20052146 Ver 5_2001 Anual Report_20090904

Mcmillan, Ian
From: Dorney, John
Sent: Friday, September 04, 2009 3:38 PM
To: Savage, Rick; Baker, Virginia
Cc: Galamb, Eric; Mcmillan, Ian
Subject: FW: GSWSA Carolina Bays Natural Land Treatment Projects
Attachments: Carolina Bays Natural Land Treatment Project 2001 Report.pdf; Carolina Bays Natural Land
Treatment Project 2002 Report.pdf; Carolina Bays Natural Land Treatment Project 2003
Report.pdf
fyi. here are the data from the South CArolina wetlands. we'll discuss these data and your data next week. then we can
have a relatively intelligent recommendation for Eric Galamb and Ian regarding the Seawatch project. thankx
From: Catherine Jones [mailto:[e-mail]]
Sent: Friday, September 04, 2009 2:16 PM
To: Dorney, John
Subject: GSWSA Carolina Bays Natural Land Treatment Projects
John,
11 you have any problems viewing the reports that I sent please call or send me an email.
Thanks
Catherine A Jones
Catherine A. Jones
Grand Strand Water & Sewer Authority
P.O. Box 2368, Conway, SC 29528-2368
Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
1
CAROLINA BAYS NATURAL LAND TREATMENT
PROJECT
2001 REPORT

it
?E g ?y j
A
Prepared by:
GRAND STRAND WATER. AND SEWER. AUTHORITY
PO Box 2368
Conway, SC 29568
March 21, 2002
Cover Photo by
Larry and Terri
Photo taken February 2001
Vereen Plant and Bay 4D
Photo of Burned Bay 4B
John & Terri
November 26, 2001
CAROLINA BAYS NATURAL LAND TREATMENT PROJECT
In order to satisfy the new requirements for the Grand Strand Water and Sewer
Authority's Vereen Wastewater Treatment Facility NPDES permit, this annual report for
the Carolina Bays Natural Land Treatment Project has been developed. The new permit
became effective June 1, 2001 however; the data contained herein will include any
sampling completed since January 2001. The permit also requires comparison to baseline
sampling as well as the percent change for each of the biological criteria. This has been
provided along with annual summaries for all years this project has been in operation.
The year 2001 has proven to be an interesting year in the Carolina Bays Project. For the
past two years discharge has been directed into Bay 4D. Water quality continues to
indicate reasonably good assimilation of wastewater constituents. However ammonia
levels have increased into and out of the bays, requiring an upgrade to the Vereen
Wastewater Treatment Facility, which is currently underway. Vegetation monitoring has
shown that the Carolina Bays are having difficulty adjusting to the discharge. Whether
this is related to the wastewater constituents, increased hydro period or a combination of
both have yet to be determined. The Biological Criteria set up in the original project was
modified in the new Vereen WWTF NPDES permit to allow higher percent of decline for
percent cover, (50%) in Bays 4A, 4B and 4D. However, even these modifications
haven't prevented the exceeding of the criteria in 4B. November 7, 2001 a wild fire
burned through the majority of Bay Q wiping out much of the boardwalks, all the PVC
markers and nearly all the vegetation within the previously established study area. The
only Bay exceeding any of the new Biological Criteria (thresholds) would have been Bay
4B, but since the wild fire burned through the bay, a natural cause, GSWSA would no
longer be in violation of any of the vegetation criteria.
Part I.C.2.b.5 of the Vereen NPDES permit requires that GSWSA follow a rotation
schedule approved by DHEC. GSWSA has submitted a rotation schedule but has not
received approval at this time. Upgrades to the Vereen WWTF will not become effective
until September 1, 2003. Also as stated above, the wild fire eliminated any excursion of
thresholds in Bay 4 B, at this time we have no recommendations to modify the rotation
schedule. It is our intention to continue discharging into Bay 4D until the upgrade is
completed.
WATER QUALITY
Surface Water Quality:
Discharge has occurred in three of the four bays at various times over the fifteen years of
the project. Water quality continues to shows increases of various wastewater
constituents in the outfalls of the bays while discharge is directed into a particular bay.
Depending on a variety of conditions, water quality levels seem variable even after
discharge is removed from any particular bay. For instance, while flows have been out of
Bay 4A for six years the levels have remained elevated in the outfall at Stations A-1 and
A-2, presumably from the influence of discharge into Bay 4-B. When flows were
diverted out of Bay 4D the wastewater constituents began a gradual decrease, but quickly
elevate when flow is returned even for short periods. Data seems to indicate that 4D is
limited in the amount of ammonia removal it can achieve since flows have been
reintroduced. However, the Bay 4D still removed 72% of the ammonia mass discharge
into it. An important function performed by the Bays is the filtering of wastewater
effluent and the buffer they provide to the Intercoastal Water Way (ICW) which itself has
limited assimilative capacity. GSWSA expects the upgrade currently in the works for the
Vereen WWTF will improve wastewater duality in order to prevent further complications
in the Bays and protect the ICW.
culated Hydroneriod:
As required in the NPDES permit Part I C. 2.b.5. the percent of annual period with
surface water at each station, averaged over the entire bay is as follows for each of the
four bays. Bay 4A is50 percent, Bay 4B is 100 percent, Bay 4C is 0 percent and Bay 4D
is 50 percent for the year 2001.
Surface Water Summaries for all four Bays are provided on the following pages:

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Crroundwater Quality,
With the exception of a slight increase in conductivity and chloride all the parameters in
the groundwater monitoring wells for Bays 4A, 4B and 4C have remained close to
background conditions. The same can be said for well 3-S in Bay 4D, over the past 15
years the level in it has remained near background. The other three monitoring wells, one
shallow well within the bay (3-S) and two at the bottom (1-S & 1-D) have seen
significant increases in several parameters. The most notable increased are conductivity,
sodium, chloride, ammonia, TKN and total nitrogen Ntrate-nitrite has remained below
detection throughout the entire project.
Summary tables are provided on the following pages:
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GROUNDWATER QUALITY DATA BAY 44-1)
t

DATE
TEMP
(C) WA
ELEV.
.MIL)
CONDtX-M.
(1.1MHO&'K
pH
(UNITS) --ALKALOO"
(MOIL,,
CaC03
CHLORIDE
G
BCD
TOC
QACJla
N143•N
(M
N03+NO2
(MG44
TBN
QAGA.)
TN
RAGA4
TP
(MOIL)
SODIUM
RAOQ CAL
COLIFORM!
(C11ooMW
1988 18.6 5.83 1722 6.79 5.80 1 0.88 0.02 1.08 1.10 464 8.4 0
Ifte 173 26.18 171.6 5.90 79.20 16.62 1.27 0.29 OM 0.68 0.61 0.45 1111
1990 .4 24. l7. 8.09 84.88 22.43 0.86 0.11 0.02 0.8, 0.84 0.36 33.1 0
1991 17.4 27.30 200.4 6.19 66.25 46.4 0. 0.80 0.83 0.24 12.6 0
1 17 9 27.98 266.8 6.15 62.86 59.31 1. 0.19 0.08 0.25 0.33 1 183
1993 173 28.68 2842 6.04 2, 1.64 0.20 0.06 0.73
- 0.78
- 0.13 241 0
1094 163 26.04 309.2 6.00 68.95 93.54 2.46 0.26 5.55 W BT 4 4 0
1993 1010 5.90 84.50 122.50 2.50 a20 0.05 1.67 1.82 0.12 27,8 0
1998 11.5 26.69 343.0 8.10 28.0 0.30 0.05 .15 8 0
1997 17.7 1 85.0 .40 48.8 0.06 0.99 61.6 0
1998 17.8 23.06 381.0 6.10 11x 0,17 38,8 0
1 --IT 06 74.7 0.10 0.05 0.70 0.70 0.16 96.6 0
2000 18.8 2481 327.5 6.90
81.8
0.14
0.06
•••
--
0
5001 18.4 .1 17.
1
6.00
0
40.20 1
1
O.16
0.06
229
2
0.24
9l.
0

DATE
TEMP
(C) WATER
ELEV.

.4,814
pi
CONDUCTIV.

(iJM
pH

(UNITS) ALKALINITY
(MG/t as

CaCOS)
CHLORIDE

QAGA4
ROD

QAGA4
TOC
NHS•N

(MG44
NOS * N02

RK(G114
TEN

(MGQ
TN

WGA4
TP

RAGA4
SODIUM

w(IQ AL
COIdPORMF

(CI100M1)
1 1 . 2B. 1 496 1.00 26.17 1.28 0.21 0.02 0.88 0.58 0.08 13.0 3
1988 17.9 29.17 260.5 4.87 0.00 $2.11 1.28 0.19 0. 0.71 0.11
1888 183 28.38 482.8 4.62 3.90 166.88 1.14 0.20 0.02 1.27 1.29 0.06 88.4 1
1890 17. 26.84 548.8 5.31 17.78 210.84 2.00 -• .61 2,61 .1 3163 1
1 1 17.9 30.61 610.4 6.63 6894 21483 2.23 0.16 0.02 8.48 6.80 0.67 1 .8 0
OR- 17.6 31.40 4423 8111 $0.8 118.08 6.85 0.14 0.02 2.14 2.18 0.40 106.0 0
1 1 .6 .1 .20 99,93 88.81 5189 0,28 0.07 3.01 8.08 0.40 $1.2 0
1994 1$,8 28.50 306.0 8.28 95. 88.33 3.86 0.26 0.07 3.45 5.80 0.81 98.0 0
1998 16.2 29.65 293.3 6.06 90.80 85 8 5 4.15 4. 1.6 0
1998 1 81.31 245.3 6.97
••
-•-
N•
0.65
0.05
•••
-
0.10
44.E
0
1997 18.8 90.60 256.0 8.20
..
...
1
_
6
44,1
0
1 13.5 28.50 224.0 8100 117.0 0.05 - 0.11 52.3 0
1988 18.4 .10 203. 6.10 •• -• 89.5 1.10 0.05 1.07 1.12 0.05 48.3
2000 1 1

d
80.8
0.84
0.05
0.90
0
2001 19.6 29.30 330.0 5.80 40.80 85.70 2 .4
1
e 9..

DATE
TEMP
(C) WATER
ELEV.
(Irf.MS1a
CONDUCTIV.
NMHO/C K
pH
(1JNITS) ALKALINITY
RAGA.ar
CAC03)
CHLORIDE
04044
BOD
(4GA4
TOO
RAGA.
N00 +N02
RAGA,
TL1N
"GA4
TN
(NGA4
TP
(MGIL4
SODIUM
N04i
COLIFORMF
(CI1004L)
1 7 19.5 38.40 2. 6.05 2493 6.63 0.90 t 0.00 0.67 0.57 0.06 7.2 J
1988 1913 93.65 85.6 5.61 21.64 8.98 0.48 0.02 0.39 0.40 0.15 6.1 13
1989 19.2 32.93 80.5 6.16 18.70 8.86 0.58 0.02 0.33 0.35 0.10 6.0 0
1990 .8 Ol 11.03 .92 1. 0, YS 1
1991 19.2 9447 71.9 6.95 16.63 10.86 0.41 ..09 0.02 0.12 0.16 0.08 8.8 0
1992 18.9 34.77 73.2 6.94 16.83 18.01 0.89 0.05 0.02 0.14 0.17 0.10 5.6 0
1993 18.4 34.21 70.2 6.10 17.17 15.19 0.65 0.08 0.02 0.09 0.22 0.10 6.3 0
1994 1 tl4 86. 18. M55 olf 0. 1 .M 20 0.10 5.6 0
1996 18.0 3414 70.0 6.64 66.00 15.95 0.56 0.13 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.01 6.1 0
1986 18.3 3452 71.7 6.67 0.00 .06 0.61 47 0
1997 17.0 8480 740 5.90 2.1 0.05 0.13 42 0
1998 19.1 I 86.0 4.90 2.90 0.05 0.06 0
1999 19.1 93.91 79,0 6.90 450 0.06 0.03 0.10 0.10 0.09 10.2 0
1 S - 2.90
Or 406 ... 0.06 0
2001 18.9 3446 70.0 6.80 23.00 8.99 1
0.05 0.04 0.33 0.39 0.01 0..9 0
dl 5•S

DATE
TEMP WATER
ELEV.
MSl
CONDUCTIV.
HO/C
pH
MMS) AIXALINITY
(MOILar
CaCOJ
CHLORIDE
04
BOD
TOC
QAG/L
NH3•N
(MOIL)
NOO+N02
04GIP
TRN
RAGA4
TN
(NGIL)
TP
(MGA4
SODIUM
(MGA4 FECAL
OOLIPORMB
11
1 1 1 4.83 $9.50 0.1 Y 0.1 213 1.15 ] .S
1988 1&S 38.65 841.3 6.03 140.38 100.1 4.02 0. DY
1989
1990 17.8
1&Y 32.39 985.1
l 8.18 287.40
1.1 208.28
1. 3.25 1.17
! 0.00
0.04 2.89
581 2.91
b95 0.38
0.91 11&1
--2U.-5 1
49
MI 18.2 9402 1246.3 6.73 450.00 380.39 8.95 426 0.06 6.84 8.70 1.12 331.3 0
1982 I7.8 -T4-bg 1158.3 .45 352,33 1 .al 33 0.08 2.76 2.87 466 Y A 4
1988
1994 17.0
11.3 93.64 1062.5
11. B.80
6.80 342,25
32&84 256.00
190.92 1.61
464 2.08
1830 0.05
0.05 3.08
1238 3.06
1298 0.43
0.01 208.3
212.8 18
4
1995 16.2 5287 623.3 6.37 19450 16200 3.76 •• 1.32 0.05 &ao 5.86 0.01 162.5 4
1980 1 8432 815.0 6.60 -•• •-• . . 2.17 0.05 0.01 127.0 0
1997 16.4 1 5. .-- ... 84 ... 0.05 .. 0.24 144 0
1988 19.0 51.20 898.0 6.90 85,80 0,08
.1
1 .0
1898 1 8. - 68.10 1.10 0.05 1.40 1.44 0.18 88.0 0
2000 14.7 34.10 6940 8.40 66,90 1.11 0.05 .1 0
2001 17.0 5416 576.0 6.40 189.00 68.20 2.27 0.05 3.12 3.12 9.20 79.7 0
BIOLOGICAL CRITERIA
Specific biological criteria were developed to provide an index for evaluating impacts on
the vegetative communities in the Carolina Bays. The criteria include limits of decline in
canopy basal area and density, subcanopy and shrub percent cover, and total plant
diversity. Bay 4D, the most culturally impacted bay, has long-term goal of 50%. Bay 4A
and 4B are 15% long term for all criteria except for percent cover, which is 50%. Bay
4C, the most pristine bay, has 0% change.
Based on the current Biological Criteria, Bay 4A is not exceeding any vegetative
thresholds. During 2001 Bay 4B experienced a wild fire that burned nearly all the study
area, and the majority of the bay itself. This natural event prevents relevant evaluation of
percent change in any of the vegetative thresholds. Bay 4C, which has a threshold of a
zero percent decline, has never received any effluent, yet due to seasonal conditions, has
demonstrated that some variations are to be expected. Bay 4D has remained well above
the threshold limits for three of the four vegetative criteria. Percent cover came close to
the set threshold in 1994 and has slowly recovered over the last seven years.
Summary tables and graphs are provided on the following pages.
m a ?.ato m? aim ? m n i0
' I$
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Canopy Density BioCriteria for Bay 4-A

100
80
60
as
a:
40
20
0
Canopy Dominance BioCriteria for Bay 4-A
3
2
T
a
1
0
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
c?
0

134
120
110
100
I P"
90
80
70
60
5o
40
30
20`
10
0
1991 Baseline -1993 1995 .1997 1999 2001
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000
Species Diversity BioCriteria for Bay 4-A
30
25
I
20 _
15
a?
10 Red Line 1596 decline
5
0
1991 Baseline 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001
1992 1994 19% 1998 2000
Percent Cover BioCriteria for =Bay4-A

E ro ! b
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to

a ' o t c? w ?. ? $3 C sT

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Canopy Density BioCriteria for Bay 4-B
300
250
200
150
m
H
100
50
0
Canopy Dominance BioCriteria for Bay 4-B
7.5 _
7 PEER
6.5
6
5.5
5
4.5
4 -
3.5
3
Red Line 15°6 deafine
2.5,1111
2 Bumed 11-2001
1,5
1
0.5
0
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Percent Cover BioCriteria for Bay 4-B

8
30
4*
20
U
m
Q.
N 10
0
1991 Baseline 1993 1995 1997
1992 1994 1996
1999 2001
1998 2000
1999 2001
1998 2000
Species Diversity BioCriteria for Bay 4-B

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Canopy Density BioCriteria for Bay 4-C
100 __
80
Q 60
a?
40
20
0
3
2
a
1
0
i Canopy Dominance BioCriteria for Bay 4-C
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
140
120
100
80
8
a? 60
40
O
0
1991 Baseline 1993 1995 1997
1992 1994 1996
1999 2001
1998 2000
Species Diversity BioCriteria for Bay 4-C
20 _

15
'° 10
a>
N
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0 5
0
1991 Baseline 1993 1995 1997
1992 1994 1996
1999 2001
1998 2000
Percent Cover BioCriteria for Bay 4-C.
v? s s
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00
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900
800
700
5 r 600
500
400
300
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100 INK
0
1986 baseline 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000
1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001
Canopy Dominance?BioCriteria for Bay 4D
20 -
15
10
N
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5
0
1986 baseline 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000
1987 1969 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001
[Canopy Density BioCriteria for Bay 4D1
Percent Cover BloCriteria for Bay 4- ]
120
100
80 .. _._ ._.._ w.
60
$
40
Red Line 50% decline
20
i
0
1886 1887 1488 1869 1890 1881 i892 1993 1994 1896 1996 1997 1888 1889 2000 2001
Species Diversity for Bay 4-D
I -J
320
E
100
e0
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60
a?
U
dl
Q
W) 40
20
0
law Baseline 1988 1990 1992 1444 1896 1948 2000
1987 1489 1901 1998 19x5 1997 1999 2001