NCD024900987_20230321_SAP Baseline RA

LSASDFORM-064-R2 081821
LSASD ID: 23-0153 Sampling and Analysis Plan

LSASD Project ID: 23-0153
Sampling and Analysis Plan

Holcomb Creosote

Location: 5016 US Hwy 601
Yadkinville, Yadkin County, North Carolina Project Date: April 10-14, 2023

Final SAP Approval Date: March 21, 2023
Project Leader: Kevin Simmons Hazardous Waste Section Field Services Branch Laboratory Services & Applied Science Division USEPA Region 4 980 College Station Road
Athens, Georgia 30605-2720

The ANSI National Accreditation Board attests that U.S. EPA Region 4 Laboratory Services
and Applied Science Division fulfills the requirements of ISO/IEC 17025:2017 ANAB Forensic Testing & Calibration AR 3125:2019. The activities contained in this report fall within the
scope of accreditation, Certificate Number: AT-2628. Expires June 8, 2024.
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LSASDFORM-064-R2 081821
LSASD ID: 23-0153 Sampling and Analysis Plan
Approvals:
LSASD Project Leader:
Kevin Simmons, Project Leader Hazardous Waste Section Field Services Branch
Approving Official:
Doug Peters, Technical Reviewer Hazardous Waste Section Field Services Branch
Liza Montalvo, Supervisor
Hazardous Waste Section Field Services Branch
This Sampling and Analysis Plan (SAP) is designed to be used in conjunction with the Applied Science
Branch Quality Assurance Project Plan December 2019.
Project Requestor:
Joydeb Majumder, Remedial Project Manager
US EPA Region 4
61 Forsyth Street, SW
Atlanta GA 30303
Analytical Support:
US Environmental Protection Agency Laboratory Services & Applied Science Division 980 College Station Rd
Athens, GA 30605
Microbial Insights, Inc. (MI) 10515 Research Dr Knoxville, TN 37932
Advanced Environmental Laboratories, Inc. (AEL) 6681 Southpoint Parkway Jacksonville, FL 32216
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LSASDFORM-064-R2 081821
LSASD ID: 23-0153 Sampling and Analysis Plan
SECTION A: Project Planning Elements
A1. Distribution List
Recipient Organization Address/Email
Joydeb Majumder
EPA Region 4
Superfund &
Emergency
Management Division
[e-mail]
Todd Harbage HydroGeoLogic, Inc.
HydroGeoLogic, Inc. (HGL)
1745 Phoenix Blvd., Ste. 200
Atlanta, GA 30349
[e-mail]

A2. Project Personnel
Team Members1 Organization Responsibilities
Kevin Simmons USEPA LSASD Project Leader/Sample Custody
Doug Peters USEPA LSASD Safety Officer/Sampler
Michael Roberts USEPA LSASD Sampler
John Davis (pending) USEPA LSASD Sampler
Paula Whiting USEPA LSASD Sampler
Dina Constantinides Serco Instrument Calibration/ Sampler
Don Fortson Serco Instrument Calibration/ Sampler
1Project Leader and all Task Leaders assisting with this project have been deemed competent by LSASD
management to conduct the tasks required to fulfill the prescribed goals.
A3. Site Description and Background Information
The 80-acre Holcomb Creosote Co. site is at 5016 US Hwy 601 in Yadkinville, North Carolina
and includes an area where Holcomb Creosote Company operated a wood-treating facility from
the 1950s to 2009.
In November 2009, the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) inspected the site property and noted several areas of concern, including a creosote treatment vessel, a 55-gallon sump, a catch basin, a transfer area and underlying soils, a concrete storage
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LSASDFORM-064-R2 081821
LSASD ID: 23-0153 Sampling and Analysis Plan
pit, above ground storage tanks, and about 30 55-gallon containers. As a result of this investigation, the NCDEQ issued several notices of violations to Holcomb Creosote Company,
including failure to determine whether solid waste generated by the company was a hazardous
waste; failure to obtain a permit for storage and disposal of waste creosote; and failure to treat, store and dispose of hazardous waste in compliance with state and federal regulations.
NCDEQ has conducted a significant amount of work at the site under the RCRA program. In October 2011, the North Carolina RCRA program referred the site to the EPA’s Superfund
program to address known and potential hazardous waste contamination.
EPA placed the site on the Superfund program’s National Priorities List (NPL) in 2012 because of contaminated soil, sediment, groundwater, surface water and on-site structures resulting from facility operations. EPA and the NCDEQ have taken steps to clean up the site to protect people and the environment from contamination, and with the transition of the site to the Superfund
program, the scope of the environmental assessment at the site has expanded.
A4. Problem Definition
This site has been selected to receive funding through the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL) to
perform the cleanup of the site. EPA selected the following remedies for cleaning up the site:
Soil: - excavation of contaminated soil - in-situ stabilization/solidification of naphthalene and dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) contaminated soil
- disposal of excavated soil in a capped on-site containment cell - repair and maintenance of existing caps - institutional controls.
Groundwater:
- in-situ chemical oxidation (ISCO)
- in-situ enhanced biodegradation (ISEB) - groundwater monitoring - institutional controls.
The chemical/biological oxidation processes in the groundwater destroys polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAHs) present in the dissolved phase and hardens the non-aqueous phase liquid
(NAPL).
The Remedial Project Manager (RPM) requested LSASD sample 18 pre-selected monitoring wells to establish a statistically valid baseline dataset prior to the beginning of the groundwater remedial action.

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LSASDFORM-064-R2 081821
LSASD ID: 23-0153 Sampling and Analysis Plan
A5. Project Description, Goals, and Study Boundaries
The pre-selected wells, see Table 1, are 2-inch diameter and either PVC or stainless-steel
construction. Only 3 of the 18 wells are stainless steel: MW-2, MW-6, and MW-7. The samples
from the monitor wells will be analyzed by the following laboratories for:
Laboratory Services & Applied Science Division (LSASD): Total Iron & Manganese Dissolved Iron & Manganese
Semivolatiles
Advanced Environmental Laboratories, Inc.(AEL):
Alkalinity Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5) Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)
Microbial Insights, Inc. (MI):
Census DNA Naphthalene Dioxygenase (NAH)
Census DNA Naphthalene-inducible Dioxygenase (NIDA)
Groundwater samples will be collected in accordance with the standard operating procedures
(SOPs) designated in Section B5 of this Sampling and Analysis Plan (SAP). Purging and
sampling of the monitoring wells will utilize the low flow method via peristaltic pump with
Teflon™ tubing. Any deviations from the SOPs will be documented in the field logbooks.
All sample containers will be direct filled from the peristaltic pump Teflon™ tubing except for
the semivolatile organic compounds. A vacuum cap assembly will be used to allow the bottle to
fill without contacting the silastic tubing in the pump head.
Prior to purging, each well be opened to allow the water level to equilibrate. The depth to water will then be measured from the top of casing and recorded in the field logbook. During the low flow purging process, all wells will be monitored for pH, temperature, conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO), and oxygen reduction potential (ORP) until stabilization has occurred and turbidity is 10 NTU or less. If stability or <10 NTUs cannot be achieved, the sample team
leader will decide when to collect the sample based on the current circumstances and professional judgement.
The purge water will be contained in drums and disposed into the on-site treatment area where it will be used in the waste solidification process.
Figure 1, supplied by HGL and formerly designated as Figure 3.2, shows all wells at the Holcomb Creosote site including several that will not be sampled during this event. This map will be used to disambiguate wells in the field.
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LSASDFORM-064-R2 081821
LSASD ID: 23-0153 Sampling and Analysis Plan
Table 1
Holcomb Creosote Wells 2023
Holcomb Creosote Company Site, Yadkinville, Yadkin County,
North Carolina
Well Number / Station ID
Sample ID Well Construction Material
Total Depth (ft bgs)
Coordinates (NAD83) Top of Screen (ft bgs)
Bottom of Screen (ft bgs)
Depth to Water (btoc)
Latitude Longitude 3/28/20
Saprolite Wells
MW-6 MW6-0423 Stainless Steel 27 36.1574564 -80.6749027 17 27 3.86
MW-7 MW7-0423 Stainless Steel 20 36.1574063 -80.6747407 10 20 1.67
MW-15 MW15-0423 PVC 16.75 36.1573891 -80.6744467 11.8 16.8 3.86
MW-25 MW25-0423 PVC 20 36.1578613 -80.6752813 10 20 10.88
MW-27 MW27-0423 PVC 15 36.1578184 -80.6750730 5 15 5.60
MW-28 MW-28-0423 PVC 18 36.1580001 -80.6751465 5 15 5.50
MW-30 MW30-0423 PVC 20 36.1580748 -80.6748595 10 20 8.10
MW-48 MW48-0423 PVC 15 36.1574980 -80.6750268 5 15 4.57
MW-55 MW55-0423 PVC 17 36.1578358 -80.6751823 7 17 --
MW-56 MW56-0423 PVC 17 36.1578493 -80.6752215 7 17 --
Partially Weathered Rock Wells
MW-2 MW2-0423 Stainless Steel 33 36.1574191 -80.6749156 23 33 3.87
MW-16 MW16-0423 PVC 32.7 36.1573804 -80.6744258 22.7 32.7 3.70
MW-26 MW26-0423 PVC 42.5 36.1578029 -80.6751832 37.5 42.5 12.81
MW-44 MW44-0423 PVC 41.75 36.1572232 -80.6747215 36.75 41.75 9.73
MW-49 MW49-0423 PVC 26 36.1575106 -80.6750307 21 26 5.20
MW-50 MW50-0423 PVC 35 36.1579533 -80.6753353 30 35 10.02
MW-51 MW51-0423 PVC 27 36.1577202 -80.6750109 22 27 5.82
MW-58 MW58-0423 PVC 33 36.1574573 -80.6749660 23 33 --
bgs – below ground surface btoc – below top of casing
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LSASDFORM-064-R2 081821
LSASD ID: 23-0153 Sampling and Analysis Plan
A6. Applicable Regulatory Information
Table 2
Cleanup Levels
Final (100%) Groundwater Remedial Design
Holcomb Creosote Company Site, Yadkinville, Yadkin County,
North Carolina
Contaminant of
Concern
Groundwater
Cleanup Level
(µg/L)
Soil Cleanup
Level
(µg/kg)
Sediment
Cleanup Level
(mg/kg)
Basis
Cobalt 9 NA NA Noncancer Hazard Quotient = 1
Iron 20,256 NA NA North Carolina Groundwater Standard
Manganese 694 NA NA Noncancer Hazard Quotient = 1
1,1-Biphenyl 400 NA NA North Carolina Interim Maximum
Allowable Concentration
2-Methylnaphthalene 30 NA NA
North Carolina Groundwater Standards
(groundwater) / Site-specific
groundwater protection calculation
(soil)
Acenaphthalene 1,736 NA NA
Dibenzofuran 28 NA NA
Naphthalene 6 180 NA
Benzo(a)pyrene TEQ 0.005 NA NA
Ethylbenzene 600 NA NA
Total PAHs NA NA 198 Maximum Acceptable Toxicant
Concentration
Notes:
µg/kg = micrograms per kilogram
µg/L = micrograms per liter
mg/kg = milligrams per kilogram
NA = not applicable
PAH = polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon
TEQ = toxic equivalency
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LSASDFORM-064-R2 081821
LSASD ID: 23-0153 Sampling and Analysis Plan
A7. Decision(s) to be made based on data
The results from this round of sampling will be used by the RPM and HGL to determine the
effectiveness of the chosen treatment/remedy.
SECTION B: Data Generation, Acquisition, and Reporting
Will samples or physical evidence be collected: ☒Yes – If yes, complete all subsections in Section B.
☐No – If no, no action needed for B1, B2, B3 or B4, proceed to B5.
B1. Sampling Design/Information Inputs
Sample Media Total Number of Samples Analyses
Groundwater 20 Semivolatiles
Groundwater 20 Total Iron & Manganese
Groundwater 20 Dissolved Iron & Manganese
Groundwater 20 *BOD5, COD, Alkalinity
Groundwater 20 *Census DNA – NAH
Groundwater 20 *Census DNA - NIDA
*See methods in Section B4.
B2. Sampling Handling and Custody
Samples will be designated as shown in Table 1 with Station ID and Sample ID included on the sample label.
Station IDs will be appended with -0423 to create the Sample ID which indicates the date of the project, April 2023.
As outlined in the Applied Science Branch Quality Assurance Project Plan, all samples will be handled and custody maintained in accordance with the LSASD Laboratory Services Branch Laboratory Operations and Quality Assurance Manual, LSASD Operating Procedure for Sample and Evidence Management, LSASDPROC-005, and LSASD Operating Procedure for Packing, Labeling and Shipping of Environmental and Waste Samples, LSASDPROC-209.
Will a Chain-of-Custody be produced? ☒Yes
☐No
During the duration of the event, have preparations been made to ensure that custody is maintained?
Custody of a sample or physical evidence is defined as: ☒Yes
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LSASDFORM-064-R2 081821
LSASD ID: 23-0153 Sampling and Analysis Plan
•It is in the actual possession of an investigator
•It is in the view of an investigator, after being in their physical possession
•It was in the physical possession of an investigator and then they secured it to prevent tampering
•It is placed in a designated secure area ☐No
B3. Quality Control
Field quality control measures will be in accordance with the LSASD Operating Procedure for Field Sampling Quality Control, LSASDPROC-011.
Field quality control samples include the following:
Duplicate samples – 1: duplicate sample will have a D appended to the Sample ID (e.g., MW7-0423D). MS/MSD – 1: designated on chain-of-custody.
Laboratory quality control measures are specified in the LSASD Laboratory Services Branch Laboratory Operations and Quality Assurance Manual.
Samples analyzed by the EPA/Region 4 LSASD laboratory in Athens, GA will be in accordance with the LSASD Laboratory Services Branch Laboratory Operations and Quality Assurance Manual. Specific analytical methods include:
Total Iron & Manganese: EPA 6010C Dissolved Iron & Manganese: EPA 6010C Semivolatiles: EPA 8270D
Samples will be analyzed by Advanced Environmental Laboratories, Inc.(AEL): Alkalinity: SM 2320B
Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5): 405.1/SM 5210B Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD): 410.1/410.4
Samples will be analyzed by Microbial Insights, Inc. (MI): Census DNA Naphthalene Dioxygenase (NAH) Census DNA Naphthalene-inducible Dioxygenase (NIDA)
Samples analyzed by AEL and MI will be in accordance with their own operating procedures and SOPs.
LSASD Turn-Around-Time Requested: 35 Days
MI Turn-Around-Time Requested: 7-10 Days
AEL Turn-Around-Time Requested: 7-10 Days
Reporting Levels: ☒Non-Routine Reporting Levels ARE NOT Required, No Further Action.
B4. Analytical Methods and Support
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LSASDFORM-064-R2 081821
LSASD ID: 23-0153 Sampling and Analysis Plan
☐Non-Routine Reporting Levels ARE Required, List Below.
Non-Routine Reporting Levels: N/A
Waste Samples Anticipated:
☐Yes
☒No
☐Unknown
If answer is yes, specify laboratory to receive samples:
(i.e., LSASD, commercial lab vis bank card or PR, subcontracted via START/RACS/REPA 5) N/A
B5. Sampling and Measurement Procedures
Sampling and measurement activities will be in accordance with the LSASD operating procedures. The following field procedures will be followed during this study, check all that apply: (Last Update: 8/12/2021)
Field Measurement Procedures* LSASD/SESDPROC- Revision
☒Field pH Measurement 100 R5
☒Field Specific Conductance Measurement 101 R7
☒Field Temperature Measurement 102 R6
☒Field Turbidity Measurement 103 R5
☒Groundwater Level and Well Depth Measurement 105 R4
☒Field Measurement of Dissolved Oxygen 106 R4 ☐Field X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Measurement 107 R4 ☐Wastewater Flow Measurement 109 R5
☒Global Positioning System 110 R5 ☐In-Situ Water Quality Monitoring 111 R4 ☐Field Measurement of Total Residual Chlorine 112 R6
☒Field Measurement of Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP) 113 R3
Field Sampling Procedures* LSASD/SESDPROC- Revision ☐Sediment Sampling 200 R4 ☐Surface Water Sampling 201 R4 ☐Soil Sampling 300 R4
☒Groundwater Sampling 301 R5 ☐Waste Sampling 302 R4 ☐Ambient Air Sampling 303 R5 ☐Potable Water Supply Sampling 305 R4 ☐Wastewater Sampling 306 R5 ☐Soil Gas Sampling 307 R4
*If procedures allow for different sampling and measurement methods, the utilized method(s) must be
identified in the project description section. Additionally, verify procedure revision numbers before issuance of
SAP.
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LSASDFORM-064-R2 081821
LSASD ID: 23-0153 Sampling and Analysis Plan
Section C: Reporting
C1. Reporting
Estimated Report Completion Date: 6/16/2023
Is a Provisional Data Release Anticipated? ☐Yes
☒No
Provisional data refers to final analytical and field measurement results that may be subject to further interpretation and/or data assessment by the project leader prior to the issuance of a final field investigation report. Provisional data may be provided prior to the completion of the LSASD final report only if LSASD management approves the release of the information and the analytical data have been released as final from the LSASD Laboratory Services Branch, for LSASD generated data,
and/or the LSASD Quality Assurance Section, for non-LSASD generated data. Release of provisional data will be transmitted by electronic or hard copy with official correspondence from the Section Chief in accordance with the LSASD Operating
Procedure for Report Preparation and Distribution (LSASDPROC-003).
Additional Comments: N/A
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