0603_AveryCountyCDLF_GWMR_DIN28177_20161028

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October 2016 Semi-Annual Groundwater Monitoring Report

Avery County C&D Landfill
Spruce Pine, North Carolina
NC Solid Waste Permit No. 06-03

Prepared for:

Avery County Solid Waste
175 Linville Street
Newland, North Carolina 28657

Prepared by:

November 2016

© 2016 Smith Gardner, Inc.
This document is intended for the sole use of the client for which it was prepared and
for the purpose agreed on by the client and Smith Gardner, Inc.

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Avery County C&D Landfill October 2016 Semi-Annual Report
November 2016 Table of Contents Page i
Avery County C&D Landfill
NC Solid Waste Permit No. 06-03

October 2016 Semi-Annual Groundwater Monitoring Report

Table of Contents
Page

1.0 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 1 
2.0 SITE GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY ....................................................................... 1 
3.0 SAMPLING PROCEDURES ......................................................................................... 2 
4.0 FIELD AND LABORATORY RESULTS .......................................................................... 3 
4.1 Field Measurements ................................................................................................. 3 
4.2 Laboratory Analysis ................................................................................................... 3 
4.3 Laboratory Results .................................................................................................... 3 
4.4 On-Site Potable Well ................................................................................................. 3 
5.0 GROUNDWATER CHARACTERIZATION ...................................................................... 4 
6.0 CONCLUSIONS .......................................................................................................... 4 

FIGURES
Figure 1 Potentiometric Surface Map

TABLES
Table 1 Groundwater Elevation Data
Table 2 Field Parameters
Table 3 Inorganic and Organic Detections
Table 4 Indicator Parameters
Table 5 Groundwater Velocity Calculation

APPENDICES
Appendix A Monitoring Well Information
Appendix B Laboratory Analytical Report

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Avery County C&D Landfill October 2016 Semi-Annual Report
November 2016 Page 1
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Avery County C&D Landfill, currently operating under Solid Waste Permit # 06-03 (C&D) and
15A NCAC 13B.0544, is required to submit semi-annual groundwater monitoring reports. This
report presents the semi-annual sampling results for the event conducted on October 27&28,
2016.

The monitoring network for the C&D landfill includes four groundwater monitoring wells, a
potable well, and two surface water points. This report includes a field parameter summary,
laboratory analyses, a hydrogeologic evaluation, and groundwater velocity calculations.
2.0 SITE GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY
The Avery County C&D Landfill is located in the North Carolina Blue Ridge province, along the
eastern limb of the Blue Ridge anticlinorium. Published geologic mapping1 places the site
approximately twelve miles west of the Brevard Zone (measured perpendicular to strike), which
is the boundary between the Blue Ridge Belt and the Piedmont. Local rock types comprise
medium to high-grade metamorphic species of sedimentary origin, and plutonic rocks of mid
Proterozoic age (>1000 MY) to Devonian age (390 MY). The rocks in the region tend to be highly
jointed, due to the mechanical stresses imposed, with the older rocks typically exhibiting more
complex jointing.

The NC Geologic Map presents Alligator Back amphibolite underlying the higher, northern
portion, surrounded by Alligator Back gneiss, including the lower, southern portion, with
Grenville-age biotite gneiss existing close by to the east and Devonian quartz diorite further
south. The surface topography reflects the underlying geology e.g., the southern, gentler
slopes near Brushy Creek are probably indicative of the more deeply weathered micaceous
gneiss and schist, whereas the steeper northern terrain likely results from the more resistant
amphibolite. Test borings confirmed the gneiss and amphibolite contact.

Hydrogeologic data from site permitting activities (2008-2009) established hydraulic conductivity
for piezometers installed during that investigation. The following table illustrates hydraulic
conductivity values from site piezometers, grouped relative to principal hydrogeologic units
defined on the basis of material density. The field hydraulic conductivity values relative to each
hydrogeologic unit vary as follows:

1 North Carolina Geologic Survey at http://www.geology.enr.state.nc.us

Avery County C&D Landfill October 2016 Semi-Annual Report
November 2016 Page 2

Hydro
Unit
Unit
Description
Conductivity (cm/sec)
Maximum Minimum Average
Conductivity (ft/day)
Maximum Minimum Average
1A Saprolite
<100 bpf
7.67 E-4
PZ-13i
3.42 E-4
PZ-12
4.92 E-4 2.17
PZ-13i
0.968
PZ-12
1.40
1B Saprolite
<100 bpf
1.60 E-3
PZ-9
8.19 E-6
MW-3d
7.24 E-4 4.53
PZ-9
0.002
MW-3d
2.05
2 Bedrock 2.66 E-3
MW-1d
5.64 E-4
B-6
1.61 E-3 7.53
MW-1d
1.60
B-6
4.65

Conductivity data indicates a slight increasing trend with depth, potentially due to higher clay
content in the upper soils, more sand-like conditions and fracturing at depth, as indicated by
low Rock Quality Data (RQD) values gathered during bedrock drilling at the site.
3.0 SAMPLING PROCEDURES
Smith Gardner, Inc. (S+G) personnel performed the sampling event in October 2016 in
accordance with the approved Sampling and Analysis Plan2. Samples were collected from four
groundwater wells (CDMW-1a, CDMW-2s, CDMW-3s and CDMW-4s), a potable well, and two
surface water monitoring locations (SW-1 and SW-2).

Sampling methods followed the protocol outlined in the North Carolina Water Quality
Monitoring Guidance Document for Solid Waste Facilities3. The depth to water in each well was
gauged prior to purging and sampling. Field measurements for pH, specific conductivity,
turbidity and temperature were recorded at each sampling location.

Samples from monitoring wells were collected using new factory sealed teflon bailers. The
samples were placed in laboratory prepared containers for the specified analytical procedures.
Groundwater samples were properly preserved, placed on ice and transported to a NC certified
laboratory facility within the specified hold times for each analysis.

Sampling locations are shown on Figure 1. Water table elevation data is presented in Table 1.
Monitoring well information is provided in Appendix A.

2 Richardson Smith Gardner & Associates, Inc. Water Quality Monitoring Plan Avery County C&D Landfill Ingalls,
North Carolina, February 2009.
3 Solid Waste Section Guidelines for Groundwater, Soil, and Surface Water Sampling, NCDENR, DWM, SWS, Rev. 4-
08.

Avery County C&D Landfill October 2016 Semi-Annual Report
November 2016 Page 3
4.0 FIELD AND LABORATORY RESULTS
4.1 Field Measurements
Following purging, field parameters for temperature, pH, turbidity and specific
conductance were measured. These results are summarized in Table 2. In general
these measurements were consistent with data from previous events.
4.2 Laboratory Analysis
Ground and surface water samples were transported to the Prisim Laboratories, Inc.
facility in Charlotte, NC for metals analysis via EPA Test Method 6020B and organics via
EPA Test Method 8260B; alkalinity, total suspended solids, sulfate and chloride were
analyzed via Solid Waste Section (SWS) approved methods. Samples were transported
under proper chain of custody and analyzed at the specified Division of Waste
Management (DWM) Solid Waste Quantitation Limits (SWSLs)4 for Appendix I and C&D
landfill mandated constituents. The laboratory report is attached as Appendix B.
4.3 Laboratory Results
Chromium was reported at concentrations above the 2L Standard in samples collected
from CDMW-2s and CDMW-3s. Cobalt (CDMW-1a, CDMW-2s, CDMW-3s and CDMW-4s)
and vanadium (CDMW-2s and CDMW-3s) were reported at concentrations above their
GWP Standards in samples collected during this event.

No organic constituents were reported at concentrations above their 2L Standards in the
samples collected this event.

No inorganic or organic constituents were detected in surface water samples above the
2B Standard for Class C Waters.

Detected constituents are presented in Table 3. Groundwater chemistry parameters
are summarized in Table 4.
4.4 On-Site Potable Well
The on-site potable well was not sampled this event. It will be sampled again during the
spring event.

4 New Guidelines for Electronic Submittal of Environmental Monitoring Data Memo, NCDENR – Solid
Waste Section, October 27, 2006

Avery County C&D Landfill October 2016 Semi-Annual Report
November 2016 Page 4
5.0 GROUNDWATER CHARACTERIZATION
A potentiometric surface map was prepared from groundwater data from this sampling event.
The data indicates that groundwater is flowing generally in a southerly direction across the site.
Hydraulic conductivity data is not available for these wells however; an average hydraulic
conductivity and effective porosity from shallow wells across the site were used to evaluate
groundwater velocities. Groundwater velocity ranges from 0.005 ft/day (CDMW-1A) to 0.011
ft/day (CDMW-4S); average groundwater velocity for the site is 0.008 ft/day. The potentiometric
surface map is included as Figure 1.
6.0 CONCLUSIONS
Laboratory results indicate the water quality at the Avery County C&D Landfill is generally
consistent with historically reported results. Chromium was reported at a concentration above
its 2L Standard in the samples collected from CDMW-2s and CDMW-3S this event. The
inorganic constituents cobalt and vanadium were also reported above their GWP Standards in
samples collected from several wells. The next groundwater monitoring event is scheduled for
April 2017. A report summarizing that event will be submitted to NCDEQ with laboratory
analyses.

FIGURE

October 2016 Semi-Annual Groundwater Report
Avery County C&D Landfill
NC Solid Waste Permit No. 06-03

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CDMW-2S
TOC=2869.16
DTW=7.38
GWE=2861.78
CDMW-3S
TOC=2914.76
DTW=9.95
GWE=2904.81
CDMW-1A
TOC=2874.13
DTW=8.67
GWE=2865.46
CDMW-4S
TOC=3035.85
DTW=18.95
GWE=3016.90
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October 2016 Semi-Annual Groundwater Report
Avery County C&D Landfill
NC Solid Waste Permit No. 06-03

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p
o
r
t
s
\
A
v
e
r
y

c
o
u
n
t
y
\
A
v
e
r
y

C
&

D

R
e
p
o
r
t
\
1
9
.

O
c
t
o
b
e
r

2
0
1
6
\
O
c
t
1
6

A
v
e
r
y C
&
D

t
a
b
l
e
s
.
x
l
s
Ta
b
l
e

3
In
o
r
g
a
n
i
c

a
n
d

O
r
g
a
n
i
c

D
e
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
s
Av
e
r
y

C
o
u
n
t
y

C
&
D

L
a
n
d
f
i
l
l
Oc
t
o
b
e
r

2
7

&

2
8
,

2
0
1
6
By: JM Date: 11/16/2016
Co
n
s
t
i
t
u
e
n
t
s

M
D
L

R
L

S
W
S
L
2L

o
r

G
W
P
*

St
a
n
d
a
r
d
s
MC
L

2
B

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d

M
W
-
1

M
W
-
2

M
W
-
3

M
W
-
4

S
W
-
1

S
W
-
2
An
t
i
m
o
n
y

0
.
0
6
9

1

6

1
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6

6
4
0

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0
6
9

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.
1
6

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6
9

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6
9

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6
9

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9
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s
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c

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2
9

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0

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0

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0

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2
9

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1

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2
9

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2
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2
9

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0
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2
9
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r
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u
m

0
.
0
4
1

5

1
0
0

7
0
0

2
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2
0
0
0
0
0
0

4
8

4
9
0

8
0

2
2

6
.
1

1
2
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m

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4
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6
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2

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1
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4

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4

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J

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2

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2

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2
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l
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s
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o
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l

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1

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0
.
3
1

7

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.
3
1

<
0
.
3
1
No
t
e
:
MD
L

-

M
e
t
h
o
d

D
e
t
e
c
t
i
o
n

L
i
m
i
t
RL

-

L
a
b
o
r
a
t
o
r
y

E
s
t
a
b
l
i
s
h
e
d

R
e
p
o
r
t
i
n
g

L
i
m
i
t
SW
S
L

-

S
o
l
i
d

W
a
s
t
e

S
e
c
t
i
o
n

Q
u
a
n
t
i
t
a
t
i
o
n

L
i
m
i
t
2L

-
Gr
o
u
n
d
w
a
t
e
r

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d

(
1
5
A

N
C
A
C

2
L

0
2
0
0
)
GW
P

-

G
r
o
u
n
d
w
a
t
e
r

P
r
o
t
e
c
t
i
o
n

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d

(
n
o
t
e
d

b
y

*
)
MC
L

-
Fe
d
e
r
a
l

M
a
x
i
m
u
m

C
o
n
t
a
m
i
n
a
n
t

L
i
m
i
t
2B
-
NC
A
C

2
B

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d

f
o
r

C
l
a
s
s

C

w
a
t
e
r
s
<
B
R
L

-

N
o
t

d
e
t
e
c
t
e
d

a
t

o
r

a
b
o
v
e

t
h
e

R
L
Bo
l
d
-

L
e
v
e
l
s

a
b
o
v
e

2
L

o
r

2
B

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d

J

-

D
e
f
i
n
e
d

b
y

t
h
e

l
a
b
o
r
a
t
o
r
y

a
s

d
e
t
e
c
t
e
d

b
u
t

b
e
l
o
w

t
h
e

r
e
p
o
r
t
i
n
g

l
i
m
i
t
;

t
h
e
r
e
f
o
r
e
,

t
h
e

r
e
s
u
l
t

i
s

a
n

e
s
t
i
m
a
t
e
d

c
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
**

-

N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l

S
e
c
o
n
d
a
r
y

D
r
i
n
k
i
n
g

W
a
t
e
r

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s
Re
s
u
l
t
s

a
r
e

p
r
e
s
e
n
t
e
d

i
n

u
g
/
l
.
Da
t
a

f
r
o
m

1
1
/
9
/
2
0
1
6

P
r
i
s
m

L
a
b
o
r
a
t
o
r
i
e
s
,

I
n
c
.

W
o
r
k

O
r
d
e
r

6
1
0
0
5
6
6
Or
g
a
n
i
c
In
o
r
g
a
n
i
c
H:\
P
r
o
j
e
c
t
s
\
G
r
o
u
n
d
w
a
t
e
r

M
o
n
i
t
o
r
i
n
g
\
2
.

G
r
o
u
n
d
w
a
t
e
r

M
o
n
i
t
o
r
i
n
g

R
e
p
o
r
t
s
\
A
v
e
r
y

c
o
u
n
t
y
\
A
v
e
r
y

C
&

D

R
e
p
o
r
t
\
1
9
.

O
c
t
o
b
e
r

2
0
1
6
\
O
c
t
1
6

A
v
e
r
y C
&
D

t
a
b
l
e
s
.
x
l
s
Ta
b
l
e

4
Gr
o
u
n
d
w
a
t
e
r

C
h
e
m
i
s
t
r
y

P
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
Av
e
r
y

C
o
u
n
t
y

C

&

D

L
a
n
d
f
i
l
l
Oc
t
o
b
e
r

2
7

&

2
1
8
,

2
0
1
6
By: JM Date: 11/16/2016
Pa
r
a
m
e
t
e
r

M
D
L

R
L

S
W
S
L

2
L

M
W
-
1

M
W
-
2

M
W
-
3

M
W
-
4
To
t
a
l

A
l
k
a
l
i
n
i
t
y
0.
7
7

5
NE

N
E

2
8

2
3

1
3
0

1
2
To
t
a
l

S
u
s
p en
d
e
d

S
o
l
i
d
s

0
.
8

1
2
NE

N
E

5
4

9
4
0

3
9

3
5
Ch
l
o
r
i
d
e

0
.
0
6

1
NE

2
5
0

1
.
3

5
.
2

3
.
6

0
.
9
1
Su
l
f
a
t
e

0
.
2
6

1
25
0

2
5
0

0
.
3
3

1
5

4
5

<
0
.
2
6
No
t
e
:
1.

T
a
b
l
e

d
a
t
a

a
r
e

p re
s
e
n
t
e
d

i
n

m
g /l
.
2.

P
Q
L

i
s

t
h
e

l
a
b
o
r
a
t
o
r
y

p
r
a
c
t
i
c
a
l

q
u
a
n
t
i
t
a
t
i
o
n

l
i
m
i
t
3.

M
D
L

=

M
e
t
h
o
d

D
e
t
e
c
t
i
o
n

L
i
m
i
t
4.

S
W
S
L

=

S
o
l
i
d

W
a
s
t
e

S
e
c
t
i
o
n

L
i
m
i
t
5.

2
L

=

G
r
o
u
n
d
w
a
t
e
r

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d

(
1
5
A

N
C
A
C

2
L

0
2
0
0
)
6.

J

=

D
e
f
i
n
e
d

b
y t
h
e

l
a
b
o
r
a
t
o
r
y a
s

a
s

d
e
t
e
c
t
e
d

b
u
t

b
e
l
o
w

t
h
e

r
e
p or
t
i
n
g l
i
m
i
t
;

t
h
e
r
e
f
o
r
e
,

t
h
e

r
e
s
u
l
t

i
s

a
n

e
s
t
i
m
a
t
e
d

c
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
7.

B
R
L

=

N
o
t

d
e
t
e
c
t
e
d

a
b
o
v
e

t
h
e

l
a
b
o
r
a
t
o
r
y

e
s
t
a
b
l
i
s
h
e
d

r
e
p
o
r
t
i
n
g

l
i
m
i
t

f
o
r

t
h
i
s

p
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
Da
t
a

f
r
o
m

1
1
/
9
/
2
0
1
6

P
r
i
s
m

L
a
b
o
r
a
t
o
r
i
e
s
,

I
n
c
.

W
o
r
k

O
r
d
e
r

6
1
0
0
5
6
6
H:\
P
r
o
j
e
c
t
s
\
G
r
o
u
n
d
w
a
t
e
r

M
o
n
i
t
o
r
i
n
g
\
2
.

G
r
o
u
n
d
w
a
t
e
r

M
o
n
i
t
o
r
i
n
g

R
e
p
o
r
t
s
\
A
v
e
r
y

c
o
u
n
t
y
\
A
v
e
r
y

C
&

D

R
e
p
o
r
t
\
1
9
.

O
c
t
o
b
e
r

2
0
1
6
\
O
c
t
1
6

A
v
e
r
y C
&
D

t
a
b
l
e
s
.
x
l
s
Ta
b
l
e

5
Gr
o
u
n
d
w
a
t
e
r

V
e
l
o
c
i
t
y

C
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
Av
e
r
y

C
o
u
n
t
y

C
&
D

L
a
n
d
f
i
l
l
Oc
t
o
b
e
r

2
7

&

2
8
,

2
0
1
6
By:MG Date: 11/21/2016
We
l
l
Gr
o
u
n
d
w
a
t
e
r

El
e
v
a
t
i
o
n

(
f
e
e
t
)
Hy
d
r
a
u
l
i
c

Co
n
d
u
c
t
i
v
i
t
y

(f
t
/
d
a
y
)
Po
r
o
s
i
t
y

(%
)
Gr
a
d
i
e
n
t

(
f
t
/
f
t
)
Ve
l
o
c
i
t
y

(f
t
/
d
a
y
)
CD
M
W
-
1
a

2
8
6
5
.
4
6

2
.
2
6

1
9

0
.
0
4
3

0
.
0
0
5
CD
M
W
-
2
s

2
8
6
1
.
7
8

2
.
2
6

1
9

0
.
0
5
7

0
.
0
0
7
CD
M
W
-
3
s

2
9
0
4
.
8
1

2
.
2
6

1
9

0
.
0
6
5

0
.
0
0
8
CD
M
W
-
4
s

3
0
1
6
.
9

2
.
2
6

1
9

0
.
0
9
2

0
.
0
1
1
Av
g

V

(
f
t
/
d
a
y
)
0.
0
0
8
No
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Appendix A
Monitoring Well Information

October 2016 Semi-Annual Groundwater Report
Avery County C&D Landfill
NC Solid Waste Permit No. 06-03

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FIELD BOREHOLE LOG
BOREHOLE NUMBER
PROJECT NAME:
LOCATION:
DRILLING CO:
DRILLING METHOD:
FIELD PARTY:
GEOLOGIST:
DATE BEGUN: COMPLETED:
TOTAL DEPTH:
TOP OF CASING ELEV.:
Depth (ft)
Time
Date
STATIC WATER LEVEL (BLS)
DE
P
T
H
BL
O
W

C
O
U
N
T
SA
M
P
L
I
N
G

M
E
T
H
O
D
RE
C
O
V
E
R
Y
DR
I
L
L

M
E
T
H
O
D
DESCRIPTION LI
T
H
O
L
O
G
Y
WE
L
L
IN
S
T
A
L
L
A
T
I
O
N
0.0
5.0
10.0
0.0
5.0
10.0
DE
P
T
H
Richardson Smith Gardner & Assoc
14 North Boylan Avenue, Raleigh NC 27603
[phone] Page 1 of 1
GROUND ELEV.:
NORTHING:EASTING:0 0
Pe
r

6
"
Fe
e
t
In
c
h
e
s
Fe
e
t
MW-1a
Geoprobe/HSA
Avery County C&D Landfill
Ingalls, NC
Mad Dawg Drilling Inc
Tom Whitehead
Joan Smyth
10/26/09 10/26/09
13
Grab
Grab
Grab
GP/HSA SANDY SILT: Dry micaceous brown sandy silt
CLAYEY SANDY SILT: Dry brown micaceous
clayey sandy silt.
CLAYEY SANDY SILT: Clayey sandy silt to sandy
clayey silt with relict structure. Wet at bottom of
borehole. Auger refusal at 13'. (This was the deepest
auger refusal of three attempted borings in this area).
--
--
--
--
--
--

Appendix B
Laboratory Analytical Report

October 2016 Semi-Annual Groundwater Report
Avery County C&D Landfill
NC Solid Waste Permit No. 06-03

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