3402_HanesMill_MSWLF_LeachateReleaseResults_DIN26606_20160810

Golder Associates NC, Inc. 5B Oak Branch Drive Greensboro, NC. 27407 USA Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone] www.golder.com Engineering Lic. No. C-2862/Geology Lic. No. C-399 Golder, Golder Associates and the GA globe design are trademarks of Golder Associates Corporation
August 10, 2016 0939-668716.300
Ms. Jackie Drummond, Hydrogeologist
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality Division of Waste Management - Solid Waste Section
2090 US Highway 70 Swannanoa, NC 28778
828-296-4706
RE: SOIL AND SURFACE WATER SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS REPORT
HANES MILL ROAD LANDFILL, PERMIT NO. 34-02
WINSTON-SALEM, NORTH CAROLINA
Dear Jackie:
On behalf of the Winston-Salem/Forsyth County City/County Utilities Commission (CCUC), Golder Associates NC, Inc. (Golder) is submitting this summary of soil sampling results related to a leachate
release at the Hanes Mill Road Landfill that occurred over the Fourth of July holiday weekend. Heavy rains resulted in waste being washed outside the lined landfill and into Sediment Basin 3, a sediment trap,
and a grassy area north of Sediment Basin 3. The North Carolina (NC) Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) was notified of the release on July 5, 2016. The CCUC pumped and transferred the water
from the sediment trap and Sediment Basin 3 to the facility’s leachate system. Afterwards, the sediment trap and Sediment Basin 3 were mucked and the material removed was disposed of in the landfill. At the
conclusion of the mucking of the sediment trap and sediment basin, Golder personnel visited the facility on July 19, 2016, to collect soil and surface water samples.
As proposed in the Sampling Plan, which was approved to the NC DEQ on July 11, 2016, five soil samples and two surface water samples were collected at the locations shown on the attached Soil and
Surface Water Sampling Location Map (Figure 2). Soil samples were collected from the bottom of the sediment trap and Sediment Basin 3, the grassy area north of Sediment Basin 3, and along the pathway
water flowed between the sediment trap and Sediment Basin 3. A background soil sample was also collected southwest of the area of disturbance to provide background data. The soil samples were
collected using a hand auger. The samples were shipped to Environmental Conservation Laboratories (ENCO) of Cary, NC under chain-of-custody control. Soil samples were analyzed for the NC Appendix I
metals and volatile organic constituents (VOCs) and pH. The analytical results are summarized in Table 1 and the laboratory report, which are included as attachments.
The surface water samples were collected from Grassy Creek, upstream and downstream into which Sediment Bain 3 discharges. The samples were shipped to ENCO and analyzed for NC Appendix I
VOCs and metals, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, and chloride. Specific conductance, pH, temperature, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, and oxygen reduction potential were
measured in the field. The analytical results are summarized in Table 2 and the laboratory report, which are included as attachments.
Soil sample results were compared to the NC DEQ Inactive Hazardous Sites Branch, Preliminary Soil Remediation Goals Table’s Preliminary Residential Health-Based Remediation Goals, Preliminary
Industrial Health-Based Remediation Goals, and Protection of Groundwater Soil Remediation Goals (Table 1). Cobalt was detected at quantifiable concentrations above the Preliminary Residential Health-
Based Remediation Goal and the Protection of Groundwater Soil Remediation Goal in all five samples. Selenium was detected quantifiable concentrations above the Protection of Groundwater Soil
Remediation Goal in the background and grassy area samples. Selenium was also detected at an estimated concentration above the Protection of Groundwater Soil Remediation Goal in the flow path
sample. Thallium was detected at quantifiable concentrations above the Preliminary Residential Health-Based Remediation Goal, Preliminary Industrial Health-Based Remediation Goal, and the Protection of
Ms. Jackie Drummond, Hydrogeologist August 10, 2016
NC DEQ DWM, Solid Waste Section 2 0939-668716.300

Groundwater Soil Remediation Goal in all five samples. Vanadium was detected at quantifiable concentrations above the Protection of Groundwater Soil Remediation Goal in all five samples.
Vanadium was also reported above the Preliminary Residential Health-Based Remediation Goal in all of the samples except the sediment trap sample.
As presented, cobalt, selenium, thallium, and vanadium were detected in the background sample at concentrations similar to those reported from samples collected from the impacted area. Therefore, the
detections of cobalt, selenium, thallium, and vanadium are considered naturally occurring, and no further action is recommended. To further support this contention, data presented in the November 2003 U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) document “Guidance for Developing Ecological Soil Screening Levels” indicate that mean metals concentrations in NC soils are consistent with the types and
concentrations detected in the soil samples from the site, where data are available. This document presents mean soil metal background concentrations for each state including NC in milligrams per
kilogram (mg/kg); the NC values for cobalt, selenium, and vanadium are presented below for reference (thallium is not available):
Constituent Units
Mean Soil
Metal
Concentrations
in NC
Background Sediment
Trap
Flow
Path
Sediment
Basin 3
Grassy
Area
Cobalt mg/kg 15.0 14.7 13.0 45.2 19.5 19.7
Selenium mg/kg 0.4 6.70 ND 6.13 J ND 6.53
Thallium mg/kg -- 46.4 16.6 30.2 34.2 36.8
Vanadium mg/kg 107 156 62.2 145 104 132
Notes: J = estimated concentration below the laboratory method reporting limit ND = not detected above the laboratory detection limit --- = data not available
Based on the background soil metals data, the metals concentrations reported in soil samples from the
Hanes Mill Road Landfill are generally within mean natural background concentrations for soil, which supports the contention that the metals are naturally occurring. Although some of the concentrations in
site soil samples are higher, this is expected due to the large range of anticipated concentrations and site-specific geologic and hydrogeologic factors that would impact concentrations. This is additionally
supported by historical detections of cobalt and vanadium in samples from surface water monitoring points and groundwater monitoring wells at the facility during the semi-annual water quality monitoring
events.
As presented, two NC Appendix I VOCs were detected in one or more soil samples at quantifiable
concentrations that are below their respective Preliminary Residential and Industrial Health-Based Remediation Goals and Protection of Groundwater Soil Remediation Goals. Acetone was detected at a
quantifiable concentration in the sample from Sediment Basin 3 and at an estimated concentration in the sample from the sediment trap. Methylene chloride was detected in the sediment trap and Sediment
Basin 3 samples at quantifiable concentrations. Acetone and methylene chloride are common laboratory contaminants and the detections may be unrelated to site conditions.
The detections of VOCs in the sediment trap and Sediment Basin 3 samples are not clearly related to the leachate release. The low-level VOCs may be attributable to sources other than the leachate release.
Because these concentrations are relatively low and well below the Preliminary Residential and Industrial Health-Based Remediation Goals and the Protection of Groundwater Soil Remediation Goals, no further
action is recommended.
Surface water samples were compared to the NC DEQ Freshwater Aquatic Life Acute and Chronic
Standards (Table 2). There were no detections that exceeded the standards in either the upstream or downstream samples. Further, barium was the only NC Appendix I constituent detected at quantifiable
concentrations. Indicator parameters and field parameters do not show significant variations between the
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FIGURE
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2015-08-03
MAK
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RPK
HANES MILL ROAD LANDFILL
PERMIT NO. 34-02
FORSYTH COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
WINSTON SALEM / FORSYTH COUNTY CITY /
COUNTY UTILITIES COMMISSION
SITE LOCATION MAP
VICINITY MAP LEGEND
NOTES
EXISTING 10-FOOT GROUND SURFACE CONTOUR
EXISTING 2-FOOT GROUND SURFACE CONTOUR
EXISTING ROAD
MONITORING WELL AND IDENTIFICATION
APPROXIMATE LIMITS OF WASTE
SURFACE WATER MONITORING POINT
METHANE MONITORING POINT
PROPERTY LINE
1. TOPOGRAPHIC CONTOUR INTERVAL = 2 FEET
2. GROUNDWATER SURFACE CONTOUR INTERVAL = 10 FEET
3. GROUNDWATER ELEVATIONS MEASURED ON SEPTEMBER 14, 2015.
4. GROUNDWATER CONTOURS BASED ON LINEAR INTERPOLATION BETWEEN AND EXTRAPOLATION
FROM KNOWN DATA, TOPOGRAPHIC CONTOURS, AND KNOWN FIELD CONDITIONS. THEREFORE,
GROUNDWATER CONTOURS MAY NOT REFLECT ACTUAL CONDITIONS.
5. GROUNDWATER CONTOUR LINES SHOW THE WATER TABLE SHAPE AND ELEVATION. THESE
CONTOURS ARE INFERRED LINES FOLLOWING THE GROUNDWATER SURFACE AT A CONSTANT
ELEVATION ABOVE SEA LEVEL. THE GROUNDWATER FLOW DIRECTION IS GENERALLY
PERPENDICULAR TO THE GROUNDWATER SURFACE CONTOURS, SIMILAR TO THE RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN SURFACE WATER FLOW AND TOPOGRAPHIC CONTOURS.
6. BASE MAP PROVIDED BY BRADY SURVEYING COMPANY BASED ON JANUARY 4, 2013 AERIAL SURVEY.
7. COORDINATE SYSTEM IS N.C. STATE PLANE GRID.
SW-1
H
NM NOT MEASURED
GOLDER ASSOCIATES NC, INC.
POTENTIALLY IMPACTED AREA
POTENTIALLY IMACTED AREA
PG C-399
ACTIVE SUBTITLE D LANDFILLS
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IF THIS MEASUREMENT DOES NOT MATCH WHAT IS SHOWN, THE SHEET SIZE HAS BEEN MODIFIED FROM: ANSI B
Path: ---- | File Name: 0939668716E003.dwg
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August 2016 1 of 1 0939668716.300
G:\Projects\Winston-Salem-Forsyth County\2016 Leachate Release Response\Hanes Soil Summary Table.xlsx
Barium mg/kg dry 3000 44000 580 148 187 130 175 194 NDChromium mg/kg dry 24000 1000000 360000 49.2 40.4 22.2 54.9 40.0 NDCobalt mg/kg dry 4.6 70 0.9 14.7 13.0 45.2 19.5 19.7 NDCopper mg/kg dry 620 9400 700 31.3 9.41 45.8 20.1 40.5 NDLead mg/kg dry 400 800 270 8.98 8.25 13.6 12.5 11.0 NDNickelmg/kg dry 300 4400 130 19.5 J 16.0 J 12.1 J 17.2 J 14.9 J NDSeleniummg/kg dry 78 1200 2.1 6.70 ND 6.13 J ND 6.53 NDSilvermg/kg dry 78 1200 3.4 2.91 J 1.47 J 3.19 J 2.33 J 2.36 J NDThalliummg/kg dry 0.16 2.4 0.28 46.4*16.6*30.2*34.2*36.8*NDVanadiummg/kg dry 78 1160 6.0 156 62.2 145 104 132 ND
Zinc mg/kg dry 4600 70000 1200 35.9 78.0 47.3 47.2 65.1 1.46 J
Acetone mg/kg dry 12000 100000 24 ND 0.016 J ND 0.056 ND ND
Methylene Chloride mg/kg dry 57 640 0.023 ND 0.003 ND 0.006 ND ND
pH S.U.------4.8 7.7 4.9 6.4 6.7 --
Notes:mg/kg = milligrams per kilogram
ND = not detected above laboratory method detection limit
J = estimated concentration below the laboratory method reporting limit
B =blank qualified
-- =no data available
S.U. =Standard Units
Blanks =method blanks
Bold =concentration exceeds Preliminary Residential Health-Based Remediation Goal
Highlighted =concentration exceeds Protection of Groundwater Soil Remediation Goal* =concentration exceeds Preliminary Industial Health-Based Remediation Goal1)Preliminary Residential and Industrial Health-Based Remediation Goals and Protection of Groundwater Soil Remediation Goals are from the Inactive Hazardous Sites Branch Preliminary Soil Remediation Goals Table, February 2013.
PRELIMINARY
INDUSTRIAL
HEALTH-BASED
REMEDIATION GOALS
TABLE 1
Summary of Detected Constituents in Soil SamplesHanes Mill Road Landfill, Permit No. 34-02
PARAMETER UNITS
PRELIMINARY
RESIDENTIAL
HEALTH-BASED
REMEDIATION GOALS
PROTECTION OF
GROUNDWATER
SOIL
REMEDIATION GOALS BLANKSSEDIMENT BASIN 3 GRASSYAREABACKGROUNDSEDIMENTTRAPFLOWPATH
August 2016 1 of 1 0939668716.300
G:\Projects\Winston-Salem-Forsyth County\2016 Leachate Release Response\Hanes Soil Summary Table.xlsx
Antimony ug/L 6 ----ND 0.286 J ND
Barium ug/L 100 ----59.2 60.4 ND
Vanadium ug/L 25 ----ND 1.70 J ND
Chemical Oxygen Demand mg/L ------14.0 ND ND
Chloride mg/L --230 230 7.9 8.2 ND
pH S.U.--6.0-9.0 6.0-9.0 6.76 6.94 --
Specific Conductance uS/cm ------124 125 --
Temperature °C ------22.5 22.6 --
Turbidity NTU --50 25 11.2 12.5 --
Dissolved Oxygen mg/L -->/=5.0 >/=5.0 6.03 6.12 --
Oxygen Reduction Potential mV ------220.5 212.0 --
Notes:ug/L =micrograms per liter
mg/L =milligrams per liter
S.U. =Standard Units
NTU =nephelometric turbidity units
oC =degrees Celsius
uS/cm=microsiemens per centimeter
mV =millivolts
ND = not detected above laboratory method detection limit
J = estimated concentration below the laboratory method reporting limit
B =blank qualified
-- =no data available
Blanks =method blanks
>/= =concentration must be equal to or greater than the provided limit to be in compliance
Bold =concentration exceeds Freshwater Aquatic Life Acute Standard
Highlighted =concentration exceeds Freshwater Aquatic Chronic Standard
BLANKS
TABLE 2
Summary of Detected Constituents in Surface Water Samples
Hanes Mill Road Landfill, Permit No. 34-02
PARAMETER UNITS
FRESHWATER
AQUATIC LIFE
ACUTE
STANDARD
FRESHWATER
AQUATIC LIFE
CHRONIC
STANDARD UPSTREAM DOWNSTREAM
SOLID WASTE
SECTION
REPORTING
LIMITS
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Page 1 of 1
GOLDER ASSOCIATES NC, INC.
QUALITY ASSURANCE & QUALITY CONTROL
LABORATORY DATA REVIEW
Page 1 of 4

Project Name: Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Leachate Release Sampling
Project Reference Number: 0939-668716.300
Sampling Event Date: July 19, 2016
Review Date: August 9, 2016 Initials: DR
Report #: CZ10232
Person(s) performing the review are to initial each item on this form as acknowledgement
of data acceptance, or as acknowledgement of a review issue. In the case of the latter, a
brief explanation should follow the applicable item.

Golder Associates Inc. has reviewed the laboratory certificates of analysis, chain-of-custody form, and laboratory provided sample group quality assurance and quality control data for the above referenced sample group to identify potential bias or inaccuracy, in general accordance
with the following United States Environmental Protection Agency documents:
 Region III Modifications to Functional Guidelines for Organic Data Review Multi-Media, Multi-Concentration, September 1994;
 Region III Modifications to the Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for
Evaluating Inorganic Analyses, April 1993; and
 Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses, July
1998.
COMPLIANCE ANALYTE LIST(S) (check all that apply)
NC Closed Facility/C & D List
X NC Appendix I
NC Appendix I + Detects
NC Appendix II
NC Subtitle D Leachate List
Other: pH for soil; BOD, COD, and chloride for surface water

1.0 CHAIN OF CUSTODY (COC) REVIEW

DR COC was properly signed by all parties.
DR Correct project name and number are on the form.
DR Sample receipt condition at laboratory was acceptable.
DR Each sample and blank submitted for analysis appears in the report.

2.0 SAMPLE HOLDING TIMES
DR Holding times for extraction and/or analysis were met for each analytical Method (see below for reference).

 The determination of pH is considered a field parameter, and as such, has a holding time
of approximately 15 minutes. As this time passed prior to receipt by ENCO, the
GOLDER ASSOCIATES NC, INC.
QUALITY ASSURANCE & QUALITY CONTROL
LABORATORY DATA REVIEW
Page 2 of 4

determination was conducted outside of hold time, and the results are appropriately
qualified (Q-flagged).
Review Criteria
Method Analytes Holding Time
SW-846 Method 8260 and 8011 VOCs 14 days
SW-846 Methods 8270, 8080,
8081, 8082, and 8151
SVOCs, PCBs,
pesticides and herbicides
7 days for extraction, 40 days
from extraction for analysis
SW-846 Methods 6000 and 7000
Series
Metals except mercury 6 months (no temperature
requirements)
SW-846 Method 7470 Mercury 28 days
SW-846 Method 376.1 Sulfide 7 days
SW-846 Method 9010 Cyanide 14 days
EPA Method 300 Nitrate/Sulfate 48 hours/28 days
EPA Method 405.1 BOD 48 hours
EPA Method 410.4 COD 28 days
EPA Method 365.4 Phosphorous 28 days

3.0 LABORATORY QUALITY CONTROL REVIEW
DR Laboratory analyzed at least one internal blank for each method, where applicable.
DR Laboratory blank is interference-free.
 Zinc was detected in the metals Method Blank. The reported results should be considered
to have a possible high bias
DR Surrogate recoveries are provided for each analytical method, where applicable.
DR Surrogate recoveries for each method are within the acceptable limits (i.e., at least
50% of the surrogates were within range).
DR MS/MSD/LCS data results are provided for each analytical method.
DR MS/MSD/LCS recoveries for each method are within the acceptable limits (i.e., at
least 1 of the 3 were within range).
 The spike recoveries of Antimony, Arsenic, Barium, Beryllium, Cadmium, Chromium,
Cobalt, Copper, Selenium, Vanadium, and Zinc were outside of control limits for the 6010D
MS, MSD, and/or Post Spike samples, and precision between duplicate spikes of Beryllium
and Cobalt exceeded acceptance criteria. The QC batch was approved based on
acceptable LCS recovery of these elements.
4.0 ANALYTE LISTS/METHODS DR The proper number of constituents are present for each analyte list as identified
above (including detects where applicable).
DR Proper EPA SW-846 analytical methods were used for analysis.

5.0 DATA REPORTING

DR All analytical reporting associated with the event was performed by the contracted lab.
GOLDER ASSOCIATES NC, INC.
QUALITY ASSURANCE & QUALITY CONTROL
LABORATORY DATA REVIEW
Page 3 of 4
DR Trip, field and/or equipment, and laboratory blank results have all been reported. All
detects for blanks are listed below by constituent. All laboratory method blanks, if
any, have been ‘flagged’ with a ‘B’ where detected in other samples as appropriate and a laboratory narrative was provided. If the sample was flagged by the laboratory
and is not within 5X of the concentration in the blank (or 10X for commonly detected
laboratory contaminants-acetone, methylene chloride and phthalates), list below with explanation if flags should be removed. If flags need to be added for samples, also
list below.

 Method Blank:
o Zinc @ 1.46 mg/kg
 B-flags:
o No data was blank qualified
DR It is clear from the laboratory report that samples have or have not been diluted during
analysis, and if the samples have been diluted, the result is reported as a multiple of the dilution (e.g., a sample diluted 10x resulting in an analytical detection of 1.0
should be reported as 10). Those that have been diluted are listed below with the
dilution factor.
 EPA 6010C (10x)

DR The report provides the reporting limit for each constituent.
DR The results were reported at or below their proper reporting limits (e.g., NC Solid Waste Section Reporting Limits-SWSLs). Those that are not reported correctly are
listed below (by constituent) with the proper reporting limit listed beside them. State
if the reporting limit error is due to dilutions.
DR No inorganic or organic constituents were reported above their respective Preliminary Residential Health Based Soil Remediation Goal (PSRG1) or Protection of Groundwater Soil Remediation Goals (PSRG2) in wells or field/equipment/trip blanks.

 Cobalt (PSRG1=4.6 mg/kg dry) (PSRG2=0.9 mg/kg dry)
o Background @ 14.7 mg/kg dry
o Sediment Trap @ 13.0 mg/kg dry
o Flow Path @ 45.2 mg/kg dry
o Sediment Basin 3 @ 19.5 mg/kg dry
o Grassy Area @ 19.7 mg/kg dry

 Selenium (PSRG1=78 mg/kg dry) (PSRG2=2.1 mg/kg dry)
o Background @ 6.70 mg/kg dry
o Flow Path @ 6.13 J mg/kg dry
o Grassy Area @ 6.53 mg/kg dry

 Thallium (PSRG1=0.16 mg/kg dry) (PSRG2=0.28 mg/kg dry)
o Background @ 46.4 mg/kg dry
o Sediment Trap @ 16.6 mg/kg dry
o Flow Path @ 30.2 mg/kg dry
o Sediment Basin 3 @ 34.2 mg/kg dry
o Grassy Area @ 36.8 mg/kg dry

GOLDER ASSOCIATES NC, INC.
QUALITY ASSURANCE & QUALITY CONTROL
LABORATORY DATA REVIEW
Page 4 of 4

 Vanadium (PSRG1=78 mg/kg dry) (PSRG2=6.0 mg/kg dry)
o Background @ 156 mg/kg dry
o Sediment Trap @ 62.2 mg/kg dry
o Flow Path @ 145 mg/kg dry
o Sediment Basin 3 @ 104 mg/kg dry
o Grassy Area @ 132 mg/kg dry

N/A No quantifiable inorganic or organic constituents were detected in a well or surface water point at concentrations outside of their historical range (more than 5X previous concentrations or first-time detections).
N/A Other report issues/Communications with laboratory/etc.:

 The metals analyses for the submitted soil samples were processed at dilutions due to
high levels of non-target analytes, resulting in elevated reporting limits.