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3402_HanesMill_WQMonitoringPlan_DIN28002_20170707
Water Quality Monitoring Plan Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Solid Waste Expansion Winston-Salem City/County Utilities City of Winston-Salem, North Carolina July 2017 This page intentionally left blank. Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan Contents Contents 1 Background ............................................................................................................................3 2 Introduction.............................................................................................................................3 2.1 Geology and Hydrogeology .............................................................................................3 3 Water Quality Monitoring System...........................................................................................5 3.1 Sampling Locations..........................................................................................................5 3.2 Well Construction.............................................................................................................6 4 Monitoring Program................................................................................................................6 4.1 Summary..........................................................................................................................7 4.2 Data Collection.................................................................................................................7 4.3 Analytical Procedures......................................................................................................8 5 Quality Assurance / Quality Control......................................................................................10 5.1 Field Quality Control Samples .......................................................................................10 5.2 Laboratory Quality Control Samples..............................................................................11 5.3 Equipment Calibration and Maintenance.......................................................................11 5.4 Data Tracking and Management....................................................................................13 5.5 Data Verification and Reporting.....................................................................................13 6 References...........................................................................................................................14 Tables Table 1 Monitoring Network Well Construction Details.................................................................6 Table 2 Summary of Monitoring Sample Locations and Functions...............................................8 Table 3 Updated MNA Monitoring Parameters and Methods .......................................................8 Table 4 Field Equipment Calibration Summary ..........................................................................12 Figures Figure 1 – WQMP Overall Expansion Area Figure 2 – WQMP Sampling Locations Appendices Appendix A – Boring Logs i Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan Contents This page intentionally left blank. ii Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan Background 1 Background The purpose of this Water Quality Monitoring Plan is to provide a program for the collection and evaluation of groundwater, surface water and leachate samples of the Hanes Mill Road Municipal Solid Waste Expansion Landfill (Landfill). The Landfill is located at the intersection of US Highway 52, Hanes Mill Road, and Ziglar Road, and is owned and operated by the Winston- Salem/Forsyth County Utility Commission (Commission) under North Carolina Permit No. 34-02. The total site consists of two units (Unit 1 and Unit 2). Unit 1 is closed and includes an unlined portion and a Subtitle D lined portion (aka the “piggyback”); see Figure 1. Unit 1 ceased receiving waste in August 2005 and the Commission is now disposing of waste in the Expansion (Unit 2). Only the Expansion Landfill is addressed in this Plan. This Plan was prepared in general accordance with North Carolina Solid Waste Management Rules (15A NCAC 13B, Sections .1630 through .1637). It is expected that the monitoring plan will be adjusted periodically in order to address physical changes of the landfill, evaluate the efficacy of monitoring, and accommodate changes in the groundwater. 2 Introduction This program is intended to detect the release of monitored constituents to the uppermost aquifer in a timely manner, so as to be protective of public health and the environment. This program evaluates samples from groundwater wells installed in the uppermost aquifer, as well as surface water, and leachate from the leachate collection system. The Commission conducts routine detection groundwater monitoring (Appendix I constituent list, per Rule 15A NCAC 13B .1633) for the Expansion Landfill; exceedances are compared with North Carolina Quality Standards (15A NCAC 2L, .0202). Two surface water locations are used to monitor the active facility offsite potential surface water conditions. A composite leachate sample is also collected from the leachate holding tanks and analyzed. 2.1 Geology and Hydrogeology The Landfill is located in the southern Piedmont physiographic province of North Carolina. The physiography of the Piedmont is characterized by gentle to rough sloping terrain that becomes increasingly sloped closer to the mountains and is dissected by a well-developed drainage system. The topography is developed on deeply weathered, belted metamorphic and igneous rocks that generally date from late Precambrian to Paleozoic Era. 2.1.1 Site Geology According to the geologic map of the east half of the Winston-Salem Quadrangle, North Carolina-Virginia, (Espenshade et. al., 1975), the geologic units identified at or adjacent to the Landfill include the following: Cag-Ashe Formation, Caa-Ashe Formation, and Charlotte Belt rocks. Field checks of the local geology confirm that nearly all of the Landfill property is underlain by typical Ashe Formation lithologies. The lithologic protoliths include turbidite facies (the bulk of 3 Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan Introduction the formation) and basalt flows (the amphibolite facies). The Ashe Formation is estimated to be 12 to 15 kilometers in thickness (Rankin, 1970). According to the soil survey of Forsyth County, North Carolina, prepared by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Soil Conservation Service (SCS) (1976), the surficial soils at the Landfill belong to the Pacolet-Cecil Association. These soils are characteristic of Piedmont uplands where well-drained soils with a loamy surface layer and a clayey subsoil layer are found predominantly on gently sloping to sloping land. The Landfill is dominated by three main soil series which include the Hiwassee series, the Pacolet series, and the Madison series. A fourth series (Chewacla series), found outside of the footprint of the proposed landfill unit(s), is present along the floodplain of Grassy Creek. 2.1.2 Site Hydrogeology Golder Associates NC, Inc. (Golder) currently implements the groundwater monitoring plan at the Landfill. According to the most recent Second Semi-Annual 2016 Sampling Event Report (January 2017), the uppermost groundwater beneath the facility is present in a shallow, unconfined aquifer comprised of partially weathered, fractured, metamorphic intrusive rock. Groundwater occurs at depths ranging from approximately 3 to 50 feet below grade. As presented in the January 2017 Report, the groundwater flow in the uppermost aquifer beneath the active landfill is semi-radial, flowing primarily east toward Grassy Creek, but also north and south to tributaries of Grassy Creek. Groundwater flow directions are generally consistent with historical gauging events (Golder, 2017). The estimated rate of groundwater flow for the uppermost aquifer beneath the facility was calculated for recent average hydraulic gradients to be approximately 0.043 foot/foot. The hydraulic gradient calculations are consistent with values from previous reports (Golder, 2017). Using the above values, the average estimated linear groundwater flow velocity under the active landfill is approximately 126 feet/year (Golder, 2017). The range of groundwater flow is expected to vary depending on the hydrogeologic unit in which it occurs. The linear velocity equation above makes the simplified assumptions of a homogeneous and isotropic aquifer. This equation represents a likely average value for the uppermost aquifer and does not account for heterogeneous and/or anisotropic conditions that may be present in the uppermost aquifer at the facility (Golder, 2017). 2.1.3 Surface Water The main surface water drainage features of the MSW Expansion Landfill is the Grassy Creek North Branch Creek (NBC) and Grassy Creek itself. Surface water drainage from the Landfill is controlled through a series of ditches and sediment ponds. The 100-year floodplain of Grassy Creek is located to the East of the MSW Expansion Landfill at a topographic elevation between 800 and 805 feet msl. 4 Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan Water Quality Monitoring System 3 Water Quality Monitoring System Water quality at Unit 2 of the Landfill is currently being monitored in accordance with the previously submitted 2010 Expansion Area Construction Permit Applications Water Quality Monitoring Plan, approved between the City of Winston-Salem (City) and the NCDENR. This updated WQMP will replace that Landfill wide monitoring plan upon its approval and will better establish sampling and analysis specifically for the Solid Waste Expansion Landfill. 3.1 Sampling Locations There are currently 12 groundwater sample locations, two surface water sample locations and one leachate sampling location. They include the following: 3.1.1 Background Well The background well, MW-1RR, is hydraulically "upgradient" of the units and is located near the scalehouse (Figure 1). Historical and current water table elevation data indicates this well is consistently in an upgradient position. As discussed in detail as part of the Design Hydrogeologic Report, the uppermost aquifer at the Landfill is the saprolite derived from weathering of Ashe Formation rocks. The background well is completed in this uppermost aquifer, with a well screen that spans the water table, per NCDEQ. 3.1.2 Groundwater Monitoring Wells The proposed groundwater monitoring network for the Solid Waste Expansion Landfill cells includes background well MW-1RR, one upgradient compliance monitoring well MW-12, and a total of ten side gradient or downgradient wells (MW-13, MW-14, MW-15, MW-16, MW-17, MW- 18, MW-19, MW-20, MW-21 and MW-22) (Figure 2). 3.1.3 Surface Water Monitoring Points Two surface water sample locations (SW-1, and SW-2) were selected to monitor the quality of surface water on the Landfill property. SW-1 and SW-2 are located along Grassy Creek. Surface water samples representing background water quality along the northern side of the Landfill will be sampled from the upstream end of Grassy Creek at SW-1. Likewise, a downstream surface water sample, SW-2, will be collected south of the Norfolk-Southern Railroad, crossing the Unit 1 portion of the creek. The location of these surface water sampling locations can be seen on Figure 2. 3.1.4 Leachate Sampling Location One leachate sample will be collected from the tanks. Leachate from both Units is combined in this location before being released to the sewer line leading to the local treatment plant. The leachate sample will be analyzed for BOD, COD, temperature, conductivity, phosphate, pH, ammonia, Total Suspended Solids, sulfates, nitrates, mercury and Appendix I parameters. Leachate samples will be collected for analysis to determine the concentration of constituents released from the waste. This analysis can be compared to Groundwater samples to assist with the source determination for detected constituents at those wells. 5 Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan Monitoring Program 3.2 Well Construction Wells were installed with a screened interval of Schedule 40 PVC well screen with a 0.01-inch slotted opening. The construction of the groundwater monitoring wells is in general accordance with the North Carolina Well Construction Standards. Table 1 presents groundwater monitor well construction details. A schematic showing well-specific construction details for each well is provided in Appendix A of this Plan. Table 1 Monitoring Network Well Construction Details Well Construction Date Well Diameter (in) Top of Casing Well Depth Screened Interval September 2016 Water Levels Geology of Screened Interval(FT MSL)(FT BLS)Depth TOC FT MSL MW- 1RR 5/31/2001 2 896.82 60.0 45.0 -60.0 40.39 856.43 Bedrock MW-12 7/22/2002 2 939.05 82.0 67.0 - 82.0 59.16 879.89 Bedrock MW-13 7/24/2002 2 820.41 32.0 17.0 -32.0 22.08 798.33 Saprolite MW-14 7/22/2002 2 814.53 29.0 14.0 - 29.0 20.56 793.97 Saprolite MW-15 7/23/2002 2 803.32 22.0 5.0 -20.0 10.72 792.60 Saprolite MW-16 7/22/2002 2 798.58 20.0 5.0 - 20.0 7.41 791.17 Saprolite MW-17 7/23/2002 2 801.18 20.0 5.0 -20.0 5.66 795.52 Saprolite MW-18 7/23/2002 2 808.5 19.0 4.0 - 19.0 8.61 799.91 Saprolite/PWR MW-19 7/23/2002 2 811.35 20.0 5.0 -20.0 7.39 803.96 Saprolite MW-20 1/12/2009 2 831.91 25.0 15.0 - 25.0 14.58 817.33 Saprolite MW-21 1/20/2009 2 890.40 56.0 46.0 -56.0 43.67 846.73 PWR MW-22 1/13/2009 2 815.70 28.0 18.0 - 28.0 15.50 800.20 Saprolite 4 Monitoring Program The water quality monitoring program for MSW Expansion Landfill includes detection wells, two surface water sampling locations and one leachate collection point. The monitoring plan has been updated in accordance with the NCDEQ comments of February 21, 2017. The Plan includes: sample frequency, sample collection, preservation shipment, analytical procedures, chain of custody control, quality assurance and quality control. These components are designed to ensure monitoring results that provide an accurate representation of water quality at the MSW Expansion Landfill through effective detection monitoring. 6 Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan Monitoring Program 4.1 Summary Based on the extent of the property owned by the Commission, the rate at which groundwater flows, and the stable nature of the groundwater impacts, data gathered from these locations will adequately monitor the facility and track the status of groundwater movement. The physical location of each sampling site is identified on Figure 2. Table 2 summarizes the location, sampling type, parameters, and basic monitoring function for each of the sampling locations included in this Plan. 4.2 Data Collection A brief description of the sampling frequency, monitoring functions, and types of data that will be collected and analyzed during the performance of this Plan is provided in this section. 4.2.1 Analytical Parameters and Frequency The analytical parameters listed in Appendix I will be used for groundwater at the compliance detection wells, surface water, and leachate samples associated with the MSW Expansion Landfill. They will be sampled semiannually. 4.2.2 Groundwater Level Measurements During each required water quality sampling event, static groundwater levels (and total well depth) will be obtained from the proposed groundwater compliance monitoring wells immediately prior to purging. An electronic water level meter capable of measuring differences in water levels of 0.01 feet will be used to obtain these measurements. All measurements will be obtained from a reference point at the top of each PVC well casing which has an elevation established by a North Carolina registered land surveyor. The horizontal position of each well will be established using North Carolina Plane Coordinates. These data will be used to calculate the volume of standing water in each well and will provide information concerning well integrity (e.g.: identify the presence of excessive siltation and casing breaches). All measuring equipment will be decontaminated before use at each well as established by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards. 7 Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan Monitoring Program Table 2 Summary of Monitoring Sample Locations and Functions Sample ID Sample Type Parameters Analyzed Monitoring Function Appendix IGroundwaterSurface Water Leachate Background Data Detection MW-1RR X X X MW-12 X X X MW-13 X X X MW-14 X X X MW-15 X X X MW-16 X X X MW-17 X X X MW-18 X X X MW-19 X X X MW-20 X X X MW-21 X X X MW-22 X X X SW-1 X X X SW-2 X X X Leachate Tank X X1 (1) Additional leachate parameters include BOD, COD, nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, TSS, ammonia and mercury. 4.3 Analytical Procedures 4.3.1 Test Parameters and Methods Low-flow purging and sampling techniques are the preferred methodology for purging and sampling monitoring wells. Dedicated pumps will be utilized where available, otherwise decontaminated peristaltic or bladder pumps will be utilized. The pump will be positioned within the screened interval and will be pumped at such a rate that minimal drawdown will occur in the well. This rate is usually between 100 and 500 milliliters per minute (ml/min) for this site. Table 3 Updated MNA Monitoring Parameters and Methods Parameter Method or Equipment Used Monitoring Frequency Field Parameter Measurements Temperature Water quality meter Semiannual pH Water quality meter Semiannual Specific Conductance Water quality meter Semiannual Oxidation Reduction Potential (ORP) Water quality meter Semiannual Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Downhole or flow through cell meter Semiannual Turbidity turbidity meter Semiannual Water Elevation Electronic Water Level Indicator Semiannual Laboratory Analysis Appendix I VOCs EPA Method 8260 Semiannual Appendix I Metals EPA Method(s) 6010D/6020B/7470A Semiannual Nitrate-N EPA 352.1/353.2/353.3 Semiannual Sulfate EPA 375.4/375.2/300.0 Semiannual 8 Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan Monitoring Program Once drawdown has stabilized, a flow through cell will be connected to the water discharge outlet to record field measurements (pH, temperature, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen (DO), salinity, and oxidation reduction potential (ORP)) to determine when a representative sample can be collected. These measurements will be obtained from a field-calibrated instrument in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications and industry standards. The meter will log the geochemical changes of the purge water and signal when they become stabilized. Well purging efforts will continue until the following stabilized conditions occur: pH ±0.2 units, DO ±0.2 mg/l (or ± 20%, whichever is greater), specific conductance ±5%, ORP ±10 millivolts (please note measuring ORP is optional and is not required). At that time, the flow cell will be disconnected allowing the water quality samples to be collected directly from the discharge tube under low-flow conditions (<100 ml/min). Field measured parameters include pH, specific conductivity, temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), and oxidation reduction potential (ORP) which serve as indicators of natural chemical processes, as well as indicators of general water quality. 4.3.2 Sample Preservation and Shipment All samples will be collected using the containers, preservatives, and holding times appropriate for each respective parameter being analyzed. The proper chain of custody and sample blank (trip blank and equipment blank) procedures will also be followed accordingly. In addition to providing evidence of attenuation, data (groundwater elevation measurements) will be collected to determine the direction and rate of any potential contaminant migration. All samples will be analyzed for the targeted parameters by a laboratory certified by the State of North Carolina. Surface water samples will be collected according to the “Environmental Investigations Standard Operating Procedures and Quality Assurance Manual”, (May 1996, Sections 5 and 10). Samples will be collected directly into the sample containers facing upstream, at mid-depth, at the center of the channel (except VOCs). Surface water samples for VOC analysis will be collected using decontaminated glass lab containers and transferred to 40 ml vials leaving no headspace. Care will be taken not to disturb the bottom sediment and not to displace the preservative from a pre-preserved sample container. The area of the surface water samples will be selected according to the location of the greatest degree of cross-sectional homogeneity. If available, the surface water sample locations will be selected immediately downstream of riffle areas to ensure good vertical mixing. Tributaries will be sampled as near to the mouth as feasible. Temperature, pH, turbidity, and conductivity will be measured at each surface water sample location. Surface water samples will only be collected if flowing water is noted at the time of sampling (i.e. not stagnant water). 4.3.3 Groundwater Direction and Flow Measurements Groundwater elevations will be calculated for each monitoring well using surveyed top-of-casing elevations prepared by a North Carolina registered land surveyor. Calculated potentiometric surface elevations for each sampling event will be placed on a scaled base map of the facility beside each respective monitoring point and contoured to produce a water table potentiometric surface map depicting potential groundwater flow direction(s) across the site. 9 Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan Quality Assurance / Quality Control In addition, the estimated groundwater flow velocity will be calculated for each water quality sampling event. Using the static water table potentiometric data, effective porosities, hydraulic conductivity determined from slug tests, and the calculated hydraulic gradients for the respective sampling event, an estimated seepage (pore water) velocity will be calculated to continue to assess the potential for the migration of the low concentrations of VOCs. 4.3.4 Reporting The data from each semiannual sampling event will be evaluated and reported to the NCDEQ along with the regular semiannual groundwater reports. 5 Quality Assurance / Quality Control This information includes definitions and generic goals for data quality and required types and quantities of QA/QC samples. The procedures address: field documentation; sample handling, custody, and shipping; instrument calibration and maintenance; auditing; data reduction, validation, and reporting; corrective action requirements; and QC reporting specific to the analysis performed by the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality-approved laboratory. 5.1 Field Quality Control Samples These samples, also known as blanks, are not included specifically as laboratory QC samples but are analyzed when submitted to provide quality control data, relative to the field sampling and sample management procedures. Data for these QC samples are reported with associated samples. Field QA/QC samples will be analyzed for the same constituents as groundwater samples (Table 3). 5.1.1 Trip Blanks Trip blanks are a clean sample of analyte-free water provided by the lab that is taken from the laboratory to the sampling site and transported back to the laboratory without having been exposed to sampling procedures; typically, analyzed only for volatile compounds. The purpose is to assess contamination introduced during shipping and field handling procedures. One trip blank will be included in each cooler containing volatiles per sampling day. 5.1.2 Field Blank Field blanks are prepared in the field to evaluate the potential for contamination of a sample by site contaminants from a source not associated with the sample collected (examples include: dust or organic vapors). Analyte-free water provided by the lab will be brought to the field by the sampling crew and transferred to the proper sample container for shipment along with the other samples collected. One field blank sample will be collected per sampling event. All field QC samples will be analyzed for the same constituents as groundwater samples (listed in Table 3), unless otherwise noted. 10 Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan Quality Assurance / Quality Control 5.2 Laboratory Quality Control Samples Groundwater and field QC samples will be analyzed by a North Carolina certified laboratory. Primarily, Environmental Conservation Laboratories (ENCO) and/or Pace Analytical (Pace) will provide analytical services, possibly supported by one or more certified vendor laboratories. At a minimum, laboratory quality control will include analysis of method blank samples and laboratory control samples. 5.2.1 Method Blank The method blank is used to evaluate laboratory contamination in the preparation and analytical steps. The method blank is usually a sample of laboratory reagent water, processed through the same analytical procedures as the sample (i.e., digested, extracted, and distilled). One method blank is prepared and analyzed with each analytical batch and no more than 20 samples. Method blanks are not applicable for pH or conductivity. 5.2.2 Laboratory Control Samples The laboratory control samples (LCS) are used to evaluate the performance of the preparation and analysis steps in the laboratory. The analyte recovery from each is used to monitor analytical accuracy and precision. The LCS is evaluated against the laboratory-derived acceptance criteria. Any compound outside these limits is deemed “out of control” and must be qualified appropriately, or re-analyzed. The LCS consists of a standard matrix known to be free of the analytes of interest, which is then spiked with known concentrations of the target analytes. 5.3 Equipment Calibration and Maintenance 5.3.1 Field Equipment Calibration Procedures and frequencies for calibration of field equipment and their associated quality control objectives are found below in Table 4. 11 Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan Quality Assurance / Quality Control Table 4 Field Equipment Calibration Summary Equipment Type Frequency of Calibration Check Calibration Standard Precision(a)Accuracy pH, Conductivity, ORP, Dissolved Oxygen and Temperature Meter (YSI or equivalent instrument) Daily (Pre- field activities) pH - Commercially prepared pH buffer solutions (4.0, 7.0, 10.0 standard units) +/- 1 pH Standard Unit +/- 1 pH Standard Unit Specific Conductivity - Commercially prepared conductivity standard (1,409 μmhos/cm) +/- 1 μmhos/cm +/- 5% (standard) ORP - Commercially prepared ORP standard (220 mV) NA NA Dissolved Oxygen - Saturation (mg/L) +/- 0.02 mg/L +/- 5% Turbidity Meter (Turbidometer or equivalent instrument) Daily (Pre- field activities) 10 NTU, 100 NTU, 1000 NTU +/-1.0 NTU +/- 2% standard Water Level Meter (Heron Dipper T or equivalent instrument) Factory calibrated, does not require field calibration 0.1-ft graduated engineer’s tape +/- 0.1 ft +/- 0.01 ft 1) (a) Precision units presented in applicable significant figures 2) All equipment will be calibrated per manufacturer's specifications 3) ft - foot 4) μmhos/cm - micromhos per centimeter 5) NTU - Nephelometric Turbidity Unit 6) °C - degrees Celsius 7) mV - millivolt 8) mg/L - milligrams per Liter 5.3.2 Laboratory Equipment Calibration Written procedures are used for all instruments and equipment subject to calibration. Whenever possible, recognized procedures, such as those published by ASTM International or USEPA, or procedures provided by manufacturers, are adopted. If established procedures are not available, a procedure is developed considering the type of equipment, stability characteristics of the equipment, required accuracy, and the effect of operational error on the quantities measured. 12 Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan Quality Assurance / Quality Control 5.4 Data Tracking and Management During field activities, field log books and field data sheets will be maintained by site personnel and the field/sampling crew. The field log books and field data sheets document site activities, sample locations, notes from sampling crew, equipment calibration data, and any pertinent observations made during well development and sampling activities. It is the responsibility of the Owner’s designee to ensure information/data is being properly documented. 5.5 Data Verification and Reporting 5.5.1 Data Verification Data verification refers to the process of evaluating a data set for completeness – that data requested from the laboratory has been received and complies with specified requirements. All project decisions, conclusions, and recommendations will be based upon verified (and validated) data. The purpose of data verification is to insure that all data used for subsequent evaluations and calculations are scientifically valid, of known and documented quality, and legally defensible. 5.5.2 Data Validation Data validation describes an analyte and sample specific process of evaluating that a data set meets method, procedure and contract requirements. Analytical results and qualifiers will be assessed using professional judgment to determine the final quality and usability of the data. ENCO and Pace perform this data validation process but the Owner’s designee much provide an independent review as well. Examples of data validation qualifiers include: U The analyte was analyzed for, but was not detected to, the method detection limit, and was not quantifiable to the reporting limit. J The result is an estimated quantity. The associated numerical value is the approximate concentration of the analyte in the sample. J+ The result is an estimated quantity, but the result may be biased high J- The result is an estimated quantity, but the result may be biased low. UJ The analyte was not detected; however, the result is estimated due to discrepancies in meeting certain analyte-specific quality control criteria. R The data is unusable. The sample results are rejected due to serious deficiencies in meeting QC criteria. The analyte may or may not be present in the sample. 13 Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan References 6 References Klingman, R., 2010, “Design Hydrogeological Report Proposed Lined Subtitle D Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Phase 2 Expansion”, Buxton Environmental, Inc., Charlotte, North Carolina Charles C. Daniel, III and R.A. Payne, 1990, “Hydrogeologic unit map of the Piedmont and Blue Ridge provinces of North Carolina”, USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 90- 4035 HDR Engineering, Inc. of the Carolinas, 2010 “Winston Salem Expansion Landfill Phase II Construction Permit Application”, HDR Engineering Inc., Charlotte, North Carolina U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, May, 1996, “Environmental Investigations and Standard Operating Procedures and Quality Assurance Manual”, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 4, Athens, Georgia Golder Associates NC, Inc., 2017, “Water Quality Monitoring Report Second Semi-Annual 2016 Sampling Event”, Golder Associates NC, Inc., Greensboro, North Carolina HDR Engineering, Inc. of the Carolinas, 2003 “AS-Built Certification Documentation for the Hanes Landfill Cell 1 Expansion”, HDR Engineering Inc., Charlotte, North Carolina Rankin, D.W., 1970, “The Blue Ridge and the Reading Prong: stratigraphy and structure of Precambrian rocks in northwestern North Carolina”, Wiley-Interscience, United States Department of Agriculture, 1976, “Soil Summary of Forsyth County”, Soil Conservation Service, Washington, D.C. The North Carolina Dept. of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Land Resources, NC Geological Survey, in cooperation with the NC Center for Geographic Information and Analysis, 1998, “Geology - North Carolina Map”, United States Geological Service U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2013, “Groundwater Sampling Operating Procedure”, SESDPROC-301-R3, Science and Ecosystem Support Division, Region 4, Athens, Georgia 14 Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan Appendix A – Boring Logs Figures Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan Appendix A – Boring Logs This page intentionally left blank. Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan Appendix A – Boring Logs A Appendix A – Boring Logs Winston-Salem City/County Utilities Commission | Hanes Mill Road Landfill – Water Quality Monitoring Plan Appendix A – Boring Logs This page intentionally left blank. Hanes Mill Road MSW Landfill Groundwater and Surface Water Monitoring Wells Compliance Well/Surface Water Sampling Type of Monitoring Associated Landfill Phase/Cell1 MW-1RR Corrective Action Inactive Lined Landfill/Active Landfill2 MW-6 Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill MW-6D Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill MW-7 Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill MW-8 Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill MW-9 Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill MW-11 Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill NBC-1 Detection Inactive Lined Landfill NBC-2 Detection Inactive Lined Landfill SW-3 Detection Inactive Lined Landfill SW-4 Detection Inactive Lined Landfill OW-3 Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill OW-4 Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill OW-6 Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill OW-7DA Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill OW-10D Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill OW-11 Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill OW-12 Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill OW-13D Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill OW-14D Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill OW-17D Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill MW-12 Detection Active Landfill MW-13 Detection Active Landfill MW-14 Detection Active Landfill MW-15 Detection Active Landfill MW-16 Detection Active Landfill MW-17 Detection Active Landfill MW-18 Detection Active Landfill Hanes Mill Road MSW Landfill Groundwater and Surface Water Monitoring Wells Compliance Well/Surface Water Sampling Type of Monitoring Associated Landfill Phase/Cell1 MW-19 Detection Active Landfill SW-5 Detection Active Landfill SW-6 Detection Active Landfill MW-20 Detection Active Landfill MW-21 Detection Active Landfill MW-22 Detection Active Landfill SW-1 Detection Active Landfill SW-2 Detection Active Landfill 1 The Active Landfill is associated with Permit 3402-MSWLF-1997; the Inactive Lined Landfill and Inactive Unlined Landfill are associated with Permit 3402-MSWLF-1976. 2 MW-1RR is also background well for the Active Landfill. Table 4 Hanes Mill Road MSW Landfill Groundwater and Surface Water Monitoring Compliance Well/Surface Water Sampling Type of Monitoring Associated Landfill Phase/Cell1 MW-1RR Corrective Action Inactive Lined Landfill/Active Landfill2 MW-6 Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill MW-6D Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill MW-7 Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill MW-8 Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill MW-9 Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill MW-11 Assessment Inactive Lined Landfill NBC-1 Detection Inactive Lined Landfill NBC-2 Detection Inactive Lined Landfill SW-3 Detection Inactive Lined Landfill SW-4 Detection Inactive Lined Landfill OW-3 Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill OW-4 Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill OW-6 Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill OW-7DA Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill OW-10D Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill OW-11 Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill OW-12 Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill OW-13D Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill OW-14D Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill OW-17D Corrective Action Inactive Unlined Landfill MW-12 Detection Active Landfill MW-13 Detection Active Landfill MW-14 Detection Active Landfill MW-15 Detection Active Landfill MW-16 Detection Active Landfill MW-17 Detection Active Landfill MW-18 Detection Active Landfill MW-19 Detection Active Landfill Hanes Mill Road MSW Landfill Groundwater and Surface Water Monitoring Compliance Well/Surface Water Sampling Type of Monitoring Associated Landfill Phase/Cell SW-5 Detection Active Landfill SW-6 Detection Active Landfill MW-20 Detection Active Landfill MW-21 Detection Active Landfill MW-22 Detection Active Landfill SW-1 Detection Active Landfill SW-2 Detection Active Landfill 1 The Active Landfill is associated with Permit 3402-MSWLF-1997; the Inactive Lined Landfill and Inactive Unlined Landfill are associated with Permit 3402-MSWLF-1976. 2 MW-1RR is also background well for the Active Landfill. This page intentionally left blank. HDR Engineering, Inc. of the Carolinas 440 S Church Street, Suite 1000 Charlotte, NC 28202-2075 704.338.6700 NC License F-0116 hdrinc.com © 2017 HDR, Inc., all rights reserved