1107_BuncombeCo_CDLF_Ph5BCQAReport_DIN28243_20170717

Environmental Infrastructure Consulting, PLLC
3294 Lantern Coach Lane
Roswell, GA 30075
Tel: [phone]

July 17, 2017

Mr. Allen Gaither, P.E.
Environmental Engineer
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Waste Management
Solid Waste Section, Permitting Branch
Asheville Regional Office
2090 U.S. Highway 70
Swannanoa, North Carolina 28778-8211

Subject: Buncombe County, North Carolina
Buncombe County Subtitle D Landfill (Landfill II)
Permit to Construct 1107-CDLF-1998 C&D Landfill Unit Phase 5B Expansion
Re: Document ID 27690
CQA Report

Dear Mr. Gaither:

The intent of this letter report is to obtain a Permit to Operate/authorization to begin disposal operations,
in Phase 5B of the Buncombe County C&D Landfill. Authorization to install a suitable soil base in Phase 5B
was issued in your letter of May 15, 2017 (DIN 27690). This CQA report responds to the information that
you outline in this letter that must be included in this CQA report and follows a similar approach to the CQA
report submitted for Phase 5A (December 13, 2016).

First, your letter of May 15, 2017, states that the soil base installation must be installed, tested, and
documented in accordance with the plans included in DIN 27689, DIN 24948 (pp. 529-541), and DIN
27727. As you know, a “pre-construction” meeting was held at Buncombe County Landfill on May 15,
2017, to discuss the pre-operative activities associated with Phase 5B in general and the installation of the
soil base specifically. This meeting was attended by you and Kris Riddle of NC DEQ as well as
representatives from EIC, BLE (geotechnical engineer and construction observation representatives), McGill
Associates (design engineer), and County staff. Regarding the soil base installation, the results of the
geotechnical report were discussed followed by the recommended approach to installing the soil base and
BLE’s approach to providing the CQA services that achieve the results desired in the geotechnical report.
BLE’s CQA report (attached) documents the construction quality assurance activities that took place during
the installation of the soil base. BLE finds that the soil and the construction methods used to place the soil
meet the requirements of the North Carolina Solid Waste Management Rules as well as the pertinent
requirements included in DIN 27689 (Permit Modification application), DIN 24948 (CQA Plan), and DIN
27727 (modifications to the CQA Plan), and that the soil base was constructed in accordance with
approved plans, your authorization to construct, and the CQA plan.

Mr. Allen Gaither, P.E.
July 17, 2017
Page

Providing Solid Waste and Energy Solutions to Local Government
3294 Lantern Coach Lane Roswell, GA 30075 | [phone]
Printed on Recycled Paper
2

In the CQA Report for Phase 5A, a demonstration was provided reporting on the five conditions (a through
e) presented on Page 13 of 23 in the Permit to Construct/Operate issued for the C&D Landfill Unit Phase 5
Expansion that must be met prior to operation. Compliance with these conditions is presented below for
Phase 5B:

a. the intent of this letter is to obtain a Permit to Operate the Phase 5 expansion area (Phase 5B) in
accordance with 15A NCAC 13B .0201(d). The 20 conditions of the Permit to Construct are
addressed as follows:

1. Construction of the Phase 5B expansion soil base commenced shortly after the May 15,
2017 approval letter was issued in compliance with this condition.
2. Construction of the Phase 5B expansion is very small (0.2 acres). Placement of the soil
base was observed by Bunnell-Lammons Engineering, Inc. (BLE) personnel on several
occasions. Their observations are embodied in the geotechnical CQA report that is
attached. The certification that the landfill was constructed in accordance with the
approved permitting documents is made by the signatory of this letter in reliance upon
the documentation provided in the BLE report and as-built surveys reviewed by the
design engineer McGill Associates (also attached).
3. A pre-construction meeting was held at the landfill on May 15, 2017, the appropriate
notification to the Solid Waste Section was made, and Solid Waste Section staff attended
the meeting.
4. No revisions to the approved plans were made during construction.
5. No new groundwater monitoring wells were required.
6. Two borings were advanced in Phase 5B by BLE during the geotechnical report phase of
the project. BLE reports that the borings were properly abandoned prior to the
commencement of soil base installation.
7. Same answer as for #6 above.
8. No landfill liner was required to be placed therefore there was no inspection for pertinent
geologic features.
9. N/A
10. N/A
11. N/A
12. N/A
13. N/A
14. No new sedimentation and erosion control devices were required by the approved plans.
Construction occurred and operations will occur under existing permits.
15. All construction activities were conducted in accordance with 15 NCAC 4 and the overall
erosion control plan/permit for the site according to the contractor (Buncombe County).
16. There were no discharges during construction according to the “contractor” who in this
case was the County landfill staff.

Mr. Allen Gaither, P.E.
July 17, 2017
Page

Providing Solid Waste and Energy Solutions to Local Government
3294 Lantern Coach Lane Roswell, GA 30075 | [phone]
Printed on Recycled Paper
3
17. No modifications were required to the approved sedimentation and control plans for the
facility.
18. Construction was limited to the Phase 5B expansion area.
19. No land-clearing debris was generated as part of this project.
20. This letter: (1) requests that a Permit to Operate/authorization to commence disposal
operations be issued in accordance with 15A NCAC 13B .0201(d); (2) presents, below, a
discussion of the CQA documentation required as well as an acknowledgement by the
design engineer (McGill Associates) that the landfill expansion was built in accordance
with the approved plans; (3) certifies that the required edge-of-waste markers have been
installed; and, (4) states that an updated Financial Assurance instrument is not
necessary since the requested changes will not impact closure or post-closure costs.
Once the Permitting Branch signals that issuance of a Permit to Operate/authorize to
commence disposal operations is imminent, the County will contact the appropriate
regional environmental specialist to determine if a pre-operative meeting is desired.

b. CQA documentation is presented by section number in the approved CQA plan as transmitted and
modified in DN 27727.

4.1 In their geotechnical CQA report, BLE inspected the subgrade prior to soil base
placement and requested that some unsuitable areas be removed and replaced with soil
base material. BLE observed that the top of the installed soil base is adequately free of
organic material and that the soil base materials used were classified as either SC, SM,
CL, ML, MH, or CH according to the Unified Soil Classification System and in compliance
Rule .0540(2)(b) and the CQA plan.

4.2 In their geotechnical CQA report, BLE reports that:

• the soil base was installed and compacted to at least 95.0 percent of maximum
density as determined by ASTM D698;
• the soil base was not smooth rolled, rather it was left in a roughened state;
• noted that there was no bedrock or other unpredicted subsurface conditions
observed in the final constructed state of Phase 5B; and,
• noted that the soil base was properly prepared.

4.3.1A The BLE report presents the results of all soil tests conducted during the soil base
placement. The number of tests performed meets the requirements of the CQA plan
Section 4.3.1. The number of required compaction tests was modified in the transmittal
letter for the CQA plan increasing the frequency to 4 test/lift/10,000 SF due to the small
size of Phase 5B. The geotechnical CQA report presents the results of the higher
frequency compaction tests as well. All tests passed.

Mr. Allen Gaither, P.E.
July 17, 2017
Page

Providing Solid Waste and Energy Solutions to Local Government
3294 Lantern Coach Lane Roswell, GA 30075 | [phone]
Printed on Recycled Paper
4
4.3.1B A representative from the design engineer, McGill Associates, inspected the subgrade
after the soil base was placed as well as the as-built subgrade elevation survey prepared
by the County’s surveyor Ed Holmes & Associates. The survey is signed and sealed by
the design engineer and a licensed surveyor in North Carolina. Both have been approved
as noted in the attached letter from McGill & Associates certifying that Phase 5B has
been constructed in accordance with their permit application.

4.3.1C An as-built survey, prepared by Ed Holmes & Associates, Land Surveyors PA, is attached.
The survey shows the Phase 5B as-built configuration and final elevations of the soil
base. The as-built survey was certified by licensed North Carolina surveyor as required.
The subgrade elevation contours were prepared based on a survey of grid points spaced
not further than 50 feet apart as required by the CQA plan. Because of the small area of
Phase 5B, depth checks were made by the CQA firm (BLE) to certify that the soil base
was installed to a minimum two foot thickness. The depth checks were performed on a
25-foot grid and the results are presented in the accompanying BLE geotechnical report.

c. As stated previously, the County will contact Kris Riddle, Environmental Senior Specialist,
to determine if a pre-operative meeting is desired once the permitting branch signals that
issuance of a Permit to Operate/authorization to commence disposal operations is
imminent.

d. The required edge-of-waste stakes have been installed and are shown on the as-built
survey attached to this letter.

e. Because the Phase 5B area is located within the previously-permitted footprint of the
C&D landfill and the permit modification drawings represent little to no modification of the
previously permitted drawings (as far as final configuration requiring closure and post-
closure care), it was determined that there would be no material changes to the revised
closure and post-closure cost estimates for the CDLF that were developed as part of and
included in the Phase 5A CQA report.

This letter is intended to: (1) serve as the Construction Quality Assurance Certification Report required by
Rules .0540 and .0541; (2) address the items identified in Sections 4 and 5 of the approved CQA plan (as
modified in the transmittal letter DIN 27727); and, (3) address items 1-20 in Permit to Construct for Phase
5A. This letter summarizes the quality assurance services that were performed, contains field inspection
report(s), discusses CQC and CQA testing, presents a record drawing/certified survey, and includes color
photographs of the completed construction. There were no failed tests. The certification addresses
compliance with the conditions of the Permit to Construct discussed above, assumes that, if the Section
agrees that the conditions of the CQA plan and Permit to Construct have been met then construction has
been conducted in conformance with Rules .0540 and .0541 since the permit application was approved
and set the conditions for the Permit to Construct, and believes that construction was conducted in

Mr. Allen Gaither, P.E.
July 17, 2017
Page

Providing Solid Waste and Energy Solutions to Local Government
3294 Lantern Coach Lane Roswell, GA 30075 | [phone]
Printed on Recycled Paper
5
accordance with good engineering practices. Based on the observations and tests conducted by BLE
(geotechnical and field inspection firm) and McGill Associates (design/permitting engineer) incorporated
into their certification documents that state that the Phase 5B expansion was constructed in conformance
with their approved documents, I am providing my certification, as required, that the Phase 5B expansion
was constructed in general conformance with the intent of the approved plans and permit, and the letter of
approval dated May 15, 2017.

During your review, if you have any questions or comments, or need any additional information please do
not hesitate to contact me at [e-mail] or 678-492-1720.

Very truly yours,

ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE CONSULTING, PLLC

Joseph F. Wiseman, Jr., P.E., BCEE
President

Attachments

cc: S. Hunter, BCSWD
K. Smith, BCSWD

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BUNCOMBE COUNTY LANDFILL
BUNCOMBE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
BUNCOMBE COUNTY
CDLF PHASE 5B EXPANSIONDP
16.00714
APRIL 2017
DPCDLF PHASE 5B
EXPANSION AREA
POTENTIAL CAP GRADES
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I:\Drawings\2017\17.00702 - Bunc Co CDLF Ph 5 - Environmental\Design\Solid Waste\Drawings\Ph 5B CDLF RD 7-5-17.dwg 7/5/2017 2:15 PM DAVE PASKO
FILE NAME: Ph 5B CDLF RD 7-5-17.dwg
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WASTE LIMITS DENOTED AS "CDLF PHASE 5" IN 2009 PERMIT DWGS
APPROXIMATE LIMITS OF WASTE FILL AT TIME OF 2017 SURVEY
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BUNNELL-LAMMONS ENGINEERING, INC.
GEOTECHNICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL AND CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS CONSULTANTS

6004 PONDERS COURT PHONE [phone]
GREENVILLE, SOUTH CAROLINA 29615 FAX [phone]

July 10, 2017

Environmental Infrastructure Consulting, PLLC
3294 Lantern Coach Lane
Roswell, GA 30075

Attention: Mr. Joseph F. Wiseman Jr., P.E.

Subject: Report of Geologic Observation of the Phase 5B Expansion Area
Buncombe County C&D Landfill – Permit #11-07
Alexander, North Carolina
BLE Project Number J17-9378-09

Dear Mr. Wiseman:

As authorized, Bunnell-Lammons Engineering, Inc. (BLE) performed field geologic observation of
the Phase 5B expansion area subgrade at the subject site. The purpose of this work was to observe
and document the location, trend, and characteristics of pertinent geologic features within the
footprint of the Phase 5B expansion area. This project was required by the North Carolina
Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ), as specified in the Solid Waste Section Rules 15A
NCAC 13B .0540 (5). The enclosed report describes the work performed and presents the results
obtained.

We appreciate the opportunity to serve as your geological and construction quality assurance (CQA)
consultant on this project. If you have any questions, please contact us at [phone].

Sincerely,
BUNNELL-LAMMONS ENGINEERING, INC.

Benjamin P. Nisbeth, P.G. Andrew W. Alexander, P.G., RSM
Staff Geologist Senior Hydrogeologist
Licensed, North Carolina #2134 Licensed, North Carolina #1475

INC Buncombe County Landfill – Buncombe Co., NC July 10, 2017
Report of Geologic Observation of Phase 5B BLE Project Number J17-9378-09

1

PROJECT INFORMATION

The subject 557-acre landfill site is located in Buncombe County, North Carolina, approximately
nine miles north of the city of Asheville with a physical address of 81 Panther Branch Road in
Alexander, North Carolina (Figure 1). Buncombe County owns and operates a Subtitle D municipal
solid waste (MSW) landfill which includes Cell 1 through Cell 6 and a C&D landfill consisting of
Phase 1 through Phase 5. The Phase 5B expansion area is approximately 0.20 acres and is located
on the northwest perimeter of the existing Phase 5 waste unit (Sheet C-101).

FIELD OBSERVATIONS & SITE GEOLOGY

Our Mr. Benjamin Nisbeth, P.G. visited the site on February 28, 2017 to observe the Phase 5B
expansion area. The area had been excavated and the subgrade had been exposed at the time of our
arrival. No fill had been placed and the exposed subgrade appeared to be natural ground. Mr. Nisbeth
prepared a Subgrade Inspection Sketch (Appendix A) to document his observations. The site sketch
includes dimensions of the expansion footprint measured via measuring wheel, annotations showing
locations of photographs, and locations of rock fracture orientations measured via Brunton compass.
Photographs are included in Appendix B. Photographs 1 through 4 show views of the expansion
area in either cardinal or ordinal directions.

The Phase 5B expansion area subgrade was observed to consist mostly of partially weathered rock
(PWR) and soils that varied in color from light brown to dark brown to gray, slightly micaceous,
silty, fine to coarse sand and gravel with boulders. Photographs 5, 6, and 7 (Appendix B) illustrate
typical materials observed. Based on visual observations, these materials will likely classify as a
poorly graded gravel (GP) per the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS).

Rock fractures were observed and recorded on the site sketch along the near vertical cut face located
on the southeast boundary of the expansion area. The fractures were designated A through D and
their orientations were measured and recorded via Brunton compass (Appendix A). The observed
fractures had a general north-east strike with a steep eastward dip. Photograph 8 shows Fracture D
(Appendix B).

The geologic materials observed and the structural orientation of the rock fractures in the Phase 5B
expansion area are consistent with those described in the design hydrogeologic investigation and
documented in the report titled Buncombe County Solid Waste Management Facility -- C&D
Landfill Substantial Amendment and Phase 5 Permit to Construct Application -- Volume 2 of 2
dated April 2009 by CDM, Inc.

INC Buncombe County Landfill – Buncombe Co., NC July 10, 2017
Report of Geologic Observation of Phase 5B BLE Project Number J17-9378-09

2

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

The geologic materials and structural orientation of rock fractures in the Phase 5B expansion area are
consistent with those documented in prior investigations of the permitted Phase 5 area. Those geologic
observations do not preclude construction of the Phase 5B waste unit nor should they require
modifications to the existing water quality monitoring plan. However, it appears that the subgrade
exposed during our inspection on February 28, 2017 consists of materials which likely classify as GP.
Solid Waste Rule 15A NCAC 13B.0540 (2) Vertical Separation Requirements, requires that the upper
two feet of separation between the C&D waste and the subgrade must consist of materials classified as
SC, SM, ML, CL, MH, or CH soils. Therefore, materials which meet the classification requirements of
the rules must be located and placed in accordance with the facility CQA plan.
.

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BUNCOMBE COUNTY LANDFILL
BUNCOMBE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
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CDLF PHASE 5B EXPANSIONDP
16.00714
APRIL 2017
DPCDLF PHASE 5B
EXPANSION AREA
AS-BUILT PLAN
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G
B
y

_
_
_
_
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s

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F

P
E
R
M
I
T

L
I
M
I
T
S
,

P
H
A
S
E

1
/
2

APPENDIX A

Site Inspection Sketch

APPENDIX B

Photographs
Report of Geologic Observation of Phase 5B July 10, 2017
Appendix B - Photographs BLE Project No. J17-9378-09

Photograph 1: View to the South

Photograph 2: View to the West
Report of Geologic Observation of Phase 5B July 10, 2017
Appendix B - Photographs BLE Project No. J17-9378-09

Photograph 3:View to the Southwest

Photograph 4: View to the East

Report of Geologic Observation of Phase 5B July 10, 2017
Appendix B - Photographs BLE Project No. J17-9378-09

Photograph 5: Boulder at the Base of the Cell (BK-3)

Photograph 6: PWR at Base of Cell (BK-1)

Report of Geologic Observation of Phase 5B July 10, 2017
Appendix B - Photographs BLE Project No. J17-9378-09

Photograph 7: PWR at Base of Cell (BK-2)

Photograph 8: at Fracture D
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
EXISTING MSW
LANDFILL
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
APPROX
LOCATION BLE
BORING 2017,
TYP. OF 2
BORING INFO
FROM CDM 2009
PERMITTING, TYP.
NOTES:
1. SURVEY INFORMATION WITHIN CDLF PERMITTED LIMITS
IS FROM A GROUND TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY CONDUCTED
BY ED HOLMES SURVEYING, MARCH 2017, EXCEPT FOR A
SMALL PORTION NEAR SEDIMENT BASIN 11, WHICH IS
FROM A COMPILATION OF PAST SURVEYS.
2. EXISTING TOPOGRAPHIC INFORMATION OUTSIDE OF CDLF
PERMITTED LIMITS IS A COMPILATION OF PAST SURVEYS.
3. POTENTIAL CAP CONTOURS SHOWN ARE A COMPILATION
OF PERMITTED CAP CONTOURS, BUT ARE ACHIEVED ONLY
IF AIRSPACE IS RECLAIMED ON NW SLOPE OF CDLF,
ABOVE SEDIMENT BASIN 11.
CDLF PH 5B VERTICAL EXPANSION
AREA TO INCLUDE 2' OF SUITABLE
SOILS PLACED OVER EXCAVATED
BASE GRADES, APPROX. 0.2 AC
ORIGINAL
PERMITTED CDLF
WASTE LIMITS
REVISED WASTE LIMITS JUNE 2017
RECORD NOTES:
1. REVISED WASTE LIMITS AND AS-BUILT SUBGRADE ELEVATIONS WITHIN THE
PHASE 5B EXPANSION AREA OBTAINED FROM A SURVEY CONDUCTED
BY ED HOLMES SURVEYING, DATED JUNE 29, 2017. AS-BUILT SUBGRADE
ELEVATIONS ARE SHOWN IN BLUE (MINOR) AND RED (MAJOR).
2. THE PORTION OF THE PERMITTED WASTE LIMITS DESIGNATED AS THE PHASE 1/2 EXPANSION
OBTAINED FROM PERMIT DRAWINGS PREPARED BY CDM, DATED MARCH 2002.
3. WASTE LIMITS DESIGNATED AS PHASE 1-5 OBTAINED FROM CDM REPERMITTING 2009,
EXCEPT AS NOTED.
THIS PORTION OF PHASE 5
REVISED OCTOBER 2016
BU
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N
DP
16
.
0
0
7
1
4
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L

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:

_
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:
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:
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:

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I:
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LEGEND
CDLF PERMIT LIMITS, PHASES 1-5
REVISED WASTE LIMITS, JUNE 2017
PLAN
+0%*(''6)4#2*+%5%#.'



CDLF PH 5 B VERTICAL EXPANSION
AREA TO RECIEVE 2' SUITABLE SOILS
RECORD DRAWING
By __________________________Date________
This Drawing has been modified to reflect
changes made during construction based
upon information provided by the Owner
and Owner's Surveyor.
CDLF PERMIT LIMITS, PHASE 1/2
WA
S
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E

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S
U
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Y
19'
MIN. SEPARATION
WASTE FILL
COMP
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GROUND SURFACE AT
TIME OF 2016 SURVEY
GROUND SURFACE AT
TIME OF MARCH 2017 SURVEY
COMPOSITE SURVEY SURFACE, APPROXIMATE ONLY
WASTE FILL
LOWER LIMITS OF WASTE FILL NOT KNOWN, SHOWN O
N
L
Y

A
P
P
R
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L
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H
E
R
E
CDLF PH 5B VERTICAL EXPANSION AREA,
ADD 2' OF SUITABLE SOILS, PER THE DETAIL
AND THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE APPROVED CQA PLAN
AS
-
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S
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Y
GROUND SURFACE AT
TIME OF JUNE 2017 AS-BUILT SURVEY
BU
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-
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-
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7
.
d
w
g
SCALE
HOR.: 1" = 40'
VER.: 1" = 8'
SHEET
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R
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V
I
E
W
:

_
_
_
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_
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:
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:
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.

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:

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)
N K
N
NO.DATE BY REVISION DESCRIPTION
I:
\
D
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g
s
\
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0
1
7
\
1
7
.
0
0
7
0
2

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-
5
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1
7
.
d
w
g
7/
6
/
2
0
1
7

2
:
5
5

P
M
DA
V
E

P
A
S
K
O
FI
L
E

N
A
M
E
:

UPPER 2 FEET OF SEPARATION MUST CONSIST OF THE FOLOWING SOILS: SC, SM, ML, CL, MH, OR CH
LANDFILL BASE
4'-0" MIN. SEPARATION
PROJECTED SEASONAL HIGH WATER LEVEL
OR BEDROCK LEVEL-VERIFY IN FIELD AT THE TIME OF SUBGRADE PREPARATION
COMPACTED SUBGRADE IN
AREAS THAT REQUIRE FILL
MATERIALS
EXCAVATED SURFACE SHOWN ON SHEET C-101
16
.
0
0
7
1
4
RECORD DRAWING
By __________________________Date________
This Drawing has been modified to reflect
changes made during construction based
upon information provided by the Owner
and Owner's Surveyor.