5503_LincolnCDLF_ASD_DIN25846_20160318

Alternate Source Demonstration
Lincoln County C&D Landfill Permit #55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 7235-14-019
Prepared for:
Lincoln County
5291 Crouse Road
Crouse, NC 28033
Prepared by:
S&ME, Inc.
9751 Southern Pine Boulevard
Charlotte, NC 28273
March 11, 2016
Alternate Source Demonstration
Lincoln County C&D Landfill Permit #55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 7235-14-019
March 11, 2016 ii
Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 1
2.0 Methodology .......................................................................................................... 1
2.1 Wells Selected/Installed for Assessment ....................................................................... 2
2.1.1 Monitoring Well Installation .............................................................................................. 2
2.1.2 Well Development ............................................................................................................... 3
2.2 Groundwater Monitoring Period ................................................................................... 3
2.2.1 Well Purging ....................................................................................................................... 3
2.2.2 Well Sampling ..................................................................................................................... 3
3.0 Hydrogeologic Findings ....................................................................................... 3
3.1 Groundwater Occurrence and Surface .......................................................................... 3
3.2 Estimation of Hydraulic Conductivity .......................................................................... 4
3.3 Horizontal Groundwater Gradients .............................................................................. 4
3.4 Groundwater Flow Rates ................................................................................................. 5
4.0 Analytical Findings ............................................................................................... 5
4.1 April 2014 Summary of Results ...................................................................................... 5
4.2 May 2014 Summary of Results ....................................................................................... 6
4.3 June 2014 Summary of Results ....................................................................................... 7
4.4 July 2014 Summary of Results ........................................................................................ 9
5.0 Conclusions .......................................................................................................... 10
Appendices
Appendix I –Figures
Appendix II –Tables
Appendix III – Boring Logs and Well Construction Records
Appendix IV – Soil Porosity Calculations
Appendix V – Slug Test Data Sheets
Appendix VI – Field Well Sampling Logs and Analytical Data Reports
Appendix VII – Historical Tetrachloroethene Concentrations
Alternate Source Demonstration
Lincoln County C&D Landfill Permit #55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 7235-14-019
March 11, 2016 1
1.0 Introduction
S&ME was contracted by Lincoln County to perform an Alternate Source Demonstration (ASD) for the
Construction and Demolition (C&D) landfill at the Lincoln County Landfill facility. The purpose of the ASD
was to attempt to characterize the source exceedances of Terachloroethene (PCE) in groundwater
monitoring well MW-28.
Compliance groundwater monitoring well MW-28 monitors groundwater up-gradient of the C&D Landfill
and is positioned in a buffer area between the unlined MSW landfill “Area E” to the west and Phase I of
the C&D Landfill to the east (here forward referred to as “buffer area”). The location of Area E, the C&D
Landfill, and groundwater monitoring well MW-28 are shown on the attached Figure 1 in Appendix I.
Concentrations of PCE in monitoring well MW-28 have exceeded 2L Standards since April 2008 and have
been generally increasing in concentration since that time.
Due to groundwater monitoring well MW-28’s close proximity to the unlined Area E, it was suspected that
the PCE exceedances are coming from Area E and not the C&D Phase I landfill. Additional
characterization was needed within the buffer area to determine the source of the PCE exceedances.
On April 18, 2013, S&ME on behalf of Lincoln County, submitted a letter to the North Carolina
Department of Environment and Natural Resources Solid Waste Section (NCDENR-SWS) which
acknowledged the PCE exceedances in groundwater monitoring well MW-28 and voluntarily entered
Lincoln County into the applicable Assessment Program. The April 18, 2013 letter detailed initial actions
of installing a down-gradient compliance boundary groundwater monitoring well and preparing an
assessment work plan. The compliance boundary well location and installation and assessment work plan
preparation was approved by the NCDENR-SWS in a letter dated May 29, 2013.
The approved down-gradient compliance boundary well, MW-36, was installed in June 2013 and a
Groundwater Monitoring Well Installation Report was submitted by S&ME on behalf of Lincoln County to
the NCDENR-SWS on August 14, 2013. On August 20, 2013, via email, the NCDENR-SWS accepted the
Groundwater Monitoring Well Installation Report and requested proceeding with an assessment work
plan.
On November 5, 2013, S&ME on behalf of Lincoln County, submitted an Assessment Work Plan for the
C&D Landfill to the NCDENR-SWS which focused on an Alternate Source Demonstration for the
exceedances in groundwater monitoring well MW-28. The Assessment Work Plan was subsequently
approved by the NCDENR-SWS on November 20, 2013. The following report details the work and analysis
performed for the Alternate Source Demonstration.
2.0 Methodology
This Alternate Source Demonstration was designed to investigate as to whether Area “E” is the source of
the PCE exceedances in monitoring well MW-28. The purpose of the ASD was to further characterize the
“buffer area” in regards to hydrogeologic connection and migration potential from Area “E” to the C&D
Landfill. This ASD has a two part approach, the first was to establish a specific subset of wells within the
buffer area to further evaluate the hydrogeologic characteristics between Area “E” and the C&D landfill.
Alternate Source Demonstration
Lincoln County C&D Landfill Permit #55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 7235-14-019
March 11, 2016 2
The second was to establish a groundwater monitoring period in the subset of wells to evaluate temporal
groundwater quality within the buffer area.
2.1 Wells Selected/Installed for Assessment
S&ME targeted select monitoring and observation wells within the buffer area along with additionally
installed monitoring wells to establish groundwater flow and quality within the buffer area. Seven (7)
groundwater wells were selected and are as follows:
♦Three (3) existing observation wells that were a part of previous site studies:
•OW-1
•OW-4A
•OW-16
♦Two (2) existing monitoring wells:
•MW-17
•MW-28
♦Two (2) newly installed monitoring wells for this study:
•MW-17R
•MW-37
The locations of these monitoring wells are depicted on Figure 1 in Appendix I.
2.1.1 Monitoring Well Installation
The two (2) newly installed groundwater monitoring wells (MW-17R and MW-37) were installed utilizing
an ATV drill rig with 4.25-inch hollow-stem augers. Split-spoon samples were collected every five (5) feet
for soil classification and select laboratory testing. The groundwater wells were constructed of 2-inch
diameter Schedule 40 PVC casing with 15-feet of 0.010-inch machine slotted PVC screen. The sand pack
consists of #2 silica sand extending from the base of the screen to approximately 2-feet above the screen.
An approximate 2-foot bentonite seal was placed on top of the sand pack then completed to ground
surface with a neat cement grout. Well screen elevations were determined in the field by a North Carolina
Registered Professional Geologist (PG) so that well screens bracket the groundwater surface.
The groundwater monitoring wells were completed with an above grade 4-inch by 4-inch steel protective
cover with a lockable cap and sealed in the center of a 2-foot by 2-foot concrete pad. The protective
cover is identified with a permanently affixed well I.D. tag in accordance with North Carolina well
regulations.
After construction was complete, the groundwater monitoring wells were surveyed by a North Carolina
registered land surveyor to obtain ground surface elevations and top of PVC casing elevations. A table
summarizing well construction and survey data is provided as Table 1 in Appendix II. Boring Logs and
Well Construction Records for MW-17R and MW-37 are included within Appendix III.
S&ME performed laboratory grain-size distributions with hydrometer and specific gravity tests on selected
split-spoon soil samples recovered from the saturated portion of the screened interval from each of the
two (2) newly installed groundwater monitoring wells. S&ME used the results of the laboratory grain size
distribution with hydrometer and specific gravity tests to estimate effective porosity of the formation
adjacent to the screened intervals of the groundwater monitoring wells.
Alternate Source Demonstration
Lincoln County C&D Landfill Permit #55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 7235-14-019
March 11, 2016 3
Effective porosity estimates calculated from the grain-size data are based on the soil classification and the
“Variation of porosity, specific yield, and specific retention with grain size” table (Bear, J., 1972) in
conjunction with the textural classification triangle for unconsolidated materials showing the relationship
between particle size and specific yield (Fetter, C.W., 1994). Porosity calculation sheets along with the soil
laboratory data sheets are included in Appendix IV.
2.1.2 Well Development
Following well installation, the newly installed groundwater monitoring wells, as well as the four (4)
observation wells in the buffer area, were developed/redeveloped to reduce the amount of clay, silt, and
sand particles that may potentially be within the well due to installation activities or limited use.
Development was performed using a field-cleaned well pump and polyethylene tubing. Development
was be conducted by removing field specified amounts of water from the well while moving the pump up
and down the well screen. Development continued until the water removed appeared visually clear or a
minimum purge of five (5) well volumes was achieved.
2.2 Groundwater Monitoring Period
The select subset of wells were sampled on a monthly basis beginning in April 2014 and ending in July
2014. Groundwater samples were analyzed for Appendix I volatile organic constituents (VOCs) and
Appendix I inorganic constituents (total metals).
2.2.1 Well Purging
Groundwater wells were purged using a disposable Teflon® bailer. Purging consisted of removing a
minimum of three (3) consecutive well volumes and measuring field parameters of pH, conductivity, and
temperature. Purging continued until field parameters stabilized or the well was evacuated to dryness.
Field parameters are considered stabilized within ±0.2 pH units and ±10% for temperature and
conductivity over 3 to 5 well volumes
2.2.2 Well Sampling
Sampling was performed within twenty-four (24) hours of purging. Samples were collected using a
disposable Teflon® bailer and placed in laboratory provided sample bottles. Sample bottles were
packaged on ice and sent to a North Carolina certified laboratory for analysis.
3.0 Hydrogeologic Findings
3.1 Groundwater Occurrence and Surface
The water level elevations calculated from the depth to water measurements and measuring point
elevations were contoured to determine groundwater flow directions within the buffer area. Groundwater
flow directions are perpendicular to the water table surface contours. The groundwater level data
collected in April 2014 is presented on Figure 2 in Appendix I. The calculated water level elevations
from the wells in the buffer area and the site topography were used to create Figure 2. The site
topography was used to guide contours as control points so that water table contours would not extend
Alternate Source Demonstration
Lincoln County C&D Landfill Permit #55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 7235-14-019
March 11, 2016 4
above land surface (e.g. dry ravines and ditches). In addition, groundwater discharge areas (e.g. the
unnamed tributaries) on Figure 2 were assumed to have a groundwater discharge elevation at the ground
surface elevation at the centerline of the stream. Water level elevations measured during the period of
this study are summarized in Table 2 in Appendix II for reference.
Based upon the groundwater elevations in the vicinity of the buffer area and surrounding landfills,
groundwater flows primarily toward the south, with secondary flow toward the unnamed tributaries to the
southeast and southwest of the landfills. Based on the groundwater flow direction in the buffer area and
C&D landfill, it is likely these areas are receiving a partial amount of flow from beneath Area “E”.
3.2 Estimation of Hydraulic Conductivity
In order to evaluate the hydrogeological characteristics of the subsurface materials, S&ME performed in-
situ permeability tests (slug tests) in each of the selected buffer area wells where water column was
sufficient for testing. Slug tests was performed in the field using the rising-head method, in which water
is pumped from the well and recharge is recorded with time.
Rising-head permeability tests were computed from the field data using the Bouwer and Rice Graphical
Method. In the Bouwer and Rice Method a plot of the displacement in water level versus time is
generated and a slope line is automatically calculated or manually selected to calculate the hydraulic
conductivity. The slope line can be manually selected to capture isolated segments of the curve if desired.
Typically the displacement versus time plot produces one of three types of graphs:
1.A straight line segment early in the test from water draining to or from the sandpack in partially
submerged sandpacked wells, if present (“A” segment of curve). This is typically not observed
where the sandpack is fully submerged.
2.A straight line during the middle portion of the test representing drainage to or from the aquifer
and is the desired portion of the data for the calculation of hydraulic conductivity (“B” segment of
curve). In some cases this is a curved line between the “A” segment and the “C” segment.
3.A curved line during the later portion of the test tending to asymptotic conditions (“C” segment
of curve). This curve may not be present in slow recharging wells (low hydraulic conductivity).
In general, the methodology of selecting the slope line to calculate the K values is as follows:
1.The “A” segment of the curve, if present, was excluded.
2.The “B” segment of the curve was selected.
3.The “C” segment of the curve, if present, was excluded.
Graph Reports for each well tested are included in Appendix V for reference.
3.3 Horizontal Groundwater Gradients
The horizontal gradient, or degree of slope, of the groundwater table has a directly proportional effect on
the rate of groundwater flow (considered in Section 3.4).
The hydraulic gradient (i) in the vicinity of selected well in the buffer area was estimated by calculating the
vertical difference between the groundwater elevation at each well and one or more nearby contour lines
from Figure 2. This value was then divided by the horizontal distance measured from the well to the
selected groundwater elevation contour line.
Alternate Source Demonstration
Lincoln County C&D Landfill Permit #55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 7235-14-019
March 11, 2016 5
3.4 Groundwater Flow Rates
Horizontal permeability calculated from slug tests was used in conjunction with porosity calculated from
grain-size analyses from saturated well screened intervals (where available) to calculate groundwater flow
velocities. Groundwater velocity was calculated by multiplying the gradient (i) by the hydraulic
conductivity (k) and dividing by the estimated effective porosity (ne) of the aquifer. Table 3 in Appendix
II summarizes the groundwater flow rates for the selected wells within the buffer area.
Based on the estimated flow rates in Table 3, it appears that that the wells within the buffer area range
from 2 to 112 feet per year.
4.0 Analytical Findings
Analytical results for the groundwater wells monitored during the ASD are summarized in Tables 5
through 8 in Appendix II. Detections above the NCAC 2L Groundwater Quality Standards (2L standards)
or the Solid Waste Groundwater Protection Standards (SW GWP) are highlighted in gray. Field parameters
measured during the sampling events are summarized in Table 4 in Appendix II. Field well sampling logs
and laboratory data reports are included in Appendix VI for reference.
4.1 April 2014 Summary of Results
Based on the laboratory analytical reports, six (6) VOCs and five (5) metals were detected above their
respective 2L Standard or SW GWP Standard during the April 2014 monitoring event for buffer area wells.
Results are summarized in Table 5 in Appendix II.
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
Monitoring wells MW-17R and OW-16 had multiple detections of VOCs above their respective 2L or SW
GWP Standard. The detections exceeding standards are as follows:
MW-17R
♦1,2-Dichloroethane detected at 0.48 J µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.4 µg/L.
♦Benzene detected at 4.7 µg/L. 2L Standard is 1 µg/L.
♦Methylene Chloride detected at 43 µg/L. 2L Standard is 5 µg/L.
OW-16
♦1,2-Dichloroethane detected at 0.57 J µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.4 µg/L.
♦1,4-Dicholorbenzene detected at 7.2 µg/L. 2L Standard is 6 µg/L.
♦Benzene detected at 7.7 µg/L. 2L Standard is 1 µg/L.
♦Methylene Chloride at 17 µg/L. 2L Standard is 5 µg/L.
♦Tetrachloroethane detected at 4.8 µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.7 µg/L.
♦Vinyl Chloride detected at 0.86 J. 2L Standard is 0.03 µg/L.
Singular detections of Tetrachloroethene exceeding its respective 2L Standard of 0.7 µg/L were found in
the following monitoring wells:
Alternate Source Demonstration
Lincoln County C&D Landfill Permit #55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 7235-14-019
March 11, 2016 6
♦MW-17 at 1.2 µg/L,
♦MW-28 at 6.6 µg/L,
♦OW-1 at 1.8 µg/L, and
♦OW-4A at 5.4 µg/L.
Inorganic Constituents (Metals)
Thirteen (13) Appendix I metals were detected in the well sampled, five (5) of which were detected above
their respective 2L Standard or SW GWP Standard: Chromium, Manganese, Nickel, Thallium, and
Vanadium.
♦Chromium was detected above its 2L Standard of 10 µg/L in groundwater monitoring wells MW-
17R and OW-1 at concentrations of 27.0 µg/L and 11.2 µg/L, respectively.
♦Manganese was detected above its 2L Standard of 50 µg/L in groundwater monitoring well MW-
28 at a concentration of 87.8 µg/L.
♦Nickel was detected above its 2L Standard of 100 µg/L in groundwater monitoring well OW-1 at a
concentration of 168 µg/L.
♦Thallium was detected above its SW GWP Standard of 0.28 µg/L in groundwater monitoring wells
MW-17R, OW-1, and OW-16 at concentrations of 0.513 J, 0.619 J, and 0.690 J µg/L, respectively.
♦Vanadium was detected above its SW GWP Standard of 0.3 µg/L in groundwater monitoring wells
MW-17R, MW-37, and OW-1 at concentrations ranging from 1.47 J to 34.6 µg/L.
4.2 May 2014 Summary of Results
Based on the laboratory analytical reports, six (6) VOCs and five (5) metals were detected above their
respective 2L Standard or SW GWP Standard during the May 2014 monitoring event. Results are
summarized in Table 6 in Appendix II.
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
Monitoring wells MW-17, MW-17R, MW28, and OW-16 had multiple detections of VOCs above their
respective 2L or SW GWP Standard. The detections exceeding standards are as follows:
MW-17
♦Tetrachloroethane detected at 1.3 J µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.7 µg/L.
♦Vinyl Chloride detected at 0.43 J µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.03 µg/L.
MW-17R
♦Benzene detected at 4.8 µg/L. 2L Standard is 1 µg/L.
♦Methylene Chloride detected at 41 µg/L. 2L Standard is 5 µg/L.
♦Vinyl Chloride detected at 0.44 J µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.3 µg/L.
MW-28
♦Tetrachloroethane detected at 7.1 J µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.7 µg/L.
♦Vinyl Chloride detected at 0.87 J µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.03 µg/L.
Alternate Source Demonstration
Lincoln County C&D Landfill Permit #55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 7235-14-019
March 11, 2016 7
OW-16
♦1,4-Dicholorbenzene detected at 7.4 µg/L. 2L Standard is 6 µg/L.
♦Benzene detected at 6.8 µg/L. 2L Standard is 1 µg/L.
♦Methylene Chloride detected at 10 µg/L. 2L Standard is 5 µg/L.
♦Tetrachloroethane detected at 4.3 µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.7 µg/L.
♦Trichloroethene detected at 3 µg/L. 2L Standard is 3 µg/L.
♦Vinyl Chloride detected at 0.83 J. 2L Standard is 0.03 µg/L.
Singular detections of Tetrachloroethene exceeding its respective 2L Standard of 0.7 µg/L were found in
the following monitoring wells:
♦OW-1 at 1.2 µg/L, and
♦OW-4A at 5.2 µg/L.
Inorganic Constituents (Metals)
Thirteen (13) Appendix I metals were detected in the wells sampled, five (5) of which were detected above
their respective 2L Standard or SW GWP Standard: Chromium, Lead, Nickel, Thallium, and Vanadium.
♦Chromium was detected above its 2L Standard of 10 µg/L in groundwater monitoring well OW-1
at a concentration of 17.8 µg/L.
♦Lead was detected above its 2L Standard of 15 µg/L in groundwater monitoring well OW-1 at a
concentration of 29.3 µg/L.
♦Nickel was detected above its 2L Standard of 100 µg/L in groundwater monitoring well OW-1 at a
concentration of 180 µg/L.
♦Thallium was detected above its SW GWP Standard of 0.28 µg/L in groundwater monitoring wells
OW-1 and OW-16 at concentrations of 0.702 J µg/L and 0.619 J µg/L, respectively.
♦Vanadium was detected above its SW GWP Standard of 0.3 µg/L in groundwater monitoring wells
MW-17R, MW-37, OW-1, OW-4A, and OW-16 at concentrations ranging from 2.40 J µg/L to 10.1 J
µg/L.
4.3 June 2014 Summary of Results
Based on the laboratory analytical reports, six (6) VOCs and five (5) metals were detected above their
respective 2L Standard or SW GWP Standard during the June 2014 monitoring event. Results are
summarized in Table 7 in Appendix II.
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
Monitoring wells MW-17R, MW28, MW-37, OW-4A, and OW-16 had multiple detections of VOCs above
their respective 2L or SW GWP Standard. The detections exceeding standards are as follows:
MW-17R
♦1,1-Dicholoroethane at 6.0 µg/L. 2L Standard is 6 µg/L.
♦Benzene detected at 5.0 µg/L. 2L Standard is 1 µg/L.
♦Methylene Chloride detected at 52 µg/L. 2L Standard is 5 µg/L.
Alternate Source Demonstration
Lincoln County C&D Landfill Permit #55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 7235-14-019
March 11, 2016 8
♦Tetrachloroethane detected at 0.87 J µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.7 µg/L.
♦Vinyl Chloride detected at 0.72 J µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.03 µg/L.
MW-28
♦Tetrachloroethane detected at 8.4 µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.7 µg/L.
♦Vinyl Chloride detected at 1.1 µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.03 µg/L.
MW-37
♦Methylene Chloride detected at 5.8 µg/L. 2L Standard is 5 µg/L.
♦Tetrachloroethane detected at 0.93 J µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.7 µg/L.
OW-4A
♦Tetrachloroethane detected at 9.3 µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.7 µg/L.
♦Vinyl Chloride detected at 0.76 J µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.03 µg/L.
OW-16
♦1,4-Dicholorbenzene detected at 9.2 µg/L. 2L Standard is 6 µg/L.
♦Benzene detected at 8.5 µg/L. 2L Standard is 1 µg/L.
♦Methylene Chloride detected at 11 µg/L. 2L Standard is 5 µg/L.
♦Tetrachloroethane detected at 4.8 µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.7 µg/L.
♦Trichloroethene detected at 3.6 µg/L. 2L Standard is 3 µg/L.
♦Vinyl Chloride detected at 1.4 µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.03 µg/L.
Singular detections of Tetrachloroethene exceeding its respective 2L Standard of 0.7 µg/L were found in
the following monitoring wells:
♦MW-17 at 2.2 µg/L, and
♦OW-1 at 1.8 µg/L.
Inorganic Constituents (Metals)
Twelve (12) Appendix I metals were detected in the wells sampled, five (5) of which were detected above
their respective 2L Standard or SW GWP Standard: Chromium, Lead, Nickel, Thallium, and Vanadium.
♦Chromium was detected above its 2L Standard of 10 µg/L in groundwater monitoring well OW-1
at a concentration of 58.2 µg/L.
♦Lead was detected above its 2L Standard of 15.8 µg/L in groundwater monitoring well OW-1 at a
concentration of 31.8 µg/L.
♦Nickel was detected above its 2L Standard of 100 µg/L in groundwater monitoring well OW-1 at a
concentration of 181 µg/L.
♦Thallium was detected above its SW GWP Standard of 0.28 µg/L in groundwater monitoring wells
MW-17R, OW-1, and OW-16 at concentrations of 0.315 J µg/L, 0.890 J µg/L and 0.590 J µg/L,
respectively.
Alternate Source Demonstration
Lincoln County C&D Landfill Permit #55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 7235-14-019
March 11, 2016 9
♦Vanadium was detected above its SW GWP Standard of 0.3 µg/L in groundwater monitoring wells
MW-17R, MW-37, OW-1, OW-4A, and OW-16 at concentrations ranging from 2.17 J µg/L to 29.1
µg/L.
4.4 July 2014 Summary of Results
Based on the laboratory analytical reports, six (6) VOCs and five (5) metals were detected above their
respective 2L Standard or SW GWP Standard during the July 2014 monitoring event. Results are
summarized in Table 8 in Appendix II.
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
Monitoring wells MW-17, MW-17R, and OW-16 had multiple detections of VOCs above their respective 2L
or SW GWP Standard. The detections exceeding standards are as follows:
MW-17
♦Tetrachloroethane detected at 2.2 µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.7 µg/L.
♦Vinyl Chloride detected at 0.90 J µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.03 µg/L.
MW-17R
♦1,2-Dichloroethane detected at 0.48 J µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.4 µg/L.
♦Benzene detected at 5.8 µg/L. 2L Standard is 1 µg/L.
♦Methylene Chloride detected at 48 µg/L. 2L Standard is 5 µg/L.
♦Vinyl Chloride detected at 0.68 J µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.03 µg/L.
OW-16
♦1,2-Dichloroethane detected at 0.69 J. 2L Standard is 0.4 J µg/L.
♦1,4-Dichlorbenzene detected at 11 µg/L. 2L Standard is 6 µg/L.
♦Benzene detected at 10 µg/L. 2L Standard is 1 µg/L.
♦Tetrachloroethane detected at 4.2 µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.7 µg/L.
♦Trichloroethene detected at 3.5 µg/L. 2L Standard is 3 µg/L.
♦Vinyl Chloride detected at 1.5 µg/L. 2L Standard is 0.03 µg/L.
Singular detections of Tetrachloroethene exceeding its respective 2L Standard of 0.7 µg/L were found in
the following monitoring wells:
♦MW-28 at 0.99 J µg/L, and
♦OW-4A at 5.6 µg/L.
Inorganic Constituents (Metals)
Seven (7) constituents were detected above their respective 2L Standard or SW GWP Standard: Barium,
Chromium, Cobalt, Lead, Nickel, Thallium and Vanadium.
Alternate Source Demonstration
Lincoln County C&D Landfill Permit #55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 7235-14-019
March 11, 2016 10
♦Barium was detected above its 2L Standard of 700 µg/L in groundwater monitoring well OW-1 at
a concentration of 1,070 µg/L.
♦Chromium was detected above its 2L Standard of 10 µg/L in groundwater monitoring wells MW-
17R, MW-37, OW-1, and OW-16 at concentrations ranging from 14.8 µg/L to 226 µg/L.
♦Cobalt was detected above its SW GWP Standard of 10 µg/L in groundwater monitoring well OW-
1 at a concentration of 75.2 µg/L.
♦Lead was detected above its 2L Standard of 15µg/L in groundwater monitoring wells OW-1 and
OW-16 at concentrations of 71 µg/L and 15.6 µg/L, respectively.
♦Nickel was detected above its respective 2L Standard of 100 µg/L in groundwater monitoring well
OW-1 at a concentration of 278 µg/L.
♦Thallium was detected above its respective SW GWP Standard of 0.28 µg/L in groundwater
monitoring wells MW-17R, OW-1 and OW-16 at concentrations of 0.683 J, 2.81 JD, and 1.11 J
respectively.
♦Vanadium was detected above its SW GWP Standard of 0.3 µg/L in groundwater monitoring wells
MW-17R and OW-1 at concentrations of 58.1 µg/L and 126 µg/L, respectively.
5.0 Conclusions
Historically PCE has been detected in groundwater monitoring wells MW-13, MW-14, MW-17, MW-19,
MW-20 and MW-28. Each of these wells are located hydraulically down or side gradient of the unlined
“Area E” landfill. A summary of historical concentrations of PCE detected in on-site monitoring wells is
included in Appendix IV for reference.
Concentrations of PCE within the groundwater monitoring wells began being detected in monitoring well
MW-13 beginning in April 1996, but for the remaining wells detected concentrations of PCE began during
or after the October 2005 sampling event when detection limits were lowered. Monitoring wells MW-13,
MW-19, and MW-28 have the most consistent detections, while MW-14, MW-17, and MW-20 vary from
non-detect to detect. Detected concentrations of PCE range on site from 0.43 µg/L to 8.2 µg/L. The
majority of which exceed the 2L standard of 0.7 µg/L. The highest concentrations have most recently been
detected in MW-28.
The specific subset of wells sampled during this study referred to as the “buffer area” wells each had
detections of PCE during the four groundwater monitoring events except for MW-37. MW-37 did not
have a detection during the April 2014 sampling event.
Concentrations of PCE in the “buffer area” wells ranged from 0.42 µg/L (MW-37) to 9.3 µg/L (OW-4A). The
majority of concentrations exceed the 2L Standard, with the highest concentrations in MW-28 and its
nested deep well OW-4A.
The “buffer area” wells not only contained concentrations of PCE, but also twelve other volatile organic
compounds, some of which were above their respective 2L or SW GWP Standards as discussed in Section
4.0. These volatile organic compounds are the same constituents that are consistently detected in the
“Area E” monitoring wells during semi-annual monitoring events.
The data collected and analyzed during the study provide the following information:
Alternate Source Demonstration
Lincoln County C&D Landfill Permit #55-03
Crouse, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 7235-14-019
March 11, 2016 11
♦Groundwater flow directions on site indicate that the buffer area and C&D landfill receive a partial
amount of flow from beneath Area “E”;
♦MW-28 is located hydraulically up-gradient from the C&D Landfill;
♦PCE has been historically detected downgradient and side gradient of “Area E”;
♦PCE was detected in each of the “buffer area” wells sampled during this study; and
♦VOCs typically detected in the “Area E” monitoring wells were also detected in the “buffer area”
wells.
Given the data collected during this demonstration, it appears that the PCE concentrations present in
groundwater monitoring well MW-28 are associated with migration of contaminants from the unlined
“Area E” landfill and not from the C&D Landfill.
Appendices
Appendix I –Figures
MW-37871.14 NDMW-17R864.80 0.69 J
OW-1876.491.8 ug/l
MW-17 865.671.2 ug/l
OW-16872.944.8 ug/l
OW-4A871.385.4 ug/l
MW-28871.666.6 ug/l
MW-13840.863.4 ug/l
MW-12
MW-18837.65ND
MW-19836.231.6 ug/l MW-14841.07ND
MW-20845.39ND
MW-29842.56ND
MW-30837.37ND
MW-31850.83ND
MW-26858.83ND
MW-27863.69ND
MW-1A889.55ND
MW-16R862.89ND
896892
888
8 8 4
9 0 8
9 0 4
9 1 2
9 1 6
8 7 6872
9
2
4
8 6 8
864
8 5 6 8 52
9 2 8
9 3 2848
9 3 6
8 4 4
8 3 6
8
3
2
8 2 8
824
868
8 9 2
936
896
9 1 2
932
916
9 2 4
9 2 4
912
8
8
8
9 0 4
8
5
6
904
9
0
8
9
2
4
9 1 6
9
1
6
8
9
2
8
8
4
9 2 4
92
8
C
R
O
U
S
E

R
D
S H O A L R D
B U F F E R A R E A W E L L S A P R I L 2 0 1 4
G R O U N D W A T E R E L E V A T I O N S A N D
P C E C O N C E N T R A I O N S (u g /L )
L I N C O L N C O U N T Y L A N D F I L L
C R O U S E , N O R T H C A R O L I N A
1
7 2 3 5 -1 4 -0 1 9
S J T
0 3 .1 1 .2 0 1 6
J P R
FIGURE NO.
S C A L E :
P R O J E C T N O .
D A T E :
D R A W N B Y :
C H E C K E D B Y :
W W W .S M E I N C .C O M
REFERENCE:THE 15A 2CAC 2L STANDARD FOR PCE IS 0.7 ug/L. GROUNDWATER ELEVATIONS AND ANALYTICAL SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED ON 4/15/2014.GROUNDWATER ELEVATIONS ARE FEET MEAN SEA LEVEL. PLEASE NOTE THIS MAP IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. IT IS NOT MEANT FORDESIGN, LEGAL, OR ANY OTHER USES. THERE ARE NO GUARANTEES ABOUT ITS ACCURACY. S&ME, INC. ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR ANYDECISION MADE OR ANY ACTIONS TAKEN BY THE USER BASED UPON THIS INFORMATION.
0 200 400
Feet
±
1 " = 2 0 0 '
F -0 1 7 6
E N G I N E E R I N G L I C E N S E N O .
Q :\7 2 3 5 \1 4 \0 1 9 L C L F C &D A s s e s s m e n t \A p r i l 2 0 1 4 .m x d
AREA E - UNLINED MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AREA (CLOSED/INACTIVE)
CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION LANDFILL (ACTIVE)
8
8 5
8 8
0
8 7 5
8 7 0865
8 6 0
8 5 5
8 4 5840 8 5 0
8 8 5
880
8 7 5
870
8 6 5
8 6 0
8 5 5
850
845840
Legend
Groundwater Elevation Contours April 2014Trails and On-Site Gravel Roads
Water Features
4' Contours
Area E - Unlined Municipal Solid Waste Area (Closed/Inactive)Construction & Demolition LandfillProperty Boundary
Roads
Monitoring Well IDGroundwater Elevation (in feet)PCE Concentraion (in ug/L)Buffer Area Well IDGroundwater Elevation (in feet)PCE Concentration (in ug/L)
Groundwater Flow Direction
OW-1 876.66 1.2 ug/l
MW-17 866.06 1.3 ug/l
OW-16 873.05 4.3 ug/l
OW-4A 871.50 5.2 ug/lMW-28 871.77 7.1 J ug/l
MW-37 871.34 0.42 J ug/lMW-17R 864.94 0.68 J ug/l
MW-12
MW-18
MW-19
MW-13MW-14
MW-20
MW-29
MW-30
MW-31
MW-26
MW-27
MW-1A
MW-16R
896892
888
8 8 4
9 0 8
9 0 4
9 1 2
9 1 6
8 7 6872
9
2
4
8 6 8
864
85 6 85 2
9 2 8
9 3 2848
9 3 6
8 4 4
8 3 6
8
3
2
8 2 8
824
868
8 9 2
936
896
9 1 2
932
916
9 2 4
9 2 4
912
8
8
8
9 0 4
8
5
6
904
9 0 8
9
2
4
9 1 6
9
1
6
8
9
2
8
8
4
9 2 4
9
2
8
C
R
O
U
S
E

R
D
S H O A L R D
B U F F E R A R E A W E L L S M A Y 2 0 1 4
G R O U N D W A T E R E L E V A T I O N S A N D
P C E C O N C E N T R A I O N S (u g /L )
L I N C O L N C O U N T Y L A N D F I L L
C R O U S E , N O R T H C A R O L I N A
2
7 2 3 5 -1 4 -0 1 9
S J T
0 3 .1 1 .2 0 1 6
J P R
FIGURE NO.
S C A L E :
P R O J E C T N O .
D A T E :
D R A W N B Y :
C H E C K E D B Y :
W W W .S M E I N C .C O M
REFERENCE:THE 15A 2CAC 2L STANDARD FOR PCE IS 0.7 ug/L. GROUNDWATER ELEVATIONS AND ANALYTICAL SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED ON 5/12/2014.GROUNDWATER ELEVATIONS ARE FEET MEAN SEA LEVEL. PLEASE NOTE THIS MAP IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. IT IS NOT MEANT FORDESIGN, LEGAL, OR ANY OTHER USES. THERE ARE NO GUARANTEES ABOUT ITS ACCURACY. S&ME, INC. ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR ANYDECISION MADE OR ANY ACTIONS TAKEN BY THE USER BASED UPON THIS INFORMATION.
0 200 400
Feet
±
1 " = 2 0 0 '
F -0 1 7 6
E N G I N E E R I N G L I C E N S E N O .
Q :\7 2 3 5 \1 4 \0 1 9 L C L F C &D A s s e s s m e n t \M a y 2 0 1 4 .m x d
AREA E - UNLINED MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AREA (CLOSED/INACTIVE)
CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION LANDFILL (ACTIVE)
Legend
Trails and On-Site Gravel Roads
Water Features4' Contours
Area E - Unlined Municipal Solid Waste Area (Closed/Inactive)
Construction & Demolition Landfill
Property Boundary
Roads
Buffer Area Well IDGroundwater Elevation (in feet)PCE Concentration (in ug/L)
Monitoring Well ID
OW-1 876.77 1.8 ug/l
MW-17 865.58 2.2 ug/l
OW-16 873.23 4.8 ug/l
OW-4A 871.16 9.3 ug/l
MW-28 871.77 8.4 ug/l
MW-37 871.53 0.93 J ug/lMW-17R 865.12 0.87 J ug/l
896892
888
8 8 4
9 0 8
9 0 4
9 1 2
9 1 6
8 7 6872
9
2
4
8 6 8
864
85 6 85 2
9 2 8
9 3 2848
9 3 6
8 4 4
8 3 6
8
3
2
8 2 8
824
868
8 9 2
936
896
9 1 2
932
916
9 2 4
9 2 4
912
8
8
8
9 0 4
8
5
6
904
9 0 8
9
2
4
9 1 6
9
1
6
8
9
2
8
8
4
9 2 4
9
2
8
MW-12
MW-18
MW-19
MW-13MW-14
MW-20
MW-29
MW-30
MW-31
MW-26
MW-27
MW-1A
MW-16R
C
R
O
U
S
E

R
D
S H O A L R D
B U F F E R A R E A W E L L S J U N E 2 0 1 4
G R O U N D W A T E R E L E V A T I O N S A N D
P C E C O N C E N T R A I O N S (u g /L )
L I N C O L N C O U N T Y L A N D F I L L
C R O U S E , N O R T H C A R O L I N A
3
7 2 3 5 -1 4 -0 1 9
S J T
0 3 .1 1 .2 0 1 6
J P R
FIGURE NO.
S C A L E :
P R O J E C T N O .
D A T E :
D R A W N B Y :
C H E C K E D B Y :
W W W .S M E I N C .C O M
REFERENCE:THE 15A 2CAC 2L STANDARD FOR PCE IS 0.7 ug/L. GROUNDWATER ELEVATIONS AND ANALYTICAL SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED ON 6/16/2014.GROUNDWATER ELEVATIONS ARE FEET MEAN SEA LEVEL PLEASE NOTE THIS MAP IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. IT IS NOT MEANT FORDESIGN, LEGAL, OR ANY OTHER USES. THERE ARE NO GUARANTEES ABOUT ITS ACCURACY. S&ME, INC. ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR ANYDECISION MADE OR ANY ACTIONS TAKEN BY THE USER BASED UPON THIS INFORMATION.
0 200 400
Feet
±
1 " = 2 0 0 '
F -0 1 7 6
E N G I N E E R I N G L I C E N S E N O .
Q :\7 2 3 5 \1 4 \0 1 9 L C L F C &D A s s e s s m e n t \J u n e 2 0 1 4 .m x d
AREA E - UNLINED MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AREA (CLOSED/INACTIVE)
CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION LANDFILL (ACTIVE)
Legend
Trails and On-Site Gravel Roads
Water Features4' Contours
Area E - Unlined Municipal Solid Waste Area (Closed/Inactive)
Construction & Demolition Landfill
Property Boundary
Roads
Buffer Area Well IDGroundwater Elevation (in feet)PCE Concentration (in ug/L)
Monitoring Well ID
MW-17 864.74 2.2 ug/l
OW-16 870.05 4.2 ug/l
OW-4A 870.57 5.6 ug/l
OW-1 876.36 0.44 J ug/l
MW-37 871.50 0.44 J ug/l MW-28 871.17 0.99 J ug/lMW-17R 864.88 0.63 J ug/l
896892
888
8 8 4
9 0 8
9 0 4
9 1 2
9 1 6
8 7 6872
9
2
4
8 6 8
864
85 6 85 2
9 2 8
9 3 2848
9 3 6
8 4 4
8 3 6
8
3
2
8 2 8
824
868
8 9 2
936
896
9 1 2
932
916
9 2 4
9 2 4
912
8
8
8
9 0 4
8
5
6
904
9 0 8
9
2
4
9 1 6
9
1
6
8
9
2
8
8
4
9 2 4
9
2
8
MW-12
MW-18
MW-19
MW-13MW-14
MW-20
MW-29
MW-30
MW-31
MW-26
MW-27
MW-1A
MW-16R
C
R
O
U
S
E

R
D
S H O A L R D
B U F F E R A R E A W E L L S J U L Y 2 0 1 4
G R O U N D W A T E R E L E V A T I O N S A N D
P C E C O N C E N T R A I O N S (u g /L )
L I N C O L N C O U N T Y L A N D F I L L
C R O U S E , N O R T H C A R O L I N A
4
7 2 3 5 -1 4 -0 1 9
S J T
0 3 .1 1 .2 0 1 6
J P R
FIGURE NO.
S C A L E :
P R O J E C T N O .
D A T E :
D R A W N B Y :
C H E C K E D B Y :
W W W .S M E I N C .C O M
REFERENCE:THE 15A 2CAC 2L STANDARD FOR PCE IS 0.7 ug/L. GROUNDWATER ELEVATIONS AND ANALYTICAL SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED ON 7/16/2014.GROUNDWATER ELEVATIONS ARE IN FEET MEAN SEA LEVEL. PLEASE NOTE THIS MAP IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. IT IS NOT MEANT FORDESIGN, LEGAL, OR ANY OTHER USES. THERE ARE NO GUARANTEES ABOUT ITS ACCURACY. S&ME, INC. ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR ANYDECISION MADE OR ANY ACTIONS TAKEN BY THE USER BASED UPON THIS INFORMATION.
0 200 400
Feet
±
1 " = 2 0 0 '
F -0 1 7 6
E N G I N E E R I N G L I C E N S E N O .
Q :\7 2 3 5 \1 4 \0 1 9 L C L F C &D A s s e s s m e n t \J u l y 2 0 1 4 .m x d
AREA E - UNLINED MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AREA (CLOSED/INACTIVE)
CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION LANDFILL (ACTIVE)
Legend
Trails and On-Site Gravel Roads
Water Features4' Contours
Area E - Unlined Municipal Solid Waste Area (Closed/Inactive)
Construction & Demolition Landfill
Property Boundary
Roads
Buffer Area Well IDGroundwater Elevation (in feet)PCE Concentration (in ug/L)
Monitoring Well ID
Appendix II –Tables
Latitude Longitude Ground TOC
(MM/DD/YY)
MW-17 07/20/93 35.426255°-81.354866°898.14 899.64 0.0 to 20.0 20.0 to 35.0 0.0 to 16.0 16.0 to 18.0 18.0 to 45.5 - - -
MW-17R 03/31/14 35.426203°-81.355175°903.90 906.10 0.0 to 32.5 32.5 to 47.5 0.0 to 28.5 28.5 to 30.5 30.5 to 48.0 Saprolite
MW-28 04/01/99 35.427697°-81.354272°912.29 915.15 0.0 to 36.0 36.0 to 51.0 0.0 to 32.0 32.0 to 34.0 34.0 to 51.0 Saprolite
MW-37 04/01/14 35.426911°-81.354913°914.87 917.15 0.0 to 40.0 40.0 to 55.0 0.0 to 35.0 35.0 to 37.5 37.5 to 55.5 Saprolite
OW-1 - - -35.428933°-81.354337°911.26 914.27 - - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -
OW-4A - - -35.428027°-81.354681°912.30 915.12 - - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -
OW-16 - - -35.427701°-81.354285°911.25 913.55 - - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -
Notes:
(ft-MSL)Feet Mean Sea Level 0.010 Slot 0.010-Inch Machine-Slotted PVC Pipe Sch. 40 Schedule 40 PVC Pipe
(ft-bls)Feet Below Land Surface Neat Cement Cement Mixture without Bentonite - - -Not Available
TOC Top of Casing #2 Filter Sand Medium to Fine Grained Silica Sand
Ground Ground Surface Bentonite Bentonite Pellets
Table 1
Well Construction Summary
Lincoln County Landfill Alternate Source Demonstration
S&ME Project No: 7235-14-019
GPS Coordinates Survey Elevations Casing Interval Screen Interval Geology in
Screen Interval(ft-bls)(ft-bls)(ft-bls)(ft-bls)
#2 Filter Sand
Grout Interval Seal Interval Filter Pack Interval
Neat Cement BentoniteWell ID Install Date
(decimal degrees)(ft-MSL)
2-inch, SCH. 40, PVC 2-inch, 0.010 Slot, PVC
(ft-bls)
Ground TOC DTW - TOC GW ELEV.DTW - TOC GW ELEV.DTW - TOC GW ELEV.DTW - TOC GW ELEV.
(ft)(ft-MSL)(ft)(ft-MSL)(ft)(ft-MSL)(ft)(ft-MSL)
MW-17 898.14 899.64 33.97 865.67 33.58 866.06 34.06 865.58 34.90 864.74
MW-17R 903.90 906.10 41.3 864.80 41.16 864.94 40.98 865.12 41.22 864.88
MW-28 912.29 915.15 43.49 871.66 43.38 871.77 43.38 871.77 43.98 871.17
MW-37 914.87 917.15 46.01 871.14 45.81 871.34 45.62 871.53 45.65 871.50
OW-1 911.26 914.27 37.78 876.49 37.61 876.66 37.5 876.77 37.91 876.36
OW-4A 912.30 915.12 43.74 871.38 43.62 871.50 43.96 871.16 44.55 870.57
OW-16 911.25 913.55 46.01 867.54 40.50 873.05 40.32 873.23 43.50 870.05
Notes:
(ft-MSL)Feet Mean Sea Level DTW Depth to Water
(ft)Feet GW ELEV.Groundwater Elevation
TOC Top of Casing
Ground Ground Surface
(ft-MSL)
Table 2
Water Level Data Summary
Lincoln County Landfill Alternate Source Demonstration
S&ME Project No: 7235-14-019
Well ID
April 2014 May 2014 June 2014 July 2014Survey Elevations
K n I v I v I v I v
Well Hydraulic Cond.Eff. Porosity Gradient Flow Velocity Gradient Flow Velocity Gradient Flow Velocity Gradient Flow Velocity
ID (ft/day)(ne)(ft/ft)(ft/yr)(ft/ft)(ft/yr)(ft/ft)(ft/yr)(ft/ft)(ft/yr)
MW-17 1.4E+00 17%0.01 37 0.01 35 0.01 38 0.01 41
MW-17R 2.1E+00 22%0.03 112 0.03 87 0.03 87 0.03 90
MW-28 2.6E-01 22%0.01 5 0.01 5 0.01 4 0.01 4
MW-37 1.7E-01 21%0.008 2 0.01 2 0.01 3 0.01 2
OW-1 - - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -
OW-4A 5.1E-02 5%0.01 4 0.01 4 0.01 4 0.01 4
OW-16 1.2E+00 22%0.01 21 0.01 93 0.01 21 0 37
Notes:
(3) flow velocity v = (K*i)/ne- - -Not Available
(ft/ft)Feet per feet
(ft/yr)Feet per year
(1) Hydraulic Conductivity was estimated from slug tests performed during this study. Please note that OW-1 and MW-17 were not tested due to lack of suffient
water column. The value from MW-17 used was from historical data.
(2) Effective porosity was estimated from soils collected within the saturated portion of screen interval during well construction, or estimated based on bedrock type
and fractures or similar soils.
Table 3
Groundwater Flow Data
Lincoln County Landfill Alternate Source Demonstration
S&ME Project No: 7235-14-019
June 2014 July 2014April 2014 May 2014
Well ID DTW TOC
(ft-bls)pH Temp (°C)Conductance
(μS)
MW-17 33.97 5.63 16.6 65
MW-17R 41.30 5.46 17.1 72
MW-28 43.49 5.28 16.8 32
MW-37 46.01 5.98 18.3 57
OW-1 37.78 6.03 16.7 135
OW-4A 43.74 5.86 16.9 22
OW-16 46.01 5.47 17.7 87
MW-17 33.58 5.08 17.7 54
MW-17R 41.16 4.86 19.1 57
MW-28 43.38 4.73 18.5 28
MW-37 45.81 5.47 20.6 26
OW-1 37.61 5.72 19.6 165
OW-4A 43.62 5.47 21.5 24
OW-16 40.50 4.90 19.1 93
MW-17 34.06 5.21 18.2 109
MW-17R 40.98 4.73 18.3 59
MW-28 43.38 4.69 20.2 28
MW-37 45.62 5.22 19.9 41
OW-1 37.50 5.90 19.2 240
OW-4A 43.96 5.17 18.8 22
OW-16 40.32 4.90 19.7 108
MW-17 34.90 5.64 16.9 93
MW-17R 41.22 5.37 17.9 57
MW-28 43.98 5.30 17.5 33
MW-37 45.65 5.88 19.5 31
OW-1 37.91 6.21 17.7 218
OW-4A 44.55 5.76 17.8 23
OW-16 43.50 5.47 18.2 119
Notes:
°C degrees celcius
μS micro siemems
DTW Depth to Water
TOC Top of Casing
ft-bls feet below land surface
Table 4
Field Parameters in Monitoring Wells
Lincoln County Landfill Alternate Source Demonstration
S&ME Project No. 7235-14-019
June, 2014
July, 2014
April, 2014
May, 2014
EPA Appendix I Volatile
Organic Compounds Method
8260 (ug/L)
NCDENR
SWSL
15A
NCAC
2L
Soild
Waste
GWP ST
MW-17 MW-17R MW-28 MW-37 OW-1 OW-4A OW-16
1,1-Dichloroethane 5 6 NE 1.2 J 5.7 0.71 J 4.1 J
1,2-Dichloroethane 1 0.4 NE 0.48 J 0.57 J
1,2-Dichlorobenzene 5 20 NE 1.0 J
1,4-Dichlorobenzene 1 6 NE 2.2 7.2
cis-1,2,-Dichloroethene 5 70 NE 2.6 J 0.88 J 13
Acetone 100 6000 NE 69 J 14 J 320 53 J
Benzene 1 1 NE 4.7 7.7
Methylene Chloride 1 5 NE 43 4.2 17
Tetrachloroethene 1 0.7 NE 1.2 0.69 J 6.6 1.8 5.4 4.8
Trichloroethene 1 3 NE 0.84 J 1.3 0.54 J 2.9
Trichlorofluoromethane 1 2000 NE 0.55 J 0.96 J 1.5
Vinyl chloride 1 0.03 NE 0.86 J
Xylenes (total)5 500 NE 12 0.50 J 33
EPA Appendix I Metals
Method 6010B/6020 (ug/L)
Arsenic 10 10 NE 7.59 J
Barium 100 700 NE 85.3 J 230 92.3 J 56.3 J 292 40.0 J 210
Beryllium 1 NE 4 0.342 J 1.08 0.210 J 0.841 J 0.467 J
Cadmium 1 2 NE 0.736 J
Chromium 10 10 NE 27.0 3.11 J 11.2 1.73 J
Cobalt 10 NE 70 26.7 26.7 4.10 J 1.34 J 61.5 1.34 J 18.7
Copper 10 1000 NE 12.1 14.0 15.5 1.75 J 1.72 J
Iron 300 300 NE 56.8 J
Lead 10 15 NE 5.69 J 14.6
Manganese 50 50 NE 87.8
Nickel 50 100 NE 30.7 J 19.7 J 5.67 J 3.49 J 168 2.58 J 19.8 J
Thallium 5.5 NE 0.28 0.513 J 0.112 J 0.619 J 0.690 J
Vanadium 25 NE 0.3 34.6 1.47 J 5.08 J 1.68 J
Zinc 10 1000 NE 11.0 47.5 9.04 J 5.38 J 57.9 4.29 J 19.5
Table 5
April 2014 - Summary of Detected Analytes
Lincoln County Landfill Alternate Source Demonstration
S&ME Project No. 7235-14-019
EPA Appendix I Volatile
Organic Compounds Method
8260 (ug/L)
NCDENR
SWSL
15A
NCAC
2L
Soild
Waste
GWP ST
MW-17 MW-17R MW-28 MW-37 OW-1 OW-4A OW-16
1,1-Dichloroethane 5 6 NE 0.87 J 5.1 0.60 J 3.5 J
1,2-Dichlorobenzene 5 20 NE 1.3 J
1,4-Dichlorobenzene 1 6 NE 2.5 7.4
cis-1,2,-Dichloroethene 5 70 NE 3.0 J 0.63 J 13
Acetone 100 6000 NE 46 J 210 80 J
Benzene 1 1 NE 4.8 6.8
Chlorobenzene 3 50 NE 0.51 J
Methylene Chloride 1 5 NE 41 10
Tetrachloroethene 1 0.7 NE 1.3 0.68 J 7.1 0.42 J 1.2 5.2 4.3
Trichloroethene 1 3 NE 0.70 J 1.2 3
Trichlorofluoromethane 1 2000 NE 0.60 J 0.82 J
Vinyl chloride 1 0.03 NE 0.43 J 0.44 J 0.87 J 0.83 J
Xylenes (total)5 500 NE 0.66 J 15 1.6 J 37
EPA Appendix I Metals
Method 6010B/6020 (ug/L)
Antimony 6 NE 1.4 1.14 J
Barium 100 700 NE 77.5 J 142 97.9 J 56.3 J 363 59.3 J 186
Beryllium 1 NE 4 0.377 J 0.394 J 0.196 J 1.81 0.401 J
Chromium 10 10 NE 5.25 J 5.06 J 17.8 9.80 J 4.50 J
Cobalt 10 NE 70 24.4 16.0 4.05 J 1.57 J 69.8 1.77 J 20.4
Copper 10 1000 NE 12.6 2.46 J 1.91 J 13.7 3.54 J 3.31 J
Lead 10 15 NE 29.3
Nickel 50 100 NE 26.8 J 7.50 J 4.15 J 2.22 J 180 3.88 J 21.1 J
Selenium 10 20 NE 1.87 J
Thallium 5.5 NE 0.28 0.195 J 0.115 J 0.702 J 0.619 J
Vanadium 25 NE 0.3 6.16 J 2.40 J 10.1 J 5.05 J 3.45 J
Zinc 10 1000 NE 10.5 26.9 9.22 J 6.61 J 77.4 11.0 23.5
Table 6
May 2014 - Summary of Detected Analytes
Lincoln County Landfill Alternate Source Demonstration
S&ME Project No. 7235-14-019
EPA Appendix I Volatile
Organic Compounds Method
8260 (ug/L)
NCDENR
SWSL
15A
NCAC
2L
Soild
Waste
GWP ST
MW-17 MW-17R MW-28 MW-37 OW-1 OW-4A OW-16
1,1-Dichloroethane 5 6 NE 2.5 J 6.0 1.3 J 4.2 J
1,2-Dichlorobenzene 5 20 NE 1.9 J
1,4-Dichlorobenzene 1 6 NE 3.0 0.56 J 9.2
cis-1,2,-Dichloroethene 5 70 NE 3.0 J 1.5 J 14
Acetone 100 6000 NE 55 J 7.0 J 170 31 J
Benzene 1 1 NE 0.46 J 5.0 8.5
Chlorobenzene 3 50 NE 0.71 J
Methylene Chloride 1 5 NE 52 5.8 11
Tetrachloroethene 1 0.7 NE 2.2 0.87 J 8.4 0.93 J 1.8 9.3 4.8
Trichloroethene 1 3 NE 1.5 1.4 0.49 J 0.53 J 3.6
Trichlorofluoromethane 1 2000 NE 0.51 J 1.4 1.1
Vinyl chloride 1 0.03 NE 0.72 J 1.1 0.76 J 1.4
Xylenes (total)5 500 NE 15 4.9 J 48
EPA Appendix I Metals
Method 6010B/6020 (ug/L)
Antimony 6 NE 1.4 0.325 J 0.419 J 0.518 J
Arsenic 10 10 NE 6.64 J
Barium 100 700 NE 62.7 J 152 91.9 J 53.1 J 380 43.0 J 159
Beryllium 1 NE 4 0.282 J 0.544 J 0.207 J 0.102 J 1.45 0.426 J
Chromium 10 10 NE 8.40 J 4.76 J 58.2 4.94 J
Cobalt 10 NE 70 45.9 15.5 3.34 J 1.79 J 69.6 1.77 J 26.6
Copper 10 1000 NE 10.7 3.89 J 13.5 2.17 J
Lead 10 15 NE 2.26 J 31.8 2.69 J
Nickel 50 100 NE 51.1 8.46 J 3.39 J 2.06 J 181 27.7 J
Thallium 5.5 NE 0.28 0.315 J 0.166 J 0.890 J 0.590 J
Vanadium 25 NE 0.3 10.5 J 2.17 J 29.1 3.87 J
Zinc 10 1000 NE 12.2 23.6 9.08 J 5.85 J 102 5.28 J 24.1
Table 7
June 2014 - Summary of Detected Analytes
Lincoln County Landfill Alternate Source Demonstration
S&ME Project No. 7235-14-019
EPA Appendix I Volatile
Organic Compounds Method
8260 (ug/L)
NCDENR
SWSL
15A
NCAC
2L
Soild
Waste
GWP ST
MW-17 MW-17R MW-28 MW-37 OW-1 OW-4A OW-16
1,1-Dichloroethane 5 6 NE 2.6 J 5.7 1.1 J 4.1 J
1,2-Dichloroethane 1 0.4 NE 0.48 J 0.69 J
1,2-Dichlorobenzene 5 20 NE 2.8 J
1,4-Dichlorobenzene 1 6 NE 3.1 11
cis-1,2,-Dichloroethene 5 70 NE 3.2 J 0.66 J 17
Acetone 100 6000 NE 42 J 56 J 63 J 29 J
Benzene 1 1 NE 0.69 J 5.8 10
Chlorobenzene 3 50 NE 0.85 J
Chloroethane 10 3000 NE 0.88 J 1.3 J
Methylene Chloride 1 5 NE 48 3.0 2.3
Tetrachloroethene 1 0.7 NE 2.2 0.63 J 0.99 J 0.44 J 0.44 J 5.6 4.2
Toluene 1 600 NE 0.52 J
Trichloroethene 1 3 NE 1.7 1.3 3.5
Vinyl chloride 1 0.03 NE 0.90 J 0.68 J 1.5
Xylenes (total)5 500 NE 14 1.7 J 62
EPA Appendix I Metals
Method 6010B/6020 (ug/L)
Antimony 6 NE 1.4 0.618 J 0.291 J 0.842 J
Arsenic 10 10 NE 6.88 J
Barium 100 700 NE 81.7 J 263 96.1 J 94.1 J 1070 66.2 J 286
Beryllium 1 NE 4 0.451 J 1.91 0.268 J 0.184 J 3.74 0.171 J 0.703 J
Chromium 10 10 NE 45.1 14.8 226 5.23 J 46.6
Cobalt 10 NE 70 41.8 30.6 3.16 J 3.04 J 75.2 2.17 J 42.7
Copper 10 1000 NE 6.62 J 21.2 2.54 J 39.8 2.59 J 11.7
Lead 10 15 NE 9.65 J 71.0 15.6
Nickel 50 100 NE 44.6 J 26.3 J 3.42 J 6.11 J 278 3.86 J 59.6
Thallium 5.5 NE 0.28 0.683 J 0.119 J 2.81 JD 0.112 J 1.11 J
Vanadium 25 NE 0.3 58.1 9.96 J 126 4.72 J 33.2
Zinc 10 1000 NE 14.1 69.1 10.3 18.6 281 10.5 75.5
Table 8
July 2014 - Summary of Detected Analytes
Lincoln County Landfill Alternate Source Demonstration
S&ME Project No. 7235-14-019
Appendix III – Boring Logs and Well Construction Records
Appendix IV – Soil Porosity Calculations
Appendix V – Slug Test Data Sheets
Appendix VI – Field Well Sampling Logs and Analytical Data
Reports
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID MW-17
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 4/15/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 12:21 5.59 17.0
0.40 12:22 5.63 16.8
0.80 12:23 5.64 16.7
Final Dry at 1.0 gal 12:25 5.63 16.6
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 500 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
75
Approx. 55°F, rainy, windy
TOC 0.41
33.97
36.50
2.53
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
72
HCL
HNO3
ENCO
68
65
4/16/2014
10:40
disposable teflon bailer
Clear
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID MW-28
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 4/15/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 16:14 5.28 16.5
1.8 16:18 5.28 16.7
3.6 16:22 5.28 16.8
Final 5.4 16:26 5.28 16.8
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs & THF (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals + Hg, Mn, Fe (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
43.49
Approx. 55°F, rainy, windy
TOC 1.8
Clear
54.50
11.11
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
40
37
34
32
4/16/2014
11:35
disposable teflon bailer
ENCO
HCL
HNO3
Alkalinity/TDS/
Chloride/Sulfate (1) 250 mL plastic bottle None
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID OW-1
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 4/15/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 15:42 5.99 16.8
Dry at 0.5 gal 15:44 6.03 16.7
Final
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
135
Approx. 55°F, rainy, windy
TOC 0.36
37.78
40.00
2.22
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
162
HCL
HNO3
Needs a lock, white floating material in water (similar to MW-29)
ENCO
4/16/2014
11:50
disposable teflon bailer
Slightly turbid
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID OW-4A
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 4/15/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 16:15 5.83 15.8
4.5 16:19 5.79 16.7
7.0 16:23 6.00 16.5
Final 9.0 16:27 5.86 16.9
*Dry at 7 gal, let recharge, reading taken at 9 gal (recharge was very slow)
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
24
Approx. 55°F, rainy, windy
TOC 4.47
43.74
71.00
27.26
Electric Water Level Probe
Field-Cleaned Typhoon Pump
22
HCL
HNO3
Needs a lock
ENCO
24
22
4/16/2014
11:30
disposable teflon bailer
Clear
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID OW-16
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 4/15/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 16:35 5.40 17.3
0.7 16:37 5.42 17.8
1.4 16:41 5.43 17.7
Final 2.1 16:43 5.47 17.7
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
80
Approx. 55°F, rainy, windy
TOC 0.72
40.61
45.00
4.39
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
75
HCL
HNO3
Needs a lock
ENCO
81
87
4/16/2014
11:45
disposable teflon bailer
Clear
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID MW-17R
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 4/15/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 14:56 5.50 17.0
1.7 15.:00 5.52 17.1
3.4 15:04 5.47 17.0
Final 5.1 15:08 5.46 17.1
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
79
Approx. 55°F, rainy, windy
TOC 1.7
41.30
51.90
10.60
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
70
HCL
HNO3
Needs a lock
ENCO
74
72
4/16/2014
10:20
disposable teflon bailer
Slightly turbid
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID MW-37
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 4/15/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 12:05 5.71 18.5
2.1 12:08 5.80 18.5
4.2 12:12 5.88 18.4
Final 6.3 12:14 5.98 18.3
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
75
Approx. 55°F, rainy, windy
TOC 2.1
46.01
59.00
12.99
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
66
HCL
HNO3
ENCO
70
57
4/16/2014
10:15
disposable teflon bailer
Clear
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill C&D Assessment
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID MW-17
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 5/12/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 9:30 5.20 18.6
0.50 9:32 5.11 18.1
1.00 9:34 5.08 18.0
Final 1.50 9:36 5.08 17.7
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 500 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
71
Sunny, approx. 85°F
TOC 0.48
33.58
36.50
2.92
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
69
HCL
HNO3
ENCO
65
54
5/12/2014
11:55
disposable teflon bailer
Clear
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill C&D Assessment
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID MW-28
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 4/15/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 10:31 4.66 19.3
1.8 10:33 4.68 18.8
3.6 10:35 4.71 19.2
Final 5.4 10:37 4.73 18.5
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs & THF (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals + Hg, Mn, Fe (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
43.38
Sunny, approx. 85°F
TOC 1.8
Clear
54.50
11.12
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
33
37
26
28
5/12/2014
12:15
disposable teflon bailer
ENCO
HCL
HNO3
Alkalinity/TDS/
Chloride/Sulfate (1) 250 mL plastic bottle None
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill C&D Assessment
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID OW-1
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 4/15/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 11:50 5.71 19.7
0.4 11:51 5.72 19.6
0.8
Final 1.5
*Dry at 0.5 gal
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
165
Sunny, approx. 85°F
TOC 0.39
37.61
40.00
2.39
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
183
HCL
HNO3
ENCO
5/12/2014
12:30
disposable teflon bailer
Turbid
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill C&D Assessment
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID OW-4A
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 5/12/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 10:29 5.32 22.2
4.5 10:38 5.37 19.2
9.0 10:59 5.41 20.9
Final 13.5 11:29 5.47 21.5
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
21
Sunny, approx. 85°F
TOC 4.50
43.62
71.00
27.38
Electric Water Level Probe
Field-Cleaned Typhoon Pump
26
HCL
HNO3
ENCO
22
24
5/12/2014
11:30
disposable teflon bailer
Clear
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill C&D Assessment
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID OW-16
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 5/12/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 11:05 4.85 20.9
0.7 11:07 4.85 19.7
1.4 11:09 4.89 19.7
Final 2.1 11:11 4.90 19.1
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
90
Sunny, approx. 85°F
TOC 0.74
40.50
45.00
4.50
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
75
HCL
HNO3
ENCO
87
93
5/12/2014
12:25
disposable teflon bailer
Clear
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill C&D Assessment
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID MW-17R
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 5/12/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 9:43 4.87 19.5
1.8 9:47 4.84 19.5
3.6 9:51 4.89 19.7
Final 5.4 9:55 4.86 19.1
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
58
Sunny, approx. 85°F
TOC 1.8
41.16
51.90
10.74
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
64
HCL
HNO3
ENCO
52
57
5/12/2014
12:05
disposable teflon bailer
Slightly turbid
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill C&D Assessment
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID MW-37
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 5/12/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 10:00 5.15 20.0
2.2 10:08 5.16 21.2
4.4 10:13 5.31 20.5
Final 6.6 10:18 5.47 20.6
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
43
Sunny, approx. 85°F
TOC 2.16
45.81
59.00
13.19
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
29
HCL
HNO3
ENCO
47
26
5/12/2014
12:10
disposable teflon bailer
Clear
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID MW-17
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 6/16/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 10:43 5.95 19.8
0.40 10:44 5.35 18.6
0.80 10:45 5.21 18.2
Final 1.20
* Dry at 0.8 gallons
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 500 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
112
Approx. 85°F, sunny/partly cloudy
TOC 0.40
34.06
36.50
2.44
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
75
HCL
HNO3
ENCO
109
6/16/2014
13:25
disposable teflon bailer
Clear
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID MW-28
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 6/16/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 11:28 4.58 19.1
1.8 11:30 4.64 19.0
3.6 11:33 4.68 18.8
Final 5.4 11:36 4.69 20.2
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs & THF (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals + Hg, Mn, Fe (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
43.38
Approx. 85°F, sunny/partly cloudy
TOC 1.8
Clear
54.50
11.12
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
33
31
29
28
6/16/2014
14:05
disposable teflon bailer
ENCO
HCL
HNO3
Alkalinity/TDS/
Chloride/Sulfate (1) 250 mL plastic bottle None
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID OW-1
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 6/16/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 12:02 5.79 20.4
0.4 12:04 5.90 19.2
Dry at 0.4 gal
Final
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
240
Approx. 85°F, sunny/partly cloudy
TOC 0.40
37.50
40.00
2.44
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
246
HCL
HNO3
white floating material in water
ENCO
6/16/2014
13:45
disposable teflon bailer
Slightly turbid
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID OW-4A
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 6/16/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 11:25 5.17 20.4
4.4 11:28 5.18 19.3
8.8 11:32 5.24 19.1
Final 13.2 11:36 5.17 18.8
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
20
Approx. 85°F, sunny/partly cloudy
TOC 4.40
43.96
71.00
27.04
Electric Water Level Probe
Field-Cleaned Typhoon Pump
21
HCL
HNO3
ENCO
20
22
6/16/2014
14:00
disposable teflon bailer
Clear
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID OW-16
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 6/16/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 11:52 5.12 21.8
0.8 11:54 4.87 19.9
1.6 11:56 4.84 19.6
Final 2.4 11:58 4.90 19.7
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
107
Approx. 85°F, sunny/partly cloudy
TOC 0.80
40.32
45.00
4.68
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
110
HCL
HNO3
ENCO
102
108
6/16/2014
13:50
disposable teflon bailer
Clear
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID MW-17R
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 6/16/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 10:05 4.83 19.0
1.8 10:55 4.75 18.7
3.6 10:57 4.74 18.2
Final 5.4 10:59 4.73 18.3
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
54
Approx. 85°F, sunny/partly cloudy
TOC 1.8
40.98
51.90
10.92
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
60
HCL
HNO3
ENCO
52
59
6/16/2014
13:30
disposable teflon bailer
Clear
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID MW-37
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 6/16/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 11:05 5.15 19.7
2.2 11:08 5.09 20.3
4.4 11:11 5.13 20.0
Final 6.6 11:14 5.22 19.9
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
32
Approx. 85°F, sunny/partly cloudy
TOC 2.2
45.62
59.00
13.38
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
35
HCL
HNO3
ENCO
35
41
6/16/2014
13:40
disposable teflon bailer
Clear
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID MW-17
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 7/16/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 11:25 5.73 17.8
0.30 11:27 5.65 17.2
0.5* 11:29 5.64 16.9
Final
* Dry at 0.5 gallons
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 500 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
97
Partly cloudy/approx. 80°F
TOC 0.26
34.90
36.50
1.60
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
111
HCL
HNO3
ENCO
93
7/16/2014
11:40
disposable teflon bailer
Clear
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID MW-28
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 7/16/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 9:40 5.31 18.6
1.7 9:43 5.32 17.8
3.4 9:46 5.31 17.5
Final 5.1 9:49 5.30 17.5
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs & THF (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals + Hg, Mn, Fe (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
43.98
Partly cloudy/approx. 80°F
TOC 1.7
Clear
54.50
10.52
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
32
31
31
33
7/16/2014
10:25
disposable teflon bailer
ENCO
HCL
HNO3
Alkalinity/TDS/
Chloride/Sulfate (1) 250 mL plastic bottle None
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID OW-1
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 7/16/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 11:15 6.15 17.7
0.3* 11:16 6.21 17.7
0.6
Final 0.9
* Dry at 0.3 gallons
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
218
Partly cloudy/approx. 80°F
TOC 0.30
37.91
40.00
2.09
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
227
HCL
HNO3
ENCO
7/16/2014
11:30
disposable teflon bailer
Moderately turbid
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID OW-4A
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 7/16/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 9:45 5.73 18.0
4.8 9:50 5.76 17.8
Final
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
23
Partly cloudy/approx. 80°F
TOC 4.80
44.55
~74
29.45
Electric Water Level Probe
Field-Cleaned Typhoon Pump
21
HCL
HNO3
ENCO
7/16/2014
10:40
disposable teflon bailer
Clear
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID OW-16
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 7/16/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 10:55 5.31 18.9
0.7 10:57 5.41 18.6
1.4 10:59 5.46 18.5
Final 2.1 11:01 5.47 18.2
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
115
Partly cloudy/approx. 80°F
TOC 0.70
43.50
48.00
4.50
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
112
HCL
HNO3
ENCO
115
119
7/16/2014
11:05
disposable teflon bailer
Slightly turbid/mica visible
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID MW-17R
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 7/16/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 13:45 5.36 18.4
1.6 13:46 5.38 17.8
3.2 13:47 5.37 17.6
Final 4.8 13:49 5.37 17.9
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
58
Partly cloudy/approx. 80°F
TOC 1.6
41.22
51.90
9.78
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
57
HCL
HNO3
ENCO
47
57
7/16/2014
13:50
disposable teflon bailer
Heavily turbid
Project Name: Lincoln County Landfill
Project Location: Crouse, North Carolina
Project Number: 7235-14-019
Well ID MW-37
Sampling Personnel (1) Jasmine Tayouga (2) Courtney Murphy
Weather Conditions
Unusual Site Conditions
Water Level Data
Measuring Point Location Well Casing Volume
Depth to Water (ft)
Depth to Base of Well (ft) (well casing volume = water column*0.164)
Water Column (ft)
Equipment Used to Measure Depths
Well Purging Data
Date 7/16/2014 Purging Equipment
Total Voume (Gal) Time pH Temp (C)Conductance (µS)
Initial 0 13:51 5.55 19.2
2.0 13:53 5.60 19.6
4.0 13:55 5.72 19.8
Final 6.0 13:57 5.88 19.5
Well Sampling Data
Sampling Date
Sampling Time
Sampling Equipment
Sample Observations
Analytical Data
Method Container Type and No. Preservation
Appendix I VOCs (3) 40 mL glass vials
Appendix I Metals (1) 250 mL plastic bottle
Comments
Lab
37
Partly cloudy/approx. 80°F
TOC 2.0
45.65
59.00
12.35
Electric Water Level Probe
Disposable Teflon Bailer
24
HCL
HNO3
ENCO
39
31
7/16/2014
14:00
disposable teflon bailer
Clear
Appendix VII – Historical Tetrachloroethene Concentrations