6301_Moore_MSWLF_CDLF_WQMP_FID1387272_20200106

J GOLDER
REPORT
WATER QUALITY MONITORING PLAN - MOORE
COUNTY LANDFILL, PERMIT NO. 63-01
Volume 2 - Moore County Design Hydrogeologic Report and Monitoring Plans
Submitted to:
Ms. Jaclynne Drummond
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Waste Management
Solid Waste Section
2090 US Highway 70
Swannanoa, NC 28778
[phone]
Submitted by:
Golder Associates NC, Inc.
5B Oak Branch Drive Greensboro, North Carolina, USF
[phone]
1895531
December 10, 2019

December 2019
Distribution List
1895531
Chao, Ming-Tai, PE, Environmental Engineer, NC DEQ, Division of Waste Management, Solid Waste Section,
Permitting Branch, 1646 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1646, [e-mail]
Drummond, Jaclynne, Hydrogeologist, NC DEQ, Division of Waste Management, Solid Waste Section, 2090 US
Highway 70, Swannanoa, NC 28778, [e-mail]
Gould, Randy, PE, Director, Moore County, Department of Public Works, 5227 US Highway 15, Carthage, NC
28327-1927, [e-mail]
Lambert, David Interim Solid Waste Director, Moore County, Department of Public Works, 5227 US Highway 15,
Carthage, NC 28327-1927, [e-mail]
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Table of Contents
1.0
INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................................................1
1.1
Site Description....................................................................................................................................1
1.2
Site Hydrogeology................................................................................................................................1
2.0
GROUNDWATER
MONITORING SYSTEM...................................................................................................2
2.1
Groundwater Monitoring Well Network................................................................................................2
2.2
Groundwater Monitoring Well Construction.........................................................................................3
2.3
Groundwater Monitoring Well Development........................................................................................3
2.4
Maintenance and Recordkeeping........................................................................................................3
2.5
Monitoring Well Decommissioning.......................................................................................................4
3.0
GROUNDWATER
MONITORING PROGRAM...............................................................................................4
3.1
Active C&D Landfill..............................................................................................................................4
3.1.1
Detection Monitoring.......................................................................................................................5
3.1.1.1
Sampling Frequency....................................................................................................................5
3.1.1.2
Establishment of Background Data.............................................................................................5
3.1.1.3
Evaluation of Background Data...................................................................................................5
3.1.2
Assessment Monitoring...................................................................................................................5
3.1.3
Evaluation and Reporting of Monitoring Data.................................................................................6
3.2
Closed MSW Landfill............................................................................................................................6
3.2.1
Corrective Action.............................................................................................................................7
3.2.1.1
Sampling Frequency....................................................................................................................7
3.2.1.2
Evaluation of Data........................................................................................................................7
3.2.2
Evaluation and Reporting of Monitoring Data.................................................................................7
4.0
GROUNDWATER
SAMPLING METHODOLOGY.........................................................................................7
4.1
Sample Collection................................................................................................................................8
4.1.1
Static Water Elevations...................................................................................................................8
4.1.2
Well Evacuation..............................................................................................................................8
4.1.2.1
Low -Flow Procedures..................................................................................................................8
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4.1.2.2
Standard Evacuation Procedures..............................................................................................10
4.1.2.3
Collection...................................................................................................................................10
4.1.2.4
Decontamination........................................................................................................................11
4.2
Sample Preservation and Handling...................................................................................................11
4.3
Chain -of -Custody Program................................................................................................................11
4.3.1
Sample Labels..............................................................................................................................11
4.3.2
Sample Seal..................................................................................................................................12
4.3.3
Field Logbook................................................................................................................................12
4.3.4
Chain -of -Custody Record.............................................................................................................12
4.4
Analytical Procedures........................................................................................................................13
4.5
Quality Assurance and Quality Control Program...............................................................................14
5.0 STATISTICAL
METHODS............................................................................................................................14
6.0 SURFACE WATER MONITORING (RULE .0602).......................................................................................14
7.0 REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................................15
TABLES
Table 1 Summary of Proposed Changes to the Groundwater Monitoring Network
Table 2 Summary of Groundwater Monitoring Well Construction Information
Table 3 Summary of Proposed Constituents and Analytical Methods
Table 4 Proposed Water Quality Monitoring Schedule
DRAWINGS
Drawing WQMP-1 Proposed Water Quality Monitoring Plan
APPENDIX A
Boring Logs and Well Construction Records
APPENDIX B
Groundwater Protection Compliance Standards - Constituents List
APPENDIX C
Solid Waste Section Guidelines for Groundwater, Soil, and Surface Water Sampling
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
This Water Quality Monitoring Plan (WQMP) will serve as a guidance document for collecting and analyzing
groundwater and surface water samples, evaluating the associated analytical results, and monitoring potential
releases to the uppermost aquifer from the Moore County Landfills, North Carolina Solid Waste Permit (NC SWP)
No. 63-01, located at 456 Turning Leaf Way near the town of Aberdeen in Moore County, NC. The NC SWP No.
63-01 includes two permitted waste units: an active Construction and Demolition (C&D) landfill and a closed
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) landfill. This WQMP complies with the NC Solid Waste Management Rules
(NCSWMR) listed in the NC Administrative Code (NCAC) Subchapter 13B .0544 through .0545 as it relates to the
active C&D landfill and NCAC 13B .0601 as it relates to the closed MSW landfill. This plan also addresses the
requirements for surface water monitoring as specified in NCAC 13B .0602. The pertinent geologic and
hydrogeologic characteristics of the site, as described in the Design Hydrogeologic Report submitted as part of
the Permit Amendment associated with the later expansion of the proposed Cell 6 at the active C&D landfill and
previous water quality monitoring reports prepared by Golder Associates NC, Inc. (Golder) are summarized
below.
1.1 Site Description
The Moore County Landfill (the "facility" or the "site") is located in southwestern Moore County with the jurisdiction
of Pinehurst between the towns of Pinehurst and Aberdeen, as shown on inset of Drawing WQMP-1. The facility
is bound to the west by Horse Creek and to the north and south by unnamed tributaries of Horse Creek. A power -
line right-of-way transects the property and represents the eastern boundary of the closed municipal solid waste
(MSW) landfill. Topographic surface elevations at the facility range from approximately 460 feet above mean sea
level (AMSL) along the eastern portion of the closed MSW landfill to approximately 350 feet AMSL on the
southwestern side of the facility. The site is surrounded predominately by wooded, agricultural, or rural residential
properties.
The Moore County Landfill comprises approximately 314 acres and contains an active C&D landfill unit, a closed
unlined MSW landfill unit, and several land clearing and inert debris (LCID) landfill units. In conjunction with
Moore County, Republic Services of NC, LLC operates a solid waste transfer station located on the southwestern
portion of the property. The MSW landfill accepted waste from approximately 1968 to 1993 and was closed prior
to October 1993, with final closure approved in December 1996; the County expressed their intent to comply with
post -closure monitoring regulations in January 1997. The MSW area encompasses approximately 60 acres, 12 of
which have a clay cap. The County began transferring MSW waste in 1993. The County temporarily stockpiled
C&D waste from approximately 1993 to 1996, until the current C&D landfill was permitted and constructed (HDR,
2005).
1.2 Site Hydrogeology
The Moore County Landfill is located in the inner Coastal Plain Physiographic Province of North Carolina. The
geologic units of this region are relatively young, dating from the Cretaceous to the Tertiary period (NCGS, 1985).
The site is underlain by sands, silts, and clays of the Middendorf Formation, which generally consists of
intercalated, lenticular, thick -bedded, light-colored sands and clays (mudstones) with local concentrations of clay -
cast conglomerates (NCGS, 1985 and Sohl and Owens, 1991).
The uppermost groundwater beneath the facility is present in a shallow, unconfined aquifer comprised of sands
mixed with thin clay seams and larger seams of fine sand. The uppermost aquifer at the site is approximately 55
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feet thick and underlain by a clay confining layer (HDR, 2005). Groundwater occurs at depths varying form
approximately 5 to 38 feet below ground surface (bgs) across the entire site.
Surface water and groundwater at the site generally flows to the west and southwest toward Horse Creek, which
is located along the western property boundary. Limited surface water and groundwater flows to the north and
south to unnamed tributaries of Horse Creek located along the northern and southern property boundaries.
Historically, the average estimated linear groundwater flow velocity for the subsurface at the facility is around 300
feet/year. The range of groundwater flow is expected to vary depending on the topographic and hydrogeologic
conditions. The modified Darcy equation used to calculate the linear flow velocity makes simplified assumptions
of a homogenous and isotropic aquifer. Therefore, this estimate of linear groundwater flow velocity only
represents a presumptive estimated value for the uppermost aquifer and does not account for the heterogeneous
and/or anisotropic conditions that may be present in the uppermost aquifer at the facility.
2.0 GROUNDWATER MONITORING SYSTEM
The following section presents the proposed monitoring well network for the active C&D landfill and the closed
MSW landfill, along with the specifications associated with installing, developing, maintaining, and
decommissioning facility groundwater monitoring wells. The proposed well locations are selected to yield
groundwater samples representative of the sub -surface conditions in the uppermost aquifer underlying the facility,
and to monitor potential releases from each landfill unit. Well placement, well construction methods, well
development, well maintenance, and well decommissioning procedures are discussed in the following sections.
2.1 Groundwater Monitoring Well Network
As presented, there are two groundwater monitoring well networks at the site — one network to monitor
groundwater beneath the active C&D landfill and one to monitor groundwater beneath the closed MSW landfill.
One background monitoring well, MW-5, provides background data for both groundwater monitoring networks.
The proposed active C&D landfill groundwater monitoring network consists of eight downgradient monitoring wells
(MW-4, MW-11SR, MW-11DR, MW-13S, MW-13D, MW-17S, MW-17D, and MW-18) and one additional
upgradient monitoring well (MW-14) which monitors groundwater between the adjacent upgradient closed MSW
landfill and the active C&D landfill.
The proposed closed MSW landfill groundwater monitoring network consisted of eight downgradient monitoring
wells (MW-1, MW-2, MW-3, MW-6, MW-7, MW-8, MW-9, and MW-15R). In addition, we are proposing to use two
C&D monitoring wells (i.e., MW-4 and MW-11 SR) as "performance" or monitored natural attenuation (MNA)
monitoring wells related to ongoing corrective action at the closed MSW landfill. A table summarizing the
proposed changes to the monitoring well network has been included as Table 1. In addition, a table summarizing
the well construction information for each monitoring well in the compliance network has been included as Table
2. Each monitoring well location is shown on the included Drawing WQMP-1 and the associated boring logs for
each monitoring well can be found in Appendix A.
One off -site homeowner well (PW-1 at Blake residence) has been monitored semi-annually since October 1996 in
conjunction with routine groundwater monitoring events. Due to the upgradient location of the well, its current
status (unused as house is unoccupied), and the amount of historical data which do not indicate any landfill
impacts, we recommend annual rather than semi-annual monitoring at this location.
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2.2 Groundwater Monitoring Well Construction
Previous and future drilling and installation of monitoring wells at the facility has and will be performed in
accordance with the specifications outlined in 15A NCAC 2C .0100. Additionally, Moore County will utilize the
guidance document Draft North Carolina Water Quality Monitoring Guidance for Solid Waste Facilities; Solid
Waste Section (SWS), Division of Waste Management (DWM); Department of Environmental, Health, and Natural
Resources (NC DENR) — March 1995. During the future installation of monitoring wells, a geologist will oversee
drilling activities and prepare boring and well construction logs documenting each new monitoring well. As
required, following the installation of each new monitoring well a NC licensed surveyor will be procured to survey
each new monitoring well to within ±0.1-inch on the horizontal plane and to within ±0.01-inch on the vertical plane
in North Carolina State Plane North American Datum (NAD) 1983 feet. Following the installation of new
groundwater monitoring wells, a boring log, well construction log, groundwater monitoring network map, well
installation certification (i.e., GW-1 Form), and the survey data will be submitted in a report to the SWS within 30
days of the completion of field activities unless prior approval is obtained for an alternate submittal schedule.
2.3 Groundwater Monitoring Well Development
Each newly constructed groundwater monitoring well will be developed to remove particulates present in the well
due to construction activities and to interconnect the monitoring well with the aquifer. Development of new
groundwater monitoring wells will be performed no sooner than 24 hours after well completion allowing time for
the Portland cement/bentonite slurry to setup following construction. A surge block may be used as a means of
assessing the integrity of the well screen and riser. If a pump is employed, the design of the pump will be such
that any groundwater that has encounter the surface atmosphere is not allowed to drain back into the monitoring
well. In general, each groundwater monitoring well will be developed until the water is sediment free (i.e., less
than 10 NTUs) or is as sediment free as feasibly possible and the following field parameters: temperature, pH,
and specific conductance (to be collected during development) have stabilized.
Well development equipment (e.g., bailers, pumps, surge blocks, etc.) and any other equipment that contacts the
inner monitoring well casing or groundwater shall be decontaminated via the use of Alconox and deionized or
distilled water prior to on -site use, between consecutive on -site uses, and/or between consecutive monitoring well
installations. Samples withdrawn from the facility's monitoring wells should be clay- and silt -free; therefore,
existing wells may require re -development from time to time based upon observed turbidity levels during sampling
activities. If re -development of an existing monitoring well is required, it will be performed in a manner similar to
that used for a new well.
2.4 Maintenance and Recordkeeping
The monitoring wells will be used and maintained in accordance with design specifications throughout the life of
the monitoring program. Routine well maintenance will include inspection and correction/repair of, as necessary,
identification labels, concrete aprons, locking caps and locks, and access to the wells. Should it be determined
that background or compliance monitoring wells no longer provide samples representative of the quality of
groundwater passing the relevant point of compliance, the SWS will be notified. The owner will re-evaluate the
monitoring network, and provide recommendations to the SWS for modifying, rehabilitating, decommissioning, or
installing replacement or additional monitoring wells, as appropriate.
Laboratory analytical results will be submitted to the SWS semi-annually within 120 days of completion of the
sampling event. Analytical data, calculations, and other relevant groundwater monitoring records will be kept
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throughout the active life of the facility and the post -closure care period, including notices and reports of any North
Carolina (2L) Groundwater Protection Standard exceedances, resampling notifications, and re -sampling results.
2.5 Monitoring Well Decommissioning
Piezometers and wells installed within the MSW waste footprint will be properly decommissioned in accordance
with the procedures for permanent decommissioning, as described in 15A NCAC 2C Rule .0113(b). The
piezometers and wells will be progressively decommissioned as necessary to complete landfill construction
activities. The piezometers and wells that are within the proposed footprint will be overdrilled to remove well
construction materials, and then grouted with a cement-bentonite grout. Other piezometers and wells that require
decommissioning will be grouted in place without overdrilling with a cement-bentonite grout and removing surface
features, such as concrete aprons, protective casings, and stick-ups. In each case, the bentonite content of the
cement-bentonite grout shall be approximately 5%, and a tremie pipe will be used to ensure that grout is
continuously placed from the bottom of the borehole/monitoring well upward.
If a monitoring well becomes unusable during the monitoring period of the landfill, the well will be decommissioned
in accordance with the procedures described above. Approval from the SWS will be obtained prior to
decommissioning any monitoring well.
For each monitoring well decommissioned, the following information will be provided to the SWS in a report
sealed by a licensed geologist: the monitoring well name, a description of the procedure by which the monitoring
well was decommissioned, the date when the monitoring well was considered to be taken out of service, and the
date when the monitoring well was decommissioned.
3.v GROUNDWATER MONITORING PROGRAM
The following sections describe the proposed groundwater monitoring program for the active C&D and the closed
MSW landfill units owned and operated by Moore County under NC SWP# 63-01.
3.1 Active C&D Landfill
Moore County met with NC DEQ on March 10, 2016 to discuss groundwater impacts at the site and the
effectiveness of the previously implemented corrective actions at the facility. In this meeting and in a follow-up,
correspondence sent from NC DEQ on March 14, 2016, the SWS requested that Moore County commence
assessment monitoring at the C&D landfill or submit an alternate source demonstration (ASD) to demonstrate the
impacts observed in the C&D landfill monitoring network were from a source other than the C&D landfill. On
February 28, 2017, the County submitted an ASD for the Active C&D Landfill, identifying the upgradient closed
unlined MSW landfill as the source of VOCs at downgradient C&D wells.
In two letters dated September 28, 2017, the NC DEQ declined to issue a determination on the ASD for the Active
C&D Landfill and requested Moore County implement landfill gas and groundwater corrective action at the closed
MSW landfill, as well as commence assessment monitoring as detailed in 15A NCAC 13B .0545 at the active
C&D landfill. The County submitted a response to these communications on October 26, 2017 and met with NC
DEQ on November 30, 2017. Following this meeting, Moore County submitted a letter on December 6, 2017
confirming the County's intention to comply with the requests of NC DEQ and requesting an extension to comply.
This request was approved by NC DEQ on December 11, 2017. The Moore County landfill is currently completing
the background phase of assessment monitoring at the active C&D landfill in accordance with the Assessment
Monitoring Work Plan (Golder, 2018) approved by NC DEQ in a correspondence dated January 23, 2018.
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3.1.1 Detection Monitoring
Should the active C&D landfill return to detection monitoring, groundwater samples for the active C&D landfill
monitoring network (described in Section 2.1) will be analyzed semi-annually for the constituents listed in NC
Appendix I plus mercury, chloride, manganese, sulfate, iron, specific conductance, pH, temperature, alkalinity,
and total dissolved solids as defined in 15A NCAC 13B .0544(b)(1)(D), during the life of the facility and the post -
closure care period. Refer to Appendix 8 of this report for a list of the required constituents, analytical methods,
and applicable standards.
3.1.1.1 Sampling Frequency
As presented, groundwater samples will be collected and analyzed for constituents outlined in Table 3 plus
required field parameters, including but not limited to, pH, conductivity, and temperature per the schedule
proposed on Table 4 (i.e., semiannually for the active C&D landfill).
3.1.1.2 Establishment of Background Data
Prior to the construction of the proposed Cell 6, a minimum of four (4) independent groundwater samples will be
collected from the recently installed groundwater monitoring wells associated with the proposed Cell 6 area.
Samples collected from these wells will be analyzed for Appendix I constituents. The intent of background
sampling is to collect data to more accurately reflect the natural fluctuations that may occur with these
constituents. The data will be submitted to the SWS after completion of the fourth background sampling event.
3.1.1.3 Evaluation of Background Data
The detection monitoring program for the C&D landfill unit, will include the comparison of the reported constituent
concentrations from downgradient compliance monitoring wells and the groundwater protection standards [i.e.,
NC 2L Standards and Interim Maximum Allowable Concentrations (IMACs)]. If inorganic constituents are
determined to be above the groundwater protection standards, the reported constituent concentrations from
downgradient compliance monitoring wells will be statistically compared to the site -specific background values to
determine if a release has occurred. If a constituent is detected above both its groundwater quality standard and
its background value, the following procedures will be followed:
1) Within 30 days, submit an Assessment Monitoring Work Plan to the SWS for review.
2) Upon the SWS's approval of the Assessment Monitoring Work Plan, initiate assessment monitoring.
The data may be evaluated within ninety (90) days following the exceedance, and wells may be resampled if
appropriate, to determine if the concentration resulted from an error in sampling, analysis, statistical evaluation, or
natural variation in groundwater quality; or a source other than the facility. If it can be demonstrated that one of
these factors occurred, a report [an Alternate Source Demonstration (ASD)] certified by a licensed geologist will
be submitted to the SWS within 90 days of identifying the suspect statistical increase. A copy of this report will be
placed in the operating record. If the SWS approves the demonstration, the Detection Monitoring Program will be
resumed with the required semi-annual sampling and analysis. If SWS does not accept the demonstration
assessment monitoring will be initiated.
3.1.2 Assessment Monitoring
Assessment monitoring is required for the C&D landfill unit whenever one or more Appendix I constituents are
detected at concentrations that exceed the groundwater protection standards, and no source of error or naturally
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occurring condition can be identified. If a false positive result cannot be demonstrated, an assessment monitoring
program will be established, as described below.
After triggering the assessment monitoring water quality monitoring will be performed in accordance with the
approved Assessment Monitoring Work Plan, which will include at a minimum one sampling event where
monitoring wells are sampled for Appendix II constituents. A minimum of one groundwater sample will be
collected from each downgradient groundwater monitoring well and submitted for analysis during each
assessment monitoring sampling event. However, the NCSWMR allow for petitions to the SWS for an appropriate
subset of wells or a reduction in the Appendix II sampling list.
If any Appendix II constituents are detected in groundwater from the downgradient wells, a minimum of four (4)
independent samples will be collected from each background and downgradient groundwater monitoring well to
establish background concentrations for the detected Appendix II constituents.
After approval of the Assessment monitoring work plan and completion of an initial complete Appendix II sampling
event, and on at least a semi-annual basis thereafter, the wells will be sampled and analyzed for the Appendix
list plus any additional detected Appendix II constituents. An analytical results report of each sampling event will
be submitted to the SWS and placed in the facility operational record.
The SWS will determine whether groundwater protection standards must be established for the facility and may
specify a more appropriate alternate sampling frequency for repeated sampling and analysis for the full set of
Appendix II constituents. Groundwater monitoring will continue in one of two ways, based on the results of the
assessment monitoring statistical analyses:
1) If the Appendix II constituents are at or less than background values using approved statistical
procedures for two consecutive sampling events, the facility may resume detection monitoring with the
approval of SWS.
2) If one or more Appendix II constituents are detected at statistically significant concentrations in excess
of the approved groundwater protection standards, and no source of error can be identified, a notice will
be placed in the operating record, and all appropriate local government officials will be notified. The
facility will proceed to a characterization of the nature and extent of the release. If the facility proceeds
to corrective action, an Assessment of Corrective Measures will be submitted to the SWS and a remedy
will be selected.
3.1.3 Evaluation and Reporting of Monitoring Data
Reports will be submitted electronically with analytical data provided in the required format, and be accompanied
by the required Environmental Monitoring Form, which will be signed and sealed by a licensed geologist in the
State of North Carolina. A copy of this form is also included in Appendix B. The reported constituent
concentrations from downgradient compliance wells will be compared to background values, NC 2L Drinking
Water Standards and the IMAC Standards, using a value -to -value comparison. Any exceedances of the NC 2L
Drinking Water Standards and/or IMAC Standards will be identified in the semi-annual submittals to the SWS.
3.2 Closed MSW Landfill
The closed MSW landfill located upgradient of the active C&D landfill is currently performing corrective action in
accordance with the North Carolina Solid Waste .0500 Groundwater Corrective Action Application and associated
Groundwater Corrective Action Milestone Schedule (Golder 2018) which was submitted to NC DEQ on January
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31, 2018. In accordance with the Groundwater Corrective Action Milestone Schedule, a methane cut-off trench
was installed to the south of replacement monitoring well MW-15R in November 2018. In addition, the County
has continued MNA monitoring at the closed landfill and plans to submit an assessment of this remedy prior to
January 31, 2020 in accordance with the proposed schedule.
3.2.1 Corrective Action
The County proposes to continue MNA monitoring at the closed landfill in accordance with Table 3. Should
another remedy be deemed necessary MNA monitoring will continue as prescribed in Table 3 to evaluate the
remedy until NC DEQ approves an alternate sampling plan or following two consecutive groundwater monitoring
events in which there are no groundwater standard exceedances in groundwater samples at the site.
3.2.1.1 Sampling Frequency
Based on proximity to the source and the existence of significant historical data and locations of the wells with
respect to the waste unit, with other compliance monitoring wells in closer proximity to the waste unit, the County
would like to propose to identify groundwater monitoring wells MW-1, MW-2, and MW-3 as assessment
monitoring wells and monitor them on an annual basis. In addition, the County would also request that the private
water supply well located on the Blake property be monitored annually as well as no impacts from the landfill have
been noted in this well and its location is upgradient with respect to the waste unit; this well is at a residence that
has been unoccupied for many years and the well does not appear to be in use
The other groundwater monitoring wells identified on Table 1 associated with the closed MSW landfill shall be
monitored semiannually in accordance with Table 3. As presented on Table 3 and as previously approved by NC
DEQ in a letter dated April 18, 2008, volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and dissolved hydrogen will continue to be
monitored every 51' year and incorporated into a Corrective Action Evaluation Report (the next report will follow
the sampling performed in 2021; therefore, VFAs and hydrogen will be collected next in 2021).
3.2.1.2 Evaluation of Data
The results from the semiannual and annual monitoring will continue to be evaluated via the use of direct
comparison to the applicable groundwater standards, statistics, and/or analytical modelling (e.g., Biochlor)
following the completion of each sampling event.
3.2.2 Evaluation and Reporting of Monitoring Data
Reports will be submitted electronically with analytical data provided in the required format, and be accompanied
by the required Environmental Monitoring Form, which will be signed and sealed by a licensed geologist in the
State of North Carolina. A copy of this form is also included in Appendix B. The reported constituent
concentrations from downgradient compliance wells will be compared to background values, NC 2L Drinking
Water Standards and the IMAC Standards, using a value -to -value comparison. Any exceedances of the NC 2L
Drinking Water Standards and/or IMAC Standards will be identified in the semi-annual submittals to the SWS.
&+.V GROUNDWATER SAMPLING METHODOLOGY
As presented, groundwater samples will be collected in accordance with NCSWMR 15A NCAC 13B .0544 or
.0545, this Water Quality Monitoring Plan, and guidance provided in the Solid Waste Section Guidelines for
Groundwater, Soil, and Surface Water Sampling (Appendix C). Procedures for well purging, sample withdrawal,
decontamination methods, and chain -of -custody procedures are outlined below. Field parameter measurements
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will be submitted electronically to the SWS in a format consistent with the Electronic Data Deliverable (EDD)
Template (last updated by NC DEQ in May 2018).
4.1 Sample Collection
The procedures for collecting groundwater samples are presented below. The background well for the C&D and
MSW landfill unit (MW-5) will be sampled first, followed by the background monitoring well for the C&D landfill unit
(MW-14), and then the downgradient compliance monitoring wells. The downgradient groundwater monitoring
wells will be sampled so that the most contaminated well, if one is identified from the previous sampling event, will
be sampled last.
4.1.1 Static Water Elevations
The static groundwater level shall be measured with an electronic water level indicator, to the nearest 0.01 foot, in
each well prior to sampling. Static groundwater elevations will be calculated from groundwater depth
measurements and top of casing elevations. A reference point will be marked on the top of casing of each well to
ensure the same measuring point is used each time static groundwater levels are measured.
If a monitoring well contains a dedicated pump, the depth to water shall be measured without removing the pump.
Depth -to -bottom measurements should be taken from the well construction data and updated when pumps are
removed for maintenance.
4.1.2 Well Evacuation
Currently, groundwater is purged via the use of a peristaltic pump or a submersible portable bladder pump, if
necessary due to limitations of a non -submersible pump. The preferred well evacuation and sampling procedure
for the site is a low -flow purge (micro -purge) and sample methodology and procedure. Standard evacuation and
sample methodology and procedures are also outlined below based on the Solid Waste Section Guidelines for
Groundwater, Soil, and Surface Water Sampling (Appendix C), as an alternative.
4.1.2.1 Low -Flow Procedures
Groundwater monitoring wells may be purged and sampled using the low -flow sampling method in accordance
with the Solid Waste Section Guidelines for Groundwater, Soil, and Surface Water Sampling (NCDENR, 2008). A
summary of these procedures is presented below, and, as presented, a copy of the procedures is presented in
Appendix C.
Prior to sampling, a depth -to -water measurement shall be obtained using an electronic water level indicator
capable of recording the depth to an accuracy of one -hundredth (0.01) of a foot. Next, a determination of whether
or not the water table is located within the screened interval of the well shall be made. If the water table is not
within the screened interval, the amount of drawdown that can be achieved before the screen is intersected will be
calculated and the amount of drawdown should be minimized to prevent the screen from being exposed. If
possible, the water level should not fall to within one (1) foot of the top of the well screen. If the water table is
within the screened interval, total drawdown should not exceed one (1) foot, whenever possible, so as to minimize
the amount of aeration and turbidity.
Because the purging equipment is non -dedicated, the equipment (i.e., tubing or bladder pump and tubing) will be
lowered into the well, taking care to minimize the disturbance to the water column. If conditions (i.e., water
column height and well yield) allow, the pump or tubing will be placed in the uppermost portion of the water
column (minimum of 18 inches of pump submergence is recommended when using a portable bladder pump).
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The minimum volume/time period for obtaining independent Water Quality Parameter Measurements (WQPM) will
be determined. The minimum volume/time period is determined based on the stabilized flow rate and the amount
of volume in the pump and the discharge tubing (alternatively, the volume of the flow cell can be used, provided it
is greater than the volume of the pump and discharge tubing). If used, the volume of the bladder pump should be
obtained from the manufacturer. Volume of the discharge tubing is as follows:
3/8-inch inside diameter tubing: 20 milliliters per foot
1/4-inch inside diameter tubing: 10 milliliters per foot
3/16-inch inside diameter tubing: 5 milliliters per foot
Once the volume of the flow -cell or the pump and the discharge tubing has been calculated, the monitoring well
purge can begin. The flow rate should be based on historical data for each specific monitoring well (if available)
and should not exceed 500 milliliters per minute. After the flow cell is filled, an initial round of water quality
parameters shall be recorded, and the flow rate adjusted until drawdown in the well stabilizes. Depth to water
measurements should be measured periodically to maintain a stabilized water level. If the purge rate has been
reduced to 100 milliliters or less and the head level in the well continues to decline, the required water samples
should be collected following stabilization of the water quality monitoring parameters, based on the criteria
presented below.
If after the flow rate has been reduced to 100 milliliters or less and neither the head level nor the water quality
parameters stabilize, a passive sample should be collected. Passive sampling is defined as sampling before
water quality monitoring parameters have stabilized if the well yield is low enough that the monitoring well will
purge dry at the lowest possible purge rate (generally 100 milliliters per minute or less).
Golder proposes to use the following as water quality monitoring parameter stabilization criteria for this site once
achieved for three consecutive measurements: pH (+/- 0.1 S.U.), conductance (+/- 5% of reading), temperature
(+/- 0.2°C), and dissolved oxygen [+/- 10% of reading or 0.2 mg/L (whichever is greater)]. Oxidation reduction
potential will be measured and ideally should also fall within +/- 10 mV of reading; however, this is not a required
parameter. At a minimum, turbidity measurements should also be recorded at the beginning of purging and
following the stabilization of the water quality monitoring parameters prior to sampling. The optimal turbidity range
for micro -purging is 10 Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTUs) or less. Turbidity measurements above 10 NTUs
are generally indicative of an excessive purge rate or natural conditions related to excessive fines in the aquifer
matrix.
If stabilization does not occur following the removal of a purge volume equal to three well volumes, a passive
sample will be collected.
The direct -reading equipment used at each monitoring well will be calibrated in the field according to the
manufacturer's specifications prior to each day's use and checked at a minimum at the end of each sampling day.
Calibration information should be documented in the instrument's calibration logbook and the field book.
Each well is to be sampled immediately following stabilization of the water quality monitoring parameters. The
sampling flow rate must be maintained at a rate that is less than or equal to the purging rate. For volatile organic
compounds, lower sampling rates (100 - 200 milliliters/minute) should be used. Final field parameter readings
should be recorded prior to sampling.
GOLDER

December 2019 1895531
4.1.2.2 Standard Evacuation Procedures
As presented low -flow is the preferred procedure for sampling groundwater at the site; however, if a situation
arises in which a representative groundwater sample cannot be obtained using low -flow procedure, the monitoring
well may be evacuated with peristaltic pump, a submersible pump, or a disposal bailer (if a situation prevents the
use of a pump). If the pump is used to evacuate multiple wells, it and any other non -dedicated equipment will be
decontaminated before use and between use at each well.
When utilizing standard evacuation procedures on a low -yield well (one that yields less than 0.5 gallon per
minute), the monitoring well will be purged so that water is removed from the bottom of the screened interval.
Low -yield wells will be evacuated to dryness once. However, at no time will a well be evacuated to dryness if the
recharge rate causes the formation water to vigorously cascade down the sides of the screen and cause an
accelerated loss of volatiles. Upon recharging of the well and no longer than 24 hours from completing the purge,
the first sample will be field-tested for pH, temperature, specific conductivity, and turbidity. Samples will then be
collected and containerized in the order of the volatilization sensitivity of the target constituents.
When utilizing standard evacuation procedures on a high -yield well (one that yields 0.5 gallon per minute or
more), the monitoring well will be purged so that water is drawn down from above the screen in the uppermost
part of the water column to ensure that fresh water from the formation will move upward in the screen. If a pump
is used for purging, a high -yield well should be purged at less than 4 gallons per minute to prevent further well
development.
Standard evacuation procedure requires that a minimum of three casing volumes be evacuated from each well
prior to sampling. An alternative purge shall be considered complete if the monitoring well goes dry before
removing the calculated minimum purge volume. The well casing volume for a 2-inch well will be calculated using
the following formula:
Vc (gallons) = 0.163 x hwc
where:
Vc = volume of the casing (in cubic feet) = n x rz x hwc; r = radius of the casing (in feet) = 0.083; hwc = height of the
water column (i.e., monitoring well depth minus the measured depth to water); Vc (gallons) = Vc (in cubic feet) x
7.48 (gallons per cubic feet).
If disposable bailers are utilized for standard evacuation procedures, the bailers shall be equipped with a check
valve and bottom -emptying device. The disposable bailer will be lowered gently into the monitoring well to
minimize the possibility of degassing the water.
When using standard evacuation procedures, precautions to minimize turbidity in the samples will be taken (e.g.,
collecting samples most likely to be influenced by turbidity such as metals first). As with low -flow sampling
procedure, the direct -reading equipment used at each monitoring well will be calibrated in the field according to
the manufacturer's specifications prior to each day's use. Calibration information will be documented in the
instrument's calibration logbook and/or the field book.
4.1.2.3 Collection
Unless otherwise specified, samples will be collected and containerized in the order described below:
■ Volatile Organic Compounds (SW- 846 Method 8260)
�i GOLDER 10

December2019 1895531
Semi -Volatile Organic Compounds (SW- 846 Method 8270)
Herbicides (SW-846 Method 8151)
Pesticides (SW- 846 Method 8080)
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs; SW-846 Method 8082)
Cyanide and Sulfide
Total Metals
Field and General Chemistry Parameters (as applicable)
Whenever possible, samples will be transferred directly from field sampling equipment into pre -preserved,
laboratory -supplied containers.
4.1.2.4 Decontamination
Non -dedicated field equipment that is used for purging or sample collection shall be cleaned with a phosphate -
free detergent (e.g., AlconoxTM), and triple -rinsed with distilled water. Any disposable tubing used with non -
dedicated pumps should be discarded after use at each well. Clean, chemical -resistant nitrile gloves will be worn
by sampling personnel during monitoring well evacuation and sample collection. Measures will be taken to
prevent surface soils, which could introduce contaminants into the monitoring well during sampling, from coming
in contact with the purging and sampling equipment.
4.2 Sample Preservation and Handling
Upon containerizing groundwater samples, the samples will be packed into pre -chilled, ice -filled coolers and either
hand -delivered or shipped overnight by a commercial carrier to a NC certified laboratory for analysis. Sample
preservation methods will be used to retard biological action and hydrolysis, as well as to reduce sorption effects.
These methods will include chemical preservation, cooling/refrigeration at 4° C, and protection from light.
4.3 Chain -of -Custody Program
The chain -of -custody program will allow for tracing sample possession and handling from the time of field
collection through laboratory analysis. The chain -of -custody program includes sample labels, sample seal, field
logbook, and chain -of -custody record.
4.3.1 Sample Labels
Legible labels sufficiently durable to remain legible when wet will contain the following information:
■ Site and sample identification number
■ Monitoring well number or other location
■ Date and time of collection
■ Name (or initials) of collector
— Parameters to be analyzed
Preservative, if applicable
4 GOLDER 11

December 2019 1895531
Sample Seal
The shipping container will be sealed to ensure that the samples have not been disturbed during transport to the
laboratory. Sample seals should be labeled with instructions to notify the shipper if the seal is broken prior to
receipt at the laboratory.
4.3.3 Field Logbook
The field logbook will contain sheets documenting the following information:
Identification of the well
Well depth
Field meter calibration information
■ Static water level depth and measurement technique
■ Purge volume (given in gallons)
■ Time well was purged
■ Date and time of collection
■ Well sampling sequence
Types of sample containers used and sample identification numbers
Preservative used
■ Field analysis data and methods
■ Field observations on sampling event
■ Name of collector(s)
■ Climatic conditions including air temperatures and precipitation
4.3.4 Chain -of -Custody Record
The chain -of -custody record is required for tracing sample possession from time of collection to time of receipt at
the laboratory. A chain -of -custody record will accompany each individual shipment. The record will contain the
following information:
Sample destination and transporter
Sample identification numbers
Signature of collector
Date and time of collection
Sample type
Identification of well
GOLDER 12

December2019
Number of sample containers in shipping container
Parameters requested for analysis
Signature of person(s) involved in the chain of possession
Inclusive dates of possession
Internal temperature of shipping container upon opening in laboratory (noted by the laboratory)
1895531
A copy of the completed chain -of -custody form shall accompany the shipment and will be returned to the shipper
after the shipping container reaches its destination. The chain -of -custody record will also be used as the analysis
request or work order.
4.4 Analytical Procedures
A laboratory certified by the NC DEQ will be utilized for analysis of the groundwater and surface water samples.
Analyses will be performed in accordance with US EPA SW-846 methods in accordance with the US EPA
guidance document (USEPA, 1997). The monitoring parameters are listed in Table 3, along with the proposed
analytical methods. Alternate SW 846 methods may be used if they have the same or lower reporting limit. The
laboratory should report to the method detection levels (MDLs) and should report at or below established
groundwater and surface water standards, where applicable.
The laboratory certificates -of -analyses shall, at a minimum, include the following information:
• Narrative: Must include a brief description of the sample group (number and type of samples, field and
associated lab sample identification numbers, preparation and analytical methods used). The data
reviewer shall also include a statement that all holding times and Quality Control (QC) criteria were met,
samples were received intact and properly preserved, with a brief discussion of any deviations potentially
affecting data usability. This includes, but is not limited to, test method deviation(s), holding time
violations, out -of -control incidents occurring during the processing of QC or field samples and corrective
actions taken, and repeated analyses and reasons for the re -analyses (including, for example,
contamination, failing surrogate recoveries, matrix effects, or dilutions). The narrative shall be signed by
the laboratory director or authorized laboratory representative, signifying that all statements are true to the
best of the reviewer's knowledge, and that the data meet the data quality objectives as described in this
plan (except as noted). One narrative is required for each sample group.
• Original Chain -of- Custody Form.
• Target Analyte List (TAL)/Target Compound List (TCL): The laboratory shall list all compounds for which
the samples were analyzed. The TAL/TCL is typically included as part of the analytical reporting forms.
• Dilution factors with a narrative of the sample results, including the reasons for the dilution (if any).
• Blank Data: For organic analyses, the laboratory shall report the results of any method blanks, reagent
blanks, trip blanks, field blanks, and any other blanks associated with the sample group. For inorganic
analyses, the laboratory shall provide the results of any preparation or initial calibration blanks associated
with the sample group.
• QC Summary: The laboratory will provide summary forms detailing laboratory QC sample results, which
include individual recoveries and relative percent differences (if appropriate) for the following Quality
Assurance (QA)/QC criteria: surrogates, MS analyses, MSD analyses, LCS, and sample duplicate
GOLDER 13

December2019 1895531
analyses. QC control limits shall also be reported; if any QC limits are exceeded, a flag or footnote shall
be placed to indicate the affected samples.
• Additional QA data and/or other pertinent data may be reported as requested by the owner/operator of the
facility.
4.5 Quality Assurance and Quality Control Program
A field blank may be collected and analyzed during each monitoring event to verify that the sample collection and
handling process has not affected the quality of the samples. The field blank will be prepared in the field and
exposed to the sampling environment. As with all other samples, the time of the blank exposure will be recorded
so that the sampling sequence is documented. The field blank will be analyzed for the same list of constituents as
the groundwater samples.
The assessment of blank analysis results will be in general accordance with US EPA guidance documents (US
EPA 1993 and 1994). No positive sample results will be relied upon unless the concentration of the compound in
the sample exceeds ten (10) times the amount in any blank for common laboratory contaminants, or five (5) times
the amount for other compounds. If necessary, re -sampling will be performed as necessary to confirm or refute
suspect data; such re -sampling will occur within the individual compliance monitoring period.
Concentrations of any contaminants found in the blanks will be used to qualify the groundwater data. Any
compound detected in the sample, which was also detected in any associated blank, will be qualified "B" when the
sample concentration is less than five times the blank concentration. For common laboratory contaminants, the
results will be qualified "B" when the reported sample concentration is less than ten times the blank concentration.
The "B" qualifier designates that the reported detection is considered to represent cross -contamination and that
the reported constituent is not considered to be present in the sample at the reported concentration.
5.0 STATISTICAL METHODS
Statistical analysis of groundwater monitoring data is not required by regulation for landfill compliance. However,
it is allowed by regulation for the purposes of determining naturally occurring (i.e., background) concentrations of
constituents. If utilized, statistical evaluation of groundwater monitoring data will be performed in compliance with
industry standards including the US EPA's Unified Guidance Statistical Analysis of Groundwater Monitoring Data
at RCRA Facilities (March 2009), Interim Final Guidance (April 1989), and the Addendum to Interim Final
Guidance (July 1992).
6.0 SURFACE WATER MONITORING (RULE .0602)
In accordance with Rule .0602 of the NCSWMR, surface water monitoring locations have been established to
monitor surface water quality at the facility. There are no proposed changes to the current surface water
monitoring network associated with this permit amendment. Four surface water locations (SW 1 through SW-4)
will be monitored at the facility. The locations of proposed monitoring locations are shown on Drawing WQMP-1.
The upstream surface water monitoring point for both the MSW and C&D units (SW-2) which is located along
Horse Creek. Currently, no downstream surface water monitoring location is accessible on the landfill property or
via public access; therefore, several tributaries of Horse Creek are monitored instead. An additional upstream
monitoring location (i.e., upstream of the active C&D landfill) is located along a tributary of Horse Creek near the
southern property boundary and is known as SW-1. Downstream monitoring points SW-3 and SW-4 are
downstream monitoring locations along unnamed tributaries to Horse Creek. Samples from SW-3 and SW-4 are
4 GOLDER 14

December2019
1895531
collected at the property boundary where the unnamed tributaries exit the site as they flow toward Horse Creek.
Samples shall be collected at each of these locations only if flowing water is observed during the sampling event.
As presented in Table 1, the surface water monitoring locations monitored include:
SW-1
Upstream (Second Creek)
MSW/C&D
SW-2
Upstream (Second Creek)
MSW/C&D
SW-3
Downstream (Unnamed Tributary)
MSW/C&D
SW-4
Downstream (Unnamed Tributary)
MSW/C&D
These surface water monitoring points will be sampled semi-annually for analysis of Appendix I constituents, and
pH, specific conductivity, and temperature. The results of the analysis of the surface water data will be submitted
to the SWS at least semi-annually in conjunction with the groundwater data. Data will be compared to applicable
NC surface water standards, and those comparisons will be included with each submittal.
7.0 REFERENCES
HDR Engineering, Inc. of the Carolinas (HDR), Assessment of Corrective Measures Report, Moore County
Landfill, NC SWP# 63-01, Submitted to NC DENR: July 29, 2005.
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NC DEQ), Solid Waste Section (SWS), Guidelines for
Groundwater, Soil, and Surface Water Sampling, April 2008.
North Carolina Geologic Survey (NCGS), Geologic Map of North Carolina, 1985.
Sohl, Norman F. and Owens, James P., Cretaceous Stratigraphy of the Carolinas Coastal Plain, The Geology
of the Carolinas, pages 191-220, 1991.
4 GOLDER 15

December 2019
Signature Page
Sincerely,
Golder Associates NC, Inc.
Benj min S. Draper, PG, PMP
Senior Project Geologist
BSD/RPK/bsd:
q&
Rachel P. Kirkman, PG
Associate and Senior Consultant
Golder and the G logo are trademarks of Golder Associates Corporation
g:\projects\moore county\_current engineering\2018 permit amendment (env)\monitoring plans%water quality monitoring plan\finaR63-01_20191210 wqm plan.docx
1895531
GOLDER 16

TABLES

December 2019
Project No. 1895531
TABLE 1
Summary of Proposed Changes to the Groundwater Monitoring Network
Permit Amendment (Lateral Expansion - Cell 6) - Design Hydrogeologic Report - Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Moore County Landfill, NC SWP No. 63-01
Moore County, North Carolina
Quality�Wcurrent Water
liffl-c—Urrent Status IF Background :D Montoring Well 'EMSW Monitoring Well
MW-1 Active X
MNA Monitoring Well
X
MW-2
Active
X
X
MW-3
Active
X
X
MW-4
Active
X
X
X
MW-5
Active
X
X
X
X
MW-6
Active
X
X
MW-7
Active
X
X
MW-8
Active
X
X
MW-9
Active
X
X
MW-11 S
Inactive'
M W-11 SR
Active
X
X
X
MW-11 D
Inactive'
MW-11 DR
Active
X
MW-13S
Active
X
MW-13D
Active
X
MW-14
Active
X
X
MW-15
Inactive
MW-15R
Active
X
X
MW-16S
Active
X
X
MW-16D
Active
X
MW-17S
Inactive
MW-17D
Inactive
MW-18
Inactive
SW-1
Active
X
X
SW-2
Active
X
X
SW-3
Active
X
X
SW-4
Active
X
X
PW-1
Active
X
MW-1 Active
eMm
X6 X6
MW-2
Active
X6
X6
MW-3
Active
X6
X6
MW-4
Active
X
X
MW-5
Active
X
X
X
X
MW-6
Active
X
X
MW-7
Active
X
X
MW-8
Active
X
X
MW-9
Active
X
X
MW-11S
To Be Decommissioned
MW-11 SR
Active
X
X
MW-11 D
To Be Decommissioned
MW-11 DR
Active
X
MW-13S
To Be Decommissioned 8
MW-13SR
To Be Installed 8
X
MW-13D
To Be Decommissioned 8
MW-13DR
To Be Installed 8
X
MW-14
Active
XS
X
MW-15
Inactive
MW-15R
Active
X
X
MW-16S
Decommissioned 3
MW-16D
Decommissioned 3
MW-17S
Active
X
MW-17D
Active
X
M W-18
Active
X
SW-1
Active
X
X
SW-2
Active
X
X
SW-3
Active
X
X
SW-4
Active
X
X
PW-1
Active
X'
X - Denotes inclusion in column group
= Denotes change from current monitoring network
1.) Monitoring wells MW-11 SID were replaced by MW-11 SRIDR on June 1, 2018 and May 31, 2018, respectively. The replacement of these monitoring wells was requested in the Assessment
Monitoring Plan submitted by Golder on behalf of Moore County on January 5, 2018. The plan was subsequently approved by NC DEQ in a letter dated January 23, 2018. Monitoring wells MW-
11 S/D are currently monitored for water levels semi-annually.
2.) Monitoring well MW-15 was replaced by MW-15R on May 29, 2018. The replacement was also requested in the Assessment Monitoring Plan submitted on January 5, 2018 and subsequently
approved by NC DEQ in a letter dated January 23, 2018. In accordance with the Landfill Gas Remedation Plan, submitted by Golder on behalf of Moore County on January 31, 2018 and
subsequently approved by NC DEQ on February 14, 2018, former groundwater monitoring well MW-15 was converted to a methane probe which will be used to assess the effectiveness of the
recently installed landfill gas trench system.
3.) Monitoring wells MW-17S, MW-17D, and MW-18 were installed as part of the current design hydrogeologic report. Moore County was granted permission to replace monitoring wells MW-
16S/D with MW-17S/D by NC DEQ on February 22, 2019 due to concerns of the potential to compromise the integrity of these wells from site borrowing activities. Monitoring wells MW-16S/D
were last sampled during the April 2019 sampling event and decommissioned on May 17, 2019.
4.) As part of this WQMP, Moore County is requesting to decommission MW-11 S/D as these monitoring wells have been replaced. Existing monitoring well pair MW-11 S/D are located within the
proposed waste boundary. There is some concern that these monitoring wells, due to their location in a low lying area could potentially be a pathway for contaminants to reach the water table.
Moore County is requesting that MW-11S/D be decommissioned upon approval of this Water Quality Monitoring Plan.
5.) MW-14 is proposed a background well for the C&D landfill only.
6.) The County is proposing to monitor MW-1, MW-2, and MW-3 on a annual basis (during the fall of each year) as these wells are essentially nature and extent wells due to their location at the
facility. The monitoring wells upgradient of these wells (i.e., closer the waste unit) will continue to be monitored on a semiannual basis. Continuous semiannual monitoring results are available for
these wells dating back to April 2006; however, a few sample results are available which date to March 1990.
7.) The County is proposing to monitor PW-1 (the Blake well adjacent to the closed MSW landfill) on an annual basis as there is significant available historical data. The Blake well PW-1 has been
sampled on a semiannual basis since October 1996. Currently, the house is not occupied on a continuous basis.
8.) The County is proposing to decommission monitoring wells MW-13SID and replace them with MW-13SRIDR due to their close proximity to waste, the potential for the monitoring wells to be a
pathway to groundwater, and the County's desire to include this area in the current permit ammendment waste disposal area.
G 0 L D E R 1of1

December 2019
Project No. 1895531
TABLE 2
Summary of Groundwater Monitoring Well Construction Information
Permit Amendment (Lateral Expansion - Cell 6) - Design Hydrogeologic Report - Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Moore County Landfill, NC SWP No. 63-01
Moore County, North Carolina
Well Identification
MW-1
Construction
Date
06/05/87
Coordinates
Northing
508605.64
Easting
1854636.41
Ground Surface
Elevation
(ft AMSL)
390.70
Measuring Point
Elevation
(ft AMSL)
392.87
Total Well
D-
(feet)
20
Well Depth
AMSL)
370.70
(inches)
2
(ft bgs) On
6.97 - 17.07
(ft AMSL)
383.73 - 373.63
Sand
A I
Groundwater Monitoring Well Active
MW-2
06/06/87
508508.07
1853819.73
373.39
375.50
20
353.39
2
7.52 - 17.77
365.87 - 355.62
Sand
Groundwater Monitoring Well Active
MW-3
06/06/87
508781.79
1852845.34
362.00
363.82
16.5
345.50
2
5.75 - 15.88
356.25 - 346.12
Sand and Silty Clay
Groundwater Monitoring Well Active
MW-4
06/06/87
509793.80
1853641.22
363.40
366.19
15
348.40
2
4.28 - 14.09
359.12 - 349.31
Sand and Silty Clay
Groundwater Monitoring Well Active
MW-5
06/06/87
510970.55
1853091.84
384.06
386.61
20
364.06
2
6.96 - 17.21
377.10 - 366.85
Sand and Clayey Sand
Groundwater Monitoring Well Active
MW-6
03/06/95
510385.96
1853881.79
403.50
405.86
20
383.50
2
5.00 - 20.00
398.50 - 383.50
Sand to Silty Sand
Groundwater Monitoring Well Active
MW-7
03/06/95
509783.24
1853820.43
399.20
402.01
20
379.20
2
4.00 - 19.00
395.20 - 380.20
Sand, Silt, Silty Sand, Clay
Groundwater Monitoring Well Active
MW-8
03/06/95
509384.99
1853844.10
395.20
397.85
20
375.20
2
5.00 - 20.00
390.20 - 375.20
Sand, Silt, Silty Sand, Clay
Groundwater Monitoring Well Active
MW-9
03/06/95
508964.80
1854268.28
403.70
406.06
30
373.70
2
15.00 - 30.00
388.70 - 373.70
Silty Sand
Groundwater Monitoring Well Active
MW-11S
09/16/96
510361.58
1852939.03
380.36
382.34
20
360.36
2
5.00 - 20.00
375.36 - 360.36
Sand to Silty Sand
Groundwater Monitoring Well (Proposed Decommissionin
MW-11 D
09/16/96
510342.65
1852938.03
380.03
383.05
40
340.03
2
30.00 - 40.00
350.03 - 340.03
Silty Sand
Groundwater Monitoring Well (Proposed Decommissionin
MW-11SR
06/01/18
510452.38
1852905.36
383.41
386.13
28
355.41
2
18.00 - 28.00
358.13 - 368.13
Clayey Sand
Groundwater Monitoring Well Active
MW-11DR
05/31/18
510453.00
1852911.56
383.41
386.36
44
339.41
2
34.00 - 44.00
342.36 - 332.36
Sand
Groundwater Monitoring Well Active
MW-13S
09/18/96
509580.75
1853131.47
386.35
388.88
20
366.35
2
5.00 - 20.00
381.35-366.35
Sand to Silty Sand
Groundwater Monitoring Well (Proposed Replacement & Decommissionin
MW-13D
09/18/96
509568.07
1853130.65
385.65
388.04
40
345.65
2
30.00 - 40.00
355.65 - 345.65
Sand to Silty Sand
Groundwater Monitoring Well (Proposed Replacement & Decommissionin
MW-14
09/16/96
510056.32
1853641.99
397.88
400.58
20
377.88
2
5.00 - 20.00
392.88 - 377.88
Sand to Silty Sand
Groundwater Monitoring Well Active
MW-15R
05/29/18
510589.03
1854391.51
428.81
431.48
47
381.81
2
37.00 - 47.00
384.48 - 374.48
Sand
Groundwater Monitoring Well Active
MW-16S
04/17/03
509789.42
1852386.76
384.00
386.00
24
360.00
2
14.00 - 24.00
370.00 - 360.00
Sand to Silty Sand
Decommissioned
MW-16D
04/17/03
509778.32
1852396.77
384.10
386.10
44
340.10
2
34.00 - 44.00
350.00-340.00
Clay
Decommissioned
MW-17S
06/04/18
509704.03
1852096.70
371.45
374.16
18.0
353.45
2
8.00 - 18.00
363.45 - 353.45
Sand
Groundwater Monitoring Well Active
MW-17D
06/01/18
509693.71
1852101.52
372.05
374.56
34.0
338.05
2
29.00 - 34.00
343.05 - 338.05
Clay/Sandy-Clay
Groundwater Monitoring Well Active
MW-18
06/04/18
509369.85
1852249.28
365.35
368.50
13
352.35
2
5.00 - 13.00
360.35 - 352.35
Gravel, Sand, Clay
Groundwater Monitoring Well (Proposed)
Notes:
1.) ft AMSL = feet above mean sea level
2.) ft BGS = feet below ground surface
3.) Well construction information for monitoring wells MW-1 through MW-16S/D collected from boring logs and well construction records from HDR Engineering, Inc. of the Carolinas July 2006 Water Quality Monitoring Plan. TOC and Ground Elevations are taken from the July 2005
Assessment of Corrective Measures Report and/or well records where available.
GOLDER
Page 1 of 1

December 2019
Project No. 1895531
TABLE 3
Summary of Proposed Constituents and Analytical Methods
Permit Amendment (Lateral Expansion - Cell 6) - Design Hydrogeologic Report - Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Moore County Landfill, NC SWP No. 63-01
Moore County, North Carolina
Backgroygi�
M4M
Fw-4
MW-11SR
MW-11DR
C&D Monitoring
MW-13SR
Well
MW-13DR
Network
MW-14
1W
MW-17S
MW-17D MW-18 -'-I
MW-3
MSW Monitoring
MW-6
Well Network
MW-7
MW-8
MW-9
MW-15R
Surface
Water Monitoring
Network
SW-4
Private Well
Parameters
Methods
y
����������aaaaaaaaaaaaa
z
-Nitrate/Nitrite
a
- rr .
..
•
Volatile Fatty AcidS2
Not Applicable 4
7 '
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
E
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
a - .- . -
- - - =
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
... • .
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
a .--
- - - -
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
s
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa�����
3 =
X - Denotes inclusion in column group
= Proposed to move these monitoring wells to annual monitoring (in the fall of each year) based on location from source and the existance of significant historical data.
1.) The only recent additional Appendix 11 constituent detected at the C&D monitoring network is Napthalene. Napthalene will continue to be monitored in select monitoring wells annually during the spring event within the C&D monitoring network in accordance with NCAC 13B .0545.
2.) Volatile fatty acids and dissolved hydrogen will continue to be monitored every 5 m year in accodance with a letter received from NC DEQ on April 18, 2008 and incorporated into a Corrective Action Evaluation Report (the next report will follow the sampling performed in 2021; therfore, VFAs and hydrogen will be collected next in 2021.
3.) VOCs = Volatile Organic Compounds
4.) No EPA method number currently exists for the analysis of volatile fatty acids.
GOLDER
1of1

December 2019 Project No. 1895531
TABLE 4
Proposed Water Quality Monitoring Schedule
Permit Amendment (Lateral Expansion - Cell 6) - Design Hydrogeologic Report - Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Moore County Landfill, NC SWP No. 63-01
Moore County, North Carolina
MW-5
Site Background
X
MW-4
Active C&D Landfill; Closed MSW Landfill
X
MW-11SR
Active C&D Landfill; Closed MSW Landfill
X
MW-11DR
Active C&D Landfill
X
MW-13SR
Active C&D Landfill
X
MW-13DR
Active C&D Landfill
X
MW-14
Active C&D Landfill
X
MW-17S
Active C&D Landfill
X
MW-17D
Active C&D Landfill
X
MW-18
Active C&D Landfill
X
MW-1
Closed MSW Landfill
X
MW-2
Closed MSW Landfill
X
MW-3
Closed MSW Landfill
X
MW-6
Closed MSW Landfill
X
MW-7
Closed MSW Landfill
X
MW-8
Closed MSW Landfill
X
MW-9
Closed MSW Landfill
X
MW-15R
Closed MSW Landfill
X
SW-1
Active C&D Landfill; Closed MSW Landfill
X
SW-2
Active C&D Landfill; Closed MSW Landfill
X
SW-3
Active C&D Landfill; Closed MSW Landfill
X
SW-4
Active C&D Landfill; Closed MSW Landfill
X
PW-1
Closed MSW Landfill
X
X - Denotes inclusion in column group
1 of 1

DRAWINGS

GROUND OBSCURED
SEE ACCURACY NUTF
0.00
�.�..�.
SITE LOCATION MAP
NOT TO SCALE
`�. ❑SW-3�
f� u
i�
BLAKE RESIDENCE (PRIVATE WELL)
`POND
LEGEND
—
STREAM, POND, AND WETLAND LIMITS
EXISTING 10 FT GROUND SURFACE CONTOUR
EXISTING 2 FT GROUND SURFACE CONTOUR
PROPERTY LINE
APPROXIMATE LIMITS OF WASTE
--— — — — — — —
EXISTING ROAD
OMW-3
MONITORING WELL AND IDENTIFICATION
❑SW-2
SURFACE WATER MONITORING POINT AND IDENTIFICATION
BMW-13SR
PROPOSED GROUNDWATER MONITORING WELL AND IDENTIFICATION
I
I NOTES
1. TOPOGRAPHIC CONTOUR INTERVAL = 2 FEET
\ J
I 2. PROPERTY BOUNDARY SURVEY BY JAMES L. WRIGHT DATED NOVEMBER 1984. ITS LOCATION
IS RELATIVE TO TOPOGRAPHY APPROXIMATE BY HDR ENGINEERING, INC.
3. EXISTING TOPOGRAPHY WITHIN ACTIVE AND PROPOSED LANDFILL PROVIDED BY MATTHEWS - LAND SURVEYING & MAPPING, PLLC DATED APRIL 17, 2015 AND JUNE 2018.
4. MONITORING WELLS MW-6 THROUGH MW-16 SURVEYED APRIL 1995, SEPTEMBER 1996, AND
APRIL 2003 BY HDR ENGINEERING INC.I ED BUCKNER RLS APRIL 17, 2015.
O I 5. MONITORING WELLS MW-17S/D, MW-18, MW-ti S/DR, MW-15R, PZ-1, PZ-2, AND PZ-3 WERE
SURVEYED BY FLEMING ENGINEERING ON JULY 2, 2018.
-J
SCALEHOUSE
i
CLIENT
MOORE COUNTY PUBLIC WORKS
PO BOX 1927
CARTHAGE, NORTH CAROLINA
CONSULTANT PE C-2862 YYYY-MM-DD
2019-09-24
PG C-399 PREPARED
BSD
G O L D E R DESIGN
BSD
REVIEW
RPK
COLDER ASSOCIATES NO, INC. APPROVED
RPK
0 200 400 1.
SCALE FEET
o
PROJECT o
MOORE COUNTY LANDFILL (PERMIT#63-01)
456 TURNING LEAF WAY
ABERDEEN, NORTH CAROLINA
TITLE —
WATER QUALITY MONITORING PLAN -
PROJECT No. Rev. DRAWING
1895531 004 0 WQMP-1

APPENDIX A
Boring Logs and Well Construction
Records

RECORD OF BOREHOLE MW-17S SHEET 1of 1
PROJECT: Moore County DRILL RIG: Deidrich D-50 NORTHING: 509,704.03 DEPTH W.L.: 11.79'
PROJECT NUMBER: 1895531 DATE STARTED: 6/4/18 EASTING: 1,852,096.70 ELEVATION W.L.: 362.37
DRILLED DEPTH: 18.00 ft DATE COMPLETED: 6/4/18 GS ELEVATION: 371.45 DATE W.L.: 6/11/18
LOCATION: Aberdeen, INC TOC ELEVATION: 374.16 ft TIME W.L.: 1501
SOIL PROFILE
SAMPLES
Z
U
ELEV.
z
p
PIEZOMETER
PIEZOMETER
w
❑
>
DESCRIPTION
= c�
a p
w
w
c>
DIAGRAM and NOTES
CONSTRUCTION
DETAILS
DEPTH
W
w
❑
a
p
(ft)
0
0
0.00 - 4.00
3P
WELL CASING
SAND, organics in upper 3", medium to fine, some clay, tan, moist,
g pp y
Interval: 0'-8'
370
loose
Portland
Material: Schedule 40 PVC
SP
Type I - 3
Diameter:2"
Cement
Joint Type: Threaded
fed in
WELL SCREEN
367.45
Interval: 8'-18'
Material: Schedule 40 PVC
4.00 - 7.00
4.00
5
CLAY, lean clay with medium to fine sand, white and tan, stiff,
1/4"
Bentonite-
Diameter: 2
Slot Size:0.010"
W-PLand W<PL
CL
Pellets
End Cap:
365
FILTER PACK
364.45
Interval: 6'-18'
Type: #2 Filter Sand
7.00 -10.00
7.00
SILTY SAND, some clay, medium to fine, tan, red, and orange,
loose to compact, mosit
FILTER PACK SEAL
SM
-
Interval:4'-6'
Type: 1/4" Bentonite Pellets
10--
361.45
#2Filter_
ANNULUSSEAL
10.00 - 18.00
10.00
Sand
Interval: 0'-4'
SAND, some silt, medium to fine, some coarse, tan, grey, white,
Type: Portland Type I
and some purple, loose, wet
Cement
360
WELL COMPLETION
Pad: 3'x3'x6"
Protective Casing: Steel
0.010"
SP
Slotted-
DRILLING METHODS
Screen
Soil Drill: 4.25 inch HSA
15
355
353.45
Boring completed at 18.00 ft
20
350
25
345
30
340
35
335
40
LOG SCALE: 1 in = 5 ft GA INSPECTOR: W. Ballow
DRILLING COMPANY: SAEDACCO CHECKED BY: Ben Draper, P.G.
DRILLER: Stephan Smith DATE: 9/3/19 G O L D E R

RECORD OF BOREHOLE MW-17D SHEET 1of 1
PROJECT: Moore County DRILL RIG: Deidrich D-50 NORTHING: 509,693.71 DEPTH W.L.: 17.22'
PROJECT NUMBER: 1895531 DATE STARTED: 6/1/18 EASTING: 1,852,101.52 ELEVATION W.L.: 357.34
DRILLED DEPTH: 34.00 ft DATE COMPLETED: 6/1/18 GS ELEVATION: 372.05 DATE W.L.: 6/11/2018
LOCATION: Aberdeen, NC TOC ELEVATION: 374.56 ft TIME W.L.: 1502
SOIL PROFILE
SAMPLES
Z
U
ELEV.
O
Z
w
O
PIEZOMETER
PIEZOMETER
is v
v
a 0
W
a
BLOWS
O
DIAGRAM and NOTES
CONSTRUCTION
❑
w
DESCRIPTION
O
J
per 6 in
;
w
DETAILS
uJ
D DEPTH
C')
140 lb hammer
ZZ
30 inch drop
0
0.00 - 0.30
SP
0.30
-
N:
WELL CASING
SAND with organics
1
a
1-1-2-1
3
1.80
Interval: 0'-29'
0.30 - 2.00
SP
cn
2.00
Material: Schedule 40 PVC
SAND, medium to fine, tan, noncohesive,
-.
370.05
=n
Diameter: 2"
370
moist
un
°'g
Joint Type: Threaded
2.00
2.00 - 3.50
SAND, medium to fine, tan, non -cohesive,
SP
-
368.55
2
2-1-4-6
5
2.00ee
2.00
M.
0
`i'.
B°
WELL SCREEN
moist
Interval:29'-34'
CLS
368.05
w
a
Material: Schedule 40 PVC
3.50 - 4.00
q 00
SANDY CLAY, medium sand, tan, cohesive,
°aS
Diameter: 2
Slot Size: 0.010"
5
moist
CLS
3
EL
3-5-7-11
12
2:00
ag
365.55
, e
End Cap:
4.00 - 6.00
CLAY, lean claywith medium to fine sand
0
°BeO
FILTER PACK
CLS
365.55
zones, whtie and tan, stiff clay, compact
2.00_°
Interval: 27'-34'
365
sand, moist
SP
364.8
4
5-7-9-10
16
2.00
Type: #2 Filter Sand
6.00 - 6.50
SM
364.05
CLAY, lean clay with medium sand, tan,
°°3°
°g's
FILTER PACK SEAL
8 00
cohesive, W-PL
SC
39
°°
use
Interval: 25'-27'
5
a_
4-4-4-4
8
2:00
-
Type: 1/4" Bentonite Pellets
6.50 - 7.25
SAND, medium to fine, tan, non -cohesive,
SC
005
10
compact, moist
-
362.05
1
1
99
ANNULUS SEAL
7.25 - 8.00
10.00
peo
paa
Interval: 0'-25'
SILTY SAND, medium to fine, red,
SM
6
a_
2-1-1-1
2
2'00
°°r
es^
TCe: Port land Type I
non -cohesive, compact, moist
n
2.00
e ent
360
360.05
Portland
,z
a
WELL COMPLETION
8.00 - 9.00
CLAYEY SAND, medium to fine, orange,
12.00
non -cohesive, loose, moist
SP
7
1-2-2-4
4
2.00
Type I
Cement
ee
oo
a
as
Pad: 3'x3'x6"
Protective Casing: Steel
9.00 -10.00
co
2.00
CLAYEY SAND, medium to fine, orange,
-
358.05
°^^^
DRILLING METHODS
14.00
non -cohesive, loose, wet
Soil Drill: 4.25 inch HSA
10.00 - 12.00
15
SP
8
0_
3-1-4-4
5
2.00
:i
SILTY SAND, medium to fine, tan to grey,
rn
2.00
non -cohesive, loose, moist
356.05
12.00 - 14.00
16.00
SAND, coarse to medium, purple to white,
2.00
355
non -cohesive, loose, wet
SP
9
3-1-2-2
3
2.00
14.00 - 16.00
354.05
SAND, coarse to medium, tan with purple
ae
-22
�
18.0092
streaks, non -cohesive, loose, moist
SP
353.05
a
2.00
10
n
2-3-4-30
7
2.00
16.00 - 18.00
19.00
SAND, coarse to medium, tan with purple
streaks, non -cohesive, loose, moist
CL
352.05
20
fig31.9
18.00 - 19.00
20.00
w
,N
SAND, coarse to medium, tan with purple
CL
11
(L
4-39-50
>50
2 00
streaks, non -cohesive, loose, moist
350.05
350
�„
19.00 - 20.00
CLAY, fat clay with fine sand, grey to purple,
22.00
cohesive, dry, dense, W<PL
CL
12
N
12-22-30-36
>50
2.00
r
20.00 - 22.00
CLAY, fat clay with fine sand, grey to purple,
348.05
kp
24.00
cohesive, dry, dense, W<PL
moo
25
CL
0purple,
13
EL
5-12-20-23
32
2.00
22.00 - 24.00
CLAY, fat clay with fine sand, dark grey to
2.00
1/4"
cohesive, dense, W<PL
346.05
Bentonite -
24.00 - 26.00
26.00
Pellets
345
CLAY, fat clay with medium sand, light grey,
CL
14
d
6-11-19-19
30
2.00
cohesive, stiff, W-PL
rn
2.00
344.05
26.00 - 28.00
28.00
CLAY, fat clay with coarse to medium sand,
pink to grey, cohesive, stiff, W-PL
2.00
CLS
15
�
5-7-8-10
15
2.00
28.00 - 30.00
SANDY CLAY, medium sand, tan, cohesive,
342.05
#2 Filter
30
firm, W-PL
_
Sand
30.00
30.00 - 32.00
2.00
SANDY CLAY, medium sand, tan, cohesive,
CLS
16
(L
2-4-7-8
11
2.00
firm, W-PL
340.05
0.010"
340
Screen
32.00 - 34.00
32.00
SANDY CLAY, medium sand, tan, cohesive,
2.00
firm, W-PL
CLS
17
3-4-8-8
12
2.00
338.05
34.00 - 36.00
34.00
CLAY, fat clay, grey, cohesive, stiff, W<PL
2.00
35
CL
18
N
12-15-20
27
2.00
336.05
Boring completed at 34.00 ft
36.00
335
40
LOG SCALE: 1 in = 5 ft GA INSPECTOR: D. Reedy
DRILLING COMPANY: SAEDACCO CHECKED BY: Ben Draper, P.G.
DRILLER: Stephan Smith DATE: 9/3/19 G O L D E R

RECORD OF BOREHOLE MW-18 SHEET 1of 1
PROJECT: Moore County DRILL RIG: Deidrich D-50 NORTHING: 509,369.85 DEPTH W.L.: 7.12'
PROJECT NUMBER: 1895531 DATE STARTED: 6/4/18 EASTING: 1,852,249.28 ELEVATION W.L.: 361.38
DRILLED DEPTH: 13.00 ft DATE COMPLETED: 6/4/18 GS ELEVATION: 365.35 DATE W.L.: 6/11/2018
LOCATION: Aberdeen, NC TOC ELEVATION: 368.5 ft TIME W.L.: 1459
SOIL PROFILE
SAMPLES
Z
U
ELEV.
O
Z
w
O
PIEZOMETER
PIEZOMETER
is v
v
a 0
W
a
BLOWS
O
DIAGRAM and NOTES
CONSTRUCTION
❑
w
DESCRIPTION
O
J
per 6 in
;
w
DETAILS
uJ
D DEPTH
CO
1401b hammer
ZZ
30 inch drop
O
365
0.00 - 2.00
SAND, fine to medium sand, dark brown to
H
1 70
-
Flortland gee
Type I moo
WELL CASING
Interval: 0'-5'
black from U-0.7', tan 0.7'-2', ve loose, d
ry ry
SP
1
a
m
1-2-2-3
4
2.00
Cement
Materal:Schedule 40PVC
-
363.35
1/4„
Diameter: 2"
Bentonite-
Pellets
Joint Type: Threaded
2.00 - 4.00
2.00
SAND, medium to coarse sand, -60 %
1.80
quartz, tan, light brown, some orange -brown
SP
2
a.
2-3-2-5
5
2.00
WELL SCREEN
in bottom, uniformly graded, loose, moist
361.35
Interval: 5'-13'
Material: Schedule 40 PVC
4.00 - 6.00
4.00
5
SAND, some gravel from 5.5'-13% medium to
SP
3
1-2-6-7
8
1.80
Diameter: 2
0.010"
360
coarse sand, brown, tan brown,
EL
2.00
End CaSlot p:
p:
orange -brown, loose, wet
359.35
6.00 - 8.00
6.00
FILTER PACK
SAND, trace clay, medium to coarse sand,
a
2.00
Interval: T-13'
-70% quartz sand, light brown, subangular
SP
4
n
5-3-2-3
5
2.00
Type: #2 Filter Sand
to subrounded, uniformly graded, loose, wet
357.35
#2 Filter
_
Sand
FILTER PACK SEAL
8.00 -10.00
d
8.00
GRAVELLY SAND, trace clay, medium to
-
2.00
Interval: 1'-2'
coarse sand, light brown from 8'-9', light
SPG
5
1-1-2-6
3
2.00
Type: 1/4" Bentonite Pellets
grey from 9'-10', very loose, wet
355.35
0.010"
ANNULUS SEAL
10
355
Slotted -
Screen
Interval: 0'-1'
10.00 - 12.00
0
10.00
GRAVELLY SAND, some clay1 T-12' ,
-
2.00
Type: Portland Type I
medium to coarse sand, light brown, light
SPG
� �
6
�
2-1-1/12"
2
2.00
Cement
grey, some purple (clay), very loose, wet
353.35
WELL COMPLETION
12.00 - 13.00
12.00
SAND, some gravel, medium to coarse
SP
352.35
1.90
Pad: 3'x3'x6"
sand, -60 % quartz sand, suban ular to
9
7
a
Cn
14-15-16-50
31
1.90
Protective Casing: Steel
13.00
subrounded, light brown, light grey, dense,
CLS
351.35
wet
DRILLING METHODS
14.00
Soil Drill: 4.25 inch HSA
13.00 - 14.00
15
SANDY CLAY, some silt, light grey mottled
350
orange and purple, hard, dry, W<PL
Boring completed at 13.00 it
20
345
25
340
30
335
35
330
40
LOG SCALE: 1 in = 5 ft GA INSPECTOR: W. Ballow
DRILLING COMPANY: SAEDACCO CHECKED BY: Ben Draper, P.G.
DRILLER: Stephan Smith DATE: 9/3/19 G O L D E R

DEPTH
FT.
8„0
14.0
15.,0
DESCRIPTION ELEV. PENETRATION -BLOWS PER FT.
Loose Pink, Tan Slightly Silty Slightl
Clayey Coarse SAND (SP)
. 9
2
Very Loose ran, Pink Slightly Silty
Coarse SAND (SP)
9
tztt ink, an Medium Sandy7LAY
rn
Boring Terminated at 15„0
BORING AND SAMPLING MEETS ASTM D-I586
CORE DRILLING MEETS ASTM D-21I3
PENETRATION IS THE NUMBER OF BLOWS OF 140 LB HAMMER.
FALLING 30 IN.. REQUIRED TO DRIVE 14 IN I, D SAMPLER I FT.
UNDISTURBED SAMPLE — WATER TABLE-24HR
j50�% ROCK CORE RECOVERY -!--:—WATER TABLE -I HR.
I•1m
TEST BORING RECORD
MW-4
BORING NO,.
DATE DRILLED 6� 6—S7
,SOB NO. 4112-87-146
SOIL & MATERIAL ENGINEERS, INC.,

Well Number:MGI-k __ • briiling Hetbod: Auger r
Date Started:&-6-87 Drilling Fluids: Hone
Date Finished: 6- - Static Water Level: Date:
Geologist/Engineer: Hav s Observed By:
Remarks'
O.,D„ of Borehole: "
ALL DEPTHS REFERENCED FROM GROUND SURFACE
O.D. of Casing: " _
''sill Length of Screen- "
LOC+CABLE CAP T I -
{1 Screen Opening Size:Q.OIO"
PROTECTIVE C
ELEVATION OF
GROUNO SURFACE
Portland
{TYPE)
2" S chC
(SIZE 9 TYPE)
B ENTOMTE
SAND
2" Sch 40 PVC
(StZE 6 TYP
IP DtSTA NLE 2.80
0.0
M TO TOP OF BENTOHITE
H TO TOP OF GRAVEL, 2.5
H TO TOP OF SCREEN
i
TN TO BOTTOM OF SC CEN 14.09
l
AL DEPTH 15.0
PROJECT SOILS MATERI AL ENGI NEERS, IN C.
Moore County Landfill RAL,EI GH, NORTH CAROLINA
Moore County, North Caroli I
a
SCALE",
JOB NO:
F I G .• NO'..
N.T.S.
4112-87-146

4 J
Geologist Log: MW-1 G
Project: Moore County Landfill Project No: 07372-2934
Client. Moore County Ground Elevation: 381.0
Location: Moore County Geologist: P. May r
SUBSURFACE PROFILEM>E
M
Description[20
hear Strength Q Remarks
o blows/ft 0 co!r 40 60 80
Cleared area used to store mulch, mulch was 0.0s
,
removed leaving clayey sand surface similar to
I 1 1
1 3' - 5'.
2 (Note: data copied from MW-16D log)
r —T _
3
I t I t
I
SAND 3.0
I I 1
I i I I
Light tan to orange clayey, fine to medium
4
1 1 1 I
grained, grades to light tan 4 4.5, small 1 8
20" "' —1-- J— —I— —
amount of mica throughout, some quartz,
quar
f E I I
I I
5 moist.
! I
t I 1
I
6
i 1 I
I t I I
i
7
I I t I Portland Type 1
8 -8.0
1 I I Cement
1 I r I
White, light tan, and tan -orange, clay, fine to
T -" 1
medium grained, higher clay associated with
9
I I I
tan color, very moist 0 10', some quartz. 2 12
16" t t I
10
4 t I I
T
11
I 1 I 1 3/8" Bentonite
1 I 1 I
12
I 1 t Chips
1 I i I
13 -13.0
l
Light tan - white, fine to medium grained,
! 1 E I
clayey, grades to tan - orange very clayey
14
sand to white, tan, and tan orange, sandy clay, 370 0 3 8
14" - t — 4 _ --I —
striated, fine to medium quartz gravel, wet.
15
t I 1 f
1 I I I
ifi
i t I l
t ! ► i
I
17
I ! I
I 1 1 1
�RDrilled By: Graham & Currie HDR Engineering, Inc. of the Carolinas Hole Size: 8"
128 S. Tryon Street
Drill Method: HSA Suite 1400
Top of Casing:86.�
Drill Date: 411 7/2003 Charlotte, NC 28202
Sheet: 1 of 2

Geologist Log: MW-16D
Project. Moore County Landfill Project No: 07372-2934
Client: Moore County Ground Elevation:��• .
Location: Moore County Geologist: P. May
SUBSURFACE PROFILE
SAMPLE
Shear Strength ca
Remarks
r
Description
�
a
3
u
blows/it --
W
Z
H
o
Fn
N
20 40 60 80
0f
-3
-2
Ground Surface
+ + t t
Cleared area used to store mulch, mulch was
removed leaving clayey sand surface similar to
r
1
3'-V.
2
"l
+ ! ! I
-3.0
+ + 1 t
3
SAND
l I I !
Ught tan to orange clayey, fine to medium
1
8
20"
i _ 1 _ �1_ —1 _
t t I I
4
grained, grades to light tan 0 4.5', small
! ! I +
amount of mica throughout, some quartz,
+ + ! l
5
moist.
I + + t
I ► I t
t— -}--i— 'I-
6
I { ! +
E + I I
7
t I + t
-8.0
-I-_-i--I--+--
8
White, light tan, and tan•orange, clay, fine to
t + 1 !
t
medium grained, higher clay associated with
2
12
16"
I I +
I + ! l
9
tan color, very moist @ 101, some quartz.
I t I I I
_ 1- _I - Portland Type I
10
! t t +- Cement
+ + + I
i t l
ii
1
1 f l I
i I 1 l
12
+ ! l I
-13.0
I l t +
13
Light tan - white, fine to medium grained,
+ l 1 I
1 + + 1
clayey, grades to tan - orange very clayey
3
8
14"
t _ -+ _ —1
14
sand to white, tan, and tan orange, sandy clay,
F
striated, fine to medium quartz gravel, wet.
4 i f I
1 15
I t I I
-r_I--1--I—_
16
I t i I
17M
Drilled By: Graham & Currie HDR Engineering, Inc. of the Carolinas Hole Size: e"
T128 S. Tryon Street
Drill Method: HSA
Suite 1400 Top of Casing:
Charlotte, NC 28202 Sheet: t of 3
r Drill Date: 4/17/2003

Geologist Log: MW-1 SD
Project.- Moore County Landfill Project No: 07372-2934
Client. Moore County Ground Elevation:
Location: Moore County Geologist: P. May •
SUBSURFACE PROFILE
SAMPLE
r
Description
�
Shear Strength
o Remarks
a
E
> E 3
blows/ft
❑
Uj
LEI Z
20 40 60 BO
Tan, pink, coarse grained clayey, fine to
E
medium quartz gravel, lower 5" tight, clayey
! 1 1 I
- 38
sand, mottled gray, tan, pink, and white, some
mica and quartz throughout.
38.5
_ I _ f I
- T " �- -I- -
#2 Silica Send
39
Tan, pink, medium to coarse grained, 8" of
8
I ! I f
I I 1
Pack
mottled gray, tan, sandy clay, quartz and mica
8
► I f
40
throughout.
I 1 f f
41
I 1 r 1
1 ! f I
i i f f
'-
42
1 1 I I
I E t— — I
I-- —
43
I f f t
1 1 1 I
I
End of Borehole
44.
�
1 I I 1
45
I t i r
1 I 1 I
46
f I I 1
_1_1--�--L-
! I 1 I
47
I E I
48
f
1 I 1 I
I i I i
49
I E t I
I f 1 I
1
50
I 1 I
t 1 I I
--4--4--4--a--
I l ! I
51
I t I I
I I I 1
52
! f I t
1 I I i
-t-i--1--1 —
1 I 1 I
53
I ! f I
1 I I t
54
1 E f 1
I f 1 I
1 r i i
55
t I t 1
1 I I I
56
I I 1 I
i ! f 1
I 1 f I
57-I—
Drilled By: Graham & Currie HDR Engineering, Inc, of the Carolinas Hole Size: 8"
i28 S. Tryon Street
Drill
Method: I-ISA
Suite 1400
Top of Casing:
��
Charlotte, NC 28202
Drill Date: 4/17/2003
Sheet: 3 of 3

RECORD OF BOREHOLE MW-11 DR SHEET 1 of 2
PROJECT: Moore County DRILL RIG: Deidrich D-50 NORTHING: 510,453.00 DEPTH W.L.: 15.94'
PROJECT NUMBER: 1895531 DATE STARTED: 5/31/18 EASTING: 1,852,911.56 ELEVATION W.L.: 370.42
DRILLED DEPTH: 44.00 ft DATE COMPLETED: 5/31/18 GS ELEVATION: 383.41 DATE W.L.: 6/11/18
LOCATION: Aberdeen, NC TOC ELEVATION: 386.36 ft TIME W.L.: 1435
SOIL PROFILE
SAMPLES
Z
V
ELEV.
z
W
a
O
a
MONITORING WELL/
WELL
c
W"
c
�"
rn
x(
w
w
BLOWS
J
v
PIEZOMETER
CONSTRUCTION
o
J
DESCRIPTION
as O
Ja
y
per 6 in
DIAGRAM and NOTES
DETAILS
uJ
o
DEPTH H
h-
<
140lb hammer
Z
30 inch drop
0
0.00 - 0.30
Organic layer
CL0
WELL CASING
1
(L
2-3-3-4
6
Interval: 0'-34'
0.50
1.80
0.30 - 0.50
SC
v)
2.00
Material: Schedule 40 PVC
CLAY with medium sand
//,
381.41
Diameter: 2"
° 3
Joint Type: Threaded
0.50 - 2.00
2.00
SAND, medium sand, little clay, yellow,
~
1.70
loose, dry
SM
2
(L
2-1-1-6
2
2.00
te'
{°
WELL SCREEN
380
379.41
Mg
m
Interval: 34'-44'
2.00 - 4.00
SILTY SAND, medium sand, little fine sand,
2.
Material: Schedule 40 PVC
4.00
silt, black, very loose, moist (FIIL)
N.
Wge
ag
Diameter: 2
Slot Size: 0.010"
4.00 - 6.00
5
SM
3
(L
2-4-6-8
10
2 00
SILTY SAND, medium sand, little fine sand,
-
377.41
. ss
rw
End Cap:
trace coarse sand, silt, black, very loose,
FILTER PACK
6.00
moist (FIIL)
0.20
M.
Interval: 32'-44'
6.00 - 8.00
FILL
4
7 4 4-6
8,
2.00
N
Type: #2 Filter Sand
FILL, brick debris
375.41
375
3e
°°w
=8
°°
FILTER PACK SEAL
8.00 -10.00
8.00
- - -
SAND FILL, medium, brick debris, black,
1.00
Ise
Interval: 30'-32'
loose, moist
FILL11
5
(L
8-5-4-7
.'9
2.00
-9
Type: 1/4" Bentonite Pellets
10
373.41
ANNULUS SEAL
10.00 - 12.00
10.00
opeo
paa
Interval: 0'-30'
FILL, brick debris
0.20
gr
er
Type: Portland Type I
FILL
6
a
6-5-3-2
8
2.00
%
,a^
Cement
371.41°°
>8°
WELL COMPLETION
12.00 - 14.00
12.00
SANDY CLAY, fine to medium sand, light
1 00
Leo
Pad: 3'x3'x6"
grey, soft, W-PL
CLS
7
2-2-2-3
4
2.00
>s
Protective Casing: Steel
370
369.41
DRILLING METHODS
14.00 - 16.00
14.00
Portland
Soil Drill: 4.25 inch HSA
15
SANDY CLAY, fine to medium sand, light
9
CLS
8
2-1/12"-5
1
1.20
Type I -
_°<
t5
Rock Drill: N/A
grey, very soft, W-PL
2.00
Cement
woe
3 67.41
16.00 - 18.00
16.00
SAND, medium sand, little to trace silt and
1.50
clay, yellow, saturated
SP
9
a
�
5-2-3-5
5
2.00
365.41
365
18.00 - 20.00
18.00
An
22
SAND, medium sand, little to trace silt and
a
2.00
clay, yellow, saturated
SP
10
m
4-5-6-5
11
2.00
Ea
22
20
363.41
308
20.00 - 22.00
20.00
SAND, medium sand, little to trace silt and
2.00
I
_=
clay, trace coarse sand and clay nodules,
SP
11
a
Cl)
1-1-3-5
4
2.00
vaee
fea
yellow, saturated
361.41
22.00 - 24.00
22.00
SAND, medium sand, little to trace silt, trace
$'
°g
coarse sand, pink to brown to light
SP
12
m
0-2-3-3
5
0
360
brown/tan, saturatedg41„
k oo
`
24.00 - 26.00
24.00
Roo
SAND, medium sand, trace fine and coarse
2.00
25
sand, trace clay and silt, pink to white,
SP
13
N
2-4-1-12
5
2.00
compact, saturated
35741
up
'g
26.00 - 28.00
26.00°
SAND, medium sand, trace fine and coarse
2.00
sand, trace gravel, trace clay and silt, pink
SP
14
m
2-6-9-16
15
2.00
xe,
to white, compact, saturated
355.41
355
28.00 - 30.00
-
28.00
ooan
>a
SAND, medium sand, trace coarse and fine
2.00
^g's
sand, trace silt and clay, pink to light grey,
SP
15
EL
2-4-7-15
11
2.00
white, compact, saturated
353.41
30
30.00 - 32.00
30.00
SAND, medium and coarse sand, trace silt
1.00
1/4"
and clay, pinkish white to tan, very loose,
SP
16
a
m
1/12"-34
3
2.00
Bentonite-
saturated
351.41
Pellets
32.00 - 34.00
32.00
SAND, medium and coarse sand, trace silt
2.00
and clay, pinkish white to tan, very loose,
SP
17
EL2-3-9-10
12
2.00
350
saturated
349.41
34.00 - 36.00
34.00
SAND, medium and coarse sand, trace silt
2.00
35
and clay, trace fine gravel, pinkish white to
SP
18
N
3-3-6-11
9
2.00
tan, very loose, saturated
347,41
#2 Filter_
36.00 - 38.00
36.00
Sand
SAND, medium and coarse sand, trace silt
2.00
and clay, trace fine gravel, pinkish white to
SP
19
N
3-3-6-11
9
2.00
tan, very loose, saturated
345.41
345
38.00 - 40.00
38.00
SAND, medium sand, trace silt and clay,
2.00
white, loose, saturated
SW
20
N
4-2 4-8
6
2.00
343.41
0.010"
40
Loq continued on next page
LOG SCALE: 1 in = 5 ft GA INSPECTOR: W. Ballow
DRILLING COMPANY: SAEDACCO CHECKED BY: Ben Draper, P.G.
DRILLER: Stephan Smith DATE: G O L D E R

RECORD OF BOREHOLE MW-11DR SHEET 2of2
PROJECT: Moore County DRILL RIG: Deidrich D-50 NORTHING: 510,453.00 DEPTH W.L.: 15.94'
PROJECT NUMBER: 1895531 DATE STARTED: 5/31/18 EASTING: 1,852,911.56 ELEVATION W.L.: 370.42
DRILLED DEPTH: 44.00 ft DATE COMPLETED: 5/31/18 GS ELEVATION: 383.41 DATE W.L.: 6/11/18
LOCATION: Aberdeen, NC TOC ELEVATION: 386.36 ft TIME W.L.: 1435
SOIL PROFILE
SAMPLES
Z
V
ELEV.
z
W
a
O
a
MONITORING WELL/
WELL
c
W"
c
�"
rn
x(
w
w
BLOWS
J
v
PIEZOMETER
CONSTRUCTION
o
J
DESCRIPTION
as O
Ja
y
per 6 in
DIAGRAM and NOTES
DETAILS
uJ
o
H
DEPTH
h-
<
140lb hammer
Z
30 inch drop
40
40.00 - 42.00
40.00
° e
WELL CASING
SAND, fine san, trace medium sand, clay,
SW
21
4-2-3-8
5
1 00
Screen
Interval: 0'-34'
and silt, pink to white, loose, saturated
(L
2.00
Material: Schedule 40 PVC
341.41
Diameter: 2"
42.00 - 43.00
42.00
Joint Type: Threaded
SAND, fine san, trace medium sand, clay,
SW
°
340.41
2.00
340
and siltP
, ink to white, loose, saturated
22
0-
v)
3-5-6-9
11
2.00
WELL SCREEN
SW
°
339.91
43.00 - 43.50
CLS
339.41
Interval: 34' 44'
SAND, medium sand, fine gravel, yellow,
Material: Schedule 40 PVC
compact, saturated
Diameter: 2
45
Slot Size: 0.010"
43.50 - 44.00
SANDY CLAY
End Cap:
Boring completed at 44.00 ft
FILTER PACK
Interval: 32'-44'
Type: #2 Filter Sand
FILTER PACK SEAL
335
Interval: 30'-32'
Type: 1/4" Bentonite Pellets
50
ANNULUS SEAL
Interval: 0'-30'
Type: Portland Type I
Cement
WELL COMPLETION
Pad: 3'x3'x6"
Protective Casing: Steel
330
DRILLING METHODS
Soil Drill: 4.25 inch HSA
55
Rock Drill: N/A
325
60
320
65
315
70
310
75
305
80
LOG SCALE: 1 in = 5 ft GA INSPECTOR: W. Ballow
DRILLING COMPANY: SAEDACCO CHECKED BY: Ben Draper, P.G.
DRILLER: Stephan Smith DATE: G O L D E R

RECORD OF BOREHOLE MW-11 SR SHEET 1 of 1
PROJECT: Moore County DRILL RIG: Deidrich D-50 NORTHING: 510,452.38 DEPTH W.L.: 15.89'
PROJECT NUMBER: 1895531 DATE STARTED: 6/1/18 EASTING: 1,852,905.36 ELEVATION W.L.: 370.24
DRILLED DEPTH: 28.00 ft DATE COMPLETED: 6/1/18 GS ELEVATION: 383.41 DATE W.L.: 6/11/2018
LOCATION: Aberdeen, NC TOC ELEVATION: 386.13 ft TIME W.L.: 1450
SOIL PROFILE
SAMPLES
Z
V
ELEV.
z
a
O
a
MONITORING WELL/
WELL
w
>"
rn
=�
w
w
v
PIEZOMETER
CONSTRUCTION
o
w
DESCRIPTION
a 0
Ja
y
w
DIAGRAM and NOTES
DETAILS
w
DEPTH
(ft)an
0
0.00 - 0.30
Organic material
CL
WELL CASING
0.50
Interval: 0'
0.30 - 0.50
Material: Schedule 40 PVC
CLAY
SC
Diameter: 2"
° 3
Joint Type: Threaded
0.50 - 3.00
SAND, medium tan
380.41
380
MgtB°
WELL SCREEN
3.00 -12.00
3.00
SAND, black, fill, moist, non -cohesive, loose, moist
Interval: 18'-28'
Material: Schedule 40 PVC
Diameter: 2
5
ooa^ a&
Slot Size: 0.010"
g°
rw
End Cap:
FILTER PACK
Portland Sao
Inte rval:16'-28'
Type I -
Type: #2 Filter Sand
SC
Cement
FILTER PACK SEAL
375
Interval:14'-16'
Type: 1/4" Bentonite Pellets
10
ggR
ANNULUS SEAL
opeo paa
Interval:0'-14'
Se eS3
Type: Portland Type I
a°
Cement
371.41
)'°^
>f°
WELL COMPLETION
12.00 - 13.00
12.00
Silly SAND, grey, non -cohesive, loose, moist
SM
376.41
Pad: 3'x3'x6"
370
,eo pa3
Protective Casing: Steel
13.00 - 14.00
-13,00
CLAY, fat clay with medium sand, grey, cohesive, moist, W-PL
CH
369.49.
DRILLING METHODS
14.00 -18.00
14.00
1/4
Soil Drill: 4.25 inch HSA
15
CLAY, lean clay with medium sand, red, cohesive, moist, W-PL
Bentonite -
Rock Drill: N/A
Pellets
CH
365.41
18.00 - 28.00
18.00
365
CLAYEY SAND, coarse, tan, non -cohesive, wet
20
#2 Filter
_
Sand
SC
360
25
0.0101,
Slotted -
Screen
355.41
Boring completed at 28.00-ft
355
30
350
35
345
40
LOG SCALE: 1 in = 5 ft GA INSPECTOR: D. Reedy
DRILLING COMPANY: SAEDACCO CHECKED BY: Ben Draper, P.G.
DRILLER: Stephan Smith DATE: G O L D E R

DEPTH
BELOW
GROUND
SURFACE
1.0 FT
3.0 FT
5.0 FT
PROTECTIVE
PIPE HEIGHT
MONITORING WELL
INSTALLATION DIAGRAM
382.34 FT
1.98 FT
GROUT MIX:
PORTLAND TYPE I CEMENT
BENTONITE SEAL:
3/8-INCH SEN70NITE PELLETS
IMPERVIOUS ZONE:
3.0 FT THICK
PERMEABLE ZONE:
17.0 FT THICK
MOORE COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
PEIZOMETER NO.: MW-11S
BORING NO.: B-115
JOB NO.: 07625-001-018
PREPARED BY: J. ISHAM
CHECKED BY:
DATE: _ 9/16/96
EL. 380.36 FT.
TOP OF GROUND
SURFACE
PROTECTVE METALOASING
4-INCH SQUARE BLACK STEEL
WELL BOX WITH LOCKING COVER
RISER PIPE: SCHEDULE _ 40 _
ASTM DESIGNATION:
ID: _-2 0-ilv_CL _ OD: _
COUPLINGS: __ ?HRADED FT
PIPE IN 10_0 FT. LENGTHS
PIPE--_L1)- I M. FT
PIPE — LL5.O FT
SCREEN _ M-5.O 1 _ t0.0 FT
TOTAL: 21.98 ------ FT
THICKNESS OF UPPER SEAL 2.0 FT
LENGTH OF SCREEN 15.0 FT
SAN D 17.0 FT
FT
20.0 FT BOTTOM OF BORING
REMARKS: ALL MEASUREMENTS TO THE NEAREST 0.1 FT.
N=_2,999.7523
E=2,914.1607
FDR En&ew nQ Ia.

PROJECT: MOORE COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
PROJECT NO: 07625-001-018
LOCATION: HIGHWAY 5, ABERDEEN, NC
BORING LOG
NUMBER I DEPTH I SPT I T I WL I S1
BORING NUMBER: B-1 1 D PAGE: 1 of 1-
DATE: 9/ 16/96
DESCRIPTION (USCS) I COMMENTS I
4'
SS-1 17 SS v TAN, MEDIUM TO COARSE GRAINED, MEDIUM -
DENSE CLAYEY SAND (SC), MOIST, SLIGHTLY
8' PLASTIC, MOTTLED MAROON AND BROWN.
SS-2 6 SS TAN, YELLOW TO BROWN, COARSE TO VERY
COARSE -GRAINED, LOOSE SAND (SM), WET,
MOTTLED, IRON OXIDE STAINING.
SS-3 1 6' 20 SS TAN, YELLOW, MAROON, WHITE, MEDIUM -DENSE,
COARSE TO VERY COARSE -GRAINED SAND (SM),
VERY WET, MOTTLED, IRON OXIDE STAINING.
SS-4 21 SS SAME AS ABOVE (SM), MEDIUM TO COARSE -
GRAINED, ALTERNATING LENSES OF MAROON,
24' WHITE, YELLOW AND TAN SAND WITH FINES, WET.
SS-5 24 SS SAME AS ABOVE (SM), MINOR CLAY STRINGERS
28' (GRAY), WET
SS-6
19
SS
=
WHITE TO TAN, COARSE -GRAINED, MEDIUM -DENSE
I
-
SAND (SM), MOTTLED YELLOW, MAROON AND
BROWN, WET, FINES MIXED
_-
AT
SS-7
36'
17
SS
NO SAMPLE OBTAINED DUE TO HEAVING SANDS.
-� ORILLIIv
-
24 H
BOREHOLE COMPLETION: 40 FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE
51 - SCREEN
SS - SP�IT5Po0N
WATER DEPTH: 6.75 FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE DATE: 9/17/96
5� �NENUr .
ti
ST - SHELBY TUBE
T -rfPE
DRILLING METHOD: 4 1/4—INCH HOLLOW STEM AUGERS
a
WL - WATER LEVEL
m
LOGGED BY: J. ISHAM
0
Q
�►�
a

DEPTH
BELOW
GROUND
SURFACE
0
26.0 FT
28.0 FT
30.0 FT
PROTECTIVE
PIPE HEIGHT
MONITORING WELL
INSTALLATION DIAGRAM
383.05 FT
3.02 FT
GROUT MIX:
PORTLAND TYPE I CEMENT
BENTONITE SEAL-
3/8-INCH BENTONITE PELLETS
IMPERVIOUS ZONE:
28.0 FT THICK
PERMEABLE ZONE:
12.0 FT THICK
MOORE COUNTY C&D LANOFILL
PEIZOMETER NO.: Mw-11D
B0RING NO.: B-1 ID
JOB NO.: 07625-001-018
PREPARED BY: J. 15HAM
CHECKED BY:
DATE: . _.-_. 9/16/96
EL. 380.03 FT.
TOP OF GROUND
SURFACE
PROTECTIVEMEIAL CASING
4-INCH SOUARE BLACK STEEL
WELL BOX WITH LOCKING COVER
RISER PIPE:
SCHEDULE
__ 40__
ASTM DESIGNATION: --------
ID: _.�9 �iNCH _ OD:
----
COUPLINGS:
THREADED FT
PIPE IN _ 10.0
FT
LENGTHS
PIPE------.C1J=3_0Z
--M
FT
PIPE _-_�3��?
0_ 0 ----
FT
SCREEN
�_10.0__-_-_
FT
TOTAL: _43_02 __--__ Fi
THICKNESS OF UPPER SEAL 2.0 FT
LENGTH OF SCREEN 10.0 FT
SAND 12.0 FT
FT -- - - - - - - -
40.0 FT - - - - - - - - BOTTOM OF BORING
REMARKS: ALL MEASUREMENTS TO THE NEAREST 0.1 FT.
fDq N=3 01 1 .4497
E=2,914.0764
MDR Er4roerina kr-

W
0
m
ct
0
0
DEPTH PROTECTIVE
BELOW PIPE HEIGHT -
GROUND
SURFACE
O
1
3.0 FT
I•�a"
MONITORING WELL
INSTALLATION DIAGRAM
388.88 FT
2.53 FT
GROUT MIX:
PORTLAND TYPE I CEMENT
BENTONITE SEAL:
3/8-INCH BENTONITE PELLETS
IMPERVIOUS ZONE:
3.0 FT THICK
PERMEABLE ZONE:
17.0 FT THICK
FT
za.oFT �---
MOORE COUNTY C&D LANDFILL I
PEIZOMETER NO.: MW-13S
BORING NO: B-13S
JOB NO: 07625-001-018
PREPARED BY: J. ISHAM _
CHECKED BY:
DATE: 9/18/96 _
EL. 386.35 FT,
TOP OF GROUND
SURFACE
PROTECTIVE METAL CASING
_4-INCH SQUARE BLACK STEEL
WELL BOX WITH LOCKING COVER
RISER PIPE: SCHEDULE
ASTM DESIGNATION: .......
ID:-2�0-1Ii2H _ OD: _
COUPLINGS: THR�Dj.Q___ FT
PIPE IN __ D_a __ FT LENGTHS
PIPE U _ FT
PIPE _._fit Z 5N0 _ FT
SCREEN _�5.0� �o_o _ FT
TOTAL: __22_53 FT
THICKNESS OF UPPER SEAL 2.0 FT
LENGTH OF SCREEN 15.0 FT
SAN D 17.0 FT
-- — — — — — _ I [BOTTOM OF BORING
R MARK : ALL MEASUREMENTS TO THE NEAREST 0.1 FT.
N=2 218.1284
E=3 106.6545
HOR Enolee k-a rfC
c_

J
PROJECT: MOORE COUNTY C&D LANDFILL PROJECT NO: 07625-001--018
LOCATION: HIGHWAY 5, ABERDEEN, NC BORING NUMBER: B-13D
PAGE: 1 Of 1
BORING LOG
DATE: 9/18/96
NUMBER
DEPTH
SPT
T
WL
SI
DESCRIPTION (USCS)
COMMENTS
4'
TAN, MAROON, WHITE, YELLOW AND BROWN,
SS-1
26
SS
MEDIUM -DENSE, MEDIUM TO COARSE -GRAINED
CLAYEY SAND (SC), MOTTLED, SLIGHTLY MOIST.
YELLOW, BROWN AND TAN, MEDIUM -DENSE,
8
SS-2
22
SS
'
MEDIUM TO COARSE -GRAINED SAND (SM)
WITH FINES, MOTTLED MAROON, IRON OXIDE
STAINING, WET
YELLOW, TAN, WHITE AND MAROON, MEDIUM -DENSE,
SS-3
1 6'
26
SS
MEDIUM TO COARSE -GRAINED SAND (SM),
FINES MIXED, WET
NO SAMPLE RECOVERED DUE TO HEAVING
SS-4
24
SS
SANDS
2 4'
2 8'
3 2'-
v AT
36'
DRILLING
-1-� 24 HR
BOREHOLE COMPLETION: 40 FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE
K Y:
SI - SCREEN
SS - SPUTSPDON
TEST-N NU BER"
WATER DEPTH: 9 9.3 FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE DATE: 9/19/96
ST - SHELBY TUBE
T - TYPE
wL - WATER LEVEL
DRILLING METHOD: 4 1/4-INCH HOLLOW STEM AUGERS
laq
� �
I
LOG�tD BY. J ISHAM

DEPTH
BELOW
GROUND
SURFACE
2 6. 0 FT
28.0 FT
30.0 FT
F7
an n
MONITORING WELL
INSTALLATION DIAGRAM
PROTECTIVE
PIPE HEIGHT
388.04 FT
2.39 FT
GROUT MIX:
PORTLANO TYPE I CEMENT
BENTONITE SEAL:
3/8-INCH BENTONITE PELLETS
IMPERVIOUS ZONE:
28.0 FT THICK
PERMEABLE ZONE:
12.0 FT THICK
MOORE COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
PEIZOMETER NO.: Mw-13D
BORING NO.: B-13D
JOB NO.: 07625-001-018
PREPARED BY: J. ISHAM
CHECKED BY:
DATE: _. _ 18/96
EL, 385.65 FT.
TOP OF GROUND
SURFACE
PROTECTIVE METAL CASING
4-INCH SQUARE BLACK STEEL
WELL BOX WITH LOCKING COVER
RISER PIPE: SCHEDULE __
40__
ASTM DESIGNATION:
ID: OD:—
COUPLINGS: THRFA Q
_ �FT
PIPE IN _ �_0FT. LENGTHS
PIPE — _-1��_39
Fl
PIPE .--NL3-) i o.o _
FT
SCREEN �1�_ 10.0
FT
TOTAL: --- 42.39 -- ---
F i i
THICKNESS
OF UPPER
SEAL
2.0 IT
LENGTH OF
SCREEN
10.0
FT
SAND 12.0 FT
BOTTOM OF BORING
NEAREST D.t FT.
N=2 207.4862
REMARK,._ ALL MEASUREMENTS TO THE
- -
E=3,108.5434
HDR Ercheerin% k,c.

due
20 „(
DESCRIPTION
ELEV. ,♦PENETRATION -BLOWS PER FT,'.
60 80 100
0 10 20 30 40
Medium Dense Tan Slightly Silty
Coarse SAND with Gravel (SP)
W
13
21
Loose to Medium Dense, Gray, Orange
Slightly Silty Clayey Coarse SAND
(Sp)
22
Boring Terminates at 20 ft.
BORING AND SAMPLING MEETS ASTM D-1566
CORE DRILLING MEETS ASTM D-2113
PENETRATION IS THE NUMBER OF BLOWS OF 140 LB. HAMMER,
FALLING 30 3N REQUIRED TO DRIVE 14 IN I D SAMPLER I FT
00 UNDISTURBED SAMPLE = WATER TABLE-24HR
150 % ROCK CORE RECOVERY WATER TABLE-IHR.
M
TEST BORING RECORD
BORING NO, � L --»
DATE DRILLED 6-�-87
JOB NO, 4112-87-146
SOIL & MATERIAL ENGINEERS, INC.

-
drilling Hechod:
Well Number: MW= Auger
Dace Started:
Drilling Fluids: Done
Date Finished- 6 ji me, B7 Static Water Level: Date:
Geologist/Engineer:Hayes Observed By:
Remarks:
O,.D.. of Borehole: 6.5"
ALL DEPTHS REFERENCED FROM GROUND SURFACE O j} of Casing-.--. 2.375'
- �_ Length of Screen:
1 0 . 1 0 !
LOCKABLE CAP 0. 01 �!!
Screen Opening Size:
PROTECTME C
ELEvxTiOm OF
GROUND SURFACE
E_ortland
Cr TPEI
2" Sch 40 PVC
{SIZE 6 TYPEi
BENTONITE
SAND
211 Sch 40 Pl
{StZ E a TV?
IP OISTANCE 2 • 3 3
0.0
.
I
H TO TOP OF SENTONITE 3..
4..5'
-K TO TOP OF GRAVEL
rH TO TOP OF SCREEN 6.47 r
r
'TH TO BOTTOM OF SCREEN 1La7_
1
rAL DEPTH
PROJECT SOIL& MATERIAL ENGINEERS, INC.
Moore Co„ Landfill RALEI GH , NORTH CAROLINA
Moore County, North Carola a
S C ALE: NTS
JOB NO;; 4112-87-146
FIG., NO::

DEPTH
FT.
0
RE
13.0
20„(
DESCRIPTION ELEV. OPENETRATION--BLOWS PER FT.
n In 20 30 40 60 60 100
BORING AND SAMPLING MEETS ASTM D-1586
CORE DRILLING MEETS ASTM D-2113
PENETRATION IS THE NUMBER OF BLOWS OF 140 LB HAMMER.
FALLING 301N REQUIRED TO DRIVE 14 IN I D SAMPLER i FT.
UNDISTURBED SAMPLE WATER TABLE-24HR
_= WATER TABLE-1 HR.
ROCK CORE RECOVERY -
5.0
TEST BORING RECORD
BORING NO KW-2
DATE DRILLEDl=L=8-7 —
4112-87-146
JOB NO.
.--�-
SOIL & MATERIAL. ENGINEERS, INC.

Well Number:, Mw-2 ! 6rfiling. Hethod:Auger _- -
Date Started: 6-6-87 _ Drilling Fluids:None n
Date Finished: 6-k-EZ Static Water Level: Date:
Geologist/Engineer: Haves Observed By:
Remarks:
ALL DEPTHS REFERENCED FROM GROUND SURFACE
LOCKABLE
PROTECTIVE C
Et.,EVATFOH OF
GROUND SURFACE
Portland
(TYPE)
211 i 40 PVC
(SIZE S TYPE]
B ENTOH[T£
SAND I
2" Sch 40 PV1
(SIZE % TTPt
PROJECT
Moore County Landfill
Moore County, North Caroli
O.,D,. of Borehole: tl
O.,D., of Casing: :1C; T ,
Length of Screen: 30-751 _
Screen Opening Size: 0-nin"
rP OISiAHCE
0.0
H TO TOP Of BENTOHITE 1 .35`
H TO TOP OF GRAVEL 2.42
M TO TOP OF SCR££N 7.52r
A DEPTH TO BOTTOM OF SCREEN 17.77,
TOTAL DEPTH 20.0'
SOIL 5 MATERIAL ENGINEERS, INC. SCALE:. N.T.s
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA JOB NO:4112-87-146
FIG. NO:.

DEPTH DESCRIPTION ELEV. *PENETRATION --BLOWS PER FT.
FT 0 10 20 30 40 60 80 100
14..0
16..`
Medium Dense to Loose Tan Slightly
Clayey Coarse SAND (SP)
11
4
i
Hard Tan, Pink Medium Sandy Silty CLAY(CL)
r
Boring 'Terminated at 16..5 ft.,
BORING AND SAMPLING MEETS ASTM D-1586
CORE DRILLING MEETS ASTM D-2113
cn PENETRATION IS THE NUMBER OF BLOWS OF 140 LB HAMMER,
FALLING 30 IN. REQUIRED TO DRIVE 1,4 IN.. I D SAMPLER I FT.
UNDISTURBED SAMPLE = WATER TABLE-24HR
�5C�°% ROCK CORE RECOVERY WATER TABLE-IHR,
5
TEST BORING RECORD
BORING NO. MW-3
DATE DRILLED
4112-87-146
JOB NO.
—
SOIL & MATERIAL ENGINEERS, INC„

Well Nusber: - 0 $rikfing Method: Auger _
Date Started:-6-6-87 Drilling Fluids: None
Date Finished:6-6-87 Static Water. Level: Date:
Geologist/Engi.neer:.Rgyps — Observed By:
Remarks: -
0,.D, of Borehole: 6•5"
ALL DEPTHS REFERENCED FROM GROUND SURFACE 2.375"
O.D. of Casing:
Length of Screen- 10.13`
LOCKABLE CAP
Screen Opening Size: nin" _
PROTECTrVE C
ELEvaTrON Of
GROUND SURFACE
Portland
(TYPE)
2'1,o�) 40 PI
(SIZE S TYPE)
B EHroN1TE
$AND
2" Sch 40 P
(SIZE & TYP'
IP DISTANCE 2.25
H TO TOP OF BENTOHITE i - 9
r
'H TO TOP OF GROVEL_ 3.0
r
H TO TOP OF SCREEN 5.75
•
1
DEPTH TO BOTTOM OF SCREEN L5 . u —
TOTAL OEvrm 16.5
PROJECT SOILS MATERIAL ENGINEERS, INC. SCALE:, N.T.S.
Moore County Landfill RAL.EIGH, NORTH CAROLINA JOB NO" 4112-87-146
Moore County, North Caroli a FIG„ NO..

DEPTH
FT
DESCRIPTION ELM PENETRATION—BL01WS PER 7.
n in 20 30 40 60 80 100
4 „0
WIP
14
19..0
20..0
Tan Brown 5jigntiy
SAND (SW)
18
Medium Dense Pink Tan Slightly Silty
Clayey Coarse SAND (SC)
9
Medium Dense Pink -Tan Slightly Silty
Coarse SAND (SP)
12
Medium Dense Tan -Gray Silty, Clayey
Coarse to Fine SAND (SC)
6
Medium Dense Tan -Pink Slightly Clayey
Q
Boring Terminated at 20..0 ft.
*Coarse SAND (SP)
BORING AND SAMPLING MEETS ASTM D-1586
CORE DRILLING MEETS ASTM 0- 2113
PENETRATION IS 7HE NUMBER OF BLOWS OF 140 LB HAMMER,
FALLING 30 IN. REQUIRED TO DRIVE 14 IN I D SAMPLER I FT
UNDISTURBED SAMPLE = WATER TABLE-24HR.
I501% POCK CORE RECOVERY = WATER TABLE-] HR
9..5
TEST BORING RECORD
mw-BORING NO. 6.�- 8 --
DATE DRILLED---
JOB NO, 411-145
SOIL & MATERIAL. ENGINEERS, INC„

• method'.-- Auger
Well Number:_ W S - • dri ang
Dace Started- 6 R7 Drilling Fluids:
None
Static tracer Level: Date:
Date Finished: f,—R-87
Geologist/Engineer:_Hay.QG Observed By:
Remarks:
0„D,, of Borehole: 6.511
ALL OEPTKS REFERENCED FROM GROUND SURFACE D. of Casing'. 2.37511
Length of Screen:
J_OCKA8LE CAP I11 0OTt
1Screen Opening Size:.01 L
PROTECTIVE C
ELEVATION OF
GROUND SURFACE
Portland
(T"ET
2i1 Sch 40 PVC
(SIZE a TrpE]
BENTO wTE
SAND
2" Sch 40 F
(SIZE IL TTI
�P OISTANCE 2.91I
m.
3„40'
N To Top OF BENTONITE
fN TO TOP OF GRAVEL 5.0�
6.96
TN TO TOP OF SCREEN
PTN TO BOTTOu OF SCREEN 17 . 21,
i
TAL DEPTH 20.0
PROJECT SOILS MATERIAL ENGINEERS, INC
Moore County Landfill RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA
Moore County, North Caroli a
S C ALE':.
JOB NO:.
FIG.. NO
N.T.S.
411.2-87-146

f
PROJECT:
MOORE
COUNTY LANDFILL
PROJECT NO: 07625-001-018
LOCATION:
JACKSON HAMLET
60RING NUM13ER: 8-6
PAGE: 1 of 1
BORING
LOG
DATE: 3/6/95
NUMBER
DEPTH
SPT T WL SI
DESCRIPTION (USCS)
COMMENTS
UPPER 1', DENSE, BROWN, MED--GRAINED
4'
SILTY SAND W/ 1 /4 —1 /Z' QTZ PEBBLES
(SM), THEN 4 LIGHT GRAY, MASSIVE,
SS-1
12,20.21 SS
VERY FINE SILT (ML) OR CLAY (CL), THEN
3" DENSE, RED MED—GRAINED SILTY
8'
SAND (SM), DRY.
UPPER 3", LIGHT GRAY, MASSIVE, V. FINE
SS-
9,12,17 SS
SILT (ML) OR CLAY (CL), THEN V. FIRM,
VARIGATED BROWN TO MAROON COARSE
SILTY SAND W/SOME QTZ PEBBLES (SM),
DRY
SS-3
8,9,11 SS
INTERBEDDED, FIRM, YELLOW —BROWN,
FINE TO COARSE, SILTY SAND (SM), WET
EOH @ 20'
SS--4
8,10,12 SS
VERY FIRM, VARIGATED YELLOW —BROWN,
RED --BROWN, MAROON, COARSE TO VERY
COARSE, W/SOME QTZ PEBBLES, SILTY T
24'
CLEAN SAND (SM—SP), WET.
28'
32'
36'
40'
BOREHOLE COMPLETION:
20'
ILYL
!N - SCREEN
SS - SPUTSPOON
WATER
DEPTH:
13.9' BELOW GRADE
DATE: 3/ 13/95
SPT - SOL PDNETRJ D M
TEST-it'^M
ST - SHELBY TUBE
T - TYPE
v& - WATER LEVEL
DRILLING METHOD: HOLLOW STEM AUGERS
lir"IR
LOGGED BY:
C. WELTY

MONITORING WELL
INSTALLATION DIAGRAM
PROTECTIVE
DEPTH PIPE HEIGHT FT
BELOW
GROUND
SURFACE STICKUP FT
i o
1 FT
3 FT
5 FT
2.3 FT
GROUT MIX:
LEAN PORTLAND/BENTONITE SLURRY
-RENTQI.TE SEAL
1 BAG SENTONITE CHIPS. 50 LBS.
IMPERVIOUS ZONE:
3 FT THICK
PERMEABLE ZONE:
17 FT THICK
PEiZOMETER NO..: WW-6
BORING NO..: B-6
JOB NO..: 07625-001--018
PREPARED 8Y: C- WELTM
CHECKED By: C. LEE
DATE:. 3/6/95. _
EL. 403.5 FT.
TOP OF GROUND
SURFACE
PR TECTTVE METAL CASING
LOCKING
RISER PIPE: SCHEDULE
ASTM DESIGNATION: ---------
ID: __Z---- OD: ---------
COUPLINGS: - T1jBl6Qfp_w FT
PIPE IN _ 10 _ FT LENGTHS
PIPE FT
SCREEN _____.__ t 5 --------- FT
TOTAL:--------22.3------- FT
THICKNESS OF UPPER SEAL 2 FT
LENGTH OF SCREEN 15 FT
SAND 17 FT
20 FT }�
20 FT J BOTTOM OF BORING
R MARK ALL MEASUREMENTS TO THE NEAREST 0.1 FT.
HDR 6 vg. kr- MOORE COUNTY LANDFILL

s
PROJECT: MOORE COUNTY LANDFILL PROJECT NO: 07625-001-018
LOCATION: JACKSON HAMLET BORING NUMBER: B-7 PAGE: 1 of 1
BORING LOG DATE: 3/6/95
NUMBER DEPTH SPT T WL Sl DESCRIPTION (USCS) COMMENTS
UPPER HALF OF SAMPLE IS FIRM, VARIGATED
4' MAROON, COARSE TO VERY COARSE, PEBBLY,
SILTY SAND (SM). LOWER HALF IS VERY FIRM
SS-1 10,10,11 SS BRIGHT YELLOW -BROWN, FINE-GRAINED SILTY
SAND (SM), DRY..
8 1 DENSE, VARIGATED LIGHT TAN, YELLOW -BROWN,
MAROON, MEDIUM TO COARSE SILTY SAND WITH SOME.
CLAY RIP -UP CLASTS (SM), DRY
SS-2 13,17,21 SS
UPPER QUARTER OF SAMPLE IS VERY FIRM,
VARIGATED YELLOW -BROWN TO RED, MEDIUM
SILTY SAND (SM). MIDDLE HALF IS VERY FIRM,
1 6' 10,12,12 SS LIGHT GRAY, YELLOW --BROWN TO LIMONITE -YELLOW,
SS- 3 FINE CLAYEY SAND (SC) WITH A 1" -Z" SANDY CLAY
LENS BOTTOM QUARTER IS YELLOW -BROWN TO GRAY-
BROWN, MEDIUM TO COARSE SILTY SAND (SM), MOIST.
EOH ® 20'
SS-4 9,9,12 SS VERY RRM, VARIGATED LIMONITE -YELLOW, YELLOW -BROWN,
RED, mMOON, MEDIUM TO VERY COARSE SILTY SAND (SDI)
2 4' WITI.1 A Z' GRAY VERY FINE SILT (ML) OR CLAY (CL)
NDR BOTTOM, WET
28'
32'
36'
40'
BOREHOLE COMPLETION: 20' K Y
Si - SMEEN
55 - SPL[iSPooN
SPT - WL PDORADON
WATER DEPTH: 1 1 .9' BELOW GRADE DATE: 3/13/95 SHELBY TUBE
-
T - IYPE
WL - WATER LML
DR{LLING METHOD: HOLLOW STEM AUGERS
LOGGED BY: C WELTY

DEPTH
BELOW
GROUND
SURFACE
0 FT
2 FT
4 FT
of
MONITORING WELL
INSTALLATION DIAGRAM
PROTECTIVE
PIPE HEIGHT FT
STICKUP FT
GROLIT MIX:
LEAN PORTLAND/BENTONTE SLURRY
BENTQNITE AFC.'
I 9AG SENTONRE CHPS. 50 LBS_
IMPERVIOUS ZONE:
2 FT THICK
PERMEABLE ZONE:
17 FT THICK
PEIZOMIETFR No.: IJW 7
BORING NO, : 8-7
,108 No.,: 07625-001-018
PREPARED BY: C. WELTY
CHECKED BY: C. LEE
DATE: _ 3 fi 95 —
EL 399.2 FT.
TOP OF GROUND
SURFACE
PROTECTIVE METAL CASING
LOCKING
RISER PIPE: SCHEDULE ____ N
ASTM DESIGNATION:
ID: OD:
COUPLINGS: TFIffb=
PIPE IN 10 _ FT. LENGTHS
ppE __1-10 CUT 4 _8!z 1 FT
SCREEN 15 FT
TOTAL: 21.8 FT
THICKNESS OF UPPER SEAL 2 F
LENGTH OF SCREEN 15 FT
SMD 17 FT
19 FT _ Jf-1
20 FT _ _ BOTTOM OF BORING
imREMARK5: ALL MEASUREMENTS TO THE NEAREST 0.1 FL•
H R Etgkweer hg¢ >nc
MOORE COUNTY LANDFILL

PROJECT: MOORE COUNTY LANDFILL
LOCATION: JACKSON HAMLET
BORING LOG
NUMBER DEPTH SPT T WL SI
PROJECT: NO: 07625-001-018
BORING NUMBER: 8-8 PAGE: 1 of 1
DESCRIPTION (USCS)
4 FILL TO 6-1/2'. THEN VERY FIRM, YELLOW
BROWN, VERY SILTY, MEDIUM TO COARSE SAND
SS-1 7,9112 SS WITH GRANULES (SM), DRY
8'
VERY DENSE, VARIGATED & INTEREEDDED, LIGHT
GRAY, LIMONITE -YELLOW, RED, GRAY, SLIGHTLY SILTY,
COARSS-2 13,21,33 SSWITH �}yp TVERY CH;CKSCLAYELL STRNOGERS, WIT
(SR)
VERY FIRM, YELLOW --BROWN TO RED, GRAY,
SLIGHTLY SILTY, COARSE TO VERY COARSE SAND
55-3 1 1 6'-j 10,10,11 1 SS
SS-4 �7SS
2 4'
28'
32'
(SP) INTERBEDDED WITH I- TO 6" BEDS OF HARD,
LIGHT REDDISH -GRAY, UASSINE FINE SILT (ML) OR CLAY
(CL), WET
EOH ® 20'
FIRM, MAROON, WELL SORTED SILTY MEDIUM -
GRAINED SAND (SM) WITH ONE C1/2' CLAY STRINGER,
Y&F.
36'
40'
BOREHOLE COMPLETION: 20'
WATER DEPTH: 10 5' BELOW GRADE,
DRILLING METHOD: HOLLOW STEM AUGERS
LOGGED BY: C. WELTY
DATE: .3/ 1 3/9 5
DATE: 3/7/95
COMMENTS
K Y•
si - SCREEN
SS - SPUTSPOoN
SPT - SOE PENEMATION
TEST-N NUMBER
ST -- SHELBY TUBE
T -- TYPE
wL - WATER LEVEL
r

m
IE
DEPTH
BELOW
GROUND
>URFACE
0
5 FT I
f
MONITORING WELL
INSTALLATION DIAGRAM
PROTECTIVE
PIPE HEIGHT
STICKUP � FT 1 2.7 FT
R�,T M X..
LEAN POM LAND/BENTONITE SLURRY
NT N R
I BAG BENTONfIE CHIPS, 50 LBS.
IMPERVIOUS ZONE:
3 FT THICK
PERMEABLE ZONE:
17 FT THICK
PEIZOMETER KO.- 11W-8
BowNG NO. _ B-8
JOB NO.: 07625-001-018
PREPARED B1f: C. MiTy
CHECKED BY: C. LEE
DATE; 3/61.95
EL, 395.2 FT,
TOP OF GROUND
SURFACE
PROT CTIVE METAL CASIN
LOCKING
RISER PIPE SCHEDULE — 19
ASTM DESIGNATION:
ID: - OD:
COUPLINGS: THREAD FT
PIPE IN 10 FT LENGTHS
PtPE I —10 (gt T O 7.71 - FT
SCREEN 15 FT
TOTAL: 22.7
THICKNESS OF UPPER SEAL 2 F7
I
LENGTH OF SCREEN 15 FT
SAND 17 FT
20 FT
20 _ _BOTTOM OF BORING
gFM&EKS; ALL MEASUREMENTS TO THE NEAREST 0.1 FT.
HM Engkm ewi'1 b'r—
MOORE COUNTY LANDFILL

PROJECT:
MOORE
COUNTY LANDFILL
PROJECT NO: 07625-001-018
LOCATION:
JACKSON HAMLET
BORING NUMBER: B-9
PAGE: 1 of 1
BORING
LOG
DATE: 3/6/95
NUMBER
DEPTH
SPT T WL SI
DESCRIPTION (USCS)
COMMENTS
4'
UPPER 1' IS FIRM, `FELLOW -BROWN SLIGHTLY
SS-1
G,1O,17 SS
SILTY COARSE SAND (SP), GETTING RED DIRECTLY
ABOVE 2 -T GRAY SANDY CLAY (CL)_ LOWER PORTION
8
IS VERY qW, LIGHT TAN MEDIUM TO COARSE SILTY SAND
(SM), DRY..
SS-2
8.10,15 SS
VERY FIRMA, LIGHT TAN, FINE-GRAINED SILTY
CLAYEY SAND (SC -Sty), LOTS OF KAOUNITE, DRY.
1 5
SS
UPPER HALF OF SAMPLE 6 VERY FIRM, LIGHT TAN FINE
SS-3
11.12,15
TO MEDIUM, VERY SILTY SAND (SM).. LOWER HALF IS VERY
STIFF, UGiT GRAY, wSSNE, VERY CLEM, VERY FINE SILT (ML)
OR 0-P1Jl X CLAY (CL), DRY.
SS-4
15,18,23 SS
DENSE, VARIGATED GRAY, TAN, BROWN, RED,
COARSE SILTY SAND, WET..
24'
SS-5
13.14,19 SS
DENSE, VARIGATED, BLOOD RED, BLUE --GRAY,
DEEP TAN, RED -YELLOW, VERY COARSE TO COARSE,
2 8'
POORLY SORTED SILTY SAND, WET
EOH ® 30'
32'
36'
40'
BOREHOLE COMPLETION: 30,
sl - SCREEN
55 - SpuTspwN
WATER
DEPTH:
19 9' BELOW GRADE
DATE: 3/13/95
sf - sm P'fNETR nm
ST - s�Y �
T - TYPE
WL - WATER LEVM
DRILLING METHOD: HOLLOW STEM AUGERS
im
LOGGED BY:
C. WELTY

w
DEPTH
BELOW
ROUND
;URFACE
11 FT
13 FT
15 FT
I
MONITORING WELL
INSTALLATION DIAGRAM
PROTECTIVE
PIPE HEIGHT FT
STICKUP - FT 1 2.4 FT
Sri MiX
LEM PORnAND/BC9TONITE SLURRY
DENTONITE
1 BAG BENTOMTE CHIPS, 50 LBS.
IMPERVIOUS ZONE:
13 FT THICK
PERMEABLE ZONE:
17 FT THICK
PEIZOMEIEK NO..: MW-9
BORING NO..:
8-9
J013 NO„; 07625-001-018
PREPARED BY:
C. WELTY
CHECKED BY:
C. LEE
DAB;
3L6195
EL. 403.7 FT.
TOP OF GROUND
SURFACE
P TECTN ME & Q&51NG I
LOCKING
RISER PIPE: SCHEDULE _ 40
ASTM DESIGNATION:
ID: - OD:
CW UNGS:._ RRE6Xp - FT
PIPE IN w._ 1 o Fr. LENGTHS
PIPE IN _ 1-1 o FT.. LENGTHS
PIPE _ 1--10 (CiiT 0 7.4' FT `
SCREEN 15 FT
TOTAL: 32.4 FT
THICKNESS OF UPPER SEAL 2 F
LENGTH OF SCREEN 15 FT
.. yI
SAND 17 FT
30 FT
30 BOTTOM OF BORING
gg ALL MEASUREMENTS TO THE NEAREST 0.1 FT.
m 8
OORE COUNTY LANDFILL
HDR

PROJECT: MOORE COUNTY C&D LANDFILL PROJECT NO: 07625-001-018
LOCATION: HIGHWAY 5, ABERDEEN, NC BORING NUMBER: B-14
PAGE: 1 of 1
BORING LOG
DATE: 9/ 16/96
NUMBER
DEPTH
SPT
T
WL
SI
DESCRIPTION (USCS)
COMMENTS
4'
_
—
WHITE AND TAN, MOTTLED, DENSE, FINE—
GRAINED SAND (SW), WITH A TRACE OF
CLAY, SLIGHTLY MOIST, IRON OXIDE
VERY UNIFORM
TEXTURE
SS-1
46
SS
8'
—
STAINING.
—_
_
WHITE TO TAN, MEDIUM —DENSE, FINE TO
COARSE —GRAINED SAND (SM), MOTTLED
WITH MAROON SAND LENSES, IRON OXIDE
STAINING, SLIGHT CLAY CONTENT, VERY
SS-2
11
SS
_
—
MOIST TO WET.
DARK GRAY AND MAROON, MEDIUM —DENSE,
SS-3
1 6'
19
SS
=
COARSE TO VERY COARSE SAND (SC),
MIXED WITH DARK GRAY TO MAROON SANDY
—
CLAY LENSES, STIFF, FIRM, SL. PLASTICITY,
=
WET.
T.D. = 20 FEET
2 4'
28'
32'
AT
—� DRILLING
36'
�- 24 HR
40'
BOREHOLE COMPLETION: 20 FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE
Si - SCREEN
SS - SPLITSPOON
SPT - SOIL PENETRATIDN
TEST-N NUMBER
ST - SHELffY TUBE
T - TYPE
WL - WATER LEVEL
WATER DEPTH: 12.78 FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE DATE: 9/18/96
DRILLING METHOD: 4 1/4-INCH HOLLOW STEM AUGERS
LOGGED BY: J ISHAM

J
DEPTH
BELOW
GROUND
SURFACE
0
1.0 FT
3.0 FT
5.0 FT
PROTECTIVE
PIPE HEIGHT
MONITORING WELL
INSTALLATION DIAGRAM
400.58 FT
2.70 FT
LROUT_MIX:
PORTLAND TYPE I CEMENT
QENTONITE SEAL:
3/8-INCH SENTONITE PELLETS
IMPERVIOUS ZONE:
3.0 Fr THICK
PERMEABLE ZONE:
17.0 Fr THICK
MOORE COUNTY C&D LANDFILL
PEIZOMETER NO: Mw-14
BORING NO,: B-14
JOB NO: 07625-001-018 {
PREPARED BY: J. 1SHAM
CHECKED BY:
DATE: _- 9/16/96
EL, 397.88 Fr.
TOPOF GROUND
SURFACE
PROTECTIVE MFFAL CASING
4-INCH SQUARE BLACK STEEL
WELL BOX WITH LOCKING COVER
RISER PIPE: SCHEDULE aQ_v
ASTM DESIGNATION:
ID: _��0 CINCH _ OD: _______
-
COUPLINGS: THREADfD—_
FT
PIPE IN 10_0 FT LENGTH '.
PIPE------� 2.7
F
PIPE _ _LL�5.0
FT
SCREEN _�Z S.OL��_ t4_4
FT �
TOTAL: ___-- 22,70 __--_—. F
THICKNESS OF UPPER SEAL 2.0 F
LENGTH OF SCREEN 15.0 FT
SAN D 17.0 FT
FT
20.0 FT — — — — — — — BOTTOM OF BORING
REMARKS: ALL MEASUREMENTS TO THE NEAREST 0.1 FT.
fDq N=2,694.2171
E=3,615.2164 T

PROJECT: MOORE COUNTY C&D LANDFILL PROJECT NO: 07625-001-018
LOCATION: HIGHWAY 5, ABERDEEN, NC BORING NUMBER: B-15
PAGE: 1 of 1
BORING LOG
DATE: 9/19/96
NUMBER
DEPTH
SPT
T
WL
SI
DESCRIPTION (USCS)
COMMENTS
4'
TAN AND REDDISH -BROWN, MEDIUM -DENSE,
SS-1
17
SS
MEDIUM TO COARSE —GRAINED SLIGHTLY
CLAYEY SAND (SC), NO PLASTICITY, STICKY,
8'
MOIST, MOTTLED.
WHITE, MEDIUM —DENSE, FINE—GRAINED SAND
VERY UNIFORM
SS-2
17
SS
(SW), WITH MINOR FINES, MIXED WITH DENSE
TEXTURE
SANDY CLAY LENSES. SL. PLASTICITY, DRY,
=
HORIZONTAL COLOR BANDING,
SAME AS ABOVE (SW), MEDIUM TO COARSE—
GRAINED, PINK/MAROON MOTTLING, FINES
MIXED, SLIGHTLY KAOLONITIC, V. MOIST,
WHITE, MAROON, BROWN, RED —ORANGE,
VERY UNIFORM
TEXTURE
SS-3
1 6'
19
SS
SS-4
22
SS
_
MEDIUM —DENSE, MEDIUM TO COARSE —GRAINED
=
CLAYEY SAND (SC), KAOLINITIC ZONES, WET.
24'
_
—
-------�
WHITE AND PINK, MEDIUM —DENSE, MEDIUM TO
SS-5
26
SS
=
COARSE —GRAINED SAND (SM) MIXED WITH
28'
=
GRAY/WHITE CLAY LAYERS (KAOLINITIC/STICKY),
_
—
—
SLIGHTLY MOIST, HORIZONTAL MOTTLING
SAME AS ABOVE (SM), MEDIUM TO COARSE—
GRAINED, WET.
LANDFILL
GAS
SS-6
'
22
SS
=
ODOR
SS-7
36`
18
SS
T D = .35 FEET
� AT
— DRILLING
40'
BOREHOLE COMPLETION: 35 FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE
SI - SCREEN
SS - SPUTSPOON
SPT - SOIL' PENETRATION
TEST-N NUMBER
ST - SHELBY TUBE
T - TYPE
WL - WATER LEVEL
WATER DEPTH: 30 FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE DATE: 9/19/96
DRILLING METHOD: 4 1/4-INCH HOLLOW STEM AUGERS
Imi
LOGGED BY: J ISHAM

DEPTH PROTECTIVE
BELOW PIPE HEIGHT
GROUND
SURFACE
16.0 FT
18.0 FT
1 20.0 FT
MONITORING WELL
INSTALLATION DIAGRAM
431.10 FT
1.79 FT
GRQ„WT MIX:
PORTLAND TYPE I CEMENT
NT NITESEAL:
3/8—INCH BENTONME PELLETS
IMPERVIOUS ZONE:
18.0 FT THICK
PERMEABLE ZONE:
17.0 FT THICK
MOORE COUNTY LANDFILL
PEIZOMETER NO..: MW-15
BORING NO.: B-15
JOB NO.: 07625-001-018
PREPARED BY: J. rSHAM
CHECKED BY:
DATE: 9/ 19 /96
EL. 429.31 FT.
TOP OF GROUND
SURFACE
PROTECTIVE METAL CASIN
4—INCH SQUARE BLACK STEEL
WELL BOX WITH LOCKING COVER
RISER PIPE: SCHEDULE
ASTM DESIGNATION:
ID: _�_0 CINCH OD
COUPLINGS: __ THREADED __ FT
PIPE IN __ 10_0 _ FT.. LENGTHS
PIPE -___ .il),?_79 FT
PIPE FT
SCREEN _LZ 5�0`��10�0 FT
TOTAL: -- 36.79 . �__-- FT
THICKNESS OF UPPER SEAL 2-0 FT
LENGTH OF SCREEN 15.0 FT
SAND 17.0 FT
FT
35.0 FT
— — — — — -- — — BOTTOM OF BORING
REMARKS: ALL MEASUREMENTS TO THE NEAREST 0.1 FT.
N=3s234.5825 _
E=4 373.7788
Hari Ord), Ism,

APPENDIX B
Groundwater Protection
Compliance Standards -
Constituents List

NC Solid Waste Section
Environmental Monitoring List
NC Solid Waste Section Environmental Monitoring
Groundwater Protection Compliance Standards - Constituents List
(updated October 15, 2018)
All units are ug/L unless otherwise noted.
NE = Not Established
Groundwater Protection Standards)
DEQ
Calculated
CAS RN 2 SWS ID' CHEMICAL NAME 2L 2L IMAC I MCL GWP Std Reference List`
67-64-1 3 Acetone
107-13-1 8 Acrylonitrile
6000
NE
NE NE Appendix
NE NE Appendix 1
NE
NE
7440-36-0
13
Antimony
NE
1
6
NE
Appendix I
7440-38-2
14
Arsenic
10
NE
30
_
NE
1
Appendix 1
7440-39-3
15
Barium
700
NE
2000
NE
Appendix I
71-43-2
16
Benzene
Beryllium
Bromochloromethane; Chlorobromethane
Bromodichloromethane; Dibromochloromethane
1
NE
5
NE
I AppendixI
Appendix I
Appendix I
7440-41-7
23
NE
4
4
NE
74-97-5
28
NE
NE
NE
0.6
75-27-4
29
0.6
NE
80
NE
Appendix I
75-25-2
30
Bromoform; Tribromomethane
4
NE
80
NE
Appendix 1
7440-43-9
34 Cadmium
35 Carbon disulfide
36 Carbon tetrachloride
39 Chlorobenzene
41 Chloroethane; Ethyl chloride
44 i Chloroform; Trichloromethane
2
NE
5
NE
Appendix 1
75-15-0
700
NE
NE
NE I
Appendix I
56-23-5
0.3
NE
NE
NE
5
NE
Appendix 1
108-90-7
S0
3000
70
100
NE
Appendix I
75-00-3
NE
NE
A nix I
Appendix I
67-66-3
NE
80
NE
7440-47-3
51 Chromium
10
NE
100
€
NE
Appendix 1
A en ix I
Appendix
Appendix I
Appendix I
1
7440-48-4
53 Cobalt NE
54 Copper 1000
66 Dibromochloromethane; Chlorodibromomethane 0.4
67 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane; DBCP 0.04
T
68 1,2-Dibromoethane; Ethylene dibromide; EDB 0.02
69 o-Dichlorobenzene; 1,2-Dichlorobenzene 20
71 p-Dichlorobenzene; 1,4-Dichlorobenzene 6
1 I
NE
NE
7440-50-8
NE
i
1300 NE
124-48-1
NE
80
NE
96-12-8
NE
0.2
NE
106-93-4
NE
0.05
600
NE
95-50-1
NE i
NE
_Appendix
Appendix I
Appendix 1
106-46-7
NE
75
NE
110-57-6
73 trans-1,4-Dichloro-2-butene
75 1,1-Dichloroethane; Ethyldidene chloride
76 1,2-Dichloroethane; Ethylene dichloride
77 1,1-Dichloroethylene; 1,1-Dichloroethene;
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix 1
75-34-3
6
NE
NE
NE
Appendix I
107-06-2
0.4
NE
5
NE
Appendix I
75-35-4
350
NE
7
NE
Appendixi
Page 1 of 11

NC Solid Waste Section
Environmental Monitoring List
Groundwater Protection Standards)
CAS RN z
156-59-2
SWS ID CHEMICAL CHEMICAL NAME
Vinylidene chloride cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene; cis-1,2-
78 Dichloroethene
79 trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene;trans-1,2-Dichloroethene
82 1,2-Dichloropropane
86 cis-1,3-Dichloropropene
DEQ
Calculated
2L 21. [MAC MCL GWP Std Reference List`
70 NE 70 NE I ADDendix I
156-60-5
100
NE
100
NE
ARRendix1
78_87-5
10061-01-5
0.6
NE
5
NE
A nix I
0.4
NE
NE
NE
ADDendix 1
10061-02-6
87
trans-1,3-Dichloropropene
0.4
NE
NE
NE
ADDendix I
100-41-4
110
Ethylbenzene
600
NE
700
NE
AROnclix1
591-78-6
124
2-Hexanone; Methyl butyl ketone
NE
40
1 NE
NE
ARRCndix I
7439-92-1
131
Lead
is
NE
15
NE
A en ix1
74-83-9
136
Methyl bromide; Bromomethane
NE
10
NE
NE
&WSndix 1
74-87-3
137
Methyl chloride; Chloromethane
3
NE
NE
NE
ADDendix 1
74-95-3
75-09-2
78-93-3
139
Methylene bromide; Dibromomethane
NE
5
70
NE
NE
5
NE
NE
Appendix I
ADDendix 1
140 Methylene chloride; Dichloromethane
141 Methyl ethyl ketone; MEK; 2-Butanone
142 Methyl iodide; Iodomethane
147 4-Methyl-2-pentanone; Methyl isobutyl ketone
152Nickel
183 t Selenium
184 Silver
186 Styrene
190 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane
191 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene; Tetrachloroethene;
192 Perchloroethylene
4000
NE
NE
NE
ADDendix I
74-88-4
NE
NE
NE
NE
Agpencliox 1
108-10-1
NE
100
NE
NE
Appendix I
Appendix I
Appendix I
A nix 1
Appendix
Appendix 1
ADoendix I
-
A2Rgn Ix
ADDendix I
744D-02-0
100
NE
NE
NE
7782-49-2
20
NE
50
NE
7440-22-4
20
NE
NE
NE
100-42-5
70
NE
100
NE
630-20-6
79-34-5
127-18-4
NE
1
NE
NE
0.2
NE
NE
NE
0.7
NE
NE
0.2 1
5 NE
2 NE
1000 NE
200 NE
7440-28-0
108-88-3
71-55-6
194 Thallium
196 Toluene
200 1,1,1-Trichloroethane; Methylchloroform
201 Trichloroethylene; Trichloroethene
202 1,1,2-Trichloroethane
600
NE j
ARRgndixI
200
NE
Appendix 1
A nix I
ADDendix 1
79-01-6
3
NE
5
NE
79-00-5
NE 1
2000
0.6
NE
5
NE
NE
75-69-4
203 Trichlorofluoromethane; CFC-11
206 1,2,3-Trichloropropane
209 Vanadium
210 Vinyl acetate
211 Vinyl chloride; Chloroethene
NE
A en ix 1
Appendix I
96-18-4 1
0.00s
NE
NE
NE
7440-62-2
NE
0.3
NE
NE
ARRen ix I
108-05-4
NE
88
NE I
NE
ADoendix I
75-01-4
0.03
NE
2 1
NE
A nix I
Page 2 of 11

NC Solid Waste Section
Environmental Monitoring List
Groundwater Protection Standards 1
CAS RN Z
7440-66-6
1330-20-7
! I DEQ Calculated
SWS ID a CHEMICAL NAME 2L 2L IMAC MCL GWP Std Reference List`
213 Zinc 1000 NE NE NE _Appendix I
346 Xylene (total) 500 NE 10000 NE Appendix
83-32-9
208-96-8
1 Acenaphthene
2 Acenaphthylene
80
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
Appendix II
200
NE
NE
NE
75-05-8
4
Acetonitrile; Methyl cyanide
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
98-86-2
5
Acetophenone
NE
700
NE
NE
Appendix II
53-96-3
6
2-Acetylaminofluorene; 2-AAF
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
107-02-8
7
Acrolein
NE
4
NE
NE
Appendix II
309-00-2
9
10
Aldrin
Ally[ chloride
NE
0.002
NE
NE
Appendix II
107-05-1
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
92-67-1
11 4-Aminobiphenyl
12 Anthracene
17 Benzo[a]anthracene; Benzanthracene
18 Benzo[b]fluoranthene
19 Benzo[k]fluoranthene
20 Benzo[ghi]perylene
21 Benzo[a]pyrene
22 Benzyl alcohol
24 alpha-BHC
25 beta-BHC
NE
NE
Appendix II
120-12-7
2000
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
700
0.006
0.02
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
Appendix II
Appendix II
56-55-3
0.05
0.05
0.5
200
0.005
205-99-2
NE
NE
207-08-9
NE
NE
Appendix II
191-24-2
NE
NE
Appendix II
50-32-8
1 0.2
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
Appendix II
Appendix II
Appendix II
100-51-6
NE
319-84-6
NE
319-85-7
NE
NE
319-86-8
26
delta-BHC
NE
NE
0.019
Appendix II
58-89-9
27
31
gamma-BHC; Lindane
4-Bromophenyl phenyl ether
0.03
NE
0.2
NE
Appendix II
Appendix II
101-55-3
NE
NE
NE
NE
85-68-7
32 i Butyl benzyl phthalate; Benzyl butyl phthalate
33 Di-n-butyl phthalate
38 p-Chloroaniline
40 Chlorobenzilate
42 Bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane
43 Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether; Dichloroethyl ether
45 p-Chloro-m-cresol; 4-Chloro-3-methylphenol
Bis(2-chloro-l-methylethyl) ether; 2,2'-
46 Dichlorodiisopropyl ether; DCIP
47 2-Chloronaphthalene
1000
NE
NE
NE I
Appendix II
84-74-2
106-47-8
510-15-6
700
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
Appd
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
111-91-1
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
111-44-4
NE
NE
NE
0.031
Appendix II
Appendix II
Appendix II
59-50-7
108-60-1
91-58-7
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
Page 3 of 11

NC Solid Waste Section
Environmental Monitoring List
Groundwater Protection Standards 1
CAS RN z
DEQ
calculated
SWS ID' CHEMICAL NAME 2L 2L [MAC MCL GWP Std Reference List°
48 2-Chlorophenol 0.4 NE NE NE Appendix II
49 4-Chlorophenyl phenyl ether NE NE i NE NE Appendix II
95-57-8
7005-72-3
126-99-8
50
Chloroprene
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
218-01-9
95-48-7
57-12-5
52
Chrysene
o-Cresol; 2-Methylphenol
5
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
Appendix II
Appendix II
Appendix 11
Appendix 11
56
NE
400
NE
NE
58
Cyanide
70
NE
200
NE
94-75-7
59
60
2,4-D; 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
70
NE
70
NE
72-54-8
4,4'-DDD
0.2
NE
NE
NE
72-55-9
61
4,4'-DDE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
i Appendix II
Appendix II
50-29-3
62
4,4'-DDT
0.1
NE
2303-16-4
63
Diallate
NE
NE
NE
NE
ADDenc ix 11
53-70-3
132-64-9
541-73-1
91-94-1
75-71-8
64
65
Dibenz[a,h)anthracene
Dibenzofuran
m-Dichlorobenzene;1,3-Dichlorobenzene
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine
0.005
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
Appendix II
Appendix II
NE
28
NE
70
200
NE
NE
NE
72
NE
1000
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
ADpendix II
Appendix II
74
Dichlorodifluoromethane; CFC 12
120-83-2
80
2,4-Dichlorophenol
NE
0.98
NE
NE
Appendix II
87-65-0
81
2,6-Dichlorophenol
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix 11
142-28-9 1
83
1,3-Dichloropropane; Trimethylene dichloride
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix 11
594-20-7
84 2,2-Dichloropropane; Isopropylidene chloride
85 1,1-Dichloropropene
88 Dieldrin
89 O,O-Diethyl O-2-pyrazinyl phosphorothioate; Thionazin
90 Diethyl phthalate
NE
NE
NE
NE
ADpendix II
563-58-6
NE
NE
NE
i
NE
Appendix II
Appendix 11
60-57-1
0.002 1
NE
NE
NE
297-97-2
NE
NE
NE
NE
ADpendix 11
84-66-2
6000
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
60-51-5
60-11-7
57-97-6
91 Dimethoate _
92 I p-(Dimethylamino)azobenzene
93 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a)anthracene
94 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine
95 2,4-Dimethylphenol; m-Xylenol
96 Dimethyl phthalate
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix 11
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
119-93-7
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix 11
ADpendix II
105-67-9
100 1
NE
NE
NE
131-11-3
NE
NE
NE
NE
ADpendix 11
99-65-0
97
m-Dinitrobenzene
NE
NE
NE
NE
ADpendix II
534-52-1
98
4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol; 4,6-Dinitro-2-methylphenol
NE
NE I
NE I
NE
ADpendix II
Page 4 of 11

NC Solid Waste Section
Environmental Monitoring List
Groundwater Protection Standards t
CAS RN 2
SWS ID a
CHEMICAL NAME
DEQ
Calculated
21. 211. IMAC MCL GWP Std Reference List `
NE NE NE NE Appendix II
51-28-5
99
2,4-Dinitrophenol
121-14-2
100
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
NE
0.1
NE
NE
ADpendix II
606-20-2
101
2,6-Dinitrotoluene
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix 11
88-85-7
102
Dinoseb; DNBP; 2-sec-Butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol
Diphenylamine
NE
7
1 7
NE
Appendix II
ADpendix 11
122-39-4
103
NE
NE
NE
NE
298-04-4
104
Disulfoton
0.3
NE
NE
NE
Appendix 11
959-98-8
105 Endosulfan 1
106 Endosulfan II
107 Endosulfan sulfate
40
NE
NE
NE
Appendix 11
33213-65-9
NE
NE
NE
42
Appendix II
Appendix II
Appendix II
1031-07-8
NE
2
40
NE
NE
2
E
ENE
72-20-8
108 Endrin
7421-93-4
109 Endrin aldehyde
111 Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
112 Ethyl methacrylate
2
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
117-81-7
3
NE
NE
NE
Appendix 11
Appendix II
Appendix II
97-63-2
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
62-50-0
113
Ethyl methanesulfonate
NE
NE
NE
52-85-7
114
Famphur
NE
300
NE
NE
Appendix 11
206-44-0
115 Fluoranthene
116 Fluorene
117 Heptachlor
118 Heptachlor epoxide
NE
NE
Appendix 11
Appendix II
Appendix 11
86-73-7
76-44-8
1024-57-3
300
NE
NE
0.008
NE
0.4
NE
0.004
NE 1
0.2
NE
Appendix 11
118-74-1
119
Hexachlorobenzene
0.02
NE
1
NE
Appendix11
87-68-3
120
Hexachlorobutadiene
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
Hexachloroethane
0.4
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
Appendix 11
Appendix 11
Appendix II
77-47-4
121
NE
NE
NE
NE
50
SO
67-72-1
122
NE
NE
NE
NE
2.5
NE
1888-71-7
123
Hexachloropropene
193-39-5
125 Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
0.05 1
NE
NE
NE I
Appendix II
Appendix 11
78-83-1
126 Isobutyl alcohol
127 Isodrin
128 Isophorone
NE
NE
NE
NE
465-73-6
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
78-59-1
40
NE I
NE
NE
Appendix II
120-58-1
129
Isosafrole
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
143-50-0
130
Kepone
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix 11
7439-97-6
132
Mercury
1
NE
2
NE
App. II / C&D
126-98-7
133
Methacrylonitrile
NE
NEI
NE
NE
ADpendix 11
Page 5 of 11

NC Solid Waste Section
Environmental Monitoring List
CAS RN z
91-80-5
72-43-5
56-49-5
80-62-6
66-27-3
91-57-6
298-00-0
91-20-3
130-15-4
134-32-7
91-59-8
99-09-2
88-74-4
100.01-6
98-95-3
99-55-8
88-75-5
100-02-7
55-18-5
62-75-9
924-16-3
86-30-6
SWS ID 3 CHEMICAL NAME
134 Methapyrilene
135 Methoxychlor
138 3-Methylcholanthrene
143 Methyl methacrylate
144 Methyl methanesulfonate
145 2-Methylnaphthalene
146 Methyl parathion; Parathion methyl
148 Naphthalene
149 1,4-Naphthoquinone
150 1-Naphthylamine
151�2-N'a'p-hthyla mine
153 m-Nitroaniline;3-Nitroaniline____
154 o-Nitroaniline; 2-Nitroaniline
155 rp-Nitroaniline; 4-Nitroaniline
156 Nitrobenzene
157 5-Nitro-o-toluidine
158 o-Nitrophenoi; 2-Nitrophenol
159 1 p-Nitrophenol; 4-Nitrophenol
160 _N_-Nitrosodiethylamine
i
161 i N-Nitrosodimethylamine
162 N-Nitro
sodi-n-butylamine
163 N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
N-Nitrosodipropylamine; N-Nitroso-N-dipropylamine; Di -
Groundwater Protection Standards 1
211. 21. IMAC MCL
NE NE NE
DEQ
Calculated
GWP Std Reference List °
NE j Appendix II
NE Appendix II
NE Appendix II
40
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
25
NE
NE
Appendix II
I
Appendix II
NE
NE
NE
NE
30
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
6
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
Appendix II
Appendix II
Appendix II
Appendix II
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
I NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
Appendix II
Appendix II
Appendix II
Appendix II
T Appendix II
NE
NE
I NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE I
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
0.0007
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
Appendix If
NE
NE
NE
NE I
621-64-7
164
n-propyinitrosamine
NE
NE
NE
NE
10595-95-6
100-75-4
165 N-Nitrosomethylethalamine
166 N-Nitrosopiperidine
167 N-Nitrosopyrrolidine
168 Di-n-octyl phthalate
169 Parathion
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
930-55-2
117-84-0
56-38-2
I NE
NE
NE
I NE
100
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
1336-36-3
170 Polychlorinated biphenyls; PCBs
171 Pentachlorobenzene
172 Pentachloronitrobenzene
173 Pentachlorophenol
NE
0.09
0.5
NE
608-93-5
NE
NE
NE
NE
82-68-8
NE
NE
NE
NE
87-86-5
0.3
NE
1
NE
Page 6 of 11

NC Solid Waste Section
Environmental Monitoring List
CAS RN z
I
SWS ID' CHEMICAL NAME
Groundwater
2L
NE
200
NE
Protection
21. IMAC
NE
NE
NE
Standards 1
MCL
NE
NE
NE
NE
DEQ
Calculated
GWPStd
NE
NE
NE
NE
Reference List
Appendix II
Appendix II
Appendix II
Appendix II
62-44-2
174
Phenacetin
85-01-8
106-50-3
175
Phenanthrene
176
177
p-Phenylenediamine
Phenol
108-95-2
30
NE
298-02-2
178
Phorate
1
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
23950-58-5
179
Pronamide
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
107-12-0
180
Propionitrile; Ethyl cyanide
Pyrene
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
Appendix 11
Appendix 11
129-00-0
181
200
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
94-59-7
182
Safrole
93-72-1
185
Silvex; 2,4,5-TP
50
NE
NE
NE
Appendix 11
18496-25-8
187
Sulfide
N
I NE
NE
NE
Appendix 11
93-76-5
95-94-3
188
2,4,5-T; 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid
1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobe nzene
2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol
Tin
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
189
NE
2
NE
NE
Appendix 11
58-90-2
193
200
NE
NE
NE
Appendix II
ADoendix 11
7440-31-5
195
NE
2000
NE
NE
95-53-4
197
o-Toluidine
Toxaphene
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix 11
Appendix II
8001-35-2
198
0.03
NE
3
NE
120-82-1
199
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
70
NE
70
NE
Appendix 11
95-95-4
204
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
NE
63
NE
NE
Appendix 11
88-06-2
205
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
NE
4
NE
NE
Appendix 11
126-68-1
207
0,0,0-Triethyl phosphorothioate
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix 11
99-35-4
208
sym-Trinitrobenzene
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix 11
57-74-9
339
Chlordane
0.1
NE
NE
NE
ADoendix II
106-44-5
344
p-Cresol; 4-Methylphenol
40
400
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
Appendix 11
Appendix II
Appendix II
Appendix 11
108-394
345 m-Cresol; 3-Methylphenol
386 Benzeneethanamine, alpha,alpha-dimethyl
122-09-8
NE
.0002 ng/L
NE
NE 1
NE
0.03
NE
NE
1746-01-6 1
440
2,3,7,8-TCDD; 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin
123-91-1 I
422 I
1,4-dioxane
3 I
NE I
NE i
NE
ALL'
SW301
301
Chloride
250000
NE
NE
NE
C&D
SW311
311
Total Dissolved Solids
500000
NE
NE
NE
C&D
14808-79-8
315
Sulfate
250000
NE
NE
NE
C&D/Leachate
SW337
337 1
Alkalinity
NE
NE
NE
NE
C&D
Page 7 of 11

NC Solid Waste Section
Environmental Monitoring List
Groundwater Protection Standards'
CAS RN z SWS ID' CHEMICAL NAME
7439-89-6 340 Iron
DEQ
Calculated
2L 2L IMAC MCL GWP Std Reference List `
300 NE NE NE C&D
50 NE NE NE _ C&D
NE NE NE NE C&D
7439 96 5
342 Manganese
441 Tetrahydrofuran
109-99-9
SW316
316 piological Oxygen Demand
317 Chemical Oxygen Demand
419 No2/No3 (nitrate & nitrite reported together)
1 437 Orthophosphate Phosphorus
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
Leachate
Leachate
SW317
NE
SW419
NE
NE
7.0
NE
NE
NE
Leachate
Leachate
_ Leachate__
I Leachate
SW437
NE
NE
NE
SW321
SW32424
T321pH (lab)
I SpecCond (lab)
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
I NE
NE
226-36-8
385 1,2,5,6-Dibenzacridine
394 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine
371 1-2-3-Trichlorobenzene
352 2-(2-4-dichlorophenoxy)propionic acid
350 2-4 DB
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
Other
Other
122-66-7
NE
87-61-6
NE
NE
NE
120-36-5
NE
NE
NE I
Other
Other
94-82-6
NE
NE
NE
130-75-8
358 2-Chloroethylvinyl ether NE
390 2-Picoline NE
388 4-nitroquinoline-l-oxide NE
416 Acetic Acid NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
Other
other
Other
109-06-8
NE
NE
NE
56-57-5
NE
NE
NE
64-19-7
5000
NE
NE
62-53-3
381
1 Aniline
NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
140-57-8
382
Aramite
NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
12674-11-2
401
Aroclor 1016
Aroclor1221
NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
11104-28-2
11141-16-5
402
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
Other
403
Aroclor 1232
53469-21-9
404
Aroclor 1242
NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
12672-29-6
11097-69-1
405
Aroclor 12_48
NE
NE
NE
NE I
NE NE
NE NE I
NE NE
Other
Other__ _
Other
other
Other
other
406
407
383
1 Aroclor1254
i Aroclor 1260
Benzidine
11096-82-5
NE
NE
92-87-5
NE
NE
NE I NE
7440-42-8
428 Boron
347 Bicarbonate (as CaCO3)
423 biphenyl ether
700
NE
NE NE
SW347
101-84-8
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
108-86-1
360
Bromobenzene
NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
Page 8 of 11

NC Solid Waste Section
Environmental Monitoring List
Groundwater Protection Standards 1
CAS RN Z
SW418
7440-70-2
SWS ID' CHEMICAL NAME
418 Butyric Acid
375 Calcium
DEQ
Calculated
21. 2L IMAC MCL GWP Std Reference List 4
NE NE NE NE Other
NE NE NE NE other
NE NE NE NE Other
NE NE NE NE Other
SW413
413
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
SW348
12789-03-6
348
Carbonate (as CaCO3)
Chlordane (constituents)
400
NE
NE
NE
NE
other
79-06-1
429
Acrylamide
0.008
NE
NE
NE
Other
5103-71-9
379
Chlordane, alpha
NE
NE
I NE
NE
Other
5103-74-2
378
Chlordane, beta
NE
NE
NE
NE
2
NE
NE
NE
other
Other
5566-34-7
399
Chlordane, gamma
75-99-0
355
Dalapon
NE
200
200
NE
Other
SW318
318
Depth To Water (ft)
NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
1918-00-9
353
Dicamba
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
Other
Other
SW334
334
Ferrous Iron- Dissolved
Groundwater Elevation (feet)
NE
NE
SW427
427
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
SW319
319
Head (ft mean sea level)
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
Other
Other
Other
other
70-30.4
387
Hexachlorophene
Hydrogen Sulfide
Lactic Acid
NE
I NE
NE
SW338
SW415
SW329
338
415
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
329
Landfill Gas
NE
NE
NE
SW374
374
m-&p-Cresol (combined)
NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
92-52-4
SW359
421
1,1-biphenyl
m-&p-Xylene (combined)
Carbofuran
400
NE
NE
NE
Other
359
NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
Other
Other
1563-66-2
430
40
10000
NE
NE
40
NE
NE
NE
107-21-1
424
ethylene glycol
142-82-5
432
Heptane
400
NE
NE
NE
Other
7439-95-4
376
Magnesium
MCPA
1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane
NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
Other
94-74-6
351
NE
NE
NE
NE
76-13-1
398
200000
NE
NE
NE
Other
93-65-2
354
Mecopop, MCPP
Methane- Dissolved
Molybdenum
NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
SW333
7439-98-7
333
NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
397 i
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
Other
108-38 3
409 1
m-Xylene
Page 9 of 11

NC Solid Waste Section
Environmental Monitoring List
Groundwater Protection Standards 1
DEQ
CAS RN z SWS ID a CHEMICAL NAME
SW426 426 N-nitrosodiphenylamine/diphenylamine
SW439 439 N-Nitrosodiphenylamine/Diphenylamine
65-85-0 395 Benzoic Acid
211.
21. (MAC
MCL GWP Std Reference List
NE NE Other
NE NE Other
NE NE other
NE
NE
NE
NE
30000
1 NE
39638-32-9
384
Bis(2-chloroisopropyl) ether
0.03
NE
NE
NE
Other
59-89-2
389
N-Nitrosomorpholine
Coliform (total)
NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
other
SW309
309
1
is
NE
NE
5
NE
NE
NE
SW310
310
Color (color units)
Other
SW336
SW313
SW314
336
Oxygen Reduction Potential (mV)
Foaming Agents
NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
Other
Other
313
500
is
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
314
Gross Alpha
106-43-4
365
4-Chlorotoluene
NE
NE
24
25
NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
other
Other
Other
99-87-6
108-20-3
98-82-8
368 _ p-Cymene
366 ( Isopropyl ether
367 Isopropylbenzene
70
NE
NE
NE
70
NE
NE
NE
76-01-7
380
Pentachloroethane
NE
NE
NE
NE
other
SW335
335
Manganese- Dissolved
s0
NE
NE
NE
Other
108-67-8
373
Mesiitylene (1-3-5-trimethylbenzene)
400
NE
NE
NE
other
7440-09-7
377
Potassium
NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
1634-04-4
369
Methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE)
20
NE
NE
NE
Other
104-51-8
361
n-Butylbenzene
70
NE
NE
NE
Other
SW417
417
PropionicAcid
NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
106-42-3
410
p-Xylene _
NE
NE
NE
NE
Other
103-65-1
370 1
n-Propylbenzene
70
NE
NE
NE
other
95-49-8
364
o-Chlorotoluene
100
NE
NE
NE
Other
110-86-1
391
414 1
Pyridine
Pyruvic Acid
NE
NE
NE
7
Other
SW414
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
20000
NE
NE
NE
Other
Other
Other
Other
other
Other
Other
7440-23-5
322
Sodium
SW323
323 SpecCond (field)
307 petroleum aliphatic carbon fraction class C19 - C36
305 petroleum aliphatic carbon fraction class CS - C8
306 petroleum aliphatic carbon fraction class C9 - C18
308 petroleum aromatics carbon fraction class C9 - C22
NE
NE
NE
SW307
10000
NE
NE
SW305
400
NE
NE
NE
SW306
700
NE
NE
SW308
200
NE
NE
NE
Page 10 of 11

NC Solid Waste Section
Environmental Monitoring List
Groundwater Protection Standards)
DEQ
2 Calculated
CAS RN
i SWS ID a
CHEMICAL NAME
211.
2L IMAC
MCL
GWP Std
SW320
320
pH (field)
7.0
NE
NE
NE
95-63-6
372
Pseudocumene (1-2-4-trimethylbenzene)
400
NE
NE
NE
3689-24-5
392
Sulfotep
NE
NE
NE
NE
SW325
325
Temp (oC)
NE
NE
NE
NE
135-98-8
362
sec-Butylbenzene
70
NE
NE
NE
SW328
328
Top Of Casing (ft mean sea level)
NE
I NE
NE
NE
SW425
425
Total BHC
0.02
NE
NE
NE
SW436
436
Total Fatty Acids
NE
NE
NE
NE
E-10195
357
Total Organic Carbon
NE
NE
NE
NE
98-06-6
363
tert-Butylbenzene
70
NE
NE
NE
SW396
396
Total Organic Halides
NE
NE
NE
NE
SW343
343
Total Suspended Solids
NE
NE
NE
NE
SW411 _�
411
Total Well Depth (ft)
NE
NE
NE
NE
SW330
330
Turbidity
NE
i NE
NE
NE
NOTE: GWPSs as listed are current as of October 15, 2018 and are subject to change. Refer to originating sources for any changes.
Reference List 4
Other
1 Groundwater Protection Standard (GWPS) - For compliance purposes, the applicable GWPS is the lower of the listed standards.
2 CAS RN = Chemical Abstract Service Registry Number. For listed contituents with no CAS, the SWS ID is used.
3 SWS ID = Solid Waste Section ID. Unique ID assigned by the Section.
4 Constituents Reference Lists
APPENDIX I - Constituents for Detection Monitoring per 40 CFR Part 258 (7.1-2017 Edition)
APPENDIX II -List of Hazardous Inorganic & Organic Constituents per 40 CFR Part 258 (7-1-2017 Edition). Appendix ll list includes all Appendix I constituents.
C&D - Additional monitored constituents required for Construction & Demolition landfills (CDLFs)
LEACHATE - Monitored constituents for leachate sampling as specified in permit conditions.
other - other constituents, field testing, field measurements, or miscellaneous data that may be required by the Section.
5 ALL -1,4-Dioxane sampling required for all MSW, C&D, & Industrial landfills (active and closed) per SWS Memo dated May 29, 2018.
Other
Other
Other
Other
Other
Other
Other
Other
Other
Other
Other
Other
Other
GW Protection Standards References
2L - NC groundwater water standards per 15A NCAC 02L .0202
2L IMAC (Interim Maximum Allowable Concentrations) - Interim NC groundwater standards per 15A NCAC 02L .0202
MCL (Maximum Contaminant Level) - National primary drinking water standards per Safe Drinking Water Act under 40 CFR Part 141
NC GWP Std (NC Groundwater Protected Standard) - Groundwater value calculated by NC DEQ for constituents with no established 2L standard. Values are calculated using
criteria 1 & 2 of the NC Groundwater standards and do not consider taste, odor, MCLs, MCLG, and secondary drinking water standards.
Weblink for 40 CFR Part 258
Page 11 of 11

APPENDIX C
Solid Waste Section Guidelines for
Groundwater, Soil, and Surface
Water Sampling

Solid Waste Section
Guidelines for Groundwater, Soil, and Surface
Water Sampling
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
DIVISION OF WASTE MANAGEMENT
SOLID WASTE SECTION
General Sampling Procedures
The following guidance is provided to insure a consistent sampling approach so that sample
collection activities at solid waste management facilities provide reliable data. Sampling must
begin with an evaluation of facility information, historical environmental data and site geologic
and hydrogeologic conditions. General sampling procedures are described in this document.
Planning
Begin sampling activities with planning and coordination. The party contracting with the
laboratory is responsible for effectively communicating reporting requirements and evaluating
data reliability as it relates to specific monitoring activities.
Sample Collection
Contamination Prevention
a.) Take special effort to prevent cross contamination or environmental contamination
when collecting samples.
1. If possible, collect samples from the least contaminated sampling location
(or background sampling location, if applicable) to the most contaminated
sampling location.
2. Collect the ambient or background samples first, and store them in
separate ice chests or separate shipping containers within the same ice
chest (e.g. untreated plastic bags).
3. Collect samples in flowing water at designated locations from upstream to
downstream.
b.) Do not store or ship highly contaminated samples (concentrated wastes, free product,
etc.) or samples suspect of containing high concentrations of contaminants in the
same ice chest or shipping containers with other environmental samples.
1. Isolate these sample containers by sealing them in separate, untreated
plastic bags immediately after collecting, preserving, labeling, etc.
2. Use a clean, untreated plastic bag to line the ice chest or shipping
container.
c.) All sampling equipment should be thoroughly decontaminated and transported in a
manner that does not allow it to become contaminated. Arrangements should be
made ahead of time to decontaminate any sampling or measuring equipment that will
be reused when taking samples from more than one well. Field decontamination of
Rev 4-08

sampling equipment will be necessary before sampling each well to minimize the risk
of cross contamination. Decontamination procedures should be included in reports as
necessary. Certified pre -cleaned sampling equipment and containers may be used.
When collecting aqueous samples, rinse the sample collection equipment with a
portion of the sample water before taking the actual sample. Sample containers do not
need to be rinsed. In the case of petroleum hydrocarbons, oil and grease, or
containers with pre -measured preservatives, the sample containers cannot be rinsed.
d.) Place all fuel -powered equipment away from, and downwind of, any site activities
(e.g., purging, sampling, decontamination).
1. If field conditions preclude such placement (i.e., the wind is from the
upstream direction in a boat), place the fuel source(s) as far away as
possible from the sampling activities and describe the conditions in the
field notes.
2. Handle fuel (i.e., filling vehicles and equipment) prior to the sampling
day. If such activities must be performed during sampling, the personnel
must wear disposable gloves.
3. Dispense all fuels downwind. Dispose of gloves well away from the
sampling activities.
Filling Out Sample Labels
Fill out label, adhere to vial and collect sample. Print legibly with indelible ink. At a
minimum, the label or tag should identify the sample with the following information:
1. Sample location and/or well number
2. Sample identification number
3. Date and time of collection
4. Analysis required/requested
5. Sampler's initials
6. Preservative(s) used, if any [i.e., HCI, Na2S203, NO3, ice, etc.]
7. Any other pertinent information for sample identification
Sample Collection Order
Unless field conditions justify other sampling regimens, collect samples in the following
order:
1. Volatile Organics and Volatile Inorganics
2. Extractable Organics, Petroleum Hydrocarbons, Aggregate Organics and
Oil and Grease
3. Total Metals
4. Inorganic Nonmetallics, Physical and Aggregate Properties, and
Biologicals
5. Microbiological
NOTE: If the pump used to collect groundwater samples cannot be used to collect volatile or
extractable organics then collect all other parameters and withdraw the pump and tubing. Then
collect the volatile and extractable organics.
Rev 4-08

Health and Safety
Implement all local, state, and federal requirements relating to health and safety. Follow all
local, state and federal requirements pertaining to the storage and disposal of any hazardous or
investigation derived wastes.
a.) The Solid Waste Section recommends wearing protective gloves when conducting all
sampling activities.
1. Gloves serve to protect the sample collector from potential exposure to sample
constituents, minimize accidental contamination of samples by the collector,
and preserve accurate tare weights on preweighed sample containers.
2. Do not let gloves come into contact with the sample or with the interior or lip
of the sample container. Use clean, new, unpowdered and disposable gloves.
Various types of gloves may be used as long as the construction materials do
not contaminate the sample or if internal safety protocols require greater
protection.
3. Note that certain materials that may potentially be present in concentrated
effluent can pass through certain glove types and be absorbed in the skin.
Many vendor catalogs provide information about the permeability of different
gloves and the circumstances under which the glove material might be
applicable. The powder in powdered gloves can contribute significant
contamination. Powdered gloves are not recommended unless it can be
demonstrated that the powder does not interfere with the sample analysis.
4. Change gloves after preliminary activities, after collecting all the samples at a
single sampling point, if torn or used to handle extremely dirty or highly
contaminated surfaces. Properly dispose of all used gloves as investigation
derived wastes.
b.) Properly manage all investigation derived waste (IDW).
5. To prevent contamination into previously uncontaminated areas, properly
manage all IDW. This includes all water, soil, drilling mud, decontamination
wastes, discarded personal protective equipment (PPE), etc. from site
investigations, exploratory borings, piezometer and monitoring well
installation, refurbishment, abandonment, and other investigative activities.
Manage all IDW that is determined to be RCRA-regulated hazardous waste
according to the local, state and federal requirements.
6. Properly dispose of IDW that is not a RCRA-regulated hazardous waste but is
contaminated above the Department's Soil Cleanup Target Levels or the state
standards and/or minimum criteria for ground water quality. If the drill
cuttings/mud orpurged well water is contaminated with hazardous waste,
contact the DWM Hazardous Waste Section (919-508-8400) for disposal
options. Maintain all containers holding IDW in good condition. Periodically
inspect the containers for damage and ensure that all required labeling (DOT,
RCRA, etc.) are clearly visible.
Rev 4-08

Sample Storage and Transport
Store samples for transport carefully. Pack samples to prevent from breaking and to maintain a
temperature of approximately 4 degrees Celsius (°C), adding ice if necessary. Transport samples
to a North Carolina -certified laboratory as soon as possible. Avoid unnecessary handling of
sample containers. Avoid heating (room temperature or above, including exposure to sunlight)
or freezing of the sample containers. Reduce the time between sample collection and delivery to
a laboratory whenever possible and be sure that the analytical holding times of your samples can
be met by the laboratory.
a.) A complete chain -of -custody (COC) form must be maintained to document all
transfers and receipts of the samples. Be sure that the sample containers are labeled
with the sample location and/or well number, sample identification, the date and time
of collection, the analysis to be performed, the preservative added (if any), the
sampler's initials, and any other pertinent information for sample identification. The
labels should contain a unique identifier (i.e., unique well numbers) that can be traced
to the COC form. The details of sample collection must be documented on the COC.
The COC must include the following:
1. Description of each sample (including QA/QC samples) and the number of
containers (sample location and identification)
2. Signature of the sampler
3. Date and time of sample collection
4. Analytical method to be performed
5. Sample type (i.e., water or soil)
6. Regulatory agency (i.e., NCDENR/DWM — SW Section)
7. Signatures of all persons relinquishing and receiving custody of the
samples
8. Dates and times of custody transfers
b.) Pack samples so that they are segregated by site, sampling location or by sample
analysis type. When COC samples are involved, segregate samples in coolers by site.
If samples from multiple sites will fit in one cooler, they may be packed in the same
cooler with the associated field sheets and a single COC form for all. Coolers should
not exceed a maximum weight of 50 lbs. Use additional coolers as necessary. All
sample containers should be placed in plastic bags (segregated by analysis and
location) and completely surrounded by ice.
1. Prepare and place trip blanks in an ice filled cooler before leaving for the
field.
2. Segregate samples by analysis and place in sealable plastic bags.
3. Pack samples carefully in the cooler placing ice around the samples.
4. Review the COC. The COC form must accompany the samples to the
laboratory. The trip blank(s) must also be recorded on the COC form.
5. Place completed COC form in a waterproof bag, sealed and taped under
the lid of the cooler.
6. Secure shipping containers with strapping tape to avoid accidental
opening.
7. For COC samples, a tamper -proof seal may also be placed over the cooler
lid or over a bag or container containing the samples inside the shipping
cooler.
Rev 4-08 4

8. "COC" or "EMERG" should be written in indelible ink on the cooler seal
to alert sample receipt technicians to priority or special handling samples.
9. The date and sample handler's signature must also be written on the COC
seal.
10. Deliver the samples to the laboratory or ship by commercial courier.
NOTE: If transport time to the laboratory is not long enough to allow
samples to be cooled to 4° C, a temperature reading of the sample source
must be documented as the field temperature on the CDC form. A
downward trend in temperature will be adequate even if cooling to 4° C is
not achieved. The field temperature should always be documented if there
is any question as to whether samples will have time to cool to 4° C during
shipment. Thermometers must be calibrated annually against an NIST
traceable thermometer and documentation must be retained.
Rev 4-08

Appendix A - Decontamination of Field Equipment
Decontamination of personnel, sampling equipment, and containers - before and after
sampling - must be used to ensure collection of representative samples and to prevent the
potential spread of contamination. Decontamination of personnel prevents ingestion and
absorption of contaminants. It must be done with a soap and water wash and deionized or
distilled water rinse. Certified pre -cleaned sampling equipment and containers may also be used.
All previously used sampling equipment must be properly decontaminated before sampling and
between sampling locations. This prevents the introduction of contamination into
uncontaminated samples and avoids cross -contamination of samples. Cross -contamination can
be a significant problem when attempting to characterize extremely low concentrations of
organic compounds or when working with soils that are highly contaminated.
Clean, solvent -resistant gloves and appropriate protective equipment must be worn by
persons decontaminating tools and equipment.
Cleaning Reagents
Recommendations for the types and grades of various cleaning supplies are outlined below.
The recommended reagent types or grades were selected to ensure that the cleaned equipment is
free from any detectable contamination.
a.) Detergents: Use Liqui-Nox (or a non -phosphate equivalent) or Alconox (or
equivalent). Liqui-Nox (or equivalent) is recommended by EPA, although Alconox
(or equivalent) may be substituted if the sampling equipment will not be used to
collect phosphorus or phosphorus containing compounds.
b.) Solvents: Use pesticide grade isopropanol as the rinse solvent in routine equipment
cleaning procedures. This grade of alcohol must be purchased from a laboratory
supply vendor. Rubbing alcohol or other commonly available sources of isopropanol
are not acceptable. Other solvents, such as acetone or methanol, may be used as the
final rinse solvent if they are pesticide grade. However, methanol is more toxic to the
environment and acetone may be an analyte of interest for volatile organics.
1. Do not use acetone if volatile organics are of interest
2. Containerize all methanol wastes (including rinses) and dispose as a
hazardous waste.
Pre -clean equipment that is heavily contaminated with organic analytes. Use reagent
grade acetone and hexane or other suitable solvents. Use pesticide grade methylene
chloride when cleaning sample containers. Store all solvents away from potential
sources of contamination.
c.) Analyte-Free Water Sources: Analyte-free water is water in which all analytes of
interest and all interferences are below method detection limits. Maintain
documentation (such as results from equipment blanks) to demonstrate the reliability
and purity of analyte-free water source(s). The source of the water must meet the
requirements of the analytical method and must be free from the analytes of interest.
In general, the following water types are associated with specific analyte groups:
1. Milli-Q (or equivalent polished water): suitable for all analyses.
Rev 4-08

2. Organic free: suitable for volatile and extractable organics.
3. Deionized water: may not be suitable for volatile and extractable
organics.
4. Distilled water: not suitable for volatile and extractable organics, metals
or ultratrace metals.
Use analyte-free water for blank preparation and the final decontamination water
rinse. In order to minimize long-term storage and potential leaching problems, obtain
or purchase analyte-free water just prior to the sampling event. If obtained from a
source (such as a laboratory), fill the transport containers and use the contents for a
single sampling event. Empty the transport container(s) at the end of the sampling
event. Discard any analyte-free water that is transferred to a dispensing container
(such as a wash bottle or pump sprayer) at the end of each sampling day.
d.) Acids:
1. Reagent Grade Nitric Acid: 10 - 15% (one volume concentrated nitric acid
and five volumes deionized water). Use for the acid rinse unless nitrogen
components (e.g., nitrate, nitrite, etc.) are to be sampled. If sampling for
ultra -trace levels of metals, use an ultra -pure grade acid.
2. Reagent Grade Hydrochloric Acid: 10% hydrochloric acid (one volume
concentrated hydrochloric and three volumes deionized water). Use when
nitrogen components are to be sampled.
3. If samples for both metals and the nitrogen -containing components are
collected with the equipment, use the hydrochloric acid rinse, or
thoroughly rinse with hydrochloric acid after a nitric acid rinse. If
sampling for ultra trace levels of metals, use an ultra -pure grade acid.
4. Freshly prepared acid solutions may be recycled during the sampling event
or cleaning process. Dispose of any unused acids according to local
ordinances.
Reagent Storage Containers
The contents of all containers must be clearly marked.
a.) Detergents:
1. Store in the original container or in a HDPE or PP container.
b.) Solvents:
1. Store solvents to be used for cleaning or decontamination in the original
container until use in the field. If transferred to another container for field
use, use either a glass or Teflon container.
2. Use dispensing containers constructed of glass, Teflon or stainless steel.
Note: If stainless steel sprayers are used, any gaskets that contact the
solvents must be constructed of inert materials.
c.) Analyte-Free Water:
1. Transport in containers appropriate for the type of water stored. If the
water is commercially purchased (e.g., grocery store), use the original
containers when transporting the water to the field. Containers made of
glass, Teflon, polypropylene or HDPE are acceptable.
2. Use glass or Teflon to transport organic -free sources of water on -site.
Polypropylene or HDPE may be used, but are not recommended.
Rev 4-08 7

3. Dispense water from containers made of glass, Teflon, HDPE or
polypropylene.
4. Do not store water in transport containers for more than three days before
beginning a sampling event.
5. If working on a project that has oversight from EPA Region 4, use glass
containers for the transport and storage of all water.
6. Store and dispense acids using containers made of glass, Teflon or plastic.
General Requirements
a.) Prior to use, clean/decontaminate all sampling equipment (pumps, tubing, lanyards,
split spoons, etc.) that will be exposed to the sample.
b.) Before installing, clean (or obtain as certified pre -cleaned) all equipment that is
dedicated to a single sampling point and remains in contact with the sample medium
(e.g., permanently installed groundwater pump). If you use certified pre -cleaned
equipment no cleaning is necessary.
1. Clean this equipment any time it is removed for maintenance or repair.
2. Replace dedicated tubing if discolored or damaged.
c.) Clean all equipment in a designated area having a controlled environment (house,
laboratory, or base of field operations) and transport it to the field, pre -cleaned and
ready to use, unless otherwise justified.
d.) Rinse all equipment with water after use, even if it is to be field -cleaned for other
sites. Rinse equipment used at contaminated sites or used to collect in -process (e.g.,
untreated or partially treated wastewater) samples immediately with water.
e.) Whenever possible, transport sufficient clean equipment to the field so that an entire
sampling event can be conducted without the need for cleaning equipment in the
field.
f.) Segregate equipment that is only used once (i.e., not cleaned in the field) from clean
equipment and return to the in-house cleaning facility to be cleaned in a controlled
environment.
g.) Protect decontaminated field equipment from environmental contamination by
securely wrapping and sealing with one of the following:
1. Aluminum foil (commercial grade is acceptable)
2. Untreated butcher paper
3. Clean, untreated, disposable plastic bags. Plastic bags may be used for all
analyte groups except volatile and extractable organics. Plastic bags may
be used for volatile and extractable organics, if the equipment is first
wrapped in foil or butcher paper, or if the equipment is completely dry.
Cleaning Sample Collection Equipment
a.) On-Site/In-Field Cleaning — Cleaning equipment on -site is not recommended because
environmental conditions cannot be controlled and wastes (solvents and acids) must
be containerized for proper disposal.
1. Ambient temperature water may be substituted in the hot, sudsy water bath
and hot water rinses.
NOTE: Properly dispose of all solvents and acids.
Rev 4-08

2. Rinse all equipment with water after use, even if it is to be field -cleaned
for other sites.
3. Immediately rinse equipment used at contaminated sites or used to collect
in -process (e.g., untreated or partially treated wastewater) samples with
water.
b.) Heavily Contaminated Equipment - In order to avoid contaminating other samples,
isolate heavily contaminated equipment from other equipment and thoroughly
decontaminate the equipment before further use. Equipment is considered heavily
contaminated if it:
1. Has been used to collect samples from a source known to contain
significantly higher levels than background.
2. Has been used to collect free product.
3. Has been used to collect industrial products (e.g., pesticides or solvents) or
their byproducts.
NOTE: Cleaning heavily contaminated equipment in the field is not recommended.
c.) On -Site Procedures:
1. Protect all other equipment, personnel and samples from exposure by
isolating the equipment immediately after use.
2. At a minimum, place the equipment in a tightly sealed, untreated, plastic
bag.
3. Do not store or ship the contaminated equipment next to clean,
decontaminated equipment, unused sample containers, or filled sample
containers.
4. Transport the equipment back to the base of operations for thorough
decontamination.
5. If cleaning must occur in the field, document the effectiveness of the
procedure, collect and analyze blanks on the cleaned equipment.
d.) Cleaning Procedures:
1. If organic contamination cannot be readily removed with scrubbing and a
detergent solution, pre -rinse equipment by thoroughly rinsing or soaking
the equipment in acetone.
2. Use hexane only if preceded and followed by acetone.
3. In extreme cases, it may be necessary to steam clean the field equipment
before proceeding with routine cleaning procedures.
4. After the solvent rinses (and/or steam cleaning), use the appropriate
cleaning procedure. Scrub, rather than soak, all equipment with sudsy
water. If high levels of metals are suspected and the equipment cannot be
cleaned without acid rinsing, soak the equipment in the appropriate acid.
Since stainless steel equipment should not be exposed to acid rinses, do
not use stainless steel equipment when heavy metal contamination is
suspected or present.
5. If the field equipment cannot be cleaned utilizing these procedures,
discard unless further cleaning with stronger solvents and/or oxidizing
solutions is effective as evidenced by visual observation and blanks.
6. Clearly mark or disable all discarded equipment to discourage use.
Rev 4-08

e.) General Cleaning - Follow these procedures when cleaning equipment under
controlled conditions. Check manufacturer's instructions for cleaning restrictions
and/or recommendations.
1. Procedure for Teflon, stainless steel and glass sampling equipment: This
procedure must be used when sampling for ALL analyte groups.
(Extractable organics, metals, nutrients, etc. or if a single decontamination
protocol is desired to clean all Teflon, stainless steel and glass equipment.)
Rinse equipment with hot tap water. Soak equipment in a hot, sudsy water
solution (Liqui-Nox or equivalent). If necessary, use a brush to remove
particulate matter or surface film. Rinse thoroughly with hot tap water. If
samples for trace metals or inorganic analytes will be collected with the
equipment that is not stainless steel, thoroughly rinse (wet all surfaces)
with the appropriate acid solution. Rinse thoroughly with analyte-free
water. Make sure that all equipment surfaces are thoroughly flushed with
water. If samples for volatile or extractable organics will be collected,
rinse with isopropanol. Wet equipment surfaces thoroughly with free -
flowing solvent. Rinse thoroughly with analyte-free water. Allow to air
dry. Wrap and seal as soon as the equipment has air-dried. If isopropanol
is used, the equipment may be air-dried without the final analyte-free
water rinse; however, the equipment must be completely dry before
wrapping or use. Wrap clean sampling equipment according to the
procedure described above.
2. General Cleaning Procedure for Plastic Sampling Equipment: Rinse
equipment with hot tap water. Soak equipment in a hot, sudsy water
solution (Liqui-Nox or equivalent). If necessary, use a brush to remove
particulate matter or surface film. Rinse thoroughly with hot tap water.
Thoroughly rinse (wet all surfaces) with the appropriate acid solution.
Check manufacturer's instructions for cleaning restrictions and/or
recommendations. Rinse thoroughly with analyte-free water. Be sure that
all equipment surfaces are thoroughly flushed. Allow to air dry as long as
possible. Wrap clean sampling equipment according to the procedure
described above.
Rev 4-08 10

Appendix B - Collecting Soil Samples
Soil samples are collected for a variety of purposes. A methodical sampling approach must be
used to assure that sample collection activities provide reliable data. Sampling must begin with
an evaluation of background information, historical data and site conditions.
Soil Field Screening Procedures
Field screening is the use of portable devices capable of detecting petroleum contaminants on
a real-time basis or by a rapid field analytical technique. Field screening should be used to help
assess locations where contamination is most likely to be present.
When possible, field -screening samples should be collected directly from the excavation or
from the excavation equipment's bucket. If field screening is conducted only from the
equipment's bucket, then a minimum of one field screening sample should be collected from
each 10 cubic yards of excavated soil. If instruments or other observations indicate
contamination, soil should be separated into stockpiles based on apparent degrees of
contamination. At a minimum, soil suspected of contamination must be segregated from soil
observed to be free of contamination.
a.) Field screening devices — Many field screen instruments are available for detecting
contaminants in the field on a rapid or real-time basis. Acceptable field screening
instruments must be suitable for the contaminant being screened. The procdedure for
field screening using photoionization detectors (PIDs) and flame ionization detectors
(FIDs) is described below. If other instruments are used, a description of the
instrument or method and its intended use must be provided to the Solid Waste
Section. Whichever field screening method is chosen, its accuracy must be verified
throughout the sampling process. Use appropriate standards that match the use
intended for the data. Unless the Solid Waste Section indicates otherwise, wherever
field screening is recommended in this document, instrumental or analytical methods
of detection must be used, not olfactory or visual screening methods.
b.) Headspace analytical screening procedure for filed screening (semi -quantitative field
screening) - The most commonly used field instruments for Solid Waste Section site
assessments are FIDs and PIDs. When using FIDs and PIDs, use the following
headspace screening procedure to obtain and analyze field -screening samples:
1. Partially fill (one-third to one-half) a clean jar or clean ziplock bag with
the sample to be analyzed. The total capacity of the jar or bag may not be
less than eight ounces (app. 250 ml), but the container should not be so
large as to allow vapor diffusion and stratification effects to significantly
affect the sample.
2. If the sample is collected from a spilt -spoon, it must be transferred to the
jar or bag for headspace analysis immediately after opening the split -
spoon. If the sample is collected from an excavation or soil pile, it must
be collected from freshly uncovered soil.
Rev 4-08 11

3. If a jar is used, it must be quickly covered with clean aluminum foil or a
jar lid; screw tops or thick rubber bands must be used to tightly seal the
jar. If a zip lock bag is used, it must be quickly sealed shut.
4. Headspace vapors must be allowed to develop in the container for at least
10 minutes but no longer than one hour. Containers must be shaken or
agitated for 15 seconds at the beginning and the end of the headspace
development period to assist volatilization. Temperatures of the
headspace must be warmed to at least 5° C (approximately 40' F) with
instruments calibrated for the temperature used.
5. After headspace development, the instrument sampling probe must be
inserted to a point about one-half the headspace depth. The container
opening must be minimized and care must be taken to avoid the uptake of
water droplets and soil particulates.
6. After probe insertion, the highest meter reading must be taken and
recorded. This will normally occur between two and five seconds after
probe insertion. If erratic meter response occurs at high organic vapor
concentrations or conditions of elevated headspace moisture, a note to that
effect must accompany the headspace data.
7. All field screening results must be documented in the field record or log
book.
Soil Sample Collection Procedures for Laboratory Samples
The number and type of laboratory samples collected depends on the purpose of the sampling
activity. Samples analyzed with field screening devices may not be substituted for required
laboratory samples.
a.) General Sample Collection - When collecting samples from potentially contaminated
soil, care should be taken to reduce contact with skin or other parts of the body.
Disposable gloves should be worn by the sample collector and should be changed
between samples to avoid cross -contamination. Soil samples should be collected in a
manner that causes the least disturbance to the internal structure of the sample and
reduces its exposure to heat, sunlight and open air. Likewise, care should be taken to
keep the samples from being contaminated by other materials or other samples
collected at the site. When sampling is to occur over an extended period of time, it is
necessary to insure that the samples are collected in a comparable manner. All
samples must be collected with disposable or clean tools that have been
decontaminated. Disposable gloves must be worn and changed between sample
collections. Sample containers must be filled quickly. Soil samples must be placed
in containers in the order of volatility, for example, volatile organic aromatic samples
must be taken first, organics next, then heavier range organics, and finally soil
classification samples. Containers must be quickly and adequately sealed, and rims
must be cleaned before tightening lids. Tape may be used only if known not to affect
sample analysis. Sample containers must be clearly labeled. Containers must
immediately be preserved according to procedures in this Section. Unless specified
Rev 4-08 12

otherwise, at a minimum, the samples must be immediately cooled to 4 ± 2°C and this
temperature must be maintained throughout delivery to the laboratory.
b.) Surface Soil Sampling - Surface soil is generally classified as soil between the ground
surface and 6-12 inches below ground surface. Remove leaves, grass and surface
debris from the area to be sampled. Select an appropriate, pre -cleaned sampling
device and collect the sample. Transfer the sample to the appropriate sample
container. Clean the outside of the sample container to remove excess soil. Label the
sample container, place on wet ice to preserve at 4°C, and complete the field notes.
c.) Subsurface Soil Sampling — The interval begins at approximately 12 inches below
ground surface. Collect samples for volatile organic analyses. For other analyses,
select an appropriate, pre -cleaned sampling device and collect the sample. Transfer
the sample to the appropriate sample container. Clean the outside of the sample
container to remove excess soil. Label the sample container, place on wet ice to
preserve at 4°C, and complete field notes.
d.) Equipment for Reachingthe Appropriate Soil Sampling Depth - Samples may be
collected using a hollow stem soil auger, direct push, Shelby tube, split -spoon
sampler, or core barrel. These sampling devices may be used as long as an effort is
made to reduce the loss of contaminants through volatilization. In these situations,
obtain a sufficient volume of so the samples can be collected without volatilization
and disturbance to the internal structure of the samples. Samples should be collected
from cores of the soil. Non -disposable sampling equipment must be decontaminated
between each sample location. NOTE: If a confining layer has been breached during
sampling, grout the hole to land.
e.) Equipment to Collect Soil Samples - Equipment and materials that may be used to
collect soil samples include disposable plastic syringes and other "industry -standard"
equipment and materials that are contaminant -free. Non -disposable sampling
equipment must be decontaminated between each sample location.
Rev 4-08 13

Appendix C - Collecting Groundwater Samples
Groundwater samples are collected to identify, investigate, assess and monitor the concentration
of dissolved contaminant constituents. To properly assess groundwater contamination, first
install sampling points (monitoring wells, etc.) to collect groundwater samples and then perform
specific laboratory analyses. All monitoring wells should be constructed in accordance with 15A
NCAC 2C .0100 and sampled as outlined in this section. Groundwater monitoring is conducted
using one of two methods:
1. Portable Monitoring: Monitoring that is conducted using sampling equipment that is
discarded between sampling locations. Equipment used to collect a groundwater sample
from a well such as bailers, tubing, gloves, and etc. are disposed of after sample
collection. A new set of sampling equipment is used to collect a groundwater sample at
the next monitor well.
2. Dedicated Monitoriniz: Monitoring that utilizes permanently affixed down -well and well
head components that are capped after initial set-up. Most dedicated monitoring systems
are comprised of an in -well submersible bladder pump, with air supply and sample
discharge tubing, and an above -ground driver/controller for regulation of flow rates and
volumes. The pump and all tubing housed within the well should be composed of Teflon
or stainless steel components. This includes seals inside the pump, the pump body, and
fittings used to connect tubing to the pump. Because ground water will not be in contact
with incompatible constituents and because the well is sealed from the surface, virtually
no contamination is possible from intrinsic sources during sampling and between
sampling intervals. All dedicated monitoring systems must be approved by the Solid
Waste Section before installation.
Groundwater samples may be collected from a number of different configurations. Each
configuration is associated with a unique set of sampling equipment requirements and
techniques:
1. Wells without Plumbing: These wells require equipment to be brought to the well to
purge and sample unless dedicated equipment is placed in the well.
2. Wells with In -Place Plumbing: Wells with in -place plumbing do not require equipment
to be brought to the well to purge and sample. In -place plumbing is generally considered
permanent equipment routinely used for purposes other than purging and sampling, such
as for water supply.
3. Air Strippers or Remedial Systems: These types of systems are installed as remediation
devices.
Rev 4-08 14

Groundwater Sample Preparation
The type of sample containers used depends on the type of analysis performed. First,
determine the type(s) of contaminants expected and the proper analytical method(s). Be sure to
consult your selected laboratory for its specific needs and requirements prior to sampling.
Next, prepare the storage and transport containers (ice chest, etc.) before taking any samples so
that each sample can be placed in a chilled environment immediately after collection.
Use groundwater purging and sampling equipment constructed of only non -reactive, non -
leachable materials that are compatible with the environment and the selected analytes. In
selecting groundwater purging and sampling equipment, give consideration to the depth of the
well, the depth to groundwater, the volume of water to be evacuated, the sampling and purging
technique, and the analytes of interest. Additional supplies, such as reagents and preservatives,
may be necessary.
All sampling equipment (bailers, tubing, containers, etc.) must be selected based on its
chemical compatibility with the source being sampled (e.g., water supply well, monitoring well)
and the contaminants potentially present.
a.) Pumps - All pumps or pump tubing must be lowered and retrieved from the well
slowly and carefully to minimize disturbance to the formation water. This is
especially critical at the air/water interface.
1. Above -Ground Pumps
• Variable Speed Peristaltic Pump: Use a variable speed peristaltic
pump to purge groundwater from wells when the static water level
in the well is no greater than 20- 25 feet below land surface (BLS).
If the water levels are deeper than 18-20 feet BLS, the pumping
velocity will decrease. A variable speed peristaltic pump can be
used for normal purging and sampling, and sampling low
permeability aquifers or formations. Most analyte groups can be
sampled with a peristaltic pump if the tubing and pump
configurations are appropriate.
• Variable Speed Centrifugal Pump: A variable speed centrifugal
pump can be used to purge groundwater from 2-inch and larger
internal diameter wells. Do not use this type of pump to collect
groundwater samples. When purging is complete, do not allow the
water that remains in the tubing to fall back into the well. Install a
check valve at the end of the purge tubing.
2. Submersible Pumps
• Variable Speed Electric Submersible Pump: A variable speed
submersible pump can be used to purge and sample groundwater
from 2-inch and larger internal diameter wells. A variable speed
submersible pump can be used for normal purging and sampling,
and sampling low permeability aquifers or formations. The pump
housing, fittings, check valves and associated hardware must be
constructed of stainless steel. All other materials must be
Rev 4-08 15

b.) Bailers
compatible with the analytes of interest. Install a check valve at
the output side of the pump to prevent backflow. If purging and
sampling for organics, the entire length of the delivery tube must
be Teflon, polyethylene or polypropylene (PP) tubing; the
electrical cord must be sealed in Teflon, polyethylene or PP and
any cabling must be sealed in Teflon, polyethylene or PP, or be
constructed of stainless steel; and all interior components that
contact the sample water (impeller, seals, gaskets, etc.) must be
constructed of stainless steel or Teflon.
3. Variable Speed Bladder Pump: A variable speed, positive displacement,
bladder pump can be used to purge and sample groundwater from 3/4-inch
and larger internal diameter wells.
• A variable speed bladder pump can be used for normal purging and
sampling, and sampling low permeability aquifers or formations.
• The bladder pump system is composed of the pump, the
compressed air tubing, the water discharge tubing, the controller
and a compressor, or a compressed gas supply.
• The pump consists of a bladder and an exterior casing or pump
body that surrounds the bladder and two (2) check valves. These
parts can be composed of various materials, usually combinations
of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), Teflon, polyethylene, PP and
stainless steel. Other materials must be compatible with the
analytes of interest.
• If purging and sampling for organics, the pump body must be
constructed of stainless steel. The valves and bladder must be
Teflon, polyethylene or PP; the entire length of the delivery tube
must be Teflon, polyethylene or PP; and any cabling must be
sealed in Teflon, polyethylene or PP, or be constructed of stainless
steel.
• Permanently installed pumps may have a PVC pump body as long
as the pump remains in contact with the water in the well.
I. Purging: Bailers must be used with caution because improper bailing can
cause changes in the chemistry of the water due to aeration and loosening
particulate matter in the space around the well screen. Use a bailer if there
is non -aqueous phase liquid (free product) in the well or if non -aqueous
phase liquid is suspected to be in the well.
2. Sampling: Bailers must be used with caution.
3. Construction and Type: Bailers must be constructed of materials
compatible with the analytes of interest. Stainless steel, Teflon, rigid
medical grade PVC, polyethylene and PP bailers may be used to sample
all analytes. Use disposable bailers when sampling grossly contaminated
sample sources. NCDENR recommends using dual check valve bailers
when collecting samples. Use bailers with a controlled flow bottom to
collect volatile organic samples.
Rev 4-08 16

4. Contamination Prevention: Keep the bailer wrapped (foil, butcher paper,
etc.) until just before use. Use protective gloves to handle the bailer once
it is removed from its wrapping. Handle the bailer by the lanyard to
minimize contact with the bailer surface.
c.) Lans
1. Lanyards must be made of non -reactive, non -leachable material. They
may be cotton twine, nylon, stainless steel, or may be coated with Teflon,
polyethylene or PP.
2. Discard cotton twine, nylon, and non -stainless steel braided lanyards after
sampling each monitoring well.
3. Decontaminate stainless steel, coated Teflon, polyethylene and PP
lanyards between monitoring wells. They do not need to be
decontaminated between purging and sampling operations.
Water Level and Purge Volume Determination
The amount of water that must be purged from a well is determined by the volume of water
and/or field parameter stabilization.
a.) General Equipment Considerations - Selection of appropriate purging equipment
depends on the analytes of interest, the well diameter, transmissivity of the aquifer,
the depth to groundwater, and other site conditions.
1. Use of a pump to purge the well is recommended unless no other
equipment can be used or there is non -aqueous phase liquid in the well, or
non -aqueous phase liquid is suspected to be in the well.
2. Bailers must be used with caution because improper bailing:
• Introduces atmospheric oxygen, which may precipitate metals
(i.e., iron) or cause other changes in the chemistry of the water
in the sample (i.e., pH).
• Agitates groundwater, which may bias volatile and semi -
volatile organic analyses due to volatilization.
• Agitates the water in the aquifer and resuspends fine particulate
matter.
• Surges the well, loosening particulate matter in the annular
space around the well screen.
• May introduce dirt into the water column if the sides of the
casing wall are scraped.
NOTE: It is critical for bailers to be slowly and gently immersed into the top of the water
column, particularly during the final stages of purging. This minimizes turbidity and
disturbance of volatile organic constituents.
b.) Initial Inspection
1. Remove the well cover and remove all standing water around the top of
the well casing (manhole) before opening the well.
2. Inspect the exterior protective casing of the monitoring well for damage.
Document the results of the inspection if there is a problem.
3. It is recommended that you place a protective covering around the well
head. Replace the covering if it becomes soiled or ripped.
Rev 4-08 17

4. Inspect the well lock and determine whether the cap fits tightly. Replace
the cap if necessary.
c.) Water Level Measurements - Use an electronic probe or chalked tape to determine the
water level. Decontaminate all equipment before use. Measure the depth to
groundwater from the top of the well casing to the nearest 0.01 foot. Always measure
from the same reference point or survey mark on the well casing. Record the
measurement.
I. Electronic Probe: Decontaminate all equipment before use. Follow the
manufacturer's instructions for use. Record the measurement.
2. Chalked Line Method: Decontaminate all equipment before use. Lower
chalked tape into the well until the lower end is in the water. This is
usually determined by the sound of the weight hitting the water. Record
the length of the tape relative to the reference point. Remove the tape and
note the length of the wetted portion. Record the length. Determine the
depth to water by subtracting the length of the wetted portion from the
total length. Record the result.
d.) Water Column Determination - To determine the length of the water column, subtract
the depth to the top of the water column from the total well depth (or gauged well
depth if silting has occurred). The total well depth depends on the well construction.
If gauged well depth is used due to silting, report total well depth also. Some wells
may be drilled in areas of sinkhole, karst formations or rock leaving an open
borehole. Attempt to find the total borehole depth in cases where there is an open
borehole below the cased portion.
e.) Well Water Volume - Calculate the total volume of water, in gallons, in the well
using the following equation:
V = (0.041)d x d x h
Where:
V = volume in gallons
d = well diameter in inches
h = height of the water column in feet
The total volume of water in the well may also be determined with the following
equation by using a casing volume per foot factor (Gallons per Foot of Water) for the
appropriate diameter well:
V = [Gallons per Foot of Water] x h
Where:
V = volume in gallons
h = height of the water column in feet
Record all measurements and calculations in the field records.
f.) Purging Equipment Volume - Calculate the total volume of the pump, associated
tubing and flow cell (if used), using the following equation:
V= p + ((0.041)d x dx 1)+fc
Where:
V = volume in gallons
p = volume of pump in gallons
d = tubing diameter in inches
1= length of tubing in feet
Rev 4-08 18

fc = volume of flow cell in gallons
g.) If the groundwater elevation data are to be used to construct groundwater elevation
contour maps, all water level measurements must be taken within the same 24 hour
time interval when collecting samples from multiple wells on a site, unless a shorter
time period is required. If the site is tidally influenced, complete the water level
measurements within the time frame of an incoming or outgoing tide.
Well Purging Techniques
The selection of the purging technique and equipment is dependent on the hydrogeologic
properties of the aquifer, especially depth to groundwater and hydraulic conductivity.
a.) Measuring the Purge Volume - The volume of water that is removed during purging
must be recorded. Therefore, you must measure the volume during the purging
operation.
1. Collect the water in a graduated container and multiply the number of
times the container was emptied by the volume of the container, OR
2. Estimate the volume based on pumping rate. This technique may be used
only if the pumping rate is constant. Determine the pumping rate by
measuring the amount of water that is pumped for a fixed period of time,
or use a flow meter.
• Calculate the amount of water that is discharged per
minute: D = Measured Amount/Total Time In Minutes
• Calculate the time needed to purge one (1) well volume or
one (1) purging equipment volume: Time = V/D
Where: V = well volume or purging equipment volume
D = discharge rate
• Make new measurements each time the pumping rate is
changed.
3. Use a totalizing flow meter.
• Record the reading on the totalizer prior to purging.
• Record the reading on the totalizer at the end of purging.
• To obtain the volume purged, subtract the reading on the
totalizer prior to purging from the reading on the totalizer at
the end of purging.
• Record the times that purging begins and ends in the field
records.
b.) Purging Measurement Frequency - When purging a well that has the well screen fully
submerged and the pump or intake tubing is placed within the well casing above the
well screen or open hole, purge a minimum of one (1) well volume prior to collecting
measurements of the field parameters. Allow at least one quarter (1/4) well volume
to purge between subsequent measurements. When purging a well that has the pump
or intake tubing placed within a fully submerged well screen or open hole, purge until
the water level has stabilized (well recovery rate equals the purge rate), then purge a
minimum of one (1) volume of the pump, associated tubing and flow cell (if used)
prior to collecting measurements of the field parameters. Take measurements of the
field parameters no sooner than two (2) to three (3) minutes apart. Purge at least
Rev 4-08 19

three (3) volumes of the pump, associated tubing and flow cell, if used, prior to
collecting a sample. When purging a well that has a partially submerged well screen,
purge a minimum of one (1) well volume prior to collecting measurements of the
field parameters. Take measurements of the field parameters no sooner than two (2)
to three (3) minutes apart.
c.) Purging ompletion - Wells must be adequately purged prior to sample collection to
ensure representation of the aquifer formation water, rather than stagnant well water.
This may be achieved by purging three volumes from the well or by satisfying any
one of the following three purge completion criteria:
1.) Three (3) consecutive measurements in which the three (3) parameters listed
below are within the stated limits, dissolved oxygen is no greater than 20
percent of saturation at the field measured temperature, and turbidity is no
greater than 20 Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTUs).
• Temperature: + 0.2° C
• pH: + 0.2 Standard Units
• Specific Conductance: + 5.0% of reading
Document and report the following, as applicable. The last four items only
need to be submitted once:
• Purging rate.
• Drawdown in the well, if any.
• A description of the process and the data used to design the
well.
• The equipment and procedure used to install the well.
• The well development procedure.
• Pertinent lithologic or hydrogeologic information.
2.) If it is impossible to get dissolved oxygen at or below 20 percent of saturation
at the field measured temperature or turbidity at or below 20 NTUs, then three
(3) consecutive measurements of temperature, pH, specific conductance and
the parameter(s) dissolved oxygen and/or turbidity that do not meet the
requirements above must be within the limits below. The measurements are:
• Temperature: + 0.2° C
• pH: + 0.2 Standard Units
• Specific Conductance: + 5.0% of reading
• Dissolved Oxygen: + 0.2 mg/L or 10%, whichever is
greater
• Turbidity: + 5 NTUs or 10%, whichever is greater
Additionally, document and report the following, as applicable, except that
the last four(4) items only need to be submitted once:
• Purging rate.
• Drawdown in the well, if any.
• A description of conditions at the site that may cause the
dissolved oxygen to be high and/or dissolved oxygen
measurements made within the screened or open hole
portion of the well with a downhole dissolved oxygen
probe.
Rev 4-08 20

• A description of conditions at the site that may cause the
turbidity to be high and any procedures that will be used to
minimize turbidity in the future.
• A description of the process and the data used to design the
well.
• The equipment and procedure used to install the well.
• The well development procedure.
• Pertinent lithologic or hydrogeologic information.
3.) If after five (5) well volumes, three (3) consecutive measurements of the field
parameters temperature, pH, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, and
turbidity are not within the limits stated above, check the instrument condition
and calibration, purging flow rate and all tubing connections to determine if
they might be affecting the ability to achieve stable measurements. It is at the
discretion of the consultant/contractor whether or not to collect a sample or to
continue purging. Further, the report in which the data are submitted must
include the following, as applicable. The last four (4) items only need to be
submitted once.
• Purging rate.
• Drawdown in the well, if any.
• A description of conditions at the site that may cause the
Dissolved Oxygen to be high and/or Dissolved Oxygen
measurements made within the screened or open hole
portion of the well with a downhole dissolved oxygen
probe.
• A description of conditions at the site that may cause the
turbidity to be high and any procedures that will be used to
minimize turbidity in the future.
• A description of the process and the data used to design the
well.
• The equipment and procedure used to install the well.
• The well development procedure.
• Pertinent lithologic or hydrogeologic information.
If wells have previously and consistently purged dry, and the current depth to
groundwater indicates that the well will purge dry during the current sampling
event, minimize the amount of water removed from the well by using the same
pump to purge and collect the sample:
• Place the pump or tubing intake within the well screened
interval.
• Use very small diameter Teflon, polyethylene or PP tubing
and the smallest possible pump chamber volume. This will
minimize the total volume of water pumped from the well
and reduce drawdown.
• Select tubing that is thick enough to minimize oxygen
transfer through the tubing walls while pumping.
Rev 4-08 21

• Pump at the lowest possible rate (100 mL/minute or less) to
reduce drawdown to a minimum.
• Purge at least two (2) volumes of the pumping system
(pump, tubing and flow cell, if used).
• Measure pH, specific conductance, temperature, dissolved
oxygen and turbidity, then begin to collect the samples.
Collect samples immediately after purging is complete. The time period between
completing the purge and sampling cannot exceed six hours. If sample collection
does not occur within one hour of purging completion, re -measure the five field
parameters: temperature, pH, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen and turbidity,
just prior to collecting the sample. If the measured values are not within 10 percent
of the previous measurements, re -purge the well. The exception is "dry" wells.
d.) Lanyards
1. Securely fasten lanyards, if used, to any downhole equipment (bailers,
pumps, etc.).
2. Use bailer lanyards in such a way that they do not touch the ground
surface.
Wells Without Plumbing
a.) Tubin /gip Placement
1. If attempting to minimize the volume of purge water, position the intake
hose or pump at the midpoint of the screened or open hole interval.
2. If monitoring well conditions do not allow minimizing of the purge water
volume, position the pump or intake hose near the top of the water
column. This will ensure that all stagnant water in the casing is removed.
3. If the well screen or borehole is partially submerged, and the pump will be
used for both purging and sampling, position the pump midway between
the measured water level and the bottom of the screen. Otherwise,
position the pump or intake hose near the top of the water column.
b.) Non -dedicated (portable) pumps
1. Variable Speed Peristaltic Pump
• Wear sampling gloves to position the decontaminated
pump and tubing.
• Attach a short section of tubing to the discharge side of the
pump and into a graduated container.
• Attach one end of a length of new or precleaned tubing to
the pump head flexible hose.
• Place the tubing as described in one of the options listed
above.
• Change gloves before beginning to purge.
• Measure the depth to groundwater at frequent intervals.
• Record these measurements.
• Adjust the purging rate so that it is equivalent to the well
recovery rate to minimize drawdown.
Rev 4-08 22

• If the purging rate exceeds the well recovery rate, reduce
the pumping rate to balance the withdrawal rate with the
recharge rate.
• If the water table continues to drop during pumping, lower
the tubing at the approximate rate of drawdown so that
water is removed from the top of the water column.
• Record the purging rate each time the rate changes.
• Measure the purge volume.
• Record this measurement.
• Decontaminate the pump and tubing between wells (see
Appendix C) or if precleaned tubing is used for each well,
only the pump.
2. Variable Speed Centrifugal Pump
• Position fuel powered equipment downwind and at least 10
feet from the well head. Make sure that the exhaust faces
downwind.
• Wear sampling gloves to position the decontaminated
pump and tubing.
• Place the decontaminated suction hose so that water is
always pumped from the top of the water column.
• Change gloves before beginning to purge.
• Equip the suction hose with a foot valve to prevent purge
water from re-entering the well.
• Measure the depth to groundwater at frequent intervals.
• Record these measurements.
• To minimize drawdown, adjust the purging rate so that it is
equivalent to the well recovery rate.
• If the purging rate exceeds the well recovery rate, reduce
the pumping rate to balance the withdrawal rate with the
recharge rate.
• If the water table continues to drop during pumping, lower
the tubing at the approximate rate of drawdown so that the
water is removed from the top of the water column.
• Record the purging rate each time the rate changes.
• Measure the purge volume.
• Record this measurement.
• Decontaminate the pump and tubing between wells or if
precleaned tubing is used for each well, only the pump.
3. Variable Speed Electric Submersible Pump
• Position fuel powered equipment downwind and at least 10
feet from the well head. Make sure that the exhaust faces
downwind.
• Wear sampling gloves to position the decontaminated
pump and tubing.
• Carefully position the decontaminated pump.
Rev 4-08 23

• Change gloves before beginning to purge.
• Measure the depth to groundwater at frequent intervals.
• Record these measurements.
• To minimize drawdown, adjust the purging rate so that it is
equivalent to the well recovery rate.
• If the purging rate exceeds the well recovery rate, reduce
the pumping rate to balance the withdrawal rate with the
recharge rate.
• If the water table continues to drop during pumping, lower
the tubing or pump at the approximate rate of drawdown so
that water is removed from the top of the water column.
• Record the purging rate each time the rate changes.
• Measure the purge volume.
• Record this measurement.
• Decontaminate the pump and tubing between wells or only
the pump if precleaned tubing is used for each well.
4. Variable Speed Bladder Pump
• Position fuel powered equipment downwind and at least 10
feet from the well head. Make sure that the exhaust faces
downwind.
• Wear sampling gloves to position the decontaminated
pump and tubing.
• Attach the tubing and carefully position the pump.
• Change gloves before beginning purging.
• Measure the depth to groundwater at frequent intervals.
• Record these measurements.
• To minimize drawdown, adjust the purging rate so that it is
equivalent to the well recovery rate.
• If the purging rate exceeds the well recovery rate, reduce
the pumping rate to balance the withdrawal rate with the
recharge rate.
• If the water table continues to drop during pumping, lower
the tubing or pump at the approximate rate of drawdown so
that water is removed from the top of the water column.
• Record the purging rate each time the rate changes.
• Measure the purge volume.
• Record this measurement.
• Decontaminate the pump and tubing between wells or if
precleaned tubing is used for each well, only the pump.
c.) Dedicated Portable Pumps
1. Variable Speed Electric Submersible Pump
• Position fuel powered equipment downwind and at least 10
feet from the well head. Make sure that the exhaust faces
downwind.
• Wear sampling gloves.
Rev 4-08 24

• Measure the depth to groundwater at frequent intervals.
• Record these measurements.
• Adjust the purging rate so that it is equivalent to the well
recovery rate to minimize drawdown.
• If the purging rate exceeds the well recovery rate, reduce
the pumping rate to balance the withdraw with the recharge
rate.
• Record the purging rate each time the rate changes.
• Measure the purge volume.
• Record this measurement.
2. Variable Speed Bladder Pump
• Position fuel powered equipment downwind and at least 10
feet from the well head. Make sure that the exhaust faces
downwind.
• Wear sampling gloves.
• Measure the depth to groundwater at frequent intervals.
• Record these measurements.
• Adjust the purging rate so that it is equivalent to the well
recovery rate to minimize drawdown.
• If the purging rate exceeds the well recovery rate, reduce
the pumping rate to balance the withdraw with the recharge
rate.
• Record the purging rate each time the rate changes.
• Measure the purge volume.
• Record this measurement.
3. Bailers - Using bailers for purging is not recommended unless care is
taken to use proper bailing technique, or if free product is present in the
well or suspected to be in the well.
• Minimize handling the bailer as much as possible.
• Wear sampling gloves.
• Remove the bailer from its protective wrapping just before
use.
• Attach a lanyard of appropriate material.
• Use the lanyard to move and position the bailer.
• Lower and retrieve the bailer slowly and smoothly.
• Lower the bailer carefully into the well to a depth
approximately a foot above the water column.
• When the bailer is in position, lower the bailer into the
water column at a rate of 2 cm/sec until the desired depth is
reached.
• Do not lower the top of the bailer more than one (1) foot
below the top of the water table so that water is removed
from the top of the water column.
• Allow time for the bailer to fill with aquifer water as it
descends into the water column.
Rev 4-08 25

• Carefully raise the bailer. Retrieve the bailer at the same
rate of 2 cm/sec until the bottom of the bailer has cleared to
top of the water column.
• Measure the purge volume.
• Record the volume of the bailer.
• Continue to carefully lower and retrieve the bailer as
described above until the purging is considered complete,
based on either the removal of 3 well volumes.
• Remove at least one (1) well volume before collecting
measurements of the field parameters. Take each
subsequent set of measurements after removing at least one
quarter (1/4) well volume between measurements.
Groundwater Sampling Techniques
a.) Purge wells.
b.) Replace protective covering around the well if it is soiled or torn after completing
purging operations.
c.) Equipment Considerations
1. The following pumps are approved to collect volatile organic samples:
• Stainless steel and Teflon variable speed submersible
PUMPS
• Stainless steel and Teflon or polyethylene variable speed
bladder pumps
• Permanently installed PVC bodied pumps (As long as the
pump remains in contact with the water in the well at all
times)
2. Collect sample from the sampling device and store in sample container.
Do not use intermediate containers.
3. To avoid contamination or loss of analytes from the sample, handle
sampling equipment as little as possible and minimize equipment exposure
to the sample.
4. To reduce chances of cross -contamination, use dedicated equipment
whenever possible. "Dedicated" is defined as equipment that is to be used
solely for one location for the life of that equipment (e.g., permanently
mounted pump). Purchase dedicated equipment with the most sensitive
analyte of interest in mind.
• Clean or make sure dedicated pumps are clean before
installation. They do not need to be cleaned prior to each
use, but must be cleaned if they are withdrawn for repair or
servicing.
• Clean or make sure any permanently mounted tubing is
clean before installation.
• Change or clean tubing when the pump is withdrawn for
servicing.
• Clean any replaceable or temporaiy parts.
Rev 4-08 26

• Collect equipment blanks on dedicated pumping systems
when the tubing is cleaned or replaced.
• Clean or make sure dedicated bailers are clean before
placing them into the well.
• Collect an equipment blank on dedicated bailers before
introducing them into the water column.
• Suspend dedicated bailers above the water column if they
are stored in the well.
Sampling Wells Without Plumbing
a.) Sampling with Pumps — The following pumps may be used to sample for organics:
• Peristaltic pumps
• Stainless steel, Teflon or polyethylene bladder pumps
• Variable speed stainless steel and Teflon submersible
PUMPS
Peristaltic Pump
• Volatile Organics: One of three methods may be used.
■ Remove the drop tubing from the inlet side
of the pump; submerge the drop tubing into
the water column; prevent the water in the
tubing from flowing back into the well;
remove the drop tubing from the well;
carefully allow the groundwater to drain into
the sample vials; avoid turbulence; do not
aerate the sample; repeat steps until enough
vials are filled. OR
■ Use the pump to fill the drop tubing; quickly
remove the tubing from the pump; prevent
the water in the tubing from flowing back
into the well; remove the drop tubing from
the well; carefully allow the groundwater to
drain into the sample vials; avoid
turbulence; do not aerate the sample; repeat
steps until enough vials are filled. OR
■ Use the pump to fill the drop tubing;
withdraw the tubing from the well; reverse
the flow on the peristaltic pumps to deliver
the sample into the vials at a slow, steady
rate; repeat steps until enough vials are
filled.
• Extractable Organics: If delivery tubing is not
polyethylene or PP, or is not Teflon lined, use pump and
vacuum trap method. Connect the outflow tubing from the
container to the influent side of the peristaltic pump. Turn
pump on and reduce flow until smooth and even. Discard a
Rev 4-08 27

small portion of the sample to allow for air space. Preserve
(if required), label, and complete field notes.
• Inorganic samples: These samples may be collected from
the effluent tubing. If samples are collected from the
pump, decontaminate all tubing (including the tubing in the
head) or change it between wells. Preserve (if required),
label, and complete field notes.
2. Variable Speed Bladder Pump
• If sampling for organics, the pump body must be
constructed of stainless steel and the valves and bladder
must be Teflon. All tubing must be Teflon, polyethylene,
or PP and any cabling must be sealed in Teflon,
polyethylene or PP, or made of stainless steel.
• After purging to a smooth even flow, reduce the flow rate.
• When sampling for volatile organic compounds, reduce the
flow rate to 100-200mL/minute, if possible.
3. Variable Speed Submersible Pump
• The housing must be stainless steel.
• If sampling for organics, the internal impellers, seals and
gaskets must be constructed of stainless steel, Teflon,
polyethylene or PP. The delivery tubing must be Teflon,
polyethylene or PP; the electrical cord must be sealed in
Teflon; any cabling must be sealed in Teflon or constructed
of stainless steel.
• After purging to a smooth even flow, reduce the flow rate.
• When sampling for volatile organic compounds, reduce the
flow rate to 100-200mL/minute, if possible.
b.) Sampling with Bailers - A high degree of skill and coordination are necessary to
collect representative samples with a bailer.
1. General Considerations
• Minimize handling of bailer as much as possible.
• Wear sampling gloves.
• Remove bailer from protective wrapping just before use.
• Attach a lanyard of appropriate material.
• Use the lanyard to move and position the bailers.
• Do not allow bailer or lanyard to touch the ground.
• If bailer is certified precleaned, no rinsing is necessary.
• If both a pump and a bailer are to be used to collect
samples, rinse the exterior and interior of the bailer with
sample water from the pump before removing the pump.
• If the purge pump is not appropriate for collecting samples
(e.g., non -inert components), rinse the bailer by collecting a
single bailer of the groundwater to be sampled.
• Discard the water appropriately.
Rev 4-08 28

• Do not rinse the bailer if Oil and Grease samples are to be
collected.
2. Bailing Technique
• Collect all samples that are required to be collected with a
pump before collecting samples with the bailer.
• Raise and lower the bailer gently to minimize stirring up
particulate matter in the well and the water column, which
can increase sample turbidity.
• Lower the bailer carefully into the well to a depth
approximately a foot above the water column. When the
bailer is in position, lower the bailer into the water column
at a rate of 2 cm/sec until the desired depth is reached.
• Do not lower the top of the bailer more than one foot below
the top of the water table, so that water is removed from the
top of the water column.
• Allow time for the bailer to fill with aquifer water as it
descends into the water column.
• Do not allow the bailer to touch the bottom of the well or
particulate matter will be incorporated into the sample.
Carefully raise the bailer. Retrieve the bailer at the
same rate of 2 cm/sec until the bottom of the bailer has
cleared to top of the water column.
• Lower the bailer to approximately the same depth each
time.
• Collect the sample. Install a device to control the flow
from the bottom of the bailer and discard the first few
inches of water. Fill the appropriate sample containers by
allowing the sample to slowly flow down the side of the
container. Discard the last few inches of water in the
bailer.
• Repeat steps for additional samples.
• As a final step measure the DO, pH, temperature, turbidity
and specific conductance after the final sample has been
collected. Record all measurements and note the time
that sampling was completed.
c.) Sampling Low Permeability Aquifers or Wells that have Purged Dry
1. Collect the sample(s) after the well has been purged. Minimize the amount
of water removed from the well by using the same pump to purge and
collect the sample. If the well has purged dry, collect samples as soon as
sufficient sample water is available.
2. Measure the five field parameters temperature, pH, specific conductance,
dissolved oxygen and turbidity at the time of sample collection.
3. Advise the analytical laboratory and the client that the usual amount of
sample for analysis may not be available.
Rev 4-08 29

Appendix D - Collecting Samples from Wells with
Plumbing in Place
In -place plumbing is generally considered permanent equipment routinely used for purposes
other than purging and sampling, such as for water supply.
a.) Air Strippers or Remedial Systems - These types of systems are installed as
remediation devices. Collect influent and effluent samples from air stripping units as
described below.
1. Remove any tubing from the sampling port and flush for one to two
minutes.
2. Remove all hoses, aerators and filters (if possible).
3. Open the spigot and purge sufficient volume to flush the spigot and lines
and until the purging completion criteria have been met.
4. Reduce the flow rate to approximately 500 mUminute (a 1/8" stream) or
approximately 0.1 gal/minute before collecting samples.
5. Follow procedures for collecting samples from water supply wells as
outlined below.
b.) Water Supply Wells — Water supply wells with in -place plumbing do not require
equipment to be brought to the well to purge and sample. Water supply wells at UST
facilities must be sampled for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and semivolatile
compounds (SVOCs).
1. Procedures for Sampling Water Supply Wells
• Label sample containers prior to sample collection.
• Prepare the storage and transport containers (ice chest, etc.;
before taking any samples so each collected sample can be
placed in a chilled environment immediately after
collection.
• You must choose the tap closest to the well, preferably at
the wellhead. The tap must be before any holding or
pressurization tank, water softener, ion exchange,
disinfection process or before the water line enters the
residence, office or building. If no tap fits the above
conditions, a new tap that does must be installed.
• The well pump must not be lubricated with oil, as that may
contaminate the samples.
• The sampling tap must be protected from exterior
contamination associated with being too close to a sink
bottom or to the ground. If the tap is too close to the
ground for direct collection into the appropriate container,
it is acceptable to use a smaller (clean) container to transfer
the sample to a larger container.
• Leaking taps that allow water to discharge from around the
valve stem handle and down the outside of the faucet, or
taps in which water tends to run up on the outside of the lip,
are to be avoided as sampling locations.
Rev 4-08 30

• Disconnect any hoses, filters, or aerators attached to the tap
before sampling.
• Do not sample from a tap close to a gas pump. The gas
fumes could contaminate the sample.
2. Collecting Volatile Organic Samples
• Equipment Needed: VOC sample vials [40 milliliters,
glass, may contain 3 to 4 drops of hydrochloric acid (HCl)
as preservative]; Disposable gloves and protective goggles;
Ice chest/cooler; Ice; Packing materials (sealable plastic
bags, bubble wrap, etc.); and Lab forms.
• Sampling Procedure: Run water from the well for at least
15 minutes. If the well is deep, run water longer (purging
three well volumes is best). If tap or spigot is located
directly before a holding tank, open a tap after the holding
tank to prevent any backflow into the tap where you will
take your sample. This will ensure that the water you
collect is "fresh" from the well and not ftom the holding
tank. After running the water for at least 15 minutes,
reduce the flow of water. The flow should be reduced to a
trickle but not so slow that it begins to drip. A smooth flow
of water will make collection easier and more accurate.
Remove the cap of a VOC vial and hold the vial under the
stream of water to fill it. Be careful not to spill any acid
that is in the vial. For best results use a low flow of water
and angle the vial slightly so that the water runs down the
inside of the vial. This will help keep the sample ftom
being agitated, aerated or splashed out of the vial. It will
also increase the accuracy of the sample. As the vial fills
and is almost full, turn the vial until it is straight up and
down so the water won't spill out. Fill the vial until the
water is just about to spill over the lip of the vial. The
surface of the water sample should become mounded. It is
a good idea not to overfill the vial, especially if an acid
preservative is present in the vial. Carefully replace and
screw the cap onto the vial. Some water may overflow as
the cap is put on. After the cap is secure, turn the vial
upside down and gently tap the vial to see if any bubbles
are present. If bubbles are present in the vial, remove the
cap, add more water and check again to see if bubbles are
present. Repeat as necessary. After two samples without
bubbles have been collected, the samples should be labeled
and prepared for shipment. Store samples at 4° C.
Rev 4-08 31

3. Collecting Extractable Organic and/or Metals Samples
• Equipment Needed: SVOC sample bottle [1 liter, amber
glass] and/or Metals sample bottle [0.5 liter, polyethylene
or glass, 5 milliliters of nitric acid (HNO3) preservative];
Disposable gloves and protective goggles; Ice
Chest/Cooler; Ice; Packing materials (sealable plastic bags,
bubble wrap, etc.); and Lab forms.
• Sampling Procedure: Run water from the well for at least
15 minutes. If the well is deep, run the water longer
(purging three well volumes is best). If tap or spigot is
located directly before a holding tank, open a tap after the
holding tank to prevent any backflow into the tap where
you will take your sample. This will ensure that the water
you collect is "fresh" from the well and not from the
holding tank. After running the water for at least 15
minutes, reduce the flow. Low water flow makes
collection easier and more accurate. Remove the cap of a
SVOC or metals bottle and hold it under the stream of
water to fill it. The bottle does not have to be completely
filled (i.e., you can leave an inch or so of headspace in the
bottle). After filling, screw on the cap, label the bottle and
prepare for shipment. Store samples at 4° C.
Rev 4-08 32

Appendix E - Collecting Surface Water Samples
The following topics include 1.) acceptable equipment selection and equipment construction
materials and 2.) standard grab, depth -specific and depth-composited surface water sampling
techniques.
Facilities which contain or border small rivers, streams or branches should include surface water
sampling as part of the monitoring program for each sampling event. A simple procedure for
selecting surface water monitoring sites is to locate a point on a stream where drainage leaves the
site. This provides detection of contamination through, and possibly downstream of, site via
discharge of surface waters. The sampling points selected should be downstream from any waste
areas. An upstream sample should be obtained in order to determine water quality upstream of
the influence of the site.
a.) General Cautions
1. When using watercraft take samples near the bow away and upwind from
any gasoline outboard engine. Orient watercraft so that bow is positioned
in the upstream direction.
2. When wading, collect samples upstream from the body. Avoid disturbing
sediments in the immediate area of sample collection.
3. Collect water samples prior to taking sediment samples when obtaining
both from the same area (site).
4. Unless dictated by permit, program or order, sampling at or near man-
made structures (e.g., dams, weirs or bridges) may not provide
representative data because of unnatural flow patterns.
5. Collect surface water samples from downstream towards upstream.
b.) Equipment and Supplies - Select equipment based on the analytes of interest, specific
use, and availability.
c.) Surface Water Sampling Techniques - Adhere to all general protocols applicable to
aqueous sampling when following the surface water sampling procedures addressed
below.
1. Manual Sampling: Use manual sampling for collecting grab samples for
immediate in -situ field analyses. Use manual sampling in lieu of
automatic equipment over extended periods of time for composite
sampling, especially when it is necessary to observe and/or note unusual
conditions.
• Surface Grab Samples - Do not use sample containers containing
premeasured amounts of preservatives to collect grab samples. If
the sample matrix is homogeneous, then the grab method is a
simple and effective technique for collection purposes. If
homogeneity is not apparent, based on flow or vertical variations
(and should never be assumed), then use other collection protocols.
Where practical, use the actual sample container submitted to the
laboratory for collecting samples to be analyzed for oil and grease,
volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and microbiological samples.
This procedure eliminates the possibility of contaminating the
sample with an intermediate collection container. The use of
Rev 4-08 33

unpreserved sample containers as direct grab samplers is
encouraged since the same container can be submitted for
laboratory analysis after appropriate preservation. This procedure
reduces sample handling and eliminates potential contamination
from other sources (e.g., additional sampling equipment,
environment, etc.).
1. Grab directly into sample container.
2. Slowly submerge the container, opening neck first, into the
water.
3. Invert the bottle so the neck is upright and pointing towards
the direction of water flow (if applicable). Allow water to
run slowly into the container until filled.
4. Return the filled container quickly to the surface.
5. Pour out a few mL of sample away from and downstream
of the sampling location. This procedure allows for the
addition of preservatives and sample expansion. Do not
use this step for volatile organics or other analytes where
headspace is not allowed in the sample container.
6. Add preservatives, securely cap container, label, and
complete field notes. If sample containers are attached to a
pole via a clamp, submerge the container and follow steps 3
— 5 but omit steps 1 and 2.
• Sampling with an Intermediate Vessel or Container: If the sample
cannot be collected directly into the sample container to be
submitted to the laboratory, or if the laboratory provides
prepreserved sample containers, use an unpreserved sample
container or an intermediate vessel (e.g., beakers, buckets or
dippers) to obtain the sample. These vessels must be constructed
appropriately, including any poles or extension arms used to access
the sample location.
1. Rinse the intermediate vessel with ample amounts of site
water prior to collecting the first sample.
2. Collect the sample as outlined above using the intermediate
vessel.
3. Use pole mounted containers of appropriate construction to
sample at distances away from shore, boat, etc. Follow the
protocols above to collect samples.
• Peristaltic Pump and Tubing: The most portable pump for this
technique is a 12 volt peristaltic pump. Use appropriately
precleaned, silastic tubing in the pump head and attach
polyethylene, Tygon, etc. tubing to the pump. This technique is
not acceptable for Oil and Grease, EPH, VPH or VOCs.
Extractable organics can be collected through the pump if flexible
interior -wall Teflon, polyethylene or PP tubing is used in the pump
head or if used with the organic trap setup.
Rev 4-08 34

1. Lower appropriately precleaned tubing to a depth of 6 — 12
inches below water surface, where possible.
2. Pump 3 — 5 tube volumes through the system to acclimate
the tubing before collecting the first sample.
3. Fill individual sample bottles via the discharge tubing. Be
careful not to remove the inlet tubing from the water.
4. Add preservatives, securely cap container, label, and
complete field notes.
Mid -Depth Grab Samples: Mid -depth samples or samples taken at
a specific depth can approximate the conditions throughout the
entire water column. The equipment that may be used for this type
of sampling consists of the following depth -specific sampling
devices: Kemmerer, Niskin, Van Dorn type, etc. You may also
use pumps with tubing or double check -valve bailers. Certain
construction material details may preclude its use for certain
analytes. Many Kemmerer samplers are constructed of plastic and
rubber that preclude their use for all volatile and extractable
organic sampling. Some newer devices are constructed of stainless
steel or are all Teflon or Teflon -coated. These are acceptable for
all analyte groups without restriction.
1. Measure the water column to determine maximum depth
and sampling depth prior to lowering the sampling device.
2. Mark the line attached to the sampler with depth
increments so that the sampling depth can be accurately
recorded.
3. Lower the sampler slowly to the appropriate sampling
depth, taking care not to disturb the sediments.
4. At the desired depth, send the messenger weight down to
trip the closure mechanism.
5. Retrieve the sampler slowly.
6. Rinse the sampling device with ample amounts of site
water prior to collecting the first sample. Discard rinsate
away from and downstream of the sampling location.
7. Fill the individual sample bottles via the discharge tube.
Double Check -Valve Bailers: Collect samples using double check -
valve bailers if the data requirements do not necessitate a sample
from a strictly discrete interval of the water column. Bailers with
an upper and lower check -valve can be lowered through the water
column. Water will continually be displaced through the bailer
until the desired depth is reached, at which point the bailer is
retrieved. Sampling with this type of bailer must follow the same
protocols outlined above, except that a messenger weight is not
applicable. Although not designed specifically for this kind of
sampling, a bailer is acceptable when a mid -depth sample is
required
Rev 4-08 35

1. As the bailer is dropped through the water column, water is
displaced through the body of the bailer. The degree of
displacement depends upon the check -valve ball movement
to allow water to flow freely through the bailer body.
2. Slowly lower the bailer to the appropriate depth. Upon
retrieval, the two check valves seat, preventing water from
escaping or entering the bailer.
3. Rinse the sampling device with ample amounts of site
water prior to collecting the first sample.
4. Fill the individual sample bottles via the discharge tube.
Sample bottles must be handled as described above.
Peristaltic Pump and Tubing: The most portable pump for this
technique is a 12 volt peristaltic pump. Use appropriately
precleaned, silastic tubing in the pump head and attach HDPE,
Tygon, etc. tubing to the pump. This technique is not acceptable
for Oil and Grease, EPH, VPH or VOCs. Extractable organics can
be collected through the pump if flexible interior -wall Teflon,
polyethylene or PP tubing is used in the pump head, or if used with
an organic trap setup.
1. Measure the water column to determine the maximum
depth and the sampling depth.
2. Tubing will need to be tied to a stiff pole or be weighted
down so the tubing placement will be secure. Do not use a
lead weight. Any dense, non -contaminating, non -
interfering material will work (brick, stainless steel weight,
etc.). Tie the weight with a lanyard (braided or
monofilament nylon, etc.) so that it is located below the
inlet of the tubing.
3. Turn the pump on and allow several tubing volumes of
water to be discharged before collecting the first sample.
4. Fill the individual sample bottles via the discharge tube.
Sample bottles must be handled as described above.
Rev 4-08 36

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