3402_HanesMill_WQMonitoringPlan_DIN28002_20170707

Water Quality
Monitoring Plan
Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Solid
Waste Expansion
Winston-Salem City/County Utilities
City of Winston-Salem, North Carolina
July 2017
This page intentionally left blank.
Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Contents
Contents
1 Background ............................................................................................................................3
2 Introduction.............................................................................................................................3
2.1 Geology and Hydrogeology .............................................................................................3
3 Water Quality Monitoring System...........................................................................................5
3.1 Sampling Locations..........................................................................................................5
3.2 Well Construction.............................................................................................................6
4 Monitoring Program................................................................................................................6
4.1 Summary..........................................................................................................................7
4.2 Data Collection.................................................................................................................7
4.3 Analytical Procedures......................................................................................................8
5 Quality Assurance / Quality Control......................................................................................10
5.1 Field Quality Control Samples .......................................................................................10
5.2 Laboratory Quality Control Samples..............................................................................11
5.3 Equipment Calibration and Maintenance.......................................................................11
5.4 Data Tracking and Management....................................................................................13
5.5 Data Verification and Reporting.....................................................................................13
6 References...........................................................................................................................14
Tables
Table 1 Monitoring Network Well Construction Details.................................................................6
Table 2 Summary of Monitoring Sample Locations and Functions...............................................8
Table 3 Updated MNA Monitoring Parameters and Methods .......................................................8
Table 4 Field Equipment Calibration Summary ..........................................................................12
Figures
Figure 1 – WQMP Overall Expansion Area
Figure 2 – WQMP Sampling Locations
Appendices
Appendix A – Boring Logs
i
Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Contents
This page intentionally left blank.
ii
Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Background
1 Background
The purpose of this Water Quality Monitoring Plan is to provide a program for the collection and
evaluation of groundwater, surface water and leachate samples of the Hanes Mill Road
Municipal Solid Waste Expansion Landfill (Landfill). The Landfill is located at the intersection of
US Highway 52, Hanes Mill Road, and Ziglar Road, and is owned and operated by the Winston-
Salem/Forsyth County Utility Commission (Commission) under North Carolina Permit No. 34-02.
The total site consists of two units (Unit 1 and Unit 2). Unit 1 is closed and includes an unlined
portion and a Subtitle D lined portion (aka the “piggyback”); see Figure 1. Unit 1 ceased
receiving waste in August 2005 and the Commission is now disposing of waste in the Expansion
(Unit 2). Only the Expansion Landfill is addressed in this Plan.
This Plan was prepared in general accordance with North Carolina Solid Waste Management
Rules (15A NCAC 13B, Sections .1630 through .1637). It is expected that the monitoring plan
will be adjusted periodically in order to address physical changes of the landfill, evaluate the
efficacy of monitoring, and accommodate changes in the groundwater.
2 Introduction
This program is intended to detect the release of monitored constituents to the uppermost
aquifer in a timely manner, so as to be protective of public health and the environment. This
program evaluates samples from groundwater wells installed in the uppermost aquifer, as well
as surface water, and leachate from the leachate collection system.
The Commission conducts routine detection groundwater monitoring (Appendix I constituent list,
per Rule 15A NCAC 13B .1633) for the Expansion Landfill; exceedances are compared with
North Carolina Quality Standards (15A NCAC 2L, .0202). Two surface water locations are used
to monitor the active facility offsite potential surface water conditions. A composite leachate
sample is also collected from the leachate holding tanks and analyzed.
2.1 Geology and Hydrogeology
The Landfill is located in the southern Piedmont physiographic province of North Carolina. The
physiography of the Piedmont is characterized by gentle to rough sloping terrain that becomes
increasingly sloped closer to the mountains and is dissected by a well-developed drainage
system. The topography is developed on deeply weathered, belted metamorphic and igneous
rocks that generally date from late Precambrian to Paleozoic Era.
2.1.1 Site Geology
According to the geologic map of the east half of the Winston-Salem Quadrangle, North
Carolina-Virginia, (Espenshade et. al., 1975), the geologic units identified at or adjacent to the
Landfill include the following: Cag-Ashe Formation, Caa-Ashe Formation, and Charlotte Belt
rocks.
Field checks of the local geology confirm that nearly all of the Landfill property is underlain by
typical Ashe Formation lithologies. The lithologic protoliths include turbidite facies (the bulk of
3
Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Introduction
the formation) and basalt flows (the amphibolite facies). The Ashe Formation is estimated to be
12 to 15 kilometers in thickness (Rankin, 1970).
According to the soil survey of Forsyth County, North Carolina, prepared by the United States
Department of Agriculture (USDA) Soil Conservation Service (SCS) (1976), the surficial soils at
the Landfill belong to the Pacolet-Cecil Association. These soils are characteristic of Piedmont
uplands where well-drained soils with a loamy surface layer and a clayey subsoil layer are found
predominantly on gently sloping to sloping land. The Landfill is dominated by three main soil
series which include the Hiwassee series, the Pacolet series, and the Madison series. A fourth
series (Chewacla series), found outside of the footprint of the proposed landfill unit(s), is present
along the floodplain of Grassy Creek.
2.1.2 Site Hydrogeology
Golder Associates NC, Inc. (Golder) currently implements the groundwater monitoring plan at
the Landfill. According to the most recent Second Semi-Annual 2016 Sampling Event Report
(January 2017), the uppermost groundwater beneath the facility is present in a shallow,
unconfined aquifer comprised of partially weathered, fractured, metamorphic intrusive rock.
Groundwater occurs at depths ranging from approximately 3 to 50 feet below grade. As
presented in the January 2017 Report, the groundwater flow in the uppermost aquifer beneath
the active landfill is semi-radial, flowing primarily east toward Grassy Creek, but also north and
south to tributaries of Grassy Creek. Groundwater flow directions are generally consistent with
historical gauging events (Golder, 2017).
The estimated rate of groundwater flow for the uppermost aquifer beneath the facility was
calculated for recent average hydraulic gradients to be approximately 0.043 foot/foot. The
hydraulic gradient calculations are consistent with values from previous reports (Golder, 2017).
Using the above values, the average estimated linear groundwater flow velocity under the active
landfill is approximately 126 feet/year (Golder, 2017). The range of groundwater flow is
expected to vary depending on the hydrogeologic unit in which it occurs. The linear velocity
equation above makes the simplified assumptions of a homogeneous and isotropic aquifer. This
equation represents a likely average value for the uppermost aquifer and does not account for
heterogeneous and/or anisotropic conditions that may be present in the uppermost aquifer at
the facility (Golder, 2017).
2.1.3 Surface Water
The main surface water drainage features of the MSW Expansion Landfill is the Grassy Creek
North Branch Creek (NBC) and Grassy Creek itself. Surface water drainage from the Landfill is
controlled through a series of ditches and sediment ponds.
The 100-year floodplain of Grassy Creek is located to the East of the MSW Expansion Landfill
at a topographic elevation between 800 and 805 feet msl.
4
Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Water Quality Monitoring System
3 Water Quality Monitoring System
Water quality at Unit 2 of the Landfill is currently being monitored in accordance with the
previously submitted 2010 Expansion Area Construction Permit Applications Water Quality
Monitoring Plan, approved between the City of Winston-Salem (City) and the NCDENR. This
updated WQMP will replace that Landfill wide monitoring plan upon its approval and will better
establish sampling and analysis specifically for the Solid Waste Expansion Landfill.
3.1 Sampling Locations
There are currently 12 groundwater sample locations, two surface water sample locations and
one leachate sampling location. They include the following:
3.1.1 Background Well
The background well, MW-1RR, is hydraulically "upgradient" of the units and is located near the
scalehouse (Figure 1). Historical and current water table elevation data indicates this well is
consistently in an upgradient position. As discussed in detail as part of the Design
Hydrogeologic Report, the uppermost aquifer at the Landfill is the saprolite derived from
weathering of Ashe Formation rocks. The background well is completed in this uppermost
aquifer, with a well screen that spans the water table, per NCDEQ.
3.1.2 Groundwater Monitoring Wells
The proposed groundwater monitoring network for the Solid Waste Expansion Landfill cells
includes background well MW-1RR, one upgradient compliance monitoring well MW-12, and a
total of ten side gradient or downgradient wells (MW-13, MW-14, MW-15, MW-16, MW-17, MW-
18, MW-19, MW-20, MW-21 and MW-22) (Figure 2).
3.1.3 Surface Water Monitoring Points
Two surface water sample locations (SW-1, and SW-2) were selected to monitor the quality of
surface water on the Landfill property. SW-1 and SW-2 are located along Grassy Creek.
Surface water samples representing background water quality along the northern side of the
Landfill will be sampled from the upstream end of Grassy Creek at SW-1. Likewise, a
downstream surface water sample, SW-2, will be collected south of the Norfolk-Southern
Railroad, crossing the Unit 1 portion of the creek. The location of these surface water sampling
locations can be seen on Figure 2.
3.1.4 Leachate Sampling Location
One leachate sample will be collected from the tanks. Leachate from both Units is combined in
this location before being released to the sewer line leading to the local treatment plant. The
leachate sample will be analyzed for BOD, COD, temperature, conductivity, phosphate, pH,
ammonia, Total Suspended Solids, sulfates, nitrates, mercury and Appendix I parameters.
Leachate samples will be collected for analysis to determine the concentration of constituents
released from the waste. This analysis can be compared to Groundwater samples to assist with
the source determination for detected constituents at those wells.
5
Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Monitoring Program
3.2 Well Construction
Wells were installed with a screened interval of Schedule 40 PVC well screen with a 0.01-inch
slotted opening. The construction of the groundwater monitoring wells is in general accordance
with the North Carolina Well Construction Standards. Table 1 presents groundwater monitor
well construction details. A schematic showing well-specific construction details for each well is
provided in Appendix A of this Plan.
Table 1 Monitoring Network Well Construction Details
Well Construction
Date
Well
Diameter
(in)
Top of
Casing Well
Depth
Screened
Interval
September 2016
Water Levels Geology of
Screened
Interval(FT
MSL)(FT BLS)Depth
TOC
FT
MSL
MW-
1RR 5/31/2001 2 896.82 60.0 45.0 -60.0 40.39 856.43 Bedrock
MW-12 7/22/2002 2 939.05 82.0 67.0 - 82.0 59.16 879.89 Bedrock
MW-13 7/24/2002 2 820.41 32.0 17.0 -32.0 22.08 798.33 Saprolite
MW-14 7/22/2002 2 814.53 29.0 14.0 - 29.0 20.56 793.97 Saprolite
MW-15 7/23/2002 2 803.32 22.0 5.0 -20.0 10.72 792.60 Saprolite
MW-16 7/22/2002 2 798.58 20.0 5.0 - 20.0 7.41 791.17 Saprolite
MW-17 7/23/2002 2 801.18 20.0 5.0 -20.0 5.66 795.52 Saprolite
MW-18 7/23/2002 2 808.5 19.0 4.0 - 19.0 8.61 799.91 Saprolite/PWR
MW-19 7/23/2002 2 811.35 20.0 5.0 -20.0 7.39 803.96 Saprolite
MW-20 1/12/2009 2 831.91 25.0 15.0 - 25.0 14.58 817.33 Saprolite
MW-21 1/20/2009 2 890.40 56.0 46.0 -56.0 43.67 846.73 PWR
MW-22 1/13/2009 2 815.70 28.0 18.0 - 28.0 15.50 800.20 Saprolite
4 Monitoring Program
The water quality monitoring program for MSW Expansion Landfill includes detection wells, two
surface water sampling locations and one leachate collection point. The monitoring plan has
been updated in accordance with the NCDEQ comments of February 21, 2017. The Plan
includes: sample frequency, sample collection, preservation shipment, analytical procedures,
chain of custody control, quality assurance and quality control. These components are designed
to ensure monitoring results that provide an accurate representation of water quality at the MSW
Expansion Landfill through effective detection monitoring.
6
Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Monitoring Program
4.1 Summary
Based on the extent of the property owned by the Commission, the rate at which groundwater
flows, and the stable nature of the groundwater impacts, data gathered from these locations will
adequately monitor the facility and track the status of groundwater movement. The physical
location of each sampling site is identified on Figure 2. Table 2 summarizes the location,
sampling type, parameters, and basic monitoring function for each of the sampling locations
included in this Plan.
4.2 Data Collection
A brief description of the sampling frequency, monitoring functions, and types of data that will be
collected and analyzed during the performance of this Plan is provided in this section.
4.2.1 Analytical Parameters and Frequency
The analytical parameters listed in Appendix I will be used for groundwater at the compliance
detection wells, surface water, and leachate samples associated with the MSW Expansion
Landfill. They will be sampled semiannually.
4.2.2 Groundwater Level Measurements
During each required water quality sampling event, static groundwater levels (and total well
depth) will be obtained from the proposed groundwater compliance monitoring wells
immediately prior to purging. An electronic water level meter capable of measuring differences
in water levels of 0.01 feet will be used to obtain these measurements.
All measurements will be obtained from a reference point at the top of each PVC well casing
which has an elevation established by a North Carolina registered land surveyor. The horizontal
position of each well will be established using North Carolina Plane Coordinates. These data will
be used to calculate the volume of standing water in each well and will provide information
concerning well integrity (e.g.: identify the presence of excessive siltation and casing breaches).
All measuring equipment will be decontaminated before use at each well as established by
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards.
7
Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Monitoring Program
Table 2 Summary of Monitoring Sample Locations and Functions
Sample ID
Sample Type
Parameters
Analyzed Monitoring Function
Appendix IGroundwaterSurface
Water Leachate Background
Data Detection
MW-1RR X X X
MW-12 X X X
MW-13 X X X
MW-14 X X X
MW-15 X X X
MW-16 X X X
MW-17 X X X
MW-18 X X X
MW-19 X X X
MW-20 X X X
MW-21 X X X
MW-22 X X X
SW-1 X X X
SW-2 X X X
Leachate Tank X X1
(1) Additional leachate parameters include BOD, COD, nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, TSS, ammonia and mercury.
4.3 Analytical Procedures
4.3.1 Test Parameters and Methods
Low-flow purging and sampling techniques are the preferred methodology for purging and
sampling monitoring wells. Dedicated pumps will be utilized where available, otherwise
decontaminated peristaltic or bladder pumps will be utilized. The pump will be positioned within
the screened interval and will be pumped at such a rate that minimal drawdown will occur in the
well. This rate is usually between 100 and 500 milliliters per minute (ml/min) for this site.
Table 3 Updated MNA Monitoring Parameters and Methods
Parameter Method or Equipment Used Monitoring
Frequency
Field Parameter Measurements
Temperature Water quality meter Semiannual
pH Water quality meter Semiannual
Specific Conductance Water quality meter Semiannual
Oxidation Reduction Potential
(ORP)
Water quality meter Semiannual
Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Downhole or flow through cell meter Semiannual
Turbidity turbidity meter Semiannual
Water Elevation Electronic Water Level Indicator Semiannual
Laboratory Analysis
Appendix I VOCs EPA Method 8260 Semiannual
Appendix I Metals EPA Method(s) 6010D/6020B/7470A Semiannual
Nitrate-N EPA 352.1/353.2/353.3 Semiannual
Sulfate EPA 375.4/375.2/300.0 Semiannual
8
Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Monitoring Program
Once drawdown has stabilized, a flow through cell will be connected to the water discharge
outlet to record field measurements (pH, temperature, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen
(DO), salinity, and oxidation reduction potential (ORP)) to determine when a representative
sample can be collected. These measurements will be obtained from a field-calibrated
instrument in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications and industry standards. The
meter will log the geochemical changes of the purge water and signal when they become
stabilized. Well purging efforts will continue until the following stabilized conditions occur: pH
±0.2 units, DO ±0.2 mg/l (or ± 20%, whichever is greater), specific conductance ±5%, ORP ±10
millivolts (please note measuring ORP is optional and is not required). At that time, the flow cell
will be disconnected allowing the water quality samples to be collected directly from the
discharge tube under low-flow conditions (<100 ml/min).
Field measured parameters include pH, specific conductivity, temperature, dissolved oxygen
(DO), and oxidation reduction potential (ORP) which serve as indicators of natural chemical
processes, as well as indicators of general water quality.
4.3.2 Sample Preservation and Shipment
All samples will be collected using the containers, preservatives, and holding times appropriate
for each respective parameter being analyzed. The proper chain of custody and sample blank
(trip blank and equipment blank) procedures will also be followed accordingly. In addition to
providing evidence of attenuation, data (groundwater elevation measurements) will be collected
to determine the direction and rate of any potential contaminant migration. All samples will be
analyzed for the targeted parameters by a laboratory certified by the State of North Carolina.
Surface water samples will be collected according to the “Environmental Investigations
Standard Operating Procedures and Quality Assurance Manual”, (May 1996, Sections 5 and
10). Samples will be collected directly into the sample containers facing upstream, at mid-depth,
at the center of the channel (except VOCs). Surface water samples for VOC analysis will be
collected using decontaminated glass lab containers and transferred to 40 ml vials leaving no
headspace. Care will be taken not to disturb the bottom sediment and not to displace the
preservative from a pre-preserved sample container. The area of the surface water samples will
be selected according to the location of the greatest degree of cross-sectional homogeneity. If
available, the surface water sample locations will be selected immediately downstream of riffle
areas to ensure good vertical mixing. Tributaries will be sampled as near to the mouth as
feasible. Temperature, pH, turbidity, and conductivity will be measured at each surface water
sample location. Surface water samples will only be collected if flowing water is noted at the
time of sampling (i.e. not stagnant water).
4.3.3 Groundwater Direction and Flow Measurements
Groundwater elevations will be calculated for each monitoring well using surveyed top-of-casing
elevations prepared by a North Carolina registered land surveyor. Calculated potentiometric
surface elevations for each sampling event will be placed on a scaled base map of the facility
beside each respective monitoring point and contoured to produce a water table potentiometric
surface map depicting potential groundwater flow direction(s) across the site.
9
Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Quality Assurance / Quality Control
In addition, the estimated groundwater flow velocity will be calculated for each water quality
sampling event. Using the static water table potentiometric data, effective porosities, hydraulic
conductivity determined from slug tests, and the calculated hydraulic gradients for the
respective sampling event, an estimated seepage (pore water) velocity will be calculated to
continue to assess the potential for the migration of the low concentrations of VOCs.
4.3.4 Reporting
The data from each semiannual sampling event will be evaluated and reported to the NCDEQ
along with the regular semiannual groundwater reports.
5 Quality Assurance / Quality Control
This information includes definitions and generic goals for data quality and required types and
quantities of QA/QC samples. The procedures address: field documentation; sample handling,
custody, and shipping; instrument calibration and maintenance; auditing; data reduction,
validation, and reporting; corrective action requirements; and QC reporting specific to the
analysis performed by the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality-approved
laboratory.
5.1 Field Quality Control Samples
These samples, also known as blanks, are not included specifically as laboratory QC samples
but are analyzed when submitted to provide quality control data, relative to the field sampling
and sample management procedures. Data for these QC samples are reported with associated
samples. Field QA/QC samples will be analyzed for the same constituents as groundwater
samples (Table 3).
5.1.1 Trip Blanks
Trip blanks are a clean sample of analyte-free water provided by the lab that is taken from the
laboratory to the sampling site and transported back to the laboratory without having been
exposed to sampling procedures; typically, analyzed only for volatile compounds. The purpose
is to assess contamination introduced during shipping and field handling procedures. One trip
blank will be included in each cooler containing volatiles per sampling day.
5.1.2 Field Blank
Field blanks are prepared in the field to evaluate the potential for contamination of a sample by
site contaminants from a source not associated with the sample collected (examples include:
dust or organic vapors). Analyte-free water provided by the lab will be brought to the field by the
sampling crew and transferred to the proper sample container for shipment along with the other
samples collected. One field blank sample will be collected per sampling event.
All field QC samples will be analyzed for the same constituents as groundwater samples (listed
in Table 3), unless otherwise noted.
10
Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Quality Assurance / Quality Control
5.2 Laboratory Quality Control Samples
Groundwater and field QC samples will be analyzed by a North Carolina certified laboratory.
Primarily, Environmental Conservation Laboratories (ENCO) and/or Pace Analytical (Pace) will
provide analytical services, possibly supported by one or more certified vendor laboratories. At a
minimum, laboratory quality control will include analysis of method blank samples and
laboratory control samples.
5.2.1 Method Blank
The method blank is used to evaluate laboratory contamination in the preparation and analytical
steps. The method blank is usually a sample of laboratory reagent water, processed through the
same analytical procedures as the sample (i.e., digested, extracted, and distilled). One method
blank is prepared and analyzed with each analytical batch and no more than 20 samples.
Method blanks are not applicable for pH or conductivity.
5.2.2 Laboratory Control Samples
The laboratory control samples (LCS) are used to evaluate the performance of the preparation
and analysis steps in the laboratory. The analyte recovery from each is used to monitor
analytical accuracy and precision. The LCS is evaluated against the laboratory-derived
acceptance criteria. Any compound outside these limits is deemed “out of control” and must be
qualified appropriately, or re-analyzed. The LCS consists of a standard matrix known to be free
of the analytes of interest, which is then spiked with known concentrations of the target
analytes.
5.3 Equipment Calibration and Maintenance
5.3.1 Field Equipment Calibration
Procedures and frequencies for calibration of field equipment and their associated quality
control objectives are found below in Table 4.
11
Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Quality Assurance / Quality Control
Table 4 Field Equipment Calibration Summary
Equipment Type Frequency of
Calibration
Check
Calibration
Standard
Precision(a)Accuracy
pH, Conductivity,
ORP, Dissolved
Oxygen and
Temperature
Meter (YSI or
equivalent
instrument)
Daily (Pre- field
activities)
pH - Commercially
prepared pH buffer
solutions (4.0, 7.0,
10.0 standard
units)
+/- 1 pH Standard
Unit
+/- 1 pH Standard
Unit
Specific
Conductivity -
Commercially
prepared
conductivity
standard (1,409
μmhos/cm)
+/- 1 μmhos/cm +/- 5% (standard)
ORP -
Commercially
prepared ORP
standard (220 mV)
NA NA
Dissolved
Oxygen -
Saturation (mg/L)
+/- 0.02 mg/L +/- 5%
Turbidity Meter
(Turbidometer or
equivalent
instrument)
Daily (Pre- field
activities)
10 NTU, 100 NTU,
1000 NTU
+/-1.0 NTU +/- 2% standard
Water Level Meter
(Heron Dipper T or
equivalent
instrument)
Factory calibrated,
does not require
field calibration
0.1-ft graduated
engineer’s tape
+/- 0.1 ft +/- 0.01 ft
1) (a) Precision units presented in applicable significant figures
2) All equipment will be calibrated per manufacturer's specifications
3) ft - foot
4) μmhos/cm - micromhos per centimeter
5) NTU - Nephelometric Turbidity Unit
6) °C - degrees Celsius
7) mV - millivolt
8) mg/L - milligrams per Liter
5.3.2 Laboratory Equipment Calibration
Written procedures are used for all instruments and equipment subject to calibration. Whenever
possible, recognized procedures, such as those published by ASTM International or USEPA, or
procedures provided by manufacturers, are adopted. If established procedures are not
available, a procedure is developed considering the type of equipment, stability characteristics
of the equipment, required accuracy, and the effect of operational error on the quantities
measured.
12
Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Quality Assurance / Quality Control
5.4 Data Tracking and Management
During field activities, field log books and field data sheets will be maintained by site personnel
and the field/sampling crew. The field log books and field data sheets document site activities,
sample locations, notes from sampling crew, equipment calibration data, and any pertinent
observations made during well development and sampling activities. It is the responsibility of the
Owner’s designee to ensure information/data is being properly documented.
5.5 Data Verification and Reporting
5.5.1 Data Verification
Data verification refers to the process of evaluating a data set for completeness – that data
requested from the laboratory has been received and complies with specified requirements. All
project decisions, conclusions, and recommendations will be based upon verified (and
validated) data. The purpose of data verification is to insure that all data used for subsequent
evaluations and calculations are scientifically valid, of known and documented quality, and
legally defensible.
5.5.2 Data Validation
Data validation describes an analyte and sample specific process of evaluating that a data set
meets method, procedure and contract requirements. Analytical results and qualifiers will be
assessed using professional judgment to determine the final quality and usability of the data.
ENCO and Pace perform this data validation process but the Owner’s designee much provide
an independent review as well.
Examples of data validation qualifiers include:
U The analyte was analyzed for, but was not detected to, the method detection limit, and
was not quantifiable to the reporting limit.
J The result is an estimated quantity. The associated numerical value is the approximate
concentration of the analyte in the sample.
J+ The result is an estimated quantity, but the result may be biased high
J- The result is an estimated quantity, but the result may be biased low.
UJ The analyte was not detected; however, the result is estimated due to discrepancies in
meeting certain analyte-specific quality control criteria.
R The data is unusable. The sample results are rejected due to serious deficiencies in
meeting QC criteria. The analyte may or may not be present in the sample.
13
Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan
References
6 References
Klingman, R., 2010, “Design Hydrogeological Report Proposed Lined Subtitle D Municipal Solid
Waste Landfill Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Phase 2 Expansion”, Buxton Environmental,
Inc., Charlotte, North Carolina
Charles C. Daniel, III and R.A. Payne, 1990, “Hydrogeologic unit map of the Piedmont and Blue
Ridge provinces of North Carolina”, USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 90-
4035
HDR Engineering, Inc. of the Carolinas, 2010 “Winston Salem Expansion Landfill Phase II
Construction Permit Application”, HDR Engineering Inc., Charlotte, North Carolina
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, May, 1996, “Environmental Investigations and Standard
Operating Procedures and Quality Assurance Manual”, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Region 4, Athens, Georgia
Golder Associates NC, Inc., 2017, “Water Quality Monitoring Report Second Semi-Annual 2016
Sampling Event”, Golder Associates NC, Inc., Greensboro, North Carolina
HDR Engineering, Inc. of the Carolinas, 2003 “AS-Built Certification Documentation for the
Hanes Landfill Cell 1 Expansion”, HDR Engineering Inc., Charlotte, North Carolina
Rankin, D.W., 1970, “The Blue Ridge and the Reading Prong: stratigraphy and structure of
Precambrian rocks in northwestern North Carolina”, Wiley-Interscience,
United States Department of Agriculture, 1976, “Soil Summary of Forsyth County”, Soil
Conservation Service, Washington, D.C.
The North Carolina Dept. of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Land
Resources, NC Geological Survey, in cooperation with the NC Center for Geographic
Information and Analysis, 1998, “Geology - North Carolina Map”, United States
Geological Service
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2013, “Groundwater Sampling Operating Procedure”,
SESDPROC-301-R3, Science and Ecosystem Support Division, Region 4, Athens,
Georgia
14
Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Appendix A – Boring Logs
Figures
Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Appendix A – Boring Logs
This page intentionally left blank.
Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Appendix A – Boring Logs
A
Appendix A – Boring Logs
Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan
Appendix A – Boring Logs
This page intentionally left blank.
Hanes Mill Road MSW Landfill
Groundwater and Surface Water Monitoring Wells
Compliance Well/Surface
Water Sampling
Type of Monitoring Associated Landfill Phase/Cell1
MW-1RR Corrective Action Inactive Lined Landfill/Active Landfill2
MW-6 Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill
MW-6D Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill
MW-7 Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill
MW-8 Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill
MW-9 Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill
MW-11 Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill
NBC-1 Detection Inactive Lined Landfill
NBC-2 Detection Inactive Lined Landfill
SW-3 Detection Inactive Lined Landfill
SW-4 Detection Inactive Lined Landfill
OW-3 Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill
OW-4 Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill
OW-6 Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill
OW-7DA Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill
OW-10D Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill
OW-11 Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill
OW-12 Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill
OW-13D Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill
OW-14D Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill
OW-17D Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill
MW-12 Detection Active Landfill
MW-13 Detection Active Landfill
MW-14 Detection Active Landfill
MW-15 Detection Active Landfill
MW-16 Detection Active Landfill
MW-17 Detection Active Landfill
MW-18 Detection Active Landfill
Hanes Mill Road MSW Landfill
Groundwater and Surface Water Monitoring Wells
Compliance Well/Surface
Water Sampling
Type of Monitoring Associated Landfill Phase/Cell1
MW-19 Detection Active Landfill
SW-5 Detection Active Landfill
SW-6 Detection Active Landfill
MW-20 Detection Active Landfill
MW-21 Detection Active Landfill
MW-22 Detection Active Landfill
SW-1 Detection Active Landfill
SW-2 Detection Active Landfill
1 The Active Landfill is associated with Permit 3402-MSWLF-1997; the Inactive Lined Landfill and Inactive Unlined
Landfill are associated with Permit 3402-MSWLF-1976.
2 MW-1RR is also background well for the Active Landfill.
Table 4
Hanes Mill Road MSW Landfill
Groundwater and Surface Water Monitoring
Compliance Well/Surface
Water Sampling Type of Monitoring Associated Landfill Phase/Cell1
MW-1RR Corrective Action Inactive Lined Landfill/Active Landfill2
MW-6 Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill
MW-6D Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill
MW-7 Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill
MW-8 Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill
MW-9 Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill
MW-11 Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill
NBC-1 Detection Inactive Lined Landfill
NBC-2 Detection Inactive Lined Landfill
SW-3 Detection Inactive Lined Landfill
SW-4 Detection Inactive Lined Landfill
OW-3 Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill
OW-4 Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill
OW-6 Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill
OW-7DA Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill
OW-10D Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill
OW-11 Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill
OW-12 Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill
OW-13D Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill
OW-14D Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill
OW-17D Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill
MW-12 Detection Active Landfill
MW-13 Detection Active Landfill
MW-14 Detection Active Landfill
MW-15 Detection Active Landfill
MW-16 Detection Active Landfill
MW-17 Detection Active Landfill
MW-18 Detection Active Landfill
MW-19 Detection Active Landfill
Hanes Mill Road MSW Landfill
Groundwater and Surface Water Monitoring
Compliance Well/Surface
Water Sampling Type of Monitoring Associated Landfill Phase/Cell
SW-5 Detection Active Landfill
SW-6 Detection Active Landfill
MW-20 Detection Active Landfill
MW-21 Detection Active Landfill
MW-22 Detection Active Landfill
SW-1 Detection Active Landfill
SW-2 Detection Active Landfill
1 The Active Landfill is associated with Permit 3402-MSWLF-1997; the Inactive Lined Landfill and
Inactive Unlined Landfill are associated with Permit 3402-MSWLF-1976.
2 MW-1RR is also background well for the Active Landfill.
This page intentionally left blank.
HDR Engineering, Inc. of the Carolinas
440 S Church Street, Suite 1000
Charlotte, NC 28202-2075
704.338.6700
NC License F-0116
hdrinc.com
© 2017 HDR, Inc., all rights reserved