100
47,000
N
N
Beryllium
7440-41-7
14
14
0.098
1.5
1.5
31
32
470
460
31
470
N
N
Boron
7440-42-8
14
0
NA
NA
ND
3,100
3,200
47,000
46,000
3,100
47,000
N
N
Cadmium
7440-43-9
14
7
0.13
0.39
0.39
14
14.2
200
196
14
200
N
N
Chromium (Total)
7440-47-3
14
14
8.2
44
44
23,000 (f)
24,000 (f)
350,000 (f)
360,000 (f)
23,000
350,000
N
N
Cobalt
7440-48-4
14
12
0.76
12
12
4.7
4.6
70
70
4.7
70
y
N
Copper
7440-50-8
14
14
0.96
21
21
630
620
9,300
9,400
630
9,300
N
N
Lead
7439-92-1
14
13
2
16
16
400
400 W
800
800 W
400
800
N
N
Manganese
7439-96-5
14
14
22
780
780
380
360
5,600
5,200
380
5,600
y
N
Mercury
7439-97-6
14
1
0.0081
0.0081
0.0081
4.7 (g)
4.6 (g)
70 (g)
70 (g)
4.7
70
N
N
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
14
0
NA
NA
ND
78
78
1,200
1,160
78
1,200
N
N
Nickel
7440-02-0
14
14
1.5
20
20
310 (h)
300 (h)
4,700 (h)
4,400 (h)
310
4,700
N
N
Selenium
7782-49-2
14
0
NA
NA
ND
78
78
1,200
1,160
78
1,200
N
N
Silver
7440-22-4
11
0
NA
NA
ND
78
78
1,200
1,160
78
1,200
N
N
Strontium
7440-24-6
14
13
0.76
16
16
9,400
9,400
140,000
140,000
9,400
140,000
N
N
Thallium
7440-28-0
14
12
0.035
0.5
0.5
0.16 (i)
0.156 (i)
2.3 (i)
2.4 (i)
0.16
2.3
y
N
Vanadium
7440-62-2
14
14
5.6
66
66
78
78
1,200
1,160
78
1,200
N
N
Zinc
7440-66-6
14
14
5.2
90
90
4,700
4,600
70,000
70,000
4,700
70,000
N
N
* Data evaluated includes data trom 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted
Notes:
CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service NC - North Carolina
COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern ND - Not Detected
HI - Hazard Index PSRG - Preliminary Soil Remediation Goal
mg/kg - milligrams/kilogram RSL - Regional Screening Level
NA - Not Applicable USEPA - United States Environmental Protection Agency
(a) - North Carolina Preliminary Soil Remediation Goals (PSRG) Table. HI = 0.2. May 2019. https://files.nc.gov/ncdeq/Waste%20Management/DWM/risk_based_remediation/PSRGs_May2O19_FINAL.pdf
(b) - USEPA Regional Screening Levels (May 2019). Values for Residential and Industrial Soil. HI = 0.2.
https://www.epa.gov/risk/regional-screening-levels-rsls-generic-tables
(c) - RSL for Antimony (metallic) used for Antimony.
(d) - Value applies to inorganic form of arsenic.
(e) - Value based on a target risk of 1 x 10-6
(f) - Value for Chromium (III), Insoluble Salts used for Chromium.
(g) RSL for Mercuric Chloride used for Mercury.
(h) RSL for Nickel (Soluble Salts) used for Nickel.
(i) - RSL for Thallium (Soluble Salts) used for Thallium.
(j) - HI=0.1
vreparea Dy: ii uv (-necKea Dy: AKu
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 2
TABLE 2-3
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING - SURFACE WATER
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Analyte
CAS
Number
of
Samples
Frequency
of
Detection
Range of Detection
(Ng/L)
Concentration
Used for
Screening
(pg/L)
15A NCAC 02L
.0202 Standard (a)
(pg/L)
15A NCAC 02L
.0202 IMAC (a)
(Pg/L)
15A NCAC 02B
Water Supply
(WS) (b)
(pg/L)
15A NCAC 02B
Human Health
(HH) (b)
(Ng/L)
USEPA AWQC
Consumption
of Water and
Organism (c)
(pg/L)
USEPA AWQC
Consumption
of Organism
Only (c)
(Ng/L)
Federal MCL/
SMCL (d)
(Ng/L)
Tap Water RSL
HI = 0.2 (e)
(Ng/L)
Screening
Value Used
(Ng/L)
COPC?
Min.
Max.
Aluminum
7429-90-5
53
51
72.9
1,320
1,320
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
50 to 200 (f)
4,000
50
Y
Antimony
7440-36-0
53
0
NA
NA
ND
1
NA
NA
NA
5.6
640
6
1.56 (g)
1
N
Arsenic
7440-38-2
58
48
0.12
4.3
4.3
10
NA
10
10
0.018 (h)
0.14 (h)
10
0.052 (h, i)
10
N
Barium
7440-39-3
58
58
13.4
49.5
49.5
700
NA
1,000
NA
1,000
NA
2,000
760
700
N
Beryllium
7440-41-7
53
33
0.01
0.067
0.067
NA
4
NA
NA
NA
NA
4
5
4
N
Boron
7440-42-8
58
26
17.94
179
179
700
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
800
700
N
Cadmium
7440-43-9
58
1
0.083
0.083
0.083
2
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
5
1.84
2
N
Chromium (Total)
7440-47-3
58
51
0.16
2.4
2.4
10
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
100
4,400 0)
10
N
Chromium (VI)
18540-29-9
49
40
0.018
0.76
0.76
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.035 (i)
0.035
Y
Cobalt
7440-48-4
53
53
0.12
1 3.4
3.4
NA
1
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.2
1
Y
Copper
7440-50-8
58
45
0.11
0.97
0.97
1,000
NA
NA
NA
1,300
NA
1,300 (k)
160
1,000
N
Lead
7439-92-1
58
53
0.095
0.95
0.95
15
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
15 (1)
30
15
N
Lithium
7439-93-2
5
4
0.62
0.67
0.67
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
8
8
N
Manganese
7439-96-5
53
53
26.8
1,040
1,040
50
NA
200
NA
50
100
50 (f)
86
50
Y
Mercury
7439-97-6
58
52
0.00031
0.00226
0.00226
1
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
2
1.14 (m)
1
N
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
53
4
0.11
0.56
0.56
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
20
20
N
Nickel
7440-02-0
58
28
0.32
2.4
2.4
100
NA
25
NA
610
4,600
NA
78 (n)
100
N
Selenium
7782-49-2
58
3
0.21
0.4
0.4
20
NA
NA
NA
170
4,200
50
20
20
N
Silver
7440-22-4
28
1
0.081
1 0.081
0.081
20
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
18.8
20
N
Strontium
7440-24-6
53
53
18
206
206
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
2,400
2,400
N
Thallium
7440-28-0
59
19
0.019
0.069
0.069
0.2
NA
NA
NA
0.24
0.47
2
0.04 (o)
0.2
N
Vanadium
7440-62-2
53
50
0.12
2.9
2.9
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
17.2
17
N
Zinc
7440-66-6
58
22
2.025
22.9
22.9
1 1
NA
NA
NA
7,400
26,000
5,000 (f)
1,200
1 1
Y
* Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted
Notes:
Ng/L - micrograms/liter IMAC - Interim Maximum Allowable Concentration mg/L - milligrams/liter WS - Water Supply
AWQC - Ambient Water Quality Criteria MCL - Maximum Contaminant Level NCAC - North Carolina Administrative Code
CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service NA - Not Applicable RSL - Regional Screening Level
COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern NC - North Carolina SMCL - Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level
HI - Hazard Index NO - Not Detected USEPA - United States Environmental Protection Agency
(a) - North Carolina 15A NCAC 02L .0202 Groundwater Standards & IMACs. http://portal.ncdenr.org/c/document_library/get_file?uuid=laa3fal3-2cOf-45b7-ae96-5427fbld25b4&groupId=38364 Amended April 2013.
(b) - North Carolina 15A NCAC 02B Surface Water and Wetland Standards. Amended January 1, 2015.
http : //repo rts. oa h. state. nc. u s/nca c/title%2015a%20-%20envi ron menta I °/`2Oq u a I i ty/chapter%2002°/u 20-0/u 20envi ro n m enta I%20ma nagement/subchapter°/u20 b/subchapter%20b°/u20 ru I es. pdf
WS standards are applicable to all Water Supply Classifications. WS standards are based on the consumption of fish and water. Human Health Standards are based on the consumption of fish only unless dermal contact studies are available.
(c) - USEPA National Recommended Water Quality Criteria. USEPA Office of Water and Office of Science and Technology. USEPA AWQC Human Health for the Consumption of Organism Only apply to total concentrations. https://www.epa.gov/wqc/national-recommended-water-quality-criteria-human-health-criteria-table
(d) - USEPA 2018 Edition of the Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories. March 2018. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-03/documents/dwtable2O18.pdf
(e) - USEPA Regional Screening Levels (May 2019). Values for Tap Water. HI = 0.2. https://www.epa.gov/risk/regional-screening-levels-rsls-generic-tables
(f) - Value is the Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level. https://www.epa.gov/dwstandardsregulations/secondary-drinking-water-standards-guidance-nuisance-chemicals
(g) - RSL for Antimony (metallic) used for Antimony.
(h) - Value applies to inorganic form of arsenic only.
(i) - Value based on a target risk of 1 x 10-6
(j) - Value for Chromium (III), Insoluble Salts used for Chromium.
(k) - Copper Treatment Technology Action Level is 1.3 mg/L.
(1) - Lead Treatment Technology Action Level is 0.015 mg/L.
(m) - RSL for Mercuric Chloride used for Mercury.
(n) - RSL for Nickel Soluble Salts used for Nickel.
(o) - RSL for Thallium (Soluble Salts) used for Thallium.
Prepared oy: II.P cnecKeo oy: AKu
Page 1 of 1

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station
ATTACHMENT 3
ECOLOGICAL SCREENING TABLES
SynTerra

ATTACHMENT 3
TABLE 3-1
ECOLOGICAL SCREENING - SEDIMENT - BROAD RIVER - EXPOSURE AREA 1
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Analyte
CAS
Number
of
Samples
Frequency
of
Detection
Range of
Detection
(mg/kg)
Concentration
Used for
Screening
(mg/kg)
USEPA Region 4 Sediment
Screening Values (a)
(mg/kg)
Screening
Value Used
(mg/kg)
COPC?
Min.
Max.
ESV
RSV
Aluminum
7429-90-5
7
7
5,100
37,000
37,000
25,000 (b)
58,000 (b)
25,000
y
Antimony
7440-36-0
7
0
NA
NA
ND
2 (c)
25 (c)
2
N
Arsenic
7440-38-2
7
6
0.59
2.1
2.1
9.8 (d)
33 (d)
10
N
Barium
7440-39-3
7
7
23
200
200
20 (d)
60 (d)
20
y
Beryllium
7440-41-7
7
7
0.22
1.5
1.5
NA
NA
NA
N
Boron
7440-42-8
7
0
NA
NA
ND
NA
NA
NA
N
Cadmium
7440-43-9
7
5
0.13
0.39
0.39
1 (d)
5 (d)
1
N
Chromium (Total)
7440-47-3
7
7
11
44
44
43.4 (d)
111 (d)
43
y
Cobalt
7440-48-4
7
6
1 3.7
12
12
50 (e)
NA (e)
50
N
Copper
7440-50-8
7
7
1.9
21
21
31.6 (d)
149 (d)
31.6
N
Lead
7439-92-1
7
6
3.5
1 14
14
35.8 (d)
128 (d)
35.8
N
Manganese
7439-96-5
7
7
32
660
660
460 (f)
1,100 (f)
460
y
Mercury
7439-97-6
7
1
0.0081
0.0081
0.0081
0.18 (d)
1.1 (d)
0.18
N
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
7
0
NA
NA
ND
NA
NA
NA
N
Nickel
7440-02-0
7
7
3.5
20
20
22.7 (d)
48.6 (d)
22.7
N
Selenium
7782-49-2
7
0
NA
NA
ND
0.8 (f)
1.2 (f)
0.8
N
Silver
7440-22-4
6
0
NA
NA
ND
1 (d)
2.2 (d)
1
N
Strontium
7440-24-6
7
7
1.9
16
16
NA
NA
NA
N
Thallium
7440-28-0
7
6
0.089
0.5
0.5
NA
NA
NA
N
Vanadium
7440-62-2
7
7
12
66
66
NA
NA
NA
N
Zinc
7440-66-6
7
7
1 10
90
90
121 (d)
1 459 (d)
121
N
uata evaluateo mciuces Data rrom LU1S to Lno quarter LUly, Unless otnerwise notea Prepared Dy: ILN (..necKea Dy: AKu
Notes:
CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service mg/kg - milligrams/kilogram RSV - Refinement Screening Value
COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern NA - Not Applicable USEPA - United States Environmental Protection Agency
ESV - Ecoloigical Screening Value ND - Not Detected
(a) - USEPA Region 4 Ecological Risk Assessment Supplemental Guidance. March 2018 Update.
https: //www.epa.gov/sites/prod uction/files/2018-03/documents/era_regiona l_su pplementa I_guidance_report-march-2018_update. pdf
(b) - Los Alamos National Laboratory ECORISK Database. http://www.lani.gov/community-environment/environmental-stewardship/protection/eco-risk-assessment.php
(c) - Long, Edward R., and Lee G. Morgan. 1991. The Potential for Biological Effects of Sediment-Sorbed Contaminants Tested in the National Status and Trends Program.
NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS OMA 52. Used effects range low (ER-L) for chronic and effects range medium (ER-M) for acute.
(d) - MacDonald, D.D.; Ingersoll, C.G.; Smorong, D.E.; Lindskoog, R.A.; Sloane, G.; and T. Bernacki. 2003. Development and Evaluation of Numerical Sediment Quality Assessment Guidelines for
Florida Inland Waters. Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee, FL. Used threshold effect concentration (TEC) for the ESV and probable effect concentration (PEC) for the RSV.
(e) - Persaud, D., R. Jaagumagi and A. Hayton. 1993. Guidelines for the protection and management of aquatic sediment quality in Ontario. Ontario Ministry of the Environment. Queen's Printer of Ontario.
(f) - Los Alamos National Laboratory ECORISK Database. September 2017. http://www.lani.gov/environment/protection/eco-risk-assessment.php
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 3
TABLE 3-2
ECOLOGICAL SCREENING - SURFACE WATER - BROAD RIVER - EXPOSURE AREA 1
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Analyte
CAS
Number of
Samples
P
Frequency of
q y
Detection
Range of Detection
(Ng/L)
Concentration Used
for Screening
(Ng/L)
1SA NCAC 213
Freshwater Aquatic
Life Chronic (a)
(Ng/L )
USEPA Region 4
Freshwater Chronic
Screening Values (b)
(Ng/L)
USEPA
AWQC (c)
CCC (chronic)
L
(Ng/ )
Screening
Value Used
(Ng/L)
COPC.
Min.
Max.
Total
Total
Total
Aluminum
7429-90-5
23
22
72.9
1,320
1,320
NA
87 c
87
87
Y
Antimony
7440-36-0
23
0
NA
NA
ND
NA
190 (d)
NA
190
N
Arsenic
7440-38-2
28
23
0.14
4.3
4.3
NA
150 (c, e)
150 (e)
150
N
Barium
7440-39-3
28
28
13.4
49.5
49.5
NA
220 (d)
NA
220
N
Beryllium
7440-41-7
23
13
0.01
0.067
0.067
NA
3.6 (f, d)
NA
3.6
N
Boron
7440-42-8
28
7
25.5
179
179
NA
7,200 (d)
NA
7,200
N
Cadmium
7440-43-9
28
1
0.083
0.083
0.083
NA
0.46 (f)
0.27 (g)
0.46
N
Chromium (Total)
7440-47-3
28
22
0.23
1.6
1.6
NA
48.8 (f, h)
NA
48.8
N
Chromium (VI)
18540-29-9
21
18
0.018
0.76
0.76
11 (j)
11 (j)
11 (j)
11
N
Cobalt
7440-48-4
23
23
0.19
1.4
1.4
NA
19 (d)
NA
19
N
Copper
7440-50-8
28
20
0.11
0.97
0.97
NA
5.16 (f)
NA
5.16
N
Lead
7439-92-1
28
27
0.095
0.95
0.95
NA
1.32 (f)
NA
1.32
N
Lithium
7439-93-2
3
2
0.62
0.62
0.62
NA
440
NA
440
N
Manganese
7439-96-5
23
23
31
1,040
1,040
NA
93 (d)
NA
93
Y
Mercury
7439-97-6
28
24
3.08E-04
0.00204
0.00204
0.012
0.77 (c, i)
NA
0.012
N
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
23
4
0.11
0.56
0.56
NA
800 (d)
NA
800
N
Nickel
7440-02-0
28
9
0.32
0.91
0.91
NA
29 (f)
NA
29
N
Selenium
7782-49-2
28
0
NA
NA
ND
5
5 (d)
NA
5
N
Silver
7440-22-4
10
0
NA
NA
ND
NA
1.15 (k)
NA
1.15
N
Strontium
7440-24-6
23
23
18
206
206
NA
5,300 (d)
NA
5,300
N
Thallium
7440-28-0
28
8
0.019
0.061
0.061
NA
6 (d)
NA
6
N
Vanadium
7440-62-2
23
22
0.28
2.9
2.9
NA
27
NA
27
N
Zinc
1 7440-66-6
28
8
1 2.6
6.8
6.8
1 NA
67 (f)
1 120 Ml
67
N
* Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted
Notes:
AWQC - Ambient Water Quality Criteria COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern
CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service NA - Not Applicable
CCC - Criterion Continuous Concentration NCAC - North Carolina Administrative Code
ND - Not Detected
pg/L - micrograms/liter
USEPA - United States Environmental Protection Agency
(a) - North Carolina 15A NCAC 02B Surface Water and Wetland Standards. Amended January 1, 2015.
http : // repo rts. oa h. state. n c. u s/ n cac/title%2015 a%20-%20e n vi ro n m e nta I%20q u a l ity/chapter%2002%20-%20e nv i ro n m e nta I%20 m a nag em a nt/subchapter%20 b/subchapter%20 b %20 ru I es. pd f
(b) USEPA Region 4 Ecological Risk Assessment Supplemental Guidance. March 2018 Update.
https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-03/documents/era_regional_supplemental_guidance_report-march-2018_update. pdf
(c) USEPA National Recommended Water Quality Criteria. USEPA Office of Water and Office of Science and Technology. Accessed October 2018.
https: //www. epa. gov/wqc/national-recom mended-water-q ual ity-criteria-aq uatic-I ife-criteria-table
(d) Great Lakes Initiative (GLI) Clearinghouse resources Tier II criteria revised 2013. http://www.epa.gov/gIiclearinghouse/
(e) - Value applies to inorganic form of arsenic only.
(f) - Criterion expressed as a function of total hardness, using a default hardness of 50 mg/L.
(g) - Criterion expressed as a function of total hardness, using a default hardness of 100 mg/L.
(h) - Value for Chromium (III), Insoluble Salts used for Chromium.
(i) - Value for Inorganic Mercury.
(j) - Value based on dissolved criteria. No total criteria available.
(k) - Value based on total acute criteria. No total chronic criteria available.
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 3
TABLE 3-3
ECOLOGICAL SCREENING - SEDIMENT - SUCK CREEK - EXPOSURE AREA 2
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Anal to
Y
CAS
Number
of
Samples
Frequency of
Detection
Range of Detection
(mg/kg)
Concentration
Used for
Screening
(mg/kg)
USEPA Region 4 Sediment
Screening Values (a)
(mg/kg)
Screening
Value Used
(mg/kg)
COPC?
Min.
Max.
ESV
RSV
Aluminum
7429-90-5
4
4
2,200
11,000
11,000
25,000 (b)
58,000 (b)
25,000
N
Antimony
7440-36-0
4
0
NA
NA
ND
2 (c)
25 (c)
2
N
Arsenic
7440-38-2
4
4
0.47
1.2
1.2
9.8 (d)
33 (d)
10
N
Barium
7440-39-3
4
4
7.7
41
41
20 (d)
60 (d)
20
y
Beryllium
7440-41-7
4
4
0.098
0.43
0.43
NA
NA
NA
N
Boron
7440-42-8
4
0
NA
NA
ND
NA
NA
NA
N
Cadmium
7440-43-9
4
0
NA
NA
ND
1 (d)
5 (d)
1
N
Chromium (Total)
7440-47-3
4
4
8.2
21
21
43.4 (d)
111 (d)
43
N
Cobalt
7440-48-4
4
4
0.76
3.2
3.2
50 (e)
NA (e)
50
N
Copper
7440-50-8
4
4
0.96
5
5
31.6 (d)
149 (d)
31.6
N
Lead
7439-92-1
4
4
2
5.9
5.9
35.8 (d)
128 (d)
35.8
N
Manganese
7439-96-5
4
4
22
54
54
460 (f)
1,100 (f)
460
N
Mercury
7439-97-6
4
0
NA
NA
ND
0.18 (d)
1.1 (d)
0.18
N
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
4
0
NA
NA
ND
NA
NA
NA
N
Nickel
7440-02-0
4
4
1.5
8.1
8.1
22.7 (d)
48.6 (d)
22.7
N
Selenium
7782-49-2
4
0
NA
NA
ND
0.8 (f)
1.2 (f)
0.8
N
Silver
7440-22-4
3
0
NA
NA
ND
1 (d)
2.2 (d)
1
N
Strontium
7440-24-6
4
4
0.76
2.8
2.8
NA
NA
NA
N
Thallium
7440-28-0
4
4
0.035
0.22
0.22
NA
NA
NA
N
Vanadium
7440-62-2
4
4
5.6
20
20
NA
NA
NA
N
Zinc
7440-66-6
4
4
5.2
21
21
121 (d)
459 (d)
121
N
* Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted Prepared by: TCP Checked by: ARD
Notes:
CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service mg/kg - milligrams/kilogram RSV - Refinement Screening Value
COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern NA - Not Applicable USEPA - United States Environmental Protection Agency
ESV - Ecoloigical Screening Value NO - Not Detected
(a) - USEPA Region 4 Ecological Risk Assessment Supplemental Guidance. March 2018 Update.
https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-03/documents/era_regional_supplemental_guidance_report-march-2018_update.pdf
(b) - Los Alamos National Laboratory ECORISK Database. http://www.lanl.gov/community-environment/environmental-stewardship/protection/eco-risk-assessment.php
(c) - Long, Edward R., and Lee G. Morgan. 1991. The Potential for Biological Effects of Sediment-Sorbed Contaminants Tested in the National Status and Trends Program.
NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS OMA 52. Used effects range low (ER-L) for chronic and effects range medium (ER-M) for acute.
(d) - MacDonald, D.D.; Ingersoll, C.G.; Smorong, D.E.; Lindskoog, R.A.; Sloane, G.; and T. Bernacki. 2003. Development and Evaluation of Numerical Sediment Quality Assessment Guidelines for
Florida Inland Waters. Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee, FL. Used threshold effect concentration (TEC) for the ESV and probable effect concentration (PEC) for the RSV.
(e) - Persaud, D., R. Jaagumagi and A. Hayton. 1993. Guidelines for the protection and management of aquatic sediment quality in Ontario. Ontario Ministry of the Environment. Queen's Printer of Ontario.
(f) - Los Alamos National Laboratory ECORISK Database. September 2017. http://www.lanl.gov/environment/protection/eco-risk-assessment.php
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 3
TABLE 3-4
ECOLOGICAL SCREENING - SURFACE WATER - SUCK CREEK - EXPOSURE AREA 2
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Analyte
CAS
Number
of
Samples
Frequency of
Detection
Range of Detection
(Ng/L)
Concentration Used for
Screening
(Ng/L)
15A NCAC 213
Freshwater Aquatic
Life Chronic (a)
(Ng/L)
USEPA Region 4
Freshwater Chronic
Screening Values (b)
(Ng/L)
USEPA
AWQC (c)
CCC (chronic)
(Ng/L)
Screening Value
Used
(pg/L)
COPC?
Min.
Max.
Total
Total
Total
Aluminum
7429-90-5
28
27
77.4
292
292
NA
87 (c)
87
87
y
Antimony
7440-36-0
28
0
NA
NA
ND
NA
190 (d)
NA
190
N
Arsenic
7440-38-2
28
23
0.18
0.51
0.51
NA
150 c, e
15 e
150
N
Barium
7440-39-3
28
28
18.8
26.7
26.7
NA
220 (d)
NA
220
N
Beryllium
7440-41-7
28
19
0.01
0.044
0.044
NA
3.6 (f, d)
NA
3.6
N
Boron
7440-42-8
28
19
17.94
79.8
79.8
NA
7,200
NA
7,200
N
Cadmium
7440-43-9
28
0
NA
NA
ND
NA
0.46 (f)
0.27 (g)
0.46
N
Chromium (Total)
7440-47-3
28
27
0.16
2.4
2.4
NA
48.8 (f, h)
NA
48.8
N
Chromium (VI)
18540-29-9
26
20
0.019
0.56
0.56
11 (j)
11 (j)
11.0 (j)
11
N
Cobalt
7440-48-4
28
28
0.18
3.4
3.4
NA
19
NA
19
N
Copper
7440-50-8
28
23
0.29
0.77
0.77
NA
5.16 (f)
NA
5.16
N
Lead
7439-92-1
28
24
0.11
0.49
0.49
NA
1.32 (f)
NA
1.32
N
Lithium
7439-93-2
2
2
0.62
0.67
0.67
NA
440 (d)
NA
440
N
Manganese
7439-96-5
28
28
30
288
288
NA
93 (d)
NA
93
y
Mercury
7439-97-6
28
26
0.00061
0.00226
0.00226
0.012
0.77 (c, i)
NA
0.012
N
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
28
0
NA
NA
ND
NA
800 (d)
NA
800
N
Nickel
7440-02-0
28
19
0.368
2.4
2.4
NA
29 (f)
NA
29
N
Selenium
7782-49-2
28
3
0.21
0.4
0.4
5
5 (d)
NA
5
N
Silver
7440-22-4
16
1
0.081
0.081
0.081
NA
1.15 (k)
NA
1.15
N
Strontium
7440-24-6
28
28
18.6
51.4
51.4
NA
5,300 (d)
NA
5,300
N
Thallium
7440-28-0
28
10
0.02
0.069
0.069
NA
6
NA
6
N
Vanadium
7440-62-2
28
26
0.12
0.98
0.98
NA
27 (d)
NA
27
N
Zinc
7440-66-6
28
13
2.025
12.1
1 12.1
NA
67
120 Mll
67
1 N
* Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted
Notes:
AWQC - Ambient Water Quality Criteria COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern
CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service NA - Not Available
CCC - Criterion Continuous Concentration NCAC - North Carolina Administrative Code
(a) - North Carolina 15A NCAC 02B Surface Water and Wetland Standards. Amended January 1, 2015.
http : //repo rts. oa h. state. nc. u s/nca c/title%2015a%20-%20envi ron menta I%2Oq u a I i ty/chapter%2002%20-%20envi ro n m enta I%20ma nagement/subchapter%20 b/subchapter%20b%20 ru I es. pdf
(b) - USEPA Region 4 Ecological Risk Assessment Supplemental Guidance. March 2018 Update.
https: //www.epa.gov/sites/prod uction/files/2018-03/documents/era_regiona I_su pplementa (_guidance_report-march-2018_update. pdf
(c) - USEPA National Recommended Water Quality Criteria. USEPA Office of Water and Office of Science and Technology. Accessed October 2018.
https: //www.epa.gov/wqc/national-recommended-water-q ual ity-criteria-aq uatic-I ife-criteria-table
(d) - Great Lakes Initiative (GLI) Clearinghouse resources Tier II criteria revised 2013. http://www.epa.gov/gIiclearinghouse/
(e) - Value applies to inorganic form of arsenic only.
(f) - Criterion expressed as a function of total hardness, using a default hardness of 50 mg/L.
(g) - Criterion expressed as a function of total hardness, using a default hardness of 100 mg/L.
(h) - Value for Chromium (III), Insoluble Salts used for Chromium.
(i) - Value for Inorganic Mercury.
(j) - Value based on dissolved criteria. No total criteria available.
(k) - Value based on total acute criteria. No total chronic criteria available.
ND - Not Detected
Prepared by: HEG TCP Checked by: ARD
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 3
TABLE 3-5
ECOLOGICAL SCREENING - SEDIMENT - BROAD RIVER - EXPOSURE AREA 4
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Anal to
Y
CAS
Number
of
Samples
Frequency
of
Detection
Range of
Detection
(mg/kg)
Concentration
Used for
Screening
(mg/kg)
USEPA Region 4 Sediment
Screening Values (a)
(mg/kg)
Screening
Value Used
(mg/kg)
COPC?
Min.
Max.
ESV
RSV
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1
1
NA
40,000
40,000
25,000 (b)
58,000 (b)
25,000
y
Antimony
7440-36-0
1
0
NA
NA
ND
2 (c)
25 (c)
2
N
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1
1
NA
3.9
3.9
9.8 (d)
33 (d)
10
N
Barium
7440-39-3
1
1
NA
160
160
20 (d)
60 (d)
20
y
Beryllium
7440-41-7
1
1
NA
1.3
1.3
NA
NA
NA
N
Boron
7440-42-8
1
0
NA
NA
ND
NA
NA
NA
N
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1
1 1
NA
0.24
0.24
1 (d)
5 (d)
1
N
Chromium (Total)
7440-47-3
1
1
NA
38
38
43.4 (d)
111 (d)
43
N
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1
1
NA
9.9
9.9
50 (e)
NA (e)
50
N
Copper
7440-50-8
1
1
NA
21
21
31.6 (d)
149 (d)
31.6
N
Lead
7439-92-1
1
1
NA
16
16
35.8 (d)
128 (d)
35.8
N
Manganese
7439-96-5
1
1
NA
780
780
460 (f)
1,100 (f)
460
y
Mercury
7439-97-6
1
1 0
NA
NA
ND
0.18 (d)
1.1 (d)
0.18
N
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
1
0
NA
NA
ND
NA
NA
NA
N
Nickel
7440-02-0
1
1
NA
17
17
22.7 (d)
48.6 (d)
22.7
N
Selenium
7782-49-2
1
0
NA
NA
ND
0.8 (f)
1.2 (f)
0.8
N
Silver
7440-22-4
1
0
NA
NA
ND
1 (d)
2.2 (d)
1.0
N
Strontium
7440-24-6
1
1
NA
16
16
NA
NA
NA
N
Thallium
7440-28-0
1
1
NA
0.41
0.41
NA
NA
NA
N
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1
1
NA
60
60
NA
NA
NA
N
Zinc
7440-66-6
1
1
NA
74
74
121 (d)
459 (d)
121
N
* Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted Prepared by: TCP Checked by: ARD
Notes:
CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service mg/kg - milligrams/kilogram RSV - Refinement Screening Value
COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern NA - Not Applicable USEPA - United States Environmental Protection Agency
ESV - Ecoloigical Screening Value NO - Not Detected
(a) - USEPA Region 4 Ecological Risk Assessment Supplemental Guidance. March 2018 Update.
https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-03/documents/era_regional_supplemental_guidance_report-march-2018_update.pdf
(b) - Los Alamos National Laboratory ECORISK Database. http://www.lanl.gov/community-environment/environmental-stewardship/protection/eco-risk-assessment.php
(c) - Long, Edward R., and Lee G. Morgan. 1991. The Potential for Biological Effects of Sediment-Sorbed Contaminants Tested in the National Status and Trends Program.
NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS OMA 52. Used effects range low (ER-L) for chronic and effects range medium (ER-M) for acute.
(d) - MacDonald, D.D.; Ingersoll, C.G.; Smorong, D.E.; Lindskoog, R.A.; Sloane, G.; and T. Bernacki. 2003. Development and Evaluation of Numerical Sediment Quality Assessment Guidelines for
Florida Inland Waters. Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee, FL. Used threshold effect concentration (TEC) for the ESV and probable effect concentration (PEC) for the RSV.
(e) - Persaud, D., R. Jaagumagi and A. Hayton. 1993. Guidelines for the protection and management of aquatic sediment quality in Ontario. Ontario Ministry of the Environment. Queen's Printer of Ontario.
(f) - Los Alamos National Laboratory ECORISK Database. September 2017. http://www.lanl.gov/environment/protection/eco-risk-assessment.php
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 3
TABLE 3-6
ECOLOGICAL SCREENING - SURFACE WATER - BROAD RIVER - EXPOSURE AREA 4
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Analyte
CAS
Number
of
Samples
Frequency of
Detection
Range of Detection
(Ng/L)
Concentration
Used for
Screening
(Ng/L)
iSA NCAC 213
Freshwater Aquatic
Life Chronic (a)
(Ng/L)
USEPA Region 4
Freshwater Chronic
Screening Values (b)
(Ng/L)
USEPA
AWQC (c)
CCC (chronic)
(Ng/L)
Screening
Value Used
(Ng/L)
COPC?
Min.
Max.
Total
Total
Total
Aluminum
7429-90-5
2
2
171
299
299
NA
87 (c)
87
87
Y
Antimony
7440-36-0
2
0
NA
NA
ND
NA
190
NA
190
N
Arsenic
7440-38-2
2
2
0.12
0.18
0.18
NA
150 (c, e)
150 (e)
150
N
Barium
7440-39-3
2
2
13.7
14
14
NA
220 (d)
NA
220
N
Beryllium
7440-41-7
2
1
0.024
0.024
0.024
NA
3.6 (f, d)
NA
3.6
N
Boron
7440-42-8
2
0
NA
NA
ND
NA
7,200
NA
7,200
N
Cadmium
7440-43-9
2
0
NA
NA
ND
NA
0.46 (f)
0.27 (g)
0.46
N
Chromium (Total)
7440-47-3
1
1
0.51
0.51
0.51
NA
48.8 (f, h)
NA
48.8
N
Chromium (VI)
18540-29-9
2
2
0.078
0.081
0.081
11 U)
11 0)
11.0 0)
11
N
Cobalt
7440-48-4
2
2
0.12
0.16
0.16
NA
19 (d)
NA
19
N
Copper
7440-50-8
2
2
0.37
0.7
0.7
NA
5.16 (f)
NA
5.16
N
Lead
7439-92-1
2
2
0.23
0.31
0.31
NA
1.32 (f)
NA
1.32
N
Manganese
7439-96-5
2
2
26.8
31.3
31.3
NA
440 (d)
NA
93
N
Mercury
7439-97-6
2
2
8.78E-04
9.35E-04
0.000935
NA
93 (d)
NA
0.012
N
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
2
0
NA
NA
ND
0.012
0.77 (c, i)
NA
800
N
Nickel
7440-02-0
2
0
NA
NA
ND
NA
800 (d)
NA
29
N
Selenium
7782-49-2
2
0
NA
NA
ND
NA
29 (f)
NA
5
N
Silver
7440-22-4
2
0
NA
NA
ND
5
5 (d)
NA
1.15
N
Strontium
7440-24-6
2
2
24.6
26.7
26.7
NA
1 (k)
NA
5,300
N
Thallium
7440-28-0
2
1
0.056
0.056
0.056
NA
5,300 (d)
NA
6
N
Vanadium
7440-62-2
2
2
0.88
1.1
1.1
NA
6
NA
27
N
Zinc
1 7440-66-6
2
1 1
1 22.9
22.9
1 22.9
1 NA
27 (d)
NA
67
N
* Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted
Notes:
Notes:
AWQC - Ambient Water Quality Criteria COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern
CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service NA - Not Available
CCC - Criterion Continuous Concentration NCAC - North Carolina Administrative Code
(a) - North Carolina 15A NCAC 02B Surface Water and Wetland Standards. Amended January 1, 2015.
http : // repo rts. oa h. state. nc. u s/n ca c/title%2015a%20-%20e nvi ron m e nta I%20q u a I i ty/chapter%2002%20-%20e nv i ro n m e nta I%20 m a n age m e nt/subchapter%20 b/subchapter%20 b%20 ru I es. pdf
(b) - USEPA Region 4 Ecological Risk Assessment Supplemental Guidance. March 2018 Update.
https://www.epa. gov/sites/production/files/2018-03/documents/era_regiona l_su pplementa I_g uidance_report-march-2018_u pdate. pdf
(c) - USEPA National Recommended Water Quality Criteria. USEPA Office of Water and Office of Science and Technology. Accessed October 2018.
https://www.epa. gov/wqc/nationa I-recom mended-water-qual ity-criteria-aq uatic-I ife-criteria-table
(d) - Great Lakes Initiative (GLI) Clearinghouse resources Tier II criteria revised 2013. http://www.epa.gov/gliclearinghouse/
(e) - Value applies to inorganic form of arsenic only.
(f) - Criterion expressed as a function of total hardness, using a default hardness of 50 mg/L.
(g) - Criterion expressed as a function of total hardness, using a default hardness of 100 mg/L.
(h) - Value for Chromium (III), Insoluble Salts used for Chromium.
(i) - Value for Inorganic Mercury.
(j) - Value based on dissolved criteria. No total criteria available.
(k) - Value based on total acute criteria. No total chronic criteria available.
ND - Not Detected
pg/L - micrograms/liter
USEPA - United States Environmental Protection Agency
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: ARD
Page 1 of 1

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
ATTACHMENT 4
DERIVATION OF RISK -BASED CONCENTRATIONS
(EXTRACTED FROM HALEY AND ALDRICH 2015)

Page] of4
TABLE 3-1
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL SCREENING LEVELS
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKEENERGY
Human Health Screening Levels
Soil and Sediment
Groundwater
Surface
Water
INC PSRG
Residential
NC PSRG
Industrial Soil
15A NCAC
15A NCAC
15A NCAC
USEPA AWQC
USEPA AWQC
Residential Health
Soil RSL (a)
Industrial Health
RSL (a)
NC Protection
02L .0202
15A NCAC
DHHS
Tap Water RSL
02B
02B
Consumption
Consumption
Screening Level
HI = 0.2
Screening Level
HI = 0.2
of Groundwater
Standard
02L .0202
Screening
Federal MCL/
HI = 0.2
Water Supply
Human Health
of Water and
of Organism
(hh)
June 2015
(hh)
June 2015
(PSRG )
(a)
IMAC (a)
Level (d)
SMCL (c)
2015 (a)
(WS) (f)
(HH) (f)
Organism (b)
Only (b)
Constituent
CAS
m Ik
m /k
m /k
m /k
m /k
u /L
u /L
u /L
u /L
u /L
u /L
u /L
u /L
u /L
Aluminum
7429-90-5
15,000
15,000
100,000
220,000
NA
NA
NA
3,500
50 to 200 (1)
4,000
NA
NA
NA
NA
Antimony
7440-36-0
6.2 (m)
6.2 (m)
94 (m)
94 (m)
0.9 (m)
1
NA
1
6
1.56 (m)
NA
NA
5.6
640
Arsenic
7440-38-2
0.68 (h)
0.68 (h)
3 (h)
3 (h)
5.8 (h)
10
NA
10
10
0.052 (h)
10
10
0.018 (h)
0.14 (h)
Barium
7440-39-3
3,000
3,000
44,000
44,000
580
700
NA
700
2,000
760
1,000
NA
1,000
NA
Beryllium
7440-41-7
32
32
460
460
63
NA
4
4
4
5
NA
NA
NA
NA
Boron
7440-42-8
3,200
3,200
46,000
46,000
45
700
NA
700
NA
800
NA
NA
NA
NA
Cadmium
7440-43-9
14
14.2
200
196
3
2
NA
2
5
1.84
NA
NA
NA
NA
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Chromium (Total)
7440-47-3
24,000 (n)
24,000 (n)
100,000 (n)
360,000 (n)
360,000 (n)
10
NA
10
100 Q)
4,400 (n)
NA
NA
NA
NA
Chromium, Hexavalent
18540-29-9
0.3
0.3
6.3
6.3
3.8
NA
NA
0.07
NA
0.035
NA
NA
NA
NA
Chromium, Trivalent
16065-83-1
24,000
24,000
100,000
360,000
360,000
NA
NA
NA
NA
4,400
NA
NA
NA
NA
Cobalt
7440-48-4
4.6
4.6
70
70
0.9
NA
1
1
NA
1.2
NA
NA
NA
NA
Copper
7440-50-8
620
620
9,400
9,400
700
1,000
NA
1,000
1,300 (k)
160
NA
NA
1,300
NA
Iron
7439-89-6
11,000
11,000
100,000
164,000
150
300
NA
2,500
300 (1)
2,800
NA
NA
NA
NA
Lead
7439-92-1
400
400
800
800
270
15
NA
15
15 (1)
15
NA
NA
NA
NA
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
360
360
5,200
5,200
65
50
NA
200
50 (i)
86
200
NA
50
100
Mercury
7439-97-6
4.6 (o)
4.6 (o)
3.1 (o)
70 (o)
1 (0)
1
NA
1
2
1.14 (o)
NA
NA
NA
NA
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
78
78
1,200
1,160
NA
NA
NA
18
NA
20
NA
NA
NA
NA
Nickel
7440-02-0
300 (p)
300 (p)
4,400 (p)
4,400 (p)
130 (p)
100
NA
100
NA
78 (p)
25
NA
610
4,600
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
78
78
1,200
1,160
2.1
20
NA
20
50
20
NA
NA
170
4,200
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
20,000
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
9,400
9,400
100,000
100,000
NA
NA
NA
2,100
NA
2,400
NA
NA
NA
NA
Thallium
7440-28-0
0.16 (q)
0.156 (q)
2.4 (q)
2.4 (q)
0.28 (q)
0.2
NA
0.2
2
0.04 (q)
NA
NA
0.24
0.47
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
78
78
1,160
1,160
6
NA
NA
0.3
NA
17.2
NA
NA
NA
NA
Zinc
7440-66-6
4,600
4,600
70,000
70,000
1,200
1
NA
1
5,000 (i)
1,200
NA
NA
7,400
26,000
Alkalinity
ALK
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Bicarbonate Alkalinity
ALKBICARB
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Carbonate Alkalinity
ALKCARB
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Chloride
7647-14-5
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
250,000
NA
0.25
250,000 (i)
NA
250,000
NA
NA
NA
Methane
74-82-8
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Nitrate
14797-55-8
26,000
26,000
100,000
380,000
NA
NA
NA
NA
10,000
6,400
10,000
NA
10,000
NA
pH
PH
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
6.5 - 8.5
NA
NA
6.5 - 8.5
NA
NA
NA
5.0 - 9.0
NA
Sulfate
7757-82-6
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
250,000
NA
250,000 (w)
250,000 (1)
NA
250,000
NA
NA
NA
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Total Dissolved Solids
TDS
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
500,000
NA
NA
500,000 (1)
NA
500,000
NA
250,000
NA
Total Organic Carbon
TOC
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Total Suspended Solids
TSS
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
2015-1217-HAI Screening -e Ie Update 1.Al ,ALL 1/11/2016

Page 2 of 4
TABLE
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL SCREENING LEVELS
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKE ENERGY
Ecological Screening Levels
Soil
Sediment
Eco-SSL (ee)
EcoSSL (ee)
Eco-SSL (ee)
EcoSSL (ee)
ORNL (ff)
ORNL (gg)
USEPA Region 4
USEPA Region 4
Avian Soil
Invertebrate Soil
Mammalian
Plants Soil
Invertebrate Soil
Plant
Sediment
Soil Screening
Screening
Screening
Soil Screening
Screening
Screening
Screening
Screening Values(g)
Benchmark(g)
Benchmark
Benchmark
Benchmark
Benchmark
Benchmark
Benchmark
m /k
Constituent
CAS
m /k
m /k
m /k
m /k
m /k
m /k
m /k
ESV
RSV
Aluminum
7429-90-5
50
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
50
25,000 (x)
58,000 (x)
Antimony
7440-36-0
0.27
NA
78
0.27
NA
NA
5
2 (y)
25 (y)
Arsenic
7440-38-2
18
43
NA
46
18
60
10
9.8 (z)
33 (z)
Barium
7440-39-3
330
NA
330
2,000
NA
NA
500
20 (z)
60 (z)
Beryllium
7440-41-7
10
NA
40
21
NA
NA
10
NA
NA
Boron
7440-42-8
7.5
NA
NA
NA
0.5
NA
0.5
NA
NA
Cadmium
7440-43-9
0.36
0.77
140
0.36
32
20
4
1 (z)
5 (z)
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Chromium (Total)
7440-47-3
28
26 (n)
NA
34 (n)
NA
0.4
1
43.4 (z)
111 (z)
Chromium, Hexavalent
18540-29-9
0.35
NA
NA
130
NA
0.4
1
NA
NA
Chromium, Trivalent
16065-83-1
18
26
NA
34
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Cobalt
7440-48-4
13
120
NA
230
13
NA
20
50 (aa)
NA (aa)
Copper
7440-50-8
28
120
NA
230
13
50
100
31.6 (z)
149 (z)
Iron
7439-89-6
200
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
20,000 (aa)
40,000 (aa)
Lead
7439-92-1
11
11
1700
56
120
500
50
35.8 (z)
128 (z)
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
220
4,300
450
4,000
220
NA
500
460 (bb)
1,100 (bb)
Mercury
7439-97-6
0.1
NA
0.1
NA
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.18 (z)
1.1 (z)
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
2
NA
NA
NA
2
NA
2
NA
NA
Nickel
7440-02-0
38
210
280
130
38
200
30
22.7 (z)
48.6 (z)
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
0.52
1.2
4.1
0.63
0.52
70
1
11 (bb)
20 (bb)
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
96
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Thallium
7440-28-0
0.22
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
7.8
7.8
NA
280
2
NA
2
NA
NA
Zinc
7440-66-6
46
46
120
79
160
100
50
121 (z)
459 (z)
Alkalinity
ALK
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Bicarbonate Alkalinity
ALKBICARB
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Carbonate Alkalinity
ALKCARB
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Chloride
7647-14-5
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Methane
74-82-8
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Nitrate
14797-55-8
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
pH
PH
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Sulfate
7757-82-6
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
39 (bb)
61 (bb)
Total Dissolved Solids
TDS
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Total Organic Carbon
TOC
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Total Suspended Solids
TSS
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
2015-1217-HAI Screening -e Ie Update 1.xlex, ALL 1/11/2016

Page 3 of4
TABLE
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL SCREENING LEVELS
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKE ENERGY
Ecological Screening Levels
Surface
Water
15A NCAC 2B
15A NCAC 2B
USEPA Region 4
USEPA Region 4
USEPA
USEPA
Freshwater Aquatic Life
Freshwater Aquatic Life
Freshwater Acute Screening
Freshwater Chronic Screening
AWQC (b)
AWQC (b)
Acute (f)
Chronic (f)
Values (g)
Values (g)
CMC (acute)
CCC (chronic)
u IL
u /L
OWL)
OWL)
u /L
u /L
Constituent
CAS
Total
Dissolved
Total
Dissolved
Total
Dissolved
Total
Dissolved
Total
Dissolved
Total
I Dissolved
Aluminum
7429-90-5
NA
NA
NA
NA
750 (b)
NA
87 (b)
NA
750
NA
87
NA
Antimony
7440-36-0
NA
NA
NA
NA
900 (cc)
NA
190 (cc)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Arsenic
7440-38-2
NA
340
NA
150
340 (b, h)
340 (b, h)
150 (b, h)
150 (b, h)
340 (h)
340 (h)
150 (h)
150 (h)
Barium
7440-39-3
NA
NA
NA
NA
2000 (cc)
NA
220 (cc)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Beryllium
7440-41-7
NA
65
NA
6.5
31 (r, cc)
NA
3.6 (r, cc)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Boron
7440-42-8
NA
NA
NA
NA
34,000 (cc)
NA
7,200 (cc)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Cadmium
7440-43-9
NA
0.82 (u)
NA
0.15 (u)
1.1 (r)
1.0 (r)
0.16 (r)
0.15 (r)
2.13 (r)
2.01 (r)
0.27 (r)
0.25 (r)
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
116,000 (dd)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Chromium (Total)
7440-47-3
NA
183 (n, u
50
24 (n, u
1,022 (n, r)
323 (n, r)
48.8 (n, r)
42.0 (n, r)
1,803 (n, r)
570 (n, r)
86.2 (n, r)
74.1 (n, r)
Chromium, Hexavalent
18540-29-9
NA
16
NA
11
16 (b)
15.4 (b)
11 (b)
10.6 (b)
NA
NA
NA
NA
Chromium, Trivalent
16065-83-1
NA
183 (u)
NA
24 (u)
1,022 (r)
323 (r)
48.8 (r)
42.0 (r)
1,803 (r)
570 (r)
86.2 (r)
74.1 (r)
Cobalt
7440-48-4
NA
NA
NA
NA
120 (cc)
NA
19 (cc)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Copper
7440-50-8
NA
3.6 (u)
NA
2.7 (u)
7.3 (r)
7.0 (r)
5.16 (r)
4.95 (r)
14.0 (r)
13.4 (r)
9.33 (r)
8.96 (r)
Iron
7439-89-6
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1,000 (b)
NA
NA
NA
1,000
NA
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
14 (u)
NA
0.54 (u)
33.8 (r)
30.1 (r)
1.32 (r)
1.17 (r)
81.6 (r)
64.6 (r)
3.18 (r)
2.52 (r)
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
82,000 (dd)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
NA
NA
NA
NA
1,680 (cc)
NA
93 (cc)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Mercury
7439-97-6
NA
NA
0.012
NA
1.4 (b, s)
1.2 (b, s)
0.77 (b, s)
0.65 (b, s)
1.4 (s)
1.2 (s)
0.77 (s)
0.65 (s)
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
NA
NA
NA
NA
7,200 (cc)
NA
800 (cc)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Nickel
7440-02-0
NA
145 (u)
NA
16 (u)
261 (r)
260 (r)
29.0 (r)
28.9 (r)
469 (r)
468 (r)
52.2 (r)
52.0 (r)
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
53,000 (dd)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
NA
NA
5
NA
20 (cc)
NA
5 (cc)
NA
12.82 (t)
NA
5 (t)
NA
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
680,000 (dd)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
NA
NA
NA
NA
48,000 (cc)
NA
5,300 (cc)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Thallium
7440-28-0
NA
NA
NA
NA
54 (cc)
NA
6 (cc)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
NA
NA
NA
NA
79 (cc)
NA
27 (cc)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Zinc
7440-66-6
NA
36 (u)
NA
36 (u)
67 (r)
65 (r)
67 (r)
66 (r)
120 (r)
117 (r)
120 (r)
118 (r)
Alkalinity
ALK
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
20,000
NA
NA
NA
20,000
NA
Bicarbonate Alkalinity
ALKBICARB
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Carbonate Alkalinity
ALKCARB
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Chloride
7647-14-5
NA
NA
230,000 (v)
NA
860,000 (b)
NA
230,000 (b)
NA
860,000
NA
230,000
NA
Methane
74-82-8
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Nitrate
14797-55-8
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
pH
PH
NA
NA
6.0 - 9.0
NA
NA
NA
6.5 - 9.0 (b)
NA
NA
NA
6.5 - 9.0
NA
Sulfate
7757-82-6
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
2
NA
Total Dissolved Solids
TDS
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Total Organic Carbon
TOC
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Total Suspended Solids
TSS
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
2015-1217-HAI Screening -e Ie Update 1.Al ,ALL 1/11/2016

Page 4 of 4
TABLE 3-1
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL SCREENING LEVELS
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKEENERGY
Notes:
AWQC - Ambient Water Quality Criteria.
DENR - Department of Environment and Natural Resources.
mg/kg - milligrams/kilogram.
RSV - Refinement Screening Value.
CAMA - Coal Ash Management Act.
DHHS - Department of Health and Human Services.
NA - Not Available.
SMCL - Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level.
North Carolina Session Law 2014-122,
ESV - Ecological Screening Value.
NC - North Carolina.
SSL - Soil Screening Level.
http://www.ncleg.nettSessions/2013/Bills/Senate/PDF/S729v7.pdf
HH - Human Health
NCAC - North Carolina Administrative Code.
su - Standard units.
CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service.
HI - Hazard Index.
ORNL - Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
ug/L - micrograms/liter.
CCC - Criterion Continuous Concentration.
IMAC - Interim Maximum Allowable Concentration.
PSRG - Preliminary Soil Remediation Goal.
USEPA - United States Environmental Protection Agency.
CMC - Criterion Maximum Concentration.
MCL - Maximum Contaminant Level.
RSL - Regional Screening Level.
WS - Water Supply.
(a) - USEPA Regional Screening Levels (June 2015). Values for Residential Soil, Industrial Soil, and Tap Water. HI = 0.2. Accessed November 2015.
http://www2. epa.gov/risk/risk-based-screening-table-generic-tables
(b) - USEPA National Recommended Water Quality Criteria. USEPA Office of Water and Office of Science and Technology. Accessed April 2015.
http://water. epa.gov/scitech/swguidance/standards/criteria/cu rrenttindex.cfm
USEPA AWQC Human Health for the Consumption of Organism Only apply to total concentrations.
(c) - USEPA 2012 Edition of the Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories. Spring 2012. Accessed April 2015.
http://water.epa.gov/action/advisories/drinking/upload/dwstandards2012. pdf
(d) - DHHS Screening Levels. Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Public Health, Epidemiology Section, Occupational and Environmental
Epidemiology Branch. http://portal.ncdenr.org/c/document_library/get_fle?p_I_id=1169848&folderld=24814087&name=DLFE-112704.pdf
(a) - North Carolina 15A NCAC 02L .0202 Groundwater Standards & IMACs. http://portal.ncdenr.org/c/document_library/get_file?uuid=1aa3fa13-2cOf-45b7-ae96-5427fb1d25b4&groupld=38364
Amended April 2013.
(f) - North Carolina 15A NCAC 02B Surface Water and Wetland Standards. Amended January 1, 2015.
http://reports.oah.state.nc.us/ncac/title % 2015a / 20- / 20environmental % 20quality/chapter / 2002 / 20- / 20environmental % 20managementtsubchapter % 20b/subchapter / 20b / 20rules.pdf
WS standards are applicable to all Water Supply Classifications. WS standards are based on the consumption of fish and water.
Human Health Standards are based on the consumption offish only unless dermal contact studies are available.
For Class C, use the most stringent of freshwater (or, if applicable, saltwater) column and the Human Health column.
For a WS water, use the most stringent of Freshwater, WS and Human Health. Likewise, Trout Waters and High Quality Waters must adhere to the most stingent of all applicable standards.
(g) - USEPA Region 4. 2015. Region 4 Ecological Risk Assessment Supplemental Guidance Interim Draft. August.
http://www2.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-09/documents/r4 era_guidance document_draft_final_8-25-2015. pdf
(h) - Value applies to inorganic form of arsenic only.
(i) - Value is the Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level.
0) - Value for Total Chromium.
(k) - Copper Treatment Technology Action Level is 1.3 mg/L.
(1) - Lead Treatment Technology Action Level is 0.015 mg/L.
(m) - RSL for Antimony (metallic) used for Antimony.
(n) - Value for Chromium (III), Insoluble Salts used for Chromium.
(o) - RSL for Mercuric Chloride used for Mercury.
(p) - RSL for Nickel Soluble Salts used for Nickel.
(q) - RSL for Thallium (Soluble Salts) used for Thallium.
(r) - Criterion expressed as a function of total hardness (mg/L). Value displayed corresponds to a default total hardness of 100 mg/L.
(s) - Value for Inorganic Mercury.
(t) - Acute AWQC is equal to 1/[(f1/CMC1) + (f2/CMC2)] where f1 and f2 are the fractions of total selenium that are treated as selenite and selenate, respectively, and
CMC1 and CMC2 are 185.9 ug/L and 12.82 ug/L, respectively. Calculated assuming that all selenium is present as selenate, a likely overly conservative assumption.
(u) - Criterion expressed as a function of total hardness (mg/L). Value displayed corresponds to a default total hardness of 25 mg/L.
(v) - Chloride Action Level for Toxic Substances Applicable to NPDES Permits is 230,000 ug/L.
(w) - Applicable only to persons with a sodium restrictive diet.
(x) - Los Alamos National Laboratory ECORISK Database. http://www.lanl.gov/community-environmentlenvironmental-stewardship/protection/eco-risk-assessment.php
(y) - Long, Edward R., and Lee G. Morgan. 1991. The Potential for Biological Effects of Sediment-Sorbed Contaminants Tested in the National Status and Trends Program.
NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS OMA 52. Used effects range low (ER-L) for chronic and effects range medium (ER-M) for acute.
(z) - MacDonald, D.D.; Ingersoll, C.G.; Smorong, D.E.; Lindskoog, R.A.; Sloane, G.; and T. Bernacki. 2003. Development and Evaluation of Numerical Sediment Quality Assessment Guidelines for
Florida Inland Waters. Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee, FL. Used threshold effect concentration (TEC) for the ESV and probable effect concentration (PEC) for the RSV.
(as) - Persaud, D., R. Jaagumagi and A. Hayton. 1993. Guidelines for the protection and management of aquatic sediment quality in Ontario. Ontario Ministry of the Environment. Queen's Printer of Ontario.
(bb) - Washington State Sediment Management Standards, Cleanup Objections. http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/tcp/smu/sed_standards.htm
(cc) - Great Lakes Initiative (GLI) Clearinghouse resources Tier 11 criteria revised 2013. http://www.epa.gov/gliclearinghouse/
(dd) - Suter, G.W., and Tsao, C.L. 1996. Toxicological Benchmarks for Screening Potential Contaminants of Concern for Effects on Aquatic Biota: 1996 Revision. ES/ER/TM-96/R2.
http://www.esd.ornl.gov/programs/ecorisk/documents/tmg6r2.pdf
(ee) - USEPA. 2015. Interim Ecological Soil Screening Level Documents. http://www2.epa.gov/chemical-research/interim-ecological-soil-screening-level-documents
(ff) - Efroymson, R.A., M.E. Will, and G.W. Suter II, 1997a. Toxicological Benchmarks for Contaminants of Potential Concern for Effects on Soil and Litter Invertebrates and Heterotrophic Process:
1997 Revision. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN. ES/ER/TM-126/R2. (Available at http://www.esd.ornl.gov/programs/ecorisk/documents/tml26r2l.pdo
(gg) - Efroymson, R.A., M.E. Will, G.W. Suter 11, and A.C. Wooten, 1997b. Toxicological Benchmarks for Screening Contaminants of Potential Concern for Effects on Terrestrial Plants:
1997 Revision. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN. ES/ER/TM-85/R3. (Available at http://www.esd.orni.gov/programs/ecorisk/documents/tm85r3.pdf)
(hh) - North Carolina Preliminary Soil Remediation Goals (PSRG) Table. HI = 0.2. September 2015. http://portal.nedenr.org/Gtdocument_library/get_file?uuid=Of601ffa-574d-4479-bbb4-253afO665bf5&groupld=38361
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
2015-1217-HAI Screening -e Ie Update 1.Al , ALL 1/11/2016

Page 1 of 5
TABLE 4-1
HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE PARAMETERS
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKEENERGY
Current/Future On -Site
Current/Future Off -Site Resident
Trespasser
Current/Future
Off -Site Recreational Swimmer
Child (Age <6)
Adult
Child and Adult (Ages
1.26)
Adolescent(6-<16
years)
Child (Age <6 )
Adolescent(6-<16
years)
Adult
Child, Adolescent
and Adult (Ages 1 -
26)
Parameter
Units
Standard Parameters
Body Weight
BW
kg
15 USEPA,
80
USEPA,
NA
44
USEPA, 2011
15
USEPA,
44
USEPA,
80
USEPA,
NA
2014a
2014a
[7]
2011 [1]
2011 [1]
2014a
Exposure Duration
ED
years
6 Ages <6
20
Balance of
26
USEPA,
10
Ages 6 - <16
6
Ages <6
10
Ages 6 - <16
10
Balance of
26
Site-
26-yr
2014a
26-yr
specific
exposure
I
exposure
Non —carcinogenic Averaging Time
Atnc
days
2190 ED
7300
ED
9490
ED
3650
ED expressed
2190
ED
3650
ED
3650
ED
9490
ED
expressed in
expressed
expressed
in days
expressed in
expressed in
expressed in
expressed
days
in days
in days
days
days
days
in days
Carcinogenic Averaging Time
Atc
days
25550 70 year
25550 70 year
25550 70 year
25550
70 year
25550 70 year
25550 70 year
25550 70 year
25550
70 year
lifetime
lifetime
lifetime
lifetime
lifetime
lifetime
lifetime
lifetime
Incidental Ingestion of Soil
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
NA
NA
NA
45
USEPA,
NA
NA
NA
NA
2014b
Soil Ingestion Rate
IR
mg/day
NA
NA
NA
100
USEPA, 2011
NA
NA
NA
NA
[4]
Fraction Ingested
FI
unitless
NA
NA
NA
1.0
Site -specific
NA
NA
NA
NA
[6]
Age -Adjusted Soil Ingestion Rate
IFSadj
mg-yr/kg-day
NA
NA
NA
23
NA
NA
NA
NA
Age -Adjusted Soil Ingestion Factor-
IFSM
mg-yr/kg-day
68
Mutagenic
Dermal Exposure with Soil
Exposed Skin Surface Area
SA
cm2
NA
NA
NA
3160
USEPA, 2011
NA
NA
NA
NA
[7]
Soil Adherence Factor
AF
rmg/cm'
NA
NA
NA
0.10
USEPA, 2011
NA
NA
NA
NA
[s1
Fraction Dermal
EV
event/day
NA
NA
NA
1.0
Site -specific
NA
NA
NA
NA
[6]
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor
DFSadj
mg-yr/kg-day
NA
NA
NA
72
NA
NA
NA
NA
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor-
DFSM
215
mg-yr/kg-day
Mutagenic
Particulate Inhalation
Exposure Time
ETA
hours/day
NA
NA
NA
2
Site -specific
NA
NA
NA
NA
2]
Incidental Ingestion of Sediment
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
NA
NA
NA
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
2014b
2014b
2014b
2014b
2014b
Sediment Ingestion Rate
IR
mg/day
NA
NA
NA
10
USEPA, 2011
10
USEPA,
10
USEPA,
5
USEPA,
NA
[4]
2011 [41
2011 [41
2011 [41
Fraction Ingested
FI
unitless
NA
NA
NA
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site-
[6]
[6]
[6]
[6]
specific
Age -Adjusted Sediment Ingestion Rate
IFSadj
mg-yr/kg-day
NA
NA
NA
2
NA
NA
NA
7
Age -Adjusted Sediment Ingestion Factor-
IFSM
mg-yr/kg-day
NA
NA
NA
7
NA
NA
NA
29
Mutagenic
Dermal Exposure with Sediment
Exposed Skin Surface Area
SA
am'
NA
NA
NA
3820
USEPA, 2011
6378
USEPA,
13350 USEPA,
20900 USEPA,
NA
[121
2014a
2011 [11]
2014a
Sediment Adherence Factor
AF
mg/cm'
NA
NA
NA
0.10
USEPA, 2011
0.10
USEPA,
0.10
USEPA,
0.07
USEPA,
NA
191
2011 [9]
2011 [9]
2011 [8]
Fraction Dermal
EV
event/day
NA
NA
NA
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site-
[6]
[6]
[6]
[6]
specific
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor
DFSadj
mg-yr/kg-day
NA
NA
NA
87
NA
NA
NA
741
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor-
DFSM
NA
NA
NA
260
NA
NA
NA
2454
mg-yr/kg-day
Mutagenic
1/11/2016

Page 2 of 5
TABLE 4-1
HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE PARAMETERS
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKEENERGY
Current/Future On -Site
Current/Future Off -Site Resident
Trespasser
Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Swimmer
Child and Adult (Ages
Adolescent(6-<16
Adolescent(6-<16
Child, Adolescent
Child (Age c6)
Adult
1.26)
years)
Child (Age <6 )
years)
Adult
and Adult (Ages 1 -
Parameter
Units
26)
Incidental Ingestion of Groundwater [17]
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Water Ingestion Rate
IR
L/day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Fraction Ingested
FI
unilless
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
I NA
NA
NA
Dermal Exposure with Groundwater
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Exposed Skin Surface Area
SA
crri'
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Exposure Time
t-event
hr/event
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Events per Day
EV
event/day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Incidental Ingestion of Surface Water [17]
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
NA
NA
NA
45 USEPA,
45 USEPA,
45 USEPA,
45 USEPA,
45 USEPA,
20141,
20141,
1 20141,
20141,
2014b
Water Ingestion Rate
IR
L/day
NA
NA
NA
0.02 USEPA,
0.10 USEPA,
0.10 USEPA,
0.10 USEPA,
NA
20141, [13]
20141, [13]
20141, [13]
20141, [13]
Fraction Ingested
FI
unilless
NA
NA
NA
1.0 Site -specific
1.0 Site -specific
1.0 Site -specific
1.0 Site -specific
1.0 Sile-
151
151
151
151
specific
Age -Adjusted Water Ingestion Rate
IFWadj
L/kg
NA
NA
NA
0.2
NA
NA
NA
3.4
Age -Adjusted Water Ingestion Factor-
IFWM
L/kg
NA
NA
NA
0.6
NA
NA
NA
13.2
Mutagenic
Dermal Exposure with Surface Water
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
NA
NA
NA
45 USEPA,
45 USEPA,
45 USEPA,
45 USEPA,
45 USEPA,
20141,
20141,
20141,
20141,
20141,
Exposed Skin Surface Area
SA
crri'
NA
NA
NA
3820 USEPA, 2011
6378 USEPA,
13350 USEPA,
20900 USEPA,
NA
[121
2014a
2011 [111
2014a
Exposure Time
t-event
hr/event
NA
NA
NA
2 Site -specific
2 Site -specific
2 Site -specific
2 Site -specific
2
151
151
151
151
Events per Day
EV
event/day
NA
NA
NA
1.0 Site -specific
1.0 Site -specific
1.0 Site -specific
1.0 Site -specific
1.0 Site-
151
151
151
151
specific
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor
DFWadj
eventscm'/kg
NA
NA
NA
39068
NA
NA
NA
368901
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor-
DFWM
eventscm'/kg
NA
NA
NA
117205
NA
NA
NA
1139453
Mutagenic
Ingestion of Fish - Subsistence Angler
Fish Ingestion Rate
IR
g/day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Fraction Ingested
FI
unilless
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Ingestion of Fish - Recreational Angler
Fish Ingestion Rate
IR
g/day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Fraction Ingested
FI
unilless
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1/11/2016

Page 3 of 5
TABLE 4-1
HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE PARAMETERS
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKEENERGY
Current/Future
Off -Site
Recreational
Wader
Current/Future On.
Current/Future
On -
Parameter
Units
Current/Future Off-
Site Recreational
Boater
Current/Future
Off -Site
Fisher
Site Commercial/
Industrial Worker
Site
Construction
Worker
Child (Age <6)
Adolescent (6-<16
years)
Adult
Child, Adolescent
and Adult (Ages 1 -
26)
Standard Parameters
Body Weight
BW
kg
15
USEPA,
44
USEPA,
80
USEPA,
NA
80
USEPA,
80
USEPA, 2014a
80 USEPA,
80
USEPA,
2011[1]
2011[1]
2014a
2014a
2014a
2014a
Exposure Duration
ED
years
6
Ages <6
10
Ages 6 - <16
10
Balance of
26
Site-
10
Balance of
10
Balance of 26-yr
25 USEPA,
1
USEPA, 2002
26-yr
specific
26-yr
exposure
2014a
exposure
exposure
Non —carcinogenic Averaging Time
Atnc
days
2190
ED
3650
ED
3650
ED
9490
ED
3650
ED
3650
ED expressed in
9125 ED
365
ED
expressed in
expressed in
expressed in
expressed
expressed in
days
expressed in
expressed in
days
days
days
in days
days
days
days
Carcinogenic Averaging Time
Atc
days
25550
70 year
25550 70 year
25550 70 year
25550
70 year
25550 70 year
25550
70 year lifetime
25550 70 year
25550 70 year
lifetime
lifetime
lifetime
lifetime
lifetime
lifetime
lifetime
Incidental Ingestion of Soil
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
250 USEPA,
60
Site -specific
2014a
[16]
Soil Ingestion Rate
IR
mg/day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
100 USEPA,
330
USEPA,
2014a
2002
Fraction Ingested
FI
unitless
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.0 USEPA,
1.0
USEPA, 2002
2014a
Age -Adjusted Soil Ingestion Rate
IFSadj
mg-yr/kg-day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Age -Adjusted Soil Ingestion Factor-
IFSM
mg-yr/kg-day
Mutagenic
Dermal Exposure with Soil
Exposed Skin Surface Area
SA
cm2
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
3470 USEPA,
3470
USEPA,
2014a
2014a
Soil Adherence Factor
AF
rng/cm'
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.12 USEPA,
0.3
USEPA, 2002
2014a
Fraction Dermal
EV
event/day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.0 USEPA,
1.0
USEPA, 2002
2014a
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor
DFSadj
mg-yr/kg-day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor-
DFSM
mg-yr/kg-day
Mutagenic
Particulate Inhalation
Exposure Time
ET-
hours/day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
4 Site -specific
8
USEPA,
[141
2014a
Incidental Ingestion of Sediment
Exposure Frequency
days/year
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA, 2014b
12 Site -specific
NA
2014b
2014b
2014b
2014b
2014b
[14]
Sediment Ingestion Rate
[IFSadj
mg/day
10
USEPA,
10
USEPA,
5
USEPA,
NA
5
USEPA,
5
USEPA, 2011
5 USEPA, 2011
NA
2011 [4]
2011 [4]
2011 [4]
2011 [4]
[4]
[4]
Fraction Ingested
unitless
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site-
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific [6]
1.0 USEPA,
NA
[6]
[6]
[6]
specific
[6]
2014a
Age -Adjusted Sediment Ingestion Rate
mg-yr/kg-day
NA
NA
NA
7
NA
NA
NA
NA
Age -Adjusted Sediment Ingestion Factor-
IFSM
mg-yr/kg-day
NA
NA
NA
29
NA
NA
NA
NA
Mutagenic
Dermal Exposure with Sediment
Exposed Skin Surface Area
SA
an'
1770
USEPA,
3820
USEPA,
5790
USEPA,
NA
5790
USEPA,
5790
USEPA, 2011
670 USEPA, 2011
NA
2011[121
2011[121
2011[121
2011[121
[121
[151
Sediment Adherence Factor
AF
mg/cm'
0.10
USEPA,
0.10
USEPA,
0.07
USEPA,
NA
0.1
USEPA,
0.1
USEPA, 2011
0.1 USEPA,
NA
2011 [9]
1
2011 [9]
1
2011 [8]
2011 [8]
1
181
1 2014a
Fraction Dermal
EV
event/day
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site-
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific [61
1.0 USEPA,
NA
[6]
[6]
[6]
specific
[6]
2014a
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor
DFSadj
mg-yr/kg-day
NA
NA
NA
208
NA
NA
NA
NA
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor-
DFSM
NA
NA
NA
689
NA
NA
NA
NA
mg-yr/kg-day
Mutagenic
1/11/2016

Page 4 of 5
TABLE 4-1
HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE PARAMETERS
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKEENERGY
Current/Future
Off -Site
Recreational
Wader
Current/Future On.
Current/Future
On -
Current/Future Off-
Site Commercial/
Site
Construction
Child, Adolescent
Child (Age <6)
Adolescent
(6-<16
Adult
and Adult (Ages 1 -
Site
Recreational
Current/Future
Off -Site
Industrial Worker
Worker
Parameter
Units
years)
26)
Boater
Fisher
Incidental Ingestion of Groundwater [17]
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
60
Site -specific
1161
Water Ingestion Rate
IR
L/day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.004 USEPA, 2011
[101
Fraction Ingested
FI
unilless
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.0
Assumption
Dermal Exposure with Groundwater
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
60
Site -specific
[16]
Exposed Skin Surface Area
SA
crri'
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
670
USEPA, 2011
1151
Exposure Time
t-event
hr/event
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.6
Site -specific
1161
Events per Day
EV
event/day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.0
Assumption
Incidental Ingestion of Surface Water [17]
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
NA
NA
NA
NA
20141b
2014b
2014b
2014b
Water Ingestion Rate
IR
L/day
0.10
USEPA,
0.02
USEPA,
0.02
USEPA,
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
20141b [13]
20141b [13]
20141b [13]
Fraction Ingested
FI
unilless
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site-
NA
NA
NA
NA
151
151
151
specific
Age -Adjusted Water Ingestion Rate
IFWadj
L/kg
NA
NA
NA
2.12
NA
NA
NA
NA
Age -Adjusted Water Ingestion Factor-
IFWM
L/kg
NA
NA
NA
10.33
NA
NA
NA
NA
Mutagenic
Dermal Exposure with Surface Water
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA, 20141b
12 Site -specific
NA
2014b
2014b
2014b
2014b
2014b
[14]
Exposed Skin Surface Area
SA
crri'
1770
USEPA,
3820
USEPA,
5790
USEPA,
NA
5790
USEPA,
5790
USEPA, 2011
670 USEPA, 2011
NA
2011[121
2011[121
2011[121
2011[121
[121
1151
Exposure Time
t-event
hr/event
2
Site -specific
2
Site -specific
2
Site -specific
2
2
Site -specific
2
Site -specific [5]
4 Site -specific
NA
151
151
151
151
[14]
Events per Day
EV
event/day
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site-
1
Site -specific
1
Site -specific [5]
1.0 Assumption
NA
151
151
151
specific
151
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor
DFWadj
eventscm'/kg
NA
NA
NA
103497
NA
NA
NA
NA
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor-
DFWM
eventscm'/kg
NA
NA
NA
319693
NA
NA
NA
NA
Mutagenic
Ingestion of Fish - Subsistence Angler
Fish Ingestion Rate
IR
g/day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Adult: 170
USEPA, 2000
NA
NA
1181
Child: 98
USEPA, 2011
[20]
Fraction Ingested
FI
unilless
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.0
Site -specific.
NA
NA
Assumes 100
offish is from
the Site.
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
I NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1 365
NA
NA
Ingestion of Fish - Recreational Angler
Fish Ingestion Rate
IR
g/day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Adult: 17.5
USEPA, 2000
NA
NA
1191
Adolescent:
USEPA, 2011
7.6
[211
Fraction Ingested
FI
unilless
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.0
Site -specific.
NA
NA
Assumes 100
offish is from
the Site.
Exposure Frequency
JEF
days/year
I NA
I NA
I NA
I NA
I NA
1 365
1 NA
I NA
1/11/2016

Page 5 of 5
TABLE 4-1
HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE PARAMETERS
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKEENERGY
Notes and Abbreviations
USEPA, 2000. Guidance for Assessing Chemical Contaminant Data for Use in Fish Advisories. Volume 1, Fish Sampling and Analysis, Third Edition. EPA 823-B-00-007. USEPA Office of Water. 2000.
USEPA, 2002 - Supplemental Guidance for Developing Soil Screening Levels for Superfund Sites. OWSWER 9355.4-24
USEPA, 2011 - Exposure Factors Handbook. USEPA/600/R-10/030. October, 2011.
USEPA, 2014a - Human Health Evaluation Manual, Supplemental Guidance: Update of Standard Default Exposure Factors. OSWER 9200.1-120. February 6, 201.
USEPA, 20141, - Region 4 Human Health Risk Assessment Supplemental Guidance. January 2014. Draft Final.
[1] - Table 8-1 of USEPA (2011).
[2] - Assumes 2 hours per day.
[3] - One -tenth of the value for swimming (49 ml/hour; Table 3-5 of USEPA (2011)) used to approximate incidental ingestion during wading in washes during storm water events.
[4] - Table 5-1 of USEPA (2011), recommended value for soil plus dust. For sediment, these values are adjusted by a factor of 0.1 to account for the lower sediment exposure potential.
[5] - Assumes 2 hours per event and that on days when play in water occurs, all daily exposure to water is derived from locations at the Site.
[6] - Assumes that on days when visitation to the Site occurs , all daily exposure to soil is derived from locations at the Site.
[7] - Based on surface area of face, hands, forearms, lower legs.
[8] - Based on weighted skin adherence factor for'sports-oudoom'.
[9] - Based on weighted skin adherence factor for'activities with soil'.
[10] - One -tenth of the value for swimming (21 ml/hour; Table 3-5 of USEPA (2011)) used to approximate incidental ingestion during wading.
[11] - Based on weighted average of mean values for 6- 16 years.
[12] - Based on surface area of hands, forearms, lower legs, and feet.
[13] - Ingestion of 50 milliliter per hour (.1/hour) of surface water should be used for exposures to water during swimming. Intake rates for exposure to surface water during wading should be 50 ml/hour for children 1-6 and 10 ml/hour for adolescents and adults.
The water ingestion rate in liters/day is calculated as follows: ingestion (ml/hr) x exposure time (hr/event)/1000 (ml/1).
[14] - Assumes contact with surface water and sediment in a seep area and/or on -site tributary one day per month for half a day (4 hours).
[15] - Based on surface area of hands and forearms.
[16] - Assumes that excvation work occurs a total of 12 work -weeks over the duration of a one year construction project and that contact with groundwater in a trench occurs for a portion of each excavation work -day.
[17] - Drinking water will be evaluated by comparison of groundwater and surface water data to drinking water criteria.
[18] - Value is the 95th percentile for Native American subsistence fishers (USEPA, 2000).
[19] - Value is the 95th percentile for recreational fishers (USEPA, 2000).
[20] - Value is the 95th percentile for Native American subsistence fishers ages 0 - 5 from same source used to derive 95th percentile for adult Native American subsistence fishers (EFH, Table 10-6).
[21] - Value is the average of mean ingestion rates for children of consuming recreational anglers ages 6 - 20 (EFH, Table 10-5).
Values are based on time -weighted average of child, adolescent, and adult exposure values, calculated as follows:
Soil
EF = (child EF x child ED) + (adolescent EF x adolescent ED)+ (adult EF x adult ED) / total scenario ED
IFSadj = (child ED x child IR / child BW)+ (adolescent ED x adolescent IR / adolescent BW) + (adult ED x adult IR / adult BW)
DFSadj = (child ED x child SA x child AF / child BW)+ (adolescdent ED x adolescent SA x adolescent AF / adolescent BW) + (adult ED x adult SA x adult AF / adult BW)
ET = (child ET x child ED) + (adolescent ET x adolescent ED)+ (adult ET x adult ED) / total scenario ED
Soil - mutagenic
IFSM = (child ED [0-2] x child IR [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2]) + (child ED [2-6] x child IR [2-6] x ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6])+ (older child ED [6-16] x older child IR [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older child BW [6-16])+ (adult ED x adult IR x adult ADAF / adult BW)
DFSM = (child ED [0-2] x child SA [0-2] x child AF [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2]) + (child ED [2-6] x child SA [2-6] x child AF [2-6] x ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6]) + (older child ED [6-16] x older child SA [6-16] x older child AF [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older child BW [6-16]) + (adult ED x adult SA x adult AF x adult ADAF / adu
INHF = [(child ET [0-2] x child EF [0-2] x child ED [0-2] x ADAF [0-2]) + (child ET [2-6] x child EF [2-6] x child ED [2-6] x ADAF [2-6]) + (older child ET [6-16] x older child EF [6-16] x older child ED [6-16] x ADAF [6-16]) + (adult ET x adult EF x adult ED x adult ADAF)]
Water
IFWadj = (child ED [0-2] x child EF [0-2] x child IR [0-2] / child BW [0-2]) + (child ED [2-6] x child EF [2-6] x child IR [2-6] / child BW [2-6])+ (older child ED [6-16] x older child EF [6-16] x older child IR [6-16] / older child BW [6-16]) + (adult ED x adult EF x adult IR / adult BW)
DFWadj = (child EF [0-2] x child ED [0-2] x child SA [0-2] x child EV [0-2] / child BW [0-2]) + (child EF [2-6] x child ED [2-6] x child SA [2-6] x child EV [2-6] / child BW [2-6]) + (older child EF [6-16] x older child ED [6-16] x older child SA [6-16] x older child EV [6-16] / alder child BW [6-16])+ (adult EF x adult ED x adult SA x a
Water - mutagenic
IFWM = (child ED [0-2] x child EF [0-2] x child IR [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2]) + (child ED [2-6] x child EF [2-6] x child IR [2-6] x ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6]) + (older child ED [6-16] x child EF [6-16] x older child IR [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older child BW [6-16]) + (adult ED x adult EF x adult IR x adult ADAF / adult BW)
DFWM = (child EF [0-2] x child ED [0-2] x child SA [0-2] x child EV [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2])+ (child EF [2-6] x child ED [2-6] x child SA [2-6] x child EV [2-6] x ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6]) + (older child EF [6-16] x older child ED [6-16] x older child SA [6-16] x older child EV [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older child BW [6-1E
(adult EF x adult ED x adult SA x adult EV x adult ADAF / adult BW)
USEPA guidance for early life exposure to carcinogens (USEPA, 2005) requires that risks for potentially carcinogenic constituents that are presumed to act by a mutagenic mode of action be calculated differently than for constituents that do not act via a mutagenic mode of action.
Therefore, the age -dependent adjustment factors (ADAF) will be applied for calculations involving children under the age of 16. The ADAFs are as follows:
Age 0 to 2 years (2 year interval from birth until 2nd birthday)—ADAF = 10
Ages 2 to 16 years (14 year interval from 2nd birthday to 16th birthday)—ADAF = 3
Ages 16 and up (after 16th birthday) — no adjustment - ADAF = 1
1/11/2016

TABLE 4-2
HUMAN HEALTH TOXICITY VALUES - CANCER AND INHALATiON NON -CANCER
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKE ENERGY
Constituent
CAS
Chronic
Inhalation
Reference
Concentration
RfC-i
mg/m3 REF
Subchronic
Inhalation
Reference
Concentration
RfC-i
mg/m3 REF
Oral
Cancer Slope
Factor
CSF-o
1/(mg/kg/day) REF
Dermal
Cancer Slope
Factor
CSF-d
1/(mg/kg/day) REF
Inhalation
Unit Risk
IUR
1/(Ng/m3) REF
Mutagen
Metals
Aluminum
7429-90-5
5.0E-03 P
5.0E-03 Cr
N
Antimony
7440-36-0
N
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.5E-05 C
1.5E-05 Cr
1.5E+00 I
1.5E+00 I
4.3E-03 I
N
Barium
7440-39-3
5.0E-04 H
5.0E-03 H
N
Beryllium
7440-41-7
2.0E-05 I
2.0E-05 H
2.4E-03 I
N
Boron
7440-42-8
2.0E-02 H
2.0E-02 H
N
Cadmium
7440-43-9
2.0E-05 C
2.0E-05 Cr
1.8E-03 I
N
Calcium
7440-70-2
N
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
N
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
1.0E-04 I
3.0E-04 A
8.4E-02 I
N
Chromium VI (hexavalent) (a)
18540-29-9
1.0E-04 I
3.0E-04 A
5.0E-01 J
8.4E-02 I
Y
Chromium III
16065-83-1
N
Cobalt
7440-48-4
6.0E-06 P
2.0E-05 P
9.0E-03 P
N
Copper
7440-50-8
N
Iron
7439-89-6
N
Lead
7439-92-1
N
Magnesium
7439-95-4
N
Manganese (b)
7439-96-5
5.0E-05 I
5.0E-05 Cr
N
Mercury
7439-97-6
3.0E-04 I
3.0E-04 H
N
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
N
Nickel
7440-02-0
9.0E-05 A
2.0E-04 A
2.4E-04 I
N
Potassium
7440-09-7
N
Selenium
7782-49-2
2.0E-02 C
2.0E-02 Cr
N
Sodium
7440-23-5
N
Strontium
7440-24-6
N
Thallium
7440-28-0
N
Titanium
7440-32-6
1.0E-04 A
N
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.0E-04 A
1.0E-04 A
N
Zinc
7440-66-6
N
General Chemistry
Alkalinity
ALK
N
Bicarbonate Alkalinity
ALKBICARB
N
Carbonate Alkalinity
ALKCARB
N
Chloride
7647-14-5
N
Methane
74-82-8
N
Nitrate
14797-55-8
N
pH
PH
N
Sulfate
7757-82-6
N
Sulfide
18496-25-8
N
Total Dissolved Solids
TDS
N
Total Organic Carbon
TOC
N
Total Suspended Solids
TSS
N
Notes:
A - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Minimum Risk Level (MRL)
C - California Environmental Protection Agency.
CAMA - Coal Ash Management Act 2014, North Carolina Session Law 2014-122.
Page 1 of 5
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
G:\42058_Duke\002\Work Plan\Tables\Tables for External Consultants\2016-0104-HAI-Toxicity Factors.xlsx, Inhalation and Cancer
1/11/2016

TABLE 4-2
HUMAN HEALTH TOXICITY VALUES - CANCER AND INHALATiON NON -CANCER
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKE ENERGY
Chronic
Subchronic
Inhalation
Inhalation
Reference
Reference
Oral
Dermal
Concentration
Concentration
Cancer Slope
Cancer Slope
Inhalation
RfC-i
RfC-i
Factor
Factor
Unit Risk
CSF-o
CSF-d
IUR
Constituent
CAS
mg/m3 REF
mg/m3 REF
1/(mg/kg/day) REF
1/(mg/kg/day) REF
1/(Ng/m3) REF
Mutagen
CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service
Cr - Chronic value.
EN - Essential Nutrient.
I - Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS).
H - Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables (HEAST).
J - New Jersey; as provided on the USEPA RSL table.
mg/kg-day - Milligrams per kilograms body weigl
Page 2 of 5
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
G:\42058_Duke\002\Work Plan\Tables\Tables for External Consultants\2016-0104-HAI-Toxicity Factors.xlsx, Inhalation and Cancer
1/11/2016

TABLE 4-3
HUMAN HEALTH ORAL NONCANCER TOXICITY VALUES
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKE ENERGY
Page 3 of 5
Constituent
CAS
Chronic Oral
Reference Dose
RfD-o
i
(mg/kg-day) REF
Chronic Dermal
Reference Dose
RfD-d
(mg/kg-day)
REF
USEPA
Confidence
Level
Combined
Uncertainty/
Modifying
Factors
Primary Target
Critical Endpoint
Subchronic Oral
Reference Dose
RfD-o
(mg/kg-day) REF
Subchronic
Dermal
Reference Dose
RfD-d
(mg/kg-day) REF
USEPA
Confidence
Level
Combined
Uncertainty/
Modifying
Factors
Primary Target
Critical Endpoint
Metals
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.0E+00 P
1.0E+00 P
Low
100
Neurological
Neurological Toxicity
1.0E+00
A
1.0E+00 A
NA
30
Neurological
Neurological Toxicity
Antimony
7440-36-0
4.0E-04 I
6.0E-05 I
Low
1000
Mortality, Blood
Longevity, blood glucose, and cholesterol
4.0E-04
P
6.0E-05 P
Low
1000
Mortality, Blood
Longevity, blood glucose, and cholesterol
Hyperpigmentation, keratosis and possible
Hyperpigmentation, keratosis and possible
Arsenic
7440-38-2
3.0E-04 I
3.0E-04 I
Medium
3
Skin, Vascular
vascular complications
3.0E-04
Cr
3.0E-04 Cr
Medium
3
Skin, Vascular
vascular complications
Barium
7440-39-3
2.0E-01 I
1.4E-02 I
Medium
300
Kidney
Nephropathy
2.0E-01
A
1.4E-02 A
Medium
300
Kidney
Nephropathy
Beryllium
7440-41-7
2.0E-03 I
1.4E-05 I
Low/Medium
300
Gastrointestinal
Small intestinal lesions
5.0E-03
H
5.0E-03 H
Low/Medium
300
Gastrointestinal
Small intestinal lesions
Boron
7440-42-8
2.0E-01 I
2.0E-01 I
High
66
Developmental
Decreased fetal weight (developmental)
2.0E-01
A
2.0E-01 A
High
66
Developmental
Decreased fetal weight (developmental)
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.0E-03 I
2.5E-05 I
High
10
Kidney
Significant proteinuria
1.0E-03
Cr
2.5E-05 Cr
High
10
Kidney
Significant proteinuria
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.5E+00 I
2.0E-02 I
Low
100
No effects observed
No effects observed
1.5E+00
H
2.0E-02 H
Low
100
No effects observed
No effects observed
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
3.0E-03 I
7.5E-05 I
Low
900
None reported
None reported
5.0E-03
A
1.3E-04 A
NA
100
Blood
Microcytic, hypochromic anemia
Chromium VI (hexavalent) (a)
18540-29-9
3.0E-03 I
7.5E-05 I
Low
900
None reported
None reported
5.0E-03
A
1.3E-04 A
NA
100
Blood
Microcytic, hypochromic anemia
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.5E+00 I
2.0E-02 I
Low
100
None
No effects observed
1.5E+00
H
2.0E-02 H
Low
100
None
No effects observed
Cobalt
7440-48-4
3.0E-04 P
3.0E-04 P
Low/Medium
3000
Thyroid
Decreased iodine uptake
3.0E-03
P
3.0E-03 P
Low/Medium
300
Thyroid
Decreased iodine uptake
Copper
7440-50-8
4.0E-02 H
4.0E-02 H
NA
NA
Gastrointestinal
Gastrointestinal system irritation
4.0E-02
Cr
4.0E-02 Cr
NA
NA
Gastrointestinal
Gastrointestinal system irritation
Iron
7439-89-6
7.0E-01 P
7.0E-01 P
NA
NA
Gastrointestinal
Gastrointestinal toxicity
7.0E-01
P
7.0E-01 P
NA
NA
Gastrointestinal
Gastrointestinal toxicity
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
CNS Effects (Other Effect: Impairment of
CNS Effects (Other Effect: Impairment of
Manganese (b)
7439-96-5
1.4E-01 I
5.6E-03 I
Medium
3
Neurological
Neurobehavioral Function)
1.4E-01
H
5.6E-03 H
Medium
3
Neurological
Neurobehavioral Function)
Mercury
7439-97-6
3.0E-04 1
2.1E-05 I
High
1000
Immune
Autoimmune
2.0E-03
A
1.4E-04 A
NA
100
Kidney
Renal effects
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
5.0E-03 I
5.0E-03 I
Medium
30
Urinary
Increased uric acid levels
5.0E-03
H
5.0E-03 H
Medium
30
Urinary
Increased uric acid levels
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.0E-02 I
8.0E-04 I
Medium
300
General
Decreased body and organ weights
2.0E-02
H
8.0E-04 H
Medium
300
Decreased body and organ weights
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
5.0E-03 I
5.0E-03 I
High
3
Skin, Nails, Hair,B
Clinical selenosis
5.0E-03
H
5.0E-03 H
High
3
Skin, Nails, Hair,B
Clinical selenosis
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
6.0E-01 I
6.0E-01 I
Medium
300
Musculoskeletal
Rachitic bone
2.0E+00
A
2.0E+00 A
NA
90
Musculoskeletal
Skeletal toxicity
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.0E-05 X
1.0E-05 X
3000
Hair
Hair follicle atrophy
1.0E-05
X
1.0E-05 X
3000
Hair
Hair follicle atrophy
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Hematological alterations and blood
Vanadium
7440-62-2
5.0E-03 I
1.3E-04 I
Low
100
Hair
Decreased hair cystine
1.0E-02
A
1.0E-02 A
NA
10
Blood
pressure
Decreases in erythrocyte Cu, Zn-superoxide
Decreases in erythrocyte Cu, Zn-superoxide
dismutase (ESOD) activity in
dismutase (ESOD) activity in
Zinc
7440-66-6
3.0E-01 I
3.0E-01 I
Medium/High
3
Blood
healthy adult male and female volunteers
3.0E-01
A
3.0E-01 A
NA
3
Blood
healthy adult male and female volunteers
General Chemistry
Alkalinity
ALK
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Bicarbonate Alkalinity
ALKBICARB
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Carbonate Alkalinity
ALKCARB
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Chloride
7647-14-5
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Methane
74-82-8
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Early clinical signs of methemoglobinemia in
Early clinical signs of methemoglobinemia in
excess of 10% (0-3 months old infants
excess of 10% (0-3 months old infants
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.6E+00 I
1.6E+00 I
High
1
Blood
formula)
1.6E+00
Cr
1.6E+00 Cr
High
1
Blood
formula)
pH
PH
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Sulfate
7757-82-6
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Total Dissolved Solids
TDS
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Total Organic Carbon
TOC
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Total Suspended Solids
TSS
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
G:\42058_Duke\002\Work Plan\Tables\Tables for External Consultants\2016-0104-HAI-Toxicity Factors.xlsx, Chronic Subch Oral Derm NC
1/11/2016

TABLE 4-3
HUMAN HEALTH ORAL NONCANCER TOXICITY VALUES
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKE ENERGY
Page 4 of 5
Subchronic
Chronic Oral
Chronic Dermal
Subchronic Oral
Dermal
Reference Dose
Reference Dose
Combined
Reference Dose
Reference Dose
Combined
RfD-o
RfD-d
USEPA
Uncertainty/
RfD-o
RfD-d
USEPA
Uncertainty/
Confidence
Modifying
Confidence
Modifying
Constituent
CAS
(mg/kg-day) REF
(mg/kg-day) REF
Level
Factors
Primary Target
Critical Endpoint
(mg/kg-day) REF
(mg/kg-day) REF
Level
Factors
Primary Target
Critical Endpoint
Notes:
A - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Minimum Risk Level (MRL)
C - California Environmental Protection Agency.
CAMA - Coal Ash Management Act 2014, North Carolina Session Law 2014-122.
CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service
Cr - Chronic value.
EN - Essential Nutrient.
I - Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS).
H - Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables (HEAST).
J - New Jersey; as provided on the USEPA RSL table.
mg/kg-day - Milligrams per kilograms body weight per day.
mg/m3 - Milligrams per cubic meter.
N - No.
P - Provisional Peer Reviewed Toxicity Value (PPRTV).
REF - Reference.
RSL - Risk -based Screening Level.
ug/m3 - Micrograms per cubic Meter.
USEPA - US Environmental Protection Agency.
X - Provisional Peer Reviewed Toxicity Value (PPRTV) Appendix.
Y - Yes.
(a) - The basis of the draft oral cancer toxicity value used in the calculation of the RSL has been questioned by USEPA's Science Advisory Board.
(b) - RfD for food used because manganese is expected to be present in a less bioavailable form in environmental media, particularly given the presence of iron which will reduce manganese absorption.
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
G:\42055_Duke\002\Work Plan\Tables\Tables for External Consultants\2016-0104-HAI-Toxicity Factors.xlsx, Chronic Subch Oral Derm NC
1 /11 /2016

Page 5 of 5
TABLE 4-4
DERMAL ABSORPTION FACTORS AND DERMAL PERMEABILITY CONSTANT;
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKE ENERGY
Constituent
CAS
Dermal Absorption
Fraction (ABSd)
(unitless)
Dermal Permeability
Constant
(Kp)
(cm/hr) (b)
Metals
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.0E-03
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.0E-03
Arsenic
7440-38-2
0.03
1.0E-03
Barium
7440-39-3
1.0E-03
Beryllium
7440-41-7
1.0E-03
Boron
7440-42-8
1.0E-03
Cadmium
7440-43-9
0.001
1.0E-03
Calcium
7440-70-2
1.0E-03
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.0E-03
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
0.1
2.0E-03
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.0E-03
Cobalt
7440-48-4
4.0E-04
Copper
7440-50-8
1.0E-03
Iron
7439-89-6
1.0E-03
Lead
7439-92-1
1.0E-04
Magnesium
7439-95-4
1.0E-03
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.0E-03
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.0E-03
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
1.0E-03
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.0E-04
Potassium
7440-09-7
2.0E-04
Selenium
7782-49-2
1.0E-03
Sodium
7440-23-5
6.0E-04
Strontium
7440-24-6
1.0E-03
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.0E-03
Titanium
7440-32-6
1.0E-03
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.0E-03
Zinc
7440-66-6
6.0E-04
General Chemistry
Alkalinity
ALK
NA
Bicarbonate Alkalinity
ALKBICARB
NA
Carbonate Alkalinity
ALKCARB
NA
Chloride
7647-14-5
NA
Methane
74-82-8
NA
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.0E-03
pH
PH
NA
Sulfate
7757-82-6
NA
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
Total Dissolved Solids
TDS
NA
Total Organic Carbon
TOG
NA
Total Suspended Solids
TSS
NA
Notes:
ABS - absorption factor.
CAMA - Coal Ash Management Act 2014.
(a) - USEPA, 2004. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund. Volume 1, Part E, Supplemental Guidance for Dermal
Risk Assessment. Exhibit 4-1. Where USEPA, 2004 does not recommend adjustments, no value is listed.
(b) - USEPA, 2004. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund. Volume 1, Part E, Supplemental Guidance for Dermal
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
G:\42058_Duke\002\Work Plan\Tables\Tables for External Consultants\2016-0104-HAI-Toxicity Factors.xlsx, Dermal values (2) 1 /11 /2016

TABLE 4-5
WATER TO FISH BIOCONCENTRATION FACTORS (BCFs) USED IN THE FOOD CHAIN MODEL'
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKE ENERGY
Analyte
Chemical Abstract
Number
Bioconcentration
Factor
Reference
Aluminum
7429-90-5
2.7
USEPA, 1999
Antimony
7440-36-0
40
USEPA, 1999
Arsenic
7440-38-2
114
USEPA, 1999
Barium
7440-39-3
633
USEPA, 1999
Beryllium
7440-41-7
62
USEPA, 1999
Boron
7440-42-8
0.3
WHO, 1998
Cadmium
7440-43-9
907
USEPA, 1999
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
19
USEPA, 1999
Cobalt
7440-48-4
400
IAEA, 2012
Copper
7440-50-8
710
USEPA, 1999
Cyanide
57-12-5
633
USEPA, 1999
Lead
7439-92-1
0.1
USEPA, 1999
Lithium
7439-93-2
1
NCRP, 1996
Manganese
7439-96-5
2.4
IAEA, 2012
Mercury
7439-97-6
4500
IAEA, 2012
Nickel
7440-02-0
71
USEPA, 1999
Selenium
7782-49-2
1000
OEHHA, 2010
Silver
7440-22-4
87.7
USEPA, 1999
Strontium
7440-24-6
30
USNRC, 1977
Thallium
7440-28-0
190
USEPA, 1999
Uranium
7440-61-1
2.4
IAEA, 2012
Vanadium
7440-62-2
290
IAEA, 2012
Zinc
7440-66-6
2059
USEPA, 1999
'The values are typically the maximum value cited in the Reference. If the maximum value was not chosen (based on
professional judgment), the value generally falls within the range cited in the scientific literature.

Page 1 of 1
Table 5-1
Exposure Parameters for Selected Ecological Receptors
Baseline Ecological Risk Assessment
Duke Energy
Receptor (a)
Body Weight
Food
Ingestion Rate
g
Water Intake
Dietary Composition
Home
Range
g
Area Use(`)
Factor
Seasonal(d)
Use Factor
Plants
Animal
Soil
Algorithm ID
BW
IRF
IRw
PF
AF
SF
HR
AUF
SUF
Units
kg
kg/kg BW/day
L/kg BW/day
%
%
%
hectares
%
%
HERBIVORE
Meadow Vole
0.033
0.33
0.330
100%
0.0%
2.4%
0.027
100%
100%
Muskrat
1.17
0.30
0.980
95%
5%
2.0%
0.13
100%
100%
OMNIVORE
Mallard Duck
1.16
0.60
0.057
90%
10%
3.3%
435
100%
100%
American Robin
0.08
1.20
0.140
50%
50%
5.0%
0.25
100%
100%
CARNIVORE
Red -Tailed Hawk
1.06
0.18
0.058
0%
100%
0%
876
100%
100%
Red Fox
4.54
0.10
0.085
4.6%
95%
2.8%
504
100%
100%
PISCIVORE
River Otter
7.36
0.19
0.081
0%
100%
0%
348
100%
T 100%
Great Blue Heron
2.34
0.18
0.045
0%
100%
0%
0.6
100%
1 100%
BW, body weight; IRF, Ingestion Rate (food); IRw, Ingestion Rate (water); PF, Fraction Plants; AF, Fraction Animal; SF, Fraction Soil/Sediment; HR, Home Range; AUF, Area Use
Factor; SUF, Seasonal Use Factor
(a)Most values cited were obtained from USEPA's Wildlife Exposure Factors Handbook (1993). Missing values were obtained from U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and
Preventive Medicine (2004) or USEPA's Hazardouse Waste Identification Rule document (USEPA, 1999).
(b)The amount of soil that is inadvertantly ingested during feeding is expressed a the percentage (by weight) of the total diet (Beyer, 1994).
(c)The Area Use Factor is the receptors foraging area at the Site divided by the animals total home range area (sometimes called foraging range). These factors change with
each receptor and operable unit, and are typically always unity (1) for small mammals and birds with small territories.
(d)Seasonal Use Factor (SUF) calculated by dividing residence time at the site (months) by 12 months/year.
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
G:\42058—Duke\002\Work Plan\Tables\2016-0105-HAI-BERA Risk Calcs-D3.xlsx 1/5/2016

Page 1 of 1
TABLE 5-2
AVIAN ECOLOGICAL TOXICITY REFERENCE VALUES (TRVs)
DUKE ENERGY
Constituent
CAS
Avian TRVs
NOAEL
(mg/kg/d)
LOAEL
(mg/kg/d)
Basis Value Ref.
Basis Value
Ref.
Aluminum
7429-90-5
Ringed Dove
110
[a, b]
Ringed Dove
1100
[b]
Antimony
7440-36-0
NA
NA
Arsenic
7440-38-2
Mallard Duck
9.3
a
Mallard Duck
40.3
a
Barium
7440-39-3
Chick (1 -day old
20.8
a, c
Chick (1 -day old
41.7
a, c
Beryllium
7440-41-7
NA
NA
Boron
7440-42-8
Mallard Duck
28.8
a, d
Mallard Duck
100
a, d
Cadmium
7440-43-9
Multiple Species
1.47
a
Chicken
2.37
a
Calcium
7440-70-2
EN
EN
Chromium Total
7440-47-3
Black Duck
1
d
Black Duck
5
d
Chromium, Hexavalent
18540-29-9
NA
NA
Chromium, Trivalent
16065-83-1
Chicken
2.66
a]
Black Duck
2.78
a
Cobalt
7440-48-4
Multiple Species
7.61
a]
Chicken
7.8
a
Copper
7440-50-8
Chicken
4.05
[a]
Chicken
12..1
a
Iron
7439-89-6
EN
EN
Lead
7439-92-1
Chicken
1.63
[a]
Chicken
3.26
a
Magnesium
7439-95-4
EN
EN
Manganese
7439-96-5
Multiple Species
179
a]
Chicken
348
a
Mercury
7439-97-6
Mallard Duck
0.068
a
Mallard Duck
0.37
a
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
Chicken
3.53
a, a
Chicken
35.3
a, e
Nickel
7440-02-0
Multiple S ecies
6.71
a
Chicken
11.5
a
Potassium
7440-09-7
EN
EN
Selenium
7782-49-2
Chicken
0.29
a
Chicken
0.579
a
Sodium
7440-23-5
EN
EN
Strontium
7440-24-6
NA
NA
Thallium
7440-28-0
NA
NA
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
Chicken
0.344
a
Chicken
0.688
a
Zinc
7440-66-6
Multiple Species
66.1
a
Chicken
66.5
a
Nitrate
14797-55-8
Notes:
CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service.
EN - Essential Nutrient.
LOAEL - Lowest Observable Adverse Effects Level.
mg/kg/d - milligram per kilogram body weight per day.
NA - Not Available.
NOAEL - No Observed Adverse Effects Level.
TRVs - Toxicity Reference Values.
[a] CH2M Hill. 2014. Tier 2 Risk -Based Soil Concentrations Protective of Ecological Receptors at the Hanford Site.
CHPRC-01311. Revision 2. July. hftp://pdw.hanford.gov/arpir/pdf.cfm?accession=0088115
[b] Sample et al. 1996. LOAEL derived from NOAEL.
[c] Sample et al. 1996. NOAEL and LOAEL derived from subchronic NOAEL and LOAEL, respectively.
[d] Sample et al. 1996.
[e] Sample et al. 1996. NOAEL derived from LOAEL.
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
2015-1116-HAI TRVs.xlsx, Avian 11/25/2015

Page 1 of 1
TABLE 5-3
MAMMAL ECOLOGICAL TOXICITY REFERENCE VALUES (TRVs)
DUKE ENERGY
Constituent
CAS
Mammalian TRVs
NOAEL
(mg/kg/d)
LOAEL
(mg/kg/d)
Basis Value Ref.
Basis Value
Ref.
Aluminum
7429-90-5
Mouse
1.93
[a, d]
Mouse
Rat
19.3
0.59
[a, d]
[a]
Antimony
7440-36-0
Rat 0.059 a]
Arsenic
7440-38-2
Dog
1.04
a]
Dog
1.66
[a]
Barium
7440-39-3
Rat
45
[a]
Rat
75
[a]
Beryllium
7440-41-7
Rat
0.532
a]
Rat
6.6
[b]
Boron
7440-42-8
Rat
28
a, c
Rat
93.6
a, c]
Cadmium
7440-43-9
Rat
1
a, cl
Rat
10
a, c
Calcium
7440-70-2
EN
EN
Chromium Total
7440-47-3
Rat
2740
b
Rat
27400
b
Chromium, Hexavalent
18540-29-9
Multiple Species
9.24
a
Rat
40.0
a
Chromium, Trivalent
16065-83-1
Multiple Species
2.4
a
Mouse
9.625
a
Cobalt
7440-48-4
Multiple Species
7.33
a
Rat
10.9
a
Copper
7440-50-8
Pig
5.6
a
Pig
9.34
a
Iron
7439-89-6
EN
EN
Lead
7439-92-1
Rat
4.7
a
Rat
8.9
a
Magnesium
7439-95-4
Manganese
7439-96-5
Multiple Species
51.5
a
Rat
71
a
Mercury
7439-97-6
Rat
0.032
a
Rat
0.16
a
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
Mouse
0.26
a, d
Mouse
2.6
a, d
Nickel
7440-02-0
Mouse
1.7
a
Mouse
3.4
a
Potassium
7440-09-7
EN
EN
Selenium
7782-49-2
Pig
0.143
a
Pig
0.215
a
Sodium
7440-23-5
EN
EN
Strontium
7440-24-6
Rat
263
a, b
Rat
2630
b
Thallium
7440-28-0
Rat
0.015
a
Rat
0.075
a
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
Mouse
4.16
a
Mouse
8.31
a
Zinc
7440-66-6
Multiple Species
75.4
a
Multiple Species
75.9
a
Nitrate
14797-55-8
Guinea Pi
507
c
Guinea Pi
1130
c
Notes:
CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service.
EN - Essential Nutrient.
LOAEL - Lowest Observable Adverse Effects Level.
mg/kg/d - milligram per kilogram body weight per day.
NA - Not Available.
NOAEL - No Observed Adverse Effects Level.
TRVs - Toxicity Reference Values.
[a] CH2M Hill. 2014. Tier 2 Risk -Based Soil Concentrations Protective of Ecological Receptors at the Hanford Site.
CHPRC-01311. Revision 2. July. hftp://pdw.hanford.gov/arpir/pdf.cfm?accession=0088115
[b] Sample et al. 1996. LOAEL derived from NOAEL.
[c] Sample et al. 1996.
[d] Sample et al. 1996. NOAEL derived from LOAEL.
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
2015-1116-HAI TRVs.xlsx, Mammal 11/25/2015

Human Health Site -Specific Risk Based Concentrations (RBCs)
Site -specific risk based concentrations (RBCs) are risk -based screening levels that are refined to account
for the receptor population characteristics and exposure pathways applicable to each of the receiving
media identified in the conceptual site model (CSM). As such, the site -specific RBCs are less
conservative, i.e., more realistic, than screening levels and are, therefore, useful for evaluating whether
constituents of potential concern (COPCs) may have the potential to pose health risks above risk
thresholds. For example, whereas surface water that is used as a recreational water body for swimming
is screened for COPCs using drinking water standards which assume that people are drinking and
bathing in the water daily, site -specific RBCs for surface water developed here reflect incidental
ingestion and dermal contact at an exposure rate and magnitude commensurate with swimming
activities.
This appendix provides documentation of the derivation of RBCs. Section 1 describes the exposure
scenarios that are used to develop the RBCs, Section 2 documents the toxicity values and other
chemical -specific inputs that are used to derive RBCs, and Section 3 provides the equations that are
used to derive the RBCs. RBCs for each exposure scenario, for each exposure medium are presented in
tables that accompany Section 4 of this appendix.
1. Human Health Exposure Scenarios
Exposure scenarios are used to quantitatively describe the COPC exposures that could theoretically
occur for each land use and exposure pathway evaluated. In 'forward' risk calculations that derive
estimates of cancer and non -cancer risk, the exposure scenarios are used in conjunction with exposure
point concentrations (EPCs) to derive quantitative estimates of COPC intake or exposure. In the
derivation of RBCs, the exposure scenarios are used in combination with target risks to derive COPC
concentrations that are protective for the exposure scenario at the target risk levels.
The ultimate goal of developing exposure scenarios, as defined in U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(USEPA) guidance, is to identify the combination of exposure parameters that results in the most intense
level of exposure that may "reasonably" be expected to occur under the current and future site
conditions (USEPA, 1989). As such, a single exposure scenario is often selected to provide a
conservative evaluation for the range of possible receptors and populations that could be exposed
under a given land use. Exposure scenarios use numerical parameters that include ingestion rates,
dermal contact areas, body weights, exposure times, exposure frequencies, and exposure durations.
The specific numerical values for each of these parameters are selected in consideration of the receptor
activities and ages that the exposure scenarios are modeling, and are generally selected as the upper -
end (generally 951" percentile) values for each quantitative parameter. Using receptor scenarios that are
protective for all potentially exposed populations associated with a given land use, with numerical
parameters that are generally based on the upper -end distributions, result in reasonable maximum
exposure (RME) scenarios.
1.1 EXPOSURE PARAMETERS
Exposure parameters are developed from USEPA Region 4 (USEPA, 2014b) and USEPA national guidance
(USEPA, 2002; 2011; 2014a). The exposure parameters used to quantify exposures for each of the
scenarios described in this section are provided in Table 1-1.

1.1.1 Exposure Durations
Exposure duration refers to the total amount of time in years that a receptor population is assumed to
be exposed to the media that are being evaluated. USEPA has established standard exposure durations
of 26 years for residential land use, 25 years for commercial/industrial land use, and 1 year for
construction work. These values are based on upper percentile values for the length of time that people
live at the same residence (26 years), and the length of time that people stay at the same place of
employment (25 years). The duration for construction work is based on an assumption that the earth
moving and excavation portions of a construction project would generally not continue for more than
one year.
For other receptor scenarios (e.g., trespasser), the exposure duration is based on the age range of the
receptor evaluated. For example, the exposure duration for a 6 through 16 year old is 10 years, based
on the premise that an individual begins the exposure activity at age 6 and continues to age 16.
1.1.2 Ingestion Rates
Ingestion rates quantify the amount of media that is ingested. All soil, surface water, and groundwater
ingestion rate values are USEPA default values as follows:
Soil:
200 mg/day for children ages 1 through 6
100 mg/day for the trespassing adolescent and commercial/industrial workers
330 mg/day for construction workers
Groundwater:
• 0.004 L/day for the construction worker
[Note that drinking water uses were evaluated by directly comparing groundwater or surface water
concentrations to drinking water criteria, where this is a complete exposure pathway. If groundwater
does not migrate to a private well, the groundwater drinking water pathway was not evaluated. ]
Surface water:
• 50 mL/hour (applies to swimming scenarios only), 50 mL/hour for children ages 1 through 6
• 10 ml/hour for adolescents and adults (wading scenarios)
[Note that drinking water uses were evaluated by directly comparing groundwater or surface water
concentrations to drinking water criteria, where this is a complete exposure pathway. If the adjacent
surface water body is not used as a source of drinking water, the surface water drinking water pathway
was not evaluated.]
Sediment
• 10 mg/day for children and adolescents
• 5 mg/day for adults
The soil ingestion rates are intended to represent total daily exposure to all sources of soil (i.e., soil
within a yard, playground, athletic field, as well as dust indoors). In accordance with Region 4 guidance
(USEPA, 2014b), only unsubmerged sediment is available for potential exposure. Unsubmerged
sediment is generally only present along water body shorelines. Activities involving potential exposure

to water bodies, such as wading, swimming, and boating, would not involve long durations of exposure
to shoreline sediments. Therefore, potential exposure to unsubmerged sediment would represent only
a small portion of total daily exposure to soil. To account for this, the sediment ingestion values
represent one -tenth the USEPA default soil ingestion rates.
It is important to recognize that the ingestion rates used for soil, sediment, surface water, and
groundwater are based on total ingestion of those media each day. In other words, the ingestion rate
for soil is based on incidental ingestion of soil from all sources throughout a day, including soil that is
translocated indoors as household dust. The assumption that receptors who access a site incur their
total daily ingestion of soil while at the site is likely to overestimate potential exposures, particularly for
non-residential land uses. In addition, summation of risks across multiple media, such as soil and
sediment, results in double -counting the daily soil ingestion rate, since each medium (i.e., soil and
sediment) is evaluated using the total ingestion rates shown above.
1.1.3 Dermal Contact Rates
Dermal contact rates quantify the amount of media that contacts the skin and is, therefore, a potential
source for absorption of COPCs through the skin. Soil and sediment dermal contact rates are based on
the skin surface area assumed to contact the soil or sediment, and the adherence of the soil or sediment
to the skin. Skin surface area and adherence factors for recreational, commercial/industrial, and
construction work scenarios are specified by USEPA (USEPA, 2014a; 2011; 2002). The surface area
values used to evaluate recreational visitor wading exposures to surface water and sediment were
calculated as the average of 50th percentile body surface areas, for the body parts assumed to be
exposed to surface water and sediment, for males and females within the age range evaluated. Body
surface area values are obtained from USEPA references (USEPA, 2011).
1.1.4 Body Weights
Body weights are specified by USEPA for children ages 1 through 6 (15 kg) and adults (80 kg). Body
weights for the adolescent (6-<16 years) age group were calculated using body weight data provided in
USEPA references (USEPA, 2011), as the average of 50th percentile weights for males and females within
the age range evaluated.
1.1.5 Exposure Times
The exposure time quantifies the amount of time that potential exposure to air or water occurs. The
exposure time parameter is used to quantify inhalation exposures, dermal exposures to water, and
incidental ingestion exposures to water (i.e., during swimming).
Exposure time parameters used in the RBC derivations are based on USEPA-recommended exposure
times for time spent indoors and time spent outdoors (used for residential and recreational exposures),
or site -specific exposure time is provided. Exposure time parameters for commercial/industrial worker
and construction worker scenarios are based on an assumed 8-hour work day (assuming four hours of
contact with surface water and sediment in a seep area and/or on -site tributary in the
commercial/industrial scenario, and four hours of contact with groundwater in a trench for the
construction worker).
Variables related to exposure time also include fraction ingested, fraction dermal, and event -day, which
describe the number of exposure events that are assumed to occur each day that exposure at the site
takes place. For all scenarios, these parameters were established at a value of 1.

1.1.6 Exposure Frequencies
Exposure frequency describes the number of days per year (or number of events per year) in which
exposure to a medium at a site occurs. Exposure frequency parameters are based on USEPA default
values for residential, trespasser, recreational, and construction worker scenarios. Exposure frequency
for the current/future on -site commercial worker is site -specific and assumes contact with site soil,
sediment, and surface water one day per month for 12 months.
Receptor scenarios are described below, and are summarized in the CSM in Figure 1-1. The exposure
parameters are provided in Table 1-1.
1.2 RECEPTORS
1.2.1 Current/Future Off -Site Resident
The drinking water pathway is only potentially complete for those residents who use groundwater or
surface water as a drinking water source. Drinking water uses were evaluated by directly comparing
groundwater or surface water concentrations to drinking water criteria, where this is a complete
exposure pathway.
1.2.2 Current/Future On -Site Trespasser
Trespassers may potentially contact soil remaining post -excavation directly via incidental ingestion and
dermal contact. Additionally, trespassers may inhale coal ash -derived particulates entrained in dusts.
Trespassers may also be exposed to seep water and seep soil via dermal contact, and to on -site surface
water and sediment (via incidental ingestion and dermal contact) at on -site surface water bodies. This
scenario assumes an adolescent trespasser (ages 6 to 16) trespasses on -site for 45 days per year (USEPA,
2014b), for two hours per day. Given that the on -site water bodies are located on Duke -owned
commercial -use properties where trespassers are the only potential off -site receptors, it is assumed that
only wading exposures could potentially occur at the on -site surface water bodies. Coal ash basins will
be de -watered in the future, thereby removing on -site water bodies as potential exposure media.
1.2.3 Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Swimmer
Recreational swimmers may contact coal ash -derived COPCs in surface water or in sediment (via
incidental ingestion and dermal contact) while swimming in off -site surface water bodies. This scenario
assumes that a child (ages 1to 6), adolescent (ages 6 to 16) and adult swim at nearby off -site surface
water bodies for 45 days per year (USEPA, 2014b), for two hours per day.
1.2.4 Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Wader
Recreational waders may contact coal ash -derived COPCs in off -site surface water bodies while wading
via dermal contact with surface water and incidental ingestion and dermal contact with sediment. This
scenario assumes that a child (ages 1 to 6), adolescent (ages 6 to 16), and adult wade at nearby off -site
surface water bodies for 45 days per year (USEPA, 2014b), for two hours per day. The principal
differences between the wading and swimming scenarios are that more body surface area is assumed to
contact surface water, and a greater incidental ingestion rate of surface water, is assumed to occur

during swimming activities. Potential contact with unsubmerged sediment is assumed to be the same
for both wading and swimming scenarios.
1.2.5 Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Boater
Recreational boaters may contact coal ash -derived COPCs in off -site surface water bodies while boating
via incidental ingestion with surface water and incidental ingestion and dermal contact with sediment.
This scenario assumes that an adult boater is present at nearby off -site surface water bodies for 45 days
per year (USEPA, 2014b), for two hours per day.
1.2.6 Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Fisher
Recreational fishers may contact coal ash -derived COPCs in off -site surface water bodies while wading
during fishing activities (via incidental ingestion with surface water and via incidental ingestion and
dermal contact for sediment). Recreational fishers may also contact coal ash -derived COPCs via fish
tissue ingestion. This scenario assumes that an adult fishes and wades at nearby off -site surface water
bodies for 45 days per year (USEPA, 2014b), for two hours per day. Children are not assumed to
accompany adults in angling activities. However, children (i.e., family members) were considered in the
selection of fish ingestion rates under the assumption that family members consume fish that is caught
by adults. Two fish ingestion rates are used to evaluate the range of potential exposures.
Subsistence Angling: North Carolina Division of Public Health Fish Tissue Screening Levels
(NCDWR, 2014) were developed based on a fish ingestion rate of 170 g/day, which represents
the 95th percentile value for Native American subsistence fishers (USEPA, 2000). The same
study used to support this value also derived a 95`" percentile fish ingestion rate for children
ages birth to 5 yrs of age of 98 g/day. These values are used to represent the most sensitive
receptor population for fish ingestion.
Recreational Angling: Based on the information provided in USEPA (2000), a recreational fish
ingestion rate of 17.5 g/day is used to represent the general recreational adult fisher population.
Recreational fish ingestion rate data on children and adolescents is limited. However, USEPA
(2011) cites average rates for consuming recreational anglers of 7.9 g/day for children ages 6 to
10 and 7.3 g/day for children ages 11 to 20. The average of these values (7.6 g/day) is used as
the fish ingestion rate for children ages 6 to 16.
1.2.7 Current/Future On -Site Commercial/Industrial Workers
On -site commercial/industrial workers may potentially contact coal ash -derived COPCs in post -
excavation soil directly via incidental ingestion and dermal contact. Additionally, commercial/industrial
workers may inhale coal ash -derived particulates entrained in dusts. Commercial/industrial workers
may also be exposed to seep water and seep soil via dermal contact, and to on -site surface water and
sediment (via incidental ingestion and dermal contact), in the case of on -site surface water bodies.
It is assumed that an on -site commercial/industrial worker would potentially be exposed to on -site soil
for 250 days per year and to sediment or surface water one day per month for twelve months of the
year, while doing maintenance and/or landscaping activities at the site. It is also assumed that the
worker would only contact site media for half of the day (four hours). USEPA default exposure factors
are used for the commercial/industrial worker, however it is assumed that the worker would contact
sediment and surface water on hands and forearms only.

1.2.8 Current/Future On -Site Construction Workers
The construction worker scenario is designed to evaluate conditions pre- or post -remedy. This
receptor is not intended to describe potential exposures to remediation workers. Construction
workers may potentially contact coal ash -derived COPCs in post -excavation soil directly via incidental
ingestion and dermal contact. Additionally, construction workers may inhale coal ash -derived
particulates entrained in dusts. Construction workers may also directly contact COPCs in
groundwater via incidental ingestion and dermal contact if groundwater is encountered during
excavation.
The construction worker scenario is evaluated to characterize risks associated with high intensity, short
duration exposures to soil. Construction workers are not expected to be exposed to surface water or
sediment. Exposures are characterized using USEPA national standardized parameters for construction
worker scenarios, which allow for use of a site -specific exposure frequency. An exposure frequency of
60 days per year is used to accommodate the assumption that a large-scale development project would
involve soil excavation activities over a total of 12 weeks in a one-year take up to a year to complete. It
is assumed that contact with groundwater would occur for 20% of the total exposure frequency and
time (50 days and 1.6 hours per day).
2. Chemical -Specific Inputs
2.1 Toxicity Values
The toxicity values used to derive the RBCs were obtained from USEPA-approved sources of toxicity
values, following USEPA's guidance regarding the hierarchy of sources of human health dose -response
values in risk assessment (USEPA, 2003), as updated (USEPA, 2013). The sources include:
• USEPA Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) JUSEPA, 2015bl;
• National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) provisional peer reviewed toxicity values
(PPRTVs) (USEPA, 2014c),
• California Environmental Protection Agency (CALEPA) toxicity values (CALEPA, 2011 and 2014),
and
• Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR's) Minimal Risk Levels (MRLs) (ATSDR,
2014).
Toxicity values, including cancer slope factors (CSFs), inhalation unit risk values (IURs), and inhalation
reference concentrations (RfCs) are provided in Table 2-1. Chronic and sub -chronic oral reference doses
(RfDs), including target organs, are provided in Table 2-2. Chronic toxicity values were used to derive
RBCs for all scenarios except the construction worker. Sub -chronic RfD and RfC values, when available,
are used to derive RBCs for the construction worker exposure scenario. Dermal CSF and RfD values were
derived using oral absorption factors in accordance with USEPA guidance (USEPA, 2004).
2.2 Mutagenic Mode of Action
USEPA guidance for early life exposure to carcinogens (USEPA, 2005) requires that risks for potentially
carcinogenic constituents that are presumed to act by a mutagenic mode of action be calculated
differently than for constituents that do not act via a mutagenic mode of action. Of the constituents on

Table 2-1, only hexavalent chromium, based on a draft evaluation, is considered to act by a mutagenic
mode of action. Therefore, the age -dependent adjustment factors (ADAF) are applied in the oral and
inhalation intake calculations involving children under the age of 16. The ADAFs are as follows:
Age 0 to 2 years (2 year interval from birth until 2nd birthday) — ADAF = 10
Ages 2 to 16 years (14 year interval from 2nd birthday to 16th birthday) — ADAF = 3
Ages 16 and up (after 16th birthday) — no adjustment - ADAF = 1
Where a receptor group addressed in the exposure assessment spans one or more of these categories,
the highest (most conservative) ADAF is used.
2.3 Dermal Absorption Factors
Dermal absorption factors were obtained from USEPA guidance (USEPA, 2004). The dermal absorption
factors (ABScl) for COPCs in soil and sediment accounts for lower absorption through the skin. USEPA
(2004) provides constituent -specific dermal absorption fractions for a limited number of COPCs.
Table 2-3 shows the dermal absorption factors.
The estimation of exposure dose resulting from incidental dermal contact with groundwater or surface
water requires the use of a dermal permeability constant (Kp) in units of centimeters per hour (cm/hr).
The Kp values are derived from EPA (2004) Exhibit 3-1. Table 2-3 shows the dermal permeability
constants.
2.4 Oral Absorption Factors
USEPA has determined that the bioavailable fraction of arsenic in soil and sediment typically does not
exceed 60%, and because the arsenic toxicity values are based on a highly absorbable form (dissolved in
water), EPA has therefore published a default relative oral absorption fraction (ABSing) of 0.6 for arsenic
in soils relative to arsenic in water, which is the basis of exposure for the toxicity value (USEPA, 2012a).
This value will be used to derive RBCs for soil and sediment. No relative bioavailability adjustments
were for all other COPCs for soil, sediment, and water.
2.5 Lead
RBCs for lead are derived using biokinetic models. USEPA has developed risk -based screening levels
(RSLs) for lead in soil using biokinetic models; the RSLs have been derived by USEPA for a standard
residential and a standard commercial exposure scenario (USEPA, 2015a). Rather than derive site -
specific RBCs for lead in this appendix, the USEPA RSLs are used as RBCs. The residential soil RSL for lead
of 400 mg/kg was used as the soil/sediment RBC for exposure scenarios which incorporate children: the
on -site trespasser, off -site swimmer, and off -site wader. The commercial/industrial RSL of 800 mg/kg
was used for exposure scenarios which are limited to adults: the off -site boater, off -site recreational
fisher, on -site commercial/industrial worker, and on -site construction worker.
USEPA has also developed an action level of 15 ug/L for lead in drinking water (USEPA, 2012b). For
surface water and groundwater, the lead action level was used as the RBC for all receptor scenarios.
For sites in which lead EPCs exceed these screening levels, biokinetic models will be used with site -
specific EPCs to derive estimates of blood lead concentrations. The estimated blood lead concentrations

will be compared to USEPA blood lead thresholds to describe risks associated with potential exposures
to lead.
3. RBC Equations
The RBCs are calculated using the equations in the following sections. The lower of the site -specific
RBCs developed based on potential cancer and noncancer effects for the applicable age group is used as
the selected site -specific RBC. The RBCs are calculated using a target ELCR of 1x10-4 (one in ten
thousand) and a target HI value of 1, which corresponds to levels of exposure that people (including
sensitive individuals such as children) could experience without expected adverse effects. The target
ELCR is within the target risk range of one in one million to one in ten thousand (USEPA, 1991) and is
consistent with the target risk level used for the derivation of the North Carolina fish tissue screening
levels (NCDWR, 2014). As noted in Section 2, only one constituent, arsenic, is identified by USEPA as a
carcinogen by the oral route of exposure; hexavalent chromium has been proposed by USEPA to be
classified as an oral carcinogen but that review process is not yet completed. Nonetheless, USEPA does
use an oral cancer toxicity value derived by the State of New Jersey in its Risk -based Screening Levels
(RSL) tables (USEPA, 2015a).
Parameter definitions and units are also provided below and receptor -specific exposure parameter
values are provided in Table 1-1.
3.1 Calculation of RBCs for Sediment and Soil
Incidental ingestion and dermal contact with sediment is assumed to potentially occur for off -site
recreational receptors (swimmer, wader, boater, and fisher). Incidental ingestion and dermal contact
with soil and inhalation of particulates from soil is assumed to potentially occur for on -site receptors
(trespasser, commercial/industrial worker, and construction worker). The following equations will be
used to calculate RBCs if COPCs are identified in sediment or soil for any of the off -site recreational
receptors or the on -site receptors. Parameter definitions and units are also provided below and
receptor -specific exposure parameter values are provided in Table 1-1.
3.1.1 Noncarcinogenic Soil/Sediment RBCs
RBC for Incidental Ingestion of Soil/Sediment - Noncarcinogenic:
RBCsoil/sednc (mg/kg) _
THQ x ATnc x BW
EF x ED x Rfno x IR x ABSing x CF
RBC for Dermal Contact with Soil/Sediment— Noncarcinogenic:
THQ xATnc x BW
RBCsoil/sednc (mg/kg) — EF x ED x 1 RfDd x SA x AF x ABSd x CF
RBC for Inhalation of Particulates from Soil— Noncarcinogenic:
_ THQ x ATnc
RBCsoilnc (mg/kg) — EF x ED x ET x 1 x ( 1 )
RfC FEF

Total
i
RBCsednc (mg/kg) = 1 1
Ingestion RBCsednc + Dermal RBCsednc
1
RBCsoilnc (mg/kg) = 1 1 1
Ingestion RBCsoilnc + Dermal RBCsoilnc+Inhalation RBCsoilnc
3.1.2 Carcinogenic Soil/Sediment RBCs
RBC for Incidental Ingestion of Soil/Sediment - Carcinogenic:
RBCsoil/sednc (mg/kg) _
TRxATc xBW
CSFo x ABSing x ED x EF x IR
For receptors that include more than one age group (e.g., recreational visitors), BW, ED, and IR
are replaced by IFSodj, where:
IFSadi (mg-yr/kg-day) = Age group 1 BW ED x [R +Age group 2 BW ED x IR +Age group 3 ED x IR
BW
RBC for Dermal Contact with Soil/Sediment— Carcinogenic:
_ TRxATcxBW
RBCsoil/sednc (mg/kg) — CSFd x EF x SA x AF x ABSd x CF
For receptors that include more than one age group (e.g., recreational visitors), BW, ED, AF, and
SA are replaced by DFScdj where:
DFSadi (mg-yr/kg-day) = Age group 1 BW EDxSAxAF + Age group 2 BW EDxSAxAF + Age group 3
EDxSAxAF
BW
RBC for Inhalation of Particulates from Soil— Carcinogenic:
Total
RBC (mg/kg) = TR x ATc
soilc EF x ED x ET x IUR x �PEF�
i
RBCsednc= 1 1
Ingestion RBCsedc +Dermal RBCsedc
1
RBCsoilc (mg/kg) = 1 1 1
Ingestion RBCsoilc + Dermal RBCsoilc + Inhalation RBCsoilc
Parameter
Definition (units)
ABSd
Dermal Absorption Fraction (compound -specific) (unitless)
ABSing
Oral Absorption Fraction (compound -specific) (unitless)
AF
Soil/Sediment Adherence Factor (mg/cmz)
ATc
Averaging time - Carcinogenic (days)
ATnc
Averaging time - noncarcinogenic (days)
BW
Body weight (kg)

Parameter
Definition (units)
CF
Conversion factor (106 kg/mg)
CSFd
Dermal Cancer Slope Factor (mg/kg-day)-1
CSFo
Oral Cancer Slope Factor (mg/kg-day)-1
DFSadj
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor (mg-yr/kg-day)
ED
Exposure duration (years)
EF
Exposure frequency (days/year)
ET
Exposure Time (hours/event)
IFSadj
Age -Adjusted Soil/Sediment Ingestion Rate (mg-yr/kg-day)
IR
Soil/Sediment Ingestion Rate (mg/day)
IUR
Inhalation Unit Risk (ug/m3)-1
PEF
Particulate Emission Factor (m3/kg)
RBCsoil/sedc
Soil/Sediment RBC - Carcinogenic
RBCsoil/sednc
Soil/Sediment RBC - Noncarcinogenic
RfDd
Dermal Reference Dose (mg/kg-day)
RfDo
Oral Reference Dose (mg/kg-day)
SA
Exposed Skin Surface Area (cmz)
THQ
Target Hazard Quotient
TR
Target Risk
The soil and sediment RBC calculations for each scenario are summarized in Section 4. Derivation of the
PEF value is based on the climactic zone for Raleigh, NC, and an assumed 30-acre site with 50%
vegetative cover. To facilitate transparency of the RBC calculations, the equations above were broken
into two steps: Step 1 derives an intake associated with a nominal media COPC concentration of'1
mg/kg' and Step 2 incorporates the intake with the toxicity value and target risk to derive the RBC. This
is shown in the equations and associated calculations which document the RBC derivation (Section 4).
3.2 Calculation of RBCs for Groundwater, Surface Water, and Seep Water
Incidental ingestion and dermal contact with groundwater is assumed to potentially occur for the on -site
construction worker if groundwater is encountered at the construction trench. Incidental ingestion and
dermal contact with surface water is assumed to potentially occur for both off -site recreational
swimmer and wader receptors and on -site receptors (trespasser, commercial/industrial worker, and
construction worker) if on -site and off -site surface water bodies are present. Off -site boater and fisher
receptors are assumed to contact surface water through incidental ingestion only. The following
equations will be used to calculate RBCs if COPCs are identified in groundwater or surface water.
Parameter definitions and units are also provided below and receptor -specific exposure parameter
values are provided in Table 1-1. The surface water RBCs derived for the trespasser and commercial
worker scenarios will be used to evaluate seep water, under the conservative assumption that seep
water is representative of surface water quality for water bodies into which seep water migrates.
3.2.1 Noncarcinogenic Groundwater/Surface Water RBCs
RBC for Incidental Ingestion of Groundwater/Surface Water - Noncarcinogenic:
( g/) _ THQxATncxBWxCF
RBCGW/SWnc U EF x ED x 7 x IR x ABS1ng x FI

RBC for Dermal Contact with Inorganics in Groundwater/Surface Water — Noncarcinogenic:
Total
DAevent x (1000 cm3/L)
RBCGw/swnc (Ug/L) = KP x t—event
Where DAevent for inorganics =
Z THQ x ATnc x CF x BW
DAevent (ug/cm -event) = (( 1
\RfDd)xEVxEDxEFxSA
RBCGw/swnc 1 (Ug/L) = t t
+
Ingestion RBCswnc Dermal RBCswnc
3.2.2 Carcinogenic Groundwater/Surface Water RBCs
RBC for Incidental Ingestion Groundwater/Surface Water - Carcinogenic:
TRxATcxCFxBW
RBCGw/swc (Ug/L) = CSFo x IR x EF x ED x ABSing
For receptors that include more than one age group (e.g., recreational visitors), BW, ED, EF, and
IR are replaced by IFWpd/, where:
ED x EF x IR ED x EF x IR ED x EF x IR
IFWadi (L/kg) =Age group 1 BW +Age group 2 BW +Age group 3 BW
RBC for Dermal Contact with Groundwater/Surface Water — Carcinogenic:
Total
DAevent x (1000 cm3/L)
RBCGw/swc (Ug/L) = Kp x t—event
Where DAevent for inorganics =
DAevent (ug/cm2-event) _ TR x ATnc x CF x BW
CSFdxEVxEDxEFxSA
For receptors that include more than one age group (e.g., recreational visitors), BW, ED, EV EF,
and SA are replaced by DFWWd/ where:
DFW events-cm2 k Age group 1 Ev x ED x EF x sA + Age group 2 Ev x ED x EF x sA + Age group
add ( / g) = g g p BW g g p BW g g p
3 EVxEDxEFxSA
BW
1
RBCGw/swc (ug/L)
Ingestion RBCswc + Dermal RBCswc

Parameter
Definition (units)
ABSing
Oral Absorption Fraction (compound -specific) (unitless)
ATc
Averaging time - Carcinogenic (days)
ATnc
Averaging time - noncarcinogenic (days)
BW
Body weight (kg)
CF
Conversion factor (1000 ug/mg)
CSFd
Dermal Cancer Slope Factor (mg/kg-day)-1
CSFo
Oral Cancer Slope Factor (mg/kg-day)-1
DAevent
Absorbed dose per event (µg/cm2 - event)
DFWadj
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor (events-cm2/kg)
ED
Exposure duration (years)
EF
Exposure frequency (days)
ET
Exposure Time (hours)
FI
Fraction Ingested (unitless)
t-event
Exposure Time (dermal contact; hours)
IFWadj
Age -Adjusted Ingestion Factor (L/kg)
EV
Event time (events/day)
IR
Ingestion Rate (L/day)
Kp
Dermal Permeability Constant (cm/hour)
PC
Permeability Constant (cm/hr)
RBCgw/swc
Groundwater/Surface Water RBC—Carcinogenic (ug/L)
RBCgw/swnc
Groundwater/Surface Water RBC— Noncarcinogenic (ug/L)
RfDd
Dermal Reference Dose (mg/kg-day)
RfDo
Oral Reference Dose (mg/kg-day)
THQ
Target Hazard Quotient
TR
Target Risk
The surface water and groundwater RBC calculations for each scenario are summarized in Section 4. To
facilitate transparency of the RBC calculations, the equations above were broken into two steps: Step 1
derives an intake associated with a nominal media concentration of'1 ug/L' and Step 2 incorporates the
intake with the toxicity value and target risk to derive the RBC. This is shown in the equations and
associated calculations which document the RBC derivation (Section 4).
Calculation of RBCs for Fish Ingestion
Fish ingestion RBCs were derived as both tissue RBCs and surface water RBCs. The tissue RBCs are
expressed as mg/kg COPC wet weight concentrations in fish tissue. These values can be compared to
measured fish tissue concentrations (in wet weight). Surface water RBCs were derived using
bioconcentration factors (BCFs) that relate surface water COPC concentration to fish tissue
concentration. Surface water RBCs protective for consumption of fish were derived by dividing the fish
tissue RBCs by the BCF. BCFs are provided in Table 2-4.
RBC for Ingestion of Fish Tissue - Noncarcinogenic:
_ THQxATncxBW
RBCfishnc (mg/kg) - EF x ED x 1 x IR x ABSing x CF
RfDo

RBC for Ingestion of Fish Tissue - Carcinogenic:
RBCf; he (mg/kg) _
TR x ATc
CSFo x ABSing x EF x ED x IR x CF
Parameter
Definition (units)
ABSing
Gastrointestinal Absorption Factor (unitless)
ATc
Averaging time - Carcinogenic (days)
ATnc
Averaging time - noncarcinogenic (days)
BW
Body weight (kg)
CF
Conversion factor (103 kg/g)
CSFo
Oral Cancer Slope Factor (mg/kg-day)-1
ED
Exposure duration (years)
EF
Exposure frequency (days/year)
IR
Fish Ingestion Rate (g/day)
RBCfishc
Fish Tissue RBC - Carcinogenic
RBCfishnc
Fish Tissue RBC - Noncarcinogenic
RfDo
Oral Reference Dose (mg/kg-day)
THQ
Target Hazard Quotient
TR
Target Risk
3.2 Calculation of RBCs for Hexavalent Chromium
As described in Section 2.2, hexavalent chromium is evaluated as a carcinogen by the inhalation route
that acts through a mutagenic mode of action based on a draft USEPA assessment. In accordance with
USEPA guidance, ADAFs are applied to the intake algorithms to account for increased early life
susceptibility (USEPA, 2008). For scenarios which involve children under the age of 16, separate RBC
calculations are provided for hexavalent chromium. To accommodate the assignment of ADAF values to
specific age ranges, the young child (age 0 to 6) scenario was broken into 0 to 2 and 2 to 6 year age
groups. Exposure parameters for the 0 to 6 year age group (Table 1-1) were assigned to both the 0 to 2
and 2 to 6 year ages.
Cancer -based RBCs are derived using the same equations provided in subsection 3.1 and 3.2., however,
the age -adjusted intake factors are adjusted to include four age groups and the ADAFs, as follows:
IFSM is used in place of IFSadj, and is derived as:
IFSM = {(child ED [0-2] x child IR [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2]} + {(child ED [2-6] x child IR [2-6] x
ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6]} + {(older child ED [6-16] x older child IR [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older child
BW [6-16]1 + {(adult ED x adult IR x adult ADAF / adult BW)}
DFSM is used in place of DFSadj, and is derived as:
DFSM = {(child ED [0-2] x child SA [0-2] x child AF [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2]1 + {(child ED [2-6] x
child SA [2-6] x child AF [2-6] x ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6]) + {(older child ED [6-16] x older child SA [6-
16] x older child AF [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older child BW [6-16]1 + {(adult ED x adult SA x adult AF x adult
ADAF / adult BW)}
IFWM is used in place of IFWadj, and is derived as:

IFWM = {(child ED [0-2] x child EF [0-2] x child IR [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2]} + {(child ED [2-6] x
child EF [2-6] x child IR [2-6] x ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6]} + {(older child ED [6-16] x child EF [6-16] x
older child IR [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older child BW [6-16]} + {(adult ED x adult EF x adult IR x adult ADAF
/ adult BW)}
DFWM is used in place of DFWadj, and is derived as:
DFWM = {(child EF [0-2] x child ED [0-2] x child SA [0-2] x child EV [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2]1 +
{(child EF [2-6] x child ED [2-6] x child SA [2-6] x child EV [2-6] x ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6]1 + ((older
child EF [6-16] x older child ED [6-16] x older child SA [6-16] x older child EV [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older
child BW [6-16])} + {(adult EF x adult ED x adult SA x adult EV x adult ADAF / adult BW)}
4. Summary of RM
Calculations of the RBCs for each receptor scenario are provided in attachments to this appendix and are
summarized in Tables 4-1 through 4-17, as follows:
• Current/Future On -Site Trespasser
o Soil: Table 4-1 and Attachment A
o Sediment: Table 4-2 and Attachment B
o Surface Water: Table 4-3 and Attachment C
• Current/Future On -Site Commercial/Industrial Worker
o Soil: Table 4-4 and Attachment D
o Sediment: Table 4-5 and Attachment E
o Seep Water: Table 4-6 and Attachment F
• Future On -Site Construction Worker
o Soil: Table 4-7 and Attachment G
o Groundwater: Table 4-8 and Attachment H
• Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Swimmer
o Sediment: Table 4-9 and Attachment I
o Surface Water: Table 4-10 and Attachment H
• Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Wader
o Sediment: Table 4-11 and Attachment J
o Surface Water: Table 4-12 and Attachment K
• Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Boater
o Sediment: Table 4-13 and Attachment L
o Surface Water: Table 4-14 and Attachment M
• Current/Future Off -Site Fisher
o Sediment: Table 4-15 and Attachment N
o Surface Water: Table 4-16 and Attachment 0
o Recreational Fish Tissue / Surface Water: Table 4-17 and Attachment P
o Subsistence Fish Tissue / Surface Water: Table 4-18 and Attachment Q
Within each attachment cited above, three tables are provided which document:

1) The RBC algorithms and receptor -specific parameters used;
2) The chemical -specific parameters and derivation of cancer -based RBCs
3) The chemical -specific parameters and derivation of non -cancer based RBCs
As discussed in section 2.5, RBCs were not calculated for lead. The residential soil RSL for lead of 400
mg/kg was used as the soil/sediment RBC for the on -site trespasser, off -site swimmer, and off -site
wader. The commercial/industrial RSL of 800 mg/kg was used for the off -site boater, off -site
recreational fisher, on -site commercial/industrial worker, and on -site construction worker. For surface
water and groundwater, the lead action level of 15 ug/L was used as the RBC for all receptor scenarios.
S. References
1. ATSDR. 2014. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Minimal Risk Levels,
updated October 2015. Available at: http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/mrls/mrllist.asp
2. CALEPA. 2011. California Environmental Protection Agency, Cancer Slope Factors, December 2011.
Available at: http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/chemicaldb/index.asp
3. CALEPA. 2014. California Environmental Protection Agency, Reference Exposure Levels, June 2014.
Available at: http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/chemicaldb/index.asp
4. NCDWR. 2014. North Carolina Division of Water Resources Baseline Assessment of Fish Tissue
Metal in the Dan River Following the Eden Coal Ash Spill. Available at:
http://Portal.ncdenr.org/c/document library/get file?uuid=7f2740ed-5495-4933-aa8b-
5127bf813c8d&groupld=38364
5. USEPA. 1989. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Volume 1: Human Health Evaluation
Manual, Part A. EPA/540/1-89/002. Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, Washington, DC.
December.
6. USEPA. 1991. Role of the Baseline Risk Assessment in Superfund Remedy Selection Decisions.
OSWER Directive #9355.0-30. April.
7. USEPA. 2000. Guidance for Assessing Chemical Contaminant Data for Use in Fish Advisories.
Volume 1, Fish Sampling and Analysis, Third Edition. EPA 823-B-00-007. USEPA Office of Water.
2000.
8. USEPA. 2002. Supplemental Guidance for Developing Soil Screening Levels for Superfund Sites
OWSWER 9355.4-24
9. USEPA. 2003. Human Health Toxicity Values in Superfund Risk Assessments. Office of Superfund
Remediation and Technology Innovation. OSWER Directive 9285.7-53. December 5, 2003.
10. USEPA. 2004. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Risk Assessment Guidance for
Superfund, Volume 1, Human Health Evaluation Manual (Part E, Supplemental Guidance for Dermal
Risk Assessment, Interim), Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, EPA/540/R/99/005.
11. USEPA. 2005. Supplemental Guidance from Early -Life Exposure to Carcinogens. EPA/630/R-
03/003F. 2005.

12. USEPA, 2008. Handbook for Implementing Supplemental Cancer Guidance at Waste and Cleanup
Sites. Office of Emergency and Remedial Response.
13. USEPA. 2011. Exposure Factors Handbook: 2011 Edition. EPA/600/R-09/052F. Office of Research
and Development, Washington, DC. September.
14. USEPA. 2012a. Compilation and Review of Data on Relative Bioavailability of Arsenic in Soil.
OSWER No. 9200.1-113; December.
15. USEPA. 2012b. USEPA 2012 Edition of the Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories, Spring
2012. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Available at:
http://water.epa.gov/drink/contaminants/index.cfm
16. USEPA. 2014a. Human Health Evaluation Manual, Supplemental Guidance: Update of Standard
Default Exposure Factors. OSWER 9200.1-120. February 6, 2011.
17. USEPA. 2014b. Region 4 Human Health Risk Assessment Supplemental Guidance. January 2014.
Draft Final.
18. USEPA. 2014c. Provisional Peer Reviewed Reference Toxicity Values (PPRTVs). November 2014.
http://hhpprtv.ornl.gov/
19. USEPA. 2015a. USEPA Risk -Based Screening Levels. June 2015. Available at:
http://www2.epa.gov/risk/risk-based-screening-table-generic-tables
20. USEPA. 2015b. Integrated Risk Information System. http://www2.epa.gov/iris

Tables

Page 1 of 5
TABLE 1-1
HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE PARAMETERS
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKEENERGY
Current/Future On -Site
Current/Future Off -Site Resident
Trespasser
Current/Future
Off -Site Recreational Swimmer
Child (Age <6)
Adult
Child and Adult (Ages
1.26)
Adolescent(6-<16
years)
Child (Age <6 )
Adolescent(6-<16
years)
Adult
Child, Adolescent
and Adult (Ages 1 -
26)
Parameter
Units
Standard Parameters
Body Weight
BW
kg
15 USEPA,
80
USEPA,
NA
44
USEPA, 2011
15
USEPA,
44
USEPA,
80
USEPA,
NA
2014a
2014a
[7]
2011 [1]
2011 [1]
2014a
Exposure Duration
ED
years
6 Ages <6
20
Balance of
26
USEPA,
10
Ages 6 - <16
6
Ages <6
10
Ages 6 - <16
10
Balance of
26
Site-
26-yr
2014a
26-yr
specific
exposure
I
exposure
Non —carcinogenic Averaging Time
Atnc
days
2190 ED
7300
ED
9490
ED
3650
ED expressed
2190
ED
3650
ED
3650
ED
9490
ED
expressed in
expressed
expressed
in days
expressed in
expressed in
expressed in
expressed
days
in days
in days
days
days
days
in days
Carcinogenic Averaging Time
Atc
days
25550 70 year
25550 70 year
25550 70 year
25550
70 year
25550 70 year
25550 70 year
25550 70 year
25550
70 year
lifetime
lifetime
lifetime
lifetime
lifetime
lifetime
lifetime
lifetime
Incidental Ingestion of Soil
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
NA
NA
NA
45
USEPA,
NA
NA
NA
NA
2014b
Soil Ingestion Rate
IR
mg/day
NA
NA
NA
100
USEPA, 2011
NA
NA
NA
NA
[4]
Fraction Ingested
FI
unitless
NA
NA
NA
1.0
Site -specific
NA
NA
NA
NA
[6]
Age -Adjusted Soil Ingestion Rate
IFSadj
mg-yr/kg-day
NA
NA
NA
23
NA
NA
NA
NA
Age -Adjusted Soil Ingestion Factor-
IFSM
mg-yr/kg-day
68
Mutagenic
Dermal Exposure with Soil
Exposed Skin Surface Area
SA
cm2
NA
NA
NA
3160
USEPA, 2011
NA
NA
NA
NA
[7]
Soil Adherence Factor
AF
rmg/cm'
NA
NA
NA
0.10
USEPA, 2011
NA
NA
NA
NA
[s1
Fraction Dermal
EV
event/day
NA
NA
NA
1.0
Site -specific
NA
NA
NA
NA
[6]
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor
DFSadj
mg-yr/kg-day
NA
NA
NA
72
NA
NA
NA
NA
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor-
DFSM
215
mg-yr/kg-day
Mutagenic
Particulate Inhalation
Exposure Time
ETA
hours/day
NA
NA
NA
2
Site -specific
NA
NA
NA
NA
2]
Incidental Ingestion of Sediment
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
NA
NA
NA
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
2014b
2014b
2014b
2014b
2014b
Sediment Ingestion Rate
IR
mg/day
NA
NA
NA
10
USEPA, 2011
10
USEPA,
10
USEPA,
5
USEPA,
NA
[4]
2011 [41
2011 [41
2011 [41
Fraction Ingested
FI
unitless
NA
NA
NA
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site-
[6]
[6]
[6]
[6]
specific
Age -Adjusted Sediment Ingestion Rate
IFSadj
mg-yr/kg-day
NA
NA
NA
2
NA
NA
NA
7
Age -Adjusted Sediment Ingestion Factor-
IFSM
mg-yr/kg-day
NA
NA
NA
7
NA
NA
NA
29
Mutagenic
Dermal Exposure with Sediment
Exposed Skin Surface Area
SA
am'
NA
NA
NA
3820
USEPA, 2011
6378
USEPA,
13350 USEPA,
20900 USEPA,
NA
[121
2014a
2011 [11]
2014a
Sediment Adherence Factor
AF
mg/cm'
NA
NA
NA
0.10
USEPA, 2011
0.10
USEPA,
0.10
USEPA,
0.07
USEPA,
NA
191
2011 [9]
2011 [9]
2011 [8]
Fraction Dermal
EV
event/day
NA
NA
NA
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site-
[6]
[6]
[6]
[6]
specific
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor
DFSadj
mg-yr/kg-day
NA
NA
NA
87
NA
NA
NA
741
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor-
DFSM
NA
NA
NA
260
NA
NA
NA
2454
mg-yr/kg-day
Mutagenic
1/11/2016

Page 2 of 5
TABLE 1-1
HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE PARAMETERS
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKEENERGY
Current/Future On -Site
Current/Future Off -Site Resident
Trespasser
Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Swimmer
Child and Adult (Ages
Adolescent(6-<16
Adolescent(6-<16
Child, Adolescent
Child (Age c6)
Adult
1.26)
years)
Child (Age <6 )
years)
Adult
and Adult (Ages 1 -
Parameter
Units
26)
Incidental Ingestion of Groundwater [17]
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Water Ingestion Rate
IR
L/day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Fraction Ingested
FI
unilless
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
I NA
NA
NA
Dermal Exposure with Groundwater
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Exposed Skin Surface Area
SA
crri'
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Exposure Time
t-event
hr/event
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Events per Day
EV
event/day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Incidental Ingestion of Surface Water [17]
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
NA
NA
NA
45 USEPA,
45 USEPA,
45 USEPA,
45 USEPA,
45 USEPA,
20141,
20141,
1 20141,
20141,
2014b
Water Ingestion Rate
IR
L/day
NA
NA
NA
0.02 USEPA,
0.10 USEPA,
0.10 USEPA,
0.10 USEPA,
NA
20141, [13]
20141, [13]
20141, [13]
20141, [13]
Fraction Ingested
FI
unilless
NA
NA
NA
1.0 Site -specific
1.0 Site -specific
1.0 Site -specific
1.0 Site -specific
1.0 Sile-
151
151
151
151
specific
Age -Adjusted Water Ingestion Rate
IFWadj
L/kg
NA
NA
NA
0.2
NA
NA
NA
3.4
Age -Adjusted Water Ingestion Factor-
IFWM
L/kg
NA
NA
NA
0.6
NA
NA
NA
13.2
Mutagenic
Dermal Exposure with Surface Water
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
NA
NA
NA
45 USEPA,
45 USEPA,
45 USEPA,
45 USEPA,
45 USEPA,
20141,
20141,
20141,
20141,
20141,
Exposed Skin Surface Area
SA
crri'
NA
NA
NA
3820 USEPA, 2011
6378 USEPA,
13350 USEPA,
20900 USEPA,
NA
[121
2014a
2011 [111
2014a
Exposure Time
t-event
hr/event
NA
NA
NA
2 Site -specific
2 Site -specific
2 Site -specific
2 Site -specific
2
151
151
151
151
Events per Day
EV
event/day
NA
NA
NA
1.0 Site -specific
1.0 Site -specific
1.0 Site -specific
1.0 Site -specific
1.0 Site-
151
151
151
151
specific
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor
DFWadj
eventscm'/kg
NA
NA
NA
39068
NA
NA
NA
368901
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor-
DFWM
eventscm'/kg
NA
NA
NA
117205
NA
NA
NA
1139453
Mutagenic
Ingestion of Fish - Subsistence Angler
Fish Ingestion Rate
IR
g/day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Fraction Ingested
FI
unilless
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Ingestion of Fish - Recreational Angler
Fish Ingestion Rate
IR
g/day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Fraction Ingested
FI
unilless
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1/11/2016

Page 3 of 5
TABLE 1-1
HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE PARAMETERS
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKEENERGY
Current/Future
Off -Site
Recreational
Wader
Current/Future On.
Current/Future
On -
Parameter
Units
Current/Future Off-
Site Recreational
Boater
Current/Future
Off -Site
Fisher
Site Commercial/
Industrial Worker
Site
Construction
Worker
Child (Age <6)
Adolescent (6-<16
years)
Adult
Child, Adolescent
and Adult (Ages 1 -
26)
Standard Parameters
Body Weight
BW
kg
15
USEPA,
44
USEPA,
80
USEPA,
NA
80
USEPA,
80
USEPA, 2014a
80 USEPA,
80
USEPA,
2011[1]
2011[1]
2014a
2014a
2014a
2014a
Exposure Duration
ED
years
6
Ages <6
10
Ages 6 - <16
10
Balance of
26
Site-
10
Balance of
10
Balance of 26-yr
25 USEPA,
1
USEPA, 2002
26-yr
specific
26-yr
exposure
2014a
exposure
exposure
Non —carcinogenic Averaging Time
Atnc
days
2190
ED
3650
ED
3650
ED
9490
ED
3650
ED
3650
ED expressed in
9125 ED
365
ED
expressed in
expressed in
expressed in
expressed
expressed in
days
expressed in
expressed in
days
days
days
in days
days
days
days
Carcinogenic Averaging Time
Atc
days
25550
70 year
25550 70 year
25550 70 year
25550
70 year
25550 70 year
25550
70 year lifetime
25550 70 year
25550 70 year
lifetime
lifetime
lifetime
lifetime
lifetime
lifetime
lifetime
Incidental Ingestion of Soil
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
250 USEPA,
60
Site -specific
2014a
[16]
Soil Ingestion Rate
IR
mg/day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
100 USEPA,
330
USEPA,
2014a
2002
Fraction Ingested
FI
unitless
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.0 USEPA,
1.0
USEPA, 2002
2014a
Age -Adjusted Soil Ingestion Rate
IFSadj
mg-yr/kg-day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Age -Adjusted Soil Ingestion Factor-
IFSM
mg-yr/kg-day
Mutagenic
Dermal Exposure with Soil
Exposed Skin Surface Area
SA
cm2
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
3470 USEPA,
3470
USEPA,
2014a
2014a
Soil Adherence Factor
AF
rng/cm'
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.12 USEPA,
0.3
USEPA, 2002
2014a
Fraction Dermal
EV
event/day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.0 USEPA,
1.0
USEPA, 2002
2014a
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor
DFSadj
mg-yr/kg-day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor-
DFSM
mg-yr/kg-day
Mutagenic
Particulate Inhalation
Exposure Time
ET-
hours/day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
4 Site -specific
8
USEPA,
[141
2014a
Incidental Ingestion of Sediment
Exposure Frequency
days/year
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA, 2014b
12 Site -specific
NA
2014b
2014b
2014b
2014b
2014b
[14]
Sediment Ingestion Rate
[IFSadj
mg/day
10
USEPA,
10
USEPA,
5
USEPA,
NA
5
USEPA,
5
USEPA, 2011
5 USEPA, 2011
NA
2011 [4]
2011 [4]
2011 [4]
2011 [4]
[4]
[4]
Fraction Ingested
unitless
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site-
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific [6]
1.0 USEPA,
NA
[6]
[6]
[6]
specific
[6]
2014a
Age -Adjusted Sediment Ingestion Rate
mg-yr/kg-day
NA
NA
NA
7
NA
NA
NA
NA
Age -Adjusted Sediment Ingestion Factor-
IFSM
mg-yr/kg-day
NA
NA
NA
29
NA
NA
NA
NA
Mutagenic
Dermal Exposure with Sediment
Exposed Skin Surface Area
SA
an'
1770
USEPA,
3820
USEPA,
5790
USEPA,
NA
5790
USEPA,
5790
USEPA, 2011
670 USEPA, 2011
NA
2011[121
2011[121
2011[121
2011[121
[121
[151
Sediment Adherence Factor
AF
mg/cm'
0.10
USEPA,
0.10
USEPA,
0.07
USEPA,
NA
0.1
USEPA,
0.1
USEPA, 2011
0.1 USEPA,
NA
2011 [9]
1
2011 [9]
1
2011 [8]
2011 [8]
1
181
1 2014a
Fraction Dermal
EV
event/day
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site-
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific [61
1.0 USEPA,
NA
[6]
[6]
[6]
specific
[6]
2014a
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor
DFSadj
mg-yr/kg-day
NA
NA
NA
208
NA
NA
NA
NA
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor-
DFSM
NA
NA
NA
689
NA
NA
NA
NA
mg-yr/kg-day
Mutagenic
1/11/2016

Page 4 of 5
TABLE 1-1
HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE PARAMETERS
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKEENERGY
Current/Future
Off -Site
Recreational
Wader
Current/Future On.
Current/Future
On -
Current/Future Off-
Site Commercial/
Site
Construction
Child, Adolescent
Child (Age <6)
Adolescent
(6-<16
Adult
and Adult (Ages 1 -
Site
Recreational
Current/Future
Off -Site
Industrial Worker
Worker
Parameter
Units
years)
26)
Boater
Fisher
Incidental Ingestion of Groundwater [17]
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
60
Site -specific
1161
Water Ingestion Rate
IR
L/day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.004 USEPA, 2011
[101
Fraction Ingested
FI
unilless
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.0
Assumption
Dermal Exposure with Groundwater
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
60
Site -specific
[16]
Exposed Skin Surface Area
SA
crri'
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
670
USEPA, 2011
1151
Exposure Time
t-event
hr/event
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.6
Site -specific
1161
Events per Day
EV
event/day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.0
Assumption
Incidental Ingestion of Surface Water [17]
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
NA
NA
NA
NA
20141b
2014b
2014b
2014b
Water Ingestion Rate
IR
L/day
0.10
USEPA,
0.02
USEPA,
0.02
USEPA,
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
20141b [13]
20141b [13]
20141b [13]
Fraction Ingested
FI
unilless
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site-
NA
NA
NA
NA
151
151
151
specific
Age -Adjusted Water Ingestion Rate
IFWadj
L/kg
NA
NA
NA
2.12
NA
NA
NA
NA
Age -Adjusted Water Ingestion Factor-
IFWM
L/kg
NA
NA
NA
10.33
NA
NA
NA
NA
Mutagenic
Dermal Exposure with Surface Water
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA,
45
USEPA, 20141b
12 Site -specific
NA
2014b
2014b
2014b
2014b
2014b
[14]
Exposed Skin Surface Area
SA
crri'
1770
USEPA,
3820
USEPA,
5790
USEPA,
NA
5790
USEPA,
5790
USEPA, 2011
670 USEPA, 2011
NA
2011[121
2011[121
2011[121
2011[121
[121
1151
Exposure Time
t-event
hr/event
2
Site -specific
2
Site -specific
2
Site -specific
2
2
Site -specific
2
Site -specific [5]
4 Site -specific
NA
151
151
151
151
[14]
Events per Day
EV
event/day
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site -specific
1.0
Site-
1
Site -specific
1
Site -specific [5]
1.0 Assumption
NA
151
151
151
specific
151
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor
DFWadj
eventscm'/kg
NA
NA
NA
103497
NA
NA
NA
NA
Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor-
DFWM
eventscm'/kg
NA
NA
NA
319693
NA
NA
NA
NA
Mutagenic
Ingestion of Fish - Subsistence Angler
Fish Ingestion Rate
IR
g/day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Adult: 170
USEPA, 2000
NA
NA
1181
Child: 98
USEPA, 2011
[20]
Fraction Ingested
FI
unilless
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.0
Site -specific.
NA
NA
Assumes 100
offish is from
the Site.
Exposure Frequency
EF
days/year
I NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1 365
NA
NA
Ingestion of Fish - Recreational Angler
Fish Ingestion Rate
IR
g/day
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Adult: 17.5
USEPA, 2000
NA
NA
1191
Adolescent:
USEPA, 2011
7.6
[211
Fraction Ingested
FI
unilless
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.0
Site -specific.
NA
NA
Assumes 100
offish is from
the Site.
Exposure Frequency
JEF
days/year
I NA
I NA
I NA
I NA
I NA
1 365
1 NA
I NA
1/11/2016

Page 5 of 5
TABLE 1-1
HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE PARAMETERS
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKEENERGY
Notes and Abbreviations
USEPA, 2000. Guidance for Assessing Chemical Contaminant Data for Use in Fish Advisories. Volume 1, Fish Sampling and Analysis, Third Edition. EPA 823-B-00-007. USEPA Office of Water. 2000.
USEPA, 2002 - Supplemental Guidance for Developing Soil Screening Levels for Superfund Sites. OWSWER 9355.4-24
USEPA, 2011 - Exposure Factors Handbook. USEPA/600/R-10/030. October, 2011.
USEPA, 2014a - Human Health Evaluation Manual, Supplemental Guidance: Update of Standard Default Exposure Factors. OSWER 9200.1-120. February 6, 201.
USEPA, 20141, - Region 4 Human Health Risk Assessment Supplemental Guidance. January 2014. Draft Final.
[1] - Table 8-1 of USEPA (2011).
[2] - Assumes 2 hours per day.
[3] - One -tenth of the value for swimming (49 ml/hour; Table 3-5 of USEPA (2011)) used to approximate incidental ingestion during wading in washes during storm water events.
[4] - Table 5-1 of USEPA (2011), recommended value for soil plus dust. For sediment, these values are adjusted by a factor of 0.1 to account for the lower sediment exposure potential.
[5] - Assumes 2 hours per event and that on days when play in water occurs, all daily exposure to water is derived from locations at the Site.
[6] - Assumes that on days when visitation to the Site occurs , all daily exposure to soil is derived from locations at the Site.
[7] - Based on surface area of face, hands, forearms, lower legs.
[8] - Based on weighted skin adherence factor for'sports-oudoom'.
[9] - Based on weighted skin adherence factor for'activities with soil'.
[10] - One -tenth of the value for swimming (21 ml/hour; Table 3-5 of USEPA (2011)) used to approximate incidental ingestion during wading.
[11] - Based on weighted average of mean values for 6- 16 years.
[12] - Based on surface area of hands, forearms, lower legs, and feet.
[13] - Ingestion of 50 milliliter per hour (.1/hour) of surface water should be used for exposures to water during swimming. Intake rates for exposure to surface water during wading should be 50 ml/hour for children 1-6 and 10 ml/hour for adolescents and adults.
The water ingestion rate in liters/day is calculated as follows: ingestion (ml/hr) x exposure time (hr/event)/1000 (ml/1).
[14] - Assumes contact with surface water and sediment in a seep area and/or on -site tributary one day per month for half a day (4 hours).
[15] - Based on surface area of hands and forearms.
[16] - Assumes that excvation work occurs a total of 12 work -weeks over the duration of a one year construction project and that contact with groundwater in a trench occurs for a portion of each excavation work -day.
[17] - Drinking water will be evaluated by comparison of groundwater and surface water data to drinking water criteria.
[18] - Value is the 95th percentile for Native American subsistence fishers (USEPA, 2000).
[19] - Value is the 95th percentile for recreational fishers (USEPA, 2000).
[20] - Value is the 95th percentile for Native American subsistence fishers ages 0 - 5 from same source used to derive 95th percentile for adult Native American subsistence fishers (EFH, Table 10-6).
[21] - Value is the average of mean ingestion rates for children of consuming recreational anglers ages 6 - 20 (EFH, Table 10-5).
Values are based on time -weighted average of child, adolescent, and adult exposure values, calculated as follows:
Soil
EF = (child EF x child ED) + (adolescent EF x adolescent ED)+ (adult EF x adult ED) / total scenario ED
IFSadj = (child ED x child IR / child BW)+ (adolescent ED x adolescent IR / adolescent BW) + (adult ED x adult IR / adult BW)
DFSadj = (child ED x child SA x child AF / child BW)+ (adolescdent ED x adolescent SA x adolescent AF / adolescent BW) + (adult ED x adult SA x adult AF / adult BW)
ET = (child ET x child ED) + (adolescent ET x adolescent ED)+ (adult ET x adult ED) / total scenario ED
Soil - mutagenic
IFSM = (child ED [0-2] x child IR [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2]) + (child ED [2-6] x child IR [2-6] x ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6])+ (older child ED [6-16] x older child IR [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older child BW [6-16])+ (adult ED x adult IR x adult ADAF / adult BW)
DFSM = (child ED [0-2] x child SA [0-2] x child AF [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2]) + (child ED [2-6] x child SA [2-6] x child AF [2-6] x ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6]) + (older child ED [6-16] x older child SA [6-16] x older child AF [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older child BW [6-16]) + (adult ED x adult SA x adult AF x adult ADAF / adu
INHF = [(child ET [0-2] x child EF [0-2] x child ED [0-2] x ADAF [0-2]) + (child ET [2-6] x child EF [2-6] x child ED [2-6] x ADAF [2-6]) + (older child ET [6-16] x older child EF [6-16] x older child ED [6-16] x ADAF [6-16]) + (adult ET x adult EF x adult ED x adult ADAF)]
Water
IFWadj = (child ED [0-2] x child EF [0-2] x child IR [0-2] / child BW [0-2]) + (child ED [2-6] x child EF [2-6] x child IR [2-6] / child BW [2-6])+ (older child ED [6-16] x older child EF [6-16] x older child IR [6-16] / older child BW [6-16]) + (adult ED x adult EF x adult IR / adult BW)
DFWadj = (child EF [0-2] x child ED [0-2] x child SA [0-2] x child EV [0-2] / child BW [0-2]) + (child EF [2-6] x child ED [2-6] x child SA [2-6] x child EV [2-6] / child BW [2-6]) + (older child EF [6-16] x older child ED [6-16] x older child SA [6-16] x older child EV [6-16] / alder child BW [6-16])+ (adult EF x adult ED x adult SA x a
Water - mutagenic
IFWM = (child ED [0-2] x child EF [0-2] x child IR [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2]) + (child ED [2-6] x child EF [2-6] x child IR [2-6] x ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6]) + (older child ED [6-16] x child EF [6-16] x older child IR [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older child BW [6-16]) + (adult ED x adult EF x adult IR x adult ADAF / adult BW)
DFWM = (child EF [0-2] x child ED [0-2] x child SA [0-2] x child EV [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2])+ (child EF [2-6] x child ED [2-6] x child SA [2-6] x child EV [2-6] x ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6]) + (older child EF [6-16] x older child ED [6-16] x older child SA [6-16] x older child EV [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older child BW [6-1E
(adult EF x adult ED x adult SA x adult EV x adult ADAF / adult BW)
USEPA guidance for early life exposure to carcinogens (USEPA, 2005) requires that risks for potentially carcinogenic constituents that are presumed to act by a mutagenic mode of action be calculated differently than for constituents that do not act via a mutagenic mode of action.
Therefore, the age -dependent adjustment factors (ADAF) will be applied for calculations involving children under the age of 16. The ADAFs are as follows:
Age 0 to 2 years (2 year interval from birth until 2nd birthday)—ADAF = 10
Ages 2 to 16 years (14 year interval from 2nd birthday to 16th birthday)—ADAF = 3
Ages 16 and up (after 16th birthday) — no adjustment - ADAF = 1
1/11/2016

TABLE 2-1
HUMAN HEALTH TOXICITY VALUES - CANCER AND INHALATiON NON -CANCER
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKE ENERGY
Constituent
CAS
Chronic
Inhalation
Reference
Concentration
RfC-i
mg/m3 REF
Subchronic
Inhalation
Reference
Concentration
RfC-i
mg/m3 REF
Oral
Cancer Slope
Factor
CSF-o
1/(mg/kg/day) REF
Dermal
Cancer Slope
Factor
CSF-d
1/(mg/kg/day) REF
Inhalation
Unit Risk
IUR
1/(Ng/m3) REF
Mutagen
Metals
Aluminum
7429-90-5
5.0E-03 P
5.0E-03 Cr
N
Antimony
7440-36-0
N
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.5E-05 C
1.5E-05 Cr
1.5E+00 I
1.5E+00 I
4.3E-03 I
N
Barium
7440-39-3
5.0E-04 H
5.0E-03 H
N
Beryllium
7440-41-7
2.0E-05 I
2.0E-05 H
2.4E-03 I
N
Boron
7440-42-8
2.0E-02 H
2.0E-02 H
N
Cadmium
7440-43-9
2.0E-05 C
2.0E-05 Cr
1.8E-03 I
N
Calcium
7440-70-2
N
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
N
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
1.0E-04 I
3.0E-04 A
8.4E-02 I
N
Chromium VI (hexavalent) (a)
18540-29-9
1.0E-04 I
3.0E-04 A
5.0E-01 J
8.4E-02 I
Y
Chromium III
16065-83-1
N
Cobalt
7440-48-4
6.0E-06 P
2.0E-05 P
9.0E-03 P
N
Copper
7440-50-8
N
Iron
7439-89-6
N
Lead
7439-92-1
N
Magnesium
7439-95-4
N
Manganese (b)
7439-96-5
5.0E-05 I
5.0E-05 Cr
N
Mercury
7439-97-6
3.0E-04 I
3.0E-04 H
N
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
N
Nickel
7440-02-0
9.0E-05 A
2.0E-04 A
2.4E-04 I
N
Potassium
7440-09-7
N
Selenium
7782-49-2
2.0E-02 C
2.0E-02 Cr
N
Sodium
7440-23-5
N
Strontium
7440-24-6
N
Thallium
7440-28-0
N
Titanium
7440-32-6
1.0E-04 A
N
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.0E-04 A
1.0E-04 A
N
Zinc
7440-66-6
N
General Chemistry
Alkalinity
ALK
N
Bicarbonate Alkalinity
ALKBICARB
N
Carbonate Alkalinity
ALKCARB
N
Chloride
7647-14-5
N
Methane
74-82-8
N
Nitrate
14797-55-8
N
pH
PH
N
Sulfate
7757-82-6
N
Sulfide
18496-25-8
N
Total Dissolved Solids
TDS
N
Total Organic Carbon
TOC
N
Total Suspended Solids
TSS
N
Notes:
A - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Minimum Risk Level (MRL)
C - California Environmental Protection Agency.
CAMA - Coal Ash Management Act 2014, North Carolina Session Law 2014-122.
Page 1 of 5
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
G:\42058_Duke\002\HH P RGs\201 6-01 04-HAI -Toxicity Factors.xlsx, Inhalation and Cancer
1/11/2016

TABLE 2-1
HUMAN HEALTH TOXICITY VALUES - CANCER AND INHALATiON NON -CANCER
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKE ENERGY
Chronic
Subchronic
Inhalation
Inhalation
Reference
Reference
Oral
Dermal
Concentration
Concentration
Cancer Slope
Cancer Slope
Inhalation
RfC-i
RfC-i
Factor
Factor
Unit Risk
CSF-o
CSF-d
IUR
Constituent
CAS
mg/m3 REF
mg/m3 REF
1/(mg/kg/day) REF
1/(mg/kg/day) REF
1/(Ng/m3) REF
Mutagen
CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service
Cr - Chronic value.
EN - Essential Nutrient.
I - Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS).
H - Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables (HEAST).
J - New Jersey; as provided on the USEPA RSL table.
mg/kg-day - Milligrams per kilograms body weigl
Page 2 of 5
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
G:\42058_Duke\002\HH P RGs\201 6-01 04-HAI -Toxicity Factors.xlsx, Inhalation and Cancer
1/11/2016

TABLE 2-2
HUMAN HEALTH ORAL NONCANCER TOXICITY VALUES
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKE ENERGY
Page 3 of 5
Constituent
CAS
Chronic Oral
Reference Dose
RfD-o
(mg/kg-day) REF
Chronic Dermal
Reference Dose
RfD-d
(mg/kg-day)
REF
USEPA
Confidence
Level
Combined
Uncertainty/
Modifying
Factors
Primary Target
Critical Endpoint
Subchronic Oral
Reference Dose
RfD-o
(mg/kg-day) REF
Subchronic
Dermal
Reference Dose
RfD-d
(mg/kg-day) REF
USEPA
Confidence
Level
Combined
Uncertainty/
Modifying
Factors
Primary Target
Critical Endpoint
Metals
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.0E+00 P
1.0E+00 P
Low
100
Neurological
Neurological Toxicity
1.0E+00 A
1.0E+00 A
NA
30
Neurological
Neurological Toxicity
Antimony
7440-36-0
4.0E-04 I
6.0E-05 I
Low
1000
Mortality, Blood
Longevity, blood glucose, and cholesterol
4.0E-04 P
6.0E-05 P
Low
1000
Mortality, Blood
Longevity, blood glucose, and cholesterol
Hyperpigmentation, keratosis and possible
Hyperpigmentation, keratosis and possible
Arsenic
7440-38-2
3.0E-04 I
3.0E-04 I
Medium
3
Skin, Vascular
vascular complications
3.0E-04 Cr
3.0E-04 Cr
Medium
3
Skin, Vascular
vascular complications
Barium
7440-39-3
2.0E-01 I
1.4E-02 I
Medium
300
Kidney
Nephropathy
2.0E-01 A
1.4E-02 A
Medium
300
Kidney
Nephropathy
Beryllium
7440-41-7
2.0E-03 I
1.4E-05 I
Low/Medium
300
Gastrointestinal
Small intestinal lesions
5.0E-03 H
5.0E-03 H
Low/Medium
300
Gastrointestinal
Small intestinal lesions
Boron
7440-42-8
2.0E-01 I
2.0E-01 I
High
66
Developmental
Decreased fetal weight (developmental)
2.0E-01 A
2.0E-01 A
High
66
Developmental
Decreased fetal weight (developmental)
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.0E-03 I
2.5E-05 I
High
10
Kidney
Significant proteinuria
1.0E-03 Cr
2.5E-05 Cr
High
10
Kidney
Significant proteinuria
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.5E+00 I
2.0E-02 I
Low
100
No effects observed
No effects observed
1.5E+00 H
2.0E-02 H
Low
100
No effects observed
No effects observed
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
3.0E-03 I
7.5E-05 I
Low
900
None reported
None reported
5.0E-03 A
1.3E-04 A
NA
100
Blood
Microcytic, hypochromic anemia
Chromium VI (hexavalent) (a)
18540-29-9
3.0E-03 I
7.5E-05 I
Low
900
None reported
None reported
5.0E-03 A
1.3E-04 A
NA
100
Blood
Microcytic, hypochromic anemia
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.5E+00 I
2.0E-02 I
Low
100
None
No effects observed
1.5E+00 H
2.0E-02 H
Low
100
None
No effects observed
Cobalt
7440-48-4
3.0E-04 P
3.0E-04 P
Low/Medium
3000
Thyroid
Decreased iodine uptake
3.0E-03 P
3.0E-03 P
Low/Medium
300
Thyroid
Decreased iodine uptake
Copper
7440-50-8
4.0E-02 H
4.0E-02 H
NA
NA
Gastrointestinal
Gastrointestinal system irritation
4.0E-02 Cr
4.0E-02 Cr
NA
NA
Gastrointestinal
Gastrointestinal system irritation
Iron
7439-89-6
7.0E-01 P
7.0E-01 P
NA
NA
Gastrointestinal
Gastrointestinal toxicity
7.0E-01 P
7.0E-01 P
NA
NA
Gastrointestinal
Gastrointestinal toxicity
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
CNS Effects (Other Effect: Impairment of
CNS Effects (Other Effect: Impairment of
Manganese (b)
7439-96-5
1.4E-01 I
5.6E-03 I
Medium
3
Neurological
Neurobehavioral Function)
1.4E-01 H
5.6E-03 H
Medium
3
Neurological
Neurobehavioral Function)
Mercury
7439-97-6
3.0E-04 1
2.1E-05 I
High
1000
Immune
Autoimmune
2.0E-03 A
1.4E-04 A
NA
100
Kidney
Renal effects
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
5.0E-03 I
5.0E-03 I
Medium
30
Urinary
Increased uric acid levels
5.0E-03 H
5.0E-03 H
Medium
30
Urinary
Increased uric acid levels
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.0E-02 I
8.0E-04 I
Medium
300
General
Decreased body and organ weights
2.0E-02 H
8.0E-04 H
Medium
300
Decreased body and organ weights
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
5.0E-03 I
5.0E-03 I
High
3
Skin, Nails, Hair,B
Clinical selenosis
5.0E-03 H
5.0E-03 H
High
3
Skin, Nails, Hair,B
Clinical selenosis
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
6.0E-01 I
6.0E-01 I
Medium
300
Musculoskeletal
Rachitic bone
2.0E+00 A
2.0E+00 A
NA
90
Musculoskeletal
Skeletal toxicity
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.0E-05 X
1.0E-05 X
3000
Hair
Hair follicle atrophy
1.0E-05 X
1.0E-05 X
3000
Hair
Hair follicle atrophy
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Hematological alterations and blood
Vanadium
7440-62-2
5.0E-03 I
1.3E-04 I
Low
100
Hair
Decreased hair cystine
1.0E-02 A
1.0E-02 A
NA
10
Blood
pressure
Decreases in erythrocyte Cu, Zn-superoxide
Decreases in erythrocyte Cu, Zn-superoxide
dismutase (ESOD) activity in
dismutase (ESOD) activity in
Zinc
7440-66-6
3.0E-01 I
3.0E-01 I
Medium/High
3
Blood
healthy adult male and female volunteers
3.0E-01 A
3.0E-01 A
NA
3
Blood
healthy adult male and female volunteers
General Chemistry
Alkalinity
ALK
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Bicarbonate Alkalinity
ALKBICARB
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Carbonate Alkalinity
ALKCARB
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Chloride
7647-14-5
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Methane
74-82-8
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Early clinical signs of methemoglobinemia in
Early clinical signs of methemoglobinemia in
excess of 10% (0-3 months old infants
excess of 10% (0-3 months old infants
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.6E+00 I
1.6E+00 I
High
1
Blood
formula)
1.6E+00 Cr
1.6E+00 Cr
High
1
Blood
formula)
pH
PH
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Sulfate
7757-82-6
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Total Dissolved Solids
TDS
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Total Organic Carbon
TOC
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Total Suspended Solids
TSS
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
G:\42058_Duke\002\HH PRGs\2016-0104-HAI-Toxicity Factors.xlsx, Chronic Subch Oral Derm NC
1/11/2016

TABLE 2-2
HUMAN HEALTH ORAL NONCANCER TOXICITY VALUES
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKE ENERGY
Page 4 of 5
Subchronic
Chronic Oral
Chronic Dermal
Subchronic Oral
Dermal
Reference Dose
Reference Dose
Combined
Reference Dose
Reference Dose
Combined
RfD-o
RfD-d
USEPA
Uncertainty/
RfD-o
RfD-d
USEPA
Uncertainty/
Confidence
Modifying
Confidence
Modifying
Constituent
CAS
(mg/kg-day) REF
(mg/kg-day) REF
Level
Factors
Primary Target
Critical Endpoint
(mg/kg-day) REF
(mg/kg-day) REF
Level
Factors
Primary Target
Critical Endpoint
Notes:
A - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Minimum Risk Level (MRL)
C - California Environmental Protection Agency.
CAMA - Coal Ash Management Act 2014, North Carolina Session Law 2014-122.
CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service
Cr - Chronic value.
EN - Essential Nutrient.
I - Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS).
H - Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables (HEAST).
J - New Jersey; as provided on the USEPA RSL table.
mg/kg-day - Milligrams per kilograms body weight per day.
mg/m3 - Milligrams per cubic meter.
N - No.
P - Provisional Peer Reviewed Toxicity Value (PPRTV).
REF - Reference.
RSL - Risk -based Screening Level.
ug/m3 - Micrograms per cubic Meter.
USEPA - US Environmental Protection Agency.
X - Provisional Peer Reviewed Toxicity Value (PPRTV) Appendix.
Y - Yes.
(a) - The basis of the draft oral cancer toxicity value used in the calculation of the RSL has been questioned by USEPA's Science Advisory Board.
(b) - RfD for food used because manganese is expected to be present in a less bioavailable form in environmental media, particularly given the presence of iron which will reduce manganese absorption.
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
G:\42055_Duke\002\HH PRGs\2016-0104-HAI-Toxicity Factors.xlsx, Chronic Subch Oral Derm NC
1 /11 /2016

Page 5 of 5
TABLE 2-3
DERMAL ABSORPTION FACTORS AND DERMAL PERMEABILITY CONSTANT;
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKE ENERGY
Constituent
CAS
Dermal Absorption
Fraction (ABSd)
(unitless)
Dermal Permeability
Constant
(Kp)
(cm/hr) (b)
Metals
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.0E-03
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.0E-03
Arsenic
7440-38-2
0.03
1.0E-03
Barium
7440-39-3
1.0E-03
Beryllium
7440-41-7
1.0E-03
Boron
7440-42-8
1.0E-03
Cadmium
7440-43-9
0.001
1.0E-03
Calcium
7440-70-2
1.0E-03
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.0E-03
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
0.1
2.0E-03
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.0E-03
Cobalt
7440-48-4
4.0E-04
Copper
7440-50-8
1.0E-03
Iron
7439-89-6
1.0E-03
Lead
7439-92-1
1.0E-04
Magnesium
7439-95-4
1.0E-03
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.0E-03
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.0E-03
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
1.0E-03
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.0E-04
Potassium
7440-09-7
2.0E-04
Selenium
7782-49-2
1.0E-03
Sodium
7440-23-5
6.0E-04
Strontium
7440-24-6
1.0E-03
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.0E-03
Titanium
7440-32-6
1.0E-03
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.0E-03
Zinc
7440-66-6
6.0E-04
General Chemistry
Alkalinity
ALK
NA
Bicarbonate Alkalinity
ALKBICARB
NA
Carbonate Alkalinity
ALKCARB
NA
Chloride
7647-14-5
NA
Methane
74-82-8
NA
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.0E-03
pH
PH
NA
Sulfate
7757-82-6
NA
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
Total Dissolved Solids
TDS
NA
Total Organic Carbon
TOG
NA
Total Suspended Solids
TSS
NA
Notes:
ABS - absorption factor.
CAMA - Coal Ash Management Act 2014.
(a) - USEPA, 2004. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund. Volume 1, Part E, Supplemental Guidance for Dermal
Risk Assessment. Exhibit 4-1. Where USEPA, 2004 does not recommend adjustments, no value is listed.
(b) - USEPA, 2004. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund. Volume 1, Part E, Supplemental Guidance for Dermal
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
G:\42058_Duke\002\HH PRGs\2016-0104-HAI-Toxicity Factors.xlsx, Dermal values (2) 1/11/2016

TABLE 2-4
WATER TO FISH BIOCONCENTRATION FACTORS (BCFs) USED IN THE FOOD CHAIN MODEL'
RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES
DUKE ENERGY
Analyte
Chemical Abstract
Number
Bioconcentration
Factor
Reference
Aluminum
7429-90-5
2.7
USEPA, 1999
Antimony
7440-36-0
40
USEPA, 1999
Arsenic
7440-38-2
114
USEPA, 1999
Barium
7440-39-3
633
USEPA, 1999
Beryllium
7440-41-7
62
USEPA, 1999
Boron
7440-42-8
0.3
WHO, 1998
Cadmium
7440-43-9
907
USEPA, 1999
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
19
USEPA, 1999
Cobalt
7440-48-4
400
IAEA, 2012
Copper
7440-50-8
710
USEPA, 1999
Cyanide
57-12-5
633
USEPA, 1999
Lead
7439-92-1
0.1
USEPA, 1999
Lithium
7439-93-2
1
NCRP, 1996
Manganese
7439-96-5
2.4
IAEA, 2012
Mercury
7439-97-6
4500
IAEA, 2012
Nickel
7440-02-0
71
USEPA, 1999
Selenium
7782-49-2
1000
OEHHA, 2010
Silver
7440-22-4
87.7
USEPA, 1999
Strontium
7440-24-6
30
USNRC, 1977
Thallium
7440-28-0
190
USEPA, 1999
Uranium
7440-61-1
2.4
IAEA, 2012
Vanadium
7440-62-2
290
IAEA, 2012
Zinc
7440-66-6
2059
USEPA, 1999
'The values are typically the maximum value cited in the Reference. If the maximum value was not chosen (based on
professional judgment), the value generally falls within the range cited in the scientific literature.

1of18
Table 4-1
Summary of Risk Based Concentrations
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Soil
ON -SITE TRESPASSER - ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion
Yes
Dermal Contact
Yes
Particulate Inhalation
Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation
No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical)
1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical)
1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: Risk Based Concentration not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
Cancer
(mg/kg)
Final
(mg/kg)
Basis
Aluminum
7429-90-5
3.6E+06
3.6E+06 nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.4E+03
1.4E+03 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.5E+03
2.4E+03
1.5E+03 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
7.1E+05
7.1E+05 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
7.1 E+03
8.7E+08
7.1 E+03 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
7.1 E+05
7.1 E+05 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
3.2E+03
1.2E+09
3.2E+03 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
5.4E+06
5.4E+06 nc
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
1.1E+04
1.7E+03
1.7E+03 c
Chromium III
16065-83-1
5.4E+06
5.4E+06 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1.1E+03
2.3E+08
1.1E+03 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
1.4E+05
1.4E+05 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
2.5E+06
2.5E+06 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
4.0E+02 nc
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
5.0E+05
5.0E+05 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.1E+03
1.1E+03 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
1.8E+04
1.8E+04 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
7.1 E+04
8.7E+09
7.1 E+04 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
1.8E+04
1.8E+04 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
2.1E+06
2.1E+06 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
3.6E+01
3.6E+01 nc
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.8E+04
1.8E+04 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.1E+06
1.1E+06 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
5.7E+06
5.7E+06 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1/15/2016

2of18
ble 4-2
mmary of Risk Based Concentrations
rivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
I -SITE TRESPASSER - ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16)
uman Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
uke Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion
Yes
Dermal Contact
Yes
Particulate Inhalation
No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation
No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical)
1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical)
1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; Risk Based Concentration not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
Cancer
I (mg/kg)
Final
(mg/kg)
Basis
Aluminum
7429-90-5
3.6E+07
3.6E+07 nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.4E+04
1.4E+04 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
6.1 E+03
9.5E+03 6.1 E+03 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
7.1 E+06
7.1 E+06 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
7.1 E+04
7.1 E+04 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
7.1 E+06
7.1 E+06 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.4E+04
1.4E+04 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
5.4E+07
5.4E+07 nc
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
1.1E+05
1.7E+04 1.7E+04 c
Chromium III
16065-83-1
5.4E+07
5.4E+07 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1.1E+04
1.1E+04 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
1.4E+06
1.4E+06 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
2.5E+07
2.5E+07 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
4.0E+02 nc
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
5.0E+06
5.0E+06 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.1E+04
1.1E+04 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
1.8E+05
1.8E+05 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
7.1 E+05
7.1 E+05 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
1.8E+05
1.8E+05 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
2.1 E+07
2.1 E+07 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
3.6E+02
3.6E+02 nc
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.8E+05
1.8E+05 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.1E+07
1.1E+07 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
5.7E+07
5.7E+07 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1/15/2016

3of18
Table 4-3
Summary of Risk Based Concentrations
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water & Seep Water
ON -SITE TRESPASSER -ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-06)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; remedial not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
Non -Cancer
(mg/L)
Cancer
(mg/L)
Final
(mg/L)
Basis
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.3E+04
1.3E+04 nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
2.0E+00
2.0E+00 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
3.9E+00
6.0E+00 3.9E+00 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
5.5E+02
5.5E+02 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
6.4E-01
6.4E-01 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
2.6E+03
2.6E+03 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.1 E+00
1.1 E+00 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
8.8E+02
8.8E+02 nc
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
1.7E+00
2.6E-01 2.6E-01 c
Chromium III
16065-83-1
8.8E+02
8.8E+02 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
4.6E+00
4.6E+00 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
5.2E+02
5.2E+02 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
9.0E+03
9.0E+03 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
1.5E-02 nc
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
2.4E+02
2.4E+02 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
8.3E-01
8.3E-01 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
6.5E+01
6.5E+01 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
1.2E+02
1.2E+02 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
6.5E+01
6.5E+01 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
7.7E+03
7.7E+03 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
NA
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
5.7E+00
5.7E+00 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
4.4E+03
4.4E+03 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
2.1 E+04
2.1 E+04 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1/15/2016

4of18
4-4
iary of Risk Based Concentrations
ition of Risk Based Concentrations - Soil
AERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL - COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT)
n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion
Yes
Dermal Contact
Yes
Particulate Inhalation
Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation
No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical)
1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical)
1E-04
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: Risk Based Concentration not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
I Cancer
(mg/kg)
Final
(mg/kg)
Basis
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.2E+06
1.2E+06 nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
4.7E+02
4.7E+02 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
4.8E+02
3.0E+02
3.0E+02 c
Barium
7440-39-3
2.3E+05
2.3E+05 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
2.3E+03
3.1E+07
2.3E+03 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
2.3E+05
2.3E+05 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.0E+03
4.2E+07
1.0E+03 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.8E+06
1.8E+06 nc
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
3.5E+03
6.5E+02
6.5E+02 c
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.8E+06
1.8E+06 nc
Cobalt
7440-484
3.5E+02
8.3E+06
3.5E+02 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
4.7E+04
4.7E+04 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
8.2E+05
8.2E+05 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
8.0E+02 nc
Magnesium
7439-954
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.6E+05
1.6E+05 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
3.5E+02
3.5E+02 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
5.8E+03
5.8E+03 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.3E+04
3.1E+08
2.3E+04 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
5.8E+03
5.8E+03 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
7.0E+05
7.0E+05 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.2E+01
1.2E+01 nc
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
5.8E+03
5.8E+03 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
3.5E+05
3.5E+05 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.9E+06
1.9E+06 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1/15/2016

5of18
de 4-5
nmary of Risk Based Concentrations
ivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
MMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL - COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT)
n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion
Yes
Dermal Contact
Yes
Particulate Inhalation
No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation
No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical)
1E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical)
1E-04
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; Risk Based Concentration not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
I Cancer
(mg/kg)
Final
I (mglkg)
Basis
Aluminum
7429-90-5
4.9E+08
4.9E+08 nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.9E+05
1.9E+05 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.5E+05 9.1E+04
9.1E+04 c
Barium
7440-39-3
9.7E+07
9.7E+07 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
9.7E+05
9.7E+05 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
9.7E+07
9.7E+07 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
3.2E+05
3.2E+05 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
7.3E+08
7.3E+08 nc
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
1.5E+06 2.7E+05
2.7E+05 c
Chromium III
16065-83-1
7.3E+08
7.3E+08 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1.5E+05
1.5E+05 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
1.9E+07
1.9E+07 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
3.4E+08
3.4E+08 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
8.0E+02 nc
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
6.8E+07
6.8E+07 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.5E+05
1.5E+05 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
2.4E+06
2.4E+06 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
9.7E+06
9.7E+06 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
778249-2
2.4E+06
2.4E+06 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
2.9E+08
2.9E+08 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
4.9E+03
4.9E+03 nc
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
2.4E+06
2.4E+06 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.5E+08
1.5E+08 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
7.8E+08
7.8E+08 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1/15/2016

6of18
Table 4-6
Summary of Risk Based Concentrations
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Seep Water
COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL - COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion No
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalat No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available; remedial not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
Non -Cancer
(mg/L)
I Cancer
(mg/L)
I Final
(mg/L)
Basis
Aluminum
7429-90-5
9.1 E+05
9.1 E+05 nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
5.4E+01
5.4E+01 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
2.7E+02
1.7E+02 1.7E+02 c
Barium
7440-39-3
1.3E+04
1.3E+04 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
1.3E+01
1.3E+01 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
1.8E+05
1.8E+05 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
2.3E+01
2.3E+01 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.8E+04
1.8E+04 nc
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
3.4E+01
6.4E+00 6.4E+00 c
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.8E+04
1.8E+04 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
6.8E+02
6.8E+02 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
3.6E+04
3.6E+04 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
6.4E+05
6.4E+05 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
1.5E-02 nc
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
5.1 E+03
5.1 E+03 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.9E+01
1.9E+01 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
4.5E+03
4.5E+03 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
3.6E+03
3.6E+03 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
4.5E+03
4.5E+03 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
5.4E+05
5.4E+05 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
NA
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.2E+02
1.2E+02 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
4.5E+05
4.5E+05 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.5E+06
1.5E+06 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1/15/2016

7of18
Summary of Risk Based Concentrations
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Soil
CONSTRUCTION - CONSTRUCTION WORKER (ADULT)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
- chemical of potential concern
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion
Yes
Dermal Contact
Yes
Particulate Inhalation
Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation
No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical)
1 E+00
Taraet Cancer Risk (per Chemical)
1 E-04
nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; Risk Based Concentration not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
Cancer
(mg/kg)
I Final
(mg/kg)
Basis
Aluminum
/42U-JU-b
l.bL+Ub
Z.bL+Ub nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
5.9E+02
5.9E+02 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
6.4E+02
9.9E+03
6.4E+02 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
2.9E+05
2.9E+05 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
7.4E+03
1.6E+09
7.4E+03 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
2.9E+05
2.9E+05 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.3E+03
2.2E+09
1.3E+03 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
2.2E+06
2.2E+06 nc
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
7.4E+03
2.1E+04
7.4E+03 nc
Chromium III
16065-83-1
2.2E+06
2.2E+06 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
4.4E+03
4.3E+08
4.4E+03 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
5.9E+04
5.9E+04 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
1.0E+06
1.0E+06 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
2.0E+05
2.0E+05 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
2.9E+03
2.9E+03 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
7.4E+03
7.4E+03 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.9E+04
1.6E+10
2.9E+04 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
7.4E+03
7.4E+03 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
2.9E+06
2.9E+06 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
NA
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.5E+04
1.5E+04 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
4.4E+05
4.4E+05 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
2.4E+06
2.4E+06 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1/15/2016

8of18
Table 4-8
Summary of Risk Based Concentrations
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Groundwater
CONSTRUCTION - CONSTRUCTION WORKER (ADULT)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available; remedial not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
Non -Cancer
(mg/L)
Cancer
(mg/L)
Final
(mg/L)
Basis
Aluminum
7429-90-5
9.6E+04
9.6E+04 nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.7E+01
1.7E+01 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
2.9E+01
4.5E+02 2.9E+01 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
5.0E+03
5.0E+03 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
4.8E+02
4.8E+02 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
1.9E+04
1.9E+04 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.0E+01
1.0E+01 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
8.6E+03
8.6E+03 nc
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
2.8E+01
7.6E+01 2.8E+01 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
3.3E+02
3.3E+02 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
3.8E+03
3.8E+03 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
6.7E+04
6.7E+04 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
2.2E+03
2.2E+03 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
5.0E+01
5.0E+01 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
4.8E+02
4.8E+02 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
1.0E+03
1.0E+03 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
4.8E+02
4.8E+02 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
1.9E+05
1.9E+05 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
NA
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
9.6E+02
9.6E+02 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
3.1 E+04
3.1 E+04 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.5E+05
1.5E+05 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1/15/2016

9of18
Table 4-9
Summary of Risk Based Concentrations
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL SWIMMER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion
Yes
Dermal Contact
Yes
Particulate Inhalation
No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation
No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical)
1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical)
1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: Risk Based Concentration not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
Cancer
(mg/kg)
I Final
(mg/kg)
Basis
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.2E+07
1.2E+07 nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
4.9E+03
4.9E+03 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.5E+03
1.4E+03 1.4E+03 c
Barium
7440-39-3
2.4E+06
2.4E+06 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
2.4E+04
2.4E+04 nc
Boron
744042-8
2.4E+06
2.4E+06 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
3.4E+03
3.4E+03 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.8E+07
1.8E+07 nc
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
3.7E+04
3.9E+03 3.9E+03 c
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.8E+07
1.8E+07 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
3.7E+03
3.7E+03 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
4.9E+05
4.9E+05 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
8.5E+06
8.5E+06 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
4.0E+02 nc
Magnesium
7439-954
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.7E+06
1.7E+06 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
3.7E+03
3.7E+03 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
6.1E+04
6.1E+04 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.4E+05
2.4E+05 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
778249-2
6.1E+04
6.1E+04 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
7.3E+06
7.3E+06 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.2E+02
1.2E+02 nc
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
6.1E+04
6.1E+04 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
3.7E+06
3.7E+06 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.9E+07
1.9E+07 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1/15/2016

10 of 18
Table 4-10
Summary of Risk Based Concentrations
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water
OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL SWIMMER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: remedial not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
Non -Cancer
(mg/L)
Cancer
(mg/L)
I Final
(mg/L)
Basis
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.1E+03
1.1E+03 nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
2.6E-01
2.6E-01 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
3.2E-01
4.1 E-01 3.2E-01 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
8.6E+01
8.6E+01 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
1.3E-01
1.3E-01 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
2.2E+02
2.2E+02 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
2.0E-01
2.0E-01 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.7E+02
1.7E+02 nc
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
3.3E-01
2.0E-02 2.0E-02 c
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.7E+02
1.7E+02 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
3.5E-01
3.5E-01 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
4.3E+01
4.3E+01 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
7.6E+02
7.6E+02 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
1.5E-02 nc
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
4.1 E+01
4.1 E+01 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.3E-01
1.3E-01 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
5.4E+00
5.4E+00 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
1.5E+01
1.5E+01 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
5.4E+00
5.4E+00 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
6.5E+02
6.5E+02 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
NA
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.0E+00
1.0E+00 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
3.4E+02
3.4E+02 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.7E+03
1.7E+03 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1/15/2016

11 of 18
e 4-11
imary of Risk Based Concentrations
vation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
-SITE RECREATIONAL WADER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
man Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
ke Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion
Yes
Dermal Contact
Yes
Particulate Inhalation
No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation
No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical)
1E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical)
1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; Risk Based Concentration not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
I Cancer
(mg/kg)
Final
(mg/kg)
Basis
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.2E+07
1.2E+07 nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
4.9E+03
4.9E+03 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
3.2E+03
3.6E+03 3.2E+03 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
2.4E+06
2.4E+06 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
2.4E+04
2.4E+04 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
2.4E+06
2.4E+06 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
7.1E+03
7.1E+03 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.8E+07
1.8E+07 nc
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
3.7E+04
3.9E+03 3.9E+03 c
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.8E+07
1.8E+07 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
3.7E+03
3.7E+03 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
4.9E+05
4.9E+05 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
8.5E+06
8.5E+06 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
4.0E+02 nc
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.7E+06
1.7E+06 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
3.7E+03
3.7E+03 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
6.1 E+04
6.1 E+04 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.4E+05
2.4E+05 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
6.1 E+04
6.1 E+04 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
7.3E+06
7.3E+06 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.2E+02
1.2E+02 nc
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
6.1 E+04
6.1 E+04 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
3.7E+06
3.7E+06 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.9E+07
1.9E+07 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1/15/2016

12 of 18
Table 4-12
Summary of Risk Based Concentrations
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water
OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL WADER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: remedial not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
Non -Cancer
(mg/L)
I Cancer
(mg/L)
Final
(mg/L)
Basis
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.2E+03
1.2E+03
nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
3.9E-01
3.9E-01
nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
3.5E-01
7.3E-01 3.5E-01
nc
Barium
7440-39-3
1.6E+02
1.6E+02
nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
4.0E-01
4.0E-01
nc
Boron
7440-42-8
2.4E+02
2.4E+02
nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
5.0E-01
5.0E-01
nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
4.9E+02
4.9E+02
nc
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
9.5E-01
8.3E-02 8.3E-02
c
Chromium III
16065-83-1
4.9E+02
4.9E+02
nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
3.6E-01
3.6E-01
nc
Copper
7440-50-8
4.7E+01
4.7E+01
nc
Iron
7439-89-6
8.2E+02
8.2E+02
nc
Lead
7439-92-1
1.5E-02
nc
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
9.0E+01
9.0E+01
nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
2.4E-01
2.4E-01
nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
5.9E+00
5.9E+00
nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.1 E+01
2.1 E+01
nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
5.9E+00
5.9E+00
nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
7.1 E+02
7.1 E+02
nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
NA
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
2.6E+00
2.6E+00
nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
3.6E+02
3.6E+02
nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.9E+03
1.9E+03
nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1/15/2016

13 of 18
Table 4-13
Summary of Risk Based Concentrations
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER - OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER (ADULT)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion
Yes
Dermal Contact
Yes
Particulate Inhalation
No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation
No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical)
1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical)
1E-04
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: Risk Based Concentration not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
Cancer
I(mg/kg)
Final
(mg/kg)
Basis
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.3E+08
1.3E+08 nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
5.2E+04
5.2E+04 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
9.6E+03
1.5E+04 9.6E+03 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
2.6E+07
2.6E+07 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
2.6E+05
2.6E+05 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
2.6E+07
2.6E+07 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
2.3E+04
2.3E+04 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.9E+08
1.9E+08 nc
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
3.9E+05
1.8E+05 1.8E+05 c
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.9E+08
1.9E+08 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
3.9E+04
3.9E+04 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
5.2E+06
5.2E+06 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
9.1 E+07
9.1 E+07 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
4.0E+02 nc
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.8E+07
1.8E+07 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
3.9E+04
3.9E+04 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
6.5E+05
6.5E+05 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.6E+06
2.6E+06 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
6.5E+05
6.5E+05 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
7.8E+07
7.8E+07 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.3E+03
1.3E+03 nc
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
6.5E+05
6.5E+05 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
3.9E+07
3.9E+07 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
2.1 E+08
2.1 E+08 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1/15/2016

14 of 18
Table 4-14
Summary of Risk Based Concentrations
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water
OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER - RECREATIONAL BOATER (ADULT)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion No
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: remedial not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/L)
I Cancer
(mg/L)
Final
(mg/L)
I Basis
Aluminum
7429-90-5
5.6E+04
5.6E+04
nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
3.4E+00
3.4E+00
nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.7E+01 2.6E+01
1.7E+01
nc
Barium
7440-39-3
7.8E+02
7.8E+02
nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
7.8E-01
7.8E-01
nc
Boron
7440-42-8
1.1 E+04
1.1 E+04
nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.4E+00
1.4E+00
nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.1E+03
1.1E+03
nc
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
2.1 E+00 9.8E-01
9.8E-01
c
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.1E+03
1.1E+03
nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
4.2E+01
4.2E+01
nc
Copper
7440-50-8
2.2E+03
2.2E+03
nc
Iron
7439-89-6
3.9E+04
3.9E+04
nc
Lead
7439-92-1
1.5E-02
nc
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
3.1 E+02
3.1 E+02
nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.2E+00
1.2E+00
nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
2.8E+02
2.8E+02
nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.2E+02
2.2E+02
nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
2.8E+02
2.8E+02
nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
3.4E+04
3.4E+04
nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
NA
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
7.3E+00
7.3E+00
nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
2.8E+04
2.8E+04
nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
9.0E+04
9.0E+04
nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1/15/2016

15 of 18
e 4-15
mary of Risk Based Concentrations
cation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
REATIONAL FISHER - OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL FISHER (ADULT)
n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion
Yes
Dermal Contact
Yes
Particulate Inhalation
No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation
No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical)
1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical)
1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: Risk Based Concentration not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
I Cancer
(mg/kg)
Final
(mg/kg)
Basis
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.3E+08
1.3E+08 nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
5.2E+04
5.2E+04 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
9.6E+03
1.5E+04 9.6E+03 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
2.6E+07
2.6E+07 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
2.6E+05
2.6E+05 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
2.6E+07
2.6E+07 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
2.3E+04
2.3E+04 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.9E+08
1.9E+08 nc
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
3.9E+05
1.8E+05 1.8E+05 c
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.9E+08
1.9E+08 nc
Cobalt
7440-484
3.9E+04
3.9E+04 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
5.2E+06
5.2E+06 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
9.1E+07
9.1E+07 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
8.0E+02 nc
Magnesium
7439-954
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.8E+07
1.8E+07 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
3.9E+04
3.9E+04 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
6.5E+05
6.5E+05 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.6E+06
2.6E+06 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
6.5E+05
6.5E+05 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
7.8E+07
7.8E+07 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.3E+03
1.3E+03 nc
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
6.5E+05
6.5E+05 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
3.9E+07
3.9E+07 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
2.1E+08
2.1E+08 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1/15/2016

16 of 18
Table 4-16
Summary of Risk Based Concentrations
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water
OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL FISHER - RECREATIONAL FISHER (ADULT)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion No
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalat No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available; remedial not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
Non -Cancer
(mg/L)
Cancer
I (mg/L)
Final
I (mg/L)
Basis
Aluminum
7429-90-5
5.6E+04
5.6E+04 nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
3.4E+00
3.4E+00 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.7E+01 2.6E+01
1.7E+01 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
7.8E+02
7.8E+02 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
7.8E-01
7.8E-01 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
1.1E+04
1.1E+04 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.4E+00
1.4E+00 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.1E+03
1.1E+03 nc
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
2.1E+00 9.8E-01
9.8E-01 c
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.1E+03
1.1E+03 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
4.2E+01
4.2E+01 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
2.2E+03
2.2E+03 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
3.9E+04
3.9E+04 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
1.5E-02 nc
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
3.1 E+02
3.1 E+02 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.2E+00
1.2E+00 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
2.8E+02
2.8E+02 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.2E+02
2.2E+02 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
2.8E+02
2.8E+02 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
3.4E+04
3.4E+04 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
NA
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
7.3E+00
7.3E+00 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
2.8E+04
2.8E+04 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
9.0E+04
9.0E+04 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1/15/2016

17 of 18
Table 4-17
Summary of Risk Based Concentrations
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Biota
Off -Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - RECREATIONAL
(ADULT AND ADOLESCENT)
Exposure Routes Evall.
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Ingestion
Duke Energy
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical)
Target Cancer Risk(per Chemical
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index BCF - Bioconcentration Factor [a] - Cancer -based RBCs incorporates ADAF of 3 for z
c - Risk Based Concentration based on cam NA - no toxicitv value available: Risk Based Concentration not calculat Surface water RBC = Fish Tissue RBC / BCF
Risk Based Concentration - Fish Tissue
Lowest
Non-
Lowest
Cancer
BCF
Risk Based Concentration - Si
Adult
Adolescent
Non -Cancer
Cancer
Final
Basis
Non -Cancer
Cancer
Final
Basis
Non -Cancer
Cancer
Final
COPC CASRN
Cancer
RBC
(unitless)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
RBC Value
Value
(mg/L)
(mg/kg)
(mg/L)
Aluminum
7429-9U-5
4.6E+03
4.6E+03
nc
5.8E+0:3
5.8E+03
nc
4.bE+U3
2.1
1.[E+U3
1.[E+U3
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.8E+00
1.8E+00
nc
2.3E+00
2.3E+00
nc
1.8E+00
40
4.6E-02
4.6E-02
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.4E+00
2.1 E+00 1.4E+00
nc
1.7E+00
2.7E+00 1.7E+00
nc
1.4E+00 2.1 E+00
114
1.2E-02
1.8E-02 1.2E-02
Barium
7440-39-3
9.1 E+02
9.1 E+02
nc
1.2E+03
1.2E+03
nc
9.1 E+02
633
1.4E+00
1.4E+00
Beryllium
7440-41-7
9.1 E+00
9.1 E+00
nc
1.2E+01
1.2E+01
nc
9.1 E+00
62
1.5E-01
1.5E-01
Boron
7440-42-8
9.1 E+02
9.1 E+02
nc
1.2E+03
1.2E+03
nc
9.1 E+02
0.3
3.0E+03
3.0E+03
Cadmium
7440-43-9
4.6E+00
4.6E+00
nc
5.8E+00
5.8E+00
nc
4.6E+00
907
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
6.9E+03
6.9E+03
nc
8.7E+03
8.7E+03
nc
6.9E+03
19
3.6E+02
3.6E+02
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
1.4E+01
6.4E+00 6.4E+00
c
1.7E+01
2.7E+00 2.7E+00
c
2.7E+00 2.7E+00
NA
NA
NA NA
Chromium III
16065-83-1
6.9E+03
6.9E+03
nc
8.7E+03
8.7E+03
nc
6.9E+03
19
3.6E+02
3.6E+02
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1.4E+00
1.4E+00
nc
1.7E+00
1.7E+00
nc
1.4E+00
400
3.4E-03
3.4E-03
Copper
7440-50-8
1.8E+02
1.8E+02
nc
2.3E+02
2.3E+02
nc
1.8E+02
710
2.6E-01
2.6E-01
Iron
7439-89-6
3.2E+03
3.2E+03
nc
4.1E+03
4.1E+03
nc
3.2E+03
NA
NA
NA
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
NA
NA
0.1
3.9E+01
3.9E+01
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
6.4E+02
6.4E+02
nc
8.1E+02
8.1E+02
nc
6.4E+02
2.4
2.7E+02
2.7E+02
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.4E+00
1.4E+00
nc
1.7E+00
1.7E+00
nc
1.4E+00
4500
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
2.3E+01
2.3E+01
nc
2.9E+01
2.9E+01
nc
2.3E+01
NA
NA
NA
Nickel
7440-02-0
9.1 E+01
9.1 E+01
nc
1.2E+02
1.2E+02
nc
9.1 E+01
71
1.3E+00
1.3E+00
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
2.3E+01
2.3E+01
nc
2.9E+01
2.9E+01
nc
2.3E+01
1000
2.3E-02
2.3E-02
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
2.7E+03
2.7E+03
nc
3.5E+03
3.5E+03
nc
2.7E+03
30
9.1 E+01
9.1 E+01
Thallium
7440-28-0
4.6E-02
4.6E-02
nc
5.8E-02
5.8E-02
nc
4.6E-02
190
2.4E-04
2.4E-04
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
2.3E+01
2.3E+01
nc
2.9E+01
2.9E+01
nc
2.3E+01
290
7.9E-02
7.9E-02
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.4E+03
1.4E+03
nc
1.7E+03
1.7E+03
nc
1.4E+03
2059
6.7E-01
6.7E-01
Nitrate
14797-55-8
7.3E+03
7.3E+03
nc
9.3E+03
9.3E+03
nc
7.3E+03
NA
NA
NA
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1/15/2016

18 of 18
mmary of Risk Based Concentrations
rivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Biota
-Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - SUBSISTENCE
)ULT AND CHILD)
man Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
ke Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Ingestion
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical)
COPC - chemical of potential concern
nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
BCF - Bioconcentration Factor
[a] - Cancer -based RBCs incorporates ADAF of 10 for child.
c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer
NA - no toxicity
value available; Risk Based Concentration not calculat,
Surface water RBC = Fish Tissue RBC / BCF
Risk Based
Concentration
- Fish
Tissue
Lowest
Risk Based Concentration
- Surface V1
Lowest
Adult
Child
Non-
BCF
Cancer
ased Concen
Cancer
Final
Basis
Non -Cancer
Cancer
Final
Basis
Non -Cancer
Cancer
Final
COPC CASRN
Cancer
(unitless)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
RBC Value
RBC Value
(mg/L)
(mg/kg)
(mg/L)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
4.7E+02
4.7E+02
nc
1.5E+02
1.5E+02
nc
1.5E+02
2.7
5.7E+01
5.7E+01
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.9E-01
1.9E-01
nc
6.1 E-02
6.1 E-02
nc
6.1 E-02
40
1.5E-03
1.5E-03
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.4E-01
2.2E-01 1.4E-01
nc
4.6E-02
1.2E-01
4.6E-02
nc
4.6E-02
1.2E-01
114
4.0E-04 1.1E-03
4.0E-04
Barium
7440-39-3
9.4E+01
9.4E+01
nc
3.1E+01
3.1E+01
nc
3.1E+01
633
4.8E-02
4.8E-02
Beryllium
7440-41-7
9.4E-01
9.4E-01
nc
3.1E-01
3.1E-01
nc
3.1E-01
62
4.9E-03
4.9E-03
Boron
7440-42-8
9.4E+01
9.4E+01
nc
3.1E+01
3.1E+01
nc
3.1E+01
0.3
1.0E+02
1.0E+02
Cadmium
7440-43-9
4.7E-01
4.7E-01
nc
1.5E-01
1.5E-01
nc
1.5E-01
907
1.7E-04
1.7E-04
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
7.1E+02
7.1E+02
nc
2.3E+02
2.3E+02
nc
2.3E+02
19
1.2E+01
1.2E+01
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
1.4E+00
6.6E-01 6.6E-01
c
4.6E-01
3.6E-02
3.6E-02
c
4.6E-01
3.6E-02
NA
NA NA
NA
Chromium III
16065-83-1
7.1E+02
7.1E+02
nc
2.3E+02
2.3E+02
nc
2.3E+02
19
1.2E+01
1.2E+01
Cobalt
744048-4
1.4E-01
1.4E-01
nc
4.6E-02
4.6E-02
nc
4.6E-02
400
1.1E-04
1.1E-04
Copper
7440-50-8
1.9E+01
1.9E+01
nc
6.1E+00
6.1E+00
nc
6.1E+00
710
8.6E-03
8.6E-03
Iron
7439-89-6
3.3E+02
3.3E+02
nc
1.1E+02
1.1E+02
nc
1.1E+02
NA
NA
NA
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
NA
NA
0.1
4.0E+00
4.0E+00
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
6.6E+01
6.6E+01
nc
2.1E+01
2.1E+01
nc
2.1E+01
2.4
8.9E+00
8.9E+00
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.4E-01
1.4E-01
nc
4.6E-02
4.6E-02
nc
4.6E-02
4500
1.0E-05
1.0E-05
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
2.4E+00
2.4E+00
nc
7.7E-01
7.7E-01
nc
7.7E-01
NA
NA
NA
Nickel
7440-02-0
9.4E+00
9.4E+00
nc
3.1E+00
3.1E+00
nc
3.1E+00
71
4.3E-02
4.3E-02
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
2.4E+00
2.4E+00
nc
7.7E-01
7.7E-01
nc
7.7E-01
1000
7.7E-04
7.7E-04
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
2.8E+02
2.8E+02
nc
9.2E+01
9.2E+01
nc
9.2E+01
30
3.1E+00
3.1E+00
Thallium
7440-28-0
4.7E-03
4.7E-03
nc
1.5E-03
1.5E-03
nc
1.5E-03
190
8.1E-06
8.1E-06
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
2.4E+00
2.4E+00
nc
7.7E-01
7.7E-01
nc
7.7E-01
290
2.6E-03
2.6E-03
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.4E+02
1.4E+02
nc
4.6E+01
4.6E+01
nc
4.6E+01
2059
2.2E-02
2.2E-02
Nitrate
14797-55-8
7.5E+02
7.5E+02
nc
2.4E+02
2.4E+02
nc
2.4E+02
NA
NA
NA
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1/15/2016

Attachments

Page 1 of 5
Particulate to Outdoor Air EPC Calculations
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Soil
ON -SITE TRESPASSER -ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
EQUATIONS:
EPCIEARTicuuaEl = EPCIsoa1 x PARTICULATEIAlm x 1 E-06 [kg/mg]
where:
PARTICULATEIAiR1= (1IPEF * 1 E+09 ug/kg) or Measured/Modelled
and:
PEF (m3/kg) = Q1C x [(3600 slhr) / ((0.036 x (1-V) x (Um7Ur)3 x F(x))]
PARAMETER/DEFINITION
UNITS
DEFAULT
Source
PARTICULATEIari / Particulate concentration in air
ug/m
0.03279
Calculated or measured
Measured or modeled PARTICULATEIA,RI
ug/m3
Measured value
PEF / Particulate emission factor
m3/kg
Guidance value
PEF / Particulate emission factor
m3/kg
3.05E+10
Calculated here
Q/C / inverse of the mean concentration at the center of a 0.5-acre-square source
g/m'-s per kg/m3
36.80
Calculated / USEPA, 2014
V / Fraction of vegetative cover
unitless
0.5
Site -specific, estimated
Um / mean annual windspeed
m/s
3.44
Site -specific / USEPA, 2014
U, / equivalent threshold value of wind speed at 7 m
m/s
11.32
USEPA, 2014
F(x) / function dependant on U,,,/Ut derived using Cowherd at al. (1985)
unitless
8.60E-03
Calculated / USEPA, 2014
USEPA, 2014. Regional Screening Levels.
Climactic zone: Phoenix Arizona Area of Source: Specific to size of Exposure Area
CASRN
COPC
EPC Soil
(mg/kg)
EPC Particulate
(ug/m')
7429-90-5
Aluminum
1
3.3E-08
7440-36-0
Antimony
1
3.3E-08
7440-38-2
Arsenic
1
3.3E-08
7440-39-3
Barium
1
3.3E-08
7440-41-7
Beryllium
1
3.3E-08
744042-8
Boron
1
3.3E-08
7440-43-9
Cadmium
1
3.3E-08
7440-70-2
Calcium
1
3.3E-08
7440-47-3
Chromium, Total
1
3.3E-08
16065-83-1
Chromium III
1
3.3E-08
7440484
Cobalt
1
3.3E-08
7440-50-8
Copper
1
3.3E-08
7439-89-6
Iron
1
3.3E-08
7439-92-1
Lead
1
3.3E-08
7439-954
Magnesium
1
3.3E-08
7439-96-5
Manganese
1
3.3E-08
7439-97-6
Mercury
1
3.3E-08
7439-98-7
Molybdenum
1
3.3E-08
7440-02-0
Nickel
1
3.3E-08
7440-09-7
Potassium
1
3.3E-08
1/8/2016

Page 2 of 5
Attachment A - Table 4-1
Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Soil
ON -SITE TRESPASSER -ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16)
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes
Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
NC - not carcinogenic by this emosure route NV - not volatile EC - emosure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration
NTV - no toxicity value available
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ASS - absorption factor
UR - cancer unit risk
COPC - chemical
of potential concern
Intake Calculations
Absorption
Factors
Cancer
Toxicity Values
COPC
CASRN
Intakelpgpsdpp
(mg/kg/day)
DAD-..,
(mg/kg/day)
ECpp
(uglirrm�wp�p
EC_P.
(ug/m')
ABSING
(unitless)
ABSd
(unitless)
CSFprpl
(mg/kg/day)-'
CSFd1
e,,,,,
(mg/kg/day)-'
IUR
(ug/m3)-'
RBCln—timn
RISC—­1
RBCppnmpl_
RBC„ppp,
RBC_.j
Aluminum
7429-90-5
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Antimony
7440-36-0
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Arsenic
7440-38-2
2.4E-08
3.8E-09
4.8E-11
NE
0.6
0.03
1.5E+00 1.5E+00
4.3E-03
2.8E+03
1.8E+04
4.8E+08
NE
2.4E+03
Barium
7440-39-3
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Beryllium
7440-41-7
NC
NC
4.8E-11
NE
NC
NC
2.4E-03
NC
NC
8.7E+08
NE
8.7E+08
Boron
7440-42-8
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
INC
NE
Cadmium
7440-43-9
NC
NC
4.8E-11
NE
NC
NC
1.8E-03
NC
NC
1.2E+09
NE
1.2E+09
Calcium
7440-70-2
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
INC
NC
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Chromium III
16065-83-1
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Cobalt
7440-48-4
NC
NC
4.8E-11
NE
NC
NC
9.0E-03
NC
NC
2.3E+08
NE
2.3E+08
Copper
7440-50-8
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Iron
7439-89-6
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Lead
7439-92-1
NC
NC
NC
NE
1
NC
NC
NC
NE
Magnesium
7439-954
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Mercury
7439-97-6
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Nickel
7440-02-0
NC
NC
4.8E-11
NE
NC
NC
2.4E-04
NC
NC
8.7E+09
NE
8.7E+09
Potassium
7440-09-7
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Sodium
7440-23-5
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Thallium
7440-28-0
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Zinc
7440-66-6
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Nitrate
14797-55-8
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
1/8/2016

Page 3 of 5
Attachment A - Table 4-1
Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Soil
ON -SITE TRESPASSER -ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-e16)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
NV - not volatile
EC - exposure concentration
RfD - reference dose
RBC - risk based concentration
COPC - chemical of potential Concern
NTV - no toxicity value available
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ABS - absorption
factor
RfC - reference concentration
Intake Calculations
Absorption Factors
Non -Cancer
Toxicity Values
Intake)„„t
(mg/kg/clay)"
DADder-
(mg/kg/day)
ECp„t;cuo
(mg/m3)
EC-P.,
(mg1m3)
ABSING
(unitless)
ABSds
(unities
RfD«I
(mglkg/day)
RfDd,.,l
(mg/kg/day)
RfC
(m
COPC CASRN
RBCI,,tp,
RBCd,,,1
RBCpd;cuo
RBC__
RBCa,i
Aluminum
7429-90-5
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
1.0E+00
1.0E+00
5.0E-03
3.6E+06
1.5E+10
NE
3.6E+06
Antimony
7440-36-0
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
4.0E-04
6.0E-05
1.4E+03
NTV
NE
1.4E+03
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.7E-07
2.7E-08
3.4E-13
NE
0.6
0.03
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1.5E-05
1.8E+03
1.1E+04
4.5E+07
NE
1.5E+03
Barium
7440-39-3
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
2.0E-01
1.4E-02
5.0E-04
7.1E+05
1.5E+09
NE
7.1E+05
Beryllium
7440-41-7
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
2.0E-03
1.4E-05
2.0E-05
7.1E+03
5.9E+07
NE
7.1E+03
Boron
7440-42-8
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-02
7.1E+05
5.9E+10
NE
7.1E+05
Cadmium
7440-43-9
2.8E-07
8.9E-10
3.4E-13
NE
1
0.001
1.0E-03
2.5E-05
2.0E-05
3.6E+03
2.8E+04
5.9E+07
NE
3.2E+03
Calcium
7440-70-2
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NTV
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
5.4E+06
NTV
NE
5.4E+06
Chromium III
16065-83-1
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
5.4E+06
NTV
NE
5.4E+06
Cobalt
7440-48-4
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
6.0E-06
1.1E+03
1.8E+07
NE
1.1E+03
Copper
7440-50-8
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
4.0E-02
4.0E-02
1.4E+05
NTV
NE
1.4E+05
Iron
7439-89-6
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
7.0E-01
7.0E-01
2.5E+06
NTV
NE
2.5E+06
Lead
7439-92-1
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NTV
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NTV
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
1.4E-01
5.6E-03
5.0E-05
5.0E+05
1.5E+08
NE
5.0E+05
Mercury
7439-97-6
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
3.0E-04
2.1E-05
3.0E-04
1.1E+03
8.9E+08
NE
1.1E+03
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
1.8E+04
NTV
NE
1.8E+04
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
2.0E-02
8.0E-04
9.0E-05
7.1E+04
2.7E+08
NE
7.1E+04
Potassium
7440-09-7
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NTV
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
2.0E-02
1.8E+04
5.9E+10
NE
1.8E+04
Sodium
7440-23-5
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NTV
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
6.0E-01
6.0E-01
2.1E+06
NTV
NE
2.1E+06
Thallium
7440-28-0
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
1.0E-05
1.0E-05
3.6E+01
NTV
NE
3.6E+01
Titanium
7440-32-6
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NTV
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
5.0E-03
1.3E-04
1.0E-04
1.8E+04
3.0E+08
NE
1.8E+04
Zinc
7440-66-6
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
1.1E+06
NTV
NE
1.1E+06
Nitrate
14797-55-8
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
1.6E+00
1.6E+00
5.7E+06
NTV
NE
5.7E+06
Sulfide
18496-25-8
2.8E-07
3.4E-13
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NTV
NE
1/8/2016

Page 4 of 5
Attachment A - Table 4-1
Risk Based Concentration Summary
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Soil
ON -SITE TRESPASSER - ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
concern
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion
Yes
Dermal Contact
Yes
Particulate Inhalation
Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation
No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical)
1 E+00
Taraet Cancer Risk (per Chemical)
1 E-04
nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; remedial goal not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
I Cancer
(mg/kg)
Final
(mg/kg)
Basis
Aluminum
/42U-JU-b
3.bL+Ub
3.bL+Ub nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.4E+03
1.4E+03 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.5E+03
2.4E+03
1.5E+03 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
7.1E+05
7.1E+05 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
7.1E+03
8.7E+08
7.1E+03 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
7.1 E+05
7.1 E+05 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
3.2E+03
1.2E+09
3.2E+03 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
5.4E+06
5.4E+06 nc
Chromium III
16065-83-1
5.4E+06
5.4E+06 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1.1 E+03
2.3E+08
1.1E+03 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
1.4E+05
1.4E+05 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
2.5E+06
2.5E+06 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
5.0E+05
5.0E+05 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.1 E+03
1.1E+03 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
1.8E+04
1.8E+04 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
7.1 E+04
8.7E+09
7.1 E+04 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
1.8E+04
1.8E+04 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
2.1E+06
2.1E+06 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
3.6E+01
3.6E+01 nc
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.8E+04
1.8E+04 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.1 E+06
1.1E+06 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
5.7E+06
5.7E+06 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1 /8/2016

Page 5 of 5
Table 4.1
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Total Risk Based Concentration
1
RBCrotal =
[(1/RBC1ngest1or) + (1/RBCd1ona) + (1/RBCpa) + (1/RBC ap)]
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC;ngeat;on= TR / Intakeag* CSF
[EPC]aon * IR * ABSINO * FI * EF * ED * C1
Intakeng (age group,)= BW. * ATIff uma
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCden aI = TR / DAD * CSF
DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED
DADdern (age group ,)=
BW. * ATlrcauma
DAEvent = [EPC]ag;I * ABSd * AF * C1
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
THI
RBC,ngeanoo=
Intakeng / RfD
Intakeng = [EPC]aaI * IR * ABSIng * FI * EF * ED * C1
BW*AT
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCden„aI= THI
DAD / RfD
DADder. = DAE„ent * SA * EV * EF * ED
BW * AT
DAEvant = [EPC]ag;I * ABSd * AF * C1
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC;nhalauor, = TR / ECoan * IUR
ECoan (age _ [EPC]PART * ETPan * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]vAPoR * ETvep * EF * ED
g g oup.)- 24 * AT
Ircauma
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBClnhalanon= THI
ECno / RfC
ECno = [EPC]PART * ETPan * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPCI.POR * ETvap* EF * ED * C2
24 * AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
(mg/kg-day)-'
IUR
Chemical specific
(ug/m')-'
Intake
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
ECoan
Age/chemical specific
(ug/m')
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
unitless
RfD
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
RfC
Chemical specific
(mg/m')
DAD
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
DAE-nt
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/cm2-event
ECno
Age/chemical specific
mg/ma
HQ
Age/chemical specific
unitless
[EPC]ao;I
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/kg
[EPC]PART
Attachment A- TABLE
Attachment A- TABLE
ug/m'
EPC
[ ]VAPOR
Attachment A- TABLE
Attachment A- TABLE
ug/m'
ABS;ng
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
ABSd
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
BW
44
44
kg
EF
45
45
day/year
ED
10
10
year
AT
3650
day
ATlifetime
25550
day
IR
100
100
mg/day
FI
1
1
unitless
C1
0.000001
0.000001
kg/mg
SA
3160
3160
cm2
AF
0.1
0.1
mg/cm2
EV
1
1
event/day
ETPart
2
2
hours/day
C2
0.001
0.001
mg/ug
ETVap
8
8
hours/day
1 /8/2016

Page 1 of 4
ant A - Table 4-1
to to Outdoor Air EPC Calculations
n of Risked Based Concentrations - Soil
TRESPASSER -ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16)
In Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
= EPC[so,L] x PARTICULATEtAiRI x 1 E-06 [kg/mg]
LATEIAiRI = (1/PEF * 1E+09 ug/kg) or Measured/Modelled
(m'/kg) = O/C x [(3600 s/hr) / ((0.036 x (1-V) x (Um/Ur)' x F(x) )]
METER/DEFINITION
UNITS
DEFAULT
Source
PARTICULATEIarI / Particulate concentration in air
ug/m
0.03
Calculated or measured
Measured or modeled PARTICULATEIAiRI
ug/m3
Measured value
PEF / Particulate emission factor
m'/kg
PEF / Particulate emission factor
m3/kg
3.05E+10
Calculated here
Q/C / inverse of the mean concentration at the center of a 0.5-acre-square source
g/m2-s per kg/m'
36.8
USEPA, 2014
V / Fraction of vegetative cover
unitless
0.5
USEPA, 2014
Um / mean annual windspeed
m/s
3.44
USEPA, 2014
U, / equivalent threshold value of wind speed at 7 m
m/s
11.32
USEPA, 2014
F(x) / function dependant on Um/U, derived using Cowherd et al. (1985)
unitless
8.60E-03
USEPA, 2014
USEPA, 2014. Regional Screening Levels. Climactic region: Raleigh, NC; Site Area: 30 acres
CASRN COPC EPC Soil EPC Particulate
(mg/kg) I (uglm')
18540-29-9 Chromium VI (hexavalent) 1 3.3E-08

Page 2 of 4
Attachment A - Table 4-1
Risk Based Concentrations -Cancer-Based
Derivation of Risked Based Concentrations - Soil
ON -SITE TRESPASSER -ADOLESCENT (AGE6-<16)
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes
Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04
NC - not carcinooenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration
NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potential concern
Intake Calculations Absorption Factors iMutagenici
Cancer Toxici Values
COPC CASRN EPC Soil Intakei„s„ne„ DADa..a ECwnmm+r. EC�,,.r AB$ING ABSa MOA? CSFo,+i CSFa„m,i IUR RBCinase.n RBCd„m,i RBCo,nmm+r. RBC„,p„ RBCmmi
(mglkg) (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (ug/m') (ug/m') (unitless) (unitless) (mg/kglday)' (mglkg/day)'' (uglm)-'
Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.0E+00 1.2E-07 FALSE 1.4E-10 NE 1 Y 5.0E-01 2.0E+01 8.4E-02 1.7E+03 8.2E+06 NE 1.7E+03
1/8/2016

Page 3 of 4
Attachment A - Table 4-1
Risk Based Concentrations - Non -Cancer -Based
Derivation of Risked Based Concentrations - Soil
ON -SITE TRESPASSER - ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16)
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes
Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
TaRBCet Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - risk based concentration COPC - chemical of Dotential concern
NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dennally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration
Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values
COPC CASRN EPC Soil Intake;ns„�;on DADa„m,i ECt„h;�„„„ EC,,.np, ABSING ABSa RfDo„ i RfDa„m,i RfC RBC;s„r;o„ RBCa,,,,,,i RBCpar;�„„ re RBCx,np, RBCrpr,i
(mg/kg) (mglkglday) (mglkglday) (mglm') (mglm') (unitless) (unities (mglkglday) (mglkglday) (mglm')
Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.0E+00 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 3.0E-03 7.5E-05 1.0E-04 1.1E+04 3.0E+08 NE 1.1E+04
1/8/2016

Page 4 of 4
Attachment A - Table 4.1
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Total Risk Based Concentration
1
RBCrotal =
[(1 /RBCingestlor) + (1 /RBCdarma) + (1 /RBCpan) + (1 /RBCvap)]
Cancer -Based Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC,,,gaat;o = TR / Intakgng* CSF
[EPC]aon *[IFSadj - OR - IFSM] * ABSING * FI * EF * C1
Intakeng (age group.)= BW. * AT
Ircauma
Cancer -Based Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCdarn,al = TR / DAD * CSF
DADdarmiagagroup.)= DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED
BW. * ATlneaa,e
DAEvent = [EPC]an;I * [DFSadj - OR - DFSM] * C1
Cancer -Based Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC;nhalauon = TR / ECoan * IUR
ECoan (age [EPC]PART * ETPan * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]VAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED
g group _ 24 * AT
Ircauma
For muta ens, IHHM is used in place of ED
Noncancer-Based Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
THI
RBC;ngeet;on =
Intakengng / RfD
Intakeng = [EPC]aojI * IR * ABSIng * FI * EF * ED * C1
BW * AT
Noncancer-Based Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCden„aI= THI
DAD / RfD
DADdarn, = DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED
BW * AT
DAEvant = [EPC]ag;I * ABSd * AF * C1
Noncancer-Based Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC;nhalat;on= THI
ECno / RfC
ECno = [EPC]PART * ETPan * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPCI.POR * ETvap * EF * ED * C2
24 * AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
(mg/kg-day)-'
IUR
Chemical specific
(ug/m')-'
Intake
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
ECoan
Age/chemical specific
(ug/m')
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
unitless
RfD
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
RfC
Chemical specific
(mg/m')
DAD
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
DAE-ut
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/cm2-event
ECno
Age/chemical specific
mg/rn'
HQ
Age/chemical specific
unitless
[EPC]aaI
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/kg
[EPC]PART
Attachment A - TABLE 4-1
Attachment A - TABLE 4-1
ug/m'
[EPC]VAPOR
-----NOT USED-----
-----NOT USED-----
ug/m'
ABS;ng
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
ABSd
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
BW
NA
44
kg
EF
45
45
day/year
ED
10
10
year
AT
--
3650
day
ATlifetime
25550
--
day
IFSadj
23
mg-yr/kg-day
IFSM
68
--
mg-yr/kg-day
IR
NA
100
mg/day
FI
1
1
unitless
C1
0.000001
0.000001
kg/mg
SA
NA
3160
cm2
AF
NA
0.1
mg/cm2
EV
1
1
event/day
DFSadj
72
--
mg-yr/kg-day
DFSM
215
--
mg-yr/kg-day
ETPart
2
2
hours/day
C2
0.001
0.001
mg/ug
ETVap
2
2
ug/mg
WHIM
2700
unitless
1 /8/2016

Page 1 of 4
:hment B - Table 4-2
Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
,ation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
;ITE TRESPASSER - ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16)
an Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04
NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route
NV - not volatile
EC - eposure concentration
CSF - cancer slope factor
RBC - Risk Based Concentration
NTV - no towcity value available
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ABS - absorption factor
UR - cancer unit risk
COPC - chemical of potential concern
Intake Calculations
Absorption Factors
Cancer
Toxicity Values
Intake;n,„u„
(mglkglday)
DAD--
(mglkglday)
EC,,,W,re
(ug/m')
EC,,,p«
(uglm')
(ABS,..
unitless)
ABSa
(unitless)
CSF«,i
(mglkglday)-'
CSF—..'
(mg/kg,
IUR
(uglin
COPC CASRN
RBCi„a„rbn
RBCa .,i
RBCmn ,i,r,
RBC,,,,,
RBCrorai
Aluminum
7429-90-5
INC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
INC
NC
NE
NE
Antimony
7440-36-0
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Arsenic
7440-38-2
2.4E-09
4.6E-09
NE
NE
0.6
0.03
1.5E+00 1.5E+00
4.3E-03
2.8E+04
1.5E+04
NE
NE 9.5E+03
Barium
7440-39-3
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Beryllium
7440-41-7
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
2.4E-03
NC
NC
NE
NE
Boron
7440-42-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Cadmium
7440-43-9
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
1.8E-03
NC
NC
NE
NE
Calcium
7440-70-2
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
INC
NC
NE
NE
Chromium III
16065-83-1
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Cobalt
7440-48-4
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
9.0E-03
NC
NC
NE
NE
Copper
7440-50-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Iron
7439-89-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Lead
7439-92-1
NC
NC
NE
NE
1
NC
NC
NE
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Mercury
7439-97-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Nickel
7440-02-0
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
2.4E-04
NC
NC
NE
NE
Potassium
7440-09-7
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Sodium
7440-23-5
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Thallium
7440-28-0
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Zinc
7440-66-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Nitrate
14797-55-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
1/8/2016

Page 2 of 4
Attachment B - Table 4-2
Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
ON -SITE TRESPASSER -ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16)
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Duke Energy
Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
NV -not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - Risk Based Concentration COPC - chemical of potential concern
NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration
Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values
COPC CASRN I Intake;n-timn I DADd,rmal EC„m,m,t, EC-P. ABSING ABSa RfD,r,i RfDd,rm,i RfC RBC;noe n RBCde--I RBC., ..„„ RBC,,,,,,, RBCto„I
(mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (mglm3) (mg/m') (unitless) (unities (mg/kglday) (mglkg/day) (mg/m')
Aluminum
7429-90-5
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
1.0E+00
1.0E+00
5.0E-03
3.6E+07
NE
NE
3.6E+07
Antimony
7440-36-0
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
4.0E-04
6.0E-05
1.4E+04
NE
NE
1.4E+04
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.7E-08 3.2E-08
NE
NE
0.6
0.03 3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1.5E-05
1.8E+04
9.3E+03
NE
NE
6.1E+03
Barium
7440-39-3
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
2.0E-01
1.4E-02
5.0E-04
7.1E+06
NE
NE
7.1E+06
Beryllium
7440-41-7
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
2.0E-03
1.4E-05
2.0E-05
7.1E+04
NE
NE
7.1E+04
Boron
7440-42-8
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-02
7.1E+06
NE
NE
7.1E+06
Cadmium
7440-43-9
2.8E-08 1.1E-09
NE
NE
1
0.001 1.0E-03
2.5E-05
2.0E-05
3.6E+04
2.3E+04
NE
NE
1.4E+04
Calcium
7440-70-2
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
5.4E+07
NE
NE
5.4E+07
Chromium III
16065-83-1
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
5.4E+07
NE
NE
5.4E+07
Cobalt
7440-48-4
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
6.0E-06
1.1E+04
NE
NE
1.1E+04
Copper
7440-50-8
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
4.0E-02
4.0E-02
1.4E+06
NE
NE
1.4E+06
Iron
7439-89-6
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
7.0E-01
7.0E-01
2.5E+07
NE
NE
2.5E+07
Lead
7439-92-1
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
1.4E-01
5.6E-03
5.0E-05
5.0E+06
NE
NE
5.0E+06
Mercury
7439-97-6
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
3.0E-04
2.1E-05
3.0E-04
1.1E+04
NE
NE
1.1E+04
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
1.8E+05
NE
NE
1.8E+05
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
2.0E-02
8.0E-04
9.0E-05
7.1E+05
NE
NE
7.1E+05
Potassium
7440-09-7
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
2.0E-02
1.8E+05
NE
NE
1.8E+05
Sodium
7440-23-5
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
6.0E-01
6.0E-01
2.1E+07
NE
NE
2.1E+07
Thallium
7440-28-0
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
1.0E-05
1.0E-05
3.6E+02
NE
NE
3.6E+02
Titanium
7440-32-6
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
5.0E-03
1.3E-04
1.0E-04
1.8E+05
NE
NE
1.8E+05
Zinc
7440-66-6
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
1.1E+07
NE
NE
1.1E+07
Nitrate
14797-55-8
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
1.6E+00
1.6E+00
5.7E+07
NE
NE
5.7E+07
Sulfide
18496-25-8
2.8E-08
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
1/8/2016

Page 3 of 4
Attachment B - Table 4-2
Risk Based Concentration Summary
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
ON -SITE TRESPASSER -ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
concern
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion
Yes
Dermal Contact
Yes
Particulate Inhalation
No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation
No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical)
1 E+00
Taraet Cancer Risk (per Chemical)
1 E-04
nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; Risk Based Concentration not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
I Cancer
(mg/kg)
Final
(mg/kg)
Basis
Aluminum
/42U-JU-b
3.bL+Uf
3.bL+ut nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.4E+04
1.4E+04 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
6.1E+03
9.5E+03 6.1E+03 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
7.1E+06
7.1E+06 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
7.1E+04
7.1E+04 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
7.1 E+06
7.1 E+06 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.4E+04
1.4E+04 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
5.4E+07
5.4E+07 nc
Chromium III
16065-83-1
5.4E+07
5.4E+07 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1.1 E+04
1.1E+04 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
1.4E+06
1.4E+06 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
2.5E+07
2.5E+07 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
5.0E+06
5.0E+06 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.1 E+04
1.1E+04 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
1.8E+05
1.8E+05 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
7.1 E+05
7.1 E+05 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
1.8E+05
1.8E+05 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
2.1E+07
2.1E+07 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
3.6E+02
3.6E+02 nc
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.8E+05
1.8E+05 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.1 E+07
1.1E+07 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
5.7E+07
5.7E+07 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1 /8/2016

Page 4 of 4
Table 4.2
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Total Risk Based Concentration
RBC1 r 1=
[(1 /RBC;ngaamn) + (1 /RBCda na) + (1 /RBCpa) + (1 /RBC ap)]
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC;ngaanon= TR / Intakeng* CSF
[EPC]aol; * IR * ABSING * FI * EF * ED * C1
Intakeng (age group,)= BW. * ATIff uroa
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCdan a; = TR / DAD * CSF
DADderro(agegroup,)= DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED
BW. * ATIburre
DAE—t = [EPC].,, * ABSd * AF * C1
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC;ngaanon= THI
Intakeng / RfD
Intakeng = [EPC]aou * IR * ABS;ng * FI * EF * ED * C1
BW * AT
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCd... I= THI
DAD / RfD
DADdar,n = DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED
BW * AT
DAE—t = [EPC]aa;I * ABSd * AF * C1
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBClnhalatlon = TR / ECoan * IUR
ECoan (age [EPC]PART * ETPad * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]vAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED
(s group •)— _ 24 * AT
urearoe
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
THI
RBC;nnaladon=
ECno / RfC
ECnu, = [EPC]PART * ETPa,t * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPC]vAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED * C2
24 *AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
(mg/kg-day)-'
IUR
Chemical specific
(ug/m')-'
Intake
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
EC.an
Age/chemical specific
(ug/m')
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
unitless
RfD
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
RfC
Chemical specific
(mg/m')
DAD
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
DAE-nt
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/cm2-event
ECno
Age/chemical specific
mg/m'
HQ
Age/chemical specific
unitless
[EPC]ao;I
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/kg
[EPC]PART
Attachment B - TABLE
Attachment B - TABLE
ug/m'
[EPC]vAPOR
Attachment B - TABLE
Attachment B - TABLE
ug/m'
ABS;ng
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
ABSd
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
BW
44
44
kg
EF
45
45
day/year
ED
10
10
year
AT
3650
day
ATlifetime
25550
day
IR
10
10
mg/day
FI
1
1
unitless
C1
0.000001
0.000001
kg/mg
SA
3820
3820
cm2
AF
0.1
0.1
mg/cm2
EV
1
1
event/day
ETPart
2
2
hours/day
C2
0.001
0.001
mg/ug
ETVap
8
8
hours/day
1 /8/2016

Page 1 of 4
Attachment B - Table 4-2
Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
ON -SITE TRESPASSER - ADOLESCENT (AGE 6 - <16)
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes
Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04
NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration
NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potential concern
Intake Calculations Absorption Factors IMutagenici
Cancer Toxici Values
COPC CASRN EPC Soil Intakei„s„ne„ DADa..a ECwnmm+r. EC�,,.r ABSING ABSa MOA? CSFo,+i CSFa„m,i IUR RBCina„n.. RBCa.rm,i RBCo,nmm+r. RBC.+wr RBCmmi
(mglkg) (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (ug/m') (ug/m') (unitless) (unitless) (mg/kglday)' (mglkg/day)'' (uglm)-'
Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.0E+00 1.2E-08 FALSE NE NE 1 Y 5.0E-01 2.0E+01 8.4E-02 1.7E+04 NE NE 1.7E+04
1/6/2016

Page 2 of 4
Attachment B - Table 4-2
Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
ON -SITE TRESPASSER - ADOLESCENT (AGE 6 - <16)
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes
Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - risk based concentration COPC - chemical of Dotential concern
NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dennally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration
Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values
COPC CASRN EPC Soil Intakes„�;o„ DADa„m,i ECt„h;�„„„ EC,,.np, ABSING ABSa RfDo„ i RfDa„m,i RfC RBC;s„r;o„ RBCa,,,,,,i RBCpar;�„„ re RBCx,np, RBCrpr,i
(mg/kg) (mglkglday) (mglkglday) (mglm') (mglm') (unitless) (unities (mglkglday) (mglkglday) (mglm')
Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.0E+00 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 3.0E-03 7.5E-05 1.0E-04 1.1E+05 NE NE 1.1E+OS
1/6/2016

Page 3 of 4
Based Concentration Summary
ation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
ITE TRESPASSER - ADOLESCENT (AGE 6 - <16)
man Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
ke Energy
COPC - chemical of potential concern
c - risk based concentration based on EPCs
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion
Yes
Dermal Contact
Yes
Particulate Inhalation
No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation
No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical)
1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical)
1 E-04
nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
NA - no toxicity value available; Risk Based Concentration not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
Cancer
(mg/kg)
Final
(mg/kg)
Basis
Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.1E+05 1.7E+04 1.7E+04 c
1 /6/2016

Page 4 of 4
Attachment B - Table 4.2
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Total Risk Based Concentration
1
RBCrotal =
[(1 /RBCingestlor) + (1 /RBCdarna) + (1 /RBCpan) + (1 /RBCvap)]
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC,,,gaat;o = TR / Intakeng* CSF
[EPC]aon *[IFSadj - OR - IFSM] * ABSING * FI * EF * C1
Intakeng (age group.)= BW. * AT
Ircauma
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCdarn,al = TR / DAD * CSF
DADdarmiagagmup.)= DAEvant * SA * EV * EF * ED
BW. * ATlneame
DAEvent = [EPC]ao;I * [DFSadj - OR - DFSM] * C1
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC;nhalauon = TR / ECoan * IUR
ECoan (age [EPC]PART * ETPan * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]VAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED
g group _ 24 * AT
Ircauma
For muta ens, IHHM is used in place of ED
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
THI
RBC;ngeet;on =
Intakemgn9 / RfD
Intakeng = [EPC]aojI * IR * ABSIng * FI * EF * ED * C1
BW * AT
Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCden aI= THI
DAD / RfD
DADda,n, = DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED
BW * AT
DAEvant = [EPC]ao;I * ABSd * AF * C1
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC;nhalat;on= THI
ECno / RfC
ECno = [EPC]PART * ETPan * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPCI.POR * ETVap * EF * ED * C2
24 * AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
(mg/kg-day)-'
IUR
Chemical specific
(ug/m')-'
Intake
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
ECoan
Age/chemical specific
(ug/m')
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
unitless
RfD
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
RfC
Chemical specific
(mg/m')
DAD
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
DAE-ut
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/cm2-event
ECno
Age/chemical specific
mg/rn'
HQ
Age/chemical specific
unitless
[EPC]aaI
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/kg
[EPC]PART
-----NOT USED-----
-----NOT USED-----
ug/m'
[EPC]VAPOR
-----NOT USED-----
-----NOT USED-----
ug/m'
ABS;ng
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
ABSd
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
BW
NA
44
kg
EF
45
45
day/year
ED
10
10
year
AT
--
3650
day
ATlifetime
25550
--
day
IFSadj
2
mg-yr/kg-day
IFSM
7
--
mg-yr/kg-day
IR
NA
10
mg/day
FI
1
1
unitless
C1
0.000001
0.000001
kg/mg
SA
NA
3820
cm2
AF
NA
0.1
mg/cm2
EV
1
1
event/day
DFSadj
87
--
mg-yr/kg-day
DFSM
260
--
mg-yr/kg-day
ETPart
2
2
hours/day
C2
0.001
0.001
mg/ug
ETVap
2
2
ug/mg
WHIM
2700
unitless
1 /6/2016

Page 1 of 4
Attachment C - Table 4-3
Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water
ON -SITE TRESPASSER -ADOLESCENT (AGE 6,16) Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes
Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04
NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration
NTV - no toxicity value avai
[(11RBC;nsa­)
+ (11RBCd. DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ASS - absorption factor
UR - cancer unit risk
COPC - chemical of potenital concern
Intake Calculations
Ta
water Dermal Parameters
Cancer Toxicity Values
COPC
CASRN
EPC
Intake;ng„r;,n
DP,�„n
DADde,n
ECwmr
B
i
t•
Kp
FA
In EPD?
CSF_
CSFd-1
IUR
RBC;ng u.n
RBCd.nn.i
RBC,,.o.r
RBCt
(mglL)
(mglkglday)
(mglkglday)
(mglkglday)
(uglm')
(unitless)
(hrlevent)
(hr)
(cmlhr)
(unitless)
(YIN)
(mglkglday)"'
(mglkg/day)"'
(uglm')"'
(mglL)
(mglL)
(mglL)
(mglL)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
2.0E-03
1.5E-01
3.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
4.2E-03
5.1E-01
1.2E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.00E-03
8.0E-09
2.0E-09
3.1E-09
NE
3.3E-03
2.8E-01
6.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.5E+00 1.5E+00
4.3E-03
8.3E+00
2.2E+01
NE
6.0E+00
Barium
7440.39-3
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
4.5E-03
6.2E-01
1.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Beryllium
7440-41-7
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
1.2E-03
1.2E-01
2.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.4E-03
NC
NC
NE
Boron
7440-42-8
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
1.4E-03
1.3E-01
3.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
4.1E-03
4.5E-01
1.1E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.8E-03
NC
NC
NE
Calcium
7440-70-2
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
1.2E-03
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
4.0E-04
1
Y
9.0E-03
NC
NC
NE
Copper
7440-50-8
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
3.1E-03
2.4E-01
5.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Iron
7439-89-6
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
2.9E-03
2.2E-01
5.2E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Lead
7439-92-1
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
5.5E-04
1.5E+00
3.7E+00
1.0E-04
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
2.9E-03
2.1E-01
5.1E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
5.4E-03
1.4E+00
3.4E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
3.8E-03
3.6E-01
8.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Nickel
7440-02-0
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
5.9E-04
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
2.0E-04
1
Y
2.4E-04
NC
NC
NE
Potassium
7440-09-7
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
2.0E-04
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
3.4E-03
2.9E-01
7.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Sodium
7440.23-5
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
6.0E-04
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
3.6E-03
3.3E-01
7.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Thallium
7440.28-0
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
5.5E-03
1.5E+00
3.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
2.7E-03
2.0E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
1.9E-03
2.4E-01
5.9E-01
6.0E-04
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
3.0E-03
2.3E-01
5.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Sulfide
18496-25-8
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
4.0E-04
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
1111/2016

Page 2 of 4
.hment C - Table 4-3
Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
ration of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water
IITE TRESPASSER - ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16)
an Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00
- chemical of Dotenital concern
NN - no toxicity value avai
[(1/RBC;nga­) + (1/RBCda,
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ASS - absorption
factor
RfC - reference concentration
Intake Calculations
Ta
water Dermal Parameters
Non -Cancer
Toxicit values
COPC
CASRN
EPC
Intake;nge,a,n
DAawn
DADae,n,,;
EC,,,o„
B
t'
Kp
PA
In EPD?
RfD„��
RfDae,n,,;
Ric
RBC;nge,a,n
RBCd-1
(mg/L)
(mg/kglday)
(mglkglday)
(mglkglday)
(mglm3)
(uni[less)
(hrlevent)
It*
(cmlhr)
(unitless)
(YIN)
(mglkg/day)
(mglkglday)
(mglm3)
(mglL)
(mglL)
(mglL)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
2.0E-09
2.1E-08
NE
2.0E-03
1.5E-01
3.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.0E+00
1.0E+00
5.0E-03
1.8E+04
4.7E+04
NE
1.3E+04
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
2.0E-09
2.1E-08
NE
4.2E-03
5.1E-01
1.2E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
4.0E-04
6.0E-05
7.1E+00
2.8E+00
NE
2.0E+00
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
2.0E-09
2.1E-08
NE
3.3E-03
2.8E-01
6.6E-01
1.0E-03
0.6
Y
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1.5E-05
5.4E+00
1.4E+01
NE
3.9E+00
Barium
7440-39-3
1.00E-03
5.6E-0
2.0E-09
2.1-0
NE
4.5E-03
6.2E-01
1.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.0E-01
1.4E-02
5.0E-04
3.6E+03
6.5E+02
NE
5.5E+02
7440-41-7
1.00E-03
60
5.E8
20E09
0Beryllium
21E8
NE
12E03
12E0
2.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.0E-03
1.4E-05
2.0E-05
36E01
6.5E-01
NE
6.4E-01
Boron
7440-42-8
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
2.0E-09
2.1E-08
NE
1.4E-03
1.3E-01
3.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-02
3.6E+03
9.3E+03
NE
2.6E+03
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
2.0E-09
2.1E-08
NE
4.1E-03
4.5E-01
1.1E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.0E-03
2.5E-05
2.0E-05
1.8E+01
1.2E+00
NE
1.1E+00
Calcium
7440-70-2
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
2.0E-09
2.1E-08
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NTV
NN
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
2.0E-09
2.1E-08
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
2.7E+04
9.1E+02
NE
8.8E+02
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
2.0E-09
2.1E-08
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
2.7E+04
9.1E+02
NE
8.8E+02
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
8.0E-10
8.6E-09
NE
1.2E-03
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
4.0E-04
1
Y
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
6.0E-06
5.4E+00
3.5E+01
NE
4.6E+00
Copper
7440-50-8
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
2.0E-09
2.1E-08
NE
3.1E-03
2.4E-01
5.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
4.0E-02
4.0E-02
7.1E+02
1.9E+03
NE
5.2E+02
Iron
7439-89-6
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
2.0E-09
2.1E-08
NE
2.9E-03
2.2E-01
5.2E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
7.0E-01
7.0E-01
1.2E+04
3.3E+04
NE
9.0E+03
Lead
7439-92-1
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
2.0E-10
2.1E-09
NE
5.5E-04
1.5E+00
3.7E+00
1.0E-04
1
Y
NN
NN
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
1.00E-03
5.6E-OS
2.0E-09
2.1E-08
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NN
NN
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
2.0E-09
2.1E-08
NE
2.9E-03
2.1E-01
5.1E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.4E-01
5.6E-03
5.0E-05
2.5E+03
2.6E+02
NE
2.4E+02
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
2.0E-09
2.1E-08
NE
5.4E-03
1.4E+00
3.4E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
3.0E-04
2.1E-05
3.0E-04
5.4E+00
9.8E-01
NE
8.3E-01
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
2.0E-09
2.1E-08
NE
3.BE-03
3.6E-01
8.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
8.9E+01
2.3E+02
NE
6.5E+01
Nickel
7440-02-0
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
4.0E-10
4.3E-09
NE
5.9E-04
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
2.0E-04
1
Y
2.0E-02
8.0E-04
9.0E-05
3.6E+02
1.9E+02
NE
1.2E+02
Potassium
7440-09-7
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
4.0E-10
4.3E-09
NE
2.0E-04
1
Y
NN
NN
NE
Selenium
778249-2
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
2.0E-09
2.1E-08
NE
3.4E-03
2.9E-01
7.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
2.0E-02
8.9E+01
2.3E+02
NE
6.5E+01
Sodium
7440-23-5
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
1.2E-09
1.3E-08
NE
6.0E-04
1
Y
NN
NN
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
2.0E-09
2.1E-08
NE
3.6E-03
3.3E-01
7.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
6.0E-01
6.0E-01
1.1E+04
2.8E+04
NE
7.7E+03
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
2.0E-09
2.1E-08
NE
5.5E-03
1.5E+00
3.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NN
NN
NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
2.0E-09
2.1E-08
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NN
NN
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
2.0E-09
2.1E-08
NE
2.7E-03
2.0E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-03
1.3E-04
1.0E-04
8.9E+01
6.1E+00
NE
5.7E+00
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
1.2E-09
1.3E-08
NE
1.9E-03
2.4E-01
5.9E-01
6.0E-04
1
Y
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
5.4E+03
2.3E+04
NE
4.4E+03
Nitrate
14797-SS8
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
2.0E-09
2.1E-08
NE
3.0E-03
2.3E-01
5.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.6E+00
1.6E+00
2.9E+04
7.5E+04
NE
2.1E+04
Sulfide
18496-258
1.00E-03
5.6E-08
7.9E-10
8.5E-09
NE
4.0E-04
1
Y
NN
NN
NE
111112016

Page 3 of 4
ttachment C - Table 4-3
isk Based Concentration Summary
arivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water
N-SITE TRESPASSER - ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16)
n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potenital concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - risk based concentration based , [0/RBC,nq.ti.n) + (1/RBCdermai NA - no toxicity value available; remedial not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/L)
Cancer
I (mg/L)
Final
I (mg/L)
Basis
Hiuminum
/4Zy-yU-b
1.it+U4
St+U4 nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
2.0E+00
2.0E+00 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
3.9E+00
6.0E+00 3.9E+00 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
5.5E+02
5.5E+02 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
6.4E-01
6.4E-01 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
2.6E+03
2.6E+03 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.1E+00
1.1E+00 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
8.8E+02
8.8E+02 nc
Chromium III
16065-83-1
8.8E+02
8.8E+02 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
4.6E+00
4.6E+00 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
5.2E+02
5.2E+02 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
9.0E+03
9.0E+03 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
2.4E+02
2.4E+02 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
8.3E-01
8.3E-01 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
6.5E+01
6.5E+01 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
1.2E+02
1.2E+02 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
6.5E+01
6.5E+01 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
7.7E+03
7.7E+03 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
NA
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
5.7E+00
5.7E+00 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
4.4E+03
4.4E+03 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
2.1 E+04
2.1 E+04 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1/11/2016

Page 4 of 4
Table 4-3
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Total Risk Based Concentration
RBC:,,= 1
[(1/RBCmge i.)+(1/RBCderm0+(1/RBC„ap)]
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
TR
RBCmge:gor =
Intake;., *CSF
[EPC].mt * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1
Intake;e, la,e,rouP x)= BW *AT;
i retjme
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration from Dermal Absorption
TR
RBCderm,; =
DADde,,,, * CSF
DADerm DAw'-„ t * SA * EV * EF * ED
d (age group x)=
ATrrerme
DAEm t= [EPC]_, * PCevent
Organic Compounds:
PCevent 2 * FA. KP , 6 • r •rTevent
TevenKt• _C2 4
Kp event /1+3B
PCeventTevenb=t* = FA * C2 * �1 + B )+ 2 * r * I 1 +3B' + B' )
( )
Inorganics Compounds:
Tevent
PCevent =
C2
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC1„haut1a = TR
EC_ *IUR
ECcm, [EPC]VAPOR* ETVap* EF * ED * C1
(ege gmuP xI _ - 24 * AT;;ferme
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC;,,geat;o„ = THI
Intake;,,, / RfD
Intake;, _ [EPC]water * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1
BW *AT
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
THI
RBCderma; =
DAD,,- / RfD
DAE„e„t * DFWadj
DADderm (age group x) =
AT;;terme
DAEm t= [EPC]_, * PCevent
Organic Compounds:
PCeventTevent<t• _ 2 * FA. Kp . 6 * r *rTevent
Kip event 1+3B+3B'
PCeventTevent =t* = FA * C2 * 1 + B -2— 1 + B
Inorganics Compounds:
Kp * Tevent
PCevent = C2
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC;,,ha;at;o„ = THI
ECn� / RfC
EC„� _ [EPC]VAPOR * ETVap * EF * ED * C2
24*AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
--
(mg/kg-day)"
IUR
Chemical specific
--
(ug/m3)"'
Intake
Age/chemical specific
--
mg/kg-day
EC..„
Age/chemical specific
--
(ug/m')
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
--
unitless
RfD
--
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
RfC
--
Chemical specific
(mg/m3)
DAD
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
DA,t
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/cm`-event
ECn�
--
Age/chemical specific
mg/m3
HQ
--
Age/chemical specific
unitless
[EPCLater
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/L
PCevent
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
L/cm2-event
[EPC]—r
----NOT USED---
---NOT USED---
ug/m'
BW
44
44
kg
EF
45
45
day/year
ED
10
10
year
AT
--
3650
day
ATlifetime
25550
--
day
IR
0.02
0.02
L/day
FI
1
1
unitless
SA
3820
3820
cm2
Tevent
2.00
2
hr/event
EV
1
1
event/day
C1
0.001
0.001
mg/ug
ETVap
2
2
hr/day
C2
1000
1000
cm'/L
1/11/2016

Page 1 of 4
Attachment C -Table 4-3
Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface water
ON -SITE TRESPASSER -ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-06) Exoosure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes
Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04
INC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC -risk based concentration
NTV- no toxicity value available DAD- dermally absorbed dose ASS- absorption factor UR- cancer .,it risk COPC- chemical of potential concern EPD- effective permeability domain
Intake Calculations Tapwater Dermal Parameters Cancer ToxicityValues
COPC CASRN EPC Intake�na„non DA_. DADa,.m,i ECv„or B t* Kp FA In EPD? Mutagenic CSFo„ i CSFa„m,i IUR RBCi„e„no, RBCa,.ma RBC.,00r RBCmt,i
(ii (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (ug/m') (on Uses) (hr/event) (hr) (cm/hr) (unitless) (YIN) MOA? (mg/kg/day)-' (mg/kg/day)-' (ug/m')-' (m /L m /L m /L m /L
g) Ig) (g) Ig)
Chromium VI (her —lent) 18540-29.9 1.00E-03 24E-08 4.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 5.5E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 2.0E-03 1 Y Y 5.0E-01 2.0E+01 8.4E-02 8.3E*00 2.7E-01 NE 2.8E-01
1/8/2016

Pace 2 of 4
4ttachment C - Table 4-3
Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
3erivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface water
ON -SITE TRESPASSER -ADOLESCENT (AGE 6,16)
human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
3uke Energy
COPC CASRN EPC I Intake;ng„�;I DA,�„m
(mglL) (mglkglday) (mglkglday) (mglkgld:
Chromium VI (h—alent) 18540-29-9 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 4.0E-09 4.3E-08
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00
- chemical of Dotential concern
B t t• K FA In EPD7 RfD.7 RfDae,,,,; RfC RBC;nge,a„ RBC;ng„r„ RgCgd; m,i RB ,r,
P Cn ;
glm') (unitless) (hrlevent) (hr) (cmlhr) (unitless) (YIN) (mglkg/day) (mglkglday) (mglm') (mglL) (mglL) (mglL)
NE 5.5E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 2.0E-03 1 Y 3.0E-03 7.5E-05 1.0E-04 5.4E+01 1.8E+00 NE 1.7E+00
1/8/2016

Page 3 of 4
ttachment C - Table 4-3
isk Based Concentration Summary
arivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface water
N-SITE TRESPASSER - ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16)
n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potenital concern nc -risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c -risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; remedial not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/L)
Cancer
(mg/L)
Final
(mg/L)
Basis
Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.7E+00 2.6E-01 2.6E-01 c
1 /8/2016

Page 4 of 4
Attachment C - Table 4-3
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Total Risk Based Concentration
RBCo 1
I �I = [(1/RBCmgescion) + (1/RBCaermal) + (1/RBCoap)]
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
TR
RBC;ngestlon =
Intake;ng *CSF
[EPC]eater * IFWadj * FI
Intake;ng(age grcupx)= BW*AT
igetim
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration from Dermal Absorption
TR
RBCtlaai = m
DADtlern, *CSF
DAD,— (age gmup ) — DAE*eat * DFWadj
AD
tl x—
ATliredme
DAE„e,t = [EPC]_, * PCevent
Organic Compounds:
PCeventTevent<t. = 2 * FA * � , 6 * x *rTevent
Kp Tevent 1+3B+3W
PCeventTevent>=t• = FA * C2 * 1 + B + 2 * T * C 1 + B z )
Inorganics Compounds:
Kp * Tevent
PCevent = C2
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration
for Inhalation
TR
RBC;n a
n lAion =
EC— * IUR
[EPC]VAPOR* ETvap * EF * ED * C1
ECean (age group xl =
24 * AT;;tet;n,e
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC;ag.goa =
THI
Intake;ng / RfD
Intake;ag =
[EPC]eater * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1
BW * AT
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
THI
RBCtlea; = m
DADtlem / RfD
DAD,_ DAE„e,t * SA * EV * EF * ED
(age gmup x) = BW * AT
DAE„e,t = [EPC]_, * PCevent
Organic Compounds:
PCevent 2 * FA . Kp , F6. T *T event
Tevent<h =
Kp event 1 + 3B + 3B-
PCeventTevent>=t* = FA' * C2 * 1 + B -2—
1 + B z
( )
Inorganics Compounds:
Kp * Tevent
PCevent= C2
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
a THI
RBC;n
n lagon = ECne / RfC
EC�e = [EPC]VAPOR * ETvap * EF * ED * C1
24 * AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical speck
--
(mg/kg-day)-'
IUR
Chemical specific
—
(ug/m,)-r
Intake
Age/chemical specific
—
mgtkg-day
EC-,
Age/chemical specific
—
(ug/mi
ELCR
Age/chemical speck
—
unidess
RfD
—
Chemical specific
mgdcg-day
R1C
—
Chemical specific
(mg/m')
DAD
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mgdcg-dey
DA,,.,
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/cmx-event
EC,,
—
Age/chemical specific
mg/m3
HO
—
Age/chemical specific
unidess
[EPCj—,
Chemical speck
Chemical specific
mg/L
PCevent
Chemical speck
Chemical specific
L/cmi
[EPCj, r
—NOT USED-----
-----NOT USED—
ug/me
BW
NA
44
kg
EF
45
45
day/year
ED
10
10
year
AT
—
3650
day
ATlifetime
25550
—
day
IFWadj
1
—
L/kg
IR
0
0
L/day
FI
NA
0.02
unidess
SA
0.613636364
0
cm2
Tevent
0.00
0
hr/event
EV
NA
3820
event/day
DFWadj
2
2
events-cm2/kg
C1
0.001
0.001
mg/ug
ETVap
39068.18182
NA
hr/day
C2
1000
1000
cm'/L
1 /6/2016

Page 1 of 5
to Outdoor Air EPC Calculations
of Risk Based Concentrations - Soil
1AL/INDUSTRIAL - COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT
n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
= EPClsoiy x PARTICULATEtgial x 1 E-06 [kg/mg]
= (1/PEF' 1E+09 ug/kg) or Measured/Modelled
(m'/kg) = Q/C x [(3600 s/hr) / ((0.036 x (1- V) x (Um/U,)' x F(x) )]
PARAMETER/DEFINITION
UNITS
DEFAULT
Source
PARTICULATE, / Particulate concentration in air
0.03279
Calculated or measured
Measured or modeled PARTICULATE,
ug/m'
Measured value
PEF / Particulate emission factor
m3/kg
Guidance value
PEF / Particulate emission factor
m3/kg
3.05E+10
Calculated here
Q/C / inverse of the mean concentration at the center of a 0.5-acre-square source
g/m2-s per kg/m'
36.80
Calculated I USEPA, 2014
V / Fraction of vegetative cover
unitless
0.5
Site -specific, estimated
Um / mean annual windspeed
m/a
3.44
Site -specific / USEPA, 2014
U, / equivalent threshold value of wind speed at 7 m
m/a
11.32
USEPA, 2014
F(x) I function dependant on Ul derived using Cowherd at al. (1985)
unitless
8.60E-03
Calculated I USEPA, 2014
USEPA, 2014. Regional Screening Levels.
Climactic zone: Phoenix Arizona Area of Source:
CASRN
COPC
EPC Soil
(.9l
EPC Particulate
(ug/m')
7429-90-5
Aluminum
1
3.3E-08
7440-36-0
Antimony
1
3.3E-08
7440-38-2
Arsenic
1
3.3E-08
7440-39-3
Barium
1
3.3E-08
7440-41-7
Beryllium
1
3.3E-08
7440-42-8
Boron
1
3.3E-08
7440-43-9
Cadmium
1
3.3E-08
7440-70-2
Calcium
1
3.3E-08
7440-47-3
Chromium, Total
1
3.3E-08
16065-83-1
Chromium III
1
3.3E-08
7440-48-4
Cobalt
1
3.3E-08
7440-50-8
Copper
1
3.3E-08
7439-89-6
Iron
1
3.3E-08
7439-92-1
Lead
1
3.3E-08
7439-95-4
Magnesium
1
3.3E-08
7439-96-5
Manganese
1
3.3E-08
7439-97-6
Mercury
1
3.3E-08
7439-98-7
Molybdenum
1
3.3E-08
7440-02-0
Nickel
1
3.3E-08
7440-09-7
Potassium
1
3.3E-08
Specific to size of Exposure Area
1/8/2016

Page 2 of 5
:hment D - Table 4-4
Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
,ation of Risk Based Concentrations - Soil
MERCIALIINDUSTRIAL - COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT)
an Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route
NV - not volatile
EC - exposure concentration
CSF - cancer slope factor
RBC - risk based concentration
NTV - no toxicity value available
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ASS - absorption factor
UR - cancer unit risk
COPC - chemical
of potential concern
Intake Calculations
Absorption Factors
Cancer
Toxicity Values
Intake;,gaaug,
(mglkglday)
DAD--
(mglkglday)
ECpammma„
(uglm')
EC,,,p"
(uglm')
ABS­ABSd
limitless)
limitless)(mglkglday)-'
CSFgrai
CSFdar„ai
(mglkglday)-'
IUR
(uglm')-'
COPC CASRN
RBC;pg,adop
RBCda,,,ai
RBC,,,nw,, r
RBC,,,g,
RBC�o�ai
Aluminum
7429-90-5
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Antimony
7440-36-0
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.8E-07
3.8E-08
1.3E-09
NE
0.6
0.03
1.5E+00 1.5E+00
4.3E-03
3.6E+02
1.7E+03
1.7E+07
NE
3.0E+02
Barium
7440-39-3
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Beryllium
7440-41-7
NC
NC
1.3E-09
NE
NC
NC
2.4E-03
NC
NC
3.1E+07
NE
3.1E+07
Boron
7440-42-8
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Cadmium
7440-43-9
NC
NC
1.3E-09
NE
NC
NC
1.8E-03
NC
NC
4.2E+07
NE
4.2E+07
Calcium
7440-70-2
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Chromium III
16065-83-1
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Cobalt
7440-48-4
NC
NC
1.3E-09
NE
NC
NC
9.0E-03
NC
NC
8.3E+06
NE
8.3E+06
Copper
7440-50-8
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Iron
7439-89-6
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Lead
7439-92-1
NC
NC
NC
NE
1
NC
NC
NC
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Mercury
7439-97-6
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Nickel
7440-02-0
NC
NC
1.3E-09
NE
NC
NC
2.4E-04
NC
NC
3.1E+08
NE
3.1E+08
Potassium
7440-09-7
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Sodium
7440-23-5
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Thallium
7440-28-0
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Zinc
7440-66-6
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Nitrate
14797-55-8
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
3.1E-07
1.3E-09
NE
1
5.0E-01 2.0E+01
8.4E-02
6.5E+02
8.9E+05
NE
6.5E+02
1/8/2016

Page 3 of 5
Attachment D - Table 4-4
Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Soil
COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL - COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
NV -not volatile EC - exposure concentration RID - reference dose RBC - risk based concentration COPC - chemical of potential concern
NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration
Intake Calculations I Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values
COPC CASRN I Intake;ppesdap IDADdermai ECa.m.m.b EC-p« ABSixc ABSd RfDarai RfDdermai RfC RBC;naeadpp RBCder ., RBCr, ..,are RBC,,_ RBCm„i
(mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (mglm3) (mg/m') (unitless) (unitless) (mg/kglday) (mglkg/day) I (mg/m)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
1.0E+00
1.0E+00
5.0E-03
1.2E+06
1.3E+09
NE
1.2E+06
Antimony
7440-36-0
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
4.0E-04
6.0E-05
4.7E+02
NTV
NE
4.7E+02
Arsenic
7440-38-2
5.1E-07
1.1E-07 3.7E-12
NE
0.6
0.03 3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1.5E-05
5.8E+02
2.8E+03
4.0E+06
NE
4.8E+02
Barium
7440-39-3
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
2.0E-01
1.4E-02
5.0E-04
2.3E+05
1.3E+08
NE
2.3E+05
Beryllium
7440-41-7
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
2.0E-03
1.4E-05
2.0E-05
2.3E+03
5.3E+06
NE
2.3E+03
Boron
7440-42-8
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-02
2.3E+05
5.3E+09
NE
2.3E+05
Cadmium
7440-43-9
8.6E-07
3.6E-09 3.7E-12
NE
1
0.001 1.0E-03
2.5E-05
2.0E-05
1.2E+03
7.0E+03
5.3E+06
NE
1.0E+03
Calcium
7440-70-2
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NTV
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
1.8E+06
NTV
NE
1.8E+06
Chromium III
16065-83-1
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
1.8E+06
NTV
NE
1.8E+06
Cobalt
7440-48-4
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
6.0E-06
3.5E+02
1.6E+06
NE
3.5E+02
Copper
7440-50-8
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
4.0E-02
4.0E-02
4.7E+04
NTV
NE
4.7E+04
Iron
7439-89-6
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
7.0E-01
7.0E-01
8.2E+05
NTV
NE
8.2E+05
Lead
7439-92-1
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NTV
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NTV
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
1.4E-01
5.6E-03
5.0E-05
1.6E+05
1.3E+07
NE
1.6E+05
Mercury
7439-97-6
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
3.0E-04
2.1E-05
3.0E-04
3.5E+02
8.0E+07
NE
3.5E+02
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
5.8E+03
NTV
NE
5.8E+03
Nickel
7440-02-0
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
2.0E-02
8.0E-04
9.0E-05
2.3E+04
2.4E+07
NE
2.3E+04
Potassium
7440-09-7
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NTV
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
2.0E-02
5.8E+03
5.3E+09
NE
5.8E+03
Sodium
7440-23-5
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NTV
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
6.0E-01
6.0E-01
7.0E+05
NTV
NE
7.0E+05
Thallium
7440-28-0
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
1.0E-05
1.0E-05
1.2E+01
NTV
NE
1.2E+01
Titanium
7440-32-6
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NTV
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
5.0E-03
1.3E-04
1.0E-04
5.8E+03
2.7E+07
NE
5.8E+03
Zinc
7440-66-6
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.5E+05
NTV
NE
3.5E+05
Nitrate
14797-55-8
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
1.6E+00
1.6E+00
1.9E+06
NTV
NE
1.9E+06
Sulfide
18496-25-8
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NTV
NE
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
8.6E-07
3.7E-12
NE
1
3.0E-03
7.5E-05
1.0E-04
3.5E+03
2.7E+07
NE
3.5E+03
1/8/2016

Page 4 of 5
Attachment D - Table 4-4
Risk Based Concentration Summary
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Soil
COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL - COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT)
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes
Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Tar et Cancer Risk er Chemical 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; remedial goal not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
I Cancer
(mg/kg)
Final
(mg/kg)
Basis
Aluminum
/42U-W-b
I.ZL+Ub
I.ZL+Ue nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
4.7E+02
4.7E+02 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
4.8E+02
3.0E+02
3.0E+02 c
Barium
7440-39-3
2.3E+05
2.3E+05 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
2.3E+03
3.1E+07
2.3E+03 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
2.3E+05
2.3E+05 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.0E+03
4.2E+07
1.0E+03 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.8E+06
1.8E+06 nc
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.8E+06
1.8E+06 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
3.5E+02
8.3E+06
3.5E+02 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
4.7E+04
4.7E+04 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
8.2E+05
8.2E+05 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.6E+05
1.6E+05 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
3.5E+02
3.5E+02 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
5.8E+03
5.8E+03 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.3E+04
3.1E+08
2.3E+04 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
5.8E+03
5.8E+03 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
7.0E+05
7.0E+05 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.2E+01
1.2E+01 nc
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
5.8E+03
5.8E+03 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
3.5E+05
3.5E+05 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.9E+06
1.9E+06 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1 /8/2016

Page 5 of 5
Table 4.4
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Total Remedial Goal
RBCmtal = 1
[(1 /RBCingeatlon) + (1 /RBCde„na) + (1 /RBCPe,) + (1 /RBC,aP)]
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC;ng,s bu = TR / Intakeng * CSF
[EPC]aoll * IR * ABSING * FI * EF * ED * C1
Intakeng (age group x)= BW. * AT
Ircauma
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCdeu aI = TR / DAD * CSF
DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED
DADdern,(age group ,)=
BW. * ATlrcauma
DAE—t = [EPC]*oII * ABSd * AF * C1
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC,ngeatmn= THI
Intakeng / RfD
Intakeng = [EPC]so;I * IR * ABS;ng * FI * EF * ED * C1
BW * AT
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCd... I= THI
DAD / RfD
DADdenn = DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED
BW * AT
DAE—t = [EPC]*oII * ABSd * AF * C1
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC;nhalatlon = TR / ECoan * IUR
EC�n (age _ [EPC]PART * ETPad * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]vAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED
s group xl_ 24 * AT
rreaa,e
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC;ahalauon= THI
ECno / RfC
EC- = [EPC]PART * ETPa,t * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPC]vAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED * C2
24 *AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
(mg/kg-day)-'
IUR
Chemical specific
(ug/m')-'
Intake
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
ECoan
Age/chemical specific
(ug/m')
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
unitless
RfD
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
RfC
Chemical specific
(mg/m')
DAD
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
DAE-nt
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/cm2-event
ECno
Age/chemical specific
mg/ma
HQ
Age/chemical specific
unitless
[EPC]so;I
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/kg
[EPC]PART
Attachment D - TABLE
Attachment D - TABLE
ug/m'
EPC
[ ]VAPOR
Attachment D - TABLE
Attachment D - TABLE
ug/m'
ABS;ng
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
ABSd
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
BW
80
80
kg
EF
250
250
day/year
ED
25
25
year
AT
--
9125
day
ATlifetime
25550
day
IR
100
100
mg/day
FI
1
1
unitless
C1
0.000001
0.000001
kg/mg
SA
3470
3470
cm2
AF
0.12
0.12
mg/cm2
EV
1
1
event/day
ETPart
4
4
hours/day
C2
0.001
0.001
mg/ug
ETVap
8
8
hours/day
1 /8/2016

Page 1 of 4
Attachment E - Table 4-5
Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL - COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT)
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes
Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
NC - not carcinogenic by this emosure route NV - not volatile EC - emosure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration
NTV - no toxcity value available
Attachment E - DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ABS -absorption factor
UR - cancer unit risk
COPC - chemical
of potential concern
Intake Calculations
Absorption
Factors
Cancer
Toxicity Values
COPC
CASRN
[—Inlak...s�.
DADd—.1
ECr_., �e
(ug/m')
EC.anorABSING
(ug/m')
(unitless)
ABSd
(unitless)
CSF_1
(mg/kg/day)-'
CSFder,1
(mg/kg/day)-'
IUR
(uglm')-'
RBCj.�jo„
RBCd: .1
RBCP.mj__
RBC(mg(mg/kg/day)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Antimony
7440-36-0
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Arsenic
7440-38-2
4.4E-10
3.0E-10
NE
NE
0.6
0.03
1.5E+00
1.5E+00
4.3E-03
1.5E+05
2.3E+05
NE
NE 9.1E+04
Barium
7440-39-3
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Beryllium
7440-41-7
INC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
2.4E-03
INC
NC
NE
NE
Boron
7440-42-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Cadmium
7440-43-9
INC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
1.8E-03
INC
NC
NE
NE
Calcium
7440-70-2
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Chromium III
16065-83-1
INC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Cobalt
7440-48-4
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
9.0E-03
NC
NC
NE
NE
Copper
7440-50-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Iron
7439-89-6
INC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Lead
7439-92-1
NC
NC
NE
NE
1
INC
NC
NE
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Mercury
7439-97-6
INC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Nickel
7440-02-0
INC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
2.4E-04
INC
NC
NE
NE
Potassium
7440-09-7
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Sodium
7440-23-5
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Thallium
7440-28-0
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Zinc
7440-66-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Nitrate
14797-55-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
7.3E-10
NE
NE
1
5.0E-01
2.0E+01
8.4E-02
2.7E+05
NE
NE 2.7E+05
1/6/2016

Page 2 of 4
Attachment E - Table 4-5
Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
COMMERCIALIINDUSTRIAL - COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT)
Exoosure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Duke Energy
Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
NV -not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - risk based concentration COPC - chemical of potential concern
NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration
Intake Calculations I Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values
COPC CASRN I Intake;npesdnn IDADdermai ECa.m.m.b EC_p« ABSixc ABSd RfDarai RfDdermai RfC RBC;naeadpn RBCde--I RBCr, ..,are RBC,,._ RBCm„i
(mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (mglm3) (mg/m') (unitless) (unitless) (mg/kglday) (mglkg/day) I (mglm)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
1.0E+00
1.0E+00
5.0E-03
4.9E+08
NE
NE
4.9E+08
Antimony
7440-36-0
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
4.0E-04
6.0E-05
1.9E+05
NE
NE
1.9E+05
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.2E-09 8.3E-10
NE
NE
0.6
0.03 3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1.5E-05
2.4E+05
3.6E+05
NE
NE
1.5E+05
Barium
7440-39-3
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
2.0E-01
1.4E-02
5.0E-04
9.7E+07
NE
NE
9.7E+07
Beryllium
7440-41-7
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
2.0E-03
1.4E-05
2.0E-05
9.7E+05
NE
NE
9.7E+05
Boron
7440-42-8
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-02
9.7E+07
NE
NE
9.7E+07
Cadmium
7440-43-9
2.1E-09 2.8E-11
NE
NE
1
0.001 1.0E-03
2.5E-05
2.0E-05
4.9E+05
9.1E+05
NE
NE
3.2E+05
Calcium
7440-70-2
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
7.3E+08
NE
NE
7.3E+08
Chromium III
16065-83-1
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
7.3E+08
NE
NE
7.3E+08
Cobalt
7440-48-4
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
6.0E-06
1.5E+05
NE
NE
1.5E+05
Copper
7440-50-8
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
4.0E-02
4.0E-02
1.9E+07
NE
NE
1.9E+07
Iron
7439-89-6
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
7.0E-01
7.0E-01
3.4E+08
NE
NE
3.4E+08
Lead
7439-92-1
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
1.4E-01
5.6E-03
5.0E-05
6.8E+07
NE
NE
6.8E+07
Mercury
7439-97-6
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
3.0E-04
2.1E-05
3.0E-04
1.5E+05
NE
NE
1.5E+05
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
2.4E+06
NE
NE
2.4E+06
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
2.0E-02
8.0E-04
9.0E-05
9.7E+06
NE
NE
9.7E+06
Potassium
7440-09-7
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
2.0E-02
2.4E+06
NE
NE
2.4E+06
Sodium
7440-23-5
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
6.0E-01
6.0E-01
2.9E+08
NE
NE
2.9E+08
Thallium
7440-28-0
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
1.0E-05
1.0E-05
4.9E+03
NE
NE
4.9E+03
Titanium
7440-32-6
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
5.0E-03
1.3E-04
1.0E-04
2.4E+06
NE
NE
2.4E+06
Zinc
7440-66-6
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
1.5E+08
NE
NE
1.5E+08
Nitrate
14797-55-8
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
1.6E+00
1.6E+00
7.8E+08
NE
NE
7.8E+08
Sulfide
18496-25-8
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
2.1E-09
NE
NE
1
3.0E-03
7.5E-05
1.0E-04
1.5E+06
NE
NE
1.5E+06
1/6/2016

Page 3 of 4
Attachment E - Table 4-5
Risk Based Concentration Summary
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL - COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT)
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes
Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; risk based concentration not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
I Cancer
(mg/kg)
I Final
(mg/kg)
Basis
Aluminum
1429-90-b
4.91=+06
4.91=+06 nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.9E+05
1.9E+05 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.5E+05
9.1 E+04 9.1 E+04 c
Barium
7440-39-3
9.7E+07
9.7E+07 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
9.7E+05
9.7E+05 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
9.7E+07
9.7E+07 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
3.2E+05
3.2E+05 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
7.3E+08
7.3E+08 nc
Chromium III
16065-83-1
7.3E+08
7.3E+08 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1.5E+05
1.5E+05 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
1.9E+07
1.9E+07 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
3.4E+08
3.4E+08 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
Magnesium
7439-954
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
6.8E+07
6.8E+07 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.5E+05
1.5E+05 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
2.4E+06
2.4E+06 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
9.7E+06
9.7E+06 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
2.4E+06
2.4E+06 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
2.9E+08
2.9E+08 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
4.9E+03
4.9E+03 nc
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
2.4E+06
2.4E+06 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.5E+08
1.5E+08 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
7.8E+08
7.8E+08 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
Chromium A (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
1.5E+06
2.7E+05 2.7E+05 c
1 /6/2016

Page 4 of 4
Table 4-5
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Total Risk Based Concentration
RBC,,, = 1
[(1/R13C,,,gestlon) + (1/RBCdem,el) + (1/RBCpart) + (1/RBCvap)]
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC;ngestlon = TR / Intake;ng* CSF
[EPC]saI * IR * ABSING * FI * EF * ED * C1
Intake;ng (age group x) _
BW. ` ATIlfetlme
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCde,roa, = TR / DAD * CSF
DAD e m DAEVenf * SA * EV * EF * ED
d (age group = BW. * AT
Ilfetlme
DAEoenf = [EPC].,, * ABSd * AF * C1
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
THI
RBC,ngastlnn =
Intake;ng / RfD
Intake;ng = [EPC]sg; * IR * ABS;ng * FI * EF * ED * C1
BW * AT
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCda,n,al = THI
DAD / RfD
DADdam, = DAE111 * SA * EV * EF * ED
BW * AT
DAEvenf = [EPC].;; * ABSd * AF * C1
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC;nna;atlao = TR / ECoan * IUR
[EPC]PART * ETPart * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]vAPOR * ETVap* EF * ED
EC an (age group xl =
24 * AT;;f ume
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
THI
RBC;nnalaunn =
ECno / RfC
ECnu, = [EPC]PART * ETPart * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPC]vAPOR * ETVap * EF * ED * C2
24 * AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
(mg/kg-day)-'
IUR
Chemical specific
(ug/m')-'
Intake
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
ECG
Age/chemical specific
(ug/m')
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
unitless
RfD
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
RfC
Chemical specific
(mg/m3)
DAD
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
DAEven,
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/cm2-event
ECno
Age/chemical specific
mg/ma
HQ
Age/chemical specific
unitless
[EPC]so;;
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/kg
[EPC]PART
Attachment E - TABLE
Attachment E - TABLE
ug/m'
[EPC]VAPOR
Attachment E - TABLE
Attachment E - TABLE
ug/m3
ABS;ng
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
ABSd
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
BW
80
80
kg
EF
12
12
day/year
ED
25
25
year
AT
--
9125
day
ATlifetime
25550
--
day
IR
5
5
mg/day
FI
1
1
unitless
C1
0.000001
0.000001
kg/mg
SA
670
670
cm2
AF
0.1
0.1
mg/cm2
EV
1
1
event/day
ETPart
4
4
hours/day
C2
0.001
0.001
mg/ug
ETVap
8
8
hours/day
1/6/2016

Pace 1 of 4
Attachment F -Table 4-6
Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Seep Water
COMMERCIALIINDUSTRIAL -COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT) Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion No
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes
Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration
NTV - no toxicity value avai
Attachment F -
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ABS - absorption factor
UR - cancer unit risk
COPC - chemical of potenital concern
In take Calculations
Ta
water Dermal Parameters
Cancer ToxicityValues
COPC
CASRN
EPC
Fntake;nge,d,n
DP,�
DADde,m,;EC_
13
i
t•
Kp
FA
In EPD?
CSF_
CSFd,1
IUR
RBC;ne.1.n
RBCd.nn.i
RBC,,.p„
RB(g/L)g/kg/day)
(mglkglday)
(mglkglday)
(uglm')
(unitless)
(hrlevent)
(hr)
(cmlhr)
(unitless)
(YIN)
(mglkglday)-'
(mglkglday)-'
(uglm')-'
(mglL)
(mglL)
(mglL)
(mglL)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
2.0E-03
1.5E-01
3.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
4.2E-03
5.1E-01
1.2E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
3.9E-10
NE
3.3E-03
2.8E-01
6.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.5E+00
1.5E+00
4.3E-03
NE
1.7E+02
NE
1.7E+02
Barium
7440.39-3
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
4.5E-03
6.2E-01
1.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Beryllium
7440-41-7
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
1.2E-03
1.2E-01
2.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.4E-03
NE
--
NE
Boron
7440.42-8
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
1.4E-03
1.3E-01
3.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
4.1E-03
4.5E-01
1.1E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.8E-03
NE
--
NE
Calcium
7440-70-2
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Chromium,Total
7440-47-3
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
1.2E-03
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
4.0E-04
1
Y
9.0E-03
NE
--
NE
Copper
7440-50-8
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
3.1E-03
2.4E-01
5.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Iron
7439-89-6
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
2.9E-03
2.2E-01
5.2E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Lead
7439-92-1
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
5.5E-04
1.5E+00
3.7E+00
1.0E-04
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
2.9E-03
2.1E-01
5.1E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
5.4E-03
1.4E+00
3.4E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
3.8E-03
3.6E-01
8.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Nickel
7440-02-0
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
5.9E-04
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
2.0E-04
1
Y
2.4E-04
NE
--
NE
Potassium
7440-09-7
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
2.0E-04
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
3.4E-03
2.9E-01
7.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Sodium
7440.23-5
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
6.0E-04
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
3.6E-03
3.3E-01
7.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Thallium
7440.28-0
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
5.5E-03
1.5E+00
3.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
2.7E-03
2.0E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
1.9E-03
2.4E-01
5.9E-01
6.0E-04
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
3.0E-03
2.3E-01
5.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Sulfide
18496-25-8
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
4.0E-04
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
1.00E-03
NE
8.0E-09
7.9E-10
NE
5.5E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
2.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-01
2.0E+01
8.4E-02
NE
6.4E+00
NE
6.4E+00
1/8/2016

Page 2 of 4
.hment F -Table 4-6
Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
,ation of Risk Based Concentrations - Seep Water
MERCIALIINDUSTRIAL -COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT)
an Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion No
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00
COPC
CASRN
EPC
(mg/L)
Intake;ngsaan
(mglkglday)
D A. �n
(mglkglday)
DADae,m,;
(mglkglday)
ECwnor
(mglm')
B
(unitless)
t
(hrlevent)
t*
(hr)
K p
(cmlhr)
FA
(unitless)
In EPD.
(YIN)
RfD,,,�
(mglkglday)
RfDae,me;
(mglkglday)
RfC
(mglm')
RBGnge,a,n
(mglL)
RBCdz.,
(mglL)
RBC,e„
(mglL)
RBC„�,;
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
1.1E-09
NE
2.0E-03
1.5E-01
3.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.0E+00
1.0E+00
5.0E-03
NE
9.1E+05
NE
9.1E+05
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
1.1E-09
NE
4.2E-03
5.1E-01
1.2E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
4.0E-04
6.0E-05
NE
5.4E+01
NE
5.4E+01
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
1.1E-09
NE
3.3E-03
2.8E-01
6.6E-01
1.0E-03
0.6
Y
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1.5E-05
NE
2.7E+02
NE
2.7E+02
Barium
7440.39-3
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
1.1E-09
NE
4.5E-03
6.2E-01
1.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.0E-01
1.4E-02
5.0E-04
NE
1.3E+04
NE
1.3E+04
Beryllium
7440-41-7
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
1.1E-09
NE
1.2E-03
1.2E-01
2.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.0E-03
1.4E-05
2.0E-05
NE
1.3E+01
NE
1.3E+01
Boron
7440-42-8
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
1.1E-09
NE
1.4E-03
1.3E-01
3.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-02
NE
1.8E+OS
NE
1.8E+OS
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
1.1E-09
NE
4.1E-03
4.5E-01
1.1E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.0E-03
2.5E-05
2.0E-05
NE
2.3E+01
NE
2.3E+01
Calcium
7440-70-2
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
1.1E-09
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
1.1E-09
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
NE
1.8E+04
NE
1.8E+04
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
1.1E-09
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
NE
1.8E+04
NE
1.8E+04
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1.00E-03
NE
1.6E-09
4.4E-10
NE
1.2E-03
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
4.0E-04
1
Y
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
6.0E-06
NE
6.8E+02
NE
6.8E+02
Copper
7440.50-8
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
1.1E-09
NE
3.1E-03
2.4E-01
5.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
4.0E-02
4.0E-02
NE
3.6E+04
NE
3.6E+04
Iron
7439-89-6
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
1.1E-09
NE
2.9E-03
2.2E-01
5.2E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
7.0E-01
7.0E-01
NE
6.4E+05
NE
6.4E+05
Lead
7439-92-1
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-10
1.1E-10
NE
5.5E-04
1.5E+00
3.7E+00
1.0E-04
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
1.1E-09
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
1.1E-09
NE
2.9E-03
2.1E-01
5.1E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.4E-01
5.6E-03
5.0E-OS
NE
5.1E+03
NE
5.1E+03
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
1.1E-09
NE
5.4E-03
1.4E+00
3.4E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
3.0E-04
2.1E-05
3.0E-04
NE
1.9E+01
NE
1.9E+01
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
1.1E-09
NE
3.8E-03
3.6E-01
8.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
NE
4.5E+03
NE
4.5E+03
Nickel
7440-02-0
1.00E-03
NE
8.0E-10
2.2E-10
NE
5.9E-04
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
2.0E-04
1
Y
2.0E-02
8.0E-04
9.0E-05
NE
3.6E+03
NE
3.6E+03
Potassium
7440-09-7
1.00E-03
NE
8.0E-10
2.2E-10
NE
2.0E-04
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
1.1E-09
NE
3.4E-03
2.9E-01
7.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
2.0E-02
NE
4.5E+03
NE
4.5E+03
Sodium
7440-23-5
1.00E-03
NE
2.4E-09
6.6E-10
NE
6.0E-04
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
1.1E-09
NE
3.6E-03
3.3E-01
7.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
6.0E-01
6.0E-01
NE
5.4E+05
NE
5.4E+05
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
1.1E-09
NE
5.5E-03
1.5E+00
3.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
1.1E-09
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
1.1E-09
NE
2.7E-03
2.0E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-03
1.3E-04
1.0E-04
NE
1.2E+02
NE
1.2E+02
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.00E-03
NE
2.4E-09
6.6E-10
NE
1.9E-03
2.4E-01
5.9E-01
6.0E-04
1
Y
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
NE
4.5E+05
NE
4.5E+05
Nitrate
14797-SS8
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
1.1E-09
NE
3.0E-03
2.3E-01
5.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.6E+00
1.6E+00
NE
1.5E+06
NE
1.5E+06
Sulfide
18496-258
1.00E-03
NE
1.6E-09
4.4E-10
NE
4.0E-04
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9
1.00E-03
NE
8.0E-09
2.2E-09
NE
5.5E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
2.0E-03
1
Y
3.0E-03
7.5E-05
1.0E-04
NE
3.4E+01
NE
3.4E+01
1/8/2016

Page 3 of 4
achment F -Table 4-6
;k Based Concentration Summary
rivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Seep Water
WMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL - COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT)
n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion No
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potenital concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: remedial not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/L)
Cancer
(mg/L)
I Final
I (mg/L)
Basis
Aluminum
M29-9U-b
9.1 t+ub
v.1 t+ub nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
5.4E+01
5.4E+01 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
2.7E+02
1.7E+02 1.7E+02 c
Barium
7440-39-3
1.3E+04
1.3E+04 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
1.3E+01
1.3E+01 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
1.8E+05
1.8E+05 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
2.3E+01
2.3E+01 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.8E+04
1.8E+04 nc
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.8E+04
1.8E+04 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
6.8E+02
6.8E+02 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
3.6E+04
3.6E+04 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
6.4E+05
6.4E+05 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
5.1 E+03
5.1 E+03 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.9E+01
1.9E+01 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
4.5E+03
4.5E+03 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
3.6E+03
3.6E+03 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
4.5E+03
4.5E+03 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
5.4E+05
5.4E+05 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
NA
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.2E+02
1.2E+02 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
4.5E+05
4.5E+05 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.5E+06
1.5E+06 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
3.4E+01
6.4E+00 6.4E+00 c
1 /8/2016

Page 4 of 4
Table 4-6
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Total Risk Based Concentration
RBC:,,= 1
[(1/RBCmge i.)+(1/RBCderm0+(1/RBC„ap)]
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
TR
RBCmge:gor =
Intake;., *CSF
[EPC].mt * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1
Intake;e, la,e,rouP x)= BW *AT;
i retjme
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration from Dermal Absorption
TR
RBCderm,; =
DADde,,,, * CSF
DADerm DAw'-„ t * SA * EV * EF * ED
d (age group x)=
ATrrerme
DAEm t= [EPC]_, * PCevent
Organic Compounds:
PCeventTevent<t• _ 2 * FA. Kp . 6 * r *rTevent
Kp event /1+3B
PCeventTevenb=t* = FA * C2 * �1 + B )+ 2 * r * I 1 +3B' + B' )
( )
Inorganics Compounds:
Tevent
PCevent =
C2
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC1„haut1a = TR
EC_ *IUR
ECcm, [EPC]VAPOR* ETVap* EF * ED * C1
(ege gmuP xI _ - 24 * AT;;ferme
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC;,,geat;o„ = THI
Intake;,,, / RfD
Intake;, _ [EPC]water * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1
BW *AT
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
THI
RBCderma; =
DAD,,- / RfD
DAE„e„t * DFWadj
DADderm (age group x) =
AT;;terme
DAEm t= [EPC]_, * PCevent
Organic Compounds:
PCevent 2 * FA . KP , 6 * r •' Tevent
TevenKt* _C2 4
Kip event 1+3B+3B'
PCeventTevent =t* = FA * C2 * 1 + B -2— 1 + B
Inorganics Compounds:
Kp * Tevent
PCevent = C2
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC;,,ha;at;o„ = THI
ECn� / RfC
EC„� _ [EPC]VAPOR * ETVap * EF * ED * C2
24*AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
--
(mg/kg-day)"
IUR
Chemical specific
--
(ug/m3)"'
Intake
Age/chemical specific
--
mg/kg-day
EC..„
Age/chemical specific
--
(ug/m')
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
--
unitless
RfD
--
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
RfC
--
Chemical specific
(mg/m3)
DAD
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
DA,t
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/cm`-event
ECn�
--
Age/chemical specific
mg/m3
HQ
--
Age/chemical specific
unitless
[EPCLater
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/L
PCevent
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
L/cm2-event
[EPC]—r
----NOT USED---
---NOT USED---
ug/m'
BW
80
80
kg
EF
12
12
day/year
ED
25
25
year
AT
--
9125
day
ATlifetime
25550
--
day
IR
L/day
FI
unitless
SA
670
670
cm2
Tevent
4.00
4
hr/event
EV
1
1
event/day
C1
0.001
0.001
mg/ug
ETVap
4
4
hr/day
C2
1000
1000
cm'/L
1/8/2016

Page 1 of 5
Particulate to Outdoor Air EPC Calculations
Derivation of Risk Based Concentration - Soil
CONSTRUCTION - CONSTRUCTION WORKER (ADULT)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
= EPClsoiy x PARTICULATEtgial x 1 E-06 [kg/mg]
= (1/PEF' 1E+09 ug/kg) or Measured/Modelled
(m'/kg) = Q/C x [(3600 s/hr) / ((0.036 x (1- V) x (Um/U,)' x F(x) )]
PARAMETER/DEFINITION
UNITS
DEFAULT
Source
PARTICULATE, / Particulate concentration in air
0.03279
Calculated or measured
Measured or modeled PARTICULATE,
ug/m'
Measured value
PEF / Particulate emission factor
m3/kg
Guidance value
PEF / Particulate emission factor
m3/kg
3.05E+10
Calculated here
Q/C / inverse of the mean concentration at the center of a 0.5-acre-square source
g/m2-s per kg/m'
36.80
Calculated / USEPA, 2014
V / Fraction of vegetative cover
unitless
0.5
Site -specific, estimated
U, / mean annual windspeed
m/a
3.44
Site -specific / USEPA, 2014
U, / equivalent threshold value of wind speed at 7 m
m/a
11.32
USEPA, 2014
F(x) / function dependant on U./U, derived using Cowherd at al. (1985)
unitless
8.60E-03
Calculated / USEPA, 2014
USEPA, 2014. Regional Screening Levels.
Climactic zone: Phoenix Arizona Area of Source:
CASRN
COPC
EPC Soil
(mg/kg)
EPC Particulate
(ug/m')
7429-90-5
Aluminum
1
3.3E-08
7440-36-0
Antimony
1
3.3E-08
7440-38-2
Arsenic
1
3.3E-08
7440-39-3
Barium
1
3.3E-08
7440-41-7
Beryllium
1
3.3E-08
7440-42-8
Boron
1
3.3E-08
7440-43-9
Cadmium
1
3.3E-08
7440-70-2
Calcium
1
3.3E-08
7440-47-3
Chromium, Total
1
3.3E-08
16065-83-1
Chromium III
1
3.3E-08
7440-48-4
Cobalt
1
3.3E-08
7440-50-8
Copper
1
3.3E-08
7439-89-6
Iron
1
3.3E-08
7439-92-1
Lead
1
3.3E-08
7439-95-4
Magnesium
1
3.3E-08
7439-96-5
Manganese
1
3.3E-08
7439-97-6
Mercury
1
3.3E-08
7439-98-7
Molybdenum
1
3.3E-08
7440-02-0
Nickel
1
3.3E-08
7440-09-7
Potassium
1
3.3E-08
Specific to size of Exposure Area
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
\\MAN\common\42058_Duke\002\HH PRGs\PRG calculations\Soil -Template-EPA-non-M-V11-ConstructionW-D2-RBC update.xlsx 1/8/2016

Page 2 of 5
:hment G - Table 4-7
Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
,ation of Risk Based Concentration - Soil
STRUCTION - CONSTRUCTION WORKER (ADULT)
an Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route
NV - not volatile
EC - exposure concentration
CSF - cancer slope factor
RBC - risk based concentration
NTV - no toxicity value available
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ABS - absorption factor
UR - cancer unit risk
COPC - chemical
of potential concern
Intake Calculations
Absorption Factors
Cancer
Toxicity Values
Intakein-1 p
(mglkglday)
DAD--
(mglkglday)
ECp.,1.
(uglm')
EC,,,n«
(uglm')
ABS­ABSd
(unitless)
(unitless)
CSFgrai
(mglkglday)-'
CSF-..i
(mglkglday)-'
IUR
(uglm')-'
COPC CASRN
RBC;pgaad .
RBCda,mai
RBCp,nw,j „
RBC„pg,
RBC�o�ai
Aluminum
7429-90-5
INC
NC
INC
NE
NC
NC
INC
NC
NC
NE
Antimony
7440-36-0
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Arsenic
7440-38-2
5.8E-09
9.2E-10
2.6E-11
NE
0.6
0.03
1.5E+00 1.5E+00
4.3E-03
1.1E+04
7.3E+04
9.1E+08
NE
9.9E+03
Barium
7440-39-3
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Beryllium
7440-41-7
NC
NC
2.6E-11
NE
NC
NC
2.4E-03
NC
NC
1.6E+09
NE
1.6E+09
Boron
7440-42-8
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Cadmium
7440-43-9
NC
NC
2.6E-11
NE
NC
NC
1.8E-03
NC
NC
2.2E+09
NE
2.2E+09
Calcium
7440-70-2
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Chromium III
16065-83-1
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Cobalt
7440-48-4
NC
NC
2.6E-11
NE
NC
NC
9.0E-03
NC
NC
4.3E+08
NE
4.3E+08
Copper
7440-50-8
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Iron
7439-89-6
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Lead
7439-92-1
NC
NC
NC
NE
1
NC
NC
NC
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Mercury
7439-97-6
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Nickel
7440-02-0
NC
NC
2.6E-11
NE
NC
NC
2.4E-04
NC
NC
1.6E+10
NE
1.6E+10
Potassium
7440-09-7
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Sodium
7440-23-5
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Thallium
7440-28-0
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Zinc
7440-66-6
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Nitrate
14797-55-8
NC
NC
NC
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
Sulfide
18496-25-8
INC
NC
INC
NE
NC
NC
INC
NC
NC
NE
Chromium VI(hexavalent)
18540-29-9
9.7E-09
2.6E-11
NE
1
5.0E-01 2.0E+01
8.4E-02
2.1E+04
4.6E+07
NE
2.1E+04
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
\\MAN\common\42058_Duke\002\HH PRGs\PRG calculations\Soil - Template-EPA-non-M-V11-ConstructionW-D2-RBC update.xlsx 1/8/2016

Page 3 of 5
Attachment G - Table 4-7
Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentration - Soil
CONSTRUCTION - CONSTRUCTION WORKER (ADULT)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
NV - not volatile
EC - exposure concentration
RfD - reference dose
RBC - risk based concentration
COPC - chemical of potential concern
NTV - no toxicity value available
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ABS - absorption
factor
RfC - reference concentration
Intake Calculations
Absorption Factors
Non -Cancer
Toxicity Values
Intake;,,„t
(mg/kg/day)"
DAD--
(mg/kg/day)
ECp.nja
(mglm3)
EC-.1
(mg/m3)
ABSING
(unitless)
ABSd
(unities
RfD«
(mglkg/day)
RfDd,,,i
(mg/kg/day)
RfC
(m
COPC CASRN
RBCj_,tp.
RBCd,.,i
RBCp,njwRBC-_
RBCp,I
Aluminum
7429-90-5
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
1.0E+00
1.0E+00
5.0E-03
1.5E+06
2.8E+09
NE
1.5E+06
Antimony
7440-36-0
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
4.0E-04
6.0E-05
5.9E+02
NTV
NE
5.9E+02
Arsenic
7440-38-2
4.1E-07
6.4E-08
1.8E-12
NE
0.6
0.03
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1.5E-05
7.4E+02
4.7E+03
8.3E+06
NE
6.4E+02
Barium
7440-39-3
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
2.0E-01
1.4E-02
5.0E-03
2.9E+05
2.8E+09
NE
2.9E+05
Beryllium
7440-41-7
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
2.0E-05
7.4E+03
1.1E+07
NE
7.4E+03
Boron
7440-42-8
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-02
2.9E+05
1.1E+10
NE
2.9E+05
Cadmium
7440-43-9
6.8E-07
2.1E-09
1.8E-12
NE
1
0.001
1.0E-03
2.5E-05
2.0E-05
1.5E+03
1.2E+04
1.1E+07
NE
1.3E+03
Calcium
7440-70-2
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NTV
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
2.2E+06
NTV
NE
2.2E+06
Chromium III
16065-83-1
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
2.2E+06
NTV
NE
2.2E+06
Cobalt
7440-48-4
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
3.0E-03
3.0E-03
2.0E-05
4.4E+03
1.1E+07
NE
4.4E+03
Copper
7440-50-8
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
4.0E-02
4.0E-02
5.9E+04
NTV
NE
5.9E+04
Iron
7439-89-6
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
7.0E-01
7.0E-01
1.0E+06
NTV
NE
1.0E+06
Lead
7439-92-1
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NTV
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NTV
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
1.4E-01
5.6E-03
5.0E-05
2.1E+05
2.8E+07
NE
2.0E+05
Mercury
7439-97-6
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
2.0E-03
1.4E-04
3.0E-04
2.9E+03
1.7E+08
NE
2.9E+03
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
7.4E+03
NTV
NE
7.4E+03
Nickel
7440-02-0
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
2.0E-02
8.0E-04
2.0E-04
2.9E+04
1.1E+08
NE
2.9E+04
Potassium
7440-09-7
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NTV
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
2.0E-02
7.4E+03
1.1E+10
NE
7.4E+03
Sodium
7440-23-5
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NTV
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
2.0E+00
2.0E+00
2.9E+06
NTV
NE
2.9E+06
Thallium
7440-28-0
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NTV
NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NTV
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
1.0E-02
1.0E-02
1.0E-04
1.5E+04
5.6E+07
NE
1.5E+04
Zinc
7440-66-6
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
4.4E+05
NTV
NE
4.4E+05
Nitrate
14797-55-8
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
1.6E+00
1.6E+00
2.4E+06
NTV
NE
2.4E+06
Sulfide
18496-25-8
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NTV
NE
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
6.8E-07
1.8E-12
NE
1
5.0E-03
1.3E-04
3.0E-04
7.4E+03
1.7E+08
NE
7.4E+03
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
\\MAN\common\42058_Duke\002\HH PRGs\PRG calculations\Soil -Template-EPA-non-M-V11-ConstructionW-D2-RBC update.xlsx 1/8/2016

Page 4 of 5
achment G - Table 4-7
k Based Concentration Summary
ivation of Risk Based Concentration - Soil
NSTRUCTION - CONSTRUCTION WORKER (ADULT)
nan Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
ce Energy
concern
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion
Yes
Dermal Contact
Yes
Particulate Inhalation
Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation
No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical)
1 E+00
Taraet Cancer Risk (per Chemical)
1 E-04
nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; Risk Based Concentration not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
I Cancer
(mg/kg)
Final
(mg/kg)
Basis
Aluminum
/42U-W-b
l.bL+Ub
l.bL+Ub nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
5.9E+02
5.9E+02 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
6.4E+02
9.9E+03
6.4E+02 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
2.9E+05
2.9E+05 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
7.4E+03
1.6E+09
7.4E+03 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
2.9E+05
2.9E+05 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.3E+03
2.2E+09
1.3E+03 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
2.2E+06
2.2E+06 nc
Chromium III
16065-83-1
2.2E+06
2.2E+06 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
4.4E+03
4.3E+08
4.4E+03 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
5.9E+04
5.9E+04 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
1.0E+06
1.0E+06 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
2.0E+05
2.0E+05 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
2.9E+03
2.9E+03 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
7.4E+03
7.4E+03 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.9E+04
1.6E+10
2.9E+04 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
7.4E+03
7.4E+03 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
2.9E+06
2.9E+06 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
NA
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.5E+04
1.5E+04 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
4.4E+05
4.4E+05 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
2.4E+06
2.4E+06 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1 /8/2016

Page 5 of 5
Table 4-7
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Total Risk Based Concentration
RBC, r ; = 1
[(1/RBO„gas,.,)+(1/RBCde .1)+(1/RBCpan)+(1/RBCap)]
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC„g,sj; = TR / Intake,,,* CSF
[EPCI-1 * IR * ABSiNG * FI * EF * ED * C1
I ntake,n9 (.p g..P X)=
B W x ` ATerauma
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCde, A = TR / DAD * CSF
DAD e,n a e - DAE.a.r * SA * EV * EF * ED
rra,ma
DAEanr = [EPC]s j, * ABSd * AF * C1
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC,nge i,n= THI
Intake;,, / RfD
Intake;,, = [EPC]sn;i * IR * ABS,n9 * FI * EF * ED * C1
BW*AT
Noncancer-Based Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RGda, a,= THI
DAD / RfD
DADda„n = DAI-nr * SA * EV * EF * ED
BW*AT
DAEanr = [EPC]s 1, * ABSd * AF * C1
Cancer -Based Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RG;nhaiar;o,= TR / ECG IUR
[EPC]PART * ETPa,, * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]VAPOR * ETvap * EF * ED
EC- (a9a e,ow x)=
24 * ATrreume
Noncancer-Based Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
THI
RG;nha;a,;nn=
EC,� / RfC
EC,, = [EPC]PART * ETp.,i * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPC]yAPOR * ETvap * EF * ED * C2
24*AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
(mg/kg-day)-'
IUR
Chemical specific
(ug/m')-'
Intake
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
ECG
Age/chemical specific
(ug/m')
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
unitless
Rf)
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
RfC
Chemical specific
(mg/m')
DAD
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
DAE—t
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/cm2-event
EC-
Age/chemical specific
mg/ma
HQ
Age/chemical specific
unitless
[EPC]so;i
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/kg
[EPC]PART
Attachment G - TABLE
Attachment G - TABLE
ug/m'
[EPC]vAPOR
Attachment G - TABLE
Attachment G - TABLE
ug/m'
ABS;ng
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
ABSd
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
BW
80
80
kg
EF
60
60
day/year
ED
1
1
year
AT
--
365
day
ATlifetime
25550
--
day
IR
330
330
mg/day
FI
1
1
unitless
C1
0.000001
0.000001
kg/mg
SA
3470
3470
cm2
AF
0.3
0.3
mg/cm2
EV
1
1
event/day
ETPart
8
8
hours/day
C2
0.001
0.001
mg/ug
ETVap
8
8
hours/day
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
\\MAN\common\42058_Duke\002\HH PRGs\PRG calculations\Soil - Template-EPA-non-M-V11-ConstructionW-D2-RBC update.xlsx 1/8/2016

Page 1 of 4
Attachment H -Table 4-8
Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Groundwater
CONSTRUCTION - CONSTRUCTION WORKER (ADULT) Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes
Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration
NTV - no toxicity value available
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ABS - absorption
factor
UR - cancer unit
risk
COPC - chemical of potenital concern
e Calculations
Ta
water Dermal Parameters
Cancer ToxicityValues
COPC
CASRN
EPC
Fntake„,,n,nr
7DZ
DAions i
EC,,,,
B
t*
Kp
FA
In EPD?
CSF,r,i CSFd,r,,,i
IUR
RBCina,,mn
RBCd.rm,i
R(mg/L)g/kglday)ay)
(mg/kglday)
(ug/m')
(unitless)
(hrlevent)
(hr)
(cmlhr)
(unitless)
(YIN)
(mglkglday)''
(mg/kg/day)'
(uglms)''
(mglL)
(mglL)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.00E-03
NC
INC
INC
NE
2.0E-03
1.5E-01
3.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
INC
INC
NE
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
4.2E-03
5.1E-01
1.2E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.00E-03
1.2E-10
1.6E-09
3.1E-11
NE
3.3E-03
2.8E-01
6.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.5E+00 1.5E+00
4.3E-03
5.7E+02
2.1E+03
NE
4.5E+02
Barium
7440-39-3
1.00E-03
NC
INC
NC
NE
4.5E-03
6.2E-01
1.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Beryllium
7440-41-7
1.00E-03
INC
INC
NC
NE
1.2E-03
1.2E-01
2.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.4E-03
NC
NC
NE
Boron
7440-42-8
1.00E-03
NC
INC
NC
NE
1.4E-03
1.3E-01
3.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
4.1E-03
4.5E-01
1.1E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.8E-03
NC
NC
NE
Calcium
7440-70-2
1.00E-03
NC
INC
NC
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Cobalt
7440-48-0
1.00E-03
INC
NC
INC
NE
1.2E-03
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
4.0E-04
1
Y
9.0E-03
NC
NC
NE
Copper
7440-50-8
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
3.1E-03
2.4E-01
5.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Iron
7439-89-6
1.00E-03
INC
INC
NC
NE
2.9E-03
2.2E-01
5.2E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Lead
7439-92-1
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
5.5E-04
1.5E+00
3.7E+00
1.0E-04
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
1.00E-03
INC
NC
INC
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.00E-03
NC
INC
NC
NE
2.9E-03
2.1E-01
5.1E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.00E-03
INC
NC
NC
NE
5.4E-03
1.4E+00
3.4E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
1.00E-03
NC
INC
NC
NE
3.8E-03
3.6E-01
8.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Nickel
7440-02-0
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
5.9E-04
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
2.0E-04
1
Y
2.4E-04
NC
NC
NE
Potassium
7440-09-7
1.00E-03
NC
INC
NC
NE
2.0E-04
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
1.00E-03
INC
NC
NC
NE
3.4E-03
2.9E-01
7.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Sodium
7440-23-5
1.00E-03
NC
INC
NC
NE
6.0E-04
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
1.00E-03
INC
NC
INC
NE
3.6E-03
3.3E-01
7.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
5.5E-03
1.5E+00
3.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
2.7E-03
2.0E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.00E-03
INC
NC
INC
HE
1.9E-03
2.4E-01
5.9E-01
6.0E-04
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
3.0E-03
2.3E-01
5.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Sulfde
18496-25-8
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
4.0E-04
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
1.00E-03
1.2E-10
3.2E-09
6.3E-11
NE
5.5E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
2.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-01 2.0E+01
8.4E-02
1.7E+03
7.9E+01
NE
7.6E+01
1/6/2016

Page 2 of 4
:hment H -Table 4-8
Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
,ation of Risk Based Concentrations - Groundwater
STRUCTION - CONSTRUCTION WORKER (ADULT)
an Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
( )
NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - risk based concentration COPC - chemical of potenital concern
NTV - no tmdcity value
available
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ABS - absorption
factor
RfC - reference concentration
Intake Calculations
Tapwater Dermal Parameters
Non -Cancer Toxicity Values
COPC
CASRN
EPC
rbakein
DA„„nr
DADd,,,aai
EC„n„
B
c
t`
Kp
FA
In EPD?
RfD,rai
RfDd,m,ai
RfC
RBCina,.n.n
RBCd.rm,i
RBC,_r
RBC­(mg/L)
glkg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(mglkglday)
(mg/m')
(unitless)
(hrlevent)
(hr)
(cMhr)
(unitless)
(YIN)
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(mglm')
(mglL)
(mglL)
(mg/L)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
1.6E-09
2.2E-09
NE
2.0E-03
1.5E-01
3.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.0E+00
1.0E+00
5.0E-03
1.2E+05
4.5E+05
NE
9.6E+04
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
1.6E-09
2.2E-09
NE
4.2E-03
5.1E-01
1.2E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
4.0E-04
6.0E-05
4.9E+01
2.7E+01
NE
1.7E+01
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
1.6E-09
2.2E-09
NE
3.3E-03
2.8E-01
6.6E-01
1.0E-03
0.6
Y
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1.5E-05
3.7E+01
1.4E+02
NE
2.9E+01
Barium
7440-39-3
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
1.6E-09
2.2E-09
NE
4.5E-03
6.2E-01
1.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.0E-01
1.4E-02
5.0E-03
2.4E+04
6.4E+03
NE
5.0E+03
Beryllium
7440-41-7
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
1.6E-09
2.2E-09
NE
1.2E-03
1.2E-01
2.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
2.0E-05
6.1E+02
2.3E+03
NE
4.8E+02
Boron
7440-42-8
1.00E-03
6.2E-09
1.6E-09
2.2E-09
NE
1.4E-03
1.3E-01
3.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-02
2.4E+04
9.1E+04
NE
1.9E+Oq
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
1.6E-09
2.2E-09
NE
4.1E-03
4.5E-01
1.1E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.0E-03
2.5E-05
2.0E-05
1.2E+02
1.1E+01
NE
1.0E+01
Calcium
7440-70-2
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
1.6E-09
2.2E-09
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NTV
NTV
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
1.6E-09
2.2E-09
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
1.8E+05
9.1E+03
NE
8.6E+03
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
1.6E-09
2.2E-09
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
1.8E+05
9.1E+03
NE
8.6E+03
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
6.4E-10
8.8E-10
NE
1.2E-03
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
4.0E-04
1
Y
3.0E-03
3.0E-03
2.0E-05
3.7E+02
3.4E+03
NE
3.3E+02
Copper
7440-50-8
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
1.6E-09
2.2E-09
NE
3.1E-03
2.4E-01
5.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
4.0E-02
4.0E-02
4.9E+03
1.8E+04
NE
3.8E+03
Iron
7439-89-6
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
1.6E-09
2.2E-09
NE
2.9E-03
2.2E-01
5.2E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
7.0E-01
7.0E-01
8.5E+04
3.2E+05
NE
6.7E+04
Lead
7439-92-1
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
1.6E-10
2.2E-10
NE
5.5E-04
1.5E+00
3.7E+00
1.0E-04
1
Y
NTV
NTV
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
1.6E-09
2.2E-09
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NTV
NTV
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
1.6E-09
2.2E-09
NE
2.9E-03
2.1E-01
5.1E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.4E-01
5.6E-03
5.0E-05
1.7E+04
2.5E+03
NE
2.2E+03
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
1.6E-09
2.2E-09
NE
5.4E-03
1.4E+00
3.4E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.0E-03
1.4E-04
3.0E-04
2.4E+02
6.4E+01
NE
5.0E+01
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
1.6E-09
2.2E-09
NE
3.8E-03
3.6E-01
8.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
6.1E+02
2.3E+03
NE
4.8E+02
Nickel
7440-02-0
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
3.2E-10
4.4E-10
NE
5.9E-04
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
2.0E-04
1
Y
2.0E-02
8.0E-04
2.0E-04
2.4E+03
1.8E+03
NE
1.0E+03
Potassium
7440-09-7
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
3.2E-10
4.4E-10
NE
2.0E-04
1
Y
NTV
NTV
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
1.6E-09
2.2E-09
NE
3.4E-03
2.9E-01
7.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
2.0E-02
6.1E+02
2.3E+03
NE
4.8E+02
Sodium
7440-23-5
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
9.6E-10
1.3E-09
NE
6.0E-04
1
Y
NTV
NTV
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
1.6E-09
2.2E-09
NE
3.6E-03
3.3E-01
7.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.0E+00
2.0E+00
2.4E+05
9.1E+05
NE
1.9E+05
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
1.6E-09
2.2E-09
NE
5.5E-03
1.5E+00
3.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NTV
NTV
NE
Titanium
7440-326
E-03
8.2E-09
16E09
2.2E-0
NE
1.0E-03
NTV
NTV
NE
7440-62-2
1.00E-03
82E-09
1.
6E-09
22E-09
E
NVanadium
2.7E-03
2.0E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.0E-02
1.0E-02
1.0E-04
1.2E+03
4.5E+03
NE
9.6E+02
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
9.6E-10
1.3E-09
NE
1.9E-03
2.4E-01
5.9E-01
6.0E-04
1
Y
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.7E+04
2.3E+05
NE
3.1E+04
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
1.6E-09
2.2E-09
NE
3.0E-03
2.3E-01
5.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.6E+00
1.6E+00
1.9E+05
7.3E+05
NE
1.5E+05
Sulfide
18496-25-8
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
6.3E-10
8.7E-10
NE
4.0E-04
1
Y
NTV
NTV
NE
Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9
1.00E-03
8.2E-09
3.2E-09
4.4E-09
NE
5.5E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
2.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-03
1.3E-04
3.0E-04
6.1E+02
3.0E+01
NE
2.8E+01
1/6/2016

3chment H - Table 4-8
k Based Concentration Summary
ivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Groundwater
NSTRUCTION - CONSTRUCTION WORKER (ADULT)
n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potenital concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: remedial not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
Non -Cancer
(mg/L)
Cancer
(mg/L)
Final
I (mg/l.
I Basis
Aluminum
t4ZV_bu_*
a.et+u4
a.et+u4 nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.7E+01
1.7E+01 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
2.9E+01
4.5E+02 2.9E+01 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
5.0E+03
5.0E+03 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
4.8E+02
4.8E+02 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
1.9E+04
1.9E+04 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.0E+01
1.0E+01 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
8.6E+03
8.6E+03 nc
Chromium III
16065-83-1
8.6E+03
8.6E+03 nc
Cobalt
7440484
3.3E+02
3.3E+02 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
3.8E+03
3.8E+03 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
6.7E+04
6.7E+04 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
2.2E+03
2.2E+03 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
5.0E+01
5.0E+01 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
4.8E+02
4.8E+02 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
1.0E+03
1.0E+03 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
4.8E+02
4.8E+02 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
1.9E+05
1.9E+05 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
NA
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
9.6E+02
9.6E+02 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
3.1 E+04
3.1E+04 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.5E+05
1.5E+05 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
Chromium VI(hexavalent)
18540-29-9
2.8E+01
7.6E+01 2.8E+01 nc
Page 3 of 4
1 /6/2016

Page 4 of 4
Table 4-8
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Total Risk Based Concentration
RBC-m 1 = 1
1(1/RBCmg,,tim) + (1/RBCtl.-W) + (1/RBC,„ p)]
Cancer -Based Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
TR
RBCmgeati- =
Intake;ng *CSF
[EPC]w ,*IR*FI*EF*ED*C1
Intake;,,g (e , gra„ p,) = BW * AT
iiretima
Cancer -Based Risk Based Concentration from Dermal Absorption
RBCtl _1 = TR
DADde,,,, * CSF
DAD e,,,, DA-*t * SA * EV * EF * ED
tl (a .,-p x) -
AT;;w;me
DkE t = [EPC]w, , * PCevent
Organic Compounds:
PCeventTevent<t• _ 2 * FA. Kp . 6 * r * Tevent
Kip r/Tevent\ r1+3B+3B'\l
PCeventTevent =t* = FA * C2 * l 1 + B /JI+ 2 • T * ` 1
Inorganics Compounds:
PCevent = KP * Tevent
C2
Cancer -Based Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
TR
RBCmhaiagm =
EC�w, *IUR
EC ­a e _ [EPC]vnpoR * ETv,p * EF * ED * C1
l g group,) - 24 * ATr�ime
Noncancer-Based Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC;,,gestim = THI
Intake;ng / RfD
Intake,,, - [EPC]water * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1
BW * AT
Noncancer-Based Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
THI
RBCtlermai =
DADd- / RfD
DAD erm - DAE-t * DFWadj
tl (a .,—p a) —
DAE-t = [EPC]w, , * PCevent
Organic Compounds:
PCeventTevent<t* - 2 * FA. Kp , 6 * r •Tevent
Kip r/Tevent) (1+3B+3B'
PCeventTevent =t* = FA * C2 * ILI\ 1 + B /I-2— I\ t + 1 B : /Ill
)
Inorganics Compounds:
PCevent = KP * Tevent
C2
Noncancer-Based Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
R13C,1h111tiw - THI
EC , / RfC
EC„� _ [EPC]VAPOR * ETVap * EF * ED * C2
24 * AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
--
(mg/kg-day)-
IUR
Chemical specific
--
(ug/m3)-1
Intake
Age/chemical specific
--
mg/kg-day
EC-
Age/chemical specific
--
(ug/m')
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
--
unitless
RfD
--
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
RfC
--
Chemical specific
(mg/m3)
DAD
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
DAE-
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/cm`-event
EC„�
--
Age/chemical specific
mg/m'
HO
--
Age/chemical specific
unitless
[EPC]water
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/L
PCevent
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
L/cm2-event
[EPCJ„,,
----NOT USED-----
-----NOT USED---
ug/m'
BW
80
80
kg
EF
60
60
day/year
ED
1
1
year
AT
--
365
day
ATlifetime
25550
--
day
IR
0.004
0.004
L/day
FI
1
1
unitless
SA
670
670
cm2
Tevent
1.60
1.6
hr/event
EV
1
1
event/day
C1
0.001
0.001
mg/ug
ETVap
1.6
1.6
hr/day
C2
1000
1000
cm'/L
1/6/2016

Page 1 of 4
:hment I - Table 4-9
Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
,ation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
ite Recreational Swimmer - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
an Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04
NC - not carcinogenic by this e�posure route
NV - not volatile
EC - eposure concentration
CSF - cancer slope factor
RBC - Risk Based Concentration
NTV - no towcity value available
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ASS - absorption factor
UR - cancer unit risk
COPC - chemical of potential concern
Intake Calculations
Absorption Factors
Cancer
Toxicity Values
Intake;ng„u„
(mglkglday)
DAD--
(mglkglday)
EC,,,W,re
(ug/m')
EC,,,p«
(uglm')
(ABS,..
unitless)
ABSd
(unitless)
CSF«,i
(mglkglday)-'
CSF—..'
(mg/kg,
IUR
(uglin
COPC CASRN
RBC1„ tWn
RBCa .,i
RBCmn ,i,r,
RBC„�„
RBCrorai
Aluminum
7429-90-5
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Antimony
7440-36-0
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Arsenic
7440-38-2
7.3E-09
3.9E-08
NE
NE
0.6
0.03
1.5E+00 1.5E+00
4.3E-03
9.1E+03
1.7E+03
NE
NE 14E+03
Barium
7440-39-3
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Beryllium
7440-41-7
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
2.4E-03
NC
NC
NE
NE
Boron
7440-42-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Cadmium
7440-43-9
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
1.8E-03
NC
NC
NE
NE
Calcium
7440-70-2
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Chromium III
16065-83-1
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Cobalt
7440-48-4
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
9.0E-03
NC
NC
NE
NE
Copper
7440-50-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Iron
7439-89-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Lead
7439-92-1
NC
NC
NE
NE
1
NC
NC
NE
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Mercury
7439-97-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Nickel
7440-02-0
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
2.4E-04
NC
NC
NE
NE
Potassium
7440-09-7
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Sodium
7440-23-5
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Thallium
7440-28-0
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Zinc
7440-66-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Nitrate
14797-55-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
1/6/2016

Page 2 of 4
Attachment I - Table 4-9
Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
Off -Site Recreational Swimmer - CHILD (AGE <6)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
NV - not volatile
EC - exposure concentration
RfD - reference dose
RBC - Risk Based Concentration
COPC - Chemical of potential Concern
NTV - no toxicity value available
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ABS - absorption
factor
RfC - reference concentration
Intake Calculations
Absorption Factors
Non -Cancer
Toxicity Values
Intakel,s„tip,
(mg/kg/day)"
DADder-
(mg/kg/day)
ECpenlpwete
(mglm3)
EC,,,aor
(mg/m3)
ABSING
(unitless)
ABSd
(unities s)
RfDo l
(mglkg/day)
RfDd,.,l
(mg/kg/day)
RfC
(mg/m3)
COPC CASRN
RBCI,,,,t; .
RBCd,r,,,l
RBCpen;puiete
RBC__
RBCtpaei
Aluminum
7429-90-5
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
1.0E+00
1.0E+00
5.0E-03
1.2E+07
NE
NE
1.2E+07
Antimony
7440-36-0
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
4.0E-04
6.0E-05
4.9E+03
NE
NE
4.9E+03
Arsenic
7440-38-2
4.9E-08
1.6E-07
NE
NE
0.6
0.03
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1.5E-05
6.1E+03
1.9E+03
NE
NE
1.5E+03
Barium
7440-39-3
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
2.0E-01
1.4E-02
5.0E-04
2.4E+06
NE
NE
2.4E+06
Beryllium
7440-41-7
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
2.0E-03
1.4E-05
2.0E-05
2.4E+04
NE
NE
2.4E+04
Boron
7440-42-8
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-02
2.4E+06
NE
NE
2.4E+06
Cadmium
7440-43-9
8.2E-08
5.2E-09
NE
NE
1
0.001
1.0E-03
2.5E-05
2.0E-05
1.2E+04
4.8E+03
NE
NE
3.4E+03
Calcium
7440-70-2
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
1.8E+07
NE
NE
1.8E+07
Chromium III
16065-83-1
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
1.8E+07
NE
NE
1.8E+07
Cobalt
7440-48-4
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
6.0E-06
3.7E+03
NE
NE
3.7E+03
Copper
7440-50-8
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
4.0E-02
4.0E-02
4.9E+05
NE
NE
4.9E+05
Iron
7439-89-6
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
7.0E-01
7.0E-01
8.5E+06
NE
NE
8.5E+06
Lead
7439-92-1
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
1.4E-01
5.6E-03
5.0E-05
1.7E+06
NE
NE
1.7E+06
Mercury
7439-97-6
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
3.0E-04
2.1E-05
3.0E-04
3.7E+03
NE
NE
3.7E+03
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
6.1E+04
NE
NE
6.1E+04
Nickel
7440-02-0
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
2.0E-02
8.0E-04
9.0E-05
2.4E+05
NE
NE
2.4E+05
Potassium
7440-09-7
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
2.0E-02
6.1E+04
NE
NE
6.1E+04
Sodium
7440-23-5
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
6.0E-01
6.0E-01
7.3E+06
NE
NE
7.3E+06
Thallium
7440-28-0
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
1.0E-05
1.0E-05
1.2E+02
NE
NE
1.2E+02
Titanium
7440-32-6
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
5.0E-03
1.3E-04
1.0E-04
6.1E+04
NE
NE
6.1E+04
Zinc
7440-66-6
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.7E+06
NE
NE
3.7E+06
Nitrate
14797-55-8
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
1.6E+00
1.6E+00
1.9E+07
NE
NE
1.9E+07
Sulfide
18496-25-8
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
1/6/2016

Page 3 of 4
Attachment I - Table 4-9
Risk Based Concentration Summary
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
Off -Site Recreational Swimmer - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes
Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Tar et Cancer Risk er Chemical 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; Risk Based Concentration not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
I Cancer
(mg/kg)
Final
(mg/kg)
Basis
Aluminum
/42U-W-b
I.LL+U/
I.LL+ut nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
4.9E+03
4.9E+03 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.5E+03
1.4E+03 1.4E+03 c
Barium
7440-39-3
2.4E+06
2.4E+06 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
2.4E+04
2.4E+04 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
2.4E+06
2.4E+06 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
3.4E+03
3.4E+03 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.8E+07
1.8E+07 nc
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.8E+07
1.8E+07 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
3.7E+03
3.7E+03 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
4.9E+05
4.9E+05 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
8.5E+06
8.5E+06 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.7E+06
1.7E+06 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
3.7E+03
3.7E+03 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
6.1E+04
6.1E+04 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.4E+05
2.4E+05 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
6.1E+04
6.1E+04 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
7.3E+06
7.3E+06 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.2E+02
1.2E+02 nc
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
6.1E+04
6.1E+04 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
3.7E+06
3.7E+06 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.9E+07
1.9E+07 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1 /6/2016

Page 4 of 4
Table 4-9
Risk Based Concentration Calculations - Composite Receptor/Age-Adjusted
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Total Risk Based Concentration
RBCmra; = 1
[(1/RBC,�g.s,.,)+(1/RBCde .1)+(1/RBCpan)+(1/RBCap)]
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC„g,sj; = TR / Intake,,,* CSF
[EPC1s 1 * IFSadj * ABSiNO * FI * EF * C1
I ntake,ng (age g,n,P x)=
B W x ` ATerauma
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCde, A = TR / DAD * CSF
DAD e,n a e - DAE.a,r * SA * EV * EF * ED
d (e 9�n�P "1- BW„ * AT
rrarlma
DAEanr = [EPC]s j, * DFSadj * C1
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC,nge i,n= THI
Intake,,, * RfD
Intaken, = [EPC]sn;i * IR * ABS,ng * FI * EF * ED * C1
BW*AT
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCda,,,a,= THI
DAD * RfD
DADda„ = DAEvenr * SA * EV * EF * ED
BW*AT
DAEanr = [EPC]s 1, * ABSd * AF * C1
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC;nna,ar;,,= TR / ECG IUR
[EPC]PART * ETPa,, * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]VAPOR * ETvap * EF * ED
EC- (a9a e,ow x)=
24 * ATrreume
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC;nna,adnn= THI
EC- * RfC
EC,, = [EPC]PART * ETp.,i * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPC]VAPOR * ETvap * EF * ED * C2
24*AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
(mg/kg-day)-'
IUR
Chemical specific
--
(ug/m')-'
Intake
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
ECG
Age/chemical specific
(ug/m')
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
unitless
RfD
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
RfC
Chemical specific
(mg/m')
DAD
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
DAE—t
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/cm2-event
EC-
Age/chemical specific
mg/ma
HQ
Age/chemical specific
unitless
[EPC]so;,
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/kg
[EPC]PART
-----NOT USED-----
-----NOT USED-----
ug/m'
[EPC]vAPOR
-----NOT USED-----
-----NOT USED-----
ug/m'
ABS;,g
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
ABSd
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
BW
NA
15
kg
EF
45
45
day/year
ED
26
6
year
AT
--
2190
day
ATlifetime
25550
--
day
IFSadj
7
--
mg-yr/kg-day
IR
NA
10
mg/day
FI
1
1
unitless
C1
0.000001
0.000001
kg/mg
SA
NA
6378
cm2
AF
NA
0.1
mg/cm2
EV
1
1
event/day
DFSadj
741
NA
mg-yr/kg-day
ETPart
1
2
hours/day
C2
0.001
0.001
mg/ug
ETVap
ug/mg
1 /6/2016

Page 1 of 4
Attachment I Table 4-9
Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
OH -Site Recreational Swimmer -CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes
Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04
INC - not carcinooenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC -risk based concentration
NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potential concern
Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Muta enic Cancer Toxicity Values
COPC CASRN EPC Soil Intakeing„,ign DADann+i ECp ftl.ul . EC�+p., ABSING ABSd MOA? CSFgr+i CSFd+,m+i IUR RBCing+pmn RBCd—.i RBCp+ _,.r+ RBC-_ RBCr.r.i
(mglkg) (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (ug/m') (ug/m') (unitless) (unitless) (mg/kglday)" (mg/kg/day)-' (uglm')"
Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.0E+00 5.1E-08 FALSE NE NE 1 Y 5.0E-01 2.0E+01 8.4E-02 3.9E+03 NE NE 3.9E+03
1/6/2016

Page 2 of 4
Attachment I Table 4.9
Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
Off -Site Recreational Swimmer - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes
Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC -risk based concentration COPC - chemical of Dotential concern
NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dennally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration
Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values
COPC CASRN EPC Soil Intake;,,a„�;o„ DADa.rmm ECn,nmm.�, EC„enp, ABSING ABSa RfDo„ i RfDa.rmm RfC RBC;s„r;o„ RBCa,,,,,,i RBCpar;�„„ re RBCx,np, RBCrpr,i
(mg/kg) (mglkglday) (mglkglday) (mglm') (mglm') (unitless) (unities (mglkglday) (mglkglday) (mglm')
Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.0E+00 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 3.0E-03 7.5E-05 1.0E-04 3.7E+04 NE NE 3.7E+04
1/6/2016

Attachment I Table 4-9
Risk Based Concentration Summary
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
Off -Site Recreational Swimmer - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
COPC - chemical of potential concern
c -risk based concentration based on EPCs
Page 3 of 4
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Taraet Cancer Risk (oer Chemical) 1 E-04
nc -risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
NA - no toxicitv value available:Risk Based Concentration not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
Cancer
(mg/kg)
Final
(mg/kg)
Basis
Chromium A (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 3.7E+04 3.9E+03 3.9E+03 c
1 /6/2016

Page 4 of 4
Attachment I Table 4-9
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Total Risk Based Concentration
1
RBCrotal =
[(1 /RBCingestlor) + (1 /RBCdarna) + (1 /RBCpan) + (1 /RBCvap)]
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC,ngaat;on= TR / Intakeng* CSF
[EPC]aon *[IFSadj - OR - IFSM] * ABSING * FI * EF * C1
Intakeng (age group.)= BW. * AT
Ircauma
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCdarn,al = TR / DAD * CSF
DADdarmiagagmup.)= DAEvant * SA * EV * EF * ED
BW. * ATlneame
DAEvent = [EPC]ao;I * [DFSadj - OR - DFSM] * C1
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC;nhalauon = TR / ECoan * IUR
ECoan (age [EPC]PART * ETPan * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]VAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED
g group _ 24 * AT
Ircauma
For muta ens, IHHM is used in place of ED
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration foringestior
THI
RBC;ngeet;on =
Intakemgn9 / RfD
Intakeng = [EPC]aojI * IR * ABSIng * FI * EF * ED * C1
BW * AT
Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCden aI= THI
DAD / RfD
DADda,n, = DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED
BW * AT
DAEvant = [EPC]ao;I * ABSd * AF * C1
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC;nhalat;on= THI
ECno / RfC
ECno = [EPC]PART * ETPan * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPCI.POR * ETVap * EF * ED * C2
24 * AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
(mg/kg-day)-'
IUR
Chemical specific
(ug/m')-'
Intake
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
ECoan
Age/chemical specific
(ug/m')
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
unitless
RfD
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
RfC
Chemical specific
(mg/m')
DAD
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
DAE-ut
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/cm2-event
ECno
Age/chemical specific
mg/rn'
HQ
Age/chemical specific
unitless
[EPC]aaI
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/kg
[EPC]PART
-----NOT USED-----
-----NOT USED-----
ug/m'
[EPC]VAPOR
-----NOT USED-----
-----NOT USED-----
ug/m'
ABS;ng
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
ABSd
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
BW
NA
15
kg
EF
45
45
day/year
ED
26
2
year
AT
--
730
day
ATlifetime
25550
--
day
IFSadj
7
mg-yr/kg-day
IFSM
29
--
mg-yr/kg-day
IR
NA
10
mg/day
FI
1
1
unitless
C1
0.000001
0.000001
kg/mg
SA
NA
6378
cm2
AF
NA
0.1
mg/cm2
EV
1
1
event/day
DFSadj
741
--
mg-yr/kg-day
DFSM
2454
--
mg-yr/kg-day
ETPart
2
2
hours/day
C2
0.001
0.001
mg/ug
ETVap
2
2
ug/mg
WHIM
6480
unitless
1 /6/2016

Page 1 of 4
Attachment J - Table 4-10
Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water
Off -Site Recreational Swimmer - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes
Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
NC - not carcinoaenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentrations
NTV - no toxicity value available
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ABS - absorption
factor
UR - cancer unit
risk
COPC - chemical of potenital concern
e Calculations
Ta
water Dermal Parameters
Cancer ToxicityValues
COPC
CASRN
EPC
Fntaker
7DZ
DAions ei
EC„ee,
B
t*
Kp
FA
In EPD?
CSFerei CSFde,m
IUR
RBCina*emn
RBCderm(mg/L)g/kglday)ay)
(mg/kglday)
(ug/m')
(unitless)
(hrlevent)
(hr)
(cmlhr)
(unitless)
(YIN)
(mglkglday)''
(mglkglday)''
(uglms)
(mglL)
(mglL)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.00E-03
NC
INC
INC
NE
2.0E-03
1.5E-01
3.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
INC
INC
NE
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
4.2E-03
5.1E-01
1.2E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.00E-03
1.3E-07
2.0E-09
2.9E-08
NE
3.3E-03
2.8E-01
6.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.5E+00 1.5E+00
4.3E-03
5.0E-01
2.3E+00
NE
4.1E-01
Barium
7440-39-3
1.00E-03
NC
INC
NC
NE
4.5E-03
6.2E-01
1.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Beryllium
7440-41-7
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
1.2E-03
1.2E-01
2.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.4E-03
NC
NC
NE
Boron
7440-42-8
1.00E-03
NC
INC
NC
NE
1.4E-03
1.3E-01
3.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
4.1E-03
4.5E-01
1.1E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.8E-03
NC
NC
NE
Calcium
7440-70-2
1.00E-03
NC
INC
NC
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Cobalt
7440-48-0
1.00E-03
INC
NC
INC
NE
1.2E-03
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
4.0E-04
1
Y
9.0E-03
NC
NC
NE
Copper
7440-50-8
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
3.1E-03
2.4E-01
5.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Iron
7439-89-6
1.00E-03
INC
INC
NC
NE
2.9E-03
2.2E-01
5.2E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Lead
7439-92-1
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
5.5E-04
1.5E+00
3.7E+00
1.0E-04
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
1.00E-03
INC
NC
INC
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.00E-03
NC
INC
NC
NE
2.9E-03
2.1E-01
5.1E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.00E-03
INC
NC
NC
NE
5.4E-03
1.4E+00
3.4E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
1.00E-03
NC
INC
NC
NE
3.8E-03
3.6E-01
8.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Nickel
7440-02-0
1.00E-03
NC
INC
NC
NE
5.9E-04
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
2.0E-04
1
Y
2.4E-04
NC
NC
NE
Potassium
7440-09-7
1.00E-03
NC
INC
NC
NE
2.0E-04
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
1.00E-03
INC
NC
NC
NE
3.4E-03
2.9E-01
7.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Sodium
7440-23-5
1.00E-03
NC
INC
NC
NE
6.0E-04
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
1.00E-03
INC
NC
INC
NE
3.6E-03
3.3E-01
7.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
5.5E-03
1.5E+00
3.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
1.00E-03
INC
INC
NC
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
2.7E-03
2.0E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.00E-03
INC
NC
INC
NE
1.9E-03
2.4E-01
5.9E-01
6.0E-04
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
3.0E-03
2.3E-01
5.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Sulfde
18496-25-8
1.00E-03
INC
NC
NC
NE
4.0E-04
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
1/8/2016

Page 2 of 4
:hment J - Table 4-10
Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
,ation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water
site Recreational Swimmer - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
an Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - risk based concentrations COPC - chemical of potenital concern
NTV - no tmdcity value available
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ABS - absorption
factor
RfC - reference concentration
Intake Calculations
Tapwater Dermal Parameters
Non -Cancer Toxicity Values
COPC
CASRN
EPC
rtal�,,,, naa
DA..
DADda„aai
EC„ana,
B
c
t*
Kp
FA
In EPD?
RfD„a,
RfDdam,ai
RfC
RBCina,.n.n
RBCd.r 1
RBC*,po,
RBCtann
(mg/L)
gg/day)
(mglkg/day)
(mg/kglday)
(mg/m')
(unitless)
(hrlevent)
(hr)
(cMhr)
(unitless)
(YIN)
(mglkglday)
(mglkg/day)
(mglm')
(mglL)
(mglL)
(mg/L)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
1.0E-07
NE
2.0E-03
1.5E-01
3.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.0E+00
1.0E+00
5.0E-03
1.2E+03
9.5E+03
NE
1.1E+03
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
1.0E-07
NE
4.2E-03
5.1E-01
1.2E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
4.0E-04
6.0E-05
4.9E-01
5.7E-01
NE
2.6E-01
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
1.0E-07
NE
3.3E-03
2.8E-01
6.6E-01
0E-0
0.6
Y
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1.5E-05
3.7E-01
2.9E+00
NE
3.2E-01
ariu
740-39-3
1.00E-03
8.2E07
2.0E-09
1.0E-07
NE
4.5E-03
6.2E-01
1.5E+00
1.
1
Y
20E-01
14E02
50E-04
2.4E+02
1.3E+02
NE
8.6E+01B
Beryllium
7440-41-7
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
1.0E-07
NE
1.2E-03
1.2E-01
2.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.0E-03
1.4E-05
2.0E-05
2.4E+00
1.3E-01
NE
1.3E-01
Boron
7440-42-8
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
1.0E-07
NE
1.4E-03
1.3E-01
3.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-02
2.4E+02
1.9E+03
NE
2.2E+02
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
1.0E-07
NE
4.1E-03
4.5E-01
1.1E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.0E-03
2.5E-05
2.0E-05
1.2E+00
2.4E-01
NE
2.0E-01
Calcium
7440-70-2
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
1.0E-07
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NTV
NTV
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
1.0E-07
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
1.8E+03
1.9E+02
NE
1.7E+02
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
1.0E-07
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
1.8E+03
1.9E+02
NE
1.7E+02
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
8.0E-10
4.2E-08
NE
1.2E-03
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
4.0E-04
1
Y
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
6.0E-06
3.7E-01
7.2E+00
NE
3.5E-01
Copper
7440-50-8
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
1.0E-07
NE
3.1E-03
2.4E-01
5.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
4.0E-02
4.0E-02
4.9E+01
3.8E+02
NE
4.3E+01
Iron
7439-89-6
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
1.0E-07
NE
2.9E-03
2.2E-01
5.2E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
7.0E-01
7.0E-01
8.5E+02
6.7E+03
NE
7.6E+02
Lead
7439-92-1
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-10
1.0E-08
NE
5.5E-04
1.5E+00
3.7E+00
1.0E-04
1
Y
NTV
NTV
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
1.0E-07
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NTV
NTV
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
1.0E-07
NE
2.9E-03
2.1E-01
5.1E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.4E-01
5.6E-03
5.0E-05
1.7E+02
5.3E+01
NE
4.1E+01
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
1.0E-07
NE
5.4E-03
1.4E+00
3.4E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
3.0E-04
2.1E-05
3.0E-04
3.7E-01
2.0E-01
NE
1.3E-01
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
1.0E-07
NE
3.8E-03
3.6E-01
8.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
6.1E+00
4.8E+01
NE
5.4E+00
Nickel
7440-02-0
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
4.0E-10
2.1E-08
NE
5.9E-04
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
2.0E-04
1
Y
2.0E-02
8.0E-04
9.0E-05
2.4E+01
3.8E+01
NE
1.5E+01
Potassium
7440-09-7
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
4.0E-10
2.1E-08
NE
2.0E-04
1
Y
NTV
NTV
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
1.0E-07
NE
3.4E-03
2.9E-01
7.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
2.0E-02
6.1E+00
4.8E+01
NE
5.4E+00
Sodium
7440-23-5
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
1.2E-09
6.3E-08
NE
6.0E-04
1
Y
NTV
NTV
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
1.0E-07
NE
3.6E-03
3.3E-01
7.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
6.0E-01
6.0E-01
7.3E+02
5.7E+03
NE
6.5E+02
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
1.0E-07
NE
5.5E-03
1.5E+00
3.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NTV
NTV
NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
1.0E-07
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NTV
NTV
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
1.0E-07
NE
2.7E-03
2.0E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-03
1.3E-04
1.0E-04
6.1E+00
1.2E+00
NE
1.0E+00
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
1.2E-09
6.3E-08
NE
1.9E-03
2.4E-01
5.9E-01
6.0E-04
1
Y
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.7E+02
4.8E+03
NE
3.4E+02
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
1.0E-07
NE
3.0E-03
2.3E-01
5.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.6E+00
1.6E+00
1.9E+03
1.5E+04
NE
1.7E+03
Sulfide
18496-25-8
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
7.9E-10
4.2E-08
NE
4.0E-04
1
Y
NTV
NTV
NE
1/8/2016

Page 3 of 4
achment J -Table 4-10
;k Based Concentrations Summary
rivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water
-Site Recreational Swimmer - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potenital concern nc - risk based concentrations based on non -cancer hazard index
c - risk based concentrations based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available; remedial not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/L)
Cancer
I (mg/L)
Final
I (mg/L)
Basis
Aluminum
142U-9U-b
1.1t+u3
1.11=+U3 nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
2.6E-01
2.6E-01 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
3.2E-01
4.1E-01 3.2E-01 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
8.6E+01
8.6E+01 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
1.3E-01
1.3E-01 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
2.2E+02
2.2E+02 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
2.0E-01
2.0E-01 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.7E+02
1.7E+02 nc
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.7E+02
1.7E+02 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
3.5E-01
3.5E-01 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
4.3E+01
4.3E+01 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
7.6E+02
7.6E+02 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
4.1E+01
4.1E+01 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.3E-01
1.3E-01 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
5.4E+00
5.4E+00 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
1.5E+01
1.5E+01 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
5.4E+00
5.4E+00 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
6.5E+02
6.5E+02 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
NA
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.0E+00
1.0E+00 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
3.4E+02
3.4E+02 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.7E+03
1.7E+03 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1 /8/2016

Page 4 of 4
Table 4-10
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Total Risk Based Concentrations
1
RBC,�,;= [(1/RBC;nge*non)+(IMCdenn,;)+(1/RBC,.,p)]
Cancer -Risk Based Concentrations for Ingestion
RBC;nga,ti. = TR
Intake;ng * CSF
[EPC]w,t,r * IFWadj * FI
Intake;ng (,g, gm„ p,) = BW * ATliwime
Cancer -Risk Based Concentrations from Dermal Absorption
TR
RBCdern,,; =
DADd,,,,, *CSF
DAE„nt * DFWadj
DADd.. (ageg—p.) _
ATiiretima
DAE*ant = [EPC]„„ tar * PCevent
Organic Compounds:
PCeventTeventIX* _ 2 • FA * Cz , F6.7..
* T *aTevent
Kp Tevent 1 + 3B + 3B'
PCeventTevent—t* = FA * C2 * 1 + B + 2 * T * 1 + B '
Inorganics Compounds:
PCevent = Kp * Tevent
C2
Cancer -Risk Based Concentrations
for Inhalation
RBC;nh,;,ti. =
TR
EC_ *IUR
[EPC]VAPOR * ETvw * EF * ED * C1
ECe,n _
(a .,—p=) —
24 * ATiiwime
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentrations for Ingestion
RBCmge3non =
THI
Intake;ng / RfD
Intake;ng =
[EPC]w,t,r * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1
BW * AT
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentrations for Dermal Absorption
THI
RBCd..d =
DADd,rn, / RfD
DADd ,m, = DAE„snt * SA * EV * EF * ED
(age 9rwp=1 BW*AT
DAE*ant = [EPC]„„ tar * PCevent
Organic Compounds:
PCeventTevent<t* _ 2 * FA * C2 . 6 * T *R event
Kp Tevent 1 + 3B + 3B'
PCeventTevent>=t* = FA * C2 * 1 + B + 2 * T * 1 + B
) C
Inorganics Compounds:
PCevent = Kp * Tevent
C2
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentrations for Inhalation
THI
RBC;nh,;,ti. =
EC, / RfC
ECnn _ [EPCI—OR * ETv,p * EF * ED * C1
24 * AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
--
(mg/kg-day)-'
IUR
Chemical specific
--
(ug/m3)-'
Intake
Age/chemical specific
--
mg/kg-day
ECnn
Age/chemical specific
--
(ugW)
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
--
undless
RfD
--
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
RfC
--
Chemical specific
(mg/m3)
DAD
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
DAs
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical speck
mg/cm 3-event
ECnn
--
Age/chemical specific
mg/m3
HQ
--
Age/chemical speck
undless
[EPCj_.,
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/L
PCevent
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
L/cm`-event
[EPCj._
- NOT USED—
—NOT USED
ug/m3
BW
NA
15
kg
EF
45
45
day/year
ED
26
6
year
AT
--
2190
day
ATfrfetime
25550
--
day
IFWadj
3
--
L/kg
IR
NA
0.1
L/day
FI
1
1
undless
SA
NA
6378
cm2
Tevent
2.00
2
hr/event
EV
1
1
event/day
DFWadj
368901
NA
events-cm2/kg
C1
0.001
0.001
mg/ug
ETVap
2
2
hr/day
C2
1000
1000
cm'/L
1/8/2016

Pace 1 of 4
Attachment J -Table 4-10
Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface water
Off -Site Recreational Swimmer - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes
Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04
INC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure wricentration CSF - cancer Slope factor RBC - risk based Concentration
IJTV - no toxicity value avaih Attachment J DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potential concern EPD - effective permeability domain
Intake Calculations I Tapwater Dermal Parameters Cancer Toxici Values
Mu'agen'c
COPC CASRN EPC Intake;,,g—;*„ DA*,*„r DADa*,m,; EC,,,p„ B i t* Kp FA In EPD? Mi CSF,,,; CSFa*,m,; IUR RBC;,,g**u,,, RBCa*,m,; RBC,,,p„ Rri
(mglL) (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (ug/m') (unitless) (hr/event) (hr) (cii (unitless) (Y/N) (mglkglday)"' (mg/kg/day)" (ug/m')" (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)
Chromium VI(hexavalem) 18540-29-9 1.001 5.21 4.01 241 NE 5.51 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 2.01 1 Y Y 5.0E-01 2.0E+01 8.4E-02 3.91 2.1E-02 NE 2.0E-02
1/8/2016

Pace 2 of 4
Attachment J -Table 4-10
Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface water
Off -Site Recreational Swimmer - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
COPC CASRN EPC Intake;,,g„a,n DA�..m DADae,m,
(mglL) (mg/kglday) (mglkglday) (mglkgld:
Chromium VI (h—alent) 18540-29-9 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 4.0E-09 2.1E-07
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00
- chemical of Dotential concern
B t t' K FA In EPD. Rf)„a, RfDae,;,, RfC RBC;ge,a,n RBC;gsaan RBCa.,,,,,, RBC„',;
P �
glm') (unitless) (hr/event) (hr) (cmlhr) (unitless) (Y/N) (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (mglm') (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)
NE 5.5E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 2.0E-03 1 Y 3.0E-03 7.5E-05 1.0E-04 3.7E+00 3.6E-01 NE 3.3E-01
1/8/2016

Page 3 of 4
achment J - Table 4-10
;k Based Concentration Summary
rivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface water
-Site Recreational Swimmer - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potenital concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - risk based concentration based , Attachment J NA - no toxicity value available; remedial not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/L)
Cancer
I (mg/L)
I Final
(mg/L)
Basis
Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 3.3E-01 2.0E-02 2.0E-02 c
1 /8/2016

Page 4 of 4
Table 4-10
Risk Based Concentration Calculations -Cancer-Basetl -Single Age
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Total Risk Based Concentration
1
RBCtaa;=[(1/RBC;ngm;on)+(1/RBCdanna;)+(1/RBC:;)]
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBCmge:mn = TR
Intake;ng *CSF
[EPCI—a, * IFWM * FI
Intake;ng(ege gmp=)= BW*ATiiretime
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration from Dermal Absorption
TR
RBCd.-W =
DADtlam, *CSF
DAD ems = DAEwnt * DFWM
tl (agegraupx)—
ATrretime
DAE,,ant = [EPC]watar * PCevent
Organic Compounds:
PCeventTeventq* = 2 * FA * C2 . 6 * r *R event
Kp Tevent 1 + 3B + 3B'
PCeventTevent>=t* = FA * C2 * 1 + B + 2 * T * ( 1 + B z )
Inorganics Compounds:
Kp * Tevent
PCevent= C2
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration
for Inhalation
TR
RBC;nhaladm =
ECcan *IUR
[EPC]VAPOR * INMH * C1
EC.,—
IN. g1°"p') —
*
24 ATliretime
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC;ngaat;m =
THI
Intake;ng / RfD
Intake;ng =
[EPCI—a, * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1
BW * AT
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCtlarn,a; = THI
DADtlan„ / RfD
DADa ern, DAE,ant * SA * EV * EF * ED
(age grwv=)= BW*AT
DAEvent = [EPC]watar * PCevent
Organic Compounds:
PCeventTeventIX* _ 2 , FA , Cz 6 * T , *aTevent
Kp Tevent 1 + 3B + 3B'
PCeventTevent>=t* = FA' C2 ' 1 + B + 2 fi T fi 1 + B'
Inorganics Compounds:
Kp * Tevent
PCevent = C2
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
THI
RBC;nha;atim =
ECn� / RfC
ECna = [EPC]VAPOR * ETVap * EF * ED * C1
24*AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
--
(mg/kg-day)-'
IUR
Chemical specific
--
(ug/m3)-'
Intake
Age/chemical specific
--
mg/kg-day
EC_
Age/chemical specific
--
(ug/m')
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
--
unHless
RfD
--
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
RfC
--
Chemical specific
(mg/m')
DAD
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
DAE
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/0m2-event
EC„,
--
Age/chemical specific
mg/m'
HO
--
Age/chemical specific
unHless
[EPC]wme,
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/L
PCevent
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
L/cm`-event
[EPC]._
-----NOT USED—
—NOT USED
ug/m'
BW
NA
15
kg
EF
45
45
day/year
ED
26
2
year
AT
--
730
day
ATIHetime
25550
--
day
IFWM
3.4
--
L/kg
IR
0
0.1
L/day
FI
NA
1
unHless
SA
13
6378
cm2
Tevent
0.00
2
hr/event
EV
NA
1
event/day
DFWM
1
—
event-2/kg
C1
0.001
0.001
mg/ug
INHM
1537099
NA
hr/day
C2
1000
1000
cm'/L
1/8/2016

Page 1 of 4
Attachment K - Table 4-11
Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
Off -Site Recreational Wader - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes
Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
NC - not carcinogenic by this emosure route NV - not volatile EC - emosure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration
NTV - no toxicity value available
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ASS - absorption factor
UR - cancer unit risk
COPC - chemical
of potential concern
Intake Calculations
Absorption
Factors
Cancer
Toxicity Values
COPC
CASRN
Intake;nppsdpn
(mg/kg/day)
DADdmp prl
(mg/kg/day)
ECppm�wp�p
(u w
EC, ".
I (ug/m')
ABSING
(unitless)
ABSd
(unitless)
CSFprpl
(mg/kg/day)-'
CSFdI
p,n„
(mg/kg/day)-'
IUR
(ug/m')-'
RBCln—timn
RBCdprn„ I
RBCppNI�pl_
RBC„ppp,
RBC_.j
Aluminum
7429-90-5
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Antimony
7440-36-0
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Arsenic
7440-38-2
7.3E-09
1.1E-08
NE
NE
0.6
0.03
1.5E+00
1.5E+00
4.3E-03
9.1E+03
6.1E+03
NE
NE 3.6E+03
Barium
7440-39-3
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Beryllium
7440-41-7
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
2.4E-03
NC
NC
NE
NE
Boron
7440-42-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Cadmium
7440-43-9
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
1.8E-03
NC
NC
NE
NE
Calcium
7440-70-2
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Chromium III
16065-83-1
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Cobalt
7440-48-4
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
9.0E-03
NC
NC
NE
NE
Copper
7440-50-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Iron
7439-89-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Lead
7439-92-1
NC
NC
NE
NE
1
NC
NC
NE
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Mercury
7439-97-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Nickel
7440-02-0
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
2.4E-04
NC
NC
NE
NE
Potassium
7440-09-7
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Sodium
7440-23-5
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Thallium
7440-28-0
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Zinc
7440-66-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Nitrate
14797-55-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
1/6/2016

Page 2 of 4
Attachment K -Table 4-11
Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
Off -Site Recreational Wader - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
NV - not volatile
EC - exposure concentration
RfD - reference dose
RBC - risk based concentration
COPC - chemical of potential Concern
NTV - no toxicity value available
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ABS - absorption
factor
RfC - reference concentration
Intake Calculations
Absorption Factors
Non -Cancer
Toxicity Values
Intake;1e,t
(mg/kg/day),
DADderm
(mg/kg/day)
ECp,nmwe
(mg/m3)
EC-1
(mg/m3)
ABSinc
(unitless)
ABSds
(unities
RfDpi
(mg/kg/day)
RfDd,u,i
(mg/kg/day)
RfC
(m
COPC CASRN
RBC;,„tp,
RBCd,,,i
RBCp,n;cuo
RBC__
RBCa,i
Aluminum
7429-90-5
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
1.0E+00
1.0E+00
5.0E-03
1.2E+07
NE
NE
1.2E+07
Antimony
7440-36-0
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
4.0E-04
6.0E-05
4.9E+03
NE
NE
4.9E+03
Arsenic
7440-38-2
4.9E-08
4.4E-08
NE
NE
0.6
0.03
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1.5E-05
6.1E+03
6.9E+03
NE
NE
3.2E+03
Barium
7440-39-3
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
2.0E-01
1.4E-02
5.0E-04
2.4E+06
NE
NE
2.4E+06
Beryllium
7440-41-7
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
2.0E-03
1.4E-05
2.0E-05
2.4E+04
NE
NE
2.4E+04
Boron
7440-42-8
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-02
2.4E+06
NE
NE
2.4E+06
Cadmium
7440-43-9
8.2E-08
1.5E-09
NE
NE
1
0.001
1.0E-03
2.5E-05
2.0E-05
1.2E+04
1.7E+04
NE
NE
7.1E+03
Calcium
7440-70-2
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
1.8E+07
NE
NE
1.8E+07
Chromium III
16065-83-1
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
1.8E+07
NE
NE
1.8E+07
Cobalt
7440-48-4
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
6.0E-06
3.7E+03
NE
NE
3.7E+03
Copper
7440-50-8
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
4.0E-02
4.0E-02
4.9E+05
NE
NE
4.9E+05
Iron
7439-89-6
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
7AE-01
7.0E-01
8.5E+06
NE
NE
8.5E+06
Lead
7439-92-1
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
1.4E-01
5.6E-03
5.0E-05
1.7E+06
NE
NE
1.7E+06
Mercury
7439-97-6
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
3.0E-04
2.1E-05
3.0E-04
3.7E+03
NE
NE
3.7E+03
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
6.1E+04
NE
NE
6.1E+04
Nickel
7440-02-0
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
2.0E-02
8.0E-04
9.0E-05
2.4E+05
NE
NE
2.4E+05
Potassium
7440-09-7
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
2.0E-02
6.1E+04
NE
NE
6.1E+04
Sodium
7440-23-5
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
6.0E-01
6.0E-01
7.3E+06
NE
NE
7.3E+06
Thallium
7440-28-0
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
1.0E-05
1.0E-05
1.2E+02
NE
NE
1.2E+02
Titanium
7440-32-6
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
5.0E-03
1.3E-04
1.0E-04
6.1E+04
NE
NE
6.1E+04
Zinc
7440-66-6
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.7E+06
NE
NE
3.7E+06
Nitrate
14797-55-8
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
1.6E+00
1.6E+00
1.9E+07
NE
NE
1.9E+07
Sulfide
18496-25-8
8.2E-08
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
1/6/2016

Page 3 of 4
Attachment K - Table 4-11
Risk Based Concentration Summary
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
Off -Site Recreational Wader - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes
Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potential concern no - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; Risk Based Concentration not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
Cancer
(mg/kg)
Final
(mg/kg)
Basis
Aluminum
142U-JU-b
1.2L+Ut
1.2L+Ut no
Antimony
7440-36-0
4.9E+03
4.9E+03 no
Arsenic
7440-38-2
3.2E+03
3.6E+03 3.2E+03 no
Barium
7440-39-3
2.4E+06
2.4E+06 no
Beryllium
7440-41-7
2.4E+04
2.4E+04 no
Boron
7440-42-8
2.4E+06
2.4E+06 no
Cadmium
7440-43-9
7.1E+03
7.1E+03 no
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.8E+07
1.8E+07 no
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.8E+07
1.8E+07 no
Cobalt
7440-48-4
3.7E+03
3.7E+03 no
Copper
7440-50-8
4.9E+05
4.9E+05 no
Iron
7439-89-6
8.5E+06
8.5E+06 no
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.7E+06
1.7E+06 no
Mercury
7439-97-6
3.7E+03
3.7E+03 no
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
6.1E+04
6.1E+04 no
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.4E+05
2.4E+05 no
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
6.1E+04
6.1E+04 no
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
7.3E+06
7.3E+06 no
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.2E+02
1.2E+02 no
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
6.1E+04
6.1E+04 no
Zinc
7440-66-6
3.7E+06
3.7E+06 no
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.9E+07
1.9E+07 no
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1 /6/2016

Page 4 of 4
Attachment K - Table 4.11
Risk Based Concentration Calculations - Composite Receptor/Age-Adjusted
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Total Risk Based Concentration
1
RBCtotai =
[(1 /RGingeauon) + (1 /RGderroa) + (1 /RGpa,t) + (1 /RGvap)]
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC,nsasuon= TR / Intakeng* CSF
[EPC]aoii * IFSadj * ABSING * FI * EF * C1
Intakeng (age group,)= BW. * AT
irceuroe
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCden ai = TR / DAD * CSF
DADdar.(agegroup x)= DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED
BW. * ATIburoe
DAEvent = [EPC]aoii * DFSadj * C1
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC;ngeet;on= THI
Intakens * RfD
Intakeng = [EPC]so;i * IR * ABS;ng * FI * EF * ED * C1
BW * AT
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCdero,ai= THI
DAD * RfD
DADdar,n = DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED
BW * AT
DAE—t = [EPC]aoii * ABSd * AF * C1
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC1nha1anon = TR / ECoan * IUR
ECoan (age [EPC]PART * ETPad * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]vAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED
(s group •)— _ 24 * AT
rrearoe
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
THI
RBClnhaiatmn=
ECno * RfC
ECnu, = [EPC]PART * ETPa,t * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPC]vAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED * C2
24 *AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
(mg/kg-day)-'
IUR
Chemical specific
--
(ug/m')-'
Intake
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
ECoan
Age/chemical specific
(ug/m')
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
unitless
RfD
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
RfC
Chemical specific
(mg/m')
DAD
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
DAE-nt
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/cm2-event
ECno
Age/chemical specific
mg/ma
HQ
Age/chemical specific
unitless
[EPC]_il
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/kg
[EPC]PART
-----NOT USED-----
-----NOT USED-----
ug/m'
[EPC]vAPGR
-----NOT USED-----
-----NOT USED-----
ug/m'
ABS;ng
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
ABSd
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
BW
NA
15
kg
EF
45
45
day/year
ED
26
6
year
AT
--
2190
day
ATlifetime
25550
--
day
IFSadj
7
--
mg-yr/kg-day
IR
NA
10
mg/day
FI
1
1
unitless
C1
0.000001
0.000001
kg/mg
SA
NA
1770
cm2
AF
NA
0.1
mg/cm2
EV
1
1
event/day
DFSadj
208
NA
mg-yr/kg-day
ETPart
1
2
hours/day
C2
0.001
0.001
mg/ug
ETVap
ug/mg
1 /6/2016

Page 1 of 4
Attachment K - Table 4-11
Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
OH -Site Recreational Wader - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes
Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04
NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration
NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potential concern
Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Muta enic Cancer Toxicity Values
COPC CASRN EPC Soil Intakeing„,ign DADd+,,,,+i ECwftl.ul EC�+p., ABSING ABSd MOA? CSFgr+i CSFd+,m+i IUR RBCing+pmn RBCd—.i RBCp+ _,.r+ RBC-_ RBCr.r.i
(mglkg) (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (ug/m') (ug/m') (unitless) (unitless) (mg/kglday)" (mg/kg/day)-' (uglm')"
Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.0E+00 5.1E-08 FALSE NE NE 1 Y 5.0E-01 2.0E+01 8.4E-02 3.9E+03 NE NE 3.9E+03
1/6/2016

Page 2 of 4
Attachment K - Table 4-11
Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
Off -Site Recreational Wader - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes
Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - Risk Based Concentration COPC - chemical of Dotential concern
NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - carnally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration
Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values
COPC CASRN EPC Soil Intake;,,a„�;o„ DADa„m,i ECt„h;�„„„ EC„enp, ABSING ABSa RfDo„ i RfDa„m,i RfC RBC;s„r;o„ RBCa,,,,,,i RBCpar;�„„ re RBCx,np, RBCrpr,i
(mg/kg) (mglkglday) (mglkglday) (mglm') (mglm') (unitless) (unities (mglkglday) (mglkglday) (mglm')
Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.0E+00 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 3.0E-03 7.5E-05 1.0E-04 3.7E+04 NE NE 3.7E+04
1/6/2016

Attachment K - Table 4-11
Risk Based Concentration Summary
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
Off -Site Recreational Wader - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
COPC - chemical of potential concern
c - risk based concentration based on EPCs
Page 3 of 4
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Taraet Cancer Risk (oer Chemical) 1 E-04
nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
NA - no toxicitv value available: Risk Based Concentration not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
Cancer
(mg/kg)
Final
(mg/kg)
Basis
Chromium A (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 3.7E+04 3.9E+03 3.9E+03 c
1 /6/2016

Page 4 of 4
Attachment K - Table 4.11
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Total Risk Based Concentration
1
RBCrotal =
[(1 /RBCingestlor) + (1 /RBCdarna) + (1 /RBCpan) + (1 /RBCvap)]
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC,,,gaat;o = TR / Intakeng* CSF
[EPC]aon *[IFSadj - OR - IFSM] * ABSING * FI * EF * C1
Intakeng (age group.)= BW. * AT
Ircauma
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCdannal = TR / DAD * CSF
DADdarmiagagmup.)= DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED
BW. * ATlneame
DAEvent = [EPC]an;I * [DFSadj - OR - DFSM] * C1
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC;nhalauon = TR / ECoan * IUR
ECoan (age [EPC]PART * ETPan * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]VAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED
g group _ 24 * AT
Ircauma
For muta ens, IHHM is used in place of ED
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration foringestior
THI
RBC;ngeet;on =
Intakemgng / RfD
Intakeng = [EPC]ao;I * IR * ABSIng * FI * EF * ED * C1
BW * AT
Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCda-.1= THI
DAD / RfD
DADda,n, = DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED
BW * AT
DAEvant = [EPC]an;I * ABSd * AF * C1
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC;nhalat;on= THI
ECno / RfC
ECno = [EPC]PART * ETPan * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPCI.POR * ETVap * EF * ED * C2
24 * AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
(mg/kg-day)-'
IUR
Chemical specific
(ug/m')-'
Intake
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
ECoan
Age/chemical specific
(ug/m')
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
unitless
RfD
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
RfC
Chemical specific
(mg/m')
DAD
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
DAE-ut
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/cm2-event
ECno
Age/chemical specific
mg/rn'
HQ
Age/chemical specific
unitless
[EPC]aoll
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/kg
[EPC]PART
-----NOT USED-----
-----NOT USED-----
ug/m'
[EPC]VAPOR
-----NOT USED-----
-----NOT USED-----
ug/m'
ABS;ng
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
ABSd
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
BW
NA
15
kg
EF
45
45
day/year
ED
26
2
year
AT
--
730
day
ATlifetime
25550
--
day
IFSadj
7
mg-yr/kg-day
IFSM
29
--
mg-yr/kg-day
IR
NA
10
mg/day
FI
1
1
unitless
C1
0.000001
0.000001
kg/mg
SA
NA
1770
cm2
AF
NA
0.1
mg/cm2
EV
1
1
event/day
DFSadj
208
--
mg-yr/kg-day
DFSM
689
--
mg-yr/kg-day
ETPart
2
2
hours/day
C2
0.001
0.001
mg/ug
ETVap
2
2
ug/mg
WHIM
6480
unitless
1 /6/2016

Paae 1 of 4
Attachment L - Table 4-12
Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water
Off -Site Recreational Wader - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes
Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration
NTV - no toxicity value available
DAD - dermally absorbed
dose
ASS - absorption
factor
UR - cancer unit
risk
COPC - chemical of potenital concern
e Calculations
Ta waterDermal Parameters
Cancer Toxicit ValuesCOPC
CASRN
EPC
Intake;ng,�;a,
�(,,Sk
DADa;
ECwmr
B
i
t•
Kp
FA
FA
In EPD?
CSF,,,; CSFa,,,,,�
IUR
RBC;ngsra,
RBCa.,,,,�
RBC,,,p„
RBCtt,g/L)
(mglkglday)ay)
(mg/kglday)
(uglm')
(unitless)
(hrlevent)
(hr)
(cmlhr)
(YIN)
(mglkglday)-'
(mglkglday)-'
(uglm')-'
(mg/
(mg/
(mglL)
(mglL)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
2.0E-03
1.5E-01
3.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
4.2E-03
5.1E-01
1.2E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.00E-03
8.3E-08
2.0E-09
8.1E-09
NE
3.3E-03
2.8E-01
6.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.5E+00 1.5E+00
4.3E-03
8.0E-01
8.2E+00
NE
7.3E-01
Barium
7440-39-3
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
4.5E-03
6.2E-01
1.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Beryllium
7440-41-7
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
1.2E-03
1.2E-01
2.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.4E-03
NC
NC
NE
Boron
7440.42-8
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
1.4E-03
1.3E-01
3.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
4.1E-03
4.5E-01
1.1E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.8E-03
NC
NC
NE
Calcium
7440-70-2
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Chmmium,Total
7440-47-3
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
1.2E-03
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
4.0E-04
1
Y
9.0E-03
NC
NC
NE
Copper
7440-50-8
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
3.1E-03
2.4E-01
5.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Iron
7439-89-6
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
2.9E-03
2.2E-01
5.2E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Lead
7439-92-1
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
5.5E-04
1.5E+00
3.7E+00
1.0E-04
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
2.9E-03
2.1E-01
5.1E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
5.4E-03
1.4E+00
3.4E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
3.8E-03
3.6E-01
8.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Nickel
7440-02-0
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
5.9E-04
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
2.0E-04
1
Y
2.4E-04
NC
NC
NE
Potassium
7440-09-7
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
2.0E-04
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
3.4E-03
2.9E-01
7.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Sodium
7440.23-5
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
6.0E-04
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
3.6E-03
3.3E-01
7.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Thallium
7440.28-0
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
5.5E-03
1.5E+00
3.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
2.7E-03
2.0E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
1.9E-03
2.4E-01
5.9E-01
6.0E-04
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
3.0E-03
2.3E-01
5.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
Sulfide
18496-25-8
1.00E-03
NC
NC
NC
NE
4.0E-04
1
Y
NC
NC
NE
1/8/2016

Page 2 of 4
Attachment L - Table 4-12
Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water
Off -Site Recreational Wader - CHILD (AGE <6)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00
- chemical of Dotenital concern
COPC
CASRN
EPC
(mg/L)
Intake;ngsaan
(mglkglday)
D Aeren�
(mglkglday)
DADae,m,;
(mglkglday)
EC,e„
(mglm')
B
(unitless)
t
(hrlevent)
t•
(hr)
K P
(cmlhr)
FA
(unitless)
In EPD.
(YIN)
RfD,,,�
(mglkglday)
RfDae,me;
(mglkglday)
RfC
(mglm')
RBC;nge,a,n
(mglL)
RBCa.,mm
(mglL)
RBC,'
(mglL)
RB Cnowi
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
2.9E-08
NE
2.0E-03
1.5E-01
3.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.0E+00
1.0E+00
5.0E-03
1.2E+03
3.4E+04
NE
1.2E+03
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
2.9E-08
NE
4.2E-03
5.1E-01
1.2E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
4.0E-04
6.0E-05
4.9E-01
2.1E+00
NE
3.9E-01
Arsenic
7440-36-2
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
2.9E-08
NE
3.3E-03
2.8E-01
6.6E-01
1.0E-03
0.6
Y
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1.5E-05
3.7E-01
1.0E+01
NE
3.5E-01
Barium
7440-39-3
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
2.9E-OS
NE
4.5E-03
6.2E-01
1.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
V
2.0E-01
1.4E-02
5.0E-04
2.4E+02
4.8E+02
NE
1.6E+02
Beryllium
7440-41-7
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
2.9E-OB
NE
1.2E-03
1.2E-01
2.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
V
2.0E-03
1.4E-OS
2.0E-05
2.4E+00
4.8E-01
NE
4.0E-01
Boron
7440-42-8
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
2.9E-08
NE
1.4E-03
1.3E-01
3.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-02
2.4E+02
6.9E+03
NE
2.4E+02
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
2.9E-08
NE
4.1E-03
4.5E-01
1.1E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.0E-03
2.5E-05
2.0E-05
1.2E+00
8.6E-01
NE
5.0E-01
Calcium
7440-70-2
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
2.9E-08
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NN
NN
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
2.9E-08
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
V
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
1.8E+03
6.7E+02
NE
4.9E+02
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
2.9E-08
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
1.8E+03
6.7E+02
NE
4.9E+02
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
8.0E-10
1.2E-08
NE
1.2E-03
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
4.0E-04
1
V
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
6.0E-06
3.7E-01
2.6E+01
NE
3.6E-01
Copper
7440-50-8
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
2.9E-08
NE
3.1E-03
2.4E-01
5.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
4.0E-02
4.0E-02
4.9E+01
1.4E+03
NE
4.7E+01
Iron
7439-89-6
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
2.9E-08
NE
2.9E-03
2.2E-01
5.2E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
7.0E-01
7.0E-01
8.5E+02
2.4E+04
NE
8.2E+02
Lead
7439-92-1
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-10
2.9E-09
NE
5.5E-04
1.5E+00
3.7E+00
1.0E-04
1
Y
NN
NN
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
2.9E-08
NE
1.0E-03
1
V
NN
NN
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
2.9E-08
NE
2.9E-03
2.1E-01
5.1E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.4E-01
5.6E-03
5.0E-05
1.7E+02
1.9E+02
NE
9.0E+01
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
2.9E-08
NE
5.4E-03
1.4E+00
3.4E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
3.0E-04
2.1E-05
3.0E-04
3.7E-01
7.2E-01
NE
2.4E-01
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
2.9E-08
NE
3.8E-03
3.6E-01
8.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
6.1E+00
1.7E+02
NE
5.9E+00
Nickel
7440-02-0
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
4.0E-10
5.8E-09
NE
5.9E-04
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
2.0E-04
1
V
2.0E-02
8.0E-04
9.0E-05
2.4E+01
1.4E+02
NE
2.1E+01
Potassium
7440-09-7
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
4.0E-10
5.8E-09
NE
2.0E-04
1
Y
NN
NN
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
2.9E-08
NE
3.4E-03
2.9E-01
7.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
2.0E-02
6.1E+00
1.7E+02
NE
5.9E+00
Sodium
7440-23-5
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
1.2E-09
1.7E-08
NE
6.0E-04
1
Y
NN
NN
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
2.9E-08
NE
3.6E-03
3.3E-01
7.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
V
6.0E-01
6.0E-01
7.3E+02
2.1E+04
NE
7.1E+02
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
2.9E-08
NE
5.5E-03
1.5E+00
3.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NN
NN
NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
2.9E-08
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NN
NN
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
2.9E-08
NE
2.7E-03
2.0E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-03
1.3E-04
1.0E-04
6.1E+00
4.5E+00
NE
2.6E+00
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
1.2E-09
1.7E-08
NE
1.9E-03
2.4E-01
5.9E-01
6.0E-04
1
Y
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.7E+02
1.7E+04
NE
3.6E+02
Nitrate
14797-SS8
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
2.0E-09
2.9E-OB
NE
3.0E-03
2.3E-01
5.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.6E+00
1.6E+00
1.9E+03
5.5E+04
NE
1.9E+03
Sulfide
18496-258
1.00E-03
8.2E-07
7.9E-10
1.2E-08
NE
4.0E-04
1
Y
NN
NN
NE
1/8/2016

Page 3 of 4
achment L - Table 4-12
;k Based Concentration Summary
rivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water
`-Site Recreational Wader - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potenital concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available, risk based concentration not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
Non -Cancer
(mg/L)
Cancer
I (mg/L)
Final
I (mg/L)
Basis
Aluminum
142U-9U-b
1.2E+u3
1.2E+U3 nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
3.9E-01
3.9E-01 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
3.5E-01
7.3E-01 3.5E-01 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
1.6E+02
1.6E+02 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
4.0E-01
4.0E-01 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
2.4E+02
2.4E+02 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
5.0E-01
5.0E-01 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
4.9E+02
4.9E+02 nc
Chromium III
16065-83-1
4.9E+02
4.9E+02 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
3.6E-01
3.6E-01 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
4.7E+01
4.7E+01 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
8.2E+02
8.2E+02 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
9.0E+01
9.0E+01 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
2.4E-01
2.4E-01 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
5.9E+00
5.9E+00 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.1E+01
2.1 E+01 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
5.9E+00
5.9E+00 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
7.1 E+02
7.1 E+02 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
NA
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
2.6E+00
2.6E+00 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
3.6E+02
3.6E+02 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.9E+03
1.9E+03 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1 /8/2016

Page 4 of 4
Table 4-12
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Total Risk Based Concentration
1
RBCtot,;=
[(1/RBCmg„rnn)+(1/RBCdem,i)+(1/RBC,.,p)]
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration
for Ingestion
TR
RBC;ng,,ti. =
Intake;ng * CSF
[EPC]w,t,r * IFWadj * FI
Intake;ng(,g,group,)=
BW*ATliwime
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration from Dermal Absorption
TR
RBCdern,a; =
DADd,,,,, *CSF
DAE„nt * DFWadj
DADd.. (agog—p.) _
ATiiretima
DAE*ant = [EPC]„„ ter * PCevent
Organic Compounds:
PCeventTeventIX* _ 2 * FA * Cz F6.7. ,aTevent
Kp Tevent 1 + 3B + 3B'
PCeventTevent—t* = FA * C2 * 1 + B + 2 * T * 1 + B '
Inorganics Compounds:
PCevent = Kp • Tevent
C2
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration
for Inhalation
RBC;nh,i,tim =
TR
EC_ *IUR
[EPC]VAPOR * ETvw * EF * ED * C1
ECu,n _
(a .,—p=) -
24 * ATiiwim,
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBCmge3non =
THI
Intake;ng / RfD
Intake;ng =
[EPC]w,t,r * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1
BW * AT
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
THI
RBCd..d =
DADd,rn, / RfD
DADd ,m, = DAE„snt * SA * EV * EF * ED
(age 9rwp=1 BW*AT
DAE*ant = [EPC]„„ ter * PCevent
Organic Compounds:
PCeventTevent<t* _ 2 * FA * C2 . 6 * T *R event
Kp Tevent 1 + 3B + 3B'
PCeventTevent>=t* = FA * C2 * 1 + B + 2 * T * 1 + B
) C
Inorganics Compounds:
PCevent = Kp * Tevent
C2
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
THI
RBCinh,i,tion =
EC, / RfC
ECnn = [EPCI—OR * ETv,p * EF * ED * C1
24 * AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
--
(mg/kg-day)-'
IUR
Chemical specific
--
(ug/mp)-'
Intake
Age/chemical specific
--
mg/kg-day
ECnn
Age/chemical specific
--
(ugW)
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
--
undless
RfD
--
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
RfC
--
Chemical specific
(mg/m3)
DAD
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
DA_.,
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical speck
mg/cm 3-event
ECnn
--
Age/chemical specific
mg/m3
HQ
--
Age/chemical speck
undless
[EPCj_.,
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/L
PCevent
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
L/cm`-event
[EPCj._
- NOT USED—
—NOT USED
ug/m3
BW
NA
15
kg
EF
45
45
day/year
ED
26
6
year
AT
--
2190
day
ATfrfetime
25550
--
day
IFWadj
2
--
L/kg
IR
NA
0.1
L/day
FI
1
1
undless
SA
NA
1770
cm2
Tevent
2.00
2
hr/event
EV
1
1
event/day
DFWadj
103497
NA
events-cm2/kg
C1
0.001
0.001
mg/ug
ETVap
2
2
hr/day
C2
1000
1000
cm'/L
1/8/2016

Page 1 of 4
Attachment L - Table 4-12
Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface water
OffSite Recreational Wader - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT EXDgsnre Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes
Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04
INC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration
NTV- re, toxicity value available DAD- dermally absorbed dose ASS- absorption factor UR- cancer .,it risk COPC- chemical of potential concern EPD- effective permeability domain
Intake Calculations Tapwater Dermal Parameters Cancer Toxicity Values
COPC CASRN EPC Intake�pp..nop DA_. DADd.rm.i EC_.; B t* Kp FA In EPD? Mutagenic CSFp„ i CSFd,rmai IUR RBCipe..nop RBCd..m.i RBC..por RBCrota
fang
(mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (ug/m') (unitless) (hr/event) (hr) (cm/hr) (unitless) (YIN) MOA? (mg/kg/day)-' (mg/kg/day , (ug/m')-' (m /L m /L m /L m /L
g) Ig) (gl Ig)
Chromium VI (her —lent) 18540-29.9 1.00E-03 4.0E-07 4.0E-09 5.0E-08 NE 5.5E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 2.0E-03 1 Y Y 5.0E-01 2.0E+01 8.4E-02 4.9E-01 1.0E-01 NE 8.3E-02
1/8/2016

Page 2 of 4
Attachment L - Table 4-12
Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface water
Off -Site Recreational Wader - CHILD (AGE 0- 2) Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes
Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - risk based concentration COPC - chemical of potential concern
NTV - no toxicity value available
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration
EPD - effective
permeability domain
Intake Calculations
Tapwater Dermal Parameters
Non -Cancer
Toxicity Values
COPC CASRN
EPC
Intakeins„s„
DA„„nr
DADd,,,,,,i
EC�,n„
B
c
t*
KIP
FA
In EPD?
RfDo„i
RfDd,m„ i
RfC
RBCj_g n
RBC,_a n
RBCda.mai
RBCmvi
(mglL)
(mg/kglday)
(mglkg/day)
(mg/kg
(mglm')
(unitless)
(hr/event)
(hr)
(cmlhr)
(unitless)
(YIN)
(mg/kglday)
(mg/kglday)
(mglm')
(Mg/
(mg/L)
(mglL)
Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9
1.00E-03 8.2E-07 4.0E-09 5.8E-08
NE 5.5E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 2.0E-03 1 Y
3.0E-03
7.5E-05 1.0E-04 3.7E+00 1.3E+00 NE 9.5E-01
1/8/2016

Page 3 of 4
achment L - Table 4-12
;k Based Concentration Summary
rivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface water
-Site Recreational Wader - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potenital concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; remedial not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/L)
Cancer
(mg/L)
Final
(mg/L)
Basis
Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 9.5E-01 8.3E-02 8.3E-02 c
1 /8/2016

Page 4 of 4
Attachment L - Table 4-12
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Total Risk Based Concentration
1
RBCt,a;= [(1/RBC;age*rnn)+(1/RBCdam,1l)+(1/RBC,.ap)]
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
TR
RBCmgaatlm =
Intake;ng *CSF
[EPC]wa,ar * IFWM * FI
Intake;ng (ago gm„ p,) = BW * AT;
I felime
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration from Dermal Absorption
TR
RBCdarmal =
DAD,am * CSF
DAEoent * DFWM
DADde. (age group.)
ATllfallme
DAE*ant = [EPC]„,atar * PCevent
Organic Compounds:
PCeventTeventIX* _ 2 * FA * Cz F6.7. ,aTevent
Kp Tevent 1 + 3B + 3B'
PCeventTevent—t* = FA * C2 * 1 + B + 2 * T * 1 + B '
Inorganics Compounds:
PCevent = Kp * Tevent
C2
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration
for Inhalation
TR
RBC;nhalatlm =
ECnaa *IUR
[EPC]VAPOR * INMH * C1
ECaan _
(agegrwp=) -
*
24 ATIIfellme
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBCmgomon =
THI
Intake;ng / RfD
Intake;ng =
[EPC]walar * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1
BW * AT
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
THI
RBCda,,,,y =
DADdarm / RfD
DAD em. = DAEoant * SA * EV * EF * ED
d (age grwp=1 BW*AT
DAE*ant = [EPC]„,atar * PCevent
Organic Compounds:
PCeventTevent<t* _ 2 * FA * C2 . 6 * T *R event
Kp Tevent 1 + 3B + 3B'
PCeventTevent>=t* = FA * C2 * 1 + B + 2 * T * 1 + B
) C
Inorganics Compounds:
PCevent = Kp * Tevent
C2
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
THI
RBC;nhalatlm =
EC, / RfC
ECnn = [EPCI—OR * ETvap * EF * ED * C1
24 * AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
--
(mg/kg-day)-'
IUR
Chemical specific
--
(ug/m3)-'
Intake
Age/chemical specific
--
mg/kg-day
ECnn
Age/chemical specific
--
(ugW)
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
--
undless
RfD
--
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
RfC
--
Chemical specific
(mg/m3)
DAD
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
DA_.,
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical speck
mg/cm 2-event
ECnn
--
Age/chemical specific
mg/m3
HQ
--
Age/chemical speck
undless
[EPCI_.,
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/L
PCevent
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
L/cm`-event
[EPCI._
- NOT USED—
—NOT USED
ug/m3
BW
NA
15
kg
EF
45
45
day/year
ED
26
2
year
AT
--
730
day
ATflfetime
25550
--
day
IFWM
2.1
--
L/kg
IR
0
0.1
L/day
FI
NA
1
undless
SA
10
1770
cm2
Tevent
0.00
2
hr/event
EV
NA
1
event/day
DFWM
1
—
events-cm2/kg
C1
0.001
0.001
mg/ug
INHM
319693
NA
hr/day
C2
1000
1000
cm'/L
1/8/2016

Page 1 of 4
:hment M - Table 4-13
Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
,ation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER - OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER (ADULT)
an Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route
NV - not volatile
EC - exposure concentration
CSF - cancer slope factor
RBC - risk based concentration
NTV - no toxicity value available
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ABS - absorption factor
UR - cancer unit risk
COPC - chemical
of potential concern
Intake Calculations
Absorption Factors
Cancer
Toxicity Values
Intake;ngaaggn
(mglkglday)
DAD--
(mglkglday)
EC,,.,..
(ug/m')
EC,,,n«
(uglm')
ABS­ABSd
(unitless)
limitless)
CSFgrai
(mglkglday)-'
CSF,1. «'
(mglkglday)-'
IUR
(uglm')-'
COPC CASRN
RBC;ngaadnn
RBCda,mai
RBCmnkm.r.
RBC„pg,
RBCrorai
Aluminum
7429-90-5
INC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
INC
NC
NE
NE
Antimony
7440-36-0
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Arsenic
7440-38-2
6.6E-10
3.8E-09
NE
NE
0.6
0.03
1.5E+00 1.5E+00
4.3E-03
1.0E+05
1.7E+04
NE
NE 1.5E+04
Barium
7440-39-3
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Beryllium
7440-41-7
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
2.4E-03
NC
NC
NE
NE
Boron
7440-42-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Cadmium
7440-43-9
NC
NC
NE
NE
INC
NC
1.8E-03
NC
NC
NE
NE
Calcium
7440-70-2
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
INC
NC
NE
NE
Chromium III
16065-83-1
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Cobalt
7440-48-4
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
9.0E-03
NC
NC
NE
NE
Copper
7440-50-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Iron
7439-89-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Lead
7439-92-1
NC
NC
NE
NE
1
NC
NC
NE
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Mercury
7439-97-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Nickel
7440-02-0
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
2.4E-04
NC
NC
NE
NE
Potassium
7440-09-7
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Sodium
7440-23-5
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Thallium
7440-28-0
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Zinc
7440-66-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Nitrate
14797-55-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
1.1E-09
NE
NE
1
5.0E-01 2.0E+01
8.4E-02
1.8E+05
NE
NE 1.8E+05
1/6/2016

Page 2 of 4
Attachment M - Table 4-13
Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
OFFSITE RECREATIONAL BOATER - OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER (ADULT)
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Duke Energy
Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
NV -not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - risk based concentration COPC - chemical of potential concern
NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration
Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values
COPC CASRN I Intakeln-time I DADd,rmal EC„m,m,k EC-P. ABSING ABSa RfD,r,i RfDd,rm,i RfC RBC;noe n RBCde--I RBC.,e..,„ RBC,,,,,,, RBCto„I
(mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (mglm3) (mg/m3) (unitless) (unitless) (mg/kglday) (mglkg/day) (mg/m3)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
7.7E-09 NE
Antimony
7440-36-0
7.7E-09 NE
Arsenic
7440-38-2
4.6E-09 2.7E-08 NE
Barium
7440-39-3
7.7E-09 NE
Beryllium
7440-41-7
7.7E-09 NE
Boron
7440-42-8
7.7E-09 NE
Cadmium
7440-43-9
7.7E-09 8.9E-10 NE
Calcium
7440-70-2
7.7E-09 NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
7.7E-09 NE
Chromium III
16065-83-1
7.7E-09 NE
Cobalt
7440-48-4
7.7E-09 NE
Copper
7440-50-8
7.7E-09 NE
Iron
7439-89-6
7.7E-09 NE
Lead
7439-92-1
7.7E-09 NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
7.7E-09 NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
7.7E-09 NE
Mercury
7439-97-6
7.7E-09 NE
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
7.7E-09 NE
Nickel
7440-02-0
7.7E-09 NE
Potassium
7440-09-7
7.7E-09 NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
7.7E-09 NE
Sodium
7440-23-5
7.7E-09 NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
7.7E-09 NE
Thallium
7440-28-0
7.7E-09 NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
7.7E-09 NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
7.7E-09 NE
Zinc
7440-66-6
7.7E-09 NE
Nitrate
14797-55-8
7.7E-09 NE
Sulfide
18496-25-8
7.7E-09 NE
Chromium VI(hexavalent)
18540-29-9
7.7E-09 NE
1
1.0E+00
1.0E+00
5.0E-03
1.3E+08
N
1
4.0E-04
6.0E-05
5.2E+04
N
0.6
0.03 3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1.5E-05
6.5E+04
1.1E+04 N
1
2.0E-01
1.4E-02
5.0E-04
2.6E+07
N
1
2.0E-03
1.4E-05
2.0E-05
2.6E+05
N
1
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-02
2.6E+07
N
1
0.001 1.0E-03
2.5E-05
2.0E-05
1.3E+05
2.8E+04 N
1
NTV
NTV N
1
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
1.9E+08
N
1
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
1.9E+08
N
1
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
6.0E-06
3.9E+04
N
1
4.0E-02
4.0E-02
5.2E+06
N
1
7.0E-01
7.0E-01
9.1 E+07
N
1
NTV
NTV N
1
NTV
NTV N
1
1.4E-01
5.6E-03
5.0E-05
1.8E+07
N
1
3.0E-04
2.1E-05
3.0E-04
3.9E+04
N
1
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
6.5E+05
N
1
2.0E-02
8.0E-04
9.0E-05
2.6E+06
N
1
NTV
NTV N
1
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
2.0E-02
6.5E+05
N
1
NTV
NTV N
1
6.0E-01
6.0E-01
7.8E+07
N
1
1.0E-05
1.0E-05
1.3E+03
N
1
NTV
NTV N
1
5.0E-03
1.3E-04
1.0E-04
6.5E+05
N
1
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.9E+07
N
1
1.6E+00
1.6E+00
2.1E+08
N
1
NTV
NTV N
1
3.0E-03
7.5E-05
1.0E-04
3.9E+05
N
1.3E+08
5.2E+04
9.6E+03
2.6E+07
2.6E+05
2.6E+07
2.3E+04
1.9E+08
1.9E+08
3.9E+04
5.2E+06
9.1 E+07
1.8E+07
3.9E+04
6.5E+05
2.6E+06
6.5E+05
7.8E+07
1.3E+03
6.5E+05
3.9E+07
2.1 E+08
3.9E+05
1/6/2016

Page 3 of 4
Risk Based Concentration Summary
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER - OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER (ADULT)
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes
Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; risk based concentration not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
I Cancer
(mg/kg)
Final
(mg/kg)
Basis
Aluminum
/42U-W-b
I..SL+Ub
l.3L+uo nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
5.2E+04
5.2E+04 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
9.6E+03
1.5E+04 9.6E+03 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
2.6E+07
2.6E+07 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
2.6E+05
2.6E+05 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
2.6E+07
2.6E+07 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
2.3E+04
2.3E+04 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.9E+08
1.9E+08 nc
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.9E+08
1.9E+08 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
3.9E+04
3.9E+04 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
5.2E+06
5.2E+06 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
9.1E+07
9.1E+07 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.8E+07
1.8E+07 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
3.9E+04
3.9E+04 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
6.5E+05
6.5E+05 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.6E+06
2.6E+06 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
6.5E+05
6.5E+05 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
7.8E+07
7.8E+07 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.3E+03
1.3E+03 nc
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
6.5E+05
6.5E+05 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
3.9E+07
3.9E+07 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
2.1 E+08
2.1 E+08 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1 /6/2016

Page 4 of 4
Attachment M - Table 4-13
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Total Risk Based Concentration
RBC, r ; = 1
[(1/RBC„g.s,.,) + (1/RBCde .1) + (1/RBCp,N) + (1/RBC ,p)]
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC,ng,si; = TR / Intake,,,* CSF
[EPCI-1 * IR * ABSiNc * FI * EF * ED * C1
I ntakein9 (.p g..P X)=
B W x ` ATereume
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCde, A = TR / DAD * CSF
DAD e,n a e - DAE... t * SA * EV * EF * ED
d (e grnoP x)— BW„ * AT
rre,me
DAEenr = [EPC]s j, * ABSd * AF * C1
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC,nge i,n= THI
Intake;,, / RfD
Intaken, = [EPC]sn;i * IR * ABS,n9 * FI * EF * ED * C1
BW*AT
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCd,,,,,l= THI
DAD / RfD
DADde = DAI-nr * SA * EV * EF * ED
BW*AT
DAE t = [EPC]s 1, * ABSd * AF * C1
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC;nh,l,t,,,= TR / ECG IUR
[EPC]PART * ETp.,, * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]VAPOR * ETv,p * EF * ED
EC- lase e,ow x)=
24 * ATrreume
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
THI
RBC;nha;adnn=
EC,� / RfC
EC,, = [EPC]PART * ETp.,i * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPC]yAPOR * ETvap * EF * ED * C2
24*AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
(mg/kg-day)-'
IUR
Chemical specific
--
(ug/m3)-'
Intake
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
ECG
Age/chemical specific
(ug/m')
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
unitless
MID
--
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
RfC
Chemical specific
(mg/m3)
DAD
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
DAE—t
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/cm2-event
EC-
Age/chemical specific
mg/m3
HQ
Age/chemical specific
unitless
[EPC].,,
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/kg
[EPC]PART
Attachment M - TABLE
Attachment M - TABLE
ug/m'
[EPC]vAPOR
Attachment M - TABLE
Attachment M - TABLE
ug/m3
ABS;,,
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
ABSd
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
BW
80
80
kg
EF
45
45
day/year
ED
10
10
year
AT
--
3650
day
ATlifetime
25550
--
day
IR
5
5
mg/day
FI
1
1
unitless
C1
0.000001
0.000001
kg/mg
SA
5790
5790
cm2
AF
0.1
0.1
mg/cm2
EV
1
1
event/day
ETPart
4
4
hours/day
C2
0.001
0.001
mg/ug
ETVap
8
8
hours/day
1 /6/2016

Page 1 of 4
Attachment N - Table 4-14
Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water
OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER - RECREATIONAL BOATER (ADULT) Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion No
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes
Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-0�
NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC -risk based concentration
NTV - no toxicity value
available
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ABS - absorption factor
UR - cancer unit risk
COPC - chemical of potenital concern
Intake Calculations
Tapwater
Dermal Parameters
Cancer ToxicityValues
COPC
CASRN
EPC
Fn1akein
DA.a
DADd.pp.,
EC„p„BtKpAIn
EPD?
CSF,r,i
CSFd,,,p,i
IUR
RBCins„n.n
RBCd.nna
RBC,,,p,r
RBC,_,
(mg/L)g/kglday)
(mglkg/day)
(mg/kglday)
(ug/m')
(unitless)
(hrlevent)
(hr)
(cmlhr)
(unitless)
(YIN)
(mglkglday)''
(mglkglday)''
(uglms)''
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.00E-03
NE
INC
INC
NE
2.0E-03
1.5E-01
3.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
4.2E-03
5.1E-01
1.2E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
2.5E-09
NE
3.3E-03
2.8E-01
6.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.5E+00
1.5E+00
4.3E-03
NE
2.6E+01
NE
2.6E+01
Barium
7440-39-3
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
4.5E-03
6.2E-01
1.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Beryllium
7440-41-7
1.00E-03
NE
NC
INC
NE
1.2E-03
1.2E-01
2.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.4E-03
NE
--
NE
Boron
7440-42-8
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
1.4E-03
1.3E-01
3.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.00E-03
NE
INC
INC
NE
4.1E-03
4.5E-01
1.1E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.8E-03
NE
--
NE
Calcium
7440-70-2
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
-
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.00E-03
NE
NC
INC
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
-
NE
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Cobalt
7440-48-0
1.00E-03
NE
NC
INC
NE
1.2E-03
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
4.0E-04
1
Y
9.0E-03
NE
--
NE
Copper
7440-50-8
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
3.1E-03
2.4E-01
5.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Iron
7439-89-6
1.00E-03
NE
INC
INC
NE
2.9E-03
2.2E-01
5.2E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Lead
7439-92-1
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
5.5E-04
1.5E+00
3.7E+00
1.0E-04
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
2.9E-03
2.1E-01
5.1E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
5.4E-03
1.4E+00
3.4E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
3.8E-03
3.6E-01
8.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Nickel
7440-02-0
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
5.9E-04
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
2.0E-04
1
Y
2.4E-04
NE
--
NE
Potassium
7440-09-7
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
2.0E-04
1
Y
NE
-
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
1.00E-03
NE
INC
INC
NE
3.4E-03
2.9E-01
7.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
-
NE
Sodium
7440-23-5
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
6.0E-04
1
Y
NE
-
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
3.6E-03
3.3E-01
7.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
5.5E-03
1.5E+00
3.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
2.7E-03
2.0E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.00E-03
NE
NC
INC
NE
1.9E-03
2.4E-01
5.9E-01
6.0E-04
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
3.0E-03
2.3E-01
5.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Sulfde
18496-25-8
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
4.0E-04
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
5.1E-09
NE
5.5E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
2.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-01
2.0E+01
8.4E-02
NE
9.8E-01
NE
9.8E-01
1/8/2016

Page 2 of 4
Attachment N - Table 4-14
Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water
OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER - RECREATIONAL BOATER (ADULT) Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion No
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes
Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC -risk based concentration COPC - chemical of potenital concern
NN- no tmdcity value
available
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ASS - absorption factor
RfC - reference concentration
Intake Calculations
Tapwater Dermal Parameters
Non -Cancer
Toxicity Values
COPC
CASRN
EPC
rtakeingesgn
D&-nr
DADd,,,,,i
EC�,gg,
B
c
t+
Kp
FA
In EPD?
RfD,rai
RfDd,m,ai
RfC
RBCingeemn
RBCdermei
RBC�,or
RBC­(mg/L)
glkg/day) (mgift/day)
(mg/kglday)
(mg/m')
(unitless)
(hrlevent)
(hr)
(cMhr)
(unitless)
(YIN)
(mg/kg/day)
(mglkg/day)
(mglm')
(mglL)
(mglL)
(mg/L)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
2.0E-03
1.5E-01
3.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.0E+00
1.0E+00
5.0E-03
NE
5.6E+04
NE
5.6E+04
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
4.2E-03
5.1E-01
1.2E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
4.0E-04
6.0E-05
NE
3.4E+00
NE
3.4E+00
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
3.3E-03
2.8E-01
6.6E-01
1.0E-03
0.6
Y
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1.5E-05
NE
1.7E+01
NE
1.7E+01
Barium
7440-39-3
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
4.5E-03
6.2E-01
1.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.0E-01
1.4E-02
5.0E-04
NE
7.8E+02
NE
7.8E+02
Beryllium
7440-41-7
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
1.2E-03
1.2E-01
2.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.0E-03
1.4E-OS
2.0E-05
NE
7.8E-01
NE
7.8E-01
Boron
7440-42-8
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
1.4E-03
1.3E-Of
3.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-02
NE
1.1E+04
NE
1.1E+04
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
4.1E-03
4.5E-01
1.1E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.0E-03
2.5E-05
2.0E-05
NE
1.4E+00
NE
1.4E+00
Calcium
7440-70-2
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-OS
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
NE
1.1E+03
NE
1.1E+03
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-OS
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
NE
1.1E+03
NE
1.1E+03
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1.00E-03
NE
8.0E-10
7.1E-09
NE
1.2E-03
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
4.0E-04
1
Y
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
6.0E-06
NE
4.2E+01
NE
4.2E+01
Copper
7440-50-8
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
3.1E-03
2.4E-01
5.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
4.0E-02
4.0E-02
NE
2.2E+03
NE
2.2E+03
Iron
7439-89-6
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
2.9E-03
2.2E-01
5.2E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
7.0E-01
7.0E-01
NE
3.9E+04
NE
3.9E+04
Lead
7439-92-1
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-10
1.8E-09
NE
5.5E-04
1.5E+00
3.7E+00
1.0E-04
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
2.9E-03
2.1E-01
5.1E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.4E-01
5.6E-03
5.0E-05
NE
3.1E+02
NE
3.1E+02
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
5.4E-03
1.4E+00
3.4E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
3.0E-04
2.1E-OS
3.0E-04
NE
1.2E+00
NE
1.2E+00
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-OS
NE
3.8E-03
3.6E-01
8.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
NE
2.8E+02
NE
2.8E+02
Nickel
7440-02-0
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-10
3.6E-09
NE
5.9E-04
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
2.0E-04
1
Y
2.0E-02
8.0E-04
9.0E-05
NE
2.2E+02
NE
2.2E+02
Potassium
7440-09-7
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-10
3.6E-09
NE
2.0E-04
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
3.4E-03
2.9E-01
7.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
2.0E-02
NE
2.8E+02
NE
2.8E+02
Sodium
7440-23-5
1.00E-03
NE
1.2E-09
1.1E-08
NE
6.0E-04
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
3.6E-03
3.3E-01
7.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
6.0E-01
6.0E-01
NE
3.4E+04
NE
3.4E+04
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-OS
NE
5.5E-03
1.5E+00
3.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
2.7E-03
2.0E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-03
1.3E-04
1.0E-04
NE
7.3E+00
NE
7.3E+00
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.00E-03
NE
1.2E-09
1.1E-08
NE
1.9E-03
2.4E-01
5.9E-01
6.0E-04
1
Y
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
NE
2.8E+04
NE
2.8E+04
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-OS
NE
3.0E-03
2.3E-01
5.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.6E+00
1.6E+00
NE
9.0E+04
NE
9.0E+04
Sulfide
18496-25-8
1.00E-03
NE
7.9E-10
7.1E-09
NE
4.0E-04
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
3.6E-08
NE
5.5E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
2.0E-03
1
Y
3.0E-03
7.5E-05
1.0E-04
NE
2.1E+00
NE
2.1E+00
1/8/2016

Page 3 of 4
ttachment N - Table 4-14
isk Based Concentration Summary
erivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water
FF-SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER - RECREATIONAL BOATER (ADULT)
n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion No
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potenital concern nc -risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c -risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: remedial not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
Cancer
I Final
Basis
Aluminum
M29-91J-b
b.lit+U4
b.tit+U4 nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
3.4E+00
3.4E+00 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.7E+01
2.6E+01 1.7E+01 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
7.8E+02
7.8E+02 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
7.8E-01
7.8E-01 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
1.1 E+04
1.1 E+04 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.4E+00
1.4E+00 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.1E+03
1.1E+03 nc
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.1E+03
1.1 E+03 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
4.2E+01
4.2E+01 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
2.2E+03
2.2E+03 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
3.9E+04
3.9E+04 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
3.1 E+02
3.1 E+02 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.2E+00
1.2E+00 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
2.8E+02
2.8E+02 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.2E+02
2.2E+02 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
2.8E+02
2.8E+02 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
3.4E+04
3.4E+04 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
NA
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
7.3E+00
7.3E+00 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
2.8E+04
2.8E+04 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
9.0E+04
9.0E+04 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
2.1E+00
9.8E-01 9.8E-01 c
1 /8/2016

Page 4 of 4
Table 4-14
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Total Risk Based Concentration
RBC:,,= 1
[(1/RBCmge i.)+(1/RBCderm0+(1/RBC„ap)]
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
TR
RBCmge:gor =
Intake;., *CSF
[EPC].mt * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1
Intake;e, la,e,rouP x)= BW *AT;
i retjme
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration from Dermal Absorption
TR
RBCderm,; =
DADde,,,, * CSF
DADerm DAw'-„ t * SA * EV * EF * ED
d (age group x)=
ATrrerme
DAEm t= [EPC]_, * PCevent
Organic Compounds:
PCevent 2 * FA. KP , 6 • r •rTevent
TevenKt• _C2 4
Kp event /1+3B
PCeventTevenb=t* = FA * C2 * �1 + B )+ 2 * r * I 1 +3B' + B' )
( )
Inorganics Compounds:
Tevent
PCevent =
C2
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC1„haut1a = TR
EC_ *IUR
ECcm, [EPC]VAPOR* ETVap* EF * ED * C1
(ege gmuP xI _ - 24 * AT;;ferme
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC;,,geat;o„ = THI
Intake;,,, / RfD
Intake;, _ [EPC]water * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1
BW *AT
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
THI
RBCderma; =
DAD,,- / RfD
DAE„e„t * DFWadj
DADderm (age group x) =
AT;;terme
DAEm t= [EPC]_, * PCevent
Organic Compounds:
PCeventTevent<t• _ 2 * FA. Kp . 6 * r *rTevent
Kip event 1+3B+3B'
PCeventTevent =t* = FA * C2 * 1 + B -2— 1 + B
Inorganics Compounds:
Kp * Tevent
PCevent = C2
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC;,,ha;at;o„ = THI
ECn� / RfC
EC„� _ [EPC]VAPOR * ETVap * EF * ED * C2
24*AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
--
(mg/kg-day)"
IUR
Chemical specific
--
(ug/m3)"'
Intake
Age/chemical specific
--
mg/kg-day
EC..„
Age/chemical specific
--
(ug/m')
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
--
unitless
RfD
--
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
RfC
--
Chemical specific
(mg/m3)
DAD
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
DA,t
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/cm`-event
ECn�
--
Age/chemical specific
mg/m3
HQ
--
Age/chemical specific
unitless
[EPCLater
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/L
PCevent
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
L/cm2-event
[EPC]—r
----NOT USED---
---NOT USED---
ug/m'
BW
80
80
kg
EF
45
45
day/year
ED
10
10
year
AT
--
3650
day
ATlifetime
25550
--
day
IR
L/day
FI
unitless
SA
5790
5790
cm2
Tevent
2.00
2
hr/event
EV
1
1
event/day
C1
0.001
0.001
mg/ug
ETVap
2
2
hr/day
C2
1000
1000
cm'/L
1/8/2016

Page 1 of 4
:hment O - Table 4-15
Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
,ation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
2EATIONAL FISHER - OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL FISHER (ADULT)
an Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route
NV - not volatile
EC - exposure concentration
CSF - cancer slope factor
RBC - risk based concentration
NTV - no toxicity value available
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ABS - absorption factor
UR - cancer unit risk
COPC - chemical
of potential concern
Intake Calculations
Absorption Factors
Cancer
Toxicity Values
Intake;,,gaaua„
(mglkglday)
DAD--
(mglkglday)
EC,,.nk"
(ug/m')
ECv_
(uglm')
ABS­ABS
(unitless)
d
(unitless)
CSFa,a,
(mglkglday)-'
CSFdarmai
(mglkglday)-'
IUR
(uglm')-'
COPC CASRN
RBCd,gaad .
RBCda,mai
RBCmnkm.r.
RBC„p„
RBC�o�ai
Aluminum
7429-90-5
INC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
INC
NC
NE
NE
Antimony
7440-36-0
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Arsenic
7440-38-2
6.6E-10
3.8E-09
NE
NE
0.6
0.03
1.5E+00 1.5E+00
4.3E-03
1.0E+05
1.7E+04
NE
NE 1.5E+04
Barium
7440-39-3
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Beryllium
7440-41-7
NC
INC
NE
NE
NC
NC
2.4E-03
NC
NC
NE
NE
Boron
7440-42-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Cadmium
7440-43-9
NC
INC
NE
NE
NC
NC
1.8E-03
NC
NC
NE
NE
Calcium
7440-70-2
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
INC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
INC
NC
NE
NE
Chromium III
16065-83-1
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Cobalt
7440-48-4
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
9.0E-03
NC
NC
NE
NE
Copper
7440-50-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Iron
7439-89-6
INC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Lead
7439-92-1
NC
NC
NE
NE
1
NC
NC
NE
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
INC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Mercury
7439-97-6
INC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Nickel
7440-02-0
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
2.4E-04
NC
NC
NE
NE
Potassium
7440-09-7
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
INC
NC
NE
NE
Sodium
7440-23-5
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
INC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
INC
NC
NE
NE
Thallium
7440-28-0
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
INC
NC
NE
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Zinc
7440-66-6
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Nitrate
14797-55-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NC
NC
NE
NE
NC
NC
NC
NC
NE
NE
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
1.1E-09
NE
NE
1
5.0E-01 2.0E+01
8.4E-02
1.8E+05
NE
NE 1.8E+05
1/6/2016

Page 2 of 4
Attachment O - Table 4-15
Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
RECREATIONAL FISHER - OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL FISHER (ADULT)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
NV - not volatile
EC - exposure concentration
RfD - reference dose
RBC - risk based concentration
COPC - chemical of potential Concern
NTV - no toxicity value available
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ABS - absorption
factor
RfC - reference concentration
Intake Calculations
Absorption Factors
Non -Cancer
Toxicity Values
Intake;,,„t
(mg/kg/day)
DADder-
(mg/kg/day)
ECp,njcuj
(mg/m3)
EC-1
(mg/rn)
ABSinc
(unitless)
ABSds
(unities
RfD,i
(mg/kg/day)
RfDd,u,i
(mg/kg/day)
RfC
(m
COPC CASRN
RBC;,,tp,
RBCd,.,i
RBCp,n;cu,
RBC„_
RBCa,i
Aluminum
7429-90-5
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
1.0E+00
1.0E+00
5.0E-03
1.3E+08
NE
NE
1.3E+08
Antimony
7440-36-0
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
4.0E-04
6.0E-05
5.2E+04
NE
NE
5.2E+04
Arsenic
7440-38-2
4.6E-09
2.7E-08
NE
NE
0.6
0.03
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1.5E-05
6.5E+04
1.1E+04
NE
NE
9.6E+03
Barium
7440-39-3
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
2.0E-01
1.4E-02
5.0E-04
2.6E+07
NE
NE
2.6E+07
Beryllium
7440-41-7
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
2.0E-03
1.4E-05
2.0E-05
2.6E+05
NE
NE
2.6E+05
Boron
7440-42-8
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-02
2.6E+07
NE
NE
2.6E+07
Cadmium
7440-43-9
7.7E-09
8.9E-10
NE
NE
1
0.001
1.0E-03
2.5E-05
2.0E-05
1.3E+05
2.8E+04
NE
NE
2.3E+04
Calcium
7440-70-2
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
1.9E+08
NE
NE
1.9E+08
Chromium III
16065-83-1
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
1.9E+08
NE
NE
1.9E+08
Cobalt
7440-48-4
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
6.0E-06
3.9E+04
NE
NE
3.9E+04
Copper
7440-50-8
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
4.0E-02
4.0E-02
5.2E+06
NE
NE
5.2E+06
Iron
7439-89-6
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
7.0E-01
7.0E-01
9.1E+07
NE
NE
9.1E+07
Lead
7439-92-1
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
1.4E-01
5.6E-03
5.0E-05
1.8E+07
NE
NE
1.8E+07
Mercury
7439-97-6
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
3.0E-04
2.1E-05
3.0E-04
3.9E+04
NE
NE
3.9E+04
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
6.5E+05
NE
NE
6.5E+05
Nickel
7440-02-0
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
2.0E-02
8.0E-04
9.0E-05
2.6E+06
NE
NE
2.6E+06
Potassium
7440-09-7
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
2.0E-02
6.5E+05
NE
NE
6.5E+05
Sodium
7440-23-5
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
6.0E-01
6.0E-01
7.8E+07
NE
NE
7.8E+07
Thallium
7440-28-0
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
1.0E-05
1.0E-05
1.3E+03
NE
NE
1.3E+03
Titanium
7440-32-6
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
5.0E-03
1.3E-04
1.0E-04
6.5E+05
NE
NE
6.5E+05
Zinc
7440-66-6
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
3.9E+07
NE
NE
3.9E+07
Nitrate
14797-55-8
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
1.6E+00
1.6E+00
2.1E+08
NE
NE
2.1E+08
Sulfide
18496-25-8
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
NTV
NTV
NE
NE
Chromium A (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
7.7E-09
NE
NE
1
3.0E-03
7.5E-05
1.0E-04
3.9E+05
NE
NE
3.9E+05
1/6/2016

Page 3 of 4
Attachment O - Table 4-15
Risk Based Concentration Summary
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment
RECREATIONAL FISHER - OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL FISHER (ADULT)
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes
Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Tar et Cancer Risk er Chemical 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; Risk Based Concentration not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
I Cancer
(mg/kg)
Final
(mg/kg)
Basis
Aluminum
/42U-W-b
I..SL+Ub
l.3L+uo nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
5.2E+04
5.2E+04 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
9.6E+03
1.5E+04 9.6E+03 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
2.6E+07
2.6E+07 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
2.6E+05
2.6E+05 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
2.6E+07
2.6E+07 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
2.3E+04
2.3E+04 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.9E+08
1.9E+08 nc
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.9E+08
1.9E+08 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
3.9E+04
3.9E+04 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
5.2E+06
5.2E+06 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
9.1E+07
9.1E+07 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.8E+07
1.8E+07 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
3.9E+04
3.9E+04 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
6.5E+05
6.5E+05 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.6E+06
2.6E+06 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
6.5E+05
6.5E+05 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
7.8E+07
7.8E+07 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.3E+03
1.3E+03 nc
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
6.5E+05
6.5E+05 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
3.9E+07
3.9E+07 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
2.1 E+08
2.1 E+08 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
1 /6/2016

Page 4 of 4
Table 4.15
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Total Risk Based Concentration
1
RBCtnta; =
[(1 /RBC;ngaamn) + (1 /RBCda na) + (1 /RBCpa) + (1 /RBC ap)]
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC;ngaauon= TR / Intakeng* CSF
[EPC]aol; * IR * ABSING * FI * EF * ED * C1
Intakeng (age group,)= BW. * ATIff uroa
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCdan a; = TR / DAD * CSF
DADderro(agegroup,)= DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED
BW. * ATIburre
DAE—t = [EPC].,, * ABSd * AF * C1
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC;ngaanon= THI
Intakeng / RfD
Intakeng = [EPC]aou * IR * ABS;ng * FI * EF * ED * C1
BW * AT
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
RBCd... I= THI
DAD / RfD
DADdar,n = DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED
BW * AT
DAE—t = [EPC]aa;I * ABSd * AF * C1
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBClnhalatlon = TR / ECoan * IUR
ECoan (age [EPC]PART * ETPad * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]vAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED
(s group •)— _ 24 * AT
urearoe
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
THI
RBC;nnaladon=
ECno / RfC
ECnu, = [EPC]PART * ETPa,t * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPC]vAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED * C2
24 *AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
(mg/kg-day)-'
IUR
Chemical specific
(ug/m')-'
Intake
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
EC.an
Age/chemical specific
(ug/m')
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
unitless
RfD
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
RfC
Chemical specific
(mg/m')
DAD
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
DAE-nt
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/cm2-event
ECno
Age/chemical specific
mg/m'
HQ
Age/chemical specific
unitless
[EPC]ao;I
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/kg
[EPC]PART
Attachment O - TABLE
Attachment O - TABLE
ug/m'
[EPC]vAPOR
Attachment O - TABLE
Attachment O - TABLE
ug/m'
ABS;ng
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
ABSd
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
BW
80
80
kg
EF
45
45
day/year
ED
10
10
year
AT
3650
day
ATlifetime
25550
day
IR
5
5
mg/day
FI
1
1
unitless
C1
0.000001
0.000001
kg/mg
SA
5790
5790
cm2
AF
0.1
0.1
mg/cm2
EV
1
1
event/day
ETPart
4
4
hours/day
C2
0.001
0.001
mg/ug
ETVap
8
8
hours/day
1 /6/2016

Page 1 of 4
Attachment P -Table 4-16
Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water
OFFSITE RECREATIONAL FISHER - RECREATIONAL FISHER (ADULT) Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion No
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes
Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-0�
NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration
NTV - no toxicity value
available
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ABS - absorption factor
UR - cancer unit risk
COPC - chemical of potenital concern
Intake Calculations
Tapwater
Dermal Parameters
Cancer ToxicityValues
COPC
CASRN
EPC
Fntakein
DA.a
DADd.pp.,
EC„p„
BtKpFAIn
EPD?
CSF,r,i
CSFd,,,p,i
IUR
RBCins„n.n
RBCd.nna
RBC,,,p,r
RBC,_,
(mglL)g/kglday)
(mg kg'
(mg/kglday)
(ug/m')
(unitless)
(hrlevent)
(hr)
(cm/hr)
(unitless)
(Y/W
(mg/kglday)''
(mglkg/day)''
(uglms)''
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.00E-03
NE
INC
INC
NE
2.0E-03
1.5E-01
3.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
4.2E-03
5.1E-01
1.2E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
2.5E-09
NE
3.3E-03
2.8E-01
6.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.5E+00
1.5E+00
4.3E-03
NE
2.6E+01
NE
2.6E+01
Barium
7440-39-3
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
4.5E-03
6.2E-01
1.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Beryllium
7440-41-7
1.00E-03
NE
NC
INC
NE
1.2E-03
1.2E-01
2.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.4E-03
NE
--
NE
Boron
7440-42-8
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
1.4E-03
1.3E-01
3.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.00E-03
NE
INC
INC
NE
4.1E-03
4.5E-01
1.1E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.8E-03
NE
--
NE
Calcium
7440-70-2
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
-
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.00E-03
NE
NC
INC
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
-
NE
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Cobalt
7440-48-0
1.00E-03
NE
INC
INC
NE
1.2E-03
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
4.0E-04
1
Y
9.0E-03
NE
--
NE
Copper
7440-50-8
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
3.1E-03
2.4E-01
5.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Iron
7439-89-6
1.00E-03
NE
INC
INC
NE
2.9E-03
2.2E-01
5.2E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Lead
7439-92-1
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
5.5E-04
1.5E+00
3.7E+00
1.0E-04
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
2.9E-03
2.1E-01
5.1E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
5.4E-03
1.4E+00
3.4E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
3.8E-03
3.6E-01
8.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Nickel
7440-02-0
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
5.9E-04
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
2.0E-04
1
Y
2.4E-04
NE
--
NE
Potassium
7440-09-7
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
2.0E-04
1
Y
NE
-
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
1.00E-03
NE
INC
INC
NE
3.4E-03
2.9E-01
7.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
-
NE
Sodium
7440-23-5
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
6.0E-04
1
Y
NE
-
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
3.6E-03
3.3E-01
7.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
5.5E-03
1.5E+00
3.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
2.7E-03
2.0E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.00E-03
NE
NC
INC
HE
1.9E-03
2.4E-01
5.9E-01
6.0E-04
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.00E-03
NE
INC
NC
NE
3.0E-03
2.3E-01
5.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Sulfde
18496-25-8
1.00E-03
NE
NC
NC
NE
4.0E-04
1
Y
NE
--
NE
Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
5.1E-09
NE
5.5E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
2.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-01
2.0E+01
8.4E-02
NE
9.8E-01
NE
9.8E-01
1/8/2016

Page 2 of 4
Attachment P -Table 4-16
Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water
OFFSITE RECREATIONAL FISHER - RECREATIONAL FISHER (ADULT) Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion No
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes
Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - risk based concentration COPC - chemical of potenital concern
NN- no tmdcity value
available
DAD - dermally absorbed dose
ASS - absorption factor
RfC - reference concentration
Intake Calculations
Tapwater Dermal Parameters
Non -Cancer
Toxicity Values
COPC
CASRN
EPC
rtake„y
DA„„nr
DADd,,,,,ai
EC„n„
B
c
t+
Kp
FA
In EPD?
RfD,rai
RfDd,m,ai
RfC
RBCj_g n
RBCd.rm,i
RBC�,or
RBC­(mg/L)
glkg/day) (mg/kg/day)
(mg/kglday)
(mg/m')
(unitless)
(hrlevent)
(hr)
(cMhr)
(unitless)
(YIN)
(mglkg/day)
(mglkg/day)
(mglm')
(mglL)
(mglL)
(mg/L)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
2.0E-03
1.5E-01
3.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.0E+00
1.0E+00
5.0E-03
NE
5.6E+04
NE
5.6E+04
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
4.2E-03
5.1E-01
1.2E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
4.0E-04
6.0E-05
NE
3.4E+00
NE
3.4E+00
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
3.3E-03
2.8E-01
6.6E-01
1.0E-03
0.6
Y
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
1.5E-05
NE
1.7E+01
NE
1.7E+01
Barium
7440-39-3
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
4.5E-03
6.2E-01
1.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.0E-01
1.4E-02
5.0E-04
NE
7.8E+02
NE
7.8E+02
Beryllium
7440-41-7
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
1.2E-03
1.2E-01
2.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.0E-03
1.4E-OS
2.0E-05
NE
7.8E-01
NE
7.8E-01
Boron
7440-42-8
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
1.4E-03
1.3E-Of
3.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
2.0E-01
2.0E-01
2.0E-02
NE
1.1E+04
NE
1.1E+04
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
4.1E-03
4.5E-01
1.1E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.0E-03
2.5E-05
2.0E-05
NE
1.4E+00
NE
1.4E+00
Calcium
7440-70-2
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-OS
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
NE
1.1E+03
NE
1.1E+03
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-OS
NE
2.8E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.5E+00
2.0E-02
NE
1.1E+03
NE
1.1E+03
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1.00E-03
NE
8.0E-10
7.1E-09
NE
1.2E-03
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
4.0E-04
1
Y
3.0E-04
3.0E-04
6.0E-06
NE
4.2E+01
NE
4.2E+01
Copper
7440-50-8
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
3.1E-03
2.4E-01
5.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
4.0E-02
4.0E-02
NE
2.2E+03
NE
2.2E+03
Iron
7439-89-6
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
2.9E-03
2.2E-01
5.2E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
7.0E-01
7.0E-01
NE
3.9E+04
NE
3.9E+04
Lead
7439-92-1
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-10
1.8E-09
NE
5.5E-04
1.5E+00
3.7E+00
1.0E-04
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Magnesium
7439-95-4
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
2.9E-03
2.1E-01
5.1E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.4E-01
5.6E-03
5.0E-05
NE
3.1E+02
NE
3.1E+02
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
5.4E-03
1.4E+00
3.4E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
3.0E-04
2.1E-OS
3.0E-04
NE
1.2E+00
NE
1.2E+00
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-OS
NE
3.8E-03
3.6E-01
8.7E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
NE
2.8E+02
NE
2.8E+02
Nickel
7440-02-0
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-10
3.6E-09
NE
5.9E-04
2.2E-01
5.4E-01
2.0E-04
1
Y
2.0E-02
8.0E-04
9.0E-05
NE
2.2E+02
NE
2.2E+02
Potassium
7440-09-7
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-10
3.6E-09
NE
2.0E-04
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Selenium
7782-49-2
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
3.4E-03
2.9E-01
7.0E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-03
5.0E-03
2.0E-02
NE
2.8E+02
NE
2.8E+02
Sodium
7440-23-5
1.00E-03
NE
1.2E-09
1.1E-08
NE
6.0E-04
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Strontium
7440-24-6
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
3.6E-03
3.3E-01
7.8E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
6.0E-01
6.0E-01
NE
3.4E+04
NE
3.4E+04
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-OS
NE
5.5E-03
1.5E+00
3.5E+00
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Titanium
7440-32-6
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
1.0E-03
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-08
NE
2.7E-03
2.0E-01
4.9E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
5.0E-03
1.3E-04
1.0E-04
NE
7.3E+00
NE
7.3E+00
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.00E-03
NE
1.2E-09
1.1E-08
NE
1.9E-03
2.4E-01
5.9E-01
6.0E-04
1
Y
3.0E-01
3.0E-01
NE
2.8E+04
NE
2.8E+04
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.00E-03
NE
2.0E-09
1.8E-OS
NE
3.0E-03
2.3E-01
5.6E-01
1.0E-03
1
Y
1.6E+00
1.6E+00
NE
9.0E+04
NE
9.0E+04
Sulfide
18496-25-8
1.00E-03
NE
7.9E-10
7.1E-09
NE
4.0E-04
1
Y
NE
NN
NE
Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9
1.00E-03
NE
4.0E-09
3.6E-08
NE
5.5E-03
2.1E-01
4.9E-01
2.0E-03
1
Y
3.0E-03
7.5E-05
1.0E-04
NE
2.1E+00
NE
2.1E+00
1/8/2016

Page 3 of 4
ttachment P - Table 4-16
isk Based Concentration Summary
erivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water
FF-SITE RECREATIONAL FISHER - RECREATIONAL FISHER (ADULT)
n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion No
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potenital concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: remedial not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
I Non -Cancer
(mg/L)
Cancer
I (mg/L)
Final
I (mg/L)
Basis
Aluminum
/42U-9U-b
b.bE+U4
b.bE+U4 nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
3.4E+00
3.4E+00 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.7E+01
2.6E+01 1.7E+01 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
7.8E+02
7.8E+02 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
7.8E-01
7.8E-01 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
1.1E+04
1.1 E+04 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.4E+00
1.4E+00 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.1E+03
1.1E+03 nc
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.1E+03
1.1E+03 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
4.2E+01
4.2E+01 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
2.2E+03
2.2E+03 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
3.9E+04
3.9E+04 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
3.1 E+02
3.1 E+02 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.2E+00
1.2E+00 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
2.8E+02
2.8E+02 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.2E+02
2.2E+02 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
2.8E+02
2.8E+02 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
3.4E+04
3.4E+04 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
NA
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
7.3E+00
7.3E+00 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
2.8E+04
2.8E+04 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
9.0E+04
9.0E+04 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
2.1E+00
9.8E-01 9.8E-01 c
1 /8/2016

Page 4 of 4
Table 4-16
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Total Risk Based Concentration
RBC:,,= 1
[(1/RGmge i.)+(1/RGderm0+(1/RG„,p
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
TR
RBCmge:ror =
Intake;, *CSF
[EPC].mt * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1
Intake;e, la,e,rouP x)= BW *AT;
i retjme
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration from Dermal Absorption
TR
RBCderm,; =
DADde,,,, * CSF
DADerm DAw'-„ t * SA * EV * EF * ED
a (age group x)=
ATrrerme
DAEm t= [EPC]_, * PCevent
Organic Compounds:
PCevent 2 * FA. KP , 6 • r •rTevent
TevenKt• _C2 4
Kp event /1+3B
PCeventTevenb=t* = FA * C2 * �1 + B )+ 2 * r * I 1 +3B' + B' )
( )
Inorganics Compounds:
Tevent
PCevent =
C2
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC1„haut1a = TR
EC_ *IUR
ECcm, [EPC]VAPOR* ETVap* EF * ED * C1
(age 91OUP xI _ - 24 * AT;;ferme
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC;,,geat;o„ = THI
Intake;,,, / RfD
Intake;, _ [EPC]water * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1
BW *AT
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption
THI
RBCderma; =
DAD,,- / RfD
DAE„e„t * DFWadj
DADderm (age group x) =
AT;;terme
DAEm t= [EPC]_, * PCevent
Organic Compounds:
PCeventTevent<t• _ 2 * FA. Kp . 6 * r *rTevent
Kip event 1+3B+3B'
PCeventTevent =t* = FA * C2 * 1 + B -2— 1 + B
Inorganics Compounds:
Kp * Tevent
PCevent = C2
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation
RBC;,,ha;at;o„ = THI
ECn� / RfC
EC„� _ [EPC]VAPOR * ETVap * EF * ED * C2
24*AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
--
(mg/kg-day)"
IUR
Chemical specific
--
(ug/m3)"'
Intake
Age/chemical specific
--
mg/kg-day
EC..„
Age/chemical specific
--
(ug/m')
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
--
unitless
RfD
--
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
RfC
--
Chemical specific
(mg/m3)
DAD
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
DA,t
Age/chemical specific
Age/chemical specific
mg/cm`-event
ECn�
--
Age/chemical specific
mg/m3
HQ
--
Age/chemical specific
unitless
[EPCLater
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/L
PCevent
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
L/cm2-event
[EPC]—r
----NOT USED---
---NOT USED---
ug/m'
BW
80
80
kg
EF
45
45
day/year
ED
10
10
year
AT
--
3650
day
ATlifetime
25550
--
day
IR
L/day
FI
unitless
SA
5790
5790
cm2
Tevent
2.00
2
hr/event
EV
1
1
event/day
C1
0.001
0.001
mg/ug
ETVap
2
2
hr/day
C2
1000
1000
cm'/L
1/8/2016

Page 1 of 4
Attachment Q - Table 4-17
Risk Based Concentration - Cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentration - Biota
Off -Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - RECREATIONAL(ADULT)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Exposure Routes Evaluated
Duke Energy Ingestion Ves
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1
COPC - chemical of potential concern
ABS - absorption factor
ABS - absorption factor
RBC - risk based
concentration
NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route
CSF - cancer slope factor
NTV - no toxicity
value available
Intake Calculations
Absorption Factors
Cancer Toxicity Values
ABSiNp
CSF_1
COPC CASRN Intake;,,ges
RBCi„..ia„
RBC�,pi
(mg/kgtday)
(unitless)
(mglkglday)'
Aluminum
7429-90-5
NC
NC
NC
Antimony
7440-36-0
NC
NC
NC
Arsenic
7440-38-2
3.1 E-05
1
1.5E+00
2.1 E+00
2.1 E+00
Barium
7440-39-3
NC
NC
NC
Beryllium
7440-41-7
NC
NC
NC
Boron
7440-42-8
NC
NC
NC
Cadmium
7440-43-9
NC
NC
NC
Calcium
7440-70-2
NC
NC
NC
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
NC
NC
NC
Chromium III
16065-83-1
NC
NC
NC
Cobalt
7440-48-4
NC
NC
NC
Copper
7440-50-8
NC
NC
NC
Iron
7439-89-6
NC
NC
NC
Lead
7439-92-1
NC
1
NC
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NC
NC
NC
Manganese
7439-96-5
NC
NC
NC
Mercury
7439-97-6
NC
NC
NC
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
NC
NC
NC
Nickel
7440-02-0
NC
NC
NC
Potassium
7440-09-7
NC
NC
NC
Selenium
7782-49-2
NC
NC
NC
Sodium
7440-23-5
NC
NC
NC
Strontium
7440-24-6
NC
NC
NC
Thallium
7440-28-0
NC
NC
NC
Titanium
7440-32-6
NC
NC
NC
Vanadium
7440-62-2
NC
NC
NC
Zinc
7440-66-6
NC
NC
NC
Nitrate
14797-SS8
NC
NC
NC
Sulfide
18496-258
NC
NC
NC
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
3.1E-05
1
5.0E-01
6.4E+00
6.4E+00
1/6/2016

Page 2 of 4
tachmem O -Table 4-17
sk Based Concentration - Non -cancer -Based
mivalion of Risk Based Concentration - Biota
fSite Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - RECREATIONAL(ADULT)
iman Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
rke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated
Ingestion Yes
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00
)PC -chemical of potential concern RfD -reference dose NTV - no toxicity value available
ABS -absorption factor RBC - risk based concentration
Intake Calculations f
Aluminum
7429-90-5
2.2E-04 1
1.0E+00
4.1
4.6E+03
Antimony
7440-36-0
2.2E-04 1
4.0E-04
1.8E+00
1.8E+00
Arsenic
7440-38-2
2.2E-04 1
3.0E-D4
1.4E+00
1.4E+00
Barium
7440-39.3
2.2E-04 1
2.0E-01
9.1E+02
9.1E+02
Beryllium
7440-41-7
2.2E-04 1
2.0E-03
9.1E+00
9.1E+00
Boron
7440-42-8
2.2E-04 1
2.0E-01
9.1E+02
9.1E+02
Cadmium
7440-43-9
2.2E-04 1
1.0E-03
4.6E+00
4.6E+00
Celdum
7440-70-2
2.2E-04 1
NTV
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
2.2E-04 1
1.5E+00
6.9E+03
6.9E+03
Chromium III
16065-83.1
2.2E-04 1
1.5E+00
6.9E+03
6.9E+03
Cobalt
7440-48-4
2.2E-04 1
3.0E-04
1.4E+00
1.4E+00
Copper
7440-50-8
2.2E-04 1
4.0E-02
1.8E+02
1.8E+02
Iron
7439-89-6
2.2E-04 1
7.0E-01
3.2E+03
3.2E+03
Lead
7439-92-1
2.2E-04 1
NTV
Magnesium
7439-95-4
2.2E-04 1
NTV
Manganese
7439-96-5
2.2E-04 1
1.4E-01
6.4E+02
6.4E+02
Mercury
7439-97-6
2.2E-04 1
3.0E-04
1.4E+00
1.4E+00
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
2.2E-04 1
5.0E-03
2.3E+01
2.3E+01
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.2E-04 1
2.0E-02
9.1E+01
9.1E+01
Potassium
7440-09.7
2.2E-04 1
NTV
Selenium
7782-49-2
2.2E-04 1
5.0E-03
2.3E+01
2.3E+01
Sodium
7440-23-5
2.2E-04 1
NTV
Stron0um
7440-24-6
2.2E-04 1
6.0E-01
2.7E+03
2.7E+03
Thallium
7440-28-0
2.2E-04 1
1.0E-05
4.6E-02
4.6E-02
Txanium
7440-32-6
2.2E-04 1
NTV
Vanadium
7440-62-2
2.2E-04 1
5.0E-03
2.3E+01
2.3E+01
Zinc
7440-66-6
2.2E-04 1
3.0E-01
1.4E+03
1.4E+03
Nitrate
14797-55.8
2.2E-04 1
1.6E+00
7.3E+03
7.3E+03
Sulfide
18496-25.8
2.2E-04 1
NTV
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
2.2E-04 1
3.0E-03
1.4E+01
1.4E+01
1/6/2016

Page 3 of 4
Attachment Q - Table 4-17
Risk Based Concentration Summary
Derivation of Risk Based Concentration - Biota
Off -Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - RECREATIONAL(ADULT)
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Ingestion Yes
Duke Energy
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk(per Chemical 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; risk based concentration not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
Cancer
(mg/kg)
Final
I (mg/kg)
Basis
Aluminum
/4Z`J-`JU-b
4.btrUS
4.ut: Uw nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.8E+00
1.8E+00 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.4E+00
2.1 E+00 1.4E+00 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
9.1E+02
9.1E+02 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
9.1E+00
9.1E+00 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
9.1E+02
9.1E+02 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
4.6E+00
4.6E+00 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
6.9E+03
6.9E+03 nc
Chromium III
16065-83-1
6.9E+03
6.9E+03 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1.4E+00
1.4E+00 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
1.8E+02
1.8E+02 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
3.2E+03
3.2E+03 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
Magnesium
7439-954
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
6.4E+02
6.4E+02 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.4E+00
1.4E+00 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
2.3E+01
2.3E+01 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
9.1E+01
9.1E+01 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
2.3E+01
2.3E+01 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
2.7E+03
2.7E+03 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
4.6E-02
4.6E-02 nc
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
2.3E+01
2.3E+01 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.4E+03
1.4E+03 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
7.3E+03
7.3E+03 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
Chromium A (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
1.4E+01
6.4E+00 6.4E+00 c
1 /6/2016

Page 4 of 4
Attachment Q - Table 4-17
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC,ngesi;on = TR / Intake;n9 * CSF
[EPC]b;ote * IR * ABSiNc * EF * ED * C1
Intake,n9 (age group x) _
BWx * ATrfeeme
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
THI
RBCm9esnnn =
Intake;n9 / RfD
Intake,n9 = [EPC]b,°,e' IR * ABS;n9 * EF * ED * C1
BW*AT
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
(mg/kg-day)-'
Intake
Age/chemical specific
mg/kg-day
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
unitless
RfD
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
HQ
Age/chemical specific
unitless
[EPC]b;ot.
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/kg
ABS;n9
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
BW
80
80
kg
EF
365
365
day/year
ED
10
10
year
AT
3650
day
ATlifetime
25550
day
IR
17.5
17.5
g/day
C1
0.001
0.001
kg/g
1 /6/2016

Attachment Q - Table 4-17
Risk Based Concentration - Cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentration - Biota
Off -Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - RECREATIONAL ADOLESCENT (AGE 6 - <16)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
COPC - chemical of potential concern ABS - absorption factor ABS - absorption factor
NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route CSF - cancer slope factor
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Ingestion Yes
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04
RBC - risk based concentration
NTV - no toxicity value available
Intake Calculations
COPC CASRN Intake,ng-ti-
(mg/kg/day)
Absorption Factors
Cancer Toxicity Values
RBC,ngefi.nEl
ABSING
(unitless)
CSF... I
(mg/kg/day)"t
Aluminum
7429-90-5
NC
NC
NC
Antimony
7440-36-0
NC
NC
NC
Arsenic
7440-38-2
2.5E-05
1
1.5E+00 2.7E+00 2.7E+00
Barium
7440-39-3
NC
NC
NC
Beryllium
7440-41-7
NC
NC
NC
Boron
7440-42-8
NC
NC
NC
Cadmium
7440-43-9
NC
NC
NC
Calcium
7440-70-2
NC
NC
NC
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
NC
NC
NC
Chromium III
16065-83-1
NC
NC
NC
Cobalt
7440-48-4
NC
NC
NC
Copper
7440-50-8
NC
NC
NC
Iron
7439-89-6
NC
NC
NC
Lead
7439-92-1
NC
1
NC
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NC
NC
NC
Manganese
7439-96-5
NC
NC
NC
Mercury
7439-97-6
NC
NC
NC
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
NC
NC
NC
Nickel
7440-02-0
NC
NC
NC
Potassium
7440-09-7
NC
NC
NC
Selenium
7782-49-2
NC
NC
NC
Sodium
7440-23-5
NC
NC
NC
Strontium
7440-24-6
NC
NC
NC
Thallium
7440-28-0
NC
NC
NC
Titanium
7440-32-6
NC
NC
NC
Vanadium
7440-62-2
NC
NC
NC
Zinc
7440-66-6
NC
NC
NC
Nitrate
14797-55-8
NC
NC
NC
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NC
NC
NC
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
7.4E-05
1
5.0E-01 2.7E+00 2.7E+00
Page 1 of 4
1 /6/2016

Attachment Q - Table 4-17
Risk Based Concentration - Non -cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentration - Biota
Off -Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - RECREATIONAL ADOLESCENT (AGE 6 - <16)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated
Ingestion Yes
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical)
r.npr. .. _ rh.-ir 1 of nnfunfiol --rn Rfn _ ruforunru rineu NT/ _ nn Inririly vale is a ilohlu
ASS -absorption factor RBC - risk based concentration
Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values
COPC CASRN Intakeing-tion ABSING RfDoral RBCIo9,nlo„ RBCtoal
m /k /day) (unitless) (mg/kg/day)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.7E-04
1
1.0E+00
5.8E+03
5.8E+03
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.7E-04
1
4.0E-04
2.3E+00
2.3E+00
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.7E-04
1
3.0E-04
1.7E+00
1.7E+00
Barium
7440-39-3
1.7E-04
1
2.0E-01
1.2E+03
1.2E+03
Beryllium
7440-41-7
1.7E-04
1
2.0E-03
1.2E+01
1.2E+01
Boron
7440-42-8
1.7E-04
1
2.0E-01
1.2E+03
1.2E+03
Cadmium
744043-9
1.7E-04
1
1.0E-03
5.8E+00
5.8E+00
Calcium
7440-70-2
1.7E-04
1
NTV
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
1.7E-04
1
1.5E+00
8.7E+03
8.7E+03
Chromium III
16065-83-1
1.7E-04
1
1.5E+00
8.7E+03
8.7E+03
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1.7E-04
1
3.0E-04
1.7E+00
1.7E+00
Copper
7440-50-8
1.7E-04
1
4.0E-02
2.3E+02
2.3E+02
Iron
7439-89-6
1.7E-04
1
7.0E-01
4.1E+03
4.1E+03
Lead
7439-92-1
1.7E-04
1
NTV
Magnesium
7439-95-4
1.7E-04
1
NTV
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.7E-04
1
1.4E-01
8.1E+02
8.1E+02
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.7E-04
1
3.0E-04
1.7E+00
1.7E+00
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
1.7E-04
1
5.0E-03
2.9E+01
2.9E+01
Nickel
7440-02-0
1.7E-04
1
2.0E-02
1.2E+02
1.2E+02
Potassium
7440-09-7
1.7E-04
1
NTV
Selenium
778249-2
1.7E-04
1
5.0E-03
2.9E+01
2.9E+01
Sodium
7440-23-5
1.7E-04
1
NTV
Strontium
7440-24-6
1.7E-04
1
6.0E-01
3.5E+03
3.5E+03
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.7E-04
1
1.0E-05
5.8E-02
5.8E-02
Titanium
7440-32-6
1.7E-04
1
NTV
Vanadium
7440-62-2
1.7E-04
1
5.0E-03
2.9E+01
2.9E+01
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.7E-04
1
3.0E-01
1.7E+03
1.7E+03
Nitrate
14797-55-8
1.7E-04
1
1.6E+00
9.3E+03
9.3E+03
Sulfide
18496-25-8
1.7E-04
1
NTV
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
1.7E-04
1
3.0E-03
1.7E+01
1.7E+01
Page 2 of 4
1/6/2016

hment Q - Table 4-17
Based Concentration Summary
ation of Risk Based Concentration - Biota
ite Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - RECREATIONAL ADOLESCENT (AGE 6 - <16)
n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Energy
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Ingestion Yes
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; risk based concentration not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
Cancer
(mg/kg)
Final
(mg/kg)
Basis
Hiummum
ia/a-au-o
o.at+us
o.at+us nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
2.3E+00
2.3E+00 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.7E+00
2.7E+00 1.7E+00 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
1.2E+03
1.2E+03 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
1.2E+01
1.2E+01 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
1.2E+03
1.2E+03 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
5.8E+00
5.8E+00 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
8.7E+03
8.7E+03 nc
Chromium III
16065-83-1
8.7E+03
8.7E+03 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1.7E+00
1.7E+00 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
2.3E+02
2.3E+02 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
4.1E+03
4.1E+03 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
8.1E+02
8.1E+02 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.7E+00
1.7E+00 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
2.9E+01
2.9E+01 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
1.2E+02
1.2E+02 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
2.9E+01
2.9E+01 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
3.5E+03
3.5E+03 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
5.8E-02
5.8E-02 nc
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
2.9E+01
2.9E+01 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.7E+03
1.7E+03 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
9.3E+03
9.3E+03 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
Chromium VI(hexavalent)
18540-29-9
1.7E+01
2.7E+00 2.7E+00 c
Page 3 of 4
1 /6/2016

Attachment Q - Table 4-17
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
cer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBCingestion - TR / Intakeing * CSF
Intakeing (age group x) -
[EPC]biota * IR * ABSING * EF * ED * C1
BWx * ATlifetime
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC - THI
ngestion - Intakeing / RfD
Intakeing- [EPC]biota * IR * ABSing * EF * ED * C1
_ BW*AT
Page 4 of 4
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
--
(mg/kg-day)
Intake
Age/chemical specific
--
mg/kg-day
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
--
unitless
RfD
--
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
HQ
--
Age/chemical specific
unitless
[EPC]biota
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/kg
ABSing
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
B W
44
44
kg
EF
365
365
day/year
ED
10
10
year
AT
--
3650
day
ATlifetime
25550
--
day
I R
7.6
7.6
g/day
C1
0.001
0.001
kg/g
1 /6/2016

Attachment R - Table 4.18
Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Biota
Off -Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - SUBSISTENCE(CHILD <6)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
COPC - chemical of potential concern ABS - absorption factor ABS - absorption factor
NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route CSF - cancer slope factor
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Ingestion Yes
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04
RBC - risk based concentration
NTV - no toxicity value available
Intake Calculations
COPC CASRN Intake,ng-ti—
(mg/kg/day)
Absorption Factors
Cancer Toxicity Values
RBC,ngefi.nEl
ABSING
(unitless)
CSF... I
(mg/kg/day)"t
Aluminum
7429-90-5
NC
NC
NC
Antimony
7440-36-0
NC
NC
NC
Arsenic
7440-38-2
5.6E-04
1
1.5E+00 1.2E-01 1.2E-01
Barium
7440-39-3
NC
NC
NC
Beryllium
7440-41-7
NC
NC
NC
Boron
7440-42-8
NC
NC
NC
Cadmium
7440-43-9
NC
NC
NC
Calcium
7440-70-2
NC
NC
NC
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
NC
NC
NC
Chromium III
16065-83-1
NC
NC
NC
Cobalt
7440-48-4
NC
NC
NC
Copper
7440-50-8
NC
NC
NC
Iron
7439-89-6
NC
NC
NC
Lead
7439-92-1
NC
1
NC
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NC
NC
NC
Manganese
7439-96-5
NC
NC
NC
Mercury
7439-97-6
NC
NC
NC
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
NC
NC
NC
Nickel
7440-02-0
NC
NC
NC
Potassium
7440-09-7
NC
NC
NC
Selenium
7782-49-2
NC
NC
NC
Sodium
7440-23-5
NC
NC
NC
Strontium
7440-24-6
NC
NC
NC
Thallium
7440-28-0
NC
NC
NC
Titanium
7440-32-6
NC
NC
NC
Vanadium
7440-62-2
NC
NC
NC
Zinc
7440-66-6
NC
NC
NC
Nitrate
14797-55-8
NC
NC
NC
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NC
NC
NC
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
5.6E-03
1
5.0E-01 3.6E-02 3.6E-02
Page 1 of 4
1 /6/2016

Attachment R - Table 4-18
Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Biota
Off -Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - SUBSISTENCE(CHILD <6)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated
Ingestion Yes
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical)
r.npr. .. _ rh.-ir 1 of nnfanfial rnnrorn Rfn _ raforanra rinea NT/ _ nn Inririly vale is availahla
ABS -absorption factor RBC - risk based concentration
Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values
COPC CASRN Intake„,,j,, ABSINo RfD,,,I RBCI,9asrl„ RBCr,I,i
(mg/kglday) (unitless) (mg/kg/day)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
6.5E-03
1
1.0E+00
1.5E+02
1.5E+02
Antimony
7440-36-0
6.5E-03
1
4.0E-04
6.1E-02
6.1E-02
Arsenic
7440-38-2
6.5E-03
1
3.0E-04
4.6E-02
4.6E-02
Barium
7440-39-3
6.5E-03
1
2.0E-01
3.1E+01
3.1E+01
Beryllium
744041-7
6.5E-03
1
2.0E-03
3.1E-01
3.1E-01
Boron
744042-8
6.5E-03
1
2.0E-01
3.1E+01
3.1E+01
Cadmium
744043-9
6.5E-03
1
1.0E-03
1.5E-01
1.5E-01
Calcium
7440-70-2
6.5E-03
1
NTV
Chromium, Total
744047-3
6.5E-03
1
1.5E+00
2.3E+02
2.3E+02
Chromium III
16065-83-1
6.5E-03
1
1.5E+00
2.3E+02
2.3E+02
Cobalt
744048-4
6.5E-03
1
3.0E-04
4.6E-02
4.6E-02
Copper
7440-50-8
6.5E-03
1
4.0E-02
6.1E+00
6.1E+00
Iron
7439-89-6
6.5E-03
1
7.0E-01
1.1E+02
1.1E+02
Lead
7439-92-1
6.5E-03
1
NTV
Magnesium
7439-95-4
6.5E-03
1
NTV
Manganese
7439-96-5
6.5E-03
1
1.4E-01
2.1E+01
2.1E+01
Mercury
7439-97-6
6.5E-03
1
3.0E-04
4.6E-02
4.6E-02
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
6.5E-03
1
5.0E-03
7.7E-01
7.7E-01
Nickel
7440-02-0
6.5E-03
1
2.0E-02
3.1E+00
3.1E+00
Potassium
7440-09-7
6.5E-03
1
NTV
Selenium
778249-2
6.5E-03
1
5.0E-03
7.7E-01
7.7E-01
Sodium
7440-23-5
6.5E-03
1
NTV
Strontium
7440-24-6
6.5E-03
1
6.0E-01
9.2E+01
9.2E+01
Thallium
7440-28-0
6.5E-03
1
1.0E-05
1.5E-03
1.5E-03
Titanium
7440-32-6
6.5E-03
1
NTV
Vanadium
7440-62-2
6.5E-03
1
5.0E-03
7.7E-01
7.7E-01
Zinc
7440-66-6
6.5E-03
1
3.0E-01
4.6E+01
4.6E+01
Nitrate
14797-55-8
6.5E-03
1
1.6E+00
2.4E+02
2.4E+02
Sulfide
18496-25-8
6.5E-03
1
NTV
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
6.5E-03
1
3.0E-03
4.6E-01
4.6E-01
Page 2 of 4
1/6/2016

Page 3 of 4
Attachment R - Table 4-18
Risk Based Concentrations Summary
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Biota
Off -Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - SUBSISTENCE(CHILD <6)
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Ingestion Yes
Duke Energy
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Target Cancer Risk(per Chemical 1 E-04
COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; remedial goal not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
Cancer
(mg/kg)
Final
(mg/kg)
Basis
Aluminum
t429-9U-b
1.5E+U2
1.5E+U2 nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
6.1 E-02
6.1 E-02 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
4.6E-02
1.2E-01 4.6E-02 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
3.1E+01
3.1E+01 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
3.1E-01
3.1E-01 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
3.1 E+01
3.1 E+01 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.5E-01
1.5E-01 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
2.3E+02
2.3E+02 nc
Chromium III
16065-83-1
2.3E+02
2.3E+02 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
4.6E-02
4.6E-02 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
6.1 E+00
6.1 E+00 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
1.1 E+02
1.1E+02 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
2.1 E+01
2.1 E+01 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
4.6E-02
4.6E-02 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
7.7E-01
7.7E-01 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
3.1 E+00
3.1 E+00 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
7.7E-01
7.7E-01 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
9.2E+01
9.2E+01 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.5E-03
1.5E-03 nc
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
7.7E-01
7.7E-01 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
4.6E+01
4.6E+01 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
2.4E+02
2.4E+02 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
Chromium A (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
4.6E-01
3.6E-02 3.6E-02 c
1 /6/2016

Attachment R - Table 4-18
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
cer-Risk Based Concentration
RBCingestion - TR / Intakeing * CSF
Intakeing (age group x) -
Ingestion
[EPC]biota * IR * ABSING * EF * ED * C1
BWx * ATlifetime
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration Goal for Ingestion
RBC - THI
ngestion - Intakeing / RfD
Intake - [EPC]biote * IR * ABSing * EF * ED * C1
ng_ BW*AT
Page 4 of 4
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
--
(mg/kg-day)
Intake
Age/chemical specific
--
mg/kg-day
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
--
unitless
RfD
--
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
HQ
--
Age/chemical specific
unitless
[EPC]biota
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/kg
ABSing
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
BW
15
15
kg
EF
365
365
day/year
ED
6
6
year
AT
--
2190
day
ATlifetime
25550
--
day
I R
98
98
g/day
C1
0.001
0.001
kg/g
1 /6/2016

Attachment R - Table 4.18
Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Biota
Off -Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - SUBSISTENCE(ADULT)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
COPC - chemical of potential concern ABS - absorption factor ABS - absorption factor
NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route CSF - cancer slope factor
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Ingestion Yes
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04
RBC - risk based concentration
NTV - no toxicity value available
Intake Calculations
COPC CASRN Intake,ng-ti—
(mg/kg/day)
Absorption Factors
Cancer Toxicity Values
RBC,ngefi.nEl
ABSING
(unitless)
CSF... I
(mg/kg/day)"t
Aluminum
7429-90-5
NC
NC
NC
Antimony
7440-36-0
NC
NC
NC
Arsenic
7440-38-2
3.0E-04
1
1.5E+00 2.2E-01 2.2E-01
Barium
7440-39-3
NC
NC
NC
Beryllium
7440-41-7
NC
NC
NC
Boron
7440-42-8
NC
NC
NC
Cadmium
7440-43-9
NC
NC
NC
Calcium
7440-70-2
NC
NC
NC
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
NC
NC
NC
Chromium III
16065-83-1
NC
NC
NC
Cobalt
7440-48-4
NC
NC
NC
Copper
7440-50-8
NC
NC
NC
Iron
7439-89-6
NC
NC
NC
Lead
7439-92-1
NC
1
NC
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NC
NC
NC
Manganese
7439-96-5
NC
NC
NC
Mercury
7439-97-6
NC
NC
NC
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
NC
NC
NC
Nickel
7440-02-0
NC
NC
NC
Potassium
7440-09-7
NC
NC
NC
Selenium
7782-49-2
NC
NC
NC
Sodium
7440-23-5
NC
NC
NC
Strontium
7440-24-6
NC
NC
NC
Thallium
7440-28-0
NC
NC
NC
Titanium
7440-32-6
NC
NC
NC
Vanadium
7440-62-2
NC
NC
NC
Zinc
7440-66-6
NC
NC
NC
Nitrate
14797-55-8
NC
NC
NC
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NC
NC
NC
Chromium A (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
3.0E-04
1
5.0E-01 6.6E-01 6.6E-01
Page 1 of 4
1 /6/2016

Attachment R - Table 4-18
Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Biota
Off -Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - SUBSISTENCE(ADULT)
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated
Ingestion Yes
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical)
r.npr. .. _ rh.-ir 1 of nnfanfial rnnrorn Rfn _ raforanra rinea NT/ _ nn Inririly vale is availahla
ABS -absorption factor RBC - risk based concentration
Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values
COPC CASRN Intakei„a,ml,, ABSINo RfDo,al RBCmyasmo RBCrol,i
(mg/k /day) (unitless) (mg/kg/day)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
2.1E-03
1
1.0E+00
4.7E+02
4.7E+02
Antimony
7440-36-0
2.1E-03
1
4.0E-04
1.9E-01
1.9E-01
Arsenic
7440-38-2
2.1E-03
1
3.0E-04
1.4E-01
1.4E-01
Barium
7440-39-3
2.1E-03
1
2.0E-01
9.4E+01
9.4E+01
Beryllium
744041-7
2.1E-03
1
2.0E-03
9.4E-01
9.4E-01
Boron
744042-8
2.1E-03
1
2.0E-01
9.4E+01
9.4E+01
Cadmium
744043-9
2.1E-03
1
1.0E-03
4.7E-01
4.7E-01
Calcium
7440-70-2
2.1E-03
1
NTV
Chromium, Total
744047-3
2.1E-03
1
1.5E+00
7.1E+02
7.1E+02
Chromium III
16065-83-1
2.1E-03
1
1.5E+00
7.1E+02
7.1E+02
Cobalt
744048-4
2.1E-03
1
3.0E-04
1.4E-01
1.4E-01
Copper
7440-50-8
2.1E-03
1
4.0E-02
1.9E+01
1.9E+01
Iron
7439-89-6
2.1E-03
1
7.0E-01
3.3E+02
3.3E+02
Lead
7439-92-1
2.1 E-03
1
NTV
Magnesium
7439-95-4
2.1E-03
1
NTV
Manganese
7439-96-5
2.1E-03
1
1.4E-01
6.6E+01
6.6E+01
Mercury
7439-97-6
2.1E-03
1
3.0E-04
1.4E-01
1.4E-01
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
2.1E-03
1
5.0E-03
2.4E+00
2.4E+00
Nickel
7440-02-0
2.1E-03
1
2.0E-02
9.4E+00
9.4E+00
Potassium
7440-09-7
2.1E-03
1
NTV
Selenium
778249-2
2.1E-03
1
5.0E-03
2.4E+00
2.4E+00
Sodium
7440-23-5
2.1E-03
1
NTV
Strontium
7440-24-6
2.1E-03
1
6.0E-01
2.8E+02
2.8E+02
Thallium
7440-28-0
2.1E-03
1
1.0E-05
4.7E-03
4.7E-03
Titanium
7440-32-6
2.1E-03
1
NTV
Vanadium
7440-62-2
2.1E-03
1
5.0E-03
2.4E+00
2.4E+00
Zinc
7440-66-6
2.1E-03
1
3.0E-01
1.4E+02
1.4E+02
Nitrate
14797-55-8
2.1E-03
1
1.6E+00
7.5E+02
7.5E+02
Sulfide
18496-25-8
2.1E-03
1
NTV
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
2.1E-03
1
3.0E-03
1.4E+00
1.4E+00
Page 2 of 4
1/6/2016

Page 3 of 4
Attachment R - Table 4-18
Risk Based Concentration Summary
Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Biota
Off -Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - SUBSISTENCE(ADULT)
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Ingestion Yes
Duke Energy
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00
Taraet Cancer Risk (Der Chemical) 1 E-04
- chemical of potential concern
nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index
c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; risk based concentration not calculated
COPC CASRN
Risk Based Concentration
Non -Cancer
(mg/kg)
Cancer
(mg/kg)
Final
(mg/kg)
Basis
Aluminum
/4Z`J-`JU-0
4./t*Uz
4./t*Uz nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.9E-01
1.9E-01 nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.4E-01
2.2E-01 1.4E-01 nc
Barium
7440-39-3
9.4E+01
9.4E+01 nc
Beryllium
7440-41-7
9.4E-01
9.4E-01 nc
Boron
7440-42-8
9.4E+01
9.4E+01 nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
4.7E-01
4.7E-01 nc
Calcium
7440-70-2
NA
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
7.1E+02
7.1E+02 nc
Chromium III
16065-83-1
7.1E+02
7.1E+02 nc
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1.4E-01
1.4E-01 nc
Copper
7440-50-8
1.9E+01
1.9E+01 nc
Iron
7439-89-6
3.3E+02
3.3E+02 nc
Lead
7439-92-1
NA
Magnesium
7439-95-4
NA
Manganese
7439-96-5
6.6E+01
6.6E+01 nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
1.4E-01
1.4E-01 nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
2.4E+00
2.4E+00 nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
9.4E+00
9.4E+00 nc
Potassium
7440-09-7
NA
Selenium
7782-49-2
2.4E+00
2.4E+00 nc
Sodium
7440-23-5
NA
Strontium
7440-24-6
2.8E+02
2.8E+02 nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
4.7E-03
4.7E-03 nc
Titanium
7440-32-6
NA
Vanadium
7440-62-2
2.4E+00
2.4E+00 nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.4E+02
1.4E+02 nc
Nitrate
14797-55-8
7.5E+02
7.5E+02 nc
Sulfide
18496-25-8
NA
Chromium VI (hexavalent)
18540-29-9
1.4E+00
6.6E-01 6.6E-01 c
1 /6/2016

Table 4-18
Risk Based Concentration Calculations
Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites
Duke Energy
cer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBCingestion - TR / Intakeing * CSF
Intakeing (age group x) -
[EPC]biota * IR * ABSING * EF * ED * C1
BWx * ATlifetime
Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion
RBC - THI
ngestion - Intakeing / RfD
Intakeing- [EPC]biote * IR * ABSing * EF * ED * C1
_ BW*AT
Page 4 of 4
Parameter
Value - Cancer
Value - Non -Cancer
Units
CSF
Chemical specific
--
(mg/kg-day)
Intake
Age/chemical specific
--
mg/kg-day
ELCR
Age/chemical specific
--
unitless
RfD
--
Chemical specific
mg/kg-day
HQ
--
Age/chemical specific
unitless
[EPC]biota
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
mg/kg
ABSing
Chemical specific
Chemical specific
unitless
BW
80
80
kg
EF
365
365
day/year
ED
10
10
year
AT
--
3650
day
ATlifetime
25550
--
day
I R
170
170
g/day
C1
0.001
0.001
kg/g
1 /6/2016

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
ATTACHMENT 5
HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE POINT
CONCENTRATION TABLES

ATTACHMENT 5
TABLE 5-1
SUMMARY OF EXPOSURE POINT CONCENTRATIONS
HUMAN HEALTH - GROUNDWATER
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Constituent
Reporting
Units
Number of
Samples
Frequency of
Detection
Minimum
Detected
Concentration
Maximum
Detected
Concentration
Mean of
Detected
Concentration
Type of UCL Selected
UCL ca)
EPC tb)
EPC (mg/L)
Aluminum
pg/L
1,619
1,140
5
13,800
445.1
95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL
428
428.2
0.4282
Antimony
pg/L
2,198
543
0.078
94.9
0.597
95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL
0.504
0.504
0.000504
Arsenic
pg/L
2,376
2,051
0.04
4,680
28.39
95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL
51.11
51.11
0.05111
Beryllium
pg/L
2,229
1,320
0.01
98.6
0.577
95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL
0.581
0.581
0.000581
Boron
pg/L
2,388
1,754
2.6
3,080
371.5
95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL
320.2
320.2
0.3202
Cadmium
pg/L
2,198
750
0.026
94.1
0.36
95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL
0.349
0.349
0.000349
Chromium (Total)
pg/L
2,365
2,008
0.097
248
3.454
95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL
4.021
4.021
0.004021
Chromium (VI)
pg/L
1,576
878
0.0083
21
0.473
95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL
0.359
0.359
0.000359
Cobalt
pg/L
2,376
2,224
0.012
895
17.66
95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL
20.75
20.75
0.02075
Lead
pg/L
2,197
1,180
0.028
84.3
0.419
95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL
0.439
0.439
0.000439
Lithium
pg/L
1,258
1,216
0.14
232
6.321
KM H-UCL
NA
232
0.232
Manganese
pg/L
1,772
1,755
2.5
37,000
1,401
95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL
1,685
1,685
1.685
Mercury
pg/L
2,206
168
0.019
13
0.439
95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL
0.133
0.133
0.000133
Molybdenum
pg/L
2,198
1,191
0.067
270
4.546
95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL
3.637
3.637
0.003637
Nickel
pg/L
1,580
1,432
0.14
255
8.121
95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL
9.135
9.135
0.009135
Radium (Total)
pCi/L
1,079
1,079
0
41.9
1.642
95% Chebyshev (Mean, Sd) UCL
2.051
2.051
NA
Selenium
pg/L
2,198
878
0.082
117
5.174
95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL
3.076
3.076
0.003076
Strontium
pg/L
1,761
1,755
3.4
2,910
205.6
95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL
233.7
233.7
0.2337
Thallium
pg/L
2,376
1,393
0.015
5.6
0.255
95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL
0.204
0.204
0.000204
Vanadium
pg/L
1,752
1,170
0.058
154
0.976
95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL
1.195
1.195
0.001195
Zinc
pg/L
1,588
1,141
2.201
870
18.15
95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL
18.25
18.25
0.01825
* Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted
Notes:
EPC - exposure point concentration
pg/L - micrograms per liter
mg/L - milligrams per liter
UCL - 95% Upper Confidence Limit
Prepared by: HES Checked by: ARD
(a) - The 95% UCL values are calculated using the ProUCL software (V. 5.0; USEPA, 2013a). The ProUCL software performs a goodness -of -fit test that accounts for data sets without any non -detect observations, as well as data sets with non -detect observations.
The software then determines the distribution of the data set for which the EPC is being derived (e.g., normal, lognormal, gamma, or non -discernable), and then calculates a conservative and stable 95%
UCL value in accordance with the framework described in "Calculating Upper Confidence Limits for Exposure Point Concentrations at Hazardous Waste Sites" (USEPA, 2002b). The software includes numerous algorithms for calculating 95% UCL values, and
provides a recommended UCL value based on the algorithm that is most applicable to the statistical distribution of the data set. Sample size was greater than or equal to 30 and the number of detected values was greater than or equal to 6, therefore, a 95%
UCL was calculated by ProUCL. The UCL shown is the one recommended by ProUCL. If more than one UCL was recommended, the higher UCL was selected.
(b) - The EPC is the lesser of the maximum detected concentration and the calculated 95% UCL. Where too few samples or detects are available, the maximum detected concentration is used as the EPC.
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 5
TABLE 5-2
SUMMARY OF EXPOSURE POINT CONCENTRATIONS
HUMAN HEALTH - SEDIMENT
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Minimum
Maximum
Constituent
Reporting
Number
Frequency of
Detected
Detected
Mean Detected
Type of UCL Selected
UCL ta)
EPC (b)
Units
Sampless
Detection
Concentration
Concentration
Concentration
Aluminum
mg/kg
14
14
2,200
40,000
14,816
95% Adjusted Gamma UCL
25,620
25,620
Arsenic
mg/kg
14
12
0.47
3.9
1.324
95% KM (t) UCL
1.82
1.818
Cobalt
mg/kg
14
12
0.76
12
5.63
95% KM (t) UCL
1 7.018
1 7.018
Manganese
mg/kg
1 14
1 14
1 22
780
1 244.6
1 95% Adjusted Gamma UCL
485.7
485.7
Thallium
I mg/kg
1 14
1 12
1 0.035
1 0.5
1 0.233
1 95% KM (t) UCL
0.308
0.308
* Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted
Notes:
---: 95% UCL was not calculated due to insufficient sample size or frequency of detection
EPC - exposure point concentration
mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
NA - Not applicable
UCL - 95% Upper Confidence Limit
Prepared by: HES Checked by: ARD
(a) - The 95% UCL values are calculated using the ProUCL software (V. 5.0; USEPA, 2013a). The ProUCL software performs a goodness -of -fit test that accounts for data sets without any non -detect observations, as well as data
sets with non -detect observations. The software then determines the distribution of the data set for which the EPC is being derived (e.g., normal, lognormal, gamma, or non -discernable), and then calculates a conservative and
stable 95% UCL value in accordance with the framework described in "Calculating Upper Confidence Limits for Exposure Point Concentrations at Hazardous Waste Sites" (USEPA, 2002b). The software includes numerous
algorithms for calculating 95% UCL values, and provides a recommended UCL value based on the algorithm that is most applicable to the statistical distribution of the data set. Sample size was greater than or equal to 10 and
the number of detected values was greater than or equal to 6, therefore, a 95% UCL was calculated by ProUCL. The UCL shown is the one recommended by ProUCL. If more than one UCL was recommended, the higher UCL was
selected.
(b) - The EPC is the lesser of the maximum detected concentration and the calculated 95% UCL. Where too few samples or detects are available, the maximum detected concentration is used as the EPC.
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 5
TABLE 5-3
SUMMARY OF EXPOSURE POINT CONCENTRATIONS
HUMAN HEALTH - SURFACE WATER
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Constituent
Reporting
Number
Frequency of
Minimum
Detected
Maximum
Detected
Mean Detected
Type of UCL Selected
UCL taI
EPC tbI
EPC (mg/L)
Units
Sampless
Detection
Concentration
Concentration
Concentration
Aluminum
Ng/L
53
51
72.9
1,320
194.4
95% KM (BCA) UCL
239.5
239.5
0.2395
Chromium (VI)
Ng/L
49
40
0.018
0.76
0.134
KM H-UCL
0.152
0.152
0.000152
Cobalt
Ng/L
53
53
0.12
3.4
0.518
95% Chebyshev (Mean, Sd) UCL
0.82
0.82
0.00082
Manganese
Ng/L
53
53
26.8
1,040
89.17
95% Chebyshev (Mean, Sd) UCL
174.2
174.2
0.1742
Zinc
Ng/L
58
22
2.025
22.9
5.074
95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL
5.454
5.454
0.005454
* Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted
Notes:
EPC - exposure point concentration
pg/L - micrograms per liter
mg/L - milligrams per liter
UCL - 95% Upper Confidence Limit
Prepared by: HES Checked by: ARD
(a) - The 95% UCL values are calculated using the ProUCL software (V. 5.0; USEPA, 2013a). The ProUCL software performs a goodness -of -fit test that accounts for data sets without any non -detect observations, as well as data sets with non -detect observations. The
software then determines the distribution of the data set for which the EPC is being derived (e.g., normal, lognormal, gamma, or non -discernable), and then calculates a conservative and stable 95%
UCL value in accordance with the framework described in "Calculating Upper Confidence Limits for Exposure Point Concentrations at Hazardous Waste Sites" (USEPA, 2002b). The software includes numerous algorithms for calculating 95% UCL values, and provides a
recommended UCL value based on the algorithm that is most applicable to the statistical distribution of the data set. Sample size was greater than or equal to 10 and the number of detected values was greater than or equal to 6, therefore, a 95% UCL was calculated by
ProUCL. The UCL shown is the one recommended by ProUCL. If more than one UCL was recommended, the higher UCL was selected.
(b) - The EPC is the lesser of the maximum detected concentration and the calculated 95% UCL. Where too few samples or detects are available, the maximum detected concentration is used as the EPC.
Page 1 of 1

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station
ATTACHMENT G
HUMAN HEALTH RISK ESTIMATES
SynTerra

ATTACHMENT 6
TABLE 6-1
SUMMARY OF ON -SITE GROUNDWATER EPC/RBC COMPARISON
CONSTRUCTION - CONSTRUCTION WORKER (ADULT)
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
COPC
CAS
Risk -Based Concentration
Ash Basin-
Groundwater
Risk Ratio
Non -Cancer
Cancer
Final
Basis
Exposure Point
Concentration
Non -Cancer
Cancer
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
Aluminum
7429-907
9.6E+04
nc
9.6E+04
nc
0.4
0.000004
nc
Antimony
7440-36-0
1.7E+01
nc
1.7E+01
nc
0.001
0.00003
nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
2.9E+01
4.5E+02
2.9E+01
nc
0.05
0.002
1.14E-04
Beryllium
7440-41-7
4.8E+02
nc
4.8E+02
nc
0.001
0.000001
nc
Boron
7440-42-8
1.9E+04
nc
1.9E+04
nc
0.3
0.00002
nc
Cadmium
7440-43-9
1.0E+01
nc
1.0E+01
nc
0.0003
0.00003
nc
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
8.6E+03
nc
8.6E+03
nc
0.004
0.0000005
nc
Chromium (VI)
18540-29-9
2.8E+01
7.6E+01
2.8E+01
nc
0.0004
0.00001
4.73E-06
Cobalt
7440-48-4
3.3E+02
nc
3.3E+02
nc
0.02
0.0001
nc
Lead (a,b)
7439-92-1
NA
0.0004
NC
nc
Lithium
7439-93-2
NA
0.2
NC
nc
Manganese
7439-96-5
2.2E+03 nc 2.2E+03 nc
2
0.001
nc
Mercury
7439-97-6
5.0E+01 nc 5.0E+01 nc
0.0001
0.000003
nc
Molybdenum
7439-98-7
4.8E+02
nc
4.8E+02
nc
0.004
0.00001
nc
Nickel
7440-02-0
1.0E+03
nc
1.0E+03
nc
0.01
0.00001
nc
Radium (Total)
NA
NA
NC
nc
Selenium
7782-49-2
4.8E+02
nc
4.8E+02
nc
0.003
0.00001
nc
Strontium
7440-24-6
1.9E+05
nc
1.9E+05
nc
0.2
0.000001
nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
NA
0.0002
NA
nc
Vanadium
7440-62-2
9.6E+02
nc
9.6E+02 nc
0.001
0.000001
nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
3.1E+04
nc
3.1E+04 nc
0.02
0.000001
nc
Cumulative Ratio
1 0.003
1 1.19E-04
Cumulative ELCR
I 1.19E-08
Prepared by: HHS Checked by: TCP
Notes:
Groundwater at the site is not used for drinking water.
c - Remedial goal based on cancer risk
COPC - Chemical of potential concern
mg/L - milligrams per liter
NA - No toxicity value available; remedial goal not calculated
NC - Not Calculated
nc - Remedial goal based on non -cancer hazard index
a USEPA has an action level of 15 ug/L for lead in drinking water (USEPA, 2012b).
n> Lead was not included in the cumulative risk calculation, as risk for lead is typically evaluted using biokinetic models. Lead
concentrations are less than the conservative action level of 15 ug/L.
Exoosure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 6
TABLE 6-2
SUMMARY OF OFF -SITE SEDIMENT EPC/RBC COMPARISON
RECREATIONAL SWIMMER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
COPC
CAS
Risk -Based Concentration
Sediment
Risk Ratio
Non -Cancer
Cancer
Final
Basis
Exposure Point
Concentration
Non -Cancer
Cancer
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.2E+07
nc
1.2E+07
nc
25,620
0.002
nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.5E+03
1.4E+03
1.4E+03
c
1.8
0.001
1.27E-03
Cobalt
7440-48-4
3.7E+03
nc
3.7E+03
nc
7.02
0.002
nc
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.7E+06
nc
1.7E+06
nc
486
0.0003
nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.2E+02
nc
1.2E+02
nc
0.31
0.003
nc
Cumulative Ratio
1 0.008
1 1.3E-03
Cumulative ELCR
I 1.3E-07
Notes:
c - Remedial goal based on cancer risk
COPC - Chemical of potential concern
mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
nc - remedial goal based on non -cancer hazard index
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Particulate Inhalation No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04
Prepared by: HHS Checked by: TCP
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 6
TABLE 6-3
SUMMARY OF OFF -SITE SURFACE WATER EPC/RBC COMPARISON
RECREATIONAL SWIMMER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
COPC
CAS
Risk -Based Concentration
Surface Water
Risk Ratio
Non -Cancer
Cancer
Final
Basis
Exposure Point
Concentration
Non -Cancer
Cancer
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.1E+03
nc
1.1E+03
nc
0.2
0.0002
nc
Chromium (VI)
18540-29-9
3.3E-01
2.0E-02
2.0E-02
c
0.0002
0.0005
7.71E-03
Cobalt
7440-48-4
3.5E-01
nc
3.5E-01
nc
0.001
0.002
nc
Manganese
7439-96-5
4.1E+01
nc
4.1E+01
nc
0.2
0.004
nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
3.4E+02
nc
3.4E+02
nc
0.005
NC
nc
Cumulative Ratio
0.007
1 7.7E-03
Cumulative ELCR
7.7E-07
Notes:
c - Remedial goal based on cancer risk
COPC - Chemical of potential concern
mg/L - millgrams per liter
nc - Remedial goal based on non -cancer hazard index
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04
Prepared by: HHS Checked by: TCP
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 6
TABLE 6-4
SUMMARY OF OFF -SITE SEDIMENT EPC/RBC COMPARISON
RECREATIONAL WADER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
COPC
CAS
Risk -Based Concentration
Sediment
Risk Ratio
Non -Cancer
Cancer
Final
Basis
Exposure Point
Concentration
Non -Cancer
Cancer
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.2E+07
nc
1.2E+07
nc
25,620
0.002
nc
Arsenic
7440-38-2
1.5E+03
1.4E+03
1.4E+03
c
1.8
0.001
1.27E-03
Cobalt
7440-48-4
3.7E+03
nc
3.7E+03
nc
7.02
0.002
nc
Manganese
7439-96-5
1.7E+06
nc
1.7E+06
nc
486
0.0003
nc
Thallium
7440-28-0
1.2E+02
nc
1.2E+02
nc
0.31
0.003
nc
Cumulative Ratio
0.008
1.3E-03
Cumulative ELCR
I1.3E-07
Notes:
c - Remedial goal based on cancer risk
COPC - Chemical of potential concern
mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
nc - Remedial goal based on non -cancer hazard index
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion
Yes
Dermal Contact
Yes
Particulate Inhalation
No
Ambient Vapor Inhalation
No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04
Prepared by: HHS Checked by: TCP
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 6
TABLE 6-5
SUMMARY OF OFF -SITE SURFACE WATER EPC/RBC COMPARISON
RECREATIONAL WADER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
COPC
CAS
Risk -Based Concentration
Surface Water
Risk Ratio
Non -Cancer
Cancer
Final
Basis
Exposure Point
Concentration
Non -Cancer
Cancer
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
1.2E+03
nc
1.2E+03
nc
0.2
0.0002
nc
Chromium (VI)
18540-29-9
9.5E-01
8.3E-02
8.3E-02
c
0.0002
0.0002
1.8E-03
Cobalt
7440-48-4
3.6E-01
nc
3.6E-01
nc
0.001
0.002
nc
Manganese
7439-96-5
9.0E+01
nc
9.0E+01
nc
0.2
0.002
nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
3.6E+02
nc
3.6E+02
nc
0.005
0.00002
nc
Cumulative Ratio
1 0.005
1 1.8E-03
Cumulative ELCR
I1.8E-07
Notes:
c - Remedial goal based on cancer risk
COPC - Chemical of potential concern
mg/L - millgrams per liter
nc - Remedial goal based on non -cancer hazard index
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion Yes
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04
Prepared by: HHS Checked by: TCP
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 6
TABLE 6-6
SUMMARY OF OFF -SITE SURFACE WATER EPC/RBC COMPARISON
RECREATIONAL BOATER - RECREATIONAL BOATER (ADULT)
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
COPC
CAS
Risk -Based Concentration
Surface Water
Risk Ratio
Non -Cancer
Cancer
Final
Basis
Exposure Point
Concentration
Non -Cancer
Cancer
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
5.6E+04
nc
5.6E+04
nc
0.2
0.000004
nc
Chromium (VI)
18540-29-9
2.1E+00
9.8E-01
9.8E-01
c
0.0002
0.0001
1.6E-04
Cobalt
7440-48-4
4.2E+01
nc
4.2E+01
nc
0.001
0.00002
nc
Manganese
7439-96-5
3.1E+02
nc
3.1E+02
nc
0.2
0.0006
nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
2.8E+04
nc
2.8E+04
nc
0.005
0.0000002
nc
Cumulative Ratio
0.0007
1.6E-04
Cumulative ELCR
1.6E-08
Notes:
c - Remedial goal based on cancer risk
COPC - Chemical of potential concern
mg/L - millgrams per liter
nc - Remedial goal based on non -cancer hazard index
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion No
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04
Prepared by: HHS Checked by: TCP
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 6
TABLE 6-7
SUMMARY OF OFF -SITE SURFACE WATER EPC/RBC COMPARISON
RECREATIONAL FISHER - RECREATIONAL FISHER (ADULT)
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
COPC
CAS
Risk -Based Concentration
Surface Water
Risk Ratio
Non -Cancer
Cancer
Final
Basis
Exposure Point
Concentration
Non -Cancer
Cancer
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
5.6E+04
nc
5.6E+04
nc
0.2
0.000004
nc
Chromium (VI)
18540-29-9
2.1E+00
9.8E-01
9.8E-01
c
0.0002
0.0001
1.6E-04
Cobalt
7440-48-4
4.2E+01
nc
4.2E+01
nc
0.001
0.00002
nc
Manganese
7439-96-5
3.1E+02
nc
3.1E+02
nc
0.2
0.001
nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
2.8E+04
nc
2.8E+04
nc
0.005
0.0000002
nc
Cumulative Ratio
0.001
1.6E-04
Cumulative ELCR
I1.6E-08
Notes:
COPC - Chemical of potential concern
c - Remedial goal based on cancer risk
mg/L - milligrams per liter
nc - Remedial goal based on non -cancer hazard index
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Incidental Ingestion No
Dermal Contact Yes
Ambient Vapor Inhalation No
'arget Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 3E-04
Prepared by: HHS Checked by: TCP
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 6
TABLE 6-8
SUMMARY OF FISH TISSUE EPC/RBC COMPARISON
FISHER - RECREATIONALCADULT AND ADOLESCENT)
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
COPC
CAS
Risk -Based Concentration - Fish Tissue
Lowest
Noy_
Cancer
RBC
Value
Lowest
Cancer
RBC
Value
BCF
(unitless)
Risk -Based Concentration -
Surface Water
Surface Water
Risk Ratio
Adult
Adolescent (a)
Non -Cancer
Cancer
Final
Basis
Non -Cancer
Cancer
Final
Basis
Non -Cancer
Cancer
Final
Basis
Exposure Point
Concentration
Non -Cancer
Cancer
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
(mg/k9)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
(ni
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
(Ti
Aluminum
7429-90-5
4.6E+03
nc
4.6E+03
nc
5.8E+03
nc
5.8E+03
nc
4.6E+03
nc
2.7
1.7E+03
nc
1.7E+03
nc
0.2
0.0001
nc
Chromium (VI)
18540-29-9
1.4E+01
6.4E+00
6.4E+00
c
1.7E+01
2.7E+00
2.7E+00
c
1.4E+01
2.7E+00
200
6.9E-02
1.4E-02
1.4E-02
c
0.0002
0.002
0.011
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1.4E+00
nc
1.4E+00
nc
1.7E+00
nc
1.7E+00
nc
1.4E+00
nc
400
3.4E-03
nC
3.4E-03
nc
0.001
0.2
nc
Manganese
7439-96-5
6.4E+02
nc
6.4E+02
nc
8.1E+02
nc
8.1E+02
nc
6.4E+02
nc
2.4
2.7E+02
nc
2.7E+02
nc
0.2
0.001
nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.4E+03
nc
1.4E+03
nc
1.7E+03
nc
1.7E+03
nc
1.4E+03
nc
2059
6.7E-01
nc
6.7E-01
nc
0.005
0.01
nc
Cumulative Ratio
0.25
1.1E-02
Cumulative ELCR
1.1E-06
Notes:
BCF - Bioconcentration Factor
COPC - Chemical of potential concern
c - Remedial goal based on cancer risk
mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
mq/L - milligrams per liter
nc - Remedial goal based on non -cancer hazard index
Surface water RBC = Fish Tissue RBC / BCF
Exposure Routes Evaluated
Ingestion Yes
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04
Prepared by:HHS Checked by: ILP
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 6
TABLE 6-9
SUMMARY OF FISH TISSUE EPC/RBC COMPARISON
FISHER - SUBSISTENCE (ADULT AND CHILD)
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
COPC
CAS
Risk -Based Concentration - Fish Tissue
Lowest
Non -
Cancer
RBC
Value
Lowest
Cancer
RBC
Value
BCF
(unitless)
Risk -Based Concentration -
Surface Water
Surface Water
Risk Ratio
Adult
Child (a)
Non -Cancer
Cancer
Final
Basis
Non -Cancer
Cancer
Final
Basis
Non -Cancer
Cancer
Final
Basis
Exposure Point
Concentration
Non -Cancer
Cancer
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
4.7E+02
nc
4.7E+02
nc
1.5E+02
nc
1.5E+02
nc
1.5E+02
nc
2.7
5.7E+01
nc
5.7E+01
nc
0.2
0.004
nc
Chromium (VI)
18540-29-9
1.4E+00
6.6E-01
6.6E-01
c
4.6E-01
3.6E-02
3.6E-02
C
4.6E-01
3.6E-02
200
2.3E-03
1.8E-04
1.8E-04
C
0.0002
0.07
0.84
Cobalt
7440-48-4
1.4E-01
nc
1.4E-01
nc
4.6E-02
nc
4.6E-02
nc
4.6E-02
nc
400
1.1E-04
nc
1.1E-04
nc
0.001
7
nc
Manganese
7439-96-5
6.6E+01
nc
6.6E+01
nc
2.1E+01
nc
2.1E+01
nc
2.1E+01
nc
2.4
8.9E+00
nc
8.9E+00
nc
0.2
0.02
nc
Zinc
7440-66-6
1.4E+02
nc
1.4E+02
nc
4.6E+01
nc
4.6E+01
nc
4.6E+01
nc
2059
2.2E-02
nc
2.2E-02
nc
0.005
0.2
nc
Cumulative Ratio
7
8.4E-01
Cumulative ELCR
8.4E-05
Prepared by: HHS Checked by: TCP
Notes:
BCF - Biomncentration Factor
COPC - Chemical of potential concern
c - Remedial goal based on cancer risk
mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
mg/L - milligrams per liter
nc - remedial goal based on non -cancer hazard index
Surface water RBC = Fish Tissue RBC / BCF
There is no evidence of subsistence fishing occuring in the waterbody evaluated.
Exggsure Routes Evaluated
Ingestion Yes
Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00
Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) IE-04

ATTACHMENT 6
TABLE 6-10
SUMMARY OF EXPOSURE POINT CONCENTRATION COMPARISON TO RISK -BASED CONCENTRATION
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Source Table
Media
Exposure Pathway
Cumulative
HI
by Media
Cumulative
HI by
Receptor
Cumulative
ELCR by
Media
Cumulative
ELCR by
Receptor
TABLE 6-1
Groundwater- On -Site
CONSTRUCTION - CONSTRUCTION WORKER (ADULT)
0.003
0.003
NC
NC
TABLE 6-2
Sediment- Off -Site
OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL SWIMMER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
0.008
0.015
1.3E-07
9.0E-07
TABLE 6-3
Surface Water- Off -Site
OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL SWIMMER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
0.007
7.7E-07
TABLE 6-4
Sediment- Off -Site
OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL WADER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
0.008
0.013
1.3E-07
3.1E-07
TABLE 6-5
Surface Water- Off -Site
OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL WADER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT
0.005
1.8E-07
TABLE 6-6
Surface Water- Off -Site
OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER - OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER (ADULT)
0.0007
0.0007
1.6E-08
1.6E-08
TABLE 6-7
Surface Water- Off -Site
OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL FISHER (ADULT)
0.0007
0.0007
1.6E-08
1.6E-08
TABLE 6-8
Biota (fish)- Off -Site
OFF -SITE FISHER - RECREATIONAL (ADULT AND ADOLESCENT)
1 0.3
1 0.3
1.1E-06
1.1E-06
TABLE 6-9
Biota (fish)- Off -Site
OFF -SITE FISHER - SUBSISTENCE (ADULT AND ADOLESCENT)
1 7
1 7
8.4E-05
8.4E-05
Prepared by: HHS Checked by: TCP
Notes:
HI - hazard index
The cumulative risk for potential carcinogenic effects is referred to as the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR). The ELCR is the likelihood of contracting cancer over and above the background cancer rate. The risk value is also expressed as a
probability (1E-04).
The total non -carcinogenic risk ratios for all COPCs that may produce non -carcinogenic health effects will be summed for each medium, for each exposure scenario.
Bold font indicates an exceedance of HI=1 or ELCR 1 x 10-4.
Page 1 of 1

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station
ATTACHMENT 7
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE POINT
CONCENTRATION TABLES
SynTerra

ATTACHMENT 7
TABLE 7-1
SUMMARY OF EXPOSURE POINT CONCENTRATIONS
ECOLOGICAL - SEDIMENT - BROAD RIVER - EXPOSURE AREA 1
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Number
Frequency
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Constituent
Reporting
of
of
Detected
Detected
Detected
Type
UCL Ian
EPC Ib�
Units
Samples
Detection
Concentration
Concentration
Concentration
Selected dof
Aluminum
mg/kg
7
7
5,100
37,000
15,281
---
---
37,000
Barium
mg/kg
7
7
23
200
87.17
---
---
200
Chromium (Total)
mg/kg
7
7
11
44
21.36
---
---
44
Manganese
m2/kq
7
7
32
660
268
---
---
660
* Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted Prepared by: HES Checked by: ARD
Notes:
not a COPC for this media
95% UCL was not calculated due to insufficient sample size or frequency of detection
EPC - exposure point concentration
mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
NA - Not applicable
UCL - 95% Upper Confidence Limit
(a) - The 95% UCL values are calculated using the ProUCL software (V. 5.0; USEPA, 2013a). The ProUCL software performs a goodness -of -fit test that accounts for data sets without any non -detect
observations, as well as data sets with non -detect observations. The software then determines the distribution of the data set for which the EPC is being derived (e.g., normal, lognormal, gamma, or non -
discernable), and then calculates a conservative and stable 95% UCL value in accordance with the framework described in "Calculating Upper Confidence Limits for Exposure Point Concentrations at
Hazardous Waste Sites" (USEPA, 2002b). The software includes numerous algorithms for calculating 95% UCL values, and provides a recommended UCL value based on the algorithm that is most
applicable to the statistical distribution of the data set. Sample size was greater than or equal to 10 and the number of detected values was greater than or equal to 6, therefore, a 95% UCL was
calculated by ProUCL. The UCL shown is the one recommended by ProUCL. If more than one UCL was recommended, the higher UCL was selected.
(b) - The EPC is the lesser of the maximum detected concentration and the calculated 95% UCL. Where too few samples or detects are available, the maximum detected concentration is used as the EPC.
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 7
TABLE 7-2
SUMMARY OF EXPOSURE POINT CONCENTRATIONS
ECOLOGICAL - SURFACE WATER - BROAD RIVER - EXPOSURE AREA 1
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Reporting
Number
Frequency
Minimum
Maximum
Mean Detected
UCL
Constituent
Units
of
of
Detected
Detected
Concentration
Type of UCL Selected
EPC tb>
EPC (mg/L)
Samples
Detection
Concentration
Concentration
Aluminum
µg/L
23
22
72.9
1,320
239.5
KM H-UCL
286.4
286.4
0.2864
Barium
µg/L
28
28
13.4
49.5
21.48
95% Adjusted Gamma UCL
23.79
23.79
0.02379
Chromium (Total)
µg/L
28
22
0.23
1.6
0.585
KM H-UCL
0.643
0.643
0.000643
Manganese
µg/L
23
23
31
1,040
105
95% Chebyshev (Mean, Sd) UCL
296.2
296.2
1 0.2962
* Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted
Notes:
not a COPC for this media
EPC - exposure point concentration
pg/L - micrograms per liter
mg/L - milligrams per liter
UCL - 95% Upper Confidence Limit
Prepared by: HES Checked by: ARD
(a) - The 95% UCL values are calculated using the ProUCL software (V. 5.0; USEPA, 2013a). The ProUCL software performs a goodness -of -fit test that accounts for data sets without any non -detect observations, as well as data sets with non -detect
observations. The software then determines the distribution of the data set for which the EPC is being derived (e.g., normal, lognormal, gamma, or non -discernable), and then calculates a conservative and stable 95%
UCL value in accordance with the framework described in "Calculating Upper Confidence Limits for Exposure Point Concentrations at Hazardous Waste Sites" (USEPA, 2002b). The software includes numerous algorithms for calculating 95% UCL
values, and provides a recommended UCL value based on the algorithm that is most applicable to the statistical distribution of the data set. Sample size was greater than or equal to 10 and the number of detected values was greater than or equal
to 6, therefore, a 95% UCL was calculated by ProUCL. The UCL shown is the one recommended by ProUCL. If more than one UCL was recommended, the higher UCL was selected.
(b) - The EPC is the lesser of the maximum detected concentration and the calculated 95% UCL. Where too few samples or detects are available, the maximum detected concentration is used as the EPC.
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 7
TABLE 7-3
SUMMARY OF EXPOSURE POINT CONCENTRATIONS
ECOLOGICAL - SEDIMENT - SUCK CREEK - EXPOSURE AREA 2
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Reporting
Number of
Frequency of
Minimum
Max'um
Mean Detected
Type of UCL
Ian
(b)
Constituent
Units
Samples
Detection
Detected
Detected
Concentration
Selected
UCL
EPC
Concentration
Concentration
Aluminum
mg/kg
4
4
2,200
11,000
5,300
---
---
11,000
Barium
mg/kg
4
4
7.7
41
19.93
---
---
41
Manganese
mg/kg
4
4
22
54
30.25
---
---
54
* Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted Prepared by: HES Checked by: ARD
Notes:
not a COPC for this media
---: 95% UCL was not calculated due to insufficient sample size or frequency of detection
EPC - exposure point concentration
mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
NA - Not applicable
UCL - 95% Upper Confidence Limit
(a) - The 95% UCL values are calculated using the ProUCL software (V. 5.0; USEPA, 2013a). The ProUCL software performs a goodness -of -fit test that accounts for data sets without any non -detect
observations, as well as data sets with non -detect observations. The software then determines the distribution of the data set for which the EPC is being derived (e.g., normal, lognormal, gamma, or non -
discernable), and then calculates a conservative and stable 95% UCL value in accordance with the framework described in "Calculating Upper Confidence Limits for Exposure Point Concentrations at
Hazardous Waste Sites" (USEPA, 2002b). The software includes numerous algorithms for calculating 95% UCL values, and provides a recommended UCL value based on the algorithm that is most
applicable to the statistical distribution of the data set. Sample size was greater than or equal to 10 and the number of detected values was greater than or equal to 6, therefore, a 95% UCL was
calculated by ProUCL. The UCL shown is the one recommended by ProUCL. If more than one UCL was recommended, the higher UCL was selected.
(b) - The EPC is the lesser of the maximum detected concentration and the calculated 95% UCL. Where too few samples or detects are available, the maximum detected concentration is used as the EPC.
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 7
TABLE 7-4
SUMMARY OF EXPOSURE POINT CONCENTRATIONS
ECOLOGICAL - SURFACE WATER - SUCK CREEK - EXPOSURE AREA 2
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Reporting
Number
Frequency
Minimum
Maximum
Mean Detected
UCL
Constituent
of
of
Detected
Detected
Type of UCL Selected
EPC cn�
EPC (mg/L)
Units
Samples
Detection
Concentration
Concentration
Concentration
Aluminum
µg/L
28
27
77.4
292
154.6
95% KM (t) UCL
167.8
167.8
0.1678
Barium
µg/L
28
28
18.8
26.7
22.78
95% Student's-t UCL
23.31
23.31
0.02331
Manganese
µg/L
28
28
30
288
80.49
95% Adjusted Gamma UCL
1 94.991
94.99
1 0.0950
* Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted
Notes:
■ not a COPC for this media
EPC - exposure point concentration
pg/L - micrograms per liter
mg/L - milligrams per liter
UCL - 95% Upper Confidence Limit
Prepared by: HES Checked by: ARD
(a) - The 95% UCL values are calculated using the ProUCL software (V. 5.0; USEPA, 2013a). The ProUCL software performs a goodness -of -fit test that accounts for data sets without any non -detect observations, as well as data sets
with non -detect observations. The software then determines the distribution of the data set for which the EPC is being derived (e.g., normal, lognormal, gamma, or non -discernable), and then calculates a conservative and stable 95%
UCL value in accordance with the framework described in "Calculating Upper Confidence Limits for Exposure Point Concentrations at Hazardous Waste Sites" (USEPA, 2002b). The software includes numerous algorithms for calculating
95% UCL values, and provides a recommended UCL value based on the algorithm that is most applicable to the statistical distribution of the data set. Sample size was greater than or equal to 10 and the number of detected values
was greater than or equal to 6, therefore, a 95% UCL was calculated by ProUCL. The UCL shown is the one recommended by ProUCL. If more than one UCL was recommended, the higher UCL was selected.
(b) - The EPC is the lesser of the maximum detected concentration and the calculated 95% UCL. Where too few samples or detects are available, the maximum detected concentration is used as the EPC.
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHEMENT7
TABLE 7-5
SUMMARY OF EXPOSURE POINT CONCENTRATIONS
ECOLOGICAL - SEDIMENT - BROAD RIVER - EXPOSURE AREA 4
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Reporting
Number of
Frequency of
Minimum
MaximumMean
Detected
Type of UCL
cap
cbI
Constituent
Units
Samples
Detection
Detected
Detected
Concentration
Selected
UCL
EPC
Concentration
Concentration
Aluminum
mg/kg
1
1
NA
40,000
---
---
---
40,000
Barium
mg/kg
1
1
NA
160
---
---
---
160
Manganese
mg/kg
1
1
NA
780
---
---
---
780
* Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted
Notes:
not a COPC for this media
951% UCL was not calculated due to insufficient sample size or frequency of detection
EPC - exposure point concentration
mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
NA - Not applicable
UCL - 95% Upper Confidence Limit
Prepared by: HES Checked by: ARD
(a) - The 95% UCL values are calculated using the ProUCL software (V. 5.0; USEPA, 2013a). The ProUCL software performs a goodness -of -fit test that accounts for data sets without any non -detect
observations, as well as data sets with non -detect observations. The software then determines the distribution of the data set for which the EPC is being derived (e.g., normal, lognormal, gamma, or non -
discernable), and then calculates a conservative and stable 95% UCL value in accordance with the framework described in "Calculating Upper Confidence Limits for Exposure Point Concentrations at Hazardous
Waste Sites" (USEPA, 2002b). The software includes numerous algorithms for calculating 95% UCL values, and provides a recommended UCL value based on the algorithm that is most applicable to the
statistical distribution of the data set. Sample size was greater than or equal to 10 and the number of detected values was greater than or equal to 6, therefore, a 95% UCL was calculated by ProUCL. The
UCL shown is the one recommended by ProUCL. If more than one UCL was recommended, the higher UCL was selected.
(b) - The EPC is the lesser of the maximum detected concentration and the calculated 95% UCL. Where too few samples or detects are available, the maximum detected concentration is used as the EPC.
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 7
TABLE 7-6
SUMMARY OF EXPOSURE POINT CONCENTRATIONS
ECOLOGICAL - SURFACE WATER - BROAD RIVER - EXPOSURE AREA 4
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Constituent
Reporting
Number of
Frequency of
Minimum
Detected
MaximumMean
Detected
Detected
Type of UCL
ca)
c6)
EPC
Units
Samples
Detection
Concentration
Selected
UCL
EPC
(mg/L)
Concentration
Concentration
Aluminum
µg/L
2
2
171
299
235
---
---
299
0.299
Barium
Ng/L
2
2
13.7
14
13.85
---
---
14
0.014
Manganese
µg/L
2
2
26.8
31.3
29.05
---
---
31
0.0313
* Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted
Notes:
not a COPC for this media
EPC - exposure point concentration
ug/L - micrograms per liter
mg/L - milligrams per liter
UCL - 95 % Upper Confidence Limit
Prepared by: HES Checked by: ARD
(a) - The 95 % UCL values are calculated using the ProUCL software (V. 5.0; USEPA, 2013a). The Prol-CL software performs a goodness -of -fit test that accounts for data sets without any non -detect observations, as well as data
sets with non -detect observations. The software then determines the distribution of the data set for which the EPC is being derived (e.g., normal, lognormal, gamma, or non -discernable), and then calculates a conservative and
stable 95 % UCL value in accordance with the framework described in "Calculating Upper Confidence Limits for Exposure Point Concentrations at Hazardous Waste Sites" (USEPA, 2002b). The software includes numerous
algorithms for calculating 95 % UCL values, and provides a recommended UCL value based on the algorithm that is most applicable to the statistical distribution of the data set. Sample size was greater than or equal to 10 and
the number of detected values was greater than or equal to 6, therefore, a 95 % UCL was calculated by ProUCL. The UCL shown is the one recommended by ProUCL. If more than one UCL was recommended, the higher UCL was
selected.
(b) - The EPC is the lesser of the maximum detected concentration and the calculated 95 % UCL. Where too few samples or detects are available, the maximum detected concentration is used as the EPC.
Page 1 of 1

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station
ATTACHMENT 8
ECOLOGICAL RISK ESTIMATES
SynTerra

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-1
EXPOSURE PARAMETERS FOR ECOLOGICAL RECEPTORS
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 1
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Dietary Composition
Body
Food
Water Ingestion
Home
Seasonal
Parameter
Weight
Ingestion Rate
Rate
Plants
Mammal/Terr.
Fish
Invertebrates
Birds
Soil
Range
Use Factor
Vertebrates
Algorithm ID
BW
IRF
IRW
PF
AN
AF
A,
AB
SF
HR
SUF
Units
kg
kg/kg BW/day
L/kg BW/day
%
%
%
%
%
%
hectares
unitless
HERBIVORE
ui
Muskrata
1.17
0.3
0.975
100%
0%
0%
0%
0%
2.0%
0.13
1
o
OMNIVORE
a
y
Mallard Duck b
1.161
0.151
0.057
59%
0%
0%
38%
0%
3.3%
435
1
PISCIVORE
Ta
V
'pI
River Otter`
6.76
0.11
0.081
0%
0%
90%
10%
0%
0%
348
1
0
o
Great Blue Herons
2.229
0.18
0.045
0%
0%
100%
0%
0%
2.8%
750
1
IU
INSECTIVORE
Killdeere
0.0711
0.464
0.141
0.0%
1 0% 0%
81%
0%
19% 6
1
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Notes:
Al, - Bird Ingestion Percentage
AF - Fish Ingestion Percentage
Al - Invertebrate Ingestion Percentage
Al, - Mammal Ingestion Percentage
BW - Body Weight
HR - Home Range
IR - Ingestion Rate
kg - Kilograms
kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day
L/kg BW/day - Liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day
PF - Plant Matter Ingestion Percentage
SF - Soil Ingestion Percentage
SUF - Seasonal Use Factor
a BW, IRF, IRW, PF, and HR from USEPA 1993 (sections 2-340 and 2-341); SF from Beyer 1994 (woodchuck surrogate data)
b BW, IRW, PF, AI, and HR from USEPA 1993 (sections 2-43 and 2-45); SF from Beyer et al. 1994; IRF from Nagy 2001 (equation for omnmomus birds)
`BW (Lauhachinda 1978), IRw, AF, Ai (Anderson A Woolf 1987 ) and HR from USEPA 1993 (sections 2-264 and 2-266); SF from Sample and Suter 1994; IRF from Nagy 2001
d BW (Quincy 1982), IRW, IRF, PF, AF, AI, and HR (Parnell s soots 1978) from USEPA 1993 (sections 2-8 and 2-9); SF from Beyer et al. 2003 (W;Ilet surrogate data)
e BW from Dunning 1993; IRF from Nagy 2001 (equation for insect—orous birds); IRW from USEPA 1993 (section 3.2.1, equation 3-15/3-16); SF from Beyer et al. 1994 (mean of range, Al assumed to be remainder); HR from Plissner et al. 2000
f Seasonal Use Factor is set to a default of 1 to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors.
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-2
TOXICITY REFERENCE VALUES FOR ECOLOGICAL RECEPTORS
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 1
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Analyte
TRVs (NOAEL)
TRVs (LOAEL)
Aquatic
Aquatic
Mallard Duck
(mg/kg/day)
Great Blue
(Hero
day)
Killdeer
(mg/kg/day)
Muskrat
(mg/kg/day)
River Otter
(mg/kg/day)
Mallard Duck
(mg/kg/day)
Great Blue
(mg/ Hero
day)
Killdeer
(mg/kg/day)
Muskrat
(mg/kg/day)
River Otter
(mg/kg/day)
Aluminum'
110
110
110
1.93
1.93
1,100
1,100
1,100
19.3
19.3
Barium`
20.8
20.8
20.8
51.8
51.8
41.7
41.7
41.7
75
75
Chromium, TotaId
1
1
1
2,740
2,740
5
5
5
27,400
27,400
Manganese'
179
179
179
51.5
51.5
348
348
348
71
71
Notes:
LOAEL - Lowest Observed Effects Level
mg/kg/day - milligrams per Kilogram per Day
NOAEL - No Observed Adverse Effects Level
TRV - Toxicity Reference Value
a CH2M Hill. 2014. Tier 2 Risk -Based Soil Concentrations Protective of Ecological Receptors at the Hanford Site. CHPRC-01311. Revision 2. July. http://pdw.hanford.gov/arpir/pdf.cfm?accession=0088115
` Only a single paper (Johnson et al., 1960) with data on the toxicity of barium hydroxide to one avian species (chicken) was identified by USEPA (2005); therefore, an avian TRV could not be derived and an Eco-SSL
could not be calculated for avian wildlife (calculation requires a minimum of three results for two test species). Johnson et al. (1960) reports a subchronic NOAEL of 208.26 mg/kg/d. The NOAEL was multiplied by an
uncertainty factor of 0.1 to derive a very conservative TRV of 20.8 mg/kg/d.
Sample et al. 1996
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-3
EXPOSURE AREA AND AREA USE FACTORS FOR ECOLOGICAL RECEPTORS
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 1
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Exposure Point
Exposure Area
(hectares)
Area Use Factor (AUF)
Mallard
Great Blue
Killdeer
Muskrat
River Otter
Duck
Heron
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 1
6.3
1.45%
0.84%
100%
100%
1.81%
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Notes:
a Exposure Area 1 is north of the Inactive Ash Basins and Active Ash Basin. The area includes aquatic habitats in Broad River and Suck Creek.
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-4
EPCS FOR USE IN THE RISK ASSESSMENT
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 1
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
COPC
CASRN
Aquatic EPCsa, b
Sediment EPC Used in
Risk Assessment`
(mg/kg)
Surface Water EPC Used in
Risk Assessment
(mg/L)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
37,000
0.2864
Barium
7440-39-3
200
0.0238
Chromium, Total
7440-47-3
44
0.000643
Manganese
7439-96-5
660
0.2962
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Notes•
COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern
CASRN - Chemical Abstracts Service Registration Number
EPC - Exposure Point Concentration
mg/L - milligrams per liter
mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
a Surface water EPCs are based on 95% UCLs where there is adequate sample size to calculate UCLs. Sediment EPCs are
based on maximum values due to insufficient sample size.
b Surface water and sediment are used to estimate risk to aquatic receptors.
Analysis of solids (i.e., soil and sediment) was reported as dry weight.
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-5
CALCULATION OF AVERAGE DAILY DOSES FOR MALLARD DUCK
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 1
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
AVERAGE DAILY DOSE VIA:
EPCw
EPCs
EPCP
EPC;
BF
ADDf
SUF
AUF
ADDfof
WATER
PLANTS/VEGETATION
INVERTEBRATES
SOIL
NIRw
ADDw
Pf
NIRf
NIRP
ADDP
A,
NIR,
ADD,
Sf
NIRs
ADDS
Slope,
Slope, or
Analyte
or Plant
Uptake
Intercept
Invertebrate
Intercept
Water
Food
Plant
Unadjusted
Invertebrates
Unadjusted
Soil
Area Use
Adjusted Total
COPC in
COPC in
(BAF)
Estimated
Uptake (BAF)
Estimated
Ingestion
Unadjusted
Fraction
Ingestion
Ingestion
Average Daily
Fraction Diet
Ingestion
e Dail
Average
Fraction
Ingestion
Unadjusted
a
Omnivore
Seasonal
Factor
Omnivore
Water
Solid
Concentration
Concentration in
Rate
Average Daily
Diet Plant
Rate, Wet
Rate, Dry a
Dose Plant,
Invertebrates
4
Rate, Dry
Dose
Diet Soil
Rate, Dry s
Average Daily
Bioavailability
Intake (mg
Use Factor
(Exposure
Average Daily
(mg/L)
(mg/kg)
1
in Vegetation
2
Invertebrates
(L/kg
Dose Water
Matter
(kg/kg
(kg/kg
Dry
(percent)
(kg/kg
Invertebrates,
(percent)
(kg/kg
Dose Soil, Dry
(percent)
/kg/day)
(unitless)
Area/Home
Dose
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(Percent)
BW/day)
BW/daY)
(mg/kg/day)
BW/day)
Dry
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
Range)
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
Aluminum
0.2864
37,000
0.0008
29.6
1
37,000
0.057
0.016
59%
0.1505894
0.0133
0.39
38 %
0.013
466
3.3%
0.00282
104
100%
571
1
0.01
8.3
Barium
0.0238
200
0.03
6
1
200
0.057
0.001
59%
0.1505894
0.0133
0.08
38 %
0.013
2.5
3.3%
0.00282
0.56
100%
3.2
1
0.01
0.046
Chromium, Total
0.000643
44
0.0015
0.066
0.1
4.4
0.057
0.00004
59%
0.1505894
0.0133
0.0009
38 %
0.013
0.06
3.3%
0.00282
0.12
100%
0.18
1
0.01
0.003
Manganese
0.2962
660
0.05
33
0.682
-0.809
37.29
0.057
0.017
59%
0.1505894
0.0133
0.44
38%
0.013
0.47
3.3%
0.00282
1.86
100%
2.8
1
0.01
0.040
Notes:
ADD - Average Daily Dose EPC - Exposure Point Concentration
AUF - Area Use Factor mg/L - milligrams per liter
BAF - Bioaccumulation Factor mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
BCF - Bioconcentration Factor kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day
BF - Bioavailability Factor L/kg BW/day - Liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day
COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern NIR - Normalized Ingestion Rate
' Bechtel Jacobs Company 1998a; Baes et al. 1984 (Me); Environmental Restoration Division - Manual ERD-AG-003 1999; default value of 1 is used for constituents for which a BAF could not be found.
Bechtel Jacobs Company 1998b, Table 2, median BAFs for sediment to benthic invertebrates for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn; Sample et al. 19981, (earthworms) for Min; default value of 1 is used for constituents for which a BAF could not be found.
' Dry weight for plants assumed to be 15% of wet weight, based on USPEA, 1993 (Table 4-2).
Dry weight for invertebrates assumed to be 22% of wet weight, based on USEPA, 1993 (Table 4-1)
' Dry weight for sediment/soil assumed to be 56.8% of total weight based on average percent soilds of samples used in this exposure area.
Bioavailability is set to a default of 100% to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors.
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-6
CALCULATION OF AVERAGE DAILY DOSES FOR GREAT BLUE HERON
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 1
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
AVERAGE DAILY DOSE VIA:
EPCw
EPCs
EPCf;sh
EPC;
WATER
FISH
INVERTEBRATES
SOIL
BF
ADD,
SUF
AUF
ADD ­
NIRw
ADD,
Af
NIRf
NIR.
ADD.
Af
NIRa
ADD.
Sf
NIRs
ADDS
Slope, or
Analyte
Fish
Uptake
Invertebrate
Uptake
Intercept
Estimated
Water
Fraction
Food
Fish
Invertebrates
Unadjusted
I
Area Use
Adjusted
]
COPC in
COPC in
(BCF)
Estimated
(BAF)
Concentration
Ingestion
Unadjusted
Diet
Ingestion
Ingestion
Unadjusted
Fraction Diet
Ingestion
Average Daily
Fraction Diet
Soil Ingestion
s
Unadjusted
e
Piscivore
Seasonal
Factor
Total
Concentration
in
Average Daily
s
Average Daily
4
Dose
Rate, Dry
Average Daily
Bioavailability
Use
(Exposure
Piscivore
Water
Solid
in Fish'
Rate
Dose Water
Animal
Rate, Wet
Rate, Dry
Dose, Dr Y
Invertebrates
Rate, Dry
Invertebrates,
Soil
(kg/kg
Dose Soil, Dry
(percent)
Intake
Factor
Area/
Average Daily
(mg/L)
(mg/kg)
2
Invertebrates ,
(L/kg
Matter
(kg/kg
(kg/kg
(percent)
(kg/kg
(percent)
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(percent)
BW/day)
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
BW/day)
Dry
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(unitless)
Home
Dose
(mg/kg/day)
Range)
(mg/kg/day)
Aluminum
0.2864
37,000
0.1
0.03
1
37,000
0.045
0.01
100%
0.18
0.05
0.0013
0%
0.000
0
2.8%
0.0029
106
100%
106
1
0.008
0.9
Barium
0.0238
200
4
0.10
1
200
0.045
0.001
100%
0.18
0.05
0.0043
0%
0.000
0.00
2.8%
0.0029
1
100%
0.58
1
0.008
0.005
Chromium, Total
0.000643
44
200
0.13
0.1
4.4
0.045
0.00003
100%
0.18
0.05
0.0058
0%
0.000
0.00
2.8%
0.0029
0
100%
0.13
1
0.008
0.0011
Manganese
0.2962
660
400
118.48
0.682
-0.809
450.12
0.045
0.013
100%
0.18
0.05
5.3
0%
0.000
0.00
2.8%
0.0029
2
100%
7.23
1
0.008
0.1
Notes:
ADD - Average Daily Dose EPC - Exposure Point Concentration
AUF - Area Use Factor mg/L - milligrams per liter
BAF - Bioaccumulation Factor mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
BCF - Bioconcentration Factor kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day
BF - Bioavailability Factor L/kg BW/day - Liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day
COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern NIR - Normalized Ingestion Rate
' Al (Voigt et al. 2015), mean of fish tissue BAFs; Cu (USEPA 1980); Environmental Restoration Division - Manual ERD-AG-003 1999.
Bechtel Jacobs Company 1998b, Table 2, median BAFs for sediment to benthic invertebrates for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn; Sample et al. 1998b (earthworms) for Mn; default value of 1 is used for constituents for which a BAF could not be found.
3 Dry weight for fish assumed to be 25 % of wet weight, based on USEPA, 1993 (Table 4-1)
° Dry weight for invertebrates assumed to be 22 % of wet weight, based on USEPA, 1993 (Table 4-1)
' Dry weight for sediment/soil assumed to be 56.8 % of total weight based on average percent soilds of samples used in this exposure area.
s Bioavailability is set to a default of 100% to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors.
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-7
CALCULATION OF AVERAGE DAILY DOSES FOR KILLDEER
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 1
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
AVERAGE DAILY DOSE VIA:
EPC,
EPCs
EPC;
BF
ADDf
SUF
AUF
ADDfof
WATER
INVERTEBRATES
SOIL
NIRw
ADDw
NIRf
Af
NIR.
ADD.
Sf
NIRs
ADDS
Slope, or
Analyte
Invertebrate
Uptake
P
Intercept
Estimated
Unadjusted
Food Ingestion
Invertebrates
Unadjusted
Soil Ingestion
Unadjusted
Area Use Factor
Adjusted Total
COPEC in
COPEC in
(BAF)
Concentration in
Water Ingestion
Average Daily
Rate, Wet
Fraction Diet
Ingestion Rate,
Average Daily
Fraction Diet
Rate, Dry s
Average Daily
Bioavailability a
Insectivore
Seasonal
(Exposure
Insectivore
Water
Solid
Invertebrates'
Rate (L/kg
Dose Water
(kg/kg
Invertebrates
Dry2 (kg/kg
Dose
Soil
(kg/kg
Dose Soil, Dry
Dose So/day)
(percent)
Intake
Use Factor
Area/Home
Average Daily
(mg/L)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
BW/day)
(percent)
BW/day)
Invertebrates, Dry
(percent)
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(unitless)
Range)
Dose
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
Aluminum
0.2864
37,000
1
37,000
0.141
0.04
0.464
81%
0.083
3,061
19%
0.05
1,853
100%
4,914
1
1
4,914
Barium
0.0238
200
1
200
0.141
0.003
0.464
81%
0.083
17
19%
0.05
10
100%
27
1
1
27
Chromium, Total
0.000643
44
0.1
4.40
0.141
0.0001
0.464
81%
0.083
0.4
19%
0.05
2
100%
3
1
1
3
Manganese
0.2962
660
0.682
-0.809
37.3
0.141
0.042
0.464
81%
0.083
3.1
19%
0.05
33
100%
36
1
1
36
Notes:
ADD - Average Daily Dose mg/L - milligrams per liter
AUF - Area Use Factor kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day
BAF - Bioaccumulation Factor L/kg BW/day - Liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day
BCF - Bioconcentration Factor NIR - Normalized Ingestion Rate
BF - Bioavailability Factor SUF - Seasonal Use Factor
EPC - Exposure Point Concentration
mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
' Bechtel Jacobs Company 1998b, Table 2, median BAFs for sediment to benthic invertebrates for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn; Sample et al. 1998b (earthworms) for Mn; default value of 1 is used for constituents for which a BAF could not be found.
Dry weight for invertebrates assumed to be 22 % of wet weight, based on USEPA, 1993 (Table 4-1)
' Dry weight for sediment/soil assumed to be 56.8% of total weight based on average percent soilds of samples used in this exposure area.
° Bioavailability is set to a default of 100% to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors.

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-8
CALCULATION OF AVERAGE DAILY DOSES FOR MUSKRAT
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 1
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
AVERAGE DAILY DOSE VIA:
EPCw
EPCs
EPCP
WATER
PLANTS / VEGETATION
SOIL
BF
ADD,
SUF
AUF
ADDtot
NIRw
ADDw
P,
NIR,
NIRP
ADDP
S,
NIR,
ADDS
Slope,
Unadjusted
Soil
Area Use
Adjusted Total
Analyte
or Plant
Uptake
Intercept
COPC in
COPC in
(BAF)
Estimated
Water
Unadjusted
Fraction
Food Ingestion
Plant
Average Daily
Fraction
Ingestion
Unadjusted
4
Herbivore
Seasonal
Factor
Herbivore
Water
Solid
Concentration
Ingestion Rate
Average Daily
Diet Plant
Rate, Wet
Ingestion
2
Dose Plant,
Diet Soil
3
Rate, Dry
Average Daily
Bioavailability
Intake
Use
(Exposure
Average Daily
(mg/L)
(mg/kg)
1
in Vegetation
(L/kg
Dose Water
Matter
(kg/kg
Rate, Dry
Dry
(percent)
(kg/kg
Dose Soil, Dry
(percent)
(mg/kg/day)
Factor
Area/Home
Dose
(mg/kg)
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(percent)
BW/day)
(kg/kg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(unitless)
Range)
(mg/kg/day)
Aluminum
0.2864
37,000
0.0008
30
0.975
0.28
100%
0.3
0.045
1.3
2%
0.0034
126
100%
128
1
1
128
Barium
0.0238
200
0.03
6
0.975
0.02
100%
0.3
0.045
0.27
2%
0.0034
0.68
100%
0.97
1
1
0.97
Chromium, Total
0.000643
44
0.0015
0.066
0.975
0.001
100%
0.3
0.045
0.0030
2%
0.0034
0.15
100%
0.15
1
1
0.15
Manganese
0.2962
660
0.05
33
0.975
0.29
100%
0.3
0.045
1.5
2%
0.0034
2.25
100%
4.0
1
1
4.0
Notes:
ADD - Average Daily Dose
EPC - Exposure Point Concentration
AUF - Area Use Factor
mg/L - milligrams per liter
BAF - Bioaccumulation Factor
mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
BCF - Bioconcentration Factor
kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day
BF - Bioavailability Factor
L/kg BW/day - Liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day
COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern
NIR - Normalized Ingestion Rate
' Bechtel Jacobs Company 1998a; Baes et al. 1984 (Mo); Environmental Restoration Division - Manual ERD-AG-003 1999; default value of 1 is used for constituents for which a BAF could not be found.
z Dry weight for plants assumed to be 15% of wet weight, based on USPEA, 1993 (Table 4-2).
' Dry weight for sediment/soil assumed to be 56.8% of total weight based on average percent soilds of samples used in this exposure area.
4 Bioavailability is set to a default of 100% to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors.
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-9
CALCULATION OF AVERAGE DAILY DOSES FOR RIVER OTTER
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 1
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
AVERAGE DAILY DOSE VIA:
EPC,
EPCS
EPCf;sh
DRINKING WATER
FISH
BF
ADD,
SUF
AUF
ADD,,,
NIR,
ADDW
P,
NIR,
NIR.
ADD.
Analyte
Fish Uptake
(BCF)
Estimated
Unadjusted
Fraction Diet
Unadjusted
Area Use
Adjusted Total
COPC in
COPC in
Concentration
Water Ingestion
Average Daily
Animal
Food Ingestion
Fish Ingestion
Z
Average Daily
3
Bioavailability
Piscivore
Seasonal
Factor
Piscivore
Water
Solid
,
Rate
Rate, Wet
Rate, Dry
Intake
Use Factor
(Exposure
Average Daily
(mg/L)
(mg/kg)
in Fish
(L/kg BW/day)
Dose Water
Matter
(kg/kg BW/day)
(kg/kg BW/day)
Dose, Dry
(percent)
(mg/kg/day)
(unitless)
Area/Home
Dose
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg/day)
(percent)
(mg/kg/day)
Range)
(mg/kg/day)
Aluminum
0.2864
37,000
0.1
0.03
0.081
0.023
90%
0.107256248
0.024
0.0007
100%
0.024
1
0.018
0.0004
Barium
0.0238
200
4
0.10
0.081
0.002
90%
0.107256248
0.024
0.0023
100%
0.004
1
0.018
0.0001
Chromium, Total
0.000643
44
200
0.13
0.081
0.0001
90%
0.107256248
0.024
0.0031
100%
0.003
1
0.018
0.0001
Manganese
0.2962
660
400
118
0.081
0.024
90%
0.107256248
0.024
2.9
100%
2.9
1
0.018
0.05
Notes:
ADD - Average Daily Dose
EPC - Exposure Point Concentration
AUF - Area Use Factor
mg/L - milligrams per liter
BAF - Bioaccumulation Factor
mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
BCF - Bioconcentration Factor
kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day
BF - Bioavailability Factor
L/kg BW/day - Liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day
COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern
NIR - Normalized Ingestion Rate
1 Al (Voigt et al. 2015), mean of fish tissue BAFs; Cu (USEPA 1980); Environmental Restoration Division - Manual ERD-AG-003 1999
z Dry weight for fish assumed to be 25% of wet weight, based on USEPA, 1993 (Table 4-1)
3 Bioavailability is set to a default of 100% to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors.
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-10
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR COPCS - AQUATIC RECEPTORS
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 1
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Analyte
Wildlife Receptor Hazard Quotient Estimated
using the 'No Observed Adverse Effects Level'
Aquatic
Mallard Duck
Great Blue Heron
Killdeer
Muskrat
River Otter
Aluminum
7.51E-02
8.09E-03
4.47E+01
6.62E+01
2.24E-04
Barium
2.20E-03
2.33E-04
1.28E+00
1.88E-02
1.48E-06
Chromium, Total
2.61E-03
1.11E-03
2.57E+00
5.60E-05
2.08E-08
Manganese
2.26E-04
3.39E-04
2.02E-01
7.81E-02
1.01E-03
Analyte
Wildlife Receptor Hazard Quotient Estimated
using the 'Lowest Observed Adverse Effects Level'
Aquatic
Mallard Duck
Great Blue Heron
Killdeer
Muskrat
River Otter
Aluminum
7.51E-03
8.09E-04
4.47E+00
6.62E+00
2.24E-05
Barium
1.10E-03
1.16E-04
6.37E-01
1.30E-02
1.02E-06
Chromium, Total
5.23E-04
2.21E-04
5.14E-01
5.60E-06
2.08E-09
Manganese
1.16E-04
1.75E-04
1.04E-01
5.67E-02
7.35E-04
Notes:
COPC . constituent of potential concern
NM - not measured
Hazard Quotients greater than or equal to 1 are highlighted in gray and in boldface.
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HEs
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-11
EXPOSURE PARAMETERS FOR ECOLOGICAL RECEPTORS
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 2
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Dietary Composition
Body
Food
Water
Home
Seasonal
Plants
Mammal/Terr.
Fish
Invertebrates
Birds
Soil
Parameter
Weight
Ingestion Rate
Ingestion Rate
Range
Use Factorf
Vertebrates
Algorithm ID
BW
IRF
IRW
PF
AM
AF
A,
AB
SF
HR
SUF
Units
kg
kg/kg BW/day
L/kg BW/day
%
%
%
%
%
%
hectares
unitless
HERBIVORE
L
Muskrats
1.17
0.3
0.975
100%
0%
0%
0%
0%
2.0%
0.13
1
O
o
OMNIVORE
wMallard
Duckb
1.161
0.151
0.057
59%
0%
0%
38%
0%
3.3%
435
1
PISCIVORE
v
O
River Otter`
6.76
0.11
0.081
0%
0%
90%
10%
0%
0%
348
1
Ow
Great Blue Heron
2.229
0.18
0.045
0%
1 0%
100%
0%
0%
2.8%
750
1
LU
INSECTIVORE
Killdeere 0.0711 0.464 0.141 0.0% 1 0% 0% 81% 0% 19% 6 1
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Notes:
AB - Bird Ingestion Percentage
AF - Fish Ingestion Percentage
A, - Invertebrate Ingestion Percentage
A,, - Mammal Ingestion Percentage
BW - Body Weight
HR - Home Range
IR - Ingestion Rate
kg - Kilograms
kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day
L/kg BW/day - Liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day
PF - Plant Matter Ingestion Percentage
SF - Soil Ingestion Percentage
SUF - Seasonal Use Factor
a BW, IRF, IRW, PF, and HR from USEPA 1993 (sections 2-340 and 2-341); SF from Beyer 1994 (woodchuck surrogate date)
b BW, IRW, PF, A,, and HR from USEPA 1993 (sections 2-43 and 2-45); SF from Beyer et al. 1994; IRF from Nagy 2001 (equation foromni,omus birds)
c BW (Wuhachinda 1978), IRw, AF, Al (Anderson s Woolf 198, ) and HR from USEPA 1993 (sections 2-264 and 2-266); SF from Sample and Suter 1994; IRF from Nagy 2001
d BW (Quirdy 1982), IRW, IRF, PF, AF, Al, and HR (Parnell a Soots 1978) from USEPA 1993 (sections 2-8 and 2-9); SF from Beyer et al. 2003 (Wlilot surrogate data)
a BW from Dunning 1993; IRF from Nagy 2001 (equation for mseetomorous birds); IRW from USEPA 1993 (section 3.2.1, equation 3-15/3-16); SF from Beyer etal. 1994 (mean of range, A, assumed to be remainder); HR from Plissner etal. 2000
f Seasonal Use Factor is set to a default of 1 to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors.
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-12
TOXICITY REFERENCE VALUES FOR ECOLOGICAL RECEPTORS
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 2
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
TRVs (NOAEL)
TRVs (LOAEL)
Aquatic
Aquatic
Analyte
Great Blue
Great Blue
Mallard Duck
Killdeer
Muskrat
River Otter
Mallard Duck
Killdeer
Muskrat
River Otter
(mg/kg/day)
ro
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
Hero
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/ day)
(mg/ day)
Aluminum'
110
110
110
1.93
1.93
1100
1100
1100
19.3
19.3
Barium`
20.8
20.8
20.8
51.8
51.8
41.7
41.7
41.7
75
75
Manganese'
179
179
179
51.5
51.5
348
348
348
71
71
Notes:
LOAEL - Lowest Observed Effects Level
mg/kg/day - milligrams per Kilogram per Day
NOAEL - No Observed Adverse Effects Level
TRV - Toxicity Reference Value
a CH2M Hill. 2014. Tier 2 Risk -Based Soil Concentrations Protective of Ecological Receptors at the Hanford Site. CHPRC-01311. Revision 2. July. Http://pdw.hanford.gov/arpir/pdf.cfm?accession=0088115
` Only a single paper (Johnson et al., 1960) with data on the toxicity of barium hydroxide to one avian species (chicken) was identified by USEPA (2005); therefore, an avian TRV could not be derived and
an Eco-SSL could not be calculated for avian wildlife (calculation requires a minimum of three results for two test species). Johnson et al. (1960) reports a subchronic NOAEL of 208.26 mg/kg/d.
The NOAEL was multiplied by an uncertainty factor of 0.1 to derive a very conservative TRV of 20.8 mg/kg/d.
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-13
EXPOSURE AREA AND AREA USE FACTORS FOR ECOLOGICAL RECEPTORS
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 2
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Exposure Point
Exposure Area
Area
Use Factor (AUF)
(hectares)
Mallard Duck
Great Blue Heron
Killdeer
Muskrat
River Otter
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 2
4.2
0.97%
0.56%
70%
1000/0
1.21%
Notes:
a Exposure Area 2 is west of the Active Ash Basin and Southeast of the Inactive Ash Basins. The area includes aquatic habitat in Suck Creek.
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-14
EPCS FOR USE IN THE RISK ASSESSMENT
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 2
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
COPC
CASRN
Aquatic EPCsa, b
Sediment EPC Used in
Risk Assessment`
(mg/kg)
Surface Water EPC Used in
Risk Assessment
(mg/L)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
11,000
0.1678
Barium
7440-39-3
41
0.0233
Manganese
7439-96-5
54
0.0950
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Notes:
CASRN - Chemical Abstracts Service Registration Number
COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern
EPC - Exposure Point Concentration
mg/L - milligrams per liter
mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
a EPCs for surface water are based on 95% UCLs. EPCs for sediment are based on maximum values.
b Risk to aquatic receptors is evaluated based on surface water and sediment data.
`Analysis of solids (i.e., soil and sediment) was reported as dry weight.
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-15
CALCULATION OF AVERAGE DAILY DOSES FOR MALLARD DUCK
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 2
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
AVERAGE DAILY DOSE VIA:
EPC,
EPCs
EPC,
EPC;
BF
ADDt
SUF
AUF
ADDtot
WATER
PLANTS/VEGETATION
INVERTEBRATES
SOIL
Slope,
or Slope,
P
NIR„,
ADDW
Pf
NIRf
NIRP
ADDP
Af
NIR,
ADDa
St
NIRs
ADDS
Anal to
Y
or
Plant
a t
Intercept
e ce t
p
Invertebrate
Intercept
Uptake
Uptake
P e
Estimated
Water
Food
Plant
Unadjusted
Invertebrates
Unadjusted
Soil
Unadjusted
Area Use
Adjusted
COPC
COPC in
(BAF)
Estimated
(BAF)
Concentration
Ingestion
Unadjusted
Fraction
Ingestion
Ingestion
Average Daily
Fraction Diet
Ingestion
Average Daily
Fraction
Ingestion
Average Daily
6
Omnivore
Seasonal
Factor
Total
in
Concentration
in
Rate
Average Daily
Diet Plant
Rate, Wet
Rate, Dry s
Dose Plant,
Invertebrates
4
Rate, Dry
Dose
Diet Soil
6
Rate, Dry
Dose Soil,
Bioavailability
Intake (mg
Use
(Exposure
Omnivore
Water
(mg/kg)
in Vegetation' t
InvertebratesZ
(L/kg
Dose Water
Matter
(kg/kg
(kg/kg
Dry
(percent)
(kg/kg
Invertebrates,
(percent)
(kg/kg
Dry
(percent)
/kg/day)
Factor
Area/Home
Average Daily
(mg/L)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(percent)
BW/day)
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
BW/day)
Dry
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(unitless)
Range)
Dose
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
Aluminum
0.1678
11,000
0.0008
9
1
11,000
0.057
0.010
59%
0.1505894
0.0133
0.12
38%
0.013
138
3.3%
0.0040
44
100%
182
1
0.01
1.76
41
0.03
1.23
1
41
0.057
0.00
59%
0.1505894
0.0133
0.016
38%
0.013
0.5162
3.3%
0.0040
0.16
100%
0.70
1
0.01
0.007
EBBrium0.0233
nganese
0.0950
54
0.050
2.7
0.682
-0.809
6.76
0.057
0.005
59%
0.1505894
0.0133
0.04
38%
0.013
0.09
3.3%
0.0040
0.21
100%
0.34
1
0.01
0.003
Notes:
ADD - Average Daily Dose
EPC - Exposure Point Concentration
AUF - Area Use Factor
mg/L - milligrams per liter
BAF - Bioaccumulation Factor
mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
BCF - Bioconcentration Factor
kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day
BF - Bioavailability Factor
L/kg BW/day - Liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day
COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern
NIR - Normalized Ingestion Rate
Bechtel Jacobs Company 1998a; Baes et al. 1984 (Mo); Environmental Restoration Division - Manual ERD-AG-003 1999; default value of 1 is used for constituents for which a BAF could not be found.
Bechtel Jacobs Company 1998b, Table 2, median BAFs for sediment to benthic invertebrates for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn; Sample et al. 1998b (earthworms) for Min; default value of 1 is used for constituents for which a BAF could not be found.
3 Dry weight for plants assumed to be 15 % of wet weight, based on USPEA, 1993 (Table 4-2).
Dry weight for invertebrates assumed to be 22 % of wet weight, based on USEPA, 1993 (Table 4-1)
' Dry weight for sediment/soil assumed to be 80 % of total weight based on average percent soilds of samples used in this exposure area.
s Bioavailability is set to a default of 100% to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors.
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-16
CALCULATION OF AVERAGE DAILY DOSES FOR GREAT BLUE HERON
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 2
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
AVERAGE DAILY DOSE VIA:
EPCw
EPC,
EPCf;sh
EPC;
BF
ADDt
SUF
AUF
ADDtot
WATER
FISH
INVERTEBRATES
SOIL
NIRw
ADDw
Af
NIRf
NIR.
ADD.
Af
NIR.
ADD,
Sf
NIR.
ADD,
Fish
Slope, or
Anal to
Uptake
Invertebrate
Interct
ept
(BCF)
Uptake
Estimated
Water
Fraction
Food
Fish
Invertebrates
Unadj�
Unadjusted
Area Use
Adjusted Total
COPC in
COPC in
Estimated
(BAF)
Concentration
Ingestion
Unadjusted
Diet
Ingestion
Ingestion
Unadjusted
Fraction Diet
Ingestion
Average Daily
Fraction Diet
Soil Ingestion
s
Unadjusted
e
Piscivore
Seasonal
Factor
Piscivore
Water
Solid
Concentration
in
Rate
Average Daily
Animal
Rate, Wet
s
Rate, Dry
Average Daily
Invertebrates
a
Rate, Dry
Dose
Soil
Rate, Dry
Average Daily
Bioavailability
Intake
Use
(Exposure
Average Daily
in Fish'
2
Dose Water
Dose, Dry
Invertebrates,
(kg/kg
Dose Soil, Dr y
(percent)
Factor
Area/
(mg/L)
(mg/kg)
Invertebrates ,
(L/kg
Matter
(kg/kg
(kg/kg
(percent)
(kg/kg
(percent)
(mg/kg/day)
Dose
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(Percent)
BW/day)
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
BW/day)
Dry
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(unitless)
Home
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
Range)
Aluminum
0.1678
11,000
0.1
0.02
1
11,000
0.045
0.008
100%
0.18
0.045
0.001
0%
0.000
0.0
2.8%
0.0040
44
100%
44
1
0.006
0.25
Barium
0.0233
41
4
0.09
1
41
0.045
0.001
100%
0.18
0.045
0.004
0%
0.000
0.00
2.8%
0.0040
0.17
100%
0.17
1
0.006
0.001
Manganese
0.0950
54
400
38.00
0.682
0.809
36.8
0.045
0.004
100%
0.18
0.045
1.7
0%
0.000
0.00
2.8%
0.0040
0.22
100%
1.9
1
0.006
0.011
Notes:
ADD - Average Daily Dose
EPC - Exposure Point Concentration
AUF - Area Use Factor
mg/L - milligrams per liter
BAF - Bioaccumulation Factor
mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
BCF - Bioconcentration Factor
kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day
BF - Bioavailability Factor
L/kg BW/day - Liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day
COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern
NIR - Normalized Ingestion Rate
Al (Voigt et al. 2015), mean of fish tissue BAFs; Cu (USEPA 1980); Environmental Restoration Division - Manual ERD-AG-003 1999.
' Bechtel Jacobs Company 1998b, Table 2, median BAFs for sediment to benthic invertebrates for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn; Sample et al. 1998b (earthworms) for Mn; default value of 1 is used for constituents for which a BAF could not be found.
' Dry weight for fish assumed to be 25% of wet weight, based on USEPA, 1993 (Table 4-1)
° Dry weight for invertebrates assumed to be 22 % of wet weight, based on USEPA, 1993 (Table 4-1)
s Dry weight for sediment/soil assumed to be 80 % of total weight based on average percent soilds of samples used in this exposure area.
6 Bioavailability is set to a default of 100% to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors.
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-17
CALCULATION OF AVERAGE DAILY DOSES FOR KILLDEER
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 2
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
AVERAGE DAILY DOSE VIA:
EPC„,
EPCs
EPC;
BF
ADDt
SUF
AUF
ADDtot
WATER
INVERTEBRATES
SOIL
NIRw
ADD,
NIRf
Af
NIRa
ADDa
Sf
NIRs
ADDS
Slope, or
Analyte
Invertebrate
Uptake
P
Intercept
Estimated
Unadjusted
Food Ingestion
Invertebrates
Unadjusted
Soil Ingestion
Unadjusted
Area Use Factor
Adjusted Total
COPEC in
COPEC in
(BAF)
Concentration in
Water Ingestion
Average Daily
Rate, Wet
Fraction Diet
Ingestion Rate,
Average Daily
Fraction Diet
Rate, Dry ,
Average Daily
Bioavailability 4
Insectivore
Seasonal
(Exposure
Insectivore
Water
Solid
1
Invertebrates
Rate (L/kg
Dose Water
(kg/kg
Invertebrates
Z
Dry (kg/kg
Dose
Soil
(kg/kg
Dose Soil, Dry
(percent)
Intake
Use Factor
Area/Home
Average Daily
(mg/L)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
BW/day)
(percent)
BW/day)
Invertebrates, Dry
(percent)
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(unitless)
Range)
Dose
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
Aluminum
0.1678
11,000
1
11,000
0.141
0.02
0.464
810%
0.083
910
19%
0.07
776
100%
1,686
1
0.7
1,180
Barium
0.0233
41
1
41
0.141
0.003
0.464
81%
0.083
3
19%
0.07
3
100%
6.3
1
0.7
4
Manganese
0.0950
54
0.682
-0.809
6.8
0.141
0.01
0.464
81%
0.083
1
19%
0.07
4
100%
4.38
1
0.7
3
Notes:
ADD - Average Daily Dose
mg/L - milligrams per liter
AUF - Area Use Factor
kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day
BAF - Bioaccumulation Factor
L/kg BW/day - Liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day
BCF - Bioconcentration Factor
NIR - Normalized Ingestion Rate
BF - Bioavailability Factor
SUF - Seasonal Use Factor
EPC - Exposure Point Concentration
mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
' Bechtel Jacobs Company 1998b, Table 2, median BAFs for sediment to benthic invertebrates for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Fib, and Zn; Sample et al. 19981d (earthworms) for Mn; default value of 1 is used for constituents for which a BAF could not be found.
' Dry weight for invertebrates assumed to be 22 % of wet weight, based on USEPA, 1993 (Table 4-1)
' Dry weight for sediment/soil assumed to be 80 % of total weight based on average percent soilds of samples used in this exposure area.
° Bioavailability is set to a default of 100% to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors.
i�L'I

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-18
CALCULATION OF AVERAGE DAILY DOSES FOR MUSKRAT
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 2
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
AVERAGE DAILY DOSE VIA:
EPCw
EPCS
EPCP
BF
ADD,
SUF
AUF
ADD,.,
WATER
PLANTS / VEGETATION
SOIL
Slope, or
NIRw
ADDw
Pf
NIRf
NIRP
ADDP
Sf
NIRS
ADDS
Analyte
PlantIntercept
U pta ke
Adjusted
(BAF)
Estimated
Water
Unadjusted
Fraction
Food
Plant
Unadjusted
Soil
Unadjusted
Area Use
Total
COPC in
COPC in
Concentration
Ingestion
Average Daily
Diet Plant
Ingestion
Ingestion
Average Daily
Fraction
Ingestion
Average Daily
a
Bioavailability
Herbivore
Seasonal
Factor
Herbivore
Water
Solid
1
in Vegetation
Rate
Dose Water
Matter
Rate, Wet
Rate, DryZ
Dose Plant,
Diet Soil
3
Rate, Dry
Dose Soil, Dry
(percent)
Intake
Use Factor
(Exposure
Average Daily
(mg/L)
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
(L/kg
(mg/kg/day)
(percent)
(kg/kg
(kg/kg/day)
Dry
(percent)
(kg/kg
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(unitless)
Area/Home
Dose
BW/day)
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
BW/day)
Range)
(mg/kg/day)
Aluminum
0.1678
11,000
0.0008
8.8
0.975
0.16
100%
0.3
0.045
0.40
2%
0.005
7
100%
7.4
1
1
7.42
Barium
0.0233
41
0.03
1.23
0.975
0.023
100%
0.3
0.045
0.055
2%
0.005
0.026
100%
0.10
1
1
0.10
Manganese
0.0950
54
0.05
3
0.975
0.09
100%
0.3
0.045
0.12
2%
0.005
0.034
100%
0.25
1
1
0.25
Notes:
ADD - Average Daily Dose
EPC - Exposure Point Concentration
AUF - Area Use Factor
mg/L - milligrams per liter
BAF - Bioaccumulation Factor
mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
BCF - Bioconcentration Factor
kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day
BF - Bioavailability Factor
L/kg BW/day - Liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day
COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern
NIR - Normalized Ingestion Rate
' Bechtel Jacobs Company 1998a; Baes et al. 1984 (Mo); Environmental Restoration Division - Manual ERD-AG-003 1999; default value of 1 is used for constituents for which a BAF could not be found.
Z Dry weight for plants assumed to be 15% of wet weight, based on USPEA, 1993 (Table 4-2).
3 Dry weight for sediment/soil assumed to be 80% of total weight based on average percent soilds of samples used in this exposure area.
4 Bioavailability is set to a default of 100% to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors.
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-19
CALCULATION OF AVERAGE DAILY DOSES FOR RIVER OTTER
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 2
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
AVERAGE DAILY DOSE VIA:
EPCN,
EPCs
EPCfieh
BF
ADDt
SUF
AUF
ADDtot
DRINKING WATER
FISH
NIR,,
ADD,,
Pf
NIRf
NIR,,
ADD,,
Fish
Analyte
Uptake
(BCF)
Estimated
Water
Unadjusted
Fraction
Food
Fish
Unadjusted
Seasonal
Area Use
Adjusted Total
COPC in
COPC in
Concentration
Ingestion
Average Daily
Diet
Ingestion
Ingestion
Average Daily
Bioavailability
Piscivore
Use
Factor
Piscivore
Water
Solid
1
Rate
Animal
Rate, Wet
z
Rate, Dry
s
Intake
(Exposure
Average Daily
(mg/L)
(mg/kg)
in Fish
(L/kg
Dose Water
Matter
(kg/kg
(kg/kg
Dose, Dry
(percent)
(mg/kg/day)
Factor
Area/Home
Dose
(mg/kg)
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(percent)
BW/day)
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(unitless)
Range)
(mg/kg/day)
Aluminum
0.1678
11,000
0.1
0.02
0.081
0.014
90%
0.10725625
0.024
0.000
100%
0.014
1
0.01
0.0002
Barium
0.0233
41
4
0.09
0.081
0.002
90%
0.10725625
0.024
0.002
100%
0.0041
1
0.01
0.00005
Manganese
0.0950
54
400
38
0.081
0.008
900/0
0.10725625
0.024
0.92
1000/0
0.925
1
0.01
0.011
Notes:
ADD - Average Daily Dose
AUF - Area Use Factor
BAF - Bioaccumulation Factor
BCF - Bioconcentration Factor
BF - Bioavailability Factor
COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern
EPC - Exposure Point Concentration
mg/L - milligrams per liter
mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day
L/kg BW/day - Liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day
NIR - Normalized Ingestion Rate
1 Al (Voigt et al. 2015), mean of fish tissue BAFs; Cu (USEPA 1980); Environmental Restoration Division - Manual ERD-AG-003 1999.
z Dry weight for fish assumed to be 25% of wet weight, based on USEPA, 1993 (Table 4-1)
3 Bioavailability is set to a default of 100% to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors.
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-20
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR COPCS - AQUATIC RECEPTORS
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 2
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Analyte
Wildlife Receptor Hazard Quotient Estimated
using the 'No Observed Adverse Effects Level'
Aquatic
Mallard Duck
Great Blue Heron
Killdeer
Muskrat
River Otter
Aluminum
1.60E-02
2.26E-03
1.07E+01
3.85E+00
8.75E-05
Barium
3.23E-04
4.59E-05
2.12E-01
2.00E-03
9.64E-07
Manganese
1.84E-05
6.04E-05
1.71E-02
4.81E-03
2.17E-04
Analyte
Wildlife Receptor Hazard Quotient Estimated
using the 'Lowest Observed Adverse Effects Level'
Aquatic
Mallard Duck
Great Blue Heron
Killdeer
I Muskrat
River Otter
Aluminum
1.60E-03
2.26E-04
1.07E+00
3.85E-01
8.75E-06
Barium
1.61E-04
2.29E-05
1.06E-01
1.38E-03
6.66E-07
Manganese
9.47E-06
3.11E-05
8.82E-03
3.49E-03
1.57E-04
Notes:
COPC - constituent of potential concern
NM - not measured
Hazard Quotients greater than or equal to 1 are highlighted in gray and in boldface.
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-21
EXPOSURE PARAMETERS FOR ECOLOGICAL RECEPTORS
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 4
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Water
Dietary Composition
Seasonal
Body
Food
Home
Mammal/Terr.
Parameter
Ingestion
Use
Weight
Ingestion Rate
Plants
Fish
Invertebrates
Birds
Soil
Range
Rate
Vertebrates
Factorf
Algorithm ID
BW
IRF
IRW
PF
AM
AF
A,
AB
SF
HR
SUF
Units
kg
kg/kg BW/day
L/kg BW/day
%
%
%
%
%
%
hectares
unitless
HERBIVORE
O
Muskrata
1.17
0.3
0.975
1000%
0%
09/b
I 09/b
1 00%
2.0%
0.13
1 1
a
OMNIVORE
a
Mallard Duckb
1.161
0.151
0.057
599/o
0%
0%
1 38%
1 0%
3.3%
435
1 1
o:
PISCIVORE
V
o,
River Otter`
6.76
0.11
0.081
0%
0%
90%
10%
0%
1 0%
348
1
0
c
Great Blue Heron
2.229
0.18
0.045
1 00%
1 0%
1 1009/o
09/o
1 00%
2.8%
750
1 1
L +
INSECTIVORE
Killdeere 0.0711 0.464 0.141 1 0.0% 1 0% 0% 81% 00/0 1 19% 6 1
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Notes:
AB - Bird Ingestion Percentage
AF - Fish Ingestion Percentage
A� - Invertebrate Ingestion Percentage
AM - Mammal Ingestion Percentage
BW - Body Weight
HR - Home Range
IR - Ingestion Rate
kg - Kilograms
kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day
L/kg BW/day - Liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day
PF - Plant Matter Ingestion Percentage
SF - Soil Ingestion Percentage
SUF - Seasonal Use Factor
a BW, IRF, IRW, PF, and HR from USEPA 1993 (sections 2-340 and 2-341); SF from Beyer 1994 (woodchuck surrogate data)
b BW, IRW, PF, A„ and HR from USEPA 1993 (sections 2-43 and 2-45); SF from Beyer et al. 1994; IRF from Nagy 2001 (equation foromm— birds)
`BW (Lauhachinda 1978), IRw, AF, A, (Anderson & Wcoif 1987 ) and HR from USEPA 1993 (sections 2-264 and 2-266); SF from Sample and Suter 1994; IRF from Nagy 2001
d BW (Q,mey 1982), IRW, IRF, PF, AF, AI, and HR (Parnell & Soots 1,78) from USEPA 1993 (sections 2-8 and 2-9); SF from Beyer etal. 2003 (W;iiet surrogate data)
e BW from Dunning 1993; IRF from Nagy 2001 (equation for insect—orous bards); IRW from USEPA 1993 (section 3.2.1, equation 3-15/3-16); SF from Beyer et al. 1994 (mean of range, Al assumed to be rema,nder); HR from Plissner et al. 2000
f Seasonal Use Factor is set to a default of 1 to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors.
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-22
TOXICITY REFERENCE VALUES FOR ECOLOGICAL RECEPTORS
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 4
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Analyte
TRVs (NOAEL)
TRVs (LOAEL)
Aquatic
Aquatic
Mallard Duck
(mg/kg/day)
Great Blue Heron
(mg/kg/day)
Killdeer
(mg/kg/day)
Muskrat
(mg/kg/day)
River Otter
(mg/kg/day)
Mallard Duck
(mg/kg/day)
Great Blue Heron
(mg/kg/day)
Killdeer
(mg/kg/day)
Muskrat
(mg/kg/day)
River Otter
(mg/kg/day)
Aluminuma
110
110
110
1.93
1.93
1100
1100
1100
19.3
19.3
Barium`
20.8
20.8
20.8
51.8
51.8
41.7
41.7
41.7
75
75
Manganese'
179
179
179
51.5
51.5
348
348
348
71
71
Notes:
LOAEL - Lowest Observed Effects Level
mg/kg/day - milligrams per Kilogram per Day
NA - Not available
NOAEL - No Observed Adverse Effects Level
TRV - Toxicity Reference Value
CH2M Hill. 2014. Tier 2 Risk -Based Soil Concentrations Protective of Ecological Receptors at the Hanford Site. CHPRC-01311. Revision 2. July.
Http://pdw. hanford. gov/arpi r/pdf. cfm?accession=0088115
` Only a single paper (Johnson et al., 1960) with data on the toxicity of barium hydroxide to one avian species (chicken) was identified by USEPA (2005);
therefore, an avian TRV could not be derived and an Eco-SSL could not be calculated for avian wildlife (calculation requires a minimum of three results for two
test species). Johnson et al. (1960) reports a subchronic NOAEL of 208.26 mg/kg/d. The NOAEL was multiplied by an uncertainty factor of 0.1 to derive a very
conservative TRV of 20.8 mg/kg/d.
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-23
EXPOSURE AREA AND AREA USE FACTORS FOR ECOLOGICAL RECEPTORS
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 4
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Exposure Point
Exposure
Area'
Area Use Factor
(AUF)
Mallard
Great Blue
River
(hectares)
Duck
Heron
Killdeer
Muskrat
Otter
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 4
3.4
0.78%
0.45%
57%
100%
0.98%
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Notes:
a Exposure Area 4 is located northwest of Unit 5 Inactive Ash Basin. The area includes a section of the Broad River, upstream
of the Active Ash Basin, and wooded areas on the plant side of the river.
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 6
TABLE 8-24
EPCS FOR USE IN THE RISK ASSESSMENT
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 4
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
COPC
CASRN
Aquatic EPCs57
Sediment EPC
Used in Risk
Assessment`
(mg/kg)
Surface Water
EPC Used in Risk
Assessment
(mg/L)
Aluminum
7429-90-5
40,000
0.299
Barium
7440-39-3
160
0.014
Man anese
7439-96-5
780
0.031
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Notes:
CASRN - Chemical Abstracts Service Registration Number
COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern
EPC - Exposure Point Concentration
mg/L - milligrams per liter
mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
a EPCs for surface water are based on 95% UCLs. EPCs for sediment are based on maximum concentrations.
b Aquatic receptors in this area are evaluated using surface water and sediment data.
`Analysis of solids (i.e., soil and sediment) was reported as dry weight.
Page 1ofI

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-25
CALCULATION OF AVERAGE DAILY DOSES FOR MALLARD DUCK
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 4
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
AVERAGE
DAILY DOSE VIA:
EPC„,
EPCs
EPCP
EPCi
BF
ADD,
SUF
AUF
ADD,a,
WATER
PLANTS/VEGETATION
INVERTEBRATES
SOIL
NIRw
ADDw
P,
NIRf
NIk
ADD,
A,
NIR,
ADD,
S,
NIR,
ADD,
Analyte
Slope, or
Plant Uptake
(BAF)
Intercept
Slope, or
Invertebrate
Uptake (BAF)
Intercept
COPC in
Water
(mg/L)
COPC in
Solid
(mg/kg)
Estimated
Concentration in
Vegetation'
(mg/kg)
Estimated
Concentration
in
Invertebrates
(mg/kg)
Water
Ingestion
Rate
(L/kg
BW/day)
Unadjusted
Average Daily
Dose Water
(mg/kg/day)
Fraction
Diet Plant
Matter
(percent)
Food
Ingestion
Rate, Wet
(kg/kg
BW/day)
Plant
Ingestion
Rate, Drya
(kg/kg
BW/day)
Unadjusted
Average Daily
Dose Plant,
Dry
(mg/kg/day)
Fraction Diet
Invertebrates
(percent)
Invertebrates
Ingestion Rate,
Dry4
(kg/kg BW/day)
Unadjusted
Average Daily
Dose
Invertebrates,
Dry
(ma/ka/dav)
Fraction
Diet Soil
(percent)
Soil Ingestion
Rate, Drys
(kg/kg
BW/day)
Unadjusted
Average Daily
Dose Soil, Dry
(mg/kg/day)
Bioavailabilitya
(percent)
Omnivore
Intake (mg
/kg/day)
Seasonal
Use Factor
(unitless)
Area Use
Factor
(Exposure
Area/Home
Range)
Adjusted Total
Omnivore
Average Daily
Dose
(mg/kg/day)
Aluminum
0.299
40,000
0.0008
32
1
40,000
0.057
0.017
59%
0.15058935
0.0133
1 0.426
38%
0.013
504
3.3%
1 0.00273
109
100%
613.34
1
0.008
4.8
Barium
0.014
160
0.03
4.8
1
160
0.057
0.001
59%
0.15058935
0.0133
0.064
38%
0.013
2.0
3.3%
0.00273
0.4
100%
2.5164
1
0.008
0.02
Manganese
0.031
780
0.05
39
0.682
-0.809
42
0.057
0.002
59%
0.15058935
1 0.0133
0.520
38%
0.013
0.5
3.3%
0.00273
2.1
100%
3.18
1
0.008
0.02
Prepared by:TQP Checked by:FLES.
Notes:
ADD - Average Daily Dose
EPC - Exposure Point Concentration
AUF - Area Use Factor
mg/L - milligrams per liter
BAF - Bioaccumulation Factor
mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
BCF - Bioconcentration Factor
kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day
BF - Bioavailability Factor
L/kg BW/day - Liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day
COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern
NIR - Normalized Ingestion Rate
1 Bechtel Jacobs Company 1998a; Baes et al. 1984 (Mo); Environmental Restoration Division - Manual ERD-AG-003 1999; default value of 1 is used for constituents for which a BAF could not be found.
z Bechtel Jacobs Company 1998b, Table 2, median BAFs for sediment to benthic invertebrates for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pit, and Zn; Sample at al. 1998b (earthworms) for Min; default value of 1 is used for constituents for which a BAF could not be found.
z Dry weight for plants assumed to be 15% of wet weight, based on USPEA, 1993 (Table 4-2).
4 Dry weight for invertebrates assumed to be 22% of wet weight, based on USEPA, 1993 (Table 4-1)
s Dry weight for sediment/soil assumed to be 55% of total weight based on average percent solids of samples used in this exposure area.
Bioavailability is set to a default of 100% to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors.

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-26
CALCULATION OF AVERAGE DAILY DOSES FOR GREAT BLUE HERON
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 4
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
AVERAGE DAILY DOSE VIA:
EPC„,
EPCs
EPCfilh
EPC;
BF
ADD,
SUF
AUF
ADD,.,
WATER
FISH
INVERTEBRATES
SOIL
NIR,„
ADD,,,
Af
NIRf
NIR.
ADD.
At
NIRa
ADD.
Sf
NIRs
ADDS
Slope, or
Water
Food
Fish
Invertebrate
Unadjusted
Area Use
Adjusted Total
Analyte
Fish Uptake
Invertebrate
Intercept
P
COPC in
COPC in
(BCF)
Estimated
Uptake
Estimated
Ingestion
Unadjusted
Fraction
Ingestion
Ingestion
Unadjusted
Fraction Diet
s Ingestion
Average Daily
Fraction Diet
Soil Ingestion
Unadjusted
Piscivore
Seasonal
Factor
Piscivore
Water
Solid
Concentratio
(BAF)
Concentration in
Rate
Average Daily
Diet Animal
Rate, Wet
Rate, Dry a
Average Daily
Invertebrates
4
Rate, Dry
Dose
Soil
6
Rate, Dry
Average Daily
6
Bioavailability
Intake
Use Factor
(Exposure
Average Daily
(mg/L)
(mg/kg)
n in Fish'
Invertebrates,
(L/kg
Dose Water
Matter
(kg/kg
(kg/kg
Dose, Dry
(percent)
(kg/kg
Invertebrates,
(percent)
(kg/kg
Dose Soil, Dry
(percent)
(mg/kg/day)
(unitless)
Area/
Dose
(mg/kg)
(mg/kg)
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(percent)
BW/daY)
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
BW/day)
Dry
BW/daY)
(mg/kg/day)
Home
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
Range)
Aluminum
j 0.299
40,000
0.1
0.03
1
40,000
0.045
0.013
11
0.18
0.045
0.001
0%
0.000
0
2.8%
0.0028
111
100%
111
1
0.005
0.5
Barium
0.014
160
4
0.1
1
160
0.045
0.001
100%
0.18
0.045
0.003
0%
0.000
0
2.8%
0.0028
0.4
100%
0
1
0.005
0.002
Man anese
0.031
780
400
13
0.682
-0.809
42
0.045
0.001
11
0.18
0.045
1
0%
0.000
0.0
2.8%
0.0028
2
100%
3
1
0.005
0.012
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Notes:
ADD - Average Daily Dose
EPC - Exposure Point Concentration
AUF - Area Use Factor
mg/L - milligrams per liter
BAF - Bioaccumulation Factor
mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
BCF - Bioconcentration Factor
kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day
BF - Bioavailability Factor
L/kg BW/day - Liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day
COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern
NIR - Normalized Ingestion Rate
' Al (Voigt et al. 2015), mean of fish tissue BAFf; Cu (USEPA 1980); Environmental Restoration Division - Manual ERD-AG-003 1999.
' Bechtel Jacobs Company 1998b, Table 2, median BAFs for sediment to benthic invertebrates for As, Cd, Cr, Co, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn; Sample et al. 1998b (earthworms) for Mn; default value of 1 is used for constituents for which a BAF could not be found.
' Dry weight for fish assumed to be 25% of wet weight, based on USEPA, 1993 (Table 4-1)
4 Dry weight for Invertebrates assumed to be 22% of wet weight, based on USEPA, 1993 (Table 4-1)
s Dry weight for sediment/soil assumed to be 55% of total weight based on average percent soilds of samples used in this exposure area.
Bloavailabllity Is set to a default of 100% to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors.

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-27
CALCULATION OF AVERAGE DAILY DOSES FOR KILLDEER
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 4
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
AVERAGE DAILY DOSE VIA:
EPC„,
EPCs
EPC;
BF
ADDt
SUF
AUF
ADDtot
WATER
INVERTEBRATES
SOIL
NIRw
ADD,
NIRf
Af
NIRa
ADDa
St
NIRs
ADDS
Slope, or
Analyte
Invertebrate
Uptake
Intercept
Estimated
Unadjusted
Food Ingestion
Invertebrates
Unad I usted
Soil Ingestion
Unadjusted
Area Use Factor
Adjusted Total
I
COPEC in
COPEC in
(BAF)
Concentration in
Water Ingestion
Average Daily
Rate, Wet
Fraction Diet
Ingestion Rate,
Average Daily
Fraction Diet
Rate, Dry ;
Average Daily
Bioavailability 4
Insectivore
Seasonal
(Exposure
Insectivore
Water
Solid
Invertebrates 1
Rate (L/kg
Dose Water
(kg/kg
Invertebrates
a
Dry (kg/kg
Dose
Soil
(kg/kg
Dose Soil, Dry
(percent)
Intake
Use Factor
Area/Home
Average Daily
(mg/L)
(mg/kg)
(m g/kg)
BW/day)
(mg/kg/da y)
BW/day)
(percent)
BW/day)
Invertebrates, Dry
(percent)
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(unitless)
Range)
Dose
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
Aluminum
0.299
40,000
1
40,000
0.141
0.04
0.464
81%
0.083
3,309
19%
0.05
1,940
100%
5,249
1
0.6
2,974
Barium
0.014
160
1
160
0.141
0.002
0.464
81%
0.083
13
19%
0.05
8
100%
21
1
0.6
11.9
Manganese
0.031
780
0.682
-0.809
41.8
0.141
0.004
0.464
81%
0.083
3
19%
0.05
38
100%
41
1
0.6
23.4
Notes:
ADD - Average Daily Dose
mg/L - milligrams per liter
AUF - Area Use Factor
kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day
BAF - Bioaccumulation Factor
L/kg BW/day - Liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day
BCF - Bioconcentration Factor
NIR - Normalized Ingestion Rate
BF - Bioavailability Factor
SUF - Seasonal Use Factor
EPC - Exposure Point Concentration
mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
' Bechtel Jacobs Company 1998b, Table 2, median BAFs for sediment to benthic invertebrates for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Fib, and Zn; Sample et al. 19981d (earthworms) for Mn; default value of 1 is used for constituents for which a BAF could not be found.
' Dry weight for invertebrates assumed to be 22 % of wet weight, based on USEPA, 1993 (Table 4-1)
' Dry weight for sediment/soil assumed to be 55 % of total weight based on average percent soilds of samples used in this exposure area.
° Bioavailability is set to a default of 100% to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors.
i�L'I

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-28
CALCULATION OF AVERAGE DAILY DOSES FOR MUSKRAT
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 4
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
AVERAGE DAILY DOSE VIA:
EPC-
EPCs
EPC,
BF
ADDt
SUF
AUF
ADDtot
WATER
PLANTS / VEGETATION
SOIL
NIRw
ADDw
Pf
NIRf
NIR
ADD
Sf
NIRs
ADDS
Slope, or
COPC in
Water
COPC in
(mg/ Solid
Estimated
Concentration in
Vegetation)
(mg/kg)
Water
Ingestion
Rate
BW da
Unadjusted
Average Daily
Dose Water
(mg/kg/day)
Fraction Diet
Plant t) Matter
(peBW
Food
Ingestion
Rate, /Wget
da
Plant
Ingestion
Rate, Dry2
(kg/kg/day)
Unadjusted
Average Daily
Dose Plant, Dry
(mg/kg/day)
Fraction Diet
Soil (percent)
Soil
Ingestion
RateDr s
BW da
Unadjusted
Average Daily
Dose Soil, Dry
(mg/kg/day)
4
Bioavailability
(percent)
Herbivore
(mg/ Intake
kday)
Seasonal
(se Factor
Area Use
Factor
Area/Home
Range)
Adjusted Total
Herbivore
AverageDose Daily
m k da
Analyte
Plant Uptake
(BAF)
Intercept
Aluminum
0.299
40,000
0.0008
32
0.975
0.29
1000/o
0.3
0.045
11.4
20%
0.0033
17
1000/o
18.89
1
1
18.89
Barium
0.014
160
0.03
4.8
0.975
0.01
100%
0.3
0.045
1 0.2
2%
0.0033
0.069
100%
0.30
1
1
0.30
Manganese
0.031
780
1 0.050
1
39
L.975___L
0.03
100%
0.3
0.045
1 1.8
2%
0.0033
0.33
1000/0
2.12
1
1
2.12
Notes:
ADD - Average Daily Dose EPC - Exposure Point Concentration
AUF - Area Use Factor mg/L - milligrams per liter
BAF - Bioaccumulation Factor mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
BCF - Bioconcentration Factor kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day
BF - Bioavailability Factor L/kg BW/day - Liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day
COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern NIR - Normalized Ingestion Rate
' Bechtel Jacobs Company 1998a; Baes et al. 1984 (Mo); Environmental Restoration Division - Manual ERD-AG-003 1999; default value of 1 is used for constituents for which a BAF could not be found.
2 Dry weight for plants assumed to be 15% of wet weight, based on USPEA, 1993 (Table 4-2).
3 Dry weight for sediment/soil assumed to be 55% of total weight based on average percent soilds of samples used in this exposure area.
° Bioavailability is set to a default of 100% to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors.
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-29
CALCULATION OF AVERAGE DAILY DOSES FOR RIVER OTTER
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 4
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
AVERAGE DAILY DOSE VIA:
EPCW
EPCs
EPCf;sh
BF
ADD,
SUF
AUF
ADD,.,
DRINKING WATER
FISH
N I R,,,,
ADD,,,,
Pf
N I Rf
N I R,,
ADD,,
Estimated
Water
Unadjusted
Fraction Diet
Food
Fish
Unadjusted
Area Use
Adjusted Total
Anal to
y
Fish Uptake
BCF
( )
COPC in
COPC in
Concentration
Ingestion
Average Daily
Animal
Ingestion
Ingestion
z
Average Daily
s
Bioavailability
Piscivore
Seasonal
Factor
Piscivore
Water
Solid
1
Rate
Dose Water
Matter
Rate, Wet
Rate, Dry
Dose, Dry
Intake
Use Factor
(Exposure
Average Daily
(mg/L)
(mg/kg)
in Fish
(L/kg
(kg/kg
(kg/kg
(percent)
(mg/kg/day)
(unitless)
Area/Home
Dose
(mg/kg)
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(percent)
BW/day)
BW/day)
(mg/kg/day)
Range)
(mg/kg/day)
Aluminum
0.299
40,000
0.1
0.03
0.081
0.024
90%
0.107256248
0.024
0.001
100%
0.025
1
0.010
0.0002
Barium
0.014
160
4
0.06
0.081
0.001
90%
0.107256248
0.024
0.001
100%
0.002
1
0.010
0.00002
Manganese
0.031
780
400
13
0.081
0.003
90%
0.107256248
0.024
0
100%
0.305
1
0.010
0.00
Notes:
ADD - Average Daily Dose
EPC - Exposure Point Concentration
AUF - Area Use Factor
mg/L - milligrams per liter
BAF - Bioaccumulation Factor
mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram
BCF - Bioconcentration Factor
kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day
BF - Bioavailability Factor
L/kg BW/day - Liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day
COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern
NIR - Normalized Ingestion Rate
1 Al (Voigt et al. 2015), mean offish tissue BAFs; Cu (USEPA 1980); Environmental Restoration Division - Manual ERD-AG-003 1999
Z Dry weight for fish assumed to be 25% of wet weight, based on USEPA, 1993 (Table 4-1)
3 Bioavailability is set to a default of 100% to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors.
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Page 1 of 1

ATTACHMENT 8
TABLE 8-30
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR COPCS - AQUATIC RECEPTORS
ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 4
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, MOORESBORO, NC
Analyte
Wildlife Receptor Hazard Quotient Estimated using the 'No Observed Adverse Effects Level'
Aquatic
Mallard Duck
Great Blue Heron
Killdeer
Muskrat
River Otter
Aluminum
4.36E-02
4.57E-03
2.70E+01
9.79E+00
1.26E-04
Barium
9.46E-04
9.74E-05
5.72E-01
5.76E-03
4.69E-07
Man anese
1.39E-04
6.91E-05
1.31E-01
4.12E-02
5.78E-05
Analyte
Wildlife Receptor Hazard Quotient Estimated using the 'Lowest Observed Adverse Effects
Level'
Aquatic
Mallard Duck
Great Blue Heron
Killdeer
Muskrat
River Otter
Aluminum
4.36E-03
4.57E-04
2.70E+00
9.79E-01
1.26E-05
Barium
4.72E-04
4.86E-05
2.85E-01
3.98E-03
3.24E-07
Man anese
7.14E-05
3.55E-05
6.72E-02
2.99E-02
4.19E-05
Notes•
COPC - constituent of potential concern
NM - not measured
Hazard Quotients greater than or equal to 1 are highlighted in gray and in boldface.
Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES
Page 1 of 1

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station
ATTACHMENT 9
SynTerra
FEDERAL AND STATE LISTED PROTECTED SPECIES

ATTACHMENT 9
TABLE 9-1
FEDERAL AND STATE LISTED PROTECTED SPECIES
HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIFFSIDE STEAM STATION
DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, MORRESBORO, CLEVELAND AND RUTHERFORD COUNTIES, NC
Taxonomic Group
Scientific Name
Common Name
NC Status
Federal
Status
Amphibian
Aneides aeneus
Green Salamander
T
ARS
Amphibian
Plethodon yonahlossee pop. 1
Crevice Salamander
SC
none
Bird
Falco peregrinus anatum (syn. Falco peregrinus)
American Peregrine Falcon
E
none
Bird
Haliaeetusleucocephalus
Bald Eagle
T
BGPA
Bird
Setophaga cerulea (syn. Dendroica cerulea)
Cerulean Warbler
SC
FSC
Crustacean
Cambarus spicatus
Broad River Spiny Crayfish
SC
none
Gastropod
Triodopsis fulciden
Dwarf Threetooth
SC
none
Lichen
Gymnoderma lineare
Rock Gnome Lichen
E
E
Lichen
Canoparmelia amabilis
Worthy Shield Lichen
none
FSC
Mammal
Myotis sodalis
Indiana Bat
E
E
Mammal
Myotis septentrionalis
Northern Long-eared Bat
T
T
Mammal
Myotis leibii
Eastern Small -footed Bat
SC
ARS
Mammal
Peromyscus polionotus
Oldfield Deermouse
SC
none
Nonvascular Plant
Fissidens appalachensis
Appalachian Pocket Moss
none
ARS
Nonvascular Plant
Cephaloziella obtusilobulata
Roundleaf Liverwort
none
FSC
Reptile
Glyptemys muhlenbergii
Bog Turtle
T
T(S/A)
Reptile
Pituophis melanoleucus melanoleucus
Northern Pinesnake
T
FSC
Reptile
Crotalus horridus
Timber Rattlesnake
SC
none
Reptile
Sistrurus miliarius miliarius
Carolina Pigmy Rattlesnake
SC
none
Vascular Plant
Anemone berlandieri
Southern Anemone
E
none
Vascular Plant
Anemone caroliniana
Prairie Anemone
E
none
Vascular Plant
Celastrus scandens
American Bittersweet
E
none
Vascular Plant
Cirsium carolinianum
Carolina Thistle
E
none
Vascular Plant
Isoetes piedmontana
Piedmont Quillwort
E
none
Vascular Plant
Juglans cinera
Butternut
none
FSC
Vascular Plant
Lilium canadense ssp. editorum
Red Canada Lily
E
none
Vascular Plant
Liparis loeselii
Fen Orchid
E
none
Vascular Plant
Mononeuria uniflora (syn. Minuartia uniflora)
Single -flowered Sandwort
E
none
Vascular Plant
Phacelia maculata
Spotted Phacelia
E
none
Vascular Plant
Quercus prinoides
Dwarf Chinquapin Oak
E
none
Vascular Plant
Sisyrinchium dichotomum
White Irisette
E
E
Vascular Plant
Vandenboschia boschiana (syn. Trichomanes boschianum)
Appalachian Filmy -fern
E
none
Vascular Plant
Cyperus granitophilus
Granite Flatsedge
T
none
Vascular Plant
Euphorbia commutata
Cliff Spurge
T
none
Vascular Plant
Hexastylis naniflora
Dwarf -flowered Heartleaf
T
T
Vascular Plant
Isotria medeoloides
Small Whorled Pogonia
T
T
Vascular Plant
Liatris aspera
Rough Blazing -star
T
none
Vascular Plant
Nabalus albus
Northern Rattlesnake -root
T
none
Vascular Plant
Packera millefolium
Divided -leaf Ragwort
T
FSC
Vascular Plant
Primula meadia
Shooting -star
T
none
Vascular Plant
Pycnanthemum torrei
Torrey's Mountain Mint
none
FSC
Vascular Plant
Solidago simulans
Granite Dome Goldenrod
none
FSC
Vascular Plant
Spiranthes ochroleuca
Yellow Ladies' -tresses
T
none
Vascular Plant
Symphyotrichum concinnum (syn. Symphyotrichum laeve var. concinnum)
Narrow -leaved Smooth Aster
T
none
Vascular Plant
Tradescantia virginiana
Virginia Spiderwort
T
none
Vascular Plant
Tsuga caroliniana
Carolina Hemlock
none
ARS
Vascular Plant
Trillium simile
Sweet White Trillium
T
none
Vascular Plant
Utricularia cornuta
Horned Bladderwort
T
none
Prepared by: ARD Checked by: ALL
Definitions of Federal and NC Status Codes:
E=Endangered
T=Threatened
SC=Species of Special Concern
T (S/A)= Threatened due to similarity of appearance
FSC=Federal Species of Concern
ARS=At Risk Species
BGPA=Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act
References:
USFWS, 2019. Endangered and Threatened Species and Species of Concern by County for North Carolina. Available at: https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/cntylist/nc_counties.html
Natural Heritage Program (NHP). Natural and Cultural Resources, 2019. Available at https://www.ncnhp.org/data/species-community-search
Page 1 of 1

Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
ATTACHMENT 10
DUKE ENERGY ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF
THE ROGERS ENERGY COMPLEX STATION AND
BROAD RIVER

Duke Energy Environmental Assessment of the Rogers Energy
Complex Station and Broad River
Regulatory Requirements
The National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit for the Rogers Energy
Complex (i.e., Cliffside Steam Station) and the Broad River (NPDES No. NC0005088) requires
Duke Energy to conduct quarterly outfall and instream water quality monitoring at 4 locations
including within the Broad River. Trace elements (arsenic, selenium) monitoring in fish muscle
tissue is also conducted annually in accordance with a study plan approved by the North
Carolina Division of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ). The study plan outlines the proposed
methods for sampling, analyzing, and data reporting to fulfill the NPDES permit requirement for
fish tissue monitoring.
Current Broad River Sampling Program
Currently Duke Energy maintains a robust sampling program to assess potential effects of
Rogers Energy Complex's operations on the Broad River. This program includes quarterly
surface water quality measurements and chemistry samples collected at four locations along the
Broad River each year. Additionally, a minimum of 24 (up to 40) fish are collected annually for
tissue analyses. Other evaluations including aquatic wildlife, macroinvertebrate, and fish
community surveys are also conducted periodically.
Water Quality Assessment
Duke Energy has monitored water quality and chemistry in the Broad River since 2010. In all,
roughly 500 monitoring events have been conducted along the river with 7,200 individual test
results. These water quality assessments have shown that the Broad River is safe from coal ash
impacts as summarized below.
Surface water quality concentrations of three specific parameters commonly associated with
coal ash (arsenic, selenium and chromium) are well below the state surface water quality
standards (known as the 2B standards) in the Broad River for all designated uses of the
waterbody, including drinking water supply. Out of 274 samples from the Broad River, only 20%
were greater than lab reporting limits. As a reference, data were also retrieved from the Water
Quality Portal (WQP) which is a cooperative service sponsored by the United States Geological
Survey, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the National Water Quality Monitoring
Council. Data retrieved were limited to WQP river data from Virginia, North Carolina, South
Carolina, and Georgia and included over 5,000 data points for each constituent. Concentrations
of these three constituents in the Broad River are similar to or lower than concentrations
reported throughout the region.
Metal (total)
Average
concentration
Range
Advisory level
Arsenic
1.1
1.0-2.6
10
Selenium
1.0
1.0-1.6
5
Chromium
1.8
1.0-8.4
11
Macroinvertebrate Community
Macroinvertebrates are good indicators of overall environmental health in rivers and streams.
Annual macroinvertebrate surveys occurred in the Broad River from 1990 to 2008. Based on

these sampling events, the health of the Broad River was generally classified as "Good -Fair" or
"Good".
Fish Community Assessment
Fish populations are key indicators of the overall health of aquatic systems because of they are
influenced by exposure to the environment and impacts to other aquatic communities (e.g.,
aquatic vegetation and macroinvertebrates). The Broad River has a diverse and healthy fish
community based on years of data collection. Duke Energy has conducted fish community
assessments in the Broad River since 1989. In that time, 402 samples have been collected
consisting of 54 different species in 9 families totaling over 30,000 individual fish. These fish
have included individuals at multiple trophic levels and different feeding guilds with a
consistently low proportion of pollution -tolerant species. The catch has been dominated by
native species including Redbreast Sunfish and shiners (Whitefin Shiner, Sandbar Shiner, and
Spottail Shiner).
Catch per unit effort (CPUE) is a measure of the relative abundance of a species when
electrofishing. During annual summer surveys in 1989-2007, the CPUE of fish in the Broad
River ranged from 32 to 115 fish (average 74 fish) per 100 m of shoreline sampled. These data,
along with other community metrics such as length frequency analyses and fish condition
indices have shown the Broad River supports abundant, healthy, self-sustaining fish populations
(Duke Energy 2010).
E
0
0
L
a)
n
u_
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Fish Tissue Analyses
As required in the NPDES permit, Duke Energy tests 24-40 fish from different feeding guilds
(open water and bottom feeders) every year for the presence of metals —including arsenic and
selenium —in their muscle tissue. These metals are commonly associated with coal ash and can
have fish and human health impacts. Results are submitted to the NCDEQ during each NPDES
permit renewal.
The results of these analyses have demonstrated that concentrations of these metals in fish
muscle tissue are consistently orders of magnitude below the state's consumption advisory over
the last four years. Average concentrations detected from 95 fish collected from the Broad River
during 2014-2017 were well below the human health advisory levels for arsenic and selenium,
and no individual fish was higher than the advisory level for either element.
Metal
Average
concentration
Range
Advisory level
Arsenic
0.04
0.03-0.14
1.2
Selenium
0.64
0.18-1.45
20

Broad River Overall Health
The Broad River has been monitored by Duke Energy since 1989. Over the years, specific
assessments have been conducted for water quality and chemistry as well as abundance and
species composition of macroinvertebrates, fish, and aquatic wildlife. These assessments have
all demonstrated that the Broad River has been an environmentally healthy and functioning
ecosystem, and ongoing sampling programs have been established to ensure the health of the
system will continue. Furthermore, these data indicate that there have been no significant
effects to the local aquatic systems related to coal ash constituents over the last 30 years.
References
Duke Energy. 2010. Assessment of balanced and indigenous populations in the Broad River
near Cliffside Steam Station. Duke Energy Corporation. Charlotte, NC.